THEATRƲM CHEMICƲM BRITANNICUM.
CONTAINING Severall Poeticall Pieces of our Famous English Philosophers, who have written the Hermetique Mysteries in their owne Ancient Language.
Faithfully Collected into one Volume, with Annotations thereon, By ELIAS ASHMOLE, Esq. Qui est Mercuriophilus Anglicus.
THE FIRST PART.
Serpens et Bufo gradiens suꝑ terrā Aquila volans, est nostrū Magistoriū.
LONDON Printed by J. Grismond for NATH: BROOKE, at the Angel in Cornhill. MDCLII.
TO All Ingeniously Elaborate Students, In the most Divine Mysteries of Hermetique Learning.
THe Subject of this ensuing Worke, is a Philosophicall account of that Eminent Secret treasur'd up in the bosome of Nature; which hath been sought for of Many, but found by a Few, notwithstanding Experienc'd Antiquity hath afforded faithfull (though not frequent) Discoveries thereof. Past Ages have like Rivers conveied downe to us, (upon the floate,) the more light, and Sophisticall pieces of Learning; but what were Profound and Misterious, the weight and solidity thereof, sunke to the Bottome; Whence every one who attempts to dive [...] cannot easily fetch them up: So, that what our Saviour said to his Disciples, may (I hope without offence) be spoken to the Elected Sons of Art; Unto you it is given to know the Mysteries of the Kingdome of God; but to others in Parables, that seeing they might not see, and hearing they might not understand.
Our English Philosophers Generally, (like Prophets) have received little honour (unlesse what hath beene privately paid them) in their owne Countrey; nor have they done any mighty Workes amongst us, except in covertly administring their Medicine to a few Sick, and healing them. (For greater Experiments then what it performes in Physick, they never publikely made shew of.) Thus did I▪ O. (one of the first foure Fellowes of the Fratres R. C.) in curing the young Earle of Norfolke, of the Leprosie; and Doctor B. in carrying off the virulency of the Small-pox, twice, from Queen Elizabeth; insomuch that they never appeared. But in Parts abroad they have found more noble Reception, and the world greedy of obteyning their Workes; nay, (rather then want the sight thereof) contented to view [Page] them through a Translation, though never so imperfect. Witnesse what Maierus, Hermannus, Combachius, Faber, and many others have done; the first of which came out of Germanie, to live in England; purposely that he might so understand our English Tongue, as to Translate Norton's Ordinall into Latin verse, which most judiciously and learnedly he did: Yet (to our shame be it spoken) his Entertainement was too too course for so deserving a Scholler.
How great a blemish is it then to us, that refuse to reade so Famous Authors in our Naturall Language, whilst Strangers are necessitated, to Reade them in Ours, to understand them in their Own, Yet think the dignity of the Subject, much more deserving, then their Paines.
If this we do but ingeniously Consider, we shall judge it more of Reason that we looke back upon, then neglect such pieces of Learning as are Natives of our owne Countrey, and by this Inquisition, finde no Nation hath written more, or better, although at present (as well through our owne Supinenesse, as the Decrees of Fate,) few of their Workes can be found. John Leland tooke very much paines, even at the yeilding up of the Ghost, of our English Learning, to preserve its latest (but weakest, 'cause almost spent) Breath; and from him John Bale, with John Pitts (who indeed is but Bale's Plagiary) hath left us a Catalogue of the Writers of this Nation, and that's neere all. Yet Posterity for this is deeply obliged. What punishment then did their pestilent Malice deserve, who rob'd us of their whole Workes?
A Juditious Author speaking of the Dissolution of our Monasteries, saith thus: Many Manuscripts, guilty of no other superstition then Red letters in the Front, were condemned to the Fire; and here a principall Key of Antiquity was lost to the great prejudice of Posterity. Indeed (such was Learnings misfortune, at that great Devastation of our English Libraries, that) where a Red letter or a Mathematicall Diagram appeared, they were sufficient to intitle the Booke to be Popish or Diabolicall.
Our English Nation hath ever beene happy for Learning and Learned men, and to illustrate this, I hope it will not prove distastfull.
As first, the Druydae (the famous and mysterious Druydae) that were Priests, D [...]viners, and Wise men: and took their Originall and Name from Druys Sarronyus the fourth King of the Celts, (styled Sapientum & Augurum Doctor,) who dyed Anno Mundi. 2069.
[Page] Next the Bardi, who celebrated the Illustrious Deeds of Famous Men, which they ingenio [...]sly dispos'd in Heroique Verse, and sung them to the sweete Melody of the Harpe: Amongst other Testimonies hereof receive Chaucer's;
These Philosophers had their Name from Bardus Druydus (the 5 King of the Celts,) who was the first Inventor of Verses, as Berosius tells us; and dyed An. Mundi 2138. Neither of these Sects of Philosophers used any writing (indeed it was not lawfull; for,) such was the Policy and Curiosity of Elder Ages (to defend their Learning and Mysteries from the Injury of Ignorant Interpretations) that they delivered them to Posterity, by Tradition only.
Caesar testifies, (and tis a noble Testimony) That the Learning of the Druydi, was first invented in Britaine, and thence transf [...]rr'd into France; and that, in all his time, those of France came over hither to be Instructed. Agricola (in Tacitus) preferrs the Britaines before the Students of France (notwithstanding that they were of a docible Wit, and apt to Learne) in that they were curious in attaining the Eloquence of the Latin Tongue.
As for Magick, Pliny tells us, It flourished in Britaine, and that the People there were so devoted to it (yea, with all Complements of Ceremony) a man would think that even the Persian learned his Magick thence.
A Germane Poet, sayes, that when the World was troubled with Pannonick Invasions, England flourished in the knowledge of all good Arts; and was able to send of her Learned Men into other Countries, to propogate Learning; and instances Winifrid (alias Boniface the Devonshire Man) and Willebroad (the Northerne Man) that were sent into Germany.
Nay more, England was twice Schoole-Mistris to France (for so saith Peter Ramus) viz. First by the Druydae (who taught them their Discipline) and afterwards by Alcunius, in Charles the Great's time, through whose perswasions the Emperour founded the University of Paris.
For the Saxons, it is not to be denied but that many of them, after [Page] their conversion to Christianity, were exceedingly Learned, and before that, much addicted to Southsaying, Augury, Divination by the Neighing of Horses, &c. And tis worth the Enquiry (there being more in it then we ordinarily apprehend) why they in Generall worshiped Herthas [i. e. Dame Earth] for a Goddesse, and honoured Mercury above all the Gods of the Germanes, whom they called Wooden, (hence Wodensday now our Wednesday?) For, they believed that this Dame Herthus Intermediated in Humane Affaires and Relieved the Poore; whose Image was made Armed, standing among Flowers, having in its right hand a Staffe, and in it a Banner, wherein was painted a Rose; In the other Hand a Ballance, and upon the Head thereof a Cock; on the Brest a carved Beare, and before the Midle, a fixed Scutchion; in Chiefe whereof was also a Ballance; in Face, a Lyon; and in Point, a Rose. And for their God Wooden they esteemed him as their God of Battaile, representing him by an Armed Man. Insomuch that wee to this very day retaine the Word Wood among us, to Signifie Fierce, Furious, Raging, [as when one is in a great Rage, we usually say he is Wood:] So the Mercury of the Philosophers is shaddowed under the fierce and terrible Names of Lyon, Dragon, Poyson, &c. But this is not All, although it be Something.
And now to come yet neerer to our Selves; we must needs say that of Later Times (since the Conquest) our Nation hath produced such Famous and eminently learned Men, as have equall'd (if not surpast) the greatest Schollers of other Nations, and happy were we if now we could but partake of those Legacies they left, and which Envy and Ignorance has defrauded us of: (Howsoever the small remainder which is left, we have good reason to prize,
That England hath beene successively enrich'd with such Men, our Country men John Leland (and I never heard he was Partiall) abundantly Testifies: who avers, That Generally wee have had a great number of excellent Wits and Writers, learned with the best as Times served, who besides their knowledge in the foure Tongues, in [Page] which part of them excelled, there was no Liberall Science or any Feate concerning Learning, in which they have not shewed certainte Arguments of great Felicity and Wit. And thus much for the Generality of Learning.
Now for a Particular account of the Hermetique Science, vouchsafe (Ingenious Reader) to accept the ensuing Collections, yet not so, as if therein were contained all the Workes of our English Hermetique Philosophers, (for more are design'd in a Second Part to follow and compleate this a full Theatrum; the which GOD allowing me further Time and Tranquility to run through it, as I have already this, I intend shortly to make ready for the Presse.) Whereby yet more to manifest what Men we have had, no lesse famous for this kinde of Philosophy, then for all other Commendable Arts and Sciences.
To adde any thing to the praise thereof, were but to hold a Candle before the Sunne; or should I here deliver a full Account of the Marvellous Operations and Effects thereof, it would be as far beyond the limits of a Preface, as remote from the Beliefe of the generality of the World. Nor doe I expect that all my Readers should come with an Engagement, to believe what I here write, or that there was ever any such thing in rerum natura as what we call A Philosophers Stone, nor will I perswade them to it, (though I must tell them I have not the vanity to publish these Sacred and Serious Mysteries and Arcana, as Romances) tis enough that I know Incredulity is given to the world as a punishment. Yet Ile tell them what one of our Ancient Poeticall Philosophers sayes,
I must professe I know enough to hold my Tongue, but not enough to Speake; and the no lesse Reall then Miraculous Fruits I have found in my diligent enquiry into these Arcana, lead me on to such degrees of Admiration, they command Silence, and force me to lose [Page] my Tongue. Yet, as one greatly affecting my Native Countrey, and the satisfaction of all Ingenious Artists, I have published (for their use) these ensuing Collected Antiquities; and shall here say something more then they speak of.
He who shall have the happinesse to meet with S. Dunstans Work [...] De Occulta Philosophia, (a Booke which E. G. A. I. made much use of, and which shall chiefly back what here I am about to say) may therein reade such Stories as will make him amaz'd to think what stupendious and Immense things are to bee performed by vertue of the Philosophers Mercury, of which a Taste onely and no more.
And first, of the Minerall Stone, the which is wrought up to the degree onely that hath the power of Transmuting any Imperfect Earthy Matter into its utmost degree of Perfection; that is, to convert the basest of Metalls into perfect Gold and Silver; Flints into all manner of Precious Stones; [as Rubies, Saphirs, Emeralds, and Diamonds, &c.] and many more Experiments of the like nature. But as this is but a part, so it is the least share of that Blessing which may be acquired by the Philosophers Materi [...] if the full vertue thereof were knowne. Gold I confesse is a delicious Object, a goodly Light, which we admire and gaze upon ut Pueri in Junonis avem; but, us to make Gold (saith an incomparable Authour) is the cheifest intent of the Alchimists, so was it scarce any intent of the ancient Philosophers, and the lowest use the Adepti made of this Materia.
For they being lovers of Wisdome more then Worldly Wealth, drove at higher and more Excellent Operations: And certainly He to whom the whole Course of Nature lyes open, rejoyceth not so much that he can make Gold and Silver, or the Divell [...] to become Subject to him, as that he sees the Heavens open, the Angells of God Ascending and Descending, and that his own Name is fairely written in the Book of life.
Next, to come to the Vegitable, Magicall, and Ang [...]licall Stones; the which have in them no part of the Minerall Stone (Quatenus a Stone, Fermented with Metalline and Earthy Nature) for they are marvelously Subtile, and each of them difforing in Operation and Nature, because Fitted and Formented so severall [...] and Purposes. Doubtlesse Adam (with the Fathers before the [...]lood, [Page] and since) Abraham, Moses, and Solomon, wrought many Wonders by them, yet the utmost of their Vertues they never fully understood; nor indeed any but GOD the Maker of All things in Heaven and Earth, blessed for evermore.
For, by the Vegitable may be perfectly known the Nature of Man, Beasts, Foules, Fishes, together with all kinds of Trees, Plants, Flowers, &c. and how to produce and make them Grow, Flourish & beare Fruit; how to encrease them in Colour and Smell, and when and where we please, and all this not onely at an instant, Experimenti gratia, but Daily, Monethly, Yearly, at any Time, at any Season; yea, in the depth of Winter. And therefore not unlike, but the Wallnut-Tree which anciently grew in Glastenbury Church-yard, and never put forth Leaves before S. Barnabies Day, yet then was fully loaded with them, as also the Hawthorne there, so greatly fam'd for shooting forth Leaves and Flowers at Christmas, together with the Oake in New-Forrest in Hampshire that bore greene Leaves at the same Season; may be some Experiments made of the Vegitable Stone.
Besides the Masculine part of it which is wrought up to a Solar Quality, and through its exceeding Heat will burne up and destroy any Creature, Plant, &c. That which is Lunar & Feminine (if immediately applyed) will mitigate it with its extreme Cold: and in like manner the Lunar Quality benums and congeals any Animall, &c. unlesse it be presently helped and resolved by that of the Sun; For though they both are made out of one Natural Substance; yet in working they have contrary Qualities: neverthelesse there is such a naturall Assistance between them, that what the one cannot doe, the other both can, and will perform.
Nor are their inward Vertues more then their outward Beauties; for the Solar part is of so resplendent, transparent Lustre, that the Eye of Man is scarce able to indure it; and if the Lunar part be expos'd abroad in a dark Night, Birds will repaire to (and circulate about) it, as a Fly round a Candle, and submit themselves to the Captivity of the Hand: And this invites mee to believe, that the Stone which the ancient Hermet (being then 140 Years old) tooke out of the Wall in his Cell, and shewed Cornelius Gallus, Ann. 1602. was of the Nature of this Vegitable Stone: For, (upon the opening his Golden Box wherein it was inclosed) it dilated its Beames all [Page] over the Roome, and that with so great Splendor, that it overcame the Light that was kindled therein; Besides the Hermet refused to project it upon Metall (as being unworthy of it) but made his Experiment upon Veronica and Rue.
By the Magicall or Prospective Stone it is possible to discover any Person in what part of the World soever, although never so secretly concealed or hid; in Chambers, Closets, or Cavernes of the Earth: For there it makes a strict Inquisition. In a Word, it fairely presents to your view even the whole World, wherein to behold, heare, or see your Desire. Nay more, It enables Man to understand the Language of the Creatures, as the Chirping of Birds, Lowing of Beasts, &c. To Convey a Spirit into an Image, which by observing the Influence of Heavenly Bodies, shall become a true Oracle; And yet this as E. A. assures you, is not any wayes Necromanticall, or Devilish; but easy, wonderous easy, Naturall and Honest.
Lastly, as touching the Angelicall Stone, it is so subtill, saith the aforesaid Author, that it can neither be seene, felt, or weighed; but Tasted only. The voyce of Man (which bears some proportion to these subtill properties,) comes short in comparison; Nay the Air it selfe is not so penetrable, and yet (Oh mysterious wonder!) A Stone, that will lodge in the Fire to Eternity without being prejudiced. It hath a Divine Power, Celestiall, and Invisible, above the rest; and endowes the possessor with Divine Gifts. It affords the Apparition of Angells, and gives a power of conversing with them, by Dreames and Revelations: nor dare any Evill Spirit approach the Place where it lodgeth. Because it is a Quintessence wherein there is no corruptible Thing: and where the Elements are not corrupt, no Devill can stay or abide.
S. Dunston calls it the Food of Angels, and by others it is tearmed The Heavenly Viaticum; The Tree of Life; and is undoubtedly (next under GOD) the true Alchochodon, or Giver of Years; for by it Mans Body is preserved from Corruption, being thereby inabled to live a long time without Foode: nay 'tis made a question whether any Man can Dye that uses it. Which I dot not so much admire, as to think why the Possessors of it should desire to live, that have those Manifestations of Glory and Eternity, presented unto their Fleshly Eyes; but rather desire to be Dissolved, and to enjoy the full Fruition, then live where they must be contem with the bar [...] Speculation.
[Page] After Hermes had once obtained the Knowledge of this Stone, he gave ever the use of all other Stones, and therein only delighted: Moses, and Solomon, (together with Hermes were the only three, that) excelled in the Knowledge thereof, and who therewith wrought Wonders.
That there is a Gift of Prophesie hid in the Red-stone, Racis will tell you; for thereby (saith he) Philosophers have foretold things to come: And Petrus Bonus avers, that they did Prophesie, not only Generally but Specially; having a Fore-knowledge of the Resurrection, Incarnation of Christ, day of Judgement, and that the World should be consumed with Fire: and this not otherwise, then from the Insight of their Operations.
In Briefe, by the true and various use of the Philosophers Prima materia (for there are diversities of Gifts, but the same spirit) the perfection of Liberall Sciences are made known, the whole Wisdome of Nature may be grasped: And (Notwithstanding what has been said, I must further adde) There are yet hid greater things then these, for we have seen but few of his Workes.
Howbeit, there are but a few Stocks that are fitted to Inoculate the Grafts of this Science on: They are Mysteries Incommunicable to any but the Adepti, and those that have beene Devoted even from their Cradles to serve and waite at this Altar: And how rarely such have been heard of, may appear by Norton:
And they perhaps were (with S. Paul) Caught up into Paradice, and as he, heard unspeakeable Words, so they, wrought unoperable Workes; such as it is not lawfull for to utter.
Of such as these therefore will I glory, yet of my selfe I will not glory, but of mine Infirmities. And truly whether such were in the Body or out of the Body I cannot tell, GOD knoweth, doubtlesse they were not far from the Kingdome of GOD.
But I feare I have waded too farre; and therefore now to give some Particular Account, aswell touching the Publication of this Worke, as also the Disposition thereof, and the Nature of the Obselete Language wherein tis written: I shall in the First place acquaint the Reader, that the kinde Acceptance my former Endeavours received at the Hands of Candid Artists, in publishing some Chemicall Collections; very earnestly invited me to finde out a Second Piece [Page] wherewith to present those Gratefull Persons. Whereupon I intended to rally up some of my own Conceptions in this Science, and expose them also to the Test: But (to this end, reviewing the Philosophers) I found that many (assuming that Name) wrote what their Fancies, not their Hands had wrought, and further then in Apprehension had not seene Projection; (amongst whom our Ripley was sometime One, as appeares by his Ingenious Retractation, hereafter mentioned:) and being truly sensible of the great Injury such Workes have done young Students (at the first not able to distinguish, who have written upon their undeceveable Experience, who not; and consequently, not which to follow, or which to avoyde) I withdrew my Thoughts (having never as yet set my selfe Effectually upon the Manuall Practise.) lest I should adde to the many Injuries the World has already suffered, by delivering the bare Medley of my Dubious Apprehensions, without the confident Attestation of Practise: and be justly esteemed as indiscreete as those whom Ripley mentions, that prate.
Yet still casting about what to make choyce of, at length (by th [...] incouragement of some that are Industrious after publique benefit) Centred my Thoughts, and fix'd them on this designe of Collecting All (or as many as I could meete with) of our own English Hermetique Philosophers, and to make them publique.
Nor did I change this Resolution with my Clothes, notwithstanding the Difficulties I saw, ready to encounter and obstruct the Undertaking: For, besides the Paines and Care that was thereunto requisite, the Feare of not meeting with, or obtaining the Originall Manuscripts, or Authentique Copies of this Nature, (which I knew to be in some Mens hands, yet wanting them my selfe,) shrewdly beset, though nothing discourag'd me: yet was I therewith freely and plentifully supplyed by some worthy and intimate Friends, whom I would gladly here mention, but that I well know they delight not to see their Names in Print. These had, My Care was next to dispose them in such a Series as might be answerable to the Respective Times, wherein each Author Flourished; and withall to the best Advantage of the laborious Student: the which I have manag'd with so just an Adequation, as (I hope) will neither detract from the due Honour of the One, nor yet disturbe or darken the direct path of the Other.
[Page] But whilst I was doing this, I made a Question (in regard some Philosophers had writ in Verse, others in Prose) which of these should take Precedency; and after some Consideration adjudged it to the Poetique part: And that, not only because its Originall may probably Anticipate the time of Orpheus, (although he be noted by Maierus, Primus Antistes, Sacerdos, Theologus, VATES, & Doctor totius Graecorum nationis) because that Linus is said to be the most Perite of any Lyrick Poet, and so Ancient that some suppose him Master to Orpheus, who writ that admirable Allegory of the Golden Fleece, and was the first of all the Grecians that brought the Chemick Learning (with other Sciences) out of Aegipt, as the other the first that brought the Phaenician Learning to the Grecians: I say not only for that it is the Ancientest, and Prose but of Latter use with other Nations: but because Poetry hath bin most Anciently used with us, and (as if from a Grant of Nature) held unquestionable.
Again, the Excellent Melody thereof is so Naturall and Universall, as that it seemes to be borne with all the Nations of the World, as an Hereditary Eloquence proper to all Mankinde: Nor was this all, for I considered that it Claimes a Generall succession, and Reception, in All Nations, all Ages, who were never without a Homer, a Virgil, or an Ovid: No not this small Segment of the World [England] without a Rasis Cestrensis and an Hortulanus; For the First of these, His Liber Luminum, and his Lumen de Luminum, are the Ancientest now extant in Latine Verse: In the latter of which, I cannot omit this Title of his, [Responsio Rasis Cestrensis Filio suo Merlino;] whereby it appeares he was Merlin's Contemporary (at least) if not his Mister, in this Abstruse Mystery. These Workes of his are both Published by Hermannus, but very Imperfectly, as I found by Comparing them with a Manuscript, as ancient as King John's Time. And for the Second He was the first Christian Philosopher after Morienus, who (travelling abroad, and returning hither in the Raigne of William the Conquerour) because he was the first that Transplanted the Chemicall Muses from remotest Parts into his own Country; is called Garland, ab Coronam Hermeticam & Poeticam. But, to returne to our Matter.
If neither its Antiquity, nor the Naturall Ratification, Generall Succession, and Reception thereof, were enough to allow it the Righ [...] hand of Fellowship, yet I suppose the Effects thereof, (which so affect and delight the Eare, rejoyce the Heart, satisfie the Judgement, [Page] and indulge the Hearers) justly may: In regard Poesy has a Life, a Pulse, and such a secret Energy, as leaves in the Minde, a far deeper Impression, then what runs in the slow and evenlesse Numbers of Prose: whereby it won so much upon the World, That in Rude Times, and even amongst Barbarous Nations, when other sorts of Learning stood excluded, there was nothing more in Estimation. And for that we call Rythme; the Custome of divers of our Saxon and Norman Poets, shewes the Opinion they had thereof; whilst the Latine (notwithstanding its Excellency) could not sufficiently delight their Eares, unlesse their Verses (in that Language,) were form'd with an Harmonicall Cadence, and brought into Rythme: Nor did the Ancients wrap up their Chiefest Mysteries, any where else, then in the Parobolical & Allufive part of Poetry, as the most Sacred, and Venerable in their Esteeme, and the securest from Prophane and Vulgar Wits. For such was the goodnesse of our Fathers, that they would not willingly hazard (much lesse throw) their Childrens Bread among Dogs; And therefore their Wisdome and Policy was, First, to finde out a way to Teach, and then an Art (which was this) to Conceale. In a word, to prefer Prose before Poetry, is no other, or better, then to let a Rough-hewen-Clowne, take the Wall of a Rich-clad-Lady of Honour: or to Hang a Presence Chamber with Tarpalin, instead of Tapestry.
And for these Reasons, and out of these Respects, the Poeticall (as I conceiv'd) deserved the Precedency.
Howbeit probably some of these Pieces (now brought to publique Light) had welnigh perish'd in a silent Ruine; and Destruction g [...]t a compleate Victory over them, but that my Diligence and Laborious Inquisition rescued them from the Jawes thereof: being almost quite shrouded in the Dust of Antiquity, and involv'd in the obscurity of forgotten things, with their Leaves halfe Worme-eaten. And a wonder it is, that (like the Creatures in Noahs Arke) they were hitherto so safely preserved from that Universall Deluge, which (at the Dissolution of Abbies) everflowed our greatest Libraries.
And in doing thus, I presume it no Arrogance to challenge the Reputation of performing a Worke, next that of a Mans own: and something more, in that (as if having the Elixir it selfe) I have made Old Age become Young and Lively, by restoring each of the Ancient Writers, not only to the Spring of their severall Beauties, but to the Summer of their Strength and Perfection.
[Page] As for the whole Worke it selfe, it is sheav'd up from a few gleanings in part of our English Fields; where though I have bestowed my Industry to pick up here and there, what I could finde in my way, yet I believe there are many other Pieces of this Nature in private Hands, which if any are pleas'd (out of the same Ingenious score that I have published these,) to Communicate to me: I shall set thereon a value sutable to the worth of their Favours, and let the World know its Obligation to them besides.
The Style and Language thereof, may, I confesse (to some) seeme Irksome and Uncouth, and so it is indeed to those that are strangers thereunto; but withall very Significant: Old words have strong Emphasis; others may look upon them as Rubbish or Trifles, but they are grosty Mistaken: for what some light Braines may esteem as Foolish Toys; deeper Judgements can and will value as sound and serious Matter.
We English have often varied our Fashions (such is the levity of our Fancies) and therefore if you meet with Spellings different from those in use; or uncouth Words as strangely ridiculous, as a Maunch, Hood, Cod-piece, or Trunke-hose, know; as they were the fashionable Attyres, so these the usuall Dialects of those Times: And Posterity will pay us in our own Coyne, should we deride the behaviour and dresse of our Ancestors. For we must consider that Languages which are daily used in our Discourse, are in as continuall Mutation: what Custome brings into habit, is best lik'd for the Present, whether it be to revive what is lost, or introduce something new; or to piece up the present, with the retained shreds of what preceded; But learned Tongues (which are contain'd in Books) injoy a more immutable Fate, because not subject to be washt away with the daily tyde and current of Times. They are like the fashion and Drapery wrought on Marble Statutes, which must [...]ver be retained without alteration.
And therefore that the Truth and Worth of their Workes might receive no Diminution by my Transcription, I purposely retain'd the old Words and manner of their Spelling, as I found them in the Originalls (except only some palpable Mistakes and Blemishes of former Transcribers, which I took upon me to correct and purge as litle more then Litterall Imperfections:) yet not to leave the Reader unsatisfied, have added a Compendious Table, for the Interpretation of Old, unusuall, and obsolete Words, and thereby smooth'd (as I suppose) the Passage for such as have not hitherto bin Conversant in these Ancient Rough hew'd Expressions.
[Page] Wherefore you that love to converse with the Dead, or consult with their Monuments, draw near: perhaps you may find more benefit in them, then the Living; There you may meet with the Genii of our Hermetique Philosophers, learne the Language in which they woo'd and courted Dame Nature, and enjoy them more freely, and at Greater Command, (to satisfie your Doubts) then when they were in the Flesh; For, they have Written more then they would Speake; and left their Lines so Rich, as if they had dissolved Gold in their Inke, and clad their Words with the Soveraign Moysture.
My Annotations are limited within the Bounds of what is Historicall, or what occasionally must needs intrench on the Confines of other Arts, and all Glosses upon the Philosophicall Worke purposely omitted, for the same Reasons that I chose to send forth other Mens Children into the World, rather then my own. And what presumptuous Mistaks, or Errors, the Candid Reader shall meet with, will (I hope) be Censured with no lesse Favour and Charity, then that whereby they are wont to Judge the Faults of those they esteem their Friends and Well-wishers.
And now to Conclude: May the GOD of NATURE be gratiously pleased (out of the Immense Treasury of his Goodness) to vouch safe all such (whose good Angells direct them to, or have alreadly Religiously Engaged them in this Mysterious knowledge) the Full and Entire Accomplishments of a True and Pious Philosopher, [To wit, Learning, Humility, Judgement, Courage, Hope, Patience, Discretion, Charity & Secrecie:] That so they may enjoy the Fruits of their Labours, which otherwise will be but vain, and unpleasant: and causel [...]sly render the Divine Science and Secret it selfe, Contemptible.
Farewell (Industrious Students) and let your Goodnesse still invite [...]e to accomplish the End I have proposed: In doing which, (I presume) you may one Day esteeme me, better deserving your Patronage; At least-wise, your charitable Censure: which is all the Recompence Expected or Merited, by him, who is
THE PROHEME.
Ro: Ʋaughan sculp:
Nortons Ordinall.
CHAP. I.
CHAP. II.
Confiteor, Astissimè nullus ista rapit; Licet prius didicit, absque te nilsapit: [...] tanta stat gratia te Deumsemper apud Perficere sicut capere, nam finis es, et caput▪
CHAP. III.
Ro: Ʋaughan sculp:
CHAP. IV.
Ro. Ʋaughan sculp.
CHAP. V.
Ʋaughan sculp:s
CHAP. VI.
CHAP. VII.
[Page 107] THE COMPOƲND OF ALCHYMIE.
A most excellent, learned, and worthy worke, written by Sir George Ripley, Chanon of Bridlington in Yorkeshire, Conteining twelve Gates.
Titulus Operis.
GEORGE RIPLEY UNTO King EDWARD the fourth.
Iohn Goddard sculpsit
Incipit Prologus.
The Preface.
OF CALCINATION. The first Gate.
OF SOLUTION. The second Gate.
OF SEPARATION. The third Gate.
OF CONJUNCTION. The fourth Gate.
OF PUTREFACTION. The fift Gate.
OF CONGELATION. The sixt Gate.
OF CIBATION. The seventh Gate.
OF SUBLIMATION. The eight Gate.
OF FERMENTATION. The ninth Gate.
OF EXALTATION. The tenth Gate.
OF MULTIPLICATION. The eleventh Gate.
OF PROJECTION. The twelfth Gate.
THE RECAPITULATION.
Gloria tibi Domine.
An Admonition, wherein the Author declareth his Erronious experiments.
AN. DOM. 1471.
Englished.
Amen.
LIBER PATRIS SAPIENTIAE.
Ʋaughan sculp:
AMEN.
HERMES BIRD.
Qui fuit Augsorum Ʋates ter maximus olim
Galfridus Chaucer conditur hoc Tumulo
Annum si quaeras Domini, si tempora vitae
Ecce nota subsunt, quae tibi cuncta notant.
25 Octobris 1400.
Aerumnarum requies mors.
N: Brigham hos fecit musarū nomine sumptus
Ʋaughan sculps:
1556.
THE TALE OF THE CHANONS YEOMAN.
THE PROLOGUE OF The Chanons Yeoman.
THE TALE OF The Chanons Yeoman.
THE WORKE OF JOHN DASTIN.
PEARCE THE BLACK MONKE upon the Elixir.
THE WORKE OF RICH: CARPENTER.
THE HUNTING OF the GREENELYON.
[Page 291] THE BREVIARY OF NATURALL PHILOSOPHY.
Compiled by the unlettered Scholar THOMAS CHARNOCK.
Student in the most worthy Scyence of Astronomy and Philosophy. The first of Ianuary Anno. Dom. 1557.
Anno. Dom. 1557. The first day of the new yeare This Treatise was begun as after may appeare.
The Booke Speaketh.
The Breviary of Philosophie.
The first Chapter.
The second Chapter.
The third Chapter.
The fourth Chapter.
The fift Chapter.
The sixt Chapter.
Finished the 20th of JULY, 1557.By the unlettered Schollar THOMAS CHARNOCK, Student in the most worthy Scyence of ASTRONOMY and PHYLOSOPHY.
Aenigma ad Alchimiam.
Aenigma de Alchimiae.
BLOOMEFIELDS BLOSSOMS: OR, The Campe of PHILOSOPHY.
The second parte of the BOOKE.
Incipit Theorica.
Incipit Practica.
The Conclusion.
SIR EDWARD KELLE'S VVORKE.
SIR ED: KELLEY CONCERNING the Philosophers Stone written to his especiall good Freind, G. S. Gent.
TESTAMENTUM JOHANNIS DEE PHILOSOPHI SUMMI ad Johannem Gwynn, transmissum 1568.
THOMAS ROBINSONUS DE LAPIDE PHILOSOPHORUM.
EXPERIENCE AND PHILOSOPHY.
THE MAGISTERY.
ANONYMI: OR, SEVERALL WORKES OF unknowne Authors.
In some Copies I found these following Verses set before this Worke.
A Dialogue betwixt the FATHER and the SONNE, Concerning the two Principles of the BLESSED STONE.
JOHN GOWER CONCERNING The PHILOSOPHERS STONE.
THE VISION OF Sr: GEORGE RIPLEY: CHANON of BRIDLINGTON.
AMEN.
VERSES BELONGING TO AN EMBLEMATICALL SCROVVLE: Supposed to be invented by GEO: RIPLEY.
THE MISTERY OF ALCHYMISTS, Composed by Sir Geo: Ripley Chanon of Bridlington.
The Preface prefixt to Sir Geo: Ripley's MEDƲLLA;
Which he wrote Ann. Dom. 1476. and Dedicated to Geo: Nevell then Arch-Bishop of Yorke.
A SHORT WORKE That beareth the Name of the aforesaid Author, Sir G. RIPLEY.
JOHN LYDGATE MONKE OF St. EDMUNDS BURY, In his Translation of the second Epistle that King Alexander sent to his Master ARISTOTLE.
How Aristotle declareth to King Alysaundre of the Stonys.
THE FIRST CHAPTER.
CHAP. II. Of the manner of the Worke.
CHAP. III. Of the second Order.
CHAP. IV. Of the third Order of this Worke.
CHAP. V. How to Multiply.
CHAP. VI. Of Projection.
THE HERMET'S TALE.
A DISCRIPTION of the STONE.
The standing of the Glasse for the tyme of the Putrifaction, & Congelation of the MEDICINE.
Aenigma Philosophicum.
FRAGMENTS COPPIED From THOMAS CHARNOCK'S owne hand writing.
Written at the end of RIPLYE'S Cantalena.
OTher Fragments scattered in the wast places of an Old Manuscript, written with T. Charnock's own Hand.
CHARNOCK.
Id est.
Id est.
In some Coppies I have found these Verses placed before Pearce the Black Monk, upon the ELIXIR.
I have seene an old Coppy of the said work of Pearce the Black Monk, to the end of which these following Verses were joyned.
This following Fragment in some copies I have found placed at the end of the aforegoing Exposition of Pearce the Black Monke. In others, immediately before—With Hic and with Hac, &c. and bearing this Tytle,
A CONCLUSION.
An other Conclusion.
The whole Scyence.
ANNOTATIONS AND DISCOURSES, UPON Some part of the preceding VVorke.
FRom the first word of this Proeme, and the Initiall letters of the fix following Chapters (discovered by Acromonosyllabiques and Sillabique Acrostiques) we may collect the Authors Name and place of Residence: For those letters, (together with the first line of the seventh Chapter) speak thus,
Such like Fancies were the results of the wisdome and humility of the Auncient Philosophers, (who when they intended not an absolute concealement of Persons, Names, Misteries, &c.) were wont to hide them by Transpositions, Acrostiques, Isogrammatiques, Symphoniaques, and the lyke, (which the searching Sons of Arte might possibly unridle, but) with designe to continue them to others, as concealed things; And that upon the Question no other Answer should be returned, then the like of the Iudg. 13. 18. Angell's to Manoah.[His name was Peli, to wit, admirable and secret.]
In imitation of whome, tis probable our Author (not so much affecting the vanity of a Name as to assist the lovers of Wisdome) thus modestly and ingenuously unvailes himselfe; Although to the generality of the world he meant to passe unknowne, as appeares by his owne words:
Deillustr. Angl. Script. pag. 666. Iob [...] Pitts from Iohn Bale, and De Script. Br. Gent. 11. f. 67 he from Robert Record, relates, that this Thomas Norton, was Alchymista suo tempore peritissimus, and much more curious in the Studies of Philosophy then others, yet they passe some undecent and abusive Gensures upon him, with referrence to this vaine and frivolous [Page 438] Science, as they are pleas'd to tearme it, (and a better opinion I find not they had even of the Hermetick learning it selfe.) Indeed, every one that is educated a Scholler, is not borne to aff [...]ct or be happy in every Art, some love one, some another, but few All. And this ariseth from the various Influences of the Starrs, which beget sundry Inclinations and Affections-in-Men, according to the different Constitutions and Temperatures of their Bodies; so that commonly what either a man does not affect, or know, he despises or condemnes, yet seldome with any shew of Reason. But it is no good Conclusion for Bliude men to affirme the Sun has no light, because they were never so happy as to see it. For though thy selfe (saith Conwrath) art ignorant of a Matter, tis not denied to others to know the same. However, our Author was so happy as to become a Master of this Science very early: which he learned in Ord. p. 33. forty dayes, and when he was ‘Ordin. p. 88. Scantly of the age of twenty eight yeares,’
He earnestly moved his Master (who is generally thought to be Ripley) to communicate the Red Medicine to him, which after some tyme (finding him capable of it) he accordingly did.
Much more might be said in Honour of this Author, but I refer the Reader to the Ordinall it selfe, which will abundantly satisfie.
Besides this worke (which is called both by Pitts and Bale, Epitomen Alchymiae, but by himselfe
He wrote another Booke De transmutatione Metallorum; and to these Pag. 666. Pitts adds a third De Lapide Philosophico.
In the time of Hen 8. there flourished Nyne Brothers of the family of the Nortons and all Knights, one of them (viz.) Sir Sampson Norton, Master of the Ordnance to the said King (an Office of greate Honour, and not usually confer'd but upon Men very eminent) lyes buried in Wever's fun. Mon. fo. 526. Fulham Church nere London, whose Tombe was adorned with severall Hermeticke, Hierogliphicall paintings, which have lately perisht by the Ignorant zcale of those that understood them not.
The Epitaph this.
Doubtlesse Norton was truly sensible of the high injuries done [...]o learned men through the Erronious Transcriptions of their Bookes, and had shared in the unimaginable misfortune which thereby befell the then Students in Philosophy, for be lived in those tymes that could not afford him the use of any other [Page 439] Bookes save onely Manuscripts (Printing having not served an Apprentiship to England The first Printing-Presse was set up in Westmin. Abbey by Symon Islip, An. 1471 and William Caxton the first that practised it there. See Stowes Surv. 525. when he wrote this Oridinall) & in that regard he layes this weighty charge upon unfaithfull Scribes who negligently or wilfully alter their Copy, whereby the wariest Students are encombred with doubts, and missed, or plunged into unhappy Errors.
How ordinary a fault this was amongst the Transcribers of former times may appeare by Chaucer, who (I am confident) tooke asgreate care as any man to be served with the best and heedefullest Scribes, and yet we finde him complayning against Adam his Scrivener for the very same:
But as in other Artes and Sciences the [...]ult is scarce pardonable, so cheifly in Hermetique learning, where the Injury may prove irreparable.
THis is part of the Letter which Norton's Master wrote when he invited him to come and receive the Secret by word of Mouth, for without breach of his Oath he durst not commit it to writing, lest he might cast the Childrens Bread to Doggs.
In like manner Aristotle refused to communicate to Alexander by Letter, things apperteyning to this Mistery, untill a personall meeting might allow him to do it viva voce: for thus writes Lydgate out of Aristotles Secreta secretorum.
And this was for fear his Writings should come to the view of such whose Eyes were not worthy the perusall of so sublime Secrets, and thereby suffer under the Cap. 2. contempt of the prophane Vulgar, or by wicked men be abused to wicked uses. (For a Secret discovered will not faile of doing Injury to one party or an other) which (if by his meanes it should happen) might render him Criminall before God, and a presumpiuous violator of the Calestiall Scales.
However the auncient Philosophers have used writings, and they as well obscur [...] as ob [...]io [...], whereby the Ignorant might be more Ignorant, but the Wise understand G. br. and profitt, the one be deceived, the other alured: And like Aristotle who (publishing his Acromaticall Discipline and) being therefore taxed by Alexander (because he alone had learned them of him) answered Se scripfisse, & [Page 440] nou scripfisse; edidisse quidem sed legentibus non intelligentibus. They have taken much paines by Aenigmaticall and Parabolicall discoveries (according to their affected Ideoms) to point out the Philosophers Mercury, and (with an univocall consent) asserted the wonderous operations of an Agent and Patient united but we must not looke for the Name of that in plaine words which hitherto never, Anonymi. any man durst name: For that they have lockt up in s [...]rinio pectoris, and purposely deprived of light.
Their chiefest study was to wrap up their Secrets in Fables, and spin out their Fancies in Vailes and shadows, whose Radii seems to extend every way, yet so, that they all meete in a Common Center, and point onely at One thing.
And to this effect is that of Count Trevisan. De chim. Mir. secunda pars Pag. 28. He that well understands the Philosophers shall finde they agree in all things, but such as are not the Sonns of Art will think they clash most fouly.
THere has ever beene a tontinued Succession of Philosophers in all Ages, although the beedlesse world hath seldome taken notice of them; For the Auncients usually (before they dyed) Adopted one or other for their Sonns, whom they knew well fitted with such like qualities, as are sett downe in the letter that Norton's Master wrote to him when he sent to make him his Heire unto this Science. And otherwise then for pure vertues sake, let no man expect to attaine it, or as in the case of Tonfile.
Rewards nor Terrors (be they never so Munificent or Dreadfull) can wrest this secret out of the bosome of a Philosopher: amongst others, witnesse ibid pag. 35. Thomas Dalten.
Now under what Tyes and Ingagements this Secret is usually delivered, (when bestowed by word of mouth) may appeare in the weighty Obligations of that Oath which Charnock tooke before he obtained it, for thus spake his Master to him:
And this Oath he charged him to keepe Faithfully and without Violation.
And if it so fell out, that they met not with any, whome they conceived in all respects worthy of their Adoption, Ord: pag. 37. they then refigned it into the hands of God, who best knew where to bestow it. However, they seldome left the World before they left some written Legacy behind them, which (being the issue of their Braine) stood in roome and place of Children, and becomes to us both Parent and Schoolmaster, throughout which they were so universally kinde, as to call all Students by the deare and affectionate Tytle of Sons in Pim [...]nd. (Hermes giving the first President) wishing all were such, that take the paines to tread their Fathers stepps, and industriously follow the Rules and Dictates they made over to posterity, and wherein they faithfully discovered the whole Mystery;
In these Legitimate Children they lived longer then in their Adopted Sons, for though these certainly perished in an Age, yet their Writings (as if when they dyed their Souls had been Transmigrated into them) seemed as Immortall, enough at least to perpetuate their Memories, till Time should be no more. And to be the Father of such Sons, is (in my Opinion) a most noble happinesse.
THe Conjecture has much of probability in it which speakes this the Wife of Will. Cannings, who was 5. tymes Major of Bristoll, contemporary with Norton, and whose wealth was farr beyond the best of those tymes, as appeares [Page 442] ‘by that notable Worke of his in building Saint Mary of Radcliff without the Walls of Bristoll, into which Church there is a Stately ascen [...] upon many Staires, so large withall, so finely and curiously wrought, with an arched Roofe over head of stone, artificially Imbowed; a Steeple also of an exceeding height, that all the parish Churche [...] in England which hitherto I have seene (saith judicious Brit. fo. 237. Camden) in my judgement it surpasseth many degrees.’
The said William Cannings also Camb. Brit. fo. 238. Instituted, (Isaacso [...] saith very much Chron. fo. 467. augmented) the Colledge of Westbury neere Bristoll (not long before Godw. pag. 367. founded by John Carpenter, Bishop of Worcester) and in his old age tooke upon him the Sacerdotall function and became Deane thereof.
VVIthin two dayes after the 4. May 1471 Victory which Edw. the fourth obteyned over Queene Margaret and Prince Edw. (the Wife and Son of Henry the sixt) at Teuxbury; This Stow. Ann. fo. 424. Delvis (the Sonneof Sir John Delvis then slaine) was beheaded: Notwithstanding a Pardon granted unto him and others by the King at the earnest solicitation of a Priest who withstood his entrance into a Church, whither Hee and many more were fled for Sanctuary, till the said Pardon was obteyned. A just punishment for betraying so honest a Philosopher as Dalton into the hands of so imminent danger, as the Story at the latter end of the second Chapter mentions.
THe great Letter T. set in p. 2. 6. wherein the Gryphon is cut, should have been placed the first Letter of the Line: But this mistake was comitted in my absence from the Presse, for which the Printer beggs pardon, as also the Engraver, for giving the Gryphons hinder Feete, those cloven ones of a Hogg, instead of the ungued pa [...]es of a Lyon.
What was contained within the lower compasse of the said T. which in the Originall Manuscript was like a Capitall Secretary T. seemes (in my judgement) a Coate of Armes, for although it was not drawne in the forme of a shield or Scucheon, yet within the compasse of the Letter (which I take to be the field) was Azure, a Gryphon Rampant, with Wings displayed, Argent. But to what Family it belongs I cannot yet learne.
THis alteration of our English Coyne was in the An. 1465. 5th. of Edward the 4th. the value of Money at one rise was never so great before or since; for he made of an Stow Annal. 418, Surv. 46. old Noble of Gold a Ryall, and from the value of 6 s. 8 d. with adding 8. d. in allay raised it to 10 s. (and so other Coynes in like proportion) and yet that Noble was by H. 4. made 4 d. in value lesse then the Rose Noble [Page 443] of Edw: 3. coyned Anno 1351. the Camb. Rem. pag. 172. Gold whereof as is affirmed (by an unwritten-verity) was made by Projection or Multiplication Alchimicall of Raimund Lully, in the Tower of London, and besides the Tradition, the ‘Inscription is some proofe, for as upon the one side there is the Kings Image upon a ship, to notifie that he was Lord of the Seas, with this title set upon the reverse, a Crosse floury with Lioneux, inscribed, Iesus autem tranfiens per medium eorum ibat, that is, as Jesus passed invisible and in most secret manner by the midst of Pharises, so that Gold was made by invisible and secret Art amidst the Ignorant.’ Mayerus confirmes this, and saith Simb. aur. pag. 418. Raymond made most pure Gold in the Tower which is y [...]t called Raymonds noble, obrizi summae (que) indicaturae, some of which himself had seen. Tis also worth observing that Camb. Rem. pag. 172. there was no Gold coyned in England before the said Edward the third's Reigne An. 1443. & Raymond Lully was long in England before that, for See the [...]atter end of his Test. Nov. An. 1332. he wrote his Testamentum Novissimum in St. K [...]therins Church neere the Tower of London, and Dedicated it (with other of his Workes) to Edward the third, and it may be presumed he was some while there before he wrote the same: For, that he was brought over by Cremer Abbot of Westminster, afterwards made knowne to the King, and did furnish him with much Gold, as shall appeare hereafter in the Annotations upon Hermes Bird.
IUdiciall Astrologie is the Key of Naturall Magick, and Naturall Magick the Doore that leads to this Blessed Stone.
Howbeit, the Ignorance and Malice of some times, and the common Custome of ours has most falsly and abusively called Necromancy (and what other Arts are raised from the Doctrine of Divels,) Magick; without affording that just and due distinction which ought to be made betweene them: and what greater Injury to learning then without Distinction to confound Laudable knowledge, with what is Impious and Devilish? For, if there be any thing in (what we call) Magick, other then a searching into those hidden vertues which God has been pleas'd to bestow upon created things (though closely lockt up by the generall Curse) whereby we may aptly and naturally apply Agents to Patients, I say, if in it there be any thing else, they are only subtill falsehoods that shelter and shroud themselvs under that Tytle, and which would gladly be esteemed Leaves of that Plant, from whose Root they never sprung. And therefore is it not lesse absurd, then strange, to see how some Men (who would have the World account them learned, and whome I beleive to be so learned, as to have read and found what Latitude is due to the word Magus, how it is accepted by the Judicious, and what a vast difference there is, betweene the Doctrine of a Magician, and the abuse of the Word) will not forbeare to ranke True Magicians with Conjurers, Necromancers and Witches (those grand Impostors) who Paracel. de. occult Phil. cap. 11. violently intrude themselves into Magick, as if Swine should enter into a faire and delicate Garden, and (being in league with the Devill) make use of his Assistance in their workes, to counterfeit and corrupt the admirall wisdome of the Magi, betweene whom there is as large a difference as betweene Angels and Devils
[Page 444] The Magick here intended, and which I strive to Vindicate, is, Divine, True, of the Wisdom of Nature, & indeed comprehédeth the whole Philosophy of Nature, being Gaff. Curios. pag. 66. a Perfect Knowledge of the works of God, and their Effects. It is that, which Bac. adv. fo. 33. reduces all naturall Philosophy from variety of Speculations to the magnitude of workes, and Dr. Gells Serm. 1650. whose Misteries are far greater then the naturall Phylosophy now in use and reputation will reach unto. For by the bare application of Actives to Passives it is able to exercise a kind of Empire over Nature, and worke wonders: and 'tis from the ignorance of such marvelous Operations that the Ignorant, (viz. the most learned in other things (as well as the Illiterate) if they be not learned in this,) either by an unwarrantable adoration esteeme them as Miracles, which onely are the workes of Naturall or Mathematicall Philosophy: or else (which is an Errour as wide on the left hand) forthwith censure and slander those truly Naturall as Diabolicall, because wonderfull strange and beyond the randome of their Apprehensions. The latter of which might as well say Gen. 31. 37. Jacobs practising to make his Lambs of a Py'd Colour was performed by the assistance or ministry of the Devill, and as well condemne the use of Phisick, because the Devill has taught Witches divers harmfull and uncharitable uses of Herbs, Mineralls, Excrements, &c.
And as in some dull ages, and among some Grosse Spirits it has proved dangerous to be Learned, Witnesse our Renowned Roger Bachon, whom (Together with Artepheus, Arnold, de villa nova, who were Philosophers of known reputation & credit) De Prestigiis Daem. li. 2. ca. 4. pag. 140. Wierus reckons among the Deplorati ingenii homines Selden pref. to Hopt. Concord all whose Workes fairely written and well bound, were by Religious pretending Sciolists dam'd as Devilish, with long Nailes through them fastned to desks in the Franciscan Library at Oxford, and there with Dust and Moths consumed: Even so our other famous Country-man [Profound Ripley] was also abused, Bale Cent. 8. fol. 633. who after his death is said to have been branded with the name of a Necromancer. Pope Silvester the second pas'd for a Magician (in the worst sence) because he understood Geometry; and about 150. yeares agoe (so blind an age was it,) that to know Greeke and Necromancy were one and the same thing, in opinion of the Illiterate. However, let the Ignorant scoffe and attribute that to Deceipt and Illusion which is the proper worke of Nature produced by exquisite knowledge, I am confident the ingenously learned will approve and admire it.
But to teare off that ugly vizard which Envy has placed before the Face of so Divine a Beauty, and to make way for the meaning of our Author, I thinke it necessary (in the first place) that I touch upon the Word, that gives a name to the Prosessors;
And that is Magus (primitively a Persian word) which onely signifies or imports a Contemplator of Heavenly and Divine Sciences, a studious Observer, an expounder of Divine things, a name (saith Par: prim. fo. 573. Marcellus Ficinus) gratious in the Gospell, not signifying a Witch or a Conjurer, but a wise man and a Priest. And in truth a true Magician, acknowledges God, to be the true Cause and Giver of life and vertue to Nature, and all Naturall things, of the Causes of which things (as also of Magia praecipua est pars Theologiae. Divine) is the whole scope and effect of all their Writings and Discourses:
In the Next place, that I give the Definition of Magick (because as Pic. Mir. fo. 81. Myrandula sayes) it is an Art which few understand and many reprehend, and therefore of necessity to be clearly evinced:) Receive it from a learned hand: youle finde it worth your observance.
[Page 445] Magick, is, the Connexion of naturall Agents and Patients, answerable each to other, wrought by a wise Man to the bringing forth of such effects as are wonderfull to those that know not their causes. Thus Hee. Paracelsus called it De Occult. Phil. cap. 11. a most secret and hidden Scyence of supernaturall things in the Earth, that whatsoever is impossible to be found out by mans Reason may by this Art. And shortly after to cleere it from imputations adds, that tis in it selfe most pure and not defiled with Cerimonies nor Conjurations as Necromancy is.
Agreeable to both (but more copiously delivered) is that of Corn: Agrippa, who affirmes, De Occult. Phil. lib. 1. ca. 2. Magick to containe the profoundest Contemplation of most secret things, together with the nature, power, quality, substance, and vertues thereof, as also the knowledge of whole nature: That instructs us concerning the difference and agreement, of things amongst themselves, whence it produceth its wonderfull effects, by uniting the vertues of things through the application of them one to the other, and to their inferiour sutable Subjects, joyning and knitting them together throughly by the powers and vertues of superiour Bodies. This briefly is an account of that Learning, whose Operations and Effects (being full of Misteries) was by the Ancients esteemed as the highest and sacred Phylosophie, the fountaine of all good doctrine: Animadverto (saith Pliny) summum Literarum claritatem, gloria [...]que, ex hac scientiâ antiquitus, & penes semper petitam.
What hath been hitherto said, will not (I presume) offend the Eares of the most Pious, for here is no Incantations, no Words, no Circles, no Charmes, no other fragments of invented Fopperies; nor needs there any: Nature (with whom true Magicians only deale) can worke without them, she findes Matter, and they Art, to helpe and assist Her, and here's All.
To instance the Generation of Froggs, Lyce, Wormes, Insects, &c. The worke of a Philosopher is therein onely to Guli. Par. de. leg. cap. 24. strengthen the Seeds of Nature, (for she alone Workes) and so to quicken them that they hasten the worke of Generation (and by such meanes Tho. Aquinas supposes Pharo's Magitians, produced Froggs) insomuch as it seems to the Ignorant not to be the Worke of Nature, (that usually operates more leasurely,) rather the Power of the Devill. But they who are learned in those Arts, marvell not at such working, but Glorifie the Creator. To whose Honour alone these Operations must chiefly tend, for Dr. Gells Serm. 1650. he is best praised in his workes, and we knowing him in and by these visible things, may through such knowledge understand his more Secret and Invisible things, and thereby be better inabled to Glorifie him, then men otherwise can.
Now I deny that any measure of understanding, in naturall Magick, how large soever, or the utmost and [...]arthest search we can possibly make into that pure▪ and primitive knowledge of Nature, to be a prying in [...]o those Hidden Secrets, which God would have concealed and ranked among the number and nature of those things he has prohibited us to search into, (as I know there are that will tell you it is, and they such as weare the Coat [...], and would be loath to want the reputation of Schollars) And this is fully manifested from Adam, who Gen. 2. v. 19. 20. before his Fall was so absolute a Philosopher, that he fully understood the true and pure knowledge of Nature (which is no other then what we call Naturall Magick) in the highest degree of Perfection, insomuch, that by the light thereof, upon the present view of the Creatures he perfectly knew their Naures, and was as able to bestow names sutable to their Qualities and Properties, [Page 446] For, This was a larger and cleerer Ray of the Light of Nature, then all the industry of man (since the Fall) was able to hope for or attaine unto, and (to attest the allowance) bestowed upon him by God himselfe: Nor was it this Naturall knowledg that introduced his Fall, or can be any Offence or Sin in us (were it possible) to arrive at his Perfection. No certainly; Adams transgression (for which he fell) was of a higher Nature, [even that proud inquiry into the Bac. advancement; fol. 5. and 43. knowledge of good and evill, with no lesse intent then to make a totall defection from God, and depend wholly upon himselfe and his free will.]
Besides, tis worthy Observation, that God in constituting Moses to be a Governor over his owne people, seemed as willing to make choyce of such a one for that high Office, as was Act. 7. v. 22. Ench. Phis. Rest. Can. 11. learned in all the Sciences, then in request with the Egyptians, among whom Magick was the chiefe. And we find that upon Salomon's Prayer to God for Wisdome he granted him a Heart as large as the Sea, and therein lodged so greate knowledge of Humane things, that he penetrated whatsoever the understanding of Man might comprehend: and (to manifest the inoffensivenesse of Naturall Magick,) never [...]eckons it up in all his Retractations Though he throughly understood it, and in his practise attempted the highest Experiments, which had it been unlawfull, certainly he would not have omitted.
Thus much for a Preparative. And now that I may come closer to what Norton intends, and bring Magick neerer to our purpose; We must understand that the Order and Symmitry of the Universe is so setled by the Lawes of Creation, that the lowest things [the Subcelestiall or Elementary Region] should be immediately subservient to the Midle; the Midle [or Calestiall] to those above; and these [the Supercelestiall or Intelligible] to the Supreame Rulers becke. ‘With this it is further to be knowne that these Canon. 3. Superiours and Inferiours have an Analogicall likenesse, and by a secret Bond have likewise a fast coherence between themselvs through insensible Mediam [...], freely combiening in Obedience to the same supreme Ruler, and (also to the) benefit of Nature:’ Insomuch, that if we take the said Harmony in the Reverse, we shall finde that things Cor. Agr. de oc. Phil. l. 1. cap. 38. Supercelestiall may be drawne down by Celestiall, and Supernaturall, by Naturall. For this is the Maxim of old Hermes, Tab. Smaragd. Quod est superius, est sicut id quod est inferius.
And upon this ground Cor. Agr. de Occult. Philos. lib. 1. cap. 1. Wisemen conceive it no way Irrationall that it should be possible for us to ascend by the same degrees through cach world, to the very Originall world it selfe, the Maker of all things and first Cause.
But how to conjoyne [...]he Inferiours with the vertue of the Superiours (which is marrying Elmes to Vi [...]es) or how to call out of the hidden places into open light, the dispersed and seminated Vertues (i e. Virtutes in centro centri latentes,) is, the work of the Magi, or Hermetick Philosophers onely; and depends upon the aforesaid Harmony. For,
They know that the Production of things is Naturall, but the bringing forth of the vertue is not Naturall: because the things are Create, but the Vertues Increate.
Hence it is that the Power and Vertue is not in Plants, Stones, Mineralls, &c. (though we sensibly perceive the Effects from them) but tis that Universall and All-pier [...]ing Spirit, that One operative Vertue and immortall Seede of worldly things, that God in the beginning infused into the Chaos, which is every [Page 447] where Active and still flowes through the world in all kindes of things by Universall extension, and manifests it selfe by the aforesaid Productions. Which Spirit a true Artist knowes how-so to handle (though its activity be a [...] it were dul'd and streightly bound up, in the close Prison of Grosse and Earthie bodies) as to take it from Corporiety, free [...] it from Captivity, and let it loose that it may freely worke as it doth in the Aetheriall Bodies.
But the meanes whereby it is to be done (which is the first Preparation) all Philosophers have hitherto concealed. For,
And unlesse God please to reve [...]le it, (like the Iewish Fire) it must be kept hidden, and till he doth there is no bumane industry can forcibly wrest the knowledge thereof out of the Almighties bands.
Looke not then for it at the hand of Man, for tis the Gift of God onely.
Nil dat quod non habet, Man has it not, (that is,) he has it not to bestow where he will.
In fine, if any man be so blest as to discover and unvaile our Diana, he shall finde and confesse that he was beholding to Naturall Magick for directions at the Beginning, Midle, and End; and when it is wrought up to his highest degree of Perfection, he shall see things not fit to be written; for (may I aver it with awfull Reverence) Angelicall wisdome is to be obteyned by it.
UNlesse the Medicine be qualified as it ought, tis death to east the least Attome of it, because its Nature is so highly Vigorous and strong above that of Mans; For if its least parts are able to strike so fiercely and throughly into the Body of a base and corrupt Mettall, as to Tinge and Convert it into so high a degree as perfect Gold, how lesse able is the Body of Man to resist such a [Page 448] force, when its greatest strength is far inferiour to the weakest Mettall? I doe believe (and am confirm'd by severall Authors) that many Philosophers (having a desire to enjoy perfect Health,) have destroyed themselves by adventuring to take the Medicine inwardly, ere they knew the true use thereof, or how to qualifie it to be received by the Nature of Man without destruction.
THis is the Stone which some builders up of life have refused, when in truth it was the cheife Stone in the Corner; It being produced from that undefiled vertue which is yet left with the Creature (as a small remainder of the First Blessing) and able to make a R. Bost. Phis. cap. 3, perfect union betweene the Body, Soule and Spirit, whilst our lively Fire, (that Medium between the Body and Spirit) by receiving this Aetheriall Medicine consisting of heavenly vertues (that consume the Impurities and Superfluities of the Body) is delivered from all Impediments, and the Body forced to agree with that incomparable Nature into which it is changing by so sweete and powerfull Compulsions, and consequently life Prorogued.
As touching the Prolongation of life, wee meete with some Presidents in Histories, and they not Fables, where by the Application of things inward or outward, the Spirit hath beene renewed, the Body strengthned the Vitall and Animall faculty quickned, decrepid and withered Age renewed, & Life inlarged. Besides these Relations, we perceive Nature is so curtéous to some kind of Creatures, as the Hart, Eagle, and Serpent, that she affords them meanes to obteine the benefit of Renovation (here Nature teaches them Naturall Magick, for tis no other) and why then may it not be granted to Man if sought after? Nay the R. Bach. Ep. De Secret. Natur. cap. 6. consideration of this Favourable Blessing afforded to Animalls has been the principall ground whence many Philosophers have addicted themselves to the search ‘of this Mistery, hoping that might not be denyed to Man, upon his search, which is bestowed gratis upon the Creature.’
It is apparent that our Severin. Idea Med. Philos. cap: 12. Diseases proceed chiefly from Transplantation (though I deny not but some Hereditary Corruption is intail'd upon Posterity, from the decaying, mouldering, and rotten Natures of our Ancestors) for, by what we Eate or Drinke as Nourishment; the corrupt and harmfull, nay deathfull qualities, which the Sir W. Raw. Hist. fol. 65. Divine malediction lodged in created things, is removed from them into our Bodyes, and there grow up and multiply till (having heightned the Sal, Sulphur and Mercury, into an irreconcileable Contestation, through the impurities wherewith they are loaded and burthened) they introduce a miserable decay, which consequently become a Death: and this is the sooner hastned if thereunto we adde the heavy loade of Luxuriousnesse and Glutony. Yet is not this Death Naturall but Accidentall, and (as may appeare by what has been said) a J W. Epist. Death arising out of the fruits of the greate World which growes up by Transplantation, the Rebellious Disobedience of man provoking God to plant a Death in every thing that he had made, by the Curse wherewith he had cursed the Earth. And to this the Doctrine which the 2 Esd. cap. 7. v. 11. 12. 13. Angell taught Esdras is agreeable.
And though it is appointed all must dye, against which Decree no Elixir has [Page 449] power to resist, yet this Medicine is a remedy for the particular corruption of Man, to keep back those greifes and diseases which usually accompany & molest Old Age; insomuch, that that Death which man eates in his Bread may be brought to a Seperation, and consequently (in the comfort of an Uninterrupted Health) spin out his thread of life to the longest end of that Nature fallen from Originall Justice. For tis a certaine truth that what we receive into our Bodies, of that, Nature findes two Substances, the (one with a Gladsome appetite,) she retaines to feede Vitality, the other (with an abhor'd dislike) she expells, as not onely uselesse but Putresactive and Dangerous: and if thereupon we throughly advise with our selves we must needes confesse Her way is best to be imitated, in seperating the Pure from the Impure, (which are joyned together in every thing) before we make use of them, and where she does manifestly Substract and Divide, let us not there add and multiplie; for doubtlesse the Faecis Roibm. Coment. profit nothing, nay in sick p [...]rsons they plainely oppresse the penetrating vertue of the Spirit it selfe, and commit that seperating Art to the diseased Body, which through weaknesse is not able to performe the Taske.
The Brevity of Life came in with the Fall of Adam, and though some of the Antients before the Flood lived almost a thousand yeares, yet certainely their lives were prorogued by the use of this Medicine, with which they well knew how to seperate and correct the obnoxious Qualities of all things, and I much question whether the generality of Persons then lived so long, or onely those who were the (z) true Ancestors; of Abraham, they not being alwaies the eldest Sir W. Raw. Hist. fo. 64. and first begotten of the Patriarks, but such as God ch [...]se out of the Family to continue the line, and had (by the permission of God, as a singular and peculiar blessing) this Secret Traditionally committed to them.
HEnce some affirme that Norton neither had nor knew how to make the Red Medicine, but that's not so, for to the time of publishing his Ordinall, 'tis true, he had not a second time gon about to make it, and why?
Yet that he was formerly at worke, made it, and was robb'd thereof appeares also Ord. pag. 34. before, where he saith the See Anot [...]. upon pag. 34. Merchants Wife stole it from him, and that the misfortune thereof deterr'd him from making further progresse therein. Besides, he avers his Master taught it him, and that he fully nw how to make it, for so himself witnesseth.
And lastly, in the latter end of the 5. Chap. of the aforesaid Ordinall, Norton truly and cleerely declares how it is made; unto which I refer the Reader.
Here our Author refers to the Rules of Astrologie for Electing a time wherein to begin the Philosophicall worke, and that plainly appeares by the following lines, in which he chalkes out an Election fitly relating to the Businesse.
In the operative part of this Science the Rules of Astronomie and Astrologie (as elsewhere I have said) are to be consulted with.
So that Elections, (whose Calculatory part belongs to Astronomie, but the Judiciary to Astrologie) are very necessary to begin this worke with; and the paines that Norton hath taken manifests no lesse, most Authors hinting the same, although we take but little notice thereof. For
Generally in all El [...]ctions the Efficacy of the Starrs are used as it were, by a certaine application made thereof to those unformed Natures that are to be wrought upon; whereby to further the working thereof, and make them more available to our purpose. Mar. Ficinus. For since both inferiour and superiour Causes concur to every effect, it followeth that if the one be not considered as well as the other, this Negligence will beget Error. And by such Elections as good use may be made of the Celestiall influences, as a Physitian doth of the variety of Herbes. Agreeable to which is that of Ptolomy Aphor. 8. A Iuditious man helpes forward the Celestiall operation, even as a discreet Husbandman assists Nature in his plowing and preparing the Ground. But Nativities are the Radices of Elections, and therefore we ought chiefly to looke backe upon them as the principall Root and Foundation of all Operations, and next to them the quality of the Thing we intend to fit, must be respected: so that by an apt position of Heaven, and fortifying the Planets and Houses in the Nativity of the Operator, and making them agree with the thing signified; the Impression made by that Influence, will abundantly augment the Operation.
And this is upheld by very evident reason of Nature, Sir Chr: Heyd. Des. of Astrol. pag. 363 for (saith a learned Gent. whose Defence of Iudiciall Astrologie (so long since published) stands hitherto firme & unconfuted, notwithstanding all the whifling Assaults of any Adversary) the Celestiall Influences never cease to flow into us, and therefore not unlikely that the like position or Configuration to that under which we are borne, may by like▪ impression and influence increase and strengthen the operation of the former, more then it would if the Nativity were considered alone. And upon these grounds Norton advises to make Elections like those he layes downe.
Which is the same in effect with that of Aphor. 6. Ptolomy, where he saith to this purpose, viz. ‘Though an Election of a Day or houre be well made, yet will it prove of little advantage unlesse sutably constituted to the scheame of the Nativity, because else it cannot divert that evill which in the Nativity the Planets threatned:’ and hence it comes that Actions Thrive or Miscarry (though begun at one and the same time,) according as the position of Heaven then agrees with the Nativity of the Persons that manage them.
As touching the Necessity of Elections, to be used in Dyet, Building, Dwelling, Apparell, and the severall Actions of our Life, let any that would be satisfied, read Marcellus, Ficinus, Hesiode, Cato, Virgil, Vatro, Columella, Pliny, who (and generally all Philosophers) ordered their affaires of planting, sowing, lopping, &c. by them.
For in those things (here below) which have no sence (as well as those that have) the Heavenly Influences alwaies make Impression according to the measure and Capacity of the Subject, and doe evidently manifest their Dominion in them, Gaff. Curios. pag. 219. for nothing is more powerful then their Influences, when Impressiō is once made. Witnesse their power in Plants, Herbes, Corne, and what is Vegitable, whose Seeds diversly prosper, or decay, according to the state of the ☽ with the ☉ at the time of their sowing. This the Husband-mans Experience can tell the world, and the Sun's Annuall Accesse and Recesse makes manifest to the sence.
And great Reason there is in Nature why the Moons condition ought chiefly to be observed, for she is the Planet neerest the Earth, and appointed as it were the V [...]hiculum of all other heavenly Influences unto what is Sublunary, and in that regard she is properly called Eccl. 43. 8. An Instrument of the Armies from above: according to whose present Condition things are steered; for if she be Fortunate by good Aspects, happy by Position, swift of Course, and increasing in Light, things thrive apace and flourish; But the contrary if she suffer. Impediments. We may ordinarily observe how poorely and slowly the Seeds of Plants grow up, nay many times languish and degenerate into an unkindly Quality and Tast, if sowne in the Waine of the Moone, and the Reason is because the Moysture and Sapp that should feed them is exceedingly diminished; yet it is the fittest tyme for cutting downe Timber, or what else we would preserve from decaying.
Hist. Plant. Thurneisserus (among many other admirable and usefull Observations) gives us the Position of Heaven under which severall Plants are Impregnated with the greatest vertue, the gathering of which at such times, for Phisicall uses, deserves to be taken notice of; for the notable difference that evidently appeares betwixt their virtues and the vertues of such as are gathered without that Consideration. In a word, by Elections we may Governe, Order and Produce things as we please: Faber quis (que) Fortunae propriae.
IN this and the first Ten following lines, are laid downe the Authors Rules for framing an Election by, agreeable to which he erect you Scheames (about the Latitude of 51. degrees) that are placed before the sixth Chap. which I have caused to be exactly Copied from the Originall, though some Planets, I must acknowledg, are not placed in that exact order (for houses and signes) as Astronomicall Rules direct, and the Doctrine of Astrologie requireth. For Example, In the first House of the first Figure you have ☿ in 7. degr. of ♐, the Ascendent in 2. degr. of ♐, and then the ☉ in the 18. Degr. of the same signe; whereas the 2. degr of ♐ being fewer degrees of that Signe then 7. (wherein ☿ is placed) should Antecede it. Againe in the second Figure you have both ☿ and the ☽ in the 11th House thereof, who should of Right be posited in the 10th. because the 20th degree of ♎ is the Cuspe of the 11th, and therefore all Planets in lesser degrees of that Signe are falling into the 10th. Besides you have ♀ placed in every Figure so remote from the ☉, that Astronomers must count it absurd, since she is never above 48. degr. Elongated from him; and yet in the third Figure she comes not within the compasse of a * Aspect, nay in the second she is almost in 8 to him.
For their Position; I could have placed them in Houses according to Art, but I rather let them stand as I found them in the Originall, being well assured they were thus Posited by Designe, and not through Ignorance or Mistake; for our Author manifests himselfe a learned Astrologian, and too wary a Pen-man to be guilty of either. And though it may seem contrary to Art for the Position of ♀ to be so far distant from the ☉, yet tis agreeable to his Rule of Election that she is so often placed in the 4th House (especially seeing the Signe falls out to be there in which she is exalted) because he appoints the Lord thereof to be fortunate, ‘Ord, pag. 100. For this is Thesaurum absconditum of old Clerks.’
Withall, the Planets as they stand here placed in Signes and Houses are not so as that these Figures were the Elected times for the Authors owne Operations (or any others in that Faculty) but are rather fained and invented, onely to bring them within the compasse of his Rules. And to satisfie my selfe herein, I have taken some paines to Calculate the places of the Planets for severall years about the Authors time, but cannot finde the three Superiors and place of the ☉ to be in those Signes wherein he has posited them.
It is also worthy of our Observation to see how the Author continues his Vailes and Shadows, as in other parts of the Mistery, so likewise in the very Figures of some of the Planets, for he does not exhibite them under the Characters commonly now (or then) used, but Hierogliphically in Figures agreeable to their Natures, yet Aristotle. diversitie of Names (or Figures) makes no diversitie in the th [...]ngs they signifie: For ♄ is pointed out by a Spade, ♃ by a Miter, ♂ by an Arrow, ♀ by a beautifull Face, ☿ by the figure (in those daies) usually stamped upon the Reverse of our English Coyne: Onely the ☉ and ☽ are left us in that fashion the Auncients bestowed upon them.
AStrologie is a profound Science: The depth this Art lyes obscur'd in, is not to be reach't by every vulgar Plumet that attempts to sound it. Never was any Age so pester'd with a multitude of Pretenders, who would be accounted (and stick not to style themselves) Masters, yet are not worthy to weare the Badge of illustrious Urania. And (oh to be lamented!) the swar [...]e is likely to increase, untill through their Ignorance they become the ridiculous object of the Enemies to Astrologie; (would that were all,) and Eclipse the glory of that light, which if Judiciously dispens'd to the World would cause admiration; but unskilfully expos'd, become the scorne and contempt of the Vulgar.
He that understands no more of Astrologie (nor will make a further use of it) then to quack with a few Tearmes in an Horary Question; is no more worthy to be esteemed an Astrologian then Hee who hath onely learnt Hebrew may be accounted a Caballisticall Rabbi. Tis true, he may be so fraught with words, as to amuse the unlearned, with the Canting noyse thereof, but what is that if compared to the full and intire knowledge of the Language? Yet of this sort at present are start up divers Illiterate Professors (and Women are of the Number) who even make Astrologie the Bawd & Pander to all manner of Iniquity, prostituting Chast Urania to be abus'd by every adulterate Interest. And what willbe the issue (I wish it may prove no Prophefie) ere long Astrologie shall be cried down as an Impostor, because it is made use of as a Stale to all bad Practises, and a laudable Faculty to bolster up the legerdimane of a Cheate. And besides having now growne famous by the true Predictions of some of her able and honest Sons, shall grow into as much disgrace and infamy, by the unskilfull Prognosticks of ignorant Illegitimate Bastards: who rather then they will accuse themselves when they faile of truth in their Judgments, will not stick to condemne Astrologie it selfe as defective and lame, in what their slothfull negligence or ignorant blindnesse was not able to finde out. And therefore Norton here speaks truly, that Astrologie (take it with all its Comprehensions) is as Secret or Misterious as Alchimy, and as difficult to be throughly and perfectly understood.
There are in Astrologie (I confesse) shallow Brookes, through which young Tyroes may wade; but withall, there are deepe Foards, over which even the Gyants themselves must swim. Such is the Doctrine of Nativities, Directions, Annuall Revolutions and what else depends thereupon, belonging to Man, the litle World: and beyond these, those of Comets, Eclipses, Great Conjunctions and Revolutions, that refer to the greate World. These are subjects of Eminency, and being judiciously handled Magnifie the Art. But,
I know some few Artists have satisfactorily manifested what excellency of Skill there is in Judging an Horary Question, and how much of truth may be [Page 454] drawne from that branch of Art; But they are those that are throughly read in all other parts of Actrologia; for such only are able to give a true Resolution to the Querent, and from the events of their considerate Predictions, bring Honour to the Art, and gaine Reputation to Themselves.
IN regard of the violent Nature of the Medicine which is deadly indeed, because its Nature is so infinitely strong above Mans, that it overcomes his Spirits and poysons him; Norton therefore lets fall a hinte, what Parts an Operator ought to Arme, and whence to fetch Breath: Meaning thereby, that those Orifices of the Body be closely stopt (through which there is so open a passage, that a Strong vapour would fly as speedily as lightning into the inmost parts) while the Vessell is opening. But how to breathe the while is the Difficulty. We have Practises something neere it, as of those who attempt to lye long under Water, &c.
And therefore let this be a Caution sufficient to young Practisers in this Science, that when they worke upon a Matter, and bring it (as they suppose) to some perfection, if they can indure the opening of their Vessell without being Armed, they may rest satisfied that nothing is more certaine then that their Matter is not the Philosophers Mercury, and their Practise erronious.
THis Verse ought to be heedfully observed by the Student in this Science, for he speaks a reall truth, Nihil praetermissum quod à quovis dici possit. Nothing being wanting, nor nothing left out that is needfull to be knowne to compleate this greate Worke: which many have not the happinesse to apprehend, though it should be more plainely discovered unto them. Much alike unfortunate as those that Sandivogius speaks of, Praef. in Aenig. Philos. to whom he had intimated the Art from word to word, but they could by no meanes understand him, yet would be accounted Philosophers.
‘Seeing then a Man may be in the true Path and not know it to be so, it behoves the serious Student earnestly to desire of God to Wisd. 1. 5. remove from his Mind al thoughts without understanding, to make him a 1 Thes. 5. 5. Child of the light as of the Day, that his Prov. 4. 25. Eyes may behold the right, and his Eye-lids direct his wayes. That his Dayes be not spent in vanity, nor his Yeares wast doing nothing: but that Psa. 19. 2. one Day may teach another, and one Night add knowledge to another, And then he shall find that though this Author has opened his Mouth in a Parable, yet he hath declared [or made plain] hard Sentences of Old.’
IN the search I have made after Authentique Manuscripts to compleate this Worke, a private Gentleman lent me a very faire one of Norton's Ordinall, which I chiefly followed; yet not admitting to compare it with fourteen other Copies. It was written in Velame and in an auntient sert Hand, very exact and exceeding neate. The Figures (whence I caused these herewith printed to be Graved) being also most neatly & exquisitely lym'd, and better work then that which was Henry the seventh's own Booke, (as I am informed by those that have seene both.) It had placed in the midle and bottome of the Compartiments of Flowers, Birds and Beasts, the Nevell's Coate of Armes, with others which that Family quartered. This induced me to believe it to be the Originall (or one exactly Copied from it) presented by the Author to George Nevell then Arch-Bishop of Yorke, who was a most wealthy and Magnificent Bishop; as appeares not onely by the rich Isaac. Chr. fo. 468. Iewell he offered at Beckens Tombe, but for the greate and stately Entertainment he provided at More in Hartfordshire for Edward the 4th: to make which more Magnificent he brought forth a Stow. Ann. fo. 426. vast Treasure of Plate, that he had hid during the distractions of former yeares, all which the King seised upon with his Money and Goods then valued at 20000 l. (a farre more considerable sum of Money in those dayes, then now;) and made of the Arch-Bishops Mitre (set with preclous Stones) a Crowne for himself.
I have beene informed that there was greate Correspondency betweene this Arch-Bishop and the Hermetique Philosophers of his time, and this is partly confirmed to me from Ripley's See the Preface. Dedication of his Medulla to him, Ann. 1476. as also the presentation of this of Norton's Ordinall; for though I finde the said Arch-Bishop dyed the same yeare this Ordinall was begun to be written, yet the certaine time of that yeare I cannot yet learne; But it was towards the latter end thereof, when his Successor (Lawrence Booth) was Consecrate, viz. Godw. Succ. p. 482. 25. Sept. Besides, in all probability he lay not long sick, because he dyed (at Birthlow) upon a Godw. pag. ibidem. Iourney from Yorke: So that the Booke might be finished and presented, (or if not presented, yet intended) before he dyed, though begun but the lame yeere.
THis Worke (which is also called the Twelve Gates) was pen'd by Sir George Ripley, and formerly An. 1591. set forth in print by Ralph Rabbards; I have compared it with severall other Manuscript Copies, amongst which I happily met with one written neere about the time that Ripley lived, (and in these Streames of Learning the more clearest and without the least of Mixture is to be found neerest the Spring-head,) the which I most relyed upon. Yet where they differ, the Reader (if this Copy please not) may make use of the former.
It appeares at the end of this Pag. 193. Worke, that it was written in the yeare 1471. which I the rather take notice of, because I have met with a kind of Retractation of Ripley's beginning,
Wherein he beseeches all men, wheresoever they shall meete with any of his Experiments written by Him, or that go under his Name, (from the yeare 1450. to the yeare 1470.) either to burne them or afford them no Credit, being written according to his este [...]me, nor proofe; and which (afterwards upon tryall) he found false and vaine: for soe long was he seeking the Stone, but in the truth of practise had not found it, till towards the end of that yeare, and then (saith He) Inveni quem diligit anima mea.
So that this Treatise of the 12. Gates being wrote the yeare after, is unquestionably to be relyed upon, because pen'd from a grounded experimentall Practise, as himselfe Testifies in his Admonition,
In which (for the Students safeguard) he gives an account of his own Err [...] nious Experiments, therein following Chaucer, Richardus Anglicus, Dio [...]ifius, Zacharius the noble Trevisan, and divers other honest and Consciencious Philosophers.
Ludovicus Combachiu [...] (who hath Anno 1649. lately set forth divers of Ripl [...]y's Works in Latin) tells us Pref. ad Oper. G. Rip. that he then had in his hands these Twelve Gates rendred in most pure Elegiaque verse, by one Nicholas May upon the Command of the Emperour Rudolph the second, and that he could willingly have added it to that he published, (which was translated out of English into Latine verse by Sir Edw: Kelley) for the better understanding thereof, but that the Copy was none of his owne.
The learned Faber, (1646.) bestowed much Paines and Cost in publishing to the world Printed at To louse. Basilius Currus Triumphalis, and others, in one Volume. In the Argument of which Booke Georgius Riplaeus Canonicus Anglus doctissimus & mirandus in quo nihil falsi & supervacui ad metallorum omnium proprictates, & naturas manifestandus, is thus Ingeniously acknowledged. He further assuresus that his Workes are worthy to keep pace with the best Philosophers; and knowes that Policie in Printing is surest, and takes well with the Iudicious, to begin with a good Worke, and end with the best; to which place he refers on Ripley. But I must needs tell the Reader that in pag. 338. and so to the end, he is by mistake called Triplanus instead of Riplaeus. There are other the like notorious faults which the Printer (most likely) is guilty of, as giving Isaac Holland the name of Irsacus. Cornelius Drebble he prints Tornelius, (and sometimes Fornelius) Prebellianus; and besides these, further causes of Exception to other parts of the Worke (too many to be mentioned here) amongst the rest where Faber sayes they were all rendred into Latin out of Dutch, and that this peece of Ripley's, which he there calls Triplanus de lapide Philosophorum (but is indeed an Epitomy of these 12. Gates) was by one Nicholas Barnard a Philosopher Translated out of Dutch into Latin, intimating withall that it was Originally written in the Germain Tongue; which is very false, injurious to our Author, and dishonourable to our Nation.
Thus much for the Worke, and now to say something touching our Author. Philemon Holland in his Translation of Cambden's Britania Printed 1636. [Page 457] is pleased to take the liberty to tell us that the place of his Nativity was fol. 295. Ripley, a Village in the County of Surrey, and calls him a Ring-leader of our Alchimists, and a mysticall Impostor. This Imputation of Mysticall Impostor smells more of Envious dislike then faithfull Account, and therefore I'le passe it by. But as to the place of his Birth, I am induced to believe it to be about Yorkshire, (not that he was a Foundling at Ripley in that County, or of so obscure Parents, that the name of the place of his Nativity must be impos'd upon him in defect of a better) No certainly, his Name, Relation, and Kindred discover him to be the Sonne of a Gentleman; and though I cannot exhibite his Pedigree, yet it appeares in some ancient Manuscript Copies of his towards the end thereof. Medulla (which I have seene) that his Relation of Kindred lay in the Northerne parts, ‘where (he saith) he had divers Kindred, Gentlemen of Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, as Yevarsall, Ripley, Medlay, Willoughbie, Burham, Waterton, Flemming and Talboyes, who (as he there complaines to the Arch-Bishop Nevell, to whom he dedicated that Worke) were by the Conquering Sword of Edward the fourth, (God so permitting) lamentably destroyed.’ 'Tis also considerable that his Ecclesiasticall Promotion hapned to be at Bridlington, a Camb Brit. fo. 714. Towne in the East Riding of Yorkshire.
And probably such his Advancement, might be procured rather in that Country where his Kindred and Friends lived, and himself that Country-man, then if he had been a Stranger.
I determine not whether Holland has done the learned Antiquary or profound Philosopher the greater Injury, in what he puts downe concerning the place of his Birth; for I must let the world know, 'tis not to be found in the Originall Latin which Cambden published Anno 1607. nor can I learne that there was any other Impression, to the time of Translation, nor in probability could there be when Holland Postcript to Camb. Brit. fell to worke immediately upon the coming out of the said Impression in 1607. and set forth his Translation within foure Yeares.
So that I cannot but wonder at the Boldnesse of this Translator, not onely in adding many things of his owne score, but for abusing so learned a Philosopher with the Tearme of Mysticall Impostor, and putting it upon the Account of an Author, who should he thus vilifie one of so cleere a Reputation, ingenious Schollars might have just cause to question the Candidnesse of his Pen in other things. But this kind of liberty I finde Holland hath taken in other parts of that worthy worke, The effects whereof, hath rendred Banbury (amongst others) much beholding to him for an eminent Flout: For, where Cambden fames it for Nunc conficiendo Caseo notissimum fo. 266 Cheese onely, he addes Cakes and Zeale: Neither of which are to be found in the Originall, though doubtlesse both in the Towne, and for better purpose then to be boasted of.
But to leave this Digression & returne to Ripley. ‘Pitts tells us, He was a Man Pitts de illustr Aug. Scrip. pag. 677. of a Quick, & (more then can be expressed) curious Wit, and that Totam serè suā aetatē in perscrutandis rerii Naturaliū occultis & abstrusis Causis & effectibus consumpfit; He wasted almost his whole Life in searching out the occult and abstruse Causes and Effects of Naturall things. And that he might more [Page 458] copiously and plentifully study Philosophy, and accomplish what he conceived his mind, he boldly travailed through France, Germany, and Italy, where he grew into familiarity with severall of the most Learned men.’
Leland saith truly, that he Bale Cent. 8. fo. 622. laid the foundation of his Studies in Italy, for there indeed he had the blessing first to see Projection.
'Tis further testified, that He alwayes either Pitts p. 677 Writ, or Learnt, or Taught something; He was perfectly learned in all the liberall Arts, and well red in all manner of Philosophy; a most famous Mathematitian, a Rhetoritian and Poet, Bale. fo. 622 per eam aetatem, non vulgaris effectus. Combachius styles him Praef. ad oper C. Rip. Author procul dubio dignus, qui ab Amatoribus Chemiae sedulo evolvatur, cum in sermone apertus sit rotundus & planus, nec ullis spink aliorum more obsitus: A worthy Author without exception, who is diligently studyed by the lovers of Chimestry, forasmuch as he is open, well compact, and plaine of delivery, and not wrapt in any Thornes, after the custome of others. Habet insuper (saith the same Author) cum Lulii scriptis magnam affinitatem, ut unus alterum explicet, &c. Besides, he hath great Affinity with the Writings of Lully, insomuch that the one explaineth the other.
Amongst other parts, abroad, he visited the Isle of Rhodes, and resided there for some time with the Knights of the Order of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem. An Acquaintance of mine hath in his custody certaine private Observations of an English Gentleman of good quality and credit, who in his Travells abroade, Observes (amongst other things) that in the Isle of Malta he saw a Record, which declares that this Sir George Ripley gave yearely to those Knights of Rhodes 100000l. towards maintaining the war (then on foot) against the Turks.
But at length, that he might bid his farewell to the World, and wholly consecrate himselfe to God, and betake him to his private Studies, upon his Bale Cent▪ 8. returne into England he obtained an Indulgence of Pope Innocent the eighth, that for the future he might be ‘Tit. oper. Exempt from Claustrall Observance,’ and alwaies discharged and freed from the burthen of the Ceremonies and Observancy of his Order; but in regard the Chanons admit no such things, he became a An. 1488. Carmelite in the Monastery of Saint Butolph, which (saith Leland) is a famous Bale fo. 622. Mart Towne nigh the Banks of the River Lindus: This River I take to be the River Witham in Lincolnshire (anciently called Camb. Brit. fo. 538. Lindis) which passing from Lincoln, runs towards the maine Sea by Boston, more truly called Ibid. fo. 532. Butolphs Towne, (for it carried that name from Butolph, a most holy and devote Saxon:) And if you observe Cambdens Map of Lincolnshire, you shall see St. Butolph stands neere to Boston. So that in all likelyhood this was the place of Ripley's Retirement, where he continued an Anchorite untill his Death, and was there Buried Anno 1490.
The probability whereof, may be further confirm'd from his Mcdulla, where it appeares he had then See the latter end of that worke. a great desire to return into England, and to that end therein became a Suter to the Archbishop of Yorke, that by his meanes he might obtaine an abiding place in some Religious house, within his Dioces. Which [Page 459] Archbishop presently after dying, he could not performe, but not unlike Ripley having still an earnest longing thereto, (because it was his native Countrey,) might without doubt otherwise effect.
And whereas Bale saith he obteined Pope Innocents Indulgence upon his returne into England, and thereupon became a Carmelite, An. 1488. It is manifest from the aforesaid Medulla, that at the writeing thereof, which was in 1476. (at least 12. yeares before the time Bale makes him to enter into that Order) he had this Dispensation, for so he tells the Archbishop: And if so, then it must be either Isaac. Chron. fo. 366. Sixtns the fourth, or Paul the second (his Predecessor) that must grant it unto him.
He wrote divers Bookes worthy of perusing, but amongst those which Bale Registers, I shall onely cull out these, viz.
- 1. Compendium Alchimiae, seu Castellum Duodecim Portarum.
- 2. Concordantias Guidonis & Raymundi.
- 3. Secreta Philosophorum.
- 4. Alcumistarum Misteria.
- 5. Artem brevem vel Clangorem.
- 6. Practicam Ceremonialem.
- 7. Dictata Aegri.
- 8. De Magia Naturali.
- 9. De lapide Philosophico, latine Tractatum rythimicum.
All which Pitts recites, and to them adds the following workes.
- 10. Medullam Philosophiae.
- 11. Pupillam Alchimiae.
- 12. Terram Terrarum.
- 13. Experimenta Philosophica.
- 14. De rerum temperaturis.
What followes Ludov: Combachius has lately printed, and added to some of the aforementioned Peeces.
- 15. De Mercurio & lapide Philosophorū.
- 16. Philorcium Alchimistarum.
- 17. Clavis Aurae Portae.
- 18. Viaticum seu Varia Practica.
- 19. Accurtationes & practicae Raymundinae.
- 20. Cantalena.
And lastly take into the Number the small Peeces published in this Theatrum. viz. His
- 21. Epistle to Edw the fourth, pag. 109.
- 22. Vision. pag. 374.
23. Verses belonging to his Scrowle— Pag. 375. - 24. Preface to his Medulla, 389.
- 25. A short worke supposed to be his, Pag. 393.
PHysick is a divine Science, even Gods Theologie; for the Almighty wrote his Scripture in that language, before he made Adam to reade it. The Ten Fathers before the Flood, and those that followed, together with Moses and Salomon, were the great Physitians in former Ages, who bequeathed their heavenly [Page 460] knowledges of naturall helpes to those they judged as well worthy in honesty and industry, as capable thereof: and from their piercing Beames all Nations enlightned their Tapers. Abraham brought it out of Chaldea, and bestowed much thereof upon Egypt, and thence a refulgent Beame glanced into Greece. The Coäcks and Aesculapian Family, &c. God greatly incouraged to serve that Age. Democritus and Hypocrates supported Ruinous Mankinde, with their Phisicall administrations, and Schollers successively supplyed their places for at least 400. yeares, untill Galen undertooke by his strong Abilities and incessant Paines to vivifie the then dying Genius of Phisick: which hath since most nobly beene Augmented, by the stupendious paines of Arabians and Europeans.
And in the Progresse this Science has made into severall parts of the World, we may finde, that God hath evermore been pleas'd to call upon the stage thereof in sundry Ages, some choyce and eminent Men, whom (by the Illumination of his blessed Spirit) he hath furnished with ability to reade the Characters of his blessed will, writ in that ample and sacred Volume of the Creation, and the severall Pages of individuall Natures. And further, to testifie his care of his Creatures, hath also given them Balme in their hands to stoppe the over-spreading contagiousnesse of bainefull Diseases. But to contract the Rayes of my Prospective to our owne homes, the Phisitians Colledge of London doth at this day nourish most noble and able Sons of Art, no way wanting in the choycest of Learning; And though we doe not, yet the World abroad has taken notice of sundry learned Fellowes of that Societie, as Linacres, Gilbert, Ridley, Dee, Flood, &c. and at present Doctor Harvey, who deserves for his many and eminent Discoveries, to have a Statue erected rather of Gold then of Marble.
Neverthelesse, it has beene observed in other parts that we English will socner abuse and detract from the worth of any of our owne Nation (though never so well deserving) then render them what they justly m [...]rit by a worthy Applause: And rathercry up a Frie of Illiterate Quacks (for every Galen hath his Plague, [a mounting ignorant Thessalus] that cheate the poore and simple of their Money, and (I wish they did not) often in Conclusion murder their over-credulous Patients;) then give the learned Phisitian the due Eccles. 38. Honour God has appointed us to pay him.
Now as God hath formerly shed most eminent Beames of the first light upon a few particular Men (as it were to gratifie the deserving Labourers at all times of his day;) So I am confident there are yet most noble seeds of that light of Nature appointed to spring up for the Benefit of Posterity. The Glory whereof we see hath shin'd in other Horizons, shortly it will draw neere to ours; and that which with incessant Toyle cannot yet be Discovered, shall in those dayes be freely Revealed to some that little dreame of it. I am more then Confident Succession will meete with many advantages and helpes, which this corrupt and ingratefull Age deserves not, nor shall have; because we deride, what Posterity will adore with a lasting admiration: The Circuit of that great and Sabbathicall Conjunction of the two Superiour Planets which began An. 1603. in the Fiery Triplicity, will Illustrate, Enlarge, and Refine Arts like the tryed Gold, It shall produce more pregnant and famous Philosophers by Fire, (I meane such as is Etheriall) then yet the world ere saw; and so purifie some [Page 461] ingenious Inquisitors, as to make them fit Mettall for Angells to Project on. This Fiery Trigon shall not passe, before that God make manifest what he commanded former Ages to keepe Secret, Where old Hermes his Aetheriall Phisick (viz. this Quintessentiall Water which Ripley here speakes of, and which is ‘Sir E. K. to G. S. Such as auncient Phisick taught,’ shall be Restored; whose perfect and incorruptible Qualities of Heate, Cold, Moisture and Drinesse are able not onely to Nourish, Fortisie, and Encrease the Vitall Spirits, but Digest, Correct and Consume all Impediments and Corruptions, those hurtfull and Impure Seeds which crept in with the Curse, (and joyning themselves with the Good,) have ever since (like a growing Tyde) encroached so far upon the Body of Man, till he is almost overwhelm'd and ready to Perish.
But it is to be acknowledged that those Chemists deserve a considerable share of Honour, who, for want of this Aetheriall and Universall Medicine (which God hath hitherto granted to few) zealously apply themselves to finde out a Particular one, (that sedulous Industry may afford to more) and to raise up a Body of Phisick, from those Bost. Phis. cap. 4. Three Principles which are to be found in every Body, because compounded of them; (though strongly lockt up) namely Sal, Sulphur, and Mercury: (to which De Clave of late adds two more, viz. Earth and Phleagme) and so comfortably relieve decaying Mortality, and heale Diseases by the meanes they are Cured.
In the painefull and curious search of which Experiments, where there is more of Nature that still lyes hid, (yea she is as Infinite in her Productions, as the Minde of Man can be Unsatiable, in the search) let the satisfaction the Ingenious Artist findes in one Truth, leade him cheerfully on to make Inquisition after a further, perhaps the Event of his Labours may discover a Perfection in the knowledge he hunts after, and Providence may be as kinde to so diligent an Inquisitor, as Nature is to the Ant, who bestows Wings on her in her declining Age, as a reward for her former Labours.
And albeit I magnifie Chemicall Phisique, yet I do not lessen the due commendations that belong to Galenicall: nor dare I, when so great an Hermetick Philosopher as Arnoldus de villa Nova has taken so much paines to Joyne them together. And besides him, it has been the worke of Maierus, Faber, and many other consciencious Philosophers, to reconcile them. Who laying aside (indeede abhorring) all thought of Faction, conceive nothing to come neerer the Divinity of Nature, or be any way more gratefull to God and Good men, then to help the Afflicted, and relieve the Sick; nor greater Charity then to bestow health, and support dejected Nature. Nor is Galenicall Phisick hard to come by, it being at all times easy to be met with, the Superficies of the Earth never denying us some thing or other for Medicine, and they, Milde, Gentle, and Safe for weake and tender Natures. Moreover, it is observed by Nollius and others, that where God strikes with any Disease, in those parts he also sends forth a Plant that he endowes with vertue to cure it. And truly I cannot but admire at those snarling humours, who make it their Ta [...]ke to disparage what they affect not, (nay oftentimes what is beyond their owne worth) and rent those noble [Page 462] parts of Art asunder, which Nature has conjoyned in an harmonious Agreement, and whose wide breaches, honest hearted Philosophers endeavour to make up by a friendly Reconciliation, it being not to be denyed, but that each hath their peculiar Eminencies for which they deserve both Praise & Honour. For my owne part, I am none of the Detractors from Learning, but beare an Universall affection to Arts, and am in freindship with each of their particular Branches; Nay even in those I understand not, for I am perswaded by the satisfaction I have received in things which before time I knew not, that there may be something deserving of my faire Opinion, in what I am yet to know.
It has proved a great Bac. adv. pag. 37. Errour in some Practitioners, who (tumbling up and downe their owne Speculations) seeke out for Truth in the Little world, and withdrawing themselves too much from the Contemplation of Experimentall Naturall Obsevations, neglect to looke for it in the greate and common World: When certainly such may far sooner arrive at that Truth they seeke for in Man, if they would but observe the Beginnings, Change, declination, and death of all things, in and upon this inferiour Globe, and compare their vertues with our owne internall Natures, for they are certainly See Davison's Curic. Chemic. united by a Noble, excellent, and secret Harmony and Relation.
And having found the true Originall and Cause of Diseases, then further to search after a proper remedy; for all Diseases are not cured by one sort of Physick (save that which is Aetheriall and Incorporeall) And therefore according to the Doctrine of De occult. Phil. cap. 3. Paracelsus, such as are bred from so light a cause [...]s the impure Seeds of Vegitables, viz. Meate, Drinke, Fruits, Herbes, and the like Elementary things, may be very easily cured with the Secrets of Hearbes, Roots, and such like mild and tender Medicines, of which sort Galenicall Physick is more plentifully furnished then any of the [...]est. Those that are produced from the more rude and knotteer Qualities of Mineralls, and what is cast within the Compasse of that Tribe, the Chemicall Phisitian must expell by the power and force of his Metalline Sulphurs, &c. Vegitables being (in this Case) too weake to Master and Dissolve their tenacious and coagulated Spirits: Those which are derived from the Influences of Heaven, must be removed by Plants, &c. Magically gathered and prepared, or by Sigills, &c. framed or made under sutable Positions and Aspects of the Planets, and impregnated with the rayes of Celestiall Vertues, for without opening the Bodyes, Infusing superiour Influences, and (by an additionall Artifice) fixing them to the said Bodies; their own ordinary vertue (be Elections never so propitious) hath not strength enough to conquer Diseases of that Nature: and severall of these choice Secrets (of Nature and Art united) I my selfe have prepared, made and Experimentally verified. Finally, where Diseases happen by Supernaturall meanes, as by Inchantments, &c. none of the other three are able to remedy the same, save onely Magicall and Supercelestiall meanes, by and through the Vertues of particular Intelligences, Or the Red Medicine wrought up to the highest degree of Perfection. And in such cases the Hermetique Philosopher must appeare, who
[Page 463] Therefore le [...] all men cease to wonder why so many Diseases seeme incurable; when many times being Supernaturall we judge them Naturall, and the true Causes unknowne, no sutable Medicamen is administred.
And whereas I have toucht upon Sigills, I thinke it will not be remote from this discourse, if I give a little satisfaction to my Reader therein; Though p [...]rh [...]ps it may be esteemed as a thing of too daring a Nature for my Pen Nor am I ignorant how some, most learned Men, have extremly suffered under the heavy and sharp Load of unworthy and rash Calumny, for manifesting or desending this Doctrine; but it hath only beene (such is their Glory) by those that could never sufficiently Answer their Arguments.
The framing of Sigills, Lam [...]ls, Talesmes (for all depend upon one Radix) is a piece of Learning as See R Moses, his Ductor dubiorum. Ancient as the Babilonian [...] and Caldean Magi, (who first found out the Secret power of Figures) a chiefe part of their Magick, And practised by the greatest Philosophers in the Easterne World; Where remaine to this day, (as evident Testimonies of their first Invention) very many and ancient Talesmes, the miraculous effects whereof were admired and approved throughout all Aegipt and Persia: although (I confesse) their Name and Use be yet scarce knowne in these parts of the World; Or if, onely to such whose Wisdome thinkes fit to conceale and preserve the knowledg thereof, from the hands of the senslesse and profane.
Among all other Philosophers (famous for this kinde of knowledg) Apoloneus Tyaneus was the Greg Observ. pag. 36. mightiest, and his Workes (in my Opinion) most Stupendious: Who though the Envious and Ungratefull World, has throwne some dirt upon him, to blemish the Innocency of his Operations, yet he never deserved other then well; all He did being for the Mayerus Sym. Aur. Mens. pag. 127. good thereof, and not for hurt; He was no lesse a Pious then Illustrious Philosoph [...]r, Hi [...] whole Life being strict and vertuous, and his Death not blasted with any scandalous Exit. ‘And for a justification of his Praxis, take this Testimony of Justinus, who, saith In quest. ad Orthod: quaest. that he was a Man skillfull in the Dissent and Consent of all naturall Powers; and who wrought wonderfull things by the meanes of this Science; (which were only Naturall and not Miraculous:) For which purpose, he made choyce of such fit Subjects, as might conduce to the perfection of what he intended to Effect: And indeed God did not withstand those Workes of his, in regard they were done by the knowledg of Naturall things, for the use and benefit of Man.’
What I have further to say, shall onely be to shew what Naturall powers, Sigills, &c. Graved or Imprest with proper Characters and Figures, and made under certaine peculiar Constellations may have. Albumazar, Zabel, Haly, Alba [...]egnus, and divers other Arabians, give us severall examples of such as have been cured of the biting of Scrpents, Scorpions, Mad dogs, &c. by Talismaticall Figures: And in other Authors we meete with a world of See Greg. Observ. Gaff. Curos. Stories which tell what Admirable effects they have wrought being rightly prepared, (which should I here mention, would swell beyond the limits of my Discourse) But this peece of Art is of extreme difficulty, and not to be performed by every one that takes it in hand.
As for the use of such Characters, Letters, Words, Figures, &c. Formed or Insculped upon any Matter we make use of, we are led to it by the president of Nature, who Stampes most notable and marvelous Figures upon See Crolius de signat. inter. rerum. Plants, [Page 464] Rootes, Seeds, Fruits, nay even upon rude Stones, Flints, and other inferiour Bodies.
Nor are these remarkable Signatures made and described by Chaunce, (for there is a certaine Providence which leades on all things to their end, and which makes nothing but to some purpose,) but are the Characters and Figures of those Starrs, by whom they are principally governed, and with these particular Stamps, have also peculiar and disterent vertues bestowed upon them. What Artists therefore doe in point of Character, is onely to pursue the Track, that is beaten out by Nature; And by how much the more the Matter whereupon such Impressions are made, is sutable to the Qualities of those Sta [...]rs whose Characters it is signed with: By so much more apt and inclineable it will be to receive those vertues that shall impower it to produce an Effect, in things whereunto it's applyed.
Neverthelesse, this is not all, for this Body must have as it were a Soule insused, and be Impregnated with a Celestiall vitality, or else it remaines Ineffectuall and Dead. In which respect other meanes must be found out before we can obtaine that Effect. And therefore we are to Consider, that the Soule of the World is not confined, nor the Celestiall Influences limited, but doe indifferently emit and communicate their Vertues alike, as well to things Artificially made, as to those that are Naturally generated, though sometimes they are more, at othertimes lesse vigorous and powerfull, according to the disserent Aspects under which they are wrought: In which regard a fit Election must be built up from the foundation of Astrologie, sutable to the Nature of the Operation proposed, which being effected, and the Stars finding a figure aptly disposed for receiving them, they forthwith Impresse their vertue, which they retaining doe afterwards operate in that they finde to be semblable. And this is not strange if we reflect upon the Vulgar experiments of the Loadestone, who communicating its vertue to a peece of Iron (a thing made fit by Nature to attract and reteine) that Piece thereby becomes of strength to communicate this vertue to a third. But if we should consider the Operations of this Magnet throughly (which proceeds onely from a Naturall Principle) there is no other Mystery, Celestiall, Elementall, or Earthly, which can be too hard, for our Beliefe.
Moreover, these Celestiall vertues and peculiar Gifts are not infused into Individuall and particular things, by the Idea, and by meanes of the Soule of the World alone, But also are invited thither, through the Obedientiality of their Matter, and a certaine aptitude and likenesse that these Inferiours beare to their Superiours; which being once taken in, they thereupon contract and reteine (besides such as they receive from their owne Specieo) those naturall Vertues and Roots of the Starrs, wherewith they suscitate and stir up the Influences of the Celestiall Bodies; who are (as it were by compact when United) Obliged to Operate in and for that purpose, which the Artist appoints them. And more especially if the Minde of the Operator be vehemently inclined towards the same. For that through the strength and Efficacy of the Imagination and Passion, (being seriously intent upon any Operation) is joyned with the Minde of the Starrs and Intelligences, and as sodainly fitted with Vertues, as if it were the proper Receptacle of their Influences, and consequently helpes more effectually to infuse their Vertues into our Workes: And the reason is; because there is an appreheusion and power of all things in the Minde: Whereupon all things [Page 465] having a naturall Obedieuce to it, have also of necessity an Efficacy; and more to that which desires them, with a strong and intent Desire.
Notwithstanding, all these Wonders are not wrought but by the Cooperation of second Causes dispositing of the Corporall Matter, God (the first cause of all things) having variously distributed these vertues to every one as he pleaseth, who by his Command and appointment are necessitated to produce their Effects.) which Matter (by reason of its Purity or Inequality may cause the Celestiall vertues to erre in their Actings, (for certainly Influences may be hindred, and prove ineffectuall through the indisposition or insufficiency of the Matter.) And therefore it is no ordinary Speculation to awaken the sleeping Spirit which lyes bound up in the straight Prison of the Body; to invite and allure that propitious Spirit to descend from Heaven, and unite it selfe with that which is Internall; and there withall to convey a Vniculum thereinto, that is of power to hold fast and fix the Celestiall Influencs, from recoyling back into their united Centers.
This is the Series and Order of Nature conjoyn'd with Art: and this, and all this must be effected, before one true Magicall Operation can be performed.
THough I cannot yet satisfie the Reader who was the Authour hereof, and therefore must Register it, (together with Experience and Philosophy, the hermets Cale) amongst the Anonymi: yet I can assure him He gives exceeding good advice to the Student in this Science, where he bids him be Secret in the Carriage on of his Studies and Operations, and not to let any one know of his Undertakings, but his good Angel and Himselfe: and such a close and retyred Brest had Norton's Master, who
Privacy will (questionlesse) prove an unimaginable benefit to him, whereas on the contrary Apertnesse exposeth a true Philosopher to a multitude of Misfortunes. Witnesse Sir Ed. Kelley, whose immoderate Ambition of spreading his Name, lifted him up even to a Madnesse of publique Carriage; which not correcting in Time, he most miserably fell, through the fatall Virtego of imprudent Glory. To such therefore I shall only adde Chaucers Councell which may prove of no litle advantage if they remember it.
THe Figure cut in Brasse and placed in Page 210. is an Hierogliphicall device of Cremer somtime Abbot of Westminster, and Scholler (in this Science) to Raymond Lully, which he caused to be painted upon an Arched Wall [Page 466] in Westminster Abbey, where now the Statues of our Kings and Queenes are set in their respective Habits.
I met with it Limned in a very Ancient Manuscript, before the old Verses that See pag. 211. follow, which there seemed to serve as a Preface to that Worke which beares the Tytle of Hermes Bird. In it is conteyn'd the Grand Misteries of the Philosophers Stone, and not more Popish or Superstitious then Flamell's Hierogliphicks portraid upon an Arch in St. Innocents Church-yard in Paris; Notwithstanding it has pleased some, to wash the Originall over with a Plasterer's whited Brush. As also (of late) to breake in Pieces the Glasse Window behinde the Pulpit in St. Margarets Church at Westminster, wherein was fairely Painted (but unhappily mistaken for a Popish Story) the whole Processe of the Worke, in this manner.
The Window is divided into three Parts: In the Outermost whereof upon the right hand was drawne a Man holding a Boy in his hand, and a Woman with a Girle in hers, all standing in upright, naked postures, upon a greene foliate earth: The Man and Woman had Fetters, wherewith their Feet seemed to be chained to the ground, which Fetters were presented as falling from off their Legs. Over the heads of these persons were the Sun and Moone placed, and painted of a sad darke red Colour.
Within the Left side of the Window was a Beautifull Young man, clad in a Garment of various Colours, bearing a Yellow Crosse upon his Shoulders, his Body Encircled with a Bright Glory, which sent forth Beames of divers Colours, He stood upon an Earth intimating Oculus Piscium.
At the Foote of the Midle Part of the Window was a faire large Red Rose full spread, which issued Rayes upward, and in the Middle an exeeding bright Yellow Glory. Above the Rose was the Figure of a Man rising with Beames of Light spread about his Head (somwhat like the Posture used to expresse Christ's rising from his Sep [...]l [...]hre) He had a Garment of a Reddish Colour, deepned with Red and heightned with Yellow; In his left Hand, a White Stone, which he held towards the Persons arising in that pa [...]t of the Window on the Right Hand; and in his Right Hand he held forth a Red Stone towards Him, whose Garments was of various Colours.
In the uppermost part of this VVindow over the Figures was Transversely written as followeth:
In the first part of the Left Hand, ‘Omnes gentes adepti plaudite quia dominus frater vester.’ In the Middle Part.
In the Third on the Right Hand.
Under these Figures in the Left side of the VVindow were the Stawels and the Martyns Coates of Armes quartered; And at the bottome of the Right side thereof, was this Coate of Arms placed, (viz.) Argent, a Chevorok Elements of Armor. p. 95. Embattelled, Gules, & Vert; which for the rarenesse of Bcaring I thought fit to Blazon; and withall (because upon very diligent search among the Records of English Coats of Armes it is not to be found) in hope it may come to the view of such, who (if not at home) may from abroad produce the Bearer, and consequently bring [Page 467] to light the Person that design'd these Hierogliphicks, and caused them thus to be Painted.
VVHich Piece (as 'tis thought) was written Originally by Raymund Lully (or at least made English by the afore mentioned Cremer) and that upon this Occasion.
Cremer travelling into Itally fell into the acquaintance of Lully, and so exceedingly wrought upon him by his perswasions that he Vide Testament. Cremeri. brought him over into England, where within two yeares (but after thirty yeares erronious Experiments) he obteyned the Secret from him. And afterwards bringing Lully to the sight and knowledge of Edward the third, upon some deepe Ingagements and Promises that the King entred into to prosecute a VVarre against the Turkes in person, to bestow somwhat on the House of God, but nothing in Pride or VVarring against Christians,) he was content permissione Divina Regem sua Arte divitem facere. Which when the King had obtained, he brake his Promise, turned his Designc against France (the first Expedition being Stow. Ann. fo. 234. Anno 1337.) and finding that Lully (after he had seene him violate his faith in destroying Christians in stead of Mahumetans) refused to further his Ambition with new supply of Gold, He clapt him up in the Tower, where he lay a long time, and seeing no possibility of Release, begun to study his Freedom, and to that end made himselfe a L [...]aper, by which meanes he gained more Liberty, and at length an Advantage of escaping into France, where in all probability he pen'd this Piece.
The whole Work is Parabolicall, and Allusive; yet truly Philosophicall: and the Bird (that intitles it) the Mercury of the Philosophers, (whose vertues and properties are therein largely described,) By the word Chorle, is meant the Covetous and Iguorant Artist, the Garden is the Vessell or Glasse, and the Hedge the Furnace.
ONe Reason why I selected out of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, that of the Chanon's Teoman was, to let the VVorld see what notorious Cheating there has beene ever used, under pretence of this true (though Injur'd) Science; Another is, to shew that Chaucer himselfe was a Master therein.
For, in this Tale Chaucer sets forth the deceipts in Alchimy to the life, and notably declaimes against all such villanous Pretenders, who being wholly ignorant of Art, have notwithstanding learnt the Cunning, to abuse the World; And this paines he tooke (as himselfe professeth) meerly
Herein following the President of all sincere and conscientious Philosophers, then whom, the Injur'd world cannot more condemne the abuses of these Impostors [Page 468] that disgrace the Art, in that they are continually advising to shun them as spreading Infection; and setting out Lights and Directions, that may serve as so many Land marks, (if we will but take notice of them) to make us avoyd the Rocks of their Fraud and Deceipt, which will otherwise split us.
The famous Art of Physiek is not more abused, with Quacking Mountebanks; nor that other of Astrology more injur'd by some nibling Sciolists and ignorant Iuglers: then this Divine Science hath suffered by the Legerdemaine of some Pretenders. What though some Moderne Chemists rove beyond the Latitude of their Profession, (being hurried on by a Covetous thirst, to obteyne this Arcanum Dei, this Thesaurus incomparabilis;) and by operating in strange Matters, & torturing of various Bodies, bring Disparagement upon this worthy Science; yet we ought not therefore to confound praise-worthy Arts, with the Abuses which Imposters shuffle into them; or for the falsenesse or corruption of the bad, condemne the pure and good: If so, Religion it selfe (as well as other Learning, and Professions) would scarce be exempt from the like blemishes, and wounds, if not destroyed and buried in scornfull Ignorance.
This is the Misery, (and tis not ultra Caduceum for me to speake it) that there are a Generation of People that rush headlong into the acquaintance of such Men, there's nor staving them off, much like the doting Idiotts which so eagerly courted Chaucer's Chanon, after whom
Let Philosophers say what they can, and wise men give never so good Counsell, no warning will serve, they must be Couzened, nay they have a greedy appetite thereunto; but it has beene ever so, and we are told of old, that
so strong and powerfull a misleader is Covetousnesse.
Ord. pag. 17. Norton describes these Cheats exactly, and give as ful an account of their Subtilties as he dare, for feare of incouraging such as bend their VVitts that way. Chap. of Putrefac. Ripley dissects them to the Bone, and scourgeth them naked to the view of all; the like doth many other Philosophers: Bloomefield gives us a Catalogue of the cheife of this Tribe in his time, and I may safely tell the Reader he shall gaine much benefit by this Worke, if he pick but out what is said concerning them, and study that First.
In some darke Passages tis as greate a Curtesie to be taught to know Blocks, as to be directed which way to avoyd and get beyond them, and being soe thanke Ripley for this his following Cautionary advice.
[Page 469] As also Norton,
I wish I could say this Age, this Nation, the World, were not alured and infected with the Cyrene notes of some grand, and notable Impostors, or that the too too Credulous had not met with the same misfortune which Story tells us others have undergone, even to Ruine. Yet to those that have been Decoy'd into the s [...]are, and would gladly for the future pursue a more hopefull Course, let them heare Richard Carpenter.
And with him Chaucer,
And againe,
Let me tell them they may become happier and expect a Blessing in what they seeke; If with Job they can thus throughly purge themselves and say, If I have made Gold my Hope, or fine Gold my Confidence, &c. that is, if they can study this Science and not pursue it for Transmutation of Metals sake onely,
and certainly the lucre of that will fix a Curse upon their Endeavours, and plunge them headlong into an unfathom'd depth of Misfortune.
If what hath been delivered be not of force to make men watch over their undertakings, and heedfully avoid the Springs and Ginns that are ordinarily laid to intrap them into Ruine; but that on the contrary they carelesly slide into a Venture upon any Tearms, Ile leave them with this incouragement,
[Page 470] Now as Concerning Chaucer (the Author of this Tale) he is ranked amongst the Hermetick Philosophers, and his Master in this Science was Sir Jobn Gower, whose familiar and neere acquaintance began at the Inner Temple upon Chaucer's returne into England; for the Troubles of the Times towards the latter end of Rieh: the second's Raign had caused him to retire out of their Danger into Holland, Zeland, and France.
He is cited by Norton for an Authentique Author, in these words;
Besides he that Reads the latter part of the Chanon's Yeoman's Tale, wil easily perceive him to be a Iudicious Philosopher, and one that fully knew the Mistery.
Master Speght (in that commendable Account he gives of Chaucer's life,) is perswaded he was borne in London, from something intimated in his Testament of love. But Bale saith, He was Bale Cent. 7. fol. 525. Nobili loco natus, and that neere unto Oxford, for (saith he) Leland had Arguments which made him believe he was borne either in Oxford-shire or Bark-shire. But what those Arguments were we now know not, yet may believe them to be of considerable weight, because they were doubtlesse such as he gathered in his 6. yeares laborious search into the Libraries of our English Monasteries and Colleges, being furthered by the liberall Encouragement and Commission of Hen. 8. And had it not been for his indefatigable paines, All that was notable in this Nation See his Newyeares gift to H. 8. had in all likelyhood beene perpetually obscured, or at best, but lightly remembred, as uncertaine shaddowes. Neverthelesse the fruits of this famous Antiquaries labours, are no where now intirely to be seene, unlesse dispersed through the workes of some other men, who have most arrogantly and unworthily made them their owne: amongst the rest I perceive Polid. Virgil stole much Tymber from this worthy Structure, with part whereof he built up his Worke, the rest be enviously burnt, for thus I finde Lelands Ghost Complaining.
[Page 471] But begging Pardon for this Digression, (being on the behalf of so deserving a Schollar) I return to Chaucer. Pitts Positively saies he was born in Woodstock, of noble Parents, and that Patrē babuit Equestris Ordinis Virū, his Father was a Knigbt. And this may not be unlikely if we Consider, that not onely the Name is as Auncient as Roll. of Battell Abby. William the Conqueror's time, but that some of the Family have beene both of large fortunes and good quality. For we finde Record in Tur. Lond. that Edw the 1. heard the Complaint of Iohn Chaucer in the Damage of 1000 l. And also, that there was in the Raigne of H. 3. and Ed. 1. one Elias Chaucer, of whom Record in Scacc: —Edwardus dei gratia, &c. liberate de Thesauro nostro Eliae Cbausecir' decem Solid: With which Speght in vit. Chaucer. Cbaracters our Geffr [...]y Chaucer is written in the Records of Ed. 3. and Rich. tbe second.
But wheresoever he was Borne, his Education was chiefly in the University of Oxford in Canterbury-Colledge, Stow. An. fol. 957. (suppressed by H. 8. and now joyned to Christchurch) though for some time he studied at Cambridge.
He quickly became a Witty Logitian, a sweet Rhetoritian, a pleasant Poet, a grave Philosopber, a holy Divine, a skilful Mathematitian, his Tutors therein were Frere Iohn Son, and Frere N. Lenne, Bale s. 525. (Friers Carmelites of Lynne remembred with honour in his Treatise of the Astrolabe) and moreover (I may safely adde) an able Astrologian, for almost in every Worke he inter-weaves most sound and perfect Astrologie. In Brief, he was Universally learned, and so affirmes his Scholar Tbo. Occlev [...].
Pitts stiles him Pag. 472. Vir Belli Pacis (que) Artibus mi [...]è Florens. A Man that excelled in Arts both of Warre and Peace, and a little after, Nam jam antequam virilem [...]tatem attigisset, erat Poeta Elegans, Et qui Poesim Anglicam ita illustravit, ut Anglicus Homerus merito haberetur: For ere he came to Mans Estate, he was an Elegant Poet, and one, who illustrated English Poesy, that he might have beene deservedly accounted the English Homer. Lidgate the Monke of Bury calls him the Pref to Bochas. Load star of our Language, and tells us that it was he, that
For indeed in his time all good Letters were laid asleep in most parts of the World, and in England our Tongue was exceeding wild and rude, yet (through his refining and polishing) it became more sweet and pleasant, in which regard he is stiled
[Page 472] He spent many of his yeares in Fran [...]e and Flanders: severall Preferments he had at Cours, for he was Pat. Rot. first parte of 50. Ed 3. M. 5. Armiger Regis to Ed. 3. (a place of very good Reputation) In Pelsis Excitus Scace. Val [...]otus Hospitii, viz. Groome of the Pallace, and after in R. 2. time Anno 8. R. 2 Con [...]rouler of the Custome-house London; With these he had severall Annuall pensions during his Life granted from R. 2. and H. 4. His Abilities for Forraigne Imployments were so farre taken notice of, that he was twice or thrice sent abroad into other Countries, and thought fit to be one of the Embassadors into France to move a Marriage betweene Richard the second (while Prince of VVales) and the Lady Mary, Daughter to the French King. His Revenue was 1000l. per annum. a very plentifull Estate, the times considered.
He dyed at London 25. Octob. Ann. 1400. as appeares by the Inscription upon his Tombe at Saint Peters in VVestminster Abby, in an Isle on the South side of the Church.
Mr. Nicholas Brigham built this Marble Monument to his Memory, the true Pourtraicture whereof I have caused to be exactly graved in Brasse, and placed in page 226. There was formerly round the ledge of the Tombe these following Verses, but now no remainder of them left.
The Picture of Chaucer is now somwhat decay'd, but the Graver has recovered it after a Principall left to posterity by his worthy Schollar Tho. Occleve, who hath also these Verses upon it.
Before Mr. Brigham built the aforesaid Monument it seemes Chaucer had a Stone layd over his Grave upon which was ingraved this following Epitaph.
I Am perswaded this VVorke called by the Name of Dastin's Dreame; has beene turned into English Verse by some later Philosopher; for in his dayes we meete with no such refined English, and in Latin we have his Vision with which (in effect) this agrees.
The Time he liv'd in is not certainely knowne; I finde none that mention it; but tis beleeved it was long since. Our Country-man Cent. 10. pag. 49. Bale speaks of him [Page 473] yet throwes at him and this Science some uncomely abuses: Neverthelesse he calls him Alcumisticae artis aetate sua primus & in Anglia Magister unicus; the Prime Alchymist of his Age, and the only Master thereof in England; A Producer and Foret [...]ller of things which (it seemes in his apprehension) he could not attaine to by Nature; He made a diligent search into all things that might possibly be found out in Chemistry, insomuch that he boldly wrote and published severall Experiments.
And though Pag. 871. Pitts renders him a very Poore man, and layes the blame upon his owne Artifice; (being so much addicted to Alchymie,) yet questionlesse (if he were Master of such learning as they confesse him to be, and his Poverty were not voluntary;) he might have advanced himselfe to riches when he pleased. He wrote these following Bookes,
- 1. Super Arte Alcumistica.
- 2. Visiones ad huc alias.
- 3. Secreta Secretorum.
- 4. Speculum Philosophorum.
- 5. Sapientum Aurinum.
Symb. Aur. Mens. pag. 458. Maierus saith he left behind him a considerable Chemicall Tract, which Janus Lacinius hath put in his Collestions. Not unlike but this may be in Lacinius his Pretiosa Margarita novella de Thesauro, ac preciofissimo Philosophorū lapide; hut the Booke I have not yet seene, and therefore cannot tell whether what is there published of Dastin's, be any of the before mentioned Workes.
LUdovicus Combachius in his late Collections of some of Ripley's Workes, put this of Pearce the Black Monk's among them under the Title of Terra Terra Philosophicae; and publishes it as Ripley's: and withall that Tytle [Terra Terrarum] which Pag. 677. Pitts also gives to one of his Workes may seeme to insinuate this; But I conceive all are not Ripley's which walk under his Name, for questionlesse, many Pieces are (of late Tymes) fathered on him which he never wrote; Bale has not this at all among the Catalogue he delivers of what was Ripley's. And I have met with it in so old a Manuscript under the tytle of Pearce the Black Monke, that the Hand (as I Judge) speakes it to be antienter then Ripley's Time.
Some Anclent Copies have it also thus,
VVHo to pitch upon for the Author, I was a long time ignorant of, yet at length I happily met with an old Manuscript (and it was the ancientest Hand-writing I ever saw this Piece written in) to which was affixt the [Page 474] Name of Richard Carpenter; and thereupon I have Intitled it, Carpenter's Worke.
I finde that in Anno 1447. John Carpenter then Bishop of Worcester Issacc. Chron. fo. 467. founded the Colledge at Westbury neere Bristoll, (mentioned Pag. 442. before to be Augmented by William Cannings: Godw. p. 367. ‘by pulling downe the old Colledge, and in the new Building inlarged it very much, compassing it about with a strong Wall, Embattaled; adding a faire Gate, with divers Towers, (more like unto a Castle then a Colledge,) and lastly bestowed much good Land for augmenting the Revenue thereof.’ Besides this he built the Gatehouse at Hartleborough, a Castle neere and Camb. Brit. fo. 574. belonging to the Bishop of VVorcester; and did severall other VVorkes of Piety and Charity.
This Bishop Carpenter is supposed to be Brother, or neere Kinsman to Richard Carpenter our Author, and accounted an Hermetique Philosopher. He was Contemporary with Norton, and Cannings; and for the most part lived neere unto them, at the aforementioned VVestbury; nay he had so great Affection to that Place (not unlike for the Societies sake of Norton and Cannings or for some speciall Blessing he met with there) that Godw. p. 442. he intended to have it honoured with a part of his Style; and to have taken upon him the Name of Bishop of VVorcester and VVestbury, which though he could not effect, yet chose it for his Buriall place where he lyes Inter'd.
In another old parchment Manuscript (and that a very faire one) I met this VVorke, Prefaced with what followes.
IN the Campe of Philosophy, Bloomefield reckons up a Worke that beares the Title of the Greene Lyon, and amongst other Impostors (of his Tyme) calls the Vicar of Maldon, (but in some Co [...]ies Vicar of W [...]lden) the Author; and consequently esteemes the Worke spurious,
But what Piece soever that was I know not: I am confident this, that I here present my Reader with under that Tytle, is a perfect Worke, and truly [Page 475] Philosophicall; besides some Copies owne Abraham Andrews for their Author, and is so confirm'd to me by the Testimony of a credible Philosopher.
THomas Charnock (the Author of the Breviary of Naturall Philosophy) had the happinesse to have Two Masters that made him inheritor of this Secret; The first was he, whom here he Mentions, and it seemes ‘Aenigm. de Alch. Was a Priest in the Close of Salisburie.’ This he further confirmes in his Breviary, thus:
It seemes he had some acquaintance with this Priest, and in that time bene his Studies this way, Insomuch that the Priest falling sick (whilst his VVorke was a going) thought Charnock deserving of it; for He
This VVorke Charnock continued going, till unhappily it perisheth by Fire upon a Newyeares day at Noone; probably it might be An. 1555. for that fell out in the first and second of Phil. and Mar. and in those yeares of their Raigne (which was parte in the yeare 1554. and parte in 1555.) he Chap. ibid. received the Secret from the aforesaid Priest, as himselfe Testifies. At which time he was about 30. or 31. yeares of Age (though he intimates he was about 28. yeares Chap. 5. old when he first met with the Prior of Bath) for Ann. 1574. he was 50. yeares old, as appeares at the end of his See pag. 426 Fragments, which I Coppied from his owne Hand.
THis Monke was Charnocks other Master, into whose Company he Chap. 5. accidentally happened, his Name was William Bird, and by his Function, Prior of Bath, at the Dissolution of that Abbey; Chap. ibid.
This Bird (while Prior) expended much Money by Godw Succ. pag. 308. endeavouring what he might to finish the Abby Church of Bath (the Cambd. Brit. 234. foundation of which sumptuous Building was begun by Oliver King, but he dying left it unperfect:) and had brought it to a perfection, when the Dissolution of the Abbey, had once overthrowne what before was set up.
It seemes this Prior had the Elixir upon the Suppression of the Abby: he hid it in a VVall.
For it was taken away; It made their Hearts light who sound it, but his so heavy, and the losse so discontented and afflicted him, ‘Chap. ibid. That many yeare after he had no setling place.’ and (losing his Eyes soone after his Ecclesiasticall preferments) was quite deprived of attempting to make the Elixir againe. Whereupon he liv'd obscurely, and grew very poore; and not able to give Charnock entertainement, but his owne Purse paid for it, both times he was with him.
TEnet or Tainet is an Isle that lies in the East part of Kent, and the Birthplace of Charnock; however though he might be born there, yet he dwelt about Chap. 5. Salisbury, when he first met with his Master Bird. He cals himself the Unlettered Schollar, and by severall Fragments and Notes that I have seene of his owne VVriting, it does not appeare, that he understood much Latin, or knew how to write true English; yet though he wanted the Shell he obteyned the Kernell, and had the good fortune to meete with that in plaine English, which many (who have the assistance of other Languages) goe without; Thus we see by him, that God hath not excluded all who are Masters of no other then their own Language; from the happinesse of understanding many Abstruse and subtill Secrets; I could instance severall in this Science: and this very Consideration invited that noble Fraternity of the R. C. to publish their Fame and Consession in Five severall Languages, to the end the unlearned might not be deprived and defrauded of the knowledge thereof. Nor was the Processe (which all Students may take notice of) tedious or long in delivering to Charnock. For thus he saith,
He lived in the Ranke of an Ordinary man, else I presume his Quality might have priviledged him from being Prest for a Common Souldier. And from a Memorandum of his owne hand, it may be gathered, that he practised Chirurgery; for thereby it appeares He bargained to have Five Markes for healing the Leg of one Richard Deane, for the payment of which one Iohn Boden and VVilliam Lawly became Suretyes.
IT is S. I. the Priest of Salisbury whom Charnock means in these severall places, and whose Christian Name was Iames: for in another private Memorandum, written by Charnock, I finde thus much;
Memorand' that Sir Robart which did confer with my Tutor Sir Iames, in king Edwards dayes, dwelleth now in the Savoye in London, and hath it a working there, as Harry Hamond told me at Saint Iames Faire.
Anno Domi: 1566.
SOme will have this to beare a double Construction (either that Ripley was Boy or Servant to a Chanon, as being bred up under a Chanon while a Boy; or that it was one who was Ripleys Servant, and brought up with him when young; to whom Ripley (finding him faithfull) might commit the Secret) and so leave it uncertaine whether Ripley or his Scholler was Master to the aforesaid William Bird. But I rather conceive the latter most probable; for, Ripley Bale Cent 8. fo. 623. Pitts. pag. 678. dyed about the yeare 1590. and the time that this Bird communicated this Secret to Charnock, was at least 64. years after. So that questionlesse this Bird was too young to be acquainted With so weighty a Mystery at the time of Ripley's death. However VVilliam Bird had a Master, though Sir Iames the Priest of Salisbury had none; but received it from Gods hands by inspiration: for Charnock sayes he tould him
CHarnock was much hindred in the Course of his Practise by the Malice of this Gentleman, who it seems was some ill Neighbour, that bore him a Grudge, and executed it in as bad a time for the honest Philosopher as possible might be; [even then when he was neere finishing his worke, ‘—Cap. 4. Within a Moneths reckoning.]’ [Page 478] causing him to be prest for a Souldier upon the Designe of relieving of Calis, (which was the Stow. An. 632. beginning of Iannary Anno 1558. and almost six Moneths after he had finished the Breviary of Philosophy,) whereupon in a Discontent he destroyed All.
THe Breviary of Naturall Philosophy was begun to be written within two or three yeares after he was Master of the Secret, and though he seeme to promise some other VVorke, yet I could never learne that he wrote any thing afterwards, save onely His two Aenigmaes, (the which I have Marshald after his Breviary) and the Fragments incerted, Pag. 424. What time he dyed, is uncertaine, but after the yeare 1577. I meete with nothing under his owne Hand, although severall yeares before that, his Pen lay not still; for in divers spare places of his Bookes he inserted sundry Notes, to the which most commonly he affixt a Date; some whereof I have published in this Theatrum.
THe Auther himselfe also calls this VVorke the Camp of Philosophy, and the Practick thereof he styles by the Name of his last VVill and Testament. It was written by VVilliam Bloomefield (some Copies have called him Sir William Bloomefield) a Bachellor of Physick, admitted by H. 8.
I have seene a faite Manuscript of Norton's Ordinall, wherein (at the toppe of the Leafe, that begins every Chapter and some other Eminent places,) is a Scrowle, and in the first fold thereof is written [Myles] in the midle of it, the Number of the Chapter, and in the third fold [Bloomefield] which Myles Bloomfield I take to be the Owner of the Booke (and perhaps some Brother or Kinsman to our William Bloomefield:) Neverthelesse by at Note in that Booke (of an indifferent antient hand) I afterwards found this Myles is called the Anthor of ‘Bloomefields Blossomes.’
I Cannot give my Reader an Accout of Sir Edward Kelley, but I must also men ion that famous Artist, Doctor John Dee; (whose last VVill and Testament followeth Sir Edw. Kelle's Worke) He being sometime his Intimate Friend, and long Companion in Philosophicall Studies, and Chemicall Experiments: Till at length the worthy Doctor (leaving him in Germany) returned for England, and so by Providence, escaped from being his further Companion; in tha [...] straight Confinement which Sir Edw. Kelley suffered, (by command of Radulph the 2. Emperour of Germany) at Pragne.
[Page 479] Touching Sir Edward Kelley, he was borne at VV [...]ster, the Scheme of whose Nativity (Graved from the Originall Calculation of Doctor Dee, and under his H [...]d) I here Exhibite.
Which may be gratefull and acceptable unto such that can read the Language of the Heavens: Insomuch, that therein they shall finde out more concerning him, then Story has left us. For, whereas he by some is called Philosophue Dubius, somewhat a better Opinion might be hence Collected, and that from the Position of Mercury Lord of the Ninth, (the House of Knowledge, Wisdome and Science;) and who is placed upon the Cuspe thereof in Virgo, where he is exceeding Strong, and Fortunate, in Dignities; Essentiall and Accidentall, [viz. in his owne House, and Exaltation, Direct, and Swift of Course, free from Combustion, and in the Tearme, and Face of Venus; to whom he applies by a partile Sextile.] Venus also is Angular, and beholding the Cuspe of the Ninth House, by a Sextile; All which (with Consideration that the Degree Ascending is in the Tearmes of Mercury,) doe truly render him a Man of cleere Understanding, quick Apprehension, an excellent Wit, and of great propensity to Philosophicall Studies. And indeede, by all Reports he was very Ingenious, and a continuall Searcher, in the abstruse and difficult Secrets of Philosophy and Chemistry.
Yet for all this, he could not escape the hard Censures and Scandalls of those that understood not what he did; which the Dragons Tayle in the Ascendant, [Page 480] was at all times ready to further and promote, and from whose Position the Nature of those abusive Aspersions may be (Generally) gathered: and partly from a story which VVever in his Funerall Monuments inserts, where, though he make him an Acter in the worst part of Conjuration, and backs his Relation with some Formall Circumstances; Yet that nothing was done in the Nature he Relates, good and sound Reasons (too tedious to be touched here) induce me to belleve.
As touching Doctor Dee, he chiefly bent his Studies to the Mathematicks; in all parts of which he was an absolute and perfect Master. Witnesse his Mathematicall Preface to Euclids Elements, wherein are enumerated many Arts of him wholly invented (by Nanc, Definition, Propriety, and Use) more then either the Grecian or Romane Mathematitians have left to our knowledge: with divers and many Annotations, and In [...]entions, Mathematicall, added in sundry places of the said Bo [...]ke: Together with severall Pieces of Navigation, Perspective, and other rare Mathematicall works of his in Manuscript.
His Epistle prefixed to Iobn Field's Ephemerides 1557 De usu Globi Coelcstis to Ed. 6. De Nubium solis lunae ac reliquorum Planeta [...]um, &c. Distanti [...]s, &c. to Ed. 6. Astronomicall and Logisticall Canons to Caculate the Ephemerides by; De stella admira [...]da in Cassiopeae▪ Asterismo. An Advise and Discourse about the Reformation of the Vulgar Yeare, speake him a learned Astronomer.
And lastly, that he was a good Astrologian, and a studious Philosopher, his 300. Astrologicall Aphorismes, His 120. Aphorismes De praestantioribus quibusdam n [...]turae virtutibus. Monas Hierogliphicae. Speculum unitatis, (being an Apologie for our famous Frier Bacon) His Cabalae Hebraicae compendiosa Tabula, with many others, afford no small Evidence to the VVorld.
All which and many mo [...]e (in severall other kinds of learning) as History, Herald [...]y, &c. written by him before the year 1583. Some time He bestowed in vulgar Chemistry, and was therein Master of divers Secrets, amongst others he 28. Dec. 1579. revealed to one Roger Cocke, the Great Secret of the Elixir (as he called it) of the Salt of Metalls, the Projection whereof was One upon a Hundred.
His great Ability in Astrologie, and the more secret parts of Learning (to which he had a strong propensity and unwearyed Fancy,) drew from the Envious and Vulgar, many rash, lewd, and lying Seandalls, upon his most honest and justificable Philosophicall Studies; and many times forced him out of the bitternesse of his Soule (which was even Crucified with the malice of Impudent Tongues) most seriously and servently to Apologize. Nor could he enjoy Tranquility in his Studies, but was oftentimes disquieted and vexed with the sower dispositions of such as most Injuriously Scandalized both him and them, Insomuch that the An. 1583. [...]eare he went beyond Sea his Library was seized on, wherein was 4000. Books, and 700. of them Manuscripts (aCaveat for all Ingenious and eminent Philosophers to be more wise then to keep any dear or Excellent Books in their own Houses.) And tis most probable that at this time his before mentioned Speculū unitaris, might fall into those hands, that would never since suffer it to see the Light, which might occasion the Learned Selden to say, this Seld. Pref. to H [...]t. Concor. Apologie was long since promised by him; but intimating it was never VVrit. An. 1592. Nov. 9. Master Secretary VValsingham, and Sir Tho: George were sent to his then dwelling house at Mortclack by vertue of a Commission, to understand [Page 481] the Matter and Causes for which his Studies were Scandalized. And for some other thing in the like Nature, was he necessitated to send his Jan. 6. 1595. Apologeticall letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury.
These kind of Persecutions were stil Multiplyed upon him, and he sometimes Personally agreeved by them: for about the yeare 1594. he was under a kinde of Restraint, which occasioned him to 28. Oct. 1594. write to the Lady Scydmore to move the Queene that either he might declare his Case to the Body of the Councell, or else under the Broade-seale have liberty to goe freely where he pleased.
And thus much concerning these two famous men in severall; now shall I give the Reader an Account of their joynt Actions abroad, as also what relates to Doctor Dee after his returne into England: which I shall doe from an unquestionable Authority, even Doctor Dee's Diary, all written with his owne hand; where I shall take the larger Field to walke in, because I move upon so certaine ground: some of which passages may please (if not concerne) the Reader. For I think it not fit to suffer such Eminent lights longer to lie in Obscurity, without bringing them forth to the view of the VVorld.
'Tis generally reported that Doctor Dee, and Sir Edward Kelly were so stangely fortunate, as to finde a very large quantity of the Elixir in some part of the Ruines of Glastenbury-Abbey, which was so incredibly Rich in vertue (being one upon 272330.) that they lost much in making Projection, by way of Triall; before they found out the true height of the Medicine.
And no sooner were they Masters of this Treasure, then they resolved to Travell into Forraigne Parts, where falling into acquaintance with one Albertue Laskey a Polonian Prince (which came into England the beginning of May, An. 1583.) on the 21. of Sept. following, They, their VVives, Children, and Families, went beyond Sea with the said Prince.
And whether they found it at Glastenbury (as is aforesaid) or howsoever else they came by it, 'tis certain they had it: for at Trebona in Bohemia (whither they were come to Sept. 4. 1586 dwell) Sir Edward Kelley made Dec. 9. 1586 Projection with one small Graine thereof (in proportion no bigger then the least graine of Sand) upon one Ounce and a Quatter of Common Mercury, and it produced almost an Ounce of most pure Gold. This was done to gratifie Master Edward Garland and his Brother Franc [...]s, and in their presence; which Edward was lately come to Trebona, being sent thither to Doctor Dee, from the Emperour of Muscovia, according to some Articles before brought, by one Thomas Symkinson. I also finde this Note of Doctor Dee's, Jan. 5. 1586. Donum Dei 2. ounces. E. K Moreover, for neerer and later Testimony, I have received it from a credible Person, that one Broomfield and Alexander Roberts, told him they had often seen Sir Ed: Kelly make Projection, and in particular upon a piece of Metall cut out of a Warming-pan, and without Sir Edwards touching or handling it, or melting the Metall (onely warming it in the Fire) the Elixir being put thereon, it was Transmuted into pure Silver: The Warming-pan and this piece of it, was sent to Queen Elizabeth by her Embassador who then lay at Prague, that by fitting the Piece into the place whence it was cut out, it might exactly appeare to be once part of that VVarming-pan. The aforesaid Person hath likewise seen in the hands of one Master Frye and Scroope, Rings of Sir Edward Kellyes Gold, the fashion of which was onely Gold wyre, twisted thrice about the Finger: and of these fashioned Rings, he gave away, to the value of 4000l. at the Marriage of one of [Page 482] his Servant Maides. This was highly Generous, but to say truth he was openly Profuse, beyond the modest Limitts of a Sober Philosopher.
During their abode at Trebona, they tried many Chemicall Experiments to see whether they could make that Iewell they possest, (the particular account of their operations I neede not here relate) yet I cannot heare that ever they accomplished any thing; onely I finde the 27. of Aprill noted by Doctor Dee with severall expressions of Ioy and Gladnesse, as—Haec est dies quam fecit Dominus. Againe—Miserecordia Dei magna, and lastly,—Omne quod vivit laudet Dominum. And to testifie what they meant, he writes upon the 30. day following, Master Edward Kelley did open the Great secret to me. God be sharked.
Whiles they lived at Trebona, Sir Edward Kelley went dives times to Prague, and the 15. of Ian. 1587. he went into Poland, but returned the 9 of Febr. after, And 'tis probable these Iourncys were made in quest after some famous Chemists Things were not carried here so privately, but Qeene Elizabeth had notice given her of their Actions, whereupon she used severall meanes by Letters and M [...]ssages to invite them back into England, where it was believed she had so far prevailed that Master Simkinson and Master Francis Garland's Brother Robert, coming from England to 8. Dec. 1587 Trebona supposed they had beene ready to come over to England upon the Queenes Letters formerly sent them. And though Sir Edward Kelley staid behinde, yet Doctor Dee 1 May 1589. left Trebona and and came for England. But whether occasioned by some unkindnesse received from Sir Edward Kelley or falling out of their Wives, or the Solicitation of Queene Elizabeth (or all these concurring) I am not yet certaine, not unlike but each of them might contribute to their Seperation.
For that there was some Greate and Wonderfull unkindnesse past from Sir Edward Kelley, appeares, by his sending for Doctor Dee, the beginning of Ian. 1588. under shew of Reconciliation, and discovering more then an Ordinary Intimacy and Compliancy about that time, which faire shewes the good Doctor notes with this prayer. God leade his heart to all Charity and Brotherly love: As also by Letters sent from Doctor Dee to Sir Edward Kelley and his Wife the end of March following, requiring at their hands Mutuall Charity, which May 9. after upon Mistris Kelleys receiving the Sacrament she gave her hand to Doctor Dee and his VVife in Token of Charity. But it seemes these things were not cordiall but onely outward; for 9. Sept. following, (the Lord Chancellor coming to Trebona) the Rancour & Dissimulation was more evident to him, and it seemes grew up to a greater height then he could beare. And thereupon he thought wisely to avoid the further Danger by leaving Germany which occasioned him to 4. Jan. 1589. deliver to Sir Edward Kelley the Powder, the Bookes, the Glasse, with some other things, and thereupon received his Discharge in writing under his Hand and Seale.
While these Discontents continued, severall Letters past between Queene Elizabeth and Doctor Dee, whereby perhaps he might promise to returne; At length it so fell out, that he 1. Mar. 1589 left Trebona and took his Iourney for England.
The ninth of Aprill he came to Breame and had not stayed there three dayes, but the Landtgrave of Hesse sent Letters of Civill Complements to him, and within three dayes after, Doctor Dee presented him with his Twelve Hungarian [Page 483] Horses, that he bought at Prague for his Journey. 27 June 1589. Here that famous Hermetique Philosopher, [Doctor Henric Kunrath of Hamburgh] came to visit him: The 16. of Nov. he went thence to Stade, where he met with Mr. Edward Dyer going Embassador for Denmarke, who the yeare before had beene at Trebona, and carried back Letters from the Doctor to Queene Elizabeth; He was a great Corespondent of Doctor Dees, and as earnest a Searcher after the Stone.
The 23. of Novemb. following, he arrived at Graves end having beene out of England 6. yeares 2. Moneths and 2. Dayes, and the 9th of Decemb. presented himselfe to the Queene at Richmond, where he was favoured with a kinde Reception.
Being setled againe at Mortclack, the Queene used to call at his House to visit him, and shewed herself very Curteous to him, upon all Occasions Against Christmas 1590. she sent him Two hundred Angels where with to keep his Christmas, and a hundred Makes against Christmas 1592. she li [...]ewise sent him word by Mr. Thomas Candish, to doe what he would in Alchymie and Philosophy, and none should controule or molest him: and not unlike by the Queenes example, divers Personages of Honour at Court, frequented his Company, and sent him many Guists, from time to time. Amongst others Sir Thomas Jones most nobly offered him his Castle of Emlin in Wales, to dwell in, free with all Accomadations.
His Favour was faire at Court, the Queene her selfe bad him finde out something for her to bestow; yet all the preferment he gain'd was the 8. Dec. 1594. Grant of the Chancellorship of St. Pauls, and the 27 of May 1595. his Patent past the great Seale, for the Wardenship of Manchester, whither He, his Wife, Children, and Family came the 14. of Feb. 1596. and the 20. day following was Installed, and in this Wardenship (wherein he had the unhappinesse to be often vext with the Turbulent Fellowes of that Colledge) dyed, deserving the Commendations of all Learned and Ingenious Schollert, and to be remembred for his remarkable Abilities▪
After Doctor Dee came into England (as is before remembred) Correspondency was still maintained betweene him and Sir Edward Kelley, in Letters sent by Mr. Francis Garland and others: (and some expectancy of Sir Edwards comming over: 23. Dec. 1589. Mr. Thomas Kelley (his Broher) putting the Doctor in hopes thereof likewise) but at length Sir Edward was clapt up close Prisoner by the Emperour (for he had so unwarily and openly managed the Secret, that it had given the Emperour occasion to carry a strict Eye over all his Actions, out of a desire to be sharer, with him in his good fortune) yet it seemes the Emperour set him at 4 Oct. 1593 Liberty, and Doctor Dee had notice of it the 5. of Decemb after. And though he began to grow into the Emperours favour, in hopes to be entertained into his Service (for so he certified Doctor Dee by Letters in August 1595.) Neverthelesse he was clapt up againe into Prison, and attempting to make his Escape out of a high Window, by the teering of his Sheetes, which were tyed together to let him downe, he (being a weighty Man) fell and broke his Legg, and thereof dyed: (The Ascendent then coming by Direction to the place of the See the Scheme of the Nativity. Moone with Latitude, she being Lady of the 8th. house in the Radix and posited in Aquarius.) And this is one report of his Death; others there are, but Doctor Dee mencions none at all of the manner [Page 484] thereof; onely this, Anno 1595. Novemb. 25. Newes that Sir E. K. was staine.
THis Dialogue is there placed among the Anonymi, in regard I then knew not the Author, but afterwards I met with the intire Placed in pag. 338. Worke, and found it to be that of Ripley's, which is called the Mistery of Alchymists, and that this Fragment was but drawne out of it, only drest up with another Tytle; which if the Reader compare he shall readily finde.
For the want of Snese in some parts thereof, as also in other Elder Pieces; I hope the Dimnes of the Taper will be excused where there was no cleerer light to be found. For though (like the Sun) they may seeme to have some Spots, yet the candid Peruser must confesse they are not without their pecullar Glories. The truth is, some Passages through them were so obscure and dark, and the Paths I followed so rugged and uneven, that I could neither stay in them without manifest disparagement, or goe out of them without some Danger: and from my discoveries fraught thence, I am well assured I might have more contented the Reader, could I have satisfied my Self better. However, I durst not adventure to Rectifie what I found amisse; but thought it better to leave it to the Iudgement of each that takes the paines to study them, then obtrude my owne sense, lest what I judge an Emendation, others may sensure as a Grosse fault: and withall ever remembring the strict Charge the generality of Philosophers have continually given to succession, not to meddle or alter any of their Workes; I, (even in what I feare are manifest Imperfections) dare not but most inviolably observe them, and amongst them all this Credible and Trusty Philosopher is not unworthy of our taking notice of, who thus requires the same.
THis Piece is the Worke of Sir John Gower, and Collected out of his Booke Lib. 4. fo. 76. De Confessione Amantis. He is placed in the Register of our Hermetique Philosophers: and one that adopted into the Inheritance of this Mistery, our famous English Poet, Geoffry Chaucer. In this litle Fragment it appeares he fully understood the Secret, for he gives your a faithfull account of the Properties of the Minerall, Vegitable, and Animall Stones, and affirmes the Art to be true.
And againe,
He was an eminent Poes, and hath Lib. 5. written the story of the Golden Fleece, like an Hermetique Philosopher: which Philosophicall veine is to be traced through severall other parts of his Works. The first acquaintance betweene Him and Chaucer began at the Inner Temple, where Sir John Gower studied the Lawes, and whither Chaucer came to follow the like course of studies upon his returne out of France. He was (saith Pitts) a pag. 573. noble and learned Man, Galfrido fere per omnia fimilem, quique eundem prorsu [...] habuit omnium studiorum suorum propofitum finem, resembling Geoffry almost in every thing, and who had surely the same proposed end of all their Studies; they soone perceived the similitude of their manners, quickly joyned in Friendship and Labours; they had dayly meetings and familiarity, and all their endeavour was to refine and polish their Mother Tongue, that there might appeare the expresse footesteps o [...] the Roman Eloquence in our English Speech.
This appeares by Chaucer's sending to Gower his Troylus and Cressida after he had finished it, for his perusall and amendments.
And surely these two added so much of splendour and ornament to our English Ideome, as never any the like before them: for they set foote to foote, and lovingly contended, whether should bring most honour to his Country both endeavouring to overcome, and to be overcome each of other, they being not only the Remembrancers but Imitators of him,
Surv. fo. 450. Stow Margens it, that he was no Knight; yet we have it Cent. 7. 524. from Bale that he was Vir Equestris Ordinis, of the Order of Knighthood, and Leland sayes that Abillustri stemmate originem duxit, that he had his Originall from an Illustrious Pedigre.
He Stow. Ann. p. 326. built a great part of St. Mary Overies Church in Southwa [...]ke; and when death had snatcht out of his bosome his deare Companion Geoffry Chaucer, he then prepared a resting place for his owne Body in the Chapell of Saint Iohn in the said Church where he founded a Chauntry. He was very old and blind when he dyed and lived but two yeares after Chaucer. He had a stately Monument erected, wherein was his whole Portraicture cut in Stone in the Wall on the [Page 486] North side of the said Chapell. The Haire of his Head Aburne long to his Shoulders, but curling up, and a small forked Beard; on his Head a Chaplet, like a Coronet of foure Roses, a habit of Purple, (Mr. Speght sayes Greenish) Damaske downe to his feete, a Coller of Esses of Gold about his Neck, the Ornaments of Knighthood, under his head the likenesse of three Bookes which (amog severall others) he compiled, the first Speculum Meditantis, written in French, the second Vox Clamantis written in Latin, the third Confessio Amantis, pen'd in English, which last was printed the 12. of March An. 1554. His Armes were these, Argent, a Chevoran Azure, three Leopards heads thereon Or, their Tongues Gules, two Angels Supporters, and on the Crest a Yalhot.
His Epitaph
—Deus nobis haec Otia fecit.
A TABLE OF The severall Treatises, with their Authors Names, contained in this WORKE.
ORdinall of Alchemie. Thomas Norton. | pag. 1. |
Compound of Alchemie. George Ripley. | p. 107. |
Pater Sapientiae. Anonymus. | pag. 194. |
Hermes's Bird. Anonymus. | pag. 211. |
Chanon's Yeoman's Tale. Geoffry Chaucer. | pag. 227. |
Dastin's Dreame. Iohn Dastin. | pag. 257. |
Pearce (the Black Monke) upon the Elixir. | pag. 269. |
Richard Carpenter's Worke. | pag. 275. |
Hunting of the Greene Lyon. Abraham Andrewes. | p. 278 |
Breviary of Naturall Philosophy. Tho. Charnock. | p. 291 |
Aenigmaes. Thomas Charnock. | pag. 303. |
Bloomefields Blossomes. William Bloomefield. | pa. 305. |
Sir Edward Kelley's Worke. | pag. 324. |
Sir Edward Kelley to G. S. Gent. | pag. 332. |
Doctor John Dee's Testament. | pag. 334. |
Thomas Robinson of the Philosophers Stone. | pag. 335. |
Experience and Philosophy. Anonymus. | pag. 336. |
The Magistery. W. B. | pag. 342. |
Anonymi, or severall Workes of unknowne Authors. | pag. 334. & 404. |
John Gower upon the Philosophers Stone. | pag. 368. |
George Ripleys Vision. | pag. 374. |
Verses belonging to Ripley's Scrowle. | pag. 375. |
Mystery of Alchemists. | pag. 380. |
Preface to the Medulla. Geo. Ripley. | pag. 389. |
A short Worke. George Ripley. | pag. 393. |
Secreta Secretorum. Iohn Lydgate. | pag. 397. |
Hermit's Tale. Anonymus. | pag. 415. |
Discription of the Stone. Anonymus. | pag. 420. |
The Standing of the Glasse. &c. Anonymus. | pag. 421. |
Aenigma Philosophicum. W. Redman. | pag. 423. |
Fragments. | pag. 424. |
A Table explaining the Obscure, Obselete, and mis-spell'd words used throughout this VVORKE.
- A
- A Bowen above.
- Abrayde, arose, recovered, upstatt.
- Agone, gone, fled.
- Alconom [...]e, Alchemie, Chemistrie.
- Algates, Notwithstanding, ever, forsooth, even now, altogether.
- Alleviate, Elevate, lift up.
- Alle, all.
- Als, also, as well.
- Ana, of each, a like quantity.
- Anoder, another.
- Annuellere, secular.
- Appale, decay.
- Appearage, appearing.
- Appetible, desireable.
- Askaunce, as though, as if, aside.
- Askys, ashes.
- Auctors, Authors.
- B
- Baines, Bathes.
- Bale, sorrow.
- Balne, Balnea Maria.
- Behite, or Behoote, promise.
- Beliue, anon.
- Ben, vyn, be.
- Beyet, begotten.
- Blent, blind, turned back.
- Blive, quickly, gladly.
- Bloe, blew.
- Blynne; cease.
- Boote, helpe.
- B [...]wne, ready▪
- Brast, breake.
- Brede, bredth.
- Breve, brevely, briefe, short.
- Brenuing, burning.
- Broder, brother.
- Brwzt, brought.
- Burbelcy, bubling.
- Burgeon, bud.
- Byforne, before.
- Byth, by.
- Bythe, be.
- C
- Certes, undoubtedly.
- Cheese, chuse.
- Cheepys, sheepes.
- Cheve, thrive.
- Chorle, slave, clowne.
- Chrystis Christ his.
- Chyte, chiteth.
- Clatter, brable.
- Clapp, prate.
- Clot [...]ca [...]e, Bardana, or greate Burdock leafe.
- Clypses, [...]clipses.
- Coart, inforce.
- Convenable, Convenient.
- Coude, could
- Couthe pe [...]f [...]ctly know.
- Cowlys, Monkes hoods.
- Crop, topp
- Croslets, Crucibles.
- D
- D [...]bonair, Humane, civil, meeke, [Page] humble, gentle.
- Delen, deale.
- Demyd, demeth, Judged.
- Deuigrate, make black.
- Depured, clensed.
- Derke, darke.
- Discever, spend.
- Dight, made ready, handled, used.
- Dole, grieve, sorrow.
- Done, doth.
- Donc [...]e, douce, sweet.
- Draff. filth.
- E
- Emprisse, interp [...]ise, fashion, order.
- Engluting, stopping.
- Engine, witt, device.
- Er, untill.
- Erve, Hearbe.
- Erst, earnest.
- Essell, Viniger.
- Every eche, every one.
- Eyre, wrath.
- F
- Fader, Father.
- Fagg and faine, glose and flatter.
- Fals false.
- Fallacie, Deceipt.
- Fanels, fanes.
- Fastiely, firmly.
- Faute, want, lack.
- Fay, truth.
- Fayne, glad.
- Febis, Phaebus.
- Fecis, dreggs.
- Federis, fethers.
- Fet, fetched.
- Fende, Devil.
- Ferle, strange.
- Feynein, faineth.
- Flewme, phlegme.
- Foemen, Enimies.
- Foltish, fullich, sully.
- Falys, fooles.
- Foyson, plenty.
- Frape, Company, a rable.
- Fright, fruite.
- Frist, first.
- Frore, frozen.
- Fructuous, fruitfull.
- Fychyes, Fishes.
- G
- Gafe, gave.
- Gayer, Gaudier, Braver.
- Geason, strange, rare.
- Goude, good.
- Gownds, gownes.
- Gl [...]ire, whi [...]e.
- Goodle [...]ch, kinde, respective.
- Grwyth, groweth.
- Guerdon, reward.
- Gyfe, manner.
- Gynns, snares.
- H
- Halse, Neck.
- Hallow, hoslow.
- Haunt, use.
- Hause, imbrace.
- Haubergeon, a Coate of Male.
- Height, called.
- Hem, them.
- Hende, gentle.
- Henting, catching.
- Herdy deed, stout act
- Hernes, vallies, corners.
- Hert, Hart.
- Hestys, wills, promises, commandements.
- Heyle, health.
- H [...]yne, labourer, drudge.
- Hing, hang together.
- Hole, whole.
- Hos, who so.
- Hyr, their.
- Hyt, it.
- I.
- Iape, Jest, yet by abuse drawne into a more wanton sense.
- I cleped, called.
- Ich, I.
- I deale, meddle.
- [Page] Iette, device.
- Ilke, same.
- I lyche, alike.
- Ingine, wit, devise.
- I now, enough.
- I not, I know not.
- Intreate, handle.
- Interdite, prohibited.
- Iren, Iron.
- I take, taken.
- I wys, verily.
- Iyfe, if.
- K.
- Keele, coole.
- Keepe, care.
- Ken, know.
- Kid, made knowne.
- Kidles, Kindles, i. e. faetus, young ones.
- Kythe, made known, shew acquaint.
- L.
- Latt, let, hinder.
- Lande, praise.
- Laver, rather.
- Laurer, lawrell.
- Lay. law, song.
- Cease your Lay, hold your Tongue.
- Laysir, leasure.
- Leare, learne.
- Leasings, lyes.
- Leese, loose.
- Leah, Chirurgeon.
- Lefe, left.
- Leife, deare.
- Leman, Concubine.
- Le [...]te, gentle.
- Lettrure, a Booke of learning.
- Lewde, ignorant.
- Lewys, leaves.
- Lexer, Elixir.
- Lyken, affect.
- Lite, little.
- Lix, soft, plyable.
- Longyth, belongeth.
- Lossells, Crafty fellowes.
- Losen, lesyth, loseth.
- Lore, lost.
- Lore, Doctrine, learning, knowledge.
- Lo [...]f, love,
- Loute, kneele, honour.
- Lyche, like.
- Lygg, lye.
- Lysten, liketh, pleaseth.
- Lyvelode, livelyhood.
- M.
- Maden, made.
- Malison, curse.
- Maugre, despite.
- Maver, a broad drinkng-bowle.
- Mede, mete, reward, help.
- Medled, mingle.
- Meger, leane.
- Mele, meddle.
- Menge, mingle.
- Merds, Turds.
- Mere, merry.
- Meveth, moveth.
- Micle, much.
- Mo, more.
- Moder, Mother.
- Mostock, Earth, Dung.
- Mote, must goe.
- Mought, mowt [...], might.
- N
- Nas, was not.
- Nathlesse, neverthelesse.
- Ne, not.
- Nere, were not.
- Nemene, name,
- Neshe, Tender.
- Wilde Nepe, Catmine.
- Nis, is not.
- Nones, condition, purpose.
- Noald, nolde, could not.
- Nowbelson, Rose noble.
- Nowther, neither.
- Nye, is not
- Nythe, neere.
- [Page] O
- Oder, edther, other.
- Oft sytkes, oughtest.
- O [...]y [...]yn [...], Onix.
- Or ate, decked.
- Ou [...]wyn, depart, seperate.
- Owthtyo, oughtest.
- P
- Panter, pitfall.
- Parde, truly.
- Parfite, perfect.
- Paukners, purses.
- Plesaunce, delight.
- Plyte, condition.
- Plyght, turned, catched.
- Pomel [...]gryse, daple-grey.
- Porpheries, Marble mingled with red.
- Poyetes, Poets.
- Prease, subjection.
- Prefe, preve, proofe.
- Preked, ridden fast.
- Prebitie, secret.
- Prolle, to prole after a thing.
- Prowe, profit, honour.
- Pyght, cast, setled, propped.
- Q
- Queinte, strange.
- Quell, dash, destroy.
- Quyte, requite.
- R
- Rach, a litle cur Dog.
- Rad, reade.
- Ragounce, a kinde of precious stone.
- Rath, quickly.
- Recorden, recordeth.
- Recure, recover.
- Rebe, meaning.
- Rede, help, advice, speeche, arte.
- By Rewe, in order.
- Ribaudry, baudry.
- Ryghtfull, Just.
- Rowe, ugly, blodily.
- Rowne, whisper.
- Rufe, red
- Rumbled, made a noyse.
- Ruth, lamentation.
- Ryfe, frequent.
- Ryve, rende.
- S
- Salew, honour.
- Samples, sorts.
- Sans peere, without Fellow.
- Sauter, Psalter.
- Scolys, schooles.
- Schalt. shalt.
- Sche, she.
- Schould, should.
- Schrevy, shreve.
- Scuche, such.
- Seech, seeken, seeke.
- Secree, secret.
- Seild, seldome.
- Sembleabyl, like.
- Sewend, followes.
- Shene, schine, shining.
- Shent, harmed, infected.
- Shrewes, Infortunes.
- Shrap, scrape.
- Sith, by and by.
- Slotlyche, slovenly.
- Slyped, burnished.
- Somedele, somewhat, something.
- Soote, sweete.
- Soothfastly, insooth, truly, truth.
- Seurs, spring.
- Spray, sprig, bough.
- Spurred, enquire.
- Squanes, stales.
- Stabull, stable.
- Stante, stand.
- Steven, Stefen sound, also time.
- Stillatorie, Alembick.
- Stounde, time, moment, dumpe:
- Strande, a banke.
- Sty [...]t, cease, slacke.
- Substray, substract.
- Succended, inflamed.
- Suffren, suffer.
- Suster, sister.
- Swezte, sweete.
- Swm, some.
- [Page] Swych, such.
- Swynke, labour.
- Swythe, swiftly.
- Syker ynow, sure enough.
- Sykerley, assuredly, stedy.
- Syken, certain.
- T
- Tallages, payments, customes, taxes.
- Taunte, a reprochfull Checke.
- Temps, times.
- Tente, heede.
- Teyne, an Ingot of Mettal.
- Test, a device to try Gold with.
- Tho, although some.
- Threpe, affirme.
- Titled, intitled.
- Toder, the other.
- Tofore, heretofore.
- Togedur, together.
- Trenete, Trinity.
- Tristy, sad.
- Trome, trust.
- Trowys, suppose.
- Trusten, confidence.
- Twayne, two.
- A Twin, in two seperated, parted.
- Twenes, Tunes.
- Twifolde, double.
- Tyte, handsome.
- V
- Vade, fade.
- Vere, spring.
- Vnbount, delivered.
- Vncoud, uncouth, strange.
- Vnderfongeth, taketh in hand.
- Vnnethe, scarce.
- Vnwist, unwitting, unknowne.
- Vybelyche, earnestly heartily.
- W
- Walken, walke.
- Warke, worke.
- Wastle bread, libellus fine Cimnell.
- Wax, W [...]x increase.
- Weerish, waterish.
- Weene, thought, doubt.
- Weening, thinking.
- Wellid, riseth, springeth.
- Wende, goe.
- Wit, understanding.
- Werne, were.
- Whilome, ere while, sometimes.
- Wile, deceipt.
- Wist, knowne.
- Woll, will.
- Wome, wombe.
- Wonne, dwell, plenty.
- Woode, mad.
- Woorche, woorchen, worke.
- Woling, thinking, judging.
- Woss, was.
- Woulden, would.
- Wreach, wreake, revenge, wrath.
- Wrenches, trapps.
- Wrighten, written.
- Wych, which.
- Y
- Ybore, borne.
- Ydo, stayed.
- Yef, Yeave, gyf, give.
- Yefet, fetched.
- Yern, Iron.
- Yllumine, enlighten.
- Ynowe, sufficient.
- Ynde, Indie.
- Yode, yede, went.
- Yre, erewhile.
- Ythe, thrive.
- Yvel, apaid.
It will concerne the Studious Reader to Correct the faults escaped in this Worke, The most materiall whereof follow.
PAg. 2. l. 19. r. nolunt Pag. 21. l. 4. r. like a l. 5. r. did l. 25. r was a pag. 22. l. 19. r. scan pag. 30. l. 22. r. parte pag. 32. l. 7 r. the Motion pag. 37 l. 12. Tr [...]y r. trie pag. 45. l. 17. r. his pag. 46. l. 17. dele [I] l. 33. r. ultimum pag. 56. l. 7. r. made pag. 63. l. 19. r. know pag. 66. l. 14. r. is pag. 74. l. 4. r unctuous pag. 77. l. 13. VVhcu r. Till p. 103. l. 1. dele [call] p. 140. l. 16. r. moving p. 146. l. 3. r. certainely l. 13. r. with p. 150 l. 1. r. principle l. 6. r. noe. p. 151. l. 14. r. and our red p. 168. l. 1. 8. & 17. r. Imbibitions p. 170. l. 16. r. leaves p. 200. l. 15. r. Philosophy p. 201. l. 2. r. Coyne p. 213. l. 10. r. Iudicum p. 215. l. 14. r. amcrous p. 220. l. 8. 30. r. Ragounce. pag. 223. l. 29. r. Tawte ythe pag. 224. l. 12. r. Three p. 226. l. 1. r. recomaund p. 227. l. 16. r. unneth might p. 228. l. 12. r. VVere l. 24. r. friend p. 229. l. 2. r. couthe p. 230. l. 10. r. uil p 234. l. 18. r. papere l. 28. r. crude pag. 235. l. 1. r. Asccntion l. 2. r. fixe p. 240 l. 17. r. rave p. 240. after l. 31. r. Though i [...] as great were as Ninive p. 241. l. 7. r. commune l. 9. r. feinde l. 10. r. begiled p. 242. l. 16. r. lene l. 18. r. leneth p. 243. l. 2. r. fallen l. 24. r. couthe p. 245. l. 5. r. three l. 15. r. Christ p. 267. l. 14. r. After l. 15. r. To p. 308. l. 3. r. wardes p. 309 l. 1. r. There p. 312. l. 34. r. an p. 317. l. 16. r. others p. 343. l. 17. r. exigu [...] p. 360. l. 33. r. If men p. 367. l. 16. r. Eier p. 383. l. 24. r. lyfe p. 416. l. 2. r. not l. 3. r. Palace l. 5. r. went p. 418. 26. r. solutive p. 423. l. 20. r. Redman p. 432. l. 25. r. mineralib [...] p. 448. l. 29. r. grat [...]s p. 449. l. 17. r. knew p. 455. l. 5. r. omitting p. 458. l. 2. r in his p. 459. l. r 8. r. rythmicum p. 467. l. 39. r. defected. p. 465. l. 13 r. Vinculum. p. 478. l. 7. r. after Charnock l. 25. at r. a. p. 480. l. 44. [...]itatis