An essay to revive and encourage military exercises, skill and valour among the sons of God's people in New-England. A sermon preached before the Honourable Artillery-Company in Boston, June 5th. 1732. Being the day of their election of officers; : and now made publick at their request, and at the desire of many others. / By Oliver Peabody, A.M. Pastor of the church in Natick. ; [Nine lines of Scripture texts]

An essay to revive and encourage military exercises, skill and valour among the sons of God's people in New-England. A sermon preached before the Honourable Artillery-Company in Boston, June 5th. 1732. Being the day of their election of officers; : and now made publick at their request, and at the desire of many others. / By Oliver Peabody, A.M. Pastor of the church in Natick. ; [Nine lines of Scripture texts]

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AN ESSAY To revive Military Exercises, Skill and Valour.

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AN ESSAY To revive Military Exercises, Skill and Valour.

2 SAM. I. 18.

Also he had them teach the Children of Judah the Use of the Bow.

IN the latter part of this Chapter, we have a mournful and yet manly Poem, which was composed by David; who was not only a mighty valiant Man, a man of War, but also the sweet Psalmist of Israel, an accomplished Poet, and one that could play well on an Instrument.

HE wrote this Military Elegy, on the mournful Occasion of the overthrow and daughter of some of the People of the Lord, [Page] and particularly the tragical Death of Saul King of Israel, and his beloved Jonathan the King's Son.—

There was War between the Philistines, who were a valiant warlike People, and the Children of Israel.

Saul the King, (as becomes a brave General) led forth his Armies himself to the War: He marched and (as we may suppose) fought at the head of his armed Soldiers: He also took his Sons with him into the Camp and Field of Battle, and met the Forces of the Philistines.

There ensued a bloody Battle between these gallant Armies: and alas! the Race is not to the swift, nor the Battle to the strong.

The Armies of the uncircumcised prevailed and got the Day, and Israel fled before them, and fell down slain on the Mountains of Gilboa. 1 Sam. 31. begin.

The Philistines well knowing how to pursue an Advantage, followed after Israel, and slew the valiant and worthy Sons of the King, even Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchishua; and they wounded Saul the Lord's anointed with an Arrow.

Now when Saul saw the downfall of his heroic Sons, and many of his valiant Soldiers, the overthrow of his Armies, and himself wounded, and had in vain, asked his Armour-bearer to put an end to his Life, and so to his Anguish and Misery, he fell on his [Page] own Sword and died, as if he had not been anointed with Oyl *.

When the News of this was brought to David in Zicklag, by a young Amalekite, David and the Men that were with him rent their Cloths, and they mourned and wept and fasted until evening, for Saul and for Jonathan his Son, and for the People of the Lord, and for the House of Israel, because they were fallen by the Sword. Verse 11 & 12 of our Context.

And when David had done Justice on the Amalekite, and was retired, he gave further Vent to his noble Passions, in this mournful and yet sublime Funeral Song, at the beginning of which stand the Words of our Text.

In which he celebrates the Military Accomplishments and Atchievements of these Heroes, and laments their Death.

The Elegy is intirely Military, as one observes †, and 'tis plain the design of it was, to fire the Ambition of the Militia of Judah, and stir up in them a Martial Spirit, to quicken them by Military Exercises, to endeavour to excel in warlike Skill and Accomplishments; that they might equal and excel the Skill and Valour of those Worthies, and rise up in their stead, and boldly carry on the War against their Enemies, and avenge the Death of their King, his Sons, and the other valiant [Page] Soldiers that fell with them; and retrieve the Honour and Credit they had lost by this overthrow.

Agreably,

In the Text, he bad them teach the Children of Judah the Use of the Bow.

‘This, as Junius observes, expresses the Design of David, that this Song might excite and provoke them to addict themselves to Martial Exercises, and to acquire Skill in the use of the Bow, which is here put for all warlike Weapons then in Fashion.’

And for the same Reason and with the same View he tells them, that good Soldiers are the Beauty of Israel; he minds them of the Valour, of the Honour and Success of Saul and Jonathan, and mentions other things in the Elegy.

David was now upon the Death of Saul, not only Generalissimo of the Forces of Israel, and Captain of the Lord's Hosts, but the King of Israel, tho' not yet in possession of the Throne by the Act of Coronation.

And notwithstanding his Mourning, he was not forgetful of his Duty, nor unmindful of the Safety and Felicity, the Honour and Reputation of his Kingdom and People.

But at the same time that he publishes this Song, he sends forth this wise and proper Order and Command, or publishes this Law (as one calls it) therewith, to the Officers of the Troops and trained Bands, and to all others [Page] concerned in those Affairs in the Tribe of Judah; (as I may have occasion to observe hereafter) that they should take care that the Soldiers should be taught the Art, Skill and Practice of War, the Use of Martial Weapons.

He that writes this History mentions this Order, as he enters on the Recitation of the Song, to the Honour of this great King.

And I think our Text may well be understood in this Sense, both because of the Connection & Design of this Story and Elegy, and because of the Idiom and Phrase of the Hebrew, (as far as I can judge of it) tho' there are great Men that suppose this Expression, He bad them teach the Children of Judah the Bow, means, he bad them teach them this Song, to which he prefixes the Title, Kasheth, or the Bow.

I can't satisfy my self with that Exposition; but allowing it, yet even the Patrons of it, allow the Poem to have the same View and Design, and so the former Sense is still good; and having good Authority on my side, I may be allowed to take my Text in that Sense.

And understanding it so, we may observe here,

1. First, Who it was, and what Character he sustained, who issued out this Order or Command.

Now 'twas the valiant and expert David, (who as was said) tho' taken from the Sheepfolds [Page] of his Father in Bethlehem *, was yet a very brave couragious and skilful Soldier; he had approved himself such an one, not only in the celebrated Action of slaying Goliah, the Champion of the Philistines, who was a man of war from his Youth, when David was but a stripling †, but also in bringing in two hundred Foreskins of the Philistines at another Time ‖, and now in the Slaughter of the Amalekites †{inverted †}, and many other noble Exploits which he had done.

And he was now the Captain General of the standing Forces of Israel, and the King instead of Saul. It was this great Master of the Art of War, and chief Commander, that gave forth his Command to teach his Soldiers, his Subjects, the Military Art.

And with what Propriety and Authority a Command comes from such an one! how chearfully will it be received and obeyed by Officers and Soldiers!

Generals and Captains should be good Soldiers.

2. Secondly, Observe here, to whom this Order was sent.

And it plainly appears that it was not primarily to Common Soldiers; but it was either to the Magistrates of Judah, in whose power it was, by the King's Approbation, to make and execute the Martial Laws;

[Page]Or to such Parents as had Sons capable of learning the Art of War, and able to go forth to War: Or rather to the Officers of the Armies, the Colonels, Captains, Lieutenants, and the like. * Praefecti rei Militaris, says a Critick; the Officers, or those that had the oversight of Military Affairs.

These were presumed to be able to teach others, and received Orders agreably.

3. Thirdly, Observe in the Text, the Persons to be taught, viz. the Children of Judah, the Sons of Judah, as in the Original: The young and effective Men, who were suitable to be taught this Art.

Judah was the Tribe to which David belonged; and his chief Dependance was upon them for Martial Exploits, and for Constancy and Fidelity to their Prince: They were also a professing and religious People.

They must then be first taught the Art of War; not that the other Tribes were to be neglected; a General will have his own Company good Soldiers.

4. Fourthly, Observe here, the Order, Command or Law it self; Teach them the Bow, or, the Use of the Bow. Some, tho' not all Expositors, think this well supplied in our Translation, by adding the Words the Use of, and the Bow was a Martial Weapon, much used in those Days. Jonathan is celebrated [Page] in this Poem for his Skill in the use of it, and the Exploits he had done by it. He had before this, his Artillery and Bow. 1 Sam. 20.40.

David himself doubtless well understood it; and the Philistines were very expert and successful in the use of it. By this they gained the Victory just before mentioned over Israel: With the Bow they slew Saul and his Sons.

'Tis possible Archery was not so much in use now among the Children of Israel as it had been; partly because of the glorious Victory David had lately obtained over Goliah with a Sling and Stone, and partly because Slings were cheaper.

But this was not out of Use; for some of them who came to David to Zicklag, who were mighty Men, and helpers of the War, were armed with Bows as well as Slings, 1 Chron. 12.1, 2.

But on this Occasion, that they might not be inferiour to their Enemies in any part of Military Skill, or the use of any Weapon, and that they might fight and overcome the Enemies with their own Weapons, they were to be taught a more exact and perfect Skill in the use of the Bow.

Or as is generally thought, by Bow here is meant all Military Instruments, and so the Command is in general, teach them all the Art of War, and the use of every warlike Weapon, but especially such as will be of most [Page]Advantage to fight against the bloody Philistines, and enable them to avenge the Death of their King, and the other brave Soldiers that fell with him.

This experienced King and Commander knew very well of how much Importance it was to have a well disciplined Army, of such as were expert and skilful in the use of all Martial Weapons, to meet, fight and vanquish an Enemy that was such.

And 'tis not impossible but some defect of Discipline and Skill among the Soldiers of Judah, or some dejection of Spirits on this Overthrow, might excite him the more at this Time to give out this Command.

And what was then reasonable, honourable and beautiful among a People, is so now. If valiant and accomplished Soldiers were the Beauty and Safety of a People then, they are so in our Days.

In further speaking to these Words, I shall (by Divine Help) briefly consider these three Things, (which naturally offer themselves to our Thoughts) viz.

First, It is very desirable, and what God's People ought to take care of, that their Sons be taught and trained up in the Military Art and Skill; or that they be expert, accomplished and valiant Soldiers.

Secondly, I shall consider what Influence the Example in our Text may have on those who have (in our Days) the Command of the Militia. And

[Page]Thirdly, That it is desirable that a People be taught that Manner of warring, and Skill in using those Weapons of War, which may be of most Service against the Enemies they have most Apprehensions from.

First, I am to consider, that 'tis very desirable, and what God's People ought to take care of, that their Sons be taught and trained up in the Military Art and Skill; or, that they be expert, accomplished and valiant Soldiers.

We see this was one of the very first things this wise and prudent King took care of, after he became King, to give Orders that his Subjects should bring up their Sons in Military Exercises, that they should teach them the Martial Art, and the use of warlike Weapons. He would have their young Men early taught it, and all grow more dexterous at it.

And he puts into their Hands at the same Time this Poem, not only to eternise the Memory of his Heroes, but to fire their martial Courage, and stir them up to Emulation, and to fill them with desires of acquiring the Honour and Glory which belongs to skilful and brave Soldiers.

Agreably he gives this Command, as we may suppose, not only to Soldiers and Field-Officers, but to the Civil Rulers, and to those Parents that had Sons fit to be educated therein, as I have above observed.

[Page]And there is as much Reason why our Sons at this Day should be taught this Skill and Art, as there was in the Days of David.

We have seen and felt by unhappy Experience, that a People's Enjoyment of Gospel Privileges, is no effectual Security against Enemies and Wars: The Time is not (we may fear) yet come, when Men may beat their Swords into Plow shares, and their Spears into Pruning-hooks; that Nation shall not lift up Sword against Nation, neither shall they learn War any more *. Nor may we expect it will, till Men will be effectually perswaded in the day of Christ's Power, to lay down the Weapons of their Rebellion against the Lord of Hosts, and list chearfully under the Banner of Christ, the great Captain of our Salvation †; and become his obedient and loyal Subjects, and good Soldiers.

Neither is the Profession of Religion in the least inconsistent with a Military Spirit, and the Art of War: The most holy and wise of all Men have practiced War, and have been famous for their Valour and Atchievements therein, as Abraham, Moses, Joshua, David and others; and this Command was given to Judah, God's own People. Further, the Life of a Christian is compared to a Warfare, and we are commanded to put on the Armour of God ‖, and to be good Soldiers of Christ †{inverted †}.

[Page]Neither is this unseasonable at this Day; altho' thro' the abundant Goodness of GOD, by his Blessing on the wise Counsels and well ordered Negotiations of the best of Kings, our renowned and most rightful and gracious Sovereign GEORGE, there is now Peace in Europe, for which we bless GOD with all our Hearts.

Nor because, by the Blessing of God on the wise Administrations and prudent Managements of the Honourable Legislature of this Province, we have Peace in our Borders at present, and some prospect of its continuance. Solomon had, and took care to have, Men of War, trained expert and valiant Soldiers, even in his peaceful Reign. 1 King. 9.22. Cant. 3.7, 8.

And who can tell what Changes there are in the right Hand of the Most High? or how soon we may again hear the Alarm of War, and be called forth to the Field of Battle?

If we consider our Backslidings from, and our provoking Sins against God, we shall see but little Reason to hope for a long series of Peace and Prosperity. And if we view the Actions and warlike Preparations of a Nation, who seem to make Peace only to gain Time to prepare for War; if we see what they are doing even within the Limits of our own Province (as is supposed) and then consider the Principles that act them with respect to us, whom they call Hereticks, tho' falsly, and the Incendiaries which are among them, I believe all will allow, that this is [Page] not a Time to let the Military Spirit & Skill intirely die and come to nothing among us; to let our Swords rust in their Scabbords, and our Guns grow unfit for Service, and be intirely uncapable on any Occasion to take up Arms, or have no Men that know how to handle or use Arms.

And I hope that an ESSAY to revive Martial Exercises, Skill and Valour among us, will not be thought unseasonable, nor be unacceptable, (tho' coming from the most unqualified of Christ's Ministers) since I am called to such a Service on this Occasion.

It appears then, that even in our Days and Land, God's People ought to take care to have their Sons taught the Military Art.

And perhaps there is as much need that such a Command as our Text should be given to the Field Officers and to the Parents of New-England, as ever there was to any People: For where ever was the Martial Spirit and Skill, and Military Exercises at a lower Ebb, than among us? and where ever was there a People that appeared less concerned about their own Defence and Safety, than we in general are? Unless it were the Men of Laish, who became an easy Prey to their Enemies. Judg. 18.27.

And where ever was there a People more envied and maligned by other Nations than we are, except Israel?

It would be a most beautiful and desireable [Page] thing, to see a Military Spirit revive among us; and how necessary this may be found we know not, but may be too late convinced by the unhappy Consequents of the want of it. How delightful and desirable it is to have our Sons, Sons of Valour and Renown, expert and brave Soldiers, our Officers becoming their Posts, and honoured in them. And as our Security gives Vigour and Courage to our Enemies, this would curb their Pride and damp their Spirits, and the Terror of our Arms might force them to be at Peace with us. We have seen something of this, by the happy Consequents of the valiant and heroic Exploits of our late brave Captain LOVEWELL, and his worthy Company, whose Death we still lament, and whose Memory is precious, and ought to be immortal.

Our Sons then should be acquainted with Military Exercises, and learn the Art of War; their Hands should be taught to War, and their Fingers to fight. Psal. 144.1. They should know how to use the Sword, the Spear, the Gun, and all other Martial Weapons. They should learn to keep Rank, to March, to face to their Leaders, and make good their Ground. They should be taught how to handle their Arms, and be expert at it: They should know the Words of Command, and understand well the Martial Beat of the Drum, and the reviving and animating Sound of the shrill Trumpet: They should be taught Obedience to their [Page]Commanders, and also when to charge on their Enemies with Advantage; what Ground to choose, when to advance, and when to retreat; how also to Encamp, and how to defend themselves by Intrenchments; how to Fortify our Castles, Forts and Garrisons, and how to besiege those of our Enemies, and batter down their Walls, and break their Ramparts, and how to pursue an Advantage once gained, and all other proper Stratagems of War.

They should be instructed how to furbish their Swords, and keep all their Arms fit for Service; and how to endure Hardness as good Soldiers.

Once more, their Martial Fire should be kindled and blown up, and they should learn to be cautious of running into needless Dangers, but yet when there is need, to despise Danger, and face their Enemies without Fear or Cowardise, and boldly to jeopard their Lives unto the Death, (like Deborah's Soldiers, Judges, Chap. 5.) in the high places of the Field, when called to fight the Battles of the LORD, to fight for their Lives, Liberties, Religion, and Cities and People of their GOD. But

I am not here to teach the Art of War, nor to enumerate the several parts of it, but to shew that Soldiers are to be taught all the parts thereof; and this is what a People ought to take care to see accomplished.— And I shall say but few Words for the proof [Page] of this, and that principally agreable to my Text and Context.

1st Reason And first, A People should do this, because such Soldiers are the Beauty of a People.

King David begins this Martial Song with this, the Beauty of Israel is slain upon the high places, v. 19 of our Context. The Beauty of Israel, i. e. the expert and valiant Soldiers of Israel▪ Good Soldiers, as one * hence observes, are no small part of the Beauty of God's Israel. Such Soldiers are beautiful in themselves, valuable, honourable, and highly to be esteemed. How mean and despicable doth a Nation appear, without a disciplined and couragious Soldiery? What a Figure did Laish make, compared with the Armies of Israel? And how awful was the Time in Israel, when there was War in the Gates, and yet not a Sword nor Spear seen among forty thousand! and if there had, yet perhaps not one that could use them. Judg 5.8. Tho' an Army with Banners, which implies Skill and Order, is terrible to Enemies, yet 'tis beautiful and pleasant to those for whose Defence and Safety 'tis engaged.

Now undoubtedly it becomes a People to countenance and encourage what is beautiful and honourable among them.

2d. Reason. The Safety and Happiness of a [Page] People, under God, depends very much on a skilful, valiant and disciplined Militia.

Altho' David trusted not in his Bow nor Sword *, but on God for Safety, yet under God he trusted to his Armies, his skilful and valiant Soldiers. What can an unskilful and cowardly People do, if an Enemy come against them well disciplined and armed? Tho' our Hope must be in God, and our Dependance on him for Salvation, yet we must make use of the best and most proper and probable Means: And it may be truly said, that our Lives, our Liberties, our Religion, and the safety of our Wives and Children, and all that is dear to us, in a great measure depends on skilful and valiant Soldiers. Such a Militia often prevents Wars; but if it doth not prevent them, yet it keeps the Enemies in fear, and at a Distance, and it must be owned to be of unspeakable Service in a Day of Battle: Surely 'tis then desireable, and what any People should think themselves concerned in, to have such a Soldiery among them.

Further to confirm this, I may add, were this not desireable, King David would not have taken so much Care and Pains to encourage it; neither would the Holy Ghost have left his Example on Record in sacred Writ for our Imitation. Neither further, would good Soldiers have been mentioned with such [Page] distinguishing Marks of Honour thro' the whole Scriptures.

Further, this is evident, in that God himself is pleased to take the Titles of, A Man of War *, the Lord of Hosts, and the Lord God strong and mighty, the Lord mighty in Battle: And also to claim the Honour of teaching this Art, Psal. 144.1. forecited; and in that our Saviour appears in the Form of a glorious Captain of the Lord's Host, Josh. 5.13, 14. and 6.2. and at another Time on a red Horse in his Martial Glory, Zech. 1.8. But this is so evident in it self, and has been so fully and elaborately proved by such as have stood here before me on like Occasions, that I need say no more under this general Head.

Secondly, I proceed now Secondly to consider, as I proposed, What Influence the Example in our Text may have on those who have (in our Day) the Command of the Militia.

And our Text seems to have a double Aspect.

1. First, The King's Example may refer to such as are honoured by God, so as to be placed at the head of the Militia.

And as to them I may humbly say, Will they not be pleased to use their Influence and Authority to encourage Military Exercises, and so to revive a Martial Spirit and Skill in the Art of War, among the Children of God's People?

[Page]By honouring and countenancing such Exercises with their Presence, as they see meet; by endeavouring that good Laws be made and provided for the Militia, and properly executed. And

By advancing such Persons to the Honour of bearing Commissions under Them, as are every way qualified and accomplished therefor: Men that will honour God and the King, and maintain the Dignity and Authority of their Posts, and have a due regard to Order and Discipline; and Men that are able to teach others the Art of War, and the Use of Martial Weapons.: Men of a publick and generous Spirit, of known Probity and Faithfulness, and of exemplary Temperance and Sobriety, who will endeavour to promote Order, Temperance and Vertue, as well as Military Skill and Valour among their Soldiers. Psal. 101.6. Doubtless David's Eyes were on such to dwell with him in the Camp, as well as Court; and this will have an happy Influence on the advancement of Vertue and Religion, as well as the Art and Skill of War.

Secondly, But the Example in our Text also respects such as are honoured with Commissions under the CAPTAIN-GENERAL and Chief Commander.

The Command in the Text may be supposed to be given particularly to them; and if it be incumbent on the chief Officers and the Legislature to give them Orders, Commands [Page] and Laws for the Militia, surely they should pay a due Honour and Regard to them.

I may therefore with due deference say, this Matter belongs also to the other Commanders of the Armies of this our Israel; to the Captains of Thousands, and the Captains of Hundreds; or in the Language of the present Day, to the Colonels, to the Majors, to the Captains, &c. every one that bears a Commission in the Field, is to use his Endeavour to revive and encourage Military Exercises, and the Martial Spirit, Art and Courage among us.

And in order hereto, to labour to excel in warlike Skill, and make himself an accomplished Soldier, and Master of the Art of War, which he is to teach others; to take care to fill up and honour the Office he sustains, and maintain the Dignity and Authority of it.

If there be any Honour in your Commissions, as surely Sirs there is; then do not lose it, nor let it suffer, and be brought into Contempt, by slighting & despising it your selves, and suffering others, or giving them Occasion to trample on it.

I may say further, such are to endeavour to instruct their Soldiers in the Art of War, and the Use of warlike Weapons, and make them expert therein: And in order hereto, to attend with dure Care, and in the proper Seasons, on Military Exercies on Days of Troopings, Trainings, &c. and this for the [Page] true and noble End thereof; not for Sport and Mirth, nor to give magnificent Treats to your Soldiers, which is so destructive to Martial Skill and Valour, and so often frustrates the great Ends of Trainings; but for the advancement of Military Art and Skill, and to fit your Soldiers for Actual Service.

I may say further, our Text may be conceived to concern Parents and Masters, they are to send their Children and Servants to Trainings, and by all proper Means endeavour to train them up in Military Exercises and Skill.

And this Art and these Exercises are too noble, manly and honourable, to be below or unbecoming the Dignity of the greatest. The excellent Example of our Father Abraham, who trained up all his Servants in the Affairs of War, Gen. 14.14. should excite us hereunto.

And all Soldiers ought conscientiously to attend their Duty herein: If they are to be taught, then they must endeavour to learn War. They are not to slight, nor carelesly neglect to attend, much less designedly avoid the Exercises prescribed by Law, for their Education in this manly and necessary Art. They are not to come to the Field to mock and deride their Officers, nor meerly for Sport and Diversion; but with hearty desires and sincere endeavours to acquaint themselves with all the Exercises, and every part of the Art of War.

[Page]But 'tis time I proceed to the third and last Thing I proposed for clearing the Text, viz.

Thirdly, That 'tis desireable that a People should be taught that Manner of warring, and the Use of those Martial Weapons which may be of most Service against those Enemies that they are most likely to have War with.

The Philistines were an Enemy that the King and People of Israel at that time most feared; they had long been a Scourge to them; and they had a well trained Army, skilful in the Art, and expert in the Use and handling of the Weapons of War; bold in adventuring, and couragious in fighting.

Now a great part of their Strength lay in their Dexterity and Skill in the use of the Bow; they were expert Archers, as we learn from the Account of the Battle with Saul and his Armies, forecited 1 Sam. 31. and as has been above noted.

And now being flushed with the late Victory, they were like to be undaunted in another Onset, and therefore David would have his Soldiers now taught the use of the Bow; (but not so as to neglect the use of other Weapons) that they might meet their Enemies with the same Weapon, and excel them therein, and vanquish them therewith.

And this shows how proper and commendable 'tis for God's People to teach their Soldiers, if not the very same Weapons that [Page] their Enemies use, yet at least such as are of most Service to fight against them with.

Our Sons are then not only to be taught the Art of War in general, but that manner of fighting and carrying on a War in particular, and the use of those Weapons which are most likely to succeed in prosecuting a War, (if ever there be Occasion, which God grant there never may) against the Enemies we have most Reason to fear that we may have War with. And the Case may be so with a People, that they may have Occasion and Need to have their Soldiers acquainted with all sorts of warring, all manner of fighting, and the use of all kinds of Military Weapons; they may have Occasion to acquaint themselves not only with the Weapons and Manner of War with one, and that a neighbouring Nation, but with different and distant People: and may it not be so within this Land?

And he will be a finished Soldier, that can find, fight and conquer his Enemies in the Thicket of the Woods; and immediately fall into a marshalled and regular Army, or into a disciplined Troop, and fight and overcome in open Field; and also excel again on the mighty Deep, and understand the best Manner of fighting on the Sea. And Soldiers should not only learn to handle their Arms, and use their Weapons, but it becomes them to study their Enemies, to know the Weapons [Page]of War they use, and in which they are most expert; to know where their Strength lies, and so how they may with the greatest Ease defend themselves, and annoy and vanquish their Enemies.

In this lies a very considerable part of the Accomplishments of a Soldier.

The same Weapons, the same Manner of fighting that the disciplined Armies of Europe use and practice to Advantage, would not be so serviceable against the Enemies that have most troubled New-England. And so on the contrary.

And since we are not sure but we may again be molested by them, or others like them; and since 'tis not impossible that we may be invaded by more regular Armies from beyond the Seas, and be called to fight with valiant and marshalled Armies, and disciplined Troops in the open Field; I would here (as my Text leads me) humbly offer to Consideration, whether it is not desireable, and would not be prudent in this People of the LORD, and that even now tho' in a Time of Peace,

1st. That some of the young and valiant Sons of New-England, should be trained up in the way of fighting, and the use of those warlike Instruments that would be of most Service in a[Page]War against the Salvages of the Wilderness and their Confederates *?

Might it not be of unspeakable Service to this Land, if some of our brave, hardy and intrepid Youths, and others in our Frontier Towns and elsewhere, might be encouraged by some Means to acquaint themselves more perfectly with the Woods, and that even in the Land of those that have been our Enemies, and find out the Hants and lurking Places of those who have done us most hurt; that if ever they should be called forth, they may know where and how to find out our Enemies, and fight and conquer them even when they are at home. That they inure themselves to Travel, and learn to endure Hardness; learn to travel in the Woods and Swamps, in which there is a great Art; and to know the Hills, Mountains and Rivers; that they may not be any where at a loss; and also to make themselves perfect in the use of those Weapons which are most adapted to such Services.

We have seen something of the Advantages [Page] of this; and it is much to be wished, that we might not be dejected, nor let such a Spirit die among us for want of Countenance and Encouragement: And that altho' some such mighty and valiant Soldiers * have fallen gloriously fighting for us in the Fields of the Woods.

And would it not also be of great Service to us, if Troops, which have been such a Terror to these Enemies, and such a Safe-guard to us in former Days, might be encouraged? and that a proper Proportion of our Soldiers might by suitably Exercises be made expert and skilful in every part of the Art of managing of and fighting with the Horse? of which we have that Character given Job 39.19. and on.

The Advantage hereof might be unspeakable. If it were known among those Nations, that we are every way prepared with expert and valiant Troopers and other Soldiers, this might happily prevent much Bloodshed, and perhaps prevent there ever being another War. But if there should be nothing of this Nature, we may well fear that they who have seldom or never been at Peace with us, but because they feared our Forces, or to serve themselves of us, will (when they see us careless) again get Heart and Courage, and molest us.

[Page]And may we not think, that some of the Nations of the Indians have been (by God) left to prove us by, that we might know and to teach us War, as some of the Nations of Canaan were? Judges 3. begin. And ought we not to endeavour to answer God's just Expectations from us herein?

I would just say, Is it not to be wished, that our Frontiers might be settled in a more defensive Posture? and that our Forts and Garrisons might be always kept in due Repair? stored with good Arms and Ammunition, and manned with expert effective and valiant Commanders and Soldiers?

But after all, will it not be allowed in me, if I take this Opportunity unexpectedly put into my Hands by God, to say thus publickly, Is there not yet a more excellent Way? I mean to overcome and win over to us the Indian Tribes, by observing strict Justice in our Commerce with them, and by not allowing them large Quantities of spirituous Drink, which is so destructive to most of that People? and by using all possible Means and Methods to instruct them in and win them over to, the true and holy Protestant Religion?

From what I know of that People, I am fully perswaded that such Wisdom would be much better than Weapons of War with them, and more effectually subdue them under us.

And it may be well worthy Consideration and Enquiry, Whether we as a People, [Page] have done all that God expects of us in this respect? and whether God has not formerly suffered them to be Pricks in our Eyes, and Thorns in our Sides, to excite us to a greater Care and Concern for their precious and immortal Souls?

It is a lamentable Truth *, that the English do much to debauch them, and in a dreadful degree (by bad Counsel, and by giving and selling them inebriating Liquors, notwithstanding the Laws of God, and the good Laws of this Land against so sinful and destructive a Practice) prevent the Efficacy that it might be hoped the Gospel might otherwise have upon them, where they enjoy it. And should we not, as a People, do as much to save their [...]mmortal Souls, as particular Persons do to ruin and destroy them?

And will it not be pleasing to God, and profitable even to us, if there be some effectual Way found, to have proper and well qualified Missionaries sent among them? and that there be such Encouragement given by those who have the Management of this Affair put into their Hands by God, as would be effectual in some good measure, to excite such among the Sons of the Prophets in our Land, who are Men well qualified with natural Strength of Body, and accomplished with the Endowments of good Literature and proper Dispositions and [Page] Graces, to undertake a Service which will try the Powers and Graces of the greatest Men? Tho' this be a Digression, yet I hope my immediate Concern for some of that Nation, will be esteemed a sufficient Excuse for me*.

I proceed to say,

2dly. Is it not very desireable, and will it not be very honourable and profitable, that others be taught those Military Exercises, and the use of those Weapons that may be most suitable to encounter Regular Troops and disciplined Armies in the open Field?

Indeed 'tis proper that all Soldiers should be taught this; and particularly those that inhabit the Sea-Coasts, and are most exposed to the Invasion of any foreign Prince or Power. Such should be exercised and skilled in the Manner of fighting, and the use of those Instruments [Page] and that Armour which are most used among the warlike Nations round about. This is also of very great Importance, and 'tis pity it should ever be discountenanced, discouraged or come to nothing.

And I cannot be pleased with the Reasoning of such as argue, that because this honourable Artillery Company are not taught the Manner of fighting used by the Salvages in the Wilderness, so much as the more noble and manly Exercises of the more polished and civilized Nations; and because they are not called forth to fight in the Woods; that therefore they and their Exercises are to be slighted and discountenanced; and that 'tis too great an Honour done to them annually, to keep up the Solemnities of this Day.

Surely our honoured Fathers in the Civil Government and the Ministry did not think so: And if these Things were intirely laid aside, 'tis much to be feared that in time our Case would be like that of Laish before-mentioned. I can't think but these Things have and may have an happy Influence on the Military Affairs of the Province, as long as they have the Smiles and Countenance of our honourable Legislature, and of the venerable Ministry of the Province.

I may just add thirdly and lastly,

3dly. Is it not proper and desirable, that some among this People should be taught the Methods and the use of Instruments proper for Sea-Fight?

[Page]Valiant and expert Admirals and Sea-Captains are as honourable and useful as Officers in the Field; and gallant Soldiers on the Seas are Men highly to be esteemed.

The English Navy, and the unequalled Soldiers in the British Fleet, have been no small part of the Glory and Safety of the Realm for a long Time; and 'tis pity we should ever lose the Command of the Seas.

Would it not then be well, if our Sailors and those of our Brethren who are called to do Business on the mighty Waters, might be made expert Soldiers also?

Thus I have (as God has enabled me) considered this part of the holy Scriptures; and I think I have advanced nothing but what (without Force) flowed from it, in the Sense I have understood it, and what is agreable to the Analogy of Faith, and in some measure applicable to the Occasion of this Day.

The Application shall be in few Words.

And in general, Let what has been offered, serve to excite all the Lord's People to endeavour to revive a Martial Spirit among the Children of New-England; and do what they can to encourage the teaching and acquiring the Military Art, Skill and Valour.

This was the chief Design of our Text, and of this Elegy, (as all agree) even to stir up a warlike Spirit, Emulation and Valour, and quicken to teach and learn the Art of War among the Sons of Judah, as was before observed.

[Page]And my Design has been in this Discourse, to advance the Glory of God in promoting the same good End; and I shall think I have been Instrumental in doing good Service for God and this his People, if this imperfect Discourse may be blessed and made Serviceable to promote these Things.

And will every one be intreated and prevailed with to do what is proper in his Place, to promote Skill and Valour among our Soldiers?

And the noble Example of this valorous and renowned General and King, is with Submission, humbly proposed to Your EXCELLENCY.

And we trust that the honourable General Court will be intreated to join herein, if not by making new Laws, even such as might more effectually compel those that are not to be drawn by a sense of Honour and Duty to it, to endeavour to acquire Military Skill, by increasing the Fines on Delinquents.

Or if this be not thought proper, yet that there be some effectual Care taken, that the good Laws already provided may be duly executed; and not shamefully slighted, neglected or evaded by Officers or common Soldiers.

Again, will such of whom it is expected that they make a Presentation of the Names of those who may be set at the Head of particular Companies, (as Captains, &c.) be exhorted to take due Care therein, that they [Page] present such as are every way qualified and accomplished.

We would hope, that none will do any thing of that Importance for Favour or Partiality, much less for the sake of Gain: if they do, they must in a very great measure answer for the Defects of such Officers, and bear the Reproach of it.

For it is morally impossible for one Man personally to know the Character of every Man in such a Province as this is.

Further, Let all who have or may have the Honour to bear Commissions under the King in the Militia, be exhorted to honour your Posts, whether higher or lower, and faithfully perform the Duties of them: Endeavour to be expert, accomplished and most valiant Soldiers your selves.

And here I would propose, Would it not be of Advantage in order hereto, if more of the Officers of the Militia would be pleased to list into the ARTILLERY-COMPANY?

This Honourable Company was undoubtedly designed in its Original, to be a sort of COLLEGE, to train up and Educate the Sons of this People in Military Skill, and make them expert and valiant Soldiers *.

And many of the Commission-Officers, the

[Page]Colonels, Majors, Captains, &c. of the adjacent and some of distant Regiments and Companies formerly (as I am told) did belong to it; so that it was a Seminary of expert Commanders, and was of extensive Serviceableness; and 'tis pity it should not be so still. Will then the Officers be intreated to join themselves to it, and by this and other Means accomplish themselves more and more for the Offices they sustain, and the Services expected from them.

And then carefully and seasonably attend Military Exercises, Days of Training, and the proper Business thereof; observe the Laws of the Militia, and endeavour to teach those under you the Art of War: Maintain the Honour and Authority of your Posts, and suffer not your Selves and Offices to fall into Contempt. Be known in your Offices, at least in the Field.

And beware of every thing that may in the least blemish your Character as Men of Honour and as Christians. Once more, be perswaded to do what in you lies, by your Examples, Instructions and Authority, to keep your Soldiers from Intemperance and Disorders on the Days set apart for Military Exercises, and on the Evenings following.

And let the Ministers of Christ do what is proper for them in their Place to encourage these Things.

[Page]And let Parents and Masters also join herein; and let us not bring up our Children so tenderly and delicately, that they shall be unable to endure Hardness on any Occasion.

Finally, let all Soldiers be excited hence, duly, seriously and conscientiously to attend Trainings, and all the Exercises in order to become good Soldiers: Don't slight nor shun them, nor attend them only for Diversion, but make a Business of them in their Season; and endeavour to make your selves Masters of the Art of War. And O keep your selves from Effeminacy and Intemperance, which has been the ruin of so many Soldiers.

All that now remains, is a more particular Application of these Things to the very ancient and honourable Company who have called me to speak to them in the Name of the LORD this Day.

Honoured and much Esteemed,

What has been now said, has a singular Reference, and may (I think) with great Propriety be applied to You.

Your Profession as Soldiers is truly Honourable, and much to be esteemed; and also to be encouraged by all God's People in their several Stations and Relations: and your Exercises and Endeavours to make your selves accomplished Soldiers are laudable, and to be smiled upon, countenanced and encouraged.

[Page]And as this Company was many Years since erected, and very much honoured by the Magistrates of that Day, and favoured and countenanced by the Ministry; so it may be still, if it be not in some measure owing to your selves.

The Honourable General Court put great Honour upon this Company in the beginning *, and since; and they have lately put singular Marks of Respect on you; nor are the Ambassadors of Christ wanting in showing you all that Regard that is proper for Men of our Character.

GOD himself has also honoured your Profession, not only in the great Regards shown to expert and valiant Soldiers in the Sacred Oracles, but by taking to himself the Name of a Man of War, the Lord of Hosts, the God of Armies, the Lord mighty in Battle, and the like.

And hence it may be said to you, undoubtedly God and Man expect something singular and extraordinary in and from you: You are to be skilful, expert and valiant Soldiers: 'tis expected that you be expert in the use of the Bow, or all Martial Weapons; that you labour to revive these Exercises, and the Art of War; and if a warlike Spirit decays every where else, we would hope to find it in the Artillery.

[Page]We lament every thing in this Company, that looks like a drawing back from that Martial Spirit Skill and Valour that was once your Glory.

And 'tis much to be wished, that more of the Commission-Officers of the Regiments and Companies in the Country did belong to your Company, that they might be well (and they can't be too well) qualified and accomplished for the Posts they sustain, and the Service they are called to.

And is not a Military Spirit, and a Love and Regard to the warlike Exercises and Art very much decay'd even in this Company? Are not your Days of Training very much disregarded, and thinly attended? have you not very many Delinquents?

And have all that do attend, a due regard to promote Expertness in the Military Art in themselves and others?

Sirs, Consider, you are Voluntiers herein, and you have Power by your Charter in some measure to regulate these Things.

You will then (I trust) suffer me to say, Will it not be for the Honour of GOD, and of your Company, and help to revive and promote Military Skill, which is the professed Design of this Honourable Company, for you to take care that you admit not any to the Honours and Privileges of your Company, but such as appear truly desirous to learn War, [Page] and are effective Men, Men of known Loyalty, Vertue and Temperance?

And when you choose your Officers, that you elect those that are Men of a Marshal and valiant Spirit, such as you will willingly fight under if called to it; Men that are able to teach you the Art of War, and will do it; and such as you may think can and will march before you, and lead you into the Field of Battle, and fight at the Head of your Company, and teach you Courage, and inspire you with Valour by their own Example?

And such as may be chosen, are to labour to be well qualified for what is justly expected from them in such Posts and Stations.

Further, as Endeavours to gain Dexterity and Expertness in the Art of War are truly laudable, so you are all to be exhorted, with Diligence to attend every Opportunity put into your Hands for the Advancement thereof.

'Tis really dishonourable for any of this Company to be Delinquents, when it may be helped.

You may make Laws in a great measure for governing your selves; and 'tis in your Power to augment the Fines: and might it not be well to do it, if you shall find that a sense of Honour and a love to these Exercises, and a desire of the Glory of being expert and [Page] brave Soldiers, prove Motives too weak to fill up your Ranks and Files?

You are also in the Name of GOD to be exhorted, to pursue these Things for right Ends; even for the Glory of GOD, and that you may be better qualified and accomplished (if called thereto) to fight the Battles of the LORD, and play the Men for the Lives, Liberties, Religion, and the Cities of God. You ought to have this in your View, to qualify your selves for actual Service.

And you ought to consider, whether you can answer it, if you have no higher Views than to beat the Air with your Weapons, and to make your Days of Exercise, Days of Sport and Diversion; since the Divine Aids are so solemnly implored for you, and the Divine Blessing upon you, (at your desire at least) once a Year; and you come into the House of God, that you and these Exercises may be sanctified by the Word and Prayer.

Lastly, and above all,

List under the Banner of the glorious Captain of your Salvation: study your Spiritual Warfare: prove your Spiritual Armour: put on the whole Armour of God; and be expert in the Use of every Weapon therein; and your Weapons in this are not Carnal but Spiritual, and mighty thro' God, for the pulling down of strong holds. Again, study your Enemies, and be not ignorant of their Devices. [Page] Learn how to meet and how to vanquish them. And be of good Courage herein; play the Man for your precious Souls; never give Ground, nor cowardly quit the Field: be always on your Guard, and compleatly armed: Face to your glorious Leader, looking to JESUS, who always rides forth in his Royalty at the Head of his Armies, with his Banners displayed, and he will give them the Victory.

Your Calling should mind you of this Warfare, and it may greatly serve you in it: And to be an expert and valiant Soldier in other Wars, and unskil'd and cowardly in this, is inexcusable.

And here tho' you fight against Principalities and Powers, and tho' all the Forces and gloomy Regiments of the Prince of the power of the Air are set in Battle array against you, yet be not dismayed, but trust in your Captain; who has spoiled Principalities and Powers, and made a shew of them openly. And if you study and become Masters of the Art of this War, and do not shamefully fly your Colours, nor desert the Service of your Captain, but prove your selves expert, valiant and loyal Soldiers; and if you hold out to the End, you shall be more than Conquerors thro' Christ who has loved you.

And this part of the Exhortation belongs to all.

[Page]Every one, Male and Female, must list Voluntiers in this War; and we must herein fight; fight manfully, or die eternally. Let every one then so manage this Spiritual Warfare now, wherein you must fight, not as one that beats the Air, but very couragiously, and be always in actual Service, and take the Kingdom of Heaven by a holy Violence; that you may, when encountring Death, the King of Terrors, the last Enemy, be able to say joyfully and triumphantly, with him 1 Tim. 4.7, 8. I have fought a good Fight, I have finished my Course, I have kept the Faith; henceforth there is laid up for me a Crown of Righteousness, which the LORD the righteous Judge shall give me at that Day.

Laus Deo. Amen.

FINIS.

Notes

*

1 Sam. 31 4.5. & 11. v. of the Context.

↵

†

Rev. Mr. Symmes, in his Level lamented.

↵

*

1 Sam 16.11. & 2 Sam. 7.8.

↵

†

1 Sam. 17 chap.

↵

‖

1 Sam. 18.22.

↵

†{inverted †}

1 Sam. 30 chap.

↵

*

vid. Poli Synop. in loc.

↵

*

Isa. 2.4. Mica. 4.3. § 110 Psal.

↵

†

Heb. 2.10.

↵

‖

Eph. 6 11.

↵

†{inverted †}

2 Tim. 2, 3.

↵

*

Mr. Symmes.

↵

*

Psal. 44.6.

↵

*

Exod. 15.3. Psal. 24.

↵

*

'Tis with singular Satisfaction to me, that His EXCELLENCY has in his great Wisdom and Paternal Concern and Care for the lasting Peace and Prosperity of this Province, recommended the same Thing that I have here humbly offered, to the Honourable General Assembly, as I find in his Speech to the Honourable Court, on the 1st of June 1732. which I was not so happy as to see, till after the delivery of this Discourse, it being printed the same Day.

↵

*

viz. The expert and valiant Capt. Lovewell, Robbins, Frye, Harwood, Fullam, and several others.

↵

*

I say this, because I know it by unhappy Experience.

↵

*

Here again I cannot forbear (with the greatest Gratitude to God) to express my very great Joy, to find in His EXCELLENCY's late Speech before-mentioned, a Paragraph, wherein the Encouragement and Support of Missionaries among the Eastern Indians is recommended to the Honourable General Court. 'Tis with Admiration and Praise to God, that I read and hear what pious and generous Persons have done and are doing in England and Scotland, for the Advancement of pure Religion among the Indians here: And I cannot but ardently wish and pray, that this Province may join (agreable to the pious Proposal of his Excellency) and do all that is proper for the Advancement of that glorious Design, wherein the Honour of God and our own Felicity is so much concerned.

↵

*

See the Charter of this honourable Company, dated April 24. 1638. Thus careful were our Fathers to promote every thing that might be for the future Peace and Happiness of their Posterity.

↵

*

In the Privileges granted to it, and some Lands given to defray the Charges.

↵

§

§

[Page]

[Page]

Mr. Peabody's SERMON Preached to the Artillery-Company, In Boston, June 5. 1732.

§

§

[Page]

An Essay to revive and encourage Military Exercises, Skill and Valour among the Sons of God's People in New-England. A SERMON Preached before the Honourable Artillery-Company In Boston, June 5th. 1732. Being the Day of their Election of Officers; And now made Publick at their Request, and at the Desire of many Others.

By Oliver Peabody, A. M. Pastor of the Church in Natick.

Gen. 14.14.

And when Abraham heard that his Brother was taken Captive, he armed his trained SOLDIERS, born in his own House, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan

Cant. 3 7, 8.

Behold his Bed, which is Solomons, threescore valiant Men are about it, of the valiant of Israel. They all hold Swords, being expert in War, every Man hath his Sword upon his Thigh, because of Fear in the Night.

BOSTON: Printed by T. Fleet, for J Eliot at the South End, and J. Phillips near the Town Dock. 1732.

Information about this book

Title statement

An essay to revive and encourage military exercises, skill and valour among the sons of God's people in New-England. A sermon preached before the Honourable Artillery-Company in Boston, June 5th. 1732. Being the day of their election of officers; : and now made publick at their request, and at the desire of many others. / By Oliver Peabody, A.M. Pastor of the church in Natick. ; [Nine lines of Scripture texts]

Peabody, Oliver, 1698-1752.

Publication

Publisher

Text Creation Partnership,

Place of publication

Ann Arbor, MI :

Date

2008-09.

ID [DLPS]

N02994

ID [TCP]

N02994

ID [STC]

Evans 3589

ID [NOTIS]

APY4879

ID [IMAGE-SET]

3589

ID [EVANS-CITATION]

99032034

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Early American Imprints, 1639-1800 ; no. 3589.

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(Evans-TCP ; no. N02994)

Transcribed from: (Readex Archive of Americana ; Early American Imprints, series I ; image set 3589)

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— An essay to revive and encourage military exercises, skill and valour among the sons of God's people in New-England. A sermon preached before the Honourable Artillery-Company in Boston, June 5th. 1732. Being the day of their election of officers; : and now made publick at their request, and at the desire of many others. / By Oliver Peabody, A.M. Pastor of the church in Natick. ; [Nine lines of Scripture texts], Peabody, Oliver, 1698-1752., Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts..

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45, [1] p. ; 21 cm. (8vo)

Printed by T. Fleet, for J. Eliot at the South End, and J. Phillips near the town dock.,. Boston: :: 1732.. (Half-title: Mr. Peabody's sermon preached to the Artillery-Company, in Boston, June 5. 1732.)

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