I Shall speak so much touching the cruel, inhumane, treacherous, perfidious; yea, unnaturall practises of the Spaniards, in these parts, and elsewhere, which may sufficiently delineate him in his deserved colours, that whosoever beholds him may mourn to see this Hazael so to tyrannize over the innocent, & that the Lord should permit, and the earth beare such an unheard of monster: yet notwithstanding much more might be added in sundry other particulars, as the Dutch Chronicles mention, and other Writers have wel set out: amongst which, although I my selfe be a stranger by Nation to them; yet since the time of my aboad here, having attained some understanding in the Language, I have thought fit to speake so much, which in my reading I have observed.

First, thou art to understand, gentle Reader; that the King of Spain was loving­ly received here in the 17. Provinces, and a solemn oath was taken on both parts; the King for his part swore to maintain all their Lawes & Priviledges, and they to him all due homage & allegeance: He presently demanded of them a summe of mo­ny, whereupon the States did assemble, and collected for him 40. millions of Flo­rines, of Brabants money, to be paid in 9. years, and they paid it into the Exche­quer, and although it was more then they had paid before to his predecessors, yet upon this he tooke great displeasure against them, and, as they write, he for this did hate them to death.

But he pretended this to be the cause of his wrath, because he saw that there were some among them, that did defie the Pope and all his Religion: but that could not be, for the City of Aelst was as superstitious in that Religion as Rome it selfe; for they did persecute the Reformed Religion even unto death: and yet for all that both they, and 170. fair Villages that belonged unto them, were by them plunde­red and spoiled of all their goods, and many of them wounded and tormented for to confesse where their money was, and many were killed. Thus much by the way.

My scope and chiefe intent, is to shew the first and just cause of the wars in the Netherlands; whereby the diligent Reader (not partially affected) may clearely understand, that the Netherlands did not rebelliously take up Arms against a law­full Prince, (as some ignorantly thinke and speake) but justly and religiously de­fend themselves against a perfidious Tyrant who sought their ruine, by all possi­ble meanes he could, and the subversion of the whole State. A long while they pa­tiently underwent his cruell oppressions, and intolerable vexations, as the Histo­ries clearely manifest; till there was no hope, but either they must become slaves in soule and body, worse then that of Israel in Egypt, they and theirs for ever, or else be butchered by mercilesse executioners of a cruel Tyrant. This Tyrant having a purpose to innovate all things, to root out ancient inhabitants, and to frustrate all [Page]the Laws, Customes and Priviledges which himselfe had sworn to maintain; knew not how better to effect his evil ends, then by raising a bloody Inquisition to set over them for their government;The Inquisition was there fou [...]e yearesefore. which said Inquisition (raised in Spain) con­cluded and pronounced certain Articles, the tenth of February 1568: which were confirmed by the King, the 26. following. Now because it may appeare I do them no wrong in this charge; I will lay down the Articles themselves verbatim.

The most sacred Office of inquisition, so often attempted in the Netherlands by his Majesty, and hindered untill this time, shall be instituted and advanced in this [...] with [...] [...]hole administration of the Nethe [...]lands.

2 That the Emperour with his two sisters, having given over all affaires, lea­ving the Netherlands, shall retire into Spaine unto Vs, being assured that they shall never returne more to doe any harme.

3 These being dispatcht, we must also draw the King to us, and keep him for ever that he part not, and not suffer any Flemings to have accesse or conference with him.

4 That the King write unto, and command the Clergie of the Netherlands, that with the Inquisition they should accept of 15 new Bishops, the which should be free from all secular jurisdiction, yea in cases of treason.

5 The subjects of the Netherlands through their malice & waywardnesse, will revolt and move seditious and tumults, pleasing to all but our companie.

6 The Princes and Noblemen, heads and authours of those factions, with the subjects, must be taken away, and the others reduced unto reason.

7 They shall hire at our charge theeues and spoilers of Churches and Images, whose offences shall be by all the world imputed to Rebels, by some subtill meanes, and so we shall vanquish them.

8 That all Comerce, Negotiation, Liberties, and Priviledges, shal be rooted out, & that all be reduced to extream povertie, wherby the realm shal be permanent for Vs.

9 No man of all those Countries (except he be of our faction) shall be held wor­thy to live; and finally all to be rooted out: and all Goods, Possessions, Arts, and Trades, and all Orders to be taken away, untill there may be a new Realme, and a new people.

10 In this action the wise and valiant Duke Alva shall be imployed in person; whereas any other, were he of the blood Royall, or a Prince, shall be of no esteeme: so as being suspect yea in the smallest matters, they must be dispatcht.

11 No Contracts, Rights, Promises, Donations, Oathes, Privileges, and solemne Assertions of the Netherlands, shall bee of any force for the inhabitants, as being guiltie of high treason.

12 But above all we must have an especial care that in these matters of so great weight and moment, we proceed not violently, but by meanes, by degrees, and that discreetly, to the end the Princes, Nobilitie, and inferiour sub [...]ects may mutinie a­mongst themselves, so that one may persecute, yea execute the other untill at last the hang man be executed himself. For in all Christendom is there not a Nation more foolish and indiscreet, and whose levitie and inconstancie may sooner be deceived then these Netherlanders, and God punisheth them accordingly.

There were other Articles found in president Vergaes chamber at Antwerpe and there printed; and those are more cruell then these, but not more subtile.

By these Articles & unlimited power of these lawlesse inquisitors, no man had any assurance of life or goods for a day, but were indanger continually to be called in­to [Page]question, either for the Law of their God, or for some work of mercy, which ei­ther religion, morall equity, or the bond of nature called for: or else if they had colour for none of these, they would impose such unreasonable taxations, which if the Cormorants had not their gorges crambed full, they would make prey of all, whether by right or vvrong it mattered not. But my purpose being to avoid prolix­itie, and to passe by impertinences and needelesse repetitions, I will come to that [...] intended.

In the yeare 1565. a match was concluded for the Prince of Parma, and the nuptials were solemnized at Bruxels, whither all the Nobility and Gentry of the countrey were invited, and accordingly there met of them about 400. who like faithfull Moses being grieved to see the daily oppression of their brethren by the hard task-masters of the Inquisition, who not onely robbed them of their goods, but also by inhumane cruelty, and unnaturall butchery, deprived them of their lives, who daily led them as sheep unto the slaughter: The consideration hereof they joyntly layd to heart, and hereupon (being met upon this occasion) they re­solved to present a petition to the Princesse of Parma, which they did the 5. of Aprill next following. The E. of Breedrod delivering the Petition,The substance of this relation is not unsutable to these times. humbly requested a favourable answer. Three dayes after they received this answer, viz. they should send two of their Nolbemen to the King, by whom she would write in their behalfe. The Lord of Barlamont being present, after their departure said (like a flattering Courtier) they were a company of Rascalls and Beggars.

It was concluded that the Marquesse of Bargen, and the Lord of Mountigny should go into Spain, who humbly presented their suit to the K [...]ng, but could get no answer in 16. moneths after.

The 26. of August Anno 1566. the Princesse of Parma sent for the Gentrie, telling them she had received Letters from the King, containing promise that all should be well, and that the inquisition should cease. And for the Proclamations they should not be of force, but his Majesty would take such order as they and the States should well like of. The Princesse also gave them tolleration for their Re­ligion, on condition they should not deface, nor breake downe the ornaments of the Churches: for, there had beene before this time vile and leude persons that frequented the meetings of the Reformed; these went into the Papists Churches, stole their silver and what was worth carrying away, and brake downe their Ima­ges: but the reformed suspected that this was done by the appointment of the Princes, neither was their suspition without good ground, for it is to be seene in the Kings let­ter, Art. 7. that she had order to hire this rascall company to doe this vilany,Emanuell de Miter saith, that in Flan­ders they tooke 50. of them at one time, and hanged 22. and whipped the rest. which fact was imputed to the Protestants, to the end that they might not onely be odions there, but also seeme guilty, even in the judgement of other Nations, howbeit the offenders were punished with imprisonment, yea, with death, even by the reformed themselves, who joyntly confessed the action unlawfull, and were so far from giving occasion of offence in this nature; that Papist burgers themselves offered good se­curity, that no such thing should be attempted by them. Who then can make any doubt that they were free from having any hand in those outrages laid to them? the very opposites in Religion being judges, who as appeares were willing to un­dertake for them; now as their faithfulnesse brought so good effect for their per­sons, so did the Lord worke that the truth of religion found many friends likewise, the Lord wonderously prospering the course of reformation, in so much that in short space they had in Flanders 60. Ass [...]mblies, some Churches they themselves builded, but were by Duke d Alva soone cast downe, who erected Gallowses of them, and hanged them upon them,

The Princesse of Parma also began to entertain soldiers with pretence to appre­hend the Church-robbers, but intended indeed to take away the ancient liberties and priviledges of the Netherlanders, wherefore sending certain Companies to Va­lencyn, the inhabitants denyed them entertainment, who for that vvere proclaimed Rebels the 14. of December, soone after they were besieged, sacked, and many of them put to death.

He preten­ded it for Religion, but his aim was to get their lands & goods.But before they of Valencyn denyed entertainment to the souldiers, the Nobili­ty had received letters out of Spain, from the Marquesse of Bargen, shewing, that the King vvas exceedingly incensed against the Netherlanders, that he had in he presence of many vovved to be fully revenged of them, though it vvere vvith the hazard of all his Countries; that hee vvould make them an example to all the World, and vvould invite the Pope and Emperour to assist him in this quarrel. Vp­on the receit of the Letters the Nobility assembled at Dortmond to consult vvhat vvere best to be done, but concluded not any thing, some judgeing it safest to joyn, and make head to resist his tyrannicall fury, others seeking rather to escape by flight.

As the Grau of Egmond, and the Grau of Horn, and many of the Gentry at Brus­sels, 1568.The cruelty of this Inquisition did notwithstanding increase, and many soul­diers came into the Countrey, that some of the Countrey forsook their houses, and resorted towards Freezeland, and some did stay at home, and went to meete Duke Alva, and welcommed him into the Countrey, and shewed him all the kindnesse that they could, but he very shortly tooke off most of their heads, so that he did so terrifie the inhabitants, that there fled out of the countries more then 100000. householders, besides many that were taken in flying, were taken and hanged, and all these had their goods confiscated to the King.

Now the D. of Alva did command all the inhabitants to pay the hundreth peny of all their goods, and of all that was bought and sold, the which some of the States did yeeld unto: And then he commanded them to pay the twentieth peny: and then he commanded the tenth peny of all things that were bought and sold,The like taxations, though in another manner, have been practiced here before the Parl. so often as they should be sold. Some of the States did make their humble Petition to the Duke, and to the Princes, shewing them that it would drive all trading out of the land. The Duke of Alva told them that he would have it, though it did ruinate all the land: but if he saw them to doe their best to pay it, he would deale favourably with them. But he said that it was against the Kings honour if they should not pay it, seeing it was his pleasure to require it. And now did the Inquisi­tion imprison and execute many of the richer sort, as well Papists as of the re­formed Church: and if they were rich there was no escaping for them. And who­soever was found to have any hand in way of suit and petition to have the tenth peny to be remitted,Al the pri­sons were filled, in­somuch as they were forced to prepare more, and filled them also. they were adjudged to have committed high treason against God and the King; and all these must forfeit life and goods to the King, and not any of their children to enjoy one peny worth of the same: but (poore Orphanes) they must beg their bread. And somewhat had been buryed certain months, they caused to be digged up, and hanged on the gallows, and some to be burned, be­cause they had not the sacrament, and confessed before their death; but it was be­cause he would confiscate their goods to the King: yea when these insatiable gold-thirsty and bloud-thirsty wretches wanted colour to cover their injustice and cru­elty, they had their officious imps (false witnesses) suborned by Jesabel, to get Naboths vineyard; vvitnesse Martin Hutton, vvho vvas one of the Inquisitors Clarks, and (being committed to prison) did acknovvledge that he had made many false testimonies against sundry rich persons, some vvere of the reformed Church. Here might fitly be brought in the hundred Merchants of Granado, [Page]vvho vvere of the Romane Religion, and vvere never other; vvhat pretence had he to cause them to be murthered all in one night, and then presently to command all their goods to be brought to his treasurie or Exchequer, whose estate was vvorth more then 28. hundred thousand pound sterling? Novv as this tyrant vvas a devourer and destroyer of the lives of men, so he did presume to usurpe further not onely upon civil ordinances, but upon the things of God; so that those that vvere married in the reformed Church, he forced to be married againe: and if they vvere rich, he tooke them from th [...]ir husbands, and gave them to his souldiers to make prize of them: those that were babtized in the reformed Church, be com­pelled to be baptized again, contrary to Gods word, and to the decree of the anci­ent councels, so intolerable were the burthens that this cruel Pharaoh laid, so exces­sive was his cruelty, that he filled all places with blood, bloud touching bloud, as the Prophet speaks. For in small townes he executed 50. and in great townes 200. and 300. or 400. And in places as men travelled from one towne to another, they might see many that his Souldiers had hung up in trees to death, and some were worth 80. thousand guldens, and some lesse: yea this tyrant did confiscate so much lands and goods, as by his accompt sent into Spain, did amount yearely to 8. tun of money sterling, besides the many thousands that he and his souldiers had. All the money that he did exact out of this land in 6. yeares, did amount to more then 50. millions of gold. And if any were knowne to have any thing that did be­long to any that were put to death, and had not brought it to the knowledge of the Inquisition, they did loose both life and goods: yea the 16 of February 1566.The like cruel­ties may justly be feared to be among us, if the Parl. should be subdued. he gave sentence in his court at Madrill, that they were all traytors against God and himselfe. At Vtrecht he beheaded a widovv that vvas 84. yeares old, because she had before lodged a preacher one night, vvhose living vvas vvorth foure thou­sand guldens yearly. And at Mastricht a father for lodging his son that he had not seen in a long time, that vvas fled for religion, vvas put to death. And at that place there vvas one put to death for giving a vvidovv a peck of corn for an alms, vvhose husband this bloody court had put to death. And many vvomen vvere put to death, because they received their husbands in the night that vvere fled for re­ligion; yea they have killed vvomen great vvith child, and ripped up their bellies, and taken out the child and killed it, and some they have fleyed alive, and cove­red drums heads vvith their skins, and some they have tyed to a post, and made a small fire round about them, and so roasted them to death.

The like cruel­ty they did at Oudwater.At Naerden they received the Spaniards friendly into the tovvne, vvho promi­sed them both their lives and goods; and as soone as they came in, they comman­ded them to come to the Statehouse vvithout their Armes, the vvhich they did, and the Spaniards gave fire upon them and murthered them all: and then they ran about in the tovvn and ravished the vvomen,Take heed of such treachery here. and after Killed them and fired the tovvne. The yong children that lay in the Cradle, they quartered them, and tooke them upon their pikes, and so vvent up and dovvn the tovvne rejoycing in their cruelty.

Such savage cruelty is scarcely to be found in any history, vvhat Christian heart can hear it, and not be affected vvith deep sorrovv? yet behold some monsters here­in have been found, that have beene so far from humanity herein, (for he that hath humanity in him vvill commiserate others calamities) that they have applau­ded it, as if he had in all these outrages done God good service. Amongst the rest, I shall content my selfe at this present, but to name the holy Father the Pope, and one of his chiefe sonnes in this businesse. The Pope sends his Legate to commend these so rare exploits, and cals this cruell Duke Alva his beloved sonne, sends [Page]him a costly sword, the hilts whereof were of gold, and a hat wrought with gold, and beset with rich and costly stones, thanking him for his good service in main­taining the Romish Religion and subverting of heretickes. Howbeit that his chiefe son I mentioned (exceeding this man of sin, in the sin of cruelty, as if he would ve­rifie himselfe to be ten fold more the child of Satan, then his father the Pope) thinkes not so well of it, his name is Vergas, the President of this bloudy Inquisition; for going shortly a [...]ter into Spain, he told the King, that he & Duke d Alva, did marre all in the Netherlands, by shewing so much mercy to those people.

Concerning this Duke d Alva, of whose outrage and cruelty so many haue felt, and perfidious dealing which many haue found by lamentable experience, whereby may easily appeare of what stamp his excessi [...]e mercies are, even such as the Wise man speaks of,These words he spake at a ban­quet as he sate at the table, re­joycing bee had done the King so good service. Pro: 12.10, the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel. In which he prides himselfe, boasting he had slaughtered eighteen thousand and six hundred, in form of justice, in six yeares time, and ten tunes so many he and his Souldiers murthered otherwaies. And many more would he doubtlesse have murthered, had not the Lord restrayned and limited him, for his desire herein was as hell, that can­not be satisfied: Witnesse the purpose of his proceeding against the Magistrates of Bruxels, because they did not collect the tenth peny so as he defired. He tware that he would have it, and before he would let it fall or remit it, the Sun and Moone should leaue their shining, so he vvent to Brussels, and commanded the executioner to prepare ladders and ropes to hang up that night in their doores 70 of the ci­tizens, and gave them his vvarrant in vvriting vvhat they should be: But God in his providence prevented this his cruel purpose,Anno 1573. April. 1. in that there came news that the Graue of Mark had taken in the Brill; so the tyrant did not goe forvvard vvith his bloody enterprises.

I have instan­ced but 4. or 5. towns, but there were scarce any town escaped their cruel pil­laging, except they had bribed their Comman­ders with excee­ding large gifts.Thus having given you a t ste of some of those many things I have o [...]served concerning the intolerable oppression, & vvorse then salvage cruelty of the Spani­ards, exercised upon the people, vvhich they endured and laboured under the space of sixteene years; I will novv leave these cruel tyrants to the Lord for judgement, and address my self to speak somevvhat further concerning this Earle of Mark, vvho had those Gentlemen vvith him that fled. Before this hee had layne vvith his shipping in England, but the King of Spaine sending his Ambassadour to our Queen (vvho vvas then in peace vvith him) to desire her that she vvould not suf­fer his subjects to have their harbour in her land, and that she would not give them or suffer them to have any reliefe whereby they should make head against him: and hereupon the Queene sent and commanded them out of her harbour, and she commanded that they should not be suffered to have any provision in her coasts, so that now they had no other means but onely God, who did in his mercie provide for them better then they expected. For they were purposed to have gone for the Tassel, and to have taken some towne about that part; but when they came neere that part, they had the wind contrary that they could not come there, so they went for the Maise, and came with their ships before the Brill, and there they went presently & took it; yet the Duke of Alva had his forces in the towne, neere so m ny as they were, whom they presently killed and chased out of the towne, and out of the Iland. The Prince of Orange being in France, and hearing what had happen­ed, he sent them souldiers with as much speed as could be out of France. And within one moneth after Duke Alva sent certain companies to Vlishing to keep that place strong for himself, and many of the commanders were come into the towne: So the Magistrates commanded the citizens to come presently upon the Statehouse, so they told them they must lodge Spaniards in their houses; and they knowing [Page]how they hade used the citizens in all places where they came, they told the ma­gistrates they would not have the Spaniards in their towne, the Magistrates asked them which of them it was that did refuse to receive them. They said, All of them. So the Magistrates seeing them so earnest against the Spaniards, they joyntly tooke their Armes, and killed and took prisoners all them that were in the town, and with their Ordnance they shot at his ships where the Spaniards were, and they made away. And of those that were taken, there were the names of about 80 that they had in writing from Duke Alva that dwelt in the Iland, that they should put to death. So those of the Bril sent their Souldiers with speed to help them.He had appoin­ted those to bee executed be­cause they were the chiefe that stood against the pryment of the tenth peny. And shortly the Prince of Orange came with forces and defended them; and some o­ther townes seeing the crueltie of the Spaniards, forsooke the Spaniard, and joyned with them, and took the Prince of Orange to be their Protector, yet the States not­withstanding did remain in obedience to the King some seven yeares after.

Again it is further worthy to be noted that these Provinces did three times send to the King their Noblemen, but could obtain no mercy, and many more times they went to the Princesse of Parma, and made their humble petition for redresse of their oppression, but could not obtain any favour, then they made friends to the re­nowned Queen of England, and to the Princes of Germany, and to the Emperour, who did earnestly entreat by their Ambassadours for them. The King of Spain an­swered their Embassadours with these words; he bade them tell their Masters, That they should meddle with their own subjects, and not with his, for he knew wel enough how to rule his subjects without their Counsel. Anno 1575. Now vvhen our Queens Majesty found his unreasonablenesse and cruelty, then and not before, she assisted them with Armes.

His ovven son Prince Charles did intreat for them, th [...]t it vvould please him to let them have their Lavves and Priviledges, and that they might not be so oppres­sed; and vvithall he told his father that those Countries did belong to him,Marplam in his Cronicle. Anno 1567. Pray the like may not be he [...]e in England. and that they vvere given him at his Baptisme, for the vvhich his father sent him to pri­son, and he never came out again. If the Lord vvould not have forgot vvhat Am­alek did, long after, for smiting the vveakest and hindmost of his people, hovv may vve in equity forget the infinite murthers, and spoiles, this cruel Tyrant hath exe­cuted vvhereever he hath prevailed? And vvho can forget in special that bloudie attempt against our selves, in the year 1588.

If I should trace this Tyrant from place to place, I should runne in infinitum, having made the name of Christianity hateful, by his cruelty, amongst the Heathens that knovv not God further then the light of nature: for it is confessed by the Spany­ards themselves, that some of the chief of the Indians, vvho were to be burnt to death,They were ex­horted by a po­pish priest to [...] minde, that af­ter this life there was one place for joy, & another for tor­ment. being told of heaven and hel, they asked whither the Spaniards vvent vvhen they dyed? It vvas ansvvered to heaven, Oh then sayd they we will never come where the Spaniards are. But not to run so far, I vvill rest content to keep me vvithin the bounds I chiefly intended concerning these Countri [...]s. When the Citizens of Leyden vvere in great extremity, by reason of a long siege, the Spaniards proffering conditi­ons of peace, if so be they vvould yeeld up the Citie and themselves to them, they re­turned ansvver; Not while they had a right hand to hold the sword, or a left to eat, but if they should be driven to fall into their hands, they would rather burn the Citie and drovvn themselues, then to submit to them, of vvhose perfidiousnesse they had had so lamentable experience: and vvhen some of the Citizens pressed a yeel­ding, in respect of the extremity of famine, a Burgermaster, called Peter Adrianson, said; Loving friends I confesse the famine is great, and that some doe die for want of food: yet rather let us agree to eat up on [...] another, as it shall fall by lot, begin with me first, and divide me amongst you.

At Antwerpe, the Spaniards by the appointment of their Governour did come into the Citie in battel order, and marched up and down their streets, and shot in­to their houses, and made a tumultuous noise, as if they had been so many devils, for one day and two nights, and took the keyes from the Magistrats, and set watch at the Ports;No sort excep­ted. whereby they put the Citizens in so great fear, that many women with childe fell in travel, and some dyed with feare: and they went by 12 or 20, into the best houses, & commanded them to prepare them the best cheer, as boyled and rost, & other dainty dishes, as they list to call for; and besides beer, they would have at least two sorts of wine.They did offer them two parts in money, and the 3. in cloth, but they cryed all for money. And all the chiefest Citizens houses had at least ten of these guests. And they all cryed out for money, and said that they would have 15. moneths pay before they went out of the City, of them; and the Magi­strates told them that they would procure them in cloth, and apparel, and money the summe; but they all cryed out for mony, and that mony they would have before they went away; so at the last, the Magistrats got the mony, which did amount to 400. thousand Guldens. And the charge they were at, which these companions did cost the Citizens,There stands in the Chroni­cle a quire of paper of their cruelty against this City. was 600. pound sterling the day, and thus they were oppressed with them 28. dayes, in which time they had made them all rich sutes, some of sat­tin and velvet, and some of cloth of gold: and one of them had a cushion of velvet, vvith these vvords in letters of gold, I am the Dutchmans Bride-well Master. And thus they got rid of them for the present. And about tvvo yeers after they came again, and then they used the Citizens much more cruelly, for these divels did bring stravv, and set on fire, & put it into the houses, vvherby they set nine rich streets on fire, and burnt them vvith many rich and costly goods, and rifled the Citizens of all their rich and costly jevvels, and silver-vvorks, vvith their money, and three dayes did they torment the inhabitants for money: and in this time there vvas murdered of the citizens above four thousand. The money they took at that time is reckned for more then 40. tun of gold, beside the Ievvels and the losse they had by fire, vvas as much as the rest. And thus vvas the best city of Marchants in Europe ruinated.

In the yeare 1580. the States proclaimed K. Philip to have lost his right, by reason he vio­lated his oath.Divers things being manifested of the Spaniards cruelty, I vvill adde one in­stance of their trechery, and that of a famous person to his neerest familiars; yea vvhen he pretended svveetest familiarity and friendship, Pope Alexander the 6. a Spaniard by birth, invited divers Nobles and Cardinals to a banket, vvith a pur­pose to poyson them all, The meetest instrument he made choyce of to effect this, vvas a Spaniard, one Caesar Burgia, his svvorn servant. The Pope shevved himself vvonderfull pleasant to avoyd suspition, and drank a carouse to them all; vvilling that his trusty servant to fill from such a bottell he knew well: which he did ve­ry effectually to the Pope himself as well as to the rest.A Spaniards kindnesse to his friends. After the company was departed, the Pope perceiving by an alteration in himself, what was done, and that he must die now also, sayed to Burgia, This is a right Spanish trick. It is written of them that they are so expert in these exploits, that if Judas himself were alive, he might goe to them to Schoole.