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A Chronological History OF NEW-ENGLAND In the Form of ANNALS:
BEING A summary and exact Account of the most material Transactions and Occurrences relating to THIS COUNTRY, in the Order of Time wherein they hapDiscovery by Capt. GOSNOLD in 1602, to the Arrival of Governor BELCHER, in 1730.
WITH AN INTRODUCTION CONTAINING A brief Epitome of the most remarkable Transactions and Events ABROAD, from the CREATION: Including the connected Line of Time, the Succession of Patriarchs and Sovereigns of the most famous Kingdoms & Empires, the gradual Discoveries of AMERICA, and the Progress of the REFORMATION to the Discovery of NEW-ENGLAND.
By THOMAS PRINCE, M. A.
VOL. 1.
Deut. XXXII.7.Remember the Days of Old, consider the Years of many Generations.
Job VIII.8.For enquire, I pray thee, of the former Age, and prepare thy self to the Search of their Fathers.
BOSTON, N. E. Printed by KNEELAND & GREEN for S. GERRISH, MDCCXXXVI
Governments, conTwo first Colonies of PLIMOUTH and the MASOthers chiefly derived, and having the greatest share in the
Descendants from the worthy FATHERS of these Plantations: whom Yourselves and Posterity cannot but have in everlasting Honour, not only for their eminent s
and Piety, wherein they set Examgreat Concern that the same VITAL and PURE CHRISTIANITY and LIBERTY both Civil and Ecclesiastical, might be contiFruits of whose extraordinary Cares, Labours, Hardships, Wisdom, Courage, Patience, Blood and Death, we under the DIVINE Protection, and the Justice of the Best of KINGS, enjoy.
It is to these we firstly owe our pleasthis Country is distinguished among the British Colonies, and in which we are as happy as any on Earth.
In the midst of our great Advantages, you will doubtless take a noble and useful PleaNames and Actions of your PREDECESSORS; that you may imitate their Virtues: as also in surveying the gra
It is the orderly Succession of these Transactiproper History, which admits of artificial Orcloser and more naked REGISTER, comprizFacts in a Chronological Epitome, to enlighten the Understanding: some what like the Form of Usher's ANNALS, which a com
Nor is the Design of this Dedication, as is usual with Others, to implore your Patro
It would be too high a Presumption in me, as well as too intruding on your more imporNarrative of the Indian War; for the Perusing and Approving which, three honourable Magistrates were deputed by the Governour & Council of the Massachusetts Colony in 1677, One of whom was a Major General, and the other Two were after — Governours: Upon rectifying every Error, such a Publick Approbation would Consign it as a true Report
I should now conclude, were it not for an Observation of too great and publick Moment to be here omitted; which is as fol
That when the Founders of these Colonies came over, it was a Time of General Tyranny both in Church & State through their MOTHER ISLAND; under which the British Kingdoms loudly groaned, as the united Voice declared both of their LORDS and COMMONS in several PARLIAMENTS both of ENGLAND and of SCOTP
admiMother, a Grand-Daughter of the first Race of Settlers; next to the Scripture History, she gave me such a View of the Reformation, and of the Sufferings and Vertues of those renowned PRINCES, as rais'd my Joy with Others when the first hopeful Prospect opened of their PROTESTANT DESCENDENTS in the ILLUSTRIOUS HOUSE of HANOVER being advanced to the BRITISH THRONE, and carried us into unbounded Transports when our Eyes beheld it.
Upon this Occasion HIS EXCELLENCY will forgive me, if for the Honour of His Country, as well as for his own, we boast of One among us, who inspir'd with Zeal for the Succession of that ILLUSTRIOUS HOUSE, even in the Joys of Youth, twice brake away, viz. in 1704 and 1708, and pass'd a double Ocean; that He might with Rapture see, and in his Country's Name express the Ardour of their Vows to THAT MOST IMPORTANT FAMILY; in which under Heaven all the Welfare of three mighty Nations, and even of all the Protestant States and Kingdoms in the World, as well as the Liberty, Religion and Felicity of these ColoAmerican can pretend to;
British Empire: which redounds to the Glory of the LAND that bred Him, that parted with Him and receiv'd Him with Applause; and the happy Conse
May that BLESESD FAMILY remain upon the Throne and Prosper as long as the SuDEPPOSITA resigned to your faithful Trust, and transmit them safely to your Successors: In all yourCouncils may you look to future as well as present Generations; whom you may see depending on your Care and Wisdom, as we unborn depended on the Care and Wisdom of those before us: and may You ever keep in View the Principal and No
NEXT to the sacred History, and that of the Reformation, I was from my early Youth inthe New-England Memorial compos'd by Mr. Secretary Morton: being the History of PLIMOUTH COLONY from the Beginning, to 1668. Gov. Thomas Dudley's Letter to the Count
oLincoln, informed me of the Beginning of the MASSACHUSETTS COLONY Mr. WilliamHubbard and Mr. In
's Narratives of the Indian Wars in 1637, 16Cotton Mather's HistIndian W
from 1688 to 1698, gave me a sufficient View of those calamitous Times. Mr. Matthew Mayhew's Account oVineyard-Indians, Mr. Increase Mather's Record of ReCotton Mather's Lives of Mr. C
and Sir William Phipps, increas'd my Knowledge: And much more Eccl
of NEW-ENGLAND, in
Yet still I long'd to see all these Things disposed in the Order of Time wherein they happened, together with the
Upon my entering into the College, I chanced in my lChamberlain's Account of the
: Which excited in me a Zeal of laying hold Print and Manus
which are either written by Persons who lived here, or that have an
When I went to England, I met with a great Variety of Books and Pamphlets, too many here to name, relating to
Atlantick. Among others, in a History of NEW-ENGLAND, from 1628 to 1651, Printed in Quarto London 1654, I found many Particulars, of the Beginning of our several Churches, Towns and Color
of the Book is Wonder-Working Providence, &c: and in the genuine Title-Page, no Author is named. Some of the Books were faced with a false Title Page; wherein the Work is wrongly assigned to Sir F. Georges: But the true Author was Mr. Iohnson of Woburn in New-England, as the laSewall assur'd me, as of a Thing familiarly known among the Fathers of the Massachusetts Colony.
In my foreign Travels, I found the want of a regular HisLe Moyn and others require in an Historian were enough to deterr me. And yet I had a secret Tho't, that upon returning to my native Country, in case I should fall into a State of Leisure, and no other ena Brief Account of Facts at least, in the Form of Annals.
But, returning home in 1717. Providence was pleased soon to settle me in such a Publick Place and Circumstanceabove a Thousand Books, Pamphlets, and Papers of this Kind in Print, and a great Number of Papers in Manuscript: So many indeed, that I have never yet had Leisure enough to read them. For I should want at least as long a Time as Dio: Who says he had been not only Ten Years in Coll
Twelve Years more in Compiling it: And yet by his Book of Dreams and Prodigies, presented to Severu
Lib.
Xip
In 1720 came out Mr NEAL's History of NEW ENGLAND, which I was glad Oldmixon's Account of NEW ENGLAND in his British Empi
; and which Mistakes are no doubt the Reason why Mr. Neal's History is not more generally read among us: yet considering the Materials this worthy Writer was confin'd to, and that he was never here; it seems to me scarce possible that any under his Disadvantages should form a better. In comparing Him with the Authors from whence he draws, I am surpriz'd to see the Pains he has taken to put the Materials into such a regular Order: And to me it seems as if many Parts of his Work cannot be mended.
Upon the Account of thMistakes as also many Deficiencies which our written Records only are able to supply; I have been often ushort Accoun
CHRONOLOGY; which I apprehended woNeal in correcting his Second Edition; and which I supposed would not take above Six or Eight Sh
intending to write no more than a Line or two upon every Article.
The Design was this, —
A
summary and exact ACCOUNT of the most material Occurrences relathese Parts of the World from their first DisREMARKABLE PROVIDENCES; such as appearances of Comets and Eclipses, Earthquakes, TemHISTORICAL TRANSACTIONS, as the Rise and Changes of Governments, the ElecIndian and English Names, the F&c ▪
TDates assign'd to various Occurrences, wiYears, Months and Days, if possible asTogether with an INTRODUCTION, containBrief Account of the most remarkable Persons, Transabroad,
1. From the CREATION to the Birth of CHRIST, accor
2. From thence to the Discovery of the NEW WORLD by CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS.
3. From thence to the Discovery of NEW ENGLAND by Captain Gosnold.
The Ministers throughout this Country were desired to make their careful Enquiries and send in their accurate Accounts as soon as possible; that such material Pass
Upon my publishing this Design, I first engaged in the INTRODUCTION: but quickly found, as Chambers in his Cyclopaedia observes,
In my Chronology to be vastly more difficult than one can imagine who has not applied himself to theStudyAlsted in his Thesaurus, says, That his other Labours were but as Play to Pr
to the several Periods and the folloNotes, I observe the Writers with whom I agree and differ, as also some of the greatest Difficulties. And as I would not take the least Iota upon Trust if possible; I examin'd the Original Authors I could meet wiFortnight`s Thought and LaboTables and Calculations I was forc'd Folio To find out not only Year and Month, but even the Day of every Article, I was oblig'd to search a great Number of Writers: And the knowing Reader will see that so many precise Poi
Patriarchs & Sovereigns of the most famous Kingdoms & Empires. For the three First Periods, viz. (1) Of the Patriarchs, (2) Iudges of Israel, & (3) Kings of Iudah to the Destruction of the first Temple and of
by Nebuchadnezzar; I leave the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Septuagint & Ios
which several Writers both anciBede wafo
viz. from thence thro' the Reigns of the Babylonian, P
and Egyptian Monarchs, to the Roman EmPtolemy's famous Astronomical Canon, and give it exactly thro' the Period. In the fifth and s
from thence to the Monarchs of England; I make use oTac
&c. And in the seventh & last, from thence to the Beginning of tIames I. in England, when He became the first Monarch of GREAT BRITAIN; I keep to the anc
in Latin to the Reign of Edward II: of all which I am sorry that I could not find the Saxon Chronicle in this Country.
But whereas in the Times before the CHRISTIAN AERA, I cite several Authors; such as Calvisius, Hel
same Year
different Ye
of the World: I neReal Years, or Years of the Iulian Period, or Coelestial Characters assigned to them, or in their Distance from the Christian AEra. Thus for Instance, as to the Time when Augustus took Alexandria, and put an End to the Egyptian Kingdom; Calvisius calls it Aug. 1. in the Year of the World 3920; Usher calls it 39following Month: but we beI
as the Iulian Year begins, we place this ArtiAug. 1. in very same Re
and Day, viz. Aug. 1. in the YeIul
4684Sun 8, of thM
10Christian AEra; the fIulian P
4their Years of the Iulian Period into t
of the World which answer them in our Chronology
In the Introduction I also observ'd this Rule; that the nearer I drew to the later Ages, wherein we grow more concerned, the larg
: And in the Process of this Work, was gradually led on and perswaded to exceed my first Defive later Periods near atwo former.
By that time I finished the Introduction, I found so great a Number of Historical Manuscripts, both old and new; conSubstance of these Historical Memoirs, it would be daily in Dan
TheMANUSCRIPTS I haveOpportunity to search are these
In Folio —
Bradford's HISTORY of PLIMOUTH People and Colony, from 1602 to the End of 1646Pages: With some Account, at the End, of the Increase of those who came over with Him, from 1620 to 1650, and all in his own Hand-writing.Church of Plymouth Records; began by Mr. Secretary Mor
Copy of the GRAND CHARTER of NEW ENGLAND, granted by K. Iames I. on Nov. 3. 1620Records of the Massachusetts Colony.
Records of the County of Suffolk: In the first Volume whereof are several Letters from the M
at London to Mr. Endicot, before they came over.Records of the Town of Charlestown: In the first Volume whereof is a particular History of the first Coming and Settling of the English there, and in the NeighRecords of the Town of Boston; as also of the Fi
and several other later Churc
tRecords of the first Church of Roxbury, writEliot, and his successive Colleagues the Rev. Mr. Danforth and Walter: In a separa
are recorded Hints of various ancient TranRecord of the first New-England Synod, viz. at Cambridge
Plimouth Colony LAWS, from 1626 to 1660, inclusively.Records of the Hon. Artillery Company.
William Hubbard s General HISTORY of NEW ENGLAND from the Discovery to 1680, in 338 Pages: And tho' not in his own Hand-writing, yet having several Corrections made thereby.
In Quarto —
Book of PATENTS of several Parts of NEW-ENGRecord of the Rev. Mr. Peter Hobart of Hingham, relating Hints of MatterMa
's ancient Account of the Pequot War in 1634, 5, 6, 7.Gookin's History of the New-England Indians, to 1674, inclusively.Iournal in Latin, composed by the late Rev. Mr. Brimsm
of Ma
and in his own Handmemorable Things in New-England, from 1674 to 1687 inclusively, written by the late Rev. Dr. Increase Mather, in his own Hand.Iournal of the late Capt. Lawrence Hammond of Charlestown and Boston, from 1677 to 1694, inclusively.Iournal of a very Intelligent Person de
In Octavo —
Register of Gov. Bradford's, in his own Hand, recorPlimouth: with Three other Miscelaneous Volumes of his.Table Book of his Son Major William B
afterward Dep. Gov. of PLIMOUTH-COLONY, written with his own Hand, from 1649 to 1670.Roger Clap's Account of the ancient AffRegister wrote by the Rev. Mr. Iohn L
recording the first Affairs both of Scituate & Bar
; of which Towns he was successively the first Minister.Willoughby & CaptHammond; giving historical Hints, from 1651 to 1678 inclusively.Interleav'd Almanacks of the late Honourable Iohn Hull and Judge S
of Boston, EsqrShepa
the last of Charlestown, of the late Rev. Mr. Ioseph G
of Wenh
and several others from 1646 to 1720; wherein the Facts were wrote at the Time they happenedShort-Hand, to which I was an utter Stranger, put me to no small Pains to find out their Alphabets and otherCharacters.
In loose Paper
—
Extracts from the PUBLICK RECORDS of the Colonies of Pl
& Rhode-Island.
ancient Letters & other Papers whicChronological Letters sent me, collected from the Records of several Towns & Churches throughout thiprivate R
and the Information of aged and Intelligent Persons
The Reader will easily conceive how large and difficult a Field now lay before me; when all these Manuscripts were to be perused, examined, and compared both with Themselves and with those Accounts already publ shed; their Varie
FS
in his Preface to the first Volume of his Annals of the Re
; which I shall mention in his own Words, —
I have c
Yea more Scrupulous than Mr. Strype on thicommonly, I have so universally observ'd this Rule, that where I have inserted Sentences oCrotchets [], or added them at the End of P
without any Author cited after them. And I know not that I have ever changed an
In the History of o
we may freely use our own Expressions: But in all Accounts of Events before
And here I must Observe, That Mr. Morton's HistoryPlimo
to the End of 1646, being chieflyGov. Bradford's Manuscript abbreviated; from hence it comes to pass that in many ArticleBradford, both Mr. Morton and I happen to use the same Words and Sentences: Not that I deduce them from Mr. Morton, but because they are the original Words and Sentences in Gov. Bradford.
Some may think me rather too criti
: Others that I retoo minute: And others, that I need not have interrupted the reading with so many Notes in the Margin. As for the first, I think a Writer of Facts cannot be too critical: IExactness I aim at, and would not have the least Mistake if possible pass to the World. Isecond, those Things which are too minute with Some, are not so with Others:
smaller People and more affect them, which are lesmore
And I have therefore thought it a proper Rule in History, to mention smaller Things in the Infancy of these Plantatithird, I wish I had placed many of the Notes in the Body of the Page; and propose to do so in the Rest of the Work.
As to Impartia
; I know it is usual for the Writers of History to assert it; some in their PrpureC
as alCivil and Religious Liberty; and this for the Low as well as High, for the Lai
as well as the Clergy: I am for leaFreedom of Wo
; and for extending Charity to ever
: I am on the side of Meekn
and Innocence: And I hope, my Inclination to these great Principles will not by ass me to a Misrecital of Facts; but rather to staRegister or Coll
of
so much admit of Partiality, as a proper History where the Writer allows himself the Freedom of using his own Expressions.
In ciFuller, for the Births, Ages and Characters of Persons, I sometimes mean his AbelR
but oC
of England. And whereas I observe some M stHubbara's History of New-England; the Reader may consider, that as we have only a Copy of that valuable Work, the Substance whereof I propose to give the PTranscriber only, and some that learned and ingenious Aut
fell into for want of Gov. Bradford's History and some other Materials which I happen to be favoured with.
In short, I cite my Vouchers to every Passage: And I have done my utmost first to find out the Truth, and then to relate it in the clearest Order. I have laboured after Accuracy: And yet I dare not say, that I am without Mistake; nor do I desire the Reader to conceal any he may possibly find. But on the contrary, I offer this Work to the Publick View, that it may be perused with the most critical Eye, that every Error may be discovered, and the Correction published in the following Volume: Which I hope will not be long a composing; having passed through the much greater Diffithis First, and abstracted many of my Materials towards the Second.
p page. l line. f for. r read. d dele.
PAge 2 line 5 f KINGS r MONARCHS. l 6 d aGreek. l 7 f VI. the KINGS r VII the MONARCHS. l 11 f Arrival of the FIRST PLANTERS of Plimouth in New-England, r Discovery of NEW ENGLAND & Death of QBrutus & Cassius. l 18 f 967 r 968. f Dec. 31. (18) r Iuly 16. l 21 f (c u) r (c) l 22 d 968. MargVarro & Dio'sAccount which we here use; * Marg. l. 3 f later r ealier. p 41 l 2 d Greek or l 5 for Restoration r Revival. p 53 l 27 f Dies r Born p 55 marg. l 2 f Punish r Reproach. p 72 l 12 r Oct. 19. K Iohn dies (w f) p 89 l 17 d and that neik) [This PassIan. 15. See Additions at the End of this Volume]
P 4 Mar. l 4 f calls r call. p 23 l 23 f this Winter r
5 (pg). p 2p r) r (p s) p Brewster, Carver, Bradford, Winslow, with the other English Voyagers. p 77 l 20 d (B).
P 83 l 10 f Iune 12. r Iune 12. &c. p 91 l 28 f the r these. p 96 l 2 d Line 2, 3, 4, 5. p 105 l 23 f we agree to send, r we [agree to] send. p 114 l 9 f (B. W) r (B ▪ W) or 37 (sm. p s) p 156 Between the 2d & 3d PaOct. 8. (cb. pn) Lord Viscount Wim
with 80 Ships (cb. vs) * & Ten Thousand Land Soldiers (Plimouth for Cadiz, and begins the WAR with Spain (cb. rs.) In the Marg insertcb, Continuation of Baker's Chronipn, Pointer. vs, Rushworth. i
Mr. Iames Howel's LetterHowell says 120 Ships: Mr. Iames Howel says above 80 of ours, besides a Squadron of 16 Hollanders. p 15Great Britain, Charles I. in the Middle a ‖ between him and the K. of France; and a † between K. Charles and the K. of Spain. p 195 l 29 f Iohn r Io † In the Marg. insert, † Thus 'tis written in the Massachusetts Colony Records, but whether Ioseph or Iohn be meant, uncertain p 198 l 17 f (bd) r (bc) Marg. l 2 f old r odd. p 200 l 2 f (crc) Marg. l 1 f old r odd. p 202 l 5 r confirm their. l 11 f as r all. p 203 l 26 f came r come. Marg l 4 f 1629 r 1630. p 205 Marg. l 5 f seems r seem. p 208 Marg. at the End of Note [93] insert: Unless they mean of the Arrival of the Fleet at Charlestown. p 212 l 14 Between (M
) and [9W. Vossal. Marg. l 1 d also. And at the End of the Note insert, By which it seems he returned thiCourt of Assistants, which is on Aug. 23. p 2 9 l last but one, r Alterations †. In the Marg insert, † But as Burnet observes,
In K.
p 250 in the two last Lines, d Section of the II. p 253 l 33 d Sect I.Edward's FIRST BOOK, Copes and other Garments [i. e. PopishGarments] were ordered to be used; in his SECOND BOOK, all was laid aside except the Surplice; yet the Queen who lov'd Magnificence, reEdward's FIRST BOOK.
HIS Excellency JONATHAN BELCHER,
Esq Captain General and Governor in Chief over His Majesty's Provinces of the Massachusetts-Bay and New Hampshire in New-England. (for Six)
The Honourable SPENCER PHIPPS, Esq: Lieut. Governour of the Massachusetts. (for Two)
The Honourable WILLIAM DUMMER,
Esq late Lieut. Governour of the Massachusetts.
OUR Subscription being begun in 1728, and several
AND seeing some Gentlemen's Names in the List
Introduction to the NEW ENGChronology, it may be grateAge of the World when This Part of the Earth came to be known to the Other; and the Line of Time, with the SucCreation to the Settlement of this Country by a Colony from ENGLAND. And this I shall briefly show under the following Articles: which seem to me, the most clear and natural Heads, or successive PERIODS of Chronology; Especially for an English Reader.
And that I may croud the more Matter in a littlfollowing Plain anCharacters, For Words and Sentences that
As,
Year of LIFE.Year of RULE or REIGN.Year of the WORLD: i. e. from the CREATION of the WORLDYear of CHRIST: i. e. from that the BEGINNING of the Ye
either a little before or after.at the END of the Year, either
And the Years are supposed to be Solar, and nea
i. e. either a little more or less; and Begin at the Spring.
Tho' the Year of the World 1656, is Generally reckon'd to be the Year of NOAH's FLOOD; Yet taking the Years of the Patriarchs for Full Years or thereabouts, i. e. either a little over or under, sometimes one and sometimes the other, and so compleat in the whole, as Helvicus, Petavius, Usher and most Chronologers seem to allow; I think 'tis very Plain, that as ADAM liv'd 130 Years before SETH was Born, and ADAM was not 130 till the Beginning of the Year of the World 131, so SETH was Born at the Beginning of the same Year; and so —of the other Patriarchs: which will therefore unavoidably bring the Beginning of the FLOOD to the Beginning of the Year of the World 1657. And to this agree the Learned Func
& Swan; who therefore seem in this Computation to be most accurate. And tho', From Gen. XI.26. many Moderns and all the Ancient Chronologers, even down to BEROALDUS a Professor of Geneva, have set the Birth of ABRAHAM at the 70 Year of TERAH; and the Samaritan Version in Gen. XI.32. makes TERAH to live no longer than 145, and so to have Died when ABRAHAM was but 75: Yet inasmuch as the Hebrew, with all the other ancient Versions
Bib. Polyg
Iosephus also, make TERAH to live 205; and as ABRAHAM at 75 Remov'd from Haran, Gen. XII.4. and Stephen tells us that this was after hiActs VII.4; therefore BEROALDUS seemBirth of ABRAHAM as the 130 Year of TERAH: and has drawn the following TraiCalvinus, P. Martyr, Mus
Tres, Diodati, Rivetus, Broughton, More, Willet, Ainsworth, Lightfoot, Usher, Richardson, Swan, Allen, Cary, Whiston, Lloyd, Marshal, Dr. Prideaux, and others; whom we chuse to follow for further Reasons which our de
By 1 Kings VI. 1. and 2 Chron. III. 1, 2. compar'd with Numb. XXXIII. 3. It appears there were 479 Years and 1coming out of EGYPT, to the Founding of SOLOMON's TEMPLE: whereof 39 Years, 10 Months and the odd 17 DSchemes prolast, devised by Sir Iohn Marsham,
Whisto
and Marshal, may be the best; who suppose the Years oOppressi
and Iudges, to be Contemporary However, I shall here lay doIudges in a Successive order, according to the Years assign'd them in the sacred Records, inclusive of the several Oppressions as happening in their Times; and as supposed by Scharpius, Alsted, Baylly, Broughton, Lightfoot, Swan, and Allen; as also I
Helvicus.
Isaacson & Tallents ▪
only that the latter, supposing it to be 480 Years compleat and 17 Days, From the coming out of EGYPT to the Founding of the TEMPLE, make JOSHUA's Rule to be 18 Years whereas the other more exactly make it but about 17, as follows
The precise Adjustment of the Years of this Period with the Reigns of the several KINGS of Iudah and Israel, is encumWhiston's surprizing Hypothesis may be allow'd with safety, who solves them by supIeroboam Diminished the Year for the ObserTribes, by 1 Month, while the Kings of Iud
kept to the former Computation; I may not venture to deterSwan, Whiston, Lloyd Marshal and Dr. Prideaux almost intirely follow; and which is nearly the same with Petavius's, lately followed by Le C
and Perizonius. And here I must observe upon a strict ExEnglish Annals being PriLatin Annals being Published in London while hCreation at the FALL, and before in the same Y of the Iulian Period 710; It therefor happens that our Numbers of the Mundane AEra assign'd to Spring and Summer are more by 1 than His, both in this and the other Period tho' those Events which happened in the Fall and WiWorld as Mithey are in the Former Part of His but in the Latter of Ours.
Thus far the Hebrew and inspired Guides alone have led Iudah sailing, we must now look to the Grecian Histories for the following Course of Time to the BeRoman Empire. And here the most knowing Enquirers have been in a perpetual strife till the Common of CHRIST 1613; When the famous MATHEMATICAL CANON of Claudius Ptolemy
Astronomer of Alexandria in Egypt.
England. Which being founded on Astronomical ApChaldean and Egyptian
Babylon, on the 1st d at Noon the 1st Egyptian m, called Thoth,
Thoth was the Egyptian Mercury: And as the 1st d of their YeGregory.
Feb. 2Iulian Period 3967; accounts by Egyptian Years of 36Babylonian, Persian, Grecian, Egyptian and Roman Monarchs, to ANTONINUS PIUS, when Ptole
flourished; and numbers the Years of their Reigns by Thoths, or rather Egyptian New Year D
Canon therefore we keep invariably in the Present Period: Having carefully examin'd it in Greek and Latin both in Calvisius and Petavius, in Greek only in Mr. Gregory, and in Latin only in Mr. Cary and Mr. Whiston
Whiston seems to be free from any, except in the Column He adds of the Years of the Iulian Period, which seem to be too many by 1 down from the b of the R of Darius Hystaspis,
Darius the Son of Hystaspes.
Egyptian Y in this Ancient Canon to the present Iulian; I shall from this time forward Begin the Y with the 1st of Ianuary thro' out our following Chronology.
Having brought the Reader thro' the darker Scenes of the Roman Emperors; we are opening now into fairer Prospects, and the Path of Time grows clearer and more certain; partly by the Regulation of the Y by Iulius Caesar, and parHerod, and the Birth, Ministry and Death of IOHN the Baptist and our Blessed SAVIOUR, have perplex'd the Minds of the most learned men as much as New English Reader'Scalig
& Lardner, whose PerformancePaterculus, Iosephus, Tacitus, Suetonius & Dio, compar'd with the Writers of the New Testament: without consulting whose Originals, I find there can be no Safety or Exactness in our Reasoning
However, to oblige my Readers that cannot come at these authenUsher and Mr. Whiston place iNovember; yet Iosephus plainly representing that he Died a little before the Passover, and the Jewish Writer from whom they take that End of Herod's LiWhitby observes from Dr. Allix; the Learned therefore seem to be giving up this Article, and the great Enquiry is, whether Herod Died in the Spring of the Y of Rome 750, 751, or 752, i. e. according to Varro's ComputatiPetavius, Cary & Perizonius follow in their ChronoloCato; followed by Helvicus, Isaacson, Swa and Tallents. Now because Iosephus mentions an Eclips
of the Moon at Iericho in the Time of Herod's Final Illness; AKepler
Petavius have found it on March 13 in the Y of Rome 750 Calculation of
's
between this PhaenoApril 11, the d of Herod had not arriv'd to the 3 King by the Rom n SenaIoseph
Begins his Iewish Years with the 1st of Nisan, as Ptolemy — Egyptian with the 1st of Thoth; then on the 1st oNisan in 750Herod entred his 37th Y, and there is no Difficulty.
For (1) Iosephus tells us, that Herod was declared King by the Romans in the 184th Olympiad, Calvinus and Pollio being Consuls: Dio says, that these were Consuls in the Y of Ro
Olympiad ended Summer of this very Y. But by comparing these 2 Authors: seems to me that Herod did not Sail to Rome till the WinteCalvinus & Pollio begaOlympiad; yet the 185Summer befo e Herod's Voyage; which Iosephus expresPentecost & (Wi
(2) Iosephus also says, that Herod Reigned 37 Y Philip Succeeded Him in Part of his Dominion R
and all Chronologers agree that the 20Aug. 19, in the Y of Rome 786 By this Iosephus means, not intire Years, with respect to eitheSon or Father, but the 37th Y currant only. (3) Iosephus
War, that Archelaus SHerod in another Part of his Kingdom, viz Iudea, and bei
But in his Book of Antiquities written after the otheArchel
was Accus'd & Banish'd in the 10th Y of his Government; own Life, He repeats the same, asserting that His Father's Birth was in the said 10th Y of Archelaus. By which it seems that Archelaus was accus'd & sent to Rome in the Spring oDio says, He was accus'd & banish'd to Vi
& his Estate confiscated in the Y of Rome 759, Lepidus and Aruntius being Consuls. (4) Iosephus also tells us, tha upon Archelaus's BanishmeAugustus sent Cyrenius, who seizeAntony was beat by Octa
at Actium: and the Learned all agree that the 37th Y from that Event Began on Sept. 2. in this very Y of Rom
which Dio speaks of, viz. 759.
If therefore, 714, ending with the last Month Adar of thIewish Y, be reckoned by Iosephus for the 1st of Herod's Reign and so his 2d Y Beginning with the 1st of Nisan; Then the latter e of Mar. 750 will be in his 37th Y; Then Mar. 759 wil be in the e of Archelaus's 9th, and the rest of the Y will be hiSept. 2; And then the 37th of Philip will begin in Mar. 786 and He must Die between Aug. 19 this same Y (when Tiberius enters on his 20th,) and the Nisan of the next, when otherwise Philip wou'd enter into his 38th.
BDecease of Herod to theSpring of 751; then we slight the Eclipse abovesaid (which no Astronomer will be free to) & cannot so easily make Iosephus & Dio agree. And if we carry his Death to the Spring of 752; then we both slighEclipse, and make Iosephus interfere both with Dio and with Himself also. Whereas if we keep to the Caelestial Character
Supposition above; there is a perfect Harmony in all their Numbers.
Now, the 750 Y of Rome is the 4710 of the Iulian Period
Spring of this Y, I at present incline to place the Decease of Herod: tho' if a Lunar Eclipse at Iericho, cou'd be found by Mr. Flamsted's Observations, & Sir I Newton's Theory, in the Latter part of this Y, or b of the next; I shou'd then incline to think his Death was in the Spring ensuing. And by Mat. IBorn before Herod Died; as by Luke I The Birth of IOHN was about half a Year before our SAVIOUR'S.
We are now arriv'd at the fatal Partition of the Roman Empire. For tho' Marc Antony, Octavius and Lepidus, and someSextus Pompey with them, assign'd themselves their several Shares thereof, to Reduce to Order, Defend and GoDio Observes D Cassius; Lib XLVI-XLIX.Rome the Capital. And thus it likewise held intire, while Dioclesian and Maximian, with their 2 Caesars under them, took their several Provinces to Reduce and Vindicate. But when Constantius & Galerius receiv'd the Empire, they Parted it at least for Life, if not for Property: and Eusebius tells us, Eccl. Hist; Lib. VIII, Cap. 13.It was a thing, says He, which never sell out before. However it seem'd to continue in some sort intire, while Rome remain'd the Imperial City, without a Rival.
But when Constantin the Great, had with extraordinary Magnificence Rebuilt and Adorn'd Byzantium, and in the SoOther. Here He therefore fix'd his
Europe on this side of the Alps: CONSTANTIUS the 2d had Thrace, Asia & Egypt; being nearly the same with the now Turkish Empire: and CONSTANS the Youngest had the Rest of Europe and Africa.
The Part which fell to Constantin was indeed in the 3 Year after, united to the Dominion of Constans: and both together bearing the Name of the WESTERN EMPIRE, was miseraPicts, Scots, and Saxons in Britain; and by the Goths, Vandals, Francs,
and other Barbarous Nations in the Continent; till it intirely ended with Augustulus, in the Y C 476; tho' in a measure Revived at the End of the present Interval by Charles the Great of France, in the Year 800. But the Part which fell to Constantius had the Name of the EASTERN EMPIRE, and endur'd the attacks of the Persians, Saracens, Turks, and Others, till 1453; when it was forc'd to yeild to the Ottoman Arms.
The Succession of these Eastern Emperors I therefore chGreatest Princes that were then in the World, but the Affairs of Learning then subsisted cheifly in their Dominions, and the Times of their Succession are more exactly stated than those of other Monarchspolite and fine way of Writing among the Roman and Greek Historians declined greatly in the latter part of the foregoing Period, and expires in this, yet the Notes of Time were so well preserved, that Disputes among ChronoloRoman Pontiffs in the Western Empire; wherein Onuphrius and Baronius disagree, which seem indeed to be very uncertain and uncapable of Decision, and with which we are little concerned.
Note, In the Present Period, where no Historian is cited, the Articles are taken from CALVISIUS.
Having passWest of Europe. And the End of the Y C 800, seems to be one of the most remaPoints of Time in History, on these 2 accounts, (1) The Revival of the West
Empire in CHARLES the Great of France, Crown'd EmpeWest at Rome, on Dec. 25 this Y (2) The b of thGreat, as R
caW
Wess
or the South sidThames: the Km Wessex by Britain, and becomes the Englan
The E
EWest of Europe grow more considerMonarchs both of the Fran
and English are pretty certain adjust d; we shall therefore shifEastern to the W
Parts of the Ancient Rom
Kings of England. And inasmuch as our Introduction is thus drawn out to an unEnglish Histories are in the Hands of many; I shall therefore spare my Readers here, and give them little more than as accurate a List, as I am at present aown Monarchs
But there offers a material Difficulty at the very Head of the present Period, which I mEgbert. For (1) Some place it in the Y C 800; as Ethelwerd, Malmsbury, Huntingdon, Hoveden
Polydore Virgil, Pan
Sir H. Savil
Antii
&Glover and Mills, Mundy, Speed, Helvi
the Indi
at the End of Littleton and Cambridg Dictionaries, Tallents, Eachard, Rapin; and so Baker, Howell, Pointer and Salmon seem to imply (2) Some, in 801; as Harrison, and Holins
and Anderson. (3) OWestminster,
Egbert in 837, aStow, Howes, Daniel, and Tyrrel. Hoveden says, Some b the R of Egbert in 802: and Tyrrel says that Ass
S of Durham and the Bp of Litchfield are of the same Opinion.
To clear this matter, I (1) Observe that Rapin tells us,
W
Tho' whence E
was chosen K of Wessex, he was at ROME with CHARLES the Gsoon after invested with the Imperial CrownThere he took his leave of that Great Prince, &c.Rapin had this Intelligence, I shouLiecthenaw, Cario
Calvisius and Ricciolius inforCharles
France, enter'd Rom
Dec. 25, and Calvisius
Apr 24,
Egbert set out with Charles from France some time in October or November, and that Britric K of Wessex was then alive. (2) That between Nov 24, and Dec 25, Egbert not only heard aRome of his Election, but also seEngland. (3) We must therefore place his Election about November; and the b of his actual R about the same ime with the b of Charles's Empire. Or however, to define This Period more precisely — From the e of the Las
This; i. e From the Imperial Coronation of Charles at Rome, to the D of Q Elizabeth, the Last mere Monarch oEngland, and b of the R of Iames, the First of Great Britain, i
Having compar'd above 30 noted Lists and Histories of ouKings, both in English and Latin, I found so many Inconsistencibefore the Norman Conquest; thall the la
and betake myself intirely to those more Ancient and Original Ethelwerd, Ingulphus, Malmsbury, Hu
M of Westminster, and R of Chester; who are the only old Writers on
of the Period I can hear of in this Country: the 6 First in Latin, the last translated out of that Language into English by Trevisa in 1357, as Trevisa
Caxton tell us. And as I have carefully perus'd them; I preciser Notes of Time I sHolinshed, Stow, Speed, Tyrrel, Eachard, R
or any other wherever I find them.
N. B. Wherever I use the Words Elect, Elected,
they are so Express'd in the Original A
The united Continents of Asia, Africa and Europe, have be
CREATION to the Y C 1492. We are now to turn our Eyes to the West, and see a NEW WORLD appearing in the Atlanto the great Surprize and Entertainment of the other. CHRISTOPHER COa Genoese is the 1st Discoverer. Being a skilful Geographer and Navigator, and of
Continenon the other Side, which Boldness, Art and Resolution would soon Discover. He 1st proposes his undertaking to the Genoese, and then to John King of Portugal; but being deny'd, He applie
Ferdinand and Isabella King and Queen of Spain, who after 5 Years urging, are at last prevailed upon to furnish him with; Ships and 90 Men Herera saGa
say, 120.for this great Enterprize; which throug
Western World, I shall chiefly fill our final Section with the principal and gradual Discoveries and Plantations there, till
1st Discover the North Eastern Part we now call NEW-ENGwith the most material Hints of the Rise and Progress of that Reform'd Religion, which at length Produc'd its present Settlement.
N. B. We still begin with the famous Iulian Year, viz. wiIan. 1, which I think the whole Christian World observes, exSouth Part of Britain.
THE New-England CHRONOLOGY
PART I.
FROM The Beginning of the BRITISH MONARCHY, in the Accession of King JAMES, the First Monarch of GReAT BRITAIN. March 24, 1602, 3.
TO The Beginning of the NEW ENGLISH COLONIES, in the Settlement of the First at PLIMOUTH, Dec. 31. 1620.
Being a Brief Account of Matters relating to those new discovered Countries while settled only by the Aboriginal Natives: Reciting the several VOIAGES from England ThiGreat Britain, that led the Way to their Settlement by English Inhabitants.
Seven Great Periods of Time, from the CREATION, to the Beginning of the BRITISH EMDiscovery of that INDIAN SHOAR which is soon to be the Theater of our Chronology; a New Face of Things appears both to the Wes
Parts of EUROPE and the Eastern of AMERICA. For tho' 110 Years are elapsed, since the N
became known to the Old; yet neither the French, Dutch, nor English, nor any but Spaniards, have made any effectual Settlement in these New-found Regions And as the Gold and Silver Mines had drawn the Spaniards to the Southern and Wester
Quarters; I cannot find, at this Point of Time, so much as one European Family in all the vast Extent of Coast from Florida to Gr
That the next Year after COLUMBUS's Discovery, the POPE was pleas'd to give the Crown of SPAIN the Sole Title to all the Lands lying above 100 Leagues West from the Meridian of the Azores: the Bull was Sign'd at Rome, May 4. 1493: Bull in Purchas and Harris.Europe, as scarce any tho't but he had a Right to Give them. Within 30 Years indeed, the Reformation coming on, began to open the Eyes of many; yet both England Scotland, Ireland, France, and the Netherlands, were so fully engaged for near 4 score Years, with their own internal Broils about Religion, as well as mutual Wars on this and other Accounts, that they had neither Power nor Leisure to attend to Foreign Settlements.
But in 1598, FRANCE was quieted with the Edict of Nants in April; and by a Peace in May, with Philip King of Spain and Portugal. Just before Queen Elizabeth Died the Disturbances in IRELAND were quell'd; and she expires in Peace with all the Princes and States in Europe, except Philip King of Spain, and Arch-Duke Albert Sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands. And King Iames, as King of SCOTLAND, being then in Amity with all the World; upEnglish Throne, the 2 British Crown become united on Him; and, as King of ENGLAND, He soon leaves the Dutch to defend themselves, and conclude a Peace with King Philip and Arch-Duke Albert. So theWestern Powers of Europe are in Tranquility; except the War continued between the Dutch on one side, and the King of Spain with the Arch-Duke on the other.
The French and English being thus at Liberty, begin to look more seriously now than ever, to the New-found World First they send to Fish and Trade, and then to Settle: the FRENCH to Canada and Acadia; the ENGLISH to South and North Virginia, Newfoundland & Bermudas. For the Engli
at this Time extend VIRGINIA, from Florida to the Bay Fundy, divide it into South and North: and the NORTH:
Canada; and then by the ENGLISH and B
from mere secular Views. But such a Train of Crosses accompany these Designs of both the Nations, that they seem to give it over as not worth the Planting: till a Pi
not There allowed to Worship their MAKER according to His Institutions ONLY, without the Mixture of Humane Ceremonies, are spirited to attempt the Settlement; that Here they might enjoy a Worship purely Scriptural and leave the same to their Posterity. And they succeeding, open the way for the following Colonies.
In this FIRST PART, I shall therefore Recount, as well the most material Events in Great Britain, wherewith they were chiefly affected before their leaving it; as the several Voyages and Attempts to Settle these long neglected Shoars, till their Arrival in 1620: Keeping a particular Eye on those remarkable Steps of Providence that led to this happy Enterprize; and not omitting the Primary Settlements of the Neighbouring Countries.
In the Engl
History, besides a number of an
Printed within this Period, and which I found in an old broken up Library in England; I chiefly follow Howes
Howes's Continuation of Stow in Folio, Printed, 1631; as also Howes's Abridgment, in Octavo, Printed 1618, wherein are several Remarkables not mention'd in the Folio.
Tuller. In the Voyages and Attempts of Settlement; I chiefly make use of Purchas, Smith and Gorges, who liv'd in the Times they wrote of, and the Two last personally interested in those Affairs. Harris omitting many valuable Accounts of these Parts of the World preserv'd in Purchas, and Purchas being more of an Original, I preBradford's MaHistory of that Church and Colony, in Folio, who was with them from their Beginning to the End of his Narrative; which is now before me, and was never Published.
Words of my Authors, as I have in the last great Section of the Introduction, that the Reader may conceive them as speaking in their several Articles.
As for the RISE of these Plimouth-Planters; Governour Bradford informs us in the following Terms,
That several Religious People near the joining BNotinghamshire, Lincolnshire & Yorkshire, finding their Pious MINISTERS urged with SUBSCRIPTION,
i. e. Subscription to the Books of Common Prayer, Cereand all the Articles (Fuller)Commissary Courts, Apparitors, and Pursevants, which they bare sundry Years with much Patience; till they were occasioned by the Continuance and Increase of these Troubles, and other Means, to see further into these Things by the Light of the Word oGOD
Ceremonies were unlawful; but also tLordly and Tyranous Power of the Prelates, who would, contrary to the Freedom of the Gospel, load the Consciences of Off
were unlawful; being such as have no Warrant in the Word of GOD, but the same that were used in Popery, and still retained Upon which, This People shake off this Yoke of Antichristian Bondage They are Gov. Bradf's Words, as are all the rest in this Citation, and He seems to call this, Antichrisas He judged the Inventions of Men in Worship imposed on the Conscience, to be a Bondage bro't into the Cby the Papal Policy and Power, against the S
LORD's Free People, join themselves by Covenant into a Church-State, to walk in all his Ways, made known, or to be made known to them, according to their best Endeavours, what
Governour Bradford's History takes no notice of the Yea
of this Federal Mort
in his Memorial, places it in 16
oW
or from Oral Conthem or o
of the 1st Planters; with some of whom he was co
And these are the Christian People who were the Founders of Plimouth Church and Colony: who seem to be some of the 1st in England, that Liberty wherewith the DIVINE AUTHOR of our Religion has made us Free, and observe his Institu
as their ONLY RULE in Church-Order, Discipline & Worship: for which they dearly suffered & left their Native Country, and who laid the 1st Foundation of the New England Settlements. But we shall hear no more of them till 1606, when under all their Sufferings they grow into Two Congregations. And that the Reader may have some Idea of the PURITANS so often mentioned in the Histories of those Times, and from whom this People derive, I shall only relate the Definitio
which Dr. Fulk, a famous Church of England Writer, has given us of them; They are called PURITANS, says he, who would have the Church thorowly Reformed. i. e. Purged from all those Inventions, which have been bro't into it since the Age of the Apostles, and reduced intirely to the Scripture-Purity.
But I Begin with the Voyages of Others. And tho' the First I mention seems to commence a few Days before Queen Elizabeth Died; yet the Reader will quickly see the Ship leaves not the Shoar of Britain, till above a Fortnight after.
Bristol Men, by Leave of Sir Walter Raleigh, send Capt. Martin Pring, with a small Ship of 5Wil
with a Bark of 26 Tuns, 13 MeKing-Road
King-Road is near Brist
in E
April 10, They sail from Milfor
In Iune, They fall with the MainCoas
and a Multitude of Islands in 43 Deg. and 3South Side in 41 Deg. and 25Bay and excellent Harbour, make a Barrica do, stayIuly, e. the Bark goes homewardAug. 8 or 9, the Ship sets sail, and arrivKing-Road again Oct. 2. Purc
Mar. 31. K. JAMES Proclaimed at E
King of Scotland, England, France, and Ir
Cald
Apr. 3. Lords-Day, He declares in the Great Church at Edinburgh; that as GOD has promoted Him to a greater Power, He must endeavour to estaChurch & Kingdom in that State which hCald
Petric.
Apr. 5. K. JAMES sets out from Edinburgh
Cald
Howes.
May, 7 Enters London
Howes.
London
Oxford, in their Answer Printed Petition was exMinisters of the Church of England, out of 2Eng
& the 12 in Wales, Present him a Petition, desiring R
of certain CAbr
of the Book which the Ministers of Dec 1. 16
List oCounties: vLondon, 57 in Essex, 71 in millenary Petition.
May 10. Bartholomew Gilbert, in a Bark of 50 TunsPlim
to sColony lSouth Virginia Iune, 16, arrives at St. Lu ia: 17, at Dominica: 19, at M
: Thence sails for South Virginia: But Friday July, 29 Landing near CHESEPICC BAY, the Capt. anIndians: the Rest seRatcliff near London in the En
of S ptember. (ps)
June 4 A Grace passes in the University of Cambridge: that whoever shall Publickly opposDoctrine oDiscipline of the Church of England, or anipso Facto, be excluded from having any D
and DepOxford, in their Answ
Printed T
in
16Petition was ex
Holland ▪ France, Spain, Arch-Duke Albert &c. (hs.
Ri
July. Sir Walter Raleigh & others apprehended and committed to the Tower. (hs
Ri
July 25 Monday K. Iames, with his Queen, Crown'd at Westminster. (sp. hs)
Sept. 21. Sir Walter Raleigh and others Indited o(hs)
Nov. 10. Thursday, Sir Walter Raleigh, and 5 others, Remov'd from the ToweWinchester,
Ri
inaccurately places this on Nov. 4Grey and
were reNov 12, CWin
17, arraign'd and decl(sp. hs) and Decemb. 15, Return'd to the Tower oLondon (hs)
Dec. 22 From D
23, last Year, to this day, Died
Plague in London 30,578: and of all Diseases 38hs
Ri
London is cleall the Shires in Englan
Dec. 27Cartwright, Dies in England, a(fl) and Fuller says, He was most Pious
S
Latinist, accurate Grecian, exact Hebrician. (fl)
Jan. 14. SAturday, the CONFERENCE in the PriIames and the Bishops Party only: wherein He tells themPuritans, yet since He was
Barlow, Dean of C
his sum of the Conference, Printed in Quarto,
16Conf
viAug. 1590, solemnly Praised GOD that He was Born to be King of such a Church, the Purest in the World, & that the Service of the Church of Engla
was an ill said M
in Engl
Jan. 16 Monday, the 2d Conference between the King, and both the Bishops and Puritan ParAgents for the mil
are Dr. Reynolds, Dr. Sparkes
K
and Mr. Chaderton: And tho' They are willing to conform and subscribe according to Law,
Act of Parliament requT
which ONLY concern the Confession of the true C
(Keeble) anWhitgi
extendall the Arti
occasioPuritans enduredI will have One Doctrine, and One Discipline, One Religion in Substance and in Ceremony: Tells the Lords and Bishops again, He had liv'd among such sort of Men as the Puritans, ever since he was 10 Years old; but might say of Himself as CHRIST, Tho' I liv'd among them, I was never of them; nor did any thing make me more to de
Puritans: Fmain
wPopery, was aby his Soul, He believ'E
was a Bishop: says, that a Scottish Presbytery as well agrees with Monarchy, as GOD and the Devil: at his Going away, says to some, If this b
and One of the Lords said, He was fully perM
spake by the Instinct of the SPIRIT OF GOD. (db)
Jan. 18. Wednesday, the 3d and last Day's Conference (1st) between the King and Bishops Party only: wherein the King Defends the High Commission, with Subscription to all the Articles and Common Prayer Book, as also the Oath ex Officio: and tho' One of the Lord's Council were High C
were like the Spanish Inquisition, wherein Men are urg'd to subscribe more than the Law requir'd, and that by the O
they were enI
HANG'D: the Lords and tRest stood amaz'd at his MajWhitgist
Un
GOBancro
Bp. of London, upLords with one Voice did yield a very affectionR
and his Ass
were call'd in: and tho' they intreated that the Cross in Baptism and Sur
might not be urg'd upon some honest, Godly and pBishop should set a Time, and if they wou'd not yield, whatsoever they were
Either let them Conform, and that shortly, or they shall hear of it. (db)
King's and B
DPurit
and what little FaOther.
Jan. 31. K Iames issues a Writ for a Convocation of the PCanterbury to meet before Arch-BishWhitgist as President at St. Paul's ▪ London
March, 20 Book
Printed in QLondon, 1616.
Feb. 29. Wednesday, Arch Bishop Whitgist Dies, AEt 73 (
Borlow says, that not many Days before He was stricken, He most earnestParliament which is to meet on March 19.
Mar 5. K. Iames issues a Proclamation; that the same Religion with Common Prayer, and Episcopal
shall fully and only bElizabeth
(hs)
Howes Abridgment Richard B
wrongly Place This in the following Year.
Mar. 9. The Arch-Bishop being Dead, K. Ia
issues a 2d Writ, for the Convocation to appear before Dr. Bancroft, Bishop of London, as Precn)
Mar. 19. K. Iames's 1st Parliament meets, at Westminister (hs.
Keeble.
Puri
to be a sect unable to be suffer'd in any well Govern'd Common Wealth; acknowRoman Church to be ou
altho' defil'd with some Infirmities and Corruptions; professes He wou'd be content to meet Her in the mid way; and that since hiPapists that He had aIames's Speech, Printed in Quarto, London 1604
Mar. 20. Convocation meets at St Paul's Londo
before Bishop Ba
President. (cn)
Apr. 12. And Iune, 25, K. Iames issues his Letters Patents, to impower the Convocation to agree on such Ecclesiastical Canons as they shou'd think fit: they accordingly draw up a Book of 14Canons, and desire the King's assent to them which he Grants, confirming the said Canons, and commanding the same to be observed both in the ProvincCanterbury and York. (cn)
Iames
Puritan Ministers,
Bancroft, in his Letter to the BishopDec. 18. 1604last of November
Certain Demands, &c, Printed in QuBancroft, in his Letter to the BishopDec. 18. 1604
Aug. 18. Articles of Peac
and Commerce Concluded at London, with the King of Spain and Arch-Duke Albert
London 1605August 19, Lordsday, King Iames swares to the said Articles; and AfPeace Proclaim'd (
Sept. 20 Ostend surrendered by the Dutch to the Spaniards, having been besieg'd fIune, 25, 1601: and During the Siege, there Died in the City 72,900 Persons, and many more of the Spanish Besiegers without it Ca
Oct 24 K. Iames Proclaimed King of Great-Britain. (hs)
Dec 10 Dr Bancroft Bishop of London, TranslCa
who drives on Conformity very fiercely thro' all his Province (fl)
Dec. 18. Arch Bishop Bancroft writes a Letter to the Bishops of his Province: wherein He calls the Puritan Ministers Disobedient, Obstinate &c: Requires that none be admitted to EcclesiastiSubscriptio
; and toDeprive those who arsubscribe according to the Canons.
Bancroft, in his Letter to the BishopDec. 18. 1604
LOrd's-day, Capt. George Wey
with 29 Persons, Downes (ps) being employ'd by the Lord Arundel of Wardor, for the Discovery of a N. W. PEast Indies. But falling shFerd
GovernoIsland & P
in Narration, &c.Tuesday, May. 14Deg and 30 Min N, in the midst of dangerous Rocks and Shoals: upon which He puts off to SeaFryday May
Island, anchors on the North side, lands and calls it GEORGE's Island
Lord's-day, May, 19, weighs and sails to another Island, 3 Leagues nearer the MainPentecost Harb
; and the next day, goes ashoar in the Shallop. Thursday, May, G
and the next day Returned.
doubtTuesday, June, 11, goes up the River in his Ship, 26 miles; says 'tis Half a mile wide, for 40 miles into the Country. Thursday, June, 13, sails in his Shalwestern Branch of the River, and sets up a Cross. Friday
Rock in the mLat. 43 Deg 20 min. and the Variation 11 Deg.
Lord's-day, June, 16, Thursday, July, 18, arrives at Dartmouth (ps)
F. Gorges, says, Capt. Weym
bro't Thence 5 Natives; and happening to put into Plimouth, Sir Ferdinand then Governour There, receiv'd 3 of them, viz. Manida, Sketwarroes and Tisquantum, and kept them full 3 Years.
Apr. 8. Mr. Iohn Stow, being 80 Years Old, a laEnglish Annals, for 47 Y. is Buried, and Howes continues them (hs)
July 2. Tu
the General Assembly of the Church of S
meeting at Aberdeen; the King's Commissioner presents them a Letter from the Lords of the Council requiring them to dissolve without appointing another Assembly: How ever, according to Custom, they appoint aSept, 24, and then dissolve: For which the Council sends Mr. Iohn Forbes the Moderator and 13 other Ministers to se(cl pr)
Oct. 13. Lord's day, B
Dies at Geneva
Continuati
Melch Ada
Melch Ada
Peta
mistakes in saying Oct. 25; and Alsted, in placing his Death in 1600.
Nov. 1. The Names being taken of the Puritan Ministers Depriv'd, under Admonition and deBishopricks no acPreach'd in the Ch
10, some 20, some 30 Years, some more: and till now, in some Churches, the Ceremonies
disu
for 10 Years, in others 20, in others 30, in others more. Certain Reasons why the Prea
Printed in those Times.
Nov. 5. Tuesday, at 3 this morning, the GUNPOWPapists, by Blowing up the Parliament, who were to meet this DayDiscourse of the Treason, Quar. Printed by the King'Calvisius wrongly placesp. hs) and when the Blast was made, it was to be charg'd on the Puritans.
Benj. Hubbard's Sermo SeculaLondon, 1648.
Nov. 9. Saturday, K. Iames comes to Parliament, and makes a Speech; (hs) wherein He Cautions them against Judging rashly of the Roman Ca
in General; says that many among them may remain Good and faithful Subjects; but detesting and thinking the Cruelty of Pu
worthy of Fire, that will admit no SalPapist.
Iames's SpeechLondon, 16
Jan. 10. THough 'twas commonly tho't the DeliPopish Powder Plot wou'd have mov'd the King to desist from troubling Ministers in England for NonconScotland for standing to their confirmed LiberModerator and 5 other of the imprisoned MiS
are arraigLithgow, for Declining the Jurisdiction of the Council in Ecclesiastical matters: and after deal of tampering, flattering, threatning &Guilty: upon which they are ordered into closer Ward, and none allow'd Access to them (cl. pt) and Feb 5Edinburgh, that none speak agDeath. (cl)
Sir Iohn Popham Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, prevails on many Lords and oIames for the settling two Plantations on the main Coasts of America: upon which, (gr)
Apr. 10. K, Iames, by Patent Divides VIRGINIA into 2 Colonies: the SOUTHERN call'd the First Colony, between 34 and 41 Deg North, HLondon Company: the NOTHERNSecond Colony, between 38 and 45 Deg North, He Grants to the Plimouth Com
; Forbidding both to Plant within a 100 Miles of each other; and Giving each Colony, a Council of 1(ps)
May 21. K. Iames writes to Mr Iames and Andrew Melvin and 6 other principal Presbyterian MiScotland, to come to him before Sept. 15, to treat with them for the Peace of the Church There: This being the Pretence; bEpiscopacy may be advanc'd in Scotland. (cl)
b. Parliament of Scotland meets at Perth: which against the Protestation of the ComissiBishops to their ancienScotland Preached these 46 Years, and cont(cl)
July Sir Edward Coke made Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in England. (hs)
Aug. 12. Tuesday, Lord Chief Justice Popham, Sir F. Gorges, and some others of the Plimouth Com
send Capt. Henry Challons (ps) a brave Gentleman Praesid
and Council's Relation of the Discovery and Plantation of Ne
Printed in Quarto London, 1622Plimouth, in a Ship of 5English, with Mannido and Assecomoit 2 of the 5 Savages bro't last Year from a goodly River thrice discover'd by Him in NORTH VIRGINIA, in 43 Deg. 20 N; to make a furMedeiras, St. Lu
and thence towards North Virginia; on Nov. 10, He is taken (ps) by the Spanish Fl
of 8 Ships (ps) coming from the Havana (gr) who carry Him into Spain (ps. gr)
Shortly afterCapt. Challons's Departure from Plimouth, the Lord Chief Justice sends another
Ship
Bri
under Thomas Hanam Commander and Martin Prinn Master, with more supplies to second Capt. Challons: But not finding Capt. Challons There, they Return to England. (pc)
F. Gorges says, the said Prinn makes a perfect Discovery of all those Rivers and Harbours, & brings the most exact Account of that Coast that ever (gr)
Aug e. The 8 Scots Ministers which the King had wrote to, being arriv'd at London, are there Detained, without any Reason but the King's Pleasure: and S
30, are by His Majesty oblig'd to hear Dr. King Preach a most virulent InPresbyteries; Crying to the King Down, Down with them. (cl)
Oct. b. The King orders the 6 condemned Ministers in Scotland to be Banish'd his Dominions all their Days, and the other 8 imprisoned There, to be confin'd in several Places remote from their former Dwellings. (cl)
The Purely Reformed
Church in the North of England, by reason of the Distance of their Habitations, are obliged to Assemble in two several Places & become two distinctChurches In One, besides several of Note, is Mr. Iohn Smith, a Man of able Gifts and a good Preacher, who is chosen their Pastor: But these afterwards Going over into the Low Countries, and falling into errors; There, for the most part Bury themselves and their Names. But in the OTHER CHURCH, (the Subject of our Chronology) besides several
Richard C
a Preacher, and the Famous Mr. Io
who is afterwards their Pastor foWilliam Bre
a ReElder, and lives with them till OBradford's History in Manuscript.
Dec. 20. Saturday, The London Company send forth Capt. Christopher Newport, with a Ship of 100 Tuns, another of 40, and a Pinace of 20London, but 1st to the West India Islands. (ps)
Mar. 3. ONE of the Scots Ministers at London alApril 26, Lord's day, the King'sCouncil send Mr A Melvin to the TowEpigram upon the Altar in the King's Chappel: and May, 6, the other 6 Scots Minist
at London order'd to be confin'd in several Places in the 2 Kingdoms, for no other Pretence than that they had not given the King Satisfaction in the Questions He proposed to them about his own arbitrary Power inChurch Matters. (cl)
Apr. 26. Capt. Newport Descries South
Enters CHESIPEAK BAY, and lands. April, 29. He Names the Southern PointCape Henry. May, 13, they Chuse Mr. Edward Wingfield Praesident for 1 Year. May, 14, Land all their
Iune, 22, Capt Newport sails for England
Aug 22, Dies in this SouthBarth ▪ Gosnold, the 1st MoSept. 11, Praesident Wingfield displaced by his Council, and Iohn Ratcliff chosen Praesident (ps)
May 21. Thursday, Dr. Iohn Reynolds. King's ProOxford, Dies There (hl. fl) AE atis 58. He had been Dean of Lincoln, but exchang'd it for the Praesidentship of C. C. Col. Oxon (fl) and Fuller says, He was acquainted with all Arts and Sciences; most excellent in all useful Tongues; had read over all Writers, Profane, Ecclesiastical, Divine; Councils, Fa(fl) and the Chief of the Puritans at the Hampton Court Conference. (
May Pli
Adventures send forth Capt Georg
as PRawley Gilbert, as Admiral Iohn Smi
Ships and 100 Landmen (pc) who then set sail from Plimouth,
Aug 11, they fall with Monahigan: F. Gorges says, three Ships, and that they arAugust 8. (gr)Sagadehook, 9 or 10 Leagues to the South wIohn Smi
Thomas Brightman, Rector of Haunes in Bedfordshire, Dies, about the 51st Year of his Age, (fl) and Fuller saysComment in most pure Latin on the Canticles and Revelations; He always carry'd a Greek Testament with Him, Read it out every Fortnight
Cer
; his daily Discourse against Episcopal Government; and was never known to be mov'd with Anger. (fl)
THOMAS LAD, a Merchant of Yarmouth, havHigh Commission, coOath twice, before the Bishop's Chancellor of Norwich, to certain ArNew Oath, without sight of his forPetition exhibited to the House of Commons, and refusing the Oath Ex Officio, to answer to cerCommissioners at Lambeth, and cou'd not be Bail'd: Both Prisoners are now bro't to the Bar, upon the Writ of Habeas Corpus; where Mr NICHOLAS FULLER, an honest Man and an eminent Lawyer Pleaded, that they ought to be discharg'd; by an Argument to prove, that thEc
have no Legal Power to put the Oath Ex Officio, nor I
nor Fine any of his Majesty's Subjects For which Arch-Bishop Bancroft Gets this
Prison, and Prosecute(sl)
Fuller mentions not the Year of this Prosecution; yet by the Preface to the Lawyer's Argument, Printed in Quarthis Year, in Holland, it ap
This F
Mr. ROBINSON's Church in the North of England, being ex(B)
NeaWinter, CN
arrives at SOUTH-VIRGINIA, with this Winter, Iames-Town catch(ps)
Dec. 15. The 2 English Ships sail from SAGADE(gr) with all their Company, except 45, for England. (sm)
THIS Winter, Extream Cold, both in Europe and North America ▪ (ps gr) and in the midst thereof (pc) the Store-House, most of the Pro(gr) and Lodgings at SAGADEHOCK are Burnt; which exceedingly distresses the Peothis Winter old Capt. Popham, their Praesident Dies, in this North Plantation, the only one of the Company that Dies There; and Capt. Rawley Gilbert succeeds as Praesipc)
Upon the Ships Arrival in England from SAGADEHOCK, L. Ch. Justice Popham orders the
Council of Plimouth to send them back with Supplies (gr)
The Spring approaching Capt. Newport sails from SOUTH VIRGINIA for England; and Capt. Nelson arrives at Iames-Town: These 2 Ships bring near 100 Men, and 120 Persons. (ps)
Feb. 25. Mr. Murray Minister of Leith in Scotland, having been committed to the CaEdi
for opposing the Ri(cl)
This Spring, more of Mr. ROBINSON'S Church, thro' great Difficulties from their Pursuers, get over to HRobinson and Mr. Br
; who are of the last, having TarAmsterdam; and stay There a Year: where Mr. Smith and his Church had gotten before them. (B)
This Spring, By the Lord Chief Iustice's Order (gr) Two Ships are furnish'd with (sm) and as they aDeath
F. Gorges says, the Lord C
Death sudPraesident. (gr)
(gr) not long after the Death of Praesident Popham (sm)
Soon after these Ships sail'd from England
Iohn Gilbert Dies, and leaves his younger Brother Ra
F. Gorges's Printer mistakes in naming Him Ralp
Gilb
his Heir; (gr) & Sir Francis Popham, Son to the Lord Chief Justice, with some of the Adventurers, send a new Sup(pc) and this Ship also arrives at SAGA(sm) By these Ships the Plantation being inform'd 1st of the Death of Lord Chief Iustice Popham and then of Sir Iohn Gilbert; (sm) and Capt. Gilbert the Praesident being oblig'd to go home and take care of the Estate his Brother left Him; the whole Colony brakes up and Returns with Him (gr) this Year to England: And thus this Plantation Begins an(sm) brand the Country as over Cold and not Habitable by our Nation; and the Adventurers Give over their Design. (gr)
After this, Sir Francis Popham sendWilliams (sm) divers Times to this Coa(pc) and Sir F. Gorges also sends Vines with a Ship to Fish, Trade and Discover, for some Years together, and hires Men to stay the Winter, wherein the Plague rag'd among the Indians (gr) [which I suppose is the Winter 1616, 17],
But upon theColony's Braking up, the French settle themselves within our Limits. (pc)
Tuesday, a General Ass
meeLi
in Scotland, intreats the King, as several Presbyteries and Synods hMinisters their Licl)
This Year, Capt. Iohn S
sails up the RiSept. 10, He receives from England Letters Patent, to be Praesident: And now, it seems that Capt. Newport arriEngland, leaves 200 in all the Colony. (ps)
MR.
Robinson's CHURCH having stay'd at Amsterdam about a Year; seeSmith and his Company was fallen into Contention with the Church that waRobinson and Church prudently foreseeing; they think it best to Remove in Time, before they were any way engaged with the same: tho' they knew it wou'd be very much to the PrejuRemove to LEYBeginning of the 12 Years Truce between the Dutch & Spaniards. Chuse Mr. BREWSTER assistant to Him in the Place of an Eld
; and there live in great Love & Harmony both among themselvesEleven Years, till they Remove to NEW-ENGLAN(B)
Baylie and Hornius are Mistaken, in representing that Mr Smith set up his Church at L
; when it was to avoid Him & his Company, that Mr Robinson and his Church Removed from Amsterdam to Leyden. And by several PassagBradford's Manuscript, it seems, as if they B
to Remove to L
at the end of 1608. C
Apr. 9. The Dutch agree to the Twelve Years Tru
with the King of Spain and Arch-Duke Albert (c)
May. King Iames Establishes the East India Com(
The Council for SOUTH VIRGINIA having mov'd the King to call in theirCommission, and RTh mas West Ld de la War, General of the Colony; Sir Thomas Gates, his Lieutenant; Sir Ge
Admiral; Sir Thomas Dale High Marshal; Sir Ferdinand Wainman General of the Horse; and Capt N
Vice-Admiral. (sm)
May 15. Sir Thomas Gates and Vice-Admiral Newport, sail with 7 Ships from Woolwich for SOUTH VIRGINIA: May 20, arrive at Plimouth, where Sir George Somers joins them with a Ketch and a Pinnace: Friday, Iune 2, they all sail, with 500 People, (ps) Men, Women and Children (hs) from Plimouth: and Iune 8, from Falm
Iohn Bourcher brings the making of Alome, to Perfection in England (hs)
Samuel A
arSturgeon (ps) who now 1st discovers the direct PasEngland Thither, and not to Go by the West-Indies, as before. (hs)
July 24 Monday, the South Virginia Fleet crossing the Gulf of Bahamas, a most vehement Storm separates them. Iuly, 28, Friday, Sir George Somers descries BERMUDAS; from Him therefore call'd the Somer-Islands; is forc'd to Run the Ship ashoar; and in their Boats, all get safe to Land; being 150 Men, Women and Children: and there they Live till May following; Sir Thomas Gates and Vice-Admiral Newport beps) Shipwrack bringing the Bermudas to the speciEnglish, proves the Occasion of their Settling and Possessing them.
Aug. 11. Four other Ships of the Fleet arrive at SOUTH-VIRGINIA: a few days after, 2 more; and after this the Pinnace. And Capt. Smith, the Praesident, being exceedingly Burnt with Powder, and the new Comers setting up against Him (pr) about Sept. 29, He sails for England (sm) and they Chuse Mr, Francis West PGeorge Piercy Pps)
This Summer, Mr. Henry Hudson an English
Dutch, searching for a N. W. PassEast Indies, sails to Newfoundland, and all along the Coast, to Cape-Cod
Virginia, as far as 3; Deg
Oct. 9 Iames A
ProfessLeyden Dies Acta synod Dordrec.
Calvisii.
Conradus Vorstius call'd to supply his Place.Acta synod Dordrec.
Nov. b. At the King's Direction, the Council oScotland confine Mr. Fairfull, Minister of Dumserling, during the King's Pleasure; only for Praying for the distresscl)
Mr. NICHOLAS FULLER, who was cast into Prison by Arch Bishop Bancroft in 1607, for Pleading in Defence of his Clients, against the Power of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, iArch-Bishop kept in Prison: many were his Petitions to the King for Enlargement, But the Arch-Bishop preacquainted the King and represented to Him, that this Lawyer was the Champion of the Nonconformists: So that He lay in Prison till He Died this Yearfl)
Dec. 21. Mr. William Ames, Fellow of Christ's College in Cambridge, Preaches in St. Mary's aCards and Dice: at which maStates of Friesland not long after Chuse Him Prof
of Divinity in their University of Franeker.
Thomas Fuller places this abouThomas's day, which is Dec. 21; yet by Publishing his Puritanismus Anglicanus at Franc
in 1610, I chuse to place this Preaching on Dec. 21. 1609, rather than 1610.
High Commissio
in Scotland; under the Arch-Bishops of St. Andrews and Glasg
and over their several Provinces: which Commission puts the King in PScots Bish
are become Patrons of B(cl)
Feb. 28. The Lord Del
has his Patent seal'd by the South Vi
Company, to be Lord Governor and Capt General of all the ColoMarch 24 He s ils with 3 Ships and 150 MA
c(hs)
Apr. 27. King Iames GranHowes sets the Date of the Patent on May, 2, thiPurchas, who recites the Pat
Iune, they send Mr JOHN GUY, as Governor, with 39 Persons: who arrives There; Begins the ColoConception Bay; and There Wintersps)
May Thursday, the French Queen Crown'd at Paris, (hs
Petavius.
Henry the IV her Lc.
Petavius.
Pointer.
Lewis XIII, Reigns: (c) But thRegen
during her Son's minority. (Petavius.
hs)
May 10. Sir Thom
Sir George Somers and Vice Admiral N
sail from Bermudas in
two Men, who refus'd to come aboard them: Munday May 21. they descry South Virginia, sail into Chesepiak Bay, and find Mr. George Piercy Praesident: Wednesday May 23, they anchor and land at Iames Town, with aSmith went away, reEngland: and on June 7, the whole Company gets aboard, leaves JAMES TOWN, and sails down the River. [And thus the FIRST COLONY there Brakes up.] But the next da
the Lord Delaware from England, meets them: upon which they return and land at the Towps)
June 10. Lords-day, the Lord Delaware arriveShips and 150 Men, at Iames
lands, and takes upon Him the GovernIune 19, Sir G Sommers and Capt. Arga
sail from Iames Town for BERMUDAS for Pro(ps)
June. Another Ship, with 20 Men and a yearDelaware from England, for South Virginia. (hs)
July 15. Sir T. Gates sails for England: and Iuly 16, Sir G. Sommers and Capt Argal
Iuly 26, for SAGADEIuly 29, Capt Argal comes to a Rocky Island, in 43 Deg & 40 N lands upon it, finds great store of Seels, and calls it Seel-Rock: Aug. 14, shapes his Course for Cape-Cod; to the back side of which He
Aug. 19, in 41 Deg. 50 min. finds the Variation N. 13 deg. W: Margin of Purchas, 'tis N. 15 Deg. W.Aug. 27, anchors in 9 Fathom, in a very great Bay; the Southern Cape of which, is in 38 & 20N: Bay since calDelaware-B
August 31Charles, the N. Cape of Chesepiack Bay. Sir G. Sommers also sails, first to Sagadehock, then to Bermudas; where he DiesPinace returns to England, leaving three Men behind them(ps.)
Octob. 21. By the King's Commission, the Bishop
of London, Ely, Worcester and Rochester, conseScottish Bishops in the Bp of London'Iohn Spotswood—A Bp. of Glasgow, Mr Gawen Hamilton,— Bp of Galloway, anAndrew Lamb, — Bp of Breechin. (hs)
Nov. 2 Rich Bancroft, A. Bp of Canterbury, Dies. (sl)
Dec. 31. The King, by Proclamation, Dissolves his first Parliament. (hs. bk)
(B) and This Year, comes out — a Iustification of Seperation from theChurch of England, by JOHQuarto
; which is doubtless Printed at Leyd
about this Time, and the follo
many come to his C
at Leyden, from diverse Parts of England; so as they grow a Great Congregation.this Year, Dr. AMPuritanismus Anglicanus, in LatinOctavo, at Francfort in Germany (Lib. ipse)
THis Winter f
of the English Die ps)
Thomas Dale, sails foS
300 People, 12 Kine, 20 Goats, and all things needful for the Colony (hs)
Mar. After 8 Months Illness there, L. Delaware sails in Capt. Argal for England; leaving upGeorge Piercy his Dep Gov. 'till SirT. Dale arrives; whosePower is also to end upon Sir T. Gates's arrival. (ps)
This Year, Mr Edward Harlie and Nicholas Hobson sail to North Virginia (ps) and of this Voyage I suppose it is that Capt. Smith writes, that the Earl of South Hampton and those of the Isle of Wight, employ Capt. Edward Har
to discover an Isle suppos'd about Cape Cod: But falling with Monahigan, they detained three Savages, viz Pechmo, Monopet and Pekenimne: But Pechmo leap'd overboard and got away. Not far from thence, they had three Men sorely wounded with Arrows: and anchoring at the Isle of Nohono, the Savages in their Canows assault the Ship, 'till the English Guns make them retire; yet Here they take Sakaweston: and at Capawe they take C
& Epenow. But at Agawam, the Natives use them morSavages they returEngland: But of Plantations, there a(sm)
April 9 Tuesday, Dr. George Abbot, Bp of London transferr'd to the Archbishoprick of Canterbury (hs) and Fuller says, He was not much belov'(fl.)
May 10. Sir T. Dale arrives at S. VIRGINIA, with his 3 Ships and 300 People &c. in 8 Week
ps) Toward the end of May, Sir T Gates sails from England thither, with 3 Ships and 3 Carvells, 280 Men, 20 Women, 200 Kine, as many Swine &c. (hs) and Aug. 1, or 2, arrivesThere, with his 6 Ships, 300 People &c. (ps)
[SOUTH VIRGINIA being thus Settled, I shall leave their History.]
May 22. K. Iames begins the order of Baronets; and this Day, creates 18. Salmon.
May e. Mr. Stratoun, Minister of Forress in Scotland, warded in the Castle of Inn
for Preaching against the state of Bishops. (cl)
Nov. Vorstius order'd to retire from Leyden, to his House at Tergou. (pa)
This Year, the New Version of the BIBLE into English, finished by 47 Translators. (fl)
THe Curators of the University of Leyde
call Simon Episcopius to be Professor of Divinity There, against the mind of Polyander the other Professor, and to the great Grief of the Churches. (pa)
Mar. 3. Bartholomew Legate condemn'd to theFire by the Bps in the ConsistLondon, for Arrianism: March 11, the K issues his Writ to Burn Him (fl) and Wednesday March, 18, He is Burnt in Smithfield (hs. fl.) in a vast con(fl)
Fuller says, that Bp King of London, call'd so many Bpsfl)
Edward Wightman, having been convicted by the Bp of Litchfield of the like or worse Heresies, is There, this day Burnt. Which Executions raising the Compassions of the PeoHereticks should waste away their Lives in Prison. (fl)
The BERMUDAS ISLANDS being within the Limits of VIRGINIA, and theCompany finding Land enough on the Main, sell these Islands to 120 of the same Company; who name them the SOMMER ISLANDS, obtain a Charter, and so hold them of His Majesty, (hs) and
Apr. 28. They send the first Colony Thither, of 60 Persons, under Mr. Richard Moor Gov. There for 3 years, (pr. hs) who now embark in aShip at London, and go down to Gravesend: May, 9 sail from the Downs: Iuly, 11, descry & land at Bermudas: Aug. 2, subscribe to 6 rthis Year, 30 Pas(ps)
June 7. Mr. Guy arrives at NEWFOUNDLAND again: and thi
Capt. Peter Easton, the famous Pirate, comes Thither, with 10 good Ships
W
in his Discourse of Newfoundland, Printed in 4to, London 1622.Conception Bay, besides what he takes in others, mans 6 Ships (ps) and sails to the Streigh
W
in his Discourse of Newfoundland, Printed in 4to, London 1622.Whithourn, by mistake, sets this in 1611: and iShips are part of the 10 and that he came but with 4.this Year, the Newfoundland Colony increases to 60 Persons. (ps)
Hugh Broughton Dies at Totnam High Cross, aet. 63. Light
in his Preface to Mr. Broughton's Works.
In these Times are Great Troubles rais'd by the
Arminians in Holland: In Leyden esArminian Doctrines; the two Divinity Prof
being divided; Episcopius Teaching for 'em, Polyander agoes constantly to hear them both: whereby He is grounded so well in the Controversy, sees the Force of all their ArArmi
and being himself otherwise very asundry Disputes: so as he begins to be Terrible to the Arminian Party (B)
Octob. 16. Parliament of Scotland meets; and still enlarges the King's & Bishops Powers. (cl)
The same Day Frederick, P. Palatine of the Rhine, arrives at Graves
and Lords day, 18, at White H
to marry the Princess Elizabeth, K Iames's only Daughter (hs)
Nov. 6. Fryday, The most hopeful, Henry Prince of Wales, Dies of a malignant Fever; aged 18 years, 8m. 17d (hs bk) and Fuller says, He was never known to have uttered a pro(fl)
LOrds day, the Princess Eliz married to the P. Palatine, (hs. bk) on which day, are Tilting and hs) at Night
Saturday, ApPalatine and Lady set out from White-Hall for Heidelberg. (hs. bk) aHowes says, that during the Palatine's aEngland, He behav'd himself so nobly, thatHe won the Hearts of the wholeNation. (hs)
Mar. 27. Nicholas Guy's Wife deliver'd of a Son at NEWF(ps) which seems to be the first English Child Born There.
June AEngland, atBERMUDAS, a Vessel with 60 Passengers: sometime after, another with 40: two Months after, a 3d, with 100: two Days after a 4th. with 180: and fourteen Days after 2 Frigates, with 160. (sm)
[BERMUDAS being thus Settled, I shall leave their History.]
The Government of S. VIRGINIA, hearing that the French had settled within our Limits, send Capt. Argal to dislodge them: who sailSagadahock, and seizes their Forts at Mount M
St Croix
Port Royal; & carries their Ship & Pinace, Ordnance, Cattle & Provision tIames-Town (sm ps)
Month, nor
of this Expedition, are certified, either by Gorges, Smith or Purchas; yet by comparing them together, it seems to be this Year, and some time between May and the following Winter.
Octob. 25. Monday. LordChief Justice Cook remov'd to the Kings Bench, and made Lord ChieEngland. (hs)
Randal Bates, a Rev. PreachePrison, having lain in the Gate-House
Prelacy and Ceremonies us'd in the Church (bh) and Mr. Cotton saysHering a learned & beloved Physician, earnestly sollicited Bp Neal for hiCotton's Bloody Tenet wash
And
about this Year, it seems, that EPISCOPIArminian Theses at Leyden, which He wou'd defend in Publick against all opposers. Upon which POLYANDER and thCity, desire Mr. ROBINOpposer, as He puts Him to an apparent
in thisGreat & Publick Audience. The same he does a 2d or 3d timeRobinson much Respect & Honour from thosState of England; they would Prefer him otherwise, if he pleas'd, and allow his People some Publick Favour. (B)
Iames Melvin, having suffer'd 7 years Exile at the King's Pleasure, not convict of any Offence, Dies at Berwick the Place of his Confinement: He was one of the wisest DirectorScotland had in his Time: and the King being set upon advancing the State of Bps, call'd Him toCourt, and never suffer'd Him to Return, least He should hinder their Designs. (cl)
Mar. 3. Capt. Iohn Smith, with 2 Ships, and 45 Men and Boys, sails from the Downes for N. VIR(ps) to make Trial of a Mine of Gold and Copper: and if these fail, then to Fish and Trade, carrying Tantum an Indian with him, (sm) April 30, arrives at the Isle Monahigan, (ps) in 43 & 30 N. (sm) where HBoats, in which 37 Men make a great Fishing Voyage, while with 8 Men in a small Boat he ranges the Coasts, & Trades with the Natives (ps) from Penobscut to Sagadehock, Acocisco, Passataquack, Tragabigzanda, call'd Cape Ann; the Massachusetts Isles, on which they say, are 3000 People, fights with 40 or 50 of them, finds two French Ships Smith's first Account of New
Printed in 4to. London. 1616(sm) and made a great Voyage by Trade, Smith's first Account of New
Printed in 4to. London. 1616Accomack, where He also fights & kills some Indians: Thence to Cape Cod, where he sets Tan
ashoar. On the Main, against Monahigan, finds a Ship of Sir Francis Pophams's, which had
sm. 1.) Iuly 18, Capt. Smith sails for England (ps) in the Bark, and leaves the Ship under Tho Hunt Master, to fit for Spain (sm) Aug. 5. Capt Smith puts in at Plimouth (sm. 1.) and in the end of the month, arrives at London (ps) draws a Plat of the Country, & first calls it NEW-ENGLAND. (sm) After Smith le(sm) Hunt gets 20 Indians aPatuxit
Relation of the PPl
in New England, Published by G. Mou
to. London, 1622Squanto (B. Relation of the PPl
in New England, Published by G. Mou
to. London, 1622Squantum or Tisquantu
(B Relation of the PPl
in New England, Published by G. Mou
to. London, 1622W
Good News from New England, Printeto. L
1624.Nausit
Relation of the PPl
in New England, Published by G. Mou
to. London, 1622Malaga, and sells them (sm) for Slaves, at 20 Pound a Man, Relation of the PPl
in New England, Published by G. Mou
to. London, 1622pc. B. Relation of the PPl
in New England, Published by G. Mou
to. London, 1622F. Gor
Esq his America Painted to the Life, Printed in 4to. London, 1659.
[From this time therefore, we shall distinguish N. VIRGINIA by the Name of NEW ENGLAND, and confine the Name VIRGINIA to the SOUTHERN COLONY]
Mar. 4. A Proclamation at Edinburgh, commandLor
on E
following, viz Apr. 24. the PrePopish Recusants; General Ass
in Force against them. (cl)
England Be(
complains of his admitting Papists into his Council, his silencing many watchful and diligent Ministers, and his several Treaties to marry the late P. Henry and present P. Charles with the Daughters of Popish Princes; all which disheartens Pr
and encourage Papists (ec.) and the House of COMMONS beginning to Question Bp Harsenet & Bp N
for offensive Speeches; to save them from the Storm, is supdissolving them (fl) on Iune 7. Upon which the K. imprisons several Members, without Bail or Mainprize, for the Freedom they had taken; and raises Money on his SubjBenevolence. (e
June Some of the Plimouth Company, (pc) viz Sir F Gorges with the Earl of Southampton ComWight, send Capt. Henry H
and Capt. Ho
Edward Harlie and Nicholas Ho
P
S
from Plimouth (ps) for the Isle of CAPA(gr) or Capa
lC
carrying two Indi
vE
and M
I
viEp now, Assa
Epenow told them of, with a Design only to get Home (sm)
Epenow waHunt had carried the Indians away, Mana
Dies, (pc) and Epenow jumps over board & geIndians in 20 Canows attac(gr) and wound the Master of the Shism) Upon which the English Return without doing any thingr) and at this the Western Men are sLondon and Capt Smith at Plimouth in Ianuary next. (sm)
This Summer, Sir Henry Manwaring is Ships. (w. ps)
Jan. THe Virginia Company at London
Ships with Michael Cooper, (ps) who had been Master of the Bark under Capt Smith lasm) to Fish on the Coast of NEW ENGLANDMarch, & making theiSpain, 1 to Virginia to rEngland. (ps)
Jan. Capt Smith goes from London to Plimouth: In March, sails in a Ship of 200 Tuns, with
of 50 (ps) furnished by Sir F. Gorges
Leagues, a great Storm parts HiPlimouth: when leaving his Ship, He gets into a Bark of 6Iune 24, sails again with 30 Men 16 of whom are to Begin the Settlement. AFyal, meets with 2 French Pirates; 1 of 20Flores, 4 French Me
take & carry Him to France. (sm) The other Ship parted from Him in the Storm aNew England in May, made her Voyage, & comes home in Aug (ps)
Mar. 25. A Proclamation at Edinburgh, to celebrate the L's Supper at Easter in all Times coming. (cl)
Apr. 23. Lord's day, George Villars,
Esq sworn Gen(hs) & becomes the K's Favourite: (bk) Aug. 27. 1616, made a Lord: Ian. 5 1616, 7. made Earl; Ian. 1. 1617, 8. Marquess; (hs.
Honores Angl
May 18Buckingham
Honores Angl
This Y. Capt. Richard Whitbourn goes to NEWIuries &c. (w. ps) and this Y, at Newfoundland, are many Thousands of English French, Portugees & Others: the French and Biscayans resorting chiefly to the N & W. Parts, where the Indians also chiefly keep. (ps)
[NEWFOUNDLAND being thus Settled, I shall leave their History.]
Londoners send 2 more Ships, to Fish at NEW ENGLAND: But going by the West Indies, arrive not in New England till May 1616; One returning in 2 months after. (ps)
Oct. Sir Richard Hakins sails from England, with Commission from the Council of Plimouth, to try what Service He cou'd do them as Praesident for this Y, War at the Height, and the principal N
almost destroyed, He passes along the Coast to Virginia, stays There some time, and sails for Spain, (gr)
A. Bishops, Bishops, and the reIreland, in the Convocatio
holden at Dublin, agree upon 104 Articles of Religion, for avoiding Diversities of Opinions and establishing Consent touching true Religion Articles, Printed in 4to, London, 1629.
FEb. & March, sail for NEW ENGLAND, 4 Ship
from Plim
and 2 more from London, (ps)
Smith's first Account & General History say, 4 from London: But it seems that these 4 include the 2 that sail'd Thence in Iuly l
and return this Year from New England.
Profit (sm) by Fish & Trade. (ps) One of the Plimouth Ships gets in 1 Month to New England, and thence goes to Spain; the other 3 return to Plimouth within 6 Months, (sm) One of the Londoners gets in 6 Weeks to New England, & within 6 Months returns to England: the other goes to the Ca
and all 6 full Laden. (ps)
Jun 20 K Iames goes into the Star Chamber, and makes a Speech to the Judges & others There, (King J's Speech it self, Printed at London, in 4to.
hs) wherein he says, The STAR CHAMBER Court hath been shaken of late; and the last Year had received a sore Blow, if it had not been assisted and carried by a few Voices: and charges the Judges — Let not PAPISTS nor PURITANS be countenanced. In another Place He, says — As I have said in Parliament H
LOVE the Person of a PAPIST, being otherwise a Good Man and honestly bred, never having known any other Religion; tho' th
&c. King Js Speech it self, Printed at London, in 4
Comes out, A Description of NEW ENGLANDIohn Smith
French Men of War; with the Proof of the preEight Voluntary Ships are gone, to make further Trial: Printed in 4to. London, 1616.
Aug. 13. A General Assembly meets by the K's OrdeAberdeen in Scotland: when the A. Bp of St. Andrews steps into the Moderator's Place with out Election, against the Act of the Church yet unrepealed, and a Number of Lords and others set without lawful Commission: who under the K's Guard, receive a new Conf
orEaster; and impower Committees to draw up a new Cate
a Common Prayer Book, and a Book of Canons, for the King's allowance. (cl)
Sep. 29. Lord's day, Dr. Andrews, Bp of Ely, sword a Privy Councellor. (
)
Nov. 4. K. Iames crowns his Son Charles Prince of Wales: and Lord's day, Nov. 10. in Honour of his Creation, 25 Knights of the Bath, with all Magnificence, ride to White-Hall, and are there Knighted by His M
)
Nov. 16. Saturday, Sir Edward Cock, L. Ch. Just. of the King's Bench discharg'd of his Office. (hs)
Sometime this Fall a French Ship cast away at the N E. part of Cape Cod: But the Men getIndians watch & dog 'em till they kill 'em all but 3 or 4, which they send from one Sachim to another to make spoDermer in 1619 (B. pl)
b. K. Iames notifies theCouncil of Scotland oChappel at Halyrood House, a Place is prepared for Organs, and the Images of the 12 Apostles & 4 Evangelists wro't in Wood and Gilt, are order'd to be set up: But the People murmuring, the Scots Bps disswade the K. from setting them up; tho' with a sharp Rebuke & Check of Ignorance, both from the King & A Bp. Abbot; the King telling the Sco
that his English Doctor
wou'd instruct 'em in these & other Points. (cl)
This Winter and the Spring ensuing, a GreaNatives inNEW ENGLANDThousands of them Die, that the Living are not able to Bury them, and their Skulls and Bones remain above Ground at the Places of theigr. B. re) Dermers Letter of Dec. 27. 1619. in Purchas, and of Iune 30. 1620. in Gov. Bradford, compar'd with Gov. Bradford's own Account, it seems that the Narragansets in the West & Penobscuts in the East, escap'd this Plague, and that it raged only in theCountries lying be
Mar. 7. Sir Francis Bacon, K's Attorney, made Lord Keeper; and Ian. 4. following, made Lord Chancellor, (hs)
Mar. 14. Friday, K. Iames sets out from White-Hall for Scotland. (hs) May 16, Enters Edinburgh: and next Day, has the English Service; when Playing on Organs, Quiriste(cl)
Thomas Parker, AEta. 22, only Son to the famous Mr. Robert Parker, made master of Arts at Fran
New England and become a Minister of the Church at Newbury: and tho' his Diploma iApril, 1. I conclude it means the New Style, which is March 22, in ours
This Spring, Capt. Smith is provided with 3 good Ships at Plimouth, & 15 Men to stay and Settle in NEW ENGLAND: But being Wind bound 3 months, the Voyage is frustrate: For which & his other Losses & Disappointments about this Country, the Commissioners of the Plimouth Company contract with him to be Admiral of N
for Life (ps)
June 8. Being Whitsunday, by the King's command, the Lord's Supper is first observ'd after the English Form, with Kneeling at Halyrood House, conChurch of Scotland, and several Lord's forbare to Communicate. Tuesday following the King commands them to Communicate after this new manner the next Lord's day: But tho' some Noblemen & Bps Communicate Kneeling, yet not half the No(cl)
June 17. Tuesday, the Parliament of Scotland meets: Wherein the Lords pass a BILL, that the King with the Arch-Bishops, Bishops, and such Minish
: But 56 Ministers
Protest against it, and the Bill falls, to the Kings great Displeasure. (cl)
July 11. The King goes to St. Andrews, to set in the High Commission Court, upon the Protesting Ministers: The next day sets therein & makes a Speech, declaring — We took this order with the Puritans in England, who stood out as long as they were deprived only of their BeneficesPreaching still, and living on the Benevolence of the People that affected their Cause: But when we depriv'd them of their Office, many yielded to us, and are now become the best Men we have: Let us take the like Course with the Puritans here: So they went to work and deprived 3 oProtesting Ministers. (cl)
Aug. K. Iames, returning from Scotland, thro' Lancashire; says, He rebuked some PURITANS and precise People, for prohibiting & punishing People there for using their lawful Recreations and honest Exercises (as he calls them) upon SUNand publishes his Pleasure under his own hand, that they should not be prevented for the future,
Iames's Declaration (call'd the Book of Spo
L
1618.Sep. 15, He arrives at London. (hs. bk)
This Year,
Mr. Robinson & his Church, begin to think of a Remove to AMER
Reasons: As (1) The Difficulties in Holland discourag'd many from comEngland, and obliged mansays on this Head; that
Many who came to them and desired to be with them, cou'd not en
Orpah did her Mother-in-law Naomi; or as those Romans did Cato in U
who desired to be excused and borne with, tho' they cou'd not all be Cato's: For many, tho' they desir'd to enjoy the Ordinances of GOD in their Purity, and the Liberty of the Gospel with them;
Bondage with danger of Conscience, rather than to endure these Hardships: yea some preferred the Prisons in England, rather than thLiberty in Holland with these Afflictions. (B)
(2) By reason of these DiffiChildren left their Parents, some becoming SolGrief of their Parents, and Fear least their Posterity, thro' these Temptations and Examples shou'd degeneReligion die among them. (3) From an inward Zeal and great Hope of laying some Foundation, or making way for Propagating the Kingdom of CHRIST to the remote Ends of the Earth; tho' they shou'd be but as step&c.
Mr. Morton mentions another Reason, which He doubtless had from the Original Planters; viz. that the great Neglect of observing the Lord's-day, was very GrievMORTON's New-England's Memorial.Upon their talk
of Removing, sundry of note among the Dutch, wou'd have them go under them & make them large Offers: But chusing to go under the EnGovernment, where they might enjoy their Religious Priviledges, without molestation; after humble Prayers to Go
Guiana or Virginia: And tho' some and none of the meanest are earnest for the former, they at length determine for the lso as to settle in a destinct Body, but under the general Government of Virginia. Upon which they send Mr. Robert Cushman and Mr Iohn Carver, to treat with the Virginia Company, & see if the King wou'd give them Liberty of Conscience There (b(
Nov. 4. Commissioners for a General Assembly in S
having been chosen in Presence of the Bishops there, and those nominated who mis' lik'd Episcopal Government, being not allow'd by the Bishops; a General Assembly is this day Proclaim'd at Edinburgh to meet at St. Andrews on the 25th current. And Nov 2General Assembly meeting accordinglyAndrews in his Sermon, bitterly inveighs against many worthy Men of the Ministry deceased, and said some of them deserv'd to b
: The King in his Letter wills the Assembly to conto minister the Commumuni
(2) that the Ministers shall de
: BuH
the K. is highly (cl)
Sir Edwin Sandys writes from London to Mr. Robinson and Mr. Brewster; wherein He says, your AGENTS have carried themselvs with that Discretion as is both to their own Credit and theirs from wh7 Articles subsCOUNCIL for Virginia, that satisfaction which has carried them on to a Resolution to forward your d&c: (B)
Dec. 15. (I suppose Old Stile)
Mr. Robinson and Brewster date their Letter ofThanks from Leyto Sir Edwin: wherein they write— We have set down our Requests, subscribed with the Hands of the greatest Part of ourCongregation, and sent them to the Council by our Agent Iohn Carver, to whom we have also requested a Gentleman of our Company to ad join Himself—and for your Encouragement we will not forbare to mention these Inducements. (1) We verily believe and trust the LORD is with us; to whom and whoseServic2) W3) The People are, for the Body of them, industrious and frugal, we think we may safely say, as any Company of People in the World, (4) We are knit together as a Body, in a most strict and sacred Bond and Covenant of the LORD; of the violation where5) and lastly, It is not with us, as with other Men; whom small things can discourage, or small Discontentments cause to wish our selves at Home again. &c. (B)
This Year, the Rev. Mr. Paul Baine Dies: who had succeeded the famous Mr. William Perkins, as Lecturer at St. Andrew's Cambridge: But after wards was Silenc'd by Arch-Bishop Bancroft's Visitor Mr. Harsenet, for Nonsubscription and Nonconformity. Life, before his valuable Exposition of the Ephesians
From 1519, to this Year 1617, have been EnSevil, 15Millions of Gold bro't to Spain from the W.
Jan. 8. SIR Rob
sworn the King's Secretary. (hs.
Lloyd's State-Worthies.
Jan. 26. Arch-Bishop Spotswood calls together the Bishops & Ministers at this time in Edinburgh and reads them the King's Letter: wherein He wills them to approve the 5 Articles under their Hands, or the Bishops to suspend them from their Ministry & Stipends: The 5 ARTICLES are, (1) For Kneeling at the Lord's Table. (2) Giving the Communion Privately to the Sick (3) For Baptizing in Private. (4) For Confirmation by the Bishops. (5) For observing the Holy Days of Christmas, Good-Friday, Easter Sunday, Assention-Day & Whitsunday. And
Ian. 28, a Proclamation at Edinburgh for a universal Cessation on these Holy Days; and those who refuse, to be punished with Rigour, as disobedient and rebellious Persons, and concl)
Jan. 27.
Mr.
Robinson & Brewster write from Ley
to Sir Iohn Worstenholme; wherewith they send an account of their Principles, to be communicated to the King's Privy Council, who had received some ill Impressions against them. viz. Touching the ECCLESIASTICAL MINISTRY, namely of Pastors for Teaching, Elders for Ruling ▪ & Deacons for destributing the Church's Contributions, as also for the 2 Sacraments Baptism and the Lord's Supper; we wholly agree with the French Reformed Churches, according to their Publick Confestho' some small Differences are to be found in our Practice in some accidental Circumstances, as (1) Their Ministers Pray with their Heads covered; ours uncovered. (2) We chuse none for Governing Elders, but such as are able to Teach; which Ability they don't require. (3) Their Elders and Deacons are annual, or at most for 2 or 3 Years; ours perpetual. (4) Our Elders administer their Office in Admonitions & Excommunications for Publick Scandals, Publickly before the Congregation; theirs more Privately and in their Consistories. &c: (B)
Feb. 14.
S B. who deliver'd this Letter writes that upon Sir Iohn's reading it, I ask'd his Worwhat good News He had for me to write
to morrow? He told me; very good News' for the King's Majesty & the Bishops have consented: But for your Letters, He wou'd not show them at any Hand, least H
(B)
Mar. 30. The Provost and Bailiffs of Edinburgh are commanded by a Letter from the King, to see thGood Friday: Apr. 1. The Charge for observing the Holy Days, PubEdinburgh: And Apr. 5. being Easter Sunday, the Bishops in Scotland celecl)
Apr. b. (hs) L Delaware sails in a Ship of 250 Tuns, with 200 People for Virginia: But dies at Sea; Richard Baker mistakes in representing as if the L. Delaware arrived and died at Virginia.
New England, there meets with a small Frenchman rich in Bevers and other Furr: and there refreshing with Fish, Fowl, Wood and Water; after 16 Weeks arrives at Virginia. (ps. sm)
This Spring, 2 Ships sail from Plimouth, to Fish at New England: one of 80 Tuns, who carries her Fish to Bilboa; the other of 200, which returns Laden with Fish to Plim
in 5 months (ps. sm) But in this larger Ship, Sir F Gorges
Praesident and Coun
of New England say WE s
&c (pc) By which it seems as if Sir F. Gorges actPlimouth Company
Edward Rocroft, alias Stallings,
Smith and Purchas call Him.French Bark of Diep (gr) in a
F. Gorges says, that in such Cases, He had LiSmith says, the gr
for England: and with this Bark R croft and his Company intend to kthisWinter: But some of his Men conspiSawguatock whence they soon get to the Isle of Monahigon 15 Leagues off & 3 Leagues in the Sea: wherWinter. (pc) But in De
with 10 or 12 Men (sm) sail in the Ba
with Fish to Virginia, there to Trade and stay the Winter. (pc sm)
May 4. The King Commands the Lords of the Privy Council in Sco
to celebrate the ComWhitsunday, Ma
24, when the Ceremonies are observed, before the Gene
had allowed them. (cl)
May 11 C
CNew Style
A
Popish Arch Bish
of Prague destroying and shutting uChurches of the Protestants in Bohemia, thStates of the Kingdom meet this day at Prague to consult how to preserve theirPrivileges (c
May 13. C
CN. S.
A
Mathi
3 Offi
opposing & provoking them C
CStates throw them out of their Chamber window, C
CA
A
Apology to the Empero
C
CA
C
CR
cc) or Iun. 2. N. S. The Stat
publish a Decree that all the I
shall depart the Kingdom in 8 days, and never Return. (cc)
May 24. Lord's day, K. Iames issues his Declaration; wherein, He Requires the Bishop of Lancashire, to Present all the PURITANS and Precisians within the same; either constraining them to conform, or to l
: that those who attend on Church on SUNDAYS, be not desturbed or discourag'd from Dancing, Archery, Leaping, Vaulting, having May-Gam
SUNDAYS after Divine Service: that this Declaration be Publish'd by Order from the Bishop of the Dioces
last Year in Lancawith a few words added most appliable to these Parts of our Realms, to be Publish'd to all our Subjects.
Iames's Declaration, call'd the Book of Sports, PrinLondon, 1618.Echard.
Tho' the
Agents of Mr. Robinson's People find the Virginia-Com
very desirous of theirGoing to their W India Territory, & wilPatent with as ample PriLiberty in
Religion, and to have it under the Broad Seal, as was desired; yet they found it a harder piece of Work than they expected. For tho' many means were used, and diverse of Worth with Sir Robert Nanton, chief SecreA Bishop to give way thereto; yet all in vain. They indeed prevail so far, as that the King wou'd connive at them and not molest them, prounder his Seal, wou'd not be Granted. Upon which the Agents return to Leyden, to the great Discour
July 10. (or 20 N. S. (a) The Emperor sends an Arthousand Men towards Bohemia: Which begins the famous Religious War, bePapists and Protestants in Bohemia and Germany, that rages 30 Years, and destroys above 325 thousand People. (a)
Aug. b Sundry pious Citizens being at a private Meeting in London, many are Counter Prison: but Mr. Stares
and some others escA Bisho
gives the Betrayer great applause and his soS
4. Mr. Staresmore writes to Mr. Carver, that upon ReCo
and the Sherives, He supposes He shou'd gain his Liberty, if they were not over
E
for a GenePerth the 25th InstSpo
assumes the Moderators Chair withIuly 10; who says, He was once fully r
Assemblies, because of the Dis
Assembly at St. Anin neglecting
5 Articles H
GOD, to disp
Articles in the Form He sends them After which, the Arch-Bishop said, The King wou'
5 Articles than of all the Gold of India; but in Case of their Refusal, He as
: And tho' the mArch-Bishop neglecting many who cou'd get no Vote, and admitting otherA
And Oct. 26. A Pr
bE
Privy Coun
W
Sir W
by Gon
the Spanish Embassador's Instigationthis day bro't to the King's Benchto m rrow, upon his Sentencnext Morning ▪ B
((
66(
HDrake, the scourge & hate of thSpaniard, (
& Ll
saysIames wou'd not execute Him without an Apology Charles with the Popish In
of Spain. (ho. ec)
Nov. 3. (or 1Tu
S
of D rt begins Carl
Bishop of Landaff
C
H
Dean of Wor
Ex
& Norwi
Davenant, Publick Professor of Divinity and Master of Queens College, Cam
Sali
Ward MasteS
College, Ca
& Arch-Deacon of T
; bIames in behalf of the Chu
State
allow th
Nov 4. (or 14 N S.) We
the Syn
Chuse Mr I
Pastor of the Church of L
in Friesl
their P
Wedn
a great Comet appears over Eu
; first in the Morning, then in the Evening and continues visible to Wednesday Dec. 16 (hs)
Dec. 10. (or 20 N. S.) Walter Balcanqual B. D and Fellow of Pembrook Hall in Cambridge, enters the Synod of Dort, being sent by K Iames, on behalf of the Church of Scotland. (ac fl)
Feb. KIng Iames Publishes his Meditation on the Lord's Prayer in a small 8vo: at the bepages in RePuritans, with those of the Separation; and Proving the Former to be the Fathers of the Latter.
Iames's Book itself Printed in London 1619.
Notwithstanding the great Discourage
English at Leyden met with from the King and Bps refusing to allow them Liberty of Conscience in America, under the Royal S
; yet casting themselves on the Care of Providence, they Resolve to Venother Agents
London, of May 8 this Year, they seem to be Mr. C
Himself and Mr. Brad
Virginia Company. But the said Virginia Company falling into great Desturbances & Factions, these Affairs are long delayed. (B
This Spring, Sir F. Gorges
New England say, WNote 28: & Smith says there goes but one Plimouth
Thomas Dermer (gr) from Plimouth in a Ship of 200 Tuns (sm) for the Fishing BNew England; assigning Him a CompanyRocroft and his People; & sending with Him Squanto or Tasquantum, one of the NaHunt had bro't away: But ArrivRocroft, He is in doubt whaM
that He was gone to Virginia, hopes for his Return, till He hears of his Disaster. (pc)
Mar. 2. Tuesday, Q. Ann, Consort to K. Iames, Dies at Ham
Aged 45 Years (ec)
R
mistaken inPNov. 17
Mar. 10 (cc) or 20 N. S. (Pe
Ri
Mathias Emperor of Germany Dies AEt 62 Pe
cc.
Ri
Mar. 12. The High Commission Court at Edinburgh, deprive and confine Mr. Richard Dickson, for giving the Communion to the People setting and not with his own Hands. And about this time, the King sends a Command to the Offi
at Edinburgh,
and Advocates, to CommuniKneeling, on Easter
the 28th current, on Pain of Loosing their Offices; and enjoins the Magistrates of Edinburgh to Communicate Kneeling. (cl)
Apr. 18. Sir George Yardly arriving as Governor at Virginia, (sm) & finding Recroft ready to sail for New England, commands Him aboardBark, for want of Hands is driven ashoar and Sunk: However the next Day, the Governor & Captain, labour so, that at length they free Her: But while Rocroft is sitting for New England again, He
Virginia & the Bark is a 2d time sunk & last (pc
Apr. 22. The High Commission Court at Edinburgh suspend Mr. H
from his Ministry, and order Him to be confined during the King's Pleasure, for Preaching against Bishops and the 5 Articles, and declining their Judicatory, and afterwards deprive Him of the Ministry: They also Depose and Confine the Rev. Mr. Duncan for declining their Judicature. (cl)
Apr. 26 (or May 6 N S) Munday, the Synod of Dort at their 153d Session, Proceed to the Great Church of that City and Publish their Sentence on the 5 Points, in condemnation of the Arminian Doctrines: And Apr. 29. Thursday, at their 154th Session, they break up, with muac)
May 6 The States of Hungary meet and proscribe the Iesuits (cc) May 23 (or Iun 2 N. S.) The States of Moravia proscribe the Iesuits. (a) Iun 14 (
) (or 24 N S (a)) The States of Silesia agree to banish the Iesuits. (
And Iuly 13 the States of Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia, Confederate together for their Preservation (cc)
May 8
Mr.
Cushman, one of the L
at London, writes, that Sir T. Smith having desired to be eas'd of his Office of Treasurer & Governor of the Virginia Company, Sir Edwin Sands was chosen. Sands was Chosen in April. (B)
Thomas repentEdwin, great Destur(B)
Dermer sails from Monahigan in an open Pinnace of 5 Tuns, along the Coast S. Westerly, finds some ancient Plantations, not long since populous, now utterly void; in other Places a Remnant, but not free of Sickness, viz. the Plague, perceiving the Sores of some that had escaped: Arrives at his Savage's native Country, finds all Dead, traNummastaquit, sends a Messenger a day's Journey West to P
bordering on the Sea, whence two Kings come to see Him (dp) At Nummastaquit, the Indians wou'd have kill'd Him had not Squanto intreated hard for Him (db) and here He redeems a Frenchman, and afterwards at Mastachusit, another cast away at the N. E. of Cape Cod, three Years before: Returning, arMonahigan, Iune 23; where He finds the Ship ready to depart (dp) She had staid aWeeks, and being laden by 38 Men and Boys with Fish and Furrs, Returns (sm) By Capt. Ward, from Virginia, Capt. Dermer hears of R
Death (pc. sm dp) whereupon, putting most of his Provisions aboard said Ward ready bound thither, and leaving his Indian at Sawa
He sails in his Pinnace for Virginia (dp) with 5 or 6 Men & the two Frenchmen (sm)
F Gorges seems to mistake in representing as if D
heard not of Rocroft's Death, till he arrived in Virginia. Capt. Smith says, He goes with 5 or 6 Men and the two Frenchmen: But neither Dermer nor G
have any such Passages.Leagues along the Coast He is cast ashore in a Broad Bay, but gM
the Southern Part of Cap
He is unawares taken Prisoner, but gCapaock & meets witEpenew: ThLong Isl
and the M
; being thIsland 30 Leagues in Length, before accounted PaM
: Thence sails along the Coast, arrives at Cape Charles, Sept. 7, and next day, at the mouth of Iames River. (dp)
June 15. The King Renews the High Commission Court of S
in more ample Form: And Iuly 2, upon the King's Order, the Arch Bp of Glasgow cites before the High Commission the Rev. Mr. Blyth and Forrester, to depose them from the Ministry and confine them, for giving the Communion without Kneeling
three score Years, and no Act of Parliament, nor General Assembly, no not of Perth, forbidding the former Practice: yet they are suspended during the King's Pleasure and confined. (cl)
Aug 18. (cc
Cluv
(a. ri) F
King of Hungary and Boh
Elected Emperor of G
19 the States of Bohemia, Renounce King Ferdinand (cc.
Cluv
Aug. 26 chuse Pal
their King; the LMoravi
and Lusatia, being present and concurring with them. (cc) Octob 2Pragu
25 (or Nov 4. N. S) is
Bo
: And Oct 28 (or Nov. 7 N. S.) his Royal C
There Crown'd Queen. (a)
Sept 17 The King by Letters to the Provost, Bailiff's and Coun
of Edinburgh, wills them to change their Magistrates the 29th currant, and allow of none but those who will conform to the 5 Arti
: upon which, the Provost, Bailiff's and Treasurer are changed: Nov 23, In a Convention of Ministers call'd to St. Andrews by the A Bishop, He communicates to them a Letter from the King; wherein He commands the Bishops to Depose all that refuse to conDec. b a Charge Proclaim'd at Edinburgh for the ObChristmas (cl)
After long attendance, the
Leyden Agents obtain a Patent granted and confirmed under the Virginia Company's Seal: But the Patent being taken out in the name of Mr. Iohn Wincob, a Religious Gentleman (belonging to the Countess of Lincoln) who intended to go with them; and Providence so ordering that He never went; they never made use of his Patent, which cost them so much Charge and Labour. However, the Patent being carried by one of their Messengers to Leyden, for the People to consider, with seTh
of London, Merchant, and other Friends and Merchants as shou'd either go or adventure with them; they are re(B)
UPON receiving These, they first keep a day of
S
MrRobins n preaching a very suitableSermon from 1 Sam xxiii.3, 4. strengthening them against their Fears, and encouraging them in their ResoluThe grea
PASTOR to tarry with them: Their ELDER Mr BREWSTER to go with the other: Those who go first to be an abs
Proviso, that as any go over or return, they shall be reputed as Members, without further Dismission or T
: And those who tarry, to f
Mr.
Weston coming to Leyden, the People agree with Him on Articles, both for Shipping and Money to assist in their TransCarver & Cush
to England, to receive the Money, and provide for the Voyage; Mr. Cushman at London, Mr. Carver at South Hampton: Those who are to go first, Prepare with Speed, sell their Estates, put their Money into the common Stock, to be dispos'd by their Managers for making general ProvisiMartin chosen in England, to join with Mr Carver & Cushman; He came from Bill
in Essex: From which County came several others, as also from Lond n and other Places, to Go
Ship of 60 Tuns is bought and sitted in Holland, both to help Transport them & to st(B)
March 1 The High Commission Court at E
suspend Mr. Porteous from his Ministry till the next Assembly for not observing Holy Days, and not giving the Communion accordScrimg
from the Ministry and confine Him. March 28. The High ComGl
Depose and confine Mr. Levingstone and F
for not observing the said Articles, and for declining the Judicature of the High Commission April 21. The High CommissiAndrew's Deprive Dr. Barclay from Preaching and confine Mr. Me n s and Mr A
for not regarding the ArtiAp
25. Five Citizens of E
confined by the King's Order, without Citation, Trial or Conviction, only to satisfy his Majesty fMay 10. Mr. Dunca
Depriv'd for not conforming to the Articles (cl)
This Year, there goes 6 or 7 sail from thEngland to NEW ENGLAND, to Fish only (sm) But from England to Virginia 8 Ships with a thousand & 96 Passengers to Settle. (ps)
This Spring, Capt Dermer Returns to NEW-ENGLAND (sm) In his way, He meets with certain Hollanders, who had a Trade in Hud
's River, some Years; Discovers many Goodly Rivers and exceeding pleasant Coasts and Islands, for 80 Leagues East from Hudson's River to Cape Cod: But arriving at New England again (pc) whence he writes a Letter on
Iune 30 (B) 1st. He comes to N
theCapawick; where (gr) with Squanto H(B) and is suddenly set upon (p
by Epenow (gr) and other Savages; who giv(pc gr) and slay all his Meone that kept the Boat: with whose Help the Captain (B) being a brave, stout Gentle(gr) by his Va(pc) frees Himself. But is forc'd to Return to Virginia for Cure: where He falls ill and Dies of the Sickness of th(pc gr)
Bradford says, the Captain gets aIndians wou'd have cSmith writes as if he Died of his Wounds (s
BBradford says, whether of his Wou
oboth, is uncertain. (B)
May 25 (or Iune 4 N. S.) Manuscript
Iune 14. N S. bein
4. N. SMr.
Robinson writes to Mr. Carver, and complains of MrWeston's neglect in getting Shipping in England; for want of which thLey
And May 31 (or Iune 10 N S) S F, E W, W B and I A, write from Leyden to Mr Carver and Cushman, that the coming of Mr. Nash and their Pilot is a great Encouragement to them. (B)
June 10.
Mr.
Cushman in a Letter from London
Carver at S uth Hampton, says, thaCrabe a Minister had promis'd to GLeyden, that H had hired another Pilot, one Mr. Clark whVirginia; that He London in 14 days; and wou'd have MR
tarry in Holland, and bring the ShiS
Upon this a Ship of 9 s
Tuns is immediately hired at London: And the Ship in H ll
being ready they spend a day in solemn Prayer: MRobinson Preaching from Ezra viii.21. (B
June. 19 A Proclamation at Edinburgh, of the K Scotland observe thMiniste
who don't, be Punished with Deprivation, SuHigh Commission; that every one who obEarl a 1Lord a 100 marks, a Laird 50 (cl)
But Removing to NORTH AMERICA we must now leave the History of SCOTLAND, as well as other Parts of Europe, and only hint at those Events in ENGLAND which more immediately affect the BRITISH COLONI
ABout
Iuly 21. (I suppose N.S.) The EngLeyden leave that City where they had liv'd near 12 Years; being accompanied by most of their Brethren tDelph-Haven, where their Ship lay readyAmsterdam, to see their ship'd and take their leave; they spend that Night in friendly, entertaining and christiaIuly 22 (I suppose N. S.Morton, and Dr. C. Mat
seem to mistake in sayingIuly 2.Robinson falling down on his Knees and they all with Him, He with watery Cheeks commends them with most South H
; where they find the biggeIones Master, witCushman 7 days. 700 Pounds Sterling are laid out at South Hamp
and they carry about 17Weston comes thiLondon, to see 'em dispatched (B)
July 23. K. Iames gives a Warrant to his SolicitoThomas Coventry, to prepare a new Patent foNorthern-Colony of Virginia, between 40 anPatent the King signs on N
3, stthe Council for the Affairs of NEW ENGLAND & their Successors (gr)
July 27
Mr.
Robinson writes to Mr. Carver and People, Letters, which they receive at South-Hampton: And the Company being called together, their's is read among them, to the Acceptance of all, and after Fruit of many. M
Relation, Mor
's MemoNeal's History of New England.
Governor and 2 or 3 Assistants for each, to order the People & Provisions (B)
Aug 5.
They sail from
South-Hampton; but reach not far before Mr. Reinolds Master of the
complain'd She was so leaky that He dare proceed no farther: Upon which they both put in to Dartmouth, about Aug. 13. where they search and mendHer to their great Charge and Loss of Time and a fair Wind: Tho' had they staid at Sea but 3 or 4 Hours more, She had Sunk right down About Aug. 21. They set sail again; but having gone above a 100 Leagues beyond the Land's End of England, Mr. Reinolds comPlimouth; where finding no Defect, they judge her Leakiness owing to her general weakness: They therefore agree to dismiss her, and those who are wilLondon, tho' this was very grievous and discouraging; Mr. Cushman and
(B)
Sept. 6.
They make another sad Parting, and th
greater Ship lets sPassenger having bro't a great Iron Screw from Holland, they with it raise the Beam into its Place; and then committing themselves to the Di(B)
Nov. 6.
Dies at Sea,
Wm Butten, a Youth and SerSamu
Bradford's Pocket Book, which contains a Register of Deaths &c. from Nov. 6. 1620. to the End of March 1621.(B)
Nov. 9.
At Break of Day
Relation of their Proceedings PMourt.
Southward, the Wind and Weather being fair, to find some Place about Hu
for Settlement. But sailing this Course aGosnold, in 1602 call'd Point Care and Tu
; but the French and Dut
Mal
by reB)Cape, get out of those Dangers before Night; and the next Day, into the Cape Harbour, where they ride in safety. (B)
Nov. 11. S
being thus arriv'd, they first fall on their Knees and Bless the God of Heaven, &c But their Design and Patent being for VIRGINIA, and not New England, which beVirginia Company have no Concern; before they land, they this day combine into a BOGovernor for the first Year: (B) And then set ashoar 15 or 16 Men well arm'd to fetch Wood and discover the Land; who at Night return, but found neither House nor Person. (re)
Nov. 13. M
The People go ashore to refresh themselves, & every day the Whales Play round about them & the greatest store of F
they ever saw: But the Earth here a company of Sand hills; and the Water so shallow neare)
Nov. 15. While the Shallop is sitting, Capt. Stan
with 16 Men well arm'd, set out on thCape, to sea(B) William Bradford, Stephen Hopkins anEdward Tilley are of the Number, ad(re) When they had marched a mile Southward they seSavages (B) whom they follow 10 miles (re) till Night, but cou'd not overtake them, and lodge in the Woods. The next Day, they head a great Creek (B) and travel on to a Valley, wherein is a fine, clear Pond of Fresh water, a Musket Shot wide and two long. Then they come to a Place of Graves; then to the Remainder of an Old Fort or Pallizad
which they conceive had been made by Christians; (re) and then to a Harbour openCreeks with an high Cliff of Sand at the Entrance (B) the Western Creek being twice as large as the Eastern (re)
Barnstab
Natives full satisfaction, as soon as they cou'd meet with any of 'em, Return (B) to the Pond; where they make a Barricado and lodge this Night, being very Rainy: And the next Day, wading in some Places up to the Knees, get back to the Ship (re) to the great Joy of their Brethren. (B
Shall
being Iones and 9 Sailors, 34 in all set forth on a more full Discovery of the afore
: But the weather growinnext Day, they sail to their designed Port; buCreeks; & marching 4 or 5 miles by the Greater are tired with travelling up and down the steep Hills and Vallies, cover'd half a foot with Snow, and lodge under Pine Trees The next Morning, return to the other Creek and thence to the Place of their former DigIones and 15 onext Day, they dig in several such like Places, but find no more Corn nor any thing else but Graves; discover 2 Indian Wigwams, but sNatives: And the Shallop returning, they get aboard at Night; and the next Day, Dec. 1. Return to the Ship. (re) The Corn they found, happily serves for their Planting on the Spring ensuing, or they wou'd have been in great Danger of Perishing: (B, re) For which they gave the Owners intire content about 6 months after. (B)
End of November (re) Sus
Wife of William White (B. Boston News Letter.Son, who is called Peregrine (re) being thBoston News Letter.European Extract in New England.
Iuly 22. 1704 when He Dies at Ma
Boston News Letter.
Dec 4 Dies Edward Thompson, Servant of MWhite (bp) the fiDec. 6. Dies Iasper, a Boy of Mr. Carver's: Dec. 7. Dorothy, Wife to Mr. William Bradford: Dec. 8. Iames Chilton (bp)
Dec. 6. They again send out their Shallop, with 10 of their principal Men, (B) viz Mr Car
Cap. Standish, &c with 8 or 10 Seamen (re) to circulate the Bay and find a better Place; tho' the weather is very cold & the spray of the Sea freezes on them(B) and feel like Coats of Iron. (re) T
they get to the Bottom of the Bay, seIndians ashoar, (B) buisy a cutting up a Grampus. (re) By reason of the Flats they land with great Difficulty, make a Barricado
Indian Fires that Night (B) about 4 or 5 miles from them. (re)
Dec. 7. This Morning, they divide their Company some travelling on shoar, (B) eight (re) others coasting in the Shallop by great Flats of Sand (B) About 10 o'Clock, the shoar People finBurying Place: Part thereof incomPallizado, full of Grav
some Paled about, others having small PolePallizado, were Graves also, but not so costly Then they come to 4 or 5 deserted Wigwam
but see no People (re) Towards Night, they hasten out of the Woods to meet the Shallop, and mCreek, she comes in at high water to their muat Night, make another Barricado, and lodge therein (B)
Dec. 8. At 5 this Morning they rise; and after Prayer, the Day dawning, and the Tide high enough to call them downto the Shallop; they suddenly hear a great and strange Cry, one of their Company running towards them calling out INDIANS! INDIANS! And therewith Arrows come flying about them. (B) Upon discharging their Pieces, the Indians soon get away, the English following a quarter of a mile shouting, return to their Shallop (B) having left 6 Men to keep her (re) and not one of the Company wounded, tho' the Ar(B) about 15 L
find no cPort, which Mr. Coppin their Pilot assures them is a good one, which He had been in, and they might reach before Night. But after some Hours sailing, it begins to snow & rain: At Mid a
the wind rising, the Sea grows very rough, they brake their Rudder,
Lord be merciful
! And He and the Mate wou'd have run Her ashore in a Cove full of Breakers before the WindMorton says, This is between the Place sinc called the Gurnet's Nos
and Sagaquab.
about with Her, or we are Cast away; they get her about immediately: And Providence showing a fair Sound before them, tho' it be very dark and rains hard, they get under the Lee of a small Rise of Land; but are divided about going ashoar, least they fall into the midstSavages; some therefore keep the Boatafter Mid night
the Night. (B)
Dec 9. In the Morning they find the Place to be small Island, secure from Indians.
Morton says, This is since called Clark's Island because Mr. Clark the Mate of the Ship first steppelast Day of the Week, they here dry their Stuff, fix their Pieces, rest themselves, return God Thanks for their many Deliverances: & here the next Day keep their Christian Sabbath. (B)
Dec. 11. Monday, they found the Harbour, find it fit for Shipping, march into the Land, see diversShip with the Discovery, to their great Comfort. (B)
Dec. 15. The Ship sails for this newfound Port, come Mourt's Relation.next Day, the Wind comes fair, & she arrives in the desired Harbour (B) quickly after, the Wind chops about; so that had they been hinder'd but Half an Hour, they wou'd have been forced back to the Cape again. (re)
Dec. 18. Monday, they land, with the Master of the Ship and 3 or 4 Sailors; march along the Coast, 7 or 8 Miles, but see neither Wigwam, India
nor Navigable River, but only 4 or 5 Brooks of sweet fresh Water running into the Sea, with choiat Night return to the Ship: Next Day, they go again to discover; some on Land, others in the Shallop, find a Creek into which they pass 3 Miles, and Return. (re)
Dec 20. This Morning, after calling to Heaven for Guidance, they go ashore again, to Pitch on some Place for immediate Settlement. After viewing the Country they conclude to settle on the Main, on a highGround, facing the Bay where Corn had been Planted 3 or 4 Years before; a sweet Brook running under the Hill with many delicate
great Hill
theCape. And here being in Number 20, they ran devous this Evenings but aStorm rising, it blows and rain hard all Night, continues so tempestuous for 2 Days tha(re
Dec. 21. Dies Richard Britterige (bp) the first who Dies it
Dec. 23. Saturday, as many as can, go ashore, cut & carry Timre)
Dec. 24. Lord's day, our People ashore are alarm'd with thSavages, expect an Assault, but continueQuiet. (re) And this Day Dies Solomon Martin (bp) the sixth and las
Dec. 25. Monday, they go ashore again, felling Timber, sawre) Begin to erect the first Ho
about 20 Foot square (re) for their common Use, to receive them and their Goods: (B) and leaving 20 to keep a Court of Guard, the Rest return aboard at Ev
: But in the Night and next Day, another sore Storm of Wind and Rain. (re)
Dec. 28. Thursday, they go to Work on the Hill, Reduce themselves to 19 Families, measure out their Lot
and draw for them. Many grow ill of grievous Colds, from the great and many Hardships they had endured. Dec. 29 & 30, very cold and stormy again: and they seSmoaks of Fires made by the Indians about 6 or Miles off. (re)
Dec. 31. Lord's Day, Tho' the Generality remain aboard the Ship almost a Mile & Half off; yet this seems to be first Day that any keep the Sabbath in the Place of theAE
of their Settlement Here; to which they give the Name of PLIMOUTH, the first English Town in all thisCountry, in a grateful Memory of the Christian Friends thePlimouth in England, as of the last Town theBradfo
ends hifirst Book, containing 10 Chapters in 53 Page Folio: And Here we end the first Part of our NEW ENGLAND Chronology.
THE New-England CHRONOLOGY.
PART II.
Being a short Account of the Affairs of this Country, as Settled by the several Colonies of the English Nation:
FROM Their Beginning, in the Settlement of the first at PLIMOUTH, by the Name of PLIMOUTH-COLONY, Dec. 31. 1620.
TO The Settlement of the seventh and last, by the ComForty one Persons into a Form of GoPiscataqua River, Oct 22. 1640; after
From the Beginning of the Settlement of the first or PLIMOUTH COLONY at Plimouth, under GoverCarver, Dec. 31. 1620; To the Beginning of the Settlement of the MASSACHUSETS or second COWi
and Company at Salem, Iune 12. 1630.
Southward about HUDMorton who publish'd his Memorial in 1670, telthen lately sure Intelligence, Dutch intending to settle a Colony There of their own, privately hired the Master of the Ship to contrive
England, then to steer them to these Northern Coasts, and there under Pleas of Shoals and Winter, to discourage them from venturing farther. Agreable to this, we
June this Year, while the English Leydeners were preparing f
Dermer Returned from Virginia to New-England, He met certain Hollanders sailing f
Hudson's River, where they had
However, by their being guided Hither, they then unHudson's River, and are landed in a Place of greater Safety; where a general Pestilence had 2 or; Years before, exceedingly thin'd the Natives and prepar'd the Way for this feeble Company.
Being thus beside their Intention bro't to the New England Coast, where their Patent gave them no Right or Power, they were in a sort reduced to a State of Nature: and some of the Strangers receiv'd at London, dropping some mutinous Speeches as if there were now no Authority over them; this People therefore before they landed wisely form'd themselves into a BODY POLITICK under the Crown of England, by the solemn CONTRACT hinted above, & which Governor Bradford gives us in the following Terms. The same is Printed in Mourt's Relation, Purchas, Morton, and Neal; tho' the 2 latter with some small Variation from the other 3.
In the Name of
GOD Amen: We whose Names are under written, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King JAMES by the Grace of GOD, of Great-Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c.
Having undertaken for the Glory of
GOD, and advancement of the Christian Faith, and Honour of our King and Country, a Voyage to Plant the first Colony in the Northern Parts of Virginia; Do by these Presents solemnly and mutually in the Presence of GOD, and one of another, Covenant and Com
ourselves together unto a Civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the So Bradford, Mount & Purcbut Morsays OfficeColony; unto which we Promise all due Submission and Obedience: In witness whereof we have Names at Cape Cod, the 11th of November, in the Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King JAMES of England, France and Ireland the Eighteenth and of Scotland the Fifty-fourth, Anno Domini, 1620. (B)
To this Instrument Mr. Morton sets the Subscribers in the following Order: But their Names corrected, with their Titles and Families I take from the List at the End of Governor Bradford's Folio Manuscript: Only this I observe, that out of Modesty, He omits the Title of Mr. to his own Name, which He ascribes to several others.
So there were just 101 who sail'd from Plimouth in England, and just as many arriv'd in Cape Cod Harbour. And North Virginia; where they might quietly enjoy
Some noReligious History of those Times, have through great Mistake represented as if this People were a CongreBrownists. But even Baylie Himself Disswasive from the Errors of the Times, Printed in 4to, London, 1645.Brownists and Independents
That Mr. ROBINSON their Pastor
The like Account of MChurch of England; that the Apologies He wrote were very handsom; thaAmes and Mr. Parker, He was bro't to a greater Moderation, than He at first expressed; that he ruined the Rigid Separation, allowing the Lawfulness of communicating with the Church of England in the Word and Prayer
But Mr. Cotton, who was w
Band t
Plimouttells us,
That by Prayer must not be understood the Combut of the Prayers conceived by t
before and after Sermon. (Way of Congr
in Answer to Baylie, &c. Printed in 4 to Londo
1648.)t
; that He waBrownists, and becamIndependency
Robinson, H
also gives uHis
Brownists, when he wa
Agreably, Hornius, from my Lord Brook, seems to exseparated from the Church of England into Two Sorts, viz. (1) The Rigid Separatists or Brownists. (2) The Semi Separa
or Robinsonians; who after Independents, and still retain the Name. And so distant were the Former in their Principles and Temper from the LatterBrownists was then at Amsterdam
Winslow a principal Member of Mr. Robinson's Church, acquaints us,
That the
Brownists there wou'd hardly hold Communion wiLeyden.
Governor Winslow's Ground of Planting New Engat t
Gorton, Printed in 4t
London, 1646.
That Mr.
None of which wou'd the Robinso
was always against Separation from any of the ChurcheSco
and the Netherlands; that his Study was for Peace and Union, so far as might agree with Faith and a good Conscience: But for the Government of the Church of England, as in the Episcopal Way, the L
and stinted Prayers, yea the Constitution of the Church as National, and so the corrupt Communion of the Unworthy with the Worthy Receivers of the Lord's Supper; these Things were never approved of Him, but witnessed against to his Death, and by the Church under him: that the C
of L
made no SchisReformed C
but as Occasion offer'd, held Communion with them. For we, says GoWinslow, ever plac'd a large Difference between those, who ground their Practice on the Word of GOD, tho' difLord Bishops did. Never the less Mr. Robinson allowed Hearing the Godly MinisterChurch of England Preach and Pray in the Publick Assemblies; yea allowed 'Private Communion
By Private Communion, I suppose He means in Oppo
mix d Communion in the PHe allowed all of the Church of England w
Pious, to have Communion in his Private Church: For as Mr. Cowriting of Mr. Robinson, says
He separated not
C
but from the
Br
ever allow.
'Tis true says Governor
Winslow, we Profess and Desire to Practice a Separation from the World and the Works of the World, which are the Works of the Fl
such as the Apostle speaks of, Eph. vCor. vi. 9,—11Eph. ii.11, 12. And as the C
of CHRIST arSaints by Calling; so we desire to see the Grace oL
or since we came to N
have with the Manifestation of their Faith and Profession of Holiness, held forth there-withSeparation from the Church of England; I have diverse times in the one Place heard Mr. Robinson our Pastor, and in the other Mr. Brewster our Elder, stop them forthwith, shewing them that we requir'd no such Thing at their Hands, but only to hold forth Faith in JESUS CHRIST, Holiness in the Fear of GOD, and SubChurch of England to themselves and to the LORD, to whom we ought to Pray to Reform what was amiss a
Perhaps Hornius was the only Person, who gave this People the Title of Robinsonians. But had He been duely acquainted with the Generous Principles both of the Peopl
and their famous Pastor; He wou'd have known that noCovenant in 1602, Winslow tells us, that when the Plimouth People Parted froPastor, with whom they had always liv'd in the most intire Affection;
He charged us before GOD and his Blessed Angels to follow Him no further than He followed CHRIST: And if GOD should reveal any thing
— Words &c.
English Nation: wherein Him, that they might be more intirely free to search and follow the SCRIPTURES.
As for Mr. Robinson's being the Author of Independency — Mr. Cotton replies
That the NEW TESTAMENT was the Author of it; and 'twas receiv'd in the Times of Purest, Primitive Antiquity, many Hundreds of Years before Mr.
Robinson was BornWinslow — that
Primitive Churches in the Apostolick Age are the only Pattern which the Churches of CHRIST in NEW ENGLAND have in their Eye; not following Luther, Calvin, Knox Ainsworth, Robinson, Ames, or any other, further, thaApostles.
But as Mr. Robinson and his Church, were of the same mind, and always liv'd in great Harmony and Unity; I shall here give a SUMMARY of their main Principles from their Published Writings.
I. They were in the SentimentChillingworth tells us that after long Study He alsthe
; and especially nothing is to be accounted the Protestant Religion, respecting either Faith or Worship, but what is taught in them: as also in the same Sentiments which the present celebrated Bishop Hoadly and many other Great Men, have so nobly defended, as the Right of Humane Nature, as the very Basis of the ReforIudging for Himself, of Trying Doctrines by them, and of Worshipping according to his Apprehension of the Meaning of them.
II. As to Faith and the Holy Sacraments—they BeArticles of the Church of England, as also of the Reformed Churches of Scotland, Ireland, France, the Palatinate, Geneva, Switzerland, and the united Provinces, to be agreable to the Holy Oracles: Allowing all the Pious Members of the Churches Communion with them; and Differing from them only in Matters purely Ecclesiastical.
III. As to Ecclesiastical Matters—they held t
1. That no particular Church ought to consist of more Members than can conveniently Watch over one another and usually meet and Worship in one Congregati
2. That every particular Church of CHRIST is only to consist of such as appear to Believe in and Obey Him.
3. That any competent Number of such, when thei
for their mutual Edification.
Contract or Covenant either Expr
or Implied; tho' it ought to be by Former.
5. That being Embodied, they have a Right of Chusing all their Offi
6. Officers appointed by CHRIST for this Emthree Sorts, in othertwo, viz.
[1] Pastors or T
—who have the Power both of Overseeing, Teaching, Administring the Sacra
[2] Meer RULING ELDERS—who are to Help the Pastors in Overseeing and Ruling; that their Offices be not TempoDutch & French ChurchesTeach only Occasionally, thro
That the Elders of Both Sorts form the Presbytery of OverPresbyters or Elders, someBishops or Overseers, sometimesGuides & sometimeRulers
[3] DEACONS—who are to take Care of the Poor and of the Churches Treasure; to Distribute for the Support of the Pastor, the Supply of the Needy, the Propagation of Religion, and to Minister at the Lord's Table, &c.
7. That these Officers being chosen and ordained, have Lordly, Arbitrary or imposing Power; but can only Rule and Minister with the Consent of the Brethren; who ought noLaity, but to be TreaMen and Brethren in CHRIST, not as Slaves or Minors.
8. That no Churches or Church Officers whatever have any Power over any other Church or Officers, to control or impose Equal in their Rights & Privileges, and ought to be Independant in the Exercise & Enjoyment of them.
9. As to
—they heldApostles, without the Sign of the Cross or any other inTab
: That the Elders should not be Restrain'd fromPRAYING in Publick as well asPrivate, accordSpiritual, a meer Rejecting thTemp
Nature.
10. and lastly, As for Holy Days—They were very strict for the Observation of the LORD's DAY, in a pious Memosolemn FASTINGS and THANKSGIVINGS, as the State of Providence requires: But all other Times not Prescrib'd in Scripture they utterly reInventing, and much less of Imp
it on others.
These were the main Principles of that Scriptural and ReEngland, fled to Holland, traversed the Ocean, and sought a dangerous Retreat in these remote and savage Desarts of North-America; that Here they might fully enjoy them, and leave them to their last Posterity.
But Removing tStage of our Chronology to the Weste
of the Atlantick; we may take a brief Survey both of the SGreat Britain and the Neighbouring Countries they North East America at the Time of their Arrival.
In France and Navarr, the King begins to PeLusatia ▪ Bohemia, and Germany, the Imperial and Spanish Forces are Saxony joining with them. And the
England, extreamly fond of marching his only Son Prince Charles to the Popish Infanta, refuses to support and even allow of a Publick Fast for his own Daughter the exBohemia, the Darling of the British Puritans; indulges the Papists throughout his Kingdoms, and at the same time allows no Rest for any of the Reformed in them who mislike the Ceremonies or Diocesan Episcopacy. In Sc
the Presbyterian Church is wholly overthrown, her MiMost of the Affairs in Church and State,
as Eachard tells us, are Transacted by the Countess of Buckingham, whom He calls a fiery Romanist.
In so dark a Season on the European Shoar, are this People bro't to the North American, where the Prospect also looks almost as dismal and discouraging.
For besides the Natives, the nearest Plantation to them is a FRENCH one at Port-Royal
Govornor Bradford, in a Manuscript Note in the Margi
William Alexander's Description of New England ▪
&c. Printed in 4to London, 1630, says, that
Biencour
Port-Royal, when we came into the Country i1620.
By w
England, a small Planta
French
Port-Royal, after the Reduction b
Argal in 1613.Canada. And the only ENGLISH ones are at Virginia, B
and Newfoundland; the nearest of these about 500
off, and every one uncapable of helping them WhreHolland, fatigued with their boisterous Voyage, disappointed of their expected Country, forced on this northern Shoar both utterly unknown and in the advance of Winte
; none but prejudic'd Barbarians round about them, and without any Prospect of Humane Succour: Without the Help or Favour of the Court of England, without a Patent, without a Publick Promise of
General Si
on them, which reduces them to great ExtremiMonths Time, above Half their Company are carried off; whom they account as Dying in this noble Cause, whose Memories they consecrate to the dear Esteem of their Successors, and bare all with a Christian Fortitude
I have only now to remind the Reader, that utterly unsought, and then unknown to them; on Nov. 3. about a Week before their arriving at Cape Cod, King Iames Signs a PATENT for the Incorporation of the Adventurers to Northern Colony of Virginia, between 40 and 48 Degrees North; being the Duke of Lenox, the Marquesses of Buck
and Hamilton, the Earls of Arundel and Warwick, Sir F. Gorges, with 34 others, and their Successors, styling them—The Council established at PLIMOUTH in the County of Dfor the Plan
NEW ENGLAND in AMERICA: Manuscript Copy of the Charter it self in the Hands of the Honourable El
Esq
Future Patents and Plantations that divide this Country.
[Additions of my own.]
To the Settlement of the MASSACHUSETTS Colony, by the Arrival of Governor Winthrop and Deputy Governor Dudley, with the Charter and Assistants, at Salem, June 12. 1630.
Jan. 1.
MONDAY, The People at Plimouth go betimes to Work (re) and the Year Begins wiDeath of De
Jan. 3. Some abroad see great Fires of Indians and go to their Corn Fields, but discover none oSavages; nor have seen any since we came to this Harbour. (re)
Jan. 4. Capt. Standish, with 4 or 5 more, go to look for the Natives where Natives. (re)
Jan. 8. Francis Billington having the Week before, from the Top of a Tree on a high Hill, discoSea, as He this Day with one of the Master's Mates, to view it, traMiles to a large Water divided into two Lakes; the bigger 5 or 6 Miles in Compasother 3 Miles in Compass, and a Brook issuHouses, tho' not lately inhabited, (re) and thiDies Mr. Christo
Jan. 9. We labour in Building our T
in 2 Houses for greater Safety: Divide by Lot th(re)
Jan. 12 At Noon, Iohn Goodman and Peter Brown gathering Thatch abroad, & not coming Home after their 2 Companions, put us in greatSorrow: Master Leaver with 3 or 4 more go to seek them, but can hear nothing of them: Next Day, thinkIndians had surpriz'd them, we arm out 10 or 12 Men after them, who go searching 7 or 8 Miles, but return without Discovery, to our great Discomfort. (re)
Jan. 13. Having the major Part of our People ashore we Purpose there to Keep the Public
to morrow (re)
Jan. 14. Lord's Day Morning at 6 a Clock, the Wind, being very high, we on Ship board see our Rendevous in Flames: & because of the Loss of the 2 Men, fear the Savages had fired it: nor can we come to help them for want of the Tide till 7 a Clock: at Landing hear goodNews of the ReCarver and Mr Bradford. The 2 Men were lost in the Woods on Friday Noon; ranged all the Afternoon in the wet and cold: at Night it snowing, freezing, and being bitter Weather, they walked under a Tree till Morning: then travelled by many Lakes and Brooks: In the Afternoon, from a high Hill they discover the 2 Isle, in our Harbour; and at Night getHome, faint with Travel and want of Food and Sleepre)
Jan. 21. We KPublick Worship ashore. (r
Jan. 29 Dies Rose the Wife of CStandish (b
Jan. Morning the People aboard the Savages, [the first we see at this Harbour,] but cannot speak with them. (re)
N ▪ B This Month, 8 of our Number Die. (bg)
Feb. 9. This Afternoon, our H use for our Sick Peo(re)
Feb. 16. One of our People a fowling by a Creek about a Mile and Half off, 12 Indians march by Him towards the Town: in the Woods HStandish and Francis Cook, leaving their Tools in the WoodsSavages had took them away; and towards re)
Feb. 17. This Morning, we first meet for appointing military Orders, chuse Miles Standish for our Captain, give Him Power accordingly: and while we are consulting, 2 Savages present themselves on the Top of the Hill over against us about aQuarter of a Mile off, making Signs foStandish and Mr. Hopkins over the Brook towards themIndi
wou'd not stay their coming: a Noise of a great many more is heard behind the Hill, but no more come in Sight. (re)
Feb. 21. Die Mr. William White, Mr. William Mul
Mary, the Wife of Mr. Isaac Allerton. (bg)
N B. This Month, 17 of our Number Die. (bg)
This Spring, there gWest of England to Fish on the [North Eastern] Coasts of New England; who get well freighted with Fish and Furr. (sm. ps)
About this time, the Indians get all the Pa
of the Country, for 3 Days together, in a horrid and devilish Manner to curse and exeSwamp, as we are afterwards informed. (B)
Mar. 7. The Governor, with 5 more go to the Great Ponds; & we begin to sow our GardenSeeds (re)
Mar. 16. This M
a Savage boldly comes alone along the Houses strait to the Randevous, surWelcome Englishmen! Welcome Englishmen! having learned some broEnglish among the Fishermen at Monhig
: The first Indian we met with; his NamSagamore or Lord oMoratiggon, lying hence a Day's Sail withDays by Land, and has beeMonths: we entertain Him, anfou
ago all the Inhabitants Died of an extra oNight we lodge and watch Him. (re)
Mar. 17 This M
we send Samoset to thM
our next Neighbours, whence He cameNausites near S. E. of us, being those bEnglish about 8 Months ago slEnglishmen, and M
: they werF. Gorges Men, as our Savage tells us. Dermer's CompanIune 30 last Year.Nausites, and of our Tools lately taken awayHunt, who carthis Place we now inhabit, and 7 from the Nausites as before observed. He promises within a Night or two to bring some of the Masassoits, with Beaver Skins to trade. (re)
Mar. 18. Samoset returns with 5 other Men, who bring our Tools wiLord's Day, we wou'd not Trade, but entertaining them, bid them come again and bring more, which they Promise within a Night or two: but Samoset tarries with us. (re)
Mar. 21. This Morning, the Indians not coming, we send Samoset to enquire the Reason. In his abSavages present themselves on the Top of the Hill against us, with a shew of DarStandish and another with their Muskets, going over, the Indians whe(re)
This Day, PHILIP III, K. of Spain Dies, AEt. 43 Petavius.
Ri
; who sMarch 31. But N
AEt. 16 Ri
; who sMarch 31. But N
Mar. 22. About Noon, Samoset returns with SQUANNative of this Place, one of the Hunt had carried to Spain, but got into Eng
Cornhill, London, with Mr. Iohn Slanie, Merchant, and can speak a little English, with 3 others: bring a few Skins & signify that theirGreatSagamore MASASSOIT Printed Accounts generally spel Him— Massasoit, Governor Bradfo
writes Him— Massasoyt and Massa
: But I find the ancient People from their Fathers in Plimouth Colony pronounce his Name Ma-sas-so-it.
Indians
Quadequina and their ComSquanto to Him, who brings Word that we shou'd send one to Parley with Him. We send Mr. Edward Winslow to know his Mind, and signify that our Governor desires to see Him & truck and confirm a Peace. Upon this the King leaves Mr. Winslow in Quadequina and comes over the Brook with a Train of 20 Men, leaving their Bows and Arrows behind them. Capt. Standish and Master Williamson with 6 Musketiers meeGovernor, with Drum, Trumpet, anGovernor kGovernor entertains Him with some Refreshments, and then they agree on a LEAGUE of Friendship, as follows. (re)
1. T
That if they did, He shou'd send the Offender, that we might Punish Him.
3 That if our Tools were taken away ▪ He shou'd Restore them: And if ours did any Harm to any of his, we wou'd do the like to them.
4 If any unjustly war'd against Him, we wou'd aid Him: And if any war'd against us, He shou'd aid us.
5. He shou'd certify his N
6. That when their Men come to us, they shou'd leave their Bows and Arrows behind them, as we shou'd leave our Pieces when we come to them.
7. That doing thus, King JAMES wou'd estee
Brad
in 1645This League hath lasted this 24 Years. To which I may add, yea 30 Years longer, viz. to 16
After this, the Governor conducts Him to the Brook, where they embrace & part; we keepHostages for our Messenger. But Quadequina coming with his Troop, we enteMessenger, and return the Hostages (re)
Mar. 23. This Morning, diverse Indians coming over tell usStandish and Mr. Isaac Al
go venturously to them, whom they welNo
they return to their Place called Sowams
Sowams. and sometimes Pacanoki
which I suppose is afterwards called Mount Hope; and since named Bristol.
B) to the Westward. The King is a Portly Man, in his best Years, grave of CounNarragansetts, who are at War with Him, against whom He thinks we may be som. Strength, our Pieces being terrible to them. But Sam set and Squanto tarry. (re)
This Day we meet on common Business, conMilitary Orders, with some Laws convenient for our prese(re) or rather confirm (B) Mr. CARVER our Governor for the following Year. (re. B)
Mar. 24. Dies Elizabeth, the Wife of Mr. Edward Winslow. (bg)
The first Offence since our Arrival is of Iohn Billington (bg) who came on board at London, (B) and is this Month convented before the whole Company for his Contempt of the Cap(bg)
N. B This M
13 of our Number Die. (bg) And in Three Months paHalf ourComDepth of Winter, wanting Houses and other Comforts, being inDi
sometimes 2 or 3 a Day: of 100 Persons scarce 50 remain: the Living scarce able to Bury the Dead: the Well not sufficient to tend the Sick:
Brewster their Reverend Elder, and Mr. Standish their Captain.
The like Disease fell also among the Sailors; so as almost Half their Company also Die be(B)
But the Spring advancing, it pleases GOD the Mortality begins to cease, and the Sick & Lame recover; which puts new Life into the People, tho' they had born their sad Affliction with as much Patience as any cou'd do. (B)
Apr. 5. We dispatch the Ship with Capt. Iones; who this Day sails from New Plimouth; and May 6 arrives in England (sm. ps)
After this we Plant 20 Acres of Indian Cor
wherein Squanto is a great Help; showing us how to set, fish, dress & tend it, (B) of which we have a good Increase: we likewise sow 6 Acres of Barley
Bradford calls them Wheat and Pease; and says they came to no Good.Pease; our Barley indifferent Good, but our Pease Parched up with the Sun (re)
While we are busy about our Seed, our Governor, Mr. CARVER comes out of the Field very Sick, complains greatly of his Head, with in a few Hours his Senses fail, so as He speaks no more, and in a few Days after Dies, to our great LamentHis Wife deceases about 5 or 6 Weeks after. (B)
Soon after, we chuse Mr. William Bradford our Governor, and Mr. Isaac Allerto
his Assistant: who are by renewed Elections contisundry Years. (B)
May 12. The first Marriage in this Place (B) is of Mr. Edward Winslow to Mrs. Susanna White, Widow of Mr. William White. (bg)
June 18 The second Offence is the first DUELL fought in New England, upon a Challenge at single Combat with Sword & Dagger between Edward Doty and Edward Leister, Servants of Mr. Hopkins: Both being wounded, the one in the Hand, the other in the Thigh; they are adjudg'd by the whole Company to have their Head and Feet tied together, and so to lie for 24 Hours, without Meat or Drink: which is begun to be inflicted, but within an Hour, beGovernor (bg)
July 2. We agree to send Mourt's Relation says, They set out Iune 10 But this being Lord's Day, is very unlikely, and is also inconsistIuly 2 is Monday, when Governor Bradford says we sent tho', to comport with the Rest of the Journal, I conclude that on Monday Iuly 2, they agreed to send, but set not out till the next Morning.
Edward Winslow and Mr. Steven Hopkins with Squanto to see our new Friend MASASSOIT (B) at Pakan
to bestow some Gratuities on Him, bind Him
B. re)
[Tuesday] At Nine this Morning, we set out, travel 15 Miles Westward to Namasket by 3 in the Afternoon. The People entertain us with Joy, give us Bread they call Maizum, & the Spawn of Shads, which they now have in great Plenty, and we eat with Spoons. By Sun set we get 8 Miles further to a Ware, where we find many of the Namascheucks, i. e. Namasket Men, a fishing, having caught abundance of Bass; who welmany TOWNS; the Ground very good on both Sides, for the most part cleared: Thousands of Men have lived Here, who Died of the Great Plague (re) which befell these Parts about 3 Years be(B) Upon this River MASASSOIT lives: It goes into the Sea at NARRAGANSETT BAYFrenchmen use so much. Next Morning, we travel 6 Miles by the River to a known shoal Place: and it being low Water, put off our Cloaths and wade over: Thus far the Tide flows: We observe few Places on the River but what had been inhabited (re) though now greatly wasted by the Plague aforesaid. (B) And so we travel to Pacanokik, where Masassoit kindly welcomes us (re) and gratefully receives our Presents, (B) assures us He will gladly con(re) tells us the Narragansetts live on the other Side of that
Great Bay, are a strong People and many in Number, live compactly, and were not touched with that wasting Sickness: (B) desires us not to let the French Trade with them: and there we Lodge. Next Day, being Thursday, man oSa
or Petty Governors, come to visit us: we see their Games for Skins and Knives, and there Lodge again. Friday Morning, before Sun Rise we take our Leave: Masassoit retainSquanto to procure Truck for us, appoints To
in his Place, whom we had found faithful before and after upon all OccaThat Night we reach to the Ware, and the next Night Home. (re)
July e. Iohn Billington (B) a Boy (re) being lost in the Woods, the Governor causes Him to be enNatives: at length Masassoit sends woNause
He had wandered 5 Days, liv'd on Berries, then light of an Indian Plantation, 20 Miles South of us called Manome
and they convey'd Him to the People who first assaulted us, (B) but the Go
sends 10 Men (re) in a Shallop (B. re) with Squanto, and T
to fetch Him (B. re)
The first Day
Mourt's Relation, and Purchas from it, places this on Iune 11. But this Date being inconsistent with several Hints in the foregoing and following Stories, I keep to Governor Bradford's original Manuscript, and Place it between the end of Iuly and the 13th of August.
Cummaquid, but Night coming on, we Anchor in the midst of the Bay, where we
Next Morning, the In
on the other Side of the Channel invite us to come and eat with them as soon asix of us go ashoar, leaving 4 oSachem, whom they call Iyanough,
Iyanough of Cummaquid, and someIya
of Ma
; which seems to be the Country between Bar
and Yarmouth Harbo
Dinner we take Boat Nauset, Iyanough and two of his Men with us. But thIyanough with his Men go ashoaSquanto to tell Aspinet the Sachem of Nauset, our Errand. After Sun set, Aspinet comes with a great Train of a 100 with Him bringing the Boy; one bearing Him thro' the Water, delivers Him to us. The Sachim makeNarragansetts had spoiled some of Masassoi
's Men & taken Him, which strikes us with some Fear; and setting Iyanough to Cummaquid, & get Home the next Day N
Those People also come & make their Peace, & we give th(B)
H
a Pinese or chief Captain of Masassoit (W) also comes to dwell among us and continues faithful as long as He lives. (B)
Nauset, we find it true that Masassoit is put from his Country by the Narragansetts,
Bradford says nothing of this, nor of Ma
's being either seized or invaded by the Narra
Couba
or Corbitant (B)
Mourt
Smith and Purchas from it, call Him Coubatant, but GoBradford plainly writes Him Corbitant; and Mort
follows HimS
under Masassoit, ever fear'd to be too converNarragansetts, (re) and no Friend to the English (B) is at Namasket, seeking tMasassoit's Subjects from Him, speaks disdainus, storms at the Peace between Nauset, Cumm
and Us, and at Squanto the Worker of it, as also at Tokama
and
However, Squanto and Hobbamak go privately to see what is become of their King and lodge at Namasket, but are discover'd to Corbitant; who besets the House, (re) threatens to kill Squanto and H
for being Friends to us, (B) seizes Squanto and holds a Knife at his Breast, (re) offers to staH
but being a stout Man, clears Him self, (B) concludes Squanto kill'dre) and flieB)
Aug. 13. At this the Governor assembles our Compa(B. re) and taking Council, 'tis conceiv'd not fit to be borne; for if we shou'd suffer our Friends and Messengers thus to be wrong'd, we shall have none to cleave to us, or give usIntel(B) We therefore resolve to
Morrow with Hobamak (re) tSquanto bCorbitant's Head; but hu(B
and retain Nepeof another Sachim in the ConMasassoit. (re)
Aug. 14. Capt. Standish with 14 Men and Hobama
set out (B) in a rainy Day, loose their Way iCorbitant's House a Midnight (re) where three Indians are sorel(B) and Tokamahamon and Squanto safe (re) Corbitan
having only threatened Squanto'B)
N
we march into the midst of the Town, (re) Hobamak telling the Indians wha(B) and we Breakfast at Squanto'
House: Whither all whose Hearts are uprighCorbitant's Faction fled away We declare that if Masassoit does not Return in safety from Narragansett; or if Corbi
shou'd make any Insurrection against Him, oSquanto, Hobamak, or any of Masassoit's Subjects; we wou'd revenge iNight, (re) bringing with us the 3 Wounder Savages, whom we Cure and send Home. (B)
After this we have many Gratulations from diverse Sachems
Capawak send to secure ouCorbi
Himself uses thMasassoit to be Reconciled. (B) Yea CANONICUS chief Sachem of the Narra
sends a Messenger to treat of Peace. (re)
Sept William Alexander (gr) of Scotland, (ps) afterwards Earl of Sterling, having prevailed on King JAMES to send to Sir F. Gorges to assign Him Part of the N
Territory; (gr) Sir F. being entrusted with the Affairs of this Country, advising with some of the Company, yields that Sir William shou'd have a Patent of the North East
of New England, to be held of the Crown of Scotland and call'd NEW SCOTLAND. (ps) Whereupon presently, (gr) viz.
Sept. 10. K. JAMES gives Sir Wm. Alexander a Patent for NOVA SCOTIA; Bounding the same from Cape Sables to the Bay of St. Mary, thence N. to the River St. Croix
Canada River, so down the River to Gachep
thence S. E. to Cape Briton Islands and Cape Briton, thence Cape Sables again; with all Seas and Islsix Leagues of the Western, Northern and Eastern Parts, and within 40 Leagues to the Southward of Cape Briton, & Cap
to be called NOVA SCOTIA, &c. (ps)
Purchas.
Sept. 13 Nine Sachems subscribe an Instrument of Submission to K. JAMES, viz O
Corbi
C
and Apannow. (mn) Yea Masassoit in Writing undeStandish has own'd the King of England to be his Master: Both He and manPame
with diveBays of Pa
and M
: and all this by friendly Usage, Love and Peace, just & honest Carriage, good Coun(re)
Tho' we are told the Massachusetts often threa(re) to Discover the Bay, (B) see the Coun(re) & trade with the Natives: (B) The Governor chuses 10 Men with Squa
and 2 other Savages to go in the Shallop. (re)
Sept. 18. [Being Tuesday] at Midnight, the Tide servingNext Day, get into the Bottom of the Massachusetts Bay,
tw
Leagues North
Plimouth, and Anchor. N
we land under a CliffS
of this Place iObbatinewat,
Obbatinua, who subscribed Sept. 13. last.Masassoit; uses us kindly, and tellTarratines (re) who live to the Eastward, are wont to come at Harvest & (B)) and that the Squaw Sachem or Massachuset
is an Enemy to Him. He submitEngland, upon our Promising to be hiNext Morning, all but two, go ashoaNan
had lived: his HousNatives at first fly from us, but are at length induc'd to meet us Here, and entertain us in the best manthis Bay, the Savages say, are 2 Rivers, one of which we saw, having a fair Entrance: Better Harbour for Shipping cannot be than Here: most of the Islands have been inhabited, being clear'd from End to End; but their InEvening: and before next Day Noon get Home (re) with a considerable Qu(B)
All the Summer no Want: while some were Trading, others were Fishing Cod, Bass, &c We now gather in our Harvest: and as Cold Weather advances, come inStore of Water(B)
Ship at Cape C
and thB) the Indians bring us Word of her bFrenchman: upon our Bay, the Governor orders a Pie
places this on Nov. 11; but Nov. 11 being L
we discover hi(re) of 55 Ton(sm ps) called the Fortune, in which comes Mr. Cushm
with 35 Pers
to live iFamin among us, unless we have a timely Supply. She sail'd from London the Biginning of Iuly, (B) cou'd not clear the Chanel til the End of Aug (sm. ps) & bringCarver, from Mr. Wes
DaLondon Iuly 6We (i. e. the Adventurers)
CHARTER, the best we cou'd ▪ better than your former, and with less Limitation (B) She finds all our People she left in April in Health, except 6 who Died, & stays a Mo
ere she sails for England. (sm ps)
Dec. 11. We have built 7 Dwelling Houses; 4 Masass
thNatives and all the PrinceSeven of them at once sent their Messengers Allo
PRAEand COUNCIL for the Affairs of NEW ENGLAN(re)
Dec. 13. The Sh(sm. ps) viz. the Fortune (B)
Brad
says, we Dispatched Her in 14 Days BSmith and Pur
saying she Month, & ME. W Dating his Letter by this Ship on Dec. 11B
meant 14 Days from b
& Pur
say she was laden witPu
says, somPounds. Mr Cushman returning in her, as the Adventu(B) as she draws near English Coast, is seFrench, carried to France, (B) into the Isle Deu, (sm ps) kep(B) 14 (s
) or 15 Days, robb'd of all she had worth taking: then the People & Ship released, get to London, (B) Feb. 14. (sm ps) or 17. (B)
Upon her Departure, the Governor and his Ass
dispose the late Comers into several M
at Half Allowance, & there(B)
Narragansetts, (B. W.) said to be many Thousands strong, (W)
Fighting Men, (G) notwithstanding their desired and obtained Peace with us in the foregoing Summer, begin to breath forth many Threats against us; so that 'tis the common Talk of all the Indians round us, of their PreCanonicus their chief Sachem (W)
Arrows tied with a Snake Skin, which Squanto tells us iGov. with Advice of others, sends them an Answer, That if they had rather War than Peace, they might Begin when they wou'd; we had done them no Wrong, nor do we fear them, nor shou'd they find us unprovided. By another Messenger we send back the Snake-Skin charg'd with Powder and Bullets: But they refuse to receive it, and Return it to us. (B. W) Since the Death of so many Indians they tho't to Lord it over the Rest, conceive we are a Bar in their Way, and see Ma
already take Shelter under our Wings. (B)
This makes us more carefully to look to our selves, and agree to enclose our Dwellings with strong Pales, Flankers, Gates, &c. (B. W)
Feb. We Impale our Town, taking in the Top of the Hill under which our Town is seatedW) which are lock'd every N(B) The Gov
and
Captain Divide the Company Squad
with Commande(W)
(B W)
This Spring thWest oEng
to thN
] Coasts of New Engl
35 S
to (sm. ps)
Mar b By this Time our Town is imp(B)
Mar. e (B) We Prepare for a second VoyM ss
: But Hobamak tells us, that from som Rumours, He N
and may betraSquan
from somI
However we resolve to proB. W) And
Apr. b. We send our Shallop (B. W) with Captain S
and 10 of our chiHobamak and Squanto. (B) But they had no sooner turn'd the Gurnet or Poin(W) then a Native of Squanto's Family, comes runN
with Cor
and He tho't Ma
were coming (B) to Assault us in the Captain's Ab(W) looking frequently back as if they were just behind Him. Upon thiGovernor orders all to Arms, and a Warning Piece or two to be fired to call back theShallop.
Hobamak is confident foMaster & thinks all is false. Yet the GoverB) to Pacanokik (W) to see how Things are, pre(B) Upon this we discover it to be Squanto Policy to set us against Masassoit, that He being removed out of the Way, Squanto might succeed as principal King of all these Parts of the Coun(W) After which the Shallop proceeds to the Massachusetts, has good Trade and return in Safety. (B)
May. Our Provision being spent (B) a Famin begins to Pinch us, and we look hard for Supply, but none arrives (B)
May e. We spie a Boat at Sea, which we take to be a Frenchman, but proves a Shallop from a Ship (B. W) call'd the Sparrow ▪ (W) which Mr. Weston (B. W) & Beachamp (B) set out a Fishing at Dama
40 Leagues to the Eastward, (B. W) where this Year are 30 Sail of Ships a Fishing. (W) She brings a Letter to Mr. Carver from Mr. Weston, of Ian. 17 (B) with 7 Passengers on his Account, but no Victuals (B. W) nor Hope of any: nor have we ever any afterwards: and by his LetPlantation of his own. (B)
The Boat brings Iohn Huddleston (B) or Huds
a Capt. of a Ship, Fishing at the Eastward, whose Name we never heard before, to inform us of a Massacre oEnglish by the Indians in Virginia, whence
was on March 22 last, (sm ps
beinF
Smith and Purchas reckon up 347 EngGovernor returnWinslow in a Boat of ours to get Provisions oHuddleston reBread as amounts to a Quarter of a Pound a Person a Day till Harvest, and returns in Safety. The Governor causing their Portion to be daily given them, or some had starved. And by this Voyage we not only get a present Supply, but also learn the Way to those Parts for our future Benefit. (B)
At Mr. Winslow's Return, He finds the ColoShel-Fish, they must have Perished. These Extreamities be fel us in May and Iune: and in the Time of these Straits, and indeed before Mr. Winslow went to Monhiggon, the Indians began to cast forth many insulting Speeches, Glorying in our Weakness, and giving out how easy it wou'd be ere long to cut us off, which occasions us to erect a Fort on the Hill above us. (W)
June e. or Iuly b. Come into our Harbour 2 Ships of Mr. Weston's, the Charity (W) of 100 Tons, (sm. ps) & Swan (W) of (sm. ps) with his LetteApr. 10. (B) and 50 or 60 Men, sent at his
Massach
for whPatent,
Smith and Purchas say there were 60 Passengers: Gov. Bradford says -about 60 s
But Morton mistakes in calling the Swan the Spar
& Purchas mistake in saying they come to Supply the Plantation
Weston to B
Manuscript Letter tells us, They came upon noReligiousDesign, as did the Planters of Plimouth. (msl) so they were far from being Puritans.
London alast of April, (sm. ps) the Charity the bigger Ship leaves them, having many PVirginia. (W) We allow this People Housing: and many being Sick, thB) Weston in a Letter owns, that Many of them are Rude and Profane Fellows: Mr Cushman in another writes. They are no M
Squanto, that they are a destinct Body from us, and we have nothing to do with them, nor must be blamed for their Faults, much less can warrant their Fidelity: And Mr. Iohn Pierce in another writes—As for Mr. Weston's Company, they are so b
By Mr. Weston's Ship comes a Letter fIohn Pierce, in whose Name the Plimouth Patent is taken; signifying that whom the Governor admits into the Association, He will apB)
July 16 Our Number is about 100 Persons, all in Health(ps) [i. e Free from Sickness, tho'not from Weakness.] near 60 Acres of Ground well
sm. ps)
This Summer we Build a Timber Fort, both strong and comely, with flat Rool and Battle(B)
Mr Weston's People stay Here the most part of the Summer, (B) while some seek out a Place for them. They exceedingly waste and steal our Corn, and Mas
a Place they judge fit for SettleWichaguscusset (W) or Wesagusquasset, (mn) or Wessagusset (mst) since called Weymouth: Whither upCharity] Virginia, (B) the Body of them go, leav(B) whom our Surgeon by GoWeston com(B) Nor had they been long from us ere the Indians fill ou
Our Crop proving scanty, partly thro' WeakF
must ensue next Year unless p
AugB) come into our Harbour 2 Ships; vSparro
Weston's, who having made her Voyage of FVirginia (W B) where boB) The Disco
Iones, Commander, (B W) in heVirginia HomCape Cod
Virginia. Of her we buy Knives and Beads which are now good Trade, tho' at Cent pe
In this Ship comes Mr. Iohn Porey, who had been Secretary in Virginia, and is going Home in Her: who after his Departure sGo
a Letter of Thanks, Dated August 28Ainsworth's and R
's Works: And after his Return to England, does this poor PWinslow and Mr. Hubbard seem to mistake in thinking Capt. Iones was now bound for Virginia: and Mr. Morton, in thinking Mr. Porey was going Home in Mr. Weston's Ship, wherein his Men came [viz.—The Charity, which Mr. Winslow says sail'd for England at the end of S
or b. of October.] unless Mr. Por
went in the C
from Plimouth to W
and there wrote his Letter of Aug. 28: and then both Mr Winslow and Mr. Morton may be Right, but Governor Bradford mistaken in thinking He was going Home in I
Sept e. or Octob. b. Mr. Weston's biggeCharity Returns to England, leaving his PeoSwan remains with his Plantation for their fur
Shoafter Harvest, Mr Weston's People at the Massachusetts, having by Disorder, much wasted their Provisions, begin to perceive a Want appGovernor to join with us, offer their small Ship for the Service, and Pray to let thGove
condescends to; designing to go rCap
to the Southward, where Store of Corn may be obtained. (B) But are often crRichard Green, Brother-in-law to Mr Weston, who from Him had the Charge of his Colony, Dies sudPlimouth (W) Then Capt. Standish (B W) with Squanto for Guide, (B) Twice sets latter End of October
Brad
seems to mistlatter End of September; when He aft
[i. e. Indian Harvest] thW
's PG
of Plimouth, to join in Trading for Corn, &Captain falling i
Nov. The Governor goes with them: but seeing no Passage thro' the Shoals of Cape Cod, puts into a Harbour at M
That Evening the G
with Squanto and others go ashoar tIndian H
stay all Night, trade with thNatives, get 8 HogSquanto falls Sick of a Feaver, bleedIndians reckoDies desiring the Governor to Pray that he might gEnglish Man's GOD in Heaven, bequethEnglish Friend
as RemembranceMas
find a great Sickness among the Na
not unlike the Plague, if not the same; must give as much for a Quart of Corn as we used for a Bever Skin: The Savages renew their Complaints to our Governor against those English: Thence sails to Nauset, buys 8 oMatta
: Bradford says, they get 26 or 28 Hogsheads of Corn and Beans in all, for both Plantations.Governor causes it to bIndians with it, He procures a GuideNatives by the Way, weary and with galled Feet comes Home: 3 Days afShip comes also; and the Corn being Divided, Mr. Weston's People return to their Plantation. (W)
Jan. CApt. Standish being Recovered, takes anoN
finds the Corn left there in Safety, mends the other Shallop, gets the Corn aboard the Ship: but it being very
Indian Steals some TriflCapt miss'd, He tSachem, rMorrow
S
comes to our Rendevous with many Men, SaCap
licking his Hand and bowing down, delivers the Good
After this the Governor with another CompaNamasket, buys Corn there: WhG
rising among the Natives, ou
The Governor also, with Hobamak and others go to Manomet, a Town near 20 Miles South oPlimouth. stands on a fresh River runing intBay
Manomet Bay: tho' these new ComerNarraganset Bay, which is neaW
Narragansett, which cannoDutch or French or both used to come: I is from Hence to the Bay of Cape Cod about Creek about 6 Miles almost directly towards the
Creek and River are not far distant. Creek runs out Easterly into Cape Cod Bay at Scusset Harbour: and this River runs out Westerly into Monomet Bay: the Distance over Land from Bay to Bay is but 6 Mil
the Creek and River nearly meet in a low Ground: and this is the Place thro' which there haCanal, this 40 Years; which wou'd be a vast Advantage Cape and thro the Shoals adjoining.Sachem of this Place is Caunacum, who (W) Sept. 13. last (mn) with many others own'd themselves Subjects of King JAMES, and now uses the Governor very kindlyGovernor lodging Here in a bitter NightSachem's Custo
Feb. Having not much Corn left, Capt. Standish goes again with 6 Men in the Shallop to Mat
meeting with the like Extreme WeaNatives: Thro' Extremity is forc'd to lodge in their Houses, which they much press with a Design to KILL Him, as after appeared: For now beIndians to deEnglish, tho' to us unknown; but the Captain orIndian Steals some Trifles, which the Capt. no sooner perSachim's House, where most of the PeoplSachem finds out the Party, makes Him return the Goods; and this Act so daunts their Courage, that they dare not attempt any thing against the Captain; but to appease his Anger, bring Corn afresh to Trade; so as He lades his Shal(W)
Feb. e. An Indian comes from Iohn Sanders, the Overseer of Mr. Weston's Men at the Massachusetts (W) with a Letter, shewing the great Wants they were fallen into (B) that having spent all their Bread and Corn (W) wou'd have borrow'd a Hogshead of the Natives, but they wou'd lend Him none: He desired Advice whether He might take it by Force, to support his Men till He returns (B) from Monhiggon; where is a Plantation of Sir F. Gorges, and whither He is going to buy Bread of the Ships that come There a Fishing. (W) But the Governor with others dispatch the Messenger with Letters to diswade Him by all means from such a Violence: (B.W) exhorting them to make a shift as we, who have so little Corn left, that we are forc'd to live on Ground-nuts, Clams, Muscles, &c. Upon receiving our Letters, Mr. Sanders alters his Purpose, comes first to Plimouth: where notwithstanding our Necessities, we spare Him some Corn to carry Him to Monhiggon. (W) And Feb. e. He goes thither with a Shallop, without knowing any thing of the Indian CONSPIRACY before He sails. (W)
Spring go from England to the [Nort
] Coasts of New England, about 40 Ships to Fish; who make a far better Voyage tha(sm)
Mar. b. The Captain having refresh'd Himself, takeManomet for the Corr the Gov. had bought. Captain went into Scussit Harb
which goes up W
towManomet.
Caunacum's House 2 Natives come in from the Massachusetts, thWituwamet, a notable, insultIndian; who had formeFrench and English
Cau
in the Conspiracy: the Weather being cold, they wou'd perswade the Captain to send to the Boat for the Rest of his Company; but He refusingThere
Smith says, Sca
a lusty Savage, &c. But Smith takinWinslow's, I suspect the Scar for There in Smith's written Abridgmea lusty Savage of Paomet, had unNight being exceeding Cold, the Captain cou'd not rest without turnIndian missed his Opportunity. The next Day wou'd fain perswade the Captain to go to Paomet, where He had much Corn, & the Capt. put forth with Him: but the Wind forcing them back, they come to Plimouth. (W)
Captain was at Manomet, NewPlimouth that Masassoit is like to Die, and that a Dutch Ship is driven ashore before his House so high that she cou'd not be got off till the Tides encrease. Upon which the Gov. sends Mr. Edward Winslow & Mr. Iohn Hambden, a Gentleman of London, with Hobamak to visit and help him, and speak with the Dutch. The first Night we lodge at Namasket: Next Day at One, comFerry in Corbitant's Country, and 3 Mile further to Mattapuyst his Dwelling Place, tho' He be no Friend to us, but find Him gone to Pakanokik about 5 or 6 Mi
off: Late within Night we get thither, whence the Dutch had departed about 2 in the Afternoon
Masassoit extream low, his Sight gone, his Teeth six'd, having swallow'd nothing for 2 Days, but using means He surprisingly revives: we stay and help Him 2 Nights and 2 Days: at the End of the latter, taking out Leave He expresses his great Thankfulness: we come and lodge with Corbitant at Matta
who wonders that we being but 2 shou'd be so venturous. Next Day, on our Journey, H
tells us, That at his coming away, Masassoit privately charged Him to tell Mr. Winslow
Plot of the Massachusuks against Weston's People; and least we shou'd revenge it, against us also; that the Indians of Pa
Succonest, since named Falmouth; or Seconet, since named Little-Compton, seems uncertain.Capawak, Manomet and Agaway
are join'd with them; and advises us by alMassachusetts and the Plot wou'd cease; and without Delay, or 'twou'd be too late. That Night we lodge at Namasket, the next Day geStandish had sail'd this Day for the Massachusetts, but contrary Winds had driven Him back, and the Paome
still soliciting the Captain to go with Him. At the same time, Wissapinewat another Sachem, Brother to Obtakiest, Sachem of the Massachusetts, Reveals the same thing (W)
Mar. 23. Being a Yearly Court Day, the Governor communicates his Intelligence to the whole Company, and asks their Advice: who leave it to the Governor, with his Assistant and the Captain to Do as they think most meet Upon this they order the Captain to take as many Men as He thinks sufficient, to go forth with and fall on the Conspirators, but forbare till he makes sure of Wituwamet the bloody Savage before spoken ofCaptain takes but eight least He shou'd raise a Jealousy. (W)
The next Day comes 1 of Weston's Men (W) thro' the Woods to Plimouth, tho' he knew not a Step of the Way, but indeed had lost the Path, which was a happy Mistake; for being Pursued (B) the Indian (W) thereby miss'd Him (B) but by little, and went to Manomet, (W) the Man makes a pitiful Narration of their weak and dangerous State, with the Insults of the Indians over themSavages content, since Sanders went to Monhiggon, theHanged One who had stole their Corn (W) tho' He was Bed rid, (Hudibrass) and yet they were not satisfied: Some Died with Cold and Hunger: one in gathering Shel-fish, was so weak that he stuck in the Mud and was found Dead in the Place: the Rest were ready to starve, & He dare stay no longer. (W) Phineas Prat (mn) & is living in 16H)
The next Day, the Captain sails and arrives There, is suspected, insulted and threatned by the Savages: But at length watching an OpWituwamet and P
a notable Pinese (i. e. Counsellor & Warriour) with another Man, and a Brother of Wituwamet, with as many of his own Men together, He falls upon and after a violent Struggle slays the 3 former with their own Knives, orders the last to be Hang'd, goes to another Place, Kills another, Fights and makes the Rest to Fly, and Mr. Weston's Men Kill 2 more. But the Captain releases the Indian Women, wou'd not take their Beaver Coats, nor suffer the least Discurtesy to be offered them. (W)
Upon this, Mr. Weston's People resolve to leave their Plantation. The Captain tells them for his own Part He dare live Here with fewePlimouth, where they shou'd fare as well as we till Mr. Weston or some Supply comes to them: or if they better liked any other Course, He wou'd help them as well as He cou'd. Upon this they desireHim to let
(B) to Monhiggon (W) where they may hear from Mr. Weston, or have some SupEngland. So they ship what they have, (B) He lets them have all the Corn He can spare, scarce keeping enough to last Him Home, sees them under sail well out of the Massachusetts-Bay, (B. W) not taking of them the Worth of a Penny(B) with some few of their Company who desire it, He Returns to Plimouth: bringing the Head of Wituwamet, which He sets up on the Fort (W)
Thus this Plantation is broken up in a Year: and this is the End of those who being all able Men, had boasted of their Strength and what they wou'd bring to pass, in comparison of the People at Plimouth, who had many Women, Children, and weak Ones with them (B)
While Capt. Standish was gone, the Savage who went to Monamet, returning through our Town was secured till the Captain came back: then confess'd the Plot and says that Obtakies
was drawn to it by the Importunity of his PeoEnglishmen among them. After some time Obtakiest perswades an Indian Woman to come and tell the Governor, He was sorry they were kill'd before He heard from us, or He wou'
But this Action so amazes the Natives, thaSwamps, which brings on them sundry Diseases, whereof many Die: as Caunacum, SaMonamet; Aspinet, Sachem of Nawset ▪ Iyanough, Sachem of Matachiest; and many others are still daily Dying among them. From one of those Places a Boat is sent to the Governor with Presents to work their Peace: but not far from Plimouth is cast away, when 3 are drown'd, and one escaping dare not come to us. (W)
Apr. b. No Supply being heard of nor knowing when to expect any, we consider how to raise a better Crop, and not languish still in Misery We range all the Youth under some Family, agree that every Family Plant for their own Particular and Trust to themselves for Food (B) but at Harvest bring in a competent Portion for the maintenance of Publick Officers, FisherGeneral Way as before: for this End assign every Family a Parcel of Land in Proportion to their Number, tho' make no Division for In
: which has very good Success, makes all industrious, gives Content: Even the Wo(B)
Iohn Mason (H) who had been Governor of Newfoundland, (gr) Sir F. Gorges, and several other Gentlemen of Shrewsbury, Bristol, Dor
and other Places in the West of England, having obtained Patents of the New England Council for several Parts of this Country. (H) They, this Spring (W) send over Mr. David Thompson (H) or Tompson a
Scotchman (W) with Mr. Edward Hilton and his Brother Wm. Hilton, with others, to Begin a Settlement: (H) and Mr. Tompson now Begins One, 25 Leagues North East from Plimouth, neaSmith's Isles, at a Place call'd Pascatoquack. (W) the Place first seiz'd is call'd the Little Har
on the West Side of Pascataqua River and near the Mouth, where the first House is built call'd Mason Hall. But the Hilton's set up their Stages higher up the River at [Cochecho] since nam'd Dover. (H)
This Year [and I conclude this Spring] there are also some scattering Beginnings made at Monhiggon, and some other Places by sundry others. (B) But about Pascataqua River, there seem not many other Buildings erected till after 1631. (H)
Shortly after Mr. Weston's People went to the Eastward, HE comes There Himself with some of the Fishermen, under another Name and Disguise of a Blacksmith; where He hears the Ruin of his Plantation: and getting a Shallop, with a Man or two comes on to see how things are: but in a Storm is cast away in the Bottom of the Bay between Pascataquak and Merri
Morton: Mr. Hubbard therefore seems to mistake in writing Ipswich Bay.
Indians, who pillage Him of all He sav'd from the Sea, and strip Him of all his Cloaths to his Shirt. At length He gets to Pascataquak
Plimouth, and desires to borrow some Bever of us. Notwithstanding our Straits, yet in Consideration of hisNecessity, we letHim have 170 odd P
of Bever, wiEastward, stays his small Ship and some of his Men, buys Provision and fits Himself; which is the Foundation of his future Courses: and yet never Repaid us any thing save Re(B)
Apr. m. We Begin to set our Corn, the setting Season being good till the latter End of May
Months toB)
Having but one Boat left, we divide the Men into several Companies, 6 or 7 in each: who take their Turns to go out with a Net and fish, and return not till they get some, tho' they be 5 or 6 Days out; knowing there's nothing at Home, and to return empty wou'd be a great Discouragement When they stay long or get but little, the Rest goShell fish: and thus we live the Summer; only sending 1 or 2 to range the Woods for Deer, they now and then get one, which we divide among the Company: and in the Winter are help'd with F
and Ground-nuts. (B)
At length we receive Letters from the Ad
in Eng
of Dec. 22 and Apr. 9 last, whI
: and give an Account, that last Fall (B) Octob. 16 (ps) a Ship the Parragon, sail'd from London with Passengers (B) 37 (sm) or r (ps) for New Plimouth: being fitted Iohn Pierce, in whose Name our first
was taken, his Name being only used in Trust: but when He saw we were Here hopeNew-England, He gets another Patent of a larger Extent, meaning to keep it to Himself, allow us only what He pleas'd, hold us as his Tenants and sue to his Courts as chief Lord: But meet(B) in the Downs (mn) the Ship is so bruis'd and leaky that in 14 Days she Return'd (B) to London (mn) was forc'd to be put into the Dock, 100 Pounds laid out to mend Her, and lay 6 or 7 Weeks to Dec. 22, before she sail'd a second time: but being half way over, met middle of Feb which held 14 Days, beat Portsmouth; having 109 Souls aboard, with Mr. Pierce Himself. Upon which great and repeated Loss and Disappointment, He is prevail'd upon for 500 Pounds to resign his Patent to the Company
this Company seems to be meant the Adventurers to Plimouth Colony.
Pounds: and the Goods with Charge of Passengers in this Ship cost the Company 640 Pounds: for which they were forc'd to
Ann of 140 Ton to Transport them, viz 60 Passend of April. (B)
June e. Arrives a Ship with Capt. Francis West who has a Commission to be Admiral of New Eng
to restrain such Ships as come to Fish anNew England Coun
for which they shou'd Pay a round Sum of Money: tell us they spake with a Ship at Sea and were aboard her, having sundry PasWest finding the Fishermen stubborn Fellows and toVirginia; and theiOwners complaining to the Parliament, procurB)
July m. Notwithstanding our great Pains and Hopes of a large Crop, GOD seems to blast them anF
by a Great Drought an
from the t
in May to the mid
of this Mon
M
mistaking Governor Bradford, wrongly plac'd this Droug
in the preceeding Year: and Mr. Hubbard follows Mr. Morton's mistake.(B) both the BladLeagues at Sea, and now
three Months see nothing of Her, only Signs of a Wreck on the Coast, which we can judge no other than She: The most couragious are now discouraged. Upon this the Publick Authority (W) sets apart a solemn Day of Humiliation and Prayer to seek the LORD in this Distress who was pleased to give speedy Answer, to ouIndians Admiration: For tho' iB ▪ W) next Morning distill sucB) Showers (B. W) as give cause of Joy and Praise to GOD: they come without any Thunder, Wind, or Violence, and by Degrees and that Abundance (B) contiDays with seasonable Weather (W) as the Earth is thoroughly soaked, and the deIndians are astonished to behold, and gives a joyful Prospect of a fruit(
At the same time, Capt. Stan
who had been sent by the Governor to buy Provisions, returns with some, accompanied with Mr. David Tompson abovesaid. (W)
Now also we hear of the third Repulse
Bradford nor Mr. Morton give any Hint of this third Repulse.England, and of their Preparing to to come to us. Upon all which, another Day is set apart for solemn and Publick Thanks
(W)
e. (W) Aug (B) comes in the expected Ship the Ann Mr. Wm. Pierce Master: Bradford and from HimMr. Morton, menWest's sailing for Virginia, say, the Ann came in about 14 Days after: and Smith tells us the two Ships came in either the next Morning or not long after the Thanks
Week or 10 Days after (B) Aug. b. (W) arPinnace (B) nam'd the Iames, Mr. Bridges Master (mn) which they had left in fowl Weather, a fine new Vessel of 44 Tuns which the Company had built to stay in the Country: they bring about 60 Persons for the General (B) being all in Health but one who soon Recovers, (W) some being very useful and beome good Members of the Body (B) of whom the Principal are Mr Timothy Hatherly and Mr. George Morton, who came in the Ann; and Mr. Iohn Ienny, who come in the Iames (mn) Some were the Wives and Children of such who came before: and some others are so bad we are forc'd to be at the Charge to send them Home next Year (B)
By this Ship R. C [i. e. doubtless Mr Cus
their Agent] writes, Some few of your old Friends are come: they come dropping to you; and by Degrees I hope ere long you shall enjoy them all, &c (B)
From the General, subscribed by 13 we have also a Letter wherein they sayLet
When these Passengers see our poor and low Condition ashore, they are much dismayed and full of sadness: only our old Friends rejoice to see us & that 'tis no worse, & now hope we shall enjoy better Days together. The best Dish we cou'd present them with, is a Lobster, or Piece of Fish, without Bread, or any thing else but a Cup of fair Sp
: and the long continuance of this Diet with our Labours abroad has somewhat abated the Freshness of our Complexion; but GOD gives us Health, &c. (B)
Aug. 14. The fourth Marriage is of Gov. Bradford to Mrs. Alice Southworth, Widow. (bg)
Sept. 10. (W) The Pinnace (B) being fitted for Trade & Discovery to the Southward of Cape Cod, is now ready to sail Smith says, under Capt. Altom; but either Smith or the Printer perhaps mistook the Name for Ald
this Day, the Ann, having been hired by the Company, sails for London (W) being laden with Clap boards, and all the Beaver and other Furts we have: with whom we send Mr. Winslow, to in(B)
Narrative: and there with also PURCHAS's Account of NEW ENGLAND. And from this Time forward I shall chiefly confine my self to the MANUSCRIPTS.]
Harvest comes; instead of FaminB) Bradford's History reaches to the end of 1646
Sept. m Capt. Robert Gorges Son of Sir Ferdinand with Mr. Morell (B) an Episcopal Miinister (msl) and suMassachusetts Bay, to Begin a Blantation There F. Gorges says, His Son arrived at the Massachu
about the the beginning of Aug. and Mr. Hub
says in the end of Aug. But these seem unlikely; inasmuch as Mr. Winslow sailing from Plimouth on Sept. 10, for London, and There Printing an Account of N. E. to the very Day of his sailing, has not the least Hint of Capt. Gorges Arrival.Weston's People had forsaken; has a CommisCouncil for New England (B) to be their Lieutenant General (gr) or General Go
of the Country; and they appoint for his Council and Assistance, Capt. West the aforesaid Admiral, Christopher Levit,
Esq and the Go
of Plimouth for the Time being, giving Him Authority to chuse others as He shou'd find fit; with full Power to Him and his AsEastwar
with the Ship He came in: but a Storm rising the y bare into our Harbour, are kindly enterDays. Mean while Mr
Weston, having recovered his Ship, & coming in Here, Capt Gorges calls Him to Account for some Abuses laid to his Charge: with great Difficulty Governor Bradford makes Peace beGorg
goes to the Mass
by Land, being thankful for his kind Entertainment. His Ship staying Here, fits for Virginia having some Passengers to deliver There. (B)
The Pinnace being sent about the Cape to Trade with the Narragansetts, gets some Corn and Beaver: yet makes but a poor Voyage; the Dutch having used to furnisB)
Nov. 5 (mn) Some of the Seamen roystering in a House and making a Great Fire in very cold Weather, it brakes out of the Chimney into the Thatch, consumes the House with 3 or 4 more and all the Goods and Provisions in them (B) Smith says there were 7 Houses Burnt: But perhaps by mistake He may account therewith the 2 Burnt in 1621; and Mr. Hubbard seems to mistake in writing as if the Common House were Burnt, whereas the Fire was only right over against it, & greatly endanger'd itl. (sm) the Dwelling where it begun being right against the House which contain'd Store and Provision, was like to Governor and others about Him, is saved.
Ships, who were almost all ashore. But a trusty Company was plac'd within, as well as others who with wet Cloaths and other Means kept off the Fire without: For we suspected malicious Dealing if not plain Treachery: For when the TuLook well about you, for all are not Friends that are near you. And whenthe Vehemence of theFire was over, Smoak was seen to rise within a Shed adjoining to the Store House, which was wattled up withBoughs, in the withered Leaves whereof a Fire was kinFire-brand of an Ell long, lying under the Wall on the Inside, which must be laid there by some Hand(B)
Capt. Gorges Ship sailing for Virginia, sunCompany had sent over Returned in Her: Some because of the Fire, which had burnt both their Houses and Provi(B) one of whom was Mr. Hatherly (mn) and other
out of Discontent and Dislike of the Country. (B)
TOwards the Spring, after Capt. Gorges and Mr. Weston had been to the Eastward, Mr. Weston comes again to Plimouth, then sails for
Virginia.
the Sickness at Bristol in England, in the Time of the Civil War. (B)Gorges not finding the state of Things to answer his Quality, with some who depended on Him, Returns to England: some of his People go to Virginia; and some fMorrell stays about a Y
after the Governor, and then takes shipSuperintendency over the Churches Here, but never show'd it. And thusecond Plantation at the Massachusetts Ended. (B)
This Spring there go about 50 English Ships, to Fish on the Coasts of New England. (sm)
[This Spring] within a Year after Mr. David Tompson had began a Plantation at Pascataqua, He removes to the Massachusetts Bay and posIsland aNeck of Land, which is after confirmed to Him by the General Court of the Massachusetts Colony. (H)
About this Year [and I conclude this Spring] the Fame of the Plantation at New Plim
being spread in all the Western Parts of England; the RevWhite (H) a famous Puritan Minister
Echard's History of England.
Dorchester, excites several Gentlemen There to make way for another SetNew England: who now on a comPlantation at Cape Ann: employ Mr Iohn Tilly their Overseer of Planting; and Mr. Thoma
of the Fishery for the pre
This Y
[and I suppose this Spring] Mr. Henry Iacob who had set up an Independant Church in England in 1616, with the Consent of his Church goes to Virginia: where soon after He Dies: But upon his Departure, his Congregation chuse Mr. Lathrop their Pastor. Neal's History of the Puritans.
Iohn Lathrop, who about 10 Years after comes to Scituate in Plimouth Colony]
The Time of our Electing Officers for this Year arriving, the Governor desires the People, both to change the Persons and add more Assi
to the Governor for Council and Help: showing the Necessity of it; that if 'twere a Benefit or Honour, 'tis fit others shou'd be ParEnd of Yearly Elections. (B. mn) Yet they chuse the same Governor, viz. Mr. Bradford: (H) But whereas there was but 1 Assistant, they now chuse 5 and give the Governor a double V
Mar. b We send our Pinnace to the Eastward a fishing: but arriving safe in a Harbour near Damarin's Cove, where Ships used to ride, some Ships being There already arriv'd from England; soon after, an extraordinary Storm drove Her against the Rocks, broke and sunk Her There: the Master and 1 Man drowned; the others sav'd; but all their Provisions, Salt and Lading lost Shortly after, (B) viz in
Mar. (mn) Mr. Winslow (B) our Agent, (mn) comes over in the Ship Charity and brings a pretty
Ship comes a Fishing, a Thing fatal to this Plantation He also brings a Bull and 3 Heisers, the first Cattle of this kind in the Land: but therewith a sad Account of a strong Faction among thRobinson and the Rest from Leyden. (B)
By Mr. Winslow we have several Letters (1) from Mr. Robinson to the Governor, dated Ley
19 [I suppose New Style; but in ours, Dec 9] 1623: wherein he writes with great Concern and Tenderness about our Killing the Savage Conspirators at the Massachusetts; says, O how happy a thing had it been that you had converted some before you had killed any! &c Squanto was converted.same toMr. Brewster, Dated Leyden Dec. 20 [I suppose New Style; but in ours, Dec. 10] 1623. whereinHe writes of the deferring of their desired Transportation, thro' the Opposition of some of the Adventurers: 5 oThem above all others; 5 or 6 are their professed Adversaries; the rest more indifferent, yet influenc'd by the latter, who above all others are unwilling that HE shou'd be Transported, &c. (3) From R. C. [I conCushman at London, dated Ian. 24 1623, 4; wherein He writes, they send a CAKetches, a Lighter and 6 or 7 Shallops; a SALT-MAN to make Salt; and tho' not the most eminent, for whose Going (says He) Mr. Winslow and I gave way
to give Content to some at London: the Ship to be laden as soon as you can and sent to Bilboa: to send Mr. Winslow again: We have taken a PATENT for CAPE ANN, &c. (B)
This Spring the People requesting the Gov. to have some Land for Continuance, and not by Yearly Lot as before; He gives every Person an Acre to Them and Theirs, as near the Town as can be; and no more till the 7 Years expire, that we may keep close together for greater Defence and Safety. (B)
The Ship is soon discharg'd and sent to Cape-Ann a fishing, and some of our Planters to help build her Stages to their own Hindrance: but thro' the Drunkenness of the Master which the Adventurers sent, made a poor Voyage; and wou'd have been worse, had we not kept one a Trading There who got some Skins for the Company. (B)
The Fishing Masters sending us Word, that if we wou'd be at the Cost, they wou'd help to weigh our Pinnace near Damarin's Cove, and their Carpenter shou'd mend Her; We there(B)
June 17. Born at Plimouth to Governor Bradford, his Son William; who afterwards becomes Deputy Governor of the Colony.
Deputy Governo
's Original Table-Book written with a black Lead Pencil.
This Month, Dies Mr. George Morton, a gra(mn)
The SHIP CARPENTER sent us is an honest and very industrious Man, quickly builds us 2 very good and strong Shallops
Lighter, and had heKetches; but this is spoilt; for in the Hot Season of the Year, He falls into a Feaver and Dies to our great Loss and Sorrow. (B)
But the SALT-MAN is an ignorant, foolish and selfwill'd Man; who chuses a Spot for his Salt-Works, will have 8 or 10 Men to help Him, is confident the Ground is Good, makes a Carpenter rear a great Frame of a House for the Salt and other like Uses; but finds HimPans. The next Year, is sent to Cape Ann; and there the Pans are set up by the Fishery: but before the Summer is out, He burns the House and spoils the Pans: and there's an End of this ChargeB)
The MINISTER is Mr. Iohn Lyford, whom a Faction of the Adventurers send, to hinder Mr. Robinson. At his Arrival appears exceedGovernor used in weighty Matters to conBrewster with the Assistants, so now He calls Mr Lyford to Council also. But Mr. Lyford soon joins with Mr. Iohn Oldham a private Instrument of the Factious PaEngland, whom we had also called to Council in our chief Affairs without Distrust: yet they fall a Plotting both against our Church and Government, and endeavour to overthrow them. (B)
August 22 following.Ship (B) wherein Lyford came (mn) setting sail towards Evening; the Governor takes a Shallop, goes out with Her a League or 2 to Sea, calls for Lyford's and Oldham's Letters, opens them, and finds their Treachery: Mr. Wm. Pierce now Master of thGovernor returns in the Night, brings some of their Letters back, but keeps them private, till Lyford and his few Accom
which the Factious Part of the Adventur(B)
Upon this the Governor calls a Court, sumLyford and Oldham with Plotting and Writing against us; which they Deny. The Gov
Letters: they are confounded and convicted: Oldham being outragious wou'd have rais'd a Mutiny; but his Party leaves Him: and the Court Expellpresently, tho' his Wife and Family have Leave to stay the Winter, or till he can make Provision to reNatasco (B) i. e. Nantasket (mn. H) [at the EnMassachusetts-Bay] where the Plimouth People had before set up a Building to accommodate their Trade with the Massachusetts: and there Mr. Roger Conant and some others with their Families retire and stay a Year and some few Months. (H) LYFORD has Leave to stay six Months; owns his Fault before the Court, that all He had written is False, & the Sentence far less than He deserves; afterwards confesses the same to the Church with many Tears, begs Forgivness, and is re(B)
Aug. 5. The ninth Marriage at New Plimouth is of Mr. Thomas Prince with Mrs. Patience Brewster, (bg) [He is afterwards Governor: and by thinow in the Country.]
Aug. 22. Notwithstanding Lyford's Protestations and the Kindness shown him; He in a Month or 2 Relapses; and thisDay, writes by the Pinnace another Letter to the AdventureGovernor. (B) [This Pinnace seems to sail for London and Mr. Winslow in Her.]
This Year comes some Addition to the few Inhabitants of Wessagusset, from Weymouth in England: who are another sort of People than
msl) [& on whose Account I conWeymouth] Barnard their first Non
whoDies among them: But whether He comes before or after 1630, or when HDies is ye(msl) nor do I any where find the least Him of Him, but in the Manuscript Letter, taken from some of the oldest People at W
At New Plimouth, there are now about 180 Persons; some Cattle & Goats, but many Swine and Poultry; 32 Dwelling Houses: the Town is impaled about half a Mile in ComFort well built with Wood, Lime and Stone, and a fair Watch Tower. The Place it seems is Healthful: for in the 3 last Years, notwithstanding their great Want of most Necessaries, there hath not one Died of the first Planters: And this Year, they have freightShip of 180 Tuns, &c. (sm)
The General Stock already employed by the Adventurers to Plimouth, is about seven thousand Pounds. (sm)
At Cape Ann there is a Plantation beginDorchester Men, which they hold of those of New Plimouth; who also by them have set up a Fishing Work (sm)
And Here SMITH Ends his Account of NEW ENGLAND]
THis Winter Mr. White with the Dorchester Adventurers, hearing of some Religious Persons lately remov'd from New-Plimouth to Nantasket fromDislike of their rigid Principles, among whom was Mr. Roger Conant, a piConant to manage their Affairs at Cape Ann, both of Planting and Fishing: and Mr. White engages Mr. Humphry their Treasurer to signify to Him the same by Writing. They also invite Mr Lyford to be Minister to the Plantation, and Mr Oldham to manage their Trade with the Natives. (H)
Mar. 27. Lord's Day, King JAMES I, of Great Britain Dies Howes Continuation of Stow's Annals.AEt. 59: havingReigned over Eng
22 Years and over Scotland above 57] and his only Son CHARLES I, AEt. 25 succeeds Howes Continuation of Stow's Annals.Benj Hubbard's Sermo Secularis.
This Year, (mn) comes over Capt Wollaston, with three or 4 more of some Eminence Dudley says there came 30 with Capt. Wollaston; in his Letter to the Countess of Lincoln, of March 28. 1631, Printed in 8 vo at Boston, 1696.Plantation. They Pitch on a Place in the Massachusetts-Bay, (B) since named Brain
on the Northerly mountainous Part thereof (msl) which they call Mount Wollaston: among whom is one (B) Thomas (mn) Morton: who had been a kind of petty Fogger at Fur
's Inn. (B)
This Spring, at our Election Court, Oldham, tho' forbid to Return without Leave; yet oB)
While this is doing Mr. Winslow and Mr. Wm Pierce land from England, and bid them spare neither Him nor Lyford: for they had plaEngland had the like Bickerings with ours There about Lyford's calumnious Letters, &cLyford's Party chose Mr. White a Councellor at Law; the other chose the RevH
Moderator; and many Friends on bothSides coming in, there was a great AssemWinslow made so surprizing a Discovery of Lyford's Carriage when MiniIreland, for which He had been forc'd to leave that Kingdom, and coming to England was unhappily lit on anN
as struck all his Friends (B)
White and the Dorchester Gentlemen, had been impos'd upon with respect to Lyford and Oldham, and had sent Invitations to them before this Discovery. And as by many PasHubbard, it appears He had never seen Gov. Bradford's History; for want thereof he is sometimes in the Dark about the Affairs of Plimouth, and espeLyford and Oldham, as also to Mr. Robinson.
Lyford with some of his Friends, go after Oldham to Natasco, (B) where receiving the Invitation of the Dorchester GenLyford removes with Mr Conant to Cape Ann: but Mr. Oldham chuses to stay aNantasket and Trade for Himself. (H)
But upon this Decision, the Company of AdPlimouth brake in Pieces; two Thirds of them deserting us: yea some of Ly
's and Oldham's Friends set out a Ship (B) under one Mr. Hewes, (H) and getting the start of ours, they take our Stage and other Provisions made for Fishing at Cape Ann the Year before to our great Charge, and refuse to restore it without Fighting: Upon which we let them keep it, and our Governor sends some Planters to help the Fishermen build ano(B)
Hubbard tells us, that Capt. Standish, who had been bred a Soldier in the Netherlands, arriving at Cape Ann, Demands the Stage in a peremptory Manner. And the others refusing, the Dispute grows hot, the Captain seems resolv'd to attack them and recover hisRight by Force of Arms: but thePrudence of Mr. Conant & the Interposition Mr. Wm Pierce who lay just by, pre
Winslow write on Dec. 18. 1624We cannot forget you, nor our Friendship and Fellowship we have had some Years—our hearty Affections towards you (un
London] more than 2 Years; so now there is an utter Breach and Sequestration.—The Company's DEBTS are not less than 1400 l. and we hope you will do your best to free them.—We are still perswaded, you are the People that must make a Plantation in those remote Places when all others fail. We have sent some Cattle, Cloaths, Hoes, Shoes Leather,
but in another Nature than formerly, having committed them to the Charge of Mr. Aland Winto sell as our Factors, &c. The Goods are order'd to be sold at 70 per Cent Advance—a thing tho't unreasonable and a great Oppression. The Cattle are the best Commodity. (B)
They send also 2 Ships a Fishing upon their own Account: the one is the Pinnace which had been sunk & weigh'd as before; the other a large Ship, which makes a great Voyage of good dry Fish, that wou'd fetch 1800 l. at Bil
or St. Sebastian's, whither her Owners had ordered Her: but there being a Rumour of a War with France, the Master, timerous, Plimouth & Portsmouth, whereby He llesser Ship is fill'd with goodly Cor fish took on the Bank, with 800 Weight of Beaver, beEnglish Channel, almost within sight of Plimouth: when a Tu
takes the lesser and carries Her Sally, where the Master and Men are made Slaves, and many of the Beaver Skins sold for four Pence a pi(B)
In the bigger Ship, Capt. Standish goes ouStandish first went in the smaller Ship with the Furr, which at first was the only Ship bound for England; but after the Master of the greater Ship determin'd for England too, that the Captain got into Her, and so escaped the Slavery.New England Council to oblige the others to come to a ComState being full of Trouble and the Plague very hot in London; there Die such Multitudes Weekly, that Trade is dead, little Money stirCouncil to Promise their Helpfulness to our Plantation: but our remaining Adventurers are so much weakened by their Loss of the Fish, and of the Ship the Turks had taken, they can do but little. (B)
Mean while GOD gives us Peace and HEngland] but what we first bro't with us. After Harvest, we send a
Boat Load of Corn 40 or 50 Leagues to the Eastward up Kennebeck River; it being one of those 2 Shallops our Carpenter built the Year before, for we have no larger Vessel. We had laid a Deck over her Mid ship to keep the Corn dry: but the Men were forc'd to stand in all Weathers without any Shelter, and the Time of Year begins to grow tempestuous: but GOD preserves and prospers them; foWinslow and some old Standards; for Seamen we have none. (B)
Some time this Fall
Hubbard, who says that MrConant and Lyford with their FNantasket a Year & some few Months, till the Door was open'd for their Remove to Cape Ann.
Lyford's PeoNantasket remove to Cape Ann, a Place more convenient for the Fishery; and there stay about a Year But Mr. Conant finding a more commodious Place for Plantation a little to W
on the other Side of a Creek call'd Naumkeak; secretly conceives in his, Mind, that in after times, as is since fallen out it may prove a Receptacle for such in England as on the Account of Religion wou'd be willing to settle in these Parts of the World; & gives an Intimation of it to hisFriends in England. (H)
Dec. 23 From Dec. 22. 1624. to this Day, there Die of the Plague in London and Westminster, 41, 313. (Howes)
a Year's Experience, the Dorchester Adventurers being disappointed of their Expectations, throw up their BusinessWhite, a chief Founder under GOD, of the Massachusetts-Colony, being griev'd so good a Work shou'd fall to the Ground, writes to Mr. Conant, not to desert the Business; and Promises that if Mr. Conant with 3 others whom He knew to be honest and prudent Men, viz. Iohn Woodberry, Iohn Balch, and Peter Palfreys, wou'd stay at Naumkeak, He wou'd procure them a Patent, and send them Men, Provisions, and whatever they write for to trade with the Natives. (H)
This Spring a French Ship is cast away at Sagadehock: wherein are many Biscay Rugs and other Commodities, which fall into the Hands of the People at M
and other FisherDamarin's Cove. (B)
About a Year after we had sent Oldham aVirginia, being in extream Danger; He makes a free and large Confession of the Wrongs He had done the Church and People at Plimouth; and as He had sought their Ruin, the LORD might now destroy Him; bes(B)
Apr. b. We hear of Capt. Standish arriving in l. tho' at 50 per C
; which his Expence deducted, He laid out in suitable Goods, and has prepareNews He brings is sad in many Regards;—not only of the Losses mention'd, whereby some of our Friends are disabled to help us, and others Dead of the Plague; but also that our Dear Pastor Mr. ROBINSON is Dead, (B) about the 50th Year of his Age, (H) which strikes us with great Sorrow. His & our Enemies had been continually Plotting, how they might hinder his coming Hither; but the Lord ha(B)
Mr. Roger White in a Letter from Leyden of Apr. 28, [i. e. Apr. 18 our Style] 1625, to the Governor and Mr. Brewster, has the following Words—It has pleas'd the Lord to take out of this Vale of Tears, your and our Loving and Faithful Pastor, Mr.
He fell Sick Saturday Morning, Feb. 22. [i. e. Feb. 12. our Style, 1624, 5] Next day Taught us Twice—On the Week grew Weaker every Day, feeling little or no Pain—Sensible to the last—Departed this Life the first of March [i. e. Saturday, Feb. 19 ourStyle, 1624, 5] Had a continual inward Ague— All his Friends came freely to Him— And if Prayers, Tears or Means wou'd have sav'd his Life, He had not gone Hence—We still hold close together in Peace-wishing that you and we were again together, &c(B)
Our other Friends at Leyden also write us many Letters full of Lamentations for their
(B)
Baylie's Suggestion, Gov. Bradfor
and Gov. Winslow tell us, that Mr. ROBINSON & his People always liv'd in great Love and Harmony among thems
as also with the Dutch with whom they sojourLeyden in 1714, the most ancient PCity had such a Value for them, as to let them have one of their C
in the Chan
whereof He lies Buried, which thEngl
still enjoy: and that as He was had in high Esteem both by the City and University, for his LearnSon ISAAC came over to Plimouth Colony, liv'd to above 90 Years of Age: a venerable Man, whom I have often seen, and haCounty of Ba
Our Captain also brings us Notice of the Death of our ancient Friend Mr. Cushman
Governor a few Months beIames Sherley; who was a chief Friend of the Plantation, and lay at the Point of Death, de(B)
now at the lowest, the Lord so helps us, as we are not only upheld, but begin to rise, and our Proceedings both honoured and imitated by others. (B)
Having now no Business but Trading and Planting, we set our selves to follow them. The People finding Corn a Commodity, having Sold it at six Shillings a Bushel, they use great Diligence in Planting: and the Trade being retain'd for the general Good, the Governor and other Managers apply it to the best AdMonhiggon, bePlimouth [in England] is to brake up, and divers Goods to be sold; the Governor with Mr. Winslow, take a Boat and with some Hands go thither; Mr. David Thompson, who lives at Piscatoway, going with us on the same Design, we agree to buy all their Goods and divide them equally. Our Moiety comes to 400 l. we also buy a Parcel of Goats which we destribute to our People for Corn to their great Content. We likewise buy the French Goods aforesaid, which makes our Part arise to above 500 l: and which we mostly Pay with the Beaver and Commolast Winter, and what we had gathis Summer. (B)
After Harvest, with our Goods and Corn, we get such Store of Trade, as to discharge some other Engagements, viz. the Money took up by CStandish, with the Remains of former
(B)
This Year [and I suppose in the Fall] we send Mr. Allerton to England, to finish with the Adventurers, take up more Money, and buy us Goods. (B)
Sometime this Fall, Mr. Conant with the People who came to Cape Ann, Remove a third time, viz. to Naumkeak aforesaid, on a pleasant and fruitful Neck of Land, embrac'd on each Side with an Arm of the Sea, since nam'd SALEM; answer Mr. White that they will stay on his Terms (H) and Mr. Lyford removes with them. (B)
Conant lives about Salem to 1680, when He deceases. (H)
Captain Wollaston having continued at Mount Wallaston some Time, and finding Things not answer his Expectation, He carVirginia, writes back to Mr. Rasdall one of his chief Partners to carry another Part, and appoints Mr. Fitcher his Lieutenant till He or Rasdall returns. But Rasdall being gone, Morton exFitcher and set up for themselves; forcing Fitcher to seek his Bread among his Neighbours, till he can get England
(B)
Hubbard says, The Capt. spent much Labour, Cost and Time in Planting at Mount Wallaston(H) It seems most likely that He tried the Crop of
and the Aut
is the usual Time for tN. E. Fishing Ships to go to Virginia.
Boat, especially in the Winter Season, we consider how to get Pinnace. And having no Ship-Builder, but an ingenious House Wright, who wrought with our Ship Carpenter, deceased; at our Rebigger Shallop across the middle, lengthens her five or six Foot, strengthens Her with Timbers, builds Her up, decks and makes her a convenient Vessel. The next Year we fit Her with Sails and Anchors, and She does us Service seven Years (B)
In the Beginning of Winter, a Ship with many Passengers bound to Virginia, the Master Sick, loose themselves at Sea; have neither Beer, Wood, nor Water left: In fear of starving Steer towards the Coast to find some Land: run over the dangerous Shoals of Cape Cod in the Night, they know not how: come right before a small obscure Harbour about the middle of Monamoyack Bay; at high Water, touch the Bar; towards Night beat over it into the Harbour, and run on a Flat within close to the Beach; where they save their Lives and Goods. Not knowing where they are, as the Savages come towards them in Canoes, they stand on their Guard: but some of the Indians asking if they are the Gov
Plimouth's Men, and offering to bring them or their Letters, they are greatly revived: send a Letter with 2 Men to the Governor, intreating Him to send them Pitch, Oakum, Spikes, &c. to mend their Ship, with Corn to help them to Virginia. Those being abroad a Trading, who were fit to send, the Governor goes himself in a Natives. And it being no Season of the Year to go with out the Cape, He sails to the Bottom of the Bay within, into a Creek call'd Naumskaket; whence 'tis not much above 2 Miles across to the Bay where they are: has Indians to carry the Things: is received with Joy: buys of the Natives as much Corn as they want: leaves them thankful: returns to the Boat, goes into other adjacent Harbours, buys and loads with Corn and comes Home. (B)
Brad
and from Him Mr. Mort
place the Begin
1626.
NOT many Days after the Governor came Home, the People at Monamoyack
Virginia. We readily help to transportFells & Sils
who have many Servants. Upon their coming to Plimouth and being somewhat settled, seeing the Winter before them, and like to be thVirginia; the Masters desire some Ground to employ their Servants, clear, plant, and help
(B)
[About mid March] we receive Messengers from the Governor of the Dutch Plantation, with Letters written in Dutch and French, Dated from the Manhatas in the Fort Amsterdam, March 9 1627, [i. e. New Style, which is Feb 27. 1626, 7] Sign'd Isaac de Rasier, SecreMorton saying that de Rasier, not long after, comes to Plimouth; thence Mr. Hubbard mistakes in Thinking He comes this Year: whereas 'tis plain from Gov. Bradford, that he comes not Hither till the Year succeeding.
Years after our Coming. In their Letter, They congratulate us and our prosperous and praise worthy Undertak
: Offer us any of their Goods that may be serviceable to us, declare they shall take them
Mar. 19 We send the Dutch our obliging Answer, express our thankful Sense of the Kindness(B)
This Spring, at the usual Season of the Ships ComingAllerton Returns: having taken up for us 200 l at 30 per Cent, laid them out in suitable GoodsOctober 26 last, which they Sign'd November 15; a Draught of which, He brings for our Acceptance: wherein we allow them 1800 l. Paying 200 at the Royal Exchange every Michaelmas, the first Payment to be in 1628: in Consideration of which the Company sell us all their Shares, Stocks, Mer(B)
Upon this, to make all Easy, we take every Head of a Family, with every young Man of Age and Prudence, both of the first Comers and those who have since arriv'd, into Partnerone for his Wife, one for every Child living with Him; and every one shall Pay his Part toward the Debts according to the Shares He holds; which gives Content to all. We accordingly Divide one Cow and two
six Shares; and Swine, tho' more in Number, in the same Proportion: to every Share 20 Acres of tillable Land by Lot, besides the single Acres (B) with the Gardens and Homesteds (mn) they had before; the most abutting on the Water Side, five in Breadth and four in Depth: but no Meadows laid out till many Years after, because being strait of Meadow, it might hinder Additions to us; tho' at every Season, all are order'd where to mow, in Proportion to their Number of Cattle. (B)
Morton and Company at M Wallaston, havNatives; they spend the same in Rioting and Drunkenness; drinking 10 l. worth of Wine and Spirits in a Morning: set up a May-Pole, get the Indian Women to drink and dance about it, with worser Practices; as in the Feasts of Flora, or like the madBacha
; and change the Name to Merry
as if this Jollity were to last for ever. (B)
Goods they had gotten of the European Ships, and the May-Pole now erectedNew England.
[May and June] May and Iune; because in the ArIuly following, this Pinnace is said to be lately Built at MONAMET.Pinnace at
Monamet, a Place on the Sea, 20 Miles to the South: to which by another Creek on this Side, we transport our Goods by Water within four or five Miles, and then carry them over Land to the Vessel; thereby avoid our compassing Cape Cod with those dangerous Shoals, and make our Voyage to the Southward, with far less Time & HThere also build a House, and keep some Servants; who Plant Corn, rear Swine, and are always ready to go out with the Bark: which takes good Effect, and turns to Advantage (B)
June 27. Howes.
Continuation of Baker's Chronicle.
Rushworth.
Wednesday
Howes.
Duke of Buckingham
Howes.
Continuation of Baker's Chronicle.
Rushworth.
Ships
Howes.
Rushworth.
Portsm
[in England] for the Isle of Rhee on the Coast of France, and Begins the WAR with that Kingdom Continuation of Baker's Chronicle.
Rushworth.
July. But besides the Discharge of our heavy Enour great Concern is to help over our Friends at LEYDEN; who so much desire to come to us, as we desire their Company. The Governor therefore, with Mr. Edward Winslow, Th
and Isaac Allerton, now run a great Venture; and hire the Trade of the Colony for 6 Years, to begin the last of next September: and for this with the Shallop
Pinnace lately built at Monamet, with the Stock in the Store-House; we this Month, undertake to Pay the 1800 l. with all other Debts of the Plantation amountl a Year in Hoes and Shoes, sell them for Corn at 6 s. a Bushel; and at the End of the Term return the Trade to the Colony. (B)
The latter End of the Summer, the Virginia People at Plimouth, sell us their Corn, go Thicouple of Barks; and afterwards, se(B) And [now it seems] Mr Lysord sails with some of his People also to Virginia, (H) and there shortly Dies. (B)
With the Return of the Ships we send MrAllerton again to England. (1) To conclude our Bargain with the Company and deliver our nine Bonds for the Paying the 200 l. at every Michaelmas for 9 Years. (2) To carry our BeaPatent for a fit Trading Place on Kennebeck River; especially since the Planters at Pascatoway and other Places Eastward of 'em, as also the Fishing Ships envy our Trading There, and threaten to get a Patent to exclude us; tho' we first discover'd and began the same, and bro't it to so good an Issue. (4) To deal with some of our special Friends in London to join with the said eight Undertakers, both for the Discharge of the Colony's Debts, and the helpL
Nov. 6. Mr. Allerton concludes our Bargain with the Company at London delivers our Bonds and receives their Deed. (B)
Dec 27. Mr. Sherley from London writes to the Plmouth People, as followsThe sole Cause why the greater Part of the Adventurers ma
LEYDEN PEOPLE—and assuredly unless the LORD he mer
LORD shou'd send Persecution Here, which is much to be feared, and should put into our Minds to fly for Refuge; I know no Place safer than to come to you &c. (B)
About this Year,
Lincolnshire, fall into Discourse about New England & the Planting of the Gospel there: and after some Deliberation, we [says DDudley] impart oLon
and the West Country: where it is at length so ripened as to Procure a Patent [for the MASSACHUSETTS COLONY] Dud
's aforesaid Letter to the Countess of L
MR. Allerton having settl'd all Things in a hopeful way, Returns in the first of the Spring with our Supply for Trade. The Pisherset forth in Winter, and be Here betimes. He has Paid the first 200 l. of our 1800 to the Adventurers; as also all our Debts to others, except Mr Sherley, Beachamp and Andrews, to whom we now owe but 400 and odd Pounds: informs that our said three Friends and some others will join us in our six Y
and will send to Leyden for a Number to come next Year.
next Year, as also THAT we have at HOME to our great Charge. He likewise brings us one Mr. Rodgers, a young Man, foMinister. (B)
Mar. 19 The Council for New England sell to Sir H
Sir Iohn Young, Knights, Thomas Southcoat, Iohn Humphry, Iohn Endicot and Simon Whetcomb, Gent. Manuscript Book of Charters in the Hands of the Hon. Thomas Hutchinson,
Esq
Dorches
in England (H) their Heirs and Associates that Part of New England between Merrimack Riv
and Charles River in the Bottom of the Massachusetts Bay; and 3 Mile to the South oCharles River and of the Southersaid B
; & 3 Miles to the North of every Part of said Merrimack River; and in Length within the Breadth aforesaid from the Atlanti
to the South S
&c. Manuscript Book of Charters in the Hands of the Hon. Thomas Hutchinson,
Esq
After some time, Mr. White brings the Dorchester Grantees into Acquaintance with several other Religious Persons in and about London, who are first Associated to them, then buy their Right in the Patent
Massachusetts Colony Charter and Records, it seems the three former wholly sold their Rights; the t
retaining theirs in eqPlantation in the Massachusetts Bay on the Account of RELIGION; wherNonconformists may Transport themselves & enjoy the Liberty of their own Perswasion in Matters of Worship and Church Discipline. Soon after, the Company chuse Mr. (H) MATTHEW (Mcr) CRADOCK, Governor, Mr. (H) THOMAS (Mcr) GOFF, Dep. Governor, with other Assistants (H)
The New Plimouth People having obtain'd their Patent for Kennebeck, now erect a House up the River, in a convenient Place for Trade: and furnish it both Winter and Summer, with Corn and other Commodities, such as the FishEngland, we buy of the Fishing Ships; and so carry on the Business as well as we can. (B)
This Year [and I conclude this Spring] the Dutch send to us again from their Plantation, both kind Letters and divBark to our House at Manomet: their SecreRasier comes with Trumpeters, but not being able to travel to us by Land, desires us to send a Boat within side [the CaManonscusset, and bring him with the chief of his Company to Plimouth After a few Days Entertainment, He returns to his Bark: some of us go with Him, and buy sundry Goods. After which Beginning, they often send to the same Place; and we trade together divers Years, sell much Tobacco for Linens, Stuffs, which proves a great Benefit to us, till the Virginians find out their Colony (B)
Fort Orania, and perswading we shall find it so at Kennebeck Upon this we buy about 50 l. worth. At first it sticks, and 'tis 2 Years before we can put it off; till the Inland Indian: come to know it, and then we can scarce procure enough for many Years together. By which and other Provisions we quite cut off the Trade both from the Fishermen and straggling Planters And strange it is to see the great Alteration it in a few Years makes among the Savages: For the Massachusetts and others in these Parts had scarce any; it being only made and kept among the Pequots & Narragansetts, who grew Rich and Potent by it; whereas the Rest who use it not are poor and beggarly. (B)
Hitherto the Natives of these Parts have no other Arms but Bows and Arrows, nor many Years after. But the Indians in the Eastern Parts, having Commerce with the French
English Fisher
follow their Example: but upon Com(B)
Iames: And the Massachusetts Colony Records of Iuly 28, 1629, as also Mr. Hubbard say, this Proclamation was issued in 1622.
Wife and Company. This Day sails in the Ship Abigail, Henry Gauden, Master, from Weymouth in England, for Nahumkeak in New England, (Mcr)
Bills of Lading being Sign'd on Iune 20 (Mcr) I Place their Sailing Here. But from the odd Way of reckoning the 4th of March next, to be in 1628; Dep. Governor Dudl
Mr. Hubbard and others wrongly place Mr. Endicot's Voyage, after the Grant of the Royal Charter, whereas He came above 8 Months before. And Dep Governor Dudley says, We sent Him and some with Him, to Begin a Plantation; and to s
Dorand some Places adjoining.
Massachusetts Patentees at London, to carry on the Plantation There, make Way for the settling a Colony, and be their Agent to order all Affairs, Patentees th(H)
Sept 13. Mr. Endicot writes of his safe Arrival at N
to Mr. Matthew Cradock one of the Massachusetts Company in London, which Mr. CRAFeb. 13 following. Crado
's Original Letter among the Mcr compar'd with the Copies of Letters in the first Book of Record
of the County of Suffolk.
Endicot come Mr. Gott, Brackenbury, Davenport, Capt. Trask and others: who go on comfortably in Preparing for the NewColony. (H)
Among those who arrive at Naumkeak, are Ralph Sprague, with his Brethren Richard and William; who with 3 or 4 more, by Governor Endicot's Consent, undertake a Journey, and travel the Woods above 12 Miles Westward.
Mishawum, beMistick & Charles Rivers, full of Indians, named Aberginians. Their old Sachem being Dead, his Eldest Son call'd by the English JOHN SAGAMORE is Chief; a Man of a gentle & good Disposition: by whose free Consent they settle Here; where they find but one English House, thatch'd and pallizado'd, possess'd by Thomas Walford a Smith. Town of Charlestown Records; wrote by Mr. Increase Nowell, afterward Town Clerk of Charlestown and Secretary of the Massachusetts Colony.
That worthy Gentleman Mr. Endicot, coming over for the Government of the Massachusetts
Bradford and Mr. Morton seem to mistake in saying, He came with a Patent under the Broad Seal for the Government of the Massachusetts.
Merry Mount causes the May-Pole to be cut down, rebukes them for their Profaneness, admonishes them to look there be better Walking, and the Name iMount Dagon. (B)
But Morton and Company, to maintain their Riot, hearing what Gain the French and Fishermen made by selling Guns, with Powder and Shot to the Natives; He begins the same Trade in these Parts, teaches how to use them, employIndians in Hunting and Fowling for Him; wherein they become more active than any English, by their swiftness of Foot, nimblenesMorton sells them all He can spare, and sends to England for many more. The neighbouring English who live scattered in diverse Places and have no Strength in any, meeting the Indians in the Woods thus arm'd, are in great Terror: and those in remoServants: for Morton receives any, how vile soever; and they with the discontented will flock to Him, if this Nest continues: and the other English will be in more Fear of this debauched and wicked Crew than of the Savages themselves. The chief of the straggling Plantations therefore, from Pascatoway, Naumkeak, Winisimet, Wesaguscusset, Natasco and other Places, meet, and agree to solicit those of Plimouth, who are of greater Strength than all, to join and stop this growing Mischief, by suppressing Morton and Company before they grow to a further Head. Those of Plimouth receiving their Messengers and Letters, are willing to afford our HelpWho has to do with Him; declares He will tradePieces with the Indians in Despight of all, &c. We send a second time, to be better advis'd; for theCountry can not bare the Injury; it is against their common Safety, and the King's Proclamation. He sayThe King's Proclama
; and threatens, if any come to molest Him, let them look to themselves, He'll prepare for 'em. Upon this, they see no Way but Force: and therefore obtain of the Plimouth Governor to send Capt. Standish with some Aid to take Him. The Captain coming, Morton arms his Consorts, heats them with Liquor, bars his Doors, sets his Powder and Bullets on the Table readyCaptain summons Him to yeild: but has only Scoffs, &c. At length Morton fearing we shou'd do some Violence to the House, He and some of his Crew come out to shoot the Captain: At which the Captain steps up to Him, puts by his Piece, takes Him, enters the House, disperses the worst of the Company, leaves the more modest There, brings Morton to Plimouth: where he is kept till a Ship going from the Isle of Shoals to England, He is sent in Her to the New England Council, with a Messenger and Letters to inform against Him, &c: yet they do nothing to Him, not so much as rebuke Him, and he returns next Year. (B)
This Year [and I suppose this Fall] we send Mr. Allerton our Agent again to London; to get our Kenebeck Patent enlarg'd and rectified, as also This at Home enlarg'd, and help our Friends from Leyden (B)
This Year, Dies Mr. Richard Warren; a useful Instrument, and bare a deep Share in the Difficulties attending the first Settlement of New Plimouth. (mn)
This Year, the Massachusetts Patentees at London send several Servants to Naumkeak: but for want of wholsome Diet and convenient Lodgings, many Die of Scurvys and other
(H) Upon which Mr. Endicot hearing wPlimouth have a very skilful Doctor, viz Mr. Fuller (B) Deacon of Mr. Ro
's Church, skill'd in the Diseases of the Country which the People at Naumkeak are fill'd with, (H) sends to our Governor for Him, who forthwith sends Him to their Assistance. (B)
Bradford, and Mr. Morton from Him, seem to mistake in blending the s
at Naumkeak of 1628 and 29 together; and writing aFuller went first Thither to help in the Sickness introduc'd by the Ships in 29: whereas by Gov. Endicot'May 11, 1629, it appears that Dr Full
had been t
to help them; which was aboMonth be
Feb. 16. MR. Cradock, at London, in his Letter to Capt. Endicot at Naumkeak says,
We are thoro'ly inform'd of the safe Arrival of your self, your Wife and the rest of your good Company in our Plantation, by your Letters of
Sept. 13, which came to hand the 13th I
— Our Company are much enlarged since your Departure— There's 1 Ship bought for the Company, of 100 Tuns, and two more hired of 200; 1 of 19, the other of 20 Ordnance: in which Ships are like to be sent between 2 and 300 Persons to reside There, and about a 100 Head of Cattle— I wrote you by Mr. Allert
of New Plimouth in November— It is resolv'd to send 2 Ministers at least with the Ships now to be sent— Those we sWhite of Dorchester and MrDavenport— I account our Ships will be ready to sail Hence by the 20th of next Month. (cl)
The Massachusetts Company, for promoting their great Design, first consider where to find 2 or 3 able Ministers to send: not doubting but if they meet with such, they shall have a considerable Number of Religious People to go with them; especially if there be grounded Hopes of an Orderly Government, to Protect the People and promote the Cause of RELIGION among them, as well as their civil Rights and Liberties. For which they with one Consent agree to Petition the King to Confirm their afor
to themselves and Associates by a ROYAL CHARTER, (H) Mr. White an honest Councellor at Law, and Mr. Richard B
furthering the same. (j)
Mar. 2. Monday, at a Meeting of the Massachusetts Company in London, Present the Governor, Dep, Mr. Wright, Vassal, Harwood, Coulson, Adams, Nowell, Whetcomb, Perry & Huson,
Na
sGovernor iCradock; and by Dep. G
Mr. G
: who seem to be chose to those OfficePa
from the New England C
Coney propounding in behalf of the Boston Men that 10 of them may subscribe 10 l. a Man in the joint Stock, and with their Ships to adventure 250 l. more on their own Account, and provid(M
Massachusetts Company, K. CHARLES by CHARTER confirms their Patent of the MASSACHUSETTS COLONY to them, i. e. to the aforesaid Sir Henry Rosewell, Sir John Young, Thomas Southcot, Iohn Hum
and their Associates, viz. Sir Richard Saltonstal
Isaac Iohnson, Samuel Aldersey, Iohn Ven, MATIncrease Nowell, Richard Perry, Richard Bellingham, Nathaniel Wright, Samuel Vassal, Theophilus Eaton, THOMAS GOFF, Thomas Adams, Iohn Brow
Samuel Brown, Thomas Hutchins. Wm
and George Foxcroft, their Heirs and Assigns for ever: that they and all who shall be made free of their Company, be for ever a Body Corporate and Politic, by the Name of the Governor and Company of the MASin NEW ENGLAND, & have perpetual Succession: that there shall be for ever a Governor, Deputy Governor, and 18 As
chosen out of the Freemen of said ComGovernor; THOMAS GOFF 1st Dep. Governor; and the 18 Printed in Italica, be the first Assistants: that on the last Wednesday in Easter Term yearlGovernor, Dep. Governor, and all other Officers, shall be in the General Court held that Day, newly chosen by the greater Part of the Company: that they may have 4 General Courts a Year, viz. the last Wed
in Hillary, Easter, Trinity and Michael
Terms for ever; which may admit Free mEngland: that the Governor and Company and their Successors and Assigns may carry Peo(bc)
Chronologies at the End of Mr. Danforth's AlCamb
1649: of Mr. I
's at London, 1651; and of Mr. Foster's at Boston, New England, 16Charter to be granted by Parliament.
Mar. 9 At a Meeting of the Massachusetts Company in London, Iohn Washborn entertained Secretary for one whole Year; and directed to call on all such as have Charge of Provision for the Ships now bound to New England, that they may be dispatch'd by the 25th of this Month at furthest. (M
Mar. 10 At a Meeting of the Massachusetts Com
in London; Mr. Thomas Graves of Grave
Gent, agrees to go to New England, and serve the Company, as a Person skilful in Mines of Iron, Lead, Copper, mineral Salt and Allom, Fortification of all So(Mcr)
Mar. 23. Governor CRADOCK sworn in Chancery (H) Dep. Governor GOFF and eleven Assistants sworn, as also Mr. George Harwood sworn Treasurer.
Hubbard mistakes (1) in thinking Mr Cradock now chosNowell aHarwood is sworn Treasurer on April 6.Massachusetts Company this Day at London, Mr. Nowell giving Intimation by Letters from Mr. Iohnson, that Mr. HIGGINSON of Leicester, an able (Mcr) and eminent (H) Minister (Mcr) Silenc'd for Non(H) to go to our PlHumfrey to ride presently to Leicester: and if Mr. Higginson can conveHilder sha
of Ashley, de la Zouch. (Mcr)
Iohn Davenport first time mention'd as Present aMarch 30April 8, Aug. 28 & 29, Oct 15, 19 and 20, Nov. 25, and Dec. 15 following: In that of Oct. 20, He is stiled Clerk, and of Dec. 15, Minister (Mcr) By which I conNew Haven and of Boston in NEW ENGLAND.
Mr. Higginson being address'd both by Mr. Humfrey and White, He looks upon it as a Call from GOD: and in a few Weeks, is with his Family, ready to take hisFlight into this Savage Desart. (H)
Apr. 8. At another Meeting of the Massachusetts Company in London; Mr. FRANCHubbard happens by mistake to call him Iohn.
(Mcr) another Nonconformist Minister of Lincolnshire, (H) and Mr. FRANCIS BRIGHT entertain'd by said ComMinisters for the Plantation, to labour both among the English and Indians: Mr. Hig
having 8 Children, is to have 10 l. a Year more than the others: Mr. RALPH SMITH a Minister, is also to be accommodated in his Passage thither. (Mcr)
Apr. 16. Sixty Women and Maids, 26 Children, and 300 Men with Victuals, Arms, Apparel, Tools, 140 Head of Cattle, &c, in the Lord Treasurer's Warrant [to go to New England] (Mcr)
Dudley therefore seems too short in saying about 300 People, with some Cows, Goats and Horsedd)
Company's Committee Date theiGravesend to Mr. Endicot; whereit they say,—
For that
the Propagating of the Gospel is the thing we profess above all, iGodly Ministers viz. Mr. SKELTON, in the George Bonaventure
Talbot; and in the Lyon's Whelp, Mr. BRIGHT, trained up undeDavenport: And as the Ministers have declar'd themselves to us to be of one Iudg
and to be fully agreed in the manneSuffolk County Records.
Puritan; and Mr. Hubbard seems mistaken in supposing Him a Confor
unless He means in the same Sense as were many Puritans in those Days; who by particular Favour omitted the more offensive Ceremonies and Parts in the Common Prayer; while for the Unity and Peace of the Church, and in Hopes of used the other.
Apr. 21. The Georg
now rides at the Hope; the Talbot and Lyon's Whelp at Blackwall
Suffolk County Records.
Apr. 30. Hubbard mistakes April 10 for April 30.General Court of the Massachu
in London. There are 3 Ships now to go to NEW ENGLAND—And the CompanGovernor and Council
of LONDON'S PLANTATION in the MASSAin NEW ENGLAND: Elect Mr. ENDICOT Governor, and Mr. Higginson, Skelton, Bright, Iohn and Samuel Brown, Thomas Graves and Samuel Sharp to be of the Council: the said Governor and Council may chuse 3 others; the Planters chuse 2 more: of which 1Councellors, the Governor and major Part may chuse a Deputy Governor and Secretary: that they all continue a Year, or till this Court appoint others: that the Governor or in his Absence the Deputy may call Courts at Discretion; and therein, the greater Number whereof the Governor or Deputy to be always one, have Power to make Laws not repugnant to the Laws of England. Order Copies of this Act be sent by the first Conveyance (Mcr) and a Commission is accordingly sent to Mr. Endicot, &c. (H)
George Bonaventure sails from the Isle of Whight: May 11, sail from Thence the Lyon's Whelp and Talbot (scr) Being all 3 full of Godly Passengers (cm) with the 4 Ministers, for the Massachusetts: (Mcr. H) the Planters in the Lyon's Whelp go from Somerset and Dorset (csr) and within a Month (cm) are 3 more Ships to follow. (Mcr)
Lord's Day; PEACE between GREAT BRITAIN and FRANCE Proclaim'd at London (hs)
Po
mistakes in saying March 20: and Salmon in saving May 20.
Fuller of Plimou
being well vers'd in the Discipline of Mr. Robinson's Church, and acEndicot therewith; on
May 11. Governor Endicot writes a most grateful and Christian Letter to Gov. Bradford; wherein He says — I acknowledge my self much bound to you for your kind Love and Care in sending Mr. Fuller among us: and rejoice much that I am by Him satisfied touching your Iudgments of the outward Form of GOD'S WORSHIP. It is as far as I can yet gather no other th
LORD in mercy reveal'd Himself unto m
GChildren must not look for less here below, &c (B)
Hubbard mistakes in thinking this Letter wrote to obtain the Doctor's Help; when it plainly appears a Letter of Thanks for his Help received.(B) 'tis the Foundation of the future Christian Love & Correspondence which are ever after maintain'd between the 2 Govern
and their respective Colonies. (H)
May 13. At a General Court of the Massachusetts C
in London, Mr. CRADOCK (M
a pru(H) chosen Governor; MDeputy; Mr. HARWOOK, Treasurer; Mr. WM BURGESS, Secretary, for the Year ensame Assistants; only Mr. En
and Mr. Iohn Brown being out of the
Iohn Pocock and Mr. Chr. Coulson are chose in their Room. (Mcr)
Hubbard styles This the second Court of Election; when by the Royal Charter, it is the first: tho' by Virtue of the former Patent from the New England Council, iGov. &c the Y
May 21. At a Court of Assistan
of the Massachu
in London: For the present AcLondon Plantation in NEW ENGLANDHalf an Acre within the Plat of the TownAcres more to every 50 l. AdventureAcres more to HimselfAcres for themselves or more, as the Governor and Council There thin(Mcr)
Hubbard mistakes in placing this on May 13
May 25 Mr. Sherley writes from London to GovernoBradford—
Here are now many of your an
our Friends from Leyden coming over—A good Part of that End obtain'd, which was aimed at (by us) and has been so strongly oppos'd by some of our former Adventurers— With them we have also sent some Servants in the Talbo
that went Hence lately: but these come in the May Flower. (B)
June 3. The Committee of the Massachusetts Company at London, write from Gravesend, to Gov. Endicot and say—
We now send 3
Ships; the
May-Flower, Four Sisters, and Pilgrim.—The Charge of their Freight, Men and Victuals stand us in 2400 l, &c. (scr) and they sail from England before Mr. Allerton can get ready to come away (B)
June 24 Mr. Higginson (cm) & [either the same Day, or] some time this Month (mn) the other Ministers with the People in the 3 first Ships, arrive aNaumkeak, which they now name SALEM, from that in Psal. lxxvi. 2. (H)
Mr. Graves, with some of the Company's SerMisha
; to which with Gov. Endicot's Consent, they give the Name of CHARLESGraves lays out the Town in two Acre Lots to each Inhabitant: and [after] builds the Great House for such of the Company aPublick Worship. (tcr)
Charlestown Records Here mistake in placing thiGraves comes not over till Iun
1629 (Mcr) And as by Dep. Governor Dudley's Letter, there was a great Mortality among the Engilsh at the M
in the Winter 1629, 30; so by Capt Clap's Accoone House and some few English at Charl
in Iune succeeding.
Of the 4 Ministers, Salem needing but 2; (H) Mr. Smith goes with his Family to some stragNatasco: (B) but Mr. Bright disagreeing in Judgment with the other two, removes to Charlestown: where he stays above a Year. (H)
Some Plimouth People putting in with a Boat Natasco, find Mr. Smith in a poor House that
Plimouth: and seeing Him to be a grave Man, and understanding he had been a Minister, they bring Him Hither; where we kindly entertain Him, send for his Goods and Servants, desire Him to exercise his Gifts among us; afterwards chuse Him into the Ministry; wherein He remains for sundry Years. (B)
Endicot at Salem sets apart this Day for solemn Prayer with Fasting, and the Trial and Choice of a Pastor and Teacher: thForenoon they spend in PraAfternoon, about their Trial and Election: chusing Mr Skelton Pastor, Mr Higginson Teacher: and they accepting: Mr. Higginson, with 3 or 4 more of the gravest Members of the Church lay their Hands on Mr. Skelton with solemn Prayer: then Mr. Skelton, &c the like upon Mr. Higginson: & Thursday Aug 6, is appointed another DaChoice of Elders and Deacons, and Ordaining them. (B)
Charles Gott, Dated, Salem, July 30Bradford: and it bring wrote between Iuly 20 and Aug. 6, must be an undoubted Record of past Matter of Fact on Iuly 20.
Tuesday, at
of the Massa
at London; Governor Cradock reads certain Proposals conceiv'd by HimselThat for the Advancement of the Plantation, the inducing Persons of Worth and Quality to transplant themselves and Families Thither, and
other weighty Reasons mention'd; To Trans
This occasions some Debate: but Defer the Consideration and Conclusion to the next General Meeting: and agree to carry the Matter secret, that it be not divulged (Mcr)
The Religious People at Salem, designing to settle in a Church State, as near as they can to the Rules of the Gospel, apprehend it needful for the 30 who Begin the Church, to enter soHoly Word, and then Or
to the several Offices to which they had been chosen. Mr Higginson being desired, draws up a Confession of Faith and Church Covenant according to Scripture: thirty Copies are written, one delivered to every Member: and the Church at Plimouth invited to the Solemnity, (mn. H) that the Chur
at Salem may have the Approbation and Concur(H)
Aug. 6 (B. mn)
Hubbard mistakes the 9th for the 6th of Aug.
Thursday (B) the aptwo Ministers; in the End of the Day (mn) the said Confession and Covenant being read in 'the Publick Assembly, are solemnly consented to: and they immediately proceed to Ordain their Ministers; (mn. H) as also Mr. Houghton a Ruling Elder; being seperated to
Church thereto; Sk
and Higginson had been MiniOrd
by Bishops in the Church of England; t
was only to the Care of this Particular Flock, founded on their free Election. But as there seemImposition of Hands; the Former on Iuly 2Latter of Aug. 6, th(msl) Gov Bradford and others, as Messengers from the Church of Pli
being by cross WindRight Hand of Fellowship, wishing all Prosperity to these hop(mn. H)
But two of the Passengers observing the MiCommon Prayer nor Cere
but professed to exercise Discipline upon s
Persons, and that some scandalous Ones were d
into the Church; begin to raise some Trouble, to gather a sepaGovernor convents the 2 Ringleaders before Him: and finding their Speeches and Practices tend to Mutiny and Faction; send those two back to England at the Return of the Ships the same Year, and the Disturbance c(mn)
General Court of the Massachusetts Company at London; ordered that Mr. Wright, E
with others they think
against Removing the chief Government of the Company to NEW ENGLAND; and that Sir R. Saltonstall, Mr. Iohnson, Capt. V
with others they think fit, prepare Arguments for the Removal; that both Sides meet to morrow Morning at 7, con(M
Aug. 29. The said Committee's Meeting and makThat the Patent & Government of the Plan
NEW ENGLAN(Mcr)
Aug.—Thirty five of our Friends with their Fami
from Leyden arrive at New Plimouth. They were shippLondon in May with the ShipSalem: which bring over many Pious People to Begin the Churches There and in the Massachusetts Bay. So their being th(B)
The Charge of our Leyd
is reckoned on the severaFamilie
sl. sol some 30 l as their Number & ExpUndertakers Pay for Gratis; besidM
before they have a Harvest of their own Production. (B)
An infectious Sickness grew at Sea among the Salem Passengers, which spread among those ashore, whereof many Died; some of the ScurLeyden People thro' the Goodness of GOD escaped it. (B)
Mr. Allerton returns without accomplishing the Enlargement and Confirmation of our Plimouth Patent But gives great and just Offence this Y
in bringing over Morton, using Him as hiMerry Mount. (B)
This Year [and I suppose this Fall] wAllerton again for England, to conclude our Patent, &c. and Mr Rodgers, the Minister which Mr. Allerton brought over last Year, proving craz'd in his Brain, we are forc'd to bthis Year, and loose all the Cost expended in bringing Him over; which was not small, in Provision, Ap(B)
General Court of the Massachusetts Company at London; Letters read from Capt Endicot, & others—by the Lyon's Whelp & Talbot, now come (Mcr)
Tu
at a General Court of the Massac
in London—Desire the GoEagle of 400 Tuns, for the Safety, Honour and Benefit of the Planta(Mcr)
Thur
at a G
of the Mas
in London—Agree thaMinisters and Building conveniChurches
Houses of Publick Worship are also called Churches in the Record of Feb. 10 succeeding. (Mcr)(Mcr)
Dudley and Winthrop the first time mentioned at this Meeting: (Mcr) and Mr. Dudley says, that Mr. Winthrop of Suffolk, well known for his Piety, LiberEngland in Apr. 1630. (dd)
Octob. 19. Monday, at a Meeting at the Dep Gov'
General C
the Governor and Assistants be chosen fo
[of the Massachusetts Colony] in NEW ENGLAND. (Mcr)
Davenport, Mr. White the Preacher, Mr. White the Couns
Mr. Winthrop, Dudley, &c. present Mcr)
Octob. 20. Tuesday, at a General Court of the Massachusetts Company at London, chuse a Committe
for the Planters, another for the Adventurers, to draw up Articles betwWhite of Dorchester with Mr. Davenport to be Umpires between them. White and Davenport are Present, and Cl
in the List of Members (Mcr)Governor representing, the special Occasion of summonElection of a New Governor, Deputy, and Assistants
Governor for the ensuing Year, to Begin this DayDep. Governor: and for Assistants, Sir R. Saltons
Mr Iohnson, Dudley, End
Mr Harwood still Treasurer, (Mcr) [and by the same kind of Writing I supBurgess Secretar
]
Nov. Friday, at a Court of Assistants of the Mas
in London—Mr. Cradock informing of 1200 l. still owing for MarineTalbot, May-Flower, and Four Sisters; order it to be Paid before other Debts. (Mcr) [By which it seems that those Ships are now returned to England].
Nov. 25. Wednesday, at a General Court of the Massachus
at London—Read a Letter of Sept. 5, from Governor Endicot and others in NEW ENGLAND. Mr. White moving, that the Business may be proceeded in with the first Intention, which was chiefly the Glory of GOD; and to this Purpose that their Meeting may be sanctMinisters resident in London, whose Advice wou'd be likewise requisite on many Occasions; the Court admits into the Freedom of this Company, Mr. Io. Archer and Mr. Philip Nye, Ministers in London: who being present, kindly accept thereof. Mr White also recommends to them, Mr. Nathaniel Ward of Standon. (Mcr)
General Court of the Massachusett
in London, chuse 10 Undertakers; who with much Intreaty accept the Charge of the sole Management of the Ioint Stock for 7 Years; Mr. Aldersey to be their Treasurer: and order them to Provide a sufficient Number of Ships of good Force for Transporting Passengers, at 5 l. a Person & Goods at 4 l a Tun, London by the 1st of March: that sucking Children shall not be reckon'd; those undShip of 200 Tun shall not carry above 120 Passengers com
Goods Homeward, the Freight shall be; for Furr, 3 l a Tun; for other Commodities, 40 s a TunAssurance, 5 l. per Cent: that the Undertakers furnish the Plantation with all Commodities they send for, at 25 per Cent above all Charges: but the Planters are free to dispose their Half Part of the Furr, and to fetch or send for any Commo(Mcr)
This Year, the Inhabitants on PISCATAQUA RIVER enter into a Combination for the ErectGovernment among themselves. (msl)
Combina
JCouncil for NEW ENGLAND, in conhis Associates have for these nine Years
People, and are on all Occasions able to relieve any new Planters oWilliam Bradford, his Heirs, Associates and Assigns of all that Part of NEW ENGCohasset Rivulet towards the North, & Narraganset
towards the South, the Western Ocean towards the East, & between a straight Line directly extending up into the main Land towards the West from the Mouth of Narragansett River to the utmost Bounds of a Country in NEW ENGLAND called Pacanokit alias S
Westward, and another like straight Line extending directly from the Mouth of Cohasset River towards the West so far into the main Land Westward as the utmost Limits of the said Pacanokit or Sawamset extend: as also all that Part of NEW ENGLAND between the uLimits of Capersecont or Comascecont which River K
and the Falls of Negumk
with the said River it self and the space of Miles on each Side between the Bounds abovesaid: with all Prerogatives, Rights, RName or Title; with Liberty to them & their Successors to make Orders, Ordinances and Constitutions, not contrary to the Laws of England for their better Government, and put the same in Ex(bc)
Hubbard says that in 1629 [i. odd Account, but in the Iulian Year, 1630] the Plimouth People obtain another PATEarl of Warwi
and Sir F. Gorges Act; and a GRANT from the King for the Confirmation thereof, to make them a Corporation in as ample Manner as the Massachusetts. (H) Now This is tPatent; but the King's Grant miscarries. DeputDu
also mistPlimouth Peo
had obPa
from King C
; their Pat
being only from the Council for NEW
Feb. 10 Wedn
at a General Court of the Massa
at London—Forasmuch as the Furtherance of the Plantation will require a great and continual Charge that cannot be defrayed out of the Ioint Stock, which is order'Trade; it is propounded that another common Stock be rais'd from such as bare good Affection to the Colony and the PropagPublick Charges, as maintaining M
and all other Publick and necAcres of Land bP
and sH
chosen Treasurer for this Account. MrR
now also chosen and sworn Assi
in the RS. Sharp, who by reason of Absence had not taken the Oath (Mcr)
Court in England (Mcr)
England] a Fleet of 14 Sail furnish'd with Men, Women, Children, all NePlantation in NEW ENGLAND, between 42 and 48, North Latitude: but stay at South Hampton and thereabouts till May, to take (hs)
Feb [which I Brist
thaSqu
from Plimout
thM
1 in Iune
dd) Howes.
latter End of 1629 latter End of 1629 according to the odd way of Reckoning is the Beginning of 16Iulian Year: And by Capt. Clap's Account; thiNew England Voyage, & preparatory to it.Congregational Church (msl) is by a Pious PRog
's MemoirManuscript.
(msl) in the New H
at Plimouth in Engl
when they keep a Day of solemn Prayer and Fasting; that worthy Man of GOD, the Rev. Mr White of Dorch
being present Preaches in the Fore Part of the DMinisters the Rev. Mr. I
a famous Preacher at E
and the Rev. Mr. Iohn Maverick a Minister who lived 40 Miles from Exeter, to be their Offi
: who expressing their Acceptance (crc) are at the samordain'd th(msl)
Ministers by Bishops in the Church of En
: and they are now only s
This Winter Die in the Massachusetts Col
above 80 English (dd) and among the rest, Mr. Houghton a Ruling Elder of the Church of Salem: But Mr. Samu
chosen Ruling El
There, serves in the Office till about 1657, 8. (msl)
(msl) and I conclude is the same who was chosAssistant. Apr. 20. and Oct. 20. 1629. But whether chosen Ruling Elder at the same Time with Mr. Houghton, or after his Decease seems uncertain.
Sherley at L
writes to Gov Bradford, &c.
Those who came in
This is another Company oMay, and thesnow sent, must some while be chargeable both to you and us.Leyden Friends, who are ship'd in thBeginning of March, & arrive [in NEW ENGlatter End of May: and the Charg of this last Company comes to above 550 l: i. e. of transporting them from Holland to Eng
their lying There, with Cloathing and Passage Hither; besides the fetching them from Salem and the Bay
New Plimouth Undertakers Pay Gratis; besides the providing them Housing, preparing them Ground, and maintaining them with Food for 16 or 18 (B)
Mar. 18. At a Meeting of the Massachusetts Assistants at South H
— Present the Governor, SiR Saltonstall
Iohnson, Dudley, Humfrey ▪ No
; they chuse Sir Brian
and Simon Bradstreet' GE
and G ff of Lond
and Mr Wright, all Merchants: and Sir Brian is accordingly swor(M
Hubbard is mistaken in supposing these not chosen till March 23.
Sherley [at Bristol] Bradford, &c.
That Mr
N B. The Allerton got GEarl of Warwick and Sir F. Gorges, all that Mr. Winslow desir'd in his Letters and more: then sued to the KING to Confirm their Grant and make you a Corporation, and sMassachusetts: which the King Granted, referring the Lord K
tSollicitor to draw it up: the Lord Keeper further'd it all He cou'd and so the Sollicitor: But as Festus said to Paul, With no small Sum I obtain'd this Freedom; many RidLord Treasurer for his Warrant to Free the Custom for 7 Years inward and 21 outward, He refus'd, but reCouncil Table: and there Mr Allerton attended Day by Day when thPierce's staying at Bristol with all the Passengers, He was forc'd to leave thClause about the Customs was not tho'Colony, nor much regarded, but unhappily put in by Mr. Allerton and Sherley's Device: Hint from the like AdvanMassachusetts Colony Charter.
Charter without all Question had been then finished, having pass'd the King's Hand: but by
never accomplished, but above 500 l. vainly and lavishly cast away about it. (B)
Mar. 19 Mr. Sherley and Hatherly at Bristol, write to the Plimouth Unde
That they
two with Mr Andrews and Beauchamp of London, have taken a PATENT for PENOBSCUT, to carry on a Trade with the Natives There; that they employed Mr. Edward Ashley a young Man to manage it, and furnish'd Him with large Provisions; that Mr. Wm Pierce is joined with them, because of Landing Ashley and his Goods There, & will bend his Course accordingly; with 4 or 5 stout Fellows, one of them a Carpenter, with a new Boat & Boards to make another; and moving us to join them. (B)
Mr. Allerton accordingly returns (this Spring) to NEW ENGLAND: and as soon as Ashley lands at Penobscut, about 80 Leagues (North East) of Plimouth, Ashley writes, and after comes to be supplied with Wampampeag & Corn against Winter: so with much Regret we join, and give 'em Supplies to our great Prejudice: but with Ashley we consort Thomas Willet, a discreetLeyden, in whom we can confide. (B)
Dudley telling of a S
that sail'd from England for NEW ENGLAND in F
1629, 30. It seems to be this Capt. Wm. Pierce with Mr. Allerton, Ashley, &cBradford beginning 16March, draws all thisAccount of the Charter, Allerton, Ashley, &c. into 1629.
Warham and Maverick with many Godly Families and People under their Care (crc) from Devonshire, Dorse
and Somerse
with MR ssiter and Ludlow, two Assistants of the Massachusetts Company (crc. H) and Mr. Roger Clap, AEBoston Harbour] this Day sail from Plimouth in England (crc) in the Mary and Iohn (H) a Ship of 400 Tuns, one Squeb MasterMassachusetts (crc)
Mar 23 Mr. Coddington, Bradstreet and T Sharp, formerly chosen AssistanMassachusetts Colony, now take their Oath [
] And this Day, at a Court of Assistants on Board the Ar
; PWinthr
Sir R. Saltons
Mr Io
& Bradstreet; Mr. Humfrey being to stay behind, is discharged of his DepuDeputy Governor. (Mcr)
last Record of the Massachusetts Company in England.
Mar. 29. M
the 4 Principal Ships; viz the Arb
of 350 Tuns, 28 Guns, 52 Seamen. Io
says this was the Eagle, now nam'd Arbella in Honour of the Lady Arbella, Wife to that piousGenIsaac Iohns
Esq and the Massachusetts Colony Records say, she was of 400 Tuns.Talbot, the Ambrose, and the Iewel, now riding at Cowes, and ready to sail; Mr. Crad
this Morning being aboard the Arbella, advises them to sail; the Rest viz. the May Flower, the Whale, the William & Francis
Tryal, the Charles, the Success & the Hopewell, being at Hampton not yet Ready; and takes Leave of his Friends: At 10 they weigh (H) [and gY
in the Isle of Wight]
Apr. Win
Dep. Gov. Dudley, Sir R.
EGe
on board the Arbella at Yarmouth, sign an Hum
NEW ENGto the R
CHURCH of ENGLANfor the Obtaining of their Prayers, and the Removal of Suspicions and Misconstructions of their Intentions: Printed in 4London, 16
This is commonly said to be drawn up by that LearnWhite of D rchester, (H) [and having sign'd this, they set sail agaIsle of Wight, that 10 Ships at Dunkirk [which then belong'd to Spain] with Brass Guns, the least of which had 30, were waiting for us; we on
Apr. 10 Discover several sail of Ships baring towards us, and provide to Fight 'em: Iohnson writes but of 4 Men of War of Dunkirk who were said to lie in wait for their sailing; and but of 4 S
that now appeared to pursue 'em. But as Hubbard writes of 10 Ships at Dunkirk; so by his Account there seem to be 7 now bearing towards themthe rest of our Fleet, with whom we clear the Channel on the 12th
April: Dudley shou'd not only be wholly silent in this Article, but aS
sailing in April, & of the next 8 in May: But in Mr. Iohnson & Hu
we have two Witnesses.Arbella being Admiral, steer our Course for the Massachusetts, (H) but make a very troublesome and costly Voyage: For as they had been Wind bound long in Eng
; so after they had set sail, are hindred with cross Winds, and so scattered with Mists and Tempests that few of them arrive together (dd)
About April and May, is a Great Conspiracy of the Indians in all Parts from the N
round about to the Eastward, to cut off the English; which Iohn Sagamore, who always lov'd us, reveal'd to the InhCharlestown. Their Design was chPlimouth, not regarding our Paucity at the M
to be effectPlimouth which the Gov refusing them, they told him. If th y might not come with Leave, they w
upon this He sends their Flat bottom'd Boat which is all they have to Salem for Shot and Powder. At this time the People of Charl
agree to make a small Fort with PallTown Hill, which is perform'd at the DirGraves, by all Hands, viz. of Men, Women and Children, who labour in digging and building till thSal
shootIndians, that they dis(c
Charlestown Records: and tho' they place this History in April and May 1629; yet inasmuch as Mr. Graves comes not thither till Iuly 1629, I therefore place it in the April and May succeeding.
[May, Latter End] the Lyon, Wm. Pierce, Master, arrives in Salem Harbour, though none of the Fleet expected. (H)
Hubbard says He arrived in Salem-Harbour some Days before Iune 12. (2) Because this seems to be the same Ship mention'd under March 8 last, which Gov. Bradford says arrives the latter End of May; and I suppose He had now Landed Ashley at Penobscut.
May 29. Saturday, Prince CHARLES Born, (hs) [afterCharles II.]
May 30. [Lord's-Day] Mr. Warham, Maverick, Rossiter and Ludlow, arrive at Nantasket. Captain Squeb [I suppose on Monday, &c.] puts Them and their Goods on Shore at Nantasket Point, and leaves them to shift for themselves. But getting a Boat of some old Planters, they lade Her with Goods, & some able Men well arm'd go up to Charlestown; where we find some Wigwams, some few English, and one House, with an old Planter who can speak Indian. We go up Charles River till it grows narrow and shalNight we are told of 300 Indians hard by: but our Planter going and desiring them not to come near us, they comply. Our Capt. is Mr. Southcot a brave Low Country Soldier, but we not above 10 in NumMorning, some of the Natives stand at a Distance looking at us, but come not near till they had been a while in view: and then one of 'em holding out a Bass towards us, we send a Man with a Bisket and change 'em. After which they supply us with Bass, giving a Bass for a Bisket, and are very friendly. And by our Diligence we get up a Shelter to save our Goods. But are not there many Days before we have Order to come away from this Place, which is after called Watertown, to Matapan, because there's a Neck fit to keep our Cattle on; so we remove to Matapan (crc) Begin the Town, name it Dorchester, (msl) and Here the Natives are also kind to us. (crc)
Dorchester becomes the first settled Church and Town in the County of Suffolk: and in all Military Musters or Civil Assemblies where Dignity is regarded, us'd to have the Precedency (msl) and by this it appears that Iohnson and others are mistaken, who place the beginning of Dorchester Church and Town in 1631. But the Manuscript Letter is mistaken in supMatapan in the beginning of Iune.
June 12. Iohnson mistakes in saying Iuly 12, instead of Iune 12 and several Manuscript Letters mistake Iuly for Iune.
Saturday, at 2 in the Morning, the Arbella, Admiral of the NEW ENGLAND Fleet,
Lyon, Wm. Pierce Master, who had arrived there some Days benarrow Strait between Baker's Island & another Little Island, and comes to an Anchor a little way within said Island. Mr. Pierce comes presently to us, but returns to fetch Mr. Endicot, who with Mr. Skelton and Capt. Levit, come aboard us about two a Clock. And with them, this Afternoon, the Governor with those Assistants on board the Admiral, and some other Gentlemen and Gentlewomen, go ashore to their Friends at Salem: many of the other People also landing on the Eastern Side of the Harbour, regale themselves with Strawberries, wherewith the Woods are every where in these times replenished. (H)
Next Morning, MASCONOMO, the Sagamore or Lord Proprietor of that Side of the Country towards Cape Ann, with one of his Men, comes on board the Admiral to bid Him welcome, stays all Day: and in the Afternoon arrives the Iewel. (H)
[Monday] Morning, the Admiral weighs, is warped into the inner Harbour: and this Afternoon, most of the Passengers go ashore. (H) But find the Colony in an unexpected and sad ConDead the Winter before; many of those alive, Weak and Sick; all the Corn among 'em hardly sufficient to feed 'em a Fortnight: so that the Remains of 180 Servants we had sent over the two Years before,
Liberty to our extream Loss, who had cost us 16 or 20 l. a Person, furnishing and sending over. (dd)
JunThursday, the Governor with the chief of the Gentlemen travel to the Massachusetts, to find out a Place for Settlement: but return on Saturday; taking Nantasket in their Way; where they met the Mary and Iohn, the Ship that sail'd from the West Country, and brought Mr. Rossiter and Ludlow with other Passengers; who missing Salem, needed the Help of the Governor and other Assistants, to make up the Difference between the Master & other Gentle(H)
The Ambrose arrives at Salem before the Go
and Company returned from the Mas
July 1. Arrive the May Flower and Whale in the Harbour of Charlestown: the Passengers all in HealIuly 2, comes in the Talbot: which had been sore viSmall Pox, whereof 14 Died at Sea. In one of these Ships came Mr. Henry Win
the Governor's second Son, a sprightly and hopeful young Gendrowned in a small Creek on Iuly 2 the very next Day after his Landing, to the no small Grief of his Friends and the rest of the Company. (H)
July 3. Arrive the William and Francis: Iuly 5. the Tryal and the Charles: and Iuly 6, thSuccess. So as now the WHOLE Fleet being safely come to Port; they on
July 8 [Thursday] keep a PUBLICK DAY OF THANKSGIVING thro' all their Plantations, to Praise Almighty GOD for all his Goodness and wonderful Works towards them. (H)
[By this it seems as if the Hopewell also were now arriv'd, tho' not mentioned; or at least that She arriv'd before Iuly 11 by the followHubbard—]
There were no less than 10 or 11
Ships employ'd to transPassengers a Piece: who all by the good Providence of GOD arrive at their desired Port before the 11th of Iuly, 1630. (H)
[By the 10 or 11 Ships Mr. Hubbard must mean only Those which came from South Hamp
and that arrived at the Massachusetts before Iuly 11: and if the Hopewell was not then ar
These Ships are filled with Passengers of all Occupations, skill'd in all kinds of Faculties needful for Planting a new Colony. Some set forth from the West of England: but the greatest Number cLondon; tho' South H
was the Place of Rendevouz where they took Ship. The 3 bigest bro't over the Patentees and Pe(H)
With these in the same Fleet there came se(H) as Sir R. Saltonstall, Mr. Ludlow, Rossiter, Nowel, T. Sharp, Pynchon, S. Bradstreet, [whom I find at the first Court in Charlestown, Aug. 23.] as also Mr. Iohnson and Coddington [whom with Mr. Endicot I find at the second Court There. Sept. 7.] (Mcr)
Hubbard also mentions Mr. W. Vassal: But tho' one of the Patentees and Assistants this Year, yet neither in all the Lists of the Courts nor any where elsMassachusetts Colony Records, can I find hiEngland.
Sudbury in the County of Suffolk; Mr. GEORGE PHILLIPS, who had been Minister of Bocks
in Essex; with [the aforesaid] Mr. JOHN MAVERICK & Mr [JOHN WARHAM, who had been Ministers in the West Country. (H) These were they who first came to set up Christian Churches in this Heathen Wilderness, and to lay the Foundation of this renowned Colony.
From the Beginning of the Settlement of the MASSACHUSETTS or second Colony, to the Settleseventh and last, by the Combination of Forty-one Persons into a Form of Government, on Piscataqua River, Octob. 22 1640, afterwards called the PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.
England with another Colony of Pious People and on the known Account of Religion only; for the Information of the present Age as well as Posterity, we must here obPlimouth: Those of Pli
being then called Separatists; these of the Massachus
with the following Colonies issuing from them,— Puritans. The former having about 28 Years before, separated frC
of England; as what, on the Account of the latter were till now professed Members of the Church of England.
But that the Reader may more clearly see the Difference then between them, with the Occasional Causes of their Transmigrations; we must retrace them to their Origine
England, and take a summary View of their gradual Progress to this memorable Period. And tho' I might spare much Labour by citing only out of Dr. E. Calamy, Mr. Pierce, Benn
yet to avoid Exception, I ratheChurch of England Writers, Fox, Cambden, Fuller, Burnet, Strype and Eachard: which I have taken no small Pains in searching and comparing.
On
Iune 9. 1536, Fuller's Printer wrongly places this indeed under 1535: But Keeble and Burnet assure us it was in 1536.Fuller says, Begins the first Reformed Convocation of the Clergy in England; in which the Lord Cromwell prime Secretary, sets in State above all the Bishops, as the King's Vicar, or Vice-Gerent General in all Spiritual Matters: and Bp. Burnet tells us, That by King Henry's Order, He declares, It was the King's Pleasure that the Rites and Ceremonies of the Churc
SCRIPTURE, & that not
Now this is the Grand Principle of Puritanism: Upon this, as the Scriptures were more searched and known, the ReEdward VI and had the Governors of the Church adhered strictly to this one Principle, kept close to the Scriptures & reformed the Worship as well as the Doctrine by them, i. e. purged out of the Church whatever they themselves acknowledge is not prePuritan, and had never driven such Multitudes from her Communion.
Fuller also tells us, that Mr. JOHN ROGERS and Mr. JOHN HOOPER were the
Mr. Heads of those Reformers called Puritans.
Eachard, that highflying Writer, calls Mr. ROGERS A learned Man and Prebendary of St.
Bp. Paul's London.
Burnet calls Mr. HOOPER A pious, zealous and learned Man, first Bishop of
Glocester and then of Worcester.
Fuller says,
He was bred at
And K Oxford, well skill'd in Latin, Greek and Hebrew.Edward in his Letter to Cranmer of Aug. 5. 1550, writes, We by the Advice of our Council have chosen our right well beloved and well
worthy Mr. JOHN HOOPER, Professor of Divinity, to be our BP. of Glocester; as well for his great Knowledge, deep Iudgment and long Study, both in the Scriptures and profane Learning, a
Letter is intire in Fox and Fuller.
two led the Van of the Martyrs under Queen Mary I; Mr Rogers being the first who Died at the Stake, and Mr Hooper the first Bishop Burnt in her Reign, if not the first Bishop that was ever Burnt in the World. And from Fuller and Burnet we learn that in 1550, under the Reign of Edward VI, we must BeEnglish Puritans: and not in 1554, among the Exiles at Franc
; and much less lower down in Queen Elizabeth's Reign, as Eachard and others place it; who seem to write as if they had not a very exact AcquainEngland.
For Bishop Burnet tells us.—
That on
And the April 1. 1550, Ridley was made Bishop of London, orders Altars to be pulled down and turned to Communion Tables; and that this Change was universally made in England this Year: that on Iuly 3 ensuing, King Edward appointed HOOPER to be Bishop of Glocester; who refuses on these two Aclast 6 Words in the Oath of Supremacy— so Help me God, all Saints and the holy Evangels; which all the Bishops had sworn by before. (2) The Popish Habits [such as Rocher, Chimere, Square CFox & Fuller] still requiHooper is cited beKing in Council, who sees so much of the Reathose six Words out of the Oath with his own Hand. (2) The Law threatning a Praemunire, He writes a Warrant to Arch Bp. Cranmer to consecraCranmer was willing to yield: that Cox the King's Praeceptor, writes to Bullinger, 'I think all Things in the Church ought to be pure and simple, removed at the greatest Distance from the Pomps and Elements of this World; but in this our Church what can I do in so low a Station? That the famous Professors of Divinity, Bucer in Cambridge, and
Martyr in Oxford being consulted, express their Dislike of the Habits, and wish them remov'd by Law, though till then advise to use themRidley was very earnest Hooper shou'd be made a s
; and that both Ridley and Goodrick Bishop of Ely wish the Habits abolished; but think the breaking thro' the Law, so bad a Praecedent and may have such ill Consequences, they cannot consent: that Hooper declaring Himself for another Way of Ordination is committed to the Fleet [Prison] Ian. 27, but is at length prevail'd upon and consecrated in March ensuing; upon Allowance of Liberty to lay by the Habits on common Occasions, tho' to ware them when He Preach'd in Publick.
Treatise of the Troubles at Francford, Printed in 1575, says, This was to the common Grief of all Godly Minds.
Burnet also says, that 'In 1551, the Common Prayer Book was a second time revised and corrected; and in 1552, authoriz'd by Parliament: But Pointer and Eachard, that therein was neither Confession nor Absolution: Dr. Layton, that it thus expresly spake concerning the CeremoAs for Kneeling, the Sign of the Cross, the lifting up of the Hand, smiting of the Breast, and Gestures of the like Nature; It shall be left free for every one to do as He list: And Dr. E. Calamy, That in the Days of King Edward VI, the Liturgy was for the most part used, and what was Matter of Scruple omitted, without Molestation; nor cou'd be find any Subscription
Thus the Puritans continued, and both They and the ReEdward VI, on Iune 6. 1553: by which time Arch Bishop Cranmer, Bp. Ridley, Bp. Latinier, Dr. Taylor, Mr. Philpot, Bradford,
Neal from Fox and Hey
observeHooper about the Popish Habits; and the four first treated them with great Puritan only in respect to the Popish Habits, but also in removinCrosses Copes and Altars, as well as Images and Pictures out of C
and setting CommunionTables in convenientPlace.Slow and Burnet.
Mary I succeeding, soon reduc'd the Church to Popery, and Burnt to Death those most eminent and zealous Reformers. Then Fox and Burnet tell us, Ridley in Prison wrote to Hooper,
That He was intirely knit to Him, tho' in some Circumstances of Religion, they had formerly jarr'd a little: It was
And Hooper's Wisdom and his own SimFox informs us,
That when they came to be Degraded, they were forc'd to be cloathed with the
And Popish Habits in order to be stript, as a Token of their being Deprived of their Offices: that thenRIDLEY did vehemently inveigh against all thatFoolcalling the Apparel foolish and abominable, yea too fond for a Vice in a Play: that when they were put on TAYLOR, He walked up and down and said to Bonner— How say you my Lord, am not I a goodly Fool?—If I were in Cheap [Side] shou'd I not have Boys enough to laugh at these apish Toys and toying Trumpery?—That CRANMER said, at his Cloathing and Stripping, All this needed not; I had my self done with this Gear long ago:Neal from Fox in Latin, which I have not seen, says
That LATIMER at his De
Now, says He, I can make no more Holy Water.
And then the Treatise of the Troubles at Francfort tells us,
That Mr.
Wm. Whittingham and other [famous Puritans] with their Company flying the Kingdom; they on Iune 27. 1554, enter Francfort in Germany, being the first Eng
that There arriv'd to remain. Iuly 8, They appliChurch wherein they might have GOD's Word truly Preached and the Sacraments sincerely [i. e. purely] ministred in their natural Tongue. Iuly 14, They obtained their Request: and then [forming themselves into an Independent Church] consult what Order of Service to use: and the English Order being perus'd, they by general Consent conclude, that the answering aloud after the Minister shou'd not be used, that the Li[Lordsday] Iuly 29: and thus continue, till [Wednesday] March 13
Cox and others with Him come to Francfort out of England, and begin to break their Order: On the Lord's Day following, one of his Company without the Consent and Knowledge of the Congregation, getting up suddenly into the Pulpit reads the Litany, and Dr. Cox with his Company answer aloud after the Minister, conSeniors of the Congregation, He with the rest who came with Him answer, They wou'd do as they had done in England, &c.Francfort.
Upon this, there rises a grievous Controversy about the Ceremonies, which broke the Church to pieces, and drove many of the Puritans
Fox [the Martyrologist] with some to Basil, and Knox [the famous Scotch Reformer] with Mr Christoph
and others to Geneva; where they form 2 other Churches. In the mean while, Cox with those who are for the Common Prayer & Ceremonies, staying at Francfort, form a second [Independent] Church, and chuse Mr. David Whit
or Superintendant; to whom at length they agree to give the Title of Pastor, with 2 Ministers, 4 Seniors or Elders and 2 Deacons: the Pastor to PraeMinisters to assist the Pastor in Preaching and Administring the Sacraments; the Elders to assist the Pastor in ODeacons, to care for the Poor, visit the Sick, and if requir'd to assist in Catechizing. Francfort.
Other Exiles out of England, set up another [Independent] Church at Embden in East Friesland, whereof Bishop Scory was the Superintendent.
Fuller.
[Independent] Church at Wes
in Westphalia, to which Bp Coverdale Preaches: but he being call'd away; they remove to Arrow in Switzerland, under theConduct of Mr. Thomas Leaver: Independent Churches: For tho' their Historians give them not this Title, yet they were plainly such in Reality.
Zurich, Strasburgh, Worms, Manheim, and Do
But whether at all these Places—in a Church State, seems uncertain.
But I must now surprize the Reader with some Observati
For in the Francfort Tract I find
That on further Consultation, even the second Church There, under theConduct of Mr. Whithead, A. Nowel and others, in a little while became also Puritan, agreed on a pure Scheme of Discipline; and tho' they kept the Form and Order of MinistraEDWARD'S last Book, yet they left out certain Rites and CereThat towards the End of Q Mary's Reign, the Grudge between those and those of the first Church who removed to Geneva, seem'd to be almost quite forgotten: That
before and after Queen Elizabeth's Accession, mutual Letter
before, those of the said second Church Promised to forget all Displeasures afore conceived; and in another, of Ian. 3, 1558, 9, six Weeks after her Accession, they proceed to say—We trust that true Religion shall be Restored, and that we shall not be burthened with unprofitable Ceremonies—And if any shall be obtruded that shall be offensive; at our Meeting with you [i. e. you of Geneva] in England, which we trust will be shortly, we will brotherly join with you to be And by comparing this Tract with Strype, I find that soon Returning to England, they were as good as their Word.
For Strype informs us, that Queen Elizabeth ascending the Throne on Nov. 17Parliament meets on Ian. 23Convocation of the Clergy on the next Day, and they both hold to May following: that the Convocation being intirely Papists, vote for Transubstantiation, the Sacrifice of the Mass, with the Pope's SupremaParliament passed the Acts of the Queen's Supremacy and of Uniformity, which last restored King Edward's LiMay, 1559, all the Bishops except Kitchin of Land
refusing the Oath of Supremacy, are in a short time after expuls'd their Bishopricks: And that the Act of Uniformity taking place on Iune 24, the Queen's Commissioners soon after, visited the Kingdom to administer the Oath and see the Order for Uniformity observed; when several of the Popish Clergy refusNeal informs us, that those famous Puritans, Mr. Whithead was offered the Arch Bishoprick of Canterbury; Bishop Coverdale to be restored, and Mr. Kno
and others were offered Bishopricks; but refused on the Account of the Popish Habits and Ceremonies. And Strype,—That on Dec 17, was Matthew Parker Queen Elizabeth's first Protestant Bishop, Consecrated: and that by April 19, 1562, were Consecrated 22 Bishops more: of which says Neal, that Grindal, Parkburst, Sandys, Pilkington and others, accepted their Bishopricks with Trembling, in HopeBurnet, Pierce and Strype,
Burnet, Vol. III, and Strype, Vol. I, under 1559 and 1560.Parker, with the Bishops, Horn, Iewel, Grindal, Pilkington, Gu
and San
'were at first aStrype expresly says—
The first
Bishops made by Queen Elizabeth, as Cox, Grindal, Horn, Sandys, Jewel, Parkh
upon their Return, laPapistical Habits, and that all the Ceremonies shou'd be clean laid aside; but they cou'd not obtain it from the Queen and Parliament.
Strype also says, That on Ian. 12. 1562, 3, Q. Elizabeth's first Protestant Convocation met, Burnet and Strype we find that Mr. Alexander Nowel, that famous Puritan and Dean of St. Paul's, London, was chosen and approved PROLOCUTOR of the Lower House: But Burnet mistakes Ian. 13 for Ian. 12.Articles: but the Beginning of the 20th Article bethe Church
tells
Parker's Time, are without this Passage; and this Published Book being just before the Act confirmthose which only concern the Con
: the very Words of the Act in K
Whitgift's Time, of 1605 in Bancroft's Time, & of 1612 in the BeAbbot's Time; tho' Dr. Mocket, Chaplain to Arch Bishop Abbot, left it out of his Latin Translation of 1617: And Fuller leaves the Matter undecided. Yet Strype says, the Clause appears iLatin, & there's nothing of it in the Original Manuscript itself subscrib'd by the Convocation, and now in Bennet College Library: by which he seems to decide the Matter and make it a Forgery.
Having finished the Articles of Faith, Strype says, the Convocation proceeded to the Reformation of Ceremonies in the Publick Liturgy: That Bishop Sandys advised (1) That Private Baptism may be taken out of the Common Prayer, w
(2) That the Collect for Crossing the Inf
: And that 33 Strype says 33, He gives the NaThat Playing withOrgans may be remov'd. (2) That none but Ministers may be allow'd to baptize, and may leave off the Sign of the Cross in Baptism. (3) That Kneeling at the Communion may be left indifferent to the Discretion of the Ordinary (4) That the Use of Copes and Surplices may be taken away, and that Ministers use a comely Side Garment, as they commonly do in Preaching. (5) That Ministers be not compelled to wear suc
(6) That in the 33d Article
Edward's 33d, but Q Eliza
'the Clause about Traditions & Ceremonies may be left out, & ▪
That all Saints Holy Days, as tending to Superstition, b
And to these subscribed
Strype and Burnet also tell us,
That on Feb. 13, the six following Articles were bro't into the Lower House, the Determination whereof depended on a narrow Scrutiny. (1) That allSundays and principalFeasts of Christ (2) That the Mi(3) That in Baptism, the Ceremony of making the Cross on the Child's Forhead may be omitted, as tending to Superstition. (4) That at the Communion Kneeling may be left to the Discretion of the Ordin(5) That it be sufficient in Time of saying Divine Service and ministring the Sacraments, to use a Surplice, and none to say Divine Service, or minister the Sacraments but in a comely Garment. (6) That the Use of Organs
That upon this arose a great Contest: and when they came to
Vote, Those who were against the Articles carried it, tho' with great Difficulty; there being 43 for them and 35 against them: yet the 43 producing but 13 Proxies, and the 35 producing 24 Proxies; the latter carried it but by a single Proxy [of a Person absent who had no Opportunity of being enlightened by the Consultation: Roman Character, happening then to be absIta
with these 15 below.—
THPrincipal Fathers of the EnglishLow Church & Puritans: & in thisCompany I observe, (1) There
Deans, 1 Provost, 1 Chancellor, 1 Treasurer, 15 Arch Dea
21 Proctors, & 2 uncertain. (2) I find but 1 of the English Church of Geneva, marked g. (3) There were 12 of the second Church at Francfo
marked f; 3 of Zurich, marked z; and 2 of Strasburgh, marked s; which 17 were all for K. Edward's Book in Germany, (tf) but yet for removing the Ceremonies and promoting a further Reformation. Hence see how much those Writers are mistaken who pouring out their Spleen against Geneva, tho't they were only or chiefly the Exiles returning Thence, who were for a further ReformaElizabeth's first Parliament Began while there was not one Protestant Bishop in it (4) Of many of those in the Lists above who were for Removing the Ceremonies, Strype gives great Characters for Learning, Piety and Use
Of the 35 OPPOSERS, I observe, (1) There were but 4 Deans, 14 Arch Deacons, 10 Proctors, and 7 uncertain. (2) I find not one of the Church of Geneva, nor of the 1st or 2d Church of Francfort, nor of Strasburgh, nor Zurich, (3) Of the most of the Opposers, Strype gives indifferent or no ChaThat
[And these were they who help'd to stop the Reformation and retain the Popish Ceremonies as a perpetual Fountain of Offence, Contwo of the Deans viz. Per
and Turnbull, and 2 Arch Deacons, viz. White and Cotterel had complied with the Popish Religion, were in Place and Dignity under Q. Mary, and even adher'd to Popery till Iune 24. 1559, when they were oblig'd to leave it or loose their Places: That another, i. e. Bridgwater, afterwards went over Sea, carried several young Men with Him, and turned Papist: that Pern was Q. Mary's Chaplain, and had been named by her to the Pope, to be B
of Sarum a little before her Death: that White is mention'd in a Letter of Bishop Grindal's, wrote to the Secretary soon after the Synod, as a Great Papist; but yet in the ConvoBridgwater produc'd 1 Proxy and Cotterel 3Sampson & Hum
in Burnet, write, That many Things were agreed to in this Convocation that wou'd have tended to the great Good of the Church, but were Suppressed, &c.
Strype also tells us,
That besides these
Conforming Papists, there were divers others in Convocation of the sam
[which he seems to have known and yet conCambden, Burnet, Stryp
and Eachard, I think I have found 'em.]
Rise of the English Reformation, there apHenry VIII, Edward VI, Q. Mary I, and Q. Elizabeth. (1) Those both Protestants and Papists, who were so CONSCIENCIOUS in their several Religions, as both to quit their Places, and either fly o
Of the FORMER Sort, the more Consciencious Papists refusingHenry VIII's Time theirLivesConsciencious Protestants; many were burnt in the Reigns both of Henry VIII & Mary I; many conceal'd themselves in the Kingdom; & others fled as we observ'd before; but returning at Q. Elizabeth's Accession, were advanc'd in the Church; by Disputing, Preaching, good Life and Writing, greatly help'd her Refor
As to the LATTER Sort; Eachard says, upon Henry VIII'sBeAll the Bishops, Abbots & Priors in
England, except Fisher Bp. of Rochester, were so far satisfied, or so uBurnet tells us, that in the farther Reformation of Edward VI, He cou'd not find one Head of a College in either University turn'd out: for tho' they generally lov'd the old Superstition, yet they lov'd their Places much better: and indeed the whole Clergy did so readily conform to every Change, that it was not easy to find Colours for turning out BONNER and GARDINER.
Mary's Accession, Burnet says,
All who adhe
and that the reformed Bishops of St. Davids, Exeter, and Glocester, [Who were Farrar, Coverdale and Hooper] with Taylor, Philpot, Bradford, Crome, Sanders, Rogers & Lawrence, in their Paper of May 1554, Declare, that the Universities were their open Enemies and condemn'd their Cause, contrary to the Word of GOD and the Determinations they had made in K. Edward's Time.Fuller says, that
On
Octob. 1there were found but 6 therein who opposed the Reduction of Popery—and that all the Bishops but 13 returned to it.Arch Bishop Parker, in Burnet and Easays,
That of the
By Dr. 16000 Clergymen then in the Nation, about 12000 were turned out for being MarriedTanner's Account in Burnet,
There were not above 3000 for that Cause ejected.
[4000 then, or more of K. Edward's
Clergy seem to keep their Places in Q.
Mary's Reign, and the Vacancies of Others must needs be filled with the most zealous Papists.]
Upon Q. Elizabeth's being Proclaim'd in London, Eachard says,
The Joy of the City was such as gave the melan
From That the Priests were forc'd to vent their Griefs in private Corners—And the Queen had Reason to expect the Clergy and those employ'd in the late Reign wou'd oppose the Change.Strype, we learn that her first Convocation meeting Ian. 24. 1558, 9, both Vote for Popery and beseech Her not to change it. May 20. 1559, Cox in Burnet writes,
That the Clergy stand as stiff as a Rock, and not one of them is yet come over [i. e. from Popery to the reform'd Religion.] May 22, Iewel in Burnet writes— Besides those who had been always our Enemies, the Deserters who left us in the former Reign are now our most bitter Enemies, and the Universities are universally cor24. Q. Elizabeth's Act of Uniformity takes place; when the English Common Prayer Book is to be used thro the Kingdom, upon Pain of Loss of Benefices and Promotions: the like Loss are they also subject to who Refuse the Oath of the Queen's Supremacy.Ke
Stryp
informs us That soon after this, the Queen's Commissioners go through the Kingdom to administer the Oath and see the Act of Uniformity observ'd: And then Eachard from Cambden and Burn
tells us,
The Oath of Supremacy was offered to the Popish Bishops and all other Ecclesiastical Persons: that as many as refus'd the Oath, were turn'd out of all their Preferments: and that of the 9400
Or as Bp Benefices then nam'd in England, 14 Bishops, Cambden numbers but 14 Bishops, and yet gives the Names of 15.Burnet expresseLeft their Benefices on the Account of Religion. Strype says, That D'Ews Journal reckons but 177, who left their Livings; but that a Volumn in the Cotton Library reckonDeans and 14 Arch Deacons; and so 192 in all: And that a Book supposed to be Cardinal Allen's, reckons 12 Deans, 14 Arch Deacons, above 60 Canons, above 100 Priests, and 20 Doctors.
Now there being about 14 Roman Catholick Arch Deacons Depriv'd in 1559, and 15 Protestant Arch Deacons about three Years after in the List above, of those who were for Remost of the
in the Convocation with others among th
in Proportion, who stifly adPopish Clergy Cox had written of, who stood like Rocks till Iune 24 or May 20, 1559, and then came over to save their Places
To this Account, Mr. Cambden adds—
Most of the Popish Priests tho't it more behooveful for themselves and their Religion to sware Obedience to their Prince, re
Burnet
The Popish Clergy, when they saw no Appear
So compliant were the Papists generally: and indeed the Bishops after this time had the same Apprehension of the D
And Edward's Time had.Eachard adds,
'Twas strongly believ'd that the greatest Part complied against their Consciences and wou'd have been ready for another Turn if the Queen had Died while that Race of Incumbents liv'd, and the next Suc
But every knowing Reader may likewise add, That as This is indeed agreable to the common Practice of Mankept the Lovers of the Popish Superstition in the Church; for the same Reason these Preferments wou'd successively d
their Relatives, Friends and others of the
and Spirit, who wou'd be as averse as
England, which is but Half Arch Bishop stiff Roman Catholicks,
Highflying. Party in the Church of England, stiff Adherers to the old Popish Ceremonies, Opposers of a thor
But, as Fuller tells us, Tho' none of these Articles were ratified by Parliament till 9 Years after; yet the Bishops conceiving themselves empowered by their Canons, begin to show their Authority in urging the Clergy to subscribe to the Liturgy, Ceremonies and Discipline; and such as refuse are branded with the Name of PURITANS. And from this Time forward, the
C
divided into these two Parties, (1) The CONFORMIDiscipline and Wo
as well as Doctrine. Of the Co
there were these two Subdivisions, (1) The High-Flyers were for retaining them as Things they tho't venerable for Antiquity, tho' not bro't into the Church in the Apostles Times, but after she declined from her primitive Simplicity; as also on the Account of their imagin'd Decency, they judged them expedient to be added to the Christian InstitutiLow and moderate, as being of the same Opinion Puritans; but were for retaining them at present for Prudential Reasons only; partly to gain the Papists, of whom there were then great Numbers in the Kingdom, and partly in Submission to the Queen, who appeared fond and zealous for Pomp and Ceremony in ReIewel, Bp. Horn and Bp Grindal's Latin Letters in Strype and Burnet. The Puritans thereHigh-flying Party in that and the following Reigns; but even the QUEEN herself and her Successors JAMES I. and CHARLES I. were their continual Prosecutors.
As to Q ELIZABECambden tells us,
That to
seve
Protestants she Iewel in Burnet on April 10. 1559, laments,
The want of Zeal in promot
And Eachard says,
She lov'd Magni
Yea she grew so superstitious, that when she was above 60 Years old and her decaying Nature required; yet she wou'd not eat a Burnet had call'd them some old RITES her Father had Retained: [which were C
&c.] But Eachard gives them the finer Name of Ornaments.
B
for the 40 Days of Lent, as being against the Canons, without a solemn Licence from her own Arch-Bp. Whitgift, [who depended wholly on Her for the Power to grant it] nor wou'd she be easy with one General LiFuller. At first indeed she indulg'd the Puritans who were known to be her steady Friends: But on Ian. 25. 1564, 5, she beParker, with some other Bishops follow'd her Directions; yea when she and her Council flag'd, the Arch Bishop stir'd them up to give Him further Power to vex them.
The Puritans seem'd at first for retaining Episcopacy in the Diocesan Form in General: For they accepted of Prebendships, Arch Deaconries, Deaneries, Bishopricks, and Grindal of Arch-bishopricks: tho' they knew these were not of Divine ApHierarchy ought to be Reformed: that the Spiritual Courts, the Com
the Courts of Faculties, &c invented in the Times of Popery, and manag'd according to the Canon Laws, which are the Decr
of Popes, almost infiLatin, and exceedNonresidence of Ministers iPluralities of Benefices, be disallowGodly Discipline in the Primitive Church sCommon Prayer, might be revived, and exercised not according to the Popes Decrees, but according to the Scriptures only: That Ecclesiastical Censures be merely
Spiritual, & for none butCrimes condemn'd in Scripture: That the Power of Chusing Parish Ministers before they be Presented by the Patrons to the BishopOrdination, be restor'd to the Parochial Churches; and that their Ministers and Church Wardens be allow'd to admonish and suspend immoralMem
If now the
of the Common Prayer had been removed, or the Ceremonies left indifferent, the Popish Habits chang'd for more comely Garments, the Pope's Decrees, with the Inquisition Oath call'd Ex Officio, abolished, Ex Officio, the Swearers were oblig'd on Oath before the Ecclesiastical Courts, to answer every Question proposed, both against themselves and others, or go to Prison.Hierarchy thus reformed; the General Frame of Diocesan Episcopacy had no doubt remain'd untouched, and alEngland had continued in it without Uneasiness. But the Qu
with some of the superiour C
opposing such a Reformation, they employ their Power to crush the Puritans; by requiring their Ministers Subscription to the Habits, the Ceremonies in the Common Prayer, all the 39 Articles and the Queen's Injunctions; tho' the Parlia
Upon this, as Strype relates, Those 2 eminent Men of Oxford and Heads of the chief Colleges, Dr. Sampson Dean of Christ's Church, with Dr. Humfrey, President of Magdalen College & Regius Professor of Divinity, appear at the Head of the Puritans. In March, 1564, 5, Dr.Sampson is DeprivedNeal from Strype's Life of Parker, says 37Ministers in London alone, are Suspended, and some of them Deprived. And thus the Severities on the Puritans begin: wherein some of the Ministers were Suspended; some DeSampson and Humfrey in Burnet write, that
Many of the People are put in Prison, because they wou'd not provide Godfathers and Godmothers for Baptizing their Children.
But while the Puritan Ministers are Deprived, the Papists comply and triumph: and an Author who Strype supposes
T. Smith, or Secretary Cecil, says, that
In 1569 and before, Papists were frequent in Church, in Court, i
Yea Mary's Time are cherished, &c.Strype informs us, That notwithPapists against the Queen in 1569 & 70, defacing and taring Bibles, she on Iune 15. 1570
Declar'd in the Star Chamber, that she wou'd not have any of their Consciences unnecessarily si
However, the more the Puritans suffer, the more the PeoStrype informThat the
And from Puritans grew both in City and Country, and not only among the lower Sort, but also in the Universities: that in December 1565, the Fellows and Schollars in St Iohn's College in Cambridge, with the Allowance of Dr. Longworth the Master, to the Number of near 300, threw off the Surplice with one Consent: that in Trinity College, all but 3, by Mr. Cartwright's [Influence] and many in other Colleges were ready to follow their Example.Fuller and Strype we learn, That the House of Commons in the Parliaments of 1566, 1571, 1572, 1575, 1580, 1585, and 1587 labour'd earnestly for a further Reformation; but the Queen wou'd never allow it.
The only Act that establish'd the Articles in that and the
following Reigns was made in 1571; and yet this Act takes so much Care of the Puritans, as to require no more of Ministers, then to Declare their Assent before the Bishop of the Diocess to all the Articles of Religion which ONLY concern the Confession of the true Christian Faith, and t
Yet now, Fuller says, The Bishops urge Subscription to the 39 Articles more severely than before: And Strype, that by Force of this Act many Ministers were depriv'd in
this and the following Years. The Puritan Ministers were inTo all the Articles of Religion which ONLY concern the Confession of the true Christian Faith and the Doctrine of the Sacraments: which are commonly called the Doctrinal Articles. Yet under Colour of this Act, the Bishops Deprive them for not subscribing to all the other without Exception.
But the Queen and Bishops growing more severe on the Puritans, it only alienates them more from the Hierarchy, as well as the Ceremonies, and turns their Minds to the Presbyterian D scipline. And tho' many of their Clergy were DeLeicester, Sir Francis Knollis, SeWalsingham and others. (See Strype & Fuller.)Bancroft & Cowell tell us, Bancroft, in his Dangerous Positions; and William Cowell, D. D. a Writer against the Puritans, in his Examination &c. Printed 4to, London, in 1604.On
:
which Nov. 20. 1572, this Puritan Part of the Clergy began to Erect a Presbytery at Wandsworth in Surrey
Fuller says,
Was the first Born of all Presbyteries in
And England, and names 16 of the Clergy belonging to it; that May 8. 1582, there was a Synod of three score Ministers [i. e. Church Ministers] of Cambridgshire, Suffolk and Norfolk, at Cockfield in Suffolk; and the Summer following another in Cambridge at the Commencement; that April 10. 1588, was another of the Warwickshire Classis at Coventry; that by Sept. 1. 1590, the Presbyterian Discipline so grew in the Church, that their Classes spread into diverse other Parts of the Kingdom, and had their Assemblies at London, Cambridge, Oxford, Northampton, Kittery, Warwick, Rutland, Leicester, Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and other PlaSpring of 1603Ministers [i e. Church Ministers] in 25 of the 40 Counties of England, and 12 of Wales, who PetiIames I, to remove the Ceremonies, the
Apochrypha, Non-Residence, Pluralities, and the Popish Canons.
Rushworth tells us that in 1626, the Country was so overspread with
Puritans, that Williams Bp. of Lincoln would not meddle against them, and said He was sure they would carry all at last.
Yet all this while, there were but few SEPARATIONS from the Church established. Nor wou'd the Law allow them in England till K. William's Time.
Upon the first Depriving the London-Ministers in the Spring of 1566, Neal and the Register say, their Churches were shut up and their People scattered.
Bp Grindal on Aug. 27. 1566, writes, that many of the more learned Ministers seem'd to be about leaving their Ministry: and many of the People consulted of making a
Yet as the Secession from us and of gathering in private Assemblies; but the greater Part is come to a better Mind. Grindal's Latin, than Burnet's more loose Translation.Register tells us, In the
which seems to brake up their Assembly: and This I suppose was the Spring of 1567, an Hundred of them absenting from the Parish Churches, gathered together many times and made Assemblies, using Prayers, Preaching, and ministring Sacraments after the Geneva-manner: but on Iune 20, many are seiz'd, and put in Prison; next Day bro't before theBp of London & other of the Queen'sComNeal from Strype's Life of Grindal, says that Bolton with 23 other Men and 7 Women, were for this sent to Bridewell and kept there a Year:same separate Church Mr. A
mentions, whereof Mr. FITS was Pastor and Bolton one of the Elders, in the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign. Counterpoyson, or Reply to Sprint, Barnard and Crawshaw. Printed Quarto 1608.Fuller observes, Tho' the
Queen proceeded severely against them, their Party daily increased.
The next Separation made was by ROBERT BROWN, who as Fuller says, was bred at
Corpus Christi College in Cambridge, began to Preach at Norwich in the beginning
Bishops, and Ordination of Ministers as well as Ecclesiast cal Courts and Ceremonies: And Neal, that some
He denied the Established Church to be a tru
Ceremonies and Sacraments, but even in Hearing the Word and Publick Prayerand gather'd a separate Church of his own Principles; but were quickly forc'd to fly and settle at Middleburgh in Zealand: and from him the Seperatists were at first call'd Brownists; till Mr. Robinson reduc'd them to milder Principles and Tempers
But the Bishops violentMeasures, [as
In 1596, they Publish their Neal observes] inPuritans to the establish'd Church, drove them further off, and carried many into a total Separation from Her. For in 1592, a Company set up another Church at London; chusing Mr. Francis Iohnson Pastor, and Mr. Greenwood Teacher: who with 54 of their Church were soon seiz'd by the Bishop's Officers and sent to several Goals: where some were loaded with Irons, some shut up in Dungeons, some beat with Cudgels, some both Men and Women Perished, Mr. Greenwood & Barrow executed: Others kept in close Prison for 4 or 5 Years; and then being banish'd, [as we learn from Bailey,] Mr. Iohnson with some of his People set up their Church at Amsterdam: where he was succeeded by the learned Ainsworth; and He by Mr. Cann, the Author of a valuable Margin to our English Bible.
Confession of Faith, with the Grounds of their Separation; Reprinted with their Apology in 4to. 1604
But their Sufferings and Writings soon increas'd their Numbers; and more of the warmer Puritans embrac'd their Doctrines, left the Publick Churches, and met in Private Houses for a Purer Worship. But then they lost the name of Puritans, and received that of the Separatists: the far greater part of the Puritans remaining still in the Church; writing with Zeal against the Separation; and as Sprint, on their behalf in 1608, expresses it: —
A
Separation we deny not from the Corruptions of the Church wherein we live; in Judgment, Profession, Practice — for which so many of Both Parts [or ParPuritans and Separatists] have suffered and do suffer so many
We [i. e. the Puritan
] suffer for separating i
the ChYou, [i. e. the Sepa
the Church &c.
By comparing their ancient Writings, I find the Sepa
and Puritans agreed in these two Particulars (1) in their Belief of the same Doctrinal Articles of the Church of England. (Worship, unscriptural Canons and Courts of Disci
and unsc
That whereas the People in ev'ry Parochial Congregation thro' the Kingdom, containing all Sorts of Persons both R
make up a Parochial C
under one PresbyterDiocesan Church under one Diocesan Bishop; and several of these Diocesan Churches make up a Provincial C
under one Arch Bishop; and the two Provincial Churches in the Kingdom, viz. of York and Canterbury make up a Na
under one Primate, viz. the A. Bishop of the latter; in which National Church there were about Forty different Sorts of Officers, as among the Papists: The Separatists held that neither of these Churches were such sort of Churches, not their Officers such sort of Officers as CHRIST has instituted, neither for Matter, Form, nor Power: The Matter of Right, Christian Churches being only visible Saints separate from the Rest of the World, or as the 19th Article of the Church of England has it, a Congregation of Faith
or Faithful Christians; the Form being a voluntary Consociation of such faithful Christians, not forced by Humane Sanctions; and their Powers being confined to the meer Laws of CHRIST, both in Worship, Government, and Discipline. From such unApostles Days. And then the Church of England Order, Discipline and Worship being not according to CHRIST's Pure Appointment, but polluted with Humane Mixtures which she refused to leave; the Separatists at first went further, and rigidly renounc'd Communion both with Her and her Officers, us Popish and Antichristian, and
Church of England Writers against them were as censorious and Theirs.
But the Puritans allow'd the Faithful Christians of the seParishes to be true Christian Churches, and their qualified Ministers to be true Christian Ministers: that neither their being restrain'd by Humane Laws in the Exercise of the Powers and Priviledges CHRIST had given them; nor their having by such Laws, both corrupt Members, Canons and Ways of Worship impos'd upon them, neither destroy'd their Rights nor Christian Character: and that since a Separation was not allow'd by the then reigning Powers, and their setting up Purer Churches within the Kingdom was no
Mr. Robinson at first indeed went off among the more rigid Separatists in 1602: but as Bailey informs us, by conversing in Holland with Dr. Ames and Mr. Parker, He grew more moderate; as we observ'd before; yet insisting that the unscriptural Ceremonies, Canons, and mixt Communion in the Church of England, were sufficient Grounds of Separating from Her, and of erecting Churches on the Scripture-Bottom; without Denying Communion to her Pious Members when they desir'd it of Him.
But how strenuously so ever the Puritans oppos'd the Separation; yet He was so well acquainted with them, that in his Answer to Mr. Barnard in 1610. He says,—
I doub
GoBarnard and a Thousand more Ministers in the Land, were they secure of the Magistrates Sword, and might they go on with his good Licence; wou'd wholly Shake off their Canonical Obedience to their Ordi
Prelates Yoke, and draw no longer Afflic
oP
in Holland and of the Grounds of their Removing to America, says—
It was tho't that if a better and easier Place of Living could be had, it wou'd draw many and take away those Discouragements: yea their
Pastor wou'd often say, that many of those who
But a farther Account of the Rise, Sufferings, PrinciplePuritans and Separatists, I must refer to the Authors beforementioned; especially Mr. NHistory of the Puritans in 2 Octavos: which was a Branch of English History the Nation wanted, and which ought to be read by every Lover of Religious Liberty.
I shall only observe, that Arch Bishop PARKER Dying in May 1575; GRINDAL succeeded Him, who grew more moderate, and the Church enjoy'd some Quiet: For which
calls Him—That false Son of the Church and perfidious Prelate. But he deceasing in Iuly, 1583, WHITGIFT is made Arch Bishop of Canterbury: who, as we learn from Fuller, Strype and the Register, persecutes the Puritans and Separatists with unrDeath in February 1603, 4: as does also his Successohis — in Nov. 1610. And then ABBOT Separation; yet seeing the Puritans more strictly adhere to the Doctrinal Articles than the rest of the Church, grows more indulOctober 1627; when K. CHARLES I. SeEachard. Who says, LAUD was an aspiring and fiery Man, a Lover of Pomp and Ceremony, an active Opposer of Antiarminianism, a mortal Opposer of Puritans; that his Heart was entirely set upon the Advancement and Grandeur of the Church [i. e. not the Laical, but Clerical Part; or as Eachard in another Place more clearly calls it — the Advancement of the Clergy's Grandeur] which the Arch B
ROME: In which He had the hearty Concurrence of the King; and grew in such Favour with Him, as to be made Bishop of London in 1628, Arch Bishop of Canterbury in 1633, and to
Govern without a Rival in Church and State. Fuller says He was over severe in his Censures; in the Star Chamber wa
ROME and ENGLAND. And theContinuation of Baker's Chronicle
Edition of Baker's Chronicle, Printed in 1660.He was a buisy Man, over-violent in his Proceedings, and never ceas'd to Persecute the PURITANS.
Of these Engl
were the greater Part of the Settlers of the MASSACHUSETTS Colony. They had been chiefly Born and Brought up in the National Church, and had hitherto lived in Communion with Her. As their Ministers had been Ordain'd by her Bishops, they had OffiParochial Churches, and till now had made no Secession from them: tho' with Multitudes of others, labouring under grievous Impositions, conflicting with many Difficulties, and looking earnestly for better Times; till the High-flying Bishops both increased the Ceremonies, and grew so rigorous in imposing them, as to allow no Worship in the Church without them: yea so severely prosecNative Land in Quiet. Finding therefore the Impositions growing, loosing all furThere; and NEW ENGLAND opening Her Arms to embrace them: they judged they now ought to improve the OfferWilderness Three Thousand Miles aHere being Free from all Restraint, they might set up Churches in their Worship, Matter, Form and Discipline, intirely after the New-Testament Model; en
Sal
pleasing us not [for the Capital Town] we consome other: to this Purthe Bay to search up the Rivers for a conveniPlace; who returning, report they have sound a good one upon Mistick River: But others seconding these, find another we like better, 3 Leagues up Charles River:
this was at the Place whence the Dorchester People were ordered to remove.
Iuly With much Cost and Labour, bring them to CHARLESTOWN, on the North side the Mouth of Charles River (dd)
Iuly Arrive at CHARLSTOWN, Gov. Winthrop, Dep. Gov. Dudley, Sir Richard Saltonstall, Mr. Iohnson, Ludlow, Nowell, Pynchen, and Bradstreet, with the Massachusetts Colony CHARTER; as also MrWilson and Phillips Ministers, with about Fifteen Hundred People Wilson's Yearly Allowance out of the PubIuly 10, (Mcr) It seems as if on that Day, the Fleet arriv'd at Charlstown: and Iohnson, saying that
Iuly
By 12, or thereabouts [this People] first set foot on this Western End of the World; where arriving in Safety, Men Women and Children. On the North side of Charles River they Landed near Nodthis Western End of the World, He may mean at Charlstown: But if He meant at Salem, He should have said Iune 12.Ships from England (tcr)
Mary and Iohn. (2) Arbella. (3) Iewell (4) Ambrose. (5) May flower. (6) Whale. (7) Talbot (8) William and Francis. (9) Tryal. (10) Charles. (11) Su
(12) Hopewell.
Lyon brought other People for Plymouth, or came on the Penobscut Business. But the Charlstown Records unaccountably mistake in placing all this History in 1629.dd) the Governor and sevePatentees dwell in the Great H
last Year built by Mr. Graves, and the rest of their SerTown-Hill (tcr) and their Meeting Place is abroad under a Tree, where Mr. Wilson & Phillips Preach &c. (crc)
[The State of the Neighbouring Places on the MASSACHU
On Noddel's Island lives Mr. Samuel Maverick; a Man of a very loving and courteous Behaviour, very ready to entertain Strangers: On this Island with the Help of Mr. David Thompson, He had built a small Fort with four Great Guns to Protect him from the Indians
Creek which takes it'sName from Mr. Edward Gibbons, who dwelt there for some Years after, and became Major General. On the South side of Charles River Mouth, on a Point of Land call'd Blaxton's Point lives Mr. Blaxton (j) where He only has a Cottage (tcr) the Neck of
Land from which the Point runs being in Indian named SHAWMUT, afterwards BOSTON (tcr) To the S. E. thereof near Thompson's Island, live some few Planters more. Mount Wollaston, Weymouth and Nantasket, seems uncertain.Trade with the Natives for Bever Skins; which moved them to make their abode in those Places, and are found of some Help to the New Colony (j)
But having had a long Passage; some of the Ships 17, some 18 Weeks(tcr) having no fresh Food to cherish them (j) And tho' the People are very pitiful and loving: yet the Sickness with other Distempers so prevails, that the Well are not able to tend them: Upon which many Die and are Buried about the Hill (tcr) yet 'twas admirable to see with what christian Courage many carry it amidst these Calamities. (j)
Iuly
Lord's Day, after the Evening Exercise, Mr. Iohnson at Salem, receives a Letter from Gov. Winth
at Charlstown, representing the Hand of Gnext Friday is set apart to humble themselves before Him and seek Him in his Ordinances: that then
three distinct Places, each having Men of Ability with them, there to observe the Days, and become three distinct Bodies: th
are Charlestown, Dorcheste
and Sal
Church of Plimouth to set apart the same Day for the same Ends; beseeching the Lord as to withdraw his Hand of Correction, so to direct and establish them in his Ways. (B) Iuly 30. Fryday, the Day of solemn PRAYER and FASTING kept at Charlestown: when Gov Winthrop, Dep. Gov. Dudley, Mr. Iohnson, and the Rev. Mr Wilson, first enter into Church Covenant, and lCharlestown (B) [and afterBoston]
Aug. 1. Lord's Day five more join to the Church at Charlestown (B) which by the Order in Boston Church Records, are Mr. Nowell, T Sharp, Bradstreet, [Assistants] Mr Wm. Gager [Surgeon] and Mr Wm C
[afterwards a Ruling Elder(cbr) who with others quickly added, chusWilson for their Pastor: the greater Numwant of Water: For tho' this Neck abounds with good Water, yet they only found a bracField (tcr) which was not to be come at but when the Tide was down (j) and could not supply half the Necessities of that Multitude: at which time the Death of so many was thought to be owing to the Want of good Water. (tcr)
This made several go aboard upon Discovery (tcr) Some go over to Shawmut on the South side of the River. (j) Some go without Charlestown-Neck and travel up into the Main till they came to a Place well watered: whether Sir R ▪ Saltonstall with Mr. Phillips and several Others went and settled a Plantation, and call'd it WATERTOWN. In the mean time, Mr. Blackston of Shawmut coming over informs the Gov of an excellent Spring There(tcr) [Upon which it seems that Mr. Iohnson with several others soon Remove and Begin to Settle on that side of the River.]
Aug. 2 One of Plimouth writes from Charlstown to his Friend at Plimouth —
The sad News Here is, that many are Sick and many are Dead: the LORD in Mercy look upon them: Some are entered into
Church Covenant — and others 'tis like will add themselves to them daily: the LORD increase them both in Number and Holiness — Here is a Gentleman one Mr. Cottington
Boston Man; who told me that Mr. COTTON's Charge at Hampton was,That they should take Advice of them at
PLIMOUTH ▪
and should do nothing to offend them:Coddington; and by Boston I conclude He meant Boston in England; for Boston in New England seems not yet to be named. And as by this only Passage of a LBradford's Mss History we find that the Rev. & famous Mr Cotton went from Boston in Lincol
to take his Leave of his departinSouth-Hampton; so by this we find he had better Ideas of the Plimouth People than had been reLetter
from Mr. Endicot and others of Sal
might have giveEngland a different and more agreable Apprehension of
Here are divers honest Christians desirous to see us; some out of Love they bare us and the good Perswasion they have of us; others to see whether we be so ill as they have heard(B)
Aug. 20 Arrives in Charlestown-Harbour another Ship, call'd TheGift: who tho' 12 Weeks atSea, yet lost but one Passenger (H) and Dep Gov Dudley says, that all the 17 Ships mention'd in Sec. I. Note 79, arrived safe in New-England for the increase of the Plantation here, this Year, 1630.
It having been reported in England, that there were now Provisions enough Here, divers Ships came not so well supplied as otherwise
Indians for Bever; we fall into great and threatning Straits for want of Food. Upon which the Governour and other Gentlemen hire & dispatch away Mr. William Pierce with his Ship (tcr) the Lyon of Bristol (dd) of about 200 Tons, for Ireland, to Buy more (tcr) and come back with allSpeed; with whom goes MrRevil, one of the five Undertakers here; Mr Vas
one of the Assistants, with his Family, and Mr. Bright the Minister sent hither the Year before. (dd)
The M
increasing many Died weekPynchon, Mrs Coddington, MrsPhillips
Alcock a Sister of Mr. Ho
Sh
being now on their Return, some for England, some for I
there was not much less than an Hundred, some think many more, partly ouOthers also afterwards hearing of Men of their own Disposition at Pascataway, went from us t(dd)
Aug. 23. The first Court of Assistants held at Charles
on board the Arb
PresenWin
Deputy Governour Dud
Sir R. Sal
Mr. Ludlow, R
and Bradstreet: wherein the first thing Propounded is, How the Ministers shall be maintained! Mr. Wilson and Phillips only Proposed: and Order'd that Houses be Built for them with convenient speed at the Publick Charge. Sir. R. Saltonstall undertook to see it done at his Plantation for Mr. Phillips; and the Governour at the other Plantation for Mr. Wilson: Mr. Phillips to have Thirty Pounds a Year, beginning at the first of September next; Mr. Wilson to have Twenty Pounds a Year till his Wife come over, beginning at Iuly 10 last; all this at the comMattapan and Salem exMorton of Mount Wollaston be sent for Presently: and that Carpenters, Joiners, Bricklayers, Sawyers and Thatchers, take no more than two Shillings a Day, under Pain Shillings to Giver and Taker. (Mcr) and Mr. Bradstr
chosen Secretary. (j)
Iohnson says, Mr. WINTHROP was then chose Governor, and Mr. DUDLEY Deputy Governor for the ReEngland.]
Aug. 27. F
the first Ordination of an Elder in the Massachusetts Bay, viz Mr. Wilson (sd 47) who is [now] made Pastor [or Teaching Elder] of the Church at Charlestown (tcr) and whose Extent now reaches on both sides the River. (j)
Aug. e. About this Time, (dd) Dies at Salem, and is soon after interred There, the Lady ARBELLA, Wife of Mr. JOHNSON: who came from a PaEarldom into this WilH)
Sept.
Dies of a Fever, Mr. Gager, a skilful Surgeon, a right Godly Man, and one of the Deacons of our Church at Charlestown: as also the Rev. Mr Higginson of a Consumption (dd) the first TeaSalem (H) a zealous and profitable Preacher (dd) AEtat. 43 (cm)
Morton says He Died about the same time of the Year after his Ordination, in August: Dr C Mather says, in August, and Mr. Hubbard on Aug. 6. But Dep. Governor Dudley writing about the same Time; I chuse to mention it in the same manner.
Sept. 7. The second Court of Assistants held at Charlestown: Present Governor Winthrop, DeDudley, Sir R. Saltonstall, Mr. Iohnson, Endicot, Sharp, Nowell, Coddington, Ludlow, Rossiter, Pynchon, Bradstreet: Order'd that Thomas Morton of Mount Wolaston shall presently be set in the Bilbowes, and after sent Prisoner to England by the Ship called the Gift now returning thither; that all his Goods shall be seiz'd to Defray the Charge of his Transportation, Payment of his Debts and to give satisfaction to the Indians for a Canoe he took unjustly from them; and that hisHouse be Burnt down to the Ground in sight of the Indians for their satisfaction for many wrongs he has done them. Order'd that no Person shall Plant in any Place within the Limits of this Patent without leave from the Governor and Assistants or major part of them: that a
Aggawam, to command those who arePlanted There forthTrimoun
be called BOSTON; Mattapan DORCHESTTown upon Charles River WATER(Mcr)
Thus this remarkable PENINSULA, about two Miles in Length and one in Breadth, in those times, appearing at High Water in the Form of two Islands who's Indian Name was Shawmut; but I suppose on the account of three contiguous Hills appearing in a range to those at Charlestown, by the English call'd at first T
and now receives the Name of BOSTON. Which Deputy Governor Dudley says, they had before intended to call the Place they first resolv'd on: and Mr. Hubbard, that they gave this Name on the account of Mr. COTTON, [the then famous Puritan Minister of Boston in England; for whom they had the highest Reverence, and of whose coming over they were doubtless in some hopeful Prospect] And from the late Judge Sewall in comparison with the Charlestown Records, I learn, that this Town was settled under the Conduct of Mr. JOHNSON; whom Mr. Hubbard calls, a worthy Gentleman of Note for Piety and Wisdom; and the Rev. Mr. Danforth of Roxbury, styles him — a right Nathaniel, eminent for Piety and Virtue; and in another Place, a Gentleman of singular Piety and Sincerity.
Chronological Articles at the End of his Almanacks, Printed in 1647 & 1649.
this Town, the major Part of the Church in a little time Removes from Charlestown; and so One Hundred fifty & one
Oct. 14 1632, when they peacetwo Churches (tcr. c br.)
Thus out of small BeginningsGreat Things have been produced by HIS HAND that made all things, and gives Being to all things that are
Here
Bradford adding this immediately after the ArAug: 2. It seems uncertain whether by Here He meant the Plimouth or Boston-Church: tho' I am apt to think the Latter.
(B)
But this Composure growing beyond my Expectation, and the Bookseller informing me that if I now proceed to the Endof thisSecond Section,as intended, it will make theFirst Volumetoo unsizeable; I must ask the Reader to excuse my referring the Rest to theSecond Volume,and clsing this with the • ADDITIONof some Passages Omittd in the • Introduction,and theFirst Sectionof theII Part.