CHAP. I. De Febre Ephemera.

THis ariseth from the inflāmation of the vital spirits in the heart, continuing the space of a day, there­fore call'd Diary. Signes. Signes. Urin concoct like natural, if not, it's changed by obstructions and crudi­ties. Pulse quick and oft, yet equal, orderly, great, and strong. Heat is sudden, without loathing, lasinesse, sleeping, or frequent yawning pre­ceding; to the touch being pleasant, and gentle, there's little or no cold, or shaking, unlesse the body be ill habited, or it be caused by the sun, or cold, Paine and heat of the head oft, abundance of hot and acrid breathings, the pores being obstruct­ed. The causes, are procatartick, of which in the Differences. Progn. Prognos­ticks [Page 4] The cure is easie, unlesse it passe into synochus sinè putredine in a body young and plethorick, or into a putrid the fourth, or fifth day in cacochymicks, or in hecticks, or bo­dies hot, Cure. dry, or thin. Cure: first, al­ter by coolers, and moisteners, ei­ther inwardly given, as cream of bar­ley, fountain-water, with Syrup of limons, or maiden hair, pleasant coo­ling broths, hydrosacchar. &c. or outwardly applied to the region of the heart, pulse, and forehead, as oxyrrhodon, &c. Secondly, evacuate, either by opening a veine, if there be fulnesse, or by gentle purging, if there be ill habit. Baths of warme water used by the ancients, are sus­pected. Thirdly, strengthen the stomack. Differ. The differences of the Feaver taken from the causes. As, I. Cold (especially when the pati­ent goes from violent exercise into the cold aire) then it assaults sinè horrore, urin, and pulse are little chang'd, the heat in statu is moderate: here sweating is to be provoked at the end of the fit. II. Constriction [Page 5] of the pores, known by the hard­nesse & compactness of the skin, this ariseth from abundance of blood, cold, binding, or drinesse. It's cured, Cure. first, by bleeding, if blood much of­fend. Secondly, by purging, inciders premised (if there be present plenty) of crasse humors; and after sweat cum vino oligophor. valde diluto; which is also excellent, if from cold, for it helps to open the passages and provokes sweat. Thirdly, by loosing with hot, and moist tem­perate bathes, moderate frictions, quick washings, if it proceed from cold. III. Crudities, and that nu­merous, known by the present signes of the affected stomack. Here, First vomit, if there be loathing, and easinesse to vomit. Secondly, purge, if vomiting be hard. Here glisters may be used, by which part of the crudities may be drawn away Thirdly, corroborate by medicines, opposing the quality of the offend­ing humors. IV. Buboes, known by the presence of the bubo, by the swiftnesse and greatnesse of the [Page 6] pulse, much heat, and rednesse of the face. In this, draw blood suffi­cently, the bubo moderately ap­pearing; for so it vanisheth, by ap­plying either repellers or relaxers, o­therwise it's to be suppurated. V. Heat, to this use cooling diet. VI. Labour, here command rest, and a more liberal diet. VII. Weariness, then use frictions. VIII. Anger, here command quietnesse, rejoycing; bridle choler, and use coole meats, and drinkes. IX. Sadnesse, use the same recreations of minde, and thin wine. X. Watching, here sleep XI. Hunger, use a cooling and strengthening diet. XII. Obstru­ctions. If from fulnesse, bleed; if from ill habit, purge; if these remove not the Fever, it degenerates in­to other Fever, the cures whereof shall be set down in their proper places.

CHAP. II. De Synocho Simplici.

IT's a Fever without putrifacti­on, or a Diary of many dayes, ari­sing from the inflammation of the spirits, and thinner blood, continuing without intermission, 3, 4, or more dayes, and is called Inflativa, be­cause where the blood is heated, the vessels are distended, and there is felt the lassitude of the body. Signes: Signes. urin is more thick, and redder then usual; pulse great, full oft, and quick; lasinesse without exercise; heavinesse of the head, forehead, and temples; heat gentle, moistnesse of the skin, stretching of the members, streightnesse of the breast, and diffi­culty of breathing. Its progresse is various, yet equal; hence it hath three differences. i. e. Epacmastica, which increaseth continually, Paracmasti­ca, which so decreaseth; and Homoro­nos, or Acmastica, which keeps the order or form. Progn. Progn. It's not dif­ficult [Page 8] to be cured, because it oftest assaults bodies more strong, tempe­rate, or more hot, or moist, of a middle, age, and fleshy, unlesse it passe to another. Sometimes it vanisheth, the fourth day, or seventh, with plentiful bleeding of the nose, or sweat, unlesse some notable error hath been committed by the sick, physician, or attendants, and then it may passe to a putrid, or some other very grievous disease. Causes Causes. are those stirring up a diary, if they fall in a plethorick body indued with a thick habit, or from the thinner blood heated by many hot vapors which are hindered by transpiration. Cure: Cure. first, open a vain, by which the blood is cooled, and an increase of vapours hindered, this is rather to be done oft, and little, by repetition, then once too plentifully, wherein is danger, although in some cases I have knowne it very successeful. It may be done at any time, unlesse the stomack be full of meat; for then concoction is first to be expected, letting a glister precede, if the belly [Page 9] be not open, or the intestines be fil­led with crudity; it's to be mollifying, & loosening. Secondly, evacuate the first region, lest serous and bilious ex­crements increasing, a putrid Feaver be produced. These are good, Ta­marinds, Rhubarb, cream of Tartar, and syrup of Roses solutive, &c. for they neither heat, nor move too much. Thirdly, alter by appointing cooling potions: plentiful drinking of cold water is now disliked as dan­gerous, opening Emulsions, and Ju­lips being more safe; the Julips are made of the waters of Succory, En­dive, Sorrel, Lettice, &c. with the syrupes of Succory, Limons, Pome­granate, &c. adding spirit of Vitriol, or Sulphur, or spirit of Salt, a few drops. If the waters be thought too crude, boyle them gently with a lit­tle Spec. Triasantal, or Diamargar. fri­gidū. An emulsion prepare thus; Take of sweet Almonds pill'd, and steept in rose-water, ℥ j. of the four great­er cold-seeds, and of white Poppy, of each 2 dragms; beat them all in a marble mortar, by degrees, pouring [Page 10] upon them barly-water a pound and a halfe; after strain it, and dissolve therein sugar of roses ℥iii. & make an emulsion for to be taken thrice, twice a day; this is also excellent in watch­ing. To the heart apply this, ℞. of the waters of roses, buglosse, and lettice, of each three ounces; vinegar of ro­ses one ounce, diamarg: frigid. ʒ js. camphire, vj graines, and make an Epithem, which apply to the region of the heart, ℞ aq. endiv. cichor. acetos. ana℥iiij. acet. ros. ℥ js. trium san­tal. ʒijs. f. Epith. admovend. regioni hepatis, also to the liver and loynes use cooling ointments. Ex oxyrrhod. unguent. refrig. Gal. vel cerat. santal. oxycrato abluto; forget not glisters. Fourthly; strengthen cum manu Christi perlat. diamarg. frigid. conser. ros. vitriolat. acetosella, &c. Fifth­ly, use a cool, thin, and moistening diet of brothes prepared with cooling herbs, stewed Prunes, baked or rost Apples; cremor hordei & pa­nadoes, let the drink be barly-water, or spring-water boyled, with Syr. of Maiden-haire, Limons, &c. adding Sp. Vitrioli.

CHAP. III. De Febre Hectica.

THis possesseth the solid parts, which constitute the habit of the body. Signes Signes. are either such as are general, or particular belong­ing to its differences; the first, heat without pain, because now there's an alteration of the solid parts; at the beginning its weak, for the vapors are few; after more bite­ing, because in the solid parts; great­er in the arteries, being communi­cated from the heart; more an houre or two after meat, without horror, or trembling; with the pulse great, and swift, which ceaseth, the meat being distributed: the heat drieth the radical moisture, wasteth the humors, and consumeth all the fat in the bo­dy: it's double; first sine Tabe, Differ. when the dewy moisture of the parts is not yet wasted, when it begins, it's diffi­cultly knowne; in the progresse there are signes of a diary, the heat increas­eth [Page 12] the third day, after meat, others, cum Tabe, and that's double; one cal­led Marasmodes, when the dewy moisture is wasted, and the fleshy substance vanisheth, then the body waxeth lean, the temples-fall, the palmes of the hands, and soales of the feet are hot; the excrements of the belly, and urin fatty. If there be as bran in the urin, the bladder not affected, tumor of the legs, flux of the belly, death is threatened. The other is, when the fibrous and mem­branous substance is violated: hence follows Marasmus, which sometimes falls out preternaturally in young and old, sometimes arising from de­fect of aliment, extinction of the heat, either because of age, or a schyrrhous tumor: II. Some are simple, others are complicate, either cum putrida intermittente, and then the greater part of the heat remain­eth in fieri, lesse, passeth in factum, and then in the end of the fit, the place of the arteries are hot, the rest of the parts temperate, pulse quick, meat strengthens not, or cum [Page 13] putrida continua, and then it's diffi­cultly knowne; there remaines a dry hotnesse, after the end of the decli­nation, or whole feaver, the body is more extenuated, the urin is fatty; and oily. Of these, and their degrees, vide Medul. Chirurg. Causes Causes. thereof are either other feavers, as burning, and long feavers, or diseases of the inward bowels, especially the heart, and parts of the breast, kidneys, sto­mack, midriffe, or external evident causes, which waste the substance of the solid parts, &c. Progn. Progn. The first degree is easily cured, the third incurable, the second betwixt both; the hectick most oft assaults from 28. to 35. yeares; for in that time heat is more intense, and more ea­sily drawes on wasting: that which breakes out before this age, or a little after, more easily invades, and is sometimes cured, or the life may be continued a long time by palliating means, especially in women. Cure: Cure. If it have its original from another dis­ease, that's to be removed before it can be cured; if complicated with a [Page 14] putrid feaver, the putrid is to be re­moved by bleeding and purging, as also medicaments opening, and hin­dering putrifaction, in the interim the hectick is not to be neglected. If it be simple, then first use coolers, and moistners, inwardly; as Flor. vi­olur. borrug. buglossae, sem. quatuor frig. lac perlarum, corallorum, and others very gentle, lest the weak heat be overthrown; as ℞. aq. endiv. lac­tucae, acetos. ana ℥ iiij. syr. viol. nymph. pomor. ana. ℥j. Misc. f. julep. pro tribus dos. bis in die sumendis, & per plures di­es continuandis; or ℞. hord. integr. p. j. f. endiv. cichor. lactuc. pimpinel ana Mj. flor. borrag. buglos. viol. & nymphaeae ana p. j. prunor. Damasc. par. iiij. coq. ad lb js. in colat. dissol. syr. de cichor. simpl. & de nymph. an. ℥ ij. f. Ju­lep. pro quatuor dosibus; of the same Simples make broth thus. ℞ rad. Chinae ʒ j s. hord. integr. P. ij. qua­tuor sem. frigid. major ℥ s. contunde, iisque impleatur venter capi aut pulli junioris, fiat juscul. cui add. sacch. ros: ʒ s. cap. per longum tempus, it streng­thens and feeds. ℞. Amygdal. ex­cortic. [Page 15] & in aq. frigid. infus. ℥ j. sem. quatuor frig. maj. & papav. alb. a. ʒ j. contund. in mortar. marmor. sen­sim affund. aq. hord. lb j. in colat. dissol. manus Christi perlat. ℥ iiij. f. emuls. pro tribus dosibus; if you would cool more, adde to every dose of Julep and Emulsion, Sal. prunel. ℈ ij. vel ʒ j. observe, it's more profitable to cure by degrees, then too suddenly; and moisteners are al­wayes more safe then coolers, be­cause they exercise their power more gently and slowly. Secondly, pur­ging, if necessary, are Cassia, Manna, vel syr. ros. these onely cast out; yet if crudities stuffe the first region, which may be produced from the weaknesse of the stomack, then use an infus. ex Rhabarb. cum decoct. Pru­nor. Tamarind. Myrob. Bugloss. & Viol. if there be not great weak­nesse: if putrifaction be joyned, those purgers that draw may be used. Thirdly, diet, & this in all Chronical diseases is of chiefe use, here, and more then medicam. there­fore there's special care to be taken [Page 16] that it be cooling, and moisten, as the milk of women, asses, cowes, un­lesse a putrid fever be present; also broths of chickens, cocks, capons, veal, kid, mutton, yolks of eggs, with barley, lettice, purslaine, &c. also their flesh, with phesant, par­tridge, young hare, panadoes, horde­ates, oatmeal-candles, rice-pottage, especially if there be a flux, adde su­gar, and a few almonds, or rather the cold-seeds. Boyled meat is bet­ter then roast; if the latter be desi­red, then roast it lesse, and temper it with the juice of limons, oranges, &c. for fish, use those that are taken in gravelly places. Vide medul. Chirur. For fruit, apples coole the blood, pears, prunes stewed, or currants thus prepared ℞. passul. mund. lb. j. tem­perentur in aq. endiv. bugl. & rosar. & abluantur diligentissimè, ut vis laxandi amoveatur; posteà in iisdem. aq. decoq. leviter, add. paulul. sacch. ad perfectio­nem, cum quo serventur usui, iís (que) uta­tur aeger mane, & post. singulos pastus. They nourish the body without heat­ing; but because the hectick heat [Page 17] is fixed in the solid parts, therefore those aliments which are solid, and viscous, are fit to be used to dissipate it, as the legs, and feet of animals, flesh of snailes, crabs, tortoises, and frogs: by these the parts are easily agglutinated, and the drinesse of the solid parts removed, they being not easily wasted with the feaverish heat: but these are onely to be ex­hibited in the beginning, whil'st there remaines strength in the con­coctive faculty, but in the confir­mation not, but rather those of more easie concoction, unlesse they be fit­ly prepared, i. e. boyled to con­sumption, or prepared by contu­sion, especially testudines terres­tres; not onely in a simple He­ctick, but also cum Tabe. They are divers wayes prepared, either boyl­ed in water, till they bee dissol­ved, and cast away the shells, and after boyled again in aq. cichorii, acetos. borag. hordei, & prunor. if a hectick be simple; but if cum Tabe, then cum fol. rubi, portulac. & plantag. drinking the broth, and eating the [Page 18] flesh for twenty dayes; they may be made up in paste; and gently baked; as ℞. carnis testudin. in aq. hord. elixat. ℥ iiij. amygdal. infus. in aq. ros. ℥ vj. pinearum eodem modo in­fus. ℥ ij. 4. sem. frigid. maj. ana. ℥ j. anisi non pulver. sed in furno leviter coct. ʒ j s. cinam. ʒ ij. sacchar. in aq. ros. dissolut. ad pondus omnium, fiant morsuli; instead of the snailes, use the pulp of capons, or partridges, as ℞. pulp capon. & perdicaelixatae a. ℥iij. amygdal. in aq. ros. macerat. ℥ iiij. pinear. ℥ j s. sem. papav. alb. ʒ ij. gum. Arabic. & Tragacanth. ʒ j s. manus, christ. perlat. ℥ ij. cum pauca aq. ros. f. pasta regalis auro obducta; to those whose stomacks are more weak, give gellies, or strong brothes, as ℞ capon. elect. poplit. vituli vel fe­mor. veruec. pedes vituli N. ij. aut veruecin. N. vj. coq. in aq. fontan. ad sufficient. consumptionē, jusculum colat. per expressionem & pinguedin. remotam in colat. dissol. sacchar. alb. lb j. alb. ovor. N. vj. croci, vel cinam parùm; agi­tentur simul, posteà bulliant leviter, ac transmittantur per manicam Hippo­crat. [Page 19] bis, aut ter, tandemque jusculum accipiatur vasculis, ubi concrescit in ge­latinam. If the taste of the Saffron, or Cynamon displease, or if you would have it cooler, adde instead of them the juice of one Limon, or Citron. For a broth use this, Take a good Capon pull'd, gutted, and chopt to pieces, from which take the fat and skin, adding if you please Mutton or Veal so ordered; put them in a glassed pot, in the middle of which let there be a grate of wood, or other matter; upon which so place the pieces, that the bottom of the pot may be empty, after cover the pot, luting it well with paste, then boyle it in B. M. for 5 houres, there will be in the bottom a clear broth, of which take with broth, or of it selfe 2 or 3 spoonfuls, 3 or 4 times a day; these distillations being made per descensum, strengthen and nou­rish the solid parts more. Their drink is to be barly-water alone, or mixt; cum syr. acetos, vel granat. or water wherein is boyled bread, ad­ding a little Sugar, yet in case the [Page 20] stomack be very infirme, use thin wine much diluted, which helps con­coction, and distribution. Gal. gave cold water, and by it glories, he pre­served many from marasmus. Yet in the giving thereof there is to be great caution; for where the body is much wasted, there it's in danger to destroy the languishing heat. It may help, where a Hectick is threat­ened, or in beginning in those that are accustomed to drink it, or where as yet blood abounds. The Aire is to be temperately cold; if not, it's to be corrected; in Summer-time the sick is to inhabit under the earth, which is cold, especially windy, and opens to the West. This alone hath cured in a Moneth those extremely macerated: if the aire be hot in the vault, cast cold water upon the pavement, or poure it from a vessel (the noise of which provokes sleep) and then sprinkling the pavement with water will serve, and oft strew­ing cool hearbs. Much company is to be forbidden, unlesse the Aire be ve­ry cold; it's true, cold aire may con­densate [Page 21] the skin, and so hinder tran­spiration; yet the profit gained by receiving it in by inspiration, is grea­ter then that discommodity which may be helped, if the sick be well clothed. In case, with the Hectick there bee an ulcer of the lungs, then the Aire is to be temperately warm and dry. Motion is not fit, un­lesse gentle, if strength will permit, a little before meat, or in place there­of soft frictions, but not much, espe­cially presently after sleep, begin­ning at the lower parts, rubbing one­ly till a light rednesse beginnes to appear; this calls out the internal humors, if more, it dries the body; coiture is to be rejected, as greatly resolving the body: sleep not too long, for it drawes in the heat, and heats the bowels, not too short, for it dries too much; therefore rather the first, being sleep moistens, which is good in this feaver. It's to be in a soft wool bed, changing oft the linnen, which is first to be besprinkled with Rose-water; Bathes are very bene­ficial, which are to be moderately [Page 22] hot, using them in the morning after the excrements of the body are cast out, either by nature, or art; taking two, or three houres after, broth, or milk, or yolk of egges. Let the sick continue in them so long till he wax warm, and after be cold; but if he cannot stay so long, cold water is to be poured in at pleasure; yet so, as that there may be in the Bath a threefold quality. The sick is to stay in the hot a little, in the warm lesse, and in the cold least of all; though these by the Ancients were only of simple water, yet it's more profitable, and humects more, if made of a decoction of mollifying, and humecting hearbs, as Malu­althaea, violar. &c. or of Barly, and Almonds, used especially in Sum­mer-time, because those made of hearbs sooner corrupt; after cleanse him gently with warm linnen; which done, anoint cum ol. viol. amygd. d. vel butyro insulso, ung. Zacuti, &c. If the sick cannot endure bathing, then use Epithemes, as ℞. aq. ros. [Page 23] nymph. & portulac. an. ℥iij. succ. granat. ℥ j. diamargar. frigid. ʒ ij. oss. de cord. cervi ℈ j. camphor. g. iiij. f. epith. cord. admovendum, ℞ aq. endiv. lactuc. cichor. an. ℥iij. acet. ros. ℥ j. trisantal. ℈ ij. spod. ex ebore. ℈ j. f. epith. hepati admovendum, to which may be used ung. ros. vel cerat. san­tal. but sparingly, because they may increase the feaver, whilst the former medicaments are using, strengthen the bowels with fit opiats, as ℞. conser. flor. borag. bugl. viol. ana. ℥ j. conser. flor. de Nymph ℈ iiij. spec. dia­marg. frigid. ℈ iiij. rasur. ebor. oss. de cord. cervi a. ʒ s. margar. pp. & coral. pp. a. ℈ j. fol. auri N. iij. cum Syr. de pomis fiat opiat. This is to be observed in great extenuations. Nutritive glisters are oft to be cast in, made of the broths of Chick­en, Sheeps-heads, with sugar and egges, the quantity is to be but little, otherwise they presse the bowels, and stirre up expulsion. The chiefest symptome that follows the disease, is a flux of the belly, which oft brings death, to bridle [Page 24] which, for ordinary drink use the decoct. of barley tosted, Syr. Cydo­nior. ros. sic. lact. chalybeat. oriz. coct. in lacte, & similia. Frogs are ex­cellent in a hectick.

CHAP. I. De Febribus putridis.

AS continual Fevers are variously differenced, so they might be di­stinctly handled, but it's needlesse, being the same remedies may serve; onely a little varying according to the degrees of the disease, which de­pends [Page 26] rather upon the judgement and art of the Physician, then neces­sity of peculiar precepts; therefore they may be fitly put together; & what is necessary in respect of difference, may be noted. Before entry be made upon particulars, receive these gene­rals. Causes. First, Putrid Fevers arise from hot vapours stirred up from putrid humours preternaturally heating the heart. Secondly, they invade cum horrore & rigore, no antecedent cause preceding, yea no procatarctick, un­lesse the body be so disposed that it's moved upon small occasion. Heat from the beginning is not sharp: prop­ter suffocationem, in the increase bi­ting, propter fuliginosum excrementum; urin is crude, or obscurely concocted, pulse from the beginning small; the systole more swift then the diastole, be­cause of the abundance of fuliginous vapours. Thirdly, the immediate cause is abundance of sharp biting putrid vapours that cannot be dis­cussed. The mediate is putrid hu­mours, either so in the ill natures thereof, from ill aliments easily putri­fying, [Page 27] or from external, as obstructi­on of the pores. Fourthly, Cure. the cure in general is absolved; first, by open­ing a veine in continual Fevers on the third day, in intermittings after. Some gentle lenitive premised, it's to be re­peated the same day if for evacuati­on; after, by intervals, if for revulsion sake. Secondly, vomit with aqua benedict. &c. Thirdly, purge; where first, use lenitives, before preparing, especially in continual, and acute Fe­vers, then stronger, after preparing; ye this may be omitted, if the humors in primis viis, are not mixt w^th the blood in the veines or it be turned. Fourthly, sweat by medicament, not too hot, lest the Fever be increased, yet those may be used in the beginning. It's to be repeated as oft as necessary. V. Diet, in which let meats of good juice and easie of concoction be used: drink is either to be nutritive in great weak­nesse, or medicinal, as decoct. Hord. &c. In continual, at first give little, afterward more copious; in the very fit of intermitting, none, lest the sepa­ration and exclusion of the putrid [Page 28] humour be hindered. But to return to particulars. A continual prima­ry Fever is begot of putrid humours conteined in the greater veines and arteries, and differs according to the various nature of the humour. A putrid Synochus ariseth from putrid blood in vena cava; and although it may be distinguished into many fits, yet it spends forth it self as in one, la­sting from the beginning to the end. Of this there are three simple differ­ences; The first is, when from the be­ginning to the end it endures equal: in this through the whole disease there is the same quantity of putrifa­ction, and this is called acmastica. The second is cal [...]ed epacmastica: in this the fit increaseth a little, because there is more putrified then dissipated. The third is called paracmastica: in this the fit decreaseth, here being lesse putrified then dissipated: these have also their four times, if they con­clude in health, yet various: for ac­mastic. hath a short beginning and increase, but a longer state, &c. This is to be observed. Time in putrid Fevers [Page 29] is doubly to be considered, either as to the symptomes, or as to concocti­on, or crudity, which two, although they oft fall out in other Fevers, yet not in Synochus. Now a Synochus is twofold, the one from putrid blood, the other from putrid choler, putri­fied in the greater vessels, which is named according to the humour pu­trified; for although the whole mass of humours contained in the veines, obtaine the name of blood, yet it's to be considered in its four parts, the more temperate thereof being called blood, the hotter bile, the more crude and cold phlegm, and the more thick and faeculent melancholy. Now if the more temperate part call'd blood do abound and putrifie, it causeth Synochus sanguinea, but if the bile, then Synochus biliosa. The signes Signes. of the several continual Fevers are di­stinctly, as followeth. Synochus pu­trida sanguinea hath the same signes set down in a simple Synochus; but more vehement, as heat, watching, paine of the head, thirst, unquiet­nesse: urin in the first two dayes is [Page 30] not much unlike healthful; but after­ward it's red, thick, very confused, and without sediment; yet sometimes there's abundance of red and thick sediment: the pulse is great, swift, of­ten, unequal and inordinate: the sy­stole greater then the diastole; if there be abundance of humours heap­ed up in the stomach, in the begin­ning it provokes vomiting. If Sy­nochus Biliosa, the urin is sharp, fiery, although in the beginning crude; pulse swift and oft, loathing, choler­ick vomiting and stooles, thirst bit­ternesse of the mouth, blacknesse and drynesse of the tongue, deliri­um; it oft falls out in summer, in a dry and hot habit; this is distinguished from a continual Tertian thus; for this hath fits, and that none. A conti­nual Tertian signes are the same with a burning, onely by reason of the bile it's more sharp every third day, the cause of the remission is as well the distance of the place where the va­pours are begot, as also the lesse quantity thereof; for the present va­pours are dissipated before others [Page 31] come in the place. A continual Qua [...]tanes signes are: the heat is ob­tuse, and not so sharp as from choler, yet sharper then from phlegme; the thirst is lesse then in a Tertian, but more then in a Quotidian; the pulse at beginning slow, seldome, languid, after strong, quick, and very unequal; the urin in the beginning thin, after various; the body dry and leane, the colour yellow, the temper cold and dry, age declining, and the time Au­tumne, sometimes often spitting. Quotidiana continua, it's more sharp towards the evening every day, be­cause of the motion of the phlegme; the heat in the beginning is to the touch gentle, after more sharp; but unequal, because of the crasse hu­mours which are difficultly dissolved. Urin in the beginning is white, wa­terish, and troubled, after somewhat red and thick. Pulse slow, seldome and lesse then in other Fevers. Thirst little, sweat seldome, unlesse salt phlegme be present, the face is puft up, loose and lividish; time, winter; temper, cold and moist, excrements [Page 32] phlegmy, and the fit daily. Burning Fevers signes are; burning heat, un­satiable (thirst unlesse ough cau­sing an afflux of humours from the neighbour-parts mitigate it) a tossing of the body, urin little, sometimes crude and filthy, sometimes thin, ve­ry bilious and slimy: other signes are set down before in Synochus Biliosa; but observe; the signes of a bastard burning Fever are more gentle then the former. Febris Colliquans is known by a sudden Consumption of the body, and hollowness of the eyes, falling of the temples, sharpnesse of the nose, the dejections reddish, fat, tough, stinking, troubled, bilious and frothy, urin fat and oleous. Febris Horrifica & Assodes are known by what is to be set down in their de­scription. In Feb. Elodes, the skin is continually wet with humours, the heat to the touch is not very sharp; if from maligne causes, the urin dif­fers little from healthful; if the fat waste, then its fatty; if the flesh, then there is like pulse in the urin; or if the blood and humours waste, then [Page 33] there's a great deale of urin for ma­ny dayes; to these are added strength much wasted, pulse is small and slow. If from great putrifaction, the urin is thick and confused, the pulse great, soft, and frequent. Feb. Syncopalis hath its name from the Symptome, and is known by oft swooning and fainting. In Epialas▪ there is heat and cold felt in the body at one and the same time. Causes of all are as followeth. A Synochus putrid is wont to be generated of those causes that produce a simple Synochus, and so not only the constipation of the skin, but the obstruction of the vessel from much blood, Causes. and tough crasse hu­mours, which hindering transpirati­on of the smoaky vapours, putrifa­ction of the blood is generated. Con­tinua. Tertiana drawes it's original from bilious blood putrified in the Cava, this being produced from hot and dry, or thin diet, hunger, hot and dry distemper of the liver, &c. Con­tin. Quotid. is produced from pu­trid phlegme in the Cava; it oft happens to children and aged, some­times [Page 34] lasting sixty dayes, sel­dome dissolved before twenty; it extreamly weakens the stomach, hence Cachexia & Hydrops. This Fever falls out seldome, because phlegme doth not so easily putrifie. Contin. Quartan. is caused from me­lancholick blood putrified in the branches of the Cava, arising from its proper causes: this happens most sel­dome. The accidental differences of Fevers are taken from the com­plication of perverse Symptomes with the essentials, Diff. and from thence are denominated, Feb. Caus. Colli­quans, Horrifica, &c. Feb. Caus. is di­vided into true, and bastard; the first is from bile putrified in the greater veines near the heart, in this the Symptomes are vehement; the se­cond is either from bile mixed with phlegme, or salt phlegme putrified; and here the symptomes are more gentle. Hence it's manifest, that there is no other true burning Fever then a continual Tertian, in which the matter is more sharp and abounding in the vessels near the heart, where­as [Page 35] in a simple Continual Tertian the matter is lesse, and in vessels more remote from the heart. Again, an ex­quisite burning Fever is of two sorts; one which continues in one one­ly fit from the beginning to the end, and this is above called Synochus Bi­liosa vel Ardens, this is from bile putrified occupying the vessels most near the heart; Causes. the other containes many fits, and is called Ardens Paro­dica. In this the same matter is not so near the heart. Feb. Colliquans is a kinde of a burning Fever; for the greatnesse of the heat doth waste the fat, flesh, and substantial solid parts, and sometimes the humours in the veines by insensible transpiration, sweat, urin or stoole; it's from a thin, sharp, and bilious matter, which be­gins to burne vehemently, and this is not seldome joyned with a maligne and pestilential quality Horrific. Feb. in which horrour happens, is caused from bile and phlegme, or serosities mixt, which move unequally, and the horrour is stirred up, either from bile, and crude humours, burnt, putrified [Page 36] and moved, or thin, sharp, and se­rous matter biting the sensible and nervous parts; or lastly, the crude humour shaking nature in vaine; hence the heat being driven back to the centre, the extreme parts are cold, and the same presently issuing out heat. Assodes, this may be re­ferred to the burning Fever, in which the sick is cast down, grieved with much unquietnesse, bearing the disease grievously, and that oft with loathing and vomiting, being it a­riseth from sharp bilious humours biting the mouth, or tunicles of the stomach. Elodes, in this sweat is continually poured out, and is caused from the great heat of the putrid and maligne matter dissolving the substance of the body, Syncopalis is double: the one is from humours thin and small, yet venemous and cor­rupt, and this is called Minuta; the other is from abundance of crude hu­mours, and is called Humorosa, which may be referred to pituitous fevers; onely here the quantity of matter is more great, with a weaknesse of the [Page 37] mouth of the stomach. Epiala, in this is felt heat and cold at the same time through the whole body. They have two causes, the one from a certaine glassy phlegme mixt with bitter cho­ler diffused through the whole body: from the choler is the sense of heat, from the phlegme the sense of cold. The other is from glassie phlegme a­lone, but partly putrified, & part not. That which is not putrified causeth cold, the other heat, and both at the same time; it may also be generated, when two intermitting Fevers fall out in one day, or an intermitting, and continual, the heat of one Fever falling out with the cold of another. There are other accidentall differ­ences of Fevers, which may be refer­red to symptomatical. Those are named Symptomatical, which arise from the putrifaction contained in any of the bowels, as these follow­ing; a Plurisie, peripneumonia, phre­nitis, angina, inflammatio hepatis, and other internal parts, ulcers or absces­ses. Yet diligently observe, that Fevers joyned with inflammation of the [Page 38] parts are sometime essential, and not symptomatical; the inflammation of those parts following: for the body being full of corrupt blood and stuf­fed with ill humours, a Fever is stir­red up, and so being in motion, by nature is cast to the weakest part, or that which is most fit to receive the humour, whence the inflammati­on is produced after the Fever, as may be observed in sick, who oft have a Fever two or three dayes before a Plurisie appear, and so many in the third or fourth day of a Fever fall in­to a Phrensy; so for most part in Gouts, before inflammation, tumors, and paine of the joynts appear, there commonly precedes a Fever for one, or two dayes before: so the like may be said, when an Erysipelas. The disposition of the urin also shewes the same, discovering manifest notes of putrifaction contained in the veines; for in the beginning they appeare crude, but after they shew signes of concoction: then also the blood drawne is very corrupt, which is not when Fevers are Symptomati­cal, [Page 39] or depend upon other inflam­mations; now these Fevers, whether Symptomatical, or Primary, if joyn'd with inflammation of the parts, have their accidental differences; for if the Fever be from blood, it's called Phleg­monodes; if bile referring to the na­ture of an Erysipelas, it's call'd Ty­phodes; but a peculiar Erysip. of the stomach and guts causeth Febris Li­pyria, in which the outward parts are cold, and the inner burne, the hot blood and spirits being drawne to the place inflamed, causeth intense heat with unquenchable thirst, whilest the external parts left by the same, are cold. Feb. Lenta is usually re­ferred to the Symptomatical; this a­riseth from matter without the vessels poured out into the substance of some of the bowels, or in the capillary vessels dispersed through the bowels, and so putrifying. In these is gentle heat afflicting, with which there's ap­parent notes of putrifaction, in the u­rin and pulse no grievous Symptomes molesting the sick, there's wasting of strength, the body by degrees [Page 40] consumes, it lasts fourty dayes; pur­ging exasperates, when portion of the putrifaction is poured out into the veines, it stirs up a Fever. So milde, that the sick is scarcely sensible of it; others arise from some corruption & putrifaction out of the bowels, whence by their veines inserted are commu­nicated putrid vapours to the heart, & heate it; & it's sometimes more gentle, otherwhile more vehement and a­cute; these happen most oft in putri­faction of the lungs, call, mesentery, spleen, liver, wombe, or the secondine in the wombe; also by fistulas pene­trating to the inward parts, and sometimes by the corruption of these. To these may be added, that oft found in those labouring of the Green-sicknesse, which arise, from serous phlegme poured out into the body, lightly putrified. Besides these common differences of continual Fe­vers, there arise some from peculiar causes which offer themselves, as is related by Zacutus, of a childe who laboured of a Fever with grievous unquietness, convulsive motions, con­tinual [Page 41] loathings, and coldnesse of the extreme parts, &c. by blood falling into the stomach after the cutting of the ligament of the tongue, which he cured by giving of ol. Amygdal. till it vomited, and glisters: There's o­ther in children arise, as from cor­rupt milke, wormes, crudity and teeth, &c. Prognosticks are such as follow. Synochus Putrida, if acute, Prog. wants not danger, yet if signes of concocti­on appear the fourth day, and no er­ror be committed, it will end safely the seventh day; but if they appear later, it may extend to the eleventh or fourteenth day; but if no signes of concoction appear, and the face of the sick arise like a globe it signi­fies the length of the diseases. The urin how much the more red its from the beginning, other Symptomes an­swering, its so much the more secure, and the dispatch of the disease, if therein signes of concoction appear; but with signes of crudity it threat­ens death, especially if there be great weaknesse; white urin is worst, and most frequently portends death. If [Page 42] there be a flux from the beginning, dissolving strength, and be black and stinking, its ill. Fevers from choler, as they are acute; so they are dange­rous, and that more or lesse accord­ing to the degree of the distemper, which is not onely to be judged ac­cording to the degree of heat, but also from the natural state of the sick, that which most recedes from it, the more danger is threatened. So a burning Fever in aged, and com­ing in winter, is most oft deadly; the vehement Symptomes are to be con­sidered in all the faculties, in the ex­crements, change of the qualities and proper accidents, and lastly the strength is to be compared with these; for if the patient appear to have sufficient strength to encounter with these, there's the more hopes, if not, there's cause of fear. Quotidi­an uses to be long from the crasseness and contumacy of the humour; yet if there fall out in the course thereof many evacuations, it may be shorter; if the Symptomes be too hard for the faculties, it's ill; there's oft ob­structions. [Page 43] of the liver, and spleen, occasioned by its length, so that there followes a Cachexia, or Hydrops. Quartane primary and continual is very seldom, yet sometimes it degene­rates to an intermitting, and that's oft deadly; for the rest being deno­minated from their Symptomes, there to give prognosticks is need lesse; however observe, the progno­sticks of Symptomatical Fevers are best drawn from the part affected, vehemency of Symptomes and strengths of the faculties. Cure Cure. is thus performed, 1. Bleed, which re­presseth the heat of the blood, lessens its plenitude, whether it be ad vasa, or ad vires, either in the whole, or in part; it corrects the viciousnesse thereof, revels the flux of the hu­mours obstructing, restores breath­ing, cooles the whole body, hinders putrifaction, and helps to concoct the humours already putrified; there­fore it's to be done presently at the beginning, unlesse weaknesse forbid, as in febris Syncopalis, or other causes, as in age; and here Cups are to take [Page 44] place, a Glister or a Suppositary is to be premised; for the quantity to be drawne, it's to answer fulnesse, strength, age, time of the yeere, &c. the Ancients in Synochus putrida, & causus used to let blood to fainting; but it's more secure and better to do it by repetition. Avicen in these for­bids bleeding, unlesse urin be red and thick, but nature hath instructed us better, who having foiled its adversa­ry, dischargeth it by an haemorrhage, and sometimes it concludes in a phrensie and other inflammations. Lastly, bleeding stayes ebullition, in that the bile with it mixed is drawne forth; for in the masse of blood con­teined in the greater vessels ther's but a due proportion of bile remaining. Now if the vrin be crude, and the strength of the sick be lively, and the blood break forth in a heap together, then onely the putrid and that which offends nature, is cast forth, the more pure remaining in the veines, nature expelling the most part, this may oft be observed; but if it flow from the veine by drops, it's the most purest. [Page 45] In bilious tempers blood may be ta­ken sparingly, especially in the mid­dle of Summer, or the Dog-dayes. In pituitous and melancholick Fevers the lesse quantity of blood is to be taken; yet in the first it may be se­curely done, if the urin be thick and red; in the latter it's to be drawn from the left arme; in these there is to be regard had, both to coindications, and contraindications, as when a Quotidi­an falls out in children, or aged, in cold regions, or winter-time; also if it be from too much labour, bleed more sparingly; if a Fever be from too much venery, to bleed is pernici­ous. For the time of bleeding, 'tis not to be done presently upon taking of meat, but when concoction of the stomach is perfected, and the belly discharged from excrements. It's to be performed rather in time of re­mission, then in the strength of the fit; for nature cannot well bear the impetus of the disease and ven. sect. together; that which respects reite­ration, if necessary, it may be the same day, if to evacuate; but if to revell, [Page 46] then in divers dayes; for where it's to evacuate (especially in acute diseases) the body is oft suddenly transferred to another state, the principio presently passing over; and then bleeding is not so profitable al­though it may be used. In revulsion there's respect had to the motion of the humour; therefore reiteration by intervals is good; for by this the blood in any part is drawn into the veines, and so farther; bleeding is to be repeated, especially if that drawn be very putrid, and there seems to be a great quantity in the veines; its most fit to be performed on the right arme, yet also on the left, when therere's greater tension of the left Hypochondria then the right; yet if to revell, and strength be little, the mat­ter assault the head, and there be pain of the head, and watching, to open veines in the feet is most profitable. Frictions in putrid Fevers are seldom used, unlesse in syncopalis; Cups may be often used if necessary, especial­ly with Scarrification, in case strength & age wil not permit ven. sect. II. Phar­maceutica [Page 47] is to be used, and this is of two sorts: evacuation, and alteration; the first comprehends purging, vo­miting, sweating, and pissing; in the second is cooling, attenuating, inci­ding, opening, and strengthening; all which with their composition and use shall be orderly set down, be­ginning first with purgers. It's con­troverted by some, whether there's to be purgers used in the beginning of a putrid Fever, which is thus re­solved. If the quantity of the mat­ter immediately producing it, be contained in the greater veines, pur­ging in the beginng is not fit, unlesse it be turgid, i. e. so stirred up by na­ture, and provoked by the ill quality thereof, that there's an endeavour to expell it; for hence it's more ready for excretion; and if not removed, it's to be feared may rush upon some noble part, and do great hurt, yet this seldome happens, and therefore concoction is much to be desired be­fore the matter be evacuated. But if the quantity of the matter con­tained in the first wayes be much, by [Page 48] which the Fever is much increased; nature burdened, and the matter contained in the veines be kept from concoction, then purging may be ex­hibited the day after bleeding, but so gentle, as onely to evacuate the first wayes, i. e. the stomach, guts, mid­riffe or praecordia, which may be known to abound by loathing, bit­ternesse of the mouth, thirst, paine in the stomach and other parts con­tained in the lower belly, flux, and other symptomes, upon which ac­count purging sometimes may be permitted the very same day a veine is opened, with these or the like. ℞ cassiae rec. extract. ℥j. pulp. Tamarind. ℥s. cum Sacch. cand. alb. f. bol. or ℞ diacathol. ʒvj. Elec. lenit. vel diapru­ni simp. ℥s. cremor. Tart. ʒj. f. bol. or ℞ fol. endiv. cichor. acetos. an. Mi Tamarind. ℥s. coq. ad ℥iij. in colat. dis­sol. catholic. ℥s. Mannae elec. & syr. ros. an. ℥j. Misce, f. pot. if you would have it a little stronger, adde rhab. ʒj. vel. ℈iiij. in aq. endiviae, vel ci­chorii infus. cum Santal. citri, yea ra­ther sometimes if the Fever be not [Page 49] too intense, adde ʒij, vel iij Senae to the decoction. Some reject rhubarb, because it heats, also Manna & Syr. ros. because they are sweet and easily turned into choler, but being either infused or decocted in cooling waters they cannot be ill, especially if in the said decoction be added Pulp. Tamarind. which in this case is excellent. Some use in bilious Fevers the whey of Goates milke, which tempers the heat of the Fever, evacuates choler, and strengthens the bowels, in Cyatho uno seri lactis insunde per noctem rhab. ʒj. vel ʒ j s. or adde Syr. ros. ℥ij. vel iij. exhibit in the morning, and after that drink lb ij. Note that Purgers to be used in the beginning of Putrids are cal­led Minoratives, but those used when the matter is concocted Eradica­tives, which also may be fit in the beginning. First, if the matter be turgid, i. e. either moving to a de­terminate part, or so disposed as to rush into a part, which may be per­ceived by light and wandering pains in divers parts speedily moving, as [Page 50] also oft change of colour in the face. Secondly, if the humours in primis viis. be not mixed with the blood in the veines.

Sometimes in the beginning of these Fevers, if the sick be given to loathing and vomit, nature is to be imitated and helped in her motion, lest the abundance of excrementiti­ous matter do not onely hinder its concoction, but also whither soever it's carried, change the humours into the like, and so increaseth the pec­cant matter. For all uncleannesses contained in the stomach, spleene, pancreas, mesentery, and hollow of the liver, are profitably discharged by vomit, which sometimes cannot be removed by purging medicines, though oft reiterated. And it's not seldome observed, that the matter cast out by vomit doth take away the Fever at the beginning, which o­therwise would continue long, that matter in the more inward parts of the body, and mixed with the blood being transmitted. Vomiting me­dicines are of three sorts, the more [Page 51] gentle are to be used; as aq. Hord. tepid. cum ol. Amygd [...]d. or aq. Commun. cum aceti alb. exigua quantitate, also Syr. acetos. aut oxymel. Simpl. cum jure pulli, vel decoct. Sem. anethi, raphani, aut atriplicis, to which ad oyle. The quan­tity to be given is lbj, or more, for les will be retained in the stomach. But if these be too weak, & not efficacious, it's lawfull to flie to more powerfull, as is set down in the Generall cure. Glisters are not onely to be cast in from the beginning before bleeding, but also every, or every other day through the whole cure, if the belly flow not freely. They are to be made ex decoct. emollient. & refriger. as of barley, prunes, mallow, violet-leaves, mercury, bears-foot, atriplex, lettice, endive, Semperviva, nym­phaea, in which dissolve Catholic. cas­sia, diaprun. S. Sacchar. rub. mel viol. mercurialis, ol. Nympheae, viol. &c. Yet in more intense Fevers use not oiles, because they easily inflame. First. Frst, the quantity of your Semperviva is not above three or four Scales in the decoction of one glyster, lest it [Page 52] coole too much, and hurt the guts. Secondly, glysters in all bilious Fe­vers are not to be cast in actually hot, but gently warme. In pituitous Fevers the decoctions are to be made of Emollients with the seeds of Fen­nell, Anise, Carthamus, and the flowers of Camomile, Melilot, dis­solving therin Hierapic. S. Diaphoenic. Mel. ros. Mercurialis, ol. Anethi, Cha­mom. vel communis. And whereas a­bove it's noted, Eradicatives are not to be used unlesse the matter be con­cocted, the Physician from the be­ginning after the first bleeding, and evacuating the first wayes, is to use such medicines as prepare the hu­mour to concoction and evacuation, which together temper the feverish heat, hinder putrifaction, and open obstructions; such are juleps broths, and Emulsions formed as followeth; Juleps in a bilious matter are made ex Syrup, Limon. Granator. de Agresta, Acetosa, Syr. de suc. acetos. de Cicho­ri. simp. oxysacchari cum aq. Endiviae, acetosa, graminis, & cichori: or much better, ex decoct. rad. acetos. cichorii, ca­pill. [Page 53] Veneris, Scariol. Dentis Leonis, Sem. frigid. Tamarind. cum Syrup. prae­dictis; & sometime to coole intensely, adde Sal. prunellae ʒ j. for every Dose of the Julep, or spir. vitriol. vel sul­phur. q. s. ad gratam aciditatem. Also this is excellent. ℞. Succi po­mor. redolent. recent. extract. & per residentiam depurati ℥ iiij. Succ. limon. ℥ iij. aq. ros. ℥ ij. Succ. mal. granator. ℥ j. Sacc. alb. lb s. f. julep pro tribus dosibus. But if choler be very thin, quae orgasmum faciat, or brings forth Diarrhea, or other grievous flux of the belly, Juleps are then to be made of incrassers, as ex aquis lactuc. portu­lac. papav. erratic. nymph. rosar. cum Syr. ros. Sicc. viol. jujub. papav. erratic. papav. albi, or ex decoct. lactuc. portulac. plantag. flor. Nymph. papav. erratic. & viol. cum Syr. praedictis. Yet note, that Syr. viol. and those more sweet­er are not to be used alone, because as they loose the stomach, so they in­crease thirst, being turned by the heat of the stomach into hot vapors, before they can penetrate into the veines,☜ therefore mixe them alwayes [Page 54] cum Syr, acetos. that so they may the more easily penetrate, and resist the feverish heat. In the progresse of the Fever concoction appearing, adde to the former decoct. rad. aspa­rag. liquirit. fol. Agrimon. pimpinellae, hepaticae, & capil. Veneris. In Chro­nick, and pituitous Fevers, those things are to be prescribed which in­cide, attenuate, and open more, be­ginning with the weaker, as Syr. a­cetos. capil. Veneris, Byzant. cum decoct. Agrimon. capill. Veneris, beto­nic. liquirit. passul. In the progresse, to the former is to be added syrup. de duobus & 5. radic. acetos. compos. de Hyssop. oxymel. simp. & compos. and to the decoct. adde rad. 5. aperi­tiu. fol. Hyssop. card. bened. & (If the matter be much impacted, tough, and viscid) chamaedryos, & centau. minor. to which if sal tartari, & spir. vitriol. be added, it will work more happily. In melancholick Fevers is to be added that which hath a quality to humect, as syrup. violar. buglos. borag. de pomis, in principio, but after syr. de fumaria, & epithym. [Page 55] de 5. rad. oxymel. scill. cum. decoct. prun. bugloss. borrag. ceterach. ca­pil. Veneris, fumaria, lupulor. after­ward ex. cuscuta, scordij, centaur, mi­nor. cortic. capp. fraxini, & tama­isci. And lastly, in bastard fevers arising from a mixture of divers hu­mors, the foresaid remedies are to be mixed, yet so as the prescribed me­dicaments must answer the predo­minant humor. For the more dainty, medicated brorhs may be used; in­stead of juleps; and lest the long use of them may weary, the roots and Herbs more grateful are to be cho­sen; and to them, sometimes when you would coole more, adde sal. prunell. vel. spirit. vitriol.

In gentle and long fevers produ­ced from contumacious obstructi­ons, Chamaedris, though bitter, may be boyled in broth with cichory, it's admirable. In pituitous fevers the decoction of camomile-flowers is ex­cellent. Emulsions are very grate­ful having place here, they are to be used, especially, where with the fever is joyned a dry distemper of [Page 56] the bowels, a thin catarrh, or an in­flammation of the lungs, & the parts of the spirits; or lastly, the formes of remedies are to be changed, that the patient may not be wearied with the long use of any of the composi­tions which are before prescribed. The exhibiting of great quantity of water hath been used and praised both by new and old, but it's use may be suspected, yet with some addition of spir. vitriol. to the quantity of ℥X. vel. Xij. may help to allay the great heat of fevers, the spirits fits the water to open obstru­ctions, and penetrate the sooner, spreading over the bowels, neither stayes it in the Hypochondries, as a­quasimp. doth. Mineral waters are good although taken in great quan­tities, not troubling the Hypochon­dries, being speedily cast forth, these open obstructions, amend strength dejected by the vehemency of the fever. Opiats, and condites to strengthen are to be made of the conserves of borage-roots, of the leaves of sorrel, wood-sorrel, stalks [Page 57] of lettice, of the flowers of borage, buglosse, violets, cichory, roses, and pulpe of citrons: adding the pow­ders of coral, pearle, shavings of jvor, harts horne; Diamargar. fri­gid. Trisantal. Diarrhod. Abbatis, Confec. Alkermes, & de Hyacinth. as ℞. conser. flor. borag. buglos. & rosar. an. ℥ j. confoc. Alkermes ʒ j s. diamar­gar. frigid. rasur. eboris, coralli. proep. & Margar proep. an. ℈ s. sacchar. ros. ad pondus omnium; fol. Auri. Niij, fiat. conditum auro coopertum, quo u­tatur frequenter ex cochleari per se superbibendo parùm aq. vel potûs or­dinarij, vel cum eadem aqua pro potu admisceatur, vel cum jusculis. ℞. conser. cichor. acetos. lactuc. & acid. citri an. ℥ s. pul. santal. citrin. & mar­gar. praep. an ℈ j. spir. vitriol. ℈s, cum syr. viol. f. opiat. ℞. conser. buglos. rosar. & viol. an. ℥ j. aq. Endiv. ace­tosae & boragin. an ℥ iij. Misceantur, simul, calefiant super cineres, & per colum trajiciantur; deinde add. confec. Alker. ʒ ij, diamarg. frig. ʒs, coral. praep. Margar praep. & rasurae Ebo­ris. an. ℈j, syr. de limon. & granat. [Page 58] ℥iij, Misce, detur singulis vicibus cochlear. 1. For the more delicate, & where strength is much spent, this is most excellent, and grateful; ℞. aq. acetos. Nymph. & rosar. an. ℥ j s. syr. granat. & limon. an. ℥ j, confect. Alker. ʒ j, Misce, utatur ex cochleari fre­quenter. Remedies altering, prepa­ring, and concocting, having for several dayes been used; pur­ging is to follow, the fever declining, and signes of concoction appearing, shunning the critical dayes, it's to be done with a little stronger purgers then used in the beginning, as sen. rhab. agaric. diacathol. duplex, &c. which are to be fitted ac­cording to the humour offending, and the nature of the disease. Also sometimes diagrediated me­dicines may be used, as, Dia­prun. soluti. diaphoeni. Elect. succ. ros. ☞ aut diacartham, which are most seldome to be used in con­tinued putrids, because they great­ly inflame the humours, and stirre up vehement thirst, especially in burning fevers, wherein they [Page 59] are very hurtful, yea rhubarb, al­though benigne, and most excel­lent, yet in very bilious fevers it is suspected, because indued with a no­table force to heat and dry, but that may be much amended, if it be infu­sed in cooling waters, and mixed with the decoction of Tamarinds, and cooling herbs, adding Cassia, syr. ros. de cichor. cum rheo, & similia. If the fever be long, purgings are oft to be repeated, casting in preparers, and concocters, till the whole seat of the matter be removed; other­wise, if purging be left before the fever be wholly ended, it will be in danger to return. Yet take these restrictions.☜ If after many repetitions of purging the fever perseveres, & by degrees wastes the sick, and seems to hasten a Tabes, leave purging, and op­pose the fever with altering medicins and good diet; for it sometimes hap­pens where a certain ill affect of the bowels causeth long fevers, then as long as medicaments are used, so long it persists; besides, by desisting, nature, which before was wearied, [Page 60] gaining strength, concocts the cause of the disease, and after expels it; yet if gentle fevers arise from obstructi­ons, such as oft fal out in children, oft purging & gently, per Epicrasin, draw­ing out the humor, is wont to remove the disease, especially if made of rhu­barb, which both openeth obstructi­ons, & strengthneth the Entrals; and this is to be taken every day, being infused in aq. End. recent. lb j. rhab. ʒ j. dos. ℥ iiij. in the mornings till the fever be removed, or use it for ordina­ry drink, as Rhei. ʒ s. vel ʒ j. according as the child can bear the tast, beaten, and lapt up in a rag, & infused in water 2 or 3 pints cold, for a whole day. This is to be continued for a month, or longer if the contumacy of the di­sease require it; somtimes, if the fever be very gentle, & the body phlegma­tick, some wine may be added, which corrects the taste of the rhubarb. Af­ter the purging of the Morbifick mat­ter, nature in the declining of the di­sease casts out the rest by urin; which although it comes in abundance and thick, its motion is to be helped with [Page 61] temperate Diureticks, as are above prescribed, in Emulsions, opening juleps, and broths; to which if the fever be very remisse, may be added some roots of fennel, and parsley; or leaves of wormwood; and that especially in pituitous and continual Quotidians. But if nature drive out all the rest of the matter to the habit of the body, sweating is to be used, but not with those properly called Sudo­rificks, which are strong, but those temperate which are almost the same with Diureticks, and do not only by an attenuating quality dis­pose the humour, but also help na­ture to expell it. By the way, most fit to these may be added, aq. Card. bened. scabios. spir. vitriol. and others; and to be prescribed in malign fevers more largely. Besides inward reme­dies, outward are to be applied in the state or declination, after the internal feverish heat by coolers is repressed, & the greater part of the putrifying humour is drawn forth, but not up­on critical days: They profit to tem­perate the heat, relax the pores, and [Page 62] strengthen the principal parts, as ℞. aq. buglos. acetos. Nymph. rosar. aena ℥ iij. aceti ros. vel succ. limon. ℥ j. spec. diamarg. frig. & Trisantal. ana ʒ iij. Camphor: & croc. ana gr. v. misc. f. Epith. applica tepidè cord. cum panno scarlatino, to strengthen the more, and mend the smell, adde aq. Naph. ℥ ij. confect. Alker. ʒ j. where you desire to corroborate more, ℞. conser. bugloss. & ros. ana ℥ j confect. Alker. ʒ ij. diamarg. fri­gid. ʒ j s. cum succ. limon. vel aq. ros. f. Epithema solidum, appl c. post liqui­dum. Or this which is better, ℞. con­fec. Alkerm. de Hyacinth. ana ʒ iij. Spec. Trisant. & diamarg. frig. ana ʒ ij. cum aq ros. & f. instar liniment. quo illinatur regio cordis. Also to streng­then, to call out the feverish heat, and vapours, apply young pidgeons cut in the middle to the region of the heart, which may be sprinkled with cordial powders, as diamarg. frig. & Trisantal. or anoint that region cum liniment. Cardi. To the liver ap­ply this. ℞. aq. Endiv. acetos. cichor. ros. ana ℥ iij. aq. lactuc. ℥ ij. aceti [Page 63] ros. ℥ s. Spec. Trisantal. ʒ j s. Spodii ʒ s. Campho. ℈ s. f. Epith. To coole more; ℞. Succ. cichor. Endiv. ana lb. s. succ. lact. & acet. ros. ana. ℥ ij. pul. tri­santal. ʒ ij. misc. f. Epith. anoint the same region with this ℞. ung. ros. ℥ j s. Ceral. santal. ℥ j. Succ. Endiv. ℥ j s. ol. ros. & cer. ana q. s. ut f. ung. cui add. aceti ros. parùm unctionis tempore; It may also be used to the reines and loines, and because of that great consent betwixt the stones and the principle parts, so that these cooled, in great part quench the heat of the whole body: it's profitable to apply coolers to them also; as ℞. aq. Nymph. plantag. rosar. & cichor. ana ℥ iij. aceti ros. ℥ j s. vini alb. ℥ ij Misc. hisque immergatur linteum quo actu frigido testes involvantur; Refri­gerating the feet and hands, do much help from that consent they have with the whole body being the Arteries, Nerves, and Veines, end in those parts. Some may think these may hinder the breathing forth of the excrements, but that's not to be feared, being few flow thither, [Page 64] therefore they more help then hurt: Balls of Marble, Crystal, or Lead, are to be held in the hands, or ma­cerate them in cold water where­with there is mixed wine-vineger. To the soales of the feet apply fol. lactuc. Nymphoeae, aq. & acet. immersa, or wash both hands and feet with this, ℞ fol. lactuc. semperv. viol. por­tulac. fol. vitis, salicis, ana Mj. cap. pap. N. xii. vel fol. ejusd. (si adsint vi­giliae) Mj. acet. ℥ j. vini alb. ℥ ij. aq. font. q. s. f. decoct. cui add. si lubet, lixivii parùm ad corroboratio­nem articulorum, hoc laventur ma­nus & brachia, pedes & tibiae tepidè, bis in die, aut semel horâ somni. The Ancients in putrids have used a bath of aq. dulc. but it is dangerous, un­lesse the fever be long, the body be hot, dry, and squalid, and seem to degenerate into a Hectick. This is to be noted, if the fever end by Crises; the rest of the diseased mat­ter is to be removed by purging, especially if the Crisis be made by sweat, or Hemorrage; for by these onely, the thinner part of the mat­ter [Page 65] is cast forth, the thicker remain­ing behinde, which acquiring new heat, procures a relapse. Therefore that Crisis made by a flux of the belly, is wont to be more secure, yet is it not so to be confided in, as to for­bear purging; for even to the last the praecordia are defiled, and the ali­ments corrupted, whence either is raised (as hath been observed) a reci­divation, or another disease caused; therefore it's much better once and again to repeat gentle Catharticks; so to remove all the rest, that that which is feared, may be prevented. For Diet, Diet. of which something hath been said above, in bilious fevers it is to be cold and moist, in pitui­tous and Mleancholick more heat­ing, and attenuating. The Aire Aire. is to be cold, and moist, for being drawn in, it contemperates, the heat of the heart; yet it is naught to lay naked the body to its encounter; for it may hinder evaporation by keeping in the sweat and vapours, yet they are onely to be covered with light and soft things: here wool-beds or [Page 66] quilts are better then fetherbeds, and if the feverish heat be much, it is fit they be covered with leather; the bed is to be large, that therein the sick may change places. The linnen and other cloathes are oft to be changed, so that they be not newly washed, smell of washing, or shifted at time of Crisis, in which nothing is to be removed, lest the motion of nature be disturbed. The Rayes of the Sunne are to be shut out, and much company shunned. Poure wa­ter oft from one vessel to another, besprinkle the pavement with water and vineger, or rose-water, or cold herbs, and flowers, as violets, willow-leaves, water-lilies, and roses, chan­ging them oft in a day; for being dry, they heat. If there be too much coldnesse, as in winter, it's to be tem­perated with a little fire without smoak. In fevers from phlegme, the Aire ought to be meanly hot and dry. For Aliments, in acute fevers they ought to be thin; the diligence of the Ancients was much in this, ap­pointing it as the greatest part of the [Page 67] cure, and if the fever of the sick be most acute, they commended the diet most thin, nourish the sick on­ly with barley Ptisans, as the most fit, which cooles, humects, and toge­ther attenuates, opens, and hinders no evacuation. These Ptisans are double, one called simple, not strain­ed; the other is, and is called, Cre­mor Hord. the barley is to be boyled in water. But now, what through the obstinacy of the patient, and the indulgency of the Physician in what fever soever, though never so acute; leave is given to take broths made of chickens, capons, mutton, and that every third or fourth hour, in these are boyled cooling herbs, as Lettice, Endive, Purslain, Sorrel; the broth may be also mixed with juice of li­mons, oranges, or citrons; if the fe­verish heat be great, and the putri­faction be intense. In fevers lesse acute, Panatello's may be given, 2 or three a day, made of bread and broth, also Hordeats with broth and sugar, or without broth, adding sweet Almonds, but that often trou­bling [Page 68] the stomack, it is better to use simple broths, and Panatella's, yet it is very profitable to boyle flesh, ad­ding barley, and so prepare broths. In long fevers a fuller diet may be ad­mitted, as the flesh of pullets, veale, hens, capons, partridges, and mut­ton, or any of them, contused and boyled into jelly, is fit; but observe, they must not be given in the fit, but when the fever is remitted, yet if the fit be long, they may be permitted in the declining thereof; in all continu­al fevers; a Ptisan of barley and lico­rish is good, to which if the fever be hot, adde lettice, sorrel, Tamarinds, &c. and to these is wont oft to be added, rad. gram. vel acetos. In long fevers, adde rad. foenicul. petroselini, sem. Anisi, coriand. aut cinam. If the stomack be weak and offended, ℞. ptisan. vulg. ex Hord. & liquirit. lb ij. spir. sulph. q. s. ad gratam acidita­tem C. C. usti ℥ j. utatur pro potu or­dinario, vas usûs tempore agitando; or aq. panata alone, or sweetened with sugar, or mixt with a little vineger, or water alone boyled, that the cru­dities [Page 69] thereof may be removed, with which mixe sometimes sugar; as al­so, the juice, or Syrup of limons, pome­granates, barberries, cherries, or Spir. vitriol. aut sulphur. q. s. ad gratam aciditatem, or Sal prunellae, a little, if you would cool more power­fully; also water wherein are infused Tamarinds, barberries, or prunes, the decoction of prunes; or boyl bar­ley with Tamarinds, and towards the end, add Santal. citri. & cinam. which drink doth not only quench thirst, but looseth the belly, and strengtheneth, and cooleth the liver. ℞. Sacchar. fin. ℥ viij. Sal. prunel. ℥ j. f. pul permiscen­dus ptisan. pro potu; to which (if thirst be great) adde spir. vitriol. This is to be observed,☜ that Spir. vi­triol. & sulphuris is to be much used in putrid fevers, both of them having a notable force in cooling, opening, resisting putrefaction, prohibits hu­mour from inflaming, and quench­eth thirst; but yet in Pleuritis, pe­ripneumonia, haemoptoe, phthisis, and the rest of the affects of the lungs (unlesse the vessels thereof obstruct­ed, [Page 70] have risen from crasse phlegm) inflammation of the stomack, Dysen­teria, sangu. mict. the ulcers of the reines, and bladder hurt much, and therefore in such cases to be for­borne. In fevers from bile very thin and hot, or joyned with a thin and sharp distillation; sharp things are not fit, but rather those which gent­ly incrassate, as Syr. viol. rof. sicc. cum aq. Hord. vel panata, vel cocta simpli­citer permixtus, when tough and thick humours abound, Syr. acetosus, in the place of the foresaid, will be most profitable. Sometimes may be used, conser. viol. buglos. &c. boyled in water, and drawne through a bag, adding some drops of Spir. vitriol. Or prepare a Tincture of ro­ses, for in colour and taste, it is most pleasant, as ℞. ros. rub. sicc. ℥ j. aq. tepi. lb. iij. spirit. sulph. ʒ j s. aut vitriol. infund. per 3. vel 4. hor. fri­gidae colatur: add. sacch. alb. ℥ iiij. aq. ros. lb. s. f. julep. clarum pro potu or­dinario; in the same manner may other tincture of flowers be made. Julep. Alexandr. is not a little profit­able, [Page 71] and most pleasant; as, ℞. aq. fontan. lb. j. aq. ros. succ. limon. & sacc. alb. ana ℥ iiij. coq. lento igne dum despumaverint. Sleep is very profitable, watching hurtful, yet too much sleep overwhelmes the na­tive heat, and hinders the evacuati­on of excrements. Rest is necessary in acute fevers, but in longer light exercise is profitable, and oft to be used, lest that which according to nature ought to be expelled, be re­tained, although all immoderate evacuations, which exhaust the strength, are to be stayed, and all vehement, perturbations of the minde are to be shunned.

CHAP. II. De Symptomat. Febrium.

SYmptomes accompanying fevers, are divers; but they are ordinari­ly more powerful and vehement in putrids, and therefore they require the next place to be handled. The [Page 72] remedies prescribed accommodating the disease, may remove some, but others must come under peculiar consideration, such as oft more mo­lest then the disease it selfe. Pain of the head, watching, and light-head­ednesse, are cured almost with one and the same remedies, i. e. with re­vellers, repellers, derivers, re­solvers, and anodyns. For to revell or draw back, use glisters, emollient, and loosing, gentle purging, bleed­ing, cups, and washings of the feet. To beat back, use frontals, oxyrrhod. un­guents, or liniments. To derive, open the veines of the forehead, and use vesicatories. And to resolve, use oiles, and Animals, the which also are anodyns; with these are to be exhi­bited proper Juleps and Emulsi­ons, to temperate hot and sharp hu­mours in great necessity, and where the foresaid remedies prevaile not, (the matter of which medicines are to be found in their proper Chap­ters, viz. in pain of the head, Deli­rium, &c.) Narcoticks may be used of all, but especially of narcoticks, [Page 73] observe that they be not used in the instant of the crisis; for they will powerfully disturb the motion of nature, and hinder the crisis. Con­vulsions sometimes happen, especi­ally in Maligne Fevers, from maligne vapours, gnawing the membranes of the braine. This is to be helped with revelling Glisters, and Cups, as also giving pul. gutteta, or others proper, in juleps, or broths; and lastly, anoint the spine of the back with oile of Chamomel, Violets, A­mygd. d. & de Nuc. myristicâ. Pro­found sleep coming upon Fevers, is to be cured with remedies prescribed in sleepy diseases, with this proviso, that those things heating very much, are least to be used. Thirst is to be eased with drinks cooling and hu­mecting, but if it be so intense, that moderate drinking sufficeth not (for immoderate much hurts, and oft casteth the siok into danger of life) other deceiving helps and qualify­ings are to be used; as first, cold aire is to be drawn in, the sick is to remain silent, shutting the mouth, & [Page 74] breath by the nose, and indulge sleep, after wash the mouth with aq. Hord. tepidâ, or water in which ju­jubes, sobesten, Prunes, Liquirish, Lettice, Purslaine, and the like is boyled. Let him hold in his mouth a piece of Liquirish shaved and ma­cerated in oxycrate, or wash the mouth oft with aq. Hord. aut simplic, cum modico Aceti, aut cum Succ. Li­mon. Granat. vel tantillo Spir. Vitriol. or hold in the mouth the stones of Pomgranates, prunes, or the peeles of Lemons, Oranges, Citrons, macera­ted in Rose-water, with a little Su­gar, also the stalkes of Lettice, En­dive, or Purslaine, or the leaves of Sorrell, slices of Melons, Cucumbers, first macerated in water, or sharp Cherrys, Tamarinds, or pieces of Crystall. Also Sugar moistened in Rose-water with Spir. Vitriol. and a­gain dried. If these will not re­move; drink is to be permitted though in principio, and increase; little, or none, in the state, some more, but most in the declination, for that drives the heat outwardly, and som­times [Page 75] moves sweat, especially largely in intermitting Fevers towards, and in the end of the fit. The drinks are fit to be of various matter; some are prescribed in the former Chap­ter. If thirst draw its original from bilious matter contained in the sto­mach, it's to be purged, either by vo­mit, or stoole. Vomiting is to be provoked, if the sick be full of loath­ing, cum Syr. acetos. simp. ℥ j. s. aq. Hord. vel decocti Raphan. ℥ v. But if not, or there be lesse loathing, then purge with a bene ex cassiae ℥ j. pulp. Tamarind. ʒ iij. vel Mannae ℥ ij. in decoct. prunor. & Tamarind. solu­ta. or, ℞. cassiae rec. extract. ʒ vj. Mucilag. sem. psyllii ℥ s. decoct. Hord. prunor. & Tamarindor. ℥ iiij. Syr. ros. ℥ j. Misc. f pot. Elec. Zacuti is ex­cellent. The heat, drinesse, and roughnesse of the tongue and roufe of the mouth, is helped with the following. ℞. Mucilag. sem. Cydonior. ℥ j. Mucilag. Sem. Malu. ℥ s. Spec. diamarg. frigid. & sacc Candi. an. ʒ j. Sacc. alb. q. s. f. Eclegma, or ℞. Mu­cilag. sem, psyllii extrac. cum aq. [Page 76] Lactuc. vel rosar. ℥s. Sir. Viol. Li­mon. vel Granat. an. ℥ j s. Misce, ca­piat parùm per intervall. in ore detine­at; vel ℞. sem. Cucumer. ℥ s. sem. cydonior. ʒ ij. gum. Tragacanth. ʒ j s. contunde sem. & gum. dissol. in a [...]b. ovi, Misceantur omnia, & f. Tro­chis. ore detinendi. Or, ℞. Sem. psyl­lii, Cydonior. an. ℥ j s. gum. Traga. ℥s. Sacc. Cand. Violat. ʒ iij. cum Muci­lag. gum. Trag. f. Troch. vel Linteo raro includantur, ut f. Noduli, qui macerentur in aq. rosar. & ore tene­antur. If the roughnesse be much, and stick fast, make gargarismes ex decoct. Hord. rad. Althae. fol. lactuc. portulac. flor. Viol. ad. Mel ros. Syr. Viol. vel Sacchar. candi. vel oxymel. simpl. If filth cleave to the tongue, and be much, it's to be cleansed with a rough cloth wet in oxycrate, to which also may be added the juyce of Houseleeke, & sal prunellae. If heat be more intense with notable blacknesse of the tongue, mix with them more coolers, and humecters. As, ℞. Succ. Lactuc. Sempervi. Li­mon. an. ℥ j. Mucilag, Sem. Cydon. [Page 77] Sacc. Cand. an. ℥ s. Sacch. alb. q. s. f. Looch. vel, ℞. Sempervivi recent. M. i. aceti ros. ℥ iij. aq. Hord. lb j. Coq ad 3. partis consumption. in colat. dis­sol. Sal. prunel. ℥ j s. alum. ℈ j. Syr. Viol. & diamori, an. ℥. j. f. Gargar. or Sal. prunell. Solùm in aq. Semper­vi. dissolvatur, eoque utilissimè lingua, & fauces abluuntur, necnon particula absorberi potest, ut ad aesophagum si­mili ardore affectum provenire possit. outwardly the throat and neck is to be anointed with oile of Violets and Butter washed in Rose-water; this humects the throat. To coole, use unguent. ros. refrig. Gal. &c. but it's best to apply the leaves of Lettice, and Purslaine bruised, and infolded betwixt two rags, vel milliped con­tus., and applied in the same manner. In great heat, in the brest anoint it cum ol. viol. Nymph. & amygd. dul. Yea, and if heat urge extremely, the breast is to be fomented ex decoct. Hord. Lactuc. Nymph. Borag. Viol. & similium compos. After anoint. These are not to be applied cold, but hot. To ease the paine of the loines, use [Page 78] Anodynes. Restlesnesse which is wont to happen in Feb. Assod. and in fits of the Tertian, are cured with purging cholerick humours which bite the stomach, and other sensible parts; and that either by vomit, or stoole, as nature best affects: also it's to be drawn down by Glisters. Then all things procuring rest are to be exhibited, and cold drink, and cool­ing juleps given, with which, some­times it's very profitable, to mixe a little Syr. de papaver. vel laudan. Al­so in the vigor of the fit, Syr. de pa­pav. ℥ j. may profitably be permit­ted. Swoonings in Febris Syncopa­lis, (the kindes of which, with causes, you have heard already) are thus helped. That called Minuta, the aire is to be cold, and moist, and a little astringent. That faintnesse may be hindered, the diet is to be thin, cool­ing, and strengthening, ex juscul. pullorum cum acetosa, portulac, &c. to which add. aq. ros. Succ. granat. & parùm Sacchar. Bread dipt in the juyce of Pomegranates, or Oranges may be given also; Cremor. Hord. [Page 79] cum Succ. Lim. then to restore, use broth of flesh pressed with the juices added, to the more strong, testes gal­lorum, carnes pullorum gallinae, perdi­cis, ejusdem Succi alterati. In the time of diet, drink (if there be not present some inflammation of the bowels,) thin wine, not old, nor vaporous, Out of meat, or if there be some in­flammation, aq. Hord. aut aq. panata, cum syr. granator. Limon. acido citri, julep. ros. &c. sleep out of the fit is good, in the fit hurtfull. Those things which stir up anger, sorrow, and the like, are to be especially shunned. In the fit cooling bellows and odoriferous irrorations suppress the resolving of the spirits; the face is to be sprinkled with cold wa­ter, or of Roses with Vineger. The same may be applied to the testicles in men, and paps of women; if the spirits, with the heat, are not called from the heart to the habit, it's to be done by frictions of the extreme parts, plucking oft both of nose, and haire, and calling them by their pro­per names. Give bread steeped in [Page 80] the juice of pomegranates, or thin odoriferous wine well diluted cum aq. ros. or in great necessitie may be given Cynamon-water with rose-wa­ter. In the interim strengthning broths are not to be omitted, with which mixe confect. Alkerm. &c. or oft a spoonful of this; ℞. aq. ros. ℥ij. aq. Na­phae ℥ j. aq. cinam. ℥ s. confect. Alker. ʒ j. margar. & coral. pp. an. ℈j. Manus Christi perlat. ʒvj. misc. f. pot. To these may be call'd in the opiats, and con­dita in the former chap. the crumbs of hot bread dipt in vineger and rose-water, and held to the nose is good. Apply to the heart cooling and cordial epithems, to stop the pores, and hinder dissolution, lap the sick in linnen strewed cum pul. ros. balaust. & santalor. or linnen wet, in aq. ros. & modico aceto. An­oint the whole body, especially the back, with this; ℞. ol. ros. om­phac. ℥j s. ol. my rtillor. cydonior. mucilag. sem. Psyllian. ʒ. vj gum. Arab. dissoluti in aq. ros. ʒ ij, cerae alb. q. s. f. liniment. Have spe­cial care of the stomack in which [Page 81] the hurtfull humour is heaped up, anointing the Region thereof cum ol. ros. & Cydon. Also apply toasted bread, moistened in juice of Quin­ces, and Pomegranates, and if great heat necessitate, foment it with a warme decoction of Purslaine, and Roses, or Succ. Solani, portulac. uvae acerbae, adjecto ol. ros. & Cydoniorum. Thus swooning being removed, and strength refreshed, the cause of the Fever is to be taken away by alter­ing, and evacuating, both set down in the former Chapter, in a burning Fever, whither we refer you, and come to the other called Syncopalis Humorosa, and this being from ano­ther cause, hath a contrary cure to the former. The aire ought to be enclining to heat, bright, pure, and dry. Meat to be of good juice, and easie of concoction, prepared with Hysop, Fenell, &c. Drink is to be thin wine, & oligophorum, sleep and watching, moderate. Friction with rough clothes is to be used; from the beginning, first on the feet, and thighs; after the armes, shoulders, [Page 82] and back; the cloaths being first fu­med, Styrac. lign. aloes. Thur. Cary­ophyl. &c. These also abundantly heat the joints, which with the rest are to be anointed cum ol. Anethi, Chamom. Irino, Costin. &c. These frictions are excellent, for by them the heat of the spirits, and the hurtfull matter suffo­cating the strength, are called out­wards. In the fit the sick is to be stirred up by pulling the nose and haire, rubbing the eares, also the lips with salt, and loud calls; to the nose also is to be held aq. Cinam. vel stor. aurantior. The infusion of Cloves in Vineger, and bread steeped in Hypocras, which also may be ex­hibited, or Cynamon-water, or else some of this; ℞. aq. Melissae, flor. au­rantior. & rorismar. an. ℥ j. aq. Cy­nam. ℥ s. confec. Alker. ʒ j. Syr. Condit. cortic. citri, & Caryophyl. an. ℥ j. Misce, f. pot. detur ex cochleari frequenter; or this opiat, ℞. confec. flor. buglos, anthos, & cortic. citri, cond. an. ℥ s. Nuc. Moschat. condit. ʒ iij. confec. Alker. ʒ ij. Spec. diambrae, di­amosc. dul. an. ℈ j. cum Syr. Condit. [Page 83] citri. f. opiat. Apply to the heart Epithems, and Pidgeons to the sto­mach, and testicles, in men, and paps in women, also fomentations, and others set down in virium im­becillitate; whilest this is doing fri­ctions are to be reiterated, and never omitted in this affect. Strength be­ing a little regained, the morbifick matter is to be drawn forth by Gli­sters, and Purgings, in which Hier. cum agaric. much profits; the purging is to be gentle, and oft, with casting in fit preparatives. Want of appetite is almost common to all Fe­vers, for when the stomach is affect­ed with a hot distemper, it procures thirst, and decreaseth hunger; yea, sometimes the appetite is so deject­ed, that the sick can scarcely take broth, which is caused from vitious humours collected in the stomach, or drunk up in the coates thereof, or else from corrupt and maligne va­pours assaulting it. For cure, the Morbifick matter is to be evacuated by vomit, or stoole, even from the beginning, with an infusion of Ta­marinds, [Page 84] and Rhubarb; but in declina­tio. if the Fever be not strong, cum Hier. picr. in decoct. Hord. cicerum, absinth. and in other cleansers dis­solved. After these use purging Glisters which call back from the stomach. Exhibit oft things sharp and coole, as Syr. Limon. granator. ceras. acid. &c. given either of them­selves, or with cooling waters. In declinatio. feb. may be given Syr. de absinth. pontic. alone, or with sharp Syrups or juices mixed. Offer to the sick meats very gratefull, and not much at once, but by intervals; for too much spoiles appetite. They are to be seasoned (if a cough be ab­sent) with Olives, aceto ros. Succ. Limon. If the sick abhor meat, and can eat nothing, cast in nourishing Glisters once or twice a day; first, casting in cleansing Glisters. If af­ter the Fever is quite gone, there remaine this affect, the sick is mo­derately to exercise, use Capers, and Olives, and change the place, going to a colder aire. If this suffice not, use Worm-wood wine, & pil. de Hier. [Page 85] or Tinctur. Hier. in vini alb. Coch­lear. 3. singul. mane. Hiccough and Vomiting following Fevers are op­posed by various medicaments, the matter of which is set down in their cures, to which we referre you;☜ on­ly observe that you stay not vomit­ing upon a criticall day. Hiccoughs are oft deadly, though sometimes those caused from the exhibiting of cooling juleps have been cured by wine. An Empl. ex Mithrid. to the stomach is excellent. Flux of the belly following a Fever, if Critical, is not to be stayed, neither presently at the beginning, though Symptomati­call, unlesse strength be very much decayed, lest the vicious humours run to the principal parts. When it's to be staied, it's to be done with gentle purgers, together with glisters binding, deterging, & strength­ening. Also exhibit incrassers binders, and strengtheners, all which may be taken from the Cure of Di­arrhaea, beginning at the more gentle, and make progresse, if there be ne­cessity, to the more strong, by de­grees. [Page 86] Sweat (if criticall) is not to be stayed, but if Symptomatical, and so strength be much decayed, it is, which is performed by cooling the aire, in besprinkling cold water and herbs upon the floore, and if need be, open the clothes and ventilate a little by moving of them up and downe. Use cold, and astringent medicines, as Epith. cooling the heart, liver, and whole body; and Ʋnguent. ex ol. myrtin. mucilag. & pul. astringent. compos. applied to the whole body, especially to the spine of the back: powders ex ros. balaust. malicor. myrtillis, mastic. terra Samia, &c. are to be strewed on the neck, breast, arm-pits, and groines. Or lap the sick in linnen, sprinkled with the foresaid powders; yet beware lest there be any inflammation, or tumor besides nature, hid in the Hypocondries, for then very strong astringents are not to be used. Sweat is not to be cleansed, that so it may cleave to the pores of the skin, and prohibit others from [Page 87] flowing. Exhibit inwardly incras­sers, binders, and strengtheners; as hordeats, ex decoct. lactuc. & sem. frigid. parata, also restoring broths, cum Succ. granator. agrestae with the powders of Corall, Pearle, the sha­vings of Ivory, Sanders, or balaustia. Juleps ex aq. Hord. ros. lactuc. por­tulac. cum Syr. granator. de ros. sic. aut cydoniorum, Opiats ex confer. ros. coral. margarit. terra sigill. Spec. dia­margarit. frigid. Triasantal. &c. In the cure of most acute, and pernici­ous Fevers,☞ this is diligently to be noted, that they are for most part accompanied with certaine peculiar affects of the bowels, and oft inflam­mations, wherefore in the cure, the Hypochondrie, head, breast, womb, reins and bladder is never to be neg­lected, that these parts being dischar­ged of what they labour, the rest may more easily be performed.

CHAP. III. De Tertiana intermittente.

IT's a Fever arising from excre­mentitious choler putrified in the Mesaraick veines, afflicting every third day, with shaking, after which followes hotnesse. This is either true, or bastard, the legitimate ends in twelve hours, which the spurious exceeds; and this, if it passe twen­ty four hours, is called Tertiana ex­tensa: to these may be added a third called Perniciosa. Again, some are simple, some double, others treble; the first invades every other day, the second every day, and so it's like a quotidian (unlesse that it shakes more) sometimes in this double ter­tian, two fits appear in one day, the other day remaining free: Some call this two Tertians, and make a di­stinction, though to little purpose. A treble Tertian, is when in the space of two dayes three fits appear; this is most rare, yet sometimes seen. [Page 89] These fits are various according to the divers matter putrifying in se­verall places; so that every one holds a peculiar place. Sig. Gen. Signes are either more generall, as fits every o­ther day, with much shaking; that ceasing followes heat, the Pulse in the beginning of the fit is small, and slow, after quick, urin reddish, &c. Particularly, if it be exquisite, Particular of an Ex∣quisite. the shaking is vehement and pricking arising from most thin and few va­pours, and humours without the veines, the heat is much, sharp, and biting; the Pulse in the beginning of the fit is small, & slow, in the pro­gresse, vehement and quick, the urin is reddish, yellowish, of mean con­sistence, and sometimes clouded white, and then the Fever passeth not beyond the fourth fit; the fit extends not beyond the twelfth hour, ending in sweat. Sometimes there is into­lerable thirst, paine of the head, de­lirium, vomiting, &c. If spurious, the heat's more gentle, and all other Symptomes, the Pulse in the begin­ning hard, in the progresse (with [Page 90] concoction of the humour) softer, the fit oft lasts eighteen hours; yet from the smalnesse of the matter they may end betwixt eight, ten and twelve hours. Causes. Causes of an exqui­site, is choler heaped up in primis vi­is; sometimes like that which is in folliculo fellis, sometimes green, and in the stomach and veines. The causes of a bastard are choler, mixed with melancholy, or phlegme, gene­rated not onely in the Summer, but in the Spring, Fall, and Winter. Progn. Progn. it's easily cured (if exquisite) for it oft ends the seventh fit, either by sweat, if the humour in the veines be cast through the habit of the bo­dy, or by vomit, and flux of the bel­ly, if cast to the stomach and bow­els. If pustles, or ulcers break forth on the lips, and nose, it ends. The best of all is by a flux of the belly, sweating, and ulcers, leaving the cras­ser part of the matter behind, which, if not purged away, causeth recidi­vation, or other diseases. If the bo­dy be of a good habit, the bowels be well affected, it will end the soon­er, [Page 91] if contrary, not. If spurious, in the Winter, or Fall; if the sick have used much heating meats, and drinks, it will be long before it end. Cure, Cure. first by evacuation of the first wayes, by lenitive medicaments, or Glisters, if it be exquisite, those set downe in continual putrid Fevers will serve, if bastard, adde Agaric. Senna, diacatholic. diaphaenic. & alia, the Glisters in exqui. are to be of mollifying and cooling decoct. cum. cassia, catholic. diaprun. simp. vel so­lut. in spurious ex decoct. Emollient. & incid. dissol. Mel. ros. &c. in your purgers of both may be added, Cre­mor Tartar. for it opens obstructions powerfully, cleanseth and cooles somewhat. Secondly, vomit if the matter tends to the stomach and the sick be molested with paine of the stomach, loathing, and desire to vo­mit. If gentle Emeticks will not serve, use stronger, as Asarum in pul. ʒ j. with broth, or Sal vitriol. ʒ j. or in­fus. emetic. ʒ vj. w^th some proper syrup. These oft happily evacuate the mat­ter fixed in the first wayes. They [Page 92] are warily to be used, and are usually given one hour, or a little before the fit. 3. The first wayes being empti­ed, a veine is to be opened in an exquisite, before the third fit, in a spurious, after, its to be done on the intermitting day; if the body be plethorick, the urin red and thick, then bleeding may precede purging, if the blood be very hot, adust, or putrid, reiterate bleeding. 4. Pre­pare with medicaments cooling, moistening, and cleansing the first wayes, as Taraxic. acetosa, Hord. Ci­chor. Spir. Sal. vitriol. Cremor. Tar­tar. Tartar. vitriolat. Syr. de acetos. citri. with some specificks, as Cen­taur. minor, Morsus diabol. &c. Such used in continual Fevers will serve, the matter wherof is to be changed, as there is mixture of phlegme and melancholy with choler. A cooling cleansing Julep may be this, ℞. rad. gram. cichor. & aspar. an. ℥ j. fol. endiv. cichor. agrimon. acetos. an. M, i. absinth. vulg▪ & Centaur. minor. an. M, s. coq. in aq ad lb. j. in colat. dissol. Syr. lim. ℥ iij. f. julep. pro tribus dosibus matuti­nis. [Page 93] 5. Purge (as before) upon the intermitting day, in the morning; if the intermission happen in those hours, else take the middle time, be­twixt the two fits, whether it be day, or night, so that it be so long after, as the aliment taken may be con­cocted. In a double tertian this is hard to be observed, because there's oft but three, or four hours betwixt two fits; yea, sometimes the fits are so long, that one begins before the the other ends, and this is named Subintrans. It is to be given in the end of the fit, at such a distance from the following fit, as that it may have fully wrought before the following fit invade, but in Subintrantes, it ought to be given in the beginning of the declination, when it begins a little to remit. In both cases three hours after the purge given, exhibit some broth; yet so that there re­maine other three houres after the taking of the broth before the next fit invade, so that the medicament must be given six hours before next fit; this is to be observed, that af­ter [Page 94] preparing the matter for some dayes, purging is to be used; and if the Fever continue long by reason of crasse humours fomenting obstru­ctions, then prepare again, and after purge. Some use gutta gom. Merc. d. cum Scam. which hath oft eradica­ted, not onely true, but bastard Fe­vers, as also aq. bened ℥ j. cum infus. Sen. ℥ s. these are to be used in strong bodies. In those most perti­nacious customary purgings are to be used by Apozemes, which are to be framed of the matter of the Ju­leps, adding Sen. Rhe. Agaric. Syr. ros. de cichor. compos. &c. These may be used also after the end of a Ter­tian (if a flux of the belly be not present) before the giving of the A­poz. If there be stretching in the Hypochondries, use an emollient, at­tenuating, and strengthening fo­mentation; as ℞ radalthaeae, grami. asparag. an. ℥ j. rad. enul. camp. & cortic. median. Tamaris. an. ℥ s. fol. malu. viol. Agrim. capil. Veneris, & absinth. an. Mi. Sem. Lini, & foenugr. an. ℥ j. flor. chamom. Melilot. ros. an. p. j. [Page 95] coq. in tribus aq. partibus, & una vini alb. sub finem addit. aceti ℥ ij. fo­veantur Hypocond. calidè manè & serò per biduum ante usum apozemat. post potum illinantur eaedem partes sequen­ti linim. ℞ ol. lilior. amygd. d. & Ta­maris. an. ℥ j. unguenti. alth. ℥ ij. cerae parùm, fiat liniment. If notwith­standing all this, it pertinaciously continue, and the face appears tu­mid and palish, and the feet swell in the evening, let the sick use those medicaments used in obstructions of the liver, amongst the rest the de­coction cichorii, & chamaedryos in broth is admirable; yet this is to be noted, sometimes long Tertians are fomented from a hot and a dry di­stemper of the liver, which continu­ally producing bilious humours fo­menteth new fits. Hence it's oft ob­served, that many endued with a dry and squalid habit of body, and al­together bilious, suffer a Tertian for three or four moneths, especially in a more hot time, though there be not abundance of humours. To these purgers very opening, and hot oft u­sed, [Page 96] are hurtful, therefore it's most proper to use cooling and moisten­ing diet, and broth endued with the same quality, and the superfluity of the humours are to be purged by de­grees with mollifying and cooling Glisters, and Cassia, Tamarinds, ca­thol. & Syr. ros. And here bathes of warme water are marvellous effica­cious to extinguish the hot and dry distemper impressed in the bowels; they are to be used on the intermit­ting day without much sweat. Some­times the longnesse of tertians is from a certaine ill diathesis of some of the bowels, especially the liver, or midriff, which cannot be cured, though purging be repeated, because that ill quality remaining in the bowels heapeth up daily new hu­mours, which cherish the fit & are to be removed with diureticks▪ sudori­ficks, and other resolvers; as absinth. centau. minus, card. bened. rad. Di­ctam. pimpinel. Torment. aliá (que) which are to be used for many dayes. 6. Sweating by sudorificks, as Sal absinthii, centaur. minus, card. bene­dictus [Page 97] C. C. praep. magisterium ma­tris perlarum, they are to be exhibited before, and at the end of the fits. Also Theriac. ʒ j. cum vin. alb. be­fore the fit an hour, thrice repeated. Nuc. jugland. cum Sacch. vel Mel. conditaeodem modo exhibeantur, where Theriac. cum vino is feared too hot; first, give it alone, and after drink aq. Plantag. cyath. it hath cured ma­ny. Yet this observe,☞ that these reme­dies are not to be given till after di­ligent purging. This I have pro­ved; ℞. aq Cichorii ℥ iij. sal. absinth. ʒ j. Spir. Sulph. gut. xij. or Spir. Sulph. given in vigore paroxysmi in aq. portulac it powerfully extinguish­eth the feverish heat, and if the hu­mour be thin, it expels it by sweat, ut novis paroxysmis materia non sup­petat, & ità interdum morbus radi­citus evellatur. Dos. ab. ℈ s. ad ℈ j. cum aq. portul. ℥ iv. or the same Spirit ℈ j. in aq. card. ben. ℥ iv. & Sal. ab­sinth. ʒ s. cap. aeger instante accessione. & postmodum pluribus vestibus te ga­tur. Some have used succ plantag. depur. ℥ iv. alone, or else mixed cum [Page 98] acet. ros. ℥s. & croci gr. iij. cap. tri­bus hor. ante accessionem, or decoct. chamomel. vel aq. distil. ejudem ℥ iv, an hour before the fit. Or ℞. aq. ros. plantag. aq. vitae, an coch. j. & ex­hib. before the fit. 7. Strengthen the liver and stomach inwardly: cum sal. absinth. in Spiritu nitri soluto, & rur­sus in crystallos coagulato ad ℈ j. vel ℞ troch [...]de rhabarb. de eupator, & de absinth. an. ʒ s. spec. diarrhod. Abbat. ℈ j. cum Syr. absinth. f. Mass. pil. de quâ capiat ʒ j. manè per triduum su­perbibendo jusculum ex cichorac. & capillaribus paratum; this strength­ens the liver, opens obstructions, and removes the dyscrasias of the bow­els. Or give for many dayes, troch. de absinth. vel de rhab. ℈ j. cum jus­cul. inquo Hord. rad. petroselin. cichor. & borag. bullierunt. Outwardly, ℞. cerat. sant. ʒij. succi cichorii, ℥ s. Succ absinth. ʒ ij aceti ros. parùm, with these anoint the Region of the liver morning and evening before meat. To the Re­gion of the stomack use this; Re­cipe ol. nardin. de absinth. & cydoni­cr. an. ℥ s, gall. mosch. ℈ j cerae alb. [Page 99] q. s. f. liniment. To the heart and liver are also to be applied cooling Epithemes, such as be described in a continual Fever, and to the liver and loines cooling unguents from the be­ginning, not forgetting those tem­perating the feverish heat, nor cool­ing and mollifying glisters, which are to be cast in, either in the end of the fit, or before the invasion, which is very profitable. 8. Apply To­picks, as Catapl. Mynsichti. p. 368. pulvis siligineus, cum virescent. salvia addit. albumine ovi, aut aceti pauxil­lo contusa, & carpis alligetur. Or Recipe. fol. plantag. & chelid. mai. an. Mi. telae aranear. Sem. urtic. fu­lig. camini, & sal. communis. an. ʒ j. aceti fortis. q. s. f. Catap. applican­dum earpis paulò ante accessionem, & 3. aut 4. iterandum. Tela aranear. & unguent. popul. expertum. Mouse­eare beaten with Salt and Vineger is good, corte x. interior ramor. nuc. in aceto maceratus carpis applicat. ex­cel. The strength of these are com­municated to the heart by notable Arteries which run to the wrist. For [Page 100] the stomach. ℞. fol. Hyssop. Tanaceti, minutum incisi an. p. 1. myrrh. ʒij. mac. nuc. mosch. Caryophyl. & ci­nam. an. ʒ s. Tereb. Venet. & succ. Tanaceti, an. ℥ 1. misc. omnia, & ex­tend. supra placentam rosaceam frix­am in sartagine cum vino generoso quae pauno lineo involuta applicentur cali­dè regioni ventriculi per horam ante accessionem. Vel ℞ absinth. & menthae virid. an. lb j. crustae panis assati & a­ceto rosar. infus. lb s. pulp. cydon. vel cydon. cum melle confect. ℥ ij. mastic. ℥ s. macis & nuc. mosch. an ʒ ij. omnia pistentur fortissimè cum ol. cydon. f. ca­tapl. quod calidè applicetur ante parox­ysmum; it provokes sweat, and re­moves the pain of the stomach. Or ℞ nuc. mosch. Caryophyl. & cinam. an. ʒ iij. myrrh. & zz. an ʒ ij. f. pul. qui excipiatur pice liquidâ, & fiat empl. ad­movendum regioni stomachi. ℞ santal. alb. & rub. an. ʒ j. farin. hord. ʒ ij. aloes ℥ s. flor. viol. & ros. siccar. an. ʒ j. cum succ. absinth. & aceto, f. catap. appli­candum regioni hepatis horâ unâ ante accessionem. Some to the wrist ap­ply vesicatories, but they are unsafe. [Page 101] Febr. Tertian. Perniciosa invades from seven causes; First, if errour be committed by the sick and Physi­cian. Secondly, if the humour sent out of the vessels, ob occlusionem illo­rum in primarium membrū incumbat. Thirdly, if it be too thin and putrid; for hence there is frequent fainting without much sweating. Fourthly, if it have a peculiar pravity, either from its ustion, or aliment; from the inflamed humours ariseth vehement thirst, and roughnesse of the tongue, with hollownes of the eyes; from the resolution of the spirit, urine fiery, with bilious dejections of the belly, painful ulcers of the whole body, little sweat, because of the matters thicknesse. Fifthly, if thick humours from heat cast into any part, remain there; hence follows unequal burn­ing, the urine is watery with much & thick sediment; the pulse somtime in­tercepts, in the declination they sweat from the navill to the head: neither the increase, state nor declination is equal. Sixthly, if it draw maligni­tie, contagiousnesse, &c. Seventhly, [Page 102] if the heat either draw the womb into consent, and move the humours conteined in it, or stirre up a dange­rous catarrh, asthma, or gout.

CHAP. IV. De Quotidianâ Intermittente.

IT ariseth from putrified phlegme in the Mesaraick veines invading every day, and in this last it's like a double Tertian, and a treble Quar­tan, which are distinguished by their proper Signes. This Fever seldome invades, for of 600 of fits of Fevers that afflict every day, scarce one labours of a Quotidian. Signes Signes. are according to the differences, and differences according to the causes. In general they invade oftest in the day, sometimes in the night; Ʋrin in the beginning, white, thin, and crude; when the matter is concoct­ed, thick, filthy, and oft red. Pulse is very small and slow, heat is gentle, and very little, cum praecordiorum dif­flatione, & intumescentia. The fit lasts eighteen houres, sometime [Page 103] to twenty foure, and appears conti­nual; it begins only with cold and gentle horrour, vomit, and sweat. If the phlegme be thick by which it's caused, the urine is white and thin, but a little after it begins to be red, and the hypostasis thicker; the mouth is continually moist: if from thin acid phlegme, then there is pre­sent paine of the forehead, and left Hypochondria, obstruction of the bel­ly, acide belchings. If from thin salt phlegme, then there is saltness and driness perceived in the tongue. Urine red and thick, coming forth with sense of heat and sharpness. Causes Causes. (besides what are in the dif­ferences) is phlegme putrify­ing in primis viis, gathered from the small heat of the bowels, and the cold and moist nature of the a­liments. Also idle life, age, old, and children. Progn. Progn. This Fever oft continues long, from the contuma­cy and thicknesse of the diseased matter, id est, to fourty dayes, some­times to three or foure moneths, which greatly hurts the stomach and [Page 104] liver, and so casts the sick into a Ca­chexia, Dropsie, Lethargie, and o­ther grievous effects. If there ap­pear concoction in the urine, or na­ture evacuate by vomit or sweat, it will be shorter, if it be by day, it's more dangerous, i. e. begins in the day and intermits in the night, be­cause they have longer fits, which oft procure a tabes. Beside, meat is to be exhibited in the night, which is very unseasonable, and oft pro­cures watching, whilest there should be sleep, which weakens and subverts the whole frame of nature. Cure. Cure. 1. Prepare the offending matter by convenient medicaments, moderate­ly hot, such as are set down in Ter­tian. nothâ, yet so, that amongst the preparers of the humours, and open­ers of obstructions, those are to be chosen which more forcibly attenu­ate and incide. 2. The same con­cocted, evacuate by vomit, ubi ex­tract. esulae, & aq. ex radicibus Ra­phani, & nuc. jugland. viridibus cum aceto distillato laudantur. By purging with phlegmagogues, by sweat with [Page 105] sudorificks. 3. Strengthen the sto­mack and liver, especially the first, being oft grievously afflicted, with the catapl. de menth, &c. In the for­mer chapter observe, if the phlegme be very thick,☞ stronger Preparers are to be used, often repeated, to which there ought to be added Tartar. To vomit, use either pil. mercurialis vel Panacea aurea Horstii. Purge cum infus. diacartham. & fol. sennae cum zz. in aq. Centaur. minoris, add. aliquot spir. vitriol. guttis; singulis septimanis semel ʒ j. Ther. And rom. exhiberi potest. 4. If the phlegme be thin, hasten the cure, lest it passe to a quartane. Cut the liver-vein on the left arme, and before the fit exhi­bit some specifick. If it be thin, and salt, open the said veine on the right arme. To conclude, the two follow­ing medicines have cured many of contumacious phlegmatick fevers. ℞ flor. cham. p iij. comar. absinth. pon­tic. p. ij. coq. in lb iij. aq. ad mediae partis consumpt. colat. add. sacch. alb. ℥ iiij. cap. manè ℥ v. vel vi. singul. di­ebus. The other is the decoct of Chi­na, [Page 106] and Guaiac. exhibited twenty five dayes, although this be feared; and because they heat and dry too much, yet are they commended, and may more safely be used in cold and moist regions then in hot, unlesse the bodies be very phlegmatick and cachectick. In long Fevers quotidian and quartan. Succ. rad faenicul. ℥ iiij. cum sacc. given for ten mornings to­gether, being in bed well covered, is excellent.

CHAP. V. De Quartana Intermittente.

IT is a Fever arising from melan­cholick humours, putrifying in the mesaraick veines, afflicting every 4th day. Signes As there are various diffe­rences arising from several causes, so the signes vary also, which are as fol­loweth; Retching, yawning, and hea­vinesse of the whole body, cold fol­lowing, which in the beginning is little, in the progresse, like those [Page 107] who are very cold in winter-time not so pricking, as breaking; the heat because of the thicknesse of the mat­ter, burnes little; the sick hath two well-dayes betwixt his fits. Hence it falling again on the third day, the ignorant call it a Tertian. The pulse is rare and slow, but in the vigour of the fit, quick and frequent. Urine in the beginning thin, and watery, after, more coloured and thick. Sweat at first very little, but after in abundance. The bones are as if they were broken, whence the pain perceived in quartanes is called, [...]. The signes of the spurious are dejection of the appetite, vehe­ment thirst, paine of the head, red­nesse of the urine, and as follow in other Fevers, if it be dangerous, then there is great weaknesse on the fit-day, the urine is very red and troubled. Cause Causes. of the true is a me­lancholick humour putrifying, & ga­thered in the mesaraick veines, and neighbouring parts, from the like causes, amongst the which is vine­ger. The spurious is either from cho­ler [Page 108] adust, or melancholy, mixt with a portion of bile: some are of them­selves without any other disease preceding, others follow some dis­eases: Those that are dangerous a­rise from burning diseases generated of atrâ bile, from the adustion of the melancholick humour, or yellow bile converted into ashes. Prog. Progn. It's of long continuance, and some­times lasts a yeare, especially if it begin in the Autumne, yet more hard, if from atrâ bile. If it fall out in old, the weaknesse of the heat be­ing not able to conquer the matter, If it be double, i. e. when two fits fall out by two continual dayes, and the third day escapes, if it be joyned with a grievous affect of any of the bowels; more easie if it be legiti­mate, and the bowels not affected, if in summer, if black urine appear; all the signes of concoction are spe­cially to be eyed. It's deadly if it change to a quotidian, quia fit mu­tatio illius febris quae for [...]s movetur, in eam quae intrà; a quartane follow­ing an epilepsie cures it. A dysente­ry, [Page 109] (if short) is safe, otherwise dead­ly, bleeding at nose, coming upon a quartane pessima est, because the hu­mour causing a quartane, being thick cannot be evacuated at the nose. Therefore such evacuations during long, cause a dropsie, there­fore it's presently to be prevented by opening the basilica, by which the putrid blood is drawn out, and the pure hindred from flowing at the nose. Cure Cure. is to begin with more gentle means, after with more strong: first, open either the median. vel basilica, presently in the beginning (the first wayes being evacua­ted) if plethora be present, not pre­sently, if it be absent; in more abun­dance, if the blood come forth black and thick; but if it be thin, presently stay it. To evacuate the first wayes, use these. ℞ rad. buglos. ℥ ij. herb. 4. emol. mercurial. betae, an. Mi. prunor. dulc. par. 5. 4. semi. frig. major. & anisi, an. ʒ ij. epithy. ʒ iij. coq. ad lb j s. in colat. dissol. catholici ℥ j. ol. viol. & cham. an. ℥ js. sacch. rub. ℥ j. f. clyst. injiciendus pridiè sequen­tis [Page 110] potionis horá commodâ. ℞. sen. mund. ℥ s. scm. anisi ʒ j. flor. borag. & fumar. an. Mi. liquir. ʒ iij. coq. ad ℥ iij. in colat. dissol. mannae & syr. ros. an. ℥ j. f. pot. In the beginning purge gent­ly, lest it turne to a double or treble quartane, or a continual should be caused: the dayes free from fits are best, both to purge and bleed in; yet sometimes blood may be drawn on the same day, five or six houres before the fit, because the humour beginning to move, rhey are more easily drawn forth. Zacutus thinks it most profitable to be done in the full of the Moon, for then by the force of it the terrene humour is boyled and made more fluid, and so more fit to be drawn. By this he eased many, and prevented other dangerous diseases. It's dangerous to reiterate bleeding, for thereby the body is cooled, and the disease made more contumacious, yet if the Hemorrhoids be not open, which is very profitable, leeches may be ap­plied, and those excellently draw a­way the next cause of the disease, [Page 111] heaped up in the meseraicks, espe­cially if the matter tend thither, which is known by the itching of the fundament; and in those in which the hemorrhoids never flow. Malleoli vena post brachii phleboto­miam utiliter aperitur; whence oft the Fever ceaseth, or ends the sooner, especially in women whose courses are stopped, or flow more sparing­ly. The opening of the left hand salvatella by Zacutus is esteemed ad­mirable, but especially ad Quart. contumacem saphenae sec. in pede mirabilis. Some do it in the con­junction, others in the decrease of the Moon, two houres before the fit, for three fits following. 2. The offending matter is to be concocted and prepared by iteration, with sple­netick humecters, as are fumaria, ca­pill. Veneris, Ceterach. rad. eringii, decoct. raporum, syr. de pom. redolen­tibus, &c. Or, ℞. asparag. brusci, cichorii, buglos. macerat. in vino alb. an. ℥ j. cortic. tamarisc. ℥. s. fol. borrag, buglos. ceterach. capill. Vene­ris, fumariae, chamaed. chamaepit. an. [Page 112] M. j. liquirit. ℥ j. flor. trium cordial. an. p. 1. coq. ad lb j. s. in colat. dissol. syr. Byzant. capil. Veneris an. ℥. ij. f. Ju­lep. pro iiij. dosibus matutinis, quae eti­am ulteriùs continuandae sunt ad mul­tos dies. For the contumacy of the matter needs long preparing. If the sick be more dainty, broths may be prepared of part of the foresaid simples, chosing those more grate­ful, to which profitably may be ad­ded, as also to Juleps. crcm. tart. In the time of preparing, purgings are to intervene every third or fourth day, giving some cathartick, with this caution, that so long as the matter is very crude the more gentle are to be used; but concoction in­creasing, a little more strong. The matter of the purgers are to be no­ted, that they need not be enume­rated. Sometimes it's profitable to prescribe an Apoz. both preparing, and purging for foure or five doses, which may be composed of the mat­ter of the foresaid Julep, with addi­tion of purges, by which a good part of the diseased matter may be [Page 113] drawn forth. If the crassenesse and oppugnancy of the humour, with a cold distemper of the bowels ad­joyning, threaten length of the dis­ease and dropsie, then more power­ful movers are to be used, as ℞. rad. 5. a periti. in vino alb. maceratarum an. ℥. j. rad. enul. camp. gentian. a­ristoloch. & asari. an. ℥. s. fol. chamae­drys. agrimon. lupul. borag. ceterach, absinth. & centau. minor. an. M. j li­quir. ras. & passul. mund. an. ℥. j. senn. mund. ℥ js. Epithy. ℥ j. Agar, troch. rec. ʒ iij. zz. & caryophyl. an. ʒ j. coq. ad ʒ j. in colat. dissol. syr. de cichorie compos. cum rheo. ℥ v. Troch. de capparibus. sal. absinth. & tama­risci, an. ʒ j. f. Apoz. pro 5. dos. matu­tinis. This disease obstinately per­severing, it's necessary a vicissitude of preparing, and purging should be used to remove the cause thereof. Ʋnica enim ferè haec causa est, cur multi quartanarii incurati maneant. Many through impatience, more through niggardlinesse, seeing a few medicaments remove not the dis­ease, are ready to cast off all, but [Page 114] these are requited with the disad­vantage. Usual purgings are to be used, and oft reiterated, as magi­stral syrups, or pil. usuales. A magistral syr. may be composed of the matter of the Apozema, with a treble quan­tity of purgers. For pills usually used in the obstruction of the liver, as ℞. aloes optim. succ. absinth. dili­gent. nutrit. ℥. s. Turbith. gum. ʒ. ij. diacryd. ʒ j. gum. Amoniac. in aceto soluti & trajecti ʒ ij. Mrrrh. electae in vino calente solut. & trajectae. ʒ ij. a­garic. troch. rec. ʒ j. Sal. absinth. & Tamaris. an. ʒ ij. croci. ℈s. cum oxymel. s. fiat. Mass. pil. de qua capiat. ʒ. s. vel ℈ ij. bis in septimana. If the sick be of a more hot temper, use pil. Ri­verii in melancholia hypochondria. ad­ding to the dose of spec. ℈. s. and sal. absinth. & Tamaris. an. ʒ. s. putting in stead of troch. de lac­ca extract. croci ℈ j. and use them as before. Here also pil. tartarea Quercet. at the first is good, After extract. helleb. nigr. Then pil. de sagapeno. This is familiar, easily prepared, and very profitable. ℞. [Page 115] decocti ab sinth. ℥ iij. in quibus senn. ʒ ij. infus. fuerint, sumendo per intervalla. These purging medicaments are to be given the day before the fit, be­cause the sick then is more strong, though some contend to have them given before the fit foure houres, because by the fit the matter is stir­red, and rendered more easie to be expelled: this is dangerous unlesse in very strong bodies, and conco­ction appear, because the motion of the fit, and purging are contrary. 2. Vomit in the beginning of the fit is commended, because nature at that time is more disposed to that evacuation, and this may be repeat­ed, remembring before the next fit following there be exhibited The­riac. Androm, ʒ j. in vino resoluta. You have the matter of the vomits in a ter­tian, yet in this asari ʒ j. in powder ex­hibited. in vin alb. is to take the first place, this may be three or foure times repeated. In the time of pur­ging, between, glisters are frequently to be cast in, that nature may be accustomed to expel the hurt­ful [Page 116] humours, and that some of the diseased matter contained in the in­testines may be drawn out by de­grees. If the disease be long and ob­stinate, abstain from remedies for a moneth or thereabout, that nature may recollect it self, and in­deavour the concoction of the hu­mour, but after return again to pre­pare and purging,☞ observing that in long diseases the same forme of remedies are not alwayes to be used, lest nature be thereto accustomed, & the sick grow weary of them. Various formes of purgers are formerly men­tioned; for openers, besides the fore­said Juleps and Apoz. the following may be used in the progresse of the disease, when signes of concoction begin to appear. ℞. vin. alb. lb iij. rad. enule. camp. ℥ ij. cortic. rad. cap­par. ℥. s. summit, absinth. vulg. sicc. ℥ j. infund. per triduum in B. M. serventur omnia simul, ut hujus vini cap. aeger. ℥ ij. vel iij, singul. diebus manè horis duabus ante pastum. The following pills, either of themselves, or together with the foresaid wine [Page 117] may be used. ℞. rad. Gentian. ʒ ij. Aristoloch. rotund. ʒ j. Artemis. ʒ j. bryoniae sicc. ʒ iij. myrrh. & croci, an. ʒ j. rad. asari ʒ ij. aloes ℥ j. cum oxy­mel. scill. f. Mas. pil. de qua cap. ʒ j. singulis diebus per se, vel paulò ante as­sumptionem vini praedicti. To these sppills may be added chalybs pp. and then the sick after the taking of them is to walk. Steel is very profitable, for it dissolves obstru­ctions, and casts out the humours which foment the fits. If you would open and strengthen together, use this. ℞. conser. rad. enul. camp. con­ser. flor. absinth. & capil. Veneris, an. ℥ j. cortic. citri condit. ℥ s. confect. Al­ker. ʒ iij. Myrobal. condit. Nii, spec. di­arrhod. Abbat. ʒ ij. sal. absinth. Ta­marisc. an. ʒ j. croci ℈ ij. cum syr. condit citri fiat opiat. de qua capiat. magnitud. castaneae sing. diebus manè duabus hor. ante pr [...]ndium: or if in the morning the sick take other reme­dies, it may be taken two houres be­fore supper. Extract. chamaedryos cum sale Tamarisci permixtum in form. pilularum is excellent. To [Page 118] these are added diaphoreticks, which in the declining of the dis­ease, serve excellently to discusse the rest of the diseased matter, signes of concoction appearing. Besides they correct the distemper contract­ed by long diseases, mend the ill habit of the body, and strengthen the stomach, liver, and other bow­els weakened by the length of the disease. Of these Theriac. hath the precedency, exhibited either as before. or in decoct. chamaedryos (if that be too hot) cum decoct. Agrimon. succ. vel aq. plantag. It's to be reiterated for many fits: It may also be given out of the fit in a morning for divers dayes, but a little before is better for it hinders the increase of the cold, and profitably discusseth the humours, which are the cause of the Fever beginning now to be warme: and by this either the fit is lessened, or if the matter be but small,☞ altogether removed. Yet that is to be done with very great cau­tion, lest the Theriac. or other hot medicaments being exhihited before [Page 119] the matter is concocted; for so they scatter the putrid humours, and in­crease the Fever, so that oft of a simple Quartane, a double, or treble, yea a continual is generated. There­fore give them not before signes of concoction appear. Antimon. dia­phoretic. sal. Armeniac. de purati. gr. vi. vel x. in aq, Cichorii ante paroxysmum, is good. Others commend china & sarsap. of which they make a first and second decoction, exhibiting of them for twenty dayes, and there­by cure contumacious Fevers. These will be the more efficacious, if with them be mixed some purgers. Be­side these are appropriate medica­ments to be given towards the decli­nation, as ℞. fol. plantag. rec. M. 1. a­cetos. rec. Ms. aceti, & Theriac. an. quartar. ji. distillentur, & hujus aq cap. aeger. ℥ iij. dimidiâ horâ ante pa­roxysmum. Or ℞. sacc. candi. ʒ iij zz ʒ ij. camph. ʒ j. f. pul. detur. ʒ j. cum aq. calida. Saffron in powder to ℈ s given in white wine before the fit, doth much diminish the Quartane, also the seeds of wilde rue given be­fore [Page 120] the sit with white wine cures. The following Troch. exhibited, (though in winter) have cured ma­ny ℞. sem. rutae, Petroselini, myrrh. & Theriac. rec. an. ʒ j. opii ℈ s. f. tr. parv. dabis unum cum aq. ante Paroxys­mum. Also Amoniacum septies sub­limalum, pulvis serpentum in conve­nienti vehiculo pondere. ℈. j. vel ℈. js. ante paroxysmum datus, cor leporis, ut pulmon vulpis, praeparatum. ol myrr. ab gut. 4. ad 8. ante paroxysmum. Narcoticks have an excellent quality to stay the fits, but before they be exhibited, the greater part of the morbifick matter must be evacuated, and obstructions much diminish­ed, otherwayes they may be hurt­ful by retaining the vicious humours in the body, and so generate more obstructions, and other diseases; yet given as in the former Troch. mix­ed with some openers, and inciders, they are the lesse hurtful. To stay the fit, it's profitable to give gentle purgers an houre before it invades. These revel the humour rather by solliciting nature then purging, as [Page 121] ℞. Senn. mund. polyp. q. Thymi, Epi­thy. an. ʒ j. flor. borrag. p. j. f. Decoct. ad ℥ iij. cap. una hora ante paroxys­mum: or ℞. Senn. ʒ iij. Turb. ʒ j. Cy­nam. ʒ s. croci, & zz. an. ℈ s. Sacc. ad pond. omnium, f. pul. dividendus in tres partes, cap. unam ante paroxis­mum cum vino albo, vel pil. sagapeni Camilli. One of them given in the be­ginning of the fit, and continued for some dayes, and a little after anoint­ing the back with a liniment made ex Theriac. aq. vit & ol. laur. vel de spica; and two or three hours after the taking of the pils, give broth prepared cum rad borrag. bu­glos. Thymi, & pom. curtipend. The anointing of the spine is profitable for easing the rigor of the fit, and therefore oft to be used, although the foresaid pils be not given; they may also be composed ex ol. Anethi, chamom. irino, costino, rutaceo, de pipe­ribus, aliís (que) calidioribus, cum aq vitae, Theriac. Caryopbyl. castoreo, Sinapi, piper. aliísque permixtis. These oint­ments will work more efficaciously, if with them the Spine be anointed [Page 122] before the fit before the fire, and then put the sick in a hot bed, laying hot bricks besprinkled with sack, and lapped up in linnen, and applied to the soals of the feet and palmes of the hands. Whilest the former re­medies are using, special care is to be had of the Spleene, because that part in this disease is perpetually affected, and therefore such fomentations, lini­ments, and emplasters as are used in obstructions of that part, are dayly to be used; yea, and sometimes baths of hot water conduce, especial­ly after many evacuations, not onely to ease the Spleen, but also to hu­mect the whole body, and help the concoction of the diseased matter; they are to be used in the intermit­ting dayes, onely warme, for other­wayes the humours being hastened into the several parts would produce more dangerous Symptomes. These medicaments used to the wrists, are not to be rejected; as ℞. fol. Sam­buci, Salviae, ped. columbin. rute, an. M. s calthae tertiam partem, Sal. & Vini parùm, omnia si nul trita carpis [Page 123] admoveantur ante accessionem. Or rad. urtic. contusa & aceto macerata bra­chiorum, & pedum Arteriis appli­centur. Some have cured it by the ap­plication of Crowfoot to the wrists. For Spurious Quartanes are to be cu­red almost with the same remedies provided for a Tertian, adding in the decoction of the juleps and A­poz. those things which peculiarly respect the atrabilious humour. As also those more temperate set downe in the legitimate Tertian, as in the beginning, adding borago buglos. fumar. lupul, acetos. cichorii, ceterach. Scolopendria, agrimon. poma redol. The decoctions of these, their distil­led waters, and sometimes their juice, if purified, may be added to the Ju­lep, Apoz. or Magistral. Syr. In the progresse to the former may be ad­ded cortic. rad. cappar. med. Tama­ris enul. camp. polypod. q. absi [...]thi. Whilest the sick are using these pre­paratives, purgers are oft to be cast in, on the day ante paroxysmum, and reiterated twice a week, which may be put in various formes. For the [Page 124] dainty loosing ptisans may be used cum Syr. de pom. Saporis, or chick­en-broth altered cum borrag. buglos. pimpinella; add. Senn. ʒiij. vel ℥ s. Bleeding plentifully at the begin­ning is to be used, if strength, tempe­rament, and age, &c. concurre. The disease continuing, vomiting is to be permitted, and reiterated as before, The Hypochond. are to be fomented; as ℞. rad. althaeae, lilior. Enul. camp. cortic. rad. cappar. & Median. Tama­risc. an. ℥ j. fol. Malu. Althae. parie­tar. borag. buglos. pimpinellae, absinth. an M. j. Sem. lini. & petrosel. an. ℥ s. flor. chamom anethi, Melilot. an. p. j. fiat decoctio in tribus partibus aq. & una vin. alb. Sub finem additis, qua foveantur Hypochondria bis die longè à pastu. ℞. unguent. dialth. ℥ j s. ol. li­lior. chamom. rosar. absinth. an. ℥ s. f. liniment. applicandum post fotum, or oile alone applied cum lana succida. These correct the ill quality of the bowels, subdue the new matter of the fits, and greatly mollifie and attenu­ate the impacted humour. Lastly, baths of warme water are excellent, [Page 125] either ex aq. dulci, or wherein are boyled emollients and humecters, or onely Hord. & Amygd. These oft make a full conquest, by correcting the distemper of the bowels, tempe­rating the heat and drinesse of Atrabile, mollifying the hard, opening and loosing the wayes, and concocting the crude humours, these are to be used as before with the said cauti­ons, and their operation will be much furthered, if in the entering into the bath medicaments preparing and opening obstructions be given. Amongst which the decoction o [...] Wormwood, and Elicampane hath the precedency, being most commodious to prepare all contumacious humours, if the great heat of the bowels do not forbid it: in which case others more temperate may be mixed. And whilest these are u­sing, gentle purgings are to be reite­rated as before. In the real declina­tion signes of concoction appear­ing, fly to specificks above prescri­bed. In the whole course of the dis­ease, the brest is to be respected, lest [Page 126] they fall into a Consumption, for the offending humour hath an ero­ding quality. Diet: Diet. Aliments are to be such as afford good juice, are of easie concoction, of thin substance, and moderately heating, and moist­ening, as the flesh of young Animals, and mountain-birds, new, and reare egges, river-fish. In the state and de­clination admit of salt fish, capers, olives, yea pepper and mustard. Of herbs is commended borrage, bugloss, pimpinel, spinage, the roots of fen­nel, and parsley, and above the rest, turneps, which are first to be boiled in water, and after in fat broth, which is most profitable for a quar­tane; a decoction whereof mixed with butter and sugar, hath cured many. Of fruits, apples stewed; prunes, raisins, figs, almonds, dates, pine-nuts; and to season meats, use cynamon, nutmegs, and saffron. Ab­staine from all things that may fer­ment the melancholy humour, as a­liments that are thick and tough, and are hard to be concocted, as pork, venison, hare, &c. The Drink is to [Page 127] be pure white-wine, or claret, vel decoct. sarsapar. vel aq Hord. chalyb. The quantity of the aliment is to be but little, that so strength may be preserved; for too much generates a­bundance of crudities, and so length­ens the disease. Be very sparing in drinking; for nothing renders the Fe­ver so contumacious, as too abundant drinking; for it fills and distends the Spleene. In the day of the fit eate not at all, unlesse it be sixe hours be­fore the fit; long sleep humects, and therefore profitable, yet shun it in the beginning of the fit. Gentle ex­ercise before meat in the intermitting dayes is good, or instead thereof rubbings; the belly being first freed from excrements. Those called pe­riculosae, are most hardly cured. Al­lum the quantity of half an egge, with half a nutmeg, and some sugar made into a powder, and given in some posset-drink at the beginning of the fit, hath cured many, when many more valued medicaments have been succeslesse.

CHAP. VI. De Febribus com ositis, & Semitertiana.

COmpound Fevers are, when Fe­vers are joyned with Fevers. They are joyned variously; for some­times a non-putrid, as a Hectick, is joyned with a putrid. Sometimes a putrid with a putrid; and these either a continual with a continual, which is scarce observed; or an intermit­ting with an intermitting, vel vice versa. Intermittings with continu­als have a double manner of compli­cating: an intermitting tertian with a continual quotidian, or a quotidian intermitting with a continual Terti­an: and these are called Semitertianae, though the first more properly. These may be divided variously: Some are confusae, when two Fevers begin, and end at the same time, so as they are scarcely discernable, which is from various humours putrified, and con­fused in one place: or implicitae, when they may be severally known: others Subintrantes, when another fit be­gins [Page 129] before one ends, other Co­alternae, when one fit ending, ano­ther begins shortly after: other Com­municantes, when the sit of one be­gins presently after the other fit. Some are intermittentes, under which are conteined, first a Tertian as dou­ble; which is either when it afflicts once every day, or twice in one day: and it ariseth from bile putrifying in two places in the mesaraick veines. So treble, which afflicts thrice in the space of two dayes, viz. once in one day, and twice in the other; and ari­seth from bile putrifying in three places. Secondly, Quotidiana du­plex, which afflicts the sick twice e­very twenty four hours space. Third­ly, Quartana double, which leaves one day free, but the next two mo­lests. So treble, in which the sick are afflicted every day, Fourthly, some are Continuae, such are Semitertians: this is a Fever composed, as hath been said, of a continual Quotidi­an, and an intermitting Tertian, afflicting continually, but every o­ther day cum rigore. It also ariseth [Page 130] from the same causes, yet very fre­quently from the inflammation of some of the bowels. It's known by the signes of both Fevers. They are caused from yellow choler with­out, and phlegme within the vessels putrifying, and is named Horrifica, because it doth not onely cause sha­king at the beginning of the fit, but also through the whole course of the disease, especially in the beginning and the increase, with the two fits joyned together in one, viz. the Tertian, and Quotidian, with many reduplications, which are no o­ther then unequal shakings & moti­ons in the same fit, returning by cer­tain intervals from a mutual combate of the two Fevers, in which if phlegme abounds, there followes horror and coldnesse of the extreme parts, but afterward the bile overcoming, the body is hot, and the Fever seemes to tend ad vigorem. Again, when the victorie returnes to the phlegme, there is coldnesse and horror, and so the combate is accustomed to en­dure, untill the Fever comes ad vigo­rem. [Page 131] Hence it is that shakings ap­pear onely every other day viz when the fits of the Tertian are strong, and joyned with the Quotidian; but when the Quotidian onely bears the sway, there is wont to be no horror. Yet this is to be noted, certain ma­ligne Fevers are to be found which are without mixture of a Tertian, and Quotidian, and so without any concourse of bile, and phlegme, that are Horridae. And in them the sha­kings happen from sharp and ma­ligne vapours, which are elevated from the corrupt matter of maligne Fevers biting and gnawing the sen­sible parts. But that is properly cal­led a Semitertian, either exquisite, when putrified phlegme, and bile a­bound equally, or spurious, when ei­ther choler exceeds phlegme, or when phlegme exceeds choler. In the first the Symptomes of the Terti­an are greater, in the latter, the Sym­ptomes of the latter. So if bile ex­ubera [...]e, then the whole Fever is more shaking, and sometimes with it is associated rigor also; its more hot, [Page 132] and bile is cast out by vomit, stoole, or sweat; but if phlegme prevailes, extreme cold occupies the extreme parts, and little shaking is present, the fits grow out slower, and oft en­dure a long time, yet not with thirst, or suffering great burning. These Fevers are known by what hath been spoken; the Pulse is often, and unequal, and the Urin crude, thin, and ill-coloured, and sometimes filthy, with ill, or no sediment. These Fevers are dangerous, and in them the stomach, Progn. and nervous parts are much afflicted, and drynesse of tongue, thirst, alienation of the minde, watching doth follow. It may in reference to the choler be e­steemed an acute disease, but in re­spect of the phlegme a chronical. Sometimes it's prolonged from a moneth to seven. The Cure Cure. there­of is to be taken from those medi­caments which are necessary to op­pose a Tertian, and Quotidian; and when it's continual, follow the method propounded in all putrid continual Fevers; so that if choler [Page 133] have predominancy, then those things which respect it are to be more used; but if phlegme, then those things which do more prepare, and purge it; where Agaric may bear the laurel. And lastly, where both bile, and phlegme abound e­qually, a like proportion of both remedies are to be mixed.

CAP. I. De Febre Pestilenti.

THese Fevers are called pestilent, which are infested not onely with a meere distemper, or putrid heat, but also with a maligre and ve­nomous quality; they are contagi­ous, drawn in by accompanying the sick, as well as from common causes, to wit, the aire, or vicious aliment. Sometimes other diseases acquire this denomination from ill and cruel Symptomes, although a venomous quality (wherein the essence of a pe­stilent disease consists) be altogether absent: but where it s present, whether in a Diary, Hectick or putrid, it may be termed pestilential, though the two first be much controverted. This venomous quality ariseth from the corruption of the humours, which consists not in a simple temperament, or common putridnesse usually found in putrid Fevers; sed in totius naturae, insitaeque substantiae destructi­one, as wine whil'st it's turned into [Page 136] vappam, suffers all sorts of corrupti­on, but when it's changed into Vine­ger, it's thought simply to putrifie.

A pestilent Fever differs from the Plague, as species à genere; the lat­ter may be without a Fever, it being not alwayes necessary, that with the venomous quality should be joyned putridnesse, from which the Fever ariseth: the venomous quality may be produced in the humours by the intire corruption of their substance, and introducing a new forme on which depends that maligne quality, for as oft as a new forme is in­troduced, the former is corrupted, and though to their change an ill al­teration is necessary, yet not putrid­nesse; hence the humours suffering such a corruption may be without pu­trefaction, yet because the humours are more obnoxious to putrefaction, they seldome suffer corruption, but putridnesse intervenes: hence that plague is most rare which is without a Fever; besides, by an intense, pro­found and sordid putridnesse (as it's call'd) such a corruption is usually [Page 137] stirred up. So that many Fevers which were not from the beginning pestilential, may (by the ignorance or negligence of the Physician, diso­bedience of the sick, or fiercenesse of external causes ill handled, putrefa­ction being made more intense) end in pestilential.

Corruption may precede putrifacti­on; this plainly appeareth in those in­fected with the Plague by contagion, into whom the venomous quality is first communicated, and by that the humours are corrupted, putrefaction following; hence the plague first afflicting, sometimes in the first dayes is without a Fever; which after ap­pears, the putrefaction being kindled, as is evident in a part gangrenated, which is first corrupted, afterward putrifieth; therefore a pestilent Fever is caused, quando humores corrupti, & venenatam qualitatem adepti ad pu­tredinem deveniunt: and hence the heart is doubly afflicted, i. e. both with putrid heat, and a maligne qua­lity. This corruption of the humours being not alwayes uniforme, but [Page 138] sometimes more, otherwhiles lesse intense; it falls out that that veno­mous quality produced from it, ac­cording as its various degrees are more or lesse pernicious, and so the malignity of the Fever more or lesse, which hints that distinction of pesti­lential Fevers into that simply so cal­led the Plague, of which more die then live, and maligne, in which more escape then die. The differences of pestilent Fevers are taken either from the matter in which that venomous quality is produced, or the place in which the same matter is contained; as in putrids, the matter putrifying being blood, choler, &c. denomi­nates them Synochus, Tertian, Quart. &c. But by reason of the place wherein those humours putrified are contained, they are called continual, or intermitting, as the said humours are lodged within, or without the veines. So pestilent Fevers are cal­led Synochus, Tertian, &c. Some con­tinual, others intermitting, although it's supposed, that intermitting Fe­vers are without danger; which is to [Page 139] be understood of those that are not associated with any malignity; for it's oft observed, that intermitting Terti­ans are accompan [...]ed with such a height of malignity, that the sick are removed the third or fourth fit; o­thers that escape, are cast into great danger of life by reason of cruel sym­ptomes. Other differences are taken from intensenesse or remisnesse, viz, Some are more, others lesse intense or remisse, as they participate more, or lesse of the malignity. They are called more, or lesse Simple, as the matter is more or lesse putrid, tum calor praeternaturam ex ea emergens in­tensior aut remissior est: but more ma­ligne, and benigne according to the degrees of intensnesse of the veno­mous quality. Hence it happens that sometimes a pestilent Fever is from the greatest degree both of putrid­nesse, and venomous quality, and then it's most cruel, the latter much af­flicting the heart, and the first hurt­ing the rest of the faculties, produ­cing bitter Symptomes. Sometimes putridnesse is great, the venomous [Page 140] quality remisse, and then the Fever is more troublesome, the vital faculties lesse afflicted; contrary, sometimes the putridnesse is remisse, and the ill quality intense; then the Fever is re­misse with lesse Symptomes, but the strength is most cast down. Yea some­times putridnesse is so remisse, that there's almost none, and the maligne quality altogether intense, and then the Fever seemes little or none, ei­ther to the sick or standers by, though then it's altogether deadly; for the ill quality increasing, dejects the strength, and overchargeth the heart; and here also the Physician may be put to it, there being no pre­sent signes either of Crudity, or ill hu­mours, withall the pulse and heat of the body to touch being at first al­most natural; the like is wont to happen in the first difference, when there's a juncture of greatest malig­nity; for by fit remedies the putrefa­ction being overcome and signes of future safety appearing, yet some­times death followes, from the not correcting the maligne quality.

The last difference is taken from the adjuncts, and these are often most evident; for there's no cruel Symp­tomes, or any kinde of deadly disease which doth not accompany this Fever: the Symptomes are head-ach, delirium, sleepines, &c. of which here­after, these being also in common with other Fevers, the diseases are the Squinsey, Plurisie, &c.

The Signes Signes. are either such as threaten, or such as shew it present, or those that discover when dead; the first are taken from the dispositi­on of the body, the second from present Causes, and third from cer­tain middle dispositions. Those bodies disposed to a pestilential fever, are such as are loaded with ill juices, by reason of ill diet, and the preposterous use of the sixe non-natural, or are pletho­rick, or fill themselves inordinately or excessively; the passions of whose minde are extravagant, and use vene­ry too immoderately, especially the two last; the first drawing the spi­rits from their proper operations, the other debilitating the functions by [Page 142] which the humors are alienated, and certaine corruption followes; also hot and moist temperaments being subject to putrefaction, so the more dense and rare habits, the first want­ing free transpiration, the latter be­ing open to all injuries; the present Causes that foretell, may be warre, famine, unseasonable times. The middle dispositions that foretell, is, when the present dispositions of the body conjoyne with the above-said Signes, as sadnesse, deep fear, distur­bance in sle [...]p, voluntary lazinesse, thirst, watching, loathing; for all these shew the humours to be stray­ed from their natural temper, and to begin to corrupt, f [...]om which a pesti­lent Fever ariseth.

The Signes discovering at present, may be drawn from threefold Symp­tomes; for Symptomes are the ef­fects of diseases, and the disease can­not be well known without the eff [...]cts. Some are taken from the Actions hurt, others from excretions, and o­thers from the qualities changed, to which may be added those drawn [Page 143] from the effects coming upon it. To understand this a right, premise first, that Symptomes of the Plague and maligne Fevers are almost the same, onely the first are more cruell then the latter. Secondly, there's no absolute pathognomical signe to be given of these Fevers; for both buboes, and Carbunole may be wanting in the true Plague; and again, they may ap­pear without malignity; for the spots, they are sometimes absent in pestilent Fevers, yet present in those labouring of the suppressed courses, and in some children, from a light Ebullition of blood, though no Fever appear; yet of all Signes, these most certainly discover these Fevers. Thirdly ob­serve, all Signes propounded are not found in all sick▪ but onely part of them, which is sufficient; for accord­ing to the disposition of the body and intensenesse or remissenesse of the disease, now this Symptome, now that is wont to appear. Lastly note, although the Signes in a pestilent and a malign Fever may also be found in other Fevers, yet they may be as [Page 144] it were proper in this Fever. First, quia in hisce febribus peculiarem quan­dam conditionem prae se ferunt, which is not found in other Fevers; for head­ach, loathing, vomiting, measure of heat, while they happen in pestilen­tial Fevers, acquire a peculiar ma­ligne condition, which differs them from themselves, while they appeare in other Fevers. So that they may be discerned by a mean Artist. Se­condly, the Symptomes do not keep that proportion amongst themselves in these Fevers, which is found in o­ther Fevers; for although the heat be gentle to the touch, the Pulse not much changed, or little appearance of a Fever: yet there's excessive head-ach, watching, sometimes de­lirium, and other Symptomes, which follow and are oft joyned with burn­ing Fevers, all these considered for Signes, the Ʋrin is sometimes like those in healthful bodies, i. e. when humours offend more from maligne quality then putridnesse; it oft con­tinues thus in the first dayes, but af­ter is thick and troubled. Sometimes [Page 145] in the state it appears concoct; yet the sick hastens to death. Sometime it's thin and crude, having no sedi­ment, if any, it's not true. Yet very oft it's thick and filthy, of high co­lour, having a thick, red, confused, and troubled sediment; yea all disposi­tions of Ʋrin may happen in this disease, from the various alterations of the putrid and corrupt humours. The Pulse is as changeable as the Ʋrin, notwithstanding the heart is vehemently afflicted, from the ve­nomous quality, therefore the Pulse by occasion of it is variously altered, according to the variety of times and divers conditions of the disease; for in principio oft its almost natural and agreeing with a healthful Pulse; but in progressu & morbi augmento, it's oft small, weak, and unequal. Yea some­times it will be greater, being increas­ed by reason of heat; because the heart to repel such an assaultant, moves more then necessity requires for the ventilating the heat. Cardi­algia, or that vulgarly call'd heart­ach, discovers malignity, especially if [Page 146] sociated with distension of the prae­cordium, and head-ach. Thirst some­times is great, if the feverish heat be much, yet sometimes is wanting when it's remisse. Loathing and abhorring all sorts of Aliment, no lesse then the most ingrate medicaments, arising from maligne vapours afflicting the stomach. Vomiting being from the same cause, especially if in the begin­ning. Some vomit presently upon taking solid things, and retaine well liquid, others contrary: some in the casting up of either, with them vomit various humours: in the meane time thirst, drynesse, and blacknesse of the tongue increaseth. Shakings oft, and inordinate happening oft in a day, stirred up from sharp biting vapours, and such things as are alien to nature, delating the sensible parts, which sel­dome happens in other putrid fevers, because in them the halatus acquires not the like malignity. Its true in inter­mitting tertians endued with maligni­ty, sometimes Signes of malignity may be taken from cold, and shaking, it sometimes happening in the beginning [Page 147] of the fit, in which the flesh is as if fro­zen, & the face appears like one ready to die; the Pulse so little, it can scarce be perceived. After the heat follows, which neither in the increase or state is much to the touch, or perceived sharp: yea the flesh to the declinati­on perseveres indued either with a warme heat, or coldish. By reason of the increase of heat the Pulse may be bigger, but it will be small, weak, oft, and unequal; many other Sym­ptomes of a pestilent Fever will be joyned, all which confirmes that there's not onely continual, but in­termitting pestilent Fevers. Weariness of the whole body in the beginning, and pain joyned, as if the members would break, from vapors spread in the whole body. Head-ach, watching and deli­rium, all from the foresaid vapours, which if they invade the membranes, procure head-ach: if the braine it self heating and drying it; if gently, then watching; if more intense, then it produceth delirium. Other Symptomes might be added arising from this venomous quality, not found in com­mon [Page 148] fevers, unlesse the Fever be very great. In this Fever the paine is ve­ry peculiar, in that it's very various. sometimes possessing the Occiput, o­therwhiles the Sinciput; now the forehead, then the eye-browes; some­times the Scapula's, sides, back, and other parts of the body; sometimes it afflicts continually the same place; o­therwhiles changeth the place, and in all these cruelly afflicting. To some happen sleepy affects, as those whose braines are stuffed with pituitous ex­crements, which being liquified by hot vapours arising from the lower parts, hinder the functions of the braine. A bilious flux of the belly arising either of it self, or moved with a light cause, as gentle Glisters, or Purges, and after contumaciously perseveres, killing many. In these the excrements stink much, from great putrefaction possessing the humours. Abundance of wormes is used to be cast forth, especially in the beginning of the disease, generated from the notable putridnesse of the humours. Sweatings oft putting forth in prin­cipio, [Page 149] yet small, little, and unprofita­ble. Heat to touch, is so milde and gentle, that it scarce seemes to be a Fever, the Fever being caused more from maligne quality, then vulgar di­stemper or putridnesse. Rednesse of the eyes appears very often, the me­nynges of the braine being inflamed from the sharp vapours ascending, which are easily communicated to the adnata, having its original from them. Purple spots like flea-bitings peculiar to this Fever, arising in no other, caused from ill, venomous blood, joyned with a putrid quality of other humours. Sometimes, as hath beene said, they may appear in other dis­eases, but from a contrary cause, i. e. thin blood moved with heat, or the expulsive faculty, as in children, such as are troubled with fluxes of blood, the blood thereby being made more thin and aqueous: in those trou­bled with the spleene [...] jaundise, and long obstructions of the bowels, be­cause the weaknesse of the bowels produceth aqueous blood: also those inclining to a Cachexia, for in these [Page 150] the blood being made thinner, flowes out sometimes by the nose and other parts, other while passing through the capillaries, it's transmitted into the parts of the skin, where being re­tained, it loseth its proper colour, and appears either livid, black, or reddish, of which there are various differences, yet all differing much from those in a pestilent Fever, which are produced from putrid humours infected with an ill quality; these spots break forth sometimes critically, otherwhiles sym­ptomatically; critically, when putridness is vanquished either in part or in whole, and the ill quality corrected; nature transmitting the corrupt hu­mours from within outwards, and then there alwayes followes a de­crease of the disease. But Symptoma­tically, when nature being provoked before the quantity and ill quality of the morbifick matter be concocted and corrected, sends portion of the matter to the parts of the skin. Whence fol­lowes no ease to the sick, which hints, nature rather is conquered. The co­lour of these spots are various, disco­vering [Page 151] thereby the diversity of the humours. Red being from more pu­rer blood: Green, Crimson, Livid, from bilious blood more or lesse ad­ust. They appear sometimes greater, sometimes lesser: sometimes more, sometimes fewer; they begin to ap­pear sometimes the 4, 5, 7, or 10^th, or other judiciary dayes when the ex­cretion tends to good; sometimes in other dayes, and then they are lesse profitable, and not to be confided in; they appear sometimes in all the parts of the body, yet most oft in the loynes, breast, and neck. Affects com­ing presently with a pestilent Fever are exanthemata, pustles, ulcers of the mouth, carbuncles, buboes and parotides Exanthemata's differ from the spots, in that they raise the skin more or lesse, most like the graine of Milium, their colours are various; sometimes red, begot from blood; otherwhiles white, from phlegme or serosities; yel­low, from bile; purple, livid, black, from bile more or lesse burnt. Some­times they are Critical, otherwhile Symptomatical, and some betwixt [Page 152] both. Again, some are dry, others suppurated, and others ulcerate. To these may be referred pustles appear­ing in the mouth, which receive the same differences, and are sometimes so maligne, that the sick can scarce eate or drink. In very young they produce death, the oft degenerating into ulcers exceedingly trouble the sick, by hindering the motion of the tongue, especially swallowing. Some­times ulcers of the mouth call'd Ap­thae are generated without any pustles preceding, of which some are deep, others superficial, some cleare, o­thers filthy, some benigne, others ma­ligne, some with crusts, others without. The Crusts are sometimes white, yel­low, livid, or black; those that are sordid, deep, and maligne, with black crusts, are more dangerous. Carbuncles, and Buboes happen in many parts of the body especially about the glan­dulous parts, because the expulsive quality being provoked from a ma­lign quality, expels the pernicious mat­ter from the internal parts, especially the noble, to the external; hence the [Page 153] matter is transmitted from the braine to the glandules near the eares, from the heart to the arme-pits, from the liver to the groines, whence Buboes, &c. are generated. Which kinde of Tumors, though they may appear in other Fevers, yet more usually, and especially in pestilent. Peculiarly Bu­boes, Carbuncles and Parotis break forth in maligne Fevers; but it is in those wherein is a great degree of malignity, and cometh neare the Plague.

Signes shewing it after death, are spots and stroaks, as if beat, especially if they be livid or black, as also Ex­anthamata's, Carbuncles, Buboes, &c. especially if they be of an ill co­lour.

Causes Causes. are either inward or out­ward: the first are either immediate or mediate; the immediate cause is the corruption of the humours joyned with putrefaction; from the first is ac­quired an ill and venomous quality: From the second the Fever is genera­ted. The Mediate causes are pletho­ra, Cacochymia, and obstructions. Ful­nesse [Page 154] is to be understood not ad vasa, but ad vires, which when not regu­lated by nature easily conceives cor­ruption and putrefaction. The like may be said of Cacochymia, or abun­dance of ill humours. And lastly, ob­structions are apt to produce all kinde of Fevers, even as humours shut up in a hot and moist place, if they breath not out freely, easily putrifie: these mediate internal causes are usually called morbosus apparatus, the force whereof is such, that sometimes of it self it produceth a more remisse pestilent Fever, commonly called sim­ple, maligne, or spotted Fever; and this without any external, or common cause intervening, as it's oft seene in lesse Epidemical constitutions, and when no popular disease is raging. Certaine of these Fevers break forth from the il condition of the humours, which are environed with many Symptomes of maligne Fevers, as also with spots. About obstructions, this is to be noted, they necessarily concur as a special cause in maligne Fevers, which are from an internal [Page 155] cause, and are sporadical. But epidemi­cal, which are produced from a com­mon cause and the pestilent state of the aire, need not necessarily have such a cause, for from the inspi­ration of the corrupt aire alone, or from contagion onely, that venomous quality is conceived, by which the hu­mours of the body declining from their proper nature, freely fall into putridnesse. Even as hoary fruits, and other things easily putrifiable, al­though maximè perflentur, yet they cannot be kept from putrefaction: so also the humours when they have conceived that pernicious quality, they easily fall into putrifaction. So that although there be no obstructi­on present, they necessarily fall into putridnesse and Fever. And the hu­mours thus led into putrifaction (na­ture not being able to rule them) oft beget obstructions, by which the Fe­ver is encreased, and so obstructions concurre in these Fevers, which al­though from the beginning they have not beene the cause of the Fe­ver, yet they follow, & à causis labe [Page 156] pestilenti infectis fovetur. The exter­nall are the sixe things non-natural, which as they are natural, so they ne­cessarily alter our bodies; when they recede much from their natural state, they beget maligne and venomous qualities in us. Of these the ambient aire requires the first place, which even as it's the most common cause, so common diseases are wont oft to arise from the faults thereof. The aire is hurtful to men under a threefold consideration especially. First, when healthful windes do not blow; this is evident, for if the aire be not dif­flated and moved with the winde, it easily corrupts. Secondly, when it's defiled with polluted, putrid, and stinking vapours; and this is most powerful and most frequent; those vapours arise from Marshes, Lakes, Pooles, Bogs, Fish-ponds, or other watery places, which are standing, or stuffed with filthy matter, or waters wherein is steep'd lime, hemp, or from stinking Sinkes, Dunghils, and narrow lanes that stink, or from dead carca­ses unburied. Or from caves and dens, [Page 157] in which the aire hath been very long shut up, lets out a stinking putridness, by Earth-quakes or by other accident. Thirdly, as the aire exceeds in its first quality, or it be in a preposterous con­dition, so it afflicts men; this hap­pens various wayes, but especially when it exceeds too much in hotness, moistnesse being the principle of cor­ruption; hence the South-winde continuing long, hath beene a speciall cause of all pestilential Fevers; if it exceed in drinesse, it's lesse hurtful, yet an enemy to our nature; therefore if it extraordinarily exceed, it procures the like affect with the other, especi­ally if therewithal be joyned exces­sive hotnesse; by this also is fruit corrupted. If it exceed in cold­nesse, it procures pestilent Fevers by stopping the pores; whence is pro­cured greater putrefaction, and more grievous venosity; and hence these Fevers are more dangerous then in Summer, because then the passages are more open, through which that which is putrid easily exhales, and preternatural afflux from the natu­rall, [Page 158] is fitly breathed out. The in­equalities of the times are wont to be the cause of these Fevers, viz. when it's one while hot, then cold; now dry, then moist, succeeding one ano­ther, oft interchanging and continu­ing long, as when after long heat comes extreme cold suddenly; or when after long raine, extreme dry­nesse followeth: so contrary, or when the aire is preposterous, as hot in winter, and cold in summer; for hence is procured great confusion of humours, thence acquiring an ill con­dition fit to produce maligne Fe­vers, especially in those bodies which before by reason of ill diet are ple­thorick cacochymick, or have nota­ble obstructions. To these causes may be added the aire altered by the afflux of ill Planets, as the ☌ of ♄ ♃ and ♂, in which are humane signes, especially ♂ being Lord, and by these diseases are procured from no other cause, then by the change of the aire. Now this change is either from a manifest quality, i. e. when from their influence the aire is changed, or from [Page 159] an occultnesse, when from the hidden force of the starres, without notable excesse in the first qualities. The first is undubitable, and consented to by al Philosophers, that these inferiours are governed by the superiour con­stellations: for as the alteration of the aire, which happens quarterly, a­riseth from the annual motion of the Sunne; so the great diversity of years, one being very moist, ano­ther very dry, when as the Sunne holds the same course in the Zodiack every year, it could not be, unlesse it depended upon the various Aspects of the Stars; though the other not so easily beleeved, is proved by Astrolo­gers. To these may be added Eclip­ses, Meteors, especially Comets, which seldome ever appear, but epidemical and pestilent diseases, and various mutations follow in the world, as may appear by the effects of that which appeared November 17. 1610. to the truth of which all Europe may give an experimentall testi­mony.

The next cause is Aliment, when [Page 160] by reason of a certaine ill diet mor­japparatus is drawn on, which is the cause sine qua non, and the effici­ent internal of all maligne and pestilent Fevers; for from ill and cor­rupt nourishment pestilential diseases arise, especially if it happen from the foresaid constitutions of the aire.

Famine is another cause according to the proverb, A Plague followes a Famine; for then the poorer sort fil­ling themselves with ill aliment; thence followes an ill habit; and e­specially if after penury comes sud­denly plenty; for then they too sud­denly gorging themselves with much meat, which cannot, by reason of the weak heat of the parts, be rightly concocted; whence a maligne putrid­nesse is acquired.

Again, when Aliments good in themselves acquire a putrid ill quali­ty, such as Wheat, Barley, when ei­ther too long kept, or put into ill and noysome places, so also flesh, or when it dies of it self.

For drink, these may cause viz. [Page 161] putrid and corrupt wine and water of corrupt and putrid and stinking Lakes, also other corrupted liquor.

The last is the non-natural, as ex­cretion and retention, motion and rest, sleeping and waking, and the passions of the minde; and these may be looked upon onely as adju­vant causes disposing the body to re­ceive maligne putrefaction. First, the retention of the Menses in women, & other accustomed evacuations in men, as the Hemorrhoids, Hemorrhagiae, and Fluxes of the belly, which in some happen by intervals, if they fall out in Epidemical constitutions, they usually produce maligne diseases; for that which should be cast out as su­perfluous and burdensome to nature, being retained, easily beget putrefa­ction. So too great evacuations ei­ther of blood or other humours much weakens the body, diminisheth the native heat, which receives more easily the pollution of the ill and pe­stilent aire. Too much idlenesse, and too much exercise also affects, the first for want of free ventilation, which [Page 162] causeth putrefaction; the other open­ing the pores and dissolving the heat, makes a more easie way to receive the seed of contagion. Too much sleep heap; up many excrements, and fills the body with humidities, which most easily putrefie. But too much watch­ing generates crudities more then the native heat is able to regulate; whence many obstructions are cau­sed, and so transpiration is hindered, which generate putrefaction. Passions of the minde, as vehemently to move the body, and disturbe the hu­mours, greatly hasten on this evill, especially fear and sorrow, which calls the vital spirits inward; whence the strength of the heart being much broken, is lesse able to resist danger, yea and the commotion of the hu­mours in the veines, and their vehe­ment disturbance dejects the natural constitution, and begets maligne pu­trefaction. However it's thought the Plague in armies is more raging, not so much from the ill diet, as the appre­hension of the danger of death. Prog­nosticks are uncertaine, & therfore no [Page 163] event to be assured till there be ma­nifest conquest either of the disease or nature, Prognos. which is discernable either at the end of the state or the begin­ning of the declination; therefore in the beginning and encrease, judge­ment is to be suspended, if the Pulse keeps equal, and in order, in these Fevers, although the Fever appears great, there is alwayes good hope; but contrary, if inordinate, unequal, and contracted, dangerous, especial­ly if it hath appeared weak from the beginning; yet these differences of Pulses are not so pernicious in ma­ligne, as in common Fevers; for al­though the Pulse intermitting in young, is deadly, yet in this they have escaped: a healthful Pulse is dange­rous, discovering nature so weaken­ed, that it cannot enter upon the concoction of the maligne matter; hence it not being touched, there followes little labour; and here the Fever is little, as in external Tumors; so long as the part is overwhelmed from the abundance, or ill quality of the matter, it causeth neither paine [Page 164] nor Fever, but when nature averse to the matter enters upon the combate, and attempts to convert it into pus, then at that time the Fever discovers it self. So in maligne Fevers, the sick seemes to be freed from it, when yet it's worse, and he hastens to death. Delirium in this Fever is most frequent, neither is it to be feared; when it's asswaged by sleep, e­specially if it vanish with abundance of sweat, for it's a signe the matter is called from the braine to the habit of the body; a delirium persevering, is most pernicious, it shewes it will de­generate into a true phrensey. Con­tractions and leaping of the members is wont to happen oft in these fevers, they are convulsive motions, and very dangerous, and the more, if joyned with delirium, for they discover the braine to be much hurt; the trem­bling motion of the tongue and hands are deadly, it arguing very great weaknesse, and nature to be o­vercome by the disease. Deafnesse, although in the beginning of acute diseases be most dangerous, yet ap­pearing [Page 165] in the state, foretels safety, especially in maligne Fevers; for it's observable that thousands labouring of those Fevers, upon coming of deaf­nesse in the state although other Symptomes were very dangerous, yet they have done well; for it's a signe the strength of the braine is sufficient to thrust out the noxious humours from the internal parts to the exter­nall. Sneezing in some diseases is deadly; but in maligne Fevers, al­though cruel Symptomes hold forth danger, yet it holds forth security. Cardialgia or hichough do threaten danger, and shewes the stomach grie­vously afflicted with a venomous quality: a great loathing of meat is most dangerous, it signifying the sto­mach abounding with an ill quality, and the temper thereof altogether overturned, so that the laudable ali­ment which before was most familiar, it loaths, and hates. The suppression of all evacuations, in the beginning and increase of the disease is good, for it shewes the diseased matter not to be so malicious as to stirre up nature [Page 166] before its due time: but nature as yet overcomes. If nothing be cast out in the state and Symptoms be cru­el it's ill, it being a signe either of the diseases continuance, or else doubtful whether it will end well or no. Be­cause the maligne matter not cast out, but continuing long, it so afflicts and weakens the braine, and pro­duceth the phrensie, lethargie, which is most hard to remove. Blood drawn if it be pure, & according as it ought, it's dangerous; for it's an evident, signe that there is either more venom­ous quality then putrefaction, or else the putrefaction is lodged in the veines next the heart, and so cannot be drawn forth. From urin; no prog­nostick can be made in a pestilent Fe­ver, or if any, yet uncertaine. For not only confused, filthy, thicker and thinner urins, which in other Fevers is ill; but also those which are like healthful. Yea and many signes of concoction manifestly appearing in the urin, it changing the patient dieth worse, and is removed, but yet con­coct urins having a laudable sediment, [Page 167] and that continuing many dayes, and day by day uniting it self more, and descending by degrees into the bot­tome of the glasse is perpetually a certaine signe of safety: also in ma­ligne and pestilential Fever. For it shewes the natural faculty is strong enough to conquer the adverse ma­ligne quality; therefore in maligne Fever where there is great feare of the sick by reason of cruell Symptomes, yet if there continue Signes of con­coction in the urin, safety may be prognosticated with great confidence. Ʋrin fat and oleous, black or livid, with the Hypostasis black or livid, doth certainly pronounce ill, Abun­dance of urin (a lessening of the Fe­ver not following) is ill, because it signifies colliquation. Sweat in this Fever, although it fall out with re­quisite conditions, yet if not on a criticall day, there cannot be safe­ty judged. Yea, sometimes the Fe­ver remits, the first day by sweating, but after the Symptomes increase, the sick after many sweatings dies. For much sweat not lessening the disease [Page 168] ariseth from the wasting of the whol body, neither is that to be credited, that critical sweats in this Fever is ne­ver profitable, nam quò minùs vene­nositatis febris obtenuerit, eò magis prodesse poterunt; as in other vulgar Fevers this is a certain observation, if the sick from the beginning of the Fever break forth with frequent sweats, it may be profitable, being a signe that nature by little attenu­ates the matter, and casts it out by sweat. The Flux of the belly of all is most uncertaine; for if it happen in the beginnig, it may be sometimes good, otherwhiles deadly. Againe, premise some concoction maybe seene in those labouring of a Flux, yet they may die, though sometimes some e­scape. Yet it's thus to be distinguish­ed, when the venomous quality is of most force, by which the matter from the beginning falleth down by a Flux of the belly, that's more secure; but when the disease ariseth for most part from putrifaction of the humors, its worse, if the Flux come at first. The spots when they are many, great, of [Page 169] good colour, and break forth criti­cally; they pronounce nature the Victor: but if few, lesse, and ill co­lour, and symptomatical, it signifies the disease prevailes: Furthermore, if they return in after they appear, it's worst: for it shewes the morbifick matter to flow inwards. Exanthe mata appear in various parts, and are companions of great malignity, and therefore portend great dan­ger. Carbuncles, and Buboes testifie the same, when they are wont to ac­company these Feavers, (whereof they are a peculiar character) for in them more die then escape. An­thrax, and Buboes, farthest from the heart, increase sooner, and come to maturation; these are lesse dangerous: yet if the humours in­crease suddenly with cruel sym­ptomes, it's ill. Very great Carbuncles of a naughty colour, with eating Ʋl­cers, or which are changed into a Gangrene, are deadly: as also those near the heart, or passe nigh the throat: This is certain, many Car­buncles are more dangerous then [Page 170] few, contrary, the more Buboes the more secure then few. Parotis in maligne and spotted Fevers, in the increase or state is deadly; but if they appear little at the declining of the disease, and come to suppura­tion, they are safe.

Cure Cure. Respects preservati­on, cure, and removing of Sym­ptomes. Preservation of those on whom it is not yet broke forth, con­sists, especially in removing the cau­ses, which fit the body to receive the Fever: and those things that produce it, which are either inter­nal, or external: the first are Plethona, Cacochymia, and obstruct. the second, are especially naughty aire, and wan­dering Contagion; those that dispose the body to the disease, are either by nature, or accident above mea­sure, moist, weak, loose, fine, dense and compact bodies. More moist is to be dried, and those more dry are to be kept so, therefore the more moist are to shun a full diet, and large drinking, and all moist aliments, as fruits, fishes, south-winde, and [Page 171] fogs, especially in the night: idle­nesse, long sleeps, especially at noon; bathes, and all other things which humect the body. The weak body is to be restored with an ana­leptick, and strengthening medica­ments: the fine and loose require the same with the moist; but the dense and compact, because they are disposed most of all to receive a pe­stilent Fever, they are to be freed with more diligence from Plethora, Cacochymia, and obstructions, which causes, when they produce these Fe­vers in all bodies, as the first causes, they are perpetually to be removed. Plethora calls for cutting a vein, if nothing hinder. As the time of the yeare, being too hot, or cold, or the state of the aire pestilent, then it's to be forborn, unlesse fulnesse ad vasa urgeth much, or accustomed evacu­ations of blood, as Haemorrhoid. Men­ses, Haemorrhag be supprest, for blood being drawn, the pestilent aire is more easily received, and oppres­sing the actions, makes the disease more hardly to be conquered: even [Page 172] as in those, which after drinking of poison, make it. more easily pene­trable, and more hardly cured. Ca­cochymia requires purging, proper to the humour offending, fit Prepara­tives premised, (if necessary,) provi­ded they be benigne, mixing with them some things of a Bezoartick quality. Obstructions being caused from a multitude of crosse, and tough humours; the multitude is to be evacuated, crasse attenuated, and tough clensed. 1. By reason of exter­nal causes, prevention is to be ap­pointed: as first, the excesse of the aire is to be corrected, i. e. the hot­ter to be cooled, the more humid to be dried with fires, both in publick wayes, and private houses, as much as may be. The fires are to be made of juniper, bayes, nosemary, and the like. Secondly, all causes are to be removed which may infect the aire. Thirdly, if it be infected, it's to be dis­sipated, which is done by fires, fumes, and shooting great guns, most effe­ctual, but if it be endued with a ve­ry pernicious quality it's best to [Page 173] remove, and those that are con­strained to stay, are to use frequent­ly Antidotes, and those no lesse quan­tity then are prescribed to cure. The Cure is to be taken from the putrifa­ction, and the maligne quality; the Fever is to be opposed with cool­ing, and humecting, the putrifaction with evacuations, and alterings, and the maligne quality with Alexiphar­macons. Here blood is first to be drawn, a glister premised, for that's most fit, because of the greatnesse of the disease, the hot distemper, and putrifaction, but if the fault lie in the quality of the blood, it's to be taken away with the greatest pru­dence; for bleeding then may rather hurt then do good, the vital faculty being thereby rather debilitated, and death hastened; therefore if the ma­ligne quality be more then the putri­faction, which may be knowen as be­fore, lesser quantity is to be drawn; if the putrefaction infect more, then more plenty may be taken; and so more especially, if maligne Fevers arise ex morboso apparatu, and pu­trid [Page 174] humours kept within the veines, and then bleeding may be reitera­ted twice or thrice, until the heap of vicious humours contained in the veines, be exonerated, which hu­mours rise in these Fevers, but bleed­ing is to be maturely appointed in the beginning of the disease; for it's ill in the progresse, the malignity then having diffused it self into the whole masse of blood, and so it doth not only not help, but also ex­ceedingly debilitates nature, so that many think it not good, the fourth day being past, especially when they begin to be common, or cruel, then it's diligently to be observed, who of the sick, gaine benefit by bleed­ing; for in some kinde of Synochus, in which putrifaction is intense, and malignity remisse, bleeding dimi­nisheth it: but in others, the nature whereof consists almost altogether in malignity, bleeding is more perni­cious. This appears in a true plague, in which many and most approved have had experience of, that all the sick who have had a veine opened, [Page 175] have died. So also in pestilential Pleu­risies it doth more hurt then good making the disease only more cruel; yea, and in other epidemical disea­ses, endued with lesse malignity, yet in which the malignity was almost altogether in vitio, the same event hath happened; as in that epidemi­cal Catarrh, which wandred through Europe, in Anno 1580. in which scarce one of a thousand, troubled with it died: yet almost all who were let blood perished; and that's diligently to be observed, that in the Cure of Carbuncles, bleeding is to be used to fainting, that so the boiling blood, which is the cause of the Carbuncle, may be drawn forth more abundantly. But this is on­ly in a simple Carbuncle without ma­lignity; in the other it's not safe: it's controverted, whether a veine is to be opened, when exanthemata's, or spots appear. For answer, some think it a hainous fault to draw blood then, in that the humours are carried at that time, from the Cen­ter to the Circumference, which mo­tion [Page 176] is altogether to be helped, but by the opening a veine, it's altoge­ther hindered, and the blood drawn from the Circumference to the Centre, for emptiness being made in the in­ward part, the blood contained in the external parts, doth run into the internal. But notwithstanding this, with the more sound Physicians this is not regarded, but bleeding is pre­scribed, if the spots appear in the be­ginning of the disease, and in those dayes, in which venae sectio ought to be performed, in case sufficient hath not been drawn before: it must be drawn moderately, lest it procure danger. For those that break forth in the beginning, are not critical, but symptomatical, arising from a notable ebullition, and heate of blood, and maligne humours putrifi­ed, and therefore cannot hinder na­tures, motion, which is none at that time: nay, if they appear in pletho­rick bodies, having red, and thick Ʋrine, if a veine be not cut, nature not being able to overcome so great a quantity of humours, oft pro­cures [Page 177] great hurt by their sudden rushings into some internal part, and there causing a dangerous in­flammation. Yet this is cautiously to be performed, lest the veines being emptied too much, a retraction of the humours may succeed, from the ex­ternal to the internal parts, therefore only the great plenitude thereof is to be removed. And thus the expul­sive motion of nature, is helped to the superficies of the body, as hath oft been observed in these, where ven. sect. hath been warily perform­ed, within few houres after a safe Critical sweat hath followed: and in this account, although nature might be judged sufficient to over­come its enemy: yet it's not to be neglected, for by this meanes the Conquest may be more sure and speedy. Yet note, that after bleed­ing, many Cups are to be applied, that so the motion of the humour may be expedited to the external parts. How and where they are to be applied, will hereafter be disco­vered, that you may securely per­forme [Page 178] what is pressed. Observe, that those spots, or exanthemata's are symptomatical, which appear in the beginning of the disease, and be­fore the fourth day; and then the sick is so far from being eased, that grievous symptomes trouble. Here bleeding is not to be neglected; but those are Critical, which break forth after the fourth day, in a­bundance, upon which the sick findes ease, and symptomes remit. Here abstain, and fix to many Cups with scarification, which is ex­cellent. What hath been said is to be understood of opening a veine in the arme. The cutting of the low­er veines in some cases is very ad­vantageous, viz. 1. Where there's great debility, and so a veine open­ed in the arme cannot be borne. 2. In women, where it's most pro­per and profitable, by reason of the excretion of nature, yea, especially in the absence of the menses, because then the blood abounds in the veins near the wombe. Thirdly, when there's feared a translation of the hu­mours [Page 179] to the braine, which oft happens in this Fever procuring a phrensie, which is discovered by a white thin, colourlesse Ʋrin. This hath been observed in pestilent times, after the drawing of two pound of blood, from the inferiour veines, many have been cured. Of the like efficacy is the opening of the Hae­morrhoids, by leaches, especially in those that are melancholike. After bleeding, revulsion is to be made with Cups, without scarifications, if simple revulsion be only required, but with scarif. if blood abound, and can­not safely be lessened otherwise. These first diminish strength little; And secondly draw malignity from within outwards; they are to be ap­plied, first to the thighs and hips, that portion of the malignity may be drawn to the remote parts, but being this is not sufficient to draw the venomous humours and vapours, from the parts near, they are to be applied to the scapula's and back, yet not here neither in the begin­ning of the disease, nor if there be [Page 180] fulnesse of the body, unlesse univer­sal evacuations have been sufficient­ly used. As in Pleurisies, if in the be­ginning Cups be applied to the pain­ed part, it increaseth the fluxion the more, but if after much bleeding it only drawes what's there fixed, and hence the disease is dissolved; yet it's more dangerous in this affect, be­ing so near the heart, if they be ap­plied to the arme pits, and groyns, they draw the ill juice to the ignoble parts Amongst revellers are fricti­ons of the extreme parts with rough clothes oft repeated. But that is best which is made on the whole body with this Linim. ℞ ol. Amygd d. & aq. fontan. an, ℥ iij. sal. nitri ʒ ij. bull. ad aq. consumpt. & manibus hoc oleo inunctis perfricetur calide totum corpus manè & serò. This opens the pores of the skin, by which the ve­nomous vapours are vented. Vesica­tories are fitly applied to various parts, which powerfully drawe and revel the venomous Ichor. They are commonly applied to the neck, and so they draw from the head, by [Page 181] which sleepy affects are prevented, which oft falls out in these Fevers. But if the malignity of the matter be great, possessing the whole body, producing cruel symptomes, apply at once to several places, as to the in-side of the armes, betwixt the arme-pits and elbowes, to the in­side of the thighes betwixt the groine and knee. By these the maligne mat­ter is drawn forth. But lest they should procure suppression of Ʋ ­rin, use an Emulsion to temperate the heat, and sharpnesse of the Ʋ ­rin. With the vesicatory plaisters may be mixed sem. Ameos powdered. A Cataplasme of raddishes, powerful­ly revels the maligne matter, it's used in slices with salt and vineger: Or, ℞ rasur. raphan. & brion. utriusque an. ℥ ij. sem. nasturtii. ℥ j. gran. pa­rad. ℥s. sal. marin. ʒ iij. mixta irro rentur aceto fortissimo & excipiantur q. s. sap [...]n. liquid. f. veluti. Cataplas applica plantis pedum è stupis pexis ca lide hora somni. These revellers u­sually, are to be used through the whole course of this disease. Pur­ging [Page 182] is much controverted, whe­ther it's to be used in the beginning of this disease? Some utterly reject it: First, because matter concoct, not crude is to be purged. Secondly, thereby the maligne matter is too much stirred up, and more largely diffused, and so a pernicious flux oft procured. Others contend for it, that so some part of the abounding matter, in the first wayes may be re­moved, lest it infect the rest of the masse of the humours; and so na­ture, though holpen with Alexi­pharm. and strengthners be foiled. But to reconcile, purging medica­ments are to be waved, and those humours, lodged in the first wayes, are to be drawn forth with glisters. But if it cannot thus be sufficiently performed, which especially happens, when all humours abound in the sto­mach, which is known by want of appetite, bitternesse of the mouth, loathing, and vomiting, or when wormes are present, then it's fit to use purgers, that so that matter in the veines may be the better con­quered, [Page 183] being concocted. Hence observe, that it's necessary that the matter in the veines be concocted, be­fore purged: but that in the first wayes not. The Purgers used are to be gentle, as Cassia, Tamarind. Manna, Syr. ros. & de cichor. compos. And all others are to be neglected, unlesse senna, and rhabarb and those are to be used in small quantity mix­ed with the other, and that when Cacochymia abounds. Their forme is set down in putrid Fevers; glisters are to be used, not only in the begin­ning, upon the former account, but also through the whole disease, if the belly flow not freely, and that every, or every other day. For thus first, the daily excrements are drawn forth, and certain portion of the dis­eased matter is brought away. Se­condly, humours turning to the up­per parts are called back to the con­trary parts, which is most agreeable to nature. They are to be framed of mollifying, and cooling decoctions, ad­ding gentle looseners, shunning dia­grediats, which oft draw on a dan­gerous [Page 184] flux of the belly. Whilest the foresaid medicaments are in use, correct the feaverish heat, putre­faction and maligne quality with these following; First, altering ju­leps, set down in putrid Fevers, will be very fit, especially if of decoction made of the roots of Sorrel, Cicho­ry, Grasse, Buglosse, Sharp docks, and the leaves of Endive, Suc­cory, Sorrel, Pimpinel, Maiden-haire, and Tamarinds, to which may be added such as have a specifick quality to oppose venomous hu­mours, commonly called Alexiphar. as the roots of Cinqfoile, Tormentill, white Chameleon, the leaves of Scor­dium, Carduus bened, vipers grasse, meadsweet, the flowers of Mari­golds, Clouegilliflowers, pieces of Limons, Pomegranates, Sorrel, and of the juice of Sorrel, and with these are oft to be mixed sharp me­dicines, as juice of Citrons, Limons, Spir. vitrioli. or Sulphur, for they ex­cellently resist putrefaction, and the venomous quality, so that some have been recovered, only by the [Page 185] use of Citrons, infused in ordi­nary drink, or juleps. The two fore­said spirits are gallant, for there's no putrifaction, whose strength they break not, nor infection which they overcome not, nor no ill humour which they amend not. To the said juleps may be added sal prunella, which powerfully cooles, and extin­guisheth the Feaverish heat, and hath some force to procure sweat, upon which account its very profit­able in maligne Fevers. In place of juleps, to those of dainty palats, use medicated broths, wherein is boiled the leaves of Borage, Sor­rel, Pimpinel, and other herbes of a more grateful taste, with the pair­ings of Peare-mains, pulpe of Ci­trons, the meat being a pullet to them. Sometimes adde Sal Prunel­la, to cool the more Emulsions pre­pared of Almonds, and the foure cold-seeds, with the decoctions of the juleps is excellent, to which may be added the seeds of Citrons, Napi, and Carduus bened. which oppose the maligne quality, as also the fore­said [Page 186] Syrups. Through the whole Cure use Alexipharmacons, not on­ly in juleps, broths, and emulsions, but also in other formes. And be­cause they are not to be used pro­miscuously, nor at any time of the disease, therefore they are divided into foure Classes: the first con­taining those, which as by a speci­fick quality resist venome, so being cold, dry, and a little astringent, re­sist putrifaction, strengthen the heart, and bridle the venenosity, lest it be too easily poured out into the whole body, and resists by a certain compressure, the dissolution of the parts. Such are bol. armen. terr. sig. coral. rad. pentaph. tormentil. The second, containes them, which by their coldnesse, and thin sub­stance resist putrefaction, and binde up malignity; such are juice of Li­mons, spir. vitriol. & sulphur. as also all sharp things. The third Clas­sis containes those that are hot and diaphoretick, which expels veno­mous humours and vapours from the heart, or the Centre to the Cir­cumference. [Page 187] Such are Angelica, ze­doaria, dictamn. meadsweeet, scordi­um Card. bened. Scabious, Theriac. & Mithrid. & aq. Theriacal. The fourth contains those which are spe­cifick, without any excesse in the first quality, these oppose the venomous quality; as lap. bezoar. c. c. & mono­cerot. troch. viperin. &c. The first, se­cond and fourth Classes are more proper in the beginning and in­crease; the third in the declination, and these are to be varied, according to the several degrees of the malig­nity, and putrifaction, and intense­nesse, or remissenesse of the Fever, temperament of the sick, sexe, age, and other circumstances, which wholly depends upon the judge­ment of the Physician; only observe, where the Fever vehemently burnes, adde here to cool and sharp things, shunning hot, and diaphoreticks, which yet are proper where the Fever is remisse, and maligne qua­lity intense Of these may be com­pounded various medicaments, of which this may be a patterne. ℞. [Page 188] rad. acetos. buglos. torment. an. ℥ j fol. endiv. cichorii, acetos. pimpinel. an. Mi, tamarind. ℥ j. coq. in lb j. aq in cola­tur dissolv. syr. de Limon & granata an. ℥ js. f. julep. pro tribus dosibus bis in die sumendis, addend. unicuique dos. confec. de Hyacinth. ʒ 1. lap. bezoar gr. vi. This may serve in principio, if the Fever be very intense, and in a bilious body, adde to every dose sal prunel. ʒ j. vel spir. vitriol. aut sulphur. ad▪ moderatam aciditutem. In Fevers remisse, there may be ad­ded to the decoction, rad. carlinae, & pentaphyl. fol. scord. & scabiosae. ℞. amygd. dul. exortic. ʒ j. sem melon. cucurbit, napi. & card. bened. an. ʒ ij. contund. in mortario marmor. sensim af­fundend, decocti julep. praedict. lb js. syr. limon. ℥ iij. sal. prunel. ʒ iij. f. E­muls. pro tribus dosibus bis aut ter in die sumendis. Through the whole cure use broth, in which is dissolved confect. de hyacinth. or ℞ Coral. praep. margarit. praep. rasur. Ehoris c. c. usti lap. bezoar. an. ℈ j. f. pul. of which give 10 gra. in every messe of broth, where the maligne quality is very [Page 189] strong, Alexipharm is to be given in all the broths, juleps, and ordinary drinks that are taken. Bezoar gra. vi. or vii. with meadsweet water, or of vipers grasse. card. ben. &c. doth not only oppose the malign quality, but causeth sweat; but being that which is true, is hard to come by, contraherva is rather to be confid [...]d in, performing the said intentions surely and speedily, the root it self given in a fit vehicle, to ʒ j. is good. ℞. sacc. cand. ʒ iij. zinzib. ʒ ij. camphor. ʒ j. fiat. pul. dos. [...]. If there be great paine in the head, or stomach, this is warily to be used, because of the Camphire. ℞ bezoar. mineral. ʒ iij. sal. prunel. ʒ ij. Cam­phor. ʒ j. mis. dos. ʒ j. in aq. card. be­ned. or ℞ smaragd, p. p. lap. bezoar. an. gr. vj. hyacinth. p. p. gr. iij. mis. f. pul. pro una dos. This is excellent, and given in Marmalade, hath cured desperate fluxes, dos. gr. xij. Troch. viper in. cum aq. Cordial. vel julep. is admirable. The third Classis of Alexipharm. are only to be exhibit­ed in the state and declination, [Page 190] which is to be understood of simple malign Fevers, and spotted. For in the true plague, they may be used from the beginning, that so the ve­nomous quality, ready suddenly to strangle the Patient, may be power­fully opposed, and the maligne va­pours discussed; yea, they may al­so be given in simple maligne Fe­vers, if the maligne quality abound more then the putrefaction from the beginning, but in smaller doses, especially those lesse hot, or mixed w [...] cooling medicaments. Of these sweating medicaments there are several degrees; for some are more hot, as angelic. zedoar. dictam. theriac. mithrid. & aq. theriacal. These are to be given, when the Fe­ver is remiss, and malignity more intense. Others are less hot, as Card. bened, scabios. scordi. meadsweet; these give when the Fever is strong, and the malignity is remiss. Take the waters of meadsweet, and car­duus bened of each two ounces. juice of Limons one ounce, old treakle a dragme or two scruples, (as heat [Page 191] is more or less feared) mixe them, and make a potion, giving it warm, and cover the body little more then ordinary, this is excellent. If the Symptomes be great and vehe­ment, theriac. rec. is more fit, the o­pium therein temperating the fierceness of the Symptomes, and hinders the boyling of the humours. Sometimes, when theriac. is not fit, (as in the beginning, and increase) lauda. opiat. may be profitably given, being mixed with Alexipharm. for it's narcotick quality, doth not only congeale the hot spirits which vehe­mently infest the heart, but also stay the morbifick matter, (whilest it's in a most pernicious flux) so that it remaines almost immoveable. Aq. theriac. is to be preferred before theriac. it self, for it being thin and spirituous, sooner and more easily enters and diffuseth it self over the whole body, moving sweat; that of Bauderonus is accounted most excel­lent, dos. ab. ℥s. ad ℥ j. exhibited in sudorifick waters or decoctions. Some are framed more hot of [Page 192] white-wine, or spirit of wine, which are to be given in lesser quantity. These are more penetrative, provo­king sweat more abundantly, and have place especially in the plague; as ℞ rad. angelic. carlinae gentian. tor­mentil. zedoar. c. c. an. ℥ j. trium san­talor. an. ℥ s. theriac. ℥ iij. camphor. ℈ j. contundantur omnia, & infundan­tur in vini alb. lb ij, in loco calid. per triduum, deinde distil. in B. M. & aq. servetur ad usum, dos. ab ʒ ij. ad ℥ s. In cooling juleps adding spir. vitriol. ℞ spir. vini opt. rectific. lb js. theriac. veter. ℥ viij. myrrh. electae. ℥ iiij. croc. orient. ℥ j. camphor. ℥ s. infund. per 24. hor. in B. M. postea distil. in eo­dem bal. & eliciatur aq. summè effi­cax. The Chymists have their Bezoar­dickes. In the Cure of these Fevers observe; first, that you oft change the alexipharm. lest nature being too much accustomed to one, it prove fruitlesse; besides venenosity is not alwayes the same. Secondly, mi­thrid. and theriac. and those strong are not to be given to women with childe, and children. Thirdly, In [Page 193] sweating abstain from sleep, and in sweat give juice of Citrons, and aq. card. whilst these are in use, if you would have the venenosity more drawn forth to the superficies of the body, apply external medicaments, as cups with and without Scarif. oft and many also vesicatories which are most fit in the state; at which time Sudorificks are to be used. Also ol. scorpion. Mathioli, which is admi­rable; anointing therewith hot the Emunctories, as the groynes, arme­pits, &c. as also the pulses of the temples and wrests, with the hands and feet, three or four times a day, or every third houre; in want of this, prepare a linim. of Theriac. dis­solved in the juice of Lemons, ad­ding a little Saffron & Camphire; by these the strength of the malignity, that resides in the centre, is called to the externals. If the malignity seeme to over-match nature, then as­sist her with strong sudorificks, giving them in greater quantitie then or­dinary, as aq. Theriac. vel bezoard. to which adde camphire, and out­wardly [Page 194] at the same time, the fol­lowing fomentation is to; used be ℞. rad. Angelic. & gentian. an. ℥ij. fol. meliss. origan. scordii, an. Miij. sem. card. bened. ℥j. flor. cham. verbasc. melilot. Hyper. centaur. minor staechad. Anthos. & calendul. an. p. ij, fiat decoct. adden. sub finem parùm vini alb▪ quo foveantur pedes inguina, axillae, & la­tera calide cum spongiis. This me­thod calls forth maligne vapours, and hath cur'd many. If drynesse of the tongue, thirst and other sym­ptomes prevaile [...] the fomentation is not to be used; but instead thereof, Hens divided in the middle, or the lungs, or cauls of Sheep new killed, is, to be applied to the belly. Strength being much weakened by the vene­mous quality, is to be supported through the whole cure, with con­venient brothes made of Capons, or the liquor thereof distilled, per descen­sum in B. M. to which may be ad­ded sometimes, confect. de Hyacinth. which doth not only relieve the re­maining strength, but opposeth ma­lignity. In the said brothes, gelly [Page 195] of Harts-horne, is good, but Al­kermes is most excellent, which strengtheneth much; yet increaseth not the feaverish heat. Wine dis­creetly exhibited, is good and cordi­all; and to smell to bread macerated therein, is excellent, having added thereto Rose-water. The foresaid confect. Alkerm. may be mixed with potions in great weaknesse, as this which is excellent. ℞. aq. naphae, & rosar. an. ℥ js. confect. Alker. ʒj. syr de pomis. ℥ j. succ. lemon. ʒiij. f. pot. If the Feaver be not very intense, adde aq. Cinam. ʒij. vel. iij. and sometimes Ambra-griefe to gr. 5. vel. 6. Yea, in case the patient be in danger of death, strengtheners that are hot, are not to be feared, being they may be temperated by mixing therewith sal prunel. spir. vitriol. &c. this cours may also be observed, when Alexiphar. Sudorificks, and others are exhibited, or outwardly applied. Epithemes by some are rejected, be­cause usually framed of those things which coole and repel, and so drive back to the heart; but this may be [Page 196] helped by forming them of cordiall waters and diaphoreticks, as ℞. aq. scabios. card. bened. an. ℥iiij. aq. naphae ℥ij. confect. Alkerm. ʒij. diamarg. frigid. ʒj. croc. & camphir. an. gr. vi. f. Epithem. applic. region. cordis te­pide frequenter, ℞. confect. Alker. ℥s. spec. Triasantal. & diamargar. frigid. an. ʒjs. aq. naphae parùm, fiat lini­ment. apply it to the said part after the use of the Epitheme. The maligne quality being thus foyled, and the Feaver growing remisse, the disease inclining to declination, and manifest signes of concoction ap­pearing, purging is to be appointed according to the strength of the sick, as ℞. sen. Alexand. ℥s. sem. anisi. ʒj. fol. scabios, scord. an. Ms. liqui­ritiae ʒiij. coq. in aq. ad. ℥iij. in cola­tu dissol. rhei in aq. bugloss. cum san­tal. citrin. infus. ℈iiij. Mannae elect. & syr. ros. an. ℥j. f. pot. Here purging, if necessary, is to be reiterated twice or thrice, intermitting a day or two, that so the matter may be thorowly era­dicated, otherwise the sick may be either in danger of recidivation, or [Page 197] else will be longer in healing: For although nature may be strong e­nough of it self to cast out the dis­eased matter, yet not of a long time The diet in this Feaver is to be like that in continual Feavers, only these things are to be observed. First, sharp things in broths and drinks are oft to be used, for so they will be more fit to oppose putrefaction, and the maligne quality. Secondly, the use of Wine in this Feaver, may sometimes be profitable, being very cordial, and an enemy to malignity; being given to those whose feaverish distemper is remisse, the venemous quality much, and the Patient being of a phlegmatick constitution, yet it's to be much diluted; but contrary, if the Feaver be great, and the body be cholerick; 'its very pernicious, e­specially in spotted Feavers. Third­ly, Wine is never to be given in the first dayes of the disease, lest the crude matter be moved too much; but only in the state when the signes of malignity appear. Zacutus gave it in great thirst, with drynesse and [Page 198] blacknesse of the tongue with happy successe, and by it cured. Hence the sentence of Celsus is not strange, Sae­pe. quos ratio non restituit,, temeritus adjuvat. Often that which reason restores not, rashnesse helps. That the cure may be compleat, somewhat is to be said of the symptomes; As first paine of the head, watching, and delirium, which are to be encounte­red with all sorts of revellers, as o­pening the inferiour veines hemor­rhoids, casting in Emollient glisters, friction of the lower parts; cups applied, first to the hips, and after to the back and scapulas, both with, and without scarification; also vesi­catories, if the delirium be from a bilious cause, are to be applied to the armes and thighs; but if there­with be joyned stupor and sleepiness, also apply them to the neck. After these to the forehead apply oxyrrhod; only observe, they are not so fit in maligne, as in simple putrid Feavers; because the difflation of venemous vapours, ought rather by all means to be procured, then retained. [Page 199] Therefore, first, use more gentle repellers, and if symptomes be more violent, use stronger, but not long. The more gentle are flor. nymphae. vio­lar. rosar. sem. frigid. Major. & gran. Kermes, or ℞. ungu. popul. ℥j. con­ser. violar. & rosar. an. ℥s. ol. viol. & ros. an. ℥iij. acet. ros. ʒij. Misce om­nia, excipiantur stupis pexis, & duobus linteis inclusa fronti applicentur. E­mulsions of the cold feeds are to be used, which sends cold and benigne vapours to the braine, and so case the said symptomes; which if they suffice not, narcoticks are to be used in small doses, as syr. papav. ℥ s. or in great necessity, lund. opiat. cum conser. rosar. gr. ij. or dissolved in some julep, or else in place of these, Theriac. recens, these admirably hinder the maligne sharp vapors sent to the braine, only use them sel­dome, lest they concenter the ve­nome. After the use of repellers one or two dayes, come to derivers as vesicatories to the neck, the opening of the frontal veines, from which draw to v. or vi. ounces of [Page 200] blood which happily succeed, the arme veine having been first opened, and sufficient blood drawn. Leeches applied behinde the ears is good, although not so efficacious as the former. Towards the state and declination of the phrensie, Resolvers are to be used, especially Animals or their parts, as the lungs of sheep, which ls more profitable then young Pigeons, or Whelps, in that they in­compasse the whole head, and so partly resolve the hurtful humour contained in the braine; and partly concoct and maturate it, that so after nature doth more easily expell them. They are by some ill applied in the beginning of the phrensie, be­cause they increase heat, and move fluxion to the braine, and so increase the delirium. As for the inflammation, drynesse and heat of the Tongue, what hath been set down in putrid Feavers may serve, especially that framed of the water, or juice of sempervivi and sal. prunel. or this ex­perimented. ℞. butyr. rec. in aq. ros. lot. ℥ j. sal. prunel. an. ʒ s. Misce, [Page 201] keep it in cold water, and give of it oft in a day the quantity of a pease or beane, and hold it long on the tongue. It's a signe the cure suc­ceeds well, if that suliginous black­nesse falls, and the roughnesse of the tongue begins to moisten, and the furrednesse comes away, leaving excoriations; so that the sick in ex­creting, cast it off the roof and pa­late. At that time those parts are so sensible, that they cannot indure the use of sharp things, & are subject to inflammation, for which use this, ℞ S [...]m. psyll. & Cydonior. an. ʒj s. gum. tragac. ʒj. cum aq ros. q s. ex tract. mucilag. satis liquida cui add. syr. viol. parvam quantitatem, fiat instar gelatini, quo utatur frequenter ex cochloari, diu (que) in ore contineat. Hot milke gargarised, easeth pain, temperateth inflammation, humects the tongue and roof of the mouth, and drawes away the venome; the fol­lowing is also good, ℞. Sem cucu­mer. mundat. & contus. ℥j. gum. tra­gacan. subtilis. pulv. ℥ s. alb. ovo. q. s. form. pil. quas teneat in ore frequenter, [Page 202] or ℞. Cucurbit. & melon. mund. & contus. sem. papav. albi, an. ʒj. liqui­ritiae, & Tragacanth. an. ʒj s. contund. & pul. & cum mucilag. cydon. extract. cum aq. ros. f. pil. in ore detinenda. But because the foresaid effects of the Tongue proceed from inward heat, to extinguish it, cooling juleps are oft to be used, to which adde sal prunellae, & spir. vitriol. which may also be mixed with ordinary drink. For vehement thirst, want of appetite, loathing, hichough and vomiting, you may finde sufficient in the place fore­cited, onely in thirst be sure with your juleps you use sal. pru­nellae & spir. vitriol. and for vomitings, which are frequent in this Feaver, & vexe so sore, that it casts up all taken; yea, thin juleps; it's certainly cured with one dragme of the salt of Wormewood given in a spoonful of the juice of Lemons.

The Flux of the belly in this dis­ease is most frequent, and therefore requires the greater care and pru­dence: For if it be preposterously stayed, the venemous matter will be [Page 203] kept within, and indanger much; if not stayed, it dejects the strength, and oft procures death, therefore use this method. If it be moderate and dejects strength not much, it's not to be stayed, but only allayed with gentle glisters; but if contrary, it's to be stayed with Theriac. rec., or laud. opiat. à gr. ij. ad. gr. iij. This hath oft been observed, that perni­cious fluxes tending to death, have been stayed in a moment by giving powerful diaphoreticks in great quantity.

Wormes oft infest this disease, be­ing begot from great putrefaction of the humors; to rid these, sweet glisters are to be used, and exhibi­ting potions framed of the decoction of scordium, which hath force both against them and the venenosity; if with it be boiled Purslain and Sorrel, it temperateth its heat. Cor. Cer. usti. vel rasur. ʒj. is good, although a Flux of the belly be present. When the malignity and venemous quality abound, there happens Parotes, Bu­boes and Carbuncles. For Parotis [Page 204] when they begin to appear, and notably increase, apply drawers, and exhibit Alexipharm. diaphoreticks, which help nature to expel the dis­eased matter; to the part apply ungu. Dialthaea upon wool, this loosens the part. Make attraction by applying Pigeons and Whelps, which also ease paine; to draw more strongly, make a plaster, ex fermento, caricis, caepis, columbin. stercor. add. butyr. pingued. galin. axungia suilla, rec. ol. lilior. vel Amygd d. If by these attractors the part be made more hot, and the pain greater, intermit them by times, applying a Cataplasme of white bread, lan. succid. vel ungu. dialthaea. If the part be not capa­cious enough to receive the diseased matter, as it seldome is, then derive part of it by applying vesicatories to the neck, oft exhibiting diaphore­ticks. The matter being called to the external parts, is to be suppurated by applying a Cataplasme of the roots of French Mallowes, Lilies, Figs, Linseed, axungia & ol. praedict. composit. The tumor being suppurat­ed, [Page 205] is to be opened, and the residue of the matter is to be concocted by continuing the foresaid Cataplasme, or Emplast. crocatum, vel diachyl. cum gum. the Ʋlcer is to be cleansed with Turpentine, Yelkes of Egges, and Oile of Roses; keeping it long o­pen with Tents, that so the venome may be sufficiently purged, and after this cicatrise. This is to be obser­ved, if the Tumor so increase, that there is great danger of suffocating, it's to be opened before perfect ma­turation; for so some part of the mat­ter is discharged, the tumor lessened, and that danger escaped also; if malignity so abound, that it over­comes nature; the tumor is to be o­pened, yea, before maturation; for so the venome, expiring oft health followes: Upon the same account buboes are so to be dealt with, and cured as the former; these, if great and eminent, if they break forth presently at the beginning, and in the groynes, are more secure; but if livid and black, if they lie in the skin, if they be about the neck, or under the [Page 206] arme-pits, breaking forth the 3d. or fourth day more dangerous. But most dangerous when by reason of strength foiled they returne in. To these apply the cups as also to the former, every sixth houre for twice or thrice; after apply a Catapl. ex rad. raphan. & scorphul. Major. cum pauco sales & aceto, and after follow the course in parotis, and Parotis fol­lowing a maligne Feaver the ninth or tenth day, for most part procuring death, was cured with bleeding by repetition, beginning with ℥ij. or iij. and foure houres after drawing, ℥vj. and after both purging; all to whom this method was used were cured, This is to be noted; oft Parotes are critical, and profitably appeare, and by them the sick is delivered from death; i. e. when they happen in declinatio, and at their appearing symptomes remit, being in feavers lesse maligne; but if they be sympto­matical, and fall out in statu, they are mortal, and to these the foresaid medicins are to be used. In Car­buncles following maligne Feavers; [Page 207] if before their appearing sufficient blood hath not been drawn, or if the sick then can bear it, open the veines nearest the Carbuncle, that so there may be made the greater attra­ction to the part affected, after scarifying the Tumor round about, deep foment it with salt water, hot; that so the concretion of the blood may be hindered, and be made more apt to flow; then presently apply upon the mid'st of the pustle a graine of Cavstick, and to the whole tumor this Cataplasme. ℞. fol. rutae, & sca­bios. contus. an. Mj. ficuum siccar. contus. par. iij. fermenti acris ℥j. piper. pul. ʒj. vitel. ovor. Nti. Misc. f. Catapl. Let it be applied for two dayes, after apply this ℞. succor symphyti major. scabios. calendul. an. ʒj. Theriac. veter. ℈iiij. sal. ʒj. vitel. ovor. nii, Mi­sce, after the tumor is come to the increase, lest the maligne matter flow to the inward parts again, anoynt a­bout it twice aday cum vngu. boli. but upon the escar. that the fal therof may be procured, apply ungu. Basi­lic. cum Butyr. aut axung. suil. permix­ta, [Page 208] after it's fallen, cleanse the Ʋlcer with this, ℞ succor. calendulae, absinth. scabios. & apii, an. ℥j. Myrrh. elect. rad. irios Florent. aloes, sarcocol. an ʒj. Mel. ros. ℥ij. f. ungu. continue this to the end of the Cure.

CHAP. II. Of the small Pox and Measles.

THese being contagious and kil­ling many, are fitly referr'd to maligne and pestilential Feavers. The first are pustles, coming to ripe­nesse. The second are small tubercles with intense rednesse, like an erysipe­las, [Page 261] which within five or seven days are discussed without maturating, both these are accompanied with a continual Feaver; these have their companions, of which hereafter Signes Signes. of their presence are needless. Those that threaten are pain of the back, neck and head, with heaviness of the eyes, itching of the nose, shortnesse of breathing, dry cough, beating in the forehead and tem­ples, sometimes delirium, trembling and convulsion, beating of heart, neezing often, hoarsenesse, heat, rednesse, and pricking in the whole body; troublesome sleep, sorrow, and restlesnesse, shining and itching of the eyes, voluntary teares, tumor of the face with a little rednesse. These symptomes being often as ve­hement in the beginning as in the state. Urine sometimes like health­ful, the vicious matter being thrust out to the habit of the body; other­whiles filthy from the great ebulliti­of the humours.

Cause internal, is the impurities of the mothers blood, which the In­fant [Page 262] in the womb draws in in the last moneths, the purer being not suffici­ent, this being attracted into the whole fleshie substance, is then hid insensibly for some yeares, yea some­time many. Now when nature cannot any longer suffer these impurities, it begins by ebullition to foment them like new must. By that ebul­lition the pure is separated from the impure, the impure by a cer [...]ain cri­sis is thrust out, and the heat com­municated to the heart kindles a Feaver. This is to be obser [...]ed, there's found in the masse of blood a double excrement, the one thick, the other thin; Of the first is gene­rated the pox; of the second the measls; although they are both infect­ed by one and the same ill quality. Ex [...]ernal causes are either contagion, as when a body so diseased, commu­nicates the disease to another, call'd infection, or the aire, from the in­flux of the planets or other causes, corrupting or disturbing the hu­mours, and as the aire analogizeth so it produceth the pox or measles, [Page 263] whence they are sometimes more rife one then another. Now both these, although they break forth in the whole body, yet more abundant­ly in the face, feet and hands, con­trary to the spots in Feavers, which rather appear in breast and back, the account of the difference is, the pox arising from the ebullition of the blood, the original whereof being the liver, it makes expulsion to the foresaid parts as its emunctories; which appears by this, that the more hot the liver is, the more red and pustly the face is: and there's also perceived more intense heat in the palmes of the hands, and soles of the feet, the expulsion being the greater to those parts. Whereas the spots in maligne Feavers arise from the heart affected: whence they break forth near the heart especially, and in the loyns, because the hollow vein ascending, and the Artery is neare; besides, the spots often appear the se­venth day symptomatically, rendering the disease worse, whereas the small pox and measles appear the third or [Page 264] fourth day from the beginning of the Feaver, Critically, and that safe.

Progn. Prognosticks. If they break forth quickly, easily, and come speedily to ripening. If the Feaver be gentle, the symptomes be milde, and after their breaking forth, remits or dimi­nisheth. If the voice be free, breath­ing easie, especially if the pox be red, white, distinct, soft, few, round, sharp top't, be only in the skin, and not in the internal parts, and if there preceded a large bleeding at the nose, there's good hope; for these shew the diseased matter to be little, obsequious, benigne, and nature strong and sufficient to expel them, but if they either difficultly appear, or go in again, if they are blew, green. livid, hard, all in one, if after they break forth, the Feaver lessens not. If there be swooning, difficulty of breathing, great thirst, quinsey, grief, unquietnesse, doubtful. If a flux of the belly happen after they break forth, if the urine be bloody, or pure blood be cast forth by the belly, or by the gums, nose, and o­ther [Page 265] parts deadly, if therewith be complicated a spotted fever, and the spots be livid, dangerous.

Cure is secondly, either preserva­tive, which in those of age is per­fected, by opening a veine, purge­ing, and flying the contagion. In Infants only use the last, or curative, this consists, First, in the mitigating of the ebullition; and here bleeding, (if blood any what abound, and age will bear it,) is excellent; it's to be performed the first day, if this hath been neglected, it may be profitably done before they break forth, or at their first beginning to appear, which is usually the fourth day from the assault of the Feaver, but with this caution; If at their appearing, the Feaver and other symptomes dimi­nish, then forbear, leaving the whole businesse to nature, which will be able to expel its enemy. But if then the Fever be more intense, there be anxiety, difficulty of breath­ing, the urine be thick and red, and other symptomes appear vehement; it's a signe nature is overburden'd [Page 266] with the humour; so that it cannot fitly expel it. Here bleeding is ne­cessary, by which portion of the burden being removed the rest is more easily expell'd. But in a word, in these diseases, there's a double ebul­lition of blood, one is perfect, i. e. when only the impure part of the blood is putrified, and is by nature so purg'd that the whole masse is left pure; here bleeding is needlesse, for then the pox are more safe, and oft­en cur'd without the help of a Phy­sician: the other is corrupt, i. e. when both the excrementitious part of the blood, and the masse it selfe is putrified, hence there's the more danger, and here bleeding is neces­sary. This ebullition happens when these diseases generally reign, and are stir'd up from a malign constitu­tion of the aire; and those are som­times the fore-runners of the plague, and are reckoned amongst acute diseases, viz. ending in fourteen days, and here the fourth day is account­ed the beginning, the increase is drawn forth to the seventh, the state to the [Page 267] eleventh, and the declination to the fourteenth, in which time the pox are usually dri'd, yet that sometimes is not till the twentieth day; where­as in the other the beginning is the first day, the increase the second, the state the third, the declination at the fourth, for then the Fever and other symptomes remit. But to return; in the corrupt ebullition, bleeding is so necessary, that the tender age of children is not to hinder: it may safely be used at foure yeares of age, and not seldome at three: the Pa­ris-Physicians do use it to sucking children, though this cannot be ap­proved If that youngnesse hin­der, and the fit time be past, then the abundance of blood is to be remo­ved by cups, with scarifications, ap­pli'd to the back, scapula's, and thighs, which also much profits in the state of the disease, for by them the mo­tion of nature is helped in its expul­sion, from the center to the circum­ference; but beware in children sca­rifications be not too deep, for there­by the veines being divided, the hot [Page 268] blood will flow out so violently, that it will be difficultly staid. Purging here is suspected, as hindering na­ture in expulsion, and drawing the matter flowing outward, inward: for whosoever having the pox, are assaulted with a flux of the belly, the pox suddenly returns, and oft procures death, yet notwithstanding purging is very profitable before the pox appear, and the Fever be too vi­olent, viz. when, as it were, chil­dren are falling into a neutral e­state. Then if cacochymia abound, its good to abate it, that so nature may the more chearfully thrust out it's adversary; but if either the pox appear, or there be great malignan­cy, (as in an epidemical season,) Purging is very pernicious. Those that are used are to be benigne, as rubarb, cassia, manna, tamarinds, sy­rup of roses, &c. in the whole course of the disease, if the belly be bound, it's to be moved very gently, and not provoked with suppositories of honey alone without salt, or a glister of broth, milk, or decoction of [Page 269] barley, raisins and liquorish, with sugar and yolks of egges.

The second work is to help nature to expel, and this is to be done, not only with specificks, which turne out the humours to the skin, but also dia­phoreticks, and alexipharmicks, e­specially if the pox be epidemical, and partake of great malignity, To ex­pel ℞ figs ℥ vij. lentils skin'd ʒ iij. gum lac. ʒ ijs. gum tragacanth. and fennel-seed, each ʒ ij. boyle them in fountain-water, till a third part be wasted, and give of it to drink; some adde saffron gr. xv. and currants ʒ v. the saffron fortifies, and opens, the currants fortifie the liver, &c. Or, ℞ roots of fennel, and sorrel, each ℥ j. harts-horn shaved, ℥s. leaves of sca­bious, scordium & St. Johnswort, each M j. figs N. 6. gum lac. ʒ iij. nape­seed, and of carduus benedictus, each ʒ ij. lentiles skin'd, ℥s. gum traga­canth. ʒ js. boile them in fountaine-water to lb js. take of the straining ℥ iij with ℥ j. of the syrup of lemons; give it twice or thrice a day. Or the following, which is experiment­ed, [Page 270] and easie, ℞ clear posset-drink of Ale, lb j. boyle therein marigold flowers three spoonfuls, figs sliced N. iij. citron seeds bruised N. xij. a little saffron tied up in a fine linen cloth, but let all be boil'd a good while, af­ter strain it, and so give of it to drink daily, till danger be past. Or, ℞ seeds of watercresses, and columbines, each ʒ j. shavings of harts-horn, ʒs. red coral and pearles prepar'd, each ℈ j. make them into pouder, and give a ʒs or ʒ j. decoct. ficuum, Minfich. or Gascons powder with bezoar are excellent. If malignity be very forcible, as it's common when the pox are epidemical, then appoint alex­ipharmacons, as confectio de hyacinth. bezoar, &c. such as are appointed in maligne fevers, and you are not to omit such cordials, as fortifie both inward and outward parts, this is to be observed; medicines expelling are not to be used in all that's sick, for so it may cause the Pox to come forth too violently: and here the ebullition of the blood is to be con­temperated, lest it procure death. [Page 271] To bridle which ℞ barley, p. 1. roots of five leaf, and tormentil, each ℥ j. leaves of sorrel, endive, and wood sorrel, each M. j. lentils skin'd ℥s. gum, tragacanth, ʒ j. boile them in water, lb ij. to lb j. in the straining dissolve syrup of lemons, or citrons, ℥ iiij make a julep for foure times, to be taken twice a day. For ordinary drink, use barley-water and sorrel-roots, which continue, until the heat be somewhat remitted, and after that use such as expel.

The third work is to defend the parts, which are either inward, as the guts, liver, and spleen, which are defended with the first decoction, the lungs are secured with conserve of roses, violets, syrup of jujebs, violets, myrtles, and of dri'd roses; also this, ℞. syrup of violets, jujebs and dri'd ro­ses, each ℥ j. syrup of poppies ℥s. mixe them, using it oft, licking it by degrees from a spoon. Or, ℞. lent. skin'd, and finely beaten ʒ iij, white poppy seed, ℈. j. conserve of ro­ses ℥ ij. julep of roses sufficient to make a looch. If a violent flux rush [Page 272] into the lungs, and procure hoarse­nesse and suffocation, the foresaid remedies are not only to be used, but it's to be revell'd by cups with, and without, scarifications, and bleeding, if necessary, but with mature con­sideration. In this case, for ordi­nary drink is to be given the decoction of barley, jujebs, and liquorish; or this, ℞ seeds of marsh-mallowes, mellons, gourds, and white poppies, each ʒ ij. raisins cleansed, and jujebs, each N. viij. boile them in lb ij. of water, till half be wasted, in which dissolve conserve of roses, and violets, each ℥s. species diatragacanth. frigid. ʒ iij. sugar can­dy, and of roses, each sufficient to make a licking. The roof of the mouth and throat may be defended before the Pox break forth with this. ℞. French barley, p. 1. leaves of plantain, M ij. red roses, p. 1. pomegranate-flow­ers, seed of sumach, each ʒij. boile them in lb ij. of water, till the third part be wasted, in the straining dis­solve syrup of raspis, and pomegranates. each ℥ j. mixe them and make a gar­garisme. If children be so young, [Page 273] as that they cannot use a gargarism, then use a lambative of syrup of mul­berries, pomegranates, or of dri'd roses, either alone, or mixt with rose-water, which use oft in a spoon. If the flux from the abundance cannot be stay­ed, and so danger of suffocation be threatened. To lubrifie the passages, and help excretion, use this, ℞. mucilage of fleawort-seeds, and oile of sweet Almonds new drawn, each ℥ js. white sugar candy, ℥ ij. mixe them and make a lincture, giving it every hour. If through the acrimony of the flux, or abundance of Pox the mouth be ulcerated, it's to be cleansed with barley-water, and honey of roses or a­lum-water. Or this I have used suc­cessefully, water-vineger so mixt, that it offend not by its acrimony, sweetening of it with sugar, if these ulcers grow putrid, to the former may be added, mel Aegyptiacum, i. e. the honey-part that flows on the top of the unguent. Outward parts are, especially the eyes, which are chiefly to be preserved from the Pox, for they being endu­ed with a soft and humid substance, [Page 274] the matter of the Pox is easily driven to them, whence most grievous evils happen, yea, sometimes losse of sight it self; therefore, before they break forth, or whilest they begin to appear, moisten the eyes with the waters of plantaine and roses, in which a little saffron hath been dissolv'd. Or this which preserves powerfully, ℞. waters of roses and plantain, each ℥ js. powder of the seeds of sumach ʒ ij. infuse them, and strain them hot with many expressions, to the straining adde camphor ℈s. saffron gr. v. and make a colyrium, which will be more effectual, if in stead of the waters, the juice of plantain & shepherds purse, be purifi'd and mixed with the rest; If the pustles do begin to arise in the eye it self, doves blood is oft to be drop't in, that they may speedily be dissolv'd. Or ℞ rose water, ℥j. of eye-bright ℥s. troch. alb. Rhasis, ʒ j. tutia prepar'd, ℈ j. camphire, gr. v. saffron, gr. iij. make an eye-water, with which moisten the eye very often, with a fine rag. If the eyes be so tumifi'd, that they cannot be open'd, they are [Page 275] to be wash't oft with a decoction of the seeds of lin. fenugreek, quinces and mallowes, or warme milk. If in the eye there seem to be clouds, they are to be clensed with sugar candy most finely powdered. If the eye be ul­cerated, ℞ white lead wash't. ʒ iij. sarcocol. ʒ j. gum tragacanth. ℈ j. opium gr. ij. with mucilage of gum tra­gacanth, drawn with plantaine, make troches, which dissolve in womens milk or rose-water, to use. To preserve the nose use noduls of sanders and camphire; dipt in rose-vineger, or smell oft to vineger alone: or make tents, which dip in the colyrium, made with juice of plantain, and shepherds purse, and put them up the nose. If for all this the Pox be got into the nose, that the crusts may fall quickly, anoint them with oyle of sweet almonds, if there hap­pen ulcers, apply a liniment, fram'd of the yolks of egges, & juice of plantain, being mixed long in a leaden mortar. To preserve the face, some have used rose-water and other astringents, but very unfitly▪ for great portion of [Page 276] the impurities being sent to the face, which from the loosenesse and moistnesse of the skin, is apt to re­ceive them, are by this means, not only kept in, but also thereby nature is hinder'd in its motion; therefore when the Pox appear, they may be anointed twice a day with oyle of sweet Almonds, to help on their ripening, and being ripe, which is discerned by a spot in the middle, o­pen them with a gold or silver needle, or rather let them break of themselves, however the oyle is to be used, till such times as the crusts fall off, for it qualifies the sharpness of the choler, ripens and hastens the fall of the crusts, which otherwise would lodge the matter under them, and so deeply ulcerate the skin; oile of new nuts, newly drawn without fire, mixed with a like quantity of rose wa­ter, and reduc'd to a liniment, is most efficacious. I have with good suc­cesse used oile olive ℥ ij. and carduus­water. ℥ js. mixt together. After which few scars have remain'd, if through the neglect of these or the [Page 277] like medicines, notable scars remain, it's to be help't as much as may be with the oyle of yolks of egges, and sheeps sewet. For filthy scars, first wash the face with water of bean­flowers, or water distill'd from cowes dung in May, after anoint them with mans grease. Or, ℞ oil of sweet almonds, and white lilies, each ℥ i. ca­pons grease, ʒ iii. powder of the roots of piony, oris, and lytharg. of gold, each ℈ s. sugar candy ℈ i. mixe all these well to­gether in a hot mortar, and strain it hard thorow a linen cloth, and anoint the places morning and night, and after wash them well with the water distill'd from calves feet, or in want thereof, some of the foresaid wa­ters.

The fourth and last businesse is to remove symptomes, which are vari­ous, as itch and exulceration, especial­ly in the palmes of the hands, and soles of the feet, by reason of the compactnesse of the skin hindering their eruption, to help which hold those parts in hot water, or foment them long in an emollient decoction. [Page 278] If itch fall out in the face, which causeth the sick to scratch, whence followeth notable scars, use this, ℞ leaves of po [...]itary, M i. flowers of chamomile, and melilot, each p. s. boile them in lb j. of scabious water, in the straining adde wood-binde water, in this being hot moisten some cotton, or fine lint, often moistening the itching Pox therewith. Ʋlcers that arise from maligne and eating Pox, are to be cur'd with white ointment camphorated. Or, ℞. burnt lead- ℥ ii. litharge. ℥ i. white lead wash t, and vineger, each ℥s. oyle of roses, ℥ iii. honey of roses. ℥ i. three yolkes of egges, myrrh. ℥s. waxe sufficient. to make an ointment; for convulsion, epilepsy, palsey, hearing hurt, inflam­mation of the eyes, &c. See in their proper chapters; only if a bloody flux accompany, wherein oft the Pox be­come deprest, the following is ad­mirable. ℞ the roots of five leafe, and tormentil, each ℥ i. leaves of pimper­nel, and scordium, each M i. yellow sanders, and shaving of ivory, each ʒ ii. boile them in water, to ℥ xii. in ℥ iii. [Page 279] of the straining dissolve aq. naphae, and of roses, each ℥s. troch. viper. ℈ i. bezo­ar, gr. iiii. make a potion: which give to those that are greater, at one draught twice a day, but to such as suck, give of it often in a spoon.

The Measles require the same cure with the Pox, only observe there's in the masse of blood a double excre­ment, the one thick, the other thin, the measles is from the last, which it may be is the cause of their discussi­on, without maturation. To these are referr'd, first pustles of the bignesse of lupins, without rednesse, inflam­mation or fever, being white, and fill'd with serous humours, these af­ter three dayes break and die, and are seldome dangerous, there are o­ther tubercles, as some red, invading with heat, and dry cough, other like red spots burnt, &c. which have no­thing singular in the cure.