A true description of Carolina Gascoyne, Joel, b. 1650. 1682 Approx. 17 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 5 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2014-11 (EEBO-TCP Phase 2). A85818 Wing G284 ESTC R232077 99900090 99900090 137351

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Early English books online text creation partnership. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 2, no. A85818) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 137351) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 2516:1) A true description of Carolina Gascoyne, Joel, b. 1650. 4 sheets (versos blank) printed for Joel Gascoin at the Plat near Wapping old Stairs, and R. [Greene] at the Rose and Crown in Budg-Row, [London : [1682]] Caption title. By Joel Gascoyne. Imprint from colophon. Printer's name and year of publication from Wing CD-ROM, 1996. RPJCB copy, reel 2516, is cropped affecting text and colophon. Reproduction of original in the John Carter Brown Library.

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eng North Carolina -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800. South Carolina -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800. 2020-09-21 Content of 'availability' element changed when EEBO Phase 2 texts came into the public domain 2012-09 Assigned for keying and markup 2012-09 Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2013-02 Sampled and proofread 2013-02 Text and markup reviewed and edited 2014-03 Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
A true DESCRIPTION OF CAROLINA.

CArolina is part of the Main in America, and ſo much celebrated by Monſieur Laudonere, that he entitles it Florida, becauſe of her florid, and fragrant Fields, imbelliſh'd with Flowers, that perfume the Air: whoſe ſweet Scituations, by reaſon of moſt delicious and pleaſant Meadows (and flouriſhing Savana's) adorn the Continent; and whoſe benevolent Breaſt ſends daily Supplies to the Planter, and hourly Relief to the poor and neceſſitous Native: whoſe ſpacious Arms (as if circulating the Ocean) proclaims her Shores Sanctuary to diſtreſſed Mariners; and a generous protection to deplorable Seamen, that ſollicit refreſhment from her repleniſh'd Harbours, which extend themſelves ſouthward to the River St. Mattheo, ſo dilates to Luck Iſland, near Roanoack on the promontories of Virginia, in thirty ſix degrees North Latitude (now called Albemarle) a large and ſpacious ſettlement conſiſting of ſome two or three thouſand Inhabitants, upon a fertil Soil.

But the late and flouriſhing ſettlement lies yet more Southerly, in and about 32 Degrees, odd Minutes; parallel with Jeruſalem in Paleſtine: and equals the heighth of Bermudos, upon the navigable Rivers of Cooper, and Aſhly; formerly known by the Names of Wando and Kiawah.

This is that famous Carolina, which his Majeſty the King of Great Britain has united to his Imperial Crown, and by his Royal Grant eſtabliſhed it a Province; and has dignified it a Principality: which by conſent amongſt the Lords is transferr'd to the eldeſt Proprietor. But the Proprietors are eight in number, and their Names and Titles as followeth. Lord Chancellor Clarendon, Lord Duke Albemarle, Earl of Craven, Lord Anthony Aſhly Cooper Earl of Shaftsbury, John Lord Berkley, Sir George Carteret, Sir William Berkley, and Sir John Colleton Kt. and Bar. Theſe are the Lords Proprietors, whoſe Laws and Government (becauſe to proceed in my Deſcription) is ſuſpended till farther Opportunity preſents to uſher them in.

The Heavens ſhine upon this famous Country the ſoveraign Ray of health; and has bleſt it with a ſerene Air, and a lofty Skie, that defends it from noxious Infection; nor is there any known Diſtemper incident to the Inhabitant whereby to terrify and affright him; who for the moſt part lives by the Law of Plenty, extended to the utmoſt limits of Sanity.

Several Families have tranſported themſelves from the Ports of Barbadoes, but what from the reſt of the Caribbies, I know not: yet am credibly inform'd (and from very good hands) that divers are gone, and going from thence: as alſo from New-Providence, Bermudus, New-York, New-Jerſey, New-England, Long-Iſland De-la-ware, Maryland and Virginia; but great numbers from Scotland, and ſeveral from the borders of Ireland: beſides divers good Ships, with ſome eminent Families that are lately gone off from the Kingdom of England. Moreover, its a ſalubrious Air to the ſick, and diſeaſed; and a generous retirement to neceſſitous, and abject Families; as alſo the aſſurance of ſuch as ſtudy to be rich: Engins ſtrong enough one would think to induce Mankind to hope the proſperity of this famous Settlement.

But the ſettlement of Albemarle (otherwiſe called Roanoak) preſents firſt to our view; and is the oldeſt, and remoteſt Northern County in the fair Province of Carolina; ſcituated about 35 Degrees, and odd Minutes North Latitude: from whoſe repleniſhed Meadows (as alſo from the more Southern Inhabitants) as good Beef, and Pork is ſaved, and ſent off to Barbadoes, and other the Charibbee Iſlands, as Art and Induſtry can husband.

Now Aſhley County is yet more ſouthward, and lies ſcituated 32 degrees, 45 minutes; where the Setlers and Inhabitants toil not in Summer to accommodate themſelves with Winter's Proviſion: becauſe hitherto they have conſidered it uſeleſs, and altogether unneceſſary for the Planter to employ his Hands, and Strength, where Nature ſo liberally ſtocks them with Herbage: and the Winter, becauſe ſo ſoftned with a moderate Air, repreſents it much of the caſt and temperament with our March in England; and that's as much as to conſider it the relique only of a mild and ſhort Winter, or rather the ſurprizal of an approaching Spring, that breaths forth to iniciate the Summer. And here it is that their Ships are built, and dreſt up by Bermudian hands, the moſt approved Mariners; and a general Errour if not the beſt navigating Ships in America.

And now by way of Advice, the firſt thing requiſit and neceſſary for the Setler to embrace, is to fell Timber, and to clear the Ground (which is reaſonably undertaken, as by an Advertiſement in the laſt Paragraph) as ſome already have done, and planted Potatoes, the Caſſaida Root, Yams, Eddies, Carrots, Cabbidges, Onyons, Turnips, Parſnips, Shelots, (but they grow naturally there) Collyflowers, Artichokes, Musk-Melons, and Water-Melons; beſides Wormwood, Nep, Scurvy-graſs, Rue, Meadſweet, Trefoil, Cinquefoil, Elecampane, (Annis, Cububs, and Cardamome Seeds) Radiſhes, and Horſe-Radiſhes, Mellelot, Angellica, Arch-Angel, Roſemary, Thime, Lettice, Spinage, Sweetmarjarum, Summer, and Winter-Savory, Endive, Succory, Hopps, Water-Creſſes, Cena, and China-Root, with other Druggs, and Saxafrage, Saſſafras, and Saſſaperrilla: beſides divers other Vegitables without number.

Moreover, all ſorts of Engliſh Grane, as Wheat, Rye, Barley, Peas, Beans, Oates, Lentills, Fitches, and Indian Corn, with other European and American Roots, and Plants; which Carolina beyond diſpute with ſmall induſtry will produce as large, and as good as the World has.

The next thing worthy our conſideration, is their plentiful Eating; becauſe having their accommodation very cheap within themſelves; where Beef two years ſince was ſold at 12 s. a 100, and Pork at the rate of 16 s. So that Cattel (you may read) begins to be plentiful, and Hoggs of a prodigious encreaſe. And moſt of thoſe Cattel very fair, and large-headed Beaſts, now grazing up and down in beautiful Savana's, little or nothing inferiour to our Engliſh Meadows: there are ſeveral induſtrious Setlers, and Planters, that proſper very well, tho not having much to begin with.

Moreover, there are Barrows (which by reaſon of the ſuperabundant plenty of Maſt, and Roots in thoſe parts) that ſome have weighed three or four hundred weight a-piece, and ſuch had the Lady Yeomans, as I am credibly informed, who had 400 Hoggs in a Herd, and 500 Turkies in a Drove; beſides Dunghil Fowls too numerous to relate without ſuſpition. And which Plantation of hers, conſiſting of 1500 Acres, was by the induſtry of one Mr. James Moore (an Engliſh Gentleman) cleared from Charge in ſome three years time, and with the natural produce of the Country only; which amplifies the great fertility of the 〈◊〉 •• gether with the encreaſe of Beef, and Pork, which if well ſaved, and ſent off to 〈◊〉 (as ſome has already been ſent to Barbadoes) muſt of neceſſity bring in conſider •••• 〈◊〉

Upon Honey ſome have ſtrong Inclinations, when becauſe having ſuch variety (and Bloſſoms) that invites to accommodate the Laborious Bee; where, as b 〈◊〉 they become ſo prolifick, as frequently to ſwarm four times in a year; and ſuch •• creaſe from one ſingle Hive, brought over from Bermudus (tho half of them wer 〈…〉 that within leſs than two full years, Captain Morris Matthews (an induſtrious Ge 〈◊〉 manages Lieutenant Colonel James Colleton's Plantation) had a produce of more th •• 〈…〉 beſides a Preſentation made to the Governour and others.

The Indian Natives get a ſweet Oil out of the Hickery Nutt, which is much 〈◊〉 of our Engliſh Walnut, but not ſo racy, nor the Kernel ſo plump and pleaſant; 〈◊〉 they ſell for Beads and Trifles of little or no value: which Oil may be much mo •• 〈◊〉 and ſubſtituted in lieu of Oil Olives. So that the ſtaple Commodities of Ca Wine, Oil, Silk, Hides, Wool, Tallow, Honey, Bees-Wex, Tobacco, Hemp, Flax, Linn •• Cloth, Pitch, Tar, Cordage, and Maſts for Shipping.

Here are very tall, large, and ſtreight Timber-Trees (the World has not better 〈…〉 the Aſh; the White, the Red and the Live Oak: but the Cyprus Tree grows to an 〈◊〉 neſs, as alſo the Walnut, and Hickery or American Walnut already expreſt. 〈…〉 ſtately and tall Cedars, both White, and Red, that cover the Earth. And the 〈…〉 Aſp, and Poplar, that grow to an incredible magnitude: beſides ſeveral other a 〈◊〉 that I cannot at preſent remember. There is alſo the Birch, the Beech, the Wil 〈◊〉 the Alder, the Elm, the Sicamore, the Mulberry, and the Figg-Tree; but they 〈◊〉 where: and the Maligatoon, and Peach is common, without Cultivation; yet no 〈◊〉 Fruit is obſerved in Europe than what naturally grows wild in America. Vines 〈◊〉 themſelves to inamour the Trees in every Wood: and Strawberries ſtrew themſ ••••• 〈…〉 Fields. But Violets, I had almoſt forgot them, becauſe the Inhabitants depreſs th •• ing them under foot; yet they, with various other Flowers, perfume the Air. 〈◊〉 ſprout up ſo plentifully in every Plantation, that the Planters themſelves are th 〈…〉 with to make Fences. And where all other Roots and Fruit-Trees thrive to the Orange Trees, Limon Trees, and China Orange Trees, Quince Trees, Cherry Trees 〈…〉 Pear Trees, and Prickle Pears, that bear twice a year. Then there's the Almon 〈◊〉 over to plant, and Tamarinds, Eldern, Goosberries, Curran Trees, Raſsberries, Pomegranats; and ſome ſay Plantins, and Bonano's. Certainly this Climate is deſtin •• 〈◊〉 the Native American, and with the Bleſſings of Heaven to refreſh the ſolicitous 〈◊〉

This I ſhould think (with other Advantages) were enough to compenſate the 〈◊〉 and Induſtry of the Setlers, beſides the natural propenſity of Love the Natives h 〈…〉 Souls liv'd only in the Boſom of the Engliſh by natural Inſtinct, becauſe when to 〈◊〉 themſelves and ſervices to fiſh, and hunt their Game for a Trifle; to fell Tim ••• 〈…〉 Corn, and to gather in their Crop: as alſo to Pilot, and convey them from o •• 〈◊〉 to another. So that in many reſpects, the ſimple poverty of theſe indigent Nat •••• 〈…〉 〈…〉 the Law of Kind (and Humanity) to be ſweetned, and encouraged; if becauſe 〈…〉 ••• ſider their moral Civility, and innate Simplicity: which I hope the Engliſh Inha 〈7 letters〉 〈…〉 •• fortunate Southern Latitude will conſider, and mingle with ſo much Diſcretion, 〈…〉 tion of Piety, as not to contrive them Hypocrites (fatal to the Practice of New- 〈◊〉 〈…〉 cauſe cauſe when deſigning to convert them to Chriſtianity.

〈1 page duplicate〉

Here in theſe parts you may expect to meet with abundance of Navigable Ri •••• 〈◊〉 their Soundings I ſhall particularize more in my next; as alſo of their Rivulets, 〈◊〉 ſtaline Streams are clear and tranſparent. But their imbelliſh'd Meadows, fertil, 〈…〉 ing Savana's, are guarded with pleaſant and ſolitary Woods; beſides delicious Fi 〈…〉 •• ſtures that direct to Admiration. Which to numerate, as alſo to frame a Catalog 〈…〉 rious Families of Fiſh, and their ſtore; whoſe prodigious increaſe here to inſe 〈…〉 However, ſome of them are Shad, Sturgeon and Salmon, omitting Whale, which a 〈…〉 in theſe Seas; ſo is the Seel or Selk, the Bottle-Noſe, and the Porpus, beſides many o •••• 〈…〉 Fiſh: but the Shark to admiration, wants Courage here, as indeed all other Ra 〈…〉 •••• tures do, for if they ſee but the Face of an Infant, they immediatly fly. Anoth •• 〈…〉 Drum, Porgee, Baſs, Boneto, Dolphin, Albechore, Sheepſheads, Oldwives, Catfiſh, Cav 〈…〉 and Mullets the largeſt in America. Trout alſo they have of two foot long, be 〈…〉 the Eel, and the Perch; with ſeveral other freſh-water Fiſh omitted (without co 〈…〉 Catalogue. And their Shell-fiſh are Crabbs, better than thoſe in England; but 〈…〉 have none that I hear of. However, Cockles, and Muſsles they have; and Bank 〈…〉 tains of Oyſters (and ſome with Pearl) that ſeem to barocade the Crieks. Beſide 〈…〉 Prawns and Shrimps, in the brackiſh and ſalt Waters, but Crawfiſh in the freſhes; 〈…〉 rious Entertainments, both to the Native, and fortunate Planter. But their An 〈…〉 Turtle, Bever, Otters, Manitee, Alegators, &c.

And their Fleſhes are Beeves, Veals, Porks, Stagg, and Fallow Deer, Raccoons, Apoſ 〈…〉 Lamb, Kid, Hare, Rabit, &c. But Ravenous Creatures are Wolves, Foxes, Bears, Pan 〈…〉 And their Venemons Creature is the Rattleſnake. Then there's Wild Fowl to 〈…〉 as Signets, Swans, and Wild Turkies of incredible weight, beſides teems of Geeſe, a 〈…〉 ſorts. There is Pheaſant alſo, Cranes, and Heronſhaws, the Woodcock, and Teal, wi 〈…〉 Poot, Morefowl, Curlue, and Covies of Partridges; beſides Plover great ſtore, gre 〈…〉 There alſo are Turtle Doves, Feldivers, Sea Larks, Snade, Levericks, Widgins, and 〈…〉 berleſs; beſides the Mockbird, with diverſity and variety of Singing Birds, and ot ••• 〈…〉 Fowl, that I cannot accompt for. Moreover, they have plenty of Dunghil Fow 〈…〉 and Hen, the Gooſe, the Turkey, the Muſcovy and Engliſh Duck and Drake. Wh 〈…〉 Savana's are crowded with Deer, and large and ſtately Herds of Cattel patrole t 〈…〉 as Sheep the pleaſant Paſtures; and where every Field is repleniſh'd with Corn, 〈…〉 Gardens in Aſia, and Europe enriched with choice Stone Fruits; but Almon 〈…〉 Aprecock-Trees, Malagatoons, and the Muſtin Plumb (the richeſt Stone Fruit in Eng •••• 〈…〉 divers other Trees, as the Bone Crittongon, and the Burgamy Pear; beſides Pippi 〈…〉 mains, Golden Ruſſitins, Harvey, Lady-finger, and Red-ſtreak, with various other 〈…〉 now ſent over by the Honourable Sir Peter Colleton Bar. one of the Lords Propri 〈…〉 ſeveral Fruit-Trees, Flowers, and Roots, by divers other able Gentlemen and M 〈…〉 have already laid a Foundation in this Southern Latitude of Carolina.

Advertiſement. There is one Mr. Nathan Sumers Engineer for Carolina, that hath underta ••• 〈…〉 Engine of his own] with the Lords Proprietors, and others to unburden, and clear the Ground to 〈…〉 qation at 12 Pence a Tree, if not exceeding ſix Foot Diameter; and 6 d. a Tree from one Foot to 〈…〉 •• ches Diameter. And that the ſaid Propriators have contracted with the ſaid Sumers, to ſecure to hi 〈…〉 the ſole uſe and benefit of the ſaid Invention, for 14 years, as certifyed.

London, Printed for Joel Gaſcoin at the Plat near Wapping old Stairs, and R 〈◊〉 at the Roſe and Crown in Budg-Row.