POmpey a Roman Generall, having ſubdued Jeruſalem, and other Cities divided by the ambition of the Princes of the Jewiſh Common-wealth; Ariſtobulus endeavoring to get Cities from Jaxus's Kingdom, who was high Prieſt, & having quieted all in France, and overcame Tygranes who was choſe King by the Sirian Princes, (which had their Countries alotted them by Alexander, ſon of Philip of Macedon, who overcame Darius, and brought the Empire into Greece,) Pompey then returned to Rome in Italy, part of Europe ſuppoſed to be built by Romulus who kild his brother Rhemus his copartner, which City is ſaid at firſt to have been fifty miles round, but was laid in heapes by the Goths, now it ſtandeth lower upon the bank of Tiber, and is narrower in its bounds, it was built upon ſeaven hills, and hath had ſeaven changes of Government, Kings, Conſulls, Dictators, Senators, &c. It was a place where the heathen Wits and Phyloſophers reſorted. Pompey fell after to Warrs with Julius Caeſar his kinsman, another Roman general, both ſtriving for ſole power, and Pompey not laying down arms at the Senates decree, Caeſar overthrew him, who fled into Egypt, where the King fearing to harbour him, ſlew him.

Julius Caeſar getting the power after he had overcome Pompey's ſons, choſe Senators, conferred honors and offices upon his party, but this bred him hatred of the Senate, many conſpired againſt him; a Souldier being taken by him, was askt how he durſt goe againſt his Oath, who told Caeſar, I was as faithfull to you as any, before you became ſo bad, that I ſaw there was no way to mend you but to rid you out of the world; at laſt hew as thruſt threw in the Senate, by thoſe he had ſhewed moſt kindneſs to, the Senate burning his body.

Octavius Auſtus, Caeſars ſiſters ſon, was adopted, he is joyned with two Conſulls, with a Proconſulls power, he overcame Antonius that obtained the government of France, in which fight Caeſars two Conſulls was ſlain, after which he gets higher, and overcoming Brutus and Antonius again, Caeſars Navie being above three hundred Ships, he became Emperor of Reme; Tiberius obtained to be Tribune for five years. In the two and forty year of Julius Caeſar Chriſt came into the world, at which time the Temple of Janus was ſhut up, Judea now paid Tribute, and Herod was made Kings, the Scepter departing from Judah, at Meſſias coming is foretold, which Herod was an Idumean, a Jew by profeſſion, but not by ſtock, firſt ſet up Leftenant in Gallilee by Caeſar, whoſe Sollicitor was Herods father; & Herods brother Ariſtobulus was made high Prieſt: Herod dying obtained the Tetrarchy of Judea for his ſon Archelaus, when Joſeph returned from Egypt, and dwelt at Nazereth.

Tilerius Néro the formers ſon in Law, was choſe by the Senate, who at firſt ſeemd hard to be perſwaded to it; he acted with his Senate, but after ruled with robbery, luſt and arrogancy, kild a Senator that made him his Heir to have his goods, ſent & ordered Piſo, as is ſuppoſed, to poyſon Germanicus, who did brave exployts for the Romans, and ſent a letter to the Senate againſt one he had made Knight, who was thrown down from a high place headlong. In the fifteenth year of Tiberius Chriſt was baptiſed, lead into the wilderneſs, faſted forty dayes, and began to preach. About four years after, Chriſt ſuffered voluntary pains on the Croſſe, which Pilate deputy of Judea ſignified, and his miracles to the Senate, but they would not acknowledge him God, becauſe the people had worſhipt him ſo before. When Chriſt was carried back to Heaven, and the Holy Ghoſt fell upon his Diſciples, who openly preacht what they had ſeen, the Jewes waxt hot and ſtoned Stephen, but Saul, ſtrucken down, became an eminent ſervant of Chriſt.

Caius Caligula hated the Jewes, becauſe they would not build Temples, Altars, and offer ſacrifice to him, his dependers was great haters of the Chriſtians, Pilate that paſt ſentence on Chriſt fell into a tormenting diſeaſe; and to end his miſerable life killed himſelf. Herod that beheaded John the Baptiſt was baniſht, and died in penurie at Lions in France. Caius was killed by his own guard.

Claudius reduced many Countries by war, to the Roman Monarch, among others England, marrying his daughter to the King thereof; he puniſht with death two of the former Emperors guard or ſervants for killing their maſter: There was a Council in his time, where was Peter and Paul and the Elders of Jeruſalem: He was poyſoned by his wife to prepare for her ſon Nero.

Domitous Nero at firſt paſt his time well, but after became abominably wicked, tormented to death his own mother begun the perſecution of Chriſtians; now Peter and Paul ſuffered Martyrdom, at which time the Goſpel ſpread abroad, when it is ſaid Joſeph of Arimathea came into England. Nero's cruelty cauſed troubles in the Senate▪ & divers Countries to riſe up againſt him, eſpecially the Jewes; he put many Noble men to cruell death, at laſt the Senate condemned him to be whipt to death, upon which he fled and killed himſelf.

Flavius Vaſpaſian, While others contending to be Emperor, who were cut off, he was choſe by the Roman Army: Now there was a Comet and ſeveral ſignes appeared of the Jewes coming calamities; his forces ſpoild the Jewes at Alexandria, then at Damaſcus, after beſieg'd and brought Jeruſalem to the deſolation foretold; but the Chriſtians warn'd of God fled beyond Jordan, and dwelt at Decapolis, only Timothy and other Chriſtians at Epheſus was put to death; but the Jewes was ſome fold, ſome tore in peeces by wild beaſts, others by infection and famine was dreadfully devoured.

Titus Vaſpaſian was an enemy to extortors, a lover of liberality; that day he had not done ſome good in, he accounted loſt. He gently admoniſht two that had conſpired againſt him, and uſed them ſo lovingly▪ that they repented: the Jewes being ſubdued, he had much peace.

Flavius Domitian perſecuted Chriſtians, baniſht John to Patmos, hearing of Chriſts kingdome he feared, but ſeeing two of Judas's nephews diſcourſing of the world to come to be poor, he contemned them; he was ſo impatient of labor, arm, government, that he would uſe to be in a gallery pricking flies; one asikng what company was with the Emperor, was anſwerd, not a fly; ſome of his friends and others conſpired his death, one pretending buſineſs ſtab'd him, at which the Senate rejoyced, ordering his name ſhould not be remembred.

Nerva was for his wiſdome choſe by the Senate, he releaſed many Chriſtians, John returned from Patmos, he took away impoſitions, forbad ſlanders, as alſo making Eunuchs, he brought up poor mens childdren, reſtored goods unjuſtly gotten, died of a ſweat, through coller againſt a Senator.

Trajanus the adopted ſon of Nerva a Spaniard, was fair in carriage at firſt, and beloved, yet perſecuted the Chriſtians with great pains, which they bore with much patience, one was Simon the Apoſtle. The Deputie of Bithanie troubled in mind for ſlaying Chriſtians, informed the Emperor how holily the Chriſtians liv'd, and zealouſly they worſhipt Chriſt, which mitigated the Emperors fury.

Adrian, A Biſhop, and an Oratour writing for the Chriſtian Religion, the Emperor made a new edict for perſecution; the Jews followed a pretended Meſſias one Barcohebas, the Emperor baniſht them from their native ſoil, he at laſt had a mind to build a Church for the Chriſtians void of Images, but was hindred by his friends.

Antonius Verus took much care of his people in famine: Juſtin Martyrs writings for the Chriſtian Religion was read in the Senate: This Emperors death was much lamented, the Romans ſacrificed to him, and canonized him for a God.

Marcus Aurelius was for wiſdome eſteemed a Phyloſopher, yet Martyrd Policarpus and Juſtinius, but was molified a little by the Biſhop of Lions, and God ſending raine to his army in diſtreſs, upon the prayers of his Chriſtian ſouldiers, and fire and thunder upon his enemies, he wrote to the Senate to deal gently with the Chriſtians,

About this time William Duke of Normandy Conquer'd England, the Danes came and Conquered Etheldred, the ninth Saxon King, and the King of Denmark left his ſon to rule, but Edmond called Ironſide, Etheldreds ſon ſet up himſelf after his fathers death, and warr'd with Canutus the new King of the Danes, after many bloudy battels, the two Kings fighting hand to hand, they devided the Nations, but Etheldred was murthered by one that thought to be preferd by Canutus, who cauſed him to be tormented to death, and Canutus married Etheldreds widow, and had a ſon by her call'd Hardie, and was now King of England, Scotland, Denmark, and Norway, but Hardie reſiding in Denmark, another ſon of Canutus by a former wife, ſets up himſelf, who diſplaced the Engliſh out of offices, baniſht his Mother-in-Law, and put her youngeſt ſon to death, after, this King dying, his brother Hardy poſſeſſes the Crown, but died in the midſt of his Cupps at a marriage feaſt. Edward the remaining ſon of Etheldred was brought into England, married the Earl Bodwins daughter, but died without iſſue, he left the Crown to Edgar, grandchild to Edmund Ironſide, and ſwore Bodwins ſon now Regent to be true to him, but Harold, Bodwins ſon; got himſelf Crowned, upon which the King of Norway came to incounter them with a great Army, at which time William Duke of Normandy with a compleat Army came into England claiming a right to the Crown by Edward the Confeſſors gift; Harold having the better of the King of Norway, yet waſting his Army, William in a battle (where fell 66654. Engliſh with Harold, having reigned not four months) Conquered him and the kingdome, in whoſe Line the Crown continued till King Richard the ſecond, who by deſoluteneſs of life entertaining bad Counſellers, loſt the love of his Subjects, againſt whom his Nobles took Armes, but he conſenting to bring the evill Counſellers to be puniſhed by law, the Barrons caſhier their forces. The King apprehended ſeveral on a conſpiracy; the Duke of Norfolk and Hartford impeaching one another ready to fight a Dewell was baniſht, but after when the King was ſubduing his enemies in Ireland, Hartford now Duke of Lanceſter by his fathers death, came into England, the Nobility and Gentry reſorting to him, who ſummoned a Parliament, the King not able to reſiſt them, yeelded the Crown to the Duke, the King being ſent to Ponfret Caſtle and diſpatcht, which bred woful wars; after three or four Kings reigns, Edward the fourth of the houſe of York, by a war where was ſlain thirty ſix thouſand men, got the kingdom, where it continued till Henry the ſeaventh kill'd Richard the Third, and he marrying the Heir of York, reconſiled both houſes

Commodus put many Chriſtians to death, even of noble birth; he had three hundred Concubines, ſome of which conſpiring his death was executed, but after by a pretended friend he was poyſoned, to the joy of the Romans.

Pertinax was an enemy to riot; and meerly for brideling of diſorders, a tumultuous company with halberds went and ſlew him.

Didius Julianus bought the Emperors Throne of the ſoldiers, who offered it to ſail, but one pretending a title, he that pretended to it was proclamed, and Julian ſlaine by command from the Senate.

Severius perſecuted the Chriſtians, charging them with ſacriledge and Rebellion, being ſtird up to this by the Jewes; the father of Origen was beheaded, and many in Carthage: a Captain going to execute a Virgin, who prayed to God to turne his heart, died himſelf for the Faith, this Emperor was ſlain at York by the Northern men.

Baſſinus and Geta, the firſt ſlew the other his brother, put to death a lawyer for not juſtifying his Murther, married his mother in Law, was ſlain by Macrimus.

Macrimus was choſe Emperor, took his ſon for his companion, but not coming to Rome to govern, and living in luſt, was beaten, fled, and purſued, was found ſick, void of all favour, he and his ſon was put to death, and the Conqueror made Emperor.

Heliogabalus was a belly God, worſhipt and built a Temple to the Sun, and would have had the Chriſtians who was now grown numerous to make their prayers there: He appointed a Senate of women about obſcene matters, had followed him many Chariotts of Bands and harlots; he ordered that buſineſs which ſhould be done by day, to be done by night; he ſtudied to find out untaſted dain • ies; for his lewd courſes the Pretorian ſoldiers murthered him, drew his dead body through the ſtreets, and flung it into Tiber.

Alexander Severus the adopted Son of the former, delighted in wiſe Counſellers, puniſhed a flatterer with ſmoak, yet martyrd many Chriſtians▪ ſome of them Senators: The Judge that paſt ſentence againſt Agapetus died ſuddenly: The Emperors mother was inſtructed in the Faith by Origen, who obtaind favour for the Chriſtians, afterward the Emperor was inclined to receive the Faith of Chriſt, but perſwaded from it by his Prieſts: he was much taken with that ſaying of the Chriſtians, doe as you would be done by.

Maximinus was of baſe parentage, huge and ſtrong, eating forty pound weight of fleſh a day, drinking ſix gallons of wine; he was promoted to honour by the Emperor Severus: This Maximinus was ſaluted by the Army without the Senate; he was more cruell to the Citizens of Rome, then their enemies, he perſecuted the Chriſtian Teachers. Origen wrote a book de Martyre, and dedicated it to the Paſtors of Caeſaria. This Emperor at a ſiedge was ſlain, and his Son, by his own Souldiers, who he got before to kill Severius and his Mother.

Gordianus and his Son having reigned not two moneths, was both ſlain; the Emperor, it is ſuppoſed, poyſond by his Captain General: in his time a Earthquake deſtroy'd many Cities.

Philip was Baptized by the Biſhop of Rome, he put himſelf among the penitents, and bewailed his having a hand in the former Emperors death: Decius one of his Captains flew him, and reigned.

Decius put to death divers Chriſtians, baniſht the Biſhops of Jeruſalem and Carthage; Origen fearing, offer'd to the Idoll, but bitterly repented, was excommunicated the Church of Alexandria. This Tyrant Emperor perſecuted in Africa and Europe, but being overcome by the Scythians or Goths, flying, caſt himſelf into a pit and died.

Gallus followed Dcius in perſecution, about which time great deſolation was made in the world by the peſtilence; one of his Captains behaving himſelf valiantly in an overthrow againſt the Goths, being puft up, and the Emperor ſcorn'd, got himſelf to be Proclamed Emperor, and ſlew Gallus and his Son, who had reigned about three moneths.

Walerin and Galeuus Val: at firſt was very favourable to Chriſtians, but ſeduc'd by a Sorcerer, put to death three Biſhops of Rome; Lawrence a Deacon endured patiently to ſuffer on a broyling Iron. This Emperor at laſt was delivered into the hands of a King that trampled upon his neck; his Son ordered the return of the baniſht Chriſtians, who uſed to meet in plain places, knowing no Images but from the Gentiles or Pagans; they uſed to viſit their ſick enemies, whenas the Pagans was ready to thruſt out their half dead friends.

Claudius and Quintillian, the firſt much reformed the Commonwealth, was huge proſperous againſt the Goths, dying of a natural death, was plac'd by the Senate among the Gods: The ſecond hearing of Aurelianus being choſe Emperor, and perceiving he could not make his party good againſt him, died voluntarily of bleeding.

Aurelianus was of a ſoure nature, ſomething moderate at firſt, but after fell to perſecute Chriſtians; yet being frighted with a thunderbolt coming near him, he aſſiſted the Biſhops of Antioch in depoſing the heretick Samoſatanus, electing Domns in his room, who, as alſo the Biſhop of Antiocha, was married and had Children This Emperor ſubdued Germany, Gothicus, Siricus, & brought Zenobia priſoner to Rome in Chains of gold: This Emperor threatning his Secretary, was ſlain by him when the Emperor went with a ſmall guard; the Secretary after was caſt to the doggs.

Anius Tacitus was elected by the Senate, he was moderate in diet, he aboliſht abuſes at Rome, but dying, his brother Florian named himſelf Emperor; but another being choſe, Florian died voluntarily of bleeding.

Aurelius Probus ſubdued three others that named themſelves Emperors, one of which hang'd himſelf: This Emperor bringing peace to Rome, employed his ſouldiers in planting and other labors, but they Trayterouſly murthered him, to the grief of the Senate and people.

Carus, Carianus, and Numerianus, all continued but three years; Numerianus was ſlain by his Father-in-law, Carus by thunder, and Carianus in battel by Diocleſian, whom the Army declared Emperor, when Carianus liv'd.

Diocleſian choſe Maximinus his aſſiſtant, The Chriſtians now injoying both peace and credit, but yet abounding in ſin, in the 19. year of Diocleſians reign, the tenth bloody perſecution broke out againſt the Chriſtians, theſe Emperors ſetting themſelves utterly to exterpate the Chriſtian profeſſion, one in the Eaſt, the other in the Weſt, which perſecution laſted ten years. Diocleſian would be counted a God, commanded the people to kiſs his feet, he made Edicts for burning the Scriptures, impriſoning Chriſtian Biſhops, diſplacing Chriſtian Magiſtrates, deprived the people of liberty, commanded the ſoldiers to lay down armes or offer to Idolls, who ſaid they would lay down their lives too, rather then ſacrifice, but ſome he forc'd to impure offering, tormented and put to death twenty thouſand Chriſtians, who died ſinging of Pſalms; he beheaded the Biſhop of Antioch, many he burnt in a Church, hung women with their heads downward, burnt alſo a whole Town with all ſorts in it. He ſlew the Biſhop of Sidon, Presbyter of Tirus, ſpilt much blood in Germany, France and Italy, even to the colouring of Rivers, at laſt gave over killing, yet commanded Chriſtians right eyes to be put out, and left leggs maimed, they at laſt gave over their power to two others, one of which choſe his ſon to him, the other his two ſons; theſe two new Emperors devided their Domions; one had France, Spain, Britain, Maximinus was ſlain by Conſtantine.

Conſtantius and Galarius; Conſtant: accounted Chriſtians his beſt Subjects, he commanded the Souldiers to worſhip Idols, but turnd all out that did, ſaying, they that will be falſe to God, will be ſo to him: But Galarius in the Eaſt part of the world cruelly perſecuted the Chriſtians, but God ſending a diſeaſe of vermin ſtayd his hand; & he deſired the Chriſtians ſhould pray for him, but after again ingraves Edicts againſt them in braſs, puts to death the Biſhop of Emiſa and many others; the people was again viſited with woful diſeaſes, at laſt he made a law for the preſervation of Chriſtians, he being perſwaded by his charmers to make, war with Liſinus, and diſcomfited put to death his charmers; he died of ſickneſs, and the ſouldiers choſe Maxentius, who abuſed Senators wives, one killed her ſelf rather then would go to him; but the people ſent for Conſtantine, who got an Army in France and Brittain, came and overcame Maxentius, but Galarius Max: made Le • inus Emperor, who by fair pretences ſought to take away the life of Conſtantine, that had made Edicts for the Chriſtians, but failing, forced the Chriſtians to flie into woods, by his cruell Edicts, ſome he cut in peeces, ſome almoſt ſtarved with cold he then burnt, but Liſinus being at laſt overcome, yielded to Conſtantine.

Conſtantine the great was careful to procure the peace of Chriſtians, as well abroad as in his own Dominions, wiſhing Sapores the King of Perſia (who put ſeveral to death) to be friendly to Chriſtians, in whoſe religion nothing was to be blam'd, intimating in his letter how ill it faired with eight perſecuting Emperors; the King of Iberia crav'd of him to ſend Preachers thither; he lockt up the Idols Temples, and built Churches, diſcharged ſenſing before the people, ſuppreſt whores, puld down an Altar, the Pagans uſed to ſacrafice on at Fairs; being in peace, he built Conſtantinople in Thracia, and calld it Nova Roma, was baptized in the ſuburbs of Bithynia, fell ſick at Nicomedia.

Conſtantius, Conſtans, and Constantine jun: Conſtantius governed the Eaſt, the other two the Weſt, Conſtantine was ſlain after he had governed three years; Conſtans after thirteen years was ſlain in France by the Tyrant Magnentius, who Conſtantius forcing after to fly, Magnen: kill'd his Mother, Brother and ſelf. Constantius was infected with Arianiſm by a Prieſt at Court: and he ſent to ſlay Athanaſius who paſſed the midd'ſt of his Army undiſcernd; but Georgius an Arian Biſhop was ſeated in Alexandria, and fourteen Biſhops more was baniſht, and many Chriſtians cruelly tortured by Georgius; the Jewes reballed againſt this Emperor, but he leveld Dioceſaria to the ground, the Germans rebelling, his Couſen Julian having ſubdued them, got himſelf ſaluted Emperor, againſt whom Conſtantius going died, ſorrowing he had chang'd the Nicene Creed.

Julian was brought up in the Chriſtian Religion, but perverted by a Phyloſopher; he opend the dores of the heathen Gods, releiv'd thoſe he had before impriſon'd, he took away Chriſtians ſchools, laid taxations upon them, telling them when they complained, that Chriſt had told them, happy are them that ſuffer for righteouſnes ſake, He was vext to ſee how patiently they bared all wrong; he ſet up his own Image by the gods, that he might charge thoſe that would not bow with irreverence to him; he cauſed victualls to be ſprinkled with heatheniſh holy water: ſome Chriſtians had their bellies ript up; one was anointed with Hony, and expoſed to waſps: One that for revenge chawd a peace of liver of a Chriſtians that broke Images in the former Emperors time, had his teeth fell out of his mouth, and became blind. For in hatred of the Chriſtians, the Emperor gave leave for the Jewes to build the Temple at Jeruſalem to offer daily ſacrifice, but they was hindred by an earthquake, fire, mighty wind, and tempeſt: This Emperor in Warre with the Perſian, was ſhot with a dart, ſaying, thou Chriſt of Galilee haſt overcome me.

Jovinian was choſe by the Roman Army, he would not accept of the Empire till the Army owned the Chriſtian Religion, he made peace with the Perſian, yeelding ſome parts of Syria, though Julians weakning of his forces, reduced the Biſhops which was forc'd to lurk in holes, followed Athanatius Counſell, going to Conſtantinople died.

Valentian was a great ſufferer in Julians time, choſe now by the Army, he choſe his brother Valience to govern in the Weſt, favourd the Arians, ſhipped ſome other Chriſtians away, and cruelly cauſed them to be fired; he cauſed two Captains to have their bodies rent in peeces, by bowing down trees to the ground, for cauſing to be delivered their General, though a Tyrant that roſe up againſt him; his brother refuſed to help him againſt the Gothes, becauſe of his being an Arian; the Samaritans now invaded the Roman empire.

Gracianus gave the Empire of the Weſt to his brother Valentian, he reduced thoſe Biſhops that the Arian perſecutor Valens had baniſhed, he was ſlain by a uſurper, his brother was ſeduced by his Mother to be for the Arians; but in the Eaſt, Theodoſius that was choſe to aſſiſt Gracianus in his time fights, with Maximus, who was delivered into his hand, after with the Tyrant Eugenius, but by a mighty Tempeſt of wind, the darts of Eugenius Army were turned upon their own faces, upon which Eugenius fell down at Theodoſius feet, and begged pardon. Theodoſius was a lover of Chriſtians, and made a Law againſt Hereticks.

Arcadius governed in the Eaſt, was a meek and good Emperor, but not couragious, he was by an Arian Biſhop perſwaded to baniſh Chriſtians, whom the peoples affection cauſed him to recall, Gaina a private Souldier, was made Generall of Arcadius Army, who grew inſolent and affected the kingdome. Honarius the Emperors brother who reigned in the Weſt, met with a great deal of trouble, by reaſon of his Lieftenant affecting the kingdome in Affrick; and his father in law ſtirring up the Vandalls, and Burgundians to invade France, alſo 200000 Gothes and Hunnes came to Italy, but their General was ſurpriſed, there aroſe another party of the Gothes, which the Emperor made peace with, after which the Emperors father-in-law on purpoſe of ill to the Emperor fell upon them, which cauſed the Gothes to returne again to Rome, and the Emperor being without a General, he having ſlain his father in law for Treaſon, they took Rome, but in the midſt of burning, ſlaying, robbing, and military outrage, they ſaved ſuch as fled to Chriſtian Churches, afterwards they went towards France and Spaine.

Theodoſius the ſecond had the whole Government, he collected a great library of good bookes, was a meek perſon, in his houſe was red the Scriptures, and prayer, the Vandalls who were partly Pagans, and partly Arians cruelly perſecuted the Chriſtians in Affrick & the Hunnes much incumbred the Roman Empire, and the Emperor was fain to covenant with the Vandalls, and to aſſign them ſome places: There was a great fight betwixt the Weſtern Gothes and the King of the Hunnes, the Hunnes flee, the Goths who was now joyned with Valenſian, purſewing the Hunnes, Valenſians general hindred them, who for it was put to death, the Hunnes incouraged came back to Italy, but was perſwaded by the Biſhop to ſpare Rome. Theodoſius put a general to fight Tyrant Iohn, but the general and Ship was driven into a Town of Johns, but the generals Son paſſing a place never before drie, took the Town, ſlew the Tyrant, and releeved his father.

Martianus (after the Goths, Vandalls and other ſtrangers had much diſquieted the Roman Empire) was advanc'd by means of Theodoſius ſiſter, but reigned not long, his unkle Leo came next up, who interpoſed his power for the ſuppreſſing of the error of the Eutyſians, which Eutyſians were very cruell to many Chriſtian Biſhops; about this time was an earthquake that deſtroyed part of Antiocha.

Zeno, uſ'd to be dead drunk, an efeminate & irreligious man; favourd the aforeſaid error, reſtored their Biſhops, Baſiliſcus forces the Emperor to flie, and not out of love to truth, but hatred of him, undoes all he had done, the King of the Vandalls was an Arian, perſecuted the Chriſtian faith; many Jewes now followed on Moſes, but was deſtroyed, the King of the Vandalls was tormented with venomous boyles.

Anaſtius was a favourer of the Entyſians was ſtured up (contrary to his own inclination) by an heretical Biſhop, to ſlay many Chriſtians, the people of Antioch vexed hereat, fell upon ſome Entyſian Monks, by which means they had an Entyſian Biſhop put in their place.

Juſtinius the elder was a godly Emperor, reſtored good, baniſht bad Biſhops, cut out the tongue of an Entyſian, the King of the Goths killing among other Chriſtians a Roman Senator, he imagin'd he ſaw his face in a Fiſh-head at dinner, and was much terrified at it.

Juſtinian, was ſtrong for the Chriſtian faith of the four Counſells, he by Belliſarius overcame the Perſians, recoverd what his predeceſſors had loſt in Aſia, Africk, Europe, alſo Carthage, from the Vandalls, drove the King of the Gothes out of Italy, recoverd Sicile; but the Goths choſe another, King and recoverd Italy, but was beaten out again, one of the Emperors Captains angry with the Emperors Sons wife, ſends for the Longabards out of Panamia, who poſſeſſed themſelves of that part of Italy call'd Lumbardie. This Emperor abridged the Roman Laws, call'd a counſell about diſputations, moved Origens and Theodorus writings.

Juſtinus Jun: having his Dominions waſted, put on the Emperial robes on Tiberius, wiſhing him wiſely to governe the Roman Empire; the King of Perſia was now ſo high, that he would not admit of the Emperors Embaſſadors, but was ſubdued by the Emperor, who ſubdued alſo the Goths and Vandals; the King of Goths put to death his own Son for turning from Arianiſme.

Maritius (to whom Tiberius gave his Daughter and Kingdome) ſuffered twelve thouſand ſoldiers to be ſlain, through not parting with a little money to ranſome them, for which the ſouldiers brought him before Phocus, who they had choſe, who killd the Emperor and his Wife and Children.

Phocus reigned in Cruelty and Drunkenneſs; the Roman Empire was weakned by divers enemies; the Patriarch of Rome perceiving that the Patriarch of Conſtantinople was like to be the chief, he wrote againſt Supremaſie, but afterward being in great favour with the Emperor, he got him to ordain the Biſhop of Rome to be univerſal Biſhop, and the Church of Rome head over all Churches, which dignity was importunately begged, and with much contention obtain'd: This Emperor was overome by his Son-in-law and others, and brought to Heraclianus, who commanded his head and feet to be cut of, and ſtump burnt.

Heraclianus, the King of Perſia had now taken Jeruſalem, who gave the Jews leave to kill many thouſand Chriſtians, and would not have peace with the Emperor, without the Emperor would turn Pagan, but the Emperor ſubdued him, and regaind Jeruſalem; after this he fell into the hereſie of the Monotholites, and was given to inſeſt and curious arts: At this time begun the Monarchy of the Saraſens, a people of Arabia, who fought under the Emperor againſt the Perſian, but craving wages for their ſervices, was called Arabian doggs by the Emperors Treaſurer, upon which they choſe Mahomet their Captain, took Damaſcus, conquered Syria, Paleſtina, Egypt, Perſia, and conſulted with an Apoſtate Biſhop, and ſome Jewes, and ſet up a mixt Religion or Alcoran of Judaiſme, Chriſtianiſme, and Paganiſme, commanding all people that could be conquered by fire and ſword, to receive this doctrine; he overthrew a great army of the Emperors, the Emperor about renewing his Army died with grief.

Conſtantius was ſoon poyſoned by his fathers ſecond wives adviſe, that her Son might reign, but the Senate cut out her tongue, and her beautiful Sons noſe, and baniſht them; about this time the Saraſens took Caeſaria, and ſlew therein 7000 Chriſtians.

Conſtans revenged himſelf on them that conſpired his fathers death, and ſubdued one whom the Army choſe Emperor, cut off the noſes of his two brothers, becauſe their beuty ſhould not commend them; the Saraſens was now brought to pay tribute unto the Emperor, who though he was ſomething Heretical, yet calld a Counſell that utterly condemnd the Monotholites.

Juſtinian was cruell to the Citizens of Conſtantinople, but a Nobleman took him, cut off his noſe and baniſht him, and burnt two of his Counſellers in the belly of a braſen Bull, but the Souldiers being inconſtant they cut off the Noblemans noſe and put him into a Monaſtery, and choſe another, but the firſt Emperor by another Princes help recovers his power, ſlew both the other Emperors, and continuing cruel ſtill Philipicus got him ſlain by a ſervant.

Philipicus was declared Heretick by the Biſhop of Rome, for raſing pictures out of a Temple, had his eyes put out by Artemius his Secretary.

Artemius depoſeth the Patriarch of Conſtantinople, for not keeping the Faith. Theodoſius taking the Emperor, forc'd him to take the habit of a Monk, and Theodoſius reigned in his ſtead, but hearing of Leo's being choſen, went to a Monaſtery and gave over his governing.

Leo Iſaurus deſtroyed Images; the Biſhop of Rome forbad tribute to be paid him, excommunicated and diſauthoriſed him, ſent out curſes againſt him, and hot warrs there was between Emperor and Pope: This Pope Gregory the ſecond was reckoned a Conjurer, though the Lumbards had joyned with him in routing the Emperor, yet in ſharing he caſts to clear Italy to the Roman Sea; and to ingage Charles of France, he ſent him the keys of the holy Sepulcher, and St. Peters Chaine: This Pope decreed in a Senod that all that would not do religious honour to Images, ſhould be cut off from the body and blood of Chriſt. The Saraſens utterly deſtroyed the Gothes in Spain, but was beaten out of France with the loſs of three hundred thouſand.

Conſtantius Copronymus fighting againſt the Arabians, (the Senate, great favourers of Images) gave out the Emperor was dead, and choſe another, but he returned and won Conſtantinople, he gathered a general Counſel which condemn'd worſhiping of Images. The Turks and Scythians now invaded the Arminians and Saraſens, but the agreement was, that the Turks in Perſia, ſhould be called Saraſens, who alſo embraſed the Mahomitan Religion; the Pope and King of France overcame the Lombards.

Leo the former's ſon was zealous againſt Images, puniſht thoſe near him for worſhiping of them.

Irene the wife of Leo was depoſed by her ſon Conſtantius, but ſhe pluckt out both his eyes, and impriſoned him, where he died for grief; ſhe perſecuted thoſe that was not for Images of Saints and Fathers, ſhe was at laſt baniſht▪ and depoſed by Nicephorus, who raigned eight years after her; but now the famous Empire of the Eaſt was in a manner extinguiſht. Nicephorous treats with Charles the great, and contents himſelf with ſmall Dominions, beſides the Turks and Goths in the Weſt, and Hunnes and Lumbards had continued long in their ſeveral Dominions got from the old Empire.

Charles the great, he was firſt King of France, but declared and crown'd by Leo the third Biſhop of Rome, a prudent Emperor, a deteſter of worſhiping of Images, he fought againſt the King of Denmark and Bohemia, enemies to Chriſtians, he appointed his kinsman over Italy, and left his ſon Lodovicus Emperor.

Lodovicus called for his meekneſs pious, was crowned by the fourth Biſhop of Romet Barnard governor of Italy rebelled, but was beheaded, his ſons alſo rebelled, whom the Emperor pardoned; the Saraſens from Egypt invade Sicily, burning towns, and killing Prieſts; the Emperor with the Biſhop of Romes help, drove the Saraſens, away: the Biſhop of Ʋtrech, threatned to excommunicate the Emperor, if he would not leave his wife, becauſe ſhe was his kinswoman; this Emperor gave over his right in chooſing Pope to the Clergy and people of Rome.

Lotharius was anointed in St. Peter's Church by the Pope; his Brothers fell out about their fathers lands, which civill war ſo weakned the Nobility of France, that the Danes and Normans entred and troubled them for many years.

Lodovicus the Second, dying without Iſſue, his brother Charles King of France by liberal gifts obtain'd to be Emperor, but was poyſon'd by his Phyſitian a Jew; from the formerly great now ſmall Empire of the Eaſt, Michael Emperor of Conſtantinople, ſlew his brother, and thruſt his Mother and ſiſters into a Monaſtery.

Carolus Craſſus the Son of Lewis King of Germany, was forc'd to yeild to the Normans (who was very potent in France) that place toward the Brittiſh Sea called Normandy; the Emperor for negligence and ill government was depoſed, and Arnalphus his Nephew declared Emperor.

Arnalphus fought with the Duke of Spoleto, who flying, the Emperor beſiegeth his Wife who hired ſome of the Emperors ſervants to poyſon him.

Lodovicus the third, in his time the Saraſens invaded Italy, and the Hungers France; the King of the Saraſens in beſieging Conſentia was killd by thunder, and the reſt returned to Affrick.

Conradus deſired his brother to deliver after his death the Emperial Ornaments to the Duke of Saxony, as moſt fit for it, for wiſdome, it being a troubled State, which deſire of this Emperor his brother preferred before the Throne, and performed his will.

Henry Duke of Saxony was buſie a hunting, when the news came of his being made Emperor, he made Peace with the Hungers for nine years, after obtain'd a victory over them; and in thanks to God purged his Dominions of the ſin of Simonie; he fought alſo with the people of Daſmatia and Bohemians, and made them tributaries; he was called Pater Patriae.

Otho the firſt, the former▪ Son called a Councell, depoſed the Pope, the Romans making a ſedition, he return'd and puniſht them, after ordered that none ſhould be choſe Pope without the conſent of the Emperor; he was buried in a Church himſelf built. In the Eaſt Conſtantine had recover'd his Empire from the Romans again.

Otho the ſecond prevails againſt the King of France, recover'd Lorraigne, but the Saraſens and Grecians with Conſtantine came to recover Apulia, and overcame the Emperor, who hardly eſcaped, who after vented his wrath upon the Italians for deſerting him.

Otho the third pardoned Creſcenſius twice, who the Italians prefer'd to be Emperor, but the third Rebellion of his he hang'd him: the ſeditious Romans alſo advanc'd John 18 to be Pope, rejecting Gregory the fifth made by the Emperor, whith John had his eyes pluckt out, and himſelf thrown headlong from the Capital; this Emperor with the Pope now inſtituted ſeaven Electors of the Emperor, the Biſhop of Mentz, Cullen, and Tryes, Count Palatine, Duke of Saxony Marqueſs of Brandenburgh, and in caſe of contrary opinions the King of Bohem'n, this Emperors wire was the widdow of the rebell he hang'd, who poyſoned him with a pair of gloves.

From the Eaſt thoſe Emperors lives was but ſhort, by reaſon of the continuing of the old barbarous courſe of making them away

Henry the ſecond, Duke of Bavaria was choſe Emperor by the Electors, receiving the Crown from the Pope, he ſubdued all his rebells, expeled the Saraſens out of Italy, the King of Denmark a ſavage Prince came into England to roote out the Chriſtian profeſſion, one of the Saraſeu Princes at this time deſtroyed ſome Temples in Jeruſalem; and maſſacred all the ſpiritual officers.

Conradus the ſecond made a Law to puniſh with death the troublers of the peace in Germany: about this time a war grew between the Chriſtians and Saraſens, but a peace was made in a ſhort time after, and liberty granted to rebuild the Chriſtian Temples in Jeruſalem.

Henry the Third, In his time three Biſhops contended for the Popedome, but the Emperor plac'd Clemens the ſecond, at this time the eſtate of Chriſtians was moſt lamentably afflicted by the Turks and Saraſens.

Henry the Fourth was a good wiſe Emperor, but excommunicated twice by the Pope, who ſtird up the Germans againſt him, under the Duke of Sweve, who being taken had his right arm cut off, which he held up, at his Oath of Allegiance, and he acknowledged Gods hand.

Henry the Fifth the Pope would not Crown, till he would give over his right of Election of the Pope, and of inveſting of Biſhops by Staffe & Ring, but the Emperor compel'd the Pope and Cardinalls to perfect his Coronation, and confirme his priviledges, which the Pope covenanted to, by breaking a peece of the Hoſtie, notwithſtanding the Pope revoked, and curſed the Emperor, but before the Emperor as I told you, forc'd the Pope, the Pope (being admired in the world) call'd a Counſell of the Biſhop of Mentz, Trier and Worms, to inſite the Emperor to war with his own father.

Lotharius the ſecond Duke of Swene was elected, two contending for the Popedom, he gave it to Innocent, and coming to Rome with an Army, made the other Pope Peter a Citizen, and the Count of Sicilly his friend ſay nothing more.

Conradus Tertius ſubdued the Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, Winſperg beſieged, the women begg'd leave to come out with what they could carry on their backs, which granted, they brought forth their husbands, which the Emperor thought would have been Treaſure, but perform'd his promiſe▪ This Emperor going againſt the Turks, and wanting proviſions accepted of ſome meale from the Emperor of Conſtantinople, but it being mingled with Lime poyſoned his Army, upon which the King of France joyning with the King of Jeruſalem, beſiedged Damaſcus, but the Chriſtians in Aſia and Siria was ſo decayed, that Turks and Infidells, had almoſt got all.

Frederick the firſt, coming to Coronation, he alighted to ſalure the Pope, and when the Pope mounted, he held the Stirrup; and miſtaking the Stirrup, angred the Pope, the Pope incited him and the Duke of Bavaria to fight with the Duke of Apula for recovering his Terrtiories to the Chair of Rome; the Pope alſo ſtir'd up the Emperor of Conſtantinople, to drive Apula out of Italy, the Duke begg'd on fair termes peace, but the Pope rejected him, the Duke overcoming the Emperor of Conſtantinople, marches towards the Pope, who then ſued to him for Peace. Frederick taking into conſideration the Popes ambition, prefixt his own name before the Popes; and ordered there ſhould be no appeal to Rome, upon which the Pope ſtirred up the people of Germany, and elſewhere againſt the Emperor, and excommunicated him; a flie entring the Popes throat, choaked him, the Emperor ſubdued Millan quickly; two now contending for Popedome, Alexander not meeting the Emperor at Counſell he choſe Victor Pope, upon which Alexander falls a curſing, and warring, and joyning with the Venetians took the Emperors ſon, upon which the Emperor came to Alexander for abſolution, and kneeling down the Pope trod on his neck, ſaying, thou ſhalt tread upon the Adder and the Aſpe, &c. I ſaid the Emperor that's to St. Peter, I ſaid the Pope to me and to St. Peter.

The Kings of England and France goe now to the laſt help of the Chriſtians about Jeruſalem, they took one place, but, falling out about honour, returne home and the King of the Turks takes Jeruſalem, and other places poſſeſſed by the Chriſtians.

Henry the ſixth was the ſon of Frederick, the Pope gave him in marriage one out of a Monaſtery, and both Ciciles for a dowery; the Emperor, Pope, and other Princes went to help the poor Chriſtians in Palaſtina, but the Emperor dying, they returned doing nothing

Philip the ſecond, by the help of the Saxons and Bavarians, took upon himſelf to be Emperor, but the Pope and Electors went to warrs with him, but the people of Germany got them to agree; the Emperor marries the Popes Nephew; the Emperor was murthered in his Chamber by Count Palatine. Now begun the Tartarian Kingdom, they came from the Mountains of the Indies with wives and Children, a fierce people againſt Chriſtians and others, they overrun the Meads, Parthians, Arminians, Samaritan, Aſirians, Perſians, and ſeated at Meotidis Paladis.

Otho the fourth refuſed to give gifts to the people at Coronation, which bred commotions, he invaded the Popes territories was excommunicated; from the Eaſt the Venetians and French overcoming the Emperor, they ſet up Baldwin of France, Count of Flanders, and when it deſcended to Robert his ſon, he was crowned by the Pope, as the German Emperors.

Frederick the ſecond King of Cicile and Naples, gave the Dukedome of Fundanus to the Church; he yeilded to the Popes Canon of preſcription to what the Pope would, ſeveral made commotion againſt the Emperor, the Pope joynes with them, excommunicates the Emperor, but the poor Chriſtians in Aſia, deſiring help, the Emperor and Pope agree, but the Emperor ſending to the Pope news of his armies ſucceſs againſt the Saraſens, the Pope trampled upon his letter ſtirred up the Emperors ſon againſt his father, to get ſome Dominions to the Church, the Emperor returns, ſubdues his enemies, but gave a great ſum of moneys before the Pope would abſolve him; the Emperor goes againſt Traytors in Italy, the Pope writes to all Towns, to ſtand out, ſtirrs up the Venetians legats, curſed him by a Bull, deprived him of his dignities, charg'd him with hereſie, the Emperor ſends his Secretary to clear himſelf of thoſe things & the Biſhops of Germany was true to him; the Pope ſent for a Counſel to depoſe the Emperor, the Emperor took by Sea three Legats Monks ſoldiers and Treaſure: the Tartars come and deſtroy places adjacent, and the Chriſtians ſent to the Emperor for help, who wiſht the Pope to conſider Chriſtendome, but while the Emperor was ingaged for the Chriſtians, the Pope proceeded to depoſe him, which put the Emperor to imploy his ſtrength againſt him, and he ſo brought him under, that in anger and deſparing the Pope died, after the Emperor drove the Tartars out of Hungary, but the next Pope forc'd the Emperor to more war in his own Dominions, and two great parties there was, the Emperors called the Gibilins, and Popes the Guelts.

Conradus the fourth, endeavouring to regain Apula, his brother the Duke thereof got him poyſoned, the Pope ſent two Armies to gain Cicily, but he was beaten and died; but the next Pope got Count Angow the King of France's brother to fight with the Duke of Apula, that beat the former Pope, and the Duke was overcome by Angow. Young Conradus their ſought to get his fathers Dominions, was beaten by Angow, and beheaded by the Popes advice: So the Kingdome of Naples came into the hands of the French.

Radulph was choſe at Frankford by the Electors, he was affraid to goe to Rome for Coronation, becauſe of the Popes Tyranny, it was ſeaven years after the former Emperor before he was choſe, he overthrew the King of Bohemia, who in time of vacanſie invaded Auſtridg, and called himſelf Emperor, theſe gave their daughters to each others ſon.

Adolph borrowed money of King Edward of England to fight againſt France, but wanted it for his own houſe, he ſought to win Auſtridg, but the Duke thereof ſlew him, and raigned in his ſtead; in the Eaſt a Chriſtian Army of Germans & Hungarians was overcome by the Sultane of Egypt, who let in Sluces near Nilus upon them; a ſecond Army under Frederick regain'd Jeruſalem, made a Peace with the Saraſens, which the King of Navor by the Popes conſent broke, but was beat back, and the Savages regain'd Jeruſalem, put all Chriſtians to death, and ſpoyled the Sepulcher of Chriſt: Another Army came under the King of France, but a forward commander venturing upon the Saraſens and Sulton with a part of the Army was overcome, and after the whole Army, the King being taken, who wanted aſſiſtance from the Emperor, the Pope keeping him in war at home. The King of Tartarian, was baptiſed, and he overcame Syria, Perſia, and took Damaſcus from the Saraſens, but this Kings ſon at his fathers death left a commander that apoſtatized, and ſet fire on Seſaria, the next Army was of the Kings of France and England, the French took Carthage and in Cicily brought the Prince of Cicily to give way to the profeſſion of Chriſtian religion: Prince Edward of England was wounded by a venom'd knife, by a deceitful Saraſen pretending letters, yet recovered, but failing of fores from the Emperor) the Pope ſtirring up the Duke of Angow to deſtroy Fredericks poſterity) he returu'd. The laſt Army again the Saraſens was by the Emperor, who the enemy circumvented as they was lading a great prey, took the Chriſtian general, and after utterly deſtroyed in Aſia their Towns and Holds, but the Prince of Tartars reſtored Syria again, but he returning home, his commander revolted to the Sulton of Egypt, becauſe (the Pope warring with France) no ſuccour came to him.

Albertus after ten years raign, was kild by his brothers ſon; now ſprang up the firſt Othoman King of the Turks, a couragious warrior that inriched himſelf with ſpoyles, he ſubdued great part of Bithynia and other places.

Henry the ſeaventh was a Prince of excellent properties, wiſe, juſt, and belov'd, neither proud in proſperity, or dejected in adverſity; a Monk mingling poyſon with the bread of the Euchariſt poyſon'd him.

Lewis the fifth was next, but ſome of the Electors choſe Frederick, who was ſubdued, but yet being Duke of Auſtria vext the Burgeſſes of Ʋren Swits for helping the other Emperor, which places & others, made a league among themſelves, and are called Switzers or Cantons, or Pages of Helvetia, the Pope being diſpleaſed with Lewis ſent to the Electors to chooſe another, which they did.

Charles the fourth, In his time the Turks paſſed the Heleſpontus, and took ſeveral Townes, which was their Conqueſt over thoſe regions in Europe they now poſſeſs Charls procured of the Electors, that his ſon ſhould be King of the Romans.

Vinſeſlaus was ſluggiſh and given to voluptuouſneſs, and was deprived of his dignitie. About this time Tamerlane Captain of the Tartars, the Pr. of Og's ſon ſlaying 30000 in a battle of the Muſcovites, who entred the Tarters Country, grieved to ſee the ſlaughter of his enemies. The great Cham of Tartaria gives him his daughter, and ſtir'd him up againſt the King of China, that ſtiled himſelf Lord of the world: Tamerlane going againſt this King, falling ſick, a Counſeller drew away part of his ſoldiers, who Tamerlane overcome, and then on his march made a ſpeech to his ſouldiers, which ended, his ſoldiers cried out, one God in Heaven, one Emperor on Earth, he firſt forces a great wall the Chinaes made for defence of their Country, and took great ſpoil. The King of China ſummons his Prieſts to pray to the Sun, a Lord came to Tamerlane to direct him; to whom he gave a frontire Province, and was very courteous to the people, and he endeavors to get a great City for the comfort of his Army before he fight more; he won the Suburbs by ſtorm, but conſidering the riches of the City might ſpoil his Soldiers for fighting, took it on conditions, the King of China marches towards Tamerlane, the King rode in a Chariot, whereof every part ſhone with Gold, Pearls, Rubies, and Diamonds, and his whole Army with Gold and precious ſtones: Tamerlane took another place for refreſhment, and then ſent out a party of 6000 horſe telling the commander, if they come upon you, retire back, and bring that great cloud to me, which I hope to diſperſe he likewiſe ordered a great body to receive the enemy upon the formers retirement; and another body ready to help the laſt, if worſted, reſerving ſtill another body with himſelf; the Chinaes come on with his horſe trappings as well as armor deckt with gold and ſilver, he had likewiſe many armed Chariots, they came altogether without any vantguard; but Tamerlan's commander being wounded and retired, another great body ingaging, beat the enemy within the Kings Chariots, but the King had yet about his perſon 150 thouſand men; then came on Tamerlane and broke through, even within a ſecond rank of Chariots, where was 40000 men, the King at laſt remain'd wounded with Tamerlane; the battle being won, which laſted eight hours, there was ſlain two Kings alleys to the King of China, who had divers ſtrange weapons and enſignes, wonderful riches was taken in golden veſſels, pretious ſtones, and and rich Chariots; the next day Tamerlane lookt upon his Army, and took care of the King of China, whoſe Army was at firſt 200 thouſand foot, and 150 thouſand horſe. Tamerlane refreſhed himſelf with water, never drinking wine, thanked God, never in the leaſt vaunted, and went and ſaluted the King again, who ſaid to Tamerlane, well let it ſuffice thee, ſeeing thou fighteſt for honour, that the Lord of the World and Childe of the Sun, is in thy power. China hath two hundred famous Cities in it, and abounds with Silk, Linnen, Fiſh, Fowle, and Mines of Gold and Silver; Tamerlane overthrew alſo the King of China's brother, upon which Cities yeilded a paſſe, but at length he made a peace with him, injoying moſt of the Cities in China, beating down all Idolls; and ſo deliver'd the King to goe home. After this the Emperor of Greece, deſired his aid againſt the Turk, that would attempt his Country; Tamerlane ſends to the Turk to warn him not to meddle with Greece, but the Turk bids him injoyn lawes to his own Subjects; Tamerlane with what force his unkle and other Lords helpt him to, ſets forward, ſending victualls by Sea, and his Campe was like a well govern'd City, not the leaſt wrong permitted: Bajazet the Turks King forbad all prayers for Tamerlane, and comes furiouſly to meet him, and after as furiouſly joyns' battle with great noiſe, and cries; the firſt that fought on Tamerlanes ſide, was a Prince, who charg'd ſo home, as to come among the Janazaries, and put them to great diſorder, but was ſlain there; another great body was ſent, both ſides fought ſo ſtoutly, that it laſted long, and many was ſlain, and yet the battel doubtful; at laſt, when Tamerlanes ſide was ready to give back, he made room by a charge upon the Janazaries, and ſome Tartars of the Turks ſide revolted, and with much adoe at a freſh charge, the Turks great number was overcome, and the King a priſoner and wounded; and coming before Tamerlane ſhewed not the leaſt ſubmiſſion; ſaid Tamerlane, what if you had took mee? then ſaid hee, I would have carried you about in a Cage, ſo, ſaid Tamerlane, ſhall you be ſerv'd; and he was fed with fragments like a dogge. Tamerlane marches againſt the Sulton of Egypt that aſſiſted the Turks, fought him near Alepo, with courage on both ſides, but the Sulton fled, though his Army was about 170 thouſand; after Tamerlane took Damaſcus and other places, and ſet down before Cair, aſſaulted it with fifty thouſand, the City was only ditcht, not wall'd, the Sulton oppoſed his paſſage, but was forc'd to retreat into a ſecond Trench. The next day the Sulton was forc'd to leave the City, and was purſued towards Alexandria, where a party of Tamerlanes went firſt to prevent the Sulton gathering forces, but the City deſired to ſubmit to Tamerlane, and that the Sulton would not make that place a ſeat of warr, ſo the Sulton not knowing what to doe went away with tears in his eyes; and then Tamerlane return'd home, and after his unkles death was Emperor of Tartaria.

Rupert Duke of Bavaria was choſe by the Electors, in his time Mahomet the Turk, after Tamerlane died, regain'd his fathers Dominions, and killed his brother.

Sigismund King of Bohemia and Hungarie, he was a wiſe Prince, call'd a Counſell for union; Huſſe was now burn'd for preaching againſt the Pope, as alſo Jerom of Prague, which cauſed the people to chooſe a general, who beat the Emperors Army, but the Emperor and Pope came againe, yet ſhamefully fled from the Huſſites againſt all perſwaſion that could be uſed.

Albertus the ſecond ſubdued the Bohemians, by meanes of the King of Polands help, a Peace was made with the Turk; when the Turke was gone, the Pope ſent a diſpenſation to break faith, but the Chriſtian forced was beaten to their ſhame and hurt.

Frederick the ſecond Duke of Auſtria, upon Petition promiſed to free the Germans as the King of France had his ſubjects from the Popes Tyranny, at this time Scandenberg doing great things for the Turk, being denied the Turks Dominions in Ipeus, which he askt of the young Turk at his fathers death, he turn'd againſt the Turke, got ſeveral Towns by letters, maintaind his own, and beat the Turks armies many years; he was a Princes ſon, firſt given in hoſtage to the Turk. Mahomet the ſecond took Conſtantinople, cruelly handling the Chriſtians, caus'd an Image to be held up, ſaying in deriſion, this is the God of the Chriſtians, and ſo here ended the Chriſtian Empire in the Eaſt, the Emperor of the Turks now making Conſtantinople his ſeat.

Maximilian the firſt was taken priſoner in Flanders, but releived by his father; being yet in government with him, he writ in Latine of his fears; the ſecond Emperor of the Turks, cauſed all the Noblemen of Moden, which he took to be ſlain cruelly in his preſence.

Charles the fifth King of Spain was choſe, he took the King of France, but made peace with him, which the Pope cauſed the King of France to revoke; the Emperor ſent the Duke of Burbon, who ſackt Rome and beſieged the Pope and Cardinalls in a Mount, the Duke was ſlain, but the Emperor fearing excommunication, ſent to have the Pope goe out. Luther now writ for the reformed Religion, the Emperor ſummons him to a Counſell he had conven'd, he refus'd to recant, yet was let go, but ſoon after was apprehended, and his books againſt Popery burnt; the Pope preſſed for execution of former Edicts, but the German Princes preſented to the Emperor; that the Church of Rome prohibited that which the word of God did not, and that by reaſon of the Popes pardoning ſinnes for a little money, much villany and murther was committed and deſired a free Chriſtian Counſel. Divers Princes met at Spires, declaring that Miniſters ſhould teach according to the interpretation of the Church, the Duke of Saxon and divers other Princes withſtood this, who and thoſe that joyned with them, was called Proteſtants, unto whom cleaved divers Cities appealing to the Emperor: but he uſed their Ambaſſadors rufflie, fearing to diſpleaſe the Pope, threatning to puniſh thoſe that would not yeeld to the convenſion of Spire, the Proteſtants Covenant, to defend themſelves if invaded for Religion, but the Emperor (who had ſworn to defend the Romiſh Church) call'd a convention of Eſtates, learned men on both ſides was brought, but he commands the Proteſtant Princes to come to Maſſe, which they deſired may be determin'd firſt, The Proteſtants brought a Confeſſion of Faith, which was anſwer'd, but the Emperor would not admit of a reply, and made a decree, the Proteſtants ſhould have time to returne to the Church of Rome, which their Princes and Cities declared they could not keep with good conſcience, upon which a Decree was made to confirme the doctrine of the Church of Rome, and to proceed in judgement againſt Proteſtants, who ſtood cloſe by one another; but after ſome time the Emperor offer'd them Peace, to aſſiſt him againſt the Turk. Swinglius now preacht down pardons, and diſputes there was, but the Romaniſts put off all to a Councell; many Cities threw off the Maſſe, Alters, and Images; the Emperor was this while in warre with France, ſome other Cities joyn'd againſt the Proteſtants, and ready to give battle, a moderating City parted them, but afterward the Switſers and Pages of Helvetia gave the Proteſtants of Berne an overthrow; The Emperor agrees with France, but againſt the reformed Religion, upon which a French generall fell on the Waldenſes, killing many, driving others into the woods, which General died of a rotten ſtinking diſeaſe; the Emperor and Pope come againſt the Proteſtant Princes in Germany, pretending againſt Rebells, but with Spaniards and Venetians, ſubdues the Duke of Saxony, telling him he muſt die or turne, the firſt he willingly choſe, but the Marqueſſe of Brandenburg begging for him, he only loſt his hands; upon this ſeveral others yeelded: The Emperor ſent to the Council of Biſhops to remove to Trent, who refuſing, he conſulted with the Princes about ſome alteration of Religion, that Prieſts ſhould many, the Sacrament be uſed in both kinds, and ſome other things; ſome Proteſtants accepted of this with an exception, but Buſer fled upon it, and the Romaniſts abominated it. The Duke of Saxony taxing the King with breach of promiſe, joynes with the Marqueſſe of Brandenburgh and King of France againſt the Emperor, at laſt Peace was made with ſome liberty for the Proteſtants. In England, the Maſſe in Latine was aboliſht, common Prayer eſtabliſht, and Biſhop Bonner impriſon'd; But Mary reſtored the Popes ſupremaſie, and the Maſſe, and caus'd the Parliament to be abſolv'd by Cardinal Poole; ſhe put to death many Biſhops and others reſolute for the Faith; the Turks took Rhodes, but this Emperor recover'd Tunis, and releived twenty thouſand Captives.

Ferdinand King of Bohemia was next elected Emperor, the Maſſe was omitted for ſome of the Electors ſake; ſome of the Parliament in France were now Proteſtants, the King of France told a great Counſeller that he would ſee him burnt, but the King in Armour being run at in jeſt, and by his choiſe with a ſphear, a ſplinter of it breaking, entred the Kings eye and kill'd him, but his ſon who married the Queen of Scotland, where many was againſt the Romiſh way, and the Guizans allied to the Queen, came over into Scotland, but was beaten back, the Queen of England helping Scotland, the Prince of Condie a Proteſtant was taken by the Kings guard, the King died of putrifaction in his ears, and Condie cleared then the Kings of Navarre and Queen Mother, with the eſtates, had a diſpute before them of almoſt a hundred Biſhops and Doctors of a ſide, but no agreement; the Proteſtants of Piedmont was cruelly perſecuted for not owning the Maſſe, who defended themſelves with ſtones. In France there was an Edict for the Proteſtants, to heare the word in Peace, but the Pope puts the King in hope, Navar ſhall be reſtored him by the King of Spaine if he turne Catholick, which turning him, the Duke of Guize takes armes, firſt he killed 1500 men and women at a ſermon, after ſeiſeth on the King and Queen at Paris, many Nobles reſort to the Prince of Condie to free the King, and defend the Goſpel, the Queen ſent letters alſo to Condie to free them, many Towns was taken on both ſides, the Guizans took Roan again, in the ſiege whereof the King of Navar was ſlain, the Guizans hang'd Marloret a Miniſter; Guize gave Condie battle, as he was going to joyn with ſome Engliſh, where Guize was ſlain, upon which an Edict was made, but not ſo ſtrickt as before, for liberty for the Proteſtants.

About the year 1550. the Romaniſts that they may (with the Turk) maintain that by might, which they cannot by right, did thruſt the Iron Inquiſition (at firſt appointed againſt Jewes and Moors) into the ſides of many worthy Chriſtians: one Julian for diſperſing Bibles was brought to the Stake, who with his ſmiles, incouraig'd twenty more, who was roaſted to death, alſo Conſalvo a ſtudious Prieſt being true to truth againſt the adoration of the hoſt, doctrine of merit, and other Phanatick innovations, was with his two ſiſters, mother and brother put to death; take a taſte of this ſoure buſineſs by which the Papiſts hold faſt deceit; when there is the leaſt information given againſt any one, an Officer cal'd a familiar, is ſuborn'd to inſinuate into his company, who taking occaſion to meet the partie accus'd, ſaies, I being by accident at the Lords Inquiſitors, they commanded me to ſummon you before them, if he ſaies he knows nothing of that Court or the Church, they diſmiſs him at preſent, ſtill appointing one to feel him out, and then ſend for him again, wiſhing him to confeſs, if the party be a ſtranger like to eſcape, they clap him up where many die; they have many devices alſo to find one eſcapt, if one be arreſted they take an inventory of all he hath, as ſoon as he enters priſon, the Joaler asks him whether he hath knife, money, or ring, which are his fees; when the party hath been impriſon'd in a little place two months he comes to a hearing, if he confeſſes the thing accuſ'd for, then woe to him, if he denies, he is ſent back; ſometime after they ſend again for him, and tell him if he confeſs not, he ſhall find them ſevere Juſtices; they ſend for him a third time, if he confeſs any thing, they ſay they are not yet ſatisfied, then they hold a Crucifix, requiring an Oath, if he refuſe, they lay a large indictment againſt him, of what they can imagin, ſuppoſing he will confeſs ſome of it, though they never heard any ſuch thing of him, and by thus amazing him; they try if they can trip him in his anſwers, and then require him to write down his anſwer, if he confeſs, they ask who he learnt it of, and ſo bring in others, then they give him an advocate, who tells him that confeſſing the truth is beſt in that Court; and it may be two years before he appears again, when depoſitions very intricate are produc'd, after that they tell him they muſt extort the truth from him; and bringing him to a rack, ſtanding in a dark Dungeon, where the skreeks of the tormented may not be heard, the Executioner appears all in black, only peeping holes for his eyes, then the Inquiſitors order the buſineſs, the party is ſtripped naked, having his or her hands bound, and a great waite faſtned to his or her heeles,, the party is hoyſed up, and let down with a jerke, ready to disjoynt all his parts, they calling him heretick dogg; then they hang double waite, and hoyſe him up again, and confeſs or not, they hale up yet another time, and ask whether his other torments are ready, bidding the executioner to bring them to morrow; and then three daies after when the parties bodies is grevious full of pain, they rack ſome again, requiring them to peach whom they had conference with, then they bind their thighs ſo cloſe, as the cord is ſo in the fleſh as cannot be ſeen, they have another torment whereby they almoſt ſtop their breath with a cloath, and yet threaten worſe, after they ſet a pan of Char-chole againſt the ſoules of the parties feet, if all this will not doe, then one of the inquiſitors will ſeem to pitty and weep over the party, as they did by a Matron in Ciuil, by which they extorted from her the betraying of her mother and ſiſter, who was put to death: Theſe Inquiſitors have alſo flies, that for gain will endure hunger and Chains in priſon, only to get ſomething out of other Priſoners, their Priſon is like a grave, little and darke, the Priſoners are allowed 3 pence a day, out of which they pay for Landreſs and other neceſſaries, if any releeve them, they are whipt as favourers of Hereticks; in ſome time they come as 'twere to a Goale delivery, ſome are brought forth with a garment pictured with devills, and a cleft peece of wood on their tongue, and with every one that is to die, there comes two Friers to importune him to deny the doctrine he hath profeſſed; the Inquiſitors paſſe in great pomp to the Scaffold, where there is a Sermon preached in commendation of the holy houſe, and in reproaching the truth with its profeſſors, then are the ſentences paſt againſt ſome to die without mercy, againſt others to be whipt, but ſo as they ſeldome ſcape with their lives, others are condemn'd to the galley, others to forfeit their eſtates, they read more in the crimes, then ever was brought againſt the party to make him odious, if any be to be degraded, they ſcrape their lipps, hands, and head till blood came, to get off the holy oyle wherewith he was anointed at his ordination: They who the inquiſitors order to die, have their neck broak ſuddenly at the ſtake, and its given out they repented & ſo felt no pain in the fire; and thoſe who are let goe, they charge them not to utter their ſecrets under the ſevere penalty for relapſers.

Maxamilian the ſecond was choſe Emperor, Ferdinands Son, who was King of Hungarie, he gave his two daughters to the Kings of Spain and France; aboundance profeſſed the reformed Religion in the Low Countries; the Popiſh Prelates put the inquiſition in execution; the Duke de Alva goes againſt the Proteſtants, who defend themſelves under Naſaw Prince of Orange, who though often worſted, yet moſt of Holland and Zealand was freed from the Spaniards tyranny. In France the Edict for liberty was obſerv'd only to ſome few Nobles; and the Kings of Spain and France with Cardinall Lorain enter a league againſt the Proteſtants Condie and others complain and goe to the King, and for their ſafety goe in armes; the King withdraws, Condie beſieges Paris, overcame their forces, joyns with ſome Germans, but upon fair promiſes of the Queen lays down arms, but after cruelty was uſed every where upon the Proteſtants; Condie flies to Rochell who paſſed over a ford, not known before to be drie, all other paſſages being ſtopt, the Duke of Anion the Kings brother was made General for the King; Condie complains of the Cardinall Lorain, as the cauſe of the ſtir, Condie receives help from Brittain, they fight with loſs on both ſides, Condie ſlain, the young King of Navar, and young Condie take the charge of the Proteſtant Army, the King marrieth, ſeemeth very peaceable, but the Proteſtants Admiral was ſhot, upon which Condie and Navar withdraws, but the King ſeem'd deſirous to puniſh thoſe that ſhot the Admiral: A little after was the great Maſſacre at Paris; the Dukes of Anion and young Guiſe, having ſoldiers ready, who upon a ſigne from St. Germans Church, ruſht into the Admiralls houſe, and threw him out of Window, upon which Guiſe ſaid its a good beginning, it is the Kings command, the Soldiers alſo fell a killing men, women, and children; Guiſe (not moved by the dreadfull cries of the poore people) animated the ſoldiers to rout up the ſeed of Proteſtantiſme; they went to the Lower, where the King was, and threatned Navar and Condie, who was willing to chooſe death rather then part with their Religion, which they had from God, but yet begg'd the King to conſider his bond of friendſhip: Divers in Count Mongomeries houſe fled before the Maſacre came; there was reckon'd ſlain thirty thouſand, for all which the Romaniſts pretended a plot, to confeſs which they tortured two Nobles, who died with abhorrance of any ſuch thing, yet the Romaniſts publiſht a confeſſion in their names of treaſon againſt the King, many now terrified fled to Rochel, which the King beſieged by Sea and Land, in which place came a bundance of fiſh, that after went away, but Embaſſadors came from Poland for Anion, who they had choſe King, who agreed that Rochel and two other Townes ſhould have liberty of Religion within their own bounds, but the King dying, the Queen-mother ſent for her other Sone out of Poland, then condemned Mountgomerie but now ſeveral Catholicks joyn with Condie for the Countries good; the Cardinal Lorain walking barefoot with penitentiaries, contracted a diſeaſe that killd him; after ſeveral bickerings Embaſſadors come to the King from England, the Cantons and elſewhere, and a peace was made for more liberty for the Proteſtants.

Radulph was next choſe Emperor of Germany, he was King of Bohemia and Hungaria, he called a Diet at Ratisbone, about reforming Religion: the Turke in a fight loſt eighteen thouſand, for fifty two of the Chriſtians. Tranſilvania joyning with the Emperor, the Turk was often ſent back with loſs, and upon the Embaſſadors coming from Hungarie to Vienna, it was agreed that Catholick, Lutheran, and Calveniſt, and no other ſhould exerciſe their Religion; the Proteſtants of Auſtria being abuſed, they take armes, but by the help of the Moravians they obtain peace, the Emperor died, all was quieted, and both accuſe the Jeſuits as authors of their broyles. In France the Catholicks fearing if the King ſhould die, Navar might be King, confederated in Armes, pretending againſt the Hugonites, who was in Rochell, but they goe to Paris; the King made an offer of Land to give the Catholick General, but theſe Leagers proſpering, moved the King to be o • them, and roote out the Proteſtants; Navar and Condie declare againſt theſe things, joyn with the German forces, fight the King (who ſeem'd to comply with Guize, and ordered all to profeſs the Catholick way) Condie overthrew the King, but Guize came into Paris ſuddainly againſt the Kings command, upon which the King ſet forth a fierce Edict againſt the Proteſtants, beſtowed a great place on Guize, declared Cardinal Burbone of the Royall blood, excluded Navar, all which Guize would have confirm'd by Parliament▪ but jealouſie being among the Grandes, Guize was ſlain, the people cried out of the King, ſaying they ought to ſupport the Church, and was free from their Oath, the King then joyns with Navar, wars with the Leagers, repulſed de Main that intended to ſurpriſe him, beſieged Salaize, beat Count Briſſac that came to releive it: He alſo goes againſt Paris, which ſo put the Leagers to it, that they got a Jockabine Monke who coming demurely to the King pretending letters, gaining through his ſubtilty, the Kings retirement in the Chamber where the Maſaker was concluded, reading letters, he ſtob'd the King, upon which the attendance coming in killd the Murtherer; this Monke was canoniz'd St. Jeques; the King named Navar his ſucceſſor, the Leageurs proclam'd another, but King Henry the fourth and young Navar goes towards Paris; Demain the Leagers generall daily loſt men, but the King got a great victory, Demain fleeing, plucking up a bridge, drown'd many of his men; the King ſtopping proviſions to Paris, 100 thouſand dyed with famine, the Duke of Parma came to relieve it, but durſt not attempt the Kings Army, and the Leagers went to ruine apace everywhere; the Duke of Savoys Army was alſo overthrown, alſo the King ſlew 700 Romans of 2000 and ſent the reſt to Italy; alſo the Duke of Parma being invited to come once more into France was diſcomfited; and another Duke being beaten out of the field, ſaid farewell my Cannons, and further moſt blaſphemouſly ſaid, I renounce God, and run this day a hie fortune, plunging himſelf and horſe into a River, at laſt the Biſhops turn'd the King, who came to Maſſe, Paris now yeelds, but yet many of the Leagers was inveterate ſtill againſt the King; a youth that was told the King could be no King if the Pope conſented not to it, ſtab'd the King, but not mortall, but the young Schollar was torne in peeces by horſes, the Jeſuits was ordered to depart, who after Petition to be reſtored, the Proteſtants Petition for an Edict to prevent what they ſuffer'd.

A woman attempts to poyſon the King, ſhe was burnt for it, two others that attempted him miſchief he only ſaid, God will puniſh them: The Duke of Savoys forces came ſuddenly to Geneva, got the word, kill the Centinel, was above an houre in the ſtreets, but beaten out, and ſome hang'd. A Synod at Gat declared the Pope Antichriſt, the Jeſuits was admitted at Berne to the grief of the People. A Turke was now baptized a Citizen of Geneva; was burnt for a plot againſt it. There was now a great plague after great cold. The King of France one day was very ſad, could not ſleep, roſe and pray'd, ſome Nobles going in Coach with him abroad, being chearfull, the King ſaid we may weep yet by Sunday, but there met the Kings Coach when it ſtood in a ſtreet, a Layer, who when the King ſtooped ſtab'd him on his leftſide, who ſpit blood, loſt his apprehenſion, and by the time he came home died; the Murtherer was rackt and condemn'd, his hands was put into a Furnace flaming with fire and brimſtone, after there was colups of fleſh taken from him, by red hot pinchers, and burnt, and ſcalded Pitch and Roſine was poured into thoſe wounds, alſo melted lead was poured on his Navell, he had his papps pincht off, and was torne in peeces by horſes, then his parts burnt, and his aſhes thrown in the air: The Kings Son Lewis was crowned by the Cardinal, many Nobles of France was Proteſtants, ſome now wrote againſt Belarmine about the popes Temporal power. Now in the Netherlands, Don John of Auſtria the King of Spains governor endeavoured to bring in the Inquiſition, the General Eſtates call Mathias of Auſtria, who was of the blood to govern them; and Proclamed John an enemy to the Kings Neatherlands: The Pope promiſed eternall life to all that would help John againſt the Neatherlands. Mathias chooſes for his Leiftenant, Naſſaw Prince of Orange, upon which ſome of the Nobles mutined, ſo that John got a victory over Mathias; the Duke of Anion aſſiſts the States; Amſterdam (beſieged) by the Spaniords, made an agreement with the States of Holland; and a little after, the Friers, Monks, and Prieſts went out, the States ſitting at Antwerp, publiſht a Decree for to entertaine the pacification of Gant, which the Jeſuits refuſing to ſware was thruſt out; at Gaunt was ſome Friers ſentenc'd for Sodomie, Mathias and States complain to the Aſſembly of Princes in Germany of the Spaniards cruelty, the States called the Duke of Anion their Defendor: One Captain Pont of the Dukes Army abuſing a maid, and boaſting of it, ſhe ſtabb'd him, the States at laſt Decree that neither Catholick or Proteſtant ſhall attempt any thing upon one another; this the Catholicks would not brook, and no ſmall ſtirrs was at Aras, Don John died, to whom ſucceeded the Prince of Parma. Anion returns to France, many fell for money from the States, the Prince of Orange was made governor of Flanders; Embaſſadors from the Emperor and King of Spaine could not effect peace, the Romiſh would have no Religion but theirs exerciſed, the reform'd not be deprived of theirs, the States chooſe Anion their Soveraign, and ſo agreed with him on Articles, but the King of Spaine deſiring the life of the Prince of Orange, puts out an Edict of preſcription againſt him, Orange apologis'd, the Eſtate approv'd of it, cauſe their Magiſtrate to abjure the King of Spaine. Anion was made Duke of Brabant, he receiv'd at Antwerpe both Romaniſts and Proteſtants into his protection. One Aneſtroes boy watching his time, and being perſwaded by a Frier, that by characters he gave him, he ſhould paſs inviſ • bly, ſhot the Prince of Orange in at the Chap, but not mortall, which boy was immediately run through with a Halbard, and after hang'd; Parma had alſo dealt with ſome to kill Anion and Orange, but La Bordo diſcovering ſomething, ſaved himſelf, another killed himſelf in priſon, another was drawn in peeces with horſes. Anion ſends a Commander to ſeize on Dunkirk for himſelf; and put out the States Garriſon intended againſt Bruges and Antwerpe, but at Antwerpe, the King of France crying kill, kill, the Towne is our own, was beaten out with the loſs of above 1500, the Duke excuſed all this, yeelded up again the Towns to the States; two more by the Spaniards order attempts to kill Orange, but faild, one of which was ſtrangled, the States of Holland having now taken the Government upon themſelves; Newport, Dunkirk, Sas, Hulſt, Gant, and ſeveral other places was loſt, the Prince of Orange ſent to England to help them; Bruges was reconciled to the Spaniard, Anion died, and in his ſickneſs would not admit a Prieſt, and was troubled much for his revolt. A high Burguion that liv'd at Delf a whole year, trayterouſly ſhot the Prince of Orange, who praying God to pitty his poor ſoul, and the poor people, died, the Murtherer was executed after a terrible manner, who confeſt that one of the Prince of Parmaes Counſellors promis'd him great rewards, divers places now yeelds to Parma, even Bruſſels and Antwerpe; Morris, Naſſaws Son is made Governor, the diſtreſſed States got Queen Elizabeth of England to aſſiſt them on conditions to have Fluſhing and other places ſecurity for monies, the Queen declared the reaſons hereof; the Earle of Leiceſter was accepted Governor, ſwore to defend them againſt the Spaniards; but he hindring all Traffick with France alſo, complaint was made againſt him; in Spaine all Engliſh Ships was arreſted, and goods confiſcated, many of the Engliſh Ships had commiſſion from the Queen, and took ſeveral prizes from the Spaeniards. Parma now going to beſiege Nuys, hang'd a Miniſter and two Captains, at Cloſt, and ſpoild the Town, a hallowed ſword was brought him from the Pope, with remiſſion of ſins, to thoſe that ſhould be at ſaying Maſſe, at its firſt coming: Leiceſter marcht to Zutphen, where Sir Philip Sidney was ſhot and died; at Linter it raigned blood. Zutphen where Leceiſter had left a Governor, and another place where was a Scotts Governor were ſould to the Spaniards; the King of Spains Provinces was troubled with dearth and wolves, the States diſcontented (though not all) at Leiceſter, he by the Queens order reſigned his Government; there was a Treaty between the Queen and Parma, but nothing effected, Breda was ſurpriſ'd for Morris, Parma died, Arneſtus Arch Duke of Auſtria ſucceeded, who entred Bruſſels, but Solme proſperd for the States in Flanders, and Cramberg in Frezeland was yeelded to Count William; the Duke ſent two to the States to treat, but Groning now yeelded to Orange; a Soldier once under Morris his guard, was executed for Treaſon againſt him, the Duke died with grief: Albertus Cardinall of Auſtria came in his roome, he takes Callis from the French, but Peace was quickly made, he took Hulſt from the States, with about the loſs of 5000, but Morris in the dead of Winter overcame the Cardinalls Army, ſlew his Generall and 2000 men, with the loſs of nine of Orange his ſide; after Groll and divers places more yeelded to Prince Morris. One Panne that came from Dowway had undertaken to kill the Prince, the King of Spaine died, Albertus his Army turn'd out Miniſters, and put in Prieſts at Weezel, but the States thrive at Sea by their Fleet, Creucaeur yeelds to Morris, the States goe againſt Flanders; the Prince beſieging Newport, but Albertus after marrying the King of Spains Daughter, came againſt the Prince, the Prince having ſent a party to keep a paſſe, which the Dukes Army had paſſed before, was forc'd to fight, Morris loſt 800 men, after the Armies engage where Sir Francis Vere under Morris utterly rooted the Spaniards, ſlaying 6000, Morris loſt 800, but moſt Engliſh, Slucegrave, Berke, and divers places was after taken by the Prince, who with ſome Engliſh ſhips had the beſt of it in two Sea fights, in one was ſlain 300 of the Spaniards, 36 of the States, and in another 2000 Spaniards, and 50 of the States, but Oſtend yeelded to the Duke, but a truce was made for 12 years.

In England Queen Elizabeth ſets out a Proclamation againſt Childrens being brought up in Popiſh Seminaries beyond Sea, the King of Spaine & Pope prepare a great Army againſt her, but was imployd through the death of the King of Perrugall another way; a Rebellion now broke out in Ireland, by the Spaniards inſtigation, the chief was ſlain, & 700 Italians yeelded themſelves, the King of France comes to England about matching his brother to the Queen. A Jeſuit and another was executed for Treaſon and Sedition, and coming from Rome, after by Parliament there was an Act againſt ſeducing the Queens Subjects, and ſaying Maſſe; the Scaffold one Sabboth day at the Beargarden fell down, killing ſome of the people: King James works himſelf out of Dowers hand, and pardoned him, one Browne writing that the Church of England was no true Church, and two of his followers was put to death; one Lewis denying the God-head of Chriſt was burnt; Gowery about to take the King again was beheaded; one Paris on confeſſion of his intentions againſt the Queen was executed. Letters was taken at Sea, intimating a great deſigne of the Spaniard againſt England, the Parliament made an Act for preſervation of the Queen againſt Popiſh Prieſts, the Earle of Northumberland conſcious of ill deſignes, laid violent hands upon himſelf.

The Queen concludes a ſtricter amity with the King of Scots; ſhe ſends a Fleet to the Weſt-Indies; which return'd with great booty; Dr Geford and others conſpire the Queens death, one his conſcience terrifying, told it to Secretary Walſingam, and ſeveral was executed; the French Embaſſador ſets one to kill the Queen, who revealing it, the Embaſſador was ſoundly rebuked: now in 1688 the Spaniards invade England with an Navie call'd invincible of 130 Shipps, 20000 Men, 172 Enſignes 6320 buſhells of Peaſe and Beanes, with great ſtore of Biſcate, Oyle, Bacon, Wine, and other proviſions, many thousand Armes in ſtore, with Pickaxes for Pioneers, under the Duke of Modena, aſſiſted with twenty two Lords, they loſt by ſtorme three Gallies as ſoon as out of Sea; coming near England, a Fleming inform'd the Engliſh Admirall and Sir Francis Drake, who quickly with what Shipps they had, put the Spaniards Ships to diſorder, and took one with inſtructions in it, what the Spaniards ſhould doe if they conquerd, wherein was part of their Treaſure alſo; the Spaniards Anchord at Callis, the Engliſh ſend fire Ships, beſmear'd with Rozume and Brimſtone among them in dead of night, which made them put to Sea in confuſion towards Ireland, which Sea being tempeſtuous, many of their Ships run upon ſands, ſcarce fourteen got ſafe home, for which there was appointed thanksgiving to God. The Scots was dealt with towards entring an Army that way, but King James prevented it; the King married the King of Denmarks Daughter, Drake now took ſeveral places from the Spaniard; the Popiſh Lords in Scotland made no ſmall ſtir for their Intereſt. And a Cardinall wrote againſt King James, but all was cruſht; the Queens Phyſitian was put to death, for plotting her death: Balls was ſent to fire the Engliſh Fleet, a Navie from England takes Cadis, vanquiſht the Spaniſh Fleet, releiv'd priſoners, the Spaniard anſwerd it with another fleet, the greateſt part of which was caſt away. One Walop came to poyſon the Queens ſaddle, with the benediction of a Jeſuit, who would pawn his Soul for him: The Queen ſent another Fleet under Eſſex, to take the Spaniards Indie Fleet, but ſtormes gave leave onely for Eſſex to returne ſafe, who was after ſent Deputy in Ireland with an Army, with whom the Queen was diſpleaſ'd, and he came into England unlookt for, & was beheaded, but Tyrone in Ireland, & the Spaniards which was ſent thither by the Popes advice was all ſubdued: Brute came from Rome againſt King James; Prieſts was Proclam'd to depart the Realm; Queen Elizabeth dying, King James was proclamed King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, ſeveral was found in a conſpiracy againſt him, two Prieſts was executed, one affirming the King no King till Crown'd, the Jeſuits was now baniſht, but a little after the great deſigne of Gun-powder Treaſon was laid for blowing up King and Parliament, by putting barrels of Powder in a vault, where the Plotters went with dark Lanthorns, which was diſcover'd by a Meſſenger, carrying a letter to a rong perſon; Hawks and others was hang'd for it.

There was another Proclamation againſt Roman Prieſts, and an Order that all that came from beyond Sea ſhould take the Oath of Allegiance, which Garrat refuſing he was executed; after the Oath was impoſed on all, now in 1612 died Prince Henry, whoſe ſiſter married the Palsgrave.

The Jews continue hardned in their unbelief, ſcatterd about the world, many of them are rich and cunning Merchants, but enjoy not Land or Majeſtracy; in ſome places they are admitted with their Synagogues in other places, only to trade, but in Spain and elſewhere, if they be known, they loſe life and eſtate, but if they cannot get enough to tranſport themſelves, they ſeem to live and die Chriſtians. About this time Ninety thouſand Moros was driven out of Spain.

Mathias, In his times great warrs was between the Duke of Auſtria, who by conditions from the Emperor, was K. of Bohemia, alſo with the Proteſtant people of Bohemia, upon the account of Religion; Mathias reigned but about 6 years.

Ferdinand the ſecond, what remarkables in and after his time, he vigorously proſecuted the war with the Bohemian Proteſtants. Frederick Elector Palatine K. of Bohemia Brother to K. Charles of Engl. K. of Bohemia, was in Fight under Prague, overcome and fled to Holland; the Bohemian Provinces now returning to the obedience of the Emperor, who reſtor'd the Jeſuits in Prague; ſeveral other places yeelded alſo to the Emperor. Breda was taken by the Spaniard. Rochell now calls forth the Engliſh, who under the Duke of Buckingham with about 120 Ships poſſeſſed the Iſland of Ree, all but the Caſtle, but ſucker coming from the King of France, they was driven out again, the King after beſieges Rochell, which brought to extremity veelded, and was turn'd to a kind of Village. Guſtanus King of Sweathland, and the Lutheran Princes gave the Catholick Army under Tillie a great blow, ſlaying near 10000. The Swedes ſubdued all Franconie, the Saxon alſo a friend of the Sweede invaded Bohemia, and alſo Prague, the Swedes went through Alſatia and Bavaria, but ſome of the Emperial Princes deſire the King of Frances aide; Vulſteine now Captaine of the Catholicks recovers Prague, and at Lutzen fights with the Swede two daies, in which the King was ſlain, the Chancellor ſtill undertook the war, the Duke of Bavaria was now the Commander of the Emperors party, ſeveral fights paſſed, Frankford was taken two or three times, and Luna four times, the Emperor diſplac'd his general, made his ſon the King of Hungarie, who took Hedleburgh, Spaine aſſiſts him, he takes alſo ſeveral townes in lower Franconie; the Sweeds confer with the Proteſtants, the Duke of Newburgh deſires to be Newter, for which the Sweede after afflicts him.

The Dutch in the Weſt-Indies; take 2 Ships with ſixty Tunne of gold, and at Ginnie 1044 pound waite of gold; and bring the Iſland of Pacunia under their yoke: In the Eaſt-Indies they took ſeaven Ships, poſſeſs the beſt Iſland for Salt, alſo Paraibus, in Poland the King could not aſſiſt the Emperor, becauſe the States which choſe him would not conſent.

In England now was a great fire on London-bridge, the winde turning ſuddenly from Thames-ſtreete, where much Pitch and Tarr was. Aturne Noy ſet on foot Ship-money, and now was ſeveral Patents of Commodities granted, Hambden had a Tryal with the King about Shipmoney.

The Sweeds beats the Emperor.

In England Prin wrote againſt Stage-plays, and Burton wrote againſt Biſhops, who were cenſured in Star-Chamber, looſing their eares, and was exild: The Scots now refuſed to admit of the Liturgie and Biſhops.

The Spaniard puniſh the Dutch at Dunkirk, but the Dutch Admiral Trump ſo beat the Spaniſh Fleet, that fifteen ſcarce eſcapt of fifty Ships.

The Scots raiſe an Army to prevent any to hinder them of what they ingage for; the King marches to them, the Scots declare they intend not the leaſt hurt to the King, the Engliſh refuſing to fight the Scots, they had good conditions; the Palatinate receiving help from the King of England, takes in Weſtphalia, but the Emperor, Ferdinand the ſecond ſcatters his forces, takes his brother Rupert, who getting his liberty goes to help his unkle againſt the Parliaments forces.

In May 1630 the Merchants of London ſent the Ship Salutation for Green-land, arived there in June, following with two other Ships, all commanded by Captain Goodlier; the Ship where the Captain was meeting with ſtore of Whales, ſent for the Salutation to take in part of the Trane Oyle, as they went, meeting with croſs winds, the Maſter ſent eight men a ſhore to kill Veniſon, who took with them a brace of doggs, A Snaphance, two Lances, and a Tinderbox, they quickly laid fourteen Deare on the ground, and then reſted, the next day being fogie, and the Ice keeping their Ship off the Coaſt, they hauled towards Green-harbor; intending to ſtay aboard a Ship there, till their own came, in the way they killed eight Deare more, but coming laden to Green-harbor, they found the Ship departed, upon which having but three daies limited for their departure out of the Country, they caſt much Veniſon out of the Shallop, and haſted towards Bellſound to their Captain, but a fog increaſing, and they having no compaſſe, they wandred till the Ships there was gone, which filled them with aſtoniſhment, knowing none ever inhabited thoſe clymates, nor would undertake for any rewards to winter in thoſe parts, though allowed great proviſions; yea, they; had heard that Malefactors choſe rather to returne to ſatisfie the Law, then (after they had viewd the deſolateneſs of the place) be pardoned to ſtay there one winter; they remembred alſo that there was nine men formerly left there, who was devoured by the Bears, they wanted cloaths, food, and a houſe to keep themſelves from the extremiry of cold, they went again towards Green-harbor to kill Veniſon for winter, the firſt day they killd ſeaven, after twelve more Deare, and finding another Shallop left behind there, they laded it with graves of Whales, and with the food in their own they haſted to their Tent at Bell-ſound; in their way they were forced to ſtay at Bottel-Cove, where the winde blowing hard, and Anchor coming home, their Shallop ſunk, and wet their proviſion, upon which they run into the high wrought Sea, to their Shallops, to ſave the reſt of their proviſion, and they brought their Shallops to ſhore, and took the Veniſon ſwiming, and got to Bell-ſound, the Tent there was built of Timber and boards, and covered with Flemiſh tiles, the uſe of it was for the Coopers to make Casks to put in Traine oyle; they took down an other little Tent where the Oyle uſed to be made, to make a Tent within the great one, they found alſo four Hogsheads of Lime, which mingled with ſand made morter, which they had much adoe to keep from freezing, they raiſ'd a wall of one brick thickneſs againſt the inward planks of the great Tent, but the bricks failing, they nayled the other ſides with boards, their Chimnie whence was their light, was four foot high, ſealing all very cloſe, their beds were Deare skins, they ſtowed ſeaven old Shallops, two Coffers, breaking them for fire, now having ſcarce any day; they ſpied two Sea horſes a ſleepe on Ice, and with an harping Iron ſlew them, and roſted and eate them, but the nights and cold increaſing, they perceiv'd their proviſion ſhort, and ſo ſtinted to one meal a day, and to faſt a Wenſdays, only to eat graves or fritters of the Whales, a loathſome meat, their cloathes torne, they made thread of rope yearn, and needles of Whalebone, but their Whale-graves grew mouldie, and they found that their Bear and Veniſon could not afford them five meales a week; from the fourteenth of October, to the ſecond of February, they never ſaw the Sun peepe above the Horizon, not knowing day from night, but the Moon as in England, but they made a Lamp of ſome Sheet lead, they found in the Coopers Tent, and ſome Oyle and rope yearne; in January when a duskiſh light appeared, it was ſo cold as it raiſed Bliſters on their fleſh, after this they melted the ſnow with hot Irons for water, and with Pickaxes broake the Ice; about the beginning of February the days were about ſeaven hours long, but their victuals not like to laſt them ſix weeks, but they ſpying a Bare and Cub coming towards their Tent, went out with Lances, upon whom the great Bare greadily came, but was ſoon tumbled on the ground biting the ſnow for anger, the young one fled, this Bare ſerved them twenty daies, but eating her liver their skins peel'd of, many more Bares came to the Tent, ſeaven of which they kill'd, one of them ſix foot high, and the dayes lengthning, ſeveral fowled reſorted to them, upon which came the Foxes alſo, before in their burrow under the Rocks, for to catch them, they deviſed traps baiting them with fowles skins, which fowle they caught by making ſprings of Whalebone, laying them on the fleſhie ſide of Bearskins, they roſted and eate fifty Foxes, when the weather was warm enough, to goe further and oftner out, they met with divers Willcoks eggs; after came two Hull Ships, which ſent a Shallop near the ſhoare, knowing men was left there, crying haie, to which one in the Tent anſwered hoe, and ſo welcom'd the new comers with long before roſted Venſon and cold water, and after were entertain'd in the Hull Ships; then came the London Fleete with Captain Goodlier, who refreſhed them with cloathes and victualls, with whom they returned ſafely to the River of Thames. Greene-land is very Mountanious which all the year is cover'd with Ice and Snow, the planes in part are bare in ſummer, there growing neither Tree or hearbe except Scurveygraſs and Sorrill, the Sea is as barren affording no fiſh but Whales, Seales, Sea-horſes, and ſome few ſmall fiſh.

The Turk gets Babylon from the Perſian, with the loſs of 40000, runs his Navie to the Red Sea, to the Cawſacks and Hungarie, but the Plague about Alepo frighted them back.

In England the King diſavowes the paper the Scotts avouched, the Scotts prepare to come towards England, the King calls a Parliament, and ſeeing they had little mind to raiſe money, he deſolved them, but the King gathered contributions of the Clergie, went with an Army to the North, where was a ſmall skirmiſh, but the Lords on both ſides compoſed the buſineſs, and the King calls another Parliament 1641 who get an Act not to be diſolv'd without their own conſent, fall to bring ſuch as they judged offenders to tryall, perſwaded the King to conſent to the condemnation of Strafford, which he grieved for afterward; the Parliament call in Commiſſioners from Scotland, ſend for Baſtwick and Burton who was exild, impriſon'd the Arch Biſhop of Canterbury; the Londoners Petition againſt Biſhops, twelve of the Biſhops leave the houſe, and proteſt, ten of which was impriſon'd by the Parliament, the King takes a journie towards Scotland. The Iriſh Rebellion broak forth, where about 200000 Proteſtants was murthered; Dublin was to have been ſurpriſed, but diſcoverd by ſome diſcourſe of the Lord Mackhoone, who was ſent into England and hang'd, the King returnes ſumptuouſly in London, exhibites Articles againſt ſix Parliament men, and came with ſome in Armes to Weſtminſter, and entred the Houſe himſelf, and demands the ſix Members, who was not there, upon this the people came thrunging to Weſtminſter in diſcontent; and the Parliament judged their priviledges broken, the King went to Hampton Court, people Petition that the Malitia may be put into the hands of the Parliament; the King refuſes it, and went to York, ſending the Parliament word he would go over Sea againſt the Iriſh; and would arme a lifeguard of 220 horſe & foot; but by letters intercepted from the Lord Digbie, the Parl. ſuſpected ſomething elſe, and appoint Hotham not to yeeld Hull to the King, the K. ſummond the Country as being in danger of the Parliament, the Parliament declared ſuch extraordinary arming of men to be againſt the Laws, many of the Lords and Commons went to the King; the Parliament ſent propoſitions to him, who not conſenting, they order money and Plate to be brought in, for Religion the King and Laws, the King did the like Proclaming againſt their Warrants for the Malitia, they forbid raiſing armes by the Kings warrant, and get an Army under Eſſex, of fourteen thouſand, the King beſieges Hull, looſes twenty one men in a retreat, the King ſets up his Standard for men, ſends for a Compoſure, but the Parliament would not treat till he had revokt his Proclamation, calling them Rebels, the Armies at Edge-hill fight, both ſides took priſoners, 5000 was ſlaine, moſt of the Kings, and Ruthen his general a priſoner died of his wounds.

The French gets Tarine from the Spaniards, and many Victories, the Pirates of Argier take a Spaniſh Ship, valeu'd at about three hundred thouſand pound. A Countryman killing a hogg before three of his Children, one of which being ſix years old, the other two kil'd their brother in their fathers abſence, and boaſt of it, their Mother threw her ſelfe for grief in a Well, and her husband hang'd himſelf. The Emperor Fard, beheads ſome of his commanders for not fighting, makes peace with the Turks for twenty years.

In England many victories and places are got, ſome by the King, ſome by the Parliament, who rais'd exciſe; tried and executed Chalanor for a plot againſt them.

About this time was the revolt of Portugall, a place of 800 miles Circute, 400 miles by the Sea, this once belong'd to the King of Caſteel, and was under an Earle, whoſe Son gaining much from the Moores, was made General, fought with five Mahomitan Kings, their Army being about 400 thouſand, the King of Caſteel made this Earle the firſt King of Portugal, who was confirmed by the Pope, at laſt the King of Caſteel and Portugal fell to wars, and moreover a Cardinall coming to be King, and dying without Iſſue, many pretending right to it, the people, the Pope alſo as Doner of Crownes in controverſies, but the Dutcheſs of Burgance was ſuppoſed the true Heir, but the King of Spaine alſo pretended a title, which being ſupported by armes, in two battles aſſiſted by the French, he ſubdues Portugal, but ruling of them hardlie by impoſitions, and liſting yearly four thouſand Portugizes, they was weary of the Spaniſh Government, and both Prieſts and People ſought deliverance; the King of Spaine ſends for the Duke of Burgance, Count Oliverz excuſes his coming to Court, but aſſures the King of the Dukes affection, the K. makes him chief over his Malitia; the Nobilty and Arch Biſhops meet and tell the Duke of Burgance, of their deſire to make him King, who ſeem'd to deſire time to conſider of it, but the buſineſs was ſo unanimouſly carried on, that on a ſet day by the ſigne of a ſhot from Lisbone, they fell on upon the guards in ſeveral places by Land and Sea, killing only one Swiſe, and threw the Kings Secretary (their great enemy) out of a window, and ſackt his houſe, but in about two hours all the ſhops was open, and all quiet, rejoycing in their King John, who promis'd to run all hazards, for his Countries good; the plot took effect at the ſame time in other places and Caſtles alſo in the Indies, and elſwhere abroad, the Spaniards being quietly ſent home without blood. The Lords ſpiritual and temporal & Commons in Parliament confirmed the King, the Marqueſs of Furara gave the oath of allegian;e to the Clergie and others; the King was after Crowned by the Arch-biſhop of Lisbone, attended with the Nobility; the King had put into his hand a Chryſtall Scepter, he altered but very few officers of State; the Parliament would have enacted him ſome monies, but he rather choſe to accept of the peoples benevolence, which amounted to four millions of gold, this news aſtoniſht the Court at Madrid, that a Kingdome ſhould be loſt by lights and fireworks, and ever ſince they have continued in war with Portugal.

Rome fortified, fearing the Spaniard, for receiving a Portugall Ambaſſador. The Queen of France upon a vow to the Ladie Lauretta for health reſtored to the Dolphin, ſends twelve hundred weight of ſilver, and an Image of Jeſus. The Emperor redeemes the Image of Marie of the Sweedes with 10000 Florenes, after the Sweede fights him for 8 hours, took 289 officers, after took in eight places. Wrangle alſo beats the Dane, but the Dane makes peace with both Sweede & Dutch.

In England the Parliament get aſſiſtance of the Scots, the King by a ceſſation in Ireland, gets ſome thence, who were quickly broaken, but the Scots took in many places, weakned Newcaſtles army in the North, with whom at Marſton-More, the Parliaments army, Mancheſter and Fairfax being now made chief commanders fight, the Parliaments left wing was firſt worſted, but Cromwel who commanded under Fairfax, broke the Kings left wing, Laſhly the Scot purſuing, and Cromwel coming about again with his horſe, releev'd the left, and got the victory, took bag and baggage, and 100 Enſignes, after the Scots took Newcaſtle. In Cornewal, Eſſex being incompaſſed, the foot ſubmitted to the King, the horſe forcing their way, and eſcaping as they could, Eſſex flying to Plymouth; Propoſitions was ſent by the Parliament to Oxford about Religion, Ireland Malitia, but nothing done, Fairfax is voted General, a new Army is modeld, foreigne Ambaſſadors ſought to agree the King and Parliament. The King & Prince Rupert fight the new Army, routed their left wing, Cromwel did the like by the King, and Skippon weakning their foot, Cromwel forcing the Ks. horſe to flight, the foot was taken, & 4000 brought priſoners through London, about 600 on both ſides ſlain, moſt of the Conquerors: Fairfax's Army by Crumwels meanes, loſe not an hour, takes in many places, and Hopton was ſpoyled by Waller in the Weſt: The Parliament would not accept of the Kings offers made to their Commiſſioners at Ʋxbridge; the Scots was to hard for Montroſs, though ſometimes vexed by him, but at laſt they utterly overthrew him, tried and executed him.

The French take Graveline by a laborious ſiege, the great Vizor preſents himſelf, arm'd before the Turke, complaining of disaffected perſons, but he is ſtab'd; the Dutch paſs through the Daniſh Seas whether they will or no, but a Tower giving light to Marriners being remov'd, fourteen of their ſhips was daſhed againſt rocks, there was burnt at Conſtantinople 1000 houſes, 15000 ware houſes.

In July 1647. The Duke of Arots, Viſeroy of Naples, for the King of Spaine impoſed taxes among other commodities upon fruits, upon which the people gave out mutenous words; the Viſeroy conſulted with the precincts of the City, who ſome of them advanc'd much money upon the gabell or tax, the noiſe was that if this was taken off another would be ſet upon Corne, one Maſianello a ſpritely fellow of a middle Stature, in a blew Waſtcoat, and barefoot, with a Marriners cap, an Anglier for little fiſh, adviſed the Fruiterers to tell the Country Fruiterers in the Market place, that they would buy no more Gabel fruit; the next day the ſhopkeepers refuſed to buy, but one of the Citizens perſwaded them to buy for the preſent, but Maſianello went up and downe, cryed avant Gabel, Let the King of Spaine live, and the ill Government die, many boyes and others being got together, he told them, I will free you from all your ſlaveries, if you will be ruld by me, and he liſted 2000 againſt a Feſtivall, with a ſtick in every ones hand, upon which day the people ſet up a Caſtle of wood, and battered it down with ſticks and fruit; an Officer at the ſame time threatning the Fruiterers, a Couſen of Maſianello ſaying, God gives plenty, and ill Government gives dearth, through his fruite downe among the people. Maſianello hit one of the City Officers on the breaſt with a ſtone, and cried no Gabel no Gabel, the people increaſed with armes, to whom Maſianello ſaid, be merry companions, this poor Fiſherman ſhall releaſe Naples from Tyranny; upon which the people fier'd the houſe with accounts, next to the Tolehouſe, then the Gabel houſes for other commodities, after above 10000 went to the Viſeroys Pallace with loaves of bread on their Pikes, and cried, they would be freed from all taxes, the Viſeroy promis'd that of fruit ſhould be wholly aboliſht, and part of that of Corne, but they not ſatisfied, forc'd upon his lodgings through the Soldiers, but he eſcaped to a Church; and the Archbiſhop promis'd them they ſhould be fully ſatisfied, but they deſiring that ſome may be inrol'd to ſee this done; the Viſeroy got to St. Elmo's Caſtle, the people now about fifty thouſand diſarm all guards, and routed a regiment of Germans going to the Viſeroy, who ſent ſome Lords to tell the people they ſhould have what they deſired, but they demanded the Originall of the old grants, that no new tax ſhould be impoſed without conſent of the Pope, a Copie of this being brought by a Duke, they found a fault, and cried out they was cheated, and ſo impriſon'd the Duke; then they went and burnt ſeveral Officers of the Cuſtome houſes, and many rich embroyderies, Pearles, precious ſtones, was caſt into the fire, Maſianello hanging many that kept ſeveral things to themſelves, and he ſearched divers houſes for Armes: The Viſeroy ſent an inſtrument to them to take off all taxes, and to pardon them, but the pardon they ſaid was not full; the third day they went to the Secretaries houſe, burnt his writings, Coaches, Pictures, and Jewels of all kinds; they demanded the Tower where the bell hung to ſound to war, and quickly forc'd the Soldiers out, and ſtraitned the Caſtle, where the Viſeroy was; the Arch-biſhop brought the Originall, and pardon, but they cryed out, they was the Kings good Vaſſals; and ſo went on with their Malitia, & made Maſianello their captain, who erected a place to hear Petitions: the fourth day he ſent to have the Duke of Caivanons houſe deſtroyd, which the people did, ſpoyling the Marble Statues in his garden, while a Treaty was held, and the Inſtrument brought again, one Parone an aſſiſtant of Marſianello, with conſent of the Duke of Matalonie brought 500 of the Bandati, pretending for the people, which Parone would have ſtay together on horſeback, but Maſianello commanding them to be diſperc'd among the foot, ſome of them ſhot at him, upon which they miſſing him, the people ſeazed on the ſoldiers, and Parones head was cut off, who confeſt a plot of powder againſt the people; Maſianello miſſing the Duke Matalonie, beheaded his brother Caraffa, he ſearcht and found much powder in vaults, now he had above 100 thouſand with him arm'd, who obey'd him at a minute; he ſet Centinells and ſpies, mad an order that none ſhould goe with upper garments, leaſt they carry armes, which the Nobility, Cardinalls, and all obeyed, now the Viſeroy aſſuring them they ſhould have all their priviledges, and be accounted the Kings Children, Maſianello went in cloath of ſilver, as the Archbiſhop adviſed him to the Viſeroy, who embraced him, and both coming to a belcony, the people cried, let the King of Spain live, but he putring his finger to his mouth, all was ſilent; he puniſht with death any robbery by his ſouldiers, and went the next day (the Streets being hung with rich Tapeſtery to confirme Articles) which the Officers of State ſwore to get the King of Spaine to confirm, after Muſick, and the Ordinance playing, he return'd to the people pulling off his rich, and putting on his fiſhers cloathes, he gave the Biſhop of Severine a paſſe, and five hundred double piſtols to bare his charges, after he ſpent a day in mirth, drinking to his hurt, the next day he inſolently ſtruck his Captaines without cauſe, ſent for 2 Lords to come to him, who complaining to the Viſeroy, it was thought good to perſwade the people now to depend no more on Maſiauello, but the Viſeroy, and after Maſianello being inflam'd in Drink, playing mad tricks, was laid hold of, but eſcaping told the Archbiſhop that he now perceived the people to hate him he deſired a proceſſion to the moſt holy Lady for him, after a while he went into the Hall where ſome ruſht upon him; and kild him

In England Oxford was beſieged, one of the Kings laſt refuges, he gets out to the Scots Army, who receiving 400000 l. delivers his perſon to the Parliament; Oxford yeelded ſome time after; the Army complaine they had not what they fought for, and they removed the King, impeached 11 Members; the Parliament paſſed voates againſt the Army, and Adjourned four daies, many members going to the Army, a preparation was making to oppoſe the Army, which ſoon vaniſht at the Armies approach to London, the Army reſtored the Members that came to them, and declared they was willing to cloſe with the King; the Scots deſire to have him out of their hands, he was admited to Hampton-Court, he refuſed to conſent to propoſitions ſent him, and gets privately to the Iſle of Wight, and ſends to treate at London with ſafety.

The Parliament then ſends four Propoſitions, which the King refuſing, they vote no more Adreſſes, which cauſes a riſing about Colcheſter, and a great Army under Hambleton comes out of the North, which Cromwell beat; the Parliament yet treat, the Army cry for Juſtice upon offenders, but the Parliament Vote▪ the Kings conſeſſions ſatisfactorie, the Armie put out ſome Members, bring the King to Windſor, then the Parliament, Vote the Commons the ſupreame Authority, make a Court to try the King, who appearing, deſired to ſpeak with both Houſes, but the Court ſentenc'd him to loſe his head; after Hambleton and Capel loſt their lives alſo.

The Pope warrs with the Duke of Parma, but being beaten, layes it to a Marqueſs. The French in fight took 6000 priſoners, and 40 great guns; and the Spaniards alſo yeelds Ipre; the Tartars and Coſſack, over run Poland, took 2000 in fight, after deſtroyed 8000 Jews, 20000 natives; the Pole yeelds them the Ceremonies and demands they crave after quaraling againe was beaten. The Venetian beating the Turks at Dardenel, the Governor and three Baſhaws was ſlain at Conſtantinple, on pretence of cowardize or falſneſs.

In England the Parliament Voted a Common-wealth Government, make Cromwel; Deputy of Ireland, the young King comes over Sea by agreement into Scotland, & is Crown'd by them; Fairfax refus'd co goe againſt the Scots, but Cromwel was Voted General, who at Dunbar with a weake ſickly Army overthrew the Scots, took 15000 Armes; Kings, Biſhops, and baniſht perſons Lands was ſold, mony was Coined with the States Armes, & Edinburgh yeilded.

In Holland, the Prince of Orange attempted to ſeize Amſterdam by horſe and foot, coming in the night, but it was fruſtrated by Poſt letters, giving knowledge, and the Sluces let open. A civil war overſpread France, by ſome Princes ſtanding up for the ſervile people therein; Cardinal Mazarine was baniſht, but after the ſtir he was admitted, and Condie ſlited; the Venetian in the haven of Fogio takes from the Turk 72 Oaregallies, 18 other ſhips, and 60 laden, alſo a Baſhaw, and 7000 men, all with the loſs of 9 men: upon which the Turk brings the Chriſtians to whips and chains but by the French Orator apeaſed him, but he ſtops Engliſh Ships, comes again, but the Venetian ſlew 1500: This year the Sulton had ſeaven ſons in one moneth borne to him.

The King of Brittain gets a great Army in Scotland, but ſome Engliſh landing at Queens Ferre, beat a party of the Scots of about 4000, and took B • r • twood; the King ſteered towards Worceſter with about 15000 the Presbyterian joynd with the Northern Army, and Love taken at a meeting in London, was after beheaded by a high Court of Juſtice; the King was Proclam'd King of great Brittain at Worceſter, Cromwell leaving Monck in Scotland, haſted to Worceſter, where ſeveral forces met him, after he had with a ſharp conflict gain'd a paſs over Severn and Powick bridge, overthrew the Scots, who fought ſtoutly, then he run into the Towne killing in the ſtreets and elſewhere about 3000, took • 000, Hambleton dying of his wounds, the King got into an Oake in a wood, 500 l. was offered to any that ſhould detect him, but cutting his hair and diſguiſ'd in habit, he with the aſſiſtance of a Lady got beyond Sea; the Earle of Darby who had got about 1400 was routed by Lilburnes Regiment; and after beheaded, many of the Nobility in Scotland was apprehended; the Parliament reward Cromwel, make an Act of Navigation, which enrageth the Dutch.

In France, Condie armes, could not be appeaſed, who with the Parliament of Paris urg'd the Decree againſt Cardinal Mazarine; the Cardinall with Armes oppoſeth him by the Kings order.

The Engliſh fight with the Dutch at Sea, for refuſing to ſtrike the Topſail, and to allow the tenth herring; while an Ambaſſador from Holland, and a Treaty was at London, Trump came with 42 ſail towards the Brittiſh Sea, where he loſt one and forty men by the Engliſh, after which follow'd ſeveral more fights, in one of which Trump was ſlaine, above 20 men of War ſunk, 1000 priſoners. About this time the French going to releive Dunkirk, was by the Engliſh, by reaſon of the breſt men taking Engliſh Ships by the Kings Commiſſion ſcatterd, and Dunkirk yeelded to the Spaniard; Cromwel diſſolved the Parliament, fearing their too long ſitting, declared a Counſell of State, nominated a Parliament, many of which being high for Tyhes, and againſt toleration, the other part incenſt went out of the houſe with the Speaker, delivering their receiv'd power into the hands of Cromwel, who the Officers of the Army made Protector, with a Council of 21 who made peace with the Dutch, put the Papiſts in Ireland all to one Province. Powel and Gerrard was executed for a plot to ſeaſe the guards; he ſummons another Parliament, agreeing with the Sheriffs that they ſhould not alter the Government, reſerving liberty to Adjourn them at ſuch a time, after which he diſſolved them, broke with Spaine, ſent an Army to Hiſpaniola, who grew faint when they landed, and was eaſily repulſed, but after ſeaſed Iamaica Iſland. There was ſeveral riſings now in Armes; Penruduck and others was executed, Cromwel appointed Major Generals in the Countries, who took the tenth part of the Eſtates of thoſe that aſſiſted the King; Cromwel makes a peace with the French, that they exclude the King of England.

Condie for hatred of Cardinall Mazarine, falls from the French Court and joynd with the Spaniard. The Moſcovite falls upon the Pole, upon matter of honour, the Pole deſired the Swedes aſſiſtance, upon which he would not lay any claime more to Swedeland; the Queen of Swedeland reſigned up her Crown to her Couſen, and was by the Popes Nuntio in the Duke of Tyrolls Country, upon her owning the Catholick Religion, with a deal of Pomp and ceremonies abſolv'd of all her ſins. At Cullen in Germany many was diſtraind for not ſtrowing flowers on a Sacrament day. Colonell Doylie wrote of the good condition of Iamaica; the Engliſh hd ſurpriſed there 6000 Spaniards who had hid themſelves.

In the Magulls Country there is a City calld Nagracus, where there is a Chappell pav'd of Plate of pure gold, where is plac'd an Idoll call'd Matta, viſited yearly by thouſands of Indians, who cut off part of their tongus to offer in ſacrifice to it. Alſo in the ſame Province they goe to Iallamack, where out of cold ſprings, and hard Rocks are daily ſeen unceſſant eruptions of fire, before which they fall downe and Worſhip.

In the year 1655. the Duke of Saxony condemn'd a man for ſtealing a Deer, to be bound in chaines upon a Stagg, his feet faſt under the beaſts belly, with an Iron Chaine ſoldered, and his hand alſo in the ſame manner chained to the hornes, and ſo ſet looſe to run away with him; the Stagg having run near a hundred Engliſh miles, upon a direct line, in twenty ſix hours time, coming near ſome waggoners who came out of Sileſia, fell downe, wherefore the poor man ſitting on his back, told them the buſineſs, and earneſtly begged of them to ſhoot him, to put him out of his pain, but they durſt not, fearing the Duke; in the mean time the Stagg getting up run away with all his might, ſo the miſeries that poor creatures undergone, if the Stagg killed him not in running, cannot be expreſſed.

In England the Protector calls another Parliament, who would have made him King, but he could not take it upon him: The Engliſh Fleet much ſpoyl'd the Spaniſh Indian ſilver Fleet. Sir Henry Slingsby, and Dr. Hewit was now beheaded for a conſpiracy.

Cromwell according to agreement with the King of France, ſent over into Flanders 6000 foot, which did the French great ſervice in taking Mountmedi, St. Venant, and the fort of Mardike: Now the King of England had 2000 Engliſh, Scots, and Iriſh unimployed, which the King of Spaine with conſent ſends with ſome others commanded by the Duke of York to aſſault Mardike, but they after ſix houres conflict was forc'd to retire, upon which the Engliſh and French ſtraitly beſieged Dunkirk; to oppoſe them, the Dukes of Auſtria, and York, and Condie aſſembled 16000 horſe and foot; 300 Engliſh foot gave the firſt onſet, who routing the Spaniſh foot, the horſe fled, and the French purſued them, till the Duke of York reſiſted, but he was overpower'd, and 2000 of the Spaniards fide was priſoners: after which, the Governor of Dunkirk, the Marqueſs of Leda being ſlaine in a ſallie, Dunkirk was ſurrendred upon conditions, and by the King of France and Cardinal in perſon, put into the hands of the Engliſh.

About this time the Proteſtants of Piedmont was by their Duke of Savoy, through the inſtigation of the Prieſts, cruely forc'd into the woods; the Proteſtants in many parts, eſpecially England, contributed largely to them, and at laſt Cromwell Protector of England got the King of France to mediate with the Duke for peace with them.

The Swede gathers a great Army, having made a league with Brandenburgh comes into the Poles Country, taking divers places as far as Wſee without a blow; the Pole rendezvous 36 miles from Warſow, had a hallowed ſword ſent him, but the Swede giving him a great overthrow, the King of Poland fled to Cracovia, which yeelded to the Swede; and the Pole fled towards Hungarie. An Envoy came from the King of Polands Standardbarer, in his name, and other of the Nobility, that ſeeing their King was fled out of his Country, they ſubmitted to the King of Swedeland as their Soveraign. Elbin yeelded, and the King of Swed. made his Chancellor Governor of Pruſſia; the Swede followed the King of Poland in Sileſia, beates him, taking ſeaven Standards, and ſends to block up Danzick, gives the Pole a great overthrow at Warſovia, and now when the Pole in a manner loſt all, the Moſcovite comes into Lieſland againſt the Swede, & beſieges Riga, and the Emperor of Germany became the Swedes open enemy; the Dane alſo came againſt him by Sea and Land, and beſieged Bremerverden, from whence (the Swede coming) quickly drove him to Iutland, the Swede goes then to Hulſten, alſo takes Fredericks Ode, after by the froſt gets Funen Iſland, the Poles now took Liſna, deſtroyed many Proteſtants, went into Pruſſia to Thorn: the Swede and Dane make peace; an Envoy came to the Swede from Cromwell Protector of England, to aſſure him the Swedes enemies ſhould be his enemies.

The pretended Lord Protector of England with fourteen daies ſickneſs died, the Ducth demanded of the Portugall the Iſle of St. Thomas, & commerce with Brazeel. The Turk demands double cuſtome of the Chriſtians at Ieruſalem.

The French and ſome Engliſh enter Oſtend on a ſurpriſe, but are beaten out.

The Swede returne upon the Dane, get into Zealand, and beſiege Copenhagen where was the King and Nobles of Denmark, Corenburgh Caſlte was yeelded to the Swede; the Dane in a ſally had 1500 diſperſt; the Dutch fought for the Dane near Shoven, where they loſt eight Ships, 100 men, with Wittie Wittiens that died of his wounds, the Swede only looſing two Ships, but attempting to ſtorm Copenhagen loſt many valorous Officers and Soldiers, in the tedious time of the Legure; the King of Swedeland fell ſick and died, adviſing his Counſell to peace.

The K. of France marries the K. of Spains daughter, & concludes a peace, who had been long enemies. Embaſſadors come to the King of England from France, Venice, Holland, to deſire Amity; & Peace is ſuppoſed to be between England and Spaine; war being made only by Cromwel.

The Turks with an Army of 80 thouſand Tatrars now marches towards Germany, ſubdues Tranſilvania, places Soloni Gàber Prince, carries away many thouſand Chriſtians Captives.

THE Emperors of Conſtantinople on their Coronation day, had a Maſon to preſent to them Marble Stones, uſeing theſe words, Chooſe Mighty Sir under which of theſe Stones, Your pleaſure is ere long to lay your Bones.

Panopion flying, his Bondman chang'd apparrell with him, and lay down in his bed; I willingly yeelding the Soldiers ſhould ſtay him (as they did) for his Maſter.

A Court Paraſite commending the Emperor Sigiſmond to his face, the Emperor gave him a ſound box on the ear.

In China they uſe to whip their Gods, if they help them not when they pray unto them.

Francis King of France conſulting how to lead his Army over the Alps, his Fool ſprang from a Corner, ſaying, rather take care how you ſhall bring your Army back againe.

The Romans ready to joyne battle with the Albanes, three Champions was choſe on both ſides (to avoid bloudſhed) to end the battel, two of the Romans being ſlaine, the other fled, but the three Albanes purſuing him ſlowly by reaſon of their wounds, and being at a diſtance from one another, he returned and ſlew one after anonother, ſo the day fell to the Romans.

Solon was ſo humble, as he could not by the Athenians and friends be perſwaded to accept of the honour of Soveraignty.

The Cretans brought up their ſons from their youth in difficult labors to prevent idleneſs Scandenbtrg uſed to ſleep but two hours in a night.

Mithridates King of Pontus kil'd his Mother, Brother, Three Sons and three Daughters to get the Crowne, who was after ſlaine by another Son.

Alexander moſt ingratefully in a Feaſt ſlew Clitus whoſe mother had been his nurſe, and who a little before ſaved Alexanders life: and Muleaſes King of Tunis tortured to death Meſ • ar, and Maenifet, by whoſe meanes he had obtaind the Kingdom, grieving to ſee them alive, to whom he was ſo much beholding.

Vortigar King of the Brittains, being in Wine was inſnared by the Daughter of Hengiſt the Saxon, to the undoeing of the Brittiſh Nation.

Lewis King of France uſed three dayes in a week publickly to hear grevances, and right the wrongs of his people.

The King of Poland when his ſervant loſt his hand in the warrs, he ſent him a golden hand.

Two of Dr. Ʋſhers Aunts was blind from the Cradle, and never ſaw Letter, yet taught him to read, and could repeat any part of the Bible.

When many Turks in aſſaulting Alba Regalin had got upon a fort, a Hungarian woman thruſt in among the ſoldiers, and with a Scithe ſtruck off two Turks heads, which ſo incouraged the ſoldiers, that the Turks was repeled.

The Daughter of Tarpia betraying her Father, and Tower that he was Governor of, to the King of Sabins, for all the Sabin ſoldiers wore upon their left arme, aiming at their bracelets, coming for her reward, King Tatius ordered the ſoldiers to throw bracelets and ſhields both from their armes upon her, and ſo cruſht her to death.

Among the Turks, the grand Signeuor is not exepted from a trade. Mahomet the great made wooden ſpones; another Sulton made notches for Bows. The Egyptians made a law that thoſe which could not ſhow how they liv'd ſhould be put to death.

King Perſes being overcome by Emelus, grew into ſuch paſſion as to ſlay two of his Nobles that came to comfort him.

A German falling into the hands of Theeves, ſaid to a company of Crows, you are witneſſes of my death, the Theeves three years after being merry together, ſeeing ſome Crowes, ſaid, yonder be the witneſſes of our Murther, which words overheard, they was examined and executed.

In the Eaſt-India they uſe to ſing the prayſes of the King when he goes abroad, calling him Lord of the Sun and Moon, King of Land and Rivers, in every thing great, great witch great lyon, and ſo great any thing.

In the firſt year of King Charles of England 1625. died in London of the Plague, within the Bill of mortality, threeſcore and three thouſand perſons.

Many Dutch men in Joppa being drunk on St. Martins day, the Turks came ſuddainly upon them, and cut the throats of twenty thouſand.

Alexander the great drank himſelf to death.

A young King of France ſcoffing at William the Conquerors great belly, when he was ſick, ſaying he lay in at Roan: William recovered, marcht to Paris, to ſhow him his up riſing, alſo ſackt Nants. Henry the third of France would have his jeſter between him and Cardinall, at ſolum proceſſioning.

Caeſar Burgia uſed to ſay, aut Caeſar, aut Nullus, but not long after was ſlain, and Menorates a Phyſitian curing ſome deſperate diſeaſes, would be called Jupiter.

One Averny forſwaring himſelfe, could not ſpeak a word till by inward repentance, his tongue untied.

Pope John the 22. left in his treaſury to his Heirs two hundred and 50 tuns of Gold.

The auncient Romans uſed when the Moon was eclipſt to make a great noiſe with baſons and panns to call her again.

Becket a Traytor to King Henry the ſecond being murthered, was firſt obſcurely buried, but after was made Martyr by the Pope, and laid in a ſumptuous ſhrine, to which many great perſons came in Pilgrimage with moſt rich offers, the prints of their kneeling to his Tomb is to be ſeen at Canterbury to this day.

Philip King of France ordained that men that ſwore or blaſphemed ſhould be drowned.

Cicero, though he was not rich would not take a fee at pleading any cauſe.

The Spaniards will be rich in apparrell, though poor in purſe, and if he hath a Capon to ſupper, the feathers muſt be ſtrowed before the dore next morning.

Titus ſaid, he had rather periſh by others, then deſtroy them; and two of the Senators convinced of affecting the Empire, he told them that was at Gods diſpoſal, but if they askt any thing elſe he would give it them.

Dionyſius the Tyrant puniſht a Phyſitian becauſe he could ſing, and Plato the Phyloſopher becauſe he could diſpute better then himſelf.

Cineus the Orator won for the King of Ipyrus more Townes by his eloquence, then the King himſelf by the ſword.

The ſon of Craeſus ſeeing one running at his father with a drawn ſword, through ſtrong affection, though dumb all his life before, cried O kill not the King.

The rich Cardinal of Wincheſter that procured the death of the good Duke of Gloceſter, King Henry the ſixth being ſtruck with an incurable diſeaſe, cryed fie will not death be hired, will money doe nothing.

An Earle that uſed commonly to ſay, let me be drown'd in a privy, if ſuch a thing be not ſo, was ſo drown'd at St. Peters Monaſtery at Erford.

Sila put to death all he could remember and caus'd it to be regeſtred, that he had precribed and put to death 4700 Citizens of Rome.

Contentions was ſo great in Conſtantius time between the Biſhops, that they brought whole bundles of Petitions againſt one another to the Emperor, who (deſirous of Peace) burnt them without reading.

Cardinall Langi acknowledged that formation of the Maſſe was needful and liberty of meats convenient, but that Lather ſhould reform all that was not to be endured.

Catos Daughter being married to Brutus, who conſpiring againſt Julius Caeſar, being troubled in mind, and not imparting it to his wife obſerving it, ſhe being grieved, took a raſor and wounded her thigh, and loſing much blood fell into a Feaver, and after, at hearing of her husbands death, killd her ſelf.

The firſt Chriſtian King in the world was Luſius of the Brittains. The firſt Chriſtian Emperor Conſtantine was borne in England. England is called the Granery of the Weſtern world, the Pope formerly received yearly from hence more then Ten tuns of Gold.

Cleobis and Bilon brethren in Greece lov'd their mother ſo dearely as they harneſſed themſelves to draw her Coach when ſhe was to goe to Junoes Temple.

Some Elephants the Magull keeps to execute Malefactors, ſome they paſh to death preſently, others they break their joynts by degrees as they are bid.

William the Conqueror gave a mannor and certain yard-lands in Buckingamſhire, to one upon this condition, that the poſſeſſor thereof ſhould find litter for the Kings Bed when he came that way.

Rubenius Celer would needs have it ingraven on his Tomb, that he had lived with his wife Ennea fortie three years, and yet they never fell out.

In a battel when the Perſians was overthrown by the Turks, many women was ſlain that being arm'd followd their husbands in the battel.

Cleopatra Queen of Egppt, at a banquet drunk up a pearl diſſolved worth fifty thouſand pounds, and one diſh at ſecond courſe was valued at two hundred and fifty peeces of gold.

When the bloody Danes raged in England, they coming to a Nunnery at Coldington in Scotland, Ebba the proreſſe with the reſt of the Nuns, cut off their own noſes and lips, choſing rather to preſerve their virginity, then their beauty, yet the Danes burnt the Monaſtery, and them in it.

Godfrie of Bulligne with his followers in four years conquered all the goodlieſt Provinces of Aſia, in one fight his men ſtood in blood to the anckles; in another he ſlew a hundred thouſand Turks or Infidells.

Two brothers, followers of Phythagoras lov'd ſo intirely that Dionyſius condemning one, the other offered to dye in his ſtead, which the Tyrant ſeeing, deſired to be a third in their affection.

Pericles was ſo patient as he diſpatcht much buſineſs, and after came ſoftly to his houſe at night, and ordered his man to light home a fellow that had been railing at him all the day.

Theomeſticles by the ſtrength of his memory, could call all his ſoldiers by name.

King Romulus was firſt a Shepheard, Priſcus a baniſht ſtranger, and Servius a Bond ſlave as his name imports.

Calvin an eye witneſs teſtifies that when Geneva embraſed the Goſpell, the Magiſtrates found by viſiting the relicks, that what was adored as the braine or St. Peter, was a Pummis ſtone, and Anthonies arm was the ſinew of a Stag: the parcell of wood in Europe which the Papiſts ſay, are parts of Chriſts Croſſe, will load a ſhip, though the Croſſe was no more then a man could bare.

Boca di porco or Swinſmouth being choſe Pope, changed his name Sergius, which preſident his ſucceſſors follow, if one be a Tyrant, he is called Clemens, if unjuſt, Inoſent.

Micypſa on his death-bed cauſed all his ſons to write this ſentence in golden letters, by concord ſmall things are increaſed, by diſcord, great things are overthrown.

Ten Noble virgins delivered by the Romans as hoſtages to Parſonna, upon Peace with him, being abroad without guard, eſcapt home, but Publica Conſul to the Romans returned them again, though his own Daughter was one of them.

De Thermes a French General knighted a ſoldier for firſt mounting a bulwark, and an hour after hang'd him for doing it without command.

Henry the fourth K. of England, when his eldeſt ſon Prince of Wales was committed by the Lord chief Juſtice for afronting him on the Bench thanked God he had a Judge ſo impartiall, and a ſon ſo obedient to ſubmit to Juſtice.

The Egyptians being releeved with Corne by King Apis, and the Corn being done by the labor of the Ox, they worſhipt Apis under the form of a pide Ox.

In Poland there was bred a ſtinking diſeaſe, by reaſon of a vicious humor, glewing together the haire of the head, in the form of little Serpents full of naſtineſs, yielding if pricked blood, and the cutting of this haire at firſt would cauſe the humor to torter ſome other part of the body.

Eroſtratus a young man, to make himſelf famous, and to perpetuate his name, ſet on fire Diana's Temple at Epheſus, one of the Statelieſt fabricks of the world.

Eunomius the heretick, boaſting he knew God, Baſil to convince him of his ignorance, graveld him in twenty one queſtions about the piſmire.

A Spaniſh Cobler lying on his deathbed, laid a ſpeciall charge upon his eldeſt ſon, to retain the Majeſty worthy his family.

The Mahomitans pray with a ſtill voyce, uſeing many words, which ſet forth the omnipotency, eternity, and other atributes of God, and acknowledge themſelves burthens to the earth, poyſon to the Air, dareing not to look to heaven, but comfort themſelves in Mahomet, and pray five times a day, at 6.9.12.3. and 6. at night.

King Sapores ſtraitly beſieging Niſibis, upon the prayer of a devout man God ſent an Army of Gnatts and Flies that tormented away the Perſians.

A Varlot betraying the Iſle of Rhodes to the Turk, to have his daughter, was after told by the Turk, that if he ſhould be his ſon in law, he muſt not be a Chriſtian, but a Muſleman within and without, and ſo fleyed off his baptiſed skin; and put him in a bed ſtrewed with ſalt, to get a new skin, killing him with ſhame and torment.

Judge Morgan Lord chief Juſtice of the Common pleas, refuſing any witneſs to ſpeak, or any other matter to be heard in favour of the adverſary, her Majeſty being partie, the Queen declared that her pleaſure was, that whatever could be brought in favour of the Subject ſhould be admitted.

Micithus ſervant to Tyrant Aneuxilus was left by his dying maſter to be Viceroy during his childrens minority, who behaved himſelf ſo gently and juſtly, that the people thought him fit to rule, but notwithſtanding he reſigned to the Children at age his power, and therewithall the Treaſures he by providence had heaped up, and contenting himſelf with a ſmall pittance, he went and liv'd privately, but with great reſpect.

Ariſtides the Athenian would not favour any mans cauſe, becauſe he was his friend, or doe injuſtice to any, becauſe he was his enemy, once ſeeing an enemy that the Judge was ſo angry with as to hear no more of his cauſe; Ariſtides beg'd at the Judges feet, that his offender might make his defence. Ariſtides being at another time Judge between two private men, one of them ſaid, Sir, this man hath done you wrong alſo, to whom Ariſtides replied, friend I am here to doe thee right, not my ſelf.

M. Cato priſed every Citizens goods, and rated their apparrel, coaches, wives chaines, and Jewels, to the end that thoſe which were ſo ſuperfluous in thoſe things, ſhould pay the more ſubſidie to defray the charge of the Commonwealth.

Demoſthenes being baniſht by his ungrateful Citizens departing out of the City, perſwaded the young men, not to meddle with matters of State, aſſuring them that if they had offered him two wayes at firſt, the one to goe into the aſſemblies, to make Orations to the people, the other to be put to death preſently, and that he had known as he now did the troubles that man ſuffers that medles in the affairs of the Commonwealth together with the fear, envie, accuſations, that attend the ſame, he would have choſen death rather then the other.

Archimedes was ſo hard at his Mathematicall ſtudie when Syracuſe was taken that he heard not the noiſe, yea, not heeding even when the ſoldiers broke upon his ſtudy, they thinking he ſlited them, a ſoldier run him through.

Pithagorus liv'd a whole year in a Cave, that being ſequeſtred from the ſociety of men, he might the better ſtudie philoſophy.

Cato Ʋliſenſis did ſo induſtriouſly adict himſelf to the ſtudie of Greek Authors, that as he ſet in the Senate houſe ſhadowing his bookes with his gowne, he was upon all oportunities reading of them.

King James coming into the Library at Oxford, ſeeing the chains by which the books was faſtned, wiſht that if ever it was his deſtiny to be a priſoner, that the library might be his priſon.

Philip King of Macedon beſieging Abidus when the people ſaw that they could not eſcape, they firſt caſt their goods into the ſea, and then kild their wives and children and themſelves, leaving an emptie City for him.

Antigonus obſerving one of his ſoldiers very valiant, ready to adventure on deſperate ſervices, and yet looking pale and lean, would know what he ailed, and finding he had a dangerous diſeaſe, Antigonus uſing all the means he could, got him recovered, but perceiving after he was leſs forward then formerly, the King demanding of him the reaſon, he ingenuouſly confeſſed that he now felt the ſweetneſs of his life, and therefore was loath to looſe it.

Zalucus the lawmaker having made a law that the Adulterer ſhould loſe both his eyes, not long afar his own ſon was proved guilty before him of than ſin, whereupon to ſhew the love of a Father, and ſincerity of a Judge, he put out one of his ſons eyes, and one of his owne.

Mercurius Triſmigiſtus was in ſuch reſpect among the Egyptians, that in reverence of him, it was not lawfull to pronounce his name commonly and raſhly, how then ſhould we never uſe Gods name, but to purpoſe and with ſeriouſneſs.

If any of us Jewes (ſaith Joſephus) be asked of any point of the Law, we anſwer it as readily as if we had been asked our own name.

The Venetians puniſh with death thoſe that misimploy but a ſmall matter of the publick ſtock to their own private profit.

Phil: Melancthon tells of a play that was to be acted of the death and paſſion of Chriſt, he that acted Chriſts part on the Croſſe, was wounded to death by one that ſhould thruſt his ſword into a bladder of blood, and he with his fall killed one that acted a womans part, lamenting under the Croſſe, his brother that was firſt ſlaine, ſeeing this, ſlew the murtherer, for which himſelf by the order of Juſtice was hang'd.

Theodorick and Frederick ſlew their own brother Thraſima • d King of the Viſigothes, to get his kingdome, and after Theod: had reigned thirteen years, he was ſerved in the ſame kind by his owne brethren, who ſlew him to get his kingdome.

Cato Major accuſed (threw envy) for his vertue was forc'd to plead for himſelf forty ſix times before the people.

Charles the fifth, beſtowed (when the King of Tunis came to him) ſuch perfume upon his diſhes, that one Peacock, and two Pheaſants dreſt, coſt 100 Duckets.

Baliſarius having obtained many great victories againſt the Vandalls, and ingraven them on a pillar he erected of 100 pound weight of gold, had after through the malice of the Empreſſe, his eyes put out, and driven to ſuch want as to beg in the way ſide, pray give a half-penny to poor Baliſarius.

Mahomet the great being murmured at by his Captains, as doating upon a Lady, a wondrous beauty, he called them to ſee her in moſt rich attire, who they admired, but he to ſhew he preferred not his private affection before the publick, drew out his cemiter, and immediately cut off her head.

In the Magulls country, where mens bodyes dead are burned, many of their wives to gain the repute of loving ones, will burn with them, and will not be perſwaded from it by great proffers, from the King.

The Mahometans by their law are injoyned to make reſtitution of ill gotten goods, if they cannot preſently ſatisfie, they give bills, if they know not to whom to reſtore, they bequeath it to Hoſpitalls, Bathes, or Churches.

Cyrillus loving an only ſon unmeaſurerably giving him liberty to doe what he liſt without correction, at laſt his ſon came to be ſo vile, as to offer violence in his drunken humour to his Mother with child, killed his Father, and woundead two ſiſters to death.

Morgan Biſhop of St. Davis, who condemned Martyr Farras, and uſurpt his Biſhoprick; not long after ſtrucken by Gods anger, his meat would not goe down, but pict up againe, either at his mouth or noſe, in a horrible manner till death.

There was ſuch a Tempeſt at Cardinall Wolſies Funeral, as blew out all the Torches, and his black body ſo ſtunck, that they was fain to throw his body in his Tomb, and there leave him.

Alexander beſieging an Indian City, the people within ſet fire of it; and the ſoldiers breaking in labored not more to quench it and ſave the people, then they did to increaſe the flame, rather then be captives.

Madam Charlot de Ʋrſnes a French Lady publiſht at Paris her homilies, as they are called upon the obſcure Epiſtle on the Hebrews, with the approbation of two Doctors, Marois and Tenot, and with the priviledge of the King.

Mazentius the barbarous Tyrant would tie dead and living bodies together, and ſay let men fell themſelves die.

A Governour under the Duke of Normandy not effecting his deſire in abuſing a gentlewoman impriſon'd her husband, and cut off his head, upon which, complaint being made to the Duke, he ſent for both parties, & the Governor tremblingly confeſſing the truth, the Duke askt him if he would marry the Gentlewoman, and give her his eſtate, who yeelded to it, then askt the Gentlewoman if ſhe was willing, who adviſed by her friends, the Governor being a great man in his Princes favour, ſhe conſented, and the Duke ſaw them married, and then askt the Gentlewoman whether ſhe was ſatisfied, yes ſaid ſhe, but ſaid the Duke ſo am not I; and ſo ſent the Governor to priſon and beheaded him.

Dyogenes the conceited Phyloſopher, being one day waſhing of hearbs was told by Plato, if you could court Dyoniſius you need not waſh herbes; Dyogenes replyed, if you could waſh hearbes you need not Court Dyoniſius, and ſeeing an untoward wreſtler, undertake to cure diſeaſes, askt him whether he had now meanes to caſt thoſe to the ground, who had before worſted him.

The invention of Printing.

Lawrence Jans a rich Citizen at Harlem in the Low Countries, walking into woods for recreation, cut in peeces of wood the letters of his name, printing them on the back of his hand, which pleaſing him, he cut three or four lines, and putting Inke upon them he printed them upon paper, and joyning hereat, he determined to find out an Ink more faſtening, and with his Couſen Tho: Petreſſe got a way to print whole ſheets, but of one ſide only, after he changed his letters of wood into lead.

A prophane wretch ſwaring he believed not that the Soule ſurvived the body, and that he would ſell his Soule, which after the Devill in mans ſhape buying of him for wine, he was in the preſence of ſeveral perſons carried away and never heard of.