A MIRROVR TO CONFESSE WELL, For the vse of such as doe frequent this Sacrament.
HAving made the signe of the CROSSE, thou shalt say the Confiteor, if thou canst, and afterwards thou shalt saie:
Father, I was confessed in such a time, and did my Penance inioyned me: and now accuse my selfe, that I [...] [Page 4] not come to Confession with that preparation and sorrowe for my sinnes as I ought.
I haue not loued, nor thanked God for his benefites, as I was bound.
I haue made my prayers, and heard Masse, with a distracted minde.
I haue receaued my Sauiour with smale deuotion: of al which I doe confesse my fault.
I haue bene disobedient, and made those that were at home with me to contende, and haue contended also my selfe. It is a Veniall Sinne.
I haue had manie idle and vaine thoughts, they are V. S.
I haue had euill thoughts, but against my will, and haue cast them off, as much as lay in me: yet I do accuse my selfe of negligence in this behalfe.
I haue had euill thoughts, and willingly haue delighted my selfe in them, and would haue put them in execution, if I had could. Here thou must explicate, what thoughts they were, and the number of them also, because they be Mortal sinnes.
I haue willingly thought [...] [Page 6] of others, and iudged rashlie of them in grieuous matters, and that without any lawfull cause. It is a M.S. but in things of no moment, or of verie smale, it but a V. S.
I haue suspected euill of others, without any certaine opinion, it is a V. S.
I haue doubted in matters of fayth. If vnwillingly, it is a V. S. If with deliberation, it is a M. S.
I haue giuen credite to dreames, enchantments, and other superstitions, but not stedfastly. If stedfastly, thou [Page 7] must tell what, and how it was: as also if thou hast made, or caused to be made, any enchantments, or witchcraft: & if thou hast borne about thee any superstitious writings, of what sorte they were.
I haue thought, that in some thinges God doth not well, but this agaynst my will. It is a V. S. if willinglie, it is a M. S.
I haue in my heart, desired euill to some persons, but not with intention that any euill should happen vnto them. It is a V. S. but if it w [...]re with a [Page 8] full purpose, and in weightie matters, or of importance, as to wish their death, & the like: it is a M. S.
Then hath a man a ful purpose, when he doth marke the euill, and yet doth wish it to any one.
I haue bene sorrowfull at other mens good, & taken joye in their euils that were of importance, and this with a setled mind. It is a M. S. but if it were without deliberation, it is a V. S as also in light matters.
I haue taken pleasure in my Mortall sinnes of time paste, and haue bene sory that I had not committed more and this with a stedfast minde, It is a M.S. as also to desire that one sinne mortally, or forsake not mortall sinne.
To prayse one for committing a mortall sinne, or to exhorte him to doe it, is a M. Sinne.
I haue made a vowe, & haue not kept the same able. It is a M. S. Thou must tell what vowe it was, because not [Page 10] to keepe a vowe in a smal matter, as of a Pater noster, is no M. S.
I haue lyed, without swearing, or hurte of my Neighbour, it is a V. S. with an oath it is alwaies M. S. although it were in sport. So likewise whē thou doest sweare that which is doubtfull for true, & when thou hast no minde to performe that which thou doost promise with an oath: & when thou doost sweare to doe any thing that is a mortall sinne, if indeed thou haue a minde to fulfill it, there be two mortall [Page 11] sinnes.
It is a M. S. not to fullfill an oath made of a good thing, if thou be able to keepe the same.
Likewise it is a M. S. to make any other sweare falsely.
Also if thou doest thinke that thou doest sweare falsly.
To sweare that thou wilt do any thing, which thou doost either know or suppose, that thou canst not do, is a M. S.
To sweare in vaine, that is without necessity, is a V. S. if yet that which thou doest [Page 12] sweare be true.
To say by my fayth, in trueth, or truly, not meaning thereby the fayth or trueth of God, is no oath.
To say, God helpe me, by this heauen, fire, or other thinges, adding God thereunto, as also to say by my life, by my soule, and the like, is an oath.
To sweare, to accuse an other, with intention so to doe, if afterwardes thou do it not, because thou doest thinke it not to be done, is not periury nor sinne; so the mother that [Page 13] doth sweare to beat her childe though she doe not beat him, doth not sinne.
To sweare not to do a thing which in it selfe is no sinne, nor occasion of sinne, but is indifferent; as for example, not to weare any more such hosen, not to play at Tenesse, not to go with such a one, or in such a house or street, if thou do the contrary it is no M. S. vnlesse there were any cause of M. S. which cause being remoued, thou mayst go.
I haue cursed aswell others, as my self through choler, but [Page 14] without intention that any e-euill should befall them. It is a V. S. but with a purposed minde it is a M. S. The like is to be vnderstood of cursing the soules of those that be dead.
I haue called vpon the diuell to helpe me, to carie me awaie, or to doe any harme or good, to my selfe or others, without desire it should be so indeed, a V. S. with a ful purpose, it is a M. S. As also to doe him any reuerence, or giue him thy soule, is a M. S.
Thou shalt tell whither [Page 15] thou hast blaphemed, or cursed God, Christ, or the Saints, and whether thou hast spoken any injurious wordes against them, for it is a M. S. And thou must vtter what sort of blasphemies, and injuries they were.
I haue of purpose giuen occasion to others, to curse, or, blaspheame God, his Saints, or other, men, and haue done and spoken things without any necessitie, knowing that by this they would blaspheame. It is a M. S. The like is to be said of scandall, touching that [Page 16] that doth concerne a matter of Mortall sinne, if it be giuen of purpose.
To curse the day, the tyme, water, winde, &c. without intentiō to curse God who hath made thē, is a V.s. So to curse Christmas day Easter day, &c without mind to curse the misteries cōteined in those daies, or by thē represented is a V S.
I haue spoken injurious & villanous wordes of importance, against some person, diffaminge them by this meanes, as calling an honest woman a queane, an honest [Page 17] mans sonne, a bastard, &c. it is a. M S. but if it be a light matter, it is a V. s. and of grieuous injuries, he is bound to aske forgiuenesse, & make restitution.
I haue spoken euill of others, and slaundred them in matters of great waight, by saying they haue committed some filthie actes, they haue stollen, &c. it is a M.S. but in light matters, it is only a V. S.
To vtter true things, but yet vnknowen, with minde to diffame any one grieuouslie, or so that infamie doe [Page 18] follow thereof. is a M. S.
To speake that which is notoriously knowen, as to saie such a woman is a harlot, shee being so indeede, is no sinne: and the like is to be vnderstood of other publike sinnes, and sinners.
I haue willingly giuen eare to such as speake ill of others, for some great hatred or enuie. It is a M. S.
For one to vaunt him selfe to haue committed a M. s. which he hath not committed, if it be with notable harm of himselfe or others, or with [Page 19] other mens infamie, or with some euill intention, or to take pleasure as if he had done such things, is a M. S. But without these conditions, it is a V. s forsomuch as he is prodigal of his owne fame, whereof himselfe is the owner.
I haue not heard Masse vpon Sundaies, and Holie daies, or haue lost a great part thereof, without any lawfull cause, it is a M. S. So also to haue a minde not to heare Masse on such daies. Likewise to be occasion that others do not heare it at such times, [Page 20] without any lawfull reason.
Moreouer to talke the greatest tyme of masse on those daies, or to thinke purposely on other affaires at that time, is a M. S.
If one doe not fast being of sufficient yeares, it is a M. S.
To worke vpon Holie daies for much space of time, it is a M. S.
I haue borne hatred to my parents & superiours, & wished thē some great hurt, with a deliberate minde, it is a M. S.
I haue not obeyed my Parents and superiours, in that [Page 21] which appertaineth to the gouernement of their family & goods, if it be aduisedly and with contempt, it is a M. S. otherwise it is Veniall, in smal matters, but it is a M. S. in matters of importance.
I haue disobeyed my superiours and Rulers in such things as belong to good maners, and to the saluation of my soule, as to flie scandalls; plaies that be forbidden, and the like it is a M. S. so likewise if one doe thinke it to be a shame that he is borne of such Parents, or to be taken for [Page 22] their child, if it comes of contempt, but if it be to auoyde greater incommodity, it is not a mortall sinne.
I haue bene at variance, I haue stroken others, fought with them, and throwen at them, &c. with intention to doe thē notable harme, it is a M. S. but without such intention, and in light things, it is a V. S.
I haue borne hatred to others, wishing them some great dommage, it is a M. s. but in light matters, and without intention of euill, it is a [Page 23] Veniall sinne,
To reueale a secreat with notable hurt, or with minde to domage thy neighbour, is a M. S. As also if thou diddest sweare not to reueale it.
To commit any carnall and filthie acte with thine owne selfe, it is a Mortall sinne. And if at the same time, thou hadst thy minde set vpon any man or woman &c. If thou doe not vtter this circumstance in Confession, the Confession is of no valewe.
Thou must also Confesse, if [Page 24] thou hast sinned with any others, and with what sort of persons. Likewise of touching others, of kissing, of promise, of vncleane wordes to any euill ende: all be M. S. As also all desires to sinne, when there is a full purpose.
I haue had carnall motions, and haue taken pleasure, and bene glad of them, & this willinglie. They are alwaies M. s. but not if they be against our will, and doe displease vs, and that we seeke to be ridde of them, as speedilie as wee may: but if we were a [Page] little negligent, they are V: s. and it is expedient alwaies to Confesse them.
I haue desired to be beloued of men or woemen, to an ill ende. I haue cast my sight, here and there, and wandered vp and downe, to accomplish my ill desire, and would haue fulfilled the same, if I had could. I haue decked and trimmed my selfe for this purpose. I haue read & song, lasciuious & wanton things, tending to the same ende. These thinges are alwaies Mortall sinne, when there is [Page 26] a deliberate minde.
I haue had pollution in my sleepe, without any faulte of mine, and was afterwarde discontented that I had it. It is no sinne. But when willinglie there is occasion giuen, or when we take pleasure of it, as of an ill act, it is a M. s.
So likewise when we doe wish or desire, that a filthie carnall dreame had bene true indeede. As also the pollution that a man hath being waking, through his owne fault, by thinking, looking, or touching others, or him: [Page 27] selfe, is a M. S.
To sinne with brute beastes, or to take carnall delite by touching or behoulding thē, &c. is M. S.
I haue taken other mens goods, and haue deceaued them in matters of importāce it is M. S. So likewise to take any thing of moment in the house where we dwel, against the will of those that be superiours in that howse, and it is called domesticall or household thefte: in a small matter it is V. S. with mind to steale much, it is a M. s.
I haue desired other mens goods vnjustlie, and to doe them some great dammage, and this with a full purpose: it is a M. S. but not when one doth desire to haue as great goods as another, without harme or dammage to him.
I haue bin proude: vaunting, and preferring my selfe before others, & contemning them.
I haue bin vaine glorious, & praised my selfe: but verie sleightlie, without harme of anie others, and without taking due honour from God it [Page 29] is a V. S. So likewise of anger in smale thinges, as also of Glutonie, Couetousnes, slouth, &c.
Moreouer if thou haue committed any other sinnes, that be not written or set downe heere, thou must yet Confesse them.
If one did remaine a whole yeare, with purpose to commit mortall sinne, neuer repenting him selfe therof all that time, he is in state of mortall sinne, and ought to Confesse how long he hath bin in that state by saying, I haue borne [Page 30] hatred a whole yeare. I haue had carnall desires two moneths &c.
Certaine aduises.
NOTE 1. That before thou goe to the sacrament of confession, thou must thinke vpon thy sinnes, and examen thy conscience wel, reading such thinges as be noted heere. Thou maist also write thy sinnes, and reade them before thy ghostlie father, if thy memorie doe not serue thee.
Note 2. That to conceale, one mortall sinne, willinglie, is sacrilege, and the Confession is not auaileable, nor of force: as neither that confession which thou doest make afterwards, although thou doe confesse the sinne left out before, if thou doe not vtter that in thine other confessiō, thou didest willinglie conceale it: and thou must repeate as well the former confession, as all others made in this maner. so likewise if thou doubt whether any thing be a mortall sinne, and doest not vtter the [Page 32] same, it is a M. s. but not if thou leaue to doubt, and art resolued that it is no M. S.
To cōceale a Venial sinne, & not to cōfesse it, is no M. S.
Note 3. That the Confession is not of force, if thou haue not a true and full purpose to abstaine from all Mortall Sinne, and true sorow for those that be past: nay thou doest sinne mortallie, if thou goe to Confession with intention to be absolued in that state: but not if thou goe with a desire to be holpen of thy ghostlie father, and [Page 33] to doe that which thou oughtest.
Note 4, That thou must tell the number of thy Mortall sinnes, as neere as thou canst remēber, & if willingly thou doe not vtter them, thy Confession is not auaileable: as also if thou doe not manifest the circumstances which doe chaunge the nature and kinde of Mortall sinnes. And therfore it sufficeth not to saie, I haue sinned with a woman, but is needfull also to tell whether shee were kinne to [Page 34] thee or no: and if shee were such, then whether she were a virgin, or a married woman, Religious or secular, &c.
Note 5. That a man must forgoe and leaue the occasion of M. S. as the conuersation of such persons, and in such places, where, and with whom, he is wont to sinne, otherwise he may not be absolued: for that it is a signe that he doeth not repent him selfe, although he saie the contrarie in wordes.
Note 6. That it is necessarie to restore other mens goods, [Page 35] as soone as may be, and likewise their good name, by saying, that is not true which I tould of such, or such a person and this to all those to whom it was spoken of, if it were false: but if it were true, it is sufficient to praise the persons that were spoken ill of.
Note 7. That if one had bin a meanes, or procured, that any other sinned mortallie, he must needes confesse it.
Note 8. That if one went into Nuneries forbidden by Excommunication without licence, he is excommunicated: [Page 36] as also he haue strooken by diabolicall suggestion any Religious person, or any that had holie orders, or such as had lesser orders.
Note 9. That he which doth examen his conscience touching the thinge a forementioned, must take that onlie which he hath donne, and tell it as it is there set downe, that is, whether he did it with a full purpose, or no: and the like is to be vnderstoode of lies, whether they were with oathes, or without them, that so the [Page 37] ghostlie father may knowe when it is a M. S. and when not. The which thou shalt see, if thou doe finde adjoined therunto these letters M. S. and where there is V. S. it signifieth a Veniall Sinne: which being vnderstoode by thee, thou must flie mortall sinnes, and choose rather to die then to commit one onlie: as also thou must eschue venial sinnes as much as lieth in thee.
Note lastlie, that a stedfast minde, a full purpose, a resolute will, aduisedlie, and with all our [Page 38] hart, is one thinge, and when this is, it maketh that our thoughts, desires, words and deedes be mortall sinne, in matters of importance, and therfore it is needfull to refraine our wil that it consent not, but rather to saie with our will, I wil not, or no; for that, where the will hath repugnā ce, there cannot be sinne, especiallie mortall: wel there may be veniall sinne, by reason of our negligēce, in not resisting so soone as we should. As for example, if there came to thy minde an euil thought, whilst [Page 39] thou doost not marke it, it is no sinne: but when thou doest reflect vpon it and see it, if thou doe cast it off speedilie, thou doest merite therby: and a little negligence in this behalfe, doth make it a Veniall sinne: but voluntarie, or willing delighte in the same, doth make it mortall, albeit thou hadst no purpose to put it in execution, but onlie to take pleasure in such a wicked thought. The resolution to put it in practise, dooth make the sinne greater, and if it be done in deede, it maketh it [Page 40] yet greater, & whē there was the act now reallie donne, it is sufficiēt only to cōfesse the same, because in this is vnderstood the thought, & the resolution made: but if it were a thought, onlie with the delite aforesaid, it must alone be vttered in Cōfessiō euē as it past
Some one perchance will say. Sir I can not speedilie rid my selfe of such naughtie thoughtes. The answeare is: that then thou art supposed to haue cast them off speedilie, when thy will doth repugne and mislike of them, and [Page 41] sayeth no or, I will not, albeit such thoughts continued for a whole yeare together, or turned back a thousand times a day, against thy will. The which if it be vnderstood aright, and as it behoueth, will giue exceeding great cōfort to deuout soules, & to those that haue a timerous cōsciēce, who neuer would consent to any sin. Frō which being free together with doing good & godly works, we may hope through the grace of almightie God, to arriue to the glorie of heauen, by his infinite mercie. Amen.
WHAT THE PENITENT OVGHT TO DOE AFTER he hath examined his conscience.
AFter that the penitent hath recollected himselfe, gathered, and set before his eyes, that which his consciēce shall tell him, of the sins which he hath committed since his last Confessiō, be it either by thoughtes, by wordes, or by workes, he shal excite him selfe to cōtrition & repētance for his sinnes, where with he hath defiled the beauty of his soule, with [Page 43] great confidence in the mercie of God, and in the merits of the pretious blood of IESVS CHRIST, by the which we are washed from our sinnes in the Sacrament of Pennance, & with a firme purpose of amendemēt; for which effect, let him say the prayer following.
A deuout prayer to procure Contrition.
O Good IESV, good IESV, good IESV. O my hope, my refuge, & my health; haue mercy, haue mercie, haue mercie on me. Alas I am a most wicked, and most [Page 44] vnworthie sinner. I am a most vile sinner. I haue sinned I haue sinned, I haue sinned, and done euill before thee. After a thousand, and a thousand graces receaued from thee. After a thousand, and a thousand promises made vnto thee, I am as wretchedly fallen as before. A thousand times therefore, haue I deserued to be euerlastingly damned. Nay, hell it selfe hath not so many punishments, as may worthelie correct my sinne and iniquitie. Wretch that [Page 45] I am, I am vnworthie to be called thy creature. Vnworthie whome the earth should beare, or to whom it should afforde any manner of sustenance. O my Lord, I haue just occation to shed foorth a riuer of teares, yea rather of blood, then of water. It is truely a wonder, that my harte doth not burste in sunder, with vehemence of Contrition, when I consider the greatnesse, and enormitie of my sinne. O would to God, would to God, I had neuer [Page 46] offended. Would to God I had neuer letted thy grace in me. Would to God I had neuer contemned thy mercie towardes me. O let it please thee sweet IESV, for the same thy mercie, once more to washe me with thy pretious blood. Once more to heale me with thy sacred woundes. Once more to sanctifie me with thy death and passion. O cleanse me, cleanse me, cleanse me perfectly. Restore me the innocencie which thou gauest me in Baptisme, that I may truly please thee. Here I make, [Page 47] Lorde, in thy presence, and before all the Angels and blessed spirits, a firme purpose to amend my life. I renounce al sensuall delectation. I renounce all vanitie and impuritie. I renounce, and vtterly detest, al sinne and iniquitie. My deere Sauiour, shed foorth thy wrath vpon this my body. Afflict me. Cut me in peeces Burne me in this worlde. Lay thy Crosse vpon my shoulders. I am content with al, only that I neuer more offende thee.
A prayer before Confession.
O Most sweete Lord, th [...] fountaine of all mercie▪ giue me I beseeche thee, true Contrition and sorrowe fo [...] my sinnes. Send me the gifte of speech and of veritie, that [...] may explicate and declare my sinnes, humbly, simply, an [...] entierely to my ghostly Father, without either disguising, or concealing any thing to the end that making an entire Confession, I may obtaine a full and perfect absolution Amen.
Another for the same.
O Most beningne & gentle Sauiour IESV, I beseeche thee by the merits of thy bitter Passion, that it would please thee to haue pittie on him whom thou hast created to thyne image and likenes, and bought by a painfull and dolorous death. O my Lord, who art the wisedome diuine, let it please thee to informe me of the knowledge of my sinnes, that I be not deceiued by the spirit of lying in the recitall of them, [Page 50] which I intend to make to my ghostly father, by thee established, in vertue of thy pretious bloud to giue me absolution. O my Lord, which art the power diuine, driue from me, I beseech thee, all feare and humane shame, to the end that I be not any wayes withdrawen, to open and manifest the woundes of my soule: grant this by the merits of thy woorthy woundes, so many tymes for me opened and renued. Amen.
What the penitent is to doe when the Priest giueth him absolution.
WHILST the Confessour shall giue the Absolution, the Penitent may consider the great bounty & mercy of God, to haue giuen vs this Sacrament, for the washing and Purgation of our soules, by the merits of the Passion of our Lord Iesus Christ: or thinke vpon some poynt or article of the Passion or say some briefe jaculatory Prayer, such as this which followeth, or the like.
A Prayer to be said whilst the Absolution is giuen.
O My sweete Lord God, giue me the grace, that there be not in me, any impediment to receaue the true, entire, and totall remission of all my sinnes, by the merite of thy most precious blood shed for me vpon the Crosse, O IESV haue mercie on me. O God be mercifull to me a sinner. Thou who sufferedst for me, haue mercie on mee.
A Prayer after Confession.
O My Lord God the Father of mercy, who hast called me, & expected my repentance, and comming vnto thee by the Sacrament of Confession, thou hast gently receaued me, by thy bountie, pittie, and mercie, and by the merits of the precious bloud of my Sauiour IESVS, which hath bene applied vnto me in this holy Sacrament. Thou hast giuen mee the grace to haue Contrition, [Page 54] and sorrow for my sinnes and faults, which is the first part of Penance; Thou hast giuen me the force and constancy to confesse them all, so farre foorth as I could remember, which is the second. Giue me grace now to fullfill the third, which is Satisfaction, in discharging me duely, and deuoutly, of the payne which is cōmanded me, so that hauing accomplished the whole mysterie of Penance, I may be receaued & reckoned amongst the number of thy true children, with Saint Peter, and [Page 55] S. Mary Magdalen, the true mirours of pennance. Amen.
Another for the same.
O Soueraigne bounty, bottomelesse depthe of mercie, and God of all clemencie and sweetnes, it is vnto thee that I come to render my selfe: vnto thee I make my refuge, hauing vnfoulded my faults in the Sacrament of Confession, and discharged my selfe of the great burthen of my sinnes, which did ouermuch oppresse my soule, wherof I giue thee most humble [Page 56] thankes, and I beseech thee, to confirme in my spirit the hope of saluation, which thou hast giuen me by newnes of life, the which hereafter thou maist make to grow in me by thy holy grace. O let it please thee for the time to come, to support me by thy power, to the ende that I fall not into the snares of mine enemies, who seeke euery moment to deuoure me. I call, o Lord, for thy helpe, helpe me against the world, the flesh, & the diuel, that I may keep & preserue me in the obseruance [Page 57] of thy holy commandements, and diligently, humbly, and deuoutly serue thee, and laud thee, by the bloud and merits of IESVS CHRIST thy Son, to whome with thee and the Holy Ghost, be all prayse and glory. Amen.