POmpey a Roman Ge­nerall, having sub­dued Jerusalem, and other Cities divid­ed by the ambition of the Princes of the Jewish Common-wealth; Aristobulus en­deavoring to get Cities from Jaxus's Kingdom, who was high Priest, & having quieted all in France, and overcame Tygranes who was chose King by the Sirian Princes, (which had their Countries alotted them by Alexander, son of Philip of Macedon, who overcame Da­rius, [Page 6] and brought the Empire into Greece,) Pompey then returned to Rome in Italy, part of Europe supposed to be built by Ro­mulus who kild his brother Rhemus his co­partner, which City is said at first to have been fifty miles round, but was laid in heapes by the Goths, now it standeth lower upon the bank of Tiber, and is narrower in its bounds, it was built upon seaven hills, and hath had seaven changes of Govern­ment, Kings, Consulls, Dictators, Senators, &c. It was a place where the heathen Wits and Phylosophers resorted. Pompey fell after to Warrs with Julius Caesar his kinsman, another Roman general, both striving for sole power, and Pompey not laying down arms at the Senates decree, Caesar over­threw him, who fled into Egypt, where the King fearing to harbour him, slew him.

Julius Caesar getting the power after he had overcome Pompey's sons, chose Sena­tors, conferred honors and offices upon his party, but this bred him hatred of the Senate, many conspired against him; a Souldier being taken by him, was askt how he durst goe against his Oath, who told Caesar, I was as faithfull to you as any, before you became so bad, that I saw there was no way to mend you but to rid you [Page 7] out of the world; at last hew as thrust threw in the Senate, by those he had shew­ed most kindness to, the Senate burning his body.

Octavius Austus, Caesars sisters son, was adop­ted, he is joyned with two Consulls, with a Proconsulls power, he overcame Antonius that obtained the government of France, in which fight Caesars two Consulls was slain, after which he gets higher, and over­coming Brutus and Antonius again, Caesars Navie being above three hundred Ships, he became Emperor of Reme; Tiberius ob­tained to be Tribune for five years. In the two and forty year of Julius Caesar Christ came into the world, at which time the Temple of Janus was shut up, Judea now paid Tribute, and Herod was made Kings, the Scepter departing from Judah, at Messias coming is foretold, which Herod was an Idumean, a Jew by profession, but not by stock, first set up Leftenant in Gallilee by Caesar, whose Sollicitor was Herods father; & Herods brother Aristobulus was made high Priest: Herod dying obtained the Tetrarchy of Judea for his son Archelaus, when Joseph returned from Egypt, and dwelt at Na­zereth.

Tilerius Néro the formers son in Law, [Page 8] was chose by the Senate, who at first seemd hard to be perswaded to it; he acted with his Senate, but after ruled with robbery, lust and arrogancy, kild a Senator that made him his Heir to have his goods, sent & ordered Piso, as is supposed, to poyson Germanicus, who did brave exployts for the Romans, and sent a letter to the Senate against one he had made Knight, who was thrown down from a high place headlong. In the fifteenth year of Tiberius Christ was baptised, lead into the wilderness, fasted forty dayes, and began to preach. About four years after, Christ suffered voluntary pains on the Crosse, which Pilate deputy of Judea signified, and his miracles to the Senate, but they would not acknowledge him God, because the people had worshipt him so before. When Christ was carried back to Heaven, and the Holy Ghost fell upon his Disciples, who openly preacht what they had seen, the Jewes waxt hot and stoned Stephen, but Saul, strucken down, became an eminent servant of Christ.

Caius Caligula hated the Jewes, because they would not build Temples, Altars, and offer sacrifice to him, his dependers was great haters of the Christians, Pilate that past sentence on Christ fell into a tor­menting [Page 9] disease; and to end his miserable life killed himself. Herod that beheaded John the Baptist was banisht, and died in penurie at Lions in France. Caius was killed by his own guard.

Claudius reduced many Countries by war, to the Roman Monarch, among others Eng­land, marrying his daughter to the King thereof; he punisht with death two of the former Emperors guard or servants for killing their master: There was a Council in his time, where was Peter and Paul and the Elders of Jerusalem: He was poysoned by his wife to prepare for her son Nero.

Domitous Nero at first past his time well, but after became abominably wicked, tor­mented to death his own mother begun the persecution of Christians; now Peter and Paul suffered Martyrdom, at which time the Gospel spread abroad, when it is said Joseph of Arimathea came into England. Nero's cru­elty caused troubles in the Senate▪ & divers Countries to rise up against him, especially the Jewes; he put many Noble men to cruell death, at last the Senate condem­ned him to be whipt to death, upon which he fled and killed himself.

Flavius Vaspasian, While others contending to be Emperor, who were cut off, he was [Page 10] chose by the Roman Army: Now there was a Comet and several signes appeared of the Jewes coming calamities; his forces spoild the Jewes at Alexandria, then at Da­mascus, after besieg'd and brought Jerusa­lem to the desolation foretold; but the Christians warn'd of God fled beyond Jordan, and dwelt at Decapolis, only Timo­thy and other Christians at Ephesus was put to death; but the Jewes was some fold, some tore in peeces by wild beasts, others by infection and famine was dreadfully devoured.

Titus Vaspasian was an enemy to extor­tors, a lover of liberality; that day he had not done some good in, he accounted lost. He gently admonisht two that had conspi­red against him, and used them so loving­ly▪ that they repented: the Jewes being sub­dued, he had much peace.

Flavius Domitian persecuted Christians, banisht John to Patmos, hearing of Christs kingdome he feared, but seeing two of Judas's nephews discoursing of the world to come to be poor, he contemned them; he was so impatient of labor, arm, govern­ment, that he would use to be in a gallery pricking flies; one asikng what company was with the Emperor, was answerd, not a [Page 11] fly; some of his friends and others con­spired his death, one pretending business stab'd him, at which the Senate rejoyced, ordering his name should not be remem­bred.

Nerva was for his wisdome chose by the Senate, he released many Christians, John returned from Patmos, he took away im­positions, forbad slanders, as also making Eunuchs, he brought up poor mens child­dren, restored goods unjustly gotten, died of a sweat, through coller against a Sena­tor.

Trajanus the adopted son of Nerva a Spa­niard, was fair in carriage at first, and belo­ved, yet persecuted the Christians with great pains, which they bore with much patience, one was Simon the Apostle. The Deputie of Bithanie troubled in mind for slaying Christians, informed the Emperor how ho­lily the Christians liv'd, and zealously they worshipt Christ, which mitigated the Em­perors fury.

Adrian, A Bishop, and an Oratour writing for the Christian Religion, the Emperor made a new edict for persecution; the Jews followed a pretended Messias one Barcohebas, the Emperor banisht them from their native soil, he at last had a mind to [Page 12] build a Church for the Christians void of Images, but was hindred by his friends.

Antonius Verus took much care of his people in famine: Justin Martyrs writings for the Christian Religion was read in the Senate: This Emperors death was much lamented, the Romans sacrificed to him, and canonized him for a God.

Marcus Aurelius was for wisdome esteemed a Phylosopher, yet Martyrd Policarpus and Justinius, but was molified a little by the Bishop of Lions, and God sending raine to his army in distress, upon the prayers of his Christian souldiers, and fire and thunder upon his enemies, he wrote to the Senate to deal gently with the Christians,

About this time William Duke of Nor­mandy Conquer'd England, the Danes came and Conquered Etheldred, the ninth Saxon King, and the King of Denmark left his son to rule, but Edmond called Ironside, Etheldreds son set up himself after his fathers death, and warr'd with Canutus the new King of the Danes, after many bloudy battels, the two Kings fighting hand to hand, they de­vided the Nations, but Etheldred was mur­thered by one that thought to be preferd [Page 13] by Canutus, who caused him to be tormen­ted to death, and Canutus married Ethel­dreds widow, and had a son by her call'd Hardie, and was now King of England, Scotland, Denmark, and Norway, but Hardie residing in Denmark, another son of Canu­tus by a former wife, sets up himself, who displaced the English out of offices, ba­nisht his Mother-in-Law, and put her youngest son to death, after, this King dying, his brother Hardy possesses the Crown, but died in the midst of his Cupps at a marriage feast. Edward the remain­ing son of Etheldred was brought into England, married the Earl Bodwins daugh­ter, but died without issue, he left the Crown to Edgar, grandchild to Edmund Ironside, and swore Bodwins son now Re­gent to be true to him, but Harold, Bodwins son; got himself Crowned, upon which the King of Norway came to incounter them with a great Army, at which time William Duke of Normandy with a compleat Army came into England claiming a right to the Crown by Edward the Confessors gift; Harold having the better of the King of Norway, yet wasting his Army, William in a battle (where fell 66654. English with Harold, having reigned not four months) [Page 14] Conquered him and the kingdome, in whose Line the Crown continued till King Richard the second, who by desoluteness of life entertaining bad Counsellers, lost the love of his Subjects, against whom his Nobles took Armes, but he consenting to bring the evill Counsellers to be punished by law, the Barrons cashier their forces. The King apprehended several on a con­spiracy; the Duke of Norfolk and Hartford impeaching one another ready to fight a Dewell was banisht, but after when the King was subduing his enemies in Ireland, Hartford now Duke of Lancester by his fa­thers death, came into England, the Nobi­lity and Gentry resorting to him, who summoned a Parliament, the King not a­ble to resist them, yeelded the Crown to the Duke, the King being sent to Ponfret Castle and dispatcht, which bred woful wars; after three or four Kings reigns, Edward the fourth of the house of York, by a war where was slain thirty six thousand men, got the kingdom, where it continu­ed till Henry the seaventh kill'd Richard the Third, and he marrying the Heir of York, reconsiled both houses

Commodus put many Christians to death, even of noble birth; he had three hundred [Page 15] Concubines, some of which conspiring his death was executed, but after by a preten­ded friend he was poysoned, to the joy of the Romans.

Pertinax was an enemy to riot; and meerly for brideling of disorders, a tu­multuous company with halberds went and slew him.

Didius Julianus bought the Emperors Throne of the soldiers, who offered it to sail, but one pretending a title, he that pretended to it was proclamed, and Ju­lian slaine by command from the Se­nate.

Severius persecuted the Christians, charging them with sacriledge and Rebellion, be­ing stird up to this by the Jewes; the father of Origen was beheaded, and many in Carthage: a Captain going to execute a Virgin, who prayed to God to turne his heart, died himself for the Faith, this Em­peror was slain at York by the Northern men.

Bassinus and Geta, the first slew the other his brother, put to death a lawyer for not justifying his Murther, married his mother in Law, was slain by Macrimus.

Macrimus was chose Emperor, took his son for his companion, but not com­ing [Page 16] to Rome to govern, and living in lust, was beaten, fled, and pursued, was found sick, void of all favour, he and his son was put to death, and the Conqueror made Em­peror.

Heliogabalus was a belly God, worshipt and built a Temple to the Sun, and would have had the Christians who was now grown numerous to make their prayers there: He appointed a Senate of women a­bout obscene matters, had followed him many Chariotts of Bands and harlots; he ordered that business which should be done by day, to be done by night; he studied to find out untasted dain [...]ies; for his lewd courses the Pretorian soldiers murthered him, drew his dead body through the streets, and flung it into Tiber.

Alexander Severus the adopted Son of the former, delighted in wise Counsellers, punished a flatterer with smoak, yet martyrd many Christians▪ some of them Senators: The Judge that past sentence against Agape­tus died suddenly: The Emperors mother was instructed in the Faith by Origen, who obtaind favour for the Christians, after­ward the Emperor was inclined to receive the Faith of Christ, but perswaded from it by his Priests: he was much taken with [Page 17] that saying of the Christians, doe as you would be done by.

Maximinus was of base parentage, huge and strong, eating forty pound weight of flesh a day, drinking six gallons of wine; he was promoted to honour by the Empe­ror Severus: This Maximinus was saluted by the Army without the Senate; he was more cruell to the Citizens of Rome, then their enemies, he persecuted the Christian Teachers. Origen wrote a book de Martyre, and dedicated it to the Pastors of Caesaria. This Emperor at a siedge was slain, and his Son, by his own Souldiers, who he got before to kill Severius and his Mother.

Gordianus and his Son having reigned not two moneths, was both slain; the Em­peror, it is supposed, poysond by his Captain General: in his time a Earthquake de­stroy'd many Cities.

Philip was Baptized by the Bishop of Rome, he put himself among the penitents, and bewailed his having a hand in the former Emperors death: Decius one of his Captains flew him, and reigned.

Decius put to death divers Christians, banisht the Bishops of Jerusalem and Car­thage; Origen fearing, offer'd to the Idoll, but bitterly repented, was excommunica­ted [Page 18] the Church of Alexandria. This Tyrant Emperor persecuted in Africa and Europe, but being overcome by the Scythians or Goths, flying, cast himself into a pit and died.

Gallus followed Dcius in persecution, a­bout which time great desolation was made in the world by the pestilence; one of his Captains behaving himself valiantly in an overthrow against the Goths, being puft up, and the Emperor scorn'd, got himself to be Proclamed Emperor, and slew Gallus and his Son, who had reigned about three moneths.

Walerin and Galeuus Val: at first was very favourable to Christians, but seduc'd by a Sorcerer, put to death three Bishops of Rome; Lawrence a Deacon endured patiently to suffer on a broyling Iron. This Emperor at last was delivered into the hands of a King that trampled upon his neck; his Son or­dered the return of the banisht Christians, who used to meet in plain places, know­ing no Images but from the Gentiles or Pagans; they used to visit their sick enemies, whenas the Pagans was ready to thrust out their half dead friends.

Claudius and Quintillian, the first much reformed the Commonwealth, was huge [Page 19] prosperous against the Goths, dying of a natural death, was plac'd by the Senate among the Gods: The second hearing of Aurelianus being chose Emperor, and per­ceiving he could not make his party good against him, died voluntarily of bleed­ing.

Aurelianus was of a soure nature, some­thing moderate at first, but after fell to persecute Christians; yet being frighted with a thunderbolt coming near him, he assisted the Bishops of Antioch in deposing the heretick Samosatanus, electing Domns in his room, who, as also the Bishop of Antiocha, was married and had Children This Emperor subdued Germany, Gothicus, Siricus, & brought Zenobia prisoner to Rome in Chains of gold: This Emperor threat­ning his Secretary, was slain by him when the Emperor went with a small guard; the Secretary after was cast to the doggs.

Anius Tacitus was elected by the Senate, he was moderate in diet, he abolisht abuses at Rome, but dying, his brother Florian named himself Emperor; but another be­ing chose, Florian died voluntarily of bleeding.

Aurelius Probus subdued three others [Page 20] that named themselves Emperors, one of which hang'd himself: This Emperor bringing peace to Rome, employed his souldiers in planting and other labors, but they Trayterously murthered him, to the grief of the Senate and people.

Carus, Carianus, and Numerianus, all conti­nued but three years; Numerianus was slain by his Father-in-law, Carus by thunder, and Carianus in battel by Dioclesian, whom the Army declared Emperor, when Cari­anus liv'd.

Dioclesian chose Maximinus his assistant, The Christians now injoying both peace and credit, but yet abounding in sin, in the 19. year of Dioclesians reign, the tenth bloody persecution broke out against the Christians, these Emperors setting them­selves utterly to exterpate the Christian profession, one in the East, the other in the West, which persecution lasted ten years. Dioclesian would be counted a God, commanded the people to kiss his feet, he made Edicts for burning the Scriptures, imprisoning Christian Bishops, displacing Christian Magistrates, deprived the people of liberty, commanded the soldiers to lay down armes or offer to Idolls, who said they would lay down their lives too, rather [Page 21] then sacrifice, but some he forc'd to impure offering, tormented and put to death twenty thousand Christians, who died singing of Psalms; he beheaded the Bishop of Antioch, many he burnt in a Church, hung women with their heads downward, burnt also a whole Town with all sorts in it. He slew the Bishop of Sidon, Presby­ter of Tirus, spilt much blood in Germany, France and Italy, even to the colouring of Rivers, at last gave over killing, yet com­manded Christians right eyes to be put out, and left leggs maimed, they at last gave over their power to two others, one of which chose his son to him, the other his two sons; these two new Emperors de­vided their Domions; one had France, Spain, Britain, Maximinus was slain by Con­stantine.

Constantius and Galarius; Constant: accoun­ted Christians his best Subjects, he comman­ded the Souldiers to worship Idols, but turnd all out that did, saying, they that will be false to God, will be so to him: But Ga­larius in the East part of the world cruelly persecuted the Christians, but God sending a disease of vermin stayd his hand; & he desired the Christians should pray for him, but after again ingraves Edicts against [Page 22] them in brass, puts to death the Bishop of Emisa and many others; the people was again visited with woful diseases, at last he made a law for the preservation of Christi­ans, he being perswaded by his charmers to make, war with Lisinus, and discomfited put to death his charmers; he died of sick­ness, and the souldiers chose Maxentius, who abused Senators wives, one killed her self rather then would go to him; but the people sent for Constantine, who got an Army in France and Brittain, came and overcame Maxentius, but Galarius Max: made Le [...]inus Emperor, who by fair pre­tences sought to take away the life of Con­stantine, that had made Edicts for the Christians, but failing, forced the Christi­ans to flie into woods, by his cruell Edicts, some he cut in peeces, some almost starved with cold he then burnt, but Li­sinus being at last overcome, yielded to Con­stantine.

Constantine the great was careful to pro­cure the peace of Christians, as well abroad as in his own Dominions, wishing Sapores the King of Persia (who put several to death) to be friendly to Christians, in whose religion nothing was to be blam'd, intima­ting in his letter how ill it faired with eight [Page 23] persecuting Emperors; the King of Iberia crav'd of him to send Preachers thither; he lockt up the Idols Temples, and built Churches, discharged sensing before the people, supprest whores, puld down an Altar, the Pagans used to sacrafice on at Fairs; being in peace, he built Constantino­ple in Thracia, and calld it Nova Roma, was baptized in the suburbs of Bithynia, fell sick at Nicomedia.

Constantius, Constans, and Constantine jun: Constantius governed the East, the other two the West, Constantine was slain after he had governed three years; Constans after thirteen years was slain in France by the Tyrant Magnentius, who Constantius for­cing after to fly, Magnen: kill'd his Mother, Brother and self. Constantius was infect­ed with Arianism by a Priest at Court: and he sent to slay Athanasius who passed the midd'st of his Army undiscernd; but Geor­gius an Arian Bishop was seated in Alexan­dria, and fourteen Bishops more was ba­nisht, and many Christians cruelly tortu­red by Georgius; the Jewes reballed against this Emperor, but he leveld Diocesaria to the ground, the Germans rebelling, his Cousen Julian having subdued them, got himself saluted Emperor, against whom [Page 24] Constantius going died, sorrowing he had chang'd the Nicene Creed.

Julian was brought up in the Christian Religion, but perverted by a Phylosopher; he opend the dores of the heathen Gods, releiv'd those he had before imprison'd, he took away Christians schools, laid tax­ations upon them, telling them when they complained, that Christ had told them, happy are them that suffer for righteousnes sake, He was vext to see how patiently they ba­red all wrong; he set up his own Image by the gods, that he might charge those that would not bow with irreverence to him; he caused victualls to be sprinkled with heathenish holy water: some Christi­ans had their bellies ript up; one was a­nointed with Hony, and exposed to wasps: One that for revenge chawd a peace of liver of a Christians that broke Images in the former Emperors time, had his teeth fell out of his mouth, and became blind. For in hatred of the Christians, the Emperor gave leave for the Jewes to build the Temple at Jerusalem to offer daily sacrifice, but they was hindred by an earthquake, fire, mighty wind, and tempest: This Emperor in Warre with the Persian, was shot with a dart, [Page 25] saying, thou Christ of Galilee hast over­come me.

Jovinian was chose by the Roman Army, he would not accept of the Empire till the Army owned the Christian Religion, he made peace with the Persian, yeelding some parts of Syria, though Julians weak­ning of his forces, reduced the Bishops which was forc'd to lurk in holes, followed Athanatius Counsell, going to Constantinople died.

Valentian was a great sufferer in Julians time, chose now by the Army, he chose his brother Valience to govern in the West, favourd the Arians, shipped some other Christians away, and cruelly caused them to be fired; he caused two Captains to have their bodies rent in peeces, by bowing down trees to the ground, for causing to be delivered their General, though a Ty­rant that rose up against him; his brother refused to help him against the Gothes, be­cause of his being an Arian; the Samaritans now invaded the Roman empire.

Gracianus gave the Empire of the West to his brother Valentian, he reduced those Bishops that the Arian persecutor Valens had banished, he was slain by a usurper, his brother was seduced by his [Page 26] Mother to be for the Arians; but in the East, Theodosius that was chose to assist Gracianus in his time fights, with Maximus, who was delivered into his hand, after with the Tyrant Eugenius, but by a mighty Tempest of wind, the darts of Eugenius Army were turned upon their own faces, upon which Eugenius fell down at Theodosius feet, and begged pardon. Theodosius was a lover of Christians, and made a Law against Hereticks.

Arcadius governed in the East, was a meek and good Emperor, but not cou­ragious, he was by an Arian Bishop per­swaded to banish Christians, whom the peoples affection caused him to recall, Gaina a private Souldier, was made Gene­rall of Arcadius Army, who grew insolent and affected the kingdome. Honarius the Emperors brother who reigned in the West, met with a great deal of trouble, by reason of his Lieftenant affecting the kingdome in Affrick; and his father in law stirring up the Vandalls, and Burgundians to invade France, also 200000 Gothes and Hunnes came to Italy, but their General was sur­prised, there arose another party of the Gothes, which the Emperor made peace with, after which the Emperors father-in-law [Page 27] on purpose of ill to the Emperor fell upon them, which caused the Gothes to re­turne again to Rome, and the Emperor being without a General, he having slain his father in law for Treason, they took Rome, but in the midst of burning, slaying, robbing, and military outrage, they saved such as fled to Christian Churches, after­wards they went towards France and Spaine.

Theodosius the second had the whole Go­vernment, he collected a great library of good bookes, was a meek person, in his house was red the Scriptures, and prayer, the Vandalls who were partly Pagans, and partly Arians cruelly persecuted the Christi­ans in Affrick & the Hunnes much incum­bred the Roman Empire, and the Emperor was fain to covenant with the Vandalls, and to assign them some places: There was a great fight betwixt the Western Gothes and the King of the Hunnes, the Hunnes flee, the Goths who was now joyned with Valensian, pursewing the Hunnes, Valensians general hindred them, who for it was put to death, the Hunnes incouraged came back to Italy, but was perswaded by the Bishop to spare Rome. Theodosius put a general to fight Tyrant Iohn, but the general and [Page 28] Ship was driven into a Town of Johns, but the generals Son passing a place never before drie, took the Town, slew the Ty­rant, and releeved his father.

Martianus (after the Goths, Vandalls and other strangers had much disquieted the Roman Empire) was advanc'd by means of Theodosius sister, but reigned not long, his unkle Leo came next up, who interposed his power for the suppressing of the error of the Eutysians, which Eutysians were very cruell to many Christian Bishops; about this time was an earthquake that destroy­ed part of Antiocha.

Zeno, us'd to be dead drunk, an efeminate & irreligious man; favourd the aforesaid er­ror, restored their Bishops, Basiliscus forces the Emperor to flie, and not out of love to truth, but hatred of him, undoes all he had done, the King of the Vandalls was an Arian, persecuted the Christian faith; many Jewes now followed on Moses, but was destroyed, the King of the Vandalls was tor­mented with venomous boyles.

Anastius was a favourer of the Entysians was stured up (contrary to his own incli­nation) by an heretical Bishop, to slay many Christians, the people of Antioch vexed hereat, fell upon some Entysian [Page 29] Monks, by which means they had an En­tysian Bishop put in their place.

Justinius the elder was a godly Emperor, restored good, banisht bad Bishops, cut out the tongue of an Entysian, the King of the Goths killing among other Christians a Roman Senator, he imagin'd he saw his face in a Fish-head at dinner, and was much terrified at it.

Justinian, was strong for the Christian faith of the four Counsells, he by Bellisa­rius overcame the Persians, recoverd what his predecessors had lost in Asia, Africk, Europe, also Carthage, from the Vandalls, drove the King of the Gothes out of Italy, recoverd Sicile; but the Goths chose another, King and recoverd Italy, but was beaten out again, one of the Emperors Captains angry with the Emperors Sons wife, sends for the Longabards out of Panamia, who possessed themselves of that part of Italy call'd Lumbardie. This Emperor abridged the Roman Laws, call'd a counsell about disputations, moved Origens and Theodorus writings.

Justinus Jun: having his Dominions wast­ed, put on the Emperial robes on Tiberius, wishing him wisely to governe the Roman Empire; the King of Persia was now so [Page 30] high, that he would not admit of the Emperors Embassadors, but was subdued by the Emperor, who subdued also the Goths and Vandals; the King of Goths put to death his own Son for turning from Arianisme.

Maritius (to whom Tiberius gave his Daughter and Kingdome) suffered twelve thousand soldiers to be slain, through not parting with a little money to ransome them, for which the souldiers brought him before Phocus, who they had chose, who killd the Emperor and his Wife and Chil­dren.

Phocus reigned in Cruelty and Drunken­ness; the Roman Empire was weakned by divers enemies; the Patriarch of Rome per­ceiving that the Patriarch of Constantinople was like to be the chief, he wrote against Supremasie, but afterward being in great favour with the Emperor, he got him to ordain the Bishop of Rome to be universal Bishop, and the Church of Rome head over all Churches, which dignity was im­portunately begged, and with much conten­tion obtain'd: This Emperor was overome by his Son-in-law and others, and brought to Heraclianus, who commanded his head and feet to be cut of, and stump burnt.

[Page 31] Heraclianus, the King of Persia had now taken Jerusalem, who gave the Jews leave to kill many thousand Christians, and would not have peace with the Emperor, without the Emperor would turn Pagan, but the Emperor subdued him, and regaind Jerusalem; after this he fell into the heresie of the Monotholites, and was given to insest and curious arts: At this time begun the Monarchy of the Sarasens, a people of Arabia, who fought under the Emperor against the Persian, but craving wages for their services, was called Arabian doggs by the Emperors Treasurer, upon which they chose Mahomet their Captain, took Damascus, conquered Syria, Palestina, Egypt, Persia, and consulted with an Apostate Bishop, and some Jewes, and set up a mixt Religion or Alcoran of Judaisme, Christia­nisme, and Paganisme, commanding all people that could be conquered by fire and sword, to receive this doctrine; he over­threw a great army of the Emperors, the Emperor about renewing his Army died with grief.

Constantius was soon poysoned by his fathers second wives advise, that her Son might reign, but the Senate cut out her tongue, and her beautiful Sons nose, and [Page 32] banisht them; about this time the Sarasens took Caesaria, and slew therein 7000 Christians.

Constans revenged himself on them that conspired his fathers death, and subdued one whom the Army chose Emperor, cut off the noses of his two brothers, because their beuty should not commend them; the Sarasens was now brought to pay tribute unto the Emperor, who though he was something Heretical, yet calld a Coun­sell that utterly condemnd the Monotho­lites.

Justinian was cruell to the Citizens of Constantinople, but a Nobleman took him, cut off his nose and banisht him, and burnt two of his Counsellers in the belly of a bra­sen Bull, but the Souldiers being inconstant they cut off the Noblemans nose and put him into a Monastery, and chose another, but the first Emperor by another Princes help recovers his power, slew both the other Emperors, and continuing cruel still Philipicus got him slain by a servant.

Philipicus was declared Heretick by the Bishop of Rome, for rasing pictures out of a Temple, had his eyes put out by Artemi­us his Secretary.

Artemius deposeth the Patriarch of Con­stantinople, [Page 33] for not keeping the Faith. Theo­dosius taking the Emperor, forc'd him to take the habit of a Monk, and Theodosius reigned in his stead, but hearing of Leo's being cho­sen, went to a Monastery and gave over his governing.

Leo Isaurus destroyed Images; the Bishop of Rome forbad tribute to be paid him, excommunicated and disauthorised him, sent out curses against him, and hot warrs there was between Emperor and Pope: This Pope Gregory the second was reckoned a Conjurer, though the Lumbards had joyned with him in routing the Emperor, yet in sharing he casts to clear Italy to the Roman Sea; and to ingage Charles of France, he sent him the keys of the holy Sepulcher, and St. Peters Chaine: This Pope decreed in a Senod that all that would not do re­ligious honour to Images, should be cut off from the body and blood of Christ. The Sarasens utterly destroyed the Gothes in Spain, but was beaten out of France with the loss of three hundred thousand.

Constantius Copronymus fighting against the Arabians, (the Senate, great favourers of Images) gave out the Emperor was dead, and chose another, but he retur­ned and won Constantinople, he gathered [Page 34] a general Counsel which condemn'd wor­shiping of Images. The Turks and Scythians now invaded the Arminians and Sarasens, but the agreement was, that the Turks in Persia, should be called Sarasens, who also embrased the Mahomitan Religion; the Pope and King of France overcame the Lombards.

Leo the former's son was zealous against Images, punisht those near him for wor­shiping of them.

Irene the wife of Leo was deposed by her son Constantius, but she pluckt out both his eyes, and imprisoned him, where he died for grief; she persecuted those that was not for Images of Saints and Fathers, she was at last banisht▪ and deposed by Nicephorus, who raigned eight years after her; but now the famous Empire of the East was in a manner extinguisht. Nicephorous treats with Charles the great, and contents him­self with small Dominions, besides the Turks and Goths in the West, and Hunnes and Lumbards had continued long in their several Dominions got from the old Em­pire.

Charles the great, he was first King of France, but declared and crown'd by Leo the third Bishop of Rome, a prudent Empe­ror, [Page 35] a detester of worshiping of Images, he fought against the King of Denmark and Bohemia, enemies to Christians, he appoin­ted his kinsman over Italy, and left his son Lodovicus Emperor.

Lodovicus called for his meekness pious, was crowned by the fourth Bishop of Romet Barnard governor of Italy rebelled, but was beheaded, his sons also rebelled, whom the Emperor pardoned; the Sarasens from Egypt invade Sicily, burning towns, and killing Priests; the Emperor with the Bishop of Romes help, drove the Sarasens, away: the Bishop of Ʋtrech, threatned to excommunicate the Emperor, if he would not leave his wife, because she was his kinswoman; this Emperor gave over his right in choosing Pope to the Clergy and people of Rome.

Lotharius was anointed in St. Peter's Church by the Pope; his Brothers fell out about their fathers lands, which civill war so weakned the Nobility of France, that the Danes and Normans entred and troubled them for many years.

Lodovicus the Second, dying without Issue, his brother Charles King of France by liberal gifts obtain'd to be Emperor, but was poyson'd by his Physitian a Jew; [Page 36] from the formerly great now small Em­pire of the East, Michael Emperor of Con­stantinople, slew his brother, and thrust his Mother and sisters into a Monastery.

Carolus Crassus the Son of Lewis King of Germany, was forc'd to yeild to the Nor­mans (who was very potent in France) that place toward the Brittish Sea called Normandy; the Emperor for negligence and ill government was deposed, and Arnalphus his Nephew declared Empe­ror.

Arnalphus fought with the Duke of Spo­leto, who flying, the Emperor besiegeth his Wife who hired some of the Emperors ser­vants to poyson him.

Lodovicus the third, in his time the Sa­rasens invaded Italy, and the Hungers France; the King of the Sarasens in besieging Consen­tia was killd by thunder, and the rest re­turned to Affrick.

Conradus desired his brother to deliver after his death the Emperial Ornaments to the Duke of Saxony, as most fit for it, for wisdome, it being a troubled State, which desire of this Emperor his brother pre­ferred before the Throne, and performed his will.

Henry Duke of Saxony was busie a hun­ting, [Page 37] when the news came of his being made Emperor, he made Peace with the Hungers for nine years, after obtain'd a victory over them; and in thanks to God purged his Dominions of the sin of Simonie; he fought also with the people of Dasmatia and Bohemians, and made them tributaries; he was called Pater Patriae.

Otho the first, the former▪ Son called a Councell, deposed the Pope, the Romans making a sedition, he return'd and punisht them, after ordered that none should be chose Pope without the consent of the Em­peror; he was buried in a Church himself built. In the East Constantine had recover'd his Empire from the Romans again.

Otho the second prevails against the King of France, recover'd Lorraigne, but the Sarasens and Grecians with Constantine came to recover Apulia, and overcame the Emperor, who hardly escaped, who after vented his wrath upon the Italians for de­serting him.

Otho the third pardoned Crescensius twice, who the Italians prefer'd to be Emperor, but the third Rebellion of his he hang'd him: the seditious Romans also advanc'd John 18 to be Pope, rejecting Gregory the fifth made by the Emperor, whith John had [Page 38] his eyes pluckt out, and himself thrown headlong from the Capital; this Emperor with the Pope now instituted seaven Elect­ors of the Emperor, the Bishop of Mentz, Cullen, and Tryes, Count Palatine, Duke of Saxony Marquess of Brandenburgh, and in case of contrary opinions the King of Bo­hem'n, this Emperors wire was the widdow of the rebell he hang'd, who poysoned him with a pair of gloves.

From the East those Emperors lives was but short, by reason of the continuing of the old barbarous course of making them away

Henry the second, Duke of Bavaria was chose Emperor by the Electors, receiving the Crown from the Pope, he subdued all his rebells, expeled the Sarasens out of Italy, the King of Denmark a savage Prince came into England to roote out the Christian profession, one of the Saraseu Princes at this time destroyed some Tem­ples in Jerusalem; and massacred all the spiritual officers.

Conradus the second made a Law to pu­nish with death the troublers of the peace in Germany: about this time a war grew be­tween the Christians and Sarasens, but a peace was made in a short time after, and [Page 39] liberty granted to rebuild the Christian Temples in Jerusalem.

Henry the Third, In his time three Bi­shops contended for the Popedome, but the Emperor plac'd Clemens the second, at this time the estate of Christians was most la­mentably afflicted by the Turks and Sara­sens.

Henry the Fourth was a good wise Em­peror, but excommunicated twice by the Pope, who stird up the Germans against him, under the Duke of Sweve, who being taken had his right arm cut off, which he held up, at his Oath of Allegiance, and he acknow­ledged Gods hand.

Henry the Fifth the Pope would not Crown, till he would give over his right of Election of the Pope, and of investing of Bishops by Staffe & Ring, but the Emperor compel'd the Pope and Cardinalls to per­fect his Coronation, and confirme his pri­viledges, which the Pope covenanted to, by breaking a peece of the Hostie, not­withstanding the Pope revoked, and cur­sed the Emperor, but before the Emperor as I told you, forc'd the Pope, the Pope (being admired in the world) call'd a Counsell of the Bishop of Mentz, Trier and Worms, to insite the Emperor to war with his own father.

[Page 40] Lotharius the second Duke of Swene was elected, two contending for the Popedom, he gave it to Innocent, and coming to Rome with an Army, made the other Pope Peter a Citizen, and the Count of Sicilly his friend say nothing more.

Conradus Tertius subdued the Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, Winsperg besieged, the women begg'd leave to come out with what they could carry on their backs, which granted, they brought forth their hus­bands, which the Emperor thought would have been Treasure, but perform'd his promise▪ This Emperor going against the Turks, and wanting provisions accepted of some meale from the Emperor of Constanti­nople, but it being mingled with Lime poyso­ned his Army, upon which the King of France joyning with the King of Jerusalem, besiedged Damascus, but the Christians in Asia and Siria was so decayed, that Turks and Infidells, had almost got all.

Frederick the first, coming to Corona­tion, he alighted to salure the Pope, and when the Pope mounted, he held the Stirrup; and mistaking the Stirrup, an­gred the Pope, the Pope incited him and the Duke of Bavaria to fight with the Duke of Apula for recovering his Terrtio­ries [Page 41] to the Chair of Rome; the Pope also stir'd up the Emperor of Constantinople, to drive Apula out of Italy, the Duke begg'd on fair termes peace, but the Pope re­jected him, the Duke overcoming the Emperor of Constantinople, marches to­wards the Pope, who then sued to him for Peace. Frederick taking into con­sideration the Popes ambition, prefixt his own name before the Popes; and orde­red there should be no appeal to Rome, upon which the Pope stirred up the people of Germany, and elsewhere against the Empe­ror, and excommunicated him; a flie entring the Popes throat, choaked him, the Emperor subdued Millan quickly; two now contending for Popedome, Alexander not meeting the Emperor at Counsell he chose Victor Pope, upon which Alexander falls a cursing, and warring, and joyning with the Venetians took the Emperors son, upon which the Emperor came to Alex­ander for absolution, and kneeling down the Pope trod on his neck, saying, thou shalt tread upon the Adder and the Aspe, &c. I said the Emperor that's to St. Peter, I said the Pope to me and to St. Peter.

The Kings of England and France goe now to the last help of the Christians [Page 42] about Jerusalem, they took one place, but, falling out about honour, returne home and the King of the Turks takes Jerusalem, and other places possessed by the Christi­ans.

Henry the sixth was the son of Frederick, the Pope gave him in marriage one out of a Monastery, and both Ciciles for a dowery; the Emperor, Pope, and other Princes went to help the poor Christians in Palastina, but the Emperor dying, they returned do­ing nothing

Philip the second, by the help of the Sax­ons and Bavarians, took upon himself to be Emperor, but the Pope and Electors went to warrs with him, but the people of Ger­many got them to agree; the Emperor mar­ries the Popes Nephew; the Emperor was murthered in his Chamber by Count Pa­latine. Now begun the Tartarian Kingdom, they came from the Mountains of the Indies with wives and Children, a fierce people against Christians and others, they overrun the Meads, Parthians, Arminians, Samaritan, Asirians, Persians, and seated at Meotidis Paladis.

Otho the fourth refused to give gifts to the people at Coronation, which bred com­motions, he invaded the Popes territories [Page 43] was excommunicated; from the East the Venetians and French overcoming the Em­peror, they set up Baldwin of France, Count of Flanders, and when it descended to Ro­bert his son, he was crowned by the Pope, as the German Emperors.

Frederick the second King of Cicile and Naples, gave the Dukedome of Fundanus to the Church; he yeilded to the Popes Ca­non of prescription to what the Pope would, several made commotion against the Emperor, the Pope joynes with them, excommunicates the Emperor, but the poor Christians in Asia, desi­ring help, the Emperor and Pope agree, but the Emperor sending to the Pope news of his armies success against the Sarasens, the Pope trampled upon his letter stirred up the Emperors son against his father, to get some Dominions to the Church, the Em­peror returns, subdues his enemies, but gave a great sum of moneys before the Pope would absolve him; the Emperor goes against Traytors in Italy, the Pope writes to all Towns, to stand out, stirrs up the Venetians legats, cursed him by a Bull, de­prived him of his dignities, charg'd him with heresie, the Emperor sends his Secre­tary to clear himself of those things & the [Page 44] Bishops of Germany was true to him; the Pope sent for a Counsel to depose the Emperor, the Emperor took by Sea three Legats Monks soldiers and Treasure: the Tartars come and destroy places adjacent, and the Christians sent to the Emperor for help, who wisht the Pope to consider Christendome, but while the Emperor was ingaged for the Christians, the Pope pro­ceeded to depose him, which put the Emperor to imploy his strength against him, and he so brought him under, that in anger and desparing the Pope died, after the Emperor drove the Tartars out of Hun­gary, but the next Pope forc'd the Empe­ror to more war in his own Dominions, and two great parties there was, the Empe­rors called the Gibilins, and Popes the Guelts.

Conradus the fourth, endeavouring to re­gain Apula, his brother the Duke thereof got him poysoned, the Pope sent two Ar­mies to gain Cicily, but he was beaten and died; but the next Pope got Count Angow the King of France's brother to fight with the Duke of Apula, that beat the former Pope, and the Duke was overcome by Angow. Young Conradus their sought to get his fathers Dominions, was beaten by An­gow, [Page 45] and beheaded by the Popes advice: So the Kingdome of Naples came into the hands of the French.

Radulph was chose at Frankford by the Electors, he was affraid to goe to Rome for Coronation, because of the Popes Tyranny, it was seaven years after the former Em­peror before he was chose, he overthrew the King of Bohemia, who in time of vacan­sie invaded Austridg, and called himself Emperor, these gave their daughters to each others son.

Adolph borrowed money of King Ed­ward of England to fight against France, but wanted it for his own house, he sought to win Austridg, but the Duke thereof slew him, and raigned in his stead; in the East a Christian Army of Germans & Hun­garians was overcome by the Sultane of Egypt, who let in Sluces near Nilus upon them; a second Army under Frederick regain'd Je­rusalem, made a Peace with the Sarasens, which the King of Navor by the Popes consent broke, but was beat back, and the Savages regain'd Jerusalem, put all Christians to death, and spoyled the Se­pulcher of Christ: Another Army came under the King of France, but a forward commander venturing upon the Sarasens [Page 46] and Sulton with a part of the Army was overcome, and after the whole Army, the King being taken, who wanted assistance from the Emperor, the Pope keeping him in war at home. The King of Tartarian, was baptised, and he overcame Syria, Per­sia, and took Damascus from the Sarasens, but this Kings son at his fathers death left a commander that apostatized, and set fire on Sesaria, the next Army was of the Kings of France and England, the French took Carthage and in Cicily brought the Prince of Cicily to give way to the pro­fession of Christian religion: Prince Ed­ward of England was wounded by a ve­nom'd knife, by a deceitful Sarasen pre­tending letters, yet recovered, but failing of fores from the Emperor) the Pope stirring up the Duke of Angow to destroy Fredericks posterity) he returu'd. The last Army again the Sarasens was by the Em­peror, who the enemy circumvented as they was lading a great prey, took the Christi­an general, and after utterly destroyed in Asia their Towns and Holds, but the Prince of Tartars restored Syria again, but he returning home, his commander re­volted to the Sulton of Egypt, because (the Pope warring with France) no suc­cour came to him.

[Page 47] Albertus after ten years raign, was kild by his brothers son; now sprang up the first Othoman King of the Turks, a coura­gious warrior that inriched himself with spoyles, he subdued great part of Bithynia and other places.

Henry the seaventh was a Prince of ex­cellent properties, wise, just, and belov'd, neither proud in prosperity, or dejected in adversity; a Monk mingling poy­son with the bread of the Eucharist poy­son'd him.

Lewis the fifth was next, but some of the Electors chose Frederick, who was sub­dued, but yet being Duke of Austria vext the Burgesses of Ʋren Swits for helping the other Emperor, which places & others, made a league among themselves, and are called Switzers or Cantons, or Pages of Helvetia, the Pope being displeased with Lewis sent to the Electors to choose ano­ther, which they did.

Charles the fourth, In his time the Turks passed the Helespontus, and took several Townes, which was their Conquest over those regions in Europe they now possess Charls procured of the Electors, that his son should be King of the Romans.

Vinseslaus was sluggish and given to vo­luptuousness, [Page 48] and was deprived of his dig­nitie. About this time Tamerlane Captain of the Tartars, the Pr. of Og's son slaying 30000 in a battle of the Muscovites, who entred the Tarters Country, grieved to see the slaugh­ter of his enemies. The great Cham of Tar­taria gives him his daughter, and stir'd him up against the King of China, that stiled himself Lord of the world: Tamerlane going against this King, falling sick, a Counseller drew away part of his soldi­ers, who Tamerlane overcome, and then on his march made a speech to his souldiers, which ended, his soldiers cried out, one God in Heaven, one Emperor on Earth, he first forces a great wall the Chinaes made for defence of their Country, and took great spoil. The King of China summons his Priests to pray to the Sun, a Lord came to Tamerlane to direct him; to whom he gave a frontire Province, and was very courteous to the people, and he endeavors to get a great City for the comfort of his Army before he fight more; he won the Suburbs by storm, but considering the riches of the City might spoil his Soldiers for fighting, took it on conditions, the King of China marches towards Tamerlane, the King rode in a Chariot, whereof every [Page 49] part shone with Gold, Pearls, Rubies, and Diamonds, and his whole Army with Gold and precious stones: Tamerlane took another place for refreshment, and then sent out a party of 6000 horse telling the commander, if they come upon you, retire back, and bring that great cloud to me, which I hope to disperse he likewise ordered a great bo­dy to receive the enemy upon the for­mers retirement; and another body ready to help the last, if worsted, reser­ving still another body with himself; the Chinaes come on with his horse trappings as well as armor deckt with gold and silver, he had likewise many armed Chariots, they came altogether with­out any vantguard; but Tamerlan's com­mander being wounded and retired, a­nother great body ingaging, beat the enemy within the Kings Chariots, but the King had yet about his person 150 thousand men; then came on Tamerlane and broke through, even within a second rank of Chariots, where was 40000 men, the King at last remain'd wounded with Tamerlane; the battle being won, which lasted eight hours, there was slain [Page 50] two Kings alleys to the King of China, who had divers strange weapons and ensignes, wonderful riches was taken in golden vessels, pretious stones, and and rich Chariots; the next day Tamer­lane lookt upon his Army, and took care of the King of China, whose Army was at first 200 thousand foot, and 150 thousand horse. Tamerlane refreshed himself with water, never drinking wine, thanked God, never in the least vaunted, and went and saluted the King again, who said to Tamerlane, well let it suffice thee, seeing thou fightest for honour, that the Lord of the World and Childe of the Sun, is in thy power. China hath two hundred famous Cities in it, and abounds with Silk, Lin­nen, Fish, Fowle, and Mines of Gold and Silver; Tamerlane overthrew also the King of China's brother, upon which Cities yeilded a passe, but at length he made a peace with him, injoying most of the Cities in China, beating down all Idolls; and so deliver'd the King to goe home. After this the Emperor of Greece, desired his aid against the Turk, that would attempt his Country; Tamerlane [Page 51] sends to the Turk to warn him not to meddle with Greece, but the Turk bids him injoyn lawes to his own Subjects; Tamerlane with what force his unkle and other Lords helpt him to, sets for­ward, sending victualls by Sea, and his Campe was like a well govern'd City, not the least wrong permitted: Bajazet the Turks King forbad all pray­ers for Tamerlane, and comes furiously to meet him, and after as furiously joyns' battle with great noise, and cries; the first that fought on Tamerlanes side, was a Prince, who charg'd so home, as to come among the Janazaries, and put them to great disorder, but was slain there; another great body was sent, both sides fought so stoutly, that it lasted long, and many was slain, and yet the battel doubtful; at last, when Tamerlanes side was ready to give back, he made room by a charge upon the Janazaries, and some Tartars of the Turks side revolted, and with much adoe at a fresh charge, the Turks great number was overcome, and the King a prisoner and wounded; and coming before Tamerlane shewed not the least submission; said Tamerlane, [Page 52] what if you had took mee? then said hee, I would have carried you about in a Cage, so, said Tamerlane, shall you be serv'd; and he was fed with fragments like a dogge. Tamerlane marches a­gainst the Sulton of Egypt that assisted the Turks, fought him near Alepo, with courage on both sides, but the Sulton fled, though his Army was about 170 thousand; after Tamerlane took Damas­cus and other places, and set down be­fore Cair, assaulted it with fifty thou­sand, the City was only ditcht, not wall'd, the Sulton opposed his passage, but was forc'd to retreat into a second Trench. The next day the Sulton was forc'd to leave the City, and was pur­sued towards Alexandria, where a par­ty of Tamerlanes went first to prevent the Sulton gathering forces, but the City desired to submit to Tamerlane, and that the Sulton would not make that place a seat of warr, so the Sulton not know­ing what to doe went away with tears in his eyes; and then Tamerlane return'd home, and after his unkles death was Emperor of Tartaria.

Rupert Duke of Bavaria was chose by [Page 53] the Electors, in his time Mahomet the Turk, after Tamerlane died, regain'd his fathers Dominions, and killed his bro­ther.

Sigismund King of Bohemia and Hunga­rie, he was a wise Prince, call'd a Counsell for union; Husse was now burn'd for preaching against the Pope, as also Jerom of Prague, which caused the people to choose a general, who beat the Emperors Army, but the Emperor and Pope came againe, yet shamefully fled from the Hussites against all perswa­sion that could be used.

Albertus the second subdued the Bo­hemians, by meanes of the King of Polands help, a Peace was made with the Turk; when the Turke was gone, the Pope sent a dispensation to break faith, but the Christian forced was beaten to their shame and hurt.

Frederick the second Duke of Austria, upon Petition promised to free the Ger­mans as the King of France had his subjects from the Popes Tyranny, at this time Scandenberg doing great things for the Turk, being denied the Turks Dominions in Ipeus, which he askt of the [Page 54] young Turk at his fathers death, he turn'd against the Turke, got several Towns by letters, maintaind his own, and beat the Turks armies many years; he was a Princes son, first given in hostage to the Turk. Mahomet the second took Constantinople, cruelly hand­ling the Christians, caus'd an Image to be held up, saying in derision, this is the God of the Christians, and so here ended the Christian Empire in the East, the Emperor of the Turks now making Constantinople his seat.

Maximilian the first was taken priso­ner in Flanders, but releived by his father; being yet in government with him, he writ in Latine of his fears; the second Emperor of the Turks, caused all the Noblemen of Moden, which he took to be slain cruelly in his presence.

Charles the fifth King of Spain was chose, he took the King of France, but made peace with him, which the Pope caused the King of France to revoke; the Emperor sent the Duke of Burbon, who sackt Rome and besieged the Pope and Cardinalls in a Mount, the Duke was slain, but the Emperor fearing excom­munication, [Page 55] sent to have the Pope goe out. Luther now writ for the reformed Religion, the Emperor summons him to a Counsell he had conven'd, he re­fus'd to recant, yet was let go, but soon after was apprehended, and his books against Popery burnt; the Pope pressed for execution of former Edicts, but the German Princes presented to the Emperor; that the Church of Rome pro­hibited that which the word of God did not, and that by reason of the Popes pardoning sinnes for a little money, much villany and murther was com­mitted and desired a free Christian Counsel. Divers Princes met at Spires, declaring that Ministers should teach according to the interpretation of the Church, the Duke of Saxon and divers other Princes withstood this, who and those that joyned with them, was called Protestants, unto whom cleaved divers Cities appealing to the Emperor: but he used their Ambassadors rufflie, fearing to displease the Pope, threat­ning to punish those that would not yeeld to the convension of Spire, the Protestants Covenant, to defend them­selves [Page 56] if invaded for Religion, but the Emperor (who had sworn to defend the Romish Church) call'd a convention of Estates, learned men on both sides was brought, but he commands the Protestant Princes to come to Masse, which they desired may be determin'd first, The Protestants brought a Con­fession of Faith, which was answer'd, but the Emperor would not admit of a reply, and made a decree, the Pro­testants should have time to returne to the Church of Rome, which their Prin­ces and Cities declared they could not keep with good conscience, upon which a Decree was made to confirme the doctrine of the Church of Rome, and to proceed in judgement against Pro­testants, who stood close by one another; but after some time the Emperor offer'd them Peace, to assist him against the Turk. Swinglius now preacht down pardons, and disputes there was, but the Romanists put off all to a Councell; many Cities threw off the Masse, Alters, and Images; the Emperor was this while in warre with France, some other Cities joyn'd against the Pro­testants, [Page 57] and ready to give battle, a mo­derating City parted them, but after­ward the Switsers and Pages of Helvetia gave the Protestants of Berne an over­throw; The Emperor agrees with France, but against the reformed Reli­gion, upon which a French generall fell on the Waldenses, killing many, driving others into the woods, which General died of a rotten stinking disease; the Emperor and Pope come against the Protestant Princes in Germany, pre­tending against Rebells, but with Spa­niards and Venetians, subdues the Duke of Saxony, telling him he must die or turne, the first he willingly chose, but the Marquesse of Brandenburg begging for him, he only lost his hands; upon this several others yeelded: The Empe­ror sent to the Council of Bishops to remove to Trent, who refusing, he con­sulted with the Princes about some al­teration of Religion, that Priests should many, the Sacrament be used in both kinds, and some other things; some Protestants accepted of this with an exception, but Buser fled upon it, and the Romanists abominated it. The Duke [Page 58] of Saxony taxing the King with breach of promise, joynes with the Marquesse of Brandenburgh and King of France against the Emperor, at last Peace was made with some liberty for the Pro­testants. In England, the Masse in Latine was abolisht, common Prayer esta­blisht, and Bishop Bonner imprison'd; But Mary restored the Popes supremasie, and the Masse, and caus'd the Parliament to be absolv'd by Cardinal Poole; she put to death many Bishops and o­thers resolute for the Faith; the Turks took Rhodes, but this Emperor recover'd Tunis, and releived twenty thousand Captives.

Ferdinand King of Bohemia was next elected Emperor, the Masse was omitted for some of the Electors sake; some of the Parliament in France were now Protestants, the King of France told a great Counseller that he would see him burnt, but the King in Armour being run at in jest, and by his choise with a sphear, a splinter of it breaking, entred the Kings eye and kill'd him, but his son who married the Queen of Scotland, where many was against the Romish way, [Page 59] and the Guizans allied to the Queen, came over into Scotland, but was beaten back, the Queen of England helping Scotland, the Prince of Condie a Protestant was taken by the Kings guard, the King died of putrifaction in his ears, and Condie cleared then the Kings of Navarre and Queen Mother, with the estates, had a dispute before them of almost a hun­dred Bishops and Doctors of a side, but no agreement; the Protestants of Pied­mont was cruelly persecuted for not own­ing the Masse, who defended them­selves with stones. In France there was an Edict for the Protestants, to heare the word in Peace, but the Pope puts the King in hope, Navar shall be restored him by the King of Spaine if he turne Catholick, which turning him, the Duke of Guize takes armes, first he killed 1500 men and women at a sermon, af­ter seiseth on the King and Queen at Paris, many Nobles resort to the Prince of Condie to free the King, and defend the Gospel, the Queen sent letters also to Condie to free them, many Towns was taken on both sides, the Guizans took Roan again, in the siege whereof the [Page 60] King of Navar was slain, the Guizans hang'd Marloret a Minister; Guize gave Condie battle, as he was going to joyn with some English, where Guize was slain, upon which an Edict was made, but not so strickt as before, for liberty for the Protestants.

About the year 1550. the Romanists that they may (with the Turk) main­tain that by might, which they cannot by right, did thrust the Iron Inquisition (at first appointed against Jewes and Moors) into the sides of many worthy Christians: one Julian for dispersing Bi­bles was brought to the Stake, who with his smiles, incouraig'd twenty more, who was roasted to death, also Consalvo a studious Priest being true to truth against the adoration of the host, doctrine of merit, and other Phanatick innovati­ons, was with his two sisters, mother and brother put to death; take a taste of this soure business by which the Papists hold fast deceit; when there is the least information given against any one, an Officer cal'd a familiar, is suborn'd to insinuate into his company, who tak­ing occasion to meet the partie accus'd, [Page 61] saies, I being by accident at the Lords Inquisitors, they commanded me to summon you before them, if he saies he knows nothing of that Court or the Church, they dismiss him at present, still appointing one to feel him out, and then send for him again, wishing him to confess, if the party be a stranger like to escape, they clap him up where many die; they have many devices also to find one escapt, if one be arrested they take an inventory of all he hath, as soon as he enters prison, the Joaler asks him whether he hath knife, money, or ring, which are his fees; when the party hath been imprison'd in a little place two months he comes to a hearing, if he confesses the thing accus'd for, then woe to him, if he denies, he is sent back; sometime after they send again for him, and tell him if he confess not, he shall find them severe Justices; they send for him a third time, if he confess any thing, they say they are not yet sa­tisfied, then they hold a Crucifix, re­quiring an Oath, if he refuse, they lay a large indictment against him, of what they can imagin, supposing he will con­fess [Page 62] some of it, though they never heard any such thing of him, and by thus a­mazing him; they try if they can trip him in his answers, and then require him to write down his answer, if he confess, they ask who he learnt it of, and so bring in others, then they give him an advocate, who tells him that confessing the truth is best in that Court; and it may be two years before he ap­pears again, when depositions very in­tricate are produc'd, after that they tell him they must extort the truth from him; and bringing him to a rack, stand­ing in a dark Dungeon, where the skreeks of the tormented may not be heard, the Executioner appears all in black, only peeping holes for his eyes, then the Inquisitors order the business, the party is stripped naked, having his or her hands bound, and a great waite fastned to his or her heeles,, the party is hoysed up, and let down with a jerke, ready to disjoynt all his parts, they call­ing him heretick dogg; then they hang double waite, and hoyse him up again, and confess or not, they hale up yet another time, and ask whether his o­ther [Page 63] torments are ready, bidding the ex­ecutioner to bring them to morrow; and then three daies after when the parties bodies is grevious full of pain, they rack some again, requiring them to peach whom they had conference with, then they bind their thighs so close, as the cord is so in the flesh as cannot be seen, they have another torment whereby they almost stop their breath with a cloath, and yet threaten worse, after they set a pan of Char-chole against the soules of the parties feet, if all this will not doe, then one of the inquisitors will seem to pitty and weep over the party, as they did by a Matron in Ciuil, by which they extorted from her the betraying of her mother and sister, who was put to death: These Inquisitors have also flies, that for gain will endure hun­ger and Chains in prison, only to get something out of other Prisoners, their Prison is like a grave, little and darke, the Prisoners are allowed 3 pence a day, out of which they pay for Landress and other necessaries, if any releeve them, they are whipt as favourers of Hereticks; in some time they come as [Page 64] 'twere to a Goale delivery, some are brought forth with a garment pictured with devills, and a cleft peece of wood on their tongue, and with every one that is to die, there comes two Friers to importune him to deny the doctrine he hath professed; the Inquisitors passe in great pomp to the Scaffold, where there is a Sermon preached in commen­dation of the holy house, and in re­proaching the truth with its professors, then are the sentences past against some to die without mercy, against others to be whipt, but so as they seldome scape with their lives, others are condemn'd to the galley, others to forfeit their estates, they read more in the crimes, then ever was brought against the par­ty to make him odious, if any be to be degraded, they scrape their lipps, hands, and head till blood came, to get off the holy oyle wherewith he was anointed at his ordination: They who the inquisi­tors order to die, have their neck broak suddenly at the stake, and its given out they repented & so felt no pain in the fire; and those who are let goe, they charge them not to utter their secrets un­der [Page 65] the severe penalty for relapsers.

Maxamilian the second was chose Emperor, Ferdinands Son, who was King of Hungarie, he gave his two daughters to the Kings of Spain and France; aboundance professed the refor­med Religion in the Low Countries; the Popish Prelates put the inquisi­tion in execution; the Duke de Alva goes against the Protestants, who de­fend themselves under Nasaw Prince of Orange, who though often worsted, yet most of Holland and Zealand was freed from the Spaniards tyranny. In France the Edict for liberty was observ'd only to some few Nobles; and the Kings of Spain and France with Cardinall Lorain enter a league against the Protestants Condie and others complain and goe to the King, and for their safety goe in armes; the King withdraws, Condie besie­ges Paris, overcame their forces, joyns with some Germans, but upon fair pro­mises of the Queen lays down arms, but after cruelty was used every where upon the Protestants; Condie flies to Ro­chell who passed over a ford, not known before to be drie, all other passages be­ing [Page 66] stopt, the Duke of Anion the Kings brother was made General for the King; Condie complains of the Cardinall Lorain, as the cause of the stir, Condie receives help from Brittain, they fight with loss on both sides, Condie slain, the young King of Navar, and young Condie take the charge of the Protestant Army, the King marrieth, seemeth very peaceable, but the Protestants Admiral was shot, upon which Condie and Navar withdraws, but the King seem'd desirous to punish those that shot the Admi­ral: A little after was the great Massacre at Paris; the Dukes of Anion and young Guise, having soldiers ready, who upon a signe from St. Germans Church, rusht into the Admiralls house, and threw him out of Window, upon which Guise said its a good beginning, it is the Kings command, the Soldiers also fell a killing men, women, and children; Guise (not moved by the dreadfull cries of the poore people) animated the soldiers to rout up the seed of Pro­testantisme; they went to the Lower, where the King was, and threatned Na­var and Condie, who was willing to [Page 67] choose death rather then part with their Religion, which they had from God, but yet begg'd the King to consider his bond of friendship: Divers in Count Mongomeries house fled before the Masa­cre came; there was reckon'd slain thir­ty thousand, for all which the Roma­nists pretended a plot, to confess which they tortured two Nobles, who died with abhorrance of any such thing, yet the Romanists publisht a confession in their names of treason against the King, many now terrified fled to Rochel, which the King besieged by Sea and Land, in which place came a bundance of fish, that after went away, but Embassadors came from Poland for Anion, who they had chose King, who agreed that Rochel and two other Townes should have liberty of Religion within their own bounds, but the King dying, the Queen-mother sent for her other Sone out of Poland, then condemned Mount­gomerie but now several Catholicks joyn with Condie for the Countries good; the Cardinal Lorain walking barefoot with penitentiaries, contracted a disease that killd him; after several bickerings Em­bassadors [Page 68] come to the King from Eng­land, the Cantons and elsewhere, and a peace was made for more liberty for the Protestants.

Radulph was next chose Emperor of Germany, he was King of Bohemia and Hungaria, he called a Diet at Ratisbone, about reforming Religion: the Turke in a fight lost eighteen thousand, for fifty two of the Christians. Transilvania joyning with the Emperor, the Turk was often sent back with loss, and upon the Embassadors coming from Hungarie to Vienna, it was agreed that Catholick, Lutheran, and Calvenist, and no other should exercise their Religion; the Protestants of Austria being abused, they take armes, but by the help of the Moravians they obtain peace, the Em­peror died, all was quieted, and both accuse the Jesuits as authors of their broyles. In France the Catholicks fearing if the King should die, Navar might be King, confederated in Armes, pre­tending against the Hugonites, who was in Rochell, but they goe to Paris; the King made an offer of Land to give the Catholick General, but these Leagers [Page 69] prospering, moved the King to be o [...] them, and roote out the Protestants; Navar and Condie declare against these things, joyn with the German forces, fight the King (who seem'd to com­ply with Guize, and ordered all to profess the Catholick way) Condie overthrew the King, but Guize came into Paris suddainly against the Kings command, upon which the King set forth a fierce Edict against the Pro­testants, bestowed a great place on Guize, declared Cardinal Burbone of the Royall blood, excluded Navar, all which Guize would have confirm'd by Parliament▪ but jealousie being among the Grandes, Guize was slain, the people cried out of the King, saying they ought to support the Church, and was free from their Oath, the King then joyns with Navar, wars with the Leagers, repulsed de Main that intended to surprise him, besieged Salaize, beat Count Brissac that came to releive it: He also goes a­gainst Paris, which so put the Leagers to it, that they got a Jockabine Monke who coming demurely to the King pre­tending letters, gaining through his [Page 70] subtilty, the Kings retirement in the Chamber where the Masaker was con­cluded, reading letters, he stob'd the King, upon which the attendance com­ing in killd the Murtherer; this Monke was canoniz'd St. Jeques; the King named Navar his successor, the Leageurs proclam'd another, but King Henry the fourth and young Navar goes towards Paris; Demain the Leagers generall daily lost men, but the King got a great victory, Demain fleeing, plucking up a bridge, drown'd many of his men; the King stopping provisions to Paris, 100 thousand dyed with famine, the Duke of Parma came to relieve it, but durst not attempt the Kings Army, and the Leagers went to ruine apace everywhere; the Duke of Savoys Army was also overthrown, also the King slew 700 Romans of 2000 and sent the rest to Italy; also the Duke of Parma being invited to come once more into France was dis­comfited; and another Duke being bea­ten out of the field, said farewell my Cannons, and further most blasphe­mously said, I renounce God, and run this day a hie fortune, plunging him­self [Page 71] and horse into a River, at last the Bishops turn'd the King, who came to Masse, Paris now yeelds, but yet many of the Leagers was inveterate still a­gainst the King; a youth that was told the King could be no King if the Pope consented not to it, stab'd the King, but not mortall, but the young Schollar was torne in peeces by horses, the Jesu­its was ordered to depart, who after Petition to be restored, the Protestants Petition for an Edict to prevent what they suffer'd.

A woman attempts to poyson the King, she was burnt for it, two others that attempted him mischief he only said, God will punish them: The Duke of Savoys forces came suddenly to Gene­va, got the word, kill the Centinel, was above an houre in the streets, but beaten out, and some hang'd. A Synod at Gat declared the Pope Antichrist, the Jesuits was admitted at Berne to the grief of the People. A Turke was now baptized a Citizen of Geneva; was burnt for a plot against it. There was now a great plague after great cold. The King of France one day was very sad, could [Page 72] not sleep, rose and pray'd, some Nobles going in Coach with him abroad, being chearfull, the King said we may weep yet by Sunday, but there met the Kings Coach when it stood in a street, a Layer, who when the King stooped stab'd him on his leftside, who spit blood, lost his apprehension, and by the time he came home died; the Murtherer was rackt and condemn'd, his hands was put into a Furnace flaming with fire and brim­stone, after there was colups of flesh taken from him, by red hot pinchers, and burnt, and scalded Pitch and Ro­sine was poured into those wounds, also melted lead was poured on his Navell, he had his papps pincht off, and was torne in peeces by horses, then his parts burnt, and his ashes thrown in the air: The Kings Son Lewis was crowned by the Cardinal, many Nobles of France was Protestants, some now wrote a­gainst Belarmine about the popes Tempo­ral power. Now in the Netherlands, Don John of Austria the King of Spains governor endeavoured to bring in the Inquisition, the General Estates call Mathias of Austria, who was of the [Page 73] blood to govern them; and Proclamed John an enemy to the Kings Neather­lands: The Pope promised eternall life to all that would help John against the Neatherlands. Mathias chooses for his Leiftenant, Nassaw Prince of Orange, upon which some of the Nobles mu­tined, so that John got a victory over Mathias; the Duke of Anion assists the States; Amsterdam (besieged) by the Spaniords, made an agreement with the States of Holland; and a little after, the Friers, Monks, and Priests went out, the States sitting at Antwerp, publisht a Decree for to entertaine the pacification of Gant, which the Jesuits refusing to sware was thrust out; at Gaunt was some Friers sentenc'd for Sodomie, Mathias and States complain to the Assembly of Princes in Germany of the Spaniards cruelty, the States called the Duke of Anion their Defendor: One Captain Pont of the Dukes Army abusing a maid, and boasting of it, she stabb'd him, the States at last Decree that neither Ca­tholick or Protestant shall attempt any thing upon one another; this the Ca­tholicks would not brook, and no small [Page 74] stirrs was at Aras, Don John died, to whom succeeded the Prince of Parma. Anion returns to France, many fell for money from the States, the Prince of Orange was made governor of Flanders; Embassadors from the Emperor and King of Spaine could not effect peace, the Romish would have no Religion but theirs exercised, the reform'd not be deprived of theirs, the States choose Anion their Soveraign, and so agreed with him on Articles, but the King of Spaine desiring the life of the Prince of Orange, puts out an Edict of prescrip­tion against him, Orange apologis'd, the Estate approv'd of it, cause their Ma­gistrate to abjure the King of Spaine. Anion was made Duke of Brabant, he receiv'd at Antwerpe both Romanists and Protestants into his protection. One Anestroes boy watching his time, and being perswaded by a Frier, that by characters he gave him, he should pass invis [...]bly, shot the Prince of Orange in at the Chap, but not mortall, which boy was immediately run through with a Halbard, and after hang'd; Parma had also dealt with some [Page 75] to kill Anion and Orange, but La Bordo dis­covering something, saved himself, a­nother killed himself in prison, another was drawn in peeces with horses. Anion sends a Commander to seize on Dunkirk for himself; and put out the States Garrison intended against Bruges and Antwerpe, but at Antwerpe, the King of France crying kill, kill, the Towne is our own, was beaten out with the loss of above 1500, the Duke excused all this, yeelded up again the Towns to the States; two more by the Spaniards order attempts to kill Orange, but faild, one of which was strangled, the States of Holland having now taken the Go­vernment upon themselves; Newport, Dunkirk, Sas, Hulst, Gant, and several other places was lost, the Prince of Orange sent to England to help them; Bruges was reconciled to the Spaniard, Anion died, and in his sickness would not admit a Priest, and was troubled much for his revolt. A high Burguion that liv'd at Delf a whole year, trayte­rously shot the Prince of Orange, who praying God to pitty his poor soul, and the poor people, died, the Murtherer was [Page 76] executed after a terrible manner, who confest that one of the Prince of Parmaes Counsellors promis'd him great re­wards, divers places now yeelds to Parma, even Brussels and Antwerpe; Morris, Nassaws Son is made Governor, the distressed States got Queen Eli­zabeth of England to assist them on con­ditions to have Flushing and other places security for monies, the Queen declared the reasons hereof; the Earle of Leicester was accepted Governor, swore to defend them against the Spaniards; but he hin­dring all Traffick with France also, complaint was made against him; in Spaine all English Ships was arrested, and goods confiscated, many of the English Ships had commission from the Queen, and took several prizes from the Spaeniards. Parma now going to be­siege Nuys, hang'd a Minister and two Captains, at Clost, and spoild the Town, a hallowed sword was brought him from the Pope, with remission of sins, to those that should be at saying Masse, at its first coming: Leicester marcht to Zutphen, where Sir Philip Sidney was shot and died; at Linter it raigned blood. [Page 77] Zutphen where Leceister had left a Go­vernor, and another place where was a Scotts Governor were sould to the Spaniards; the King of Spains Provinces was troubled with dearth and wolves, the States discontented (though not all) at Leicester, he by the Queens order resigned his Government; there was a Treaty between the Queen and Parma, but nothing effected, Breda was sur­pris'd for Morris, Parma died, Arnestus Arch Duke of Austria succeeded, who entred Brussels, but Solme prosperd for the States in Flanders, and Cramberg in Frezeland was yeelded to Count William; the Duke sent two to the States to treat, but Groning now yeelded to Orange; a Soldier once under Morris his guard, was executed for Treason against him, the Duke died with grief: Albertus Car­dinall of Austria came in his roome, he takes Callis from the French, but Peace was quickly made, he took Hulst from the States, with about the loss of 5000, but Morris in the dead of Winter over­came the Cardinalls Army, slew his Generall and 2000 men, with the loss of nine of Orange his side; after Groll [Page 78] and divers places more yeelded to Prince Morris. One Panne that came from Dowway had undertaken to kill the Prince, the King of Spaine died, Albertus his Army turn'd out Ministers, and put in Priests at Weezel, but the States thrive at Sea by their Fleet, Creucaeur yeelds to Morris, the States goe against Flanders; the Prince besieging Newport, but Albertus after marrying the King of Spains Daughter, came against the Prince, the Prince having sent a party to keep a passe, which the Dukes Army had passed before, was forc'd to fight, Morris lost 800 men, after the Armies engage where Sir Francis Vere under Morris utterly rooted the Spaniards, slaying 6000, Morris lost 800, but most English, Slucegrave, Berke, and divers places was after taken by the Prince, who with some English ships had the best of it in two Sea fights, in one was slain 300 of the Spaniards, 36 of the States, and in another 2000 Spaniards, and 50 of the States, but Ostend yeelded to the Duke, but a truce was made for 12 years.

In England Queen Elizabeth sets out [Page 79] a Proclamation against Childrens being brought up in Popish Seminaries be­yond Sea, the King of Spaine & Pope prepare a great Army against her, but was imployd through the death of the King of Perrugall another way; a Re­bellion now broke out in Ireland, by the Spaniards instigation, the chief was slain, & 700 Italians yeelded themselves, the King of France comes to England about matching his brother to the Queen. A Jesuit and another was ex­ecuted for Treason and Sedition, and coming from Rome, after by Parliament there was an Act against seducing the Queens Subjects, and saying Masse; the Scaffold one Sabboth day at the Beargarden fell down, killing some of the people: King James works himself out of Dowers hand, and pardoned him, one Browne writing that the Church of England was no true Church, and two of his followers was put to death; one Lewis denying the God-head of Christ was burnt; Gowery about to take the King again was beheaded; one Paris on confession of his intentions against the Queen was executed. Letters was [Page 80] taken at Sea, intimating a great designe of the Spaniard against England, the Par­liament made an Act for preservation of the Queen against Popish Priests, the Earle of Northumberland conscious of ill designes, laid violent hands upon himself.

The Queen concludes a stricter amity with the King of Scots; she sends a Fleet to the West-Indies; which re­turn'd with great booty; Dr Geford and others conspire the Queens death, one his conscience terrifying, told it to Se­cretary Walsingam, and several was exe­cuted; the French Embassador sets one to kill the Queen, who revealing it, the Embassador was soundly rebuked: now in 1688 the Spaniards invade Eng­land with an Navie call'd invincible of 130 Shipps, 20000 Men, 172 Ensignes 6320 bushells of Pease and Beanes, with great store of Biscate, Oyle, Ba­con, Wine, and other provisions, ma­ny thousand Armes in store, with Pick­axes for Pioneers, under the Duke of Modena, assisted with twenty two Lords, they lost by storme three Gallies as soon as out of Sea; coming near Eng­land, [Page 81] a Fleming inform'd the English Admirall and Sir Francis Drake, who quickly with what Shipps they had, put the Spaniards Ships to disorder, and took one with instructions in it, what the Spaniards should doe if they con­querd, wherein was part of their Trea­sure also; the Spaniards Anchord at Callis, the English send fire Ships, be­smear'd with Rozume and Brimstone among them in dead of night, which made them put to Sea in confusion to­wards Ireland, which Sea being tem­pestuous, many of their Ships run upon sands, scarce fourteen got safe home, for which there was appointed thanksgiving to God. The Scots was dealt with towards entring an Army that way, but King James prevented it; the King married the King of Denmarks Daughter, Drake now took several pla­ces from the Spaniard; the Popish Lords in Scotland made no small stir for their Interest. And a Cardinall wrote against King James, but all was crusht; the Queens Physitian was put to death, for plotting her death: Balls was sent to fire the English Fleet, a Navie from [Page 82] England takes Cadis, vanquisht the Spa­nish Fleet, releiv'd prisoners, the Spa­niard answerd it with another fleet, the greatest part of which was cast away. One Walop came to poyson the Queens saddle, with the benediction of a Je­suit, who would pawn his Soul for him: The Queen sent another Fleet under Essex, to take the Spaniards Indie Fleet, but stormes gave leave onely for Essex to returne safe, who was after sent Deputy in Ireland with an Army, with whom the Queen was displeas'd, and he came into England unlookt for, & was beheaded, but Tyrone in Ireland, & the Spaniards which was sent thither by the Popes advice was all subdued: Brute came from Rome against King James; Priests was Proclam'd to depart the Realm; Queen Elizabeth dying, King James was proclamed King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, several was found in a conspiracy against him, two Priests was executed, one affirming the King no King till Crown'd, the Jesuits was now banisht, but a little after the great designe of Gun-powder Trea­son was laid for blowing up King and [Page 83] Parliament, by putting barrels of Pow­der in a vault, where the Plotters went with dark Lanthorns, which was dis­cover'd by a Messenger, carrying a let­ter to a rong person; Hawks and others was hang'd for it.

There was another Proclamation a­gainst Roman Priests, and an Order that all that came from beyond Sea should take the Oath of Allegiance, which Garrat refusing he was executed; after the Oath was imposed on all, now in 1612 died Prince Henry, whose sister married the Palsgrave.

The Jews continue hardned in their unbelief, scatterd about the world, many of them are rich and cunning Mer­chants, but enjoy not Land or Majestra­cy; in some places they are admitted with their Synagogues in other places, only to trade, but in Spain and elsewhere, if they be known, they lose life and estate, but if they cannot get enough to transport themselves, they seem to live and die Christians. About this time Ninety thousand Moros was driven out of Spain.

Mathias, In his times great warrs was [Page 84] between the Duke of Austria, who by conditions from the Emperor, was K. of Bohemia, also with the Protestant people of Bohemia, upon the account of Reli­gion; Mathias reigned but about 6 years.

Ferdinand the second, what remarka­bles in and after his time, he vigorous­ly prosecuted the war with the Bohemian Protestants. Frederick Elector Palatine K. of Bohemia Brother to K. Charles of Engl. K. of Bohemia, was in Fight under Prague, overcome and fled to Holland; the Bo­hemian Provinces now returning to the obedience of the Emperor, who re­stor'd the Jesuits in Prague; several other places yeelded also to the Emperor. Bre­da was taken by the Spaniard. Rochell now calls forth the English, who un­der the Duke of Buckingham with about 120 Ships possessed the Island of Ree, all but the Castle, but sucker coming from the King of France, they was driven out again, the King after besieges Rochell, which brought to extremity veelded, and was turn'd to a kind of Village. Gustanus King of Sweathland, and the Lutheran Princes gave the Catholick Army under Tillie a great blow, slaying [Page 85] near 10000. The Swedes subdued all Franconie, the Saxon also a friend of the Sweede invaded Bohemia, and also Prague, the Swedes went through Alsatia and Bavaria, but some of the Emperial Princes desire the King of Frances aide; Vulsteine now Captaine of the Catholicks recovers Prague, and at Lutzen fights with the Swede two daies, in which the King was slain, the Chancellor still under­took the war, the Duke of Bavaria was now the Commander of the Emperors party, several fights passed, Frankford was taken two or three times, and Luna four times, the Emperor displac'd his general, made his son the King of Hungarie, who took Hedleburgh, Spaine assists him, he takes also several townes in lower Franconie; the Sweeds confer with the Protestants, the Duke of Newburgh desires to be Newter, for which the Sweede after afflicts him.

The Dutch in the West-Indies; take 2 Ships with sixty Tunne of gold, and at Ginnie 1044 pound waite of gold; and bring the Island of Pacunia under their yoke: In the East-Indies they took seaven Ships, possess the best Island for [Page 86] Salt, also Paraibus, in Poland the King could not assist the Emperor, because the States which chose him would not consent.

In England now was a great fire on London-bridge, the winde turning sud­denly from Thames-streete, where much Pitch and Tarr was. Aturne Noy set on foot Ship-money, and now was several Patents of Commodities granted, Hamb­den had a Tryal with the King about Shipmoney.

The Sweeds beats the Emperor.

In England Prin wrote against Stage-plays, and Burton wrote against Bishops, who were censured in Star-Chamber, loosing their eares, and was exild: The Scots now refused to admit of the Li­turgie and Bishops.

The Spaniard punish the Dutch at Dunkirk, but the Dutch Admiral Trump so beat the Spanish Fleet, that fifteen scarce escapt of fifty Ships.

The Scots raise an Army to prevent any to hinder them of what they in­gage for; the King marches to them, the Scots declare they intend not the least hurt to the King, the English refusing to [Page 87] fight the Scots, they had good conditi­ons; the Palatinate receiving help from the King of England, takes in Westphalia, but the Emperor, Ferdinand the second scatters his forces, takes his brother Rupert, who getting his liberty goes to help his unkle against the Parliaments forces.

In May 1630 the Merchants of London sent the Ship Salutation for Green-land, arived there in June, following with two other Ships, all commanded by Cap­tain Goodlier; the Ship where the Captain was meeting with store of Whales, sent for the Salutation to take in part of the Trane Oyle, as they went, meeting with cross winds, the Master sent eight men a shore to kill Venison, who took with them a brace of doggs, A Snaphance, two Lances, and a Tinderbox, they quickly laid fourteen Deare on the ground, and then rested, the next day being fogie, and the Ice keeping their Ship off the Coast, they hauled towards Green-harbor; intending to stay aboard a Ship there, till their own came, in the way they killed eight Deare more, but coming laden to Green-harbor, they [Page 88] found the Ship departed, upon which having but three daies limited for their departure out of the Country, they cast much Venison out of the Shallop, and hasted towards Bellsound to their Cap­tain, but a fog increasing, and they having no compasse, they wandred till the Ships there was gone, which filled them with astonishment, knowing none ever inhabited those clymates, nor would undertake for any rewards to winter in those parts, though allowed great provisions; yea, they; had heard that Malefactors chose rather to re­turne to satisfie the Law, then (after they had viewd the desolateness of the place) be pardoned to stay there one winter; they remembred also that there was nine men formerly left there, who was devoured by the Bears, they wan­ted cloaths, food, and a house to keep themselves from the extremiry of cold, they went again towards Green-harbor to kill Venison for winter, the first day they killd seaven, after twelve more Deare, and finding ano­ther Shallop left behind there, they laded it with graves of Whales, and [Page 89] with the food in their own they hasted to their Tent at Bell-sound; in their way they were forced to stay at Bottel-Cove, where the winde blowing hard, and Anchor coming home, their Shallop sunk, and wet their provision, upon which they run into the high wrought Sea, to their Shallops, to save the rest of their provision, and they brought their Shallops to shore, and took the Venison swiming, and got to Bell-sound, the Tent there was built of Timber and boards, and covered with Flemish tiles, the use of it was for the Coopers to make Casks to put in Traine oyle; they took down an other little Tent where the Oyle used to be made, to make a Tent within the great one, they found also four Hogsheads of Lime, which mingled with sand made morter, which they had much adoe to keep from freez­ing, they rais'd a wall of one brick thick­ness against the inward planks of the great Tent, but the bricks failing, they nayled the other sides with boards, their Chimnie whence was their light, was four foot high, sealing all very close, their beds were Deare skins, they stowed [Page 90] seaven old Shallops, two Coffers, break­ing them for fire, now having scarce any day; they spied two Sea horses a sleepe on Ice, and with an harping Iron slew them, and rosted and eate them, but the nights and cold increasing, they perceiv'd their provision short, and so stinted to one meal a day, and to fast a Wensdays, only to eat graves or fritters of the Whales, a loathsome meat, their cloathes torne, they made thread of rope yearn, and needles of Whale­bone, but their Whale-graves grew mouldie, and they found that their Bear and Venison could not afford them five meales a week; from the fourteenth of October, to the second of February, they never saw the Sun peepe above the Horizon, not knowing day from night, but the Moon as in England, but they made a Lamp of some Sheet lead, they found in the Coopers Tent, and some Oyle and rope yearne; in January when a duskish light appeared, it was so cold as it raised Blisters on their flesh, after this they melted the snow with hot Irons for water, and with Pickaxes broake the Ice; about the beginning [Page 91] of February the days were about seaven hours long, but their victuals not like to last them six weeks, but they spying a Bare and Cub coming towards their Tent, went out with Lances, upon whom the great Bare greadily came, but was soon tumbled on the ground biting the snow for anger, the young one fled, this Bare served them twenty daies, but eating her liver their skins peel'd of, many more Bares came to the Tent, seaven of which they kill'd, one of them six foot high, and the dayes lengthning, several fowled resorted to them, upon which came the Foxes also, before in their burrow under the Rocks, for to catch them, they devised traps baiting them with fowles skins, which fowle they caught by making springs of Whalebone, laying them on the fleshie side of Bearskins, they rosted and eate fifty Foxes, when the weather was warm enough, to goe further and oft­ner out, they met with divers Willcoks eggs; after came two Hull Ships, which sent a Shallop near the shoare, knowing men was left there, crying haie, to which one in the Tent answered hoe, and [Page 92] so welcom'd the new comers with long before rosted Venson and cold water, and after were entertain'd in the Hull Ships; then came the London Fleete with Captain Goodlier, who refreshed them with cloathes and victualls, with whom they returned safely to the River of Thames. Greene-land is very Moun­tanious which all the year is cover'd with Ice and Snow, the planes in part are bare in summer, there growing neither Tree or hearbe except Scurvey­grass and Sorrill, the Sea is as barren affording no fish but Whales, Seales, Sea-horses, and some few small fish.

The Turk gets Babylon from the Persian, with the loss of 40000, runs his Navie to the Red Sea, to the Cawsacks and Hungarie, but the Plague about Alepo frighted them back.

In England the King disavowes the paper the Scotts avouched, the Scotts prepare to come towards England, the King calls a Parliament, and seeing they had little mind to raise money, he desolved them, but the King gathered contributions of the Clergie, went with an Army to the North, where was a small skirmish, but the Lords on [Page 93] both sides composed the business, and the King calls another Parliament 1641 who get an Act not to be disolv'd with­out their own consent, fall to bring such as they judged offenders to tryall, perswaded the King to consent to the condemnation of Strafford, which he grieved for afterward; the Parliament call in Commissioners from Scotland, send for Bastwick and Burton who was ex­ild, imprison'd the Arch Bishop of Can­terbury; the Londoners Petition against Bishops, twelve of the Bishops leave the house, and protest, ten of which was imprison'd by the Parliament, the King takes a journie towards Scotland. The Irish Rebellion broak forth, where a­bout 200000 Protestants was murthered; Dublin was to have been surprised, but discoverd by some discourse of the Lord Mackhoone, who was sent into England and hang'd, the King returnes sumptu­ously in London, exhibites Articles a­gainst six Parliament men, and came with some in Armes to Westminster, and entred the House himself, and de­mands the six Members, who was not there, upon this the people came [Page 94] thrunging to Westminster in discontent; and the Parliament judged their privi­ledges broken, the King went to Hamp­ton Court, people Petition that the Mali­tia may be put into the hands of the Par­liament; the King refuses it, and went to York, sending the Parliament word he would go over Sea against the Irish; and would arme a lifeguard of 220 horse & foot; but by letters intercepted from the Lord Digbie, the Parl. suspected something else, and appoint Hotham not to yeeld Hull to the King, the K. sum­mond the Country as being in danger of the Parliament, the Parliament decla­red such extraordinary arming of men to be against the Laws, many of the Lords and Commons went to the King; the Parliament sent propositions to him, who not consenting, they order money and Plate to be brought in, for Religion the King and Laws, the King did the like Proclaming against their War­rants for the Malitia, they forbid raising armes by the Kings warrant, and get an Army under Essex, of fourteen thou­sand, the King besieges Hull, looses twenty one men in a retreat, the King [Page 95] sets up his Standard for men, sends for a Composure, but the Parliament would not treat till he had revokt his Procla­mation, calling them Rebels, the Armies at Edge-hill fight, both sides took pri­soners, 5000 was slaine, most of the Kings, and Ruthen his general a prisoner died of his wounds.

The French gets Tarine from the Spa­niards, and many Victories, the Pirates of Argier take a Spanish Ship, valeu'd at about three hundred thousand pound. A Countryman killing a hogg before three of his Children, one of which being six years old, the other two kil'd their brother in their fathers absence, and boast of it, their Mother threw her selfe for grief in a Well, and her husband hang'd himself. The Emperor Fard, beheads some of his commanders for not fighting, makes peace with the Turks for twenty years.

In England many victories and pla­ces are got, some by the King, some by the Parliament, who rais'd excise; tried and executed Chalanor for a plot against them.

About this time was the revolt of Portugall, a place of 800 miles Cir­cute, [Page 96] 400 miles by the Sea, this once belong'd to the King of Casteel, and was under an Earle, whose Son gain­ing much from the Moores, was made General, fought with five Mahomitan Kings, their Army being about 400 thousand, the King of Casteel made this Earle the first King of Portugal, who was confirmed by the Pope, at last the King of Casteel and Portugal fell to wars, and moreover a Cardinall coming to be King, and dying without Issue, many pretending right to it, the people, the Pope also as Doner of Crownes in controversies, but the Dutchess of Burgance was supposed the true Heir, but the King of Spaine also pretended a title, which being supported by armes, in two battles assisted by the French, he subdues Por­tugal, but ruling of them hardlie by im­positions, and listing yearly four thou­sand Portugizes, they was weary of the Spanish Government, and both Priests and People sought deliverance; the King of Spaine sends for the Duke of Burgance, Count Oliverz excuses his com­ing to Court, but assures the King of the Dukes affection, the K. makes him chief [Page 97] over his Malitia; the Nobilty and Arch Bishops meet and tell the Duke of Bur­gance, of their desire to make him King, who seem'd to desire time to consider of it, but the business was so unani­mously carried on, that on a set day by the signe of a shot from Lisbone, they fell on upon the guards in several places by Land and Sea, killing only one Swise, and threw the Kings Secretary (their great enemy) out of a window, and sackt his house, but in about two hours all the shops was open, and all quiet, rejoycing in their King John, who pro­mis'd to run all hazards, for his Coun­tries good; the plot took effect at the same time in other places and Castles al­so in the Indies, and elswhere abroad, the Spaniards being quietly sent home without blood. The Lords spiritual and temporal & Commons in Parliament confirmed the King, the Marquess of Furara gave the oath of allegian;e to the Clergie and others; the King was after Crowned by the Arch-bishop of Lisbone, attended with the Nobility; the King had put into his hand a Chrystall Scep­ter, he altered but very few officers of [Page 98] State; the Parliament would have enacted him some monies, but he ra­ther chose to accept of the peoples bene­volence, which amounted to four mil­lions of gold, this news astonisht the Court at Madrid, that a Kingdome should be lost by lights and fireworks, and ever since they have continued in war with Portugal.

Rome fortified, fearing the Spaniard, for receiving a Portugall Ambassador. The Queen of France upon a vow to the Ladie Lauretta for health restored to the Dolphin, sends twelve hundred weight of silver, and an Image of Jesus. The Emperor redeemes the Image of Marie of the Sweedes with 10000 Florenes, after the Sweede fights him for 8 hours, took 289 officers, after took in eight places. Wrangle also beats the Dane, but the Dane makes peace with both Sweede & Dutch.

In England the Parliament get assist­ance of the Scots, the King by a cessati­on in Ireland, gets some thence, who were quickly broaken, but the Scots took in many places, weakned Newcastles army in the North, with whom at Mar­ston-More, the Parliaments army, Man­chester [Page 99] and Fairfax being now made chief commanders fight, the Parliaments left wing was first worsted, but Cromwel who commanded under Fairfax, broke the Kings left wing, Lashly the Scot pur­suing, and Cromwel coming about again with his horse, releev'd the left, and got the victory, took bag and baggage, and 100 Ensignes, after the Scots took Newcastle. In Cornewal, Essex being in­compassed, the foot submitted to the King, the horse forcing their way, and escaping as they could, Essex flying to Plymouth; Propositions was sent by the Parliament to Oxford about Religion, Ireland Malitia, but nothing done, Fair­fax is voted General, a new Army is modeld, foreigne Ambassadors sought to agree the King and Parliament. The King & Prince Rupert fight the new Army, routed their left wing, Cromwel did the like by the King, and Skippon weakning their foot, Cromwel forcing the Ks. horse to flight, the foot was taken, & 4000 brought prisoners through London, about 600 on both sides slain, most of the Conquerors: Fairfax's Army by Crumwels meanes, lose not an hour, takes in [Page 100] many places, and Hopton was spoyled by Waller in the West: The Parliament would not accept of the Kings offers made to their Commissioners at Ʋx­bridge; the Scots was to hard for Mon­tross, though sometimes vexed by him, but at last they utterly overthrew him, tried and executed him.

The French take Graveline by a labo­rious siege, the great Vizor presents him­self, arm'd before the Turke, complain­ing of disaffected persons, but he is stab'd; the Dutch pass through the Da­nish Seas whether they will or no, but a Tower giving light to Marriners being remov'd, fourteen of their ships was dashed against rocks, there was burnt at Constantinople 1000 houses, 15000 ware houses.

In July 1647. The Duke of Arots, Viseroy of Naples, for the King of Spaine imposed taxes among other commo­dities upon fruits, upon which the people gave out mutenous words; the Viseroy consulted with the precincts of the City, who some of them advanc'd much money upon the gabell or tax, the noise was that if this was taken off [Page 101] another would be set upon Corne, one Masianello a spritely fellow of a middle Stature, in a blew Wastcoat, and bare­foot, with a Marriners cap, an Anglier for little fish, advised the Fruiterers to tell the Country Fruiterers in the Mar­ket place, that they would buy no more Gabel fruit; the next day the shop­keepers refused to buy, but one of the Citizens perswaded them to buy for the present, but Masianello went up and downe, cryed avant Gabel, Let the King of Spaine live, and the ill Government die, many boyes and others being got together, he told them, I will free you from all your slaveries, if you will be ruld by me, and he listed 2000 against a Festivall, with a stick in every ones hand, upon which day the people set up a Castle of wood, and battered it down with sticks and fruit; an Officer at the same time threatning the Fruite­rers, a Cousen of Masianello saying, God gives plenty, and ill Government gives dearth, through his fruite downe among the people. Masianello hit one of the City Officers on the breast with a stone, and cried no Gabel no Gabel, the people [Page 102] increased with armes, to whom Masianello said, be merry companions, this poor Fisherman shall release Naples from Tyranny; upon which the people fier'd the house with accounts, next to the Tolehouse, then the Gabel houses for other commodities, after above 10000 went to the Viseroys Pallace with loaves of bread on their Pikes, and cried, they would be freed from all taxes, the Viseroy promis'd that of fruit should be wholly abolisht, and part of that of Corne, but they not satisfied, forc'd upon his lodgings through the Soldiers, but he escaped to a Church; and the Archbishop promis'd them they should be fully satisfied, but they de­siring that some may be inrol'd to see this done; the Viseroy got to St. Elmo's Castle, the people now about fifty thou­sand disarm all guards, and routed a regiment of Germans going to the Viseroy, who sent some Lords to tell the people they should have what they desired, but they demanded the Originall of the old grants, that no new tax should be im­posed without consent of the Pope, a Copie of this being brought by a Duke, [Page 103] they found a fault, and cried out they was cheated, and so imprison'd the Duke; then they went and burnt seve­ral Officers of the Custome houses, and many rich embroyderies, Pearles, precious stones, was cast into the fire, Masianello hanging many that kept several things to themselves, and he searched divers houses for Armes: The Viseroy sent an instrument to them to take off all taxes, and to pardon them, but the pardon they said was not full; the third day they went to the Secreta­ries house, burnt his writings, Coa­ches, Pictures, and Jewels of all kinds; they demanded the Tower where the bell hung to sound to war, and quick­ly forc'd the Soldiers out, and straitned the Castle, where the Viseroy was; the Arch-bishop brought the Originall, and pardon, but they cryed out, they was the Kings good Vassals; and so went on with their Malitia, & made Masianello their captain, who erected a place to hear Petitions: the fourth day he sent to have the Duke of Caivanons house destroyd, which the people did, spoyling the Marble Statues in his garden, while a [Page 104] Treaty was held, and the Instrument brought again, one Parone an assistant of Marsianello, with consent of the Duke of Matalonie brought 500 of the Bandati, pretending for the people, which Parone would have stay together on horseback, but Masianello commanding them to be disperc'd among the foot, some of them shot at him, upon which they missing him, the people seazed on the soldiers, and Parones head was cut off, who confest a plot of powder against the people; Masianello missing the Duke Matalonie, beheaded his brother Caraffa, he searcht and found much powder in vaults, now he had above 100 thousand with him arm'd, who obey'd him at a minute; he set Centinells and spies, mad an order that none should goe with upper garments, least they carry armes, which the Nobility, Cardi­nalls, and all obeyed, now the Viseroy assuring them they should have all their priviledges, and be accounted the Kings Children, Masianello went in cloath of silver, as the Archbishop advised him to the Viseroy, who embraced him, and both coming to a belcony, the [Page 105] people cried, let the King of Spain live, but he putring his finger to his mouth, all was silent; he punisht with death any robbery by his souldiers, and went the next day (the Streets being hung with rich Tapestery to confirme Articles) which the Officers of State swore to get the King of Spaine to confirm, after Musick, and the Ordinance playing, he return'd to the people pulling off his rich, and putting on his fishers cloathes, he gave the Bishop of Severine a passe, and five hundred double pistols to bare his charges, after he spent a day in mirth, drinking to his hurt, the next day he insolently struck his Captaines without cause, sent for 2 Lords to come to him, who complaining to the Viseroy, it was thought good to perswade the people now to depend no more on Ma­siauello, but the Viseroy, and after Ma­sianello being inflam'd in Drink, play­ing mad tricks, was laid hold of, but escaping told the Archbishop that he now perceived the people to hate him he desired a procession to the most holy Lady for him, after a while he went into the Hall where some rusht upon him; and kild him

[Page 106]In England Oxford was besieged, one of the Kings last refuges, he gets out to the Scots Army, who receiving 400000 l. delivers his person to the Parliament; Oxford yeelded some time after; the Army complaine they had not what they fought for, and they removed the King, impeached 11 Members; the Parliament passed voates against the Army, and Adjourned four daies, many members going to the Army, a preparation was making to oppose the Army, which soon vanisht at the Ar­mies approach to London, the Army re­stored the Members that came to them, and declared they was willing to close with the King; the Scots desire to have him out of their hands, he was admit­ed to Hampton-Court, he refused to con­sent to propositions sent him, and gets privately to the Isle of Wight, and sends to treate at London with safety.

The Parliament then sends four Pro­positions, which the King refusing, they vote no more Adresses, which causes a rising about Colchester, and a great Army under Hambleton comes out of the North, which Cromwell beat; the [Page 107] Parliament yet treat, the Army cry for Justice upon offenders, but the Par­liament Vote▪ the Kings consessions sa­tisfactorie, the Armie put out some Members, bring the King to Windsor, then the Parliament, Vote the Com­mons the supreame Authority, make a Court to try the King, who appearing, desired to speak with both Houses, but the Court sentenc'd him to lose his head; after Hambleton and Capel lost their lives also.

The Pope warrs with the Duke of Parma, but being beaten, layes it to a Marquess. The French in fight took 6000 prisoners, and 40 great guns; and the Spaniards also yeelds Ipre; the Tar­tars and Cossack, over run Poland, took 2000 in fight, after destroyed 8000 Jews, 20000 natives; the Pole yeelds them the Ceremonies and demands they crave after quaraling againe was beaten. The Venetian beating the Turks at Dardenel, the Governor and three Bashaws was slain at Constantinple, on pretence of cowardize or falsness.

In England the Parliament Voted a Common-wealth Government, make [Page 108] Cromwel; Deputy of Ireland, the young King comes over Sea by agreement into Scotland, & is Crown'd by them; Fairfax refus'd co goe against the Scots, but Cromwel was Voted General, who at Dun­bar with a weake sickly Army over­threw the Scots, took 15000 Armes; Kings, Bishops, and banisht persons Lands was sold, mony was Coined with the States Armes, & Edinburgh yeilded.

In Holland, the Prince of Orange at­tempted to seize Amsterdam by horse and foot, coming in the night, but it was frustrated by Post letters, giving know­ledge, and the Sluces let open. A civil war overspread France, by some Princes standing up for the servile people there­in; Cardinal Mazarine was banisht, but after the stir he was admitted, and Condie slited; the Venetian in the haven of Fogio takes from the Turk 72 Oare­gallies, 18 other ships, and 60 laden, also a Bashaw, and 7000 men, all with the loss of 9 men: upon which the Turk brings the Christians to whips and chains but by the French Orator apeas­ed him, but he stops English Ships, comes again, but the Venetian slew 1500: [Page 109] This year the Sulton had seaven sons in one moneth borne to him.

The King of Brittain gets a great Army in Scotland, but some English landing at Queens Ferre, beat a party of the Scots of about 4000, and took B [...]r [...]twood; the King steered towards Worcester with about 15000 the Presby­terian joynd with the Northern Army, and Love taken at a meeting in London, was after beheaded by a high Court of Justice; the King was Proclam'd King of great Brittain at Worcester, Cromwell leaving Monck in Scotland, hasted to Wor­cester, where several forces met him, after he had with a sharp conflict gain'd a pass over Severn and Powick bridge, overthrew the Scots, who fought stout­ly, then he run into the Towne killing in the streets and elsewhere about 3000, took [...]000, Hambleton dying of his wounds, the King got into an Oake in a wood, 500 l. was offered to any that should detect him, but cutting his hair and disguis'd in habit, he with the assistance of a Lady got beyond Sea; the Earle of Darby who had got about 1400 was routed by Lilburnes Regi­ment; [Page 111] and after beheaded, many of the Nobility in Scotland was apprehen­ded; the Parliament reward Cromwel, make an Act of Navigation, which en­rageth the Dutch.

In France, Condie armes, could not be appeased, who with the Parliament of Paris urg'd the Decree against Cardinal Mazarine; the Cardinall with Armes opposeth him by the Kings order.

The English fight with the Dutch at Sea, for refusing to strike the Topsail, and to allow the tenth herring; while an Ambassador from Holland, and a Trea­ty was at London, Trump came with 42 sail towards the Brittish Sea, where he lost one and forty men by the English, after which follow'd several more fights, in one of which Trump was slaine, above 20 men of War sunk, 1000 prisoners. About this time the French going to releive Dunkirk, was by the English, by reason of the brest men taking English Ships by the Kings Com­mission scatterd, and Dunkirk yeelded to the Spaniard; Cromwel dissolved the Parliament, fearing their too long sitting, declared a Counsell of State, [Page 110] nominated a Parliament, many of which being high for Tyhes, and against toleration, the other part incenst went out of the house with the Speaker, de­livering their receiv'd power into the hands of Cromwel, who the Officers of the Army made Protector, with a Council of 21 who made peace with the Dutch, put the Papists in Ireland all to one Province. Powel and Gerrard was executed for a plot to sease the guards; he summons another Parlia­ment, agreeing with the Sheriffs that they should not alter the Government, reserving liberty to Adjourn them at such a time, after which he dissolved them, broke with Spaine, sent an Ar­my to Hispaniola, who grew faint when they landed, and was easily repulsed, but after seased Iamaica Island. There was several risings now in Armes; Penruduck and others was executed, Cromwel ap­pointed Major Generals in the Coun­tries, who took the tenth part of the Estates of those that assisted the King; Cromwel makes a peace with the French, that they exclude the King of Eng­land.

[Page 112] Condie for hatred of Cardinall Maza­rine, falls from the French Court and joynd with the Spaniard. The Moscovite falls upon the Pole, upon matter of ho­nour, the Pole desired the Swedes assist­ance, upon which he would not lay any claime more to Swedeland; the Queen of Swedeland resigned up her Crown to her Cousen, and was by the Popes Nuntio in the Duke of Tyrolls Country, upon her owning the Catho­lick Religion, with a deal of Pomp and ceremonies absolv'd of all her sins. At Cullen in Germany many was distraind for not strowing flowers on a Sacra­ment day. Colonell Doylie wrote of the good condition of Iamaica; the English hd surprised there 6000 Spaniards who had hid themselves.

In the Magulls Country there is a City calld Nagracus, where there is a Chappell pav'd of Plate of pure gold, where is plac'd an Idoll call'd Matta, visited yearly by thousands of Indians, who cut off part of their tongus to offer in sacrifice to it. Also in the same Pro­vince they goe to Iallamack, where out of cold springs, and hard Rocks are [Page 113] daily seen uncessant eruptions of fire, before which they fall downe and Wor­ship.

In the year 1655. the Duke of Saxo­ny condemn'd a man for stealing a Deer, to be bound in chaines upon a Stagg, his feet fast under the beasts belly, with an Iron Chaine soldered, and his hand also in the same manner chained to the hornes, and so set loose to run away with him; the Stagg having run near a hundred English miles, upon a direct line, in twenty six hours time, coming near some waggoners who came out of Silesia, fell downe, wherefore the poor man sitting on his back, told them the business, and earnestly begged of them to shoot him, to put him out of his pain, but they durst not, fearing the Duke; in the mean time the Stagg getting up run away with all his might, so the miseries that poor creatures un­dergone, if the Stagg killed him not in running, cannot be expressed.

In England the Protector calls ano­ther Parliament, who would have made him King, but he could not take it upon him: The English Fleet much [Page 114] spoyl'd the Spanish Indian silver Fleet. Sir Henry Slingsby, and Dr. Hewit was now beheaded for a conspiracy.

Cromwell according to agreement with the King of France, sent over into Flan­ders 6000 foot, which did the French great service in taking Mountmedi, St. Venant, and the fort of Mardike: Now the King of England had 2000 English, Scots, and Irish unimployed, which the King of Spaine with consent sends with some others commanded by the Duke of York to assault Mardike, but they after six houres conflict was forc'd to retire, upon which the English and French straitly besieged Dunkirk; to oppose them, the Dukes of Austria, and York, and Condie assembled 16000 horse and foot; 300 English foot gave the first onset, who routing the Spanish foot, the horse fled, and the French pursued them, till the Duke of York resisted, but he was overpower'd, and 2000 of the Spani­ards fide was prisoners: after which, the Governor of Dunkirk, the Marquess of Leda being slaine in a sallie, Dunkirk was surrendred upon conditions, and by the King of France and Cardinal in [Page 115] person, put into the hands of the Eng­lish.

About this time the Protestants of Piedmont was by their Duke of Savoy, through the instigation of the Priests, cruely forc'd into the woods; the Pro­testants in many parts, especially England, contributed largely to them, and at last Cromwell Protector of England got the King of France to mediate with the Duke for peace with them.

The Swede gathers a great Army, having made a league with Branden­burgh comes into the Poles Country, taking divers places as far as Wsee with­out a blow; the Pole rendezvous 36 miles from Warsow, had a hallowed sword sent him, but the Swede giving him a great overthrow, the King of Poland fled to Cracovia, which yeelded to the Swede; and the Pole fled towards Hungarie. An Envoy came from the King of Polands Standardbarer, in his name, and other of the Nobility, that seeing their King was fled out of his Country, they submitted to the King of Swedeland as their Soveraign. Elbin yeelded, and the King of Swed. made his [Page 116] Chancellor Governor of Prussia; the Swede followed the King of Poland in Silesia, beates him, taking seaven Stan­dards, and sends to block up Danzick, gives the Pole a great overthrow at War­sovia, and now when the Pole in a man­ner lost all, the Moscovite comes into Liesland against the Swede, & besieges Riga, and the Emperor of Germany became the Swedes open enemy; the Dane also came against him by Sea and Land, and besieged Bremerverden, from whence (the Swede coming) quickly drove him to Iutland, the Swede goes then to Hul­sten, also takes Fredericks Ode, after by the frost gets Funen Island, the Poles now took Lisna, destroyed many Pro­testants, went into Prussia to Thorn: the Swede and Dane make peace; an Envoy came to the Swede from Cromwell Pro­tector of England, to assure him the Swedes enemies should be his ene­mies.

The pretended Lord Protector of Eng­land with fourteen daies sickness died, the Ducth demanded of the Portugall the Isle of St. Thomas, & commerce with Brazeel. The Turk demands double custome of the Christians at Ierusalem.

[Page 117]The French and some English enter Ostend on a surprise, but are beaten out.

The Swede returne upon the Dane, get into Zealand, and besiege Copenhagen where was the King and Nobles of Denmark, Corenburgh Caslte was yeelded to the Swede; the Dane in a sally had 1500 disperst; the Dutch fought for the Dane near Shoven, where they lost eight Ships, 100 men, with Wittie Wittiens that died of his wounds, the Swede only loosing two Ships, but attempt­ing to storm Copenhagen lost many va­lorous Officers and Soldiers, in the tedious time of the Legure; the King of Swedeland fell sick and died, advising his Counsell to peace.

The K. of France marries the K. of Spains daughter, & concludes a peace, who had been long enemies. Embassadors come to the King of England from France, Venice, Holland, to desire Amity; & Peace is sup­posed to be between England and Spaine; war being made only by Cromwel.

The Turks with an Army of 80 thousand Tatrars now marches towards Germany, subdues Transilvania, places Soloni Gàber Prince, carries away many thousand Christians Captives.