Observations before you wheel.

IF you will wheel to the right hand you must double your rankes to the left, and if you wheel to the left, you must double to the right.

Rankes to the right hand double.

Files close to the right hand, to the close order.

Rankes close up to the swords point.

Note, that when you will wheel to the right hand, that the Leader of the right hand file must keepe his Musket-rest fixt to the ground, and must only turn his body without loosing of any ground, and also the left hand leader if you wheel to the left.

To the right hand wheel, or, To the left hand wheel.

Having wheeled to bring them to their former order, you must use these words of command.

First to the Rankes that were closed to the swords.

Rankes, backwards to your double distance of twelve foot.

Open your Files to the left hand of three foot.

And then speaking to the Rankes that were first doubled,

Rankes, as you were.

Having performed the former motions; you may after­wards exercise your company of Pikes and Musketeers toge­ther, or each a part.

To begin with the Pikes, you may command them to doe these motions standing, viz.

Advance your Pikes,

Order your Pikes.

Shoulder your Pikes.

Charge your Pikes.

Order your Pikes.

Trayle your Pikes.

Cheeke your pikes.

But these motions are to bee performed both standing and marching.

Charge your Pikes.

Shoulder your pikes.

To the right hand charge.

Shoulder your Pikes.

To the left hand charge.

Shoulder your Pikes.

To the Reere charge.

Shoulder your Pikes.

Port your pikes.

Comport your pikes.

Charge your Pikes.

Shoulder your Pikes.

Stand.

Charge under hand.

Charge your pikes at the foot.

Shoulder your Pikes.

Order your Pikes.

1. First note that in Charging, halfe the Ranks only must charge their Pikes, the other hindmost halfe of their rankes doe but port their Pikes, that is, they carry them so couched over the heads of the formost, as may give them no offence in charging, or retering: besides, this way the Pikes are not so subject to be broken by the shot of the enemy, as when they are advanced.

2. They must likewise observe, when they charge standing to fall backe with the right Leg, and marching to step forward with the left.

3. The exercising of your Musketerees is likewise perfor­med either standing or marching, that is, either by Rankes or by Files after three manner of wayes, alwayes blowing your match, moving your right leg formost, when you are ready to present.

• 1. Having an enemy in your front.
• 2. In your Reere.
• 3. Vpon the right or left hand Flanke.

Note also that the first Ranke falling back with their right legs, lyes on, gives fire, and the first ranke falling away, the se­cond in ranke presenting having their pans guarded, blowes their matches, o [...]ens their pans, and steps forward with their right legs, into the place of the first ranke, lyes on, gives fire, and fall away, whiles the rest of the body of Musketeeres move up to their places, and so two rankes at a time making ready, you may give fire so often as you lif [...].

Observe that in charging of an Enemy, that the right hand Wing fall off to the right hand, and the left hand Wing to the left, and the Officers are to give the same word of Com­mand.

The Musketeers are to have a singular care to carry the mouthes of their Muskets aloft, aswell when they are shoul­dred [Page 5]as in priming, as also when they keepe their pans guar­ded, and come up to give fire.

Moreover if an enemy shall appeare on either your right or left Flanke, and that you resolve to maintaine your ground, and would gall him from either Flanke, it is performed by giving first the words of command, To the right hand or left hand which you please, and then making an intervall of six foot distance betweene the middlemost leader of the halfe Files, for the halfe Ranke on the left hand doe fall away betweene the Files, to the Reere before the Pikes, and the halfe Ranke on the right hand, on the right Flanke, likewise you may give fire, from either or both Flankes as [...]ften as you list.

Againe, if an enemy should shew himselfe in your Reere, the like is done by this terme of direction:

To the right hand about.

And having given fire upon them, fall away to the place where the Front stood, even in the same Manner as you did before.

In advancing towards an enemy, two Rankes must alwayes make ready together, and advance ten paces forward before the body, at which distance a Serjant, or when the body is great, some other Officer must stand, to whom the Musket­teers must come before they present and give fire, first, the first Ranke, a [...]d while the first ranke gives fire, the second keepe their Muske [...]s close to their rests, and their pans guarded, and assone as the first are fallen away, the second presently presents, gives fire, and fall after them. Now as soone as the two first rankes doe moove from their places in the front, the two Rankes next it must unshoulder their Muskets and make ready, so as they may advance forward ten paces as before, as soone as ever the two first Rankes are fallen away, and are to doe in all points as the former, so all the other rankes through the whole company or division must doe the s [...]me by two so [...]e after another.

A way how to give fire retreating from an enemie:

AS the Troope marcheth, the hindmost ranke of all keep­ing still with the Troope, maketh ready, and being rea­dy, the souldiers in tha [...] ranke turne altogether to the right hand and give fire, marching presently away a good round pace to the front, and there place themselves in rankes toge­ther just before the front, as soone as the first ranke turne to give fire, the ranke next it make ready and doth as the former, and so all the Rest.

Last of all the Troope or wing of the Musketeers make ready altogether standing, and the first without advancing gives fire, in the place it standeth in, and speedily as may bee, yet orderly falls away, all the Rankes doing the same succes­sively one after another.

A manner how to give fire, either from the right or left hand Flank.

The Company or division marching, the utmost file next the enemy, are commanded to make ready, keeping still along with the body, till such time as they be ready, and then they turne all to the right or left hand, according to the sight of their enemy, either upon the right or left flanke and give fire altogether, when they have discharged they stirre not, but keepe their ground, and charge their peeces againe in the same place they stand, now as soone as the aforesaid file doth turne to give fire, the utmost next it makes ready alwayes keeping along with the troope, till the bringers up be past, a little be­yond the leaders of the file, that gave fire last, And then the whole file must turne, and give fire, and do in all points as the first did, and so all the rest one after another.

A Serjant (or if the troope be great) some better qualified Officer must stand at the head of the first File, and as soone as the second file hath given fire and hath charged, hee is to lead forwards the first file up to the second file, and so to the rest one after another, till he hath gathered up againe the whole wing, and then he is to joyne them again in equall front with the Pikes.

The manner of Ordering a Regiment.

IF there be ten Companies in a Regiment, consisting of a 1000. or 1200. men, they must be drawne into two divi­sions, five Companies in one division, and because it is not fit that the eldest Captaines should be all in one Division, They are thus divided, viz.

• Collonell.
  • I.
  • V.
  • III.
• Serjant Major.
• Lievt. Collonell.
  • IV.
  • VII.
  • VI.
  • II.

1. The first Captaines Company next to the Collonells Company.

2. The second Company the left hand of the second di­vision.

3. The third next to the Serjant Major in the first Di­vision.

4. The fourth next the Lievtenant Collonell in the second Division.

5. The fifth in the middle of the first Division.

6. The sixth next the second Captaine in the second Di­vision.

7. The seventh next the fourth in the second Division.

The Seriants are to march upon the Hankes of the Divisi­ons as neere as they can to their owne men to keepe them in their rankes, and from stragling.

The Drummers betwixt the third, and fourth Rankes. But if the Regiment march in Battaile, then in the flankes of the Regiment as equall with the third ranke in the Front, and so likewise in the flankes of the Pikes.

The Demonstration of Places in a Regiment.

THe first Captaine leades the Van of Pikes.

The second the Reere of the Pikes.

The third, the first division of Musketeers.

The Collonells Captaine shall leade the Vanguard of the Musketeeres in the right wing upon the left hand of the third Captaine.

The fi st Leader to lead the second division of Musketeers.

The second to bring up the Reere of all.

The third to leade up the second division of Pikes.

The fourth to bring up the right wing of the Musketeers

But because the absence of Captaines may be such, as the Regiment may want the principall places of leading, it is in the Collonells will to dispose of the places of leading, as hee shall find fitting.

The Serjant major of every Regiment to have a speciall care, before the Regiment moves out of the Quarter, to call upon the Captaines for their odd men of every Company, to make Files of them. And for the over plus, which cannot be above in number, shall march in the Reere of the Regiment, before the Officer that brings up the Regiment, not disban­ding themselves.

Vpon the very motion that the Drummes begin to beat a march, the hindermost Rankes shall march forwards together as well as the first Rankes, that the hinder most Rankes need [Page 9]not come or march away faster then the formost.

The distance betweene the Rankes in marching, shall bee six foote one from the other, so that the butt-ends of the pikes shall almost touch the heeles of them that March before them.

The files shall bee no more than three foot distance one from the other.

When a Regiment marcheth in division, then the halfe of the Musketeeres shall march before the Pikes, and the Pikes in the midst, and the other halfe of the Musketeeres to bee in the Reere of the Pikes.

Observing well, that they must March ten in front at the least, if the way be fit thereunto, keeping alwayes the di­stances both in Ranke, and file, as aforesaid.

The Officer that shall leade any part of the Regiment, shall take up no more [...]lace than the space of a Ranke, which is six foot, to the end they may follow one another the better, and so neither loose time nor place in marching. As for the Officer that shall march after any part of the Regi­ment or Division, he shall follow the last Ranke of them, that march before him, observing the distance of six foote, to the end that betwixt him, and the Officer that shall leade any part or devision of the Regiment following, there may be likewise six foot, and so betweene the first and second divi­sion there must be eighteene foot distance.

If the Regiment be divided and lead in two troopes, the second division of the Regiment shall follow the first, about the distance of ten or twelve paces, and no larger.

The distance betweene the Regiments that march one af­ter another, shall be eighteene or twenty paces, to wit, six foot for the Officer that marcheth in the Reere of the Regi­ment, and six foot for the Officer that leades in the front of the next Regiment, and the rest of the place betweene both the Officers aforesaid, and where there is roome enough the Regiment shall march close, and in a body, observing ever­more the distance of Rankes and Files as aforesaid.

Betweene every five files at the most, and betweene every three Files at the least of Musketeeres, they shall leave a space [Page 10]of six foote bread, keeping as much as possible may be the Mu­sketeeres of one company together, not marching but in fight.

When the Regiment stands in Battaile, and that the regi­ment consists of two divisions, each division shall be fiftie foot distant one from another.

And the Musketeers of a Regiment being more in num­ber than the Pikes, and consequently falling out broader than the front or division of Pikes, they shall close inwards, to­wards both the troopes of the pikes which stand before them.

But if so be the number of Musketeers be two great, and that by reason of the intervals, or the spaces of six foote, that are to be made betweene them for their number having no place to fall or close inward without touching one another, then the two troopes of Musketeers on both sides of the pikes after whom they stand shall fall outwards.

The Ensignes of every regiment are to march with their Colours in the Front, six foote before the pikes when they march in a body, and in this Barracado to be alwayes ready to vayle their Colours when the Generall passeth by, But when they march in Battaile as command shall be given, all the En­signes of each division are to goe down before the fourth and fifth rank, but the Collonels owne Colours to fly in the second ranke, The same to be done in the second division, if you come to charge with an enemy, then for good reasons let the Co­lonels Colours fall back to the rest. If the Lord Generall pas­seth by, make the Body move their faces, either in Flank or reere, which way he passeth.

That no Waggons shall be suffered to march betweene the regiments or Division, only each Collonell one, which is to march in the Front of his Regiment, and the Commander of every Tertia to have two in the head of the Tertia, besides one of their owne Waggons in the head of their owne Regiment, and if their owne regiment have the Vanguard of the Tertia, Then they are to have three Waggons.

And for the Waggons of the Captaines to march in the Reere of the Army in their senioritie, according as their [Page 11]Collonells marcheth that day, and are to be so ordered by the Carriage Master.

And when the whole is thus Marshalled and at any time shall come to make a stand, either at noone-tide to eate, and re­pose, or at eventide to rest, till the quarter be made, then the Tertia shall be lead up to the places, all three in front, each Regiment in division one after another at fifty foot, each re­giment at an hundred foot, and each Tertia distant in flanke from other about 150. foot, sometimes if the ground will give it, then the two divisions of each Regiment shall stand in front, and so the regiments following in that order, and also in this order conformable, all the three Tertians, side by side, and so shall all the Cannons and Waggons front up in this wise in breadth, That the traine may be shortned, into a neere com­passe; which is done to keepe the Army close, and in farre di­stance in the Reere.

This order is to be observed especially as the Generall shall find fitting, to give command for it, or otherwise not.