CArolina is part of the Main in America, and so much celebrated by Monsieur Laudonere, that he entitles it Florida, because of her florid, and fragrant Fields, imbellish'd with Flowers, that perfume the Air: whose sweet Scitu­ations, by reason of most delicious and pleasant Meadows (and flourishing Savana's) adorn the Continent; and whose benevolent Breast sends daily Supplies to the Planter, and hourly Relief to the poor and necessitous Native: whose spacious Arms (as if circulating the Ocean) proclaims her Shores San­ctuary to distressed Mariners; and a generous protection to deplorable Seamen, that sollicit refreshment from her replenish'd Harbours, which extend themselves southward to the River St. Mattheo, so dilates to Luck Island, near Roanoack on the promontories of Virginia, in thirty six degrees North Latitude (now called Albemarle) a large and spacious settlement consisting of some two or three thousand Inhabitants, upon a fertil Soil.

But the late and flourishing settlement lies yet more Southerly, in and about 32 Degrees, odd Minutes; parallel with Jerusalem in Palestine: and equals the heighth of Bermudos, upon the navigable Rivers of Cooper, and Ashly; formerly known by the Names of Wando and Kiawah.

This is that famous Carolina, which his Majesty the King of Great Britain has united to his Imperial Crown, and by his Royal Grant established it a Province; and has dignified it a Principality: which by consent amongst the Lords is transferr'd to the eldest Proprietor. But the Proprietors are eight in number, and their Names and Titles as followeth. Lord Chancellor Clarendon, Lord Duke Albemarle, Earl of Craven, Lord Anthony Ashly Cooper Earl of Shaftsbury, John Lord Berkley, Sir George Carteret, Sir William Berkley, and Sir John Colleton Kt. and Bar. These are the Lords Proprietors, whose Laws and Government (because to pro­ceed in my Description) is suspended till farther Opportunity presents to usher them in.

The Heavens shine upon this famous Country the soveraign Ray of health; and has blest it with a serene Air, and a lofty Skie, that defends it from noxious Infection; nor is there any known Distemper incident to the Inhabitant whereby to terrify and affright him; who for the most part lives by the Law of Plenty, extended to the utmost limits of Sanity.

Several Families have transported themselves from the Ports of Barbadoes, but what from the rest of the Caribbies, I know not: yet am credibly inform'd (and from very good hands) that divers are gone, and going from thence: as also from New-Providence, Bermudus, New-York, New-Jersey, New-England, Long-Island De-la-ware, Maryland and Virginia; but great num­bers [Page]from Scotland, and several from the borders of Ireland: besides divers good Ships, with some eminent Families that are lately gone off from the Kingdom of England. Moreover, its a salubrious Air to the sick, and diseased; and a generous retirement to necessitous, and ab­ject Families; as also the assurance of such as study to be rich: Engins strong enough one would think to induce Mankind to hope the prosperity of this famous Settlement.

But the settlement of Albemarle (otherwise called Roanoak) presents first to our view; and is the oldest, and remotest Northern County in the fair Province of Carolina; scituated about 35 Degrees, and odd Minutes North Latitude: from whose replenished Meadows (as also from the more Southern Inhabitants) as good Beef, and Pork is saved, and sent off to Barbadoes, and other the Charibbee Islands, as Art and Industry can husband.

Now Ashley County is yet more southward, and lies scituated 32 degrees, 45 minutes; where the Setlers and Inhabitants toil not in Summer to accommodate themselves with Win­ter's Provision: because hitherto they have considered it useless, and altogether unnecessary for the Planter to employ his Hands, and Strength, where Nature so liberally stocks them with Herbage: and the Winter, because so softned with a moderate Air, represents it much of the cast and temperament with our March in England; and that's as much as to consider it the relique only of a mild and short Winter, or rather the surprizal of an approaching Spring, that breaths forth to iniciate the Summer. And here it is that their Ships are built, and drest up by Bermudian hands, the most approved Mariners; and a general Errour if not the best navigating Ships in America.

And now by way of Advice, the first thing requisit and necessary for the Setler to embrace, is to fell Timber, and to clear the Ground (which is reasonably undertaken, as by an Ad­vertisement in the last Paragraph) as some already have done, and planted Potatoes, the Cas­saida Root, Yams, Eddies, Carrots, Cabbidges, Onyons, Turnips, Parsnips, Shelots, (but they grow naturally there) Collyflowers, Artichokes, Musk-Melons, and Water-Melons; besides Wormwood, Nep, Scurvy-grass, Rue, Meadsweet, Trefoil, Cinquefoil, Elecampane, (Annis, Cububs, and Car­damome Seeds) Radishes, and Horse-Radishes, Mellelot, Angellica, Arch-Angel, Rosemary, Thime, Lettice, Spinage, Sweetmarjarum, Summer, and Winter-Savory, Endive, Succory, Hopps, Water-Cresses, Cena, and China-Root, with other Druggs, and Saxafrage, Sassafras, and Sassaperrilla: besides divers other Vegitables without number.

Moreover, all sorts of English Grane, as Wheat, Rye, Barley, Peas, Beans, Oates, Lentills, Fitches, and Indian Corn, with other European and American Roots, and Plants; which Carolina beyond dispute with small industry will produce as large, and as good as the World has.

The next thing worthy our consideration, is their plentiful Eating; because having their accommodation very cheap within themselves; where Beef two years since was sold at 12 s. a 100, and Pork at the rate of 16 s. So that Cattel (you may read) begins to be plentiful, and Hoggs of a prodigious encrease. And most of those Cattel very fair, and large-headed Beasts, now grazing up and down in beautiful Savana's, little or nothing inferiour to our English Meadows: there are several industrious Setlers, and Planters, that prosper very well, tho not having much to begin with.

Moreover, there are Barrows (which by reason of the superabundant plenty of Mast, and Roots in those parts) that some have weighed three or four hundred weight a-piece, and such had the Lady Yeomans, as I am credibly informed, who had 400 Hoggs in a Herd, and 500 Turkies in a Drove; besides Dunghil Fowls too numerous to relate without suspition. And which Plantation of hers, consisting of 1500 Acres, was by the industry of one Mr. James Moore (an English Gentleman) cleared from Charge in some three years time, and with the [Page]natural produce of the Country only; which amplifies the great fertility of the [...] [...] gether with the encrease of Beef, and Pork, which if well saved, and sent off to [...] (as some has already been sent to Barbadoes) must of necessity bring in consider [...] [...]

Upon Honey some have strong Inclinations, when because having such variety (and Blossoms) that invites to accommodate the Laborious Bee; where, as b [...] [...] they become so prolifick, as frequently to swarm four times in a year; and such [...] crease from one single Hive, brought over from Bermudus (tho half of them wer [...] [...] that within less than two full years, Captain Morris Matthews (an industrious Ge [...] [...] manages Lieutenant Colonel James Colleton's Plantation) had a produce of more th [...] [...] besides a Presentation made to the Governour and others.

The Indian Natives get a sweet Oil out of the Hickery Nutt, which is much [...] of our English Walnut, but not so racy, nor the Kernel so plump and pleasant; [...] they sell for Beads and Trifles of little or no value: which Oil may be much mo [...] [...] and substituted in lieu of Oil Olives. So that the staple Commodities of Ca [...] Wine, Oil, Silk, Hides, Wool, Tallow, Honey, Bees-Wex, Tobacco, Hemp, Flax, Linn [...] Cloth, Pitch, Tar, Cordage, and Masts for Shipping.

Here are very tall, large, and streight Timber-Trees (the World has not better [...] the Ash; the White, the Red and the Live Oak: but the Cyprus Tree grows to an [...] [...] ness, as also the Walnut, and Hickery or American Walnut already exprest. [...] stately and tall Cedars, both White, and Red, that cover the Earth. And the [...] Asp, and Poplar, that grow to an incredible magnitude: besides several other a [...] [...] that I cannot at present remember. There is also the Birch, the Beech, the Wil [...] [...] the Alder, the Elm, the Sicamore, the Mulberry, and the Figg-Tree; but they [...] [...] where: and the Maligatoon, and Peach is common, without Cultivation; yet no [...] Fruit is observed in Europe than what naturally grows wild in America. Vines [...] themselves to inamour the Trees in every Wood: and Strawberries strew thems [...] [...] Fields. But Violets, I had almost forgot them, because the Inhabitants depress th [...] [...] ing them under foot; yet they, with various other Flowers, perfume the Air. [...] sprout up so plentifully in every Plantation, that the Planters themselves are th [...] [...] with to make Fences. And where all other Roots and Fruit-Trees thrive to [...] the Orange Trees, Limon Trees, and China Orange Trees, Quince Trees, Cherry Trees [...] Pear Trees, and Prickle Pears, that bear twice a year. Then there's the Almon [...] [...] over to plant, and Tamarinds, Eldern, Goosberries, Curran Trees, Rassberries, Pome­granats; and some say Plantins, and Bonano's. Certainly this Climate is destin [...] [...] the Native American, and with the Blessings of Heaven to refresh the solicitous [...]

This I should think (with other Advantages) were enough to compensate the [...] and Industry of the Setlers, besides the natural propensity of Love the Natives h [...] [...] Souls liv'd only in the Bosom of the English by natural Instinct, because when to [...] themselves and services to fish, and hunt their Game for a Trifle; to fell Tim [...] [...] Corn, and to gather in their Crop: as also to Pilot, and convey them from o [...] [...] to another. So that in many respects, the simple poverty of these indigent Nat [...] [...] [...] the Law of Kind (and Humanity) to be sweetned, and encouraged; if because [...] [...] sider their moral Civility, and innate Simplicity: which I hope the English Inha [...] [...] [...] fortunate Southern Latitude will consider, and mingle with so much Discretion, [...] [...] tion of Piety, as not to contrive them Hypocrites (fatal to the Practice of New- [...] [...] cause cause when designing to convert them to Christianity.

Here in these parts you may expect to meet with abundance of Navigable Ri [...] [...] their Soundings I shall particularize more in my next; as also of their Rivulets, [...] [...] staline Streams are clear and transparent. But their imbellish'd Meadows, fertil, [...] [...] ing Savana's, are guarded with pleasant and solitary Woods; besides delicious Fi [...] [...] [...] stures that direct to Admiration. Which to numerate, as also to frame a Catalog [...] [...] [...] rious Families of Fish, and their store; whose prodigious increase here to inse [...] [...] However, some of them are Shad, Sturgeon and Salmon, omitting Whale, which a [...] [...] in these Seas; so is the Seel or Selk, the Bottle-Nose, and the Porpus, besides many o [...] [...] Fish: but the Shark to admiration, wants Courage here, as indeed all other Ra [...] [...] [...] tures do, for if they see but the Face of an Infant, they immediatly fly. Anoth [...] [...] Drum, Porgee, Bass, Boneto, Dolphin, Albechore, Sheepsheads, Oldwives, Catfish, Cav [...] [...] and Mullets the largest in America. Trout also they have of two foot long, be [...] [...] the Eel, and the Perch; with several other fresh-water Fish omitted (without co [...] [...] Catalogue. And their Shell-fish are Crabbs, better than those in England; but [...] have none that I hear of. However, Cockles, and Mussles they have; and Bank [...] [...] [...] tains of Oysters (and some with Pearl) that seem to barocade the Crieks. Beside [...] [...] Prawns and Shrimps, in the brackish and salt Waters, but Crawfish in the freshes; [...] [...] rious Entertainments, both to the Native, and fortunate Planter. But their An [...] [...] Turtle, Bever, Otters, Manitee, Alegators, &c.

And their Fleshes are Beeves, Veals, Porks, Stagg, and Fallow Deer, Raccoons, Apos [...] [...] Lamb, Kid, Hare, Rabit, &c. But Ravenous Creatures are Wolves, Foxes, Bears, Pan [...] [...] And their Venemons Creature is the Rattlesnake. Then there's Wild Fowl to [...] as Signets, Swans, and Wild Turkies of incredible weight, besides teems of Geese, a [...] [...] sorts. There is Pheasant also, Cranes, and Heronshaws, the Woodcock, and Teal, wi [...] [...] Poot, Morefowl, Curlue, and Covies of Partridges; besides Plover great store, gre [...] [...] There also are Turtle Doves, Feldivers, Sea Larks, Snade, Levericks, Widgins, and [...] [...] berless; besides the Mockbird, with diversity and variety of Singing Birds, and ot [...] [...] Fowl, that I cannot accompt for. Moreover, they have plenty of Dunghil Fow [...] [...] and Hen, the Goose, the Turkey, the Muscovy and English Duck and Drake. Wh [...] [...] Savana's are crowded with Deer, and large and stately Herds of Cattel patrole t [...] [...] as Sheep the pleasant Pastures; and where every Field is replenish'd with Corn, [...] Gardens in Asia, and Europe enriched with choice Stone Fruits; but Almon [...] [...] Aprecock-Trees, Malagatoons, and the Mustin Plumb (the richest Stone Fruit in Eng [...] [...] divers other Trees, as the Bone Crittongon, and the Burgamy Pear; besides Pippi [...] [...] [...] mains, Golden Russitins, Harvey, Lady-finger, and Red-streak, with various other [...] now sent over by the Honourable Sir Peter Colleton Bar. one of the Lords Propri [...] [...] several Fruit-Trees, Flowers, and Roots, by divers other able Gentlemen and M [...] [...] have already laid a Foundation in this Southern Latitude of Carolina.

Advertisement. There is one Mr. Nathan Sumers Engineer for Carolina, that hath underta [...] [...] Engine of his own] with the Lords Proprietors, and others to unburden, and clear the Ground to [...] [...] qation at 12 Pence a Tree, if not exceeding six Foot Diameter; and 6 d. a Tree from one Foot to [...] [...] ches Diameter. And that the said Propriators have contracted with the said Sumers, to secure to hi [...] [...] the sole use and benefit of the said Invention, for 14 years, as certifyed.