VVHen this Parliament was called (after several unhap­py breaches of some former) we comforted our selves [Page 2]with a hope of a redresse of all our grievances, and we made choice of you for our Knights, Citizens & Burgesses, to serve for us there, and we did put our confidence in you, and beleeved that you according to our trust without any by respects, would have studied onely the peace and good of the Kingdom, and we can­not be yet out of hope, but that ye will performe in the end.

But you must not take it amisse, if as persons grieved, we tell you where our griefes lie. And to prepare our Cure the better, we must desire you to call to your remembrances.

1. That we are still the true body of the Commons of Eng­land; you, but the representative.

2. That wee have not so delegated the power to you, as to make you the governors of us and of our estates, you are in truth but our Procurators, to speake for us in the great Councell.

3. That in right we ought to have accesse to those whom we have thus chosen, and to the whole House, as there shall be cause to impart our desires unto you, and you ought not to re­fuse us.

4. That by involving our votes in yours, we had no purpose to make you perpetuall Dictators.

5. That we never intended, that you should have that lati­tude of power as to imbark us all in a Civil War, to the destru­ction of us and our posterities.

6. Much lesse had we a thought, that by any your votes ye would or could draw us into any Acts of disloyalty or disobe­dience against our naturall Leige Lord, to whom by the lawes of God and man, we doe owe and will pay all allegiance and fi­delity.

Wherefore, we must claim this freedome which belongs unto us, as free-borne Subjects, and as persons interessed in the good and safety of this Kingdome, as well as your selves, that ye will speedily take those things into your wise and Religious Consi­derations, which belong to our peace, and which we out of the deep sence of our present miseries, and of the apparent ruine of us all (if not timely prevented) do now offer unto you.

None of which shall be any new fancies, or dreames of di­stempered braines, but shall be such as have their grounds upon apparent truth, and a cleere evidence.

For first, we doe professe to all the world that wee are resol­ved with our lives and fortunes to maintaine the true Pro­testant Religion established by the Laws in this Church of England. To maintain our well setled Government under a Monarchie, according to the knowne Laws of this Land. To maintaine the just libertie of our persons and Property of our Estates, acording to the Rule of those Laws. To maintaine the just priviledges of Parliament, without which our Laws can hardly be continued.

And in the asserting of these, we beleeve we have the concur­rence of both the Houses of Parliament, for such have been their daily Protestations from time to time.

And for the Kings Majesties Opinion herein; he hath by ma­ny declarations, solemne protestations and religious vows, be­fore God and Man, declared himselfe so fully and so freely, that it is his unchangeable Resolution to live and die in the maintai­nance of all these, that we hold our selves bounden in reverence to his person, and in Christianity, to beleeve that he will faith­fully performe his word with his people.

And we have this further assurance thereof, in that he hath de­scended so low from his Throne, as to acknowledge some er­rours which have slipt him in his by-past government, and to undertake not to give way to the like hereafter.

We wish with all our hearts, that you would with the same ingenuity acknowledge your errors also, and amend them; so might we soone (by Gods blessing) have our peace restored again, and by your industries made a happy Nation.

Let us then cleerely and freely expresse in what things wee finde our selves grieved, which have beene voted, ordered, and acted by you during this Parliament, whereby the cure inten­ded is become worse then the disease under which we formerly languished; and we must with as much clearnesse and freedome protest against them, if they be not speedily reformed and re­medied.

The particulars are these.

1. That under the colour of advancing the true Protestant Religion, encouragement is given to Anabaptists, Brownists, and all manner of Sectaries, which multiply in every Corner; which must be reformed, or our true Religion is lost.

2. Under the pretence of hatred of Popery (which we also detest, as far as their superstitions & idolatrous tenets are incon­sistent with the true reformed Protestant Religion) the book of Common-Prayer (which is established by Law) is cryed down by many, and all decent orders in Gods outward worship; and every man left to the dictate of his private spirit: but let the Laws against Papists and Sectaries (the two extreams) be put in due execution, we shall thank you for it.

3, Under the colour of regulating the Ecclesiastical Courts, and taking away the High Commission Court, all spirituall Ju­risdiction (for the coërcive part thereof, which is the life of the Law) is taken away, so that now no heinous crimes, in­quirable by those Courts, as Adultery, Incest, &c. can be pu­nished: No Heresie or Schisme reformed: No Church can be inforced to be repaired: No Church-office [...] ▪ as Church-War­dens, &c. are compellable to take upon them their offices, or performe their duties, no not to provide Bread and Wine for the Communion: No Parsons or Vicars can be inforced to at­tend their Cures, or to give satisfaction for the paines of them who doe: No Tithes can be recovered by their Law, nor other Church Duties. We beseech you think what will be the end of these things at the last.

4. Under the name of reforming the Church Government, ye endevour to take away the function, and very being of Church-Governours, as Bishops, and their Assistants the Deans & Chap­ters, so to take away the preferments of learned men, and the en­couragements of learning: In the name of God let the abuses be taken away, but not the good uses also.

5. For the rectifying of matters amisse in Church Discipline, and some things in Doctrine also, (as is pretended) an Assembly of Divines is propounded to bee convocated and consulted [Page 5]with: the matter is right, but the manner is surely amisse, and so wee are likely to lose the benefit of the substance for the er­rors in the circumstance; which is, That in this intended Con­vocation, the Divines are not nominated by Divines, who can best judge of their abilities (which is the legall way) the grea­test part of those who are named, are knowne or justly suspected to be persons ill disposed to the peace of the Church, and addi­cted too much to Innovation; you your selves (being all Lay­men) are to be the onely Judges of what shall be propounded, and what determined; the Divines but your assistants, and the King is totally to be excluded from having any Voice or hand in it: And (as it is propounded) this is to be a perpetuall Con­vocation, if the Houses of Parliament so please.

6. Under the colour of freedome of Preaching, seditious Sermons are preached daily, even in the hearing of many of your selves, who traduce the Kings sacred Person, slander His Government, and in expresse termes, encourage the maintaining and continuing of this unnaturall and unchristian civill Warre, and yet none are punished for it; which makes us feare that this is, and long hath been made by some, to be the the principal engine to kindle this fire of hell, to the just scandall of all good men, & slander of our Religion, this doctrine comming so close to that of the Jesuites.

7. And divers worthy, learned, and painfull Preachers have been committed to prison by you for delivering their conscien­ces freely and religiously, and preaching obedience to their So­veraigne. These things we observe unto you, as tending main­ly against the maintaining and propagation of the true Prote­stant Religion.

Touching that part which concerneth the maintaining of the Laws, we shal observe also some things unto you, wherein your own practice differs much from your professions: a preposterous way to perswade us, or any other by-standers.

1. Ye assume that power to your selves, that ye by a bare Vote without an Act of Parliament, may expound or alter a known Law; whereas the Commons house formerly assumed [Page 6]to themselves no such power, but in order towards the making of a new Law: nor did the House of Peeres chalenge any such thing: But they having the power of Juarcature, as Judges they proceed according to the rules of the known Lawes, and upon their honours are answerable for the justnesse of their Judge­ments, as other Courts are upon their oathes.

2. You make your own orders and ordinances to be as Laws, and compell them to be observed, and with a stricter hand which may binde the members of your House in their priviledg­es, but have not, nor ever had the force of Laws, untill by both Houses and the Kings consent they were confirmed.

3. And for your own observation of the Laws of the Landye take your selves to be so far above the reach of them, that by your orders and ordinances ye enjoyne the Judges and Ministers of justice to forbear (contrary to their oaths) to proceed in their or­dinary courses, where ye please.

4. Ye make an Ordinance to put the Militia of the Kingdom into such hands as ye please, and shall confide in, and this with­out the King, and expressely against His Command.

5. Ye possesse your selves of the Navy Royall, and appoint Admiralls and other Officers by Sea without the King, and use those ships against the King himselfe.

6 Ye take the Kings Castles, Forts, and Ports, the places of greatest strength in the Kingdome, and keepe them against the King himself, as Hull, and Portsmouth, and Windsore Castle; and these three last actions appeare to us to have beene done by De­fine, for

7 The pretence at first was for the preservation of the king­dome, against some forreigne Enemy; but when none appeared in many monethes, (and we now beleeve none such in truth e­ver were) a warre for the Parliament, against the King himself was raised for the preservation of the King.

8 And those who refuse to joyne in this warre with you, or to contribute unto it, with giving or lending of money, horse, armes &c. ye proscribe as Malignants, and persons ill affected to the Common-wealth; although we see not how it can be lesse [Page 7]then Treason against the King to joyne with you therein.

9 But to all those who are your Commanders or Officers of your Army, ye give large and even profuse entertainments and rewards; but out of our purses, who give you little thankes for it. Thus much may suffice to give a taste how the Laws are and are likely to be maintained in the course we are now in.

And for the Liberty of our persons, and Propriety of our E­states, we shall say a little in the next place, and by a few parti­culars judge what we may hope for therein.

1 Ye take the Kings Treasure, ye intercept his revenue, pos­sesse his houses of accesse, and all these for his own service; & if any attend him or assist him, they are condemned as Malignants, Popish, evil Counsellors and Enemies to the State.

2 Ye have by messages endeavoured to perswade our Bre­thren of Scotland to joyne with you in your Rebellion against your Soveraigne, and this was not done by some private men a­lone, but ordered by the Votes of your House.

3 Ye condemne the Rebells in Ireland (and that very just­ly) for their horrid rebellion there, and yet your selves doe greater and more horrid acts of barbarous hostility against your King, even in his own person, in England: and when yee have beene charged with it, ye would excuse it by saying, that it was not your fault, but the fault of the King himselfe, and of the Counsellors and Cavaliers about him, that he went him­selfe in person into the battel, which he did with that magnani­mity and Kingly courage, as will adde to his honour and your shame whilst the world endureth. Thus your action is become odious to God and Man, and your excuse for it ridiculous.

4 And as if ye had shaken off all subjection, and yourselves become a State independant, ye have treated by your Agents with forreigne States: Such an usurpation upon Soveraignty as was never yet attempted in this Kingdome.

5 Ye command your owne orders, ordinances, and Declara­tions to be printed & published cum privilegio: But if any thing come from the King, which may truely informe and disabuse the people, ye forbid those to be published, and commit them to prison who do it.

6. That monies advanced by gift, or adventure, or act of Parli­ament, and souldiers prepared for Ireland to reduce the Rebels there, ye have from time to time diverted to maintaine this un­naturall Warre in England; so ye doe visibly loose the Kingdome of Ireland, that ye may be the better enabled to loose the King­dome of England also.

7. Ye have shewed your selves so adverse from peace, that ye have voted there shall bee no cessation of Armes, lest by a free treaty a peace might ensue; This is your carriage towards the King himselfe.

And lest ye might be accused to be juster to the subject then ye are towards your Sovereigne, these things ye have done to the subject also.

1. Ye have made an Ordinance that the twentieth part of mens estates must be payed towards the maintenance of this Rebellion, and ye appoint those who shall value that twentieth part; and why by the same reason ye take not the tenth part, or the one halfe, we see not; and for the levying of it, ye ordain your Collectors shall distraine for the sum assessed, & sell the distresse; and if no distresse can be found, the persons of these notable of­fendours are to be imprisoned, and they and their families bani­shed from their habitations.

2. But lest this should not have the colour of Law suffici­ent to blind the world, ye have lately made an Ordinance for the Inhabitants of the Counties of Northampton, Rutland, Derby, &c. to pay and be assessed (by Assessors named in your Act) in imitation of the Statute lately made for the 400000. l. and this, as is probable, shall in convenient time be extended to the whoe Kingdome: so ye first cast your selves into a necessity to get money, by making an impious war upon your Sovereigne, and then out of that necessity ye compel your fellow-subjects (who abominate the war) to maintain it.

3. And yee have yet a shorter and a surer way; where yee understand there is any Money, or Plate, or Goods to bee had, ye send a Party of Horse or Dragooners, or other strength, to fetch it as out of an enemies Countrey, because the owners are good Subjects to the King, or you suspect them to bee so; and [Page 9]that alone is crime sufficient to apprehend them, to judge them' and take execution upon them, and all this without the Cere­mony of Law, by your absolute and omnipotent power, which cannot erre.

4. You discharge Apprentices and Servants from their Ma­sters services, without consent of their Masters and Dames, and either perswade them or compell them to serve you in your Army against the King: This is indeed the Liberty of the Sub­ject.

5. Ye have imprisoned many for petitioning unto you, (as if that alone were a crime) if the matter of the Petition do not flatter you in your present courses.

6. And others ye have imprisoned, some for petitioning, and some for intending to petition to the King, (as those Gen­tlemen of Hertfordshire and Westminster) And yet God be prai­sed, the way is open to petition to him in heavne, and he will heare us in his good time.

Lastly, for your Priviledges of Parliament.

1. First, ye forbid us to dispute them, ye alone are (as yee say) the Judges of them; but in former ages those also might be and have been judged by the Laws of the Kingdome; onely of offences committed by your own Members against your House, of these ye are the proper Judges; and of the elections of your Members.

2. Yet these we conceive under your good favours, are to be thus confined, that every Member of your House hath and ought to have as free liberty as any of them, to deliver his opi­nion upon any emergent occasion, and not to be committed, as some have beene,—or put out of the house, as others have been, forspeaking freely against the sence of the House, or rather of some members thereof.

3. The priviledges of your House were never challenged till now, to extend to any Member which should commit Trea­son, or Felony: but ye have now declared that no Member of the House, nor any others imployed by you in this horrid Rebel­lion, should be questioned for Treason, but in Parliament; or at least by leave of the House.

4. Ye have made a close Committee (as you call it) where­in a very few Members of your House onely are privy to your Counsels, and what those few conclude upon, is summatily re­ported to the House, and that taken upon trust by an implicite faith of all the rest.

5. Many of the present Members of your House have had their elections questioned, but if they incline to those positions which ye lay downe to your selves to uphold your tyrannicall and usurped Government: ye are so busied in the great affaires of State, that in two yeeres space (for so long and longer yee have continued this Parliament already) yee have no leisure to deter­mine those questions, lest you should loose such a one from your party.

6. Sometimes when a matter of importance hath beene in debate, ye have put it to the question, and upon the question it hath beene determined, and the same question againe resumed at another time, better prepared for the purpose, and determi­ned quite contrary; this we are well assured was not the Pri­viledge of former Parliaments, when many of us were Mem­bers thereof.

We do beleeve ye have many just Priviledges for the free­dome of your persons, for freedome of speech; but we never did beleeve that ye had a Priviledge to take the Scepter into your hands, to levy a Warre against your King, and to compell others to joyne with you in so execrable an act. Wee wish from our hearts that all these Observations were but fables and fictions, (as we have met with many from you to amuse us) but they are all undeniably true; our conditions therfore are most miserable, when thus instead of maintaining the true Protestant Religion, the Laws of the Land, the just Liberty and proprie­ty of the Subject, and just Priviledges of Parliament, they are all of them radically and fundamentally destroyed, and that by you, whose duties and professions are daily to the contrary, And if any thing can be added to our misery, it is this, that we cannot see through the time, when this intolerable yoke of slavery which ye put upon your fellow subjects, shall have an end, seeing by the art of a few yee have contrived an Act, [Page 11]whereby ye have perfidiously over-reached both the King and people, to make this present Parliament to be perpetuall at your pleasures, that so your arbitrary power and tyranny over the Kingdome, might be perpetuated.

Yet one thing more may be added to our unhappinesse.

Fuisse foelices, We were lately a happy people, and are now on a sudden reduced to such a depth of unhappinesse, that we are made a spectacle to the whole world, and the very object of their scorne: For,

We are (before we were aware of it) cast in a Warre, a ci­vill Warre, an irreligious and barbarous Warre, against our So­veraigne, our naturall Liege Lord.

We are put into an inevitable way of poverty.

By being wasted in all quarters and corners of the Kingdome one by another:

By loosing our commerce at home, it being intercepted by the Armies, and almost no depts paid, occasioned specially by the priviledges of your Members, and such as ye priviledge:

By loosing our trade abroade, it being cast into the hand of strangers.

We loose our season for tillage and husbandry, which must of necessity introduce a Famine; and Famine doth but usher in a Pestilence: And Warre, Famine, and Pestilence, are the three great and fearefull Judgements of God upon a Nation.

Nothing can redeeme us out of their calamities, but a speedy Peace; and to prepare it, a cessation of Armes: And then by good Lawes, as ye have already happily begun, to amend what is or hath beene amisse, without plucking up the foundations of Government.

We beseech you therefore at the last, to lay aside your affe­ctions, and in your judgements to provide for us, and for your selves, and for the honour of our religion, the peace of our consciences, the preservation of our lives and estates, and for the salvation of our poore soules, to have pitty upon us, bind up our bleeding wounds, cure the distractions of the time, and make up the breaches betweene the King and people, occasio­ned onely by a mis-understanding.

And if these our Petitions, or Complaints, or Remonstrances (call them what ye will) may prevaile with you, wee doubt not, but that the King of His grace and goodnesse will be in­treated to bury all your by-past actions in an act of oblivion, that neither the present age, nor the ages to come, may to the shame of this Nation, have cause to remember what hath hap­pened here in this last and worst age of this world.

But if all this, and all which is your great judgements yee can adde unto it, shall not move you; We doe and shall pro­test to all the world, that with the hazard of our lives and for­tunes, and of all we can call ours; we shall endeavour to vin­dicate our selves from these inhumane courses. Sed meliora speramus. We hope for better things.

And we shall incessantly pray to God to perfect our hopes, by blessing your Counsels.