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A DESCRIPTION OF THE CITY, COLLEGE, AND CATHEDRAL of WINCHESTER. EXHIBITING A complete and comprehenſive Detail OF THEIR ANTIQUITIES and PRESENT STATE.
The whole illuſtrated with Several curious and authentic Particulars, collected from a Manuſcript of ANTHONY WOOD, preſerved in the Aſhmolean Muſeum at Oxford; the COLLEGE and CATHEDRAL REGISTERS, and other Original Authorities, never before publiſhed.
—Capiturque locis, et ſinguloe loetus Exquiritque auditque VIRUM MONUMENTA PRIORUM. VIRG. viii. 311.
LONDON, Printed for R. BALDWIN, in Pater-noſter Row: Sold by T. BURDON, in Wincheſter; B. COLLINS, in Saliſbury; and by the Bookſellers of OXFORD, and CAMBRIDGE. [Price One Shilling.]
THE pious Deſigns, and the magnificent Works, of our Anceſtors are Themes, on which every Reader of a liberal Curioſity receives Information with Plealocal Guide to Strangers, who may be tempted to viſit the curious and entertaining Particulars which it profeſſes to de
For the Satisfaction of the Reader it may be neceſſary ſtill further to premiſe, that our Account is compiled from the beſt private Information, from an attentive Examination on the Spot, and from a Variety of MaWincheſter, containing the Acts of the Pontificate of William of Wykeham, whoſe BeneWincheſter. It is called Regiſtrum Wykeham, and begins with the Year mccclxvii. But our principal
Anthony Wood, never before printed, and preſerved in the Aſhmolean Muſeum at Oxford, D 4. 56, 8518. pag. 308. 4to. It is dated, FeCroſs, with it Epitaphs. 2. Wincheſter College, with the moCroſs Hoſpital, A.D. 1382. to A.D. 1619. 5. ExWincheſter College. Begining with "A Miſſal given to
And ending with, Wincheſter College by Mag. Thomas Nevil, Prior of the Cathedral Church of Wincheſter:""
—Beſides theſe, we have been favoured with the Peruſal of ſeJohn White, Biſhop of Winton, gave to the College at Winton, by Will, his Mitre and Cro
WINCHESTER appears to have been a City of conſiderable Note among the antient Leland acquaints us, that the Staple Houſes Britons, by whom it was called Caer Guen, or the White City, from its Situation upon a chalky Soil. Many reputable Hiſtorians report, that it was founded by Ludor Rous Hudibras, 892 Years before the Birth of Chriſt. It afterwards became a Roman Station, and probably one of their Cities, as appears from the Diſcovery of a Pavement of Brick, and Coins of Conſtantine the Great, found in digging the FoundatCharles II. Camden
Weſt Saxon Kings reſided in this City; who adorned it with magnificent Churches, and an Epiſcopal See. King Ethelſtan eſtabliſhed here ſix Mints for the Coinage of Money. The Dome-boc of Alfred was repoſited in the Cathedral of this City, thence called Codex Wintonienſis; as was afterwards the preDomeſday book of the Conqueror
Stephen and Maud the Empreſs, this Place was almoſt totally deſolated; but the Misfortune was amply repaired by Edward III. who fixed here a Staple"lay from the Weſt Gate in a back Way to the North Gate."
Itiner. vol. iii. pag. 86, ed. 2.
It is ſaid to have been firſt fortified with Walls by Guidorius, Anno Dom. 179. The preſent Walls are reported to have been erected by Moleutius Dunwallo, Anno Dom. 341. On the South and Eaſt Sides, for ſome Diſtance, they remain entire, and many Fragments of them are continued to a conſiderable Extent on the North and Weſt, particularly to the Weſtward, on which is to be ſeen a Baſtion, called the Hermit's Tower. Their Circumference is one Mile and
King's Gate
King's Gate was ſometimes ſo called, on account of St. Michael's Church ſtanding near it. Itinerar. vol. iii. pag. 86.B
and that it led to a ſmall Suburb.
Near the Weſt Gate we ſurvey the Ruins of a ſtrong and ſtately Caſtle, which according to Tradition was built by King Arthur Anno Dom. 523; and was a Place of remarkable Defence in the Reign of King Stephen, againſt whoſe AtMaud the Empreſs for a conſiderable Time. By a Plan of it drawn Anno Dom. 1630, it appears to have been a quadrangular Structure, with a Tower at each Angle: And by a ſmall Sketch in Speed, Anno Dom. 1614, we diſcover, that the EnHeylin inform us, that "it was a gal
The Weſt Saxon Kings, and many of our Princes after the Conqueſt, reſided in this Caſtle, ſome of whom were born, and others crowned l. 13s. 4d. to the Conſtable of Wincheſter Caſtle. Peck's Deſid. Curioſ. vol. i. l. 2. p. 19.William Waller and his Family near one hundred Years before the Grand ReWilliam Waller its original Owner, who was one of Cromwell's Generals. The Chapel of the Caſtle, which was, as at preſent, originally a detached Building, is ſtill entire, and is a magCanterbury over that of York was tried Anno Dom. 1072, before Hubert the Pope's Legate, King William, and all the Biſhops and Abbots in England
l. is allowed to Nicholas Hill, late Incumbent, Anno Dom. 1553.
The Aſſizes for the County of Hants were oriWincheſter AnArthur's Round Table, which is 18 Feet in Diameter. It would be needleſs to multiply Authorities for a Proof that this Table is of modern Date. However it is of higher Antiquity than it is commonly ſuppoſed to be: For Paulus Jovius
Charles V. and that at that Time many Marks of its Antiquity had been deſtroyed, the Names of the Knights having been then juſt written afreſh, and the whole Table, with its Ornaments, newly repaired. Turnaments being
Wincheſter before the Court and Parliament, this Table might probably have been uſed, on thoſe Occaſions, for entertaining the Combatants; which, on that Account, was proArthur's twenty-four Knights; either in CommemoraWincheſter. In later Times theſe Exerciſes were called Menſa Rotunda
Arthur
Morte Arthur, &c. printed by Caxton, 1484.Lancelot du Lake, Sir Triſtram, Sir Pelleas, Sir Gawain, Sir Garethe, &c.
On or near the Site of this Caſtle Charles II. Anno Dom. 1683, laid the Foundation of a magnificent Royal Palace, only the Shell of which was finiſhed. A Cupola was deſigned 30 Feet higher than the Roof, which would have been ſeen at Sea; and a Street was intended leading from the Weſt End of the Cathedral to the Centre of the Front. The Length of the whole is 328 Feet. A Park was alſo projected ten Miles in Circumſerence: but the Death of the
French Priſoners of War.
The City of Wincheſter contains eight Pariſh Churches. It had formerly 45, or more, many of which were ſuppreſſed by Biſhop Fox in the Reign of Henry VII. as inſufficient to maintain their reſpective Incumbents
In a Meadow, called Denemrch
beGuy Earl of Warwick is ſaid to have encountered and conquered Colbrand the Daniſh Giant. The Battle-Ax with which he atchieved this memorSwythun's Cathedral till the Reformation, and was called Colbrandis Axe
Giles's Hill, where ſtood a Chapel dedicated to St. Giles, Waldawus a Saxon, Earl of Northumberland, was beheaded by Command of the Conqueror
On the oppoſite Hill, called Catharine Hill, Leland acquaints us, there was a fair Chapel deWolſey
St. John's Houſe is appointed for the public Meetings of the Mayor and Aldermen. It has an Hoſpital annexed, and is ſaid to have been founded by William Lamb,
Eſq 1554. In Leland's Time it was an Hoſpital for the Sick, and in the Chapel was a Statute of St. Briſtan Biſhop of Wincheſter, who probably was the FounderWilliam Symonds, Gent. A.D. 1607, for ſix old Men, one Woman, and four Boys. On the North Side of the Cathedral is a decent College founded by Biſhop Morley, A.D. 1672, for ten Widows of Clergymen.
The County Hoſpital in this City is a magnifiMichaelmas, A.D. 1759. This Inſtitution was the firſt of the Kind in England, and was begun, but not in the preſent Building, A.D. 1736.
Henry VI.
Beſides the College and Cathedral, which will be ſeparately deſcribed, there have been ſe
Hyde-Abby for Benedictines, which ſtood for 200 Years within the Precincts of St. Swythun's, and on a Quarrel between the two Societies was removed to a Suburb called Hyde. It was eſtabliſhed at Hyde by Henry I. and W. Giffard Biſhop of Wincheſter. A.D. 1121. and at the Diſſolution, A.D. 1538, was valued at 865l. 18s.Saxon Kings and Princes were ſumptuouſly buried. The Church now called Hyde Church
"In Atrio Hydae,"
MSS. Coll. Wint.
Next to this, in Point of Eminence, was a Benedictine Nunnery, called St. Mary's Abby, founded by Alſwithe the Wife of King Alfred, A.D. 900. It was ſituated near the Houſe of George Peſcod,
Eſq and is now reduced to a ſmall Heap of Stones. It conſiſted of an Abbeſs and 21 Nuns, and was valued at the Diſſolution at 175l. 7s. 2d.
From this Nunnery Henry I. took his Wife Maud, Daughter of Malcolm King of Scots, by which Marriage the Royal Families of the Saxons and Normans were united. Camden acHampſhire.
The Hoſpital of the Almonry of the Church of St. Swythun, commonly called the Suſtern Spytal, maintained by St. Swythun's Convent, adjoined to the preſent College on the Weſt.
The ſame Writer obſerves, that Eliſabeth, founded by John de Pontiſora, Biſhop of Wincheſter, A.D. 1300, for one Provoſt, ſix Chaplain Prieſts, ſix Clerks, and ſix Choriſters, was valued at the Diſſolution at 112l. 17s. 4d. The Provoſt had ſix Marks, and the Chaplains 40s. per Annum, beſides Commons. It ſtood in a Meadow, called St. Stephen's, near the preſent College on the Eaſt. Leland thus deſcribes it's Site. "The Col
Afterwards he adds, Eliſabeth of Hungorie lyith ſtraite Eſt upon the New-College [Wincheſter-College]: and there is but a litle narrow Cauſey betwixt them. The mayne Arme and "Blak Brydge,
Ibid. pag. 89. Eaſt Bridge is, I ſuppoſe, the Bridge juſt without the Eaſt Gate.made of Wood, is betwixt Eliſabeth and Eſt Bridge."Alſford-Water, devided a little above the College [Elizabeth College] into two Armes, runnith on each Side"within theſe twoArms, not far from the College Church of St.
The Biſhop in his Statutes ſets forth, that he founds this College before the Gates of Eliſabeth, is a Chapel of St. Stephen."Wolveſey Caſtle in a certain Meadow called St. Stephen's MeaStephen
Mary's Abby, deſcribed above, ſtood the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, conſiſting of a Warden and ſeveral Prieſts.
Here was a Convent of each of the four OrSouthampton. The Grey Friers, or Minors, on the right juſt with the Eaſt Gate. The Dominicans, on the North, within the City.
To theſe we may add the Prior and Brethren of St. Peter in the Church of St. Maurice, and the Church of St. Mary Kalender.
We ſhall cloſe our Account of the City with a Deſcription of the Hoſpital of St. Croſs, which ſtands about half a Mile Southward of the Town.
This Henry de Blois, Biſhop of Wincheſter, and Brother of King Stephen, about the Year 1136, for the Maintenance of thirteen poor Men: who likewiſe ordained, that one hundred other poor Perſons ſhould be enterHundred-Mennes-Hall. Of theſe there were always thirteen of the poorer Scholars of the great Grammar School of Wincheſter. But this Inſtitution of daily feeding the one hundred Poor was not of
Richard II. and inſtead of it, an Eſtabliſhment was ſubſtituted of four Prieſts, thirteen ſecular Clerks, and four Choriſters. In the Year 1444, Cardinal Beaufort, Biſhop of Wincheſter, made ample Additions to the HoſpiThe Alms Houſe of Noble Poverty; by which it appears, that he deſigned the Houſe for the Relief of decayed Gentlemen. This Hoſpital, though conſiderably diminiſhed in it's Revenues, ſtill ſubſiſts on the Remains of both Endowments.
The Building conſiſts of one extenſive, irre
Life of Sir Ch. Wren. PARENTALIA; or Memoirs, &c. pag. 296, from a Letter of Sir C. Wren, &c.Stephen, by the firſt Founder, is a curious Remain of Saxon Architecture"We have ſome Examples of the ancient SAXON Man
round Pillars, much ſtronger than Tuſcan; round-headed Arches, and Windows. Such was Wincheſter-Cathedral of old; and ſuch, at this Day, the Royal Chapel, in the White Tower at London: The Chapel of St. Croſſes; the Chapel [the Cathedral] of Chriſt-Church in Oxford, formerly an old Monaſtery: and divers others, I need not name, before the Conqueſt."
The great Weſt Window, the Conſtruction of which is in a more ornamental Style than any of the reſt, was probably altered to it's preſent Form, by the ſecond Founder, Cardinal Beaufort. It has ſome Remains of painted Glaſs, with an Inſcription, nothing of which is legible, or at leaſt intelligible, at preſent, except the Words Nicholas Bedford. In a South Window of the croſs Ile, are theſe Arms, viz. Gules three Lions Heads paſſant, Fl. de Lis reverſed, or three Eagles quartering Barry, and a Chief. In an Eaſt Window of the North Tranſept we find an Ave Maria, with ſome Fragments of painted Glaſs, under which is Orate pro anima Ricardi de Buteſhall; if I am right in the Name, which is the moſt imperfect Part. He was Maſter of the Hoſpital, A. D, 1346.
On the Roof of the Nave are two Cheverons, the Arms of Wykeham, between three Roſes; alſo the Arms of France and England quartered. The Coat between theſe two is defaced.
On a Stone of grey Marble, placed within an Arch in the North Ile, is this Inſcription in Saxon Characters. "Hic jacet Magiſter Petrus
On a Braſs Plate on the Ground, "Here lieth Elizabeth Wroughton, Gentlewoman, who departed the xxiii Day of May, in the Year of our Lord 1551. whoſe Sowle Jeſu pardon."
On another "Hic jacet Johes Knyght, qui quondam erat frater iſtius loci novae funda
On another, "—rward
On another, "Hic jacet Johes Turke, qui quondam erat frater
—as before in Knyght's Epitaph.
"The Yere of our Lord Mccc
In the Middle of the Nave, on a large flat Stone is the Figure of a Man on a Braſs Plate with two Labels over his Head, "Jeſu cum veneris juſtificare noli me condemnare—qui ſervaſti me miſerere mei."
Under the the Figure is, "Hic jacet Johes de Camden
Round the Verge, "Credo quod re
On a Braſs Plate. "Hic jacet donus Johes Berton quondam Vicarius ſci Johis in Soca Winton."
In the Southern Tranſept, on the Ground "Hic jacet Johes Prews quondam Rector ec
On another, Orate pro anima dni Willi Saunders quondam Cappellani novae funda
On another, "Under this Stone reſteth Alexander Swart late Brother of this place who departed this tranſitory Life to Almighty God the xvii Day of July, 1569."
In a Chapel on the South Side of the Choir, or Chancel, "Hic jacet Johannes Wayte filius Johis Wayte Armigeri, et Agathae Uxoris ejus, qui quidem Johes Wayte filius obiit ult. Die Octob. An. Dom. 1502. Cujus Animae, &c."
On the North Side of the Court is the Re"Henricus Compton Epiſcopus."
He was
Oxford, and afterwards to that of London. We likewiſe find his Initials on the Stables, H.C. with the Year 1675. In the Eaſtern Gallery, and in other Places, we frequently read "Dilexi ſapientiam R.S. 1503."
This is the MemoRoger, or Robert Sherborn, Maſter of the Hoſpital, and from hence preferred to the BiDavid's. He was afterwards Biſhop of Chicheſter, and founded in that CatheNew College in Oxford. The Gateway of the Hoſpital is formed in a ſquare ſtately Tower, on one Side of which is the Statue of the Cardinal praying to another Figure, now deſtroyed. This Tower was probably built by the Cardinal.
About the Year 1370 l. per Ann. at which Time the yearly Salary of the Maſter was eſtimated at 7l. 4s. 6d. Its ſecond Founder Cardinal Beaufort added to the former Endowl. beſides ſeveral Impropriations.
THE College of St. Mary of Wincheſter, commonly called Wincheſter College, is ſituated to the South Eaſt of the Cathedral, juſt without the City Wall. The Front is extended to the Length of 249 Feet, and conſiſts of Offices on the Weſt Side of the Gateway, and of a Part of the Warden's Lodgings on the Eaſt. Under the Gateway, the Tower of which is adorned with a Statue of the Virgin Mary, we enter the firſt Court. On the left are the WarNicholas
John Harmar, as appears by the Initials, J.H. and the Date 1597. The North Front of the ſecond Quadrangle loſes much of its intended Effect by Means of another Part of theſe Lodgings, built A.D. 1613. which runs at right Angles againſt it on the left.
Virgin Mary, and an Angel. This Court is 96 Feet over. The lower Rooms, on either Side of the Gate
The whole South Side is magnificently formed by the Chapel and Hall. The latter is a noble Gothic Room 63 Feet in Length, and 33 in Breadth; in which the Scholars dine at Twelve, and ſup at Six. In the uppermoſt Window, on the North Side, are the Arms of England, and of the Marquis of Wincheſter.
The Chapel is equal to moſt, and ſuperior to many, in our Univerſities; whether we regard its Dimenſions, its Furniture, and the Solemnity which ſtrikes us at our Entrance. It is 102 Feet long, and 33 broad. The Screen, Stalls, and Altar-piece, which is of the Ionic Order, were executed in the Wardenſhip of Dr. Nicholas abovementioned. The Altar is adorned with a beautiful Salutation Piece, painted by Le Moine,
Burton, the preChriſtopher Eyre, formerly Uſher. The Eaſt Window is painted with the Genealogy of Chriſt, and has been celebrated in an elegant Poem written by the Reverend Dr. Lowth, Prebendary of Durham, which is printed in an admired Collection of Engliſh Poems, entitled The UNION"
On the North Side ſtands the Organ. The Roof is covered with a Cieling of Wood in Imitation of arched Stone Work, without which, the Height would be too great, as it is at Orate pro anima Wilhelmi de Wykeham Fundatoris iſtius Collegii."New College ChaOxford, where ſuch a Cieling was, pro
In the Ante Chapel is a Receſs to the South, over Part of which ſtands the Tower, containHenry VI. together with the Tower, by William of Wainfleet, BiWincheſter, whoſe Arms are cut in the Roof, together with the following Arms and Rebuſes.
Beſides theſe there are Letters interwoven for Cyphers, which by Length of Time are ren
One of the Windows belonging to this Receſs has been lately cloſed up, and the other is greatly defaced; but the Paintings and Inſcriptions of both having been fortunately preſerved by Anthony Wood, the Oxford Antiquary, who viſited this College in February 1684, I ſhall inſert them from his original MSS. which has never yet been printed. The curious Obſerver will eaſily ſup
In one Compartment is the Pourtraiture of a Biſhop in his Habit, ſupported by another Biſhop, and an Archbiſhop, as appears by the Croſs, placing the Mitre on his Head. Under him are
William of Wykeham. Underneath the whole Length of the Window is this Inſcription.
—Hulyn, A.M.—Schola Gram
maticali hujus Collegii et pro animabus paren tum et amicorum eorundem.
In another Compartment is this Inſcription.
Orate pro anima Magiſtri Willi Densford quondam Socii perpetui hujus Collegii, qui obiit Octavo Die Decemb. Ann. Dni. 1476. Cujus animae, &c.
In another Compartment is the Figure of a Saint. Beneath it is a Man praying, with the following Scroll from his Mouth.
Felix precatrix mihi ſis precor auxiliatrix.
In another Compartment St. Anne is repre
O mihi per natum vitam precor Anna beatum.
In another Compartment is a Painting of God the Father, with our Saviour in his Arms.
Per mortem nati qui mundum vivificaſti.
In the other,
Simus ſalvati-petimus quos ipſe creaſti.
At the Bottom is the Name "
probably for Agnetis Uxoris ejus,"Agnes Champnewys, the Founder's Siſter, and Mother of Alicia Perrot
Round the Ante Chapel are placed the Stalls originally belonging to the Choir, or Inner ChaNicholas, before mentioned.
Many of the Epitaphs on the Braſs Plates are obliterated, and many others have been deWood's Manuſcript, which has been carefully compared with what now remains.
An Urn of white Marble, ſet upon an Altar Stone raiſed upon three Steps; on the three Sides of it are theſe Inſcriptions.
Humph May hujus Collii ſocii, quia rarum vir
tutis Exemplar poſterorum intereſt non extingui haec urna. D.
On the other Side.
HM Natus Rawmeriae in Agro Suſſex Cal. Apr. An. Sal. mdcxiii. 1613.
On the other Side.
HMDenatus Wintoniae in Coll. B. Mariae prid. Cal.
Sep. A. Sal. mdclvii
On a Braſs.
Orate pro aia Mri Willi Exule in Decretis bacalarii, Coll. B Marie Wintonie in Oxonia quonda Socii, et Epi Wintonienſis Capellani, qui obiit An. dni mvcxxi, menſis vero Martii die xvi. Cujus aie.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia M
riJohis Beckynton quondam Socii iſtius Collegii, qiobiit ix die feb. An. D. mcccclxxiii, cujus aie &c.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia Johis Barrat in Artibus bacala rii, quonda ſocii hujus Collii, qui obiit xiv di Maii an. mvcxxiii. Cujus aie.
Hic jacet Henricus Keſewyk Specialis amicus hujus Collii qui obiit penultim. die Marcii An. Dom. mccccix, cujus aie.
On another.
Orate pro aia Johanne nuper Uxoris Johis Bedell que obiit xiiii die Menſis Feb. An. mcccclxxxxvii, cujus aie, &c.
On another.
Orate pro aia M
riJohannis Wyght quondam Socii hujus Coll. qui obiit podie Menſ. Januar. An. do. mcccclxxxxiiii. Cujus aie &c.
On a Scroll from his Mouth—per tua quin
On another.
Orate pro aia Dni Thome Lyripin olim Socii iſtius Coll q
iob. xxxdie Mens. Marcii, An. Dom. mcccccix. cujus aie &c.
On another.
Orate pro aia M
riThome Aſhburn quonda Socii hujus Collii qiObiit decimo die Januarii An. do. mvcxvi, cujus &c.
Epit. Thom. Baſſet. ſoc. et Vicecuſt. defunct. xxiii Aug. an. mdlv.
Hic Baſſete jaces nullo memorandus in aevo Si tua in haeredes gratia ſola foret. Nunc quia me gratis Vicecuſtos eſſe Scholarem Juſſeris, hoc gratis praeſto tibi officium. Te legent alii uttua (quanquam ô) facta ſequantur, que Et moniti dicant: optime vive Deo. C. Johnſon poſuit MDLX.
On a Braſs on the Ground under the Arch.
Epitaphium Johis Leffe in jure Civili Doctoris.Nominis hic quid habet (Lector) ſi forte requiras, A folii ductum nomine nomen habet. Wintoniae ſtuduit ſimul Oxoniae, ut tulit aetas, Doctorem haec vidit, diſcipulum ille habuit. Sede in utra fuit verae pietatis Amator, que Sede alia pretium nunc pietatis habet. Judicium ſi forte Deus ſuſpenderit, ut ſit Judex propitius, Lector, habeto preces. Obiit anno aetatis ſuae 66, an dni 1557 Auguſti 19•…
On another Braſs on the Ground.
D. O. M. S.Hic poſitus eſt Nicholaus Love SS. Theol. Doctor, Collegii ad Ventam Wichamici primo
•… informator, poſtea Cuſtos, docuit An. xi, praefuit xvii, ſta ut aedibus hiſce providentia ſua ſtatum optumum, dignitate honorem conciliaret. Eru ditionis magnum teſtimonium accepit quod Jaco bo Regum doctiſs. a Sacris fuerit. Mira res potuiſſe in unum hominem coire moleſtiam cum faelici tate, gravitatem cum comitate, cum judicio inge nium, prudentiam cum Eloquentia, ita ut omnia Summa Eſſent. Haec qui citra invidiam legis abi faelix et Collegio optuma quaeq. precare, hoc eſt Cuſtodes huic ſimiles. At tu jam felix et diis conjunctior umbra, Hunc tumulum, hos titulos, et breve carmen habe. At pudet: at quae homines virtuti reddimus haec ſunt Praemia: nil ultra Wickamus ipſe tulit. Nic. Love haeres patris B. M. maerens poſuit.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia M
riJohis Wyllynghall quondam Socii iſtius Collii, qiobiit quinto die Mens. Febr. an. dni mccccxxxii. cujus aie, &c.
On another Braſs.
Amice Sacer, hic Sepultus eſt, te
(ut ut feras) pulverem ſatagit, pauliſper ſibi immorari, huic ſubſunt marmori, quas Naturae cl. Johes Harris debuit, Exuviae, qui per annos 28 hujus Collii que Cuſtos, in difficili Saeculi illius Aeſtuario per va rias tempeſtates navim cui praeficiebatur, cum deo rexit et ſoſpitavit, nec tamen Saecula quibus uſus eſt coluit, ſed ſaeculorum deum. Natus Hardwichiae in Agro Bucks. patre preſb. Eccleſ. rectore, matri Academiae Oxon dulce De
cus, procurator ſagax et providus, reverendus in S. Th. Doctor, Graecae linguae profeſſor regius, in Cathedral. Ventae ecclia aliquando praeben darius, Meonſtochiae rector pius et concionator frequens, fide, innocentia, pietate, prudentia ΣΤΟΡΓΗ, liberalitate, virtute deni omni per dei gratiam ΑΡΙΣΤΕΥΩΝ, cui advolavit mens quem pulvis hic et teſta ΑΠΟΚΑΡΑΔΟΚΕΙ. obiit 11 die Auguſti An. Dom. 1658 aetat ſuae lxx. que
On another Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia Johis Bedell nuper majoris Civi
tatis Winton, quondam Scholaris hujus Collii, q iobiit penultimo die menſis Julii an. dni mcccclxxxxviii—Cujus &c.
On another.
This round the Verge of a large Stone.
- - - - - qui vero mala egerunt in reſurrectionem judicii . . Johanes . . quinto repoſita eſt haec ſpes . . . . . . milleſimo quingenteſimo . . . . . . . Cujus aie—At each Corner his Armes viz. a Mullet betw. 3 fountains.
Hic tegor, hic poſt fata John White adm. Warden. 1541. Willis, ut ſupra. Whitus propono jacere,Scriptor Johanes Carminis ipſe mei. Sin alibi ſors eſt putreſcere, qui meus eſſet Tunc patior tumulus fiat ut alterius. Ne ſine honore tenax ſine nomine linqueret heres Id timui, exemplis turbor et inde novis. Ingrati heredes! phas nil ſperare ſepulto Ore tenus, putei Spes in Amicitia. Nec mihi fama tamen de marmore quaeritur . . . Sed ſpes magna piis ponitur in precibus. Hoc cuſtode avet hic, hoc preceptore avet ille. Hoc puer puero (dixerit alter) eram. que Parce deus ſocio, cuſtodi parce magiſtro, Hic avet, ille avet hoc, hoc etiam alter avet. Septem annos docui, que lux poſtrema docendo Stata preeſſendi munere prima fuit. Mutavit mihi non minuit fortuna Labores, Cura non modicis rebus adaucta mihi. que Nunc ſubeat lector quia ſancta eſt at ſalubris que Res pro defuncto fratre rogare deum A more .correctCopy could not be given, Halt the Inſcription being covered with a Pew.
On the North Side of the outer Chapel an Effigies engraven on Braſs, I ſuppoſe of a Warden, the Inſcription torn off, at his Mouth a Scroll. Thus.
Cum non poſſitis fratres evadere mortem, me . . .
Hic jacet Magiſter Johes Morys
The firſt,after the Foundation was entirely ſettled. Willis, pag. 333, ut ſupra. primuscuſtos iſtius Collii qui obiit die undecim millia Virginum, anno dni milleſimo ccccxiii, et anno regni regis Henrici quinti primo, litera dominical A. Cujus &c.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Hic jacet Dnus Johes Cleir quondam Socius iſtius Collii q
iobiit xi die Menſis Julii anno milleſimo ccccxxi. cujus aie &c.
On another this.
Orate pro aia Dni Nicholai North quondam ſocii iſtius Collii qui obiit xii die Menſis Octob. An. Dni mccccxlv, cujus aie &c.
Againſt the North Wall on a Table of black Marble.
Marmor Henrici Madgwick Pullatum metroſis Fruſtra Lacrymis plangentes lavamus. Pretium viri integerrimi, perliterati concionatoris, Seduli, utilis, carendo didicimus. Triplex de corpore quieto certamen Collegii, Gregis, Allingtonii, Nativi Dumer Initur. Solus Sapiens deus Arbiter aequiſſimus Corpus ab omnibus humo Condens, ſibi Animam
Vindicavit.Ille tandem ſibi Creditum theſaurum, Omnibus aeque participandum perpetuo Cum ab omni oculo
refundet.
Omnis Lacryma
Abſtergetur.Vixit ab Anno Salutis mdxc Sep. 21.
ad Annum mdcxxiii Sept. 28
On another Marble Table near it.
M S.Manta Viator nec parum ut ſcias refert, quis propter hic ſepultus eſt Gulielmus Wither natus in parochia de Dummer Comitatus Hantoniae au
Epitſtralis, cui parochus poſtea invigilavit annos ul tra xxx, ubi conſilio, Charitate, doctrina, exeplo ſingulis profuit. Denatus in hoc juxta Win toniam Coll. ubi puer humanioribus literis Edu catus donec in Coll. Nov. Oxon promotus tan demque in Collegii hujus ſocietatem aſcitus Evan gelium praedicando, pueros Catechizando, Bur ſarii, caetera Colli Munia obeundo, annos itidem abſumpſit ultra xxx. quibus omibus exequen que dis, prudentiam, probitatem, fidem adhibuit egregiam, opes, ſcientias, virtutem, pietatem, habuit, et (quod vix credas) ſine Fuco, Fraude, Vanitate habuit, Pacis ſemper eximius Cultor, In pace obiit ano aerae Chriſtianae mdclvi aetatis ſuae lxiiii. T. Vole olim ſocii.
"Theſe following, which were on Braſs Plates, were torn off long ſince, and their Braſſes are preſerved."Wood's Note.Some of them do not at preſent appear.Ut Volus in Montem dni volat ore volenti, Chriſto funde preces Chriſtum quicun Obiit x die Auguſti an. 1558.precaris. que W. Walynford olim ſocii hujus Collii qui . . . cccxxxix, cujus &c.
Hic jacet Magiſter Joh. Bouke, quondam cuſtos Collii B. Mariae Wynton in Oxon tertius, q
iobiit ſecundo die menſis Martii an. dom. mccccxlii litera Dominicali G. Et anno regni regis Henrici Sexti xx, cujus &c.Thomae
Wood, Ath. vol. i. 244. & faſt. 79. ob. 9 Feb. 1580. Willis, ibid. Stempe Cuſtodis in hoc Collegio undecimi, LL Dris et ſacre theologiae muſiceſLaude Clariſſimi, Epitaphium. que Qui jacet hic Cuſtos viginti quatuor annos Praefuit, et qui ſit ſi legis iſta, ſcies. Voce manu modo didicit formare canoros. que Addidit huic Linguas Rhetoricam puer. que Grandior ad leges civiles ibat, in illis Doctor, et huic judex non ſine laude fuit. Preſbyter in Sacris Scripturis plurimus haeſit, Quas populo acceptas plauſibil Eſq debit. Quid memorem vitâ quam ſe conſtanter in omni Praeſtitit, et fluxas quam prope ſprevit opes. Obiit nono die Feb. 1581.Cuſtos Admiſſ. Cuſtos 10 Dec. 1413. A.M. Robertus Thurbern cognomine dictus,En morior certus cui non parcit necis ictus, Spes mea vera quies, bone Jeſu ſuſcipe gratum Quem tricena dies rapit Octobris vere ſtratum Anno milleno domini C quater ſociato Et quinquageno morior, bone Chriſte juvato, Deprecor oratis pro me cuſtode ſecundo, Diſcas lege pari cuſtos non credere mundo.
On four round Pieces of Braſs at the Corners of ſome old Monuments.
On one, St. Michael.
Satrapa Caelorum Michael Cuſtos paradiſi Sortem juſtorum Cuſtodi da Michaeli Sc. Michael Cleeve, admitt. Ward. 1487. .
Round another with the Picture of St. John,
More volans Aquilae ſcrutanſ abſcondita verbi que Coeleſtis patriae requiem confer Michaeli.
Cui Sebaſte dedit nomen confoſſe Sagittis Praeſta perpetue Michaeli gaudia lucis.
On the fourth, one praying to the V. Mary.
Virgo facta parens dum conſentis Gabrieli Servo Sancta tuo Natum placa Michaeli.Orate pro anima dni Johis Fraunces quondam Socii iſtius Collii, qui obiit xxii die Menſis Maii An. dom. mccccxlv. Cujus &c.
Againſt the Walls on elegant Marbles.
H. S. E.
Johannes Cobb L.L.D.
Dni Thomae Cobb in argo Oxon.
Baronetti Filius,
Utriuſque Wiccamicorum Collegii
Succeſſive Cuſtos.
Qui generoſam unde ortus eſt, proſapiam
Moribus honeſtavit ornatiſſimis,
Illuſtriſſima, ubi educatus eſt, Collegia
Studiis ornavit honeſtiſſimis.
Fuit enim
Magni animi, et preclari, benefici, nihil non
Honorificum meditantis, nihil non audentis.
In negotiis ordinandis nec defuit ei Prudentia,
Nec in exequendis Induſtria.
In cuſtodis munere obeundo
Nec Diſciplinam paſſus eſt langueſcere,
Nec imminutum in Autoritatem.Cui muneri per ac duod. ita totus incubuit, ut nihil
Wiccamicis deſiderandum relinqueret,
Praeter vitam ipſius longius producendam.Ob. Nov. 25. Anno Dom: 1724 Aetat: 48.
Sarah, Vidua illius ſuperſtes,
Dmni Hugonis Stukely in Com.
Southton Barti.
Filia,
Monumentum hoc Optimo Marito.
H. S. E.
Thomas Cheyney Eccleſiae Wellenſis Canonicus.
Collegii hujuſce Informator.
Vir
In omni ſcientiarum genere,
In humanioribus etiam literis, et liguarum elegantiis
Optime exercitatus.
Quanto et quam felici labore
Theologorum ſtudiis incubuit
Et concionando, et vivendo palam fecit.
In animo effuſa Benevolentia,
In vultu placens Benignitas,
In verbis intemerata Fides.
Tranquillus, patiens, clemens, pudicus,
Et quas propulſare potuit injurias
Amabili candore obliviſci maluit.
Et ſanctiſſimis et facillimis moribus excelluit,
Nec voluptate trahebatur adoleſcens,
Nec Severitate induruit Senex,
In hoc unice intentus
Ut quod Deo, Sibi, quod amicis debuitId pro virili et graviter expedire poſſet.
Tali virtutum choro inſtructus
Sibi ſoli interea minime placuit,
Eâ quippe modeſtiâ
Ut quos abunde meruit Honores
Nullis rogandi aut ambiendi artibus
Solicitare potuit:
Sed quo minores ab hominibus affectare voluit,
Eo ſolenniores a Deo aliquando habiturus eſt.Obiit 4to. die Octobris, anno Dni 1724 Aetat: 72
Thomas Cheyney
Filius unicus ſuperſtes
Patri optimo et defideratiſſimo
Poſuit.
M: S:
Thomae Braithwaite LLD
Qui Celeberrimo Collegiorum Pari,
QuaeWiccamusmagnifice fundavit,
Digniſſime praefuit;
Utriuſloci Ornamentum et Deliciae. que
Fuit enim
Multiplici et curiosâ Eruditione Inſtructiſſimus,
Singulari mentis dulcedine inter primos Conſpicuus,
Conſtanti vitae integritate nemini Secundus,
In privatis de Seipſo Sumtibus bene parcus,
In Amicis et hoſpitibus Excipiendis tantum non prodigus,
Quam benignâ et comi fuerit Indole,
Quam vivido et feſtivo Ingenio,
Quam antiquis et incorruptis moribus
Teſtantur Wiccamici, Teſtantur Academici,Teſtantur quibuſcunque innotuit, Boni omnes et Cordati:
Fuit vir Egregius
Fidei Primaevae et Orthodoxae tenaciſſimus,
Eccliae Anglicanae firmiter et ſummopere devotus,
Peromnem Vitae Curſum Simplex Caelebs et ſemper Idem,
Obiit 23: die Julij Anno Dni: 1720. Aetat: 60.
Franciſca Dobſon Soror, et ex teſtamento
Haeres, Chariſſimo Fratri P.
Before the Chapel Door is the following Inſcription.
Orate pro anima Magiſtri Willhelmi Nygh
tyngale quondam ſocii hujus Collegii qui ob. xxiv. Die Menſis Junii Ann. Dom. 1467.
From hence, turning on the Left, we paſs into the Cloiſters, near the Entrance of which we perceive, in the Eaſtern Wall, a Door Way, now cloſed up, by which the Society formerly paſſed from the Chapel, through a correſponding one in the oppoſite Wall, for celebrating the Proceſſion called the Circum, in which they every Morning circuited the College.
The Cloiſters conſtitute a Square of 132 Feet. In the Centre of the Area ſtands an eleGothic Edifice erected in the Reign of
Henry VI. by Wykeham's Societies. He gave to New College the Manor of Newton Longueville, Bucks: A Silver Cup weighing ten Pounds: The Bible writJohn Fromond, and intended by him for a Chapel: He likewiſe appointed a ChaplainMaud gave two Cups to the College, on one of which was the following Inſcription:
He ſhall have Cryſtes bleſſing to his dele Whoſo of me drinketh wele Regiſt. Coll. .
This Chapel was converted into a Library, Ann. Dom. 1629, by Robert Pink, Warden
The following Paintings in the Windows, deWood, in the MS. abovementioned, are now entirely deſtroyed.
In one Window the Picture of a Biſhop writ
In another Window, a Biſhop writing as be"with Robertus Lincolnienſis."
In another Window two Doctors writing; under them . . . . . . . Doctor . . . . . . . Under the whole, Matilda quondam Uxor Johannis Fro I ſuppoſe, ornamented. Dame Catharine Rede of Borſtall, Bucks, by Will, dat. 1489, leaves among other Things, "a Girdle of Tysſhew
Kennet's Paroch. Ant. p. 678. In an Inventoharneſſed."George's Chapel at Windſor, we find "duo Baculi
Dugd. Mon. vol. 3. Eccleſ. Coll. p. 85.harnizati cum berillo."
In the Weſt Cloyſter.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia Willi Laus quondam Socii iſtius Collii, qui obiit die jovis in Vigilia Sti Georgii An dni mccccxvii, Cujus aie, &c.
On a blue Stone engraven.
Hic jacet Johes Marſhall iſtius Collii Socius qui aiam Deo efflavit 25 Aug. An Dni 1670. Aet. ſuae 47.
On a Braſs in the Wall.
Epi. mi Jo. Dol. Socii defunct.
3 Aprilis 1560.Clauſtri pro foribus Dolberum cerne Sepultum Umbrarum aſſeſſor janitor ille loci eſt. Non Malus; ille uit qi verba noviſſima dixit • O bone Chriſte precor te miſerere Mei. Sanctorum Aſſeſſor vel coeli janitor ut ſit Funde pias Chriſto lector amice preces.
On a Braſs in the Wall.
Edmunde Hodſon Clerk and Fellow of this Colleg died the vii of Auguſt 1580.
Who ſo thow art, with loving harte, Stonde, read and think on me, For as I was, ſo now thou art, And as I am ſo ſhalt thou be.
Epit. Will. Adkins in Artibus Magiſtri et ſocii
ſtius Collegii. •… Nolle tuum nihil eſt ad Magni velle tonantis, Jnvituſque licet nunc Gulielme jaces. Ingenio tam laetus eras quam Corpore obeſus, Commodus, et multa, non ſine teſte, fide. Nunc te Chriſtus habet, habeaſque o xte precamur Nec tibi qui Moritur deſinat eſſe tuus. Obiit xviii die Deceb Ao mdlxiiii. Cujus aie &c.
On a Braſs in the Ground.
Hic jacet R. Dene Mag. in Art, et quondam in
formator Scholarium hujus Coll. qui ob. 28 D. Maii, A.D. mcccclxxxiiii. Cujus, &c.
On another.
Orate pro aia mri Thome Beche juris Canonici bacalaurei quondam hujus Collii Socii, qui obiit mvxxxi. die vero Menſis Julii vii, Cujus aie &c.
On a blue Stone is engraven this.
Thomas Colnet LLB. bujus Coll. Socius Obiit
2 die Aprilis Anno Salutis 1679 Aetatis 79.
On a Braſs in the Wall.
Thomas Emes hujus Collegii Capellanus poſt An
nos tres et triginta Sacris hic impenſos obiit 24 die Sept. An dni 1629 Aetatis ſuae Climacterico. Innocuus multos Emuaeus vixerat Annos Jamque Senex moriens hac requieſcit humo. Nec dives nec inops qui paucos inter Amicos Quaeſitaſque bona fruge reliquit Opes.
In the Wall.
Epitaph Joh. Boles Art. Mag. Olim hujus
Coll. Socii Obiit 7 Sept. 1910.Wicchamicae cui cura domûs, cui cura peculi, Cui fuit in ſtudiis irrequieta quies, Cui corpus ſanum, cui meus validiſſima, velox Ingenium, Et multus ſed ſine felle Lepos, A Cura et Studiis nolens requieſcere vivus, Mortuus hoc tumulo quo requieſcat habet.
On a Braſs on the Side.
Orate pro aia Mri Edw. Tacham quonda Soc
hujus Collegii, qui obiit xvii die Marcii Anno D •… mccccxxiii, Cujus aie &c. •…
"Ed. Tacham, or Thacham, Vic. de Writtle, Com. Eſſex."W. Ms. N.
On another Braſs.
Orate pro aia Mri Willi Ball quondam Socii hu
jus Collegii qui obiit iiii die Maii An Dni mcccclxxi. Cujus aie &c.
Engraven on the Pavement.
Gulielmus Emes hujus Collii Organiſta, Obiit 7 Aprilis an dni 1637.
Tho Daviſon Obiit 20 Julii 1586.Hic nunc deinque Daviſone putres, Triginta Socius perennis Annos, Vivens ipſe tibi nimis ſeverus, Expirans Aliis ſatis profuſus.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Pray for the Soul of Edward . . . . . . . . .
New College of Wyncheſter . . . . . . . . . .
of Septemb. the yeare of our Lord . . . . . . . . .
On a Braſs on the Wall.
Epitaphium Thomae Geffres ſacrae Theologiae Baccalaur. olim hujus Collii Socii qui obiit 21 Aug. 1605.
Quem Chamus puerum, juvenem aula, virum recepit que Venta Senem, quem Mors hunc rapit iſte locus. Talis erat qualis cui quaeque fuere minuta, Pectoris Exceptis ingeniique honis. Muſaeo vixit, muſaeo mortem pereptus Conveniens vitae mors fuit illa ſuae.
On a Braſs on the Side.
Orate pro aia Dni Willi Clyſſe primi Capellani iſtius Capelle, qui obiit xxiiii die Menſis Marcii an. Dni mccccxxxiii. Cujus aie, &c.
"Iſtius Capellae" means the Chapel in the Mid
H. S. E.Antonius Rous A.M. hujus Collii et ſocius et Luctus ppetuus, qui prudens facilis ingenuus omni
Obiit an. Sal. mdclxxxi.bus, Amicis fidelis, Omnibus dignus, Nullius, Nifi minus vivendo, Spem fefellit.
Aetatis xxxvi.
On a Braſs in the Wall.
Epitaphium Thomae Jones in legibus Baccalaurei quondam hujus Colli Socii.
Hic jaceo juvenis primum Civilia jura Qui didici, qui idem ſacra ſequntus eram. Qui vitam Morbis variis gravibuſ peregi que Tandem per te (Mors) hoc requieſco loco. Jura mihi multum, plus pagina ſacra placebat, Nam Dum Vixit hoc Saepe in ore habuit, ſatisfuit morbis haec medicina meis. que
diu mihi vixi, ſi deo ſatis. Obiit 26 die
Sept. An. Dni 1585.
On a Marble againſt the Wall.
Depoſit. Joſephi Cox LL Baccalaurei, hujus Collii Socii, Optime meriti, quem media Aetate floridum importuna febris Amicis maerentibus abripuit. Obiit 18 die Octobris An. Dni 1680.
Over all theſe Arms, viz. a Chev. betw. three Stags attired.
Orate pro aia Thome Ryve quondam iſtius Collii Scholaris qui obiit ix die Octob. an Dni mcccccxxiii. Cujus aie, &c.
In the South Cloiſter.
Againſt the Wall is this on a black Marble in Golden Letters.
H. S. E.Joan. Chalkhill A M. hujus Collii Annos 46 So
cius, vir quoad vixit ſolitudine et ſilentio, tem perantia et Caſtitate orationibus et Eleemoſynis, Contemplatione et Sanctimonia Aſcetis vel primitivis par: qui cum a parvulo in regnum coelorum viam ſeciſſet Octogenarius tandem rapuit 20 die Maii 1679.
On a Stone on the Ground.
Hic jacet Corpus Xtophori Badger filii Ricci Bad
ger Londin. hujus Collii olim Scholaris, qi obiit 26 mar. an dni 1635.
On a Braſs.
Hic jacet Mauritius Morrys quondam clericus Capellae hujus Collii, qui obiit xxiii Jun. an. dni mcccccxxiii. cujus aie &c.
On another.
Orate pro aia dni Richardi Cole qunodam Conduc
titii hujus Collii, qui Obiit xxiii. die Deceb. an. dni mvcxix, cujus aie &c.
Engraven on a Stone on the Ground.
Mariott Stopes hujus Collii alumnus filius Jacobi Stopes S. T. B. Vicarii de Haddenham in Com. Bucks, qi Obiit et Abiit ad dnum die dominico Maii 4 An. dom 1673.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia Dni Johis Hopkyns quondam Con
ductitii hujus Collii, qi Obiit xvi die Menſis Au guſti an. dni mvcxiv. Cujus Aie, &c.
On another.
Hic jacet Dnus Johes Curtoys quondam ſocius hujus Collii qi Obiit penultimo die Januarii An. Dni. m. Quingenteſſimo Nono, cujus aie &c.
On another.
Orate pro aia Johis Fylde, qi Obiit xxiiii die Menſis Febr. An. Dom. Mill. cccccvii, cujus aie &c.
Engraven on a Stone.
Orate pro aia Henrici Hendyg quondam Socii hujus Collii, cujus aie &c.
[He died 2 Jan. 11 Hen. 6.] MS. W. N.
H. S. E. Joſhua Cooke A.M. hujus Collii Capel
lani qui obiit 8 die Febr. an. Sal. 1678 aet. 44.
On a Stone engraven.
Hic ſub marmore ſepultus eſt Thomas Welſted quem calculi icti mors proſtravit. in hac ſchola pri
mus erat, nec ut ſperamus in Caelo Ultimus eſt, quod pro Oxonio adiit xiii die Januarii An. Dni 1676 aet. ſuae 18.
On a black oval Wall againſt the Wall.
Siſte viator.Qui Lethi Calcas viam quiſquis es ex ſpartanorum Choro hic Choragus eſt tuus Stephanus Cooke L L. Baccalaureus et hujus Collii Socius, qui tantum aetatis vixit juvenis moriendo, quantum alii non de
Anno Sal. mdclxvi Aetat. xxxiv.gunt ſenes, obiit Novemb. 12, Inſequere nunc ad patriam et morere viator.
On another like the former.
H. S. E. Jonathan Cooke LLB et hujus Collii ſocius frater Stephani Cook juxta Sepult, quorum uter
circa unius luſtri ſpatium hoc in Coll. ſocii tranſegerunt, felices in hoc ambo quod in tam brevi que vitae loci ambitu tantum amoris laudis et honoris apud omnes paſſim fibi conciliarint. Obiit Octob. 5 an. ſal. mdclxxiv. aetatis ſuae. 32. que
On a Stone on the Ground.
Depoſitum Henrici Banks LL Bac. hujus Coll. ſocii in quo ad hominem abſolvendum omnibus Elogiis dignum nihil deſiderari potuit praeter vitam diuturnio
rem, quam tamen pro ſempiterna feliciter comutavit, Octob. 11. an 1672, aetat. ſuae 32.
Over all his Arms in a Croſs ingr. betw. 4 de lis.
On a white Marble Mon. againſt the Wall.
H. S. E. Audoenus Philips AM. hujus Coll. Hoſ
tiarius, de Clever. pepp. in Comitat. Wilts Oriundus, qui cum et pietatem et doctrinam quibus ipſe excel luit apud wiccamicos ſex et quod excurrit luſtra uberrime transfudiſſet, rem publicam et eccleſiam numerofiſſima prole literaria locupletaſſet, ingens in Omnibus bonis deſiderium ſui x die Maii an dni 1654 aet. 54 ſuae moriens reliquit. que
Over all his Arms Arg. a Lion ramp. ſab. chained, Or.
In the Eaſt Cloiſter
"Here was a Braſs for Rich. Bowrman, once Fellow, where now the School Boys learn in the Summer Time."
He died 1464. Ms. W. N.
On a Braſs againſt the Wall.
Gulielmus Turner hujus Coll. Clericus obiit 14 die Martii an dni 1644.
Olim Cantica, muſicae peritus, Dulci voce dediſti, et arte multa; At nunc (longe anima polis fruente) Edis dulcius haec peritiuſque.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
Orate pro aia Mri Johis Dere Artium Mri quon
dam ſocii iſtius Collii, qui obiit ſecundo die Menſis Maii an dni mvcxxxii, cujus aie &c.
On three Braſſes on the Ground near and like one another.
Orate pro aia Dni Ricardi Skynnir olim ſocii iſtius Collii qui obiit penultimo die Menſis Julii an dni mvcxiiii. cujus aie &c.
Orate pro aia Dni Johis Grewaker olim ſocii iſtius Coll. qui ob. penultimo die Menſis Julii an dni mvcxiiii. cujus aie &c.
.
"This Man is often written in the Regiſter of this College Grewaker Capellanus Conductitius."Ms. W. N.Orate pro aia dni Johis Gilbert olim ſocii iſtius Coll. qui obiit xvi Menſis Julii an dni mvcxiiii. cujus &c.
On a Braſs on the Wall.
Epita. Mri Ro. Watton ſocii hujus Coll. defunct 13 Jan. 1596.
Poſtquam tranſegi centum vel circiter annos Longa mihi ſed non curva ſenecta fuit. Languor inexhauſtos quaſſans paralyticus artus Hinc animam Caelo, tradidit oſſa ſolo.
Orate pro aia Dni Johis Taknell quondam ſocii perpetui hujus Collii, qui obiit viceſimo viii die Ja
nuarii an. dni mcccclxxxxiiii. Cujus &c.
On a Braſs on the Wall.
Epitaphium Mri Thomae Lark nup. ſocii iſtius Coll. ob. 16. Maii 1582.
Qui premor hoc tumulo dicor praenomine Thomas, Cognomen ſecit dulcis alauda mihi. Bis ſeptem Menſes, ter ſeptem preſbyter annos, Hic colui, cujus nunc ſruor, ore deum.
In the North Cloiſters.
Againſt the Wall at the End, this on a Braſs Plate.
A fronte hujus monum. fitum eſt Corpus Philippi Devereux preſbyteri nup. iſtius Coll. Capellani Con
ductitii, viri tum in Coll. quam in pauperes vere be nefici at pii. Obiit ix die Menſis Febr. An. 1578. que
Engraven on a Stone on the Ground.
Robertus Beely hujus Collii ſocius, obiit 21 Dec. An. Dom. 1634. aet. 69
.
"He was born at Gloſſop in Derbyſhire. and admitted perWood's Ms. N.petual Fellow of New College in 1586."
Epita. Georgii Flower in Artibus Magiſtri.Ecce Georgius hoc Florus ſub Marmore dormit, Floruerat, ſed flos ille caducus erat, Bis ſeptem ſocius vix hic tranſegerat annos Mors pede cum pulſat Florus ut hinc abeat. Obiit 18. Nov. an. 1578.
On another Braſs in the Wall.
Poſitum ob memoriam Jo. Scotte preſbyteri nup. ſocii iſtius Collii, Cujus corpus prope hoc mo
numentum lapide ſub Marmoreo humatum conditur, obiit vi die Menfis Decemb. an. dom 1575.
On a Braſs on the Ground.
John Gray obiit 6. Octob. 16. . . . . . . . . .
On another Stone engraven
Lancelotus White Art. Mag. hujus Coll. ſocius, obiit Apr. 17. an, dom. 1642. aetat. ſuae 40.
Lector candide ſtetur ad Sepulcrum, Albus nomine mentis albioris Orator vigil atq. paſtor, iſta eſt Artis neſcia vita pulcrioris. Defunctus jacet hàc repoſtus urna, Sanctorum ſimul repoſtus albo. que
Epita. Johes Clerke.Clauſus Johanes jacet hic ſub Marmore Clerkus, Qui fuit hic quondam preſbyter et ſocius, In terra roſeos ſolitus ſtillare liquores, In Coelo vivis nunc quo Obiit x die Menſis Julii 1571.gaudet aquis. que
On a little oval Marble againſt the Wall,
H. S. E. Georgius King hujus Collii Organiſta, qui obiit x die Menſis Maii an dni 1665 Aetatis ſuae 79.
Arms are. — —
Hic jacet Gulielmus Windham, Gulielmi Wind
ham Equitis Aurati de Orchard Windham in Comitatu Somſet. filius tertius, qui Viceſimo Octavo die Novembris in hoc Collegio occubuit 1678.
On a blue Stone on the Ground,
L.R—Arms are Chev. betw. 3 fl. delis: the Creſt a fl. de lis with a Serpent about it.
On another blue Stone on the Ground,
Hic jacet Thomas Harris hujus Collii nup. Socius, Obiit 10 die Apr. an. Dom. 1662 Aetatis ſuae 32.
Over all, a Chev. betw. three Hedge-Hogs.
On another blue Stone on the Ground,
Gulielmus Terry hujus Collii Socius obiit 19 Dec. 1657.
While he was indiſpoſed at "Locum in cimiterio in dicto Collegio ordinatum
This likewiſe appears from the outſide Buttreſſes which finiſh one Side of the Chapel; to which the Cloiſters are contiguous.Farnham Caſtle in Surrey, he directs another Biſhop "Capellam Collegii noſtri prope Winton. Necnon Altaria in eodem erecta, et locum in cimiterio [cimi
Regiſt. Wyk. part. 3. b. fol. 136. A.D. 1395. As he ſpecifies every Particular ſo minutely, he certainly would have mentioned the Cloiſters diſproper Name, had they exiſted, or even been intended.
Weſtward of the Cloiſters, on one Side of a ſmall Area, ſtands the School. Over the Entrance is a Statue of the Founder, with the following Inſcription.
M. S.
Gulielmi de Wickham,
Epiſcopi Wintonienſis,
Collegii hujus fundatoris,
Statuam hanc e Metallo conflandam
Atque heic ſumptu ſuo ponendam curavit
Ex conjuge affinis ſua
Caius Gabriel Cibberus,
Statuarius Regius
M DC, LXXXXII.
TABULA LEGUM PAEDAGOGICARUM.
- Deus colitor. Preces cum devoto animi af
fectu peraguntor. Oculi non vagantor. Silen tium eſto. Nihil profanum legitor. - Diligentia quiſque utitor. Submiſſe loquitor ſecum. Clare ad Praeceptorem nemini moleſtus eſto. Orthographice ſcribito. Arma Scholaſtica in promptu ſemper habeto.
- Qui menſam conſecrat clare pronunciato. Cae
teri reſpondento. Recti omnes ſtanto. - Intelligenter & apte diſtinguntor. In menſa quies eſto. In atrio, oppido, ad montes, ſociati
omnes incedunto. Modeſtia ac obviis honeſti oribus genua flectuntor. Capita aperiuntor. Vultus, geſtus, inceſſus componuntor. - Noctu dormitor. Interdiu ſtudetor. Solum cubiculorum verritor. Sternuntor lectuli. Munda omnia ſunto. Per feneſtras nemo in atrium pro
ſpicito. Contra qui faxit piaculum eſto. In omni loco & tempore qui plebeius eſt praefectis obtemperato. Qui praefectus eſt, Legitime imperato. Uterque a mendaciis, oſtentationi bus, jurgiis, pugnis, & furtis, abſtineto. To gam, caeteramque veſtem, nec diſſuito nec la cerato. Patrium ſermonem fugito. Latinum exerceto.—Haec, aut his ſimilia, ſiquando deferantur, judicium damus.
On the oppoſite End, with proper Decorations, is inſcribed
Aut diſce, aut diſcede, manet ſors tertia caedi.
The Foundation of this ſuperb and elegant Edifice was laid in September, A.D. 1683, and it was finiſhed June 11, 1687. We have here annexed, from the College Regiſter, a Liſt of the Benefactors who contributed to raiſe this Structure.
The original School, ſpecified as ſuch by the Founder in his Statutes, was the Room which is now called the Seventh Chamber. He calls it magna illa Domus, ſituated under the Hall.
From the School Area we paſs into the ColHarris in the Reign of Charles I. Part of this Meadow originally belonged to St. Elizabeth's College
Solum Eccleſiae
In Occiden
Tali: Parte:
Hujus: Muri
Ab: Hoc: An
gulo.
On the Weſtern Wall are theſe Inſcriptions.
In: Occidentali
Parte: hujus
Muri: Solum: Col
legi: extendit
Se
Super: Tene
mentu: Eccle
ſie Cathedra
lis Winton
46 Pedes: in
Longitudine
13: in Latitu
dine
On the Right of theſe we find the Date 1554, being the Year in which that Part of the Wall was built which includes the Additions from the Meadow, in which ſtood the College of St. Elizabeth.
From this Meadow we have a Proſpect of Catharine Hill abovementioned, on the Top of which is a Daniſh Circumvallation. To this Hill the Scholars are permitted to make Ex
Ah happy Hills! ah pleaſing Shade! Ah Fields belov'd in vain! Where once my careleſs Childhood ſtray'd, A Stranger yet to Pain! I feel the Gales that from ye blow, A momentary Bliſs beſtow, As waving freſh their gladſome wing; And redolent of Joy and Youth, My weary Soul they ſeem to ſooth, And breathe a ſecond Spring! GREY.
Contiguous to the College, on the Weſt, is a ſpacious quadrangular Building, in which the young Gentlemen not on the Foundation, who are called Commoners, live in a Collegiate Manner, under the Care of the ſecond Maſter or Uſher; a Situation which muſt be acknow
This College was founded by that magnificent Prelate William of Wykeham, Biſhop of Wincheſter, for one Warden, ten Fellows, one School
March the 26, 1387, at Nine o'Clock in the Morning, near a School in which Wykeham when a Boy was educated. The Building being compleated on the 28th of March, A.D. 1393, the Warden and Scholars made their ſolemn Entrance, at Nine in the Morning, chauntJohn upon the Hill. The Founder obtained a ſecond Charter for the Eſtabliſhment of the ten Fellows, and Officers of the Choir
SOME Writers report, that a Monaſtery was founded in this City by King Lucius, A.D. 169, which was deſtroyed in the PerſecuDiocleſian, A.D. 266Kyngeliſe, the firſt Chriſtian King of the Weſt Saxons, began a Cathedral Church, A.D. 611. which was probably finiſhed by his Succeſſor Kenwalch, and repleniſhed with Religious by Birinus, the Biſhop and Apoſtle of the Weſt Saxons, A.D. 646. Soon afterwards, viz. A.D. 660, the See of Dorcheſter, now in Oxfordſhire, was removed hither, and Wina was appointed the firſt Biſhop. But before this new Conſtitution commenced, Birinus and Agilbertus were the two firſt Biſhops of Wincheſter.
Ethelwold
Edgar, about A.D. 963, who ſubſtituted a Convent of Bene
About the Year 1079 Biſhop Walkelyne
England, paſſed with much State and Triumph from the old Monaſtery to the new one, A.D. 1093, on the Feaſt of their Patron St. Swythin; and in a moſt ſolemn Proceſſion tranſlated the Shrine of that Saint to the new Church. The next Day Walkelyne commanded the old MonaſWilliam of Wykeham, was at lenth finiſhed, as it now appears, by Fox; of whoſe reſpective Bene
Walkelyne's entire Demolition of the old Church, I am perſuaded that the low-built Iles at the Eaſt End of the Choir, exiſted before the Time of Walkelyne, and are a Part of the old Church erected by the Saxon Kings. This apWalkelyne's new Work; and, admitting that Walkelyne demoliſhed great Part of the old Church, it ſeems probable that he ſhould leave that Part of it ſtanding in which many of the Saxon Kings, and Biſhops his Predeceſſors, are confeſſedly buried. Another Evidence of this Hypotheſis are the Crypts on which theſe low Iles ſtand to this day; and which, as appears from a Latin Epiſtle in Verſe of Wolſtan
Aelphege, Biſhop of Wincheſter, A.D. 946, were conEthelwold in the Reign of King Edgar. He is ſpeaking of Ethelwold's rebuilding the Church.
Inſuperoccultasſtuduiſtis & adderecryptas.
Theſe Crypts, now remaining, if they do not prove the Antiquity of the Building they ſupWalkelyne entirely demoliſhed the old Church, and choſe a new Ground-plot for his new Structure.
There is another Circumſtance mentioned by Rudbourne
William Rufus was buried in the Choir under a Tower, which fell down a few Years afterwards, and that in the Place of it Walkelyn erected the preſent Tower. He adds, that Walkelyn did not build this Tower in his Life-time, but committed the Care of it to his Executors, who finiſhed it after his Death.
The Writer of the Epiſtle abovementioned, who lived A.D. 946, tells us that Ethelwold inLog-Pond.
—Hucque Dulcia piſcoſae flumina traxit aquae. Seceſſuſque Sic. Lacipenetrant ſecretadomorum,Mundantes F. Mu totum murmure coenobium.centes. •
This Water-Courſe is formed in a large Piece of ſubterraneous arched Stone-work. The antient
In the ſame Inſtrument Mention is made of the Courſe of the River now running through the Gardens of the Prebendaries on the Eaſt. Wykeham's Regiſter"And becauſe there is a certain Water-courſe, running from within the City of
Winton into the aforeſaid Priory of St. Swythun, through the Middle of the Dormitory, Cloiſters, ButteryLourte-borne, in which, and by which, RubWolveſy Houſe.] It is agreed that the Prior and Convent ſhall place a ſtrong and ſufficient Grate of Iron, in the outward Southern Wall"And becauſe the ſaid Prior and Convent have agreed to maintain Half the Bridge at
le Floudeſtoke in the Soke of Wincheſter over the River which runs from within the Priory of St. Swythun towards the South, and paſſes directly by the College there, commonly called Seinte Marie College of Wyncheſtre, and it's Cloſe on the Eaſt Side; alſo by the College and Cloſe of St. Eliſabeth, and its Meadow called St. Stephen's Mede, on the Weſt Side, into the large and deep River which runs from the ſaid College of St. Eliſabeth towards the Hoſpital of St. Croſs: And the Bridge, near the great Northern Gate of the Siſterhood of the Hoſpital of St. Swythun's, but on the Eaſt Side of the ſaid Gate, &c.""From the
Chapter-Houſe within the Priory of the Church of Winton, A.D. 1398."
Henry VIII. Nov. 15, A.D. 1539; who within leſs than five Months afterwards, viz. on March 28, A.D. 1540, inſtituted a new Foundation, conſiſting of one Dean, twelve PreTrinity. The Revenues at the Diſſol. 17s. 2d. the greatWilliam Baſyng, alias Kyngeſmell, who was made the firſt Dean, and died A.D. 1548.
Of the Conventual Buildings, which were transferred with the Revenues, nothing conſiderHenry VIII. or ſoon afterwards, as uſeleſs to the new Foundation; and others have given Way to modern Improvements. The principal Part, now ſtanding, is the Dean's, formerly the PriLetchmere, and of three Arches on the North
Walkelyne. Some of the Priors were interred
Godfrey, a famous Scholar in his Time, A.D. 1107, towards the Eaſt End
It is conjectured by Camden
Conſtans the Monk, Son of Conſtantine, who uſurped the Empire againſt Honorius, A.D. 408, was eduSaxon Kings; that Part, perhaps, which, as Rudborne already quoted, relates, was demoWalkelyne. The Height of the Ground hereabouts demonſtrates the Demolition of ſome
Laud's Injunctions was ordered to be removed, A.D. 1635Leland obſerves that there was a Chapel with a Carnary, at the Weſt End of the Cathedral
But the conventual Buildings ſeem to have been for the moſt Part Wolveſey, and afterMorley. But it was eviSilkeſtede's, Name cut in a Moulding of the Eaſt Window, anſwering to the Arms of the See in the oppoſite Moulding. The preſent Chapter-Houſe, being the
The principal Repairs of the Devaſtations committed by fanatic Enthuſiaſm and Ignorance, were made about A.D. 1663, ſoon after the Re Walker's Sufferings, part 2, pag. 77.—The King was proclaimed in May preceding. Cromwell's Uſurpation, retook Poſſeſſion of the Cathedral, Aug. 19, 1660"At Wincheſter the Mayor and Aldermen in their ſcarlet Gowns met at the Market Croſs, and went down to the Cathedral, where they heard a very loyal and eloquent Sermon from Mr. Complyn, Miniſter of Avington near Wincheſter. Marching thence into the High
Kennet's Regiſter and Chronic. Lond. 1728. pag. 144. See alſo Mercur. Publ. 4to. No. 21.Charles. The which ended, the Muſketeers gave a gallant Volley; then, Silence being commanded, the remaining Part of the Cathedral Singing Men, whereof Mr. Burt, a Gentleman of eighty Years of Age, was one, with the Maſter of the Choriſters, and other muſical Gentlemen, ſung a ſolemn Anthem, in a Room built on Purpoſe ſomewhat above the Mayor's Scaffold. The Words, O Lord, make thy Servant Charles our gracious King to rejoice in thy Strength, &c."
England, painted on the WinJames I. A.D. 1621, who was entertained at the Deanery; during which Time he planted a Fig-Tree in the Dean's Garden, which ſtill reCharles I. and his Queen Mary; with the Inſcription C. M. viz. Carolus, Maria, as in the Roof of the Choir of the Church.
In the Windows of the Dean's Library, which is 28 Yards long, built ſoon after the ReſtoraEdgar or of Edward the Elder, of the See, and of William Kyngeſmil, the firſt Dean. Among the Fragments is the Name of Thomas Silkeſtede, who was a Prior of the
The Precincts of the Church, called the Cloſe, are ſurrounded, on the South and Weſt Sides, by a loſty Wall of Flint, originally belonging to the Convent, Part of which alſo remains on the North Eaſt. The Communication between the Epiſcopal Palace, called Wolveſey-Houſe, and the ChurchFox appear. On the Gate beyond is inſcribed "Georgius Morley Epus, 1670."
The Dean's Garden, and thoſe of the Prebendaries, on the South Eaſt Side of the Cloſe, are extremely delightful; being watered by a Branch of the River Itchin, remarkably clear and rapid, diſpoſed in an elegant Taſte, and opened on the Eaſt to a Proſpect of the magnificent and extenſive Ruins of Wolveſey-Houſe, and other ſtriking Objects.
Wincheſter, built A.D. 1138, by Henry De Bloys, Biſhop of Wincheſter, Nephew to Henry I. and Brother to King Stephen
Morley erected near it a convenient Houſe for his SucTrelawney. The Chapel ſtill remaining is unDe Bloys's Building. The Reſidence of the Saxon Kings is by ſome conjectured to have been on this Spot; and the Name Wolveſey is ſuppoſed to be formed from the Wulphian Kings, and Eye, which ſignifies a Nook of a MeadowLeland ſays of this Palace, that the Caſtle or Palace of Wolveſey is "well touirrid, and for the moſt Part waterid about
And Camden obſerves, that, in his Time, it was very ſpacious, and ſurrounded with ſeveral Towers
After this introductory Detail, I proceed to a diſtinct Deſcription of the Church itſelf.
The Proſpect from the Weſt End of the midGothic Architecture. A judicious and entertaining Paſſage from Lowth's Life of Wykeham will here be properly introduced.
"This Ile was originally of the
Saxon ArchitecRoman; with round Pillars much ſtronger than Doric or Tuſcan, or ſquare Piers, adorned with ſmall Pillars; round-headed Arches and Windows; and plain
Edyngdon undertook to repair it in the latter Part of his Time, and by his Will ordered his Executors to finiſh what he had begun. And whether in Purſuance of his Deſign and by his Benefaction, or otherwiſe, it appears, that in the Year 1371, ſome Work of this Kind was carrying on at a great Expence. However, Wykeham, upon due Conſideration and Survey, found it either ſo decayed and infirm, or elſe ſo mean in its Appearance, and ſo much below the Dignity of one of the firſt Epiſcopal Sees in the Kingdom, that he determined to take down the whole from the Tower weſtward, and to rebuild it both in a ſtronger and more magnificent ManWilliam Winford as Architect: Simon Membury was appointed Surveyor of the Work on the Biſhop's Part, and John Wayte, one of the Monks, Controller on the Part of the Convent. As the Church of Wincheſter is ſituated in low Ground, which, without great Precaution and Expence, affords no very ſure Foundation for ſo weighty a Structure, Wykeham thought it ſafeſt to confine himſelf to the Plan of the forGothic, with pointed Arches and Windows, without KeySaracen, for ſuch was its Origin: The Cruſades gave us an Idea of this Form of Architecture, which afterwards prevailed throughout Europe. The Pillars or Piers of the old Building, which he made Uſe of, were about ſixteen Feet in Height; of the ſame Form with thoſe in the Eaſt Side of the Northern Croſs-ile: Theſe he carried up higher,
Wykeham's known Taſte in Architecture, and from the Style and Manner of his other Works in this Kind; of which we have evident Examples in the Chapels of both his Colleges, eſpecially in the Weſtern Part of that of New College in Oxford, which is remarkably beautiful. To the further Diſadvantage of its preſent Appearance, an Alteration which could not then be foreſeen has ſince happened. At that Time the Buildings of the Monaſtery covered the whole South Side of the Church, ſo that it ſeemed needleſs to be at a great Expence upon Ornaments in that Part which was like to be for ever concealed. By the Demolition of the Monaſtery this Side is now laid open, and diſcovers a Defect of Buttreſſes and Pinnacles, with which the North Side, which was then the only one in View, is properly Charles the Firſt this was pulled down, and the preſent beautiful Skreen, the Work of Inigo Jones, was erected; but no Care was taken, by an eaſy and obvious Alteration, to correct a Deformity, which was then uncovered, and ſtill continues to diſgrace the Building, in a Part which, of all others, is the moſt frequently expoſed to Obſervation. However, with its Defects, which appear thus to be owing partly to an accidental and unforeEngland, after thoſe of York and Lincoln, which excells this Part of the Cathedral Church of Wincheſter, in Great
From this Ile, by a ſtately Flight of eight Steps, we approach the Choir. The Screen abovementioned is of the Compoſite Order, and adorned on the Right Hand with a Statue of James I. and on the Left of Charles I. They are both of Braſs, and were given, together with the Screen itſelf, by the latter of theſe Monarchs. During the Civil Wars, the PreſCharles; at tempting to break off the Crown, and declaring with much malicious Triumph, that they would bring him back to the Parliament
The Stalls are of The Stone-Pulpit in the Body of the Church was probably uſed for preaching before the Reformation, as it was for many Years after. Norway Oak, and are a maſterly Piece of Gothic Spire Work, being at once elegant and majeſtic. They were erected by Prior Silkeſtede, as appears by his Name out on the Pulpit"Wykeham buildid the great Body of the Church of St. Swithun's, where now the Sermons are made, and where
Stowe's AnCharles I. from the old Screen, where it was juſtly ſuppoſed to intercept the View from the Weſt to the Eaſt End. The Stalls on the South Side are bounded by the Biſhop's Throne, erected by Biſhop Trelawney, tranſlated from Exeter, A.D. 1706. The Pediment, which is embelliſhed with a Mitre and the Arms of the See impaling thoſe of his Family, is ſupported by fluted Columns of the Corinthian Order. The Vaulting of the Roof of the Choir was executed in the Reign of Charles I. there being, before this, an Opening from the Choir into the firſt Story or Room of the Tower; on which Account the Side Arches of this firſt Story, being intended to be ſeen from below, are wrought and ornamented. We find the ſame Opening in the Tower of St. Croſs, built about the ſame Time. It was undoubtedly looked upon as a Beauty in the Architecture; and had, in ſome Meaſure, the ſame Effect, as the Louvre, or open Lantern formerly uſed in great Halls. Height of Roof in the Inſide was alſo a favourite Circumſtance in Structure of this Sort, which was produced from this Expedient in a very ſtriking Degree. The Arms and Initials of the King, with thoſe of his Queen Mary, and of John Young, Dean at that Time, are introCheney; who has left, by Will, 220l. for paving the Choir with Marble.
In the Pannels below the Stalls, under the Organ, and on the oppoſite Side are ſome MeHenry VIII. viz. the Date 1540, in which the new EſtabliſhHenricus Rex: The Arms of the Church, given by the ſaid KingWilliam Kyngeſmill, the firſt Dean, with W.K. The Arms of a Biſhop of Wincheſter
In the Area leading to the high Altar, is a plain raiſed Monument, of a greyiſh Stone, without any Inſcription, under which, William Rufus, who was killed in the neighbouring new Foreſt, A.D. 1000, is buried. This Tomb was opened by the Rebels in the Civil Wars, who ſtole from thence the Remains of a Cloth of Gold, a Ring ſet with Rubies, ſaid to be worth 500l. and a ſmall Silver Chalice.
With this Area the Preſbytery begins, which is ornamented with a Roof highly finiſhed in a different Taſte from that of the Tower, and is
Saxon Kings, Biſhops, and ſome later Princes, who had been originally buried behind the Altar or in different Parts of the Church. Theſe Remains were thus no leſs piFox, A.D. 1525. Their Names, &c. are inſcribed on every Cheſt, which the Reader will find among the Tombs and Monumental Inſcriptions.
The Aſcent to, and Area of, the high Altar, is paved with Marble, by the Benefaction of Dr. William Harris, Prebendary, and School-maſter of Wincheſter College, who dying, A.D. 1700, bequeathed 800 l. for ornamenting the Altar. The Wood Work about the Altar was erected by Biſhop Fox: But the Canopy, with its FeſInigo Jones, at the Choir-Entrance, was built, as I conjecture from C R in the Cornice.
The two Doors or Entrances on each Side ſtill remain, through which the Prieſt approached the Altar from the Sanctum Sanctorum. The
Gothic Workmanſhip, and infinitely ſuperior, in Point of finiſhing, to another of the ſame Sort in St. Alban's Abbey Church. The Niches, before the Reformation, were filled with Statues; but are at preſent ſupplied with Urns, which by ſome are thought inconſiſtent Decorations. Theſe were the Gift of Dr. William Harris abovementioned
The Screen, Side Partition-Walls, Roof of the Preſbytery, and of the adjoining Side Iles, with their Walls and Windows, were finiſhed at the Expence, or by the Intereſt, of Biſhop Fox, A.D. 1525, as appears by his Name and Arms carved in many Places. The ſame liberal Bene
It is ſaid, and from good Authority, that the Biſhop was aſſiſted in this Work by Prior Silkeſtede
Fox in improving the Church by building the Stalls, and a Chapel, about the Time when Fox began theſe AlterationsFox's Preſbytery. It ſhould ſeem that Cardinal Henry Beaufort left ſome Money for this Purpoſe, as H.B. appears on the Outſide of the South Partition Wall, and over its EnFox was advanced to the Biſhoprick.
In the Grand Rebellion, the Altar-Screen, juſt mentioned, was artfully protected from the Vio One of their Friends has recorded a moſt extraordinary Anecdote, that in the Houſes of the Prebendaries December, 1642, the Soldiers of Sir William Waller entered the Church,
"they found great Store of Popiſh Books, Pictures, and Crucifixes,"
which after a mock Proceſſion were burnt, with the Organ-pipes, in the Streets. John Vicars's God in the Mount, or England's Parliamentarie Chronicle, &c. 4to. London, 1644, p. 229.Saxon Kings, they threw their Bones againſt the painted Glaſs, which they thus deſtroyed throughout the Church
The Eaſt End of the Church is terminated by three Chapels. That on the South is adorned with a Monument of Thomas Langton, Biſhop of Wincheſter, who died A.D. 1500. The Rood-Loft conſiſts of elegant Gothic Carving in Wood; and both the Sides are finiſhed in the ſame Taſte. But the Work has been much damaged. Under the Window are ſeveral Niches for Statues. The Biſhop is ſaid to have built this ChapelHenton, the Place of his Nativity, and partly on his Name. The Inſcription "
Laus tibi Chriſte."
The Chapel in the Centre, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, was erected by Prior Silkeſtede before mentioned, and is uſed at preſent for early Prayers. His Name is on the Roof; and on the Sides, which are adorned with ancient Painting, are emboſſed the Arms of England, of Silkeſtede, of the See, a Rebus on T. Langton, viz. T.L. with a Tun, as in his Chapel juſt deſcribed, and who was Biſhop in the former Part of Silkeſtede's Priorate, for whom alſo a Tun is introduced on the Cieling. The Inſcriptions, "
The ſame Emboſſments appear on the Outſide
ad gloriam dei."Mary was married to King Philip, and the Chair in which ſhe was ſeated, during the Ceremony, ſtill remains near the Altar. It is a Miſtake Silkeſtede's Chapel. ProSilkeſtede's Name often repeated. Theſe I ſuppoſe belonged originally to the oppoSilkeſtede altered the Windows on this Side of the TranThomas Silkeſtede, as I have before obſerved. The elegant Screen of this little Chapel was at leaſt erected by this Prior; for on it is carved in large ornamented Gothic Capitals,
C HD MA S S
On the North Side of the Virgin Mary's Chapel, is a ſmall Chapel perhaps dedicated to
Michael, as the Pourtraiture of that Angel ap
About the Middle of the great Weſtern Ile ſtands an ancient Font. It is a ſquare maſſy Block of jet-coloured Marble, in which a cirSaxon Times.
In the Northern Tranſept are ſome imperfect Traces of antient Painting, ſuppoſed to repre Mention is made of a Painting in the Guy Earl of Warwick, with the Daniſh Champion before mentionedQueen's Chapel at Wincheſter. "The King to the Sheriff of Hants."—"Cauſe to be painted in the
From a Latin Record in the Queen's Chapel at Wincheſter, upon the Gable-End towards the Weſt, the Image of St. Chriſtopher, who holds in his Arms our Bleſſed Saviour."Court of Liveries, 32 Henry III. m. 7. citat. apud Stukeley, Palaeograph. Brit. No. 1. pag. 36. I preſume this was ſome Chapel in the Caſtle of Wincheſter, where the Royal Family reſided.
By Way of recapitulating what has been ſaid concerning the building this Church, I ſhall obſerve, that it contains three Stiles of ArchiSaxon, of which is the Tower, the Tranſept, and the Eaſtern Iles, for the moſt Part built, or beWalkelyne. The ſecond is the Gothic, ſimply ſo called, of which are the Weſtern Iles and Weſt Front, erected by Wykeham. The third is the ornamental or improved Gothic, which began about the Reign of Henry VI. and of which the Preſbytery, Side Iles, and outward Eaſt End of the Choir, by Fox, as well as our Lady's Chapel, by Silkeſtede, are elegant Specimens.
TOMBS AND MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTIONS.
On the South Partition Wall of the Preſbytery, the firſt Cheſt from the Altar has this Inſcription.
Edredus Rex, obiit Anno 955.Hic pius in tumulo Rex Edredus requieſcit Qui has Britonum terras rexerat egregie.
On the ſecond is inſcribed:
Edmundus Rex obiit . . . . . .Quem theca haec retinet Edmundum ſuſcipe Chriſte Qui vivente Patre Regia ſceptra tulit.
Canutus, and of William Rufus, who was interred below. This Cheſt had once this Inſcription.
Hic jacent Oſſa Cnutonis et Willelmi Rufi.
The preſent Inſcription is this.
In hac et altera è regione ciſtà Reliquiae ſunt Oſſium Canuti et Rufi Regum; Emmae Reginae, Winae et Alwini Epiſcoporum.
On the firſt Cheſt on the Outſide of the North Partition Wall.
Rex Kingilſus obiit 641.
On the Choir Side of the Cheſt.
Adulphus Rex obiit 857.
On the Outſide.
Kingulſti in ciſta hac ſimul offa jacent et Adulphi Alter Fundator hic Benefactor erat.
On the ſecond Cheſt.
Adulphus Rex obiit 754.
Egbertus obiit 837.Hic Rex Egbertus pauſat cum Rege Kenulpho Nobis egregie munera uterque tulit.
The third Cheſt formerly contained the Bones of Biſhop Wina.
Hic jacent oſſa Winac Epiſcopi.
With Biſhop Wina's were encloſed the Bones of Stigand, at firſt Biſhop of Wincheſter; afterCanterbury, A.D. 1052: and on the North Side of the Coffin was this Inſcription.
Hic jacet Stigandus Archiepiſcopus.
But at preſent this Inſcription is placed thereon.
In hac ciſtà, A.D. 1661, promiſcuè recondita ſunt Oſſa Principum et Praelatorum ſacrilegà barbarie diſperſa, A.D. 1642.
Under the ſecond Cheſt, on the South Wall, we read the following Inſcription.
Intus eſt Corpus Ricardi, Willielmi Conqueſ
toris Filii, et Beorniae Ducis.
Ethelmarus, Biſhop of Wincheſter, with this Inſcription.
Obiit Anno 1261.Corpus Ethelmari, cujus cor nunc tenet iſtud Saxum, Pariſiis morte datur tumulo.
Near the Choir Entrance in the ſame Wall is this Inſcription.
Intus eſt cor Nicolai olim Wintonienſis Epiſ
copi cujus corpus eſt apud Waverly.
On the North Side of the Wall formerly ſtood a fourth Cheſt, containing the Bones of the Biſhops Elmſtan and Kynulphus, with this In
Pontifices haec capſa duos duos tenet incineratos, Primus Elmſtanus, huic ſucceſſorque Kynulphus.
The Monument of Biſhop Alfimus was on the ſame Wall, Eaſtward from Biſhop Elmſton's, with this Inſcription.
Alfymus plumbo praeſul requieſcit in iſto.
Under Kingulſtus's Cheſt, in the ſame Wall, is this Inſcription.
Qui jacet hic Regni Sceptrum tulit Hardicanutus Emmae Cnutonis gnatus et ipſe fuit. Obiit A.D. IIIIo.
In the ſame Wall.
Alwinus Obiit 1047.Hic jacet Alwini corpus, qui munera nobis Contuli Egregia, parcito Chriſte pio. •
In the ſame Wall, within the Choir, is this Inſcription for Queen Emma.
Hic Emmam ciſta Reginam continet iſta, Duxit Etheldredus Rex hanc, et poſtea Cnutus; Edwardum parit haec, ac Hardicanutum Quatuor hos Reges haec vidit Sceptra tenentes; Anglorum Regum fuit haec ſic Mater et Uxor.
Under the Monument of Biſhop Alfimus, we read this Inſcription.
Defuncti Corpus tumulus tenet iſte Johannis Pointes Obiit Anno 1304.Sometimes called , Wintoniae praeſulis eximii.John De Pontiſſara,who built St.Eliſa's College, mentioned ſupr. pag. 15.beth
In the Wall on the ſame Side, under the Cheſt of Wina, is the Monument of Biſhop Toclive, with this Inſcription.
Praefulis egregii pauſant his membra Ricardi Toclive, cui ſummi gaudia ſunto poli. Obiit Anno 1189.
Richard Fox, Biſhop of Wincheſter, the pious Founder of Corpus Chriſti College in Oxford, under a Shrine, which is a moſt finiſhed Specimen of the improved ornaGothic. Adjoining to the Shrine is a ſmall private Oratory, built with the reſt, which he uſually frequented for his Devotion, and which is ſtill called Biſhop Fox's Study. He died A.D. 1528.
At the Eaſt End of the Northern Partition Wall is interred Stephen Gardiner, Biſhop of this See, under a Shrine of plain Architecture. He died A.D. 1555. The recumbent Figure of the Biſhop was much injured in the Civil Wars.
Behind the Sanctum Sanctorum is a traverſe Wall, at the Bottom of which we diſcern the Entrance into the Vault, where the Saxon Kings already mentioned were firſt buried. Over it is this Inſcription.
Sancta Maria et Dominus Jeſus.
Over the Entrance from End to End are theſe Names.
Kyngulſtus Rex. Kinewaldus Rex. Adul
phus Rex. Edwardus Rex Senior. S. Birinus Epiſcopus. Egbertus Rex. Aluredus Rex filius ejus. Athelſtanus Rex filius ejus.
Edredus Rex. Edgar Rex. Emma Regina. Alwinus Epiſcopus. Etheldredus Rex. S. Ed wardus Rex filius ejus. Canutus Rex. Hardi-Canutus filius ejus.
Over each Name is a well ornamented Niche and Pedeſtal. Under the whole is this Inſcription.
Corpora Sanctorum ſunt hic in pace ſepulta Ex meritis quorum fulgent miracula multa.
The Niches abovementioned ſeem to have made, or ornamented, by Fox. The Arms above are of Charles I.
In the Area, on the Eaſt Side of this Wall, is a ſumptuous and ſtately Monument, to the Memory of Henry Beaufort, Cardinal of St. Euſebius, and Biſhop of Wincheſter. His Effigies is repreſented in the Cardinal's Habit. The InGodwyn, that remained legible near two hundred Years ago.
Tribularer ſi neſcirem miſericordias tuas.
He was a liberal Benefactor to the Hoſpital of St. Croſs, near this City, as I have before ob
Oppoſite to it, and deſigned in evident ImitaWilliam Wainfleet, Biſhop of Wincheſter,
Magdalen College in Oxford. He is repreſented on the Tomb in his Epiſcopal Habit, graſping his Heart between his Hands. The Roof and Spire Work of the Shrine is perhaps ſuperior, in Exuberance of OrnaMagdalen College A.D. 1741. Hedied A.D. 1486.
Weſtward of this are the Traces of the Effigies of a Biſhop, ſaid to be St. Swythun.
Near theſe is a Monument, raiſed ſomewhat higher than the Pavement, ſaid to be that of Lucius the firſt Chriſtian King. It has no In
At the Bottom of the Steps, on the South Side of the Choir, are two very ancient Monuments; one of which has no Inſcription, the other be
Hic jacet Williemus de Baſing, quondam Prior iſtius Eccleſiae, cujus animae propitietur Deus, & qui pro anima ejus oraverit, tres annos & quinquaginta dies Indulgentiae percipiet.
His Predeceſſor may with equal Probability be the Prior here interred, whoſe Name was likewiſe William de Baſynge, and who died A.D. 1284.
Near the Stone Pulpit in the Body of the Church, we read the following Epitaph to the firſt Dean of this Cathedral.
Wilhelmus Kingſmell prior ultimus, Decanus
primus Eccleſiae . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Obiit 1548. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Almoſt contiguous is the following Inſcription.
Robertus Horne Theologiae Doctoreximius, quon
dam Chriſti caufa exul, deinde Epiſcopus Winton. pie obiit in Domino Jun. 1. 1580. Epiſcopatus ſui Anno 19.
Oppoſite to the former, upon another Marble, this Inſcription appears.
D. Johannes Watſon hujus Eccleſiae Winton. Prae
bendarius, Decanus ac Deinde Epiſcopus, Pruden tiſſimus Pater, Vir optimus, praecipue erga inopes miſ icors. Obiit in Domino Januar. 23. Anno Aetatis ſuae 63, Epiſcopatus 4. 1583. ••
Nearer the Choir is the Tomb of William of Edingdon, Biſhop of Wincheſter, with this Epitaph.
Edyndon natus Wilhelmus hic eſt tumulatus, Praeſul praegratus, in Wintonia Cathedratus, Qui pertranfitis, ejus memorare velitis, Providus & mitis, anfit cum mille peritis, Pervigil Anglorum fuit adjutor populorum, Dulcis egenorum Pater, & Protector eorum, M.C. tribus junctum, poſt LXV fit I punctum Octava Sanctum notat hunc Octobris inunctum. 1366.
He was a noble Benefactor to the Church.
Not far from the little South Door is the ſuWincheſter, the munificent
Wincheſter College, and of New College in Oxford, who died A.D. 1404. His nobler Shrine is the magnificent Ile, under which he lies entombed, and which was erected at his Expence. The Figure of the Biſhop is remarkably freſh, and well preſerved: But the Shrine was much injured by the Preſbyterians. This grand Mauſoleum is placed on the very Spot on which an Altar ſtood, where Wykeham, when a Boy, conſtantly frePekiſmaſs
Benedictine Monks; and at his Head two Angels. This Epitaph encompaſſes the Tomb.
Wilhelmus dictus Wickham jacet hic nece victus, Iſtius Eccleſiae praeſul reparavit, eamque, Largus erat, dapifer, probat hoc cum divite pauper, Conſiliis pariter Regni fuerat bene dexter. Hunc docet eſſe pium fundatio Collegiorum Oxoniae primum ſtat, Wintoniaeque ſecundum. Jugiter oretis, Tumulum quicunq videtis que Pro tantis meritis quod ſit ſibi vita perenni . •
Near the Choir is the Figure of a martial Per
Hic jacet Willielmus Comes de Inſula
Vana alias Wineall.
Beſides the Saxon Kings already recited, Ethelwulf, Edſed and Edwin were interred in this
Denewulf, E
T
among his many curious manuſcript InſerLe
's FAST. [Bibl. Bodl. Oxon. In Muſeola Bibliothecarii.] acquaints us, that he was buried at Ivinghoe, Co. Bucks, a Manor belonging to the Biſhop of Wincheſter, where he founded a Nunnery. There is a Statue in that Church, which the InIvinghoe was, or is, in the Patronage of the Biſhop of Wincheſter.
Henry de Bloys, &c.
The more modern Monuments and Inſcrip
From this Survey of the Inſide of the Church we would conduct the Spectator to the Weſt End, which is a ſtriking Specimen of the maſſy Gothic Manner. It is finiſhed with two ſmall Side Spires and a central Pinnacle, with a Niche containing an Epiſcopal Statue of WILLIAM of WYKEHAM, from whoſe ample Beneficence this venerable Pile derives its principal Mag