The Introduction in defence of the Author.IF ever any Perſon upon the Face of the Univerſe, that Dedicated his whole Life to the doing good, and rendring himſelf Beneficial to Mankind, has reaſon to complain of the Ill and Barbarous uſage he has encountred, from Men of his own Profeſſion, and others of a Superior Station, that pretend Authority to Licenſe or Suppreſs, all Practioners in the Noble and Uſeful Arts of Pharmacy, and Adminiſtring Phyſick, I am the Man; for ever ſince I took my leave of the Old and Uſeleſs way of giving Phyſick, as too many others do, Blindfold, by Traditional Preſcriptions, and made it my whole Study and Buſineſs to keep up an entire Correſpondence and Agreement between Art and Nature, Theory and Practice; and made exact and particular Obſervations in the difference of Diſeaſes, the variety of Symptoms, caſual Accidents, and the diverſity of Conſtitutions in Humane Bodies; and have followed the dictates of a well-grounded Experience, in finding out the Eſſence of Diſeaſes, and the Efficacy of Proper Medicines to Cure them. The whole Tribe of common Practioners, and ſome graduated Profeſſors of Phyſick, that live lazing upon the little Knowledge that comes by Tradition, and by ſtuffing their Bills, and Patients with Nauſeous Repetitions, of unexperienc'd and conſequently ineffectual Medicines; have both unſufferably calumniated, traduced and ſlander'd me, with many ridiculous Stories and unjuſt Cenſures, as well as loaded me with ſuch hard and reproachful Names, as none but the bountiful beſtowers of them can deſerve; ſo that I am forc'd, to prevent others from being prejudiced by falſe Reports and malicious Inſinuations, to take this way of vindicating my Reputation, againſt the Inſults of Envious Men, who are as utter Strangers to my Perſon and Abilities, as themſelves are from the common Principles of Modeſty, Civility and good Manners.

I could with great facility recriminate upon my Enemies, but I never thought a Billings-Gate Dialect any Ornament, or an advantageous Character to a Sober Chriftian, which is ſeldom uſed, but by a buiſy ſort of Tatling Animals, who are out of Humour with every Body, becauſe their own ill nature will not ſuffer 'em to be pleas'd with themſelves. Let Maevius and Bavius then admire one another, and rail at all the World beſides; I ſhall for the future be unconcern'd at thoſe who are as full of unjuſt Reproaches, as they are void of good Breeding. I wiſh to be hated by ſelf-intereſted Slanderers and their Abettors, for the ſame reaſon for which I deſire to be belov'd by all Ingenious, well meaning honeſt Men, under all Denominations; as for the reſt, I ſhall ſay with the Poet

However, ſince I know not how far their Hatred, inveterate and implacable Malice may extend to my prejudice, among thoſe that know not my veritable Character, I ſhall here employ a few Lines to anſwer all the Objections they have raiſed, and induſtriouſly ſcatter'd to blaſt my Reputation in the Practice of Phyſick, which I have followed with great Succeſs for many Years, and which the worſt of my Enemies cannot deny, without aſſurance enough to affirm, that the Sun is not riſen, when to their ſhame, it ſhines in their Faces from its Illuſtrious Meridian.

Objections againſt the Author.The firſt Quarter in which my profeſſed Enemies attack me, is, That I am but an Apothecary: 'Tis true, I lay claim to no greater Title, and yet cannot forbear ſaying, That that Objection is Ridiculous; ſince being an Apothecary, well versd in Pharmacy, in the Knowledge of Drugs, and the Compoſition of Medicines, is, the moſt certain and regular ſtep towards the making of a good Phyſician: As has been proved by many Examples in London and other Places, where Men that ſervd their Times to Apothecaries, and kept Shop many Years, have afterwards took their Degree of Doctor in one of our own Univerſities, and practiſed with as great Applauſe, and it may be with more Succeſs, than the reſt of their only Graduated Brethren. Nor is this method unobſerved in other Learned Employments; for many Wiſe Men ſay, That the way to make an able Counſellor, is, Firſt to educate him as a Clerk to an Attorney. Having thus blown off this ignorant and contemptible Objection, I proceed to the Second; which is, That I never had, an Ʋniverſity Education, but am a mere Ignoramus, as they are pleas'd to Phraſe it; But how will they prove their latter Allegation? Did they ever Examine into my Learning and Ability? Do they know my Incapacity to perform what I undertake? If they did, without doubt I ſhould long ſince have heard of it in louder Terms, than by Private Whiſpers, Malicious Inſinuations and Secret Calumnies and Aſperſions; but ſuch is their Hatred, that what they dare not aver to my Face, or attempt to prove by Argument, they liberally ſupply by falſe Reports, and forged Clandeſtine Stories of my Inſufficiency, againſt a Thouſand credible Certificates and Reputable Teſtimonies to the contrary; and theſe I think ſufficient to ſtop the Mouths of Detraction and Envy, in the Opinion of all good People; and for others, that are miſlead by my Numerous Adverſaries into uncharitable Cenſures of me; let them but conſider, that my Enemies treat me on the ſcore of Demetrius, for my ſafe and ſhort way of Practice, and a great number of Patients diminiſhing their Profit, they will not wonder that I am condemn'd in an Arbitrary Court, where Malice is the Proſecuter, Intereſt ſits as Judge, and ſordid Ignorance is Fore-Man of the Jury. I confeſs, I have not had the Advantage of an Academick Education, but am a ſincere lover of Learning, and deſirous of Knowledge, and tho' I cannot boaſt of poſſeſſing much, yet I can aſtute all Cenſorious Pedants, that by converſing with Learned Men, and a well choſen Library, I take as much pains to encreaſe my Knowledge, as ſome of them do by inſignificant Diverſions, and notorious Debaucheries, to loſe what they gain'd, if ever they gain'd any thing but Words at the Ʋniverſity. Beſides, this cavil is wholly Impertinent, ſince its well known, beyond a poſſibility of Contradiction, that I am Maſter of good Specificks, and eſtabliſh'd experimented Medicines, of my own Preparing, which Prescribing? Phyſicians cannot pretend to, tho' of the greateſt Conſequence to Mankind, and whoſe efficacious Vertues I am ſure of, and can rely upon, in the moſt difficult plunging Caſes in reſpect of Safety, and generally with Succeſs; and all this confirmed by numerous Teſtimonies of Cured Patients, which I am of Opinion, is all that ought t • be required of a good Phyſician; and yet for want of the empty Title of Doctor, and a Coach and Equipage, I muſt, it ſeems, be called Quack and Emperick, by choſe Doni of the Profeſſion, who have not much more Skill in the true Practice of Phyſick, which I take to be the Cure of Diſeaſes, than what they collect from the old exploded Methodus Medendi, which when the World grows Wiſer, will vaniſh into its original nothing, and give place to ſolid, certain and veritable Experience in the Cure of Diſeaſes.

And that I may contribute to this great End, of advancing uſeful Knowledge in Phyſick, and that my Enemies may not think I am reduced to a perpetual ſilence in my own juſt Defence, by their vain Threatnings and injurious Miſrepreſentations of my Perſon and Capacity for the Practice of Phyſick, I have taken up a reſolution to Print ſeveral Diſcourſes upon thoſe Diſeaſes, that God has bleſs'd me with the Knowledge of, and given me wonderful ſucceſs in their Cures, that have frequently baffled the Endeavours of many Eminent Profeſſors: And ſhall begin with a Treatiſe upon the CHOLICK.

Now in diſcourſing this Subject, to avoid all unneceſſary and over Nice and Curious Diſtinction, and Definitions, that rather puzzle Men's Intellects, than benefit their Understandings, I ſhall under the general Name, vulgarly called Cholick, treat of it as an Accidental and Particular Diſtemper, ariſing from an evident Cauſe alone, and without a previous diſpoſition in any Perſon indifferently; for ſo, alterations in the Sex No • naturalia often raiſe great commotions in the Viſcera of the Belly with extremity of Pain: After that, I ſhall conſider this Diſeaſe in its Procartick or pre-exiſtent Cauſe, as co-operating with others that are ſubſequent, which will neceſſarily lead me to particular Diſcourſes upon the various kinds, and the ſeveral Species of this Diſtemper under the denominations of the Cholick in the Stomach; the Hyſterick Cholick, the Scorbutick Cholick; the Iliack Paſſion, the Caeliack Cholick, a Diarrhea, a Lientary, a Dyſentry, &c. All which Diſtempers I ſhall treat particularly, and to avoid Confuſion and over burthening the Memory, under every Head I ſhall ſhew the Origine Seminium or Minera of each Diſeaſe; what part of the Body is primarily affected; then proceed to the Symptoms and Method of Cure, and conclude with ſome Obſervations and Examples, wherein my own Medicines have been wonderfully ſucceſsful; which I always keep ready prepared by me, to diſpoſe of, to all that think fit to come or ſend for them.

The Eſſence or Nature of the Cholick.The Cholick called in Greek 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , in Latin Collica Paſſio, becauſe by ſome Phyſitians, 'tis ſuppoſed, tho' falſly, to have its ſeat wholly in ſome part or other of the Second of the great Guts, called Colon; is a Vellication or ſevere Griping, Twitching, Gnawing Pain in certain Parts of the Abdomen, which commonly produce Vomitings, Cramps and Contractions, almoſt of all the Viſcera of the Belly: Sometimes the Navel and its Neighbouring Parts are drawn inward, accompanied with Pains as if they were boared with a Gimlet: Sometimes they ſwell, being blown up with the exceſs of Wind: The Inteſtines by an inverted Motion of the Fibres are often drawn upwards, inſomuch that the Belly being extreamly bound, diſcharges little or nothing at all; nay, tho' it be frequently provoked to do it by Glyſters and Suppoſitories, yet it does not eaſily throw out its Contents.

That the Stomach is likewiſe convulſed with the Duodenum and Gall Bladder, manifeſtly appears from the plentiful vomiting of Yellow or Green Choler. Sometimes the Ʋreters and the Bladder which contains the Urine, are ſo contracted, that during the whole Fit, the Urine is either ſtopt, or voided more ſparingly: Beſides, the Head is grieved with Vertiginous effects, either preceding or following the invaſion of this Diſeaſe, and if the Cholick encreaſes and becomes Inveterate, it often cauſes Pain in the outward Members and terminates in a Palſey.

Its direful Effects.Nay, the Sick commonly endures all kinds of Pains; one while burning with intolerable Heat, another time chill'd with extream Cold; ſometimes it ſeems to be fix'd and as it were piercing the Loins, or • ther whiles pricking with wandring repeated Thruſts; anon diſtending or beating the Loins, or only preſſing them with the ſenſe of weight, or burning, corroding, rending Pain; or is troubled either with a continual or interrupted Pulſation, and afterward returning again, or wonderfully writhing and contorting any other way, ſcarce to be expreſſed by the Patient, or explain'd by the Phyſician.

Now tho' all the differences occurring in this Diſtemper with its Original are very difficult to be aſſign'd, numbred, or reduced into a certain Order, and much more to make an exact Examination of all the Symptoms and Cauſes, and thence to give a ſollid judgment of every one; yet I ſhall attempt it, by exhibiting them from the beſt Authorities, and leave the choice to your own Election, as they are moſt agreeable to your Reaſon and Experience, which is the Miſtreſs both of the Learned and Unskilful.

The Origin of the Cholick.Some are of Opinion that the Origine of this Diſeaſe, proceeds from the efferveſcency of vicious Blood; others from an Obſtruction of the Capillary Veins of the Stomach and Guts, by which the Blood is forced to ſtand ſtill in the Veſſels, till at length after a great Diſtention the Veſſels burſt and the Blood is effuſſed, which breeds a ſenſible Inflamation and violent Pulſation about the Part affected. Others ſay it ariſes from an over viſcous Phlegm mix'd with Choler, offenſive both in its Saltiſh Acrimony and Volatile Oilineſs, by which the Viſcous Phlegm is rarified into Wind, and if the Excrements are contain'd beyond their due time, they harden and ſtick to the Gut, by which the natural Ferment is viciated, and the Windy Guſts are more rarified, and being ſhut up in the Cavity of the Gut Colon it cauſes a violent diſtenſion and contraction of it.

Some again impute it the diſorders and Convulſions of the Nerves running from the Meſenterick Plexus, which vicious humours as aforeſaid, lodg'd in the Inteſtines, and thoſe by a Forreign irritation of their Nerves, equally attended by the ſucceſſive returns of Cold, and Heat, cauſe tearing, wringing and c •••••• cting Pains.

Others aſcribe •• s Original to the abounding Acidity and Acrimony of the Pancreatick juice, occaſion'd by over ſharp Food; eating raw Fruits, by Summer Air too Hot, by Winter Air too Cold, or at leaſt too Sharp; by Fear, Sorrow, extream Grief or Solicitude of Mind; by continued Watchings which conſume the Animal Spirits, and by conſequence encreaſing the Acrimony of any Humours, produce Hypocondriack ſuffocations, and alſo Pains, ſeverely racking and contorting the Guts. Now the Reaſons why I cannot agree with many Phyſicians, that Cholick Pains proceed from the ſharp and irritative contents of the Colon, is, becauſe thoſe Medicines which looſen the Belly, and copiousſly expel Featus's and the Faeces, would undoubtedly give moſt certain Relief, the contrary of which too often happens, viz. That after frequent or violent Purging, that Diſeaſe becomes worſe. Nor can I agree with the Notion, that Cholick Pains proceed only from the Pancreatick juice mix'd with Choler, becauſe it's impoſſible, according to Sylvius de la Boe that the Juice of the Pancreas in any manner or degree ſowre, ſhould mix with Choler, abounding with a bitter and volatile Salt. Therefore,

I firmly adhere to the Opinion of the Learned Dr. Willis, who with great reaſon, places the Origine of this Diſeaſe among the effects of the Brain and the Genus Nervoſum, alledging, that certain Recrements of the Nervous Humour, falling from the Brain by the Nerves, and paſſing thence into the Meſentry and other Foldings of the Abdomen, are there amaſs'd and heaped together, which if they are ſo groſs, thick and viſcous, that they cannot be received and ſent away by the Lymphaducts, or diſtill'd out into the Cavities of the Inteſtines, by the ſmall Branches of the Veſſels, then Stagnating and being heaped together by degrees into thoſe Parts, they ariſe at length to an irritative plenitude: And afterward that Matter becoming more degenerate, and more offenſive by Stagnation, and growing turged on ſome occaſion; or of its own accord or elſe fermenting with the Salino-fix'd Humour, ſent thither from the Blood, will torture the Patient with very troubleſome and painful Corrugations in the Branches of the Nerves and Nervous Fibres, with which the Meſentery is innumerably furniſh'd: Which effects of them, do ſeldom or never ceaſe till the fermenting Matter is either diſcuſs'd, or expreſs'd into the Cavities of the Inteſtines, or at length by Care and the Application of proper Medicines, they are utterly ſubdued.

Having thus briefly ſhew'd you the Nature of the Cholick in the direful effects it produces, together with its Origination, I ſhall, according to promiſe, proceed to the Place that is primarily affected in Human Bodies.

The ſeat of the Cholick Senertus and Riverius, place it in the upper Orifice of the Stomach, which is of exquiſite Senſe, by reaſon of the intermixture of Nerves, with which it is ſtored from the vaga ſexta, from whence Branches being communicated to the Heart that noble Part is alſo affected by Conſent, and diſperſes the Pain into almoſt every part Internal and external.

Dr. Blankard, Profeſſor of Phyſick, at Middleburgh, in Zealand, ſays, The Cholick is a vehement Pain, proceeding from an ill diſpoſition of the Animal Spirits, ſeated in the Abdomen, but begins in the Nervous Plexus's or Foldings of the Meſentery, and is by ſome Men falſly imputed to have its reſidence in the Gut Colon.

Michael Etmuller, late Profeſſor of Phyſick in the Univerſity of Leiptſick, ſays, Cholick Pains and Gripings in the great Guts, are chiefly felt in the Colon, eſpecially in that part of it towards the circumference of the Belly, upon the Left-ſide, where 'tis ſtraitned and incurvated, and conſequently more liable to the blaſt and ſhocks of Wind, and more apt to ſtop the Circulation of the Excrements, and cauſe their Swelling up into a hard or ſoft Tumor. This Pain and Tumor is frequently imputed to the Spleen, but erroneouſly; for the Colon, ſays he, is its uſual and proper Seat; and ſometimes it veers about to the Right-ſide of the Belly, upon the outermoſt Circumference, where the ſame Colon purſues its Courſe.

Sometimes theſe Pains reach only the Small Guts, and then their Station is about the Navel and Centre of the Belly, and are much more violent than thoſe in the Great Guts; if they range not beyond the Duodenum, or the beginning of the Jejunum, they are felt in the Loins, and are often miſtaken for Nephritick Pains, or thoſe cauſed by the Convulſion of the Meſenterick Nerves, or Tumors, or Ulcers in the Pancreas. I dare not ſay any of theſe Opinions are Heterodox, becauſe ſometime or other Pains do poſſeſs all the Parts above mention'd.

However, for very good Reaſons grounded upon many Experiments in Anatomy, I adhere chiefly to Doctor Willis, who ſays, The Part in Human Bodies primarily affected in the Cholick, is the Meſentery, and its Nervous Foldings under the Navel, which cauſes cruel Pain, as if a Stake was ſtuck there, or a Piercer were making a Hole: Beſides, round about, almoſt in the whole Abdomen, by reaſon of the Inteſtines being variouſly drawn forward and backward, at the ſame time in different Places, wandring Pains ſhoot this way and that way; and the motion of the Fibres being diſcompoſed or inverted, as well in thoſe Parts as in the primary Veſſels, the Belly is in a manner always bound, and there follows ſometimes a ſupperſſion of Urine, or very little is made. Beſides, the Duodenum the Gall Bladder with its Channels and the bottom of the Stomach being affected with a Cramp, and their Fibres being drawn upward, a frequent Vomiting with a copious caſting up Matter of Yellow or Greeniſh colour often happens during the Fit.

In a Fit of the Cholick, alſo beſides Pains of the Belly, there are likewiſe violent Pains of the Loins, raging in the 1ower parts of the Back, which certainly cannot proceed from the irritation of any Inteſtine; but its eaſy to conceive they may ariſe from a Morbific Cauſe lodg'd in the Meſentery: For inaſmuch as ſeveral conſiderable Nerves of the Loins enter into the great Nervous folding of the Meſentery; ſo from hence, not only painful Convulſions are conveyed by conſent from one Part to another; but its alſo probable, that certain Recrements of the Back likewiſe, and of the Loins, are derived into the Meſentery by this Paſſage, and that in ſome ſort, for this reaſon, Scorbutical Perſons are ſo very obnoxious to Gripes of the Belly, and Looſeneſs that attends it, which confirms me in the Opinion that the Nervous Flexus of the Meſentery, is the firſt Part affected with the Cholick, and that its ſeat is not in the Cavities or T • nicles of the Inteſtines, nor the Morbifick Matter conveyed by the Arteries, but by Nerves.

Diagnoſtick Symptoms. Diagnoſtick Signs of the Cholick, are, very ſharp Pains, ſometimes moveable and other whiles fix'd to a certain place; ſometimes the Pain is in the region of the Stomach or in the Reins, ſometimes above and ſometimes below the Navel, ſo that by the compariſon of other Signs, you muſt diſtinguiſh between the Cholick and Pains of the Stone or Spleen, which are frequently miſtaken one for the other, even by Phyſicians themſelves.

Prognoſtick Symptoms of the Cholick. Prognoſticks of the Cholick, are vulgarly enough known, that is to ſay, an Accidental Cholick riſing from an evident cauſe alone, is commonly ſafe, and admits of an eaſy Cure; but an habitual one, is not eradicated but with great Difficulty, as to its diſpoſition, ſo that the Fits may return no more; for ſometimes the Fits themſelves, notwithſtanding the Application of Medicines, are very obſtinate and continue many Days, nay, Weeks and Months, and ſometimes are never cured but by Death. Thus much for ſigns; But ſince I have branch'd out this Diſeaſe into ſeveral Parts, I ſhall take leave, once for all, to ſhew, how you may diſtinguiſh one Diſeaſe from another by the Urine.

Signs by the Urine.If the Urine is Watery, 'tis a Nephritick Cholick, if highly tinctur'd towards the middle, and colour'd on the Surface, and the Anus is obſtinately bound; 'tis a Scorbutick Cholick; if Reſpiration is difficult and the Breaſt afflicted, 'tis a Hyſterick Cholick; if the Convulſion of the Inteſtines is accompanied with Pain extending to the Pubes and Haunch-Bone, the Womb is diſorder'd; if the Urine is clear and of a reddiſh Yellow, 'tis a Cholerick Cholick, if the Pain is tearing and the Urine Milky and Pale, impregnated with a large Sediment, the Meſenterick Nerves are affected.

Cauſes of the common Cholick.The Antecedent Cauſes of the Common Cholick, which I only treat of under this Head, are, the Diſorder and Convulſions of the Nerves running from the great Meſenterick Plexus, which cauſe tearing, wringing and contracting Pains: Sometimes occaſion'd by Nephritick Pains and Child-Birth, when the Meſenterick folding, being irritated, by its concourſe with the Nerves of the Kidneys and the Womb, Antecedent Cau-Cauſes. pulls and contracts both the Stomach and Guts which it ſupplies with Nerves. At other times they are retainers to ſome fix'd, permanent, habitual Cauſe, which tho' it lye hid for ſome time, has always an Aſcendant in the Body. Theſe are either Hypochondriack, Hyſterick or Scorbutick, as I ſhall further ſhew, when I treat particularly of thoſe Diſeaſes a part, and are owing to the Convulſion of the Meſenterick Plexus, to which the Inteſtines are annex'd, being gall'd with a peccant Acid.

Procatartick Cauſes.The Procatartick, or Pre-exiſtent Cauſe of this Diſeaſe which co-operates with others that are ſubſequent, are two fold; Firſt, That many Recrements or ſuperfluous things are heaped together in the Nervous Liquor; and Secondly, That they being admitted chiefly into the Nerves of the Viſcera of the Belly, and ſo conveyed into the Meſentery, there create the Morbid Minera's of this Diſtemper; for the former of theſe generally happening by the Diſtemper of the Brain, by admitting Heterogeneous Particles with the Nervous Juice into its cuſtody, the whole Animal Oeconomy is ſo diſturb'd, that it cannot evacuate the common ſuperfluities by its ordinary Conveyance; and this cauſes the incongruous Matter that cannot be ſent from the Brain, to force its paſſage into the Nerves of the Par vagum, which are open and ready to receive it. Secondly, That this ſuperfluous Matter running in this manner into the Par vagum of the Nerves, is depoſed in the Meſentery, or other foldings within the Abdomen, and neceſſarily makes the Morbid ſeat in the Meſentery.

Evident Cauſes.The evident Cauſes of the Cholick are alſo of two ſorts; Firſt, Such as being injurious to the Brain and Genus Nervoſum, cauſe the Morbifick Matter to ſuper abound: Or, Secondly by agitating the Blood and Humors, ſtir up the conglobated Maſs to Pain, cauſing more fervent and ſudden efferveſcencies. And here ſome will imagine I ſhould proceed to diſcourſe the many and diverſified occaſions, by which the Pains of the Cholick are caus'd in Perſons pre-diſpoſed to them; but that would be nauſeating the Reader with Cramben biſcoctum, having ſufficiently done it already, in the Paragraph ent • tuled the direful effects of the Cholick, Page the 14th.

Cure of the Ch • lick.And now according to the Method I have preſcribed to my ſelf, I am brought to treat of what ought to be the Main and Principal deſign of every Practitioner in Phyſick in all Diſeaſes, viz. The Cure of the Diſeaſe. To compaſs which great end, Three primary Indications are ſuggeſted. Firſt, To appeaſe the Pains in the Fit. Secondly, To take away the Cauſe of the Diſeaſe that the Fits may no more, or not ſo frequently return. Thirdly, To re-invigorate the Patient's Strength, and fortify his Conſtitution, in order to the Comfortable enjoyment of Life.

To appeaſe the torturing Pains in the Paroxiſm, Lenifying and Emollient Glyſters only, ought to be frequently injected into the Body, that the Corrugations of the Fibres may be mitigated, and the raging of the Spirits appeaſed. To this end, Warm Milk with Sugar, or rather Moloſſus, or Syrup of Violets: Alſo Emollient Decoctions of March-Mallows, Herb Mercury, and the Flowers of Melilot with Oil of Almonds; alſo a ſtrong Decoction of a Sheep's-Head with the Wool on it, or Calves-Feet, are proper to be uſed: Sometimes a Glyſter of mear Oil of Olives or of Linſeeds, have given Eaſe, when others have failed. But if this ſort of Glyſters are ineffectual and do not come away, or anſwer their end ſtronger muſt be uſed, to force the Humours from the little Mouths of the Arteries. For this purpoſe • et Carminative or bitter Decoctions be prep • red, in which diſſolve Electuary Diaphoenic •• , Diacatholicon, or e Baccis Lauri, or Species Hierae, to which Liquors its cuſtomary to add, Two or Three Ounces of the infuſion of Crocus Mettalorum: Or to a Pound of an Emollient Decoction, add of Venice Turpentine diſſolv'd with the Yolk of an Egg, one Ounce; or take the Ʋrine of a Healthy Man, Venice Turpentine diſſolv'd, one Ounce and half, and with one Ounce of Moloſſus mix'd with the reſt, make a Glyſter. The Balſamick Particles of the Turpentine diffuſed every where, are deſign'd to remove the Morbifick or Stagnating Matter, or encline that which is Acetous, or otherwiſe degenerate, to a better Temperament.

If the Inteſtines are much contracted by vicious Matter lodg'd within them, Purgations ought to be prohibited, for fear they promo • e the Contraction, and lock up the Excrements cloſer. If this Caſe happens in your Practice, Whey, or an Ounce of the Oil of Almonds, with Canary Wind and Sperma Caeti, are more effectual than the ſtrongeſt Catharticks, If the Cholick is attended with a Tenacious viſcid Humour, and a heavy boring Pain, Purgatives mix'd with attenuating Specificks are allowable; tho' I have obſerv'd, 'tis better to do ſo after the Fit has made ſome progreſs, and the Symptoms are a little mittigated, than juſt in the beginning, eſpecially if the Pain is violent; but take notice, that if the Guts are inflamed, all Laxatives of whatſoever • ind are extreamly pernicious; for a fierc • • nd very violent Cholick, if it proceed from an Inflamation or Abſceſs of ſome of the Inteſtines, generally uſhers in a Mortal Iliack Paſſion.

External Applications.As for External Applications againſt Cholicks, let the Belly and Navel be well fomented with Liniments, of expreſs'd Oils, mix'd with thoſe that are Diſtill'd. Galbanum melted and mix'd with the Diſtill'd Oils of Spike and Amber. Plaifters made of Tachamahas, Balſam of Peru, or that of Bay-Berries, with that of Tobacco; Cataplaſms of Horſe-Dung, with Oil of Rue; and quilted Bags of Millet-ſeeds, or of Anodyn and Aromatic Ingretlients; are like wiſe apply'd to the Belly with good ſucceſs. But if the Gripes of the Belly do not remit by the uſe of theſe things, you muſt have recourſe to Hypnoticks, which being given in a ſitting Doſe, often gives Relief. And in continued Cholicks notwithſtanding ſome Men, Whoſe Ignorance, is as conſiderable as their Inſolence, loudly clamour againſt the uſe of Mercurial Medicines, yet the raiſing a gentle Salivation when the Morbifick Matter is plentifully gather'd together in the Nervous Plexus's, and other places about the Abdomen, and there ſticking faſt, ſo as not to be moved by other Medicines, Calomel may be given to the Relief of the Patient, and without Reproach to the Phyſician.

The Preſervative Indication.To refreſh the Strength and falling Spirits of the Sick, and to order yet a greater Apparatus againſt the Diſeaſe, give Liquid Laudanum tartariz'd, at Bed-time, in a Spoonful of the Water of Camomil Flowers, drinking after it, of the ſame ſix Spoonfuls, and let it be repeated every other, or every third Night. And whilſt you are uſing theſe Medicines for appeaſing Pains, let Purging Remedies have their due Turns, to deſtroy the Seminium of the Diſeaſe, and to prevent its return, Vomiting and Purging, and in a Hot Temperament Ph • ebotomy ought to be uſed: And inſtead of Baths and Sudorificks, Diure • icks may be more advantageouſly given.

And where the Cholick is of long continuance and obſtinate, Spaw-Water coming from Iron-Mines, are often uſed with good Succeſs: