A.

A THE Firr-Tree. The Bark and Abies. Leaves are Bitterish, Rough, and have a Turpentine Taste and Smell. It is a good Vul­nerary; and therefore works, as Turpen­tine, by Ʋrine in the Stone and Scurvy.

The Leaves are most Rough in Taste, and therefore most Vulnerary. This is to be referr'd to the Turpentine Class. The Young Leaves of Firr and Pine are Sourish and Rough.

Southernwood is of a very Bitter, Acrid, Abrota­num. Hot Taste, and Strong Smell. Outward­ly it is good against Convulsions and Pal­sies. In its Bitter, Acrid Taste, and Fetid­ness, it seems to resemble Sea-Wormwood, and to belong to the same kind. It hath something Aromatick in the Smell, like Chamaemel.

Common Wormwood is very Bitter, A­crid, Absinthi­um Com­mune. and Hot in Taste, with a grateful Smell. As it has a Bitter and Acrid Taste, it cleanses the Stomach, and excites Appe­tite, provokes Ʋrine, and opens the Li­ver; therefore it is good in the Jaun­dice and Dropsie. By the afore-mention'd Qualities, it outwardly discusses Tumors, inwardly kills Worms, and is good in long Tertians, by rectifying the Acidities in the Cholerick Blood.

The Roots are not Bitter, but Sweet, Aromatick, and Hot, like Chervil; and are Diuretick, Carminative, and Stoma­chick. Dr. Grew says, There is a Tur­pentine [Page 89] in Wormwood-Roots, and also an Astringency in Wormwood, and in all strong Bitters.

Sea-Wormwood hath a less Bitterness, Absinthi­um Seri­phium. but more unpleasant; of the same Ver­tue as the former, but weaker.

The Sycomore-Tree: The Bark is a Acer ma­jus, Syca­morus. little Mucilaginous, Bitter, and Rough; the Juyce which runs upon Tapping, is Sweet, Nauseous, and Astringent; the Leaves taste very Rough; the Vertue lies in the Astringency, with a little Bit­terness.

Common Maple: Its Bark is very Rough Acer mi­nus. and Bitterish; the Vertue depends upon the Astringency.

Common Sorrel: Its Leaves are Acid Acetosa vulgaris. and Astringent; by which it cools in Fevers, excites Appetite, and is Diu­retick.

The Root is Bitter, Astringent, and Nauseous: There is an Anti-febrile Ver­tue in it, by purging Choler from the Blood. The Root is Yellow without, and has a Dock-Bitterness; to which I refer it.

Wood-Sorrel is the same: If the Juyce Acetosella. be thicken'd, the Crystals that settle in the Bottom, taste like Cream of Tartar, Gritty and Sowre.

The Sheep-Sorrel, and Acetosa Rotundi­folia, Acetosa Lanceolata have the same Taste and Vertue.

Wild Basil tastes Bitterish and Sub­acrid, Acinos. with an Aromatick Smell: It is a Cephalick, by that Taste and Smell.

The Aromatick Reed: The Root tastes Acorus ve­rus, seu Ca­lamus Aro­maticus. Bitterish, with an Aromatick Taste and Smell, by which it discusses Wind. It is Cordial, and provokes Ʋrine, and works as an Aromatick. It savours something of a Balsamick Turpentine.

Wall-Rue is Sweet-Astringent, like the Adianthum album. Ferns; by which it is a Splenetick, check­ing the Fermentation of the Blood; and it's a Vulnerary for the Lungs and Kid­neys.

Golden Maiden-Hair is Astringent, like Adianthum aureum minus. the Ferns; with an Earthy Smell, by which Mosses and Ferns differ most, being of a very like Nature.

Holly-Tree: The Bark tastes Mucila­ginous, Agrifolium a little Biting, and Bitterish: The Leaves are Bitterish; by which it doth good in the Colick, if boyl'd in Posset-Drink. Holly hath an Acrid in it, joyn'd with Bitterish, and a Mucilage; therefore, the distill'd Water may help the Stone.

Red Berries of Holly-Tree taste Sweet, Agrifolii Baccae. Bitterish, Acrid, and Mucilaginous; by which they are Purgative.

Agrimony is moderately Bitter, Sub­acrid, Agrimonia vulgar. and Astringent, with an Aromatick Smell: By its Bitterness, it's good for the Stomach, and Obstructions of the Liver; by its Astringency, it is Vulnerary; and by its Aromatick Smell, is Cordial: Its Astringency makes it good for stopping involuntary Pissing; and its Bitterness corrects the Acidity of the Ʋrine, which stimulates too much.

Vervain-Mallow is Mucilaginous, like Alcea vul­gar. Common Mallows, and of the same Vertues.

Ladies Mantle is moderately Astrin­gent, Alchimilla vulgar. without any Heat; by which Qua­lity it's good in all Fluxes of Blood, and in Wounds.

Jack by the Hedge: Its Smell is Rank, Alliaria. like Garlick; and it is Bitterish and Acrid in its Taste: Its Vertues are like those of Garlick, and are good for the Cough. It is Diuretick, and resists Infection; and is good in Sawces. It is outwardly us'd in Gangreens, and fordid Ʋlcers, in the form of an Oyntment.

Ramsons: They smell like Leeks, and Allium Ur­sinum. their Taste is the same: The Roots re­semble Leeks. They are very Mucilagi­nous and Acrid, with a Garlick Smell, and of the same Vertue as Leeks.

Common-Alder: The Bark is Astrin­gent, Alnus vul­gar. and a little Bitter: The Leaves are of the same Taste, but less strong, and feel Gummy.

Black-Elder: The Bark is Bitter and Alnus Ni­gra Bacci­fera. Slimy; the Berries Sweet, Bitter, and Mu­cilaginous; the Leaves are Mucilaginous, and Bitterish: They all Purge and Vo­mit. Outwardly the Bark is good for the Itch in Oyntments, by its Mucilagi­nous Bitterness.

Chickweed: Its Taste is Watry, Crude, Alsine Te­nuifolia. and feels Mucilaginous: It therefore cools Inflammations.

Speedwell-Chickweed is Bitterish-Astrin­gent; Alsine Fo­liis Vero­nicae. and therefore no Chickweed; but, by its Taste, is a Vulnerary.

Marsh-Mallow Roots, Leaves, Flowers, Althaea vulgar. and Seeds are very Mucilaginous: Whence it is good in Decoctions for the Stone and Cough; as also is the Syrup. Out­wardly it mollifies and allays Pains: It is put into Baths and Cataplasms; and is an Emollient. The Mucilage is good for Chops in the Breast, and Pains by Vesi­catories.

Brook-lime is a little Acrid, with much Anagallis Aqu. seu Becabun­ga. Waterishness, and great Astringency: By which Tastes it stops Bleeding, cools the Inflammations of the Blood; and is good for the Scurvy, by its pungent Parts.

Male-Pimpernell: It tastes like Sorrel; Anagallis mas flore Phoeniceo. and afterwards it heats and bites, by its Acrimony. This Acrid-Acid is good in Pestilential Waters; by its Acrimony it provokes Sweat, and by its Acidity, Ʋ ­rine.

Pimpernell with Yellow Flowers, smells Anagallis Lutea. like Sorrel when rubb'd, and tastes Rough and Astringent; therefore a good Vul­nerary.

Tutsan, or Park-Leaves, hath a strong Androsae­mum vul­gar. Turpentine Smell; the Taste is a little Sowre-Astringent, and Bitterish: There­fore it is an excellent Vulnerary, and Diu­retick; and though the Turpentine is in the Smell very much, yet it tastes but a little Bitter.

Wood-Crowfoot is very Acrid, or Cau­stick; Anemone Nemorum. flies up into the Nose, if rubb'd: Is a sort of Ranunculus, and Bitterish.

The Root of the Garden-Anemone tastes Watry, Sweet-Acrid, and a little Slimy.

Angelica the Lesser, or Gout-wort, smells Angelica minor seu Podagraria like Angelica, and tastes like it, but no­thing so strong: It hath the same Ver­tues in a lower Degree. It is called Poda­graria, from its knobbed Joynts on the Roots, rather than from any Vertue for the Gout.

Wild Angelica is Sweet, Bitterish, and Angelica Sylvestris. Aromatick; like the Garden sort in Taste and Vertue; but not so strong.

Common Rest-Harrow, with Purplish Anonis Spi­nosa flo. Purpureo. Flowers: The Roots and Leaves have a Pea-Taste, Sweet and Mucilaginous; the Leaves feel clammy, and smell strong. The [Page 95] Vertues are from the Mucilage, good for the Stone; and from its strong Smell, Diu­retick and Aperitive.

Kidney-Vetch hath a sweet Pea-Taste, Anthyllis Legumi­nosa. and a little Bitter; being rubbed, it smells rank Oyly; and therefore is accounted Vulnerary.

Snap-Dragon tastes Bitterish and Muci­laginous, Antirrhi­num. with an Elder-Smell: So that it is Discutient, Anodyne, and Emollient, like Linaria, and of the same Virtues.

Clivers hath a Hot, Acrid, Bitterish and Aparine Vulgaris. Sub-Astringent Taste; and therefore is a good Diuretick, either boyl'd in White-Wine, or its Juice, or Powder, or distill'd Water. Outwardly applied with Hoggs-grease, it may discuss Scrophulous Tumors. It is a Madder.

Wild-Smallage is like the Garden sort, Apium. in Taste and Vertue; Bitterish, Sweet, Hot, and Aromatick in the Root, Seeds and Leaves: It is therefore Carminative, Diuretick, and a good Aperitive. Smal­lage has a Bitterishness in the Leaves and Roots, which makes it ungrateful.

Columbines: The Leaves and Flowers Aquilegia Sylvestris. taste Bitterish-Sweet; the Roots are Wa­terish, and a little Bitter, and Sub-acrid. It is therefore a temperate Plant, rather Hot than Cold. The Roots are Diure­tick; the Leaves are used in Gargles for Sore-Mouths. Columbine is of the Pea-Tribe.

Bastard-Poppy is of an Opiate Smell; in Argemone. Taste, Mucilaginous: It is Opiate, as Pa­paver Rhoeas.

Wild-Tansie: The Leaves are Rough-Astringent, Argentina. and dry; the Roots Bitter-A­stringent, like Cinquefoyl. It stops Fluxes, and Hemorrhages; and is Vulnerary and Antifebrile, by the Bitterish Roughness.

Deptford-Pink: If rubbed, it smells Armeria Sylvestris. Sweet, tastes Sweet-Bitter, and is nause­ously Bitter-Astringent, like Garden-Pinks in Taste.

Meadow-Pink, or Wild-Williams, is Armerius Pratensis. Waterish and crude like the Lychnis.

Mugwort tastes Bitterish and Aroma­tick, Artemisia Vulg. with an Aromatick Smell: It is Ce­phalick and Uterine. It is inwardly used [Page 97] in Syrup of the Juyce, in Water for Fits of the Mother, and driving out the Menses, but it doth that weakly. Outwardly it is used in warm Baths: The Smell resembles Wormwood, and is of that kind.

Wake-Robin: It is strongly Acrid, Pun­gent, Arum vul­gare. and Vesicating the Palate and Tongue, by its Volatile Salt; it is not perceived till after some time. By that Salt, it is good for the Scurvy; it is Diu­retick, Antisplenetick, Pectoral, and Cepha­lick; the Salt flies away being long Pow­dered. The Red-Berries are Biting and Slimy. The Leaves rubbed have no con­siderable Smell, in respect of their Acri­mony: Vinegar corrects the Acrimony, and therefore the Acrimony is Saline, and not Oleous: But the Pouches stink ve­ry nauseously, which stink depends upon an Oyl and Salt.

St. Peters-wort smells and tastes (like Ascyrum vulgare. St. Johns-wort) of Turpentine, and is Bitter­ish and Astringent; and therefore is Vul­nerary.

Asparagus: The Roots have a Pea-taste, Asparagus. Bitterish, Watry, and Acrid; which, as in other Diureticks, affects the Throat, and [Page 98] therefore it is a great Diuretick, and Opener of Obstructions. The Grassie Leaves of Asparagus, have a Pea-taste, and if rub­bed, they smell like Peascods: The Faetor they give to the Ʋrine, proceeds from an Oyliness; which is observable in many of the Pea-tastes: to which Faetor also the Acrid hot parts of the Asparagus, which are perceptible in eating of green Sparagrass, by burning the Throat, do much conduce: The Berries have a sweet Taste.

Woodroof is Bitter and Acrid, with a Asperula. Fragrant Smell: It's therefore a good opening Hepatick; and by its Taste and Smell, appears to be a Madder. The Fra­grancy of it argues a Cordial Vertue. It is usually infused in Beer, or distilled.

Ceterach is sweet and rough like other Asplenium. Ferns, good against Fluxes, and Bleeding, and Splenetick Fermentations of the Blood, by its rough Astringency. There is an obscure Acrimony in all Ferns, by which they are Aperitive.

Wild Orach: The Root, Leaves, and Atriplex Sylvestris. Seeds are Mucilaginous, and of a crude Fetid Scent. Outwardly in Fomentations [Page 99] and in Clysters, it's Emollient, Cooling, and Anodyne: It seems not proper for inward use by its ungrateful Smell, and nauseous Mucilage.

Stinking Orach tastes Mucilaginous, Atriplex Olida. and is Fetid in Smell, by which it is An­tihysterical.

Oats: The Green-Corn tastes sweet and Avena. crude; the Oats are Mucilaginous-sweet.

Mouse-Ear is Bitterish and Astringent, Auricula Muris seu Pilosella. therefore good in Fits of Agues, and in Fluxes; and is a Vulnerary: It may be re­ferred to the Hawk-weeds. Outwardly, by the Astringency, it cures the Herpes. It Tastes of an ill Fusty Taste towards Winter, by lying near the Ground.

B.

B STinking Horehound is of a Dead-Nettle, Ballote. strong, stinking Smell, and very Bitter in Taste; by which it is Antihysterick, and Antihypocon­driack; and outwardly cleansing in Ʋl­cers. It is a little Acrid, and belongs to the Lamium-Class.

Winter-Cresses is of a Cress-Taste and Barbarea lutea Lati­folia. Vertue: It cleanses Ʋlcers outwardly, by its Cress-Pungency.

Great Burdock: The Root tastes Watry, Bardana major. Slimy, Bitterish, and Smoaky; by which it is Diuretick, and good in the Gout, Stone, and Cough. The Seed is Bitter, and of the same Vertue with the Root: The Leaves are very Bitter, like Carduus Benedictus, and may be used for Sweating and Vomiting, instead of it. This Plant, by its Prickly head, and Purple Flower, is like to the Carduus kind, as well as by the smoaky Taste, and Bitterish Slime.

Spatling Poppy has a crude Taste and Behen Al­bum. Smell, like other Lychnis's; and is of the same Vertue.

Great Dasie: The whole Plant is sweet Bellis ma­jor. like Liquorish, and therefore of the same Vertue in Coughs; it is also a little Pun­gent (discernible most in the Stalk.) This Acrid makes it useful in an Ortho­pnoea. I use it as Thea, and sweeten it with Syrup of the Juice of Horehound. The sweet Smell of it is Fragrant, like Erigerum, and the Leaves resemble it; but in Taste it is most like Rampions.

Little Dasie: The Leaves and Roots Bellis mi­nor. are Acid; and therefore are Cooling and Diuretick, when boyl'd in Broth for Children. I took three spoonfuls of the Juyce of the Leaves, for divers Mornings, and found no Purging quality in it. I judge it is of the Sorrel-Species and Ver­tue; and I think the Juyce is proper for Spitting of Blood; but do not think it properly Vulnerary, tho' Authors call it Consolida minor. The taste of the Root is Bitterish and Pungent-acid; wherefore the Acidity in Dasies is like the Pungent Acidity of Vinegar; and then it may be accounted a Sorrel: Or else it hath an A­crimony joyned with the Acid, like Rosa Solis; for it doth a little blister, though without Heat.

Water-Betony is nauseously Bitter, and Betonica Aquatica. of an Elder. Smell; it has the Taste and Vertues of Scrophularia: It is most used in Oyntments, for Tumors, Burns, and Ʋlcers.

Wood-Betony is Bitterish, and a little Betonica vulgaris. Hot, with an Aromatick Smell, but some­what resembling the Lamiums. By the Taste and Smell it is Cephalick, Diuretick, Pectoral and Vulnerary. It is used in [Page 102] Powder, Juyce, and Conserve of the Flowers. The Roots are very Bitter, like Peach-Kernels, and may cause Vomiting or Purging. It seems to belong to the Lamium-Class, the Root tasting like Veravin-Root.

The Birch-Tree: The Bark is very Betula. Rough and Bitter, and so may be Vulne­rary; and as such, will act inwardly: It will make a good Extract. The Leaves are Mealy, Mucilaginous, and a little Bit­ter, and so may be good in Baths for the Itch. They smell a little Sweet; the fresh Juyce of the wounded Tree is Sweet, which will turn Sowre: It will make a good Wine for the Stone with Spices. The crude Juyce is too raw for the Sto­mach: If it be Distilled or Brewed with Malt, it may be good for Hecticks.

Tway-Blade: The Taste is Sweet, Mu­cilaginous, Bisolium Slyvestre. and a little Acrid or Biting. It is probably of the Orchis kind: Its Vertue lyes in the Mucilage, or Acrid Biting; by both which it may be out­wardly Emollient, and inwardly Diuretick.

Bistort: The Root is rough, and bit­terish Bistorta vulgaris. like Sorrel; and therefore stops [Page 103] Fluxes, abates Praeternatural Fermentati­ons, and so is Alexipharmack, and not Su­dorifick; but it abates too much Sweat­ing, as well as Acids: The Leaves are Crude and Mucilaginous. It seems a kind of Sorrel.

Blite is Mucilaginous, and Crude in Blitum mi­nus album. Taste; therefore its Vertue is Cooling and Mucilaginous; of the nature of Beets or Atriplex.

English Mercury: It's Sorrel-tasted in Bonus Henricus. the Roots, Leaves and Seeds, exasperating or corroding the Throat: The Leaves are also Mucilaginous, and of a Grassy Smell: It is therefore accounted Emolli­ent; and its Acid outwardly cools Inflam­mations. It has Sandy, Globular parts on the backside of the Leaves; which may work as Testaceous Powders, and be Diuretick. The exasperating Quality may irritate in a Pessus, and make it Laxa­tive in Clysters, as well as its Mucilage; from the same also is its Diuretick Quali­ty. I think it like Atriplex or Beets: It is good for Warts outwardly; and dis­cusses in Cataplasms, as appears by the burning Quality in the Throat.

Mr. Ray says, The Root is Acrid and Bitter.

White-Bryony: The Root tastes Sub­acrid, Bryonia Alba. very Bitter, and Mucilaginous; and therefore Vomits and Purges, as other Bit­ter Mucilages do. Outwardly, by the same Qualities, it cures Warts, Struma's, Pains of the Hips, Bruises, Pains of the Sides, and Gout-Pains; and is laid to the Feet in Cataplasms, for Distempers of the Head.

If the Root be dryed, and the Muci­lage afterwards drawn out by Infusing in Wine, and then again dryed, it Purges and Vomits much less. Mr. Ray.

The Leaves of Bryony have the same Taste and Vertue; and some have used the Decoction of them for the Stone; but ten spoonfuls thereof Purged and Vomited a Dogg strongly. The Red Berries have a most abominable Taste and Smell; Country-men give them for the Hoost to the Cows. The Faeculae of the Root are Purgative; and, as Fetids and Bitters, they work in Hysterick Cases. The Sprouts boyl'd like young Asparagus, I found most nauseous, and not fit to Eat.

The Roots are pounded into a Con­serve for Fits; but I cannot believe any Stomach can hold them.

Black-Bryony: The Leaves are Muci­laginous, Bryonia Nigra. [Page 105] Bitterish, and a little Biting, and therefore Diuretick; the Root is A­crid, and (as a Physician told me) bli­sters the Hands. It is as Diuretick, but not so Purgative as the White-Bryony.

Small Wild-Bugloss: The Leaves and Buglossum Sylvestre minus. Roots are Cool, Watry, and Mucilagi­nous; in Juyce and in Decoction it cools Hecticks, Inflammations, Heats, and Thirst, and stops Rheums: The Flowers have a little Cordial Heat in them, besides their Watry Mucilage.

Bugle is Bitter and Rough in Taste, Bugula Cae­rulea. and therefore Vulnerary: I suppose it may be a Veronica or Lamium. Bugle, Scabiose, and Sanicle, make a good Oynt­ment, with Bores-grease, for Wounds.

Earth-Nuts are Sweet, Hot, and Aro­matick, Bulbo ca­stanum. and belong to the Fenil-kind, by Taste and Vertue: The Roots are Sweet and Mucilaginous; the sweet A­crimony and Mucilage makes them Di­uretick and Venereal.

Shepherds-Purse is of a Cress-Smell and Bursa Pa­storis. Taste, tho' in a low degree: The Astrin­gency is but small, and deserves not the [Page 106] Character of an excellent Astringent.

Box-Tree: The Leaves and Bark are Buxus. very Bitter and Rough, therein resembling Guaiacum by its Taste; and therefore used in its stead, in drying Decoctions. I can­not perceive any Narcotick quality in it. It is given to Horses for the Botts. Some account it Antiscorbutick.

C.

C CALAMINT is of a Bitterish and Calamin­tha vulga­ris. very Acrid, Aromatick Taste, and of a strong Aromatick Mint Smell; and therefore is an hot Cephalick, Uterine, Pectoral, and Stomachick, by its Bitter­ness and Acrimony; thereby giving a quick motion to the Spirits, and also heat­ing the Nervous Fibres.

Marsh-Marigold: The Flowers smell Caltha Pa­lustris. like Lilies; the Leaves are Mucilaginous, and a little warm or pungent. By its Acrimony it is a Marigold, or rather a Crow-foot.

Bell-flowers; The Leaves are Biting, Campanu­la rotundi­folia. and sweet like Rampions.

Bastard-Hemp is Bitterish, Sub-acrid, Cannabis spuria. and of an Aromatick smell: It is accoun­ted a Lamium.

Hemp is Bitter and Acrid, of a sweet Cannabis Sativa. Aromatick Smell, like Agrimony, but more strong: It is not fit to be taken inwardly; for by that Smell it produces Giddiness; and probably kills Fish: It has a more offensive Smell after it is gathered and dryed. By its bitter Acrimony it is most fit for outward use in discussing and dis­solving Kernels, and easing Pains. The Seeds have a Mucilage, and are used in Emulsions, as Diureticks and Openers in the Jaundice, by the bitter Acrimony and strong Smell. No Diuretick can be an Antivenereal, as Hemp has been accoun­ted; unless it destroys the Animalcula in Semine, as it does Worms, and other In­sects, and Fishes in the River.

An Oyl may be expressed from the Seed for Burns.

Ladies Smock is a Biting-Acrid, like Cardamine the Nasturtiums, and of a Cress-Smell and Vertue.

Mother-wort is very Biting and Bitter, Cardiaca. therefore good in Hypochondriack Faintings, and Fits of the Mother, to provoke Ʋrine, and the Menses, and to Expectorate: And it is also a Cephalick in Convulsions and Palsies; but is chiefly an Hepatick, as Bitter-Acrids are.

The Smell of it is like Dead-Nettle, and belongs to that Tribe. It is also rec­koned amongst Bezoardicks, for its Bitter-Acrimony.

Thistles: They taste Watry, Mucila­ginous, Carduus vulgaris Lanceola­tus. Bitterish, and Smoaky, by which they are Diureticks; but also very nau­seous.

Ladies-Thistle: The Leaves are Bit­terish Carduus Mariae. and Slimy, and may be Eaten boil'd. The Root is Bitter, Mucilaginous, and Smoaky; by which it is Diuretick, but very offensive; as any other Carduus is to the Stomach; and therefore may be Vomitory, as Carduus Benedictus is.

Carline-Thistle: The Roots taste Bit­terish, Carlina. and a little Acrid, of a Mithridate flavor. It may be therefore used as an Alexipharmack, and Hepatick, and Diu­retick, because of its Bitterish Acrimony. It [Page 109] is Sub-acrid, and a little Aromatick, mixt with an unpleasant Smell.

Avens: The Leaves are Astringent, Caryophyl­lata vulga­ris. [...]nd therefore given before the Fits of a [...]ertian Ague. The Roots smell and taste [...]ke Cloves; and are therefore Cordial, Ce­ [...]alick, Stomachick, and Alexipharmack. The Root has also an Astringent Taste; [...]nd therefore good in Fluxes of the Belly, [...]nd Weakness of the Stomach; given in [...]owder, or Infusion in Wine: the Vertue [...]es in being an Aromatick Astringent, [...]itterish and Acrid. By the Taste and [...]mell it is a Clove-Gilliflower.

Chesnut-Tree: The Bark is very Rough, Castanea. [...]nd a little Bitter. The Leaves are a lit­ [...]e Sowre, Slimy, and Hot; they smell [...]moaky. The Bark is used as an Astrin­ [...]ent in Loosenesses, and the Whites. The [...]ruit is Sweet-tasted, fit for Food, with [...]n Astringency, which lyes in the Skin [...]s the Fruit.

Hedge-Parsley: The Leaves, Root, and Caucalis. [...]owers are Hot, Sweet, and Aromatick [...]nd its Taste and Smell is like Daucus [...]nd therefore is Diuretick and Carmina­ [...]ve.

Lesser-Centaury has a very strong Bit­ter Centauri­um minus. Taste, like a Peach-Kernel, with an evident Astringency, but no Acrimony or Pungent Heat; therefore it may be used as a good Hepatick, Ʋterine, and Anti­febrifick, in Extract, Decoction, or Pow­der, in the Jaundice, Gout, and Fevers. Outwardly, it is a cleansing Vulnerary and Cicatrises. It is not unlike a Bitter Lychnis. Quaere, Whether there be any Sweetness in Centaury, besides the Bitter?

Birds-Cherry: The Bark is nauseously Cerasus A­vium race­mosa. Bitter and Astringent, and of a Peach-Kernel-Taste. The Leaves are of the same Taste and Smell, resembling the Leaf of a Cherry-Tree. The Flowers smell very Fragrant.

Cherry-Tree: The Bark is very Bitter Cerasus vulgaris. and Astringent; but it makes a whiter Powder than Jesuits Powder: The Bark may be given for the Fits of Convulsion, as well as Black-Cherry-Water, which has the Virtue from its Bitterishness.

Acid-Cherries cool and excite Appetite.

The Sweet nourish, and may loosen the Belly.

The Black are Bitterish; their Water, Spirit, and Wine are good for Convulsions.

Cherry-Tree Gum is good for Hoarsnes­ses, and Ʋlcerations of the Kidneys, by its Mucilage.

Black-Cherry-Tree-Leaves are Bitterish and Mucilaginous.

Chervil: The Roots, Leaves, and Seeds Cerefoli­um Sylve­stre & Hor­tense. are Sweet, and sensibly Hot, Aromatick and Diuretick, Carminative and Pectoral. Outwardly it is used in Fomentations for the Stone, Colick, and Swelling of the Breasts: The distilled Water and Juyce are most used; the Juyce is good for Ver­tigoes.

Germander tastes very Bitter and Acrid, Chamae­drys Sylve­stris & Hor­tensis. and smells like Hops; it is accounted a Diuretick, Splenetick, Hepatick, Ʋterine, Antifebrifick, and Arthritick. It seems referible to the Lamiums by the Smell; and is Sub-aromatick like Betony; and so are some of the Lamiums. Outwardly it is good in Gangreens and sordid Ʋlcers.

Chamomile tastes Bitterish and Acrid; Chamae­melum vulgare. and is Aromatick in smell; therefore it is chiefly Cephalick, Diuretick, Sudorifick, and Ʋterine. Outwardly it is discussing▪ the Juyce is given before Fits of the Ague, and for pains of the Stomach. The Flow­ers [Page 112] Infused in White-Wine, taste Saltish, and are used for the Stone. Mr. Ray.

Groundpine tastes very Bitter, and has Chamaepi­tys vulga­ris. a Terebinthinate taste and smell: It is good in Arthritick cases, by its Bitterness and Turpentine; and also for cleansing of the Womb by the same quality; and is very Diuretick.

The Greater-Celandine is extreamly Chelidoni­um majus. Bitter and Acrid; by which it is accoun­ted good in the Jaundice, and Obstructions of the Liver: The Juyce is outwardly used to the Eyes, but chiefly the Water. By the same Quality it is Diuretick and Alexi­pharmack. Outwardly it is good for the Herpes; and is a cleansing Vulnerary.

Lesser-Celandine tastes Waterish, Crude, and a little Pungent, resembling Scurvy-Grass; Chelidoni­um minus. good for Hot Scorbutick Blood, and Inflamed Piles. The Stalk tastes Acrid like Ranunculus, rather than Scurvy-Grass. The Roots have knobs like Piles; it may be a Ranunculus. Tho' the Pun­gency be very weak, the distilled Water is Sub-acrid. Lesser-Celandine outwardly discusses Scrophula's.

Corn-Marygold: The Leaves are Slimy, Chrysan­thenum Segetum. Bitterish, a little Biting, and of a strong Scent, like common Marygolds. It is a nauseous Plant, not fit for inward use.

Succory is Watrish, Bitter, and Smoaky; Cichore­um Sylve­stre. by which it cools the Blood, opens the Liver in the Jaundice, and Cholerick Ca­chexies; and is Diuretick. It is like the Hieraceum-kind.

Hemlock is of a Fetid Opiate, and virose Cicuta. Smell; it tastes very Acrid and Sweetish, like the Parsly-kind, but especially Cicuta fatua. Hemlock-Root causes Frensie and Stupidness, as if the Persons who take it were Drunk; and also a Giddiness; which happened to my Man, who grew Sleepy, and Giddy after his chewing of the Root, and swallowing some of it. I gave a Glassful of the Juyce of the Leaves and Roots to my Dogg, which made him ve­ry Sick, without any other alteration. Vo­miting is necessary after the taking of Hemlock. It may be outwardly used in Anodyne, and Discussing Emplasters for Tumors, or for the Spleen.

Water-Hemlock: The Root smells most Cicutaria Palustris alba. offensively Fetid, when broken.

Wild-Cicely, or Madneps, have a Sweet, Cicutaria vulgaris. Sub-acrid, Aromatick Parsnip Taste and Smell in the Leaves and Roots: They cause a Stupidity and Frenzy. Give a Vomit after them, and aftewards Alexipharmacks.

Inchanters Night-Shade, tastes a little Circaea Lu­tetiana. Acrid, Sweet and Astringent, and has a Solanum smell. The Leaves may be out­wardly used as an Anodyne, and repelling Medicine: It is a Solanum by its smell.

Periwincle has a Laurel Bitter, and a little Clematis Daphnoi­des. Acrid without any considerable smell: It is accounted a Vulnerary, and may be referred to the Laurel Bitters, and is not so proper a Styptick as Authors write. The Roots are like the Leaves, Bitterish, Sub-acrid, and Astringent.

Scurvy-Grass; The Flowers, Leaves and Cochlearia Roots are extreamly Acrid. By its Vo­latile Salt, it is good against the Scurvy, in Spirit, Juice, and Aqua Raph. composit. The Seeds yield most Oyl, being most Bitter. The Juice is used to the Gums, with Burnt Alum for the Putridness of them.

Crowsilk is of a cool Taste. Conserva Palustris.

Bacchar, or Plowmans Spikenard, is Bit­terish, Conyza major Mat­thioli. Acrid, of a little Aromatick-Scent, like Spikenard; and is a Cephalick Herb, and has a Resinous, Fragrant, and Tere­binthinate Smell.

Common-Fleabane is very Bitter and Conyza media. Biting, of a strong, and somewhat Fetid Smell, like Marygolds; and probably an Hysterick and Uterine; outwardly discus­sing in Medicines for the Eyes; and good in Oyntments for the Itch: It feels clam­my, and smells like Soaped Cloaths.

Sweet Purple-Fleabane is Aromatick, Conyza caerulea a­cris. very Acrid and Bitterish.

Comphrey is Clammy, Mealy, and Consolida major. Mucilaginous; by which it is good in Sharp Rheums, and Ʋlcers of the Lungs and Kidneys, and in Fluxes of Blood. Out­wardly it lenifies the Pains of the Gout, especially the Roots Pounded, and applied. It comes near the Virtue of Bugloss.

Bind-weed Greater and Less: The Convolvu­lus major & minor. Leaves are Mealy, Mucilaginous, and Bitterish; and the Root a little Acrid, Slimy, Bitter, and Milky, as all the Bind­weeds are: By its Taste it appears to be a [Page 116] Purger or Vomitory. The Decoction of the Leaves have a nauseous sick Smell; but it purged not my Dogg. It is a sort of Bryony.

Note, The Bind-weeds are Milky, like Scammony.

Sea-Coralline tastes Gritty; by its sharp Corallina. Grittiness, it frets the Worms; as Spar powdered does, which is also given for them. It has also a strong Earthy-Smell, like Moss: And Authors say, That it has a Salt-Taste; but I could not perceive it. Many Sea-Plants have that External Saltness from the washing of the Sea-wa­ter, and not from a Saltness in their Juyce: From this accidental Saltness, fresh Cora­line is good for the Worms.

Bucks-Horn Plantane is like ordinary Coronopus vulgaris. Plantane, Watry and Astringent.

Swines-Cresses is Biting, and of a Cress-Taste Coronopus Ruellii. and Vertue.

Hasel-Tree: The Catkins, Leaves and Corylus Sylvestris. Bark are very Rough; and therefore are great Astringents. The Nuts are Sweet and Oleous; and loosen the Belly, while fresh.

Stinking May-weed is very Biting, Bit­ter, Cotula foe­tida. and Fetid; of the same Vertue as Cham­momile, but stronger; and fitter to make Oyls and Oyntments of, for Pains, Tumors, and Scrophulae. Inwardly it is good for Hysterick Fits in distilled Water.

Marsh-Pennywort: The Leaves are Cotyledon aquatica. Sweet, Hot, and Sub-aromatick, and smell like Water-Parsnip. I found it in Dorstil-Moores.

Eye-bright-Cow-Wheat is moderately Crataeogo­non Eu­phrasynes facie. Bitter and Astringent, and Sub-acrid. It is accounted to be of the nature of common Eye-bright, but Hotter.

Samphire is Sweet, Acrid, and Aroma­tick; Crithmum. the Leaves have their Saltness from the Salt-water; and it is only External; for the Roots have it not, but taste as is above described; by which it is referible to the Fennil-Class.

Wild-Saffron-Flower: The Flower is Crocus Sylvestris. of a strong Fetid Smell; and of an Hot, Biting, and Mucilaginous Taste: By its Acrid, it is Cordial and Aperitive in the Jaundice, and good in Pestilential Fevers. By its strong Odor, it is good in Diseases [Page 118] of the Womb, and Hysterick Passions. Out­wardly, by the Mucilage and Acrid Fetor, it is Anodyne; and inwardly good for Asthmas. The Root is Sweet and Slimy; the Green Leaves are Sweet and Acrid, like Saffron-Flowers.

Cross-wort is a little Hot, Bitterish, and Cruciata. Astringent; it is a Vulnerary, and of the Nature of Gallium Luteum, or Madder. The Roots are Yellow, Bitter, and Acrid.

Dodder is Bitter and Astringent, and Cuscuta. good against the Itch, Black-Jaundice, and Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen.

Blue-Bottle tastes Bitterish, Smoaky, Cyanus. Sub-acrid▪ and Mucilaginous; It is of the Nature of Jacea, by its Taste. The Wa­ter of the Flowers is good for Inflammations of the Eyes; lenifying by the Mucilage, and discussing by its Sub-acrid-Taste.

Dogs-Mercury has a dry Taste, and is a Cyno­crambe mas & foe­mina. little hot: It is vulgarly boyled in Cream for an Erysipelas. It has an Elder-Smell, and is a crude Plant: By the Elder-Smell it may be Purging; and has a nauseous Bitter-Taste.

Great Hounds-Tongue: The Taste is Bit­terish Cynoglos­sum vulga­re. and Mucilaginous in the Root, Leaves and Seed; they smell strong like the Excrements of Mice; being boyled, they smell like Spirit of Harts-horn. It is used as an Opiate inwardly; and out­wardly applyed as an Anodyne, it dis­cusses all Tumors, and the Scrophulae. An Oyntment made therewith, and Hoggs­grease, heals Wounds like Tabaco-Oynt­ment; and is good for the Pains of the Piles: It is used most for Cataplasms, in Scrophulous Tumors outwardly. A strong Decoction of the Leaves and Roots being given to a Dogg, made no sensible alte­ration: It is good in Scaldings.

In Pills, the Seeds are used for Catarrhs, Fluxes, and Spitting of Blood. The Roots, by their Odor, hung about the Neck, kill Lice.

Dr. Grew says, The Root is sweet.

D.

D WIld Carrot tastes Sweet, Hot, and Daucus. Aromatick in the Seeds, Leaves, and Roots: Therefore it is of the Sweet-Aromatick Fennel-Class; and has the same Vertues, being Diuretick in [Page 120] the Stone and Strangury, in the Carmina­tive Colick externally and internally; good in Hysterick Fits: All which Ef­fects it has from its Aromatick Oyl, and Sweet Tastes.

Dandelyon: The Roots, Leaves, and Dens Leo­nis. Milk taste Waterish, Bitter, and Smoaky. It is good in great Quantities of Choler in the Blood, and in putrid Fevers: By its Bitterishness it cleanses Choler, by Ʋrine and the Choleduct; by its Waterishness it cools the Blood. It is for the same rea­son good in Consumptions.

Fox-Gloves: The Flowers, Seeds, and Digitalis Purpurea. Green-Leaves are Mucilaginous and Bit­ter, with Astringency; the Roots are Rough, and Nauseously Bitter; the Seeds are Bitter-slimy and Astringent. It Vo­mits and Purges strongly: The Green-Leaves or Roots are boyl'd in Ale, for the Falling-Sickness. The Flowers are good in the King's-Evil Sores: They are A­nodyne, by their Slime; and Cleansing and Healing, by their Bitter-Astringency. The Green-Leaves have a strong Smell, like Elder; which intimates their Purg­ing Faculty.

Teasle is Bitter and Smoaky, like other Dipsacus. Thistles, both in Leaves and Roots. The Flowery Heads of it shew it to be a Car­duus.

Oak-Fern is of the Taste and Vertue of Dryopte­ris. Common Male-Fern; Sweetish, Bitterish, Sub-acrid, and Astringent.

E.

E DWarf-Elder: The Leaves are ve­ry Bitter and Slimy, and of a strong Elder-Smell; the Roots are Bitter, Rough, and Roapy, and of an Elder-Smell. It is of the same Vertue and Taste as Common Elder. The Bark and Seeds are great Water-Purgers in the Dropsie and Gout. The Juyce of the Root makes a good purging Syrup, and works as Buck-thorn Syrup: The Leaves are us'd in Diet-Drink for the Dropsie; and outward­ly in Fomentations and Oyntments, for Tumors, Scalds, Burns, Gout, and Ʋlcers.

Vipers-Bugloss is Cool and Mucilagi­nous, Echium vulgare. with a little Waterish Bitterness, like Bugloss. It is equal in Goodness with [Page 122] Bugloss, in Inflammations of the Blood, and may be profitable against the Bitings of Serpents.

Quaere, Whether it has any warm Parts in it, which may be Cordial and Alexi­pharmack, as Bugloss. It causes Milk by tempering the hot Blood, and by its Wa­terishness:

Sweet Gaul is very Nauseously Bitter, Elaeagnus Cordi. and a little Astringent, with a strong A­romatick Smell. In Baths it is good for the Itch, and for Worms in Oyntments. It will Vomit by its Nauseous Bitterness, as Carduus, being Bitter like Gall.

Wild-Parsnip differs but little from the Elapho­boscum. Garden-Parsnip in Taste and Vertue.

Fluellin is Bitter, Sub-acrid, and A­stringent: Elatine Fo­lio subro­tundo. Therefore a good Vulnerary.

Elecampane-Roots and Leaves are ve­ry Enula Campana. Acrid and Bitterish, and smell some­what like Angelica. The Roots are good in Oyntments, and Baths for the Itch; as also for the Lungs, Stomach, and Liver, as a Bitterish Acrid. It is a good Cepha­lick, Ʋterine, and Diuretick, by its Vola­tile Salt; and by the same, it is outward­ly [Page 123] useful for the Sciatica and Palsie; and is a good Antidote against Infectious Air. This by its Taste, strong Smell, and Shape of the Flowers, is referible to the same Class as Flos Solis and Marygolds; but is more Aromatick.

Horse-Tail is a little Astringent; and Equisetum. therefore good in all Fluxes. Galen says, It is Bitterish. It seems referible to the Grasses, or else to Polygonum.

Common-Heath is very Rough, and Bit­terish; Erica vul­garis. the Flowers have a Sweet Honey-Suckle Smell; by which they are discus­sing in Oyls, and Diuretick; and by the Astringency, repelling in Inflamed Eyes, and the Herpes. Boyl'd in Drink, it is good for all Fluxes, and over-fermented Blood. It is like Tamarisk.

Water-Rocket is of a Cress-Taste and Eruca A­quatica vulgaris. Vertue; and is Bitterish and Acrid.

Hedge-Mustard is of a Cress-Taste and Erysimum vulgare. Vertue. In Syrup it is good for the Asthma and Hoarseness, by its Bitterish and Acrid Taste.

Common-Sea-Holly, or Eryngo: The Eryngium vulgare. [Page 124] Leaves taste Sweet, Aromatick, and Hot; and smell something like Chervil: There­fore it is Diuretick, Pectoral, Carmina­tive, and Venereal.

Spurge is of a burning and exulcera­ting Esula. Taste and Vertue, like Tithymals; and is inwardly Vomitory, and Purgative of Watry Humors by the Acrid Salt.

Prickwood: The Seeds are Nauseously Euonymus vulgaris. Bitter and Astringent; therefore may Purge. The Bark is Slimy and Bitterish. My Dogg eat Ten of the Seeds in Butter, and drank the Decoction of the Leaves in Broth after them; and yet was bound Two Days after. It has an Elder-Smell in the Leaves; and the Wood is like El­der: The Leaves are Sub-acid, of a Bit­ter Elder-Taste. The Leaves and Berries look Red, as many Acid Plants do.

Common Hemp-Agrimony: The Flow­ers Eupato­rium Can­nabinum. and Leaves are very Bitter, and a little Acrid. The Roots taste like Hemp: The Flowers and Leaves smell Strong and Aromatick. The Roots may Vomit by their Bitter and Acrid Sliminess. The Leaves are Hepatick.

Eye-Bright is Bitterish-Astringent, a Euphrasia vulgaris. good Vulnerary, and Eye-Medicine.

F.

F BEANS: The Leaves have a Bitter-Sweet Faba vul­garis. Pea-Taste. The Bean has the same Taste; but the Skin of it is Astringent. The Flowers smell Sweet, and the distill'd Water takes away Frec­kles. Old Beans in Flowre or Meal are ve­ry discussing in Tumors of the Breasts, and Testicles. A Water is distill'd from Bean-Stalks for the Stone, which, by its Sweetness and Bitterness, lenifies and clean­ses the Kidneys.

The Beach-Tree: The Bark which I ta­sted Fagus. in September, was Bitterish-Astringent, and the Leaves Rough. The Vertue of it is the same with the Oak, viz. Astringent. The Fruit I could not find this Year; but I am told, That it is Sweet and Rough.

Buck-Wheat: The Seeds taste Mealy, Fegopy­rum. and the Leaves Mucilaginous. It's good for Food, and Pultisses.

Common-Dropwort: The Root is Bitte­rish, Filipendu­la. (Quaere, Whether Sweetish?) Astrin­gent, Warm, and very Aromatick; of a Burnet-Smell, or like Meadow-Sweet. It is good in all Fluxes, and in the Stone, by its Bitterish and Sub-acrid Astrin­gency.

Female-Fern: The Root and Leaves Filix Faemi­na. are Bitterish, and Mucilaginous; and good for Burns, by their Mucilage: And there­fore, are of a different Nature from the Male, and other Ferns.

Male-Fern: The Leaves taste Rough, Filix Mas & Osmun­da. the Roots Bitterish and Rough; and smell like Orris. The Leaves of all Ferns rubb'd, smell like Tallow. The Roots, by their Bitterish-Roughness, are Splenetick, and good Vulneraries, and Openers of Ob­structions by their Aromatick Bitterness, in Rickets, Worms, and in the Stone.

Strawberries: The Leaves are Muci­laginous, Fragaria. and very little Bitter; the Roots are Bitterish, Sub-acrid, and Astringent. The Leaves are good in Mouth-Waters, and in the Stone: The Roots are also Vulnerary, like Cinquefoyl; and of the same Class. The Fruit is Sweet, Sub­acid-Vinous, [Page 127] and Fragrant in its Flavor; therefore Cooling and Cordial: and a distill'd Water is made of it.

Note, That the Leaves of Astringent Plants, which bear a Pulpy Fruit, have a Slime in them.

The Ash-Tree: The Bark is Bitter, A­stringent, Fraxinus. and of a Laurel-Bitter Taste: The Seeds are Bitter, Astringent, and A­crid; and so are the Flowers and Buds, when made into Conserve for opening the Spleen and Liver, and for the Scurvy and Dropsie.

The Bark is a good Vulnerary, and Antifebrifick by its Bitter Astringency. The Seeds are a good Diuretick in the Stone; and I think, they much resemble the Taste of Jesuits Powder. They sweat in Quartanes, in which I have us'd them. The Wood of Ash, by its Taste, may be us'd instead of Guaiacum; it has a Bitter and Acrid, to cause Sweat.

Fumitory is Bitterish, Watry, and Smoa­ky: Fumaria vulgaris. It is good against Cholerick Blood in Juyce and Syrup; is Diuretick; and in distill'd Water cleanses the Face. It be­longs to the Pea-Tribe. It is good for the Itch in Oyntments.

Climbing-Fumitory: This has a Wa­try Fumaria cum Ca­preolis. Bitterness, and is also Acrid. This is of the same Tribe and Vertue with com­mon Fumitory; but more manifestly A­crid.

The Common-Mushrome: The whole Fungus E­sculentus. Substance is Mucilaginous. The Smell is very Earthy; therefore outwardly a very cooling Anodyne.

Quaere, Whether Mushromes do not spring from the putrefied Mucilaginous Paren­chyma of other Plants, and the Fibrous Parts growing into Length?

The noxious Mushromes cause a Stran­gulation in the Throat, for which Oyl and Vomiting are necessary; or else a Cholera Morbus, in which case Hens-Dung may be good.

Wood-Mushrome: This smells like Rot­ten Fungus Ar­borum pu­trescenti­um. Wood, and is Slimy and Mucilagi­nous; and evidently arises from Rotten Wood, whose putrefied Bladders, with some Fibrous Parts, spring into a Mush­rome.

Jews-Ears are very Mucilaginous; by Fungus Sambuci­nus. which they relax and cool Inflammations in the Throat; and they have a strong [Page 129] Earthy-Smell; by which they may dis­cuss Glandulous Tumors. It is not good to swallow any of the Decoction of them.

G.

G HEdge-Nettle: The Taste of the Galeopsis. Leaves is Bitterish and Aroma­tick. It stinks at first like Dead-Nettle, in the Leaves; but has an Aroma­tick Turpentine in the Flowers; by which it is a Vulnerary, as well as by its Bitter­ish-Astringency. It is a great Discusser, by its strong Smell. It is good in the Scrophula, and other Tumors. Inwardly it is an excellent Vulnerary; and outwardly good in Oyntments. By the Smell it is a Dead-Nettle or Lamium.

Common Ladies-Bedstraw: The Taste Gallium Luteum. is Bitterish and Astringent: The Flowers are of a Fragrant Sweetish Smell. It is plainly, by the yellow Root, a Madder; being Bitter, Acrid, and a little Astringent: and therefore it is an error to think it can coagulate Milk; but it is rather mixt with the Rennet, to preserve the Cheese from Corruption, or to give it a Flavor. [Page 130] Gentian yields an Acid, as well as Gallium, in Distillation: and yet none will think it fit to coagulate Milk: Which Mr. Ray intimates to be the effect of Gallium.

Common-Broom: The Leaves and Stalks Genista. have a Sweet-Bitter Pea-taste: The Seeds are like Pease, a little Bitter. All the parts of it are good in the Scurvey, Jaun­dice, and Dropsie: They keep the Body Soluble. The Flowers and Leaves re­semble Pease: so that Broom belongs to that Class. A distilled Water of the Flowers, is good in the Stone, by their Mucilage and Bitterness; by which Taste the Flowers vomit.

Furze: The Flowers smell like Rancid Genista Spinosa. Oyl, and are Mucilaginous: The Root and Bark have a Sweet, Bitterish Pea-taste.

Yellows hath a Bitterish, Mucilaginous Genistella Tinctoria. Pea-taste. The Flowers smell like Oyl of Linseed, as most of the Pea-taste do. The Root is strong tasted, like Rancid Oyl: It is fit for Oyntments.

Petty-whin has a Bitter Pea-taste. Genistella Aculeata.

Centaury-leav'd Gentian tastes in the Gentia­nella fu­gax minor. Leaves Mucilaginous and Bitter; and smells strong like Elder.

Herb-Robert tastes Bitterish and Astrin­gent; Geranium Robertia­num. and smells strong of Turpentine: It is an excellent Vulnerary inwardly and outwardly.

The Juyce of it is mixt with Honey, for Cankers of the Mouth, which it cures very well.

Crow-foot Cranes-Bill smells of Turpen­tine, Geranium Batrachoi­des. like Herb-Robert. The Root tastes Bitterish and Rough, and feels Clammy.

Musk Cranes-Bill smells of Musk; feels Geranium Moscha­tum. clammy, as other Turpentine Plants do: and is also Bitterish and Rough.

Dove-foot Cranes-Bill smells of Musk; Geranium Columbi­num. and is Rough in Taste.

It may be observed, that all the Cranes-Bills are Astringent; the Musky are least Bitter, the Turpentine most; on which the Bitterness depends. And from hence it may be conjectured, that a small de­gree of Turpentine produces the Musky-Smell; for the Geraniums are all of a kind [Page 132] and Vertue, though the Smell distin­guishes them into the Musky, or Turpen­tine Plants: And there are other Gerani­ums, which want either Smell; as Gera­nium inodorum, which is Astringent.

The Turpentine Crane-Bills are Diu­retick and Pectoral: and by the Bitterness and Astringency, they are the most exact Vulneraries; Cleansing and Healing in Wounds and Ʋlcers.

Water-Flagg, or Water Flower-de-luce: Gladiolus luteus Pa­lustris, sive Iris lutea Palustris. The Roots and Flaggs are Rough, A­stringent, and very Burning, like Orris. The Root is successfully used inwardly, to prevent an Hydrophobia, with the Root of Devils-Bit. And they are boyled in Milk, and given for a Week to them that are Bitten by a Mad Dogg.

The Yellow-Flowers are Mucilaginous, and burn the Mouth; and therefore are an Orris. The Astringency of the Root hinders the Fermentative Vertue of the Animal Venome from producing a Fever in the Blood, and probably dulls the Acti­vity of the Venome, which consists in a Volatile Salt; and the Acrimony pre­serves the Blood from Coagulation.

Woad is Astringent, Bitterish and Acrid. Glastum Sativum. Indigo is of the same Taste and Vertue. Woad abounds in a Volatile Salt, and is a good Hepatick in the Jaundice. Wedelius makes a Volatile Salt of it without Fire. It belongs to the Cress-Tastes, by its Cods and Taste; and may be placed with Che­lidonium majus Luteola. The Yellow-Flow­ers smell like Cresses.

Wild Liquorish-Vetch is much more Glaux Vulgaris. sweet in the Leaf than common Liquo­rish.

Common Liquorish: The Leaves are Glycyrrhi­za vulgaris Bitterish and Rough; and feel clammy, like Oyly Mucilaginous Plants. The Roots have a very sweet Taste, and a little Mucilaginous. This belongs to the Sweet Pea-Taste. It is a Lenient, Ne­phritick, and Pulmonick; good in Acri­mony of Ʋrine. The Juyce Inspissate is good in the same Diseases. It is the Mu­cilage in the Liquorish, that stops the vio­lent motion of the Corrosive Salts in Catarrhs, and covers the Membranes of the Throat with a Slime. And also the sensible Membranes are saturated by its Lusciousness: So that the Corrosive Rheum is not perceived.

Cud-weed smells somewhat Aromatick, Gnapha­lium. like Wormwood: It tastes Bitterish, Dry, Astringent, and a little Hot. It is Vul­nerary, and good in all Fluxes. It is Sto­machick. It renews the Cud, being given to Beasts, because it is like Wormwood in Effects and Taste.

Quich, or Couch-Grass: The Root is Gramen Caninum. Watrish and Sweetish: It cools by the Taste, and lenifies the sharpness of Ʋrine; but where the Excellency therein for Worms lies, I know not, nor wherein its opening Faculty resides.

Parnassus-Grass is Rough and Bitterish, Gramen Parnassi. a Vulnerary and Diuretick, like white and yellow Saxifrage.

Small Hedge-Hyssop is nauseously Sweet, Gratiola angusti­folia. Bitter and Acrid: It is therefore a strong Purger.

H.

H IVY-Tree: The Bark has a Rancid Hedera Ar­borea. Oyly taste, Biting, and of a strong Scent. It may be used in Baths; but it is improper for the Rickets, being not fit for inward Use. The Gum has an unpleasant Offensive Smell, therefore an Enemy to the Nerves: It is of a Burning Caustick Taste. The Leaves are Bitter, and of an unpleasant Balsam-Smell; by which they draw Issues, and Slime out of Gouty Feet. The Leaves boyled yield a good Mucilage; which being boyled with Diapalma, makes a good Plaster for Issues. The Leaves may be used in Bal­sams outwardly: and are good for Burns, by the Mucilage. The ripe Ivy-Berries are Sweet, Bitterish, Aromatick, Slimy, and very Acrid.

I refer the Ivy-Tree to the Fetid Tur­pentine-Class.

Ground-Ivy is Rough, Bitterish, of a Hedera Terrestris. strong Balsamick, and Resinous, but more plainly of a Dead-Nettle Smell; which is very apparent by its Infusion in Ale. Gill-Drinks are Famous for the Scurvy, and Rheums and Ʋlcers in the Kidneys; for [Page 136] which it's also used in Syrup, Juyce, Pow­der, and distilled Water. The Juyce is outwardly used for the Pin and Web in the Eyes. It is put into Oyntments for Burns, as a good Vulnerary by its Bitter-Astrin­gency. The Juyce is good for the Worms, and used as an Errhine in Cephalick Di­stempers.

Water-Ivy is of a burning Taste, like Hederula Aquatica. other Ranunculus's.

Black-Hellebore: The Root is Bitter­ish, Helleborus niger. and very Acrid, of an ill Smell, and is a strong Purgative: It caused a Pain in my Tongue to the Throat; the same it may cause in the Stomach. In the Shops, the black Root tasted Bitter, Sweet, and Acrid. The Smell of the Root is very Offensive. The Acrimony is an useful Corrector of the Acid in Melancholick Constitutions. An Acrid joyned with Bitter heats more than a simple strong Acrid; and the Taste lasts longer on the Pallat.

Bears-foot; the Leaves taste nauseously Hellebora­ster maxi­mus. Bitter and Acrid, and smell like Elder. The Black Root smells strong, and is of the same taste.

Three spoonfuls of the Juyce of the Leaves pounded with White-wine, Vomits and Purges strongly: It is used for the Worms.

Herb-Paris, or One Berry: The Leaves Herba Pa­ris. have a Solanum Smell; the Berries are sweet and nauseous; and therefore is a Narcotick, like the Night-Shades.

Hawk-weed is very Bitter, like Scabious Hieracium or Dandelion, but more strong; it cleanses the Stomach, is Diuretick, and an opening Hepatick. It is of the same kind with the Smoaky Bitters. By its Bitter-Astrin­gency it is accounted a Vulnerary.

Alisanders is like the Parsly-kind, in Hipp [...]eli­num. Taste and Vertue: It is Sweet, Hot, A­romatick and Bitterish.

Stitch-wort: The Smell of the Leaves Holosteum, sive Caryo­phyllus Holosteus. rubbed is crude: Its Taste is Sweet and Grassy; and is of the Lychnis-Tribe.

Barley tastes Sweet and Slimy, as all Hordeum. Esculents do; the Meal is used in ripen­ing Pultesses.

Mault has a Sweet Taste, which it gives to new Drink.

Wild-Clary is of a like Taste and Smell Horminum Sylvestre. with the Garden-Clary: The Seeds are Mucilaginous; and by that means they take the Dust out of the Eyes. It is re­ferible to the Class of Lamiums.

Hare-Bells are Mucilaginous in the Hyacin­thus Angli­cus. Roots and Leaves, and have a Lily-Smell in the Flowers: They are of that Tribe; and have the same Vertue. The Gar­den Hyacinths have the same Taste and Vertue.

Henbane: The Roots are sweet like Hyoscya­mus albus. Parsnips: The Leaves smell Offensively, Oyly, Strong, and Narcotick. Outward­ly the Leaves are Anodyne, and Emol­lient in all Pains and Inflammations. The Seed is used in Spitting of Blood; it is Mucilaginous, and Narcotick in Smell: It is used in Epilepsies, to the quantity of a Scruple, for many Nights together; and in the Morning give a Drachm of Rue powdered for a Month. Out of the Seed is made an Oyl by Expression.

I gave to a Grey-hound half an ounce of Solanum Lethale Root powdered, be­twixt two pieces of Bread and Butter; and at least an Ounce more boyled, to which I put an equal quantity of Milk, to make [Page 139] him take it; which produced no sign of Sleepiness, nor any Evacuation. The next day I gave him a large quantity of Henbane-Leaves and Roots in Broth, without any alteration. The third day after, I gave him a great quantity of Hem­lock boyled; and repeated a second Dose, without any considerable alteration. Two days afterwards I gave him a Cake of Nux Vomica, which made him dosie, and gave him Convulsions, and shortness of Breath; but he recovered well again. The Nux Vomica smells like Opium, and has the same Effect. Afterwards I gave him a great quantity of Hounds-Tongue-Leaves and Roots boyled; but without any alteration: So strong are the Spirits of Doggs, in resisting Opiates.

I Vomited these Opiates off by Bryony-Juyce, given to him: and some days after, I gave him Thirty Berries of Solanum Lignosum, with which he presently run Mad and Dyed; and I found the same in his Stomach.

Saint John's-wort: The Leaves taste Hyperi­cum. Bitter and Astringent; and are of a Tur­pentine-Smell: It is therefore Vulnerary and Diuretick, as Turpentine. The Flowers colour the Fingers Purple, and yield a [Page 140] Balsamick Tincture, with Spirit of Wine. It is given in Melancholy; but is fitter for the Stone. The Roots taste Bitter and Astringent. An Oyly Balsam is made of the Flowers, by Infusion in Oyl.

In St. John's-wort Powdered there remains only the Bitter-Astringency, and the Turpentine is lost. By the Bitter-A­stringency it is good for Agues. This, and Ascyrum, and Androsemum, have a Laxative Quality by their Turpentine: and as Diureticks, are good for the Sciatica.

An excellent Balsamick Oyl may be drawn from the Seeds by Expression.

I.

I KNap-weed is very Bitter, Astringent, Jacea. and Smoaky: It has the Vertues of Scabious, and is of the same Class. Outwardly it is Vulnerary, and good for Scabs, Itch, and Ʋlcers; the Root is Milky.

Ragwort tastes a little Bitter, Rough, Jacobea. and Hot: It smells Sub-acid, and a little like Erigerum; and belongs to the same Class, or rather to the Hawk-weeds.

The Walnut-Tree: The Bark of the Juglans. Walnut-Tree is Bitter, Biting, and Rough. When it is dry, it looks black within; and for that reason, and its Purgative Fa­culty, it is not like Jesuits-Bark. The Green Husk of the Walnuts taste very Bitter, and very Acrid; by which, in di­stilled Water, it is good for the Head and Worms: The tender first Sprouts of the Leaves are kept dry, and boyled in Milk, to Purge Children for the Worms. And the Green Walnuts preserved, Purge. The Bark and Iuli Vomit. The Infusion of Walnut-Leaves drives Worms out of the Ground, if sprinkled thereon. The Wal­nut-Kernel is of an Oyly Nut Sweet-Taste. The Oyl is good for the Stone.

Rushes: The Roots taste Rough Juncus vulgaris. and Brackish, like Steel, from the Boggs they grow in. The Leaves are Rough, Raw, and Moorish, and smell Raw.

The Flowering-Rush has the same Taste Juncus flo­ridus, seu gladiolus palustris. Juniperus. and Vertue.

Juniper-Tree: The Wood, Leaves and Berries, smell of an Aromatick-Turpentine, and taste Bitterish and Astringent; are Diuretick, Vulnerary, Carminative, Ute­rine, [Page 142] and Antiscorbutick. The Berries are used in Diet-Drink; the Spirit and Oyl of the Berries are good in the Stone. The Wood may be used instead of Sassa­phras-Wood. The Ashes are good for the Dropsie in Lixiviums. Juniper-Ber­ries have a Sweet, Bitterish, and Aroma­tick Taste; and are therefore Pectoral and Diuretick, as Sassaphras.

Instead of the Bark, which is but small in the Juniper-Tree, add the Berries with the Wood, in drying Drinks, for Catarrhs.

L.

L LAmbs-Lettuce: The Leaves taste Lactuca Agnina. Cool, Bitterish, and Slimy, like ordinary Lettuce. It's fit for Sallets.

Wild-Lettuce smells strong, like Opium; Lactuca Sylvestris. tastes Mucilaginous and Bitter: It is of a Narcotick Vertue. It Purges, as an Opiate; and makes a good Oyntment for Burns and Inflammations.

Narrow-Leav'd All-heal: It smells very Ladanum Segetum, sive side-ritis flore rubro. Fragrant, like a sweet Gum: It tastes a little Mucilaginous, Rough, and Bitterish. It is an excellent Vulnerary. It belongs to the Species of Sideritis, by the Figure; but this has more plainly Turpentine in it.

Hares-Foot tastes a little Dry and A­stringent; Lagopus vulgaris. and in that lies its Vertue for stopping Fluxes, repelling, and of being Antifebrifick.

Arch-angel, or Dead-Nettle: The Flow­ers Lamium Flore Albo. and Leaves are Bitterish, Mucilaginous, and Sub-Astringent; with a strong Fetid smell.

Red Arch-angel smells plainly of Tur­pentine; Flore Ru­bro. and tastes Bitterish, Sub-Astrin­gent, and a little Slimy.

Lamium, with a Yellow-Flower has the Flore Flavo. same Taste and Smell as Lamium flore albo. All Lamiums are Vulneraries, and discus­sing Kings-Evil-Tumors, by their strong Smell.

Henbit smells and tastes like Ground­Ivy; Lamium folio cau­lem am­biente. which is a Lamium: as is also Be­tony, by its Smell.

Nipple-wort: The Leaves are a little Lampsana. Bitter and Astringent; and therefore it is used in Oyntments for the Nipples. The Root is Bitterish, Rough, and Acrid, like the Cresses; and it is eaten boyl'd. It has a Bitter Milk; and by that, and the Flowers and Seeds, it should be a Hawk-weed.

Sharp-pointed Dock: The Roots look Lapathum acutum. Yellow, like Rhubarb, and taste Nauseously Bitter and Astringent, with a little Heat and Sliminess. It is used in Diet-drinks, as Antiscorbutick, Laxative, and Hepatick.

Common Dock is of the same Vertue Lapathum vulgare fol. obtuso. as the former, but seems stronger: It is Bitter, Slimy, Astringent, and more Acrid; by which it is Purgative; and therefore the best for use.

English Rhubarb tastes of a Dock-Bit­terness, and is very Rough and Acrid, like common Dock-Root.

Water-Dock: The Root is very Rough, Hydro-Lapathum. and but little Bitter, and not Acrid. It is used, by mistake, for the other. This is best outwardly for the Itch, as an Astrin­gent; and in Spitting of Blood. The Root is more Red than other Docks, and seems to be a Sorrel.

Red-Dock: The Leaves taste Rough; Lapathum Rubrum. and the Red Stalks, Acid; the Root, Bit­terish, Rough, and Nauseous, like other Docks. The Seeds of the Docks are Astrin­gent, and good for Loosnesses, and Fluxes of Blood. The Leaves of Docks also taste Acid and Astringent, or Rough: They are us'd in Baths for the Itch, and smell Crude and Acid.

The Red Dock-Root is (like the Yellow Roots of other Docks) of a purging Faculty.

Pease-Everlasting has a rough Pea-Taste. Lathyrus major per­ennis.

Spurge-Lawrel has the burning Taste of Laureola. Spurge; and purges Hydropical Humors violently. The Leaves are also Slimy.

Ducks-meat is Crude and Watry, and Lens Palu­stris. good for outward Inflammations: Inward­ly it may cure inflamed Cholerick Blood; but not the Jaundice proceeding from Ob­struction; as Authors affirm.

Dittander tastes very Acrid, Exulcera­ting, Lepidium latifolium, seu Piperi­tis. and Bitterish, like Radish, but strong­er: The Roots therefore provoke the Birth, and the Plant is Antiscorbutick. It is us'd for Pains of the Teeth and Hips.

It belongs to the Cresses, by its Taste and Smell; which is thought to resemble Pepper, as the Name imports.

Wall-Gilliflowers are Mucilaginous and Leucoium Luteum sive Cheiri. Biting; therefore an Oyntment of the Flowers is us'd for the Gout. The Flow­ers are also us'd in Cordial Waters. Leu­coium, by its Face and Seeds, belongs to the Cress-Class. The Seeds are Bitterish, and very Acrid. The Conserve of the Flowers is a good Antiscorbutick and Cephalick.

Ground-Liverwort, being rubbed, smells Lichen sive Hepatica vulgaris. of Turpentine, and tastes Mucilaginous, and a little Biting, like Turpentine: It is there­fore a good Diuretick in the Stone and Dropsie, and Antiscorbutick. Outwardly it is good for Tetters, Ʋlcers, Wounds, and Itch; being Bitterish and Sub-Astringent, as other Turpentine Plants.

Tree-Lungwort is Bitterish and Astrin­gent; Lichen ar­borum Pul­monarius. good in Fluxes, and to stop Coughs, in Syrup. Boyl one handful in a Pint of Beer to half.

Ash-colour'd Ground-Liverwort tastes Lichen ci­nereus ter­restris. Sweetish and Rough, smells Earthy like Mosses; and is us'd for Coughs.

Privet: The Leaves smell like Lawrel Ligustrum. when bruis'd, and the Vertue of it seems to be the same as of Lawrel; which may be an outward Vulnerary, for that the Leaves taste Bitter and Astringent. The White Flowers smell Sweet. The black Berries have a purplish Juyce within them. The Leaves may be good for Ʋlcers of the Mouth.

Lily of the Valley: The Flowers taste Lilium Convalli­um. very Bitter and Biting; the Roots are Mucilaginous. The Flowers smell very Fragrant, and are therefore Cordial; and by being Bitterish, Acrid, and Aromatick, are Cephalick in Apoplexies, Palsies, Ver­tigoes, and Epilepsies: And the Flowers powder'd, make a grateful strong Sneez­ing-Powder.

The distill'd Water, and a Conserve of the Flowers are most us'd. The Roots are very Mucilaginous; and by them it is of the Lily-kind.

Toad-Flax: The Green-Leaves are Bit­terish, Linaria lu­tea vulga­ris. Mucilaginous, and Sub-acrid, and of an Elder-Smell; the Flowers are like Snap-Dragon, Sweet, Bitterish, and Muci­laginous. It is an Anodyne for the He­morrhoids, in Oyntment of the Flowers.

It is not fit for inward Use; but fit out­wardly for Cataplasms. The Water may cool the Redness of the Eyes.

Common-Flax: The Seed is very Oy­ly Linum Sa­tivum. and Mucilaginous, and of a Rancid Smell. The Expressed Oyl is Anodyne and Emollient in Clysters, and in Pleure­tick Coughs. Outwardly it discusses and mollifies Tumors. Green Flax is Bitterish and Mucilaginous.

Gromwell: The Root and Seeds taste Lithosper­mum sive Milium So­lis. Sweet and Mucilaginous. The Seed-Ca­ses are Stony, by which they are Lithon­triptick. The Leaves and Roots of Grom­well smell like Hounds-Tongue. There is a little Heat in the Taste; but I cannot find the Sudorifick Quality. It seems to be an Opiate, like Hounds-Tongue.

Rough Spleenwort: The Roots and Leaves Lonchitis aspera. taste Rough and Sweet, like the Ferns; and are of the same Vertue. It has no Sliminess. It is Splenetick, Astringent, and Vulnerary.

Hops: They are very Bitter and A­crid, Lupulus. and of a strong Lamium-Smell. They are Diuretick, Hepatick, and Sudorifick. [Page 149] Outwardly they discuss Tumors, and cure the Itch. The Root has a Thick, Rough, and a little Acrid, and Bitterish Bark; by which it seems to be Splenetick, Diu­retick, and Sudorifick. Take a Pound of Roots, and boyl them in a Gallon of Wa­ter to half or three Parts, adding Parsley-Roots and Raisins; give half a Pint of it to Sweat, as you give Sarsaparilla, in the Itch, and Lues Venerea.

Diers-Weed: The Root and Leaves Luteola. are Mucilaginous, and very hot on the Tongue: It is of a strong offensive Smell. Outwardly it is Anodyne and Emollient: If inwardly us'd, it is Diuretick. It may be of the Cress-Taste.

Wild White and Red Campians are of a Lychnis Sylvestris flore Albo, Rubro. crude Taste, Watrish, and smell crude; therefore are good for Inflammations, or Hemorrhages outwardly. There is also a Sweetness in the Taste of Lychnis-Root.

Purple-Spiked Willow-Herb is Watrish, Lysimachi­a Purpurea Spicata. Mucilaginous, and a little Hot; but of a crude Smell. Quaere, Whether it be a La­mium?

Codded-Willow-Herb is Mucilaginous, Lysimachi­a Siliquosa. [Page 150] Hot, and Acrid; therefore it is a good Diuretick. It seems to be a Leucoium, by the Cods, Mucilage, and Acrimony, and by the Flower. It is a little Bitterish; and of the Vertue of Leucoiums, Diuretick.

Hooded-Willow-Herb is very Bitter and Lysimachi­a Galericu­lata. Acrid, and a kind of Gratiola; and there­fore may be Purging.

Yellow-Willow-Herb is Mucilaginous, Lysimachi­a lutea vul­garis & Hortensis. and a little Biting; and of the Vertue of the Codded.

M.

M ORdinary Mallowes: The Leaves, Malva vul­garis. Flowers, and Roots are Watry and Mucilaginous; and therefore Emollient and Anodyne externally: In­wardly the Conserve of the Flowers, and distill'd Water with Syrup of Violets, are good for the Stone and Cough. The Seeds are useful; and the Stalks, cook'd like A­sparagus, are scarce distinguishable from it.

Out of Mallow-Root, Barley-Meal, and Oyl boyl'd in Water, is made a good Pul­tess for Inflammations.

The Crab-Tree: The Bark is Sweet­ish, Malus Syl­vestris. Bitter, and Styptick. The Juyce of the Crab is Bitterish, Sowre, and very Rough. It cools outward Inflammations with Barm. Verjuice is inwardly good in Fevers, and Cholerick Loosnesses, with Su­gar or Milk. The Crab-Bark is less Sweet than the Apple.

White Horehound is very Bitter, and of Marrubi­um Album. a strong Lamium-Smell, and a little Plea­sant. It is a good opening Hepatick in the Jaundice, and a Cleansing Pectoral in Water, and Syrup of the Juyce; especi­ally in an Asthma: And in Juyce I have us'd it. It is outwardly good in Oynt­ments for sordid Ʋlcers, and in Baths. By the Foetor it may be a good Hyste­rick.

Water-Horehound is moderately Bitter Marrubi­um Aquati­cum. and Astringent: The Smell is neither strong, nor unpleasant; but like Sideritis, and therefore Vulnerary.

Common Melilote tastes Slimy, Bitter, Melilotus vulgaris. and Biting, or Acrid; and is therefore Anodyne, and discussing by its Acrimony. In the Emplaster it is most us'd. It smells, when rubb'd, like the Pea-kind. By the [Page 152] Taste it should be Purgative; which is not yet tryed.

Water-Mint is of a Bitterish, Hot, Pun­gent, Mentha Aquatica sive Sisym­brium. and Aromatick Taste, and smells like Calamint or Penny-Royal. It is a good Diuretick, Antiscorbutick, and Carmina­tive. It has some Astringency; by which it strengthens the Stomach.

Horse-Mint has a Bitterish, Biting, Mint-Taste, Menta­strum A­quaticum. with a strong Mint-Smell. It is of the same Vertue as common Mint.

Common Millefoile or Yarrow: The Millefoli­um vulga­re. Roots are very Acrid, and Blistering the Mouth. The Flowers and Leaves are Bit­terish and Hot, without any considerable Astringency; and therefore improperly given for Hemorrhages. It smells like Southern-wood in the Flowry Part, or like Chamemel-Flowers: And therefore is to be reckon'd amongst Cephalicks, by the Bitterish Acrimony, and Aromatick Smell. The first Sprouts of Millefoile are very A­crid.

Small Mountain Bastard-Madder is Bit­ter Mollugo Montana. and Acrid, like Madder.

Devils-Bit: The Leaves are very Bit­ter, Morsus Di­aboli. like Scabious; the Root is Bitterish, Biting, and Burning in the Throat; and therefore accounted Alexipharmack, and may be us'd instead of Contrayerva; for it is accounted good against the Bitings of Mad Doggs, with Flagg-Root boyl'd in Milk. The Leaves are of the same Ver­tue as Scabious, Cleansing, Vulnerary, Pe­ctoral, and Hepatick.

The Moss of an Oak-Pale smells Strong Muscus ex ligno Quer­cino. and Earthy, flies quick up into the Nose, and causes Sneezing, like Volatile Salts; and has somewhat of an Orris-Smell, like the Ferns. It tastes Bitterish, Sweet, and Rough, and a little Hot; by which it is Pectoral, and expectorating the thick Phlegm, and strengthening the Glandules: By the Astringency it hinders the Deflu­xion of thin Rheum. This is the Basis of sweet Pulville-Powders, vid. Zwelfer. Of Tabaco, Primrose-Roots, and this Moss, I made a Sneezing-Powder.

St. Winifred's Moss, (brought me from Muscus O­doratus. Holy-Well) if rubb'd, it smells like Orris, as some Ferns do; and tastes like Orris, Bitterish, Hot, and Aromatick: But by the Stalks in it, it is rather a Fern, than a Moss.

The Moss of Trees differs according to Muscus Arboreus Ramosus. the Taste of Trees: The Oak-Moss tastes Rough and Bitterish, and smells Strong, Earthy, and Acrid; especially being pow­der'd. Boyl it in Beer for Coughs, or in Thea.

The Moss of Alder has a Bitterness and Muscus Alni. Roughness, like Alder, with the Scent above-mention'd: It tastes a little Brack­ish, like Steel.

Pear-Tree Moss has a Rough, Steely-Taste; Muscus ex Pyro. and smells Strong, Earthy, and Acrid. I tasted these Mosses in the Win­ter, when the Rain might lodge in the Moss; but how they come to taste like Steel, I know not.

I cannot but take notice, that the Misle-Toe has the like Taste as Mosses, Bitterish, Acrid, and Astringent; and branches like Tree-Mosses; and therefore is bred out of a like Juyce of the Tree.

Apple-Tree-Moss tastes Rough, Bitter­ish, Muscus ex Malo. and Sub-acrid; and is of the same pungent Scent.

Moss of a Mans Skull is like common Muscus ex Cranio. Moss, of an Earthy-Smell, and of a Rough [Page 155] Earthy-Taste. It is much commended for stopping of Hemorrhages: Applied to the Nose, it may help the Congealing of the Blood, and work as an Astringent, and offend the Spirits by the Earthy-Smell: And it may disturb the Fanciful, by holding it in the Hand; and by occa­sioning some Terror, may stop Bleeding.

Firr-Tree-Moss tastes and smells like Muscus ex Abiete. the Oak-Moss.

Cup-Moss is not very Rough; it seems Muscus Pyxidatus. a little Slimy. I tasted it in the Shops, and expected an Acrimony in it. It is of the Vertue of the Lichen Hepaticâ fa­cie. It is us'd for an Astringent in Coughs: And I believe, the Fresh is Sweet and A­stringent.

The Ground-Mosses and Tree-Mosses are Muscus Terrestris. of different Tastes and Natures; the com­mon Green Ground-Moss, most Astringent and Earthy; used in Stopping of Blood.

Mouse-Ear Scorpion-Grass is Mucilagi­nous, Myosotis Scorpi­oides. and a little Acrid; by which it is inwardly and outwardly good in Bitings of Venomous Beasts▪ And is referible to the Class of Echium▪ [...] Bugloss.

Mouse-Tail is Cooling and Astringent, Myosuros. as Plantane; and therefore of the same Vertue.

Hemlock-Chervil smells of Hemlock, and Myrrhis Sylvestris Seminibus Asperis. is also Strong and Terebinthinate, with an Hot, Pungent, Sweet, and Bitterish Taste; a good outward Discusser and Vulnerary; smelling like an Oyntment, as the Name imports. It may be placed amongst the Fetid Ʋmbels, being Sweet, Acrid, and Fe­tid; or else refer it to the Terebinthinate-Fetids.

N.

N YEllow Daffadil: The Flowers smell Narcissus. Strong, and are Mucilaginous: The Roots are Mealy and Muci­laginous, like Lilies. They Vomit, as Bulbous-Roots do, very violently. Out­wardly they are good for Burns, and hard Tumors; to break Imposthumes, to agglu­tinate Wounds, and cleanse Ʋlcers.

Water-Cresses: The Leaves and Seeds Nasturti­um Aqua­ticum. are Acrid, like [...]vy-Grass, and other Cresses; and sme [...] [...] Scurvy-Grass, but [Page 157] milder. It is Diuretick and Antiscorbu­tick, by the Volatile Salt. Outwardly it is good in Scald-Heads, if infus'd in Hoggs-grease; and it is put into Pultesses, to ripen Swell'd Breasts, and discuss Is­chiadick Pains, and those of the Spleen: And it is put in Medicines Antihydropick, with Liverwort.

Catmint is of a Strong, Aromatick, Nepeta. Mint-burnt-Scent; and of an Hot, Acrid, and Bitterish Taste: The Scent is mixt of Aromatick and Fetid, and a little like Penny-Royal; which is also an Hysterick. It has quick Parts to pierce into the Nerves, and rectifie the Motion of the Spirits, by a very Volatile Oyly Salt.

By these mixt Scents it is evident, that Aromaticks and Fetids differ only in De­gree.

Money-wort has a Terebinthinate Smell, Nummula­ria. and a Bitterish and Astringent Taste; by which it is an excellent Vulnerary in Ʋl­cers of the Lungs, and an Antiscorbutick; and good in all Fluxes, us'd as an Astrin­gent.

Yellow Water-Lily: The Flower smells Nymphaea flore Luteo like Mustard-Seed; the Leaf tastes Watry [Page 158] and Rough: the Root smells like Walnut-Peel; and tastes Bitterish and Acrid, like the same Peel.

White Water-Lily: The Leaves of the Nymphaea flore Albo. Flowers are Mucilaginous, and a little Hot; by which they are Diuretick. They are most us'd in Conserves.

The dried Roots smell like Mustard, and taste a little Acrid and Mucilaginous, with an Astringency. How it is useful in the Diabetes, and in all Fluxes, and in Syrup to act as an Hypnotick, I cannot clearly apprehend; but rather think it to be an excellent Diuretick. I cannot perceive any Poppy or Opiate-Smell. The Acrimony provokes Ʋrine, as much as the Slime and Roughness can stop it.

O.

O WAter-Dropwort tastes Sweetish, Oenanthe Aquatica. Bitterish, and Hot of the Fen­nil-kind; and smells like Wa­ter-Parsnip, Aromatick; and therefore is a good Diuretick.

Adders-Tongue: The Taste is Mucila­ginous, Ophioglos­sum. [Page 159] ginous, Bitterish, and a little Biting; the Smell is Strong, Oyly, and Unpleasant. Infus'd in Oyl, it makes the Oyl green. It cures green Wounds, Burns, and Ʋlcers. It is not fit for inward Use, being very Nauseous, and not Astringent.

Quaere, Whether it be not, by its Smell and Taste, and colouring Oyl green, re­ferible to Luteola?

The Male Fools-Stones: The Leaves Orchis Mo­rio Mas, fol. Macu­latis. taste nauseously Bitter, and, rubb'd with the Stalk, smell a little Rank: The Flow­ers smell Sweet, like Lilies. The Root tastes Sweet, Mealy, and Mucilaginous; and is of the Vertue and Class of Lilies. It is hard to believe the Venereal Vertue, because this Bulbous-Root will Vomit, and seems most proper outwardly for Pultesses; as Lily-Roots: Yet the Rank Smell shews some Venereal Vertue.

English Wild-Marjoram is Bitterish, Hot, Origanum vulgare. and Aromatick, like Marjoram. It is a good Cephalick.

Broom-Rape tastes extreamly Rough and Orobanche Bitterish: It almost choaks the Taster by the Roughness; and therefore too much a Styptick for inward Use; but is rather [Page 160] a good external Vulnerary. It grows fast in the Root of Broom; of which the In­genious Walter Chetwynd, of Ingestry, in­form'd me: and I found it to grow out of that Root. In Figure and Vertue it is like Hypocistis.

Barberies: The Bark is Bitter, Astrin­gent, Oxyacan­tha. and a little Slimy, Pungent, and A­crid; by which it purges Choler, if the Bark be steeped in Beer; as I tried it in a Cholerick Person. The Berries are A­cid, Astringent, and good in Fevers and Fluxes from Choler: And they excite Appetite.

Hawthorne: The Leaves are Mucila­ginous; Oxyacan­thus. the Fruit is Pulpy and Mucilagi­nous; and therefore good for the Stone. The Stones joyning with the Animal A­cids, become Diuretick. The Bark is Rough and Bitterish; and the Flowers smell Sweet and Faint. Pyracantha has the same Taste and Vertue.

P.

P COrn-Red-Poppy: The Flowers have Papaver Rhoeas. a heavy Narcotick Smell; and taste Mucilaginous, Sweet, and a little Warm: The Syrup and Water are most used; which last has a Narcotick, Offensive Smell, and carries much of the Vertue. The Root and Milk are Bitter, and extream Acrid. The Syrup and Wa­ter are mild Opiates. A stronger Prepa­ration may be made out of the Roots. The Leaves are outwardly Opiate; and cool Inflammations. The Seeds are said to loosen the Belly (which Opiates do) in great quantiy.

Pellitory of the Wall: The Taste is Parietaria. Watrish, Cool and Bitterish, like Bugloss; and therefore is accounted Nitrous. It is used inwardly to cool Heats in Hecti­cal Coughs. It is but a Cool, Watry Diuretick, used in Clysters as an Emol­lient: Externally it is cooling in Erysi­pela's, Inflammations, Burnings, and Tumors.

Quaere, Whether the Diuretick Ver­tue depends not much on the Sandiness, of the Leaves? The Vertue of the Herb [Page 162] is best in Syrup for Coughs. I refer it to Bugloss.

Common Whitlow-Grass is of an Acrid Parony­chia vul­garis; Rutaceo folio. Cress-Taste and Vertue.

Rue Whitlow-Grass is Bitterish, and of an Astringent Rough Taste, and a little Sweetish; by which it checks the Putre­faction in the Kings-Evil. I tasted it de­caying, and not fresh.

Common Garden-Parsnep: The Root is Pastinaca latifolia sativa. Sweet, Mucilaginous, and Aromatick; very Nutritive and Diuretick.

Carrot: The Roots are very Sweet and Pastinaca sativa te­nuifolia. Aromatick; and the Seeds are the same; being like Daucus-Seed, Carminative and Diuretick.

Water-Parsnep is of an Aromatick Pastinaca aquatica. Smell, and pleasant Parsnep-Taste. The Distilled Water is Diuretick, and a little Hot, as the Leaf tastes.

Venus-Comb is Sweet, Hot, and Aro­matick; Pecten Ve­neris. like Chervil, in Taste and Smell; and of a Diuretick Vertue.

Red-Rattle seems to be of the nature of Pedicularis Rubra vul­garis. the Pea-tribe, tasting Sweet; and smelling like Green Peascods. It is as good for the Scurvy as Fitches, and is Diuretick.

Great Red-Rattle has the same sweet Pedicula­ris Rubra palustris elatior. Taste, and is a little warm; therefore it is a good Diuretick.

Yellow-Rattle is Sweet, Mucilaginous, Pedicula­ris fl. flavo. very Biting and Acrid. I rather believe this Plant would kill Lice, as Staphis agria does, by its Acrimony, than produce them. And for that reason Staphis agria is called Pedicularis. It seems to be a notable Diuretick, by the Mucilage and Acrimony.

Cinquefoyl: The Leaves taste Rough; Pentaphyl­lum. the Roots Bitterish and Rough, like Tor­mentil. The Roots of either are usefully put into the Bitter Draught, without Se­na, and given before Ague-Fits. It's good in all Fluxes of Blood, and other Humors; being a good inward Vulnerary.

The Roots of Cinquefoyl are Sub-acrid; by which they are Diaphoretick in Fevers.

Petty-Spurge is of a burning Taste, and Peplus sive Esula ro­tunda. of a Purgative Faculty, as all the Spurges are.

Honey-Suckle: The Berries are Sweet Periclyme­num. and Slimy. Ten or Twelve squeezed in­to Beer, purge. The Leaves have a Bit­terish, Grassy, a little Mucilaginous, and Bit­ing-Taste: This is a great Diuretick in the Flowers, of which a Conserve is used in an Asthma. The Flowers are Mucilaginous, Biting, Burning, and of an Aromatick Smell. An Oyl for Palsies is made of the Flowers. The Juyce of the Leaves is Diuretick.

Quaere, Whether the Wood may not be used, instead of Lignum Nephriticum?

By the Figure of the Flower, and the Bitterish, Slimy, Acrid Taste, I refer this to the Pea-tastes. The Green-Leaves rubbed, smell like Green-Pease. And the Flower is like a Bean-Flower.

Spotted-Arsmart: The Roots taste Persicaria Maculosa. Rough; the Leaves Acrid, Rough, or Acerb: Good in all Fluxes, and Cooling.

Biting-Arsmart: The Taste is very Hot Persicaria Acris. and Burning. The Distilled Water is good in the Stone. Outwardly in Cataplasms, it discusses and dissolves hard Tumors. By the strong Acrid, it is a Ranunculus.

Butter-bur: The Root and Leaves Petasites. taste much like Angelica, Sweet, Bitter­ish, [Page 165] and very Acrid, but more unpleasant, and smells like it; with a Headiness or Foe­tor; of a Mithridate-Flavor; and therefore used as a Sudorifick in Pestilential Fevers, and in the Cough.

Harts-Tongue has a Rough Taste, like Phyllitis. Fern; and therefore useful for Ʋlcers, Fluxes, Splenetick Fermentations of the Blood, and Disorderly Motions of Spirits, in Fits of the Mother, and in Hot Consti­tutions. It has a Fragrancy which is Cor­dial, when it is Infused in Drink. A Fern-Smell is in the Green-Leaves, like Tallow. But the Orris-Smell is more evident in the dryed Leaves.

Common-Burnet, Great and Little, have Pimpinella vulgaris, Sanguisor­ba. an Aromatick Cordial Smell, infused in Wine. The Root is very Rough and Bit­terish; and therefore good in Fevers be­fore the Fits. The Green-Leaves are very Slimy, and Rough after that Taste is over: The whole is a good Styptick and Vul­nerary; and is good for Spittings of Blood.

Burnet-Saxifrage: The Roots, Seeds, Pimpinella Saxifraga major & minor. and Leaves, are of a Sweet, Aromatick, Hot, Parsley-Taste, and Diuretick Vertue; but much more Hot and Pungent than Parsley.

Butter-wort: The Leaves are very Pinguicula Mucilaginous, Bitterish, and Acrid. The Flowers have a Fragrant Smell; by which they may purge; and outwardly make an Oyl like Adders-Tongue: It seems to be a sort of Violet. The Mucilage makes it fit for Chops in the Breasts and Hands, and colours Yellow.

Field-Pease: The Leaves have a Sweet, Pisum Ar­vense. Slimy, Raw Taste. It will make a cool distilled Water, and is Diuretick. The Juyce cools Hot Bloods. And Scorbutick Persons, who have Lived on Salt Meats at Sea, eat Green-Pease, and other Raw Fruit.

Water-Plantane is of an Astringent and Plantago aquatica. Cooling Taste, and used as such.

Common-Plantane: The Leaves are Plantago vulgaris. Acid and Astringent. Outwardly they cool Inflammations and Burns. Inwardly the Juyce is Cooling, Astringent, and Di­uretick. The Seeds are Mucilaginous, but the Husks are Astringent. In Pow­der it is used for Fluxes. The Juyce is good outwardly in Ʋlcers of the Leggs.

Quaere, The Bitterness of Plantane.

Plantane-Rib-wort is boyled in Posset-Drink, Plantago quinque­nervia. and given before Agues, which it cures by the crude Astringency.

Milk-wort is Bitter, Mucilaginous, and Polygala. a little Pungent; and smells Fragrant, like Pansies; and is Purging. Violets, Pansies, Butter-wort, and Milk-wort are of an agreeable Smell, and all Purging more or less; being Bitterish, Mucilaginous, and a little Acrid.

Solomons-Seal: The Roots and Leaves Polygona­tum vul­gare. are Mucilaginous, and a little Biting or Pungent, without Astringency. It is used boyled in Wine, or Powdered for Ruptures. Outwardly it is Agglu­tinative, and Cosmetick; the Berries are Vomitive.

I did not observe the Bitterishness nor Astringency (as Galen did) which joyn­ed to a Mucilage and Acrimony, will certainly render it Purgative.

Quaere, Whether the Berries be Sweet, Bitterish, and Nauseous?

The Flowers and Leaves are like Lilies.

Knawell: The Taste is Bitterish and A­stringent. Polygo­num Ger­manicum. It is of the same Vertue as the ordinary Polygonum.

Parkinson says, The Seeds are Acrid, as Herniaria is, and Diuretick.

Common Knot-Grass tastes Acid and A­stringent: Polygo­num vul­gare. It is therefore good in all hot Fluxes inwardly; and outwardly for In­flammations.

Polypody: The Roots are lusciously Polypodi­um. Sweet and Astringent; of the Fern-Taste and Class; but by the great Sweetness it is Laxative. The Leaves are Bitterish, Sweet, and Astringent. It is accounted a Lenient Purger; but is most fit for Sple­netick Distempers, in Powder or Decocti­on.

White-Poplar: The Bark is Bitter, A­stringent, Populus alba. and of a Laurel-Taste.

Abele: The Bark is Bitter, Astringent, Populus alba fol. minoribus. and of a Laurel-Taste.

The Aspen-Bark is very Bitter, and of Populus Lybica. a Laurel, Bitter and Astringent Taste.

Black-Poplar: The Bark is Bitter and Populus nigra. Astringent. These Poplars come the nearest to the Jesuits-Bark of any English Trees.

Narrow-Leaved Pond-weed is of the Potamo­geiton Per­sicariae fo­lio. same Taste as Spotted Arsmart, Acid and Astringent; and both have the Nature and Vertue of Polygonum.

Cowslips: The Flowers smell Fragrant. Primula veris ma­jor. The Roots are Bitterish, very Hot, and Biting. The Leaves Sweet and Muci­laginous. The Syrup and the Water are a little inclining to Sleep; but they have no Narcotick Foetor; therefore act little as such, by their Smell refreshing the Spirits more than Stupefying; or rather by a sweet headiness, overcoming the Spirits.

Common Primrose: The Leaves smell Primula veris vul­garis. like fresh Marmalade. The Roots taste Bitterish and Acrid; and smell of the Plant in Powder; which I use for Snush: and it works as much as Hellebore.

The Roots may be put into Waters for the Head. The Leaves are Sweet and Mucilaginous. The Juyce of them is Snuffed into the Nose with Milk. The Juyce of the Root, with equal quantity of the Juyce of Marjoram, put into the Nose with a Thimble, purges the Head strong­ly; and by Irritation in the Throat, Sali­vates and helps the Kings-Evil.

Primrose has a Mucilaginous and Acrid [Page 170] Taste; and a strong tho' pleasing Smell; by which it operates, in causing Sleep.

Self-Heal: The Leaves taste Watry Prunella. and Mucilaginous; by which it cools the Mouth in Gargarisms.

Quaere, Whether Lysimachia Purpurea be of the same kind, and both be La­miums? It is Bitterish, Sub-astringent, Slimy, and good in Hecticks: It is also Vulnerary.

Sloe-Tree: The Leaves and Bark are Prunus Sylvestris. very Rough and Bitter, by which they stop Fluxes. The Syrup is most used, made of the Sloes, to stop any Evacuation, and for Gargarisms. The Flowers smell like Orange-Flowers, and taste Bitterish. They will make a Purging Syrup, and yield an Aromatick Water very Cordial.

Cockle: It is a little Biting, and of the Pseudo­melanthi­um, lychnis segetum. Ptarmica. Vertues of Nigella.

Sneezewort is Bitterish, very Acrid, and Aromatick, like Millefoile in the Scent; and therefore a good Cephalick. It pro­motes Sneesing; and chewed, it draws forth Rheums like Pellitory.

Penny-Royal is Bitterish, Hot, Acrid, Pulegium. and Aromatick; flying quick into the Nose; having in it a Volatile Oyly Salt, as all Cephalicks have; by which it is good in Hysterick-Fits, Obstructions of the Womb, and Convulsive Coughs, in Syrup; and in Hoarseness, made as Thea. The Smell of it is mixt of Aromatick and Fe­tid, as many other Hysterick Medicines be; as Matricaria, &c.

Spotted Lung-wort is Watry and Muci­laginous, Pulmona­ria macu-losa. like Burrage or Bugloss; and is a little Bitterish, like them. It cools Hectical Heats, and Thirst; and supplies a cool Lympha.

Pasque-Flower is Burning like other Pulsatilla. Crow-foots. The Root is said to be Sweet.

Pear-Tree: The Bark and Leaves are Pyrus. very Rough; therefore great Astringents. Burgamo-Pears are Sweet, Sub-acid, and Slimy; and the outward Rind Styptick.

R.

R CRowfoot: The greatest part of Ranuncu­lus. Crowfeet are Exulcerating and Blistering the Tongue. I boyled the Common-Crowfoot in Hoggs-Grease; but it would not blister without Cantha­rides. The dryed Roots promote Snee­zing. It cures Marks of the Skin, and Warts, by raising a Blister, and after­wards a Crust; and therefore hath a Cau­stick virtue. The round Root of Crow­foot rubbed, flyes quick up into the Nose, like Spirit of Sal-Ammoniack, which shews the Corrosiveness to be in Volatile Salt: And the Crowfeet smell a little like Scurvy-Grass.

Quaere, Whether any Sweetness be in Ranunculus, besides the Acrimony, be­cause the Root of Ranunculus Bulbosus tastes Sweet after drying? And there is a kind of Ranunculus, called, Pratensis e­rectus dulcis, which may be eaten.

Spear-wort is very Caustick, if brui­sed Ranuncu­lus Flam­meus. and put upon the Skin with a Walnut-shell, where the pain of the Gout is, or where any pain of the Head lyes in a small compass, by letting [Page 173] out some of the Stagnating Serum.

Quaere, Whether any Bitterness be in it? I did not taste any Bitter.

Horse-Radish: The Leaves, Seeds, Raphanuss Rusticanu and Roots, are of a very Biting Cress-Taste and Vertue; and therefore Diure­tick, Antiscorbutick, Stomachick, Splenetick, and Antihydropick. The Leaves may be used in Medicines, as well as the Roots or Seeds, being Bitterish and very Acrid. The Lymphaeducts have a Sweet Juyce; Dr. Grew. And a Sweetness may be tasted as well as a Bitterish-Acrid, in the dryed Root, when used in Diet.

Chadlock is of a Cress-Taste and Ver­tue, Rapistrum like Mustard.

Turnep: The Seeds and Leaves taste Rapum sa­tivum. Acrid. The Root boyled is Sweet and Mucilaginous: The old Root is Bitterish. It is of the same kind as Sinapi or Cresses, and therefore has a Volatile Salt in it, which makes it Diuretick, Pectoral, and Antiscorbutick. But it is Windy, from the Mucilage and Volatile Salt combined together; as in Garlick, Leeks, &c.

The Roots being roasted, are used in drawing Pultesses for Scorbutick Tumors, [Page 174] the Scrophulae, Swelled Breasts, and Gout. The Green-Leaves smell, when rubbed, Acrid, like Horse-Radish, or Cresses. The Seeds of the Wild-Turnep yield Rape-Oyl, which with Sugar cures the Aphthae in Children. Syrup of Turneps is very Sweet, and has a strong Smell; by which it is an excellent Pectoral in Pleu­risies. The Broth of Turneps sweetned with Sugar, is a pleasanter Medicine than Rape-Oyl, for the Aphthae.

Rampions: It is a Milky Plant, Sweet Rapuncu­lus. and Sub-acrid. It is good for Diet: And, as Physical, it is Pectoral and Diuretick, by the Acrimony.

Sheeps-Scabious: The Taste is Sweet Rapuncu­lus Scabio­sae capitulo and Hot, both in Leaves and Root: It has a Smell a little Mellowy.

Buckthorn: The Berries taste Sweet at Rhamnus catharticus first; then Mucilaginous, Bitter and Rough. The unripe Berries in Alum­water colour Yellow; when ripe, Green. The Syrup made in B. M. so that the Colour and Vertue in the Skin may be Extracted, looks of a Red colour, and purges very strongly, from one Spoon­ful to four. The new Syrup purges vio­lently, [Page 175] and loses of the strength after two Months. It gripes least, if made of Ripe Berries: The Berries are taken from Fif­teen to Twenty-Five, to Purge. The Bark of the Tree is a little Rough, Bitter, and Mucilaginous; and may be put into Diet-Drinks, with Dwarf-Elder Roots and Orris, to purge; to which add Daucus, Juniper-Berries, and Wormwood. The Bark smells something Fragrant. The Syrup is proper for Hydropical Persons.

Sun-Dew: The Taste is Rough, Acid, Ros Solis. and Acrid, and has a Sorrel-Smell: The Acrid is not tasted till after a while. If applied outwardly, it exulcerates like Ranunculus. It is put into Cordial-Wa­ters, gives a Yellow colour, and has an Anti-Pestilential Vertue. The dryed Ros Solis tastes very Acid, like Sorrel, and Rough; for which reason, some may give it in Spitting of Blood; but the la­tent Acrimony is to be suspected; which makes it to be a Crowfoot.

Eglantine-Rose tastes as the Dogg-Rose, Rosa Syl­vestris o­dora. but smells more Sweet and Fainty.

Dogg-Rose: The Flowers are Bitterish, Rosa Syl­vestris ca­nina. Slimy, and Astringent: If they be boyled [Page 176] in Whey, they will purge as Damask-Roses. The Fruit tastes Acid, and so does the Conserve; which therefore will quench Thirst, and cool the Cholerick Blood. I have distilled a very Fragrant Spirit from the Fruit, after Fermentation. The Dogg-Rose transplanted into Gardens, loses the Smell. The Fruit must lye and putrefie, before the Conserve be made: The boyl­ing in Water takes away the Acid from it. The taste of the Spongy Excrescency is Bitterish and Astringent; it smells like the Rose, is Pungent or Warm, and is given in Spitting of Blood. The Root is very Bitter and Astringent, and may cure the Biting of Mad-Doggs, by those quali­ties. All the Rose-Roots are Bitterish and Astringent, but the White seems the most Astringent. I did not perceive any Acri­mony in them. The Leaves are Slimy, Mealy, Bitterish and Rough.

Madder-Roots are Yellow at first get­ting, Rubia tin­ctoria. and then turn Red. They Taste Bitter, Astringent and Acrid; and there­fore are a good Hepatick by both Tastes: When dry, they are most Astringent and Vulnerary. They are Styptick in all Fluxes, and Dye Red. The Flowers smell pleasant, as Gallium Flowers do.

Rasberry: The Berries have a Fragrant, Rubus I­daeus. Violet or Orris-Smell; and a Sweet, Sub­acid and grateful Taste. They make a pleasant Cordial Wine, Syrup, and distil­led Water; which are all Cordial and Cooling. The Leaves are Astringent.

Bramble: The Leaves and Flowers are Rubus vul­garis. Bitterish and Astringent. The Ripe Ber­ries are Sweet, Sub-acid, Slimy, and a little Rough. They are good for Sore-Mouths, and used in Dysuries, and for the Scurvey. A grateful Wine is made out of the Juyce of the Berries. The Root tastes Bitterish, a little Acrid, and very Rough, by which it may be Diuretick. The Sprouts from the Roots taste sensibly Hot, and very Rough. The distilled Water from the Leaves and Flowers of the Bramble is Fragrant.

S.

S ARrow-Head is Sweetish, and a little Sagittaria major. warm, like Water-Parsnep; and therefore may be Diuretick. It is accounted like Water-Plantane and Sparganium: If so, Water-Plantane and [Page 178] Sagittaria may be placed in the same Class of crude Plants.

Sallow and Willow: The Leaves are Salix lati­folia & an­gustifolia. Mucilaginous, and of a Sorrel Smell.

Osier: The Bark, Leaves, and Juyce Salix folio longissimo. of all them are Bitterish, Rough, and good for all Fluxes.

Sweet-Willow tastes very Bitter and Salix Odo­rata. Rough; and smells Fragrant, if rubbed.

The Bay-leaved Willow is very Bitter Salix folio utrin (que) gla­bro viren­te, sive lau­reo, sive a­mygdalino Salvia a­grestis. and Rough, and tastes and smells like Laurel; and therefore fit to be tryed, in­stead of the Cortex Peruvianus.

Wood-Sage smells strong like Hops, tastes very Bitter, and is of the Vertue of Scordium, viz. Diaphoretick, Diuretick, Sple­netick, Vulnerary and Cleansing. It may be used in Drink like Hops, which has been tryed by my self, and others. A double quantity is to be put into the Drink, viz. as much again as the usual quantity of Hops. It is to be referred to the Lamium-Class.

Water-Elder: The Bark tastes nause­ously Sambucus aquatica. [Page 179] Bitter, and is fit to vomit. The Berries are Bitter, Acid, and Mucilaginous. I made a Syrup of them very nauseous. The Leaves are also nauseously Bitter; and smell like Currain-Leaves. I gave my Dogg of the Juyce of the Berries, three or four Spoonfuls; and of the Leaves and Stalks Decocted, one handful: but they neither purged nor vomited him. The Flowers smell Sweet.

Common-Elder: The Bark is Mucila­ginous Sambucus vulgaris. and Bitter; and is used for a Vo­mit. Three handfuls of the Inner-Bark, boyled in Two Pound of Milk and Wa­ter, to One Pound; give half of it in the Morning, and the rest at Night, to vomit and purge: (Sydenham of the Dropsie.) The Leaves are Slimy, Bitter, and Nauseous; and are not good inward­ly, but outwardly in Baths, for Inflam­mations; in Pultesses, and in Oyls and Oyntments for the Piles and Gout. They discuss much, and are good for Burns. They have a strong stinking Smell.

The Flowers put into Ale, make a good Drink for the Scurvy and Dropsie, as well as the Berries.

A Spirit made of Elder-Berries or Flowers, is good in the Scurvy: The Ber­ries [Page 180] are Mucilaginous, Sweet, and Sub­acid. The Syrup is best made of them in a Jugg set in Water; by which Infusion, the Vertue is taken out of the Skins and Stones, and looks more Red, and tastes less Nauseous than the Apothecaries Sy­rup, made by Expression. The Syrup made by Baking is more Heady and Spirituous. The Flowers make a plea­sant Fragrant Water, like Orange-Flowers, Bitterish, Acrid, and Aromatick; where­by they are Cephalick, Diuretick, and Carminative.

The Water is good for Freckles of the Face; for which the Infusion of the Green-Leaves is also good.

The Syrup is good in Hot Scurvies, Sore-Mouths, and Hot Dropsical Cachexies.

Sanicle is Bitterish, Astringent, Sub­acrid, Sanicula. and like Turpentine in Taste; and smells of Balsam, and is a Resinous Tur­pentine Plant; and therefore Vulnerary, externally and internally; and it is used as a Styptick.

Common Soapwort is Mucilaginous, Bit­ter, Saponaria vulgaris. and a little Acrid: and therefore may be Diuretick and Sudorifick. The Leaves may be laid on Issues: It may be good [Page 181] for Ʋlcers, as it is Healing and Cleansing, by the Mucilage and Bitter. Outwardly it discusses strongly like Elder, and is like in Vertue to it. The Flowers smell Sweet, and very Strong, by which it seems to be a Lychnis.

White-Saxifrage is Bitterish, Astringent, Saxifraga alba. and a good Vulnerary: It has also a little Heat, by which it is Diuretick.

Golden-Saxifrage is Bitterish, Hot, and Saxifraga aurea. Astringent, with a Rellish like Meadow-Saxifrage; of the Vertue of the former.

Meadow-Saxifrage: The whole Plant Saxifraga Anglicana. tastes Sweet and Hot; is Aromatick both in Taste and Smell, and strongly Diure­tick. It is of the Fennil-Class.

Scabious is very Strong, Bitter, and Scabiosa. Astringent; and in the Flowers a little A­crid. The Syrup and Decoction of the Juyce cleanse the Breast, are Sudorifick and Alexipharmack. Outwardly it is good for the Itch, Tetters, and Dandriff of the Head. Inwardly it is good in Jaundice, and helps Digestion.

Water-Germander is very Bitter, Astrin­gent, Scordium. [Page 182] Hot, and Acrid; and therefore Su­dorifick and Alexipharmack in the Plague, and Pestilential Fevers, in distilled Waters. Externally it cleanses Ʋlcers, and is good for Gangreens in Fomentations. Scordium smells like Garlick, and is therefore Diure­tick, good for Worms, and a strong Pectoral. Scordium is good in Sordid Ʋlcers, and is Vulnerary. The Acrimony of it is like a Garlick Pungency. By the Taste and Fi­gure it is referible to the Lamium-Class.

Fig-wort: The Leaves taste very Bit­ter, Scrophula­ria. and smell like Elder. The Roots are Rough, and less Bitter, and have Knobs like Kernels or Piles; for which they are used in Oyntments, discussing them, as the Elder-Smell shows. The same Oynt­ment is good in a Malignant Scab, and in Cancrous Ʋlcers.

Rye Tastes Sweet, as other Corn does: Secale. It is more Mucilaginous than Wheat; and therefore less easie for Concoction: And the Meal is more moistening than Wheat-Meal in Pultesses.

Great-Housleek tastes Waterish, very Sedum ma­jus vulgare Rough, and Astringent. The Syrup of it and the Water are very Cooling and A­stringent [Page 183] in Fevers, especially in Hecticks, and in all Fluxes. The Oyntment cools all Inflammations, Cancers, and Erysipelas's; and cures Tetters, and Burns. If the bruised Leaves be applied, they cure Corns.

Prick-madam, or Stone-crop, tastes Wa­terish, Sedum mi­nus Vermi­cular. Acid, and Rough. The Root Bit­terish and Astringent. It is of the nature of the former, Cooling and Astringent.

Wall-Pepper: The Taste is burning Sedum parvum a­cre fl. luteo. Hot, and Exulcerating. Outwardly it blisters: Taken inwardly it vomits strongly. By the great Acrimony, the distilled Water is Diuretick; and if it be made into an Oyntment, it discusses Tu­mors, and the Scrophulae. The Decoction of it with Alum and Honey, cures putrid Flesh, growing in Scorbutick Gums.

Groundsel: The Leaves taste Bitterish, Senecio vulgaris. Sweet, Hot, and Mucilaginous; and smell Sweet, like Parsnep. The Root tastes Nauseously Bitterish and Acrid. The Juyce or Decoction vomits. The Syrup of the Juyce purges Sucking Children. Outwardly it is of a discussing Faculty, and emollient in Inflammations, Tumors, Itch, Gout, and Wind. It's given Horses for the Botts.

The Greater Erigerum smells Strongest Senecio major odo­ratus visci­dus. and Pleasantest, and is of a Bitterish, Hot, and Slimy Taste; the Smell resembles Angelica or Parsnep. It is very Discussing and Emollient.

Mother of Thyme is Bitterish, Hot, Acrid, Serpyllum. and Aromatick; and therefore Cephalick, Stomachick, Carminative and Ʋterine.

Smooth Broad-Leaved Ironwort tastes Sideritis arvensis la­tifolia. Bitterish, Slimy, and Sub-astringent; and smells like Dead-Nettle or Betony. Out­wardly and inwardly it is Vulnerary, by the Mucilage and Bitter-Astringency.

Clowns All-heal is Bitterish and Rough, Sideritis Anglica strumosa radice. like Betony; smells like Dead-Nettle; and the Taste is the same. It is accounted a Vulnerary.

Common-Mustard is a great Diuretick Sinapi vul­gare. in Dropsies. If three spoonfuls of the powdered Seed be put into a Bottle of Ale, it will sometimes put by a Fit of a Quartane Ague in the declination. It is also a great Antiscorbutick. The Taste is Bitterish, very Hot and Acrid; yielding a Volatile Salt in Distillation. Out­wardly it is good for Scorbutick Pains, [Page 185] and Foul Ʋlcers; and inwardly it is a cleansing Pectoral, and fit for a Gargle in the Lethargy. It is Sternutatory; it excites an Appetite, and helps Digestion. All which it does by the Acrid, Volatile Salt, which will blister a little.

Water-Parsnep has the taste and smell of Sium a­quaticum. Parsnep, and is of the same Vertue; Diu­retick in the distilled Water, and good in Tumors of the Breasts, that are Scrophulous.

Common Night-shade: The Leaves Solanum vulgare. taste Waterish and Slimy, with a little Biting or Heat, and a little Rough; when pounded they smell like Green-Sauce; which shews their crudeness. The Ber­ries taste Sweet and Mucilaginous. The Leaves pressed in the Hand, have a strong Smell, not unlike Chocolate.

I gave a Dogg twelve Spoonfuls of the Juyce of the Leaves, he was Sick after it, and Dull; but not Stupid, as by a Nar­cotick. An Oyntment may be made of the Leaves, like Stramonium Oyntment; Cooling Inflammations and Erysipelas, and Healing Tetters and Scalds. The Root is Mucilaginous, Strong, and Offensive, like other Solanums. The Berries are Green within, and taste Nauseous.

Deadly Night-shade: The Leaves are Solanum lethale. of a strong Narcotick Smell, and are Mealy, Slimy, and Hot, (Parkinson says, Bitter. Quaere.) The Root is Mealy, Mu­cilaginous, and of a strong Offensive O­piate Smell. An Oyntment is made of the Leaves for Cancerous Pains; and the Leaves are applyed whole to Cancers.

The Berries have a Purplish-Juyce, and are accounted Poysonous to Children.

Dr. Grew says, The Root is Sweet. Quaere.

Bitter-Sweet, or Woody Night-shade: Solanum lignosum. It hath a Smell like other Solanums; and therefore is Narcotick. The Bark is very Hot, Bitter, and Slimy. The Leaves have the same Taste, and therefore may be Purgative. The Bark is used for Hydro­pical Persons, to purge and provoke Ʋrine: It works churlishly. The Leaves are out­wardly used in Inflammations, and Itching Tumors of the Hands and Feet. The Ber­ries are Sweet, very Nauseously Bitter and Slimy; and therefore are Purgative and Vomiting, very violently. The Roots smell like Hounds-Tongue. And the other Solanums seem to me to resemble that Smell rather than Poppies.

The Dogg to whom I gave Thirty of [Page 187] the Berries, neither vomited, purged, nor slept, but dyed Mad, within three hours.

Sea Bind-weed: I tasted it in the Soldanella marina. Shops, and it was Bitter, Mucilaginous, and Acrid; and therefore as other Bind-weeds, very Purgative in Hydropical Per­sons. The Plant has a Milk as other Bind-weeds have.

Sow-Thistle is in the Root and Milk Sonchus. Bitterer than in the Leaves. It is of the nature of Dandelion. The Leaves are most Cool and Bitterish; and the Root most Aperitive. The Leaves are good for Hot Tumors: And boyled, it is good to give Nurses to increase Milk. The di­stilled Water is good for Freckles, and the Root is a good Diuretick.

Flix-weed hath a Cress-Smell, when Sophia Chi­rurgorum. rubbed, but stinks at first. It has a Cress-Taste, and a Diuretick Vertue. It is erroneously recommended as Astrin­gent; but may be a good Discutient and Antihysterick by the Foetor, and Diuretick by the Acrid Salt. It is good to cleanse Ʋlcers.

The Sorbe-Tree is Bitterish, and Astrin­gent Sorbus syl­vestris tor­minalis. [Page 188] in Bark and Leaf. The Fruit is Acid and Rough; and both are good for Fluxes: For which a Rob may be made out of the immature Fruit.

Quicken-Tree: The Bark is Bitter and Sorbus Syl­vestris au­cuparia, si­ve Fraxi­nus Bubula Astringent, like Laurel-Bitters. The Berries are Bitter and Acid. They are good in the Dropsie in Diet-Drinks, as they are Purging. This is rather an Ash, by the strong-Bitter.

Burr-reed is Astringent. Spargani­um ramo­sum. Speculum Veneris.

Codded Corn-Violet has a crude slimy Taste and Smell. I tasted it in a Garden, it being the great Venus Looking-Glass. It is Milky, like Rampions.

Spurry is of a crude Juyce, like Chick-weed; Spergula. and is referible to the Chick-weeds.

Cow-Parsnep: The Root is Sweet, Bi­ting, Sphondy­lium. and of a Parsnep-Taste. The Seeds are Hot and Acrid, and of a strong Smoaky Smell, but very little Aromatick; and therefore accounted an Hysterick.

Bladder-Nut: The Leaves taste Rough, Staphylo­dendrum. and the Nuts Sweet and Nauseous.

T.

T TAnsie tastes Strong, Bitter, and Tanace­tum. Acrid, and is of an Aromatick Smell, like Feaver-few. The Juyce is given for the Worms. The Con­serve is Hepatick in Dropsies, and good in Colicks. The Seed is given for the Worms, and is Bitter, Acrid and Diuretick.

Yew-Tree: The Berries are Mucilagi­nous Taxus. and Sweet, and are eaten Innocently; but the Seed in them is very Bitter and Nauseous; and therefore causes a Diar­rhoea. The Leaves have a bitterish, crude Taste, without any Narcotick Smell. It is like the Turpentine-Trees by the Green­ness; but the most crude and fixt of all that kind. The Wood hath no offensive Taste, but seemed a little Hot on my Tongue. The Leaves are not unlike Firr.

A poor Woman at Elford in Stafford­shire, gathered up the cuttings of the Bows of the Yew-Tree, in the dry Year, and gave them to her Cow; upon the eating of which she dyed. But it may be the dryness of the Leaves made them offensive to the Stomach or Wind-pipe.

Orpin is Mucilaginous and Watry, like Telephium. Purslain. A Syrup of it cools and heals the Exulcerate Guts, in a Dysentery. Roast­ed in the Embers, and pounded with Swines-Grease, it cures White-Flaws. It is outwardly good for Inflammations, Burns and Scalds. The Leaf bruised may be laid to any Green Wound. The Roots are knobbed like the Piles. And a cool­ing Oyntment of them is better than an Amulet for the Piles.

Meadow-Rue is of a Dry, Bitterish, and Thalictrum Sweet Taste, and of a strong Scent. It may loosen the Belly, and seems to be like Columbine of the Pea-Class. Galen makes it a Vulnerary.

Treacle-Mustard is of the same Acri­mony Thlapsi. as Common-Mustard, but more Bit­ter, and smells like Garlick. It is Diu­retick and Pectoral. Outwardly it is good for the Sciatica, and Foul Ʋlcers. The Seed is very Acrid.

Lime-Tree: The Bark is Mucilaginous, Tilia. and good for Burns, and Sore-Mouths; There is an Acrimony, and also a Bitter­ishness in it. The Flowers are of the same Taste, and very Fragrant, Cordial, [Page 191] and Antepileptick; for which we use the distilled Water. The Berries are ac­counted Astringent.

Spurge: All Spurges have a Milk of a Tithyma­lus. Bitterish and Exulcerating Taste. They are Purging and Vomiting; and by the Acrimony they blister the Skin. Twenty Seeds given in Bread and Butter to a Dogg purged him but little. This that I gave him was of the Wood-Spurge; but Thirty Seeds of Sun-Spurge, and after­wards a handful of Leaves steeped in Milk and Water, purged nothing. The Milk is good for Warts. The Milk dropped into Water diffused it self immediately, like Tincture of Benjamin. The Milk mixed with Vinegar huft a little; with Spirit of Harts-horn it mixed readily, but turned of a brown colour. The pounded Herb smells Acid, and not of any strong Scent.

Drop three or four drops of the Milk into a Figg, and dry it, give two or three Figgs. The Juyce takes off the Hair: mixed with Oyl it cures Warts; and re­moves the Callus of Fistula's.

The Milk is strongest, the Leaves and Seeds next, and the Root least.

The Lixivium of Spurge has a Caustick [Page 192] Quality. There being but little Smell in Spurge. The Volatile Acrid is coagu­lated into a Gum, with the Oyl, by an A­cid; and this Gum mixt with Water, gives a Milk as other Gums do. The Acrimony depends not on an Acid, because Vinegar corrects the Acrimony: And another Ar­gument, of the Gummosity is from the Purging Faculty in all Spurges.

Tormentil: The Root is Rough, Bitter­ish Tormen­tilla. and Sub-acrid: It stops all Fluxes by the Astringency. It stops the violent Fermentation of the Blood in Malignant Fevers, joyned with Fluxes. It is a good Styptick in Vulnerary Potions; and a good Antefebrifick, resembling the Taste of the Jesuits Powder.

Throat-wort has a Bitterish Milk, thick Tracheli­um majus. like Curds; and is called Throat-wort, be­cause the Decoction is good in Sore-Throats, and Ʋlcerated Mouths. It tastes Mucilaginous and Sweet, and is a Rapun­culus.

Goats-Beard is Sweet, Waterish, and Tragopo­gon. Milky: and is good to eat, being dressed like Parsneps; or the crude Root in Sallets.

Black Maiden-hair has a Ferne-Taste; Trichoma­nes. and is good for Ʋlcerations in the Lungs and Kidneys, by the Astringency, Sweet­ness, and Bitterness.

Wood-Sorrel tastes very Acid. The Trifolium acetosum. Syrup, Conserve, Juyce, and distilled Wa­ter, cool Thirsts in Fevers. Vide Ace­tosella.

Honey-Suckle-Trefoyl: The Roots and Trifolium pratense purpure­um. Leaves are Bitter and Hot, with a Pea-Taste.

White Honey-Suckle-Trefoyl is of a Pea-Taste, Trifolium flore albo. and Rough. The Flowers are sweet as Honey-Suckles in Smell.

Clover-Grass is like the Honey-Suckle­Trefoyl. Trifolium purpure­um majus sativum. The Leaves have a sweet Pea-Taste, and are very Biting and Acrid. The Root is Sweet and Acrid.

Yellow-Trefoyl tastes Rough in the Trifolium luteum. Leaves, but resembles Pea-Tastes in the Flower and Root; and tastes Hot or Acrid at the last.

Hop-Trefoyl has a sweet Pea-Taste, Trifolium lupulinum. and is Rough.

Yellowish Meadow-Trefoyl is very Rough in Taste, with a Pea-Smell. Trifolium hirsutum lago poi­des. Trifolium siliquosum.

Small Codded Trefoyl has a very Rough Taste, and is of the Pea-kind.

Purple-wort has a sweet Pea-Taste, and Trifolium fol. purpu­reo. is very Rough. It is good in the Bleed­ings of the Purple Fever. The Acrid Tre­foyls are Diuretick.

Buck-Bean: The Leaves are very Bit­ter, Trifolium palustre. and taste like a Peach-Kernel. It is good in Diet-Drinks for the Scurvy; and for Arthritick Pains. And I have heard them commended for a Cure of the Drop­sie. There is no Acrimony in the Taste, yet it is much commended in the Scurvy.

Wheat tastes Sweet and Slimy, and is Triticum. of good nourishment. The Flower is good in Small-Beer, to stop Overflowings of the Blood, and other Hemorrhages and Fluxes. Mace or Indian-Wheat is as sweet as Sugar.

Tower-Mustard is of the same Taste and Turritis. Vertue as ordinary Mustard.

Colts-foot tastes Watery, Bitterish, Tussilago. [Page 195] Rough, and a little Hot; and therefore is a good Pectoral and Vulnerary. It smells somewhat like Enula campana. Out­wardly it cools Inflammations. The Flowers smell and look like Groundsel. By which it may be of the same Class.

Cats-Tayl: The Root is very Clammy, Typha. Mucilaginous, and Cooling. The Muci­lage may be good in Plasters, but not in­wardly; it being thick like Bird-lime.

V.

BIlberries are Sweet and Sowre; Vaccinia nigra. the Quiddany is used for Loose­nesses. The Leaves taste Sowre and Rough. The Root Bitterish and Rough. The Berries are boyled with Alum and Galls, for a Blue Colour.

Red-Whorts are Acid and Astringent Vaccinia Rubra. in Taste, and Astringent in Fluxes; Vac­cinia and Rubus, are of the like nature.

Valerian: The Root is of a Turpentine Valeriana silvestris major, mi­nor, hor­tensis. Smell, like Balm of Gilead; and tastes Bitter, Acrid, Slimy, and of Turpentine. [Page 196] The Leaves are Bitterish and Mucilagi­nous. And the same is the Taste of all sorts of Valerian. The Root is an excel­lent Pectoral and Diuretick: And the Leaves are Cleansing and Agglutinating in Wounds and Ʋlcers of the Mouth. Va­lerian Flowers at first smell Fetid; after their lying a while to spend their Foetor, they smell like Jasmin. Wild Valerian Flowers have a Strange, Fainty Lily-Smell. The Root is so like Serpentaria Virginiana, that I believe it a Substitute. It is used in Convulsious and Epilepsies.

Dioscorides describes the smell of the Root to be Fragrant, like Nardus, with some Foetor: By which it may be Ante­pileptick and Purgative like Asarum, in the quantity of an Ounce and half.

White Mullein: The Leaves are Watry, Verbas­cum flore luteo vul­gare. Bitterish and Cool. The Flowers are Mu­cilaginous and Bitterish, and Anodyne in Oyntments for the Haemorrhoids, or in Pultesses with Yolks of Eggs, white Bread, and Leeks juyced. The Root is Waterish, Bitterish, and Astringent. Mul­lein is used in Coughs, as Bugloss. The Flowers smell a little Fragrant, which argues a little Heat with the Waterish­ness. But because of the Astringency [Page 197] and Pectoral Vertue, I refer it to the La­miums.

Vervain is very Bitter, Astringent, and Verbena. Sub-acrid, like the Lawrel-Bitters; and therefore Vulnerary. It is good in Ob­structions, Jaundice, Coughs, and Nephritick Pains; and good against Tertians and Ar­thriticks. Outwardly it is Vulnerary, and a Cleanser in Putrid Ʋlcers, and Garga­risms. It is also Splenetick and Cephalick, having the same Bitterness as Black Cher­ry-Trees; by which, Pains of the Head, depending on Fevers, are stopt.

Tree-Stone-Crop, (I found it in Sir Ri­chard Vermicula­ris Frutex. Nudigate's curious Garden, to whom I am oblig'd for most of my Rarities:) The Taste is Watrish and Crude; and it is of a crude Smell, and of a cooling Ver­tue.

Speedwell, or Fluellin, is Bitterish, Sub­acrid, Veronica pratensis minor. and Astringent inwardly and out­wardly. It is a Vulnerary, and good a­gainst Fevers, Ʋlcers of the Lungs and Kidneys. Outwardly it cures Wounds, Ʋl­cers, and Scabs: And seems to be of the Dead-Nettle-Class, having the same Ver­tue.

Common Vetch, or Tare, is of a Pea-Taste, Vicia. and Rough: The Juyce is given in the Scurvy, to hinder the great Fer­mentation of the Blood.

Purple-flower'd Vetch has a very sweet Vicia flore Purpureo. Pea-Taste.

Yellow-flower'd Vetch is very Astrin­gent, Vicia flore Flavo. and has a little sweet Pea-Taste.

Purple-Violets: The Green Leaves are Viola Mar­tia Purpu­rea. Mucilaginous; and therefore Cooling and emollient in Pultesses for Inflammations. The Flowers are Mucilaginous, and a little Acrid, and of a Fragrant Smell. The Sy­rup purges a little, cools and lenifies Coughs, and is Diuretick. The Seeds are Mucilaginous, Acrid, and Diuretick in E­mulsions; and sometimes purge and vomit. The Cordial Faculty lies in the Fra­grancy.

Pansies: The Leaves are Hot, Acrid, Viola Tri­color. Mucilaginous, and Mealy; and therefore Emollient: The Smell is strong, like O­range-Flowers; the distill'd Water smells like them, and is Antepileptick. Out­wardly the Leaves mollifie, discuss, ag­glutinate, and cure the Itch in Baths. The [Page 199] Mucilage helps Gripes, by the Purging Quality; and helps Expectoration, by the Mucilage and Acrimony.

The Great Wild-Climber: The Seeds, Viorna sive Clematitis Sylvestris latifolia. Bark, and Root, and also the Flowers, have a burning Taste: The Flowers smell Sweet.

Golden Rod tastes Sweet, Bitterish, and Virga Au­rea. Aromatick (like Juniper-Berries) in the Leaves and Roots; by which it is a good Diuretick, and Carminative.

Misletoe grows on the Maple, Crab, Viscum. Apple, and Hawthorn: Mr. Ray says, On the Nut, Elm, Willow, Buckthorn, Lime-Tree, and Service. I could find no Dif­ference in Taste in Misletoe growing on the Four first; these Barks having a Bit­terness like Misltoe, and also being A­stringent; but no ways Acrid. But it grows on the Mucilaginous Trees, men­tion'd by Mr. Ray. The Vertues of the Tree and Mislletoe so much differ, that it cannot be better on one Tree, than ano­ther. I have tasted That on the Oak dry, but could find no Excellency in it above others. The Leaves and Wood taste Bit­ter, Astringent, Hot, and Acrid; by which [Page 200] it is good for the Epilepsie: It must be given for Forty Days. It may cause Sweat­ing in a Pleurisie. The Bitter-Astringen­cy makes it good before Ague-Fits. The Green Roots of the Misletoe go into the Bough a good way. Mr. Placston, of Sheriff-Holes in Shrop-shire, told me, That Misletoe-Berries laid on the rubb'd-Bark of a Tree, will grow there. The Muci­lage of the Berries put into Plasters, mol­lifies with Rosin and Wax, and ripens and draws much.

Meadow-Sweet: The Flowers, Leaves, Ulmaria. and Roots, are Bitterish and Astringent; with a strong Fragrant Smell. By the A­stringency, it is Styptick in all Fluxes; by the Fragrancy, Cordial in Wine and distill'd Waters; and by the Bitterish Roughness, it is Antifebrifick, much of the Vertue of Burnet, and tastes like it. Fili­pendula, Burnet, and Ʋlmaria, are all of a like Nature.

Elm: The Bark and Leaves are Muci­laginous, Ulmus. and Healing in Mouth-Waters; and in Burns, Anodyne and Cooling. There is a little Bitterish Astringency in Elm.

Navel-wort is Watrish, Slimy, and Bi­ting; Umbilicus Veneris. by which it is Diuretick, cures and discusses Inflammations, Erysipelas, and Strumas. There is also in the Flowery Heads a Bitterish Astringency.

Nettle: The Yellow Roots are Sweet, Urtica U­rens. Watrish, and Biting, and good Diureticks; the Seed is Slimy, a little Hot, and Pecto­ral. The Leaves juyced, are good in Hae­morrhages, carrying off by Ʋrine a great deal of Serum; and, by the Acrimony, o­pening Obstructions, which are the Cau­ses of Haemorrhages. Outwardly Nettles cure Tumors, sordid Ʋlcers, and Gangrenes.

A.

A LAVANDER-COTTON tastes Bit­ter-Acrid, Abrota­num Foe­mina. with a Sea-Worm­wood Smell; therefore it has the Vertues of a Wormwood, and is of the same Tribe. It's accounted good for the Stomach and for Worms.

Roman-Wormwood is of the same Taste, Absinthi­um Roma­num. Smell, and Vertue, as the Common-Worm­wood; but more Pleasant, and less Earthy or Crude.

Tree-Wormwood: The Smell and Taste Absinthi­um Arbo­rescens. are like Common-Wormwood.

Acacia is Bitterish, Styptick, and good Acacia. in Fluxes. It is the Juyce of a Siliquose Plant.

Bastard-Acorus is Hot, like Ginger: It is Radix Aco­ri. an Acrid-Aromatick.

Agarick tastes Sweet-Bitter and Muci­laginous; Agaricus. it is piercing, by a little Acrid. It yields a Resin; and is gently Purgative of Choler, by its Bitterness; and of Water or Viscous Phlegm, by its Resin. Agarick▪ is the Fungus of a Turpentine-Tree; but dif­fers much from the Taste of Turpentine.

Maudlin is Bitterish, Aromatick, and Ageratum. Astringent; and therefore Cephalick and Vulnerary.

The Chast-Tree is Bitterish, Rough, A­romatick, Agnus Ca­stus. Acrid, and of an Agrimony Smell. It is Aperitive, Diuretick, and Vul­nerary.

Ladies-Mantle: The Root tastes Bit­terish Alchimilla. and Astringent, like Potentilla; and looks of the same Colour.

Winter-Cherries: The Leaves taste Bit­ter, Alkakengi. Mucilaginous, and Biting; and there­fore are an excellent Diuretick. The Ber­ries are Acid and Bitter, and infus'd in Wine, or in Powder, are very Diuretick. The Leaves and Berries resemble Solanum Lignosum; the Bladders taste most Bitter. Opiates are Diuretick, by their Acrimony and Sliminess. The Smell in this Plant is not much.

Garlick is of a strong rank Smell, very Allium. Acrid in Taste, and abounds with a Vo­latile Salt; by which it is Diuretick, Pe­ctoral, Stomachick, and good against In­fection of the Plague. It blisters the Soals of the Feet, if laid next to the Skin; and cures the Dropsie, infus'd in Beer. It is laid to the Soals of the Feet in Chin-Coughs and Small-Pox.

Aloes is Bitter, Sweet, and Mucilagi­nous Aloes. or Gummy. Its Bitterness is like the Bitterness of a Peach-Kernel: By this it purges Choler, and opens Obstructi­ons of the Viscera; cleanses away Vis­cid Phlegm from the Intestines, and cor­rects Acidity: For Purgers both stimu­late, and act as Alterers. Outwardly A­loes cleanses by its Bitterness; and by its [Page 205] Gumminess, stops Bleeding. The Green Leaves of Aloes taste Acid. Aloes smells like Myrrh.

Flower-Gentle: The Seeds and Leaves Amaran­thus. are Astringent, and a little Acid. This seems to me a Dock-Taste.

I observ'd an Acrimony in Amaran­thus, (in all the kinds thereof:) Which makes me infer, That it may be of the Nettle-kind, rather than of Blites or A­triplex: But it is like English Mercury. It is very ungrateful to the Stomach.

Bishops-Weed: The Seeds are Sweet, Ammi. Bitter, Hot, Aromatick, Carminative, Diu­retick, and Cephalick. It belongs to the Fennil-Class.

The Bitter-Almond-Tree: The Bark Amygda­lus Amara. tastes very much like the Jesuits-Bark, Bitter and Rough; and has a Gum in it. The Leaves are Bitter, Mucilaginous, and Rough, like the Peach-Tree. It is pro­bably of the same Purgative Faculty, or gently Laxative. Bitter Almonds have the same Taste, and an Oyliness: The Oyl is good for Ʋlcers, cleansing and kil­ling Worms. 'Tis also good in Pains of the Ears, and Sun-Spots.

The Sweet-Almond-Blanch'd tastes Sweet Amygda­lus Dulcis. and Oyly; and yields an Oyl, which is good in the Stoppage of Ʋrine, for Expe­ctoration of Phlegm, and in Pains of the Belly, with Juyce of Limon.

Bean-Trefoile: The Leaves taste Muci­laginous, Anagyris. Bitterish, and a little Biting. The Country-People use it as Sena; and it tastes like it. This has a Pea-Taste, and smells Oyly, as a Bastard-Sena does; which therefore Vomits much.

Alkanet: The Red Roots are Bitterish, Anchusa. Astringent, and a little Warm; by which, and by its thin colouring Parts, it is Diu­retick and Aperitive; and by its Astrin­gency, 'tis Vulnerary. It is a Madder, ra­ther than a Bugloss.

Dill: The Leaves and Seeds are Bit­terish, Anethum. Sweet, Hot, Aromatick, and (like Fennil in Taste, Smell, and Vertue) Car­minative, and Diuretick: The Seeds are the same.

Tree-Angelica neither tastes nor smells Angelica Arbore­scens. so strong as Ordinary Angelica.

Garden-Angelica: 'Tis Sweet, Bitterish, Angelica Hortensis. and Aromatick in Taste and Smell; there­fore Cephalick, Carminative, Cordial, Pneumonick, and Sudorifick. The Root, Leaves, and Seeds have the same Taste and Smell.

Aniseed: The Seed is Sweet, Hot, Bit­terish, Anisum. and Aromatick in Taste and Smell; therefore Pectoral and Carminative; the Powder of the Seed being given to Chil­dren for the Colick, or the Decoction of it in Posset-Drink.

Smalledge is Sweet, Bitterish, Acrid, A­romatick, Apium Hortense. Diuretick, Pectoral, and Aperi­tive. It is of the Fennil-Class. Smalledge is stronger than Parsley: The Seeds and Roots are most us'd, and of the same Taste.

Arba Venenosa Indica: This Tree smells Arba vene­nosa Indi­ca. Fetid, as most Poysons do.

Birthwort: The Root tastes nauseously Aristolo­chia rotun­da & lon­ga. Bitter, and Mucilaginous: It smells like Bryony; and is of the same Vertue, Hy­sterick. Outwardly it is good for the Itch, cleanses Wounds and Ʋlcers; and is us'd in a Pessary. The Round is the hottest.

Double-Sweet-Williams are Sweet and Armerius Hortensis. Bitter.

Asarabacca: The Leaves are Hot, and Asarum. very Acrid on the Tongue. The Powder of the Leaves makes a strong Sternuta­tory. If Nine Leaves be infus'd in Wine, and the Juyce squeez'd out, they Vomit strongly, and irritate the Mouth of the Stomach, as the Powder does the Nose. The Root is Bitterish, very Acrid, Tere­binthinate, and Aromatick. One Drachm of it Vomits very well; a lesser Quanti­ty is us'd, as a Diuretick; because Asarum-Roots smell of Turpentine, and have also something Fetid, like Hellebore: By This they Purge. The Leaves are like Cyclamen.

Swallow-Wort: The Leaves smell a little Asclepias. like Solanum.

Asphodel: The Leaves taste Sweet and Asphodelus Slimy.

Star-wort is in the Leaves Mucilagi­nous. Aster Atti­cus.

Blue-Starwort, tastes Slimy, Bitterish, and Aster Sero­tinus Fru­ticescens Caeruleus. Acrid; and smells Fragrant.

Bacciferous-Orach tastes Mucilaginous, Atriplex Baccifera. and, like Sorrel, sowre in the Red Buttons: That Colour of Red will fail, though A­lum be added in the Decoction. The Ripe Berries taste very Sweet.

Garden-Orach tastes somewhat like Sor­rel, Atriplex Hortensis. and smells like it.

Note, That Redness in the Leaves or Stalks of any Plants, is a Sign of Acidity in the Plant.

Bears-Ears: The Flower smells Sweet, Auricula Ursi. as Cowslips: The Green Leaves are Mu­cilaginous: The Roots are Hot and Acrid, like Cowslips, and Bitterish; with an Aro­matick, Heady, and Opiate Smell.

Oranges: The Flowers are of a very Aurantia Malus. Fragrant Smell, somewhat like the Lily in Flower and Smell. They taste Bitter­ish, Pungent, and Sub-acrid; and there­fore are Cordial and Cephalick. The Green Leaves are Bitterish and Astringent, with an Aromatick hot Taste and Smell; and are good strengthening Stomachicks.

B.

B COst-Mary hath a Bitterish-biting Balsamita major. Taste, with an Aromatick-Balsam Smell; from whence it's accoun­ted Vulnerary. It is us'd in distill'd Wa­ters. By its Taste it is Cephalick, being Bitterish, and a little Acrid. It is us'd in outward Balsams.

Jupiter's Beard tastes Rough, and a lit­tle Barba Jo­vis. Hot; and seems to be of the Vetch-kind, by the Leaves, Flowers, and Taste.

Basil is Bitterish, Hot, and Aromatick Basilicum. in Taste and Smell; which last is very strong, and therefore it is a very hot Ce­phalick. The Smell is compar'd to Citrons, or Clovegilly-Flowers; but very Heady; and is accounted hurtful, producing a Phrensie.

Jerusalem-Artichoak: The Root is Bastatus de Cinada. Sweet, Astringent, and Watrish; the Leaves are Watry and Mucilaginous: By which Sweetness it is Esculent.

Pomegranate-Flowers are Bitterish, Sty­ptick, Balaustio­rum Flores and very great Astringents: The Flowers will colour Red. They are boyl'd in Claret with Myrrh, for putrid Gums, and loose Teeth in the Scurvy.

Spatling-Poppy: I tasted it at Chelsey, Behen Al­bum. being Sweetish and Crude, like Lychnis.

White Beets have a Crude Juyce, Sli­my, Beta Alba vel Rubra. and a little Astringent: The Red is most Astringent. I suppose that it is ac­counted Nitrous by its Bitterish Coolness, which is the Taste of Nitre. Both sort of Beets are Cooling, by their Crude Muci­lage, and their Watrish Parts; and Deterg­ing, by the Bitterish Nitrous Coolness. I have put the Root into my Nose, without Sneezing, or any Irritation. Beets, Blites, Atriplex, and Bonus Henricus, seem to agree in kind: And these are by Authors call'd, Saporis fatui vel oleracei.

Cotton-Seeds: They are Mucilaginous, Bombacis Semina. and chiefly us'd for their Mucilage.

Borrage: The Leaves, Flowers, and Borrago. Roots are Cool, Watry, and Mucilaginous. The Root is a little Bitter, and so comes near the Taste of Nitre: But I cannot [Page 212] think that to be in any Plant call'd Ni­trous; because it resembles Nitre, which is Cool, Bitterish, and Acid. There is, be­sides the former Tastes, a little grateful Acrid in Borrage; by which it is Cordial. The Mucilage is good for Heats and Thirsts in Hecticks, as Bugloss is. It is us'd in Decoction, and Juyce. But the Cordi­al Vertue is in the Flowers, and in their Conserve.

Oak of Jerusalem: The Leaves are Bit­terish, Botrys. Aromatick, and Watrish. The Seeds are most Balsamick, smelling like Balsam of Tolu; and therefore Cleansing, Aro­matick, Terebinthinate, and Vulnerary in Syrup of the Juyce, and in distill'd Wa­ters, for Coughs and Consumptions.

Bear's-Breech is a Thistle; and for the Brancha Ursina. bitter Slime, is us'd in Clysters; and may be us'd outwardly for the same, in Plasters against the Gout, and Burnings. There is a bitter Smoakiness in all Thistles; which inwardly makes them Nauseous and Pur­gative, and outwardly Discussing and Cleansing.

Cabbage: The Roots of the Cabbage-Plants Brassica vulgaris. are Acrid, and bite like Horse-Ra­dish. [Page 213] The Leaves of the Plants bite less, when full grown; and by this latent A­crid, they stimulate when applied to Bli­sters. The full-grown Leaves are also Cool, Watrish, and a little Bitterish; by which Tastes it is Laxative; and for these it is also accounted a Nitrous Plant. The Ashes are very Caustick: The Seed is Bit­ter and Acrid. The Juyce cures Warts.

Colli-Flowers have the Flowry Part and Brassica Multi-flo­ra. Leaves very Acrid; and therefore are An­tiscorbutick, as Mustard-Seed, and Horse-Radish.

Satin-Flower smells and tastes like the Bolbonach sive viola Lunaria. Cress-Plants, and is of the same Vertue. The Seeds are most Acrid and Bitter.

Butchers-Broom: The Root is Sweet, Bruscus. Bitterish, and Acrid; by which it is Diu­retick, Pectoral, and Aperitive. It belongs to the Pea-Class; and is like Asparagus. The Berries are sweet, and the new Sprouts are a little Aromatick.

Ox-Eye is Bitterish and Sub-acrid, like Buphthal­mum. Chamaemel; and is of the same Vertue.

C.

C MArygold: The Flowers are Slimy, Calendula. and very Hot and Burning in the Throat; by which they are Cordial, and expel Measles and Small-Pox, and cure Fits of the Mother, and Obstructi­ons of the Menses. They smell strong and unpleasant. The Green-Leaves are Mu­cilaginous and Acrid; and the Root Bit­terish.

Gum-Cambogia is an Inspissate Juyce, Cambogia. more Gummy than Resinous: It Purges and Vomits Watry Serum violently. I cannot discern the Taste; but in the Stomach the latent Acrimony of it imme­diately appears, because it works in so small a Dose; and is corrected by Acids. It is generally thought to be a sort of Tithymal; and by that Caustick Quality it purges.

Caper-Bark tastes very Acrid, by which Cortex Ra­dicis Cap­paris. it is Diuretick, and outwardly discussing in Tumors of the Abdomen. I cannot taste the Bitterness and Astringency, by which it is said to have many effects.

Pepper is very Burning and Hot in the Capsicum Indicum. God, and Acrid and Aromatick when ripe.

Grains of Paradise are Sweet, Hot, A­romatick, Cardamo­num majus Acrid, and Bitterish.

Lesser Cardamoms are Hot Aromaticks. Cardamo­num minus

Carduus Benedictus: The Leaves are Carduus Benedictus of a Smoaky Bitter Taste, like the ordi­nary Carduus, with some Mucilage; by which it is fit to produce Vomiting. It cleanses the Stomach, and is good for Fe­vers in the Bitter Drink. The Roots have no Bitterness: And that there is a Bloody Juyce in it, is observed in Mr. Ray.

Carpo Balsamum is said to be Acrid and Carpo Bal­samum minus. Aromatick.

Seed of Bastard Saffron is Bitterish, a lit­tle Carthami Semen. Acrid and Mucilaginous; by which it purges a little. It is used in the Diseases of the Breast, joyned with other Purgers.

Carraways: The Roots and Seeds taste Carum. and smell Sweet and Aromatick, and are Carminative and Diuretick. The Green-Leaves smell like Parsneps. Carum be­longs [Page 216] to the Sweet, Acrid, and Aroma­tick-Class.

Clove-Gilly-flowers: The Flowers are Caryo­phyllus A­romaticus. Hot and Mucilaginous, and of a grateful Odor: The Flowers taste Bitterish, Sweet, and Acrid in the Throat; in which the Cordial Vertue consists. The Root is Sweet, Bitterish, Acrid, and Slimy, like the Clove-Flowers.

Cloves are Bitterish, Acrid, Hot, and Caryo­phylli. Aromatick in Taste and Smell. They are Cordial and Cephalick. And are the Fruit of a Tree.

Pinks: They are Bitterish, Sweet-tast­ed; Caryo­phyllus Hortensis minor. and have in the Flower an Aroma­tick Smell. They are of the nature of Clove-Gilly-flowers.

The Bark of Cassia Lignea is Acrid and Cassia Lig­nea. Aromatick in Taste, like Cinnamon, and of the same Vertue.

Cassia: The Pulp is most used to keep Cassia Fi­stula. the Body Laxative. It is very Sweet and Mucilaginous; by which it is good in a Cough: And is thereby also a Lenient purge in the Stone and Hemorrhoids.

Cedar has a Fragrant Turpentine-Smell; Cedrus Virginiana and it tastes Bitter, Astringent, and Acrid.

The Greater Centaury: The Stalk tasted Centaure­um majus. Sweetish, Bitter, and Sub-aromatick. The shape of the Leaf, and Taste, resemble Jacobea.

Onion is Biting, Mucilaginous, Acrid, Cepe. and of a rank Smell, like Garlick; Fu­ming up into the Eyes, like the Spirit of Sal-Ammoniack: therefore it is full of a Volatile Salt, with a rank Oyl. Onions are Roasted for breaking Apostemes; and are Infused and Distilled in White-Wine, for the Stone. Pounded with Salt, they are good for Burns, and the Biting of a Mad-Dogg. The Juyce is good for Pains in the Ears, and for Shortness of Breath. All these Effects are produced by the Taste and Smell above-mentioned.

China has no considerable Smell in the China. Root. It is of a dry Taste, a little Warm or Acrid. It is accounted a Diaphoretick, but is most properly an Astringent and Absorbent of Acids.

In the Decoction, China is a little Aro­matick, Astringent, and Bitterish; but these Qualities are very obscure. It is a [Page 218] climbing Plant, as well as Sarsaparilla; and Thorny and Bacciferous.

China China: The Stalk of the Peruvian-Tree China Chi­na. has a Terebinthinate-Taste. The Leaves are a little Slimy and Terebinthinate. This I found in the Physick Garden at Chelsey.

Cicers have a sweet Pea-Taste; and Cicera ru­bra. are Diuretick, and Lenifying the Passages by the Mucilage. They are a little Bit­terish.

Artichoak: The Leaves are very Bit­ter, Cinara. Slimy, and Smoaky, like the Carduus. The Juyce cures Wounds. The Leaves are good in Oyntments for the Worms, and are great Cleansers of Ʋlcers.

Cinnamon-Bark is Sweet, very Hot, A­romatick, Cinnamo­num. and Astringent. It is a good Stomachick and Cordial.

Gummy-Cistus has a very Rough Taste, Cistus Le­don. feels Gummy, and has a crude Smell.

Ladaniferous Cistus, or Holy Rose, feels Cistus La­danifera. clammy in the Leaves, and smells like Labdanum. It tastes Terebinthinate, and therefore is an excellent Vulnerary, put [Page 219] in Balsams; and inwardly in Distempers of the Nerves: It has the same Vertue as Labdanum.

Sage-leaved Cistus is only very Rough Cistus sal­viae folio. and Bitterish, without any Gumminess; and is a Vulnerary.

Broad-leaved Cistus feels Clammy, and Cistus folio lato. tastes Bitterish, Acrid, Aromatick, Resi­nous and Rough. It smells like Labda­num; and therefore is inwardly and out­wardly a Vulnerary.

Shrub-Trefoyl has a sweet Pea-Taste, Cytisus. and smells of the Pea-kind. Those Plants which have this sweet Pea-Taste, are fit for feeding Cattle, and breed most Milk.

Citron: The Leaves are Bitterish, Acrid, Citria ma­lus. Aromatick, Astringent, and of the same Fragrancy as a Citron; and are good Sto­machicks. The Fruit and Pulp is very Acid and Aromatick. The Peel has the taste of the Leaf; and is Cordial, if distilled with Sack. The Syrup is a cooling Cor­dial, by its grateful Acidity. The Peels are kept Candied.

Citrul-Seeds are Cool and Mucilaginous, Citrullus. [Page 220] and so are the Leaves and Fruit, which is also Sweet.

Virgins Bower is Bitter and very Acrid. Clematitis.

Coloquintida is extreamly Bitter, and Colocyn­this. affects the Mouth with that Taste, when it is pounded; it is also very Acrid: By these Tastes it purges vehemently. It contains a Resin; and therefore has a Sli­miness, as other Purgers.

Bastard-Sena is Sweet, Bitterish, Slimy, Collutea. and smells Pea-like, which the Cods and Flowers resemble. By the Oyly rankness, it vomits much, and purges churlishly.

Saracens-Consound: The Leaves smell Consolida Saracenica like Elder, and are Mucilaginous, Bitterish, a little Acrid, and Astringent; by which it is Diuretick and Vulnerary in Decoctions and Oyntments. This is mistaken for Virga Aurea, and is very different. This seems to be some sort of Aster, and not Consolida. It is that which is described in Mr. Ray, Hot and Aromatick. This is used for Virga Aurea amongst us.

Lark-Spur is Sweet, and a little Acrid. Consolida Regalis. The Seeds are in Cods, and taste of a Pea- [Page 221] Taste; and may be something like Colum­bine, in Vertue.

Contryerva: The Roots have a very Contrayer­va. Acrid, and Bitterish Taste; and smell like Figg-Leaves. It is Alexipharmack and Sudorifick. The Bitterness is very ob­scure. Dioscorides mentions the Smell.

Coriander-Seed is Sweet, Hot, Aroma­tick, Coriandri Semen. and Carminative. The Odor of the Plant is like the Cimices, Fetid: Mr. Ray. From the Foetor it is esteemed Malignant, and is corrected by Vinegars.

Buckshorn-Plantane: I tasted it in the Coronopus Garden at Chelsey, Watrish and Rough, like Plantane.

Jesuits-Bark: Besides a Woody and fusty Cortex Pe­ruvianus. Taste, it has a Laurel, Bitter, and Styp­tick Taste, without any sensible Acrimo­ny. The Taste is very discernible in the Infusion; and it resembles a Bitter Al­mond, especially its Peel, and the Bark of that Tree. All other Trees of a Laurel-Taste, cannot but answer its Vertue; and are Antifebrifick by their Bitterness, pre­serving the mixture of the Blood from Pu­trefactive Fermentations; which are also [Page 222] considerably checked by the Astringency; which also causes a separation of those parts that are loose from the mixture of the Blood, and passes them off by Ʋrine.

Ale-Cost is Sweet, Bitterish, Hot, and Costus dulcis & amara. Aromatick, and smells like Orris; and is very Acrid, especially the Bitter.

Garden Crocus, Yellow and Purple, have Crocus Hortensis purpureus, & luteus. Cubebae. Sweet, Slimy Roots, like Saffron.

Cubebs are very Hot, Acrid, Aromatick, Cordial and Carminative.

Wild-Cucumber is very Bitter, Slimy, Cucumis Asininus. and Acrid, by which it purges violently. The Leaves and Roots are of the weakest Vertue. The Juyce lasts long, and is In­flammable; by which it's Resinous.

Ordinary-Cucumber: The Leaves, Flow­ers, Cucumis Hortensis. Fruit, and Seeds, are Watrish, Slimy, and Cooling; which is used in Emulsions.

Gourds are Watrish in the Leaves, Sli­my Cucurbita. in the Seeds, and Sweet in the Pulp and Fruit; all Cooling.

Cummin-Seed is Sweet, Bitterish, Aro­matick, Cuminum. [Page 223] and Acrid; with an Aromatick, unpleasant Smell. A good Carminative, Pectoral, Diuretick and Ʋterine.

Turmerick is nauseously Bitter and Curcuma. Acrid, like Ginger; good in the Jaundice, as an opening Hepatick. It colours Yellow.

Galingal long and round, or sweet Cyprus, Cyperus longus & rotundus. have a Bitter, Aromatick Taste, like Ga­langa; and therefore are good for the Stomach and Nerves: Both of them are Aromatick, like Cedar.

Cypress has an Astringent Bitterish Cypressus. Taste; and Turpentine Smell in the Leaves and Nutts; by which it is Vul­nerary.

D.

DIttany is of an Hot, Biting, Bitte­rish, Dictamnus Creticus. and Aromatick Taste; and a strong quick Scent, like Penny-Royal; but stronger, and therefore is of an opening Cephalick Vertue, like Penny-Royal; and is to be referr'd, with Penny- [Page 224] Royal, to the Cephalick-Class of Bitterish Aromatick-Acrids. It is chiefly us'd to force Labour, it abounding with Volatile Oyl and Salt.

Tarragon is Sweet, Hot, and Acrid; and Dracuncu­lus Horten­sis. smells like Fennil, and is of the same Class and Vertue; and is eaten in Sallats.

Dragons: The Leaves taste at first Draconti­um. Sweet; after a while very Acrid, like A­ron; therefore it may be accounted good, as Volatile Salts, in Infectious Distempers. It is most us'd in distill'd Water. It is like Aron in its Vertues, being Diuretick, Pecto­ral, Alexipharmack, and Antiscorbutick; and has Spots in the Leaves; but is more A­crid than Aron, coming nearer to Ranun­culus in its burning Heat. Outwardly it is good for Fistula's. Its Sharpness is cor­rected by Vinegar. Galen says, That it is Bitter and Astringent; and prescribes it for Ʋlcers.

E.

E THE Juyce-of Wild Cucumber is Elaterium. extreamly Bitter, and burns easi­ly: It purges violently.

Dodder of Thyme tastes Bitterish and A­romatick, Epithy­mum. like Thyme; and has the same Vertue.

Garden-Rocket is very Acrid and Bitte­rish, Eruca Sa­tiva. and of a Strong, Acrid, Pungent Smell, and a little unpleasant. It is a Cress in Taste and Vertue, and is useful in Drop­sies, and the Scurvy.

F.

F FEnnil-Giant: The Plant tastes Bit­ter, Ferula. like Gum-Ammoniack, smells a little Fetid, and has the same Ver­tue. The Sweet Taste is not very evident in the Fetid Ʋmbels.

Fennil-Giant is an Ʋterine by the Foetor, and by the Bitter-Acrimony.

The Figg-Tree: The Leaves are of a Ficus. [Page 226] burning hot Taste. The Ashes of the Figg-Tree, of Spurge, and of Ash, are more Caustick than ordinary Ashes of Plants; therefore there is a great difference in the Lixiviums of Plants, and in their Salts. It purges by its Caustick Quality. Figgs are Sweet and Luscious: They are us'd in the Small-Pox, and Diseases of the Lungs; and outwardly in Pultesses, for their Pulpy sweet Mucilage. The Tree being so Acrid, the Fruit probably par­takes of it; whereby it becomes Diapho­retick, Diuretick, and Purgative.

French-Marigold is of a strong, heady, Flos Afri­canus. Marigold-Smell; and tastes Bitterish, Sli­my, Acrid, and stronger than ordinary Marigolds.

The Sun-Flower smells like a Marigold, Flos Solis. tastes Bitterish and Acrid, and feels clam­my, like Marigolds; and out of the Stalk and Flowers, a Resin sweats. In Taste, Colour, and Smell, it is like Turpentine; Mr. Ray.

Adonis-Flower tastes very Acrid, as an Flos Ado­nidis. Anemone or Ranunculus; and is call'd Ado­nis-Flower, or Pheasant's-Eye,

Fennil: The Leaves, Seeds, and Roots Foenicu­lum. are of a Sweet, Acrid, Aromatick Taste, and of a strong Aromatick Smell. The Plant is Diuretick, Pectoral, Carminative, and good for the Eyes inwardly and out­wardly; as also for discussing of Milky Tumors. The Fennil-Taste being most known of this kind, I call the whole Class by that Name.

Fenugraec: The Seeds are Mucilagi­nous, Foenum Graecum. Bitter, and of a Pea-Taste: It smells strong, oyly, and loathsom. It mollifies Scirrhosities, and lenifies and discusses the Inflammations of the Eyes. An Oyl may be press'd out of the Seed, and a Muci­lage drawn by Decoction. It is Fetid, and the Meal of the Seed is us'd in Ca­taplasms.

Bastard-Dittany has a Bitterish and ve­ry Fraxinella. Acrid Taste, and strong Aromatick Smell, like Rue.

G.

G GAlangale is Biting and Hot, like Galanga major. Ginger: It is a good Aromatick, Carminative, and Cordial.

Galbanum: The Plant tastes Bitter, like Galbanum. Gum-Galbanum; smells a little Fetid, and has the same Vertue.

Goats-Rue is Mucilaginous, Bitterish, and Galega. a little Hot, and tastes of a Pea-Taste, with an oyly strong Smell. It is useful outwardly against Gangreens, and foul Ʋl­cers. It seems to be an Anodyne. It is im­properly us'd inwardly for Infectious Di­stempers, being very nauseous to the Sto­mach, and by its Taste a Purgative.

Gauls are very Rough and Bitterish: Gallae. They are given in Drink to stop Blood, and all Fluxes. Outwardly they are good in Ʋlcers and Tetters, and are strong Re­pellers and Driers.

Spanish-Broom has the Taste of Ordinary Genista Hi­spanica. Broom: Though the Flowers smell well, yet it is of the Bitterish Pea-Class.

Gentian-Root is very Bitter; it is good Gentiana. infus'd in Wine, or in Powder, for the Sto­mach, and in Obstructions of the Liver, and Intermitting Fevers, to preserve the Mix­ture of the Blood, and to hinder Putre­faction. It is a good Ʋterine. The Root is also Slimy, and a little Acrid. It may belong to Aristolochia; and therefore La­xative. By the Bitter-Acrid, it is Alexi­pharmack, and good in the Biting of a Mad Dogg.

Gentianella: The Leaves are Bitter and Gentianel­la. Mucilaginous; by which Taste, and the Flower, it seems to belong to the Ari­stolochiae.

Tree-Cranes-bill has a Fragrant Tur­pentine-Smell, Geranium Arbore­scens. like other Cranes-bills.

Spanish-Cudweed is of a Bitterish Astrin­gent Gnaphali­um Hispa­nicum. Taste, like the Ordinary Gnaphali­ums: It smells strong, somewhat like Oyl of Amber; therefore Cephalick, and a good Vulnerary.

The Pomegranate-Tree: The Bark is Granata Malus. rough-tasted, hot like Orange-Peel, and biting. The Pomegranate-Leaves taste Rough, and a little Aromatick, with a [Page 230] fusty Savor, resembling Hounds-Tongue: When rubb'd, the Leaves smell Fusty, like Catts-Piss.

Hedge-Hyssop tastes Sweet, Bitterish, Gratiola. Sub-acrid, and Slimy; and is very Pur­gative.

Goosberries: The Bark is very Rough, Grossula­ria. Bitterish, and Astringent: The Berries are Sweetish and Acid, and the Leaves Acid and Rough.

Guajacum-Wood: The Bark is Bitter Guajacum. and Astringent. It is us'd in Sweating Decoctions for the Pox. Authors say, It has an Acrimony, by which it produces these Effects; which is probable, because it is Resinous, and like Ash-Tree in Leaves and Virtue. If the Gum be extracted by Spirit of Wine, the Wood yields only an Acid Spirit in Distillation.

H.

H SPanish Hony-Suckle tastes Rough, of Hedyso­rum Clype­atum flore Purpureo. an Oyly Pea-Taste. It is a Legu­minous Plant.

White-Hellebore: The Root is very Helleborus Albus. Bitter and Acrid; by which it is Sternu­tatory, and vomits violently, and causes a Strangulation, and great Flux of Spittle and Convulsions, and Vomiting of Blood. It is best given on a full Stomach, to defend the Membranes. It is given to Mad Men by Quacks, for a strong Vomit. This is bitterer than Black Hellebore; and the Malignity is best corrected by Vinegar. Both Hellebores are us'd outwardly for the Itch, Scald-Heads, and Fistula's.