NEW-HAMPSHIRE

Is a tract of land, originially carved out of Massachusets. It lies on the south side of the Piscataqua, between the sea and Connec­ticut river. Its form is nearly that of a sugar-loaf or pyramid, the base of which stretches two hundred miles on Connecticut river. Is 180 miles in length, and 60 in breadth, contained, according to an enumeration in 1787, 102,000 inhabitants; situated between 4 [...] and 49 degrees North Latitude, and 67 and 72 West Longitude. Attached to the Federal Government, and engaged in organizing her militia, already the best disciplined of any in the Union—en­couraging the domestic arts, and looking forward to the benefits which will result from the operations of the New Constitution. New-Hampshire, from her local advantages, and the hardihood of her sons, may anticipate essential benefits from the operation of equal commercial regulations. The principal towns are, Ports­mouth, the capital and seat of government, lying on Piscataway-Bay, where the largest ships may ride in safety, and Exeter, a fine inland town, which was the seat of government during the late war.

MASSACHUSETTS

Extends from the ocean on the east, to the bounds of New-York on the west; it has Rhode-Island and Connecticut on the south, and New-Hampshire and Vermont on the north; is 450 miles in length, and 160 in breadth▪ contained, according to an enumeration in 1787. 360,000 inhabitants; situated between 42 and 45 degrees North Latitude, and 70 and 73 West Longitude. Since the tran­quility of the state was restored by the suppression of the late in­surrection, the whole body of the people appear solicitous for the blessings of peace and good government. If any conclusion can be drawn from elections to the Federal Legislature, this state has a decided majority in favor of the New Constitution. The great objects of Commerce, Agriculture, Manufactures, and the Fish­eries, appear greatly to engage the attention of Massachusetts. Fa­brications of Cotton, coarse Woollens, Linens, Duck, Iron, Wood, &c. are prosecuting with success—and by diminishing her imports, and increasing her exports, she is advancing to that rank and im­portance in the Union, which her extent of territory, her resources, and the genius and enterprise of her citizens entitle her to—and although the collision of parties, at the moment of election, strikes out a few sparks of animosity, yet the decision once made, the "calumet of peace" is smoked in love and friendship, "and like true republicans they acquiesce in the choice of the majority." The principal towns are, Boston a large and populous city, situated on a peninsula, at the bottom of a large bay; it is elegant and well built, and deservedly called the second town in the United States: Newbury-Port, a flourishing sea-port town; Falmouth, which was [Page] burnt by the English at the beginning of the late war, and rising from its ashes: and Charleston, which was also laid in ruins, is now entirely re-built. A bridge covering Charles river, leads be­twixt Boston and Charleston, is more than 1300 feet in length, and the noblest structure in America. The University at Cam­bridge, is the first literary institution on the Continent. Its build­ings are large and elegant—its literary and philosophical apparatus are the most complete of any in America.

CONNECTICUT

Is bounded by Rhode-Island on the east, by Long-Island sound on the south, by Massachusetts on the north, and New-York on the west; is 81 miles in length, and 57 in breadth, contained, agree­able to a census in 1782, 209,150 inhabitants; situated between 41 and 43 degrees North Latitude, and 73 and 75 West Longitude. Enjoying a fertile soil, this truly republican state is pursuing her interest in the promotion of Manufactures, Commerce, Agricul­ture, and the Sciences—she appears to bid fair [...] from the peaceable, loyal, and federal character of the great body of her citizens—from the enterprise of her men of wealth, and other favorable cir­cumstances, to attain to a great degree of opulence, power, and re­spectability in the Union. The principal towns are. Hartford, a fine inland town on Connecticut river; and New-Haven, and New-London, two flourishing Sea-port towns.

The inhabitants of New England are mostly the descendents of the first English settlers; there is no French. Dutch, or Germans, and very few Scotch and Irish. Including Vermont and Rhode-Island (not in the Union) there is almost 10,000 inhabitants.

NEW-YORK

Extends from the ocean to Lake Champlain and Canada, and has Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont on the east, and New-Jersey and Pennsylvania on the West; is 350 miles in length, and 300 in breadth, contained, agreeably to a census in 1786, 238 897 inhabitants; situate between 40 and 45 degrees North Latitude, and 74 and 76 West Longitude; enjoying a fertile soil. New-York is now rising greatly in her Federal Character, and in Manufacturing, Agricultural, and Commercial consequence: Evidenced [...] Federal Elections—her plans for promoting Ma­nufactures, and the increase of her exports. The principal towns are, New-York, situated on New-York island, at the confluence of the East and North rivers, an elegant and populous city, with an excellent harbour, now the residence of the Congress of the United States. Hudson, lying on Hudson's river, navigable for ships of almost any size, about 130 miles from New-York, and Albany a city on the North river, about thirty miles above Hudson, built by the Dutch, and carries on a great for trade.

[Page] Columbia College in the city of New-York is well endowed and furnished with able Professors; and the New-York Chamber of Commerce is a very useful Mercantile Society, instituted for the purposes of promoting and encouraging Commerce, support­ing Industry, and adjusting disputes relative to Trade and Naviga­tion. They meet once in every month, to transact such business as may come before them, and establish rules for the order and good government of the Society. There is also a Marine Society, for the purposes of improving Maritime knowledge, and for re­lieving the Wives and Children of deceased Masters of Vessels, not less worthy of imitation, that meet quarterly.

NEW-JERSEY

Has the river Hudson and the ocean on the east, and the Dela­ware on the west. It extends from Cape May at the entrance of the Delaware on the south, to the limits of New-York state, west of the Hudson, about twenty miles from the mouth of that river; is 160 miles in length, and 52 in breadth, contained, by a census in 1784, 149 435 inhabitants; situated between 30 and 42 degrees North Latitude, and 74 and 76 West Longitude. The inhabitants of this state are warmly attached to the New Constitution—the blessings of peace and good government, being properly prized by them. The Arts and Sciences are objects of importance in this state▪ and many of her sons rank high in the republic of letters. The principal towns are, Trenton, a flourishing town near the Delaware; Burlington on the same river, in a healthy situation, enjoying great commercial privileges; Amboy, a sea-port town on Hudson's Bay, well situated for trade; New-Brunswick a large inland town; and Princeton, a delightful situation, the seat of a College, called Nassau-Hall, which has produced a great number of eminent Scholars.

PENNSYLVANIA

Extends from the Delaware on the east, Maryland on the south, New York on the north, and Virginia and Lake Eri on the west; is 288 miles in length, and 156 in breadth, contained by a census in 1787, 360,000 inhabitants; situated between 39 and 44 degrees North Latitude, and 75 and 80 West Longitude. This extensive and truly respectable state is making great proficiency in her Ma­nufactures. Agriculture, Arts and Commerce. Her attachment to the New Constitution is unequivocal, and with a consistency highly honorary to her national character she has lately made an effort (which though defeated for a time, will undoubtedly be successful) to conform her state constitution to that of the Union. The principal towns are Philadelphia the largest and most re­gular city in America situate on the river Delaware, enjoying an extensive trade, the University in [...] city, is well endowed with [Page] able Professors, as is also the Protestant Episcopal Academy; and here the Philosophical Society meet in the house of their President, the immortal Franklin. Carlisle, an inland town, where a flourish-seminary of learning, called Dickenson College, has been lately erected; Reading and York, are flourishing boroughs, as are also Germantown and Bristol; Lancaster, another borough, is the largest inland town in the United States, where is founded a Ger­man College called Franklin, after its principal benefactor; and Pittsburgh situated on the confluence of the rivers Alleghany and Monongahela, increases rapidly, and bids fair to be the Emporium of the Western Country.

DELAWARE

Comprehends three counties only, which extends from Pennsyl­vania to the entrance of the river Delaware; is 92 miles in length, and 16 in breadth; contained, according to a census in 1787, 87,000 inhabitants; situate between 38 and 40 degrees North Latitude, and 76 West Longitude. This state though circumscribed in its limits▪ derives great importance from its rank in the Union; attached to the New Constitution, and having the honor to take the lead in its adoption, there is no doubt of its giving efficacy to its righteous administration. The principal towns are Wilming­ton situate on Christians Greek, three miles from the Delaware; New Castle, a small town in the country of that name; Dover, the seat of government, and Newark, where is a seminary of Learning.

MARYLAND

Is bounded by Pennsylvania on the north, by the ocean on the east, and by Virginia on the south and west. It is divided into two parts called the eastern and western shores, by the great bay of Chesapeake; is 134 miles in length, and 110 in breadth, contain­ed by a census in [...] 253,630 inhabitants; situated between 37 and 40 North Latitude and 75 and 79 West Longitude. From its favorable situation in the Union, this state bids fair for prospe­rity, wealth, and eminence. Warmly attached to the New Con­stitution, and enjoying a central situation. The principal towns are, Baltimore, which lies upon an arm of the Chesapeake, is a flourishing sea-port town, which rises in wealth and size with amaz­ing rapidity; Annapolis, the seat of government, an elegant town on the river Severn; St. Mary's, which has nothing remarkable but having once been the capital of the Province; Frederick­town, a fine flourishing inland town; and George-town, situate at the head of navigation on the river Patowmack seems to flourish in commercial consequence. They have erected a College upon the eastern shore, called Washington College, in honor of that illustrious character. There is also a College to be erected upon the western shore.

VIRGINIA

Is bounded by the Atlantic on the east, by Maryland, Pennsyl­vania, and the Ohio, on the north; by the Missisippi and Ohio on the west, and by North Carolina on the south; is 758 miles in length, and 2 [...]4 in breadth, contained, by a census in 1782, 567,614 inhabitants; situate between 36 and 40 degrees North Latitude, and 75 and 90 West Longitude. From the natural ardour of her sons in the cause of freedom, Virginia is frequently convulsed in her elections, and has been torn by factions—Possessing an exten­sive territory and vast income, her funds are placed on a respectable footing; and as her representation in the Federal Legislature, is de­cidedly in favor of the New Constitution, there is now no doubt but that she will see her interest and glory finally connected with a few temporary sacrifices upon the principles of mutual concession. The principal towns are, Richmond, the seat of government, situat­ed at the falls of James' river, a flourishing town; Petersburg, a flourishing town on the Appamattox river; Williamsburg, a fine well built city, has an University called William and Mary, which is well endowed; Norfolk, a port with the most commodious har­bour in the United States, and the largest town in Virginia, it was burnt by the English at the beginning of the war in Virginia; and has now risen from its ashes, and carries on a considerable trade; Portsmouth, is opposite Norfolk, and enjoys the same privileges; Alexandria, another port on the Patowmac river, within ten miles of the seat of the illustrious American hero, General WASH­INGTON; Fredericksburg, another town on the Patowmac; Staunton, a pretty inland town beyond the Alleghany mountains. Virginia boasts of some of the largest and best rivers in America. On the north, the Patowmac, which divdes that state from Mary­land, rises in the Allegany mountains, bend [...] course south east and falls into the Chesapeake. It has eighteen feet water at Al­exandria, about one hundred and fifty miles from its mouth; and ten feet at George-town, eight miles higher. About five miles above are the falls, which obstruct the navigation for fifteen miles. The Rappahannock is a small river, but affords twelve feet water to Fredericksburg, just below the falls. York river furnishes, at York town, a few miles from its mouth, the best harbour in the state for vessels of a large size. It holds four fathom water, twenty miles above York town. James' river admits vessels of two hun­dred and fifty tons burthen to Warwick, and of one hundred and twenty-five tons to Richmond, about ninety [...] from its mouth. Nansemond and Chickahominy affords water for small vessels, se­veral miles into the country. Elizabeth river affords an excellent harbour and large enough for three hundred ships. At Norfolk it has eighteen feet water at common [...]ood tide. The Roanoke runs [Page] through part of Virginia, and is navigable for boats. On the west of the Allegany mountains are the great and little Kanawa, which rise in the mountains, and run north-west into the Ohio.—The Monongahela is one principal branch of the Ohio. The source of this river is separated from the Patowmac by the Allegany Ridge. The distance is about forty miles.—The river Allegany is the other principal branch of the Ohio. The head of the river is but fifteen miles distant from Presque Isse on Lake Erie. The rivers Cum­berland, Cherooke, and Kentucky, waters the western part of Vir­ginia, furnishing navigation for batteaux into the heart of the coun­try. Virginia is deservedly confessed without all manner of doubt, the most convenient country in the world for navigation.

⁂ In line 26, of the preceding page, for Fredericksburg, another town on the 'PATOWMAC,' read on the 'RAPPAHANNOCK.'

SOUTH-CAROLINA

Has North-Carolina on the north, the ocean on the east, Geor­gia on the south and Missisippi on the west; is 200 miles in length, and 125 in breadth▪ contained by a census in 1787, 180,000 inha­bitants; situate between 32 and 35 degrees North Latitude, and 79 and 90 West Longitude; an important member of the Union, has appeared lately to vibrate between opposing sentiments—her attachment to national measures we doubt not will evidently dis­cover itself when all tender laws and pine barreus shall be done away. The prohibition of the importation of slaves, and the pro­vision lately made for the reduction of her foreign debt, to which may be added, the determination of that state to call a Convention to adopt their state constitution to that of the Union, are truly Federal traits. The principal towns are. Charleston, the capital and seat of government, situated at the confluence of the rivers Ashley and Cooper, it is large and elegant; and Beaufort, another seaport town.

GEORGIA

Is bounded by South-Carolina on the north, by the Atlantic on the east; by East and West Florida on the south, and by Missisipp [...] on the west; is 600 miles in length, and 250 in breadth; contain­ed, according to a census in 1787, 98,000 inhabitants; situated be­tween 30 and 33 degrees North Lat. and 76 and 90 West Longi­tude. This state has completed her Federal Character by con­forming her state constitution to that of the Union—and being the youngest branch of the Family, and a frontier, she will doubt­less experience the supporting and protecting arm of the Federal Government. The principal towns are, Savannah, the capital, a fine commercial town on the river of the same name; Sunbury, a sea-port, very well situated for trade; and Augusta, situated at the [Page] head of navigation on the river Savannah, one hundred and thirty four miles from the sea, is the seat of government.

NORTH-CAROLINA

Is bounded by Virginia on the North, the Atlantic on the East, by South Carolina on the South, and by the Missisippi on the West; is 758 miles in length, and 110 in breadth; contained, agreeable to a census in 1787, 270,000 inhabitants; situated be­tween 35 and 37 degrees North Latitude, and 76 and 90 West-Longitude. This state has again called a Convention for the pur­pose of adopting the New Constitution, nor is there now any doubt that when the mild yet efficient operations of the New Go­vernment, together with the wisdom and patriotism of the members of the Federal Legislature, are duly considered, it will remove every doubt of those with whose opinions it may not entirely coin­cide; and confirm the expectations of its numerous friends. And her extensive frontier being obliged to export the greater part of her producttions through Virginia, there is no doubt, has fully evinced the necessity of her acceding to the confederation, as a depreciated paper medium is considered as the principal cause of the anti-national spirit of this state. The principal towns are, Newbern, Halifax, Edenton, Washington, Fayetteville, Wilming­ton and Hilsborough.

RHODE-ISLAND

Including the island of that name and Providence Plantations, is bounded on the North by Massachusetts-Bay, on the East by the Atlantic, on the West by Connecticut, and on the South by the Atlantic; is 68 miles in length, and 40 in breadth, contained, according to a census in 1783, 51, 896 inhabitants. This state has refused to accede to a union with her sister states, and is now al­most wholly estranged from them; and from appearance will con­tinue so, unless the measure of the iniquity of her "know ye" gentry should be speedily filled up—or the delusion which has so long infatuated a majority of her citizens, should be removed—Anxious of enjoying the protection of the Union, the inhabitants of Newport, Providence and other places, are determined to sue for its protection, and to be annexed to Massachusetts or Connec­ticut. This dismemberment of the state it is to be desired, may be prevented by her being wholly graffed into that stock from whence through blindness she has been broken off. The principal towns are, Newport, the capital, situate on Rhode-Island, which has an excellent harbour; and Providence, situated at the head of navigation on a large river or arm of the sea, thirty miles from Newport, at present in a flourishing condition. The business of this state consists principally in the Whale Fishing and West-India trade.