TIT. 1. Articles concerning religion, pray­er, and Sacraments

1. FIrst, whether be there any person or per­sons abiding in your parish or resorting thereunto, aboue the age of sixtéene yeares, that wilfully, and obstinately, refuse to re­paire to their parish Church Chappell or o­ratorie, vpon sabboth daies and Holidaies▪ and be thereby taken to be Popish or secta­ry recusants.

2. Item, whether be there any that be knowne to haue defen­ded or maintayned any hereticall opinions, contrary to the holy scriptures of God, and first foure generall counsells or any of them, and what be those opinions, and who be the authors thereof.

3. Item, whether be there any in your parish, that hath bene or is vehemently suspected, to haue bene present at any vnlawful assemblies, or priuate conuenticles, vnder colour or pretence of any exercise of religion: or doth affirme and maintaine such mee­tings to be lawfull.

4. Item, whether doth any person within your Parish, de­praue the forme of common praier, and administration of the Sa­craments, rites and ceremonies, set forth and prescribed in the booke of common praier of this realme.

5. Item whether is there any doctrine taught, published, or preached, by any person or persons directly or indirectly against the state eclesiasticall, and lawfull gouernment of the Church of England, and the consecrating of Archbishops and Bishops, and the ordering of Deacons and Ministers, after such manner and forme as is now vsed and prescribed by his Maiesties lawes within this Realme of England.

[Page]6. Item, whether be there any within your parish, that deny or perswade any to deny, withstand, and impugne the kings Ma­iesties authority and supremacie, in causes eclesiasticall within this realme.

7. Item, whether doth any person within your parish, aboue the age of 16. yeeres, refuse or forbeare thrice in euery yeare, & at Easter especially, to communicate and receiue the blessed Sa­crament of the Lords supper: And what reuerence doe the people within your Parish vse by outward gestures of their bodies, when they be partakers of that blessed Sacrament: and whether doe they reuerently kneele vpon their knées when the minister de­liuereth the same to them.

8. Item, whether doth any person within your Parish deferre the baptisme of his child, longer then vntill the next Sabboth day or holiday, after the birth thereof.

9. Item, whether hath any child died vnbaptised within your Parish, and by whose default.

10. Item, whether be the parents of any childe to be Bapti­sed, admitted to be godfathers or godmothers to the same.

11. Item, whether haue the children of popish recusants, or wilfull sectaries borne within your Parish, bene priuately bap­tised by any lay man not in holy orders.

12. Item, whether hath any person not lawfully confirmed according to the forme of confirmation, prescribed in the booke of common Prayer of this realme, béene admitted to receiue the ho­ly communion.

13 Item, whether hath any Popish recusant, after he or she hath béene conformed, repaired to Church and receiued the bles­sed sacrament of the Lords supper, once a yeare at the least, in that parish Church where he or she doe most vsually abide.

14. Item, whether doe any within your parish vpon Sabboth daies and holy daies, negligently and carelesly repaire to your parish Church, so that halfe or the most part of diuine seruice is ended before they come, and vpon light occasion depart out of the Church before prayers be done.

TIT. 2. Articles Concerning the Ministers and Prea­chers of Gods holy word.

1 FIrst, whether doth the minister of your parish Church, read the forme of common praier, in such sort as is set forth in the booke of common praier, confirmed by his Maiesties authori­ty, and administer the Sacraments with due obseruation of all rites and ceremonies prescribed to be vsed in the administration thereof, without adding altering or omitting any part or parcell of the said praiers, or innouating any other matter in the admini­stration of either of the Sacraments.

2. Item, whether is the said forme of common praier duly and orderly red in your Church, Chappell, or oratorie, vpon sabboth daies, holy daies, wednsdaies, and fridaies, and vpon holy eues and Sabboth eues.

3. Item, whether be the words of institution of the Sacra­ment of the Lords supper, vsed by the minister in deliuery of the bread and wine to euery communicant.

4. Item, whether be the words in the administration of the sacrament of baptisme, I signe thee with the signe of the Crosse, onely vsed, and noe visible or formall crosse made in the forehead of the child so baptized.

5. Item, whether is the sacrament of baptisme denied to any children borne out of wedlock, and by whom.

6. Item, whether is the forme of common prayer red vpon the 24. of March, the fifth of nouember, and the fifth of August, yearely in your parish Church: and publique thanksgiuing vsed vpon those daies to almighty God, for his Maiesties gratious succession to the royall crowne of this realme, the deliuerance of his highnesse, and the whole state from the damnable gunpowder treason, and for his Maiesties preseruation from the conspiracy of Gowry.

7. Item, whether is the statute intituled An act for a publique thanksgiuing to almightie God, &c. euery yeare distinctly red in your parish Church at morning praier, vpon the fifth day of No­uember,

8. Item, whether doth your Minister alwaies and at euery time, both morning and euening, reading diuine seruice, and ad­ministring the sacraments, weare the surplice, and doth he neuer [Page] omit the wearing of the same, at such times or at any of them.

9, Item, whether doth he catechise the youth of his parish vp­on sundaies and holidaies before euening prayer, for halfe an howre or more, in the catechisme set forth in the booke of common Prayer, and in none other: And whether doe all the parishioners attend his catechising: And whether doe any of them neglect or refuse to send their children to be catechized by him.

10. Item, whether doth your minister once euery yeare in your parish church read the booke of canons published Anno Do­mini. 1603. and whether doth he visit the sicke as by law is re­quired.

11 Item, whether doth he giue thanks for women after their child-birth in such manner as is prescribed in the booke of com­mon praier of this realme: And doth he admit any to the perfor­mance of that holy action, that doe not come hauing a decent vaile vpon their heads Matron like as hath béene accustomed heereto­fore: And whether doth any woman refuse to giue thanks in that manner after her childbirth.

12. Item, whether is your minister resiant at and vpon his be­nefice or spirituall promotion, and doth he preach euery sabboth day or monthly in his said cure, or read an homily when there is no sermon there preached.

13. Item whether is your Minister a graduate and hath taken any scholasticall degrée of bachelor or Master of arts, or batchelor or doctor in diuinity, either in Cambridge or Oxeford, and is he a preacher lawfully licensed, and by whom?

14 Item whether doth your Minister preach or teach any mat­ter publiquely in his pulpit within his parish Church, which is not agréeable to the doctrine of the old and new testament, and which the learned Fathers, and aunceient Bishops haue not ta­ken and gathered out of the holy scriptures, for an vndoubted truth?

15 Item▪ whether doth your minister side it in his preaching, by taking part with one of them that be at variance, and therevp­on preach doctrine tending to the breach of christian loue and vni­ty, and stirring vp of schisme and faction amongst his auditors, offensiuely and scandalously, and colour his schismaticall designe­ments by a secret perswasiue of his desire of peace and vnitie in the Church?

16. Item, whether doth your Minister vse alwaies to pray [Page] for the Kings Maiesty, the Prince, Clergie, and Counsell, in the forme of Prayer prescribed in the constitutions published in that behalfe, in the yeace of our Lord 1603.

17 Item, Whether doth your Minister hold any more Bene­fices with cure of soules then one, and by what dispensation doth he so retaine them?

18 Item, Whether is your Minister vehemently suspected by common voyce, publike fame, or credible report, to haue obtai­ned his spirituall promotion or benefice with cure of soules by a­ny symoniacall compact, directly or indirectly, or for any lucre or gaine to haue resigned his said Benefice or spirituall promotion▪

19 Item, Whether doth your Minister vpon light cause not warrantable by law, and vpon priuate displeasure by him con­ceiued against any of his Parishioners, repell and debarre any of them from the receiuing of the holy Communion?

20 Item, Whether hath any notorious or knowne fornicator, adulterer, scandalous person, or blasphemer of Gods holy name, béene admitted to receiue the holy Communion without publique repentance?

21 Item, Whether doth your Minister reade publike pray­ers at méete and conuenient houres, and bid holidaies and fasting dayes?

22 Item, Whether doth your Minister euery sixe moneths de­nounce in his Parish Church all such as doe perseuere and conti­nue in the sentence of excommunication, not séeking to be absol­ued: and whether hath hee admitted into the Church any excom­municate person without certificate of his absolution from the Ordinary, or other competent Iudge, vnder their authenticall seale?

23 Item, Whether doth your Minister diligently labour and endeauour to reclaime the Popish Recusants in his Parish from their errours, if there be any such there-abiding?

24 Item, Whether is your Minister familier and conuersant with Popish Recusants, or a fauourer of them, and thereby ta­ken not to be sound and sincere in Religion?

25. Item, Whether doth your Minister publikely in the Church vpon the Sabboth day next before his administration of the Sacrament of the Lords Supper, giue knowledge of it to all his Parishioners, that such as intend to communicate may pre­pare themselues for the receiuing of that blessed Sacrament.

[Page]26. Item, Whether is your Minister studious in the holy Scriptures, and abstaineth from mechanicall trades, or labour, not befitting his function, and from gaming, swearing, and drun­kennesse, or such notorious crimes?

27. Item, Is there any in your Parish who (hauing béen ad­mitted vnto holy Orders, either Deacon or Priest) doth relin­quish and forsake his calling, and liueth in the course of his life as a Laye man?

28. Item, whether hath any Laye man (not in holy Orders) read publique prayers in your Church, or churched any women, or buried any dead person within your parish?

29. Item, whether hath your Minister buried any excommu­nicate person, not absolued from that censure?

30. Item, Whether hath your Minister with any other per­sons within your Parish, vsed to méete in any priuate house, or other place, there to conferre and consult together, how to im­peach or depraue the booke of Common Prayer, or the doctrine or discipline of the Church of England?

31. Item, Whether hath any person being méerely ignorant in the holy Scriptures, not able to render a reason of his faith in Latine, nor hauing a speciall guift of preaching, béene from a manuall trade or artificer, admitted to holy orders, and to admi­nister the Sacraments, and preach the word of God?

32 Item, Whether is there any opposition amongst the prea­chers vsed publikely in matters of faith and doctrine in their ser­mons preached: And what Ministers admitted to holy orders be within your Parish, and allowed Preachers, not hauing any pa­storall charge or cure committed to them?

33 Item, Whether doth your Minister or Curate in Rogati­on wéeke, goe in perambulation of the circuite of the Parish, v­sing thanksgiuing to God for his blessing according to law?

TIT. 3. Articles concerning Lectures.

FIrst, Whether doth any person reade any publike Lecture, or expound the holy Scriptures in your Church, Chappell, or Oratorie, he being not in holy orders, and lawfully licensed for a publique Preacher according to the lawes of this Realme?

2 Item, Whether doth euery such Lecturer before his Ser­mon, or exposition of the Scriptures, reade publique Prayers in [Page] his surplice, according to the forme prescribed in the booke of common prayer of this realme, without omission of any part thereof.

3 Item, whether doth your said lecturer before his sermons, vse any other forme of prayer for the whole state of this realme, then that which is prescribed in the constitutions eclesiasticall, published and confirmed by his Maiesties authority, Anno Do­mini. 1603.

4 Item, whether doth your said Lecturer maintaine any doc­trine directly contrary or repugnant to the articles of christian faith and religion, published and ratefied, Anno Domini 1562.

5 Item, whether is any lecturer admitted to preach in your Church, that is not conformable to the discipline and gouerne­ment eclesiasticall within the church of England, but schismati­cally and phantastically affected to nouelties and innouations.

6 Item, whether doth your lecturer or sole preacher, twice at the least, euery yeare in his owne person, read both morning and euening prayer, two seuerall sundaies in the parish church where he preacheth, and at those times weare the surplice; ond twice e­uery yeare administer the Sacraments, without omission of any rites or ceremonies, that are prescribed in the booke of common prayer of this realme to be vsed at the administration thereof?

TIT. 4. Articles concerning Matrimony.

FIrst, whether hath any matrimonie béene contracted, and so­lemnized within your parish, betwixt any persons being in consanguinity or affinity within the leuiticall degrées, and by the word of God prohibited.

2 Item, whether hath any matrimony béene solemnized, or rather prophaned, secretly in any priuate house within your parish?

3 Item, whether hath the vncle married his niece, by consan­guinity, or affinitie; or hath any person successiuely maried two sisters: and who be they that haue contracted such incestuous mariages.

4. Item, whether hath any person two wiues now liuing, or any woman two husbands: and who are so voiced, noted, and re­ported to be offenders in this behalfe.

5. Item, whether be there any persons coupled together, in [Page] matrimony, that liue a part without lawfull diuorce?

6. Item, whether hath any person lawfully diuorced, béene coupled in matrimony with any other man or woman, during the life of the other person so diuorced?

7. Item, whether haue any matrimonies béene solemnized be­twixt any persons being vnder the age of xxi. yeares without their parents or gouernors consent first had and obtained?

8 Item, whether hath any person by license or without, béene maried in your Church, neither of them at that time dwelling in your parish?

9 Item, whether haue any Popish recusants or their children béene married within your parish; and in what sort were those matrimonies solemnised, when, and by whom?

TIT. 5. Articles concerning the parishioners and others of the Laiety.

FIrst, whether be there any person or persons within your pa­rish, who in your hearing or to your knowledge, haue at any time depraued by word or déede, the forme of common prayer, & administration of the Sacraments of Baptisme and the Lords Supper?

2 Item, whether haue any dwelling within your parish re­viled and abused the Ministers of Gods holy word by contume­lious words, and disgraced their lawfull mariages.

3 Item, whether haue any person or persons disorderly beha­ued themselues, in the Church or Church-yard, by brawling, quarrelling or fighting?

4 Item, whether be there any abiding within your parish, or resorting thereunto as an vsuall parishioner thereof, that refuse to receiue the Sacrament of the Lords supper administred by an vnpreaching minister, and who be they that so doe?

5 Item, whether doe any in your parish prophane the sabboth day by vnlawfull games, drinking or tippling in the time of com­man prayer or sermon, or by doing the ordinary workes of their vocations and trades?

6 Item, whether is there any within your parish, that denieth the church of England by law established vnder the kings most excellent Maiesty to be a true and apostolicall church.

7 Item, whether doe any of the inhabitants within your pa­rish, [Page] entertain in their howses any soiourners or common guests (other then his or her father or mother wanting other habitation or sufficient maintenance, or the ward of any such person, or any person that shall be committed by authority to the custody of any of them) that be Popish recusants, and refuse to frequent diuine seruice, or receiue the holy communion & what be their names?

8 Item, how long haue the said Popish recusants obstinately abstained, either from hearing diuine seruice red, or receiuing the blessed sacrament of the Lords supper, administred in the pa­rish Church?

9 Item, whether is there due reuerence and humble submissi­on vsed within your church or chappell, in the time of diuine ser­uice as by the xviii. constitution eclesiastical of this realme Anno Domini, 1603. is prescribed; whether each one in the church or chappell doe apply and order himselfe there in time of diuine ser­uice, as by the latter part of the same constitution is most com­mendably enioyned; namely that no man doe couer his head in the time of diuine seruice, except he haue some infirmity, that all doe knéele vpon their knées, when the confession and other pray­ers are read; stand vp at the reading of the beleife, and bow their bodies reuerently when Iesus shall be named?

10 Item, whether be there any within your parish that come vpon sabboth daies and holy dayes, and at other times of prayer, to the sermon only, and not to heare diuine seruice; And be there any that do not reuerently stand vp, when Gloria Patri &c. is read, and at the reading of the Gospell?

11 Item, whether be there any within your parish, that by walking or talking, disquiet your minister in reading of praiers, or in his sermon?

12 Item, Whether be there any in your parish, that doe one­ly come once a month to their parish church, to heare diuine pray­ers red, & neuer receiue the sacrament of the Lords supper?

13 Item, Whether doth any within your parish, in contempt of his owne minister, repaire to any other Church in time of com­mon prayer to heare the same red, and to receiue the sacrament; and what be there names that be so affected, and the names of the ministers of other churches, that admit those that be not their own parishioners to prayers and sacraments by him or them read and administred?

14. Item, is there any in your parish that be commonly [Page] knowne or reputed to be blasphemers of Gods holy name, drun­kards, adulterers, fornicators, incestuous persons, or concealers or harbourers of fornicators or adulterers: Haue any béen dete­cted for any such notorious crimes, or of the common & publique fame of them, and neuer performed any penance, nor giuen satis­faction to the congregation for the said offences?

15 Item, what persons testate haue died within your Parish since the first of February 1619. and whether be their last wills and Testaments proued, and who be executors of the same?

16 Item, what persons haue died intestate since the time be­fore expressed, and who doe administer the goods of the persons so deceased?

17 Item, whether haue any person or persons being dulie ra­ted in equall proportion, for the repairing of your parish Church, or for prouision of bread and wine, for the administration of the blessed Sacrament of the Lords Supper, or for any other neces­sary ornaments & vtensils belonging to your Church, that haue or doe refuse to paye that rate, or to giue satisfaction to the Churchwardens in that behalfe, and who bee they that haue of­fended herein?

TIT. 6. Articles concerning the Church and Church-yard.

FIrst, Whether haue you in your Church, Chappell or Ora­torie, the Booke of Common Prayer by the Kings Maiestie confirmed, a Bible of the largest volume, and the last translati­on, Iewels Apologie of the last edition, with the rest of his Works adioyned, the Bookes of Homilies, Erasmus paraphrase, and the Booke for speciall thanksgiuing with the Statute in that behalfe, for the gracious deliuerance of the whole state of this Realme, from the Gunpowder treason; and haue you the Booke of Ca­nons ecclesiasticall, published Anno Dom. 1603. and all other bookes by Law or Custome vsually to bee had within your said Churches?

2 Item, whether are the Ten Commandements religiously hung vp in a faire Table within your Parish Church, and the Table of the degrees of Matrimony prohibited?

3 Item, whether haue you in your Parish Church one or two Surplisses, and a Hoode faced with Taffaty or Sattin, if your [Page] Minister be a Graduate, a Master of Arts, a Batchelor or Doctor in Diuinity?

4 Item, whether haue you a decent seat for your Minister to reade publike prayers in, a seat nigh vnto him for his Clarke, and a seat for the women that come to giue thankes after their Childebirth, a comely Pulpit, with a Cushion and a Cloth for it, a decent Communion Table, with a Carpet of broad cloth, and a faire linnen cloth, a Communion cup of Siluer, and a flagon of siluer or Pewter, to be vsed at the Communion?

5, Item, whether haue you a Beare for the carriage of dead bodies to their buriall, a conuenient and decent Font with a co­uer standing in the accustomed place, & a Register booke in parch­ment, wherein be duly entred the names of all such as bee bapti­sed, married, and buried?

6 Item, whether haue you one Chest, with thrée lockes and keyes, wherein the Register booke, and other vtensils belonging to your Church be duely kept: And whether haue you one booke in Parchment or Paper, wherin be entred the names of all stran­gers that come to preach within your Parish, and their licenses therein recorded?

7 Item, whether is your Parish Church, Chappell or Orato­ry in good and sufficient reparations, not prophaned, comely and decently kept and the seates therein well maintained?

8 Item, whether be there any Pues lately built within your Parish Church, without the authority, consent and approbation of the Ordinary, and who haue so built them?

9 Item, whether haue any Pues béene taken vp which were formerly set in any other Church, and bee transferred to your Church, and there set vp, and by whom, and by what authority?

10 Item, whether is there any Church or Chappell (wherein there be a competent number of people, to the number of ten or aboue dwelling and abiding) prophaned and conuerted to any irreligious vse, by making of it a Barne, Stable, or Granary, & the Parishioners thereof not knowen to resort to any other Church, Chappell, or Oratorie, by lawfull assignation of the Ordinarie?

11 Item, whether be there in your Stéeple the vsuall and an­cient number of Bells still remaining and hanging; & by whom haue any Bells béene taken out of your Stéeple, and to what vse haue they béene conuerted?

[Page]12 Item, whether haue there béene kept in your Church any Playes, Feasts, Banquets, Church-ales, drinkings, or any other prophane vsages by laying of Drums or Guns in your Church or Stéeple, and discharging them there, and by whose comman­dement and appointment?

13. Item, whether is your Church-yard well and sufficiently repaired by a comely wall of Stone or Pale: and whether haue you a grate at the entrance into the said Church-yard, to kéepe out Swine, and other noisome beasts?

14 Item, whether be not the Graues and Monuments of the dead broken, and rooted vp by Swine in your said Church-yard: and whether be not noisome draines and priuies made and suf­fered within the said Church yard, and vnvsuall dores and passa­ges made into the same?

TIT. 7. Articles concerning Parsonage and Vicaridge-houses.

FIrst, Whether be the Houses, Edifices, and Buildings be­longing to your Parsonage or Vicaridge well and sufficient­ly repaired; and whether be any of them ruinated, wasted, and dilapidated, and by whose default?

2 Item, whether is the Chancell of your Parish Church rui­nated, and by whose default is it so decaied?

TIT. 8. Articles concerning Legacies and Be­quests giuen to godly vses.

FIrst, Whether be there any Legacies giuen in the last Will and Testament of any person deceased, out of his moueable goods, for the reliefe of the poore, or to the reparations of the Church, or to either of the Vniuersities, Cambridge, or Oxford, or to any Schoole of Learning or Colledge, for the increase of ver­tue and knowledge, or to any other charitable vse; what be those bequests, and by whom were they giuen.

2 Item, what Legacies giuen to the vses aforesaid, haue bin detained by the executor of any person deceased; and who be they that doe so detaine them?

TIT. 9. Articles concerning Churchwardens.

FIrst, Whether be the Church-wardens of your Parish chosen by the Minister and Parishioners, according to the 89. Ca­non; [Page] and whether hath any taken vpon him to bée Church-war­den being not so chosen?

2 Item, whether haue the Church-wardens béene diligent in the execution of their office, to sée decency and comelinesse kept in the Church, in the time of diuine seruice, and at the administra­tion of the Sacraments?

3 Item, whether haue any Church-wardens detained any of the Church goods in their hands, and not made a iust account of what they haue receiued and expended?

4 Item, whether haue the Church-wardens at euery Com­munion prouided sufficient Bread and Wine for the Communi­cants, and set the same vpon the Communion Table, in the pre­sence of the Minister, before he beginne the administration of the said Sacrament?

TIT. 10. Articles concerning Schoole-masters, Physi­tions and Chyrurgions.

FIrst, Is there any Schoolemaster within your Parish that tea­cheth publikely or priuately, not licensed by the Bishop of the Diocesse, or his Chancellour, and that so teacheth and commeth not to Church to heare diuine seruice, vpon daies appointed for reading of the same, and receiue the Communion thrice in the yeare at the least: Or doth hee teach any Papists or Sectaries children, that come not to Church in time of publike prayer read?

2 Item, whether doth he instruct his Schollers in the Cate­chisme set forth in the Booke of Common Prayer of this Realme, and in no other?

3 Item, whether doth any practise Physicke or Chyrurgerie, being not lawfully licensed thereunto, or created Doctor of Phy­sicke, in either of the Vniuersities of this Realme?

4 Item, what ignorant persons haue left their manuell trades, and taken vpon them to professe Physicke or Chyrurgerie, and who be they that so abuse the people?

TIT. 11. Articles concerning Eclesiasticall Officers.

FIrst, What corporall punishment inioyned for any offence of eclesiasticall cognizance hath béene commuted by any ecclesi­asticall Iudge within this dioces into a pecuniary mulct, or sum of money and how was the same money imployed?

2 Item, Whether is there not a table of fées in euery of the [Page] courts eclesiasticall within this dioces hung vp in some publique place in the court & Registry, and no other fées taken & receiued by any ecclesiasticall Iudge more or greater then in the said table are expressed.

3 Item, Whether doth any ecclesiasticall Iudge speed any iu­diciall acts priuately himselfe, and not in the presence of some publique notary or actuary?

4 Item, What presentments haue béene made for any of­fence cognizable & punishable in the ecclesiasticall courts within this dioces, & haue béene suppressed by any iudge or register, & by them with-drawne and not effectually procéeded in, according to the lawes ecclesiasticall of this realme?

5 Item, whether doe you know any person inioyned by iudi­ciall decrée or sentence in court to doe publique penance for his sinne, or excommunicate for not doing the same, that doth still by conniuencie or fauour of the Iudge, or Register of that court, where the said penance was inioyned, still continue winked at & vnreformed?

6 Item, What numbers of apparitors be there to your know­ledge within the Arch-deaconry wherein you liue; and whether haue any of them vnder colour & pretence of their office and au­thority committed vnto them, cited or summoned any person vn­lawfully; and wrongfully troubled him, or for the concealing of a­ny offence or sinne, and for the auoiding of punishment in the of­fenders, haue taken any rewarde or guift, or otherwise delt cor­ruptly, and who be they that haue so offended?

7 Lastly whether haue you without affection of loue or hatred to any person, presented and detected all offenders mentioned in the precedent articles, knowne to be delinquents either in truth, or by their owne confession, or by lawfull proofe, or by common fame, and report: And whether doe you know any other matter of ecclesiasticall cognizance, worthy the presenting in your iudge­ment, which is not héeretofore by you presented?