A MODEL Of a Democraticall government, humbly tendered to Consideration, by a Friend and Wel-wisher to this Common-Wealth.
1. THAT the supream Legislative Authority of the Common-wealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging, be, and reside in a Senate and a Representative of the People.
II. That the sole power of debating and proposing Lawes be in the Senate, and the sole Result in the Representative of the People.
That this Parliament dissolve themselves by Act, and that therein it be declared, that their dissolution be as a Parliament, and the Legislative Authority they now exercise do determine the seventh day of May next.
[Page 4] III. That betwixt this and the said seventh of May, Writs issue out to such places as this Parliament shall finde most equall, and indifferent for the Election of so many Members to themselves, as to make up their number three hundred; which said number shall enter with them into the Parliament House the eighth day of May next, and the said three hundred persons shall be the Senate.
IV. That the Senate do within one week after their first sitting choose out of themselves, one hundred to be of the Senate for one yeare, another hundred to be of the Senate for two yeares, another hundred to be of the Senate for three yeares, and that before the 14. of May, in every May yearely there be one hundred new Senators chosen out of those that are last gone out of the Assembly of the People at that time, and that so many Senators go then out of the Senate, whose time shall be then expired.
V. That after the first choise of the Senate, the nomination of the new Senators be in the Senate, and the choise to be in the Assembly of the People.
VI. That there be an Assembly of a Representative of the People at Westminster, the 8th. day of May next to be chosen and perpetuated by Annual Elections as followeth, onely the first time, three times the number must be chosen, viz. one third part for one year, another third part for two yeares, and another third part for three years; and the said Elections shall be annually made, upon or before the first Wednesday in March without any Writ or Writs, or other Summons, viz.
- For the Town and County of Bedford Four
- For the County of Berks Five
- For the County of Bucks Five
- For the County of Cambridge & Ile of Ely Five
- [Page 5] For the Town of Cambridge One
- For the County of Chester Three
- For the County of Cornwall Eight
- For the County of Cumberland Two
- For the County of Derby Three
- For the County of Devon Twelve
- For the City of Exeter One
- For the County of Dorset Six
- For the County of Durham Two
- For the County of York Sixteen
- viz. For the Town and county of Kingstone upon Hull and the East-riding Four
- For the Northriding Four
- For the city & county of the city of York One
- For the West-riding Six
- For the Town and Parish of Leeds One
- For the County of Essex Ten
- For the County of Gloucester and City of Gloucester, and County of the City. Six
- For the County of Hereford Four
- For the County of Hartford Four
- For the County of Huntington Three
- For the County of Kent Twelve
- For the County of Lancanster Six
- For the County of Leicester Four
- For the County of Lincolne Ten
- [Page 6] For the County of Middlesex Three
- For the City of Westminster One
- For the City of London Four
- For the County of Monmouth Two
- For the County of Norfolk Nine
- For the City of Norwich One
- For the County of Northampton Six
- For the County of Nottingham Four
- For the County of Northumberland, and Town of Barwick Four
- For the County of Oxford Five
- For the City of Oxford One
- For the County of Rutland One
- For the County of Salop Five
- For the County of Stafford Four
- For the County of Somerset Ten
- For the City of Bristol One
- For the County of Southhampton Nine
- For the County of Suffolk Ten
- For the County of Surrey Five
- For the Borrough of Southwark One
- For the Countie of Sussex Nine
- For the Countie of Westmerland Two
- For the Countie of Warwick Four
- For the Countie and city and countie, of the city of Worcester. Four
- [Page 7] For the Countie of Wilts Nine
- for the County of Anglesey One
- for the County of Brecon One
- for the countie of Cardigan One
- for the countie of Caermathen One
- for the countie of Carnarvan One
- for the countie of Denbigh One
- for the countie of Flint One
- for the countie of Glamorgan Two
- for the countie of Merioneth One
- for the countie of Montgomery One
- for the countie of Pembrook Two
- for the countie of Radnor One
- For Scotland and Ilands thereto belonging, to be proportioned by the Parliament or Councel of State. Twenty
- For Ireland, to be proportioned by Parliament orCouncel of State. Twenty
And if the Parliament and Councel of State cannot so proportion them, as to have twenty in each Nation chosen with conveniency every year, then so to proportion them, as that thirty in each may be chosen yearly, And so to order as that [...]wice thirty may be chosen for each Nation, the first time, and no more.
VII. That for the Election of the first Representative of the People, the Ancient Lawes, Customes and Rules be observed, (with such alterations as is hereby made) and that [Page 8] the Sheriffs, by themselves or Deputies, and all others concerned see that the said Elections be made, and the persons chosen returned, as hath been usual, without any Writ or Writs or other Summons, upon, or before the first Wednesday in March next as aforesaid, and such persons so chosen, shall enter into, and be of the Assembly of the People, the eighth day of May Annually.
VIII. That no person or persons be Eligible, who shall not first declare, and Ingage under his or their hands and Seales to be true faithful, and constant to this Commonwealth, without a King, Protector, or other Single Person in the Government over these Nations, as also aginst a House of Lords or Peeres, or any Person or Persons that shall claim or Exercise any Authority in these Nations otherwise then by or from the choyce of the People.
IX. That no Person or Persons be capable of Electing or being Elected, to be of the Senate or Assembly of the People, that have Ayded, Abetted, or Assisted the late King Charles or his Son in their Warres against this Parliament or Commonwealth, unlesse they have given or shall give signal testimony of their good affections to the Government of these Nations, by way of a Commonwealth, or until it shall be otherwise declared by the Senate, and Representative of the People.
X. That no Person or Persons be capable of being Elected to be of the Senate, until he or they have given, or shall give signal testimony of his or their good affections to the Government of these Nations, in the way of a Commonwealth, or until it shall be otherwise agreed upon by the Senate and Representative of the People.
XI. That if any Person or Persons shall presume to sit or Vote in the Senate or Assembly of the People before he or they have declared as aforesaid, or not being qualified [Page 9] as aforesaid (without licence of the Senate) or being admitted, shall propose, or give his or their consents to alter the Government contrary to the said Declaration; or shall propose or give his or their consents, to prosecute for Conscience every person so offending, shall forfeit his whole estate reall and personall to the Common-wealth: And the Treasurers, for the time being shall, and hereby have power to seize and become accomptable for the same to the Commonwealth accordingly.
XII. That the Exercise of the chief Magistracy and Administration of the Government over the Nations of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging, and all Writs, Process, Commissions, Patents, Grants, and other things, which now do, or at any time did, or might run in the name or stile of the Keepers of the Liberty of England by Authority of Parliament, shall from and after the seventh day of May next, run in the name and Stile of The Senate and People of England.
XIII. That there be a Councell of State consisting of fifteen persons, viz. five out of each Squadron of the Senate, perpetuated by the supply of five out of each new Squadron, that shall be from time to time elected into the Senate, and the like number then to recede that were chosen out of the Squadron of the Senate whose time is expired.
XIV. That there be a Councell of War consisting of nine persons chosen and perpetuated by the Councell of State out of themselves, viz. three out of each order annually as aforesaid.
XV. That there be a Councel of Trade consisting of twelve persons elected and perpetuated in the same manner out of the Senate.
XVI. That there be three Commissioners of the Treasury, and three Commissioners of the Great Seale, chosen [Page 10] out of, and by the Senate, viz. one out of each order or Squadron of the Senate, and perpetuated by annual Elections as aforesaid.
XVII. That there be three Commanders in Chiefe by Land (viz.) one for England. one for Scotland, and one for Ireland; and that he who is for England be Generall of the whole Army; and he that is for Scotland be Lieutenant Generall; And he that is for Ireland be Major Generall, in case there be any occasion of Conjunction of any of the Armies to prevent Competition for the chief command, and that there be annually a Major General chosen to command a yeare in Ireland, and then to remove of course to command a year in Scotland as Lieutenant General, and then to remove of course into England to command a year as General, and so the said Commands to be perpetuated by the like Annual Elections and Removes.
That there be three Generals at Sea perpetuated by the Annual Election of one and the Receding of one, at the end of every year, and that he that is the Eldest chosen be Admiral, the second chosen Vice Admiral, and the third Rere Admiral, for their respective years successively, and according to their Seniorities as aforesaid.
XVIII. That all Elections be made by the Senate, that all Field Officers be proposed by the Councel of War; all Ambassadors Extraordinary, by the Councel of State; all Judges and Serjeants at Law by the Commissioners of the Great Seal; all Barons and Officers of Trust in the Exchequer, by the Commissioners of the Treasury, and that such as are so proposed and Elected, do act according to former practice and the Lawes in being, or which hereafter shall be, in the several places into which they shall be respectively chosen.
XIX. That the calling to Accompt and Punishing all Officers so proposed and chosen for breach of Trust or other crimes, be by the Parliament or Assembly of the People.
[Page 11] XX. That no Person be imployed in more then one place of profit in the Commonwealth at the same time, and that no Person continue above three years in one imployment, without a new Election, nor be Elegible into the same imployment, without as long an Interval as he was before in the same Imployment. And that all Elections be made void and new ones made, when and in such Cases it shall be proved that any person that shall be chosen, did directly or Indirectly indeavour to get himself chosen, or did by himself, or any other on his behalf, with his knowledge and consent give any gift or reward for or in respect of the said Election.
XXI. That in case of Death or other Removeal of any Person chosen into any Place or Imployment as aforesaid, a New Election be made of another into his place to supply the rest of his Term to expire.
XXII. That all other things necessary for the perfecting and firm setling this Commonwealth, both in Civil and Religious Administrations be according as shall be from time to time proposed by the Senate, and assented unto by the People Assembled in Parliament, and not otherwise.