Two broad-sides against tobacco the first given by King James of famous memory, his Counterblast to tobacco : the second transcribed out of that learned physician Dr. Everard Maynwaringe, his Treatise of the scurvy : to which is added, serious cautions against excess in drinking, taken out of another work of the same author, his Preservation of health and prolongation of life : with a short collection, out of Dr. George Thompson's treatise of Bloud, against smoking tobacco : also many examples of God's severe judgments upon notorious drunkards, who have died suddenly, in a sermon preached by Mr. Samuel Ward : concluding with two poems against tobacco and coffee / corrected and published, as very proper for this age, by J.H.

Two broad-sides against tobacco the first given by King James of famous memory, his Counterblast to tobacco : the second transcribed out of that learned physician Dr. Everard Maynwaringe, his Treatise of the scurvy : to which is added, serious cautions against excess in drinking, taken out of another work of the same author, his Preservation of health and prolongation of life : with a short collection, out of Dr. George Thompson's treatise of Bloud, against smoking tobacco : also many examples of God's severe judgments upon notorious drunkards, who have died suddenly, in a sermon preached by Mr. Samuel Ward : concluding with two poems against tobacco and coffee / corrected and published, as very proper for this age, by J.H.

Two broad-sides against tobacco the first given by King James of famous memory, his Counterblast to tobacco : the second transcribed out of that learned physician Dr. Everard Maynwaringe, his Treatise of the scurvy : to which is added, serious cautions against excess in drinking, taken out of another work of the same author, his Preservation of health and prolongation of life : with a short collection, out of Dr. George Thompson's treatise of Bloud, against smoking tobacco : also many examples of God's severe judgments upon notorious drunkards, who have died suddenly, in a sermon preached by Mr. Samuel Ward : concluding with two poems against tobacco and coffee / corrected and published, as very proper for this age, by J.H.

Table of contents

Title page

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To all Taverns, Inns, Victualling-Houſes, Ale-houſes, Coffee-houſes, Strong-water-ſhops, Tobacconiſts-ſhops, in England, Scotland or Ireland.

To the Reader.

A COUNTERBLAST TO TOBACCO.

Dr. Maynwaring's ſerious Cautions againſt Tobacco, collected out of his Treatiſe of the Scurvy, Page 70.

Preſervation of Health in the choice of Drinks, and Regular Drinking.

That it may not be ſaid to be onely one Doctors Opinion, here is added another Collection againſt Tobacco-ſmoking, written by the learned Doctor George Thompſon, in his Book Of Preſervation of the Bloud.

Woe to Drunkards: A SERMON Preached many Years ſince By Mr. Samuel Ward, PREACHER OF IPSWICH.

TOBACCO BATTERED, AND THE PIPES SHATTERED (About their Ears, that id'ly Idolize ſo baſe and barbarous a WEED: OR, At leaſt-wiſe over-love ſo loathſome Vanity.) Collected out of the famous POEMS of Joſhua Sylveſter, Gent.

A Broad-Side AGAINST COFFEE: OR, THE Marriage of the Turk.

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A POSTSCRIPT By way of APOLOGY.

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Two Broad-Sides AGAINST TOBACCO: The Firſt given by King JAMES Of Famous Memory; HIS Counterblaſt to TOBACCO.

THE SECOND Tranſcribed out of that learned PHYSICIAN Dr. EVERARD MAYNWARINGE, HIS Treatiſe of the SCURVY.

To which is added, Serious Cautions againſt Exceſs in Drinking: Taken out of another Work of the ſame Author, His Preſervation of Health and Prolongation of Life.

WITH A ſhort Collection, out of Dr. George Thompſon's Treatiſe of Bloud; Againſt ſmoking Tobacco.

Alſo many Examples of God's ſevere Judgments upon notorious Drunkards, who have died ſuddenly, In a Sermon Preached by Mr. Samuel Ward.

Concluding with Two Poems againſt Tobacco and Coffee.

Collected and Publiſhed, as very proper for this Age; By J. H. [...].

Animalia omnia ſibi metipſis noſcunt Salutaria, praeter Hominem.

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Licenſed according to Order,

June 6. 1672.

London, Printed for John Hancock, and are to be Sold at the Three Bibles in Popes-head-Alley, or at other Shops, 1672.

§

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James by the grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland etc

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[...]

To all Taverns, Inns, Victualling-Houſes, Ale-houſes, Coffee-houſes, Strong-water-ſhops, Tobacconiſts-ſhops, in England, Scotland or Ireland.

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Gentle Readers,

HEre is preſented to you a Brief, Learned, and a very ſeaſonable Treatiſe for the Age we live in: It was many years ſince Penned by King James of happy and bleſſed Memory, Entituled, A Counterblaſt to Tobacco; It it here verbatim, faithfully tranſcribed out of the large and learned Volume of His other Works in Folio, which are rare and ſcarce to be had for money, and of too great a price for the common ſort of Tobacco-ſmokers to purchaſe: It is granted, the thing may be good, and Phyſical, and healthful, being moderately and but ſeldom taken; but for men to take ten or twenty Pipes in a day in all Companies, Morning, Noon and Night, before and preſently after Meals; this is a ſtrange way of taking Phyſick. Now the King underſtanding the evil Cuſtom of taking Tobacco, or, as we now call it, ſmoking a Pipe, was grown to a great head, he ſeems to be very much inſenſed at it, and diſcovers how it firſt came into England, and its firſt Original; and how that it was uſed much amongſt the ſavage Indians, to cure Lewes Venerea, a Diſeaſe among them: His Majeſty wiſely fore-ſeeing the evil conſequences that would follow, by ſuch immoderate ſucking in the foul ſmoke of this Indian Weed, and He being the Phyſician of the Body Politick, doth by many ſtrong and excellent Arguments, diſſwade his Subjects [Page] from imitating the practiſe of the Heathen Indians, in drinking this noxious fume. It was in his Time but a Novelty, and practiſed but a little, except amongſt the Nobility, Gentry, or great Ones: But now what is more frequently uſed in every Ale-houſe and Coffee-houſe, beſides great Inns and Taverns in London, and all the Three Kingdoms over. Whereas if men were ſo wiſe for their own good, both in Body, Soul, and Eſtate, as to handle a good Book, either of Divinity, or of Morality, half ſo often as they do the Pipe of ſmoke, it would be better for them in all reſpects, more precious time and money would be ſaved. I ſhall detain you no longer from a more learned Epiſtle and Treatiſe of the matter in hand: And as King Solomon, who was the wiſeſt of Kings, ſaith in his Book of Eccleſiaſtes, That where the word of a King is, there is power; ſo I ſay, If what our famous King James hath written, be not of Power ſufficient to divert all Engliſh men, &c. from this evil and hurtful Cuſtom; It is here ſeconded, and backed home, by the words and advice of an able and learned Doctor of Phyſick now living; it being ſo ſutable to the purpoſe, was thought fit to be added to this Counterblast. And that it may not be ſaid (as the common Proverb is) To be only one Doctors opinion, I have thought ſit to add another, Collected out of a Treatiſe Of the Bloud, written by that learned Phyſician Dr. George Thompſon, who agreeth with the former againſt ſmoking Tobacco, as dangerous. I apprehend, that what hath been ſpoken againſt drinking Tobacco, may much more be ſaid againſt immoderate drinking of Wine, Ale, Beer, or any ſtrong Liquors, and Diſhes of Coffee, &c. Thus hoping thou wilt make a good uſe of what is here gathered together, and offered for thy good, I reſt

A Well-wiſher to thy Health, J. H.

To the Reader.

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AS every humane body (dear Country-men) how wholſome ſoever, is notwithſtanding ſubject, or at leaſt naturally inclined to ſome ſorts of Diſeaſes or Infirmities: So is here no Common-wealth, or Body-Politick, how well governed or peaceable ſoever it be, that lacks their own popular Errors, and naturally inclined Corruptions; And therefore it is no wonder, although this our Country and Common-wealth, though peaceable, though wealthy, though long flouriſhing in both, be amongst the reſt, ſubject to their own natural Infirmities. We are of all Nations the people most Loving, and moſt reverently Obedient to our Prince; yet we are (as time hath often born witneſs) too eaſie to be ſeduced to make Rebellion upon very ſlight grounds. Our fortunate and oft-proved Valour in Wars abroad, our hearty and reverent Obedience to our Princes at home, hath given us a long, and thrice-happy Peace; our Peace hath bred wealth: And Peace and Wealth hath brough forth a general ſluggiſhneſs, which makes us wallow in all ſorts of idle Delights, and ſoft Delicacies, the firſt ſeeds of the ſubverſion of all great Monarchies. Our Clergy are become negligent and laſie, our Nobility and Gentry prodigal, and ſold to their private Delights; Our Lawyers covetous, our common People prodigal and curious; and generally all ſorts of People more careful for their private ends, then for their Mother the Common-wealth.

For remedy whereof, It is the King's part (as the proper Phyſician of his Politick Body) to purge it of all thoſe Diſeaſes, by Medicines meet for the ſame; as by a certain mild, and yet juſt form of Government, to maintain the Publick quietneſs, and prevent all occaſions of Commotion; by the example of his own Perſon and Court, to make us all aſhamed of our ſluggiſh Delicacy, and to ſtir us up to the practice again of all honest Exerciſes, and martial ſhadows of War; as likewiſe by His, and His Courts moderateneſs in Apparel, to make us aſhamed of our Prodigality: [Page] By his quick Admonitions, and careful over-ſeeing of the Clergy, to waken them up again, to be more diligent in their Offices: By the ſharp Tryal, and ſevere Puniſhment of the partial, covetous, and bribing Lawyers, to reform their Corruptions: And generally by the example of His own Perſon, and by the due execution of good Laws, to reform and aboliſh piece and piece, theſe old and evil-grounded Abuſes: For this will not be Opus unius Diei, but as every one of theſe Diſeaſes, must from the King receive the one Cure proper for it; ſo are there ſome ſorts of Abuſes in Common-wealths, that though they be of ſo baſe and contemptible a condition, as they are too low for the Law to look on, and too mean for a King to interpoſe his Authority, or bend his Eye upon; yet are they Corruptions, as well as the greatest of them. So is an Ant an Animal as well as an Elephant; ſo is a Wren Avis, as well as a Swan; and ſo is a ſmall dint of the Tooth-ach a Diſeaſe, as well as the fearful Plague is. But for theſe baſe ſorts of Corruption in Common-wealths; not only the King, or any inferiour Magiſtrate, but Quilibet ê populo may ſerve to be a Phyſician, by diſcovering and impugning the error, and by perſwading reformation thereof.

And ſurely in my Opinion, there cannot be a more baſe, and yet hurtful Corruption in a Country, then is the vile uſe (or rather abuſe) of taking Tobacco in this Kingdome, which hath moved me ſhortly to diſcover the abuſes in this following little Pamphlet.

If any think it a light Argument, ſo it is but a Toy that is beſtowed upon it. And ſince the Subject is but of Smoke, I think the fume of an idle Brain, may ſerve for a ſufficient battery againſt ſo fumous a feblean Enemy. If my grounds be found true, it is all I look for; but if they carry the force of perſwaſion with them, it is all I can wiſh, and more then I can expect. My only care is, my dear Country-men may rightly conceive even by this ſmalleſt trifle, of the ſincerity of my meaning in greater matters, never to ſpare any pains, that may tend to the procuring of your Weale and Proſperity.

A COUNTERBLAST TO TOBACCO.

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THat the manifold abuſes of this vile cuſtome of Tobacco-taking, may the better be eſpied; It is fit, That firſt you enter into Conſideration both of the firſt Original thereof, and likewiſe of the Reaſons of the firſt entry thereof into this Countrey; for certainly as ſuch Cuſtoms that have their firſt Inſtitution, either from a godly, neceſſary, or honourable ground, and are firſt brought in by the means of ſome worthy, vertuous, and great Perſonage; are ever, and moſt juſtly holden in great and reverent eſtimation and account by all wife, vertuous and temperate Spirits: So ſhould it by the contrary, juſtly bring a great Diſgrace into that ſort of Cuſtoms, which having their Original from baſe Corruption and Barbarity, do, in like ſort, make their firſt entry into a Country, by an inconſiderate and childiſh affectation of Novelty, as is the true caſe of the firſt▪ Invention of Tobacco-taking, and of the firſt entry thereof amongſt us. For Tobacco being a common Herb, which (though under divers Names) grows [Page] almoſt every where, was firſt found out by ſome of the Barbarous Indians to be a Preſervative, or Antidote againſt the Pox, a filthy Diſeaſe, whereunto theſe Barbarous People are (as all men know) very much ſubject, what through the uncleanly and aduſt conſtitution of their Bodies, and what through the intemperate heat of their Climate. So that as from them, was firſt brought into Chriſtendome, that moſt deteſtable Diſeaſe: So from them likewiſe was brought this uſe of Tobacco, as a ſtinking and unſavory Antidote, for ſo corrupted and execrable a Malady; the ſtinking ſuffumigation whereof they yet uſe againſt that Diſeaſe, making ſo one Canker or Vermine to eat out another.

And now, good Country-men, let us (I pray you) conſider what Honour or Policy can move us to imitate the barbarous and beaſtly Manners of the wild, godleſs and ſlaviſh Indians, eſpecially in ſo vile and ſtinking a Cuſtome▪ Shall we that diſdain to imitate the Manners of our Neighbour France, (having the ſtile of the great Chriſtian Kingdome) and that cannot endure the Spirit of the Spaniards (their King being now comparable in largeneſs of Dominions, to the greateſt Emperour of Turky;) Shall we, I ſay, that have been ſo long civil and wealthy in Peace, famous and invincible in War, fortunate in both; We that have been ever able to Aid any of our Neighbours (but never deafed any of their Ears with any of our Supplications for aſſiſtance;) Shall we, I ſay, without bluſhing, abaſe our ſelves ſo far, as to imitate theſe beaſtly Indians, Slaves to the Spaniards, Réfuſe to the World, and as yet Aliens from the holy Covenant of God? Why do we not as well imitate them in walking naked, as they do, in preferring Glaſſes, Feathers, and ſuch toys, to Gold and precious Stones, as they do? Yea, why do we not deny God, and adore the Devil, as they do.

Now to the corrupted baſeneſs of the firſt uſe of this Tobacco, doth very well agree the fooliſh and groundleſs firſt Entry thereof into this Kingdom: It is not ſo long ſince the firſt entry of this abuſe amongſt us here, as this preſent Age cannot yet very well remember, both the firſt Author, and the form of the firſt Introduction of it againſt us. It was neither brought in by King, great Conqueror, nor learned Doctor of Phyſick.

With the Report of a great Diſcovery for a Conqueſt, ſome two or three Savage men were brought in, together with this Savage Cuſtome: But the pity is, the poor, wild, barbarous men died; but that vile barbarous Cuſtome is yet alive, yea in freſh vigour, ſo as [Page] it ſeems a miracle to me, how a Cuſtome ſpringing from ſo vile a Ground, and brought in by a Father ſo generally hated, ſhould be welcomed upon ſo ſlender a warrant: For if they that firſt put it in practice here, had remembred for what reſpect it was uſed by them from whence it came; I am ſure they would have been loath to have taken ſo far the Imputation of that Diſeaſe upon them as they did, by uſing the Cure thereof; for Sanis non eſt opus medico, and Counter-Poyſons are never uſed, but where Poyſon is thought to proceed.

But ſince it is true, that divers Cuſtoms ſlightly grounded, and with no better warrant entred in a Common-wealth, may yet in the uſe of them thereafter, prove both neceſſary and profitable; it is therefore next to be examined, if there be not a ful ſympathy and true proportion between the baſe ground and fooliſh entry, and the loathſome and hurtful uſe of this ſtinking Antidote.

I am now therefore heartily to pray you to conſider, firſt upon what falſe and erroneous grounds you have firſt built the general good liking thereof; and next, what Sins towards God, and fooliſh Vanities before the World, you commit in the deteſtable uſe of it.

As for thoſe deceitful grounds, that have ſpecially moved you to take a good and great conceit thereof: I ſhall content my ſelf to examine here onely four of the Principals of them, two founded upon the Theorick of a deceivable appearance of Reaſon, and two of them upon the miſtaken practick of general Experience.

Firſt, It is thought by you a ſure Aphoriſme in the Phyſick; That the brains of all men being naturally cold and wet, all dry and hot things ſhould be good for them, of which nature this ſtinking ſuffumigation is, and therefore of good uſe to them. Of this Argument both the Propoſition and Aſſumption are falſe, and ſo the Concluſion cannot but be void of it ſelf: For as to the Propoſition, That becauſe the Brains are cold and moiſt, therefore things that are hot and dry are beſt for them; it is an inept Conſequence: For man being compounded of the four Complexions (whoſe Fathers are the four Elements) although there be a mixture of them all, in all the parts of his body, yet muſt the divers parts of our Microcoſme, or little World within our ſelves, be diverſly more inclined, ſome to one, ſome to another Complexion, according to the diverſity of their uſes; that of theſe Diſcords a perfect [Page] Harmony may be made up for the maintenance of the whole Body.

The application then of a thing of a contrary nature to any of theſe parts, is to interrupt them of their due function, and by conſequence hurtful to the health of the whole Body; as if a man, becauſe the Liver is as the fountain of Bloud, and, as it were, an Oven to the Stomach, would therefore apply and wear cloſe upon his Liver and Stomach a Cake of Lead, he might within a very ſhort time (I hope) be ſuſtained very good cheap at an Ordinary, beſides the clearing of his Conſcience from that deadly ſin of Gluttony: And as if becauſe the Heart is full of vital Spirits, and in perpetual motion; a man would therefore lay a heavy pound ſtone on his Breaſt, for ſtaying and holding down that wanton Palpitation; I doubt not but his Breaſt would be more bruiſed with the weight thereof▪ then the Heart would be comforted with ſuch a diſagreeable and contrarious Cure. And even ſo is it with the Brains; for if a man becauſe the Brains are cold and humide, would therefore uſe inwardly by ſmells, or outwardly by application, things of hot and dry quality; all the gain that he could make thereof, would onely be to put himſelf in great forwardneſs for running mad, by over-watching himſelf; the coldneſs and moiſture of our Brains being the onely ordinary means that procure our Sleep and Reſt. Indeed, I do not deny, that when it falls out that any of theſe, or any part of our Body, grows to be diſtempered, and to tend to an extremity beyond the compaſs of Natures temperate mixture, that in that caſe Cures of contrary qualities to the Intemperate inclination of that part being wiſely prepared, and diſcreetly miniſtred, may be both neceſſary and helpful for ſtrengthening and aſſiſting Nature in the expulſion of her Enemies; for this is the true definition of all profitable Phyſick.

But firſt, Theſe Cures ought not to be uſed, but where there is need of them; the contrary whereof is daily practiced in this general uſe of Tobacco, by all ſorts and Complexions of people.

And next, I deny the minor of this Argument, as I have already ſaid, in regard that this Tobacco is not ſimply of a dry and hot quality, but rather hath a certain venomous faculty joyned with the heat thereof, which makes it have an Antipathy againſt Nature, as by the hateful ſmell thereof doth well appear; for the Noſe being the proper Organ and Convoy of the ſence of ſinelling to the Brains, which are the onely fountain of that ſence, doth ever ſerve [Page] us for an infallible witneſs, whether that Odour which we ſmell be healthful or hurtful to the Brain, (except when it falls out that the ſence it ſelf is corrupted and abuſed, through ſome infirmity and diſtemper in the Brain:) And that the ſuffumigation thereof cannot have a drying quality, it needs no further probation, then that it is a ſmoke, all ſmoke and vapour being of it ſelf Humide, as drawing near to the nature of the Air, and eaſie to be reſolved again into water, whereof there needs no other proof but the meteors, which being bred of nothing elſe but of the vapors and exhalations ſucked up by the Sun out of the Earth, the Sea and Waters; yet are the ſame ſmoky vapors turned and transformed into Rains, Snows, Dews, Hoar-Froſts, and ſuch like watry meteors; as by the contrary, the rainy Clouds are often transformed and evaporated in bluſtering Winds.

The ſecond Argument grounded on a ſhew of Reaſon, is, That this filthy Smoke, as well through the heat and ſtrength thereof, as by a natural force and quality, is able and fit to purge both the Head and Stomach of Rheumes and Diſtillations, as experience teacheth by the ſpitting, and avoiding Flegm, immediately after the taking of it. But the fallacy of this Argument may eaſily appear, by my late proceeding Deſcription of the meteors; for even as the ſmoky vapours ſucked by the Sun, and ſtayed in the loweſt and cold Region of the Air, are there contracted into Clouds, and turned into Rain, and ſuch other watry meteors; So this ſtinking Smoke being ſucked up by the Noſe, and impriſoned in the cold and moiſt Brains, is by their cold and wet faculty turned and caſt forth again in watry Diſtillations, and ſo are you made free, and purged of nothing, but that wherewith you wilfully burdened your ſelves; and therefore are you no wiſer in taking Tobacco for purging you of Diſtillations, then if for preventing the Cholick, you would take all kind of windy Meats and Drinks; and for preventing of the Stone, you would take all kind of Meats and Drinks that would breed gravel in the Kidneys; and then when you were forced to avoid much wind out of your Stomach, and much gravel in your Urine, that you ſhould attribute the thank thereof to ſuch nouriſhments as breed thoſe within you, that behoved either to be expelled by the force of Nature, or you to have burſt at the broad ſide, as the Proverb is.

As for the other two Reaſons founded upon Experience▪ The firſt of which is, That the whole people would not have taken ſo [Page] general a good liking thereof, if they had not by experience found it very ſoveraign and good for them: For anſwer thereunto, How eaſily the minds of any people, wherewith God hath repleniſhed this World, may be drawn to the fooliſh affectation of any Novelty, I leave it to the diſcreet Judgment of any man that is reaſonable.

Do we not daily ſee, that a man can no ſooner bring over from beyond the Seas any new form of Apparel, but that he cannot be thought a man of Spirit, that would not preſently imitate the ſame; and ſo from hand to hand it ſpreads, till it be practiſed by all; not for any commodity that is in it, but only becauſe it is come to be the Faſhion; for ſuch is the force of that natural ſelf-love in every one of us, and ſuch is the corruption of envy bred in the Breaſt of every one, as we cannot be content, unleſs we imitate every thing that our Fellows do, and ſo prove our ſelves capable of every thing whereof they are capable, like Apes, counterfeiting the Manners of others to our own deſtruction. For let one or two of the greateſt Maſters of Mathematicks in any of the two famous Univerſities, but conſtantly affirm any clear day, that they ſee ſome ſtrange Apparition in the Skies; They will, I warrant you, be ſeconded by the greateſt part of the Students in that Profeſſion; So loath will they be, to be thought inferiour to their Fellows either in depth of Knowledge or ſharpneſs of Sight: and therefore the general good liking, and embracing of this fooliſh Cuſtome, doth but onely proceed from that affectation of Novelty and popular Error, whereof I have already ſpoken.

And the other Argument drawn from a miſtaken experience, is but the more particular probation of this general, becauſe it is alledged to be found true by proof, That by the taking of Tobacco, divers, and very many, do find themſelves cured of divers Diſeaſes, as on the other part no man ever received harm thereby. In this Argument, there is firſt a great miſtaking, and next a monſtrous abſurdity; for is not a very great miſtaking, to take non cauſam pro cauſa, as they ſay in the Logicks; becauſe peradventure when a ſick man hath had his Diſeaſe at the heighth, he hath at that inſtant taken Tobacco, and afterward his Diſeaſe taking the natural courſe of Declining, and conſequently the Patient of recovering his health, O then the Tobacco forſooth was the worker of that Miracle! beſide that, it is a thing well known to all Phyſicians, That the apprehenſion and conceit of the Patient hath by wakening and [Page] uniting the vital Spirits, and ſo ſtrengthening Nature, a great power and vertue to cure divers Diſeaſes: For an evident Proof of miſtaking in the like caſe, I pray what fooliſh Boy, what ſilly Wench, what old doting Wife, or ignorant Country Clown, is not Phyſician for the Tooth ach, for the Cholick, and divers ſuch common Diſeaſes; yea, will not every man you meet withall teach you a ſundry Cure for the ſame, and ſwear by that mean, either himſelf, or ſome of his neareſt Kindſmen and Friends was cured; and yet, I hope, no man is ſo fooliſh as to believe them: And all theſe toys do onely proceed from the miſtaking non cauſam pro cauſa, as I have already ſaid; and ſo if a man chance to recover one of any Diſeaſe after he hath taken Tobacco, that muſt have the thanks of all: But by the contrary, if a man ſmoke himſelf to death with it (as many have done) O then ſome other Diſeaſe muſt bear the blame for that fault! So do old Harlots thank their Harlotry for their many years, that Cuſtom being healthful (ſay they) ad purgandos renes, but never have mind how many die of the Pox in the flower of their Youth: And ſo do old Drunkards think they prolong their days by their Swine-like Diet, but never remember how many die drowned in Drink before they be half old.

And what greater abſurdity can there be then to ſay, that one Cure ſhall ſerve for divers, nay contrarious ſorts of Diſeaſes. It is an undoubted ground among all Phyſicians, That there is almoſt no ſort, either of Nouriſhment or Medicine, that hath not ſome thing in it diſagreeable to ſome part of mans body, becauſe, as I have already ſaid, the nature of the temperature of every part is ſo different from another, that according to the old Proverb, That which is good for the Head is evil for the Neck and the Shoulders: For even as a ſtrong Enemy that invades a Town or Fortreſs, although in his Siege thereof he do belay and compaſs it round about, yet he makes his Breach and Entry at ſome one or few ſpecial parts thereof, which he hath tryed and found to be weakeſt and leaſt able to reſiſt: So ſickneſs doth make her particular aſſault upon ſuch part or parts of our Body as are weakeſt and eaſieſt to be overcome by that ſort of Diſeaſe which then doth aſſail us, although all the reſt of the Body, by ſympathy, feel it ſelf to be as it were belaid and beſieged by the affliction of that ſpecial part, the grief and ſmart thereof being by the ſence of feeling diſperſed through all the reſt of the members; and therefore the skilful Phyſician preſſes by ſuch Cures to purge and ſtrengthen that part [Page] which is afflicted, as are onely fit for that ſort of Diſeaſe, and do beſt agree with the nature of that infirm part; which being abuſed to a Diſeaſe of another nature, would prove as hurtful to the one, as helpful for the other; yea, not onely will a skillful and wary Phyſician be careful to uſe no Cure, but that which is fit for that ſort of Diſeaſe; but he will alſo conſider all other circumſtances, and make the Remedies ſutable thereunto, as the temperature of the Clime, where the Patient is, the Conſtitution of the Planets, the time of the Moon, the ſeaſon of the Year, the Age and Complexion of the Patient, the preſent ſtate of his Body in ſtrength or weakneſs: For one Cure muſt not ever be uſed for the ſelf ſame Diſeaſe, but according to the varying of any of the aforeſaid Circumſtances, that ſort of Remedy muſt be uſed which is fitteſt for the ſame: where by the contrary in this caſe, ſuch is the miraculous Omnipotency of our ſtrong-taſted Tobacco, as it cures all ſorts of Diſeaſes (which never any Drug could do before) in all Perſons, and at all times. It cures all manner of Diſtillations, either in Head or Stomach (if you believe their Axioms) although in very deed it do both corrupt the Brain, and, by cauſing over quick digeſtion, fill the Stomach full of Crudities. It cures the Gout in the Feet, and (which is miraculous) in that very inſtant when the ſmoke thereof, as light, flyes up into the Head, the vertue thereof, as heavy, runs down to the little Toe: It helps all ſorts of Agues; it makes a man ſober, that was Drunk; it refreſhes a weary man, and yet makes a man hungry; being taken when they go to Bed, it makes one ſleep ſoundly; and yet being taken when a man is ſleepy and drowſie, it will, as they ſay, awaken his Brain, and quicken his Underſtanding; As for curing of the Pox, it ſerves for that uſe, but among the Pocky Indian Slaves. Here in England it is refined, and will not deign to cure here any other then cleanly and gentlemanly Diſeaſes. O omnipotent power of Tobacco! And if it could by the ſmoke thereof chaſe out Devils, as the ſmoke of Tobias Fiſh did (which, I am ſure, could ſmell no ſtronger) it would ſerve for a precious Relict, both for the ſuperſtitious Prieſts, and the inſolent Puritans, to caſt out Devils withall.

Admitting then, and not confeſſing, that the uſe thereof were healthful for ſome ſorts of Diſeaſes, ſhould it be uſed for all Sickneſſes? ſhould it be uſed by all men? ſhould it be uſed at all times? yea, ſhould it be uſed by able, young, ſtrong, healthful men? Medicine hath that vertue, that it never leaves a man in that ſtate [Page] wherein it finds him; it makes a ſick man whole, but a whole man ſick: And as Medicine helps Nature, being taken at times of neceſſity; ſo being ever and continually uſed, it doth but weaken, weary, and wear Nature. What ſpeak I of Medicine? Nay, let a man every hour of the day, or as oft as many in this Country uſe to take Tobacco; Let a man, I ſay, but take as oft the beſt ſorts of Nouriſhments, in Meat and Drink, that can be deviſed, he ſhall, with the continual uſe thereof, weaken both his Head and his Stomach, all his members ſhall become feeble, his Spirits dull, and in the end, as a drowſie, laſie Belly-god, he ſhall evaniſh in a Lethargy.

And from this weakneſs it proceeds, that many in this Kingdom have had ſuch a continual uſe of taking this unſavory Smoke, as now they are not able to forbear the ſame, no more then an old Drunkard can abide to be long ſober, without falling into an incurable Weakneſs, and evil Conſtitution; for their continual cuſtom hath made to them habitum, alteram naturam: So to thoſe that, from their Birth, have been continually nouriſhed upon Poyſon, and things venemous, wholeſome Meats are onely poyſonable.

Thus having, as I truſt, ſufficiently anſwered the moſt principal Arguments that are uſed in defence of this vile cuſtome. It reſts onely to inform you, what Sins and Vanities you commit in the filthy abuſe thereof: Firſt, Are you not guilty of ſinful and ſhameful luſt, (for luſt may be as well in any of the Sences as in feeling) that although you be troubled with no Diſeaſe, but in perfect health, yet can you neither be merry at an Ordinary, nor laſcivious in the Stews, if you lack Tobacco to provoke your Apetite to any of thoſe ſorts of Recreation; luſting after it as the Children of Iſrael did in the Wilderneſs after Quails. Secondly, It is as you uſe, or rather abuſe it, a branch of the ſin of Drunkenneſs, which is the root of all Sins; for as the onely delight that Drunkards take in Wine, is in the ſtrength of the taſt, and the force of the fume thereof that mounts up to the Brain; for no Drunkards love any weak or ſweet Drink; So are not thoſe (I mean the ſtrong heat and fume) the only qualities that make Tobacco ſo delectable to all the Lovers of it? And as no man likes ſtrong heady Drink the firſt day (becauſe nemo repente fit turpiſſimus) but by cuſtom is piece and piece allured, while, in the end, a Drunkard will have as great a thriſt to be drunk, as a ſober man to quench his thirſt with a [Page] draught, when he hath need of it. So is not this the very caſe of all the great takers of Tobacco, which therefore they themſelves do attribute to a bewitching quality in it? Thirdly, Is it not the greateſt ſin of all, that you, the people of all ſorts of this Kingdom, who are created and ordained by God, to beſtow both your Perſons and Goods for the maintainance both of the honour and ſafety of your King and Common-wealth, ſhould diſable your ſelves in both? In your Perſons, having by this continual vile Cuſtom brought your ſelves to this ſhameful imbecillity, that you are not able to ride or walk the Journey of a Jews Sabbath, but you muſt have a reeky coal brought you from the next poor Houſe to kindle your Tobacco with; whereas he cannot be thought able for any Service in the Wars, that cannot endure oftentimes the want of Meat, Drink and Sleep, much more then muſt he endure the want of Tobacco. In the times of the many glorious and victorious Battles fought by this Nation, there was no word of Tobacco; but now if it were time of Wars, and that you were to make ſome ſudden Cavalcado upon your Enemies; if any of you ſhould ſeek leiſure to ſtay behind his Fellow for taking of Tobacco, for my part, I ſhould never be ſorry for any evil chance that might befall him: To take a Cuſtome in any thing that cannot be left again, is moſt harmful to the people of any Land. Mollities and delicacy were the rack and overthrow, firſt of the Perſian, and next of the Roman Empire. And this very cuſtom of taking Tobacco (whereof our preſent purpoſe is) is even at this day accompted ſo effeminate among the Indians themſelves, as in the Market they will offer no price for a Slave to be ſold, whom they find to be a great Tobacco-taker.

Now how you are by this Cuſtome diſabled in your Goods, let the Gentry of this Land bear witneſs, ſome of them beſtowing three, ſome four hundred pounds a year upon this precious Stink, which, I am ſure, might be beſtowed upon many far better Uſes. I read indeed of a Knaviſh Courtier, who for abuſing the favour of the Emperour Alexander Severus his Maſter, by taking Bribes to intercede for ſundry Perſons in his Maſters Ear (for whom he never once opened his mouth) was juſtly choked with ſmoke, with this doom, Fumo pereat qui fumum vendidit. But of ſo many Smoke-Buyers as are at this preſent in this Kingdom, I never read nor heard.

And for the Vanities committed in this filthy Cuſtome, is it not both great Vanity and Uncleanneſs, that at the Table, a place of [Page] Reſpect, of Cleanlineſs, of Modeſty, men ſhould not be aſhamed to ſit toſſing of Tobacco-Pipes, and puffing of the ſmoke of Tobacco one to another, making the filthy ſmoke and ſtink thereof to exhale athwart the Diſhes, and infect the Air, when very often men that abhor it are at their Repaſt: Surely ſmoke becomes a Kitchin far better then a Dining Chamber, and yet it makes a Kitchin alſo oftentimes in the inward parts of men, ſoyling and infecting them with an unctious and oylie kind of ſoot, as hath been found in ſome great Tobacco-Takers, that after their Death were opened: And not onely meat-time, but no other time nor action is exempted from the publique uſe of this uncivil trick; ſo as if the Wives of Diep liſt to conteſt with this Nation for good Manners, their worſt Manners would in all reaſon be found at leaſt not ſo diſhoneſt, as ours are in this point, the publick uſe whereof at all times, and in all places, hath now ſo far prevailed, as divers men very ſound both in Judgment and Complexion, have been at laſt forced to take it alſo, without deſire, partly becauſe they were aſhamed to ſeem ſingular, (like the two Philoſophers that were forced to duck themſelves in that Rain-water, and ſo became Fools as well as the reſt of the people) and partly to be as one that was content to eat Garlick (which he did not love) that he might not be troubled with the ſmell of it in the breath of his Fellows. And is it not a great vanity that a man cannot heartily welcome his Friend now, but ſtraight they muſt be in hand with Tobacco: No, it is become in place of a Cure, a point of good Fellowſhip; and he that will refuſe to take a Pipe of Tobacco among his Fellows (though by his own election he would rather ſmell the ſavor of a ſink) is accompted peeviſh, and no good company; even as they do with tipling in the cold Eaſtern Countries: yea the Miſtriſs cannot in a more mannerly kind entertain her Servant, then by giving him out of her fair hand a pipe of Tobacco; but herein is not only a great vanity, but a great contempt of God's good Gifts, that the ſweetneſs of mans breath being a good gift of God, ſhould be wilfully corrupted by this ſtinking ſmoke, wherein I muſt confeſs it hath too ſtrong a vertue, and ſo that which is an Ornament of Nature, and can neither by any artifice be at the firſt acquired, nor once loſt be recovered again, ſhall be filthily corrupted with an incurable ſtink, which vile quality is as directly contrary to that wrong Opinion which is holden of the wholeſomeneſs thereof, as the venome of putrifaction is contrary to the vertue preſervative.

[Page] Moreover, which is a great iniquity, and againſt all humanity, the Husband ſhall not be aſhamed to reduce thereby his delicate, wholeſome, and clean-complexion'd Wife to that extremity, that either ſhe muſt alſo corrupt her ſweet Breath therewith, or elſe reſolve to live in a perpetual ſtinking torment.

Have you not reaſon then to be aſhamed, and to forbear this filthy Novelty, ſo baſely grounded, ſo fooliſhly received, and ſo groſly miſtaken in the right uſe thereof: In your abuſe thereof ſinning againſt God, harming your ſelves both in Perſons and Goods, and raking alſo thereby the marks and notes of Vanity upon you; by the Cuſtome thereof, making your ſelves to be wondered at by all forreign civil Nations, and by all Strangers that come among you, to be ſcorned and contempted; a cuſtome loathſome to the Eye, hateful to the Noſe, harmful to the Brain, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the black ſtinking fume thereof, neareſt reſembling the horrible ſtigian ſmoke of the Pit that is bottomleſs.

Dr. Maynwaring's ſerious Cautions againſt Tobacco, collected out of his Treatiſe of the Scurvy, Page 70.

ANother grand procuring and promoting cauſe of the Scurvy is, Tobacco; not taken notice of by any I meet with in print. And here we may charge much of the frequency, and the unwonted Phaenomena, or ſymptomatical appearance of this Diſeaſe, upon the late cuſtome of taking Tobacco. Many wonder that the Scurvy ſhould ſo much abound now in moſt places, and become ſo common and obvious now to every Eye, that was ſo rarely taken notice of in former times, notwithſtanding ſome of its procuring cauſes were very Antique. But we need not wonder ſo much, if we conſider the manner of living in former Ages, compared with our own; new Cuſtomes and Diets beget new Diſeaſes, or modifie the old ſo, as they ſeem to be new, in their unwonted manner, or frequency of appearance.

The Scurvy being altered and differenced now from what it was in ancient times; that the Phaenomena or ſymptomes of the Diſeaſe [Page] in the Syndrome and Concurrence, is not exact alike with the deſcription of the Ancients; which hath cauſed a doubt, and it is held by ſome Phyſicians, That the Scurvy is a new Diſeaſe: But it is the old Scurvy dreſſed in a new garb, which by new procuring cauſes, and additional complications, is become more depraved, more frequent, and more enlarged: few perſons but harbour this unwelcome Gueſt.

As an additional procurer of the Scurvy, Tobacco comes now to be examined, ſince whoſe general uſe the Scurvy hath much increaſed, and is become the moſt Epidemical. That this Plant is injurious and deſtructive to Nature, and conſequently an introducer of the Scurvy will appear, if we conſider the effects that ſupervene and follow the taking of it. The Conſequents or Effects may be divided into two ſorts; Firſt, Such as accompany or ſupervene the firſt uſe of it. Secondly, Such as follow the long and conſtant uſe of it.

Symptoms ariſing upon the firſt and unaccuſtomed uſe of ſmoking it, are Vomiting, Giddineſs, Fainting, Drunkenneſs Sleepineſs, depravation of the Sences, and ſuch like as follow upon the taking of ſome kind of Poyſons.

Effects upon the accuſtomed familiar uſe of it, are, Salivation, drawing a Flux of moiſture to the mouth, and drayning the Body; heat, dryneſs, laſſitude and wearineſs of the Spirits, a dulneſs and indiſpoſition of mind after; apt to ſleep, a filthy unſavory taſt in the mouth, a check to to the Stomach or Appetite.

The latent and more ſecret Effects wrought in the Body by the conſtant ſmoking of Tobacco, are; the inducing a Scorbutick diſpoſition, and promoting it where it is already radicated. And this is procured theſe wayes: Firſt, By depreſſing the Spirits, and alienating them from their genuine propriety and purity. Secondly, By vitiating the Stomach, and depraving the Palate. Thirdly, By exhauſting the dulcid good juyce of the Body, leaving behind and procuring the remainder more viſcous, acrid and ſharpe. Fourthly, By prejudicing and weakening the Lungs and vital Parts.

That it hath a property to depreſs and clog the Spirits, is apparent by its narcotick vertue, cauſing a dulneſs, heavineſs, laſſitude, and diſpoſing to ſleep after the uſe of it. That it alienates the Spirits, is concluded from its virulent nature, and diſcord with our nature, and that is argued from the ſymptoms that attend the firſt uſe.

[Page] That it is noxious to the Stomach (the firſt grand Laboratory of the Body) is rational to aſſert: For, as Tobacco affects the mouth with an ill ſtinking taſt, ſo the Stomach alſo goes not free, but is tainted with it; which is communicated to the Food received. Now conſidering the nature of Tobacco, as it is hot and dry, acrid, ſalt, biting, Purgative, or rather virulent, altogether medicinal, and not alimental; and this conſtantly to impregnate and tincture our nutrimental ſuccus with theſe properties and qualities; we cannot otherwiſe expect by length of time and daily uſe, but that it will ſhew its power and vertue to change and alter our Bodies; ſince it is not nutritive, but medicinal; eſtranged, and at a great diſtance from the nature of our Bodies, not fit to nouriſh, but to alter and produce ſome notable effects.

So great a ſympathy there is between the Stomach and Mouth, that the one is not affected, but the other is drawn into conſent; if the Stomach be foul, the Mouth hath an ill reliſh; and if the Mouth diſtaſts any thing, the Stomach nauſeates at it. Now this great Harmony and conſent between theſe two, ariſeth upon this accompt; the Mouth is appointed by nature the Stomachs taſter, to judge and diſcern what is fit and agreeable for the Stomach to receive; and therefore the ſame membrane which inveſts the Mouth, and is the inſtrument of taſting, does alſo line the Stomach; ſo that hereby what is pleaſant and acceptable in the Mouth, is gratefully received into the Stomach: now by this affinity and ſympathy, you may rationally conclude, that vitiating of the taſt by Tobacco, and tainting the Mouth with its ſtinking ſcent, muſt of neceſſity communicate the ſame to the Stomach, which takes Phyſick every time you take Tobacco; does mix with and infect the chile of the Stomach, and is conveyed with it into all parts of the Body; and having ſo great a medicinal power, muſt needs alter and change the Body, according to the properties it is endowed with, by the conſtant uſe, and daily reception of it.

Now Tobacco being of an acrimonious, hot, dry, &c. nature, does pervert and change the Balſamick juyces of the Body into a more ſharpe and fiery temper, and alienate them; whereby they are not ſo amicable and fit for nutrition, as many ſcorbutick Tobacconiſts do evidence upon examination, and their conſtitution changed by the evil uſe of this Plant; and it is very reaſonable to expect it, and impute ſuch alterations to the uſe thereof, ſince they are the proper effects of ſuch a Cauſe. The more remarkable diſcovery, [Page] and frequency of the Scurvy, may well and juſtly be imputed to Tobacco, ſince of latter years that Tobacco hath been in uſe, and in thoſe Countries where Tobacco is much taken, it doth abound moſt.

Although I diſcommend the uſe of Tobacco by ſmoking it, as an injurious Cuſtome, yet I highly applaud it, as very medicinal, being rightly uſed. I remember about fifteen years ſince, a Patient of mine in Derby-ſhire, fell into a great Paroxyſm of an Aſthma, almoſt to ſuffocation; I exhibited a Doſe of the Syrup of Tobacco, which gave him preſent help, and within a few hours was relieved, that he could draw his Breath with much eaſe and freedome: And about a year after, at Maxfield in Cheſhire, I cured a Gentlewoman of an Ulcer in Ano of ſeven years ſtanding, chiefly with the Ointment of Tobacco; and although other things were uſed, yet I aſcribe moſt of the Cure to that Unguent. And in many other caſes Tobacco is of good uſe, which I have experienced; but ſmoking of it I find to be hurtful, if it be cuſtomary. I ſhall not be ſo ſtrict and ſevere againſt the uſe of it, as to forbid all perſons the ſmoking it upon any ſcore whatever; for that which may be uſed at certain times as medicinal upon juſt occaſions requiring, in ſome perſons, may prove very bad and pernicious upon the conſtant and general uſe. And this is the caſe of Tobacco.

Tobacconiſts, whom cuſtome hath enſnared, and brought them to delight in it, are willing to be perſwaded and deluded, that it is good and wholeſome, at leaſt harmleſs. The pretences which they urge in defence of it, are ſuch as theſe: Some plead for it, and uſe it after Meat, as a help to Digeſtion, and therefore take it as a good remedy againſt a bad Stomach and weak Digeſtion.

To this I anſwer, They are much miſtaken herein, not diſtinguiſhing between digeſtion, and precipitation of meat out of the Stomach; digeſtion is not performed but in due time, by retexture, alteration, fermentation, and volatization of Meát; and till then, is not fit to paſs out of the Digeſtive-Office, which requires ſome hours more or leſs, according to the nature of the Food received, of facil or difficil digeſtion; now that which provokes the Stomach to a diſtribution of ſemi-digeſted Chyle, and unloading it ſelf before digeſtion be finiſhed and perfected; offers great injury to the Body; (and this is the caſe of Tobacco by its laxative ſtimulating properties) which error committed in the firſt Digeſtive-Office, is not corrected, nor the damage recompenced by the acuteneſs and [Page] Aphoriſm. ſtrong elaborations of the ſubſequent digeſtions; and for this reaſon in part, the Scurvy is procured hereby.

Some take Tobacco for refreſhment after labour, and divertiſement of ſerious thoughts, being tired with buſineſs, ſtudy and muſing. True it is, Tobacco puts a ſuſpenſion upon ſerious thoughts, and gives a relaxation for a time in ſome perſons; others contemplate, and run over their buſineſs with more delight, by the help and during the taking of a Pipe: But both theſe perſons though ſeemingly delighted and refreſhed for a ſhort time, yet afterwards the Spirits are laſſated and tired, and are more flat, dull and ſomnolent, when the Pipe is out; this was but a cheat; the Spirits were not truly refreſhed, invigorated and reinforced; as Wine does enliven and make brisk the Spirits, by affording and communicating an additional ſupply; but by the fume of Tobacco the Spirits are a little inebriated and agitated by an other motion then their own, which is a ſeeming refreſhment; and ſhort, not real, ſubſtantial and laſting.

Others plead for Tobacco, and take it as a Remedy againſt Rheume, becauſe a great dryer and exhauſter of ſuperfluous Moiſtures. To evince the Error of this Opinion, conſider what is the cauſe whereby Rheumes and crude moiſture in the Body do abound; and then you will plainly ſee, whether ſmoking Tobacco be a proper or likely Remedy to prevent or oppoſe it. Phlegm and ſuperfluous moiſture does ariſe and abound in the Body, from a deficiency and debility of the Digeſtions, as alſo impediment or impotency of the expulſive faculty, that the remainders after digeſtion be not tranſmitted by the common ductures. Now this fume of Tobacco gives no Roboration, adds no ſtrength to the digeſtive faculties, having no ſymbolical qualities to comply with, and aſſiſt them, is very plain. Alſo that ſeparation and expulſion of ſuper▪fluous moiſture by this fume, is not promoted and tranſmitted through the more commodious ductures and paſſages appointed by nature for emiſſion; onely a ſalivation by the mouth is procured, which brings no advantage, but detriment; for this Flux of moiſture doth not ariſe as critical, from the impulſion of Nature, ſeparating and protruding; but from a promiſcuous attraction of fluid moiſture, (by vertue of its acrimonious heat) as well the laudable, util ſuccus, as the degenerated and ſuperfluous; ſo that conſtantly draining the Body of this dulcid ſeroſity, muſt cauſe many inconveniencies through the want of it, in as much as it is very [Page] ſerviceable to the Body, in the integrity of its nature, but being alienated, is then reduced or vented by better means, nature concurring with the medicine: But admit this did attract only excrementitious moiſture (which it does not) yet conſidering it Vitiates the Stomach, and Impregnates the Chyle, with its evil properties, 'tis much better to forbear then to uſe it; that benefit would not recompence this injury. And further, that which is a preventing or curative remedy of ſuperfluous Moiſture, Rheume, or Phlegmatique matter, applies à Priori to the Digeſtions, the Springs from whence ſuch Effects do ariſe; not à Poſteriori to the producted matter, which this fume ſeems to pump out, but does not ſtop the Leak, is therefore no radical Medicine; and they that ſmoke Tobacco upon this accompt as a great dryer, and exhauſter of ſuperfluous moiſture, are much deceived in the expected benefit; it onely brings a current of moiſture, which ought to be expended otherwiſe, but it abates nothing in the Fountain or Springs; rather augments, and makes an overflow, (for the Reaſons aforeſaid) as Tobacconiſts do evidence by their much ſpitting.

Object. Some may ſay, I never took Tobacco, and yet I have the ſymptomes of the Scurvy as bad as any that have taken it.

Anſw▪ This may be ſo, from other great procuring cauſes; and yet Tobacco notwithſtanding may be one great procurer in other perſons. The Scurvy does not require all the procuring cauſes to concur in its production, but ſometimes one, and ſometimes another is able to do it; and although you take no Tobacco, yet perhaps your Parents did, or theirs; and it is ſufficient to make you fare the worſe; bad cuſtomes and abuſive living extends farther then the perſon ſo offending: it is tranſmitted to their Off-ſpring, as in Tutela ſanitatis.another Work I have noted in theſe words. But yet the Crime were leſs, if onely to themſelves the prejudice did extend, but alſo to Poſterity their Diſeaſes are propagated; the Children having impreſſed upon them, and radicated in the principals of their nature, the ſeminal power and productive vertue of inordinate and intemperate living of their Genitors and Progenitors, that the Children may bear witneſs to the following Age, the vice and folly of their Parents and Predeceſſors, recorded and characteriſed in them, &c.

H [...]rel y you may underſtand, that evil cuſtomes (as of ſmoking Tobacco) do not injure onely the perſon doing ſo, but the Generation after them are prejudiced: And, here by the way, we may [Page] take notice of the many Rickity Children in this latter Age, ſince the uſe of Tobacco, which Diſeaſe was not known, before the frequent uſe of it. Tobacco does enervate and debillitate the faculties, that we may rationally expect the Children from this Generation to be Scorbutick, Rickity, and more feeble then formerly.

Amurath. Amurath the Fourth of that Name, Grand Seignior of the Turkiſh Empire, put forth his Edict againſt the ſmoking of Tobacco, and made it a Capital Crime for any that ſhould ſo uſe it; the Reaſon of this ſevere Prohibition was, that it did render his People infertile: I ſhall not urge the inconvenience of Tobacco ſo far, but this I may aſſert, that it cauſeth an infirm Generation, by debilliating the Parents, and rendering them Scorbutick, which Impreſſions are carried in ſemine to their Children, and makes a diſeaſed Iſſue. And I obſerved in Virginia, being ſome time in that Colony, that the Planters who had lived long there, being great Smokers, were of a withered decayed Countenance, and very Scorbutick, being exhauſted by this imoderate fume; nor are they long-lived, but do ſhorten their dayes by the intemperate uſe of Tobacco and Brandy.

King James, that learned Philoſophical Prinde of this Nation, wiſely▪ conſidering the nature of this Plant, and having a good Stoxaſtick Head to foreſee the inconveniencies that would ariſe to his People, by the ill cuſtome of ſmoking it, he being the great Phyſician of the Body Politick, does excellently dehort his Subjects His Counterblast to Tobacco.(being tender of their future welfare) from this noxious fume, and writes an Invective againſt it; whoſe Oratory and ſolid Arguments were enough to have broken the neck of this Cuſtome, had they any regard to his kindneſs, or ſenſe of their own good, and of their Poſterity.

I might have enlarged my ſelf upon this Subject, and run over moſt Scorbutick ſymptomes, ſhewing how they are either firſt procured or aggravated by this fume: But from what hath been ſaid already, it plainly appears, that Tobacco is a great procurer and promoter of the Scurvy, in as much as many Scorbutick ſymptomes are the proper effects of ſmoking Tobacco, as laſſitude, dulneſs, ſomnolency, ſpitting, ill taſt in the mouth, &c. And although ſome few perſons either by the ſtrength of nature, do ſtrongly reſiſt the bad impreſſions it ſets upon ſeveral parts of the Body, or by the peculiarity of nature is leſs offenſive and hurtful to ſome, or brings [Page] ſome particular benefit (amongſt its many ill properties) that makes it ſeemingly good; yet inſenſibly and by time it damageth all; and thoſe few good effects in ſome few perſons are not of validity to give it a general approbation and uſe, and free it from the cenſure of a great procurer of the Scurvy, but may be juſtly reckoned in that Catalogue.

Preſervation of Health in the choice of Drinks, and Regular Drinking.

DRink for neceſſity, not for bad fellowſhip; eſpecially ſoon after meat, which hinders the due fermentation of the Stomach, and waſheth down before digeſtion be finiſhed: but after the firſt concoction, if you have a hot Stomach, a dry or coſtive Body, you may drink more freely then others: or if thirſt importunes you at any time, to ſatisfie with a moderate draught is better then to forbear.

Accuſtom youth and ſtrong Stomachs to ſmall drink; but ſtronger drink, and Wine, to the infirm and aged: it chears the Spirits, quickens the Appetite, and helps Digeſtion, moderately taken▪ but being uſed in exceſs, diſturbs the courſe of Nature, and procures many Diſeaſes: for corpulent groſs and fat Bodies, thin, hungry, abſterſive penetrating Wines are beſt, as White-Wine, Rheniſh, and ſuch like.

For lean thin Bodies; black, red and yellow Wines, ſweet, full bodied and fragrant, are more fit and agreeable; as Malaga, Muſ [...]del, Tent, Alicant, and ſuch like.

For Drink▪ whether it be wholſomer warmed than cold, is much controverted▪ ſome ſtifly contending for the one, and ſome for the ether: I ſhall rather chuſe the middle way, with limitation and diſtinction, then impoſe it upon all as a rule to be obſerved under the penalty of forfeiting their health, the obſervations of the one or the other.

There are three ſorts of perſons, one cannot drink cold Beer, the other cannot drink warm, the third, either: You that cannot drink cold Beer, to you it is hurtful, cools the Stomach, and checks [Page] it much: therefore keep to warm drink as a wholſome cuſtome: you that cannot drink warm Beer, that is, find no refreſhment, nor thirſt ſatified by it, you may drink it cold, nor is it injurious to you: you that are indifferent and can drink either, drink yours cold, or warmed, as the company does, ſince your Stomach makes no choice.

That warm drink is no bad cuſtom, but agreeable to Nature in the generality; Firſt, Becauſe it comes the neareſt to the natural temper of the Body, and ſimilia ſimilibus conſervantur, every thing is preſerved by its like, and deſtroyed by its contrary. Secondly, Though I do not hold it the principal Agent in digeſtion, yet it does excite, is auxiliary, and a neceſſary concomitant of a good digeſtion, ut ſignum & cauſa. Thirdly, Omne frigus per ſe, & pro viribus deſtruit; Cold in its own nature, and according to the graduation of its power, extinguiſheth natural heat, and is deſtructive; but per accidens, and as it is in gradu remiſſo, it may contemperate, allay, and refreſh, where heat abounds, and is exalted.

Therefore as there is variety of Palates and Stomachs liking and agreeing beſt with ſuch kind of Meats and Drinks, which to others are utterly diſguſtful, diſagreeing and injurious, though good in themſelves: ſo is it in Drink warmed or cold; what one finds a benefit in, the other receives a prejudice; at leaſt does not find that ſatisfaction and refreſhment, under ſuch a qualification; becauſe of the various natures, particular appetitions, and idioſyncratical properties of ſeveral bodies, one thing will not agree with all: Therefore he that cannot drink warm, let him take it cold, and it is well to him; but he that drinks it warm, does better. And this is to be underſtood in Winter, when the extremity of cold hath congelated Primum crater ad ſitim pertinere, ſecundum ad hilaritatem, tertium ad voluptatem, quartum ad inſaniam dixit Apuleius.and fixed the ſpirits of the Liquor in a torpid inactivity; which by a gentle warmth are unfettered, volatile and brisk; whereby the drink is more agreeable and grateful to the Stomachs fermenting heat being ſo prepared, then to be made ſo by it.

There are three ſorts of Drinkers: one drinks to ſatisfie Nature, and to ſupport his body; without which he cannot well ſubſiſt, and requires it as neceſſary to his Being. Another drinks a degree beyond this man, and takes a larger doſe, with this intention, to exhilarate and chear his mind, to baniſh cares and trouble, and help him to ſleep the better; and theſe two are lawful Drinkers. A third drinks neither for the good of the body, or the mind, but to [Page] ſtupiſie and drown both; by exceeding the former bounds, and running into exceſs, fruſtrating thoſe ends for which drink was appointed by Nature; converting this ſupport of life and health, making it a procurer of ſickneſs and untimely death.

Many ſuch there are, who drink not to ſatifie Nature, but force it down many times contrary to natural inclination; and when there is a reluctancy againſt it: as Drunkards, that pour in Liquor, not for love of the drink, or that Nature requires it by thirſt, but onely to maintain the mad frollick, and keep the Company from breaking up. Some to excuſe this intemperance, hold it as good Phyſick to be drunk once a moneth, and plead for that liberty as a wholſome cuſtome, and quote the authority of a famous Phyſician for it. Whether this Opinion be allowable, and to be admitted in the due Regiment for preſervation of Health, is fit to be examined.

Omne nimium naturae eſt inimicum. It is a Canon eſtabliſhed upon good reaſon; That every thing exceeding its juſt bounds, and golden mediocrity, is hurtful to Nature. The beſt of things are not excepted in this general rule; but are reſtrained and limited here to a due proportion. The ſupports of life may prove the procurers of death, if not qualified and made wholſome by this corrective.

Meat and drink is no longer ſuſtenance, but a load and overcharge, if they exceed the quantum due to each particular perſon; and then they are not, what they are properly in themſelves, and by the appointment of Nature, the preſervatives of life and health; but the cauſes of ſickneſs, and conſequently of death.

Drink was not appointed man, to diſcompoſe and diſorder him in all his faculties, but to ſupply, nouriſh, and ſtrengthen them. Drink exceeding its meaſure, is no longer a refreſhment, to irrigate and water the thirſty body, but makes an inundation to drown and ſuffocate the vital powers. It puts a man out of the ſtate of health, and repreſents him in ſuch a degenerate condition both in reſpect of body and mind, that we may look upon the man, as going out of the World, becauſe he is already gone out of himſelf, and ſtrangely metamorphoſed from what he was.

I never knew ſickneſs or a Diſeaſe, to be good preventing Phyſick; and to be drunk, is no other then an unſound ſtate, and the whole body out of frame by this great change. What difference is there between ſickneſs and drunkenneſs? Truly I cannot diſtinguiſh them otherwiſe then as genus and ſpecies: Drunkenneſs being a raging [Page] Diſeaſe, denominated and diſtinguiſhed from other ſickneſſes, by its procatartick or procuring cauſe, Drink.

That Drunkenneſs is a Diſeaſe or ſickneſs, will appear in that it hath all the requiſites to conſtitute a Diſeaſe, and is far diſtant from a ſtate of health: for as health is the free and regular diſcharge of all the functions of the body and mind; and ſickneſs, when the functions are not performed, or weakly and depravedly▪ then Ebriety may properly be ſaid to be a Diſeaſe or ſickneſs, becauſe it hath the ſymptoms and diagnoſtick ſigns, of an acute and great Diſeaſe: for, during the time of drunkenneſs, and ſome time after, few of the faculties perform rightly, but very depravedly and preternatually: if we examine the intellectual faculties, we ſhall find the reaſon gone, the memory loſt or much abated, and the will ſtrangely perverted: if we look into the ſenſitive faculties, they are diſordered, and their functions impedited, or performed very deficiently: the eyes do not ſee well, nor the ears hear well, nor the palate relliſh, &c. The ſpeech faulters and is imperfect; the ſtomach perhaps vomits or nauſeates; his legs fail: Indeed if we look through the whole man, we ſhall ſee all the faculties depraved, and their functions either not executed, or very diſorderly and with much deficiency.

Now according to theſe ſymptoms in other ſickneſſes, we judge a man not likely to live long; and that it is very hard he ſhould recover; the danger is ſo great from the many threatning ſymptoms that attend this ſickneſs, and prognoſticate a bad event: here is nothing appears ſalutary; but from head to foot, the Diſeaſe is prevalent in every part; which being collated▪ the ſyndrom is lethal, and judgment to be given ſo.

Surely then Drunkenneſs is a very great Diſeaſe for the time▪ but becauſe it is not uſually mortal, nor laſts long; therefore it is ſlighted, and look't upon as a trivial matter that will cure it ſelf. But now the queſtion may be asked; Why is not Drunkenneſs uſually mortal? ſince the ſame ſigns in other Diſeaſes are accounted mortal, and the event proves it ſo. To which I anſwer; All the hopes we have that a man drunk ſhould live, is; firſt, From common experience that it is not deadly: Secondly, From the nature of the primitive or procuring Cauſe, ſtrong Drink or Wine; which although it rage, and ſtrangely diſcompoſe the man for a time, yet it laſts not long, nor is mortal. The inebriating ſpirits of the liquor, flowing in ſo faſt, and joyning with the ſpirits of mans body, make ſo high [Page] a tide, that overflows all the banks and bounds of order: For, the ſpirits of mans body, thoſe agents in each faculty, act ſmoothly, regularly and conſtantly, with a moderate ſupply; but being overcharged, and forced out of their natural courſe, and exerciſe of their duty, by the large addition of furious ſpirits; ſpurs the functions into ſtrange diſorders, as if nature were conflicting with death and diſſolution; but yet it proves not mortal.

And this, firſt, becauſe theſe adventitious ſpirits are amicable and friendly to our bodies in their own nature, and therefore not ſo deadly injurious, as that which is not ſo familiar or noxious.

Secondly, Becauſe they are very volatile, light, and active; Nature therefore does much ſooner recover her ſelf, tranſpires and ſends forth the overplus received; then if the morbifick matter were more ponderous and fixed; the gravamen from thence would be much worſe and longer in removing: as an over-charge of Meat, Bread, Fruit, or ſuch like ſubſtances not ſpirituous; but dull and heavy (comparative) is of more difficult digeſtion, and layes a greater and more dangerous load upon the faculties, having not ſuch volatile brisk ſpirits to aſſiſt Nature, nor of ſo liquid a fine ſubſtance, of quicker and eaſier digeſtion: So that the ſymptoms from thence are much more dangerous, then thoſe peraeute diſtempers ariſing from Liquors. So likewiſe thoſe bad ſymptoms in other Diſeaſes are more to be feared and accounted mortal (then the like ariſing from drunkenneſs) becauſe thoſe perhaps depend upon malignant cauſes; or ſuch as by time are radicated in the body; or from the defection of ſome principal part: but the ſtorm and diſcompoſure ariſing from drunkenneſs, as it is ſuddenly raiſed, ſo commonly it ſoon falls, depending upon benign cauſes, and a ſpirituous matter, that layes not ſo great an oppeſſion; but inebriates the ſpirits, that they act very diſorderly and unwontedly; or by the ſoporiferous vertue, ſtupefies them for a time, untill they recover their agility again.

But all this while, I do not ſee, that to be drunk once a moneth, ſhould prove good Phyſick: all I think that can be ſaid in this behalf, is; that by overcharging the Stomach, vomiting is procured; and ſo carries off ſomething that was lodged there, which might breed Diſeaſes.

This is a bad excuſe for good Fellows, and a poor plea for drunkenneſs: for the gaining of one ſuppoſed benefit (which might be obtained otherwiſe) you introduce twenty inconveniences by it. I [Page] do not like the preventing of one Diſeaſe that may be, by procuring of one at the preſent certainly, and many hereafter moſt probably: and if the Diſeaſe feared, or may be, could be prevented no otherwiſe, but by this drunken means; then that might tollerate and allow it: but there are other wayes better and ſafer to cleanſe the body either upwards or downwards, then by overcharging with ſtrong drink, and making the man to unman himſelf; the evil conſequents of which are many, the benefit hoped for, but pretended; or if any, but very ſmall and inconſiderable.

And although, as I ſaid before, the drunken fit is not mortal, and the danger perhaps not great for the preſent; yet thoſe drunken bouts being repeated; the relicts do accumulate, debilitate Nature, and lay the foundation of many chronick Diſeaſes. Nor can it be expected otherwiſe; but you may juſtly conclude from the manifeſt irregular actions which appear to us externally, that the functions within alſo, and their motions are ſtrangely diſordered: for, the outward madneſs and unwonted actions, proceed from the internal impulſes, and diſordered motions of the faculties: which general diſturbance and diſcompoſure (being frequent) muſt needs ſubvert the oeconomy and government of humance Nature; and conſequently ruine the Fabrick of mans body.

The ill effects, and more eminent products of ebriety, are; firſt, A changing of the natural tone of the Stomach, and alienating the digeſtive faculty; That inſtead of a good tranſmutation of food, a degenerate Chyle is produced. Common experience tells, that after a drunken debauch, the ſtomach loſeth its appetite, and acuteneſs of digeſtion; as belching, thirſt, diſreliſh, nauſeating, do certainly teſtifie: yet to ſupport nature, and continue the cuſtom of eating, ſome food is received; but we cannot expect from ſuch a Stomach that a good digeſtion ſhould follow: and it is ſome dayes before the Stomach recover its e [...]craſy, and perform its office well: and if theſe miſcarriages happen but ſeldom, the injury is the leſs, and ſooner recompenced; but by the frequent repetition of theſe ruinous practices, the Stomach is overthrown and alienated from its integrity.

Secondly, An unwholſome corpulency and cachectick plenitude of body does follow: or a degenerate macilency, and a decayed conſumptive A Cacotrophy, or Atrophy. conſtitution. Great Drinkers that continue it long, few of them eſcape, but fall into one of theſe conditions and habit of body: for, if the Stomach diſcharge not its office aright; the ſubſequent [Page] digeſtions will alſo be defective. So great a conſent and dependance is there upon the Stomach; that other parts cannot perform their duty, if this leading principal Part be perverted and debauched: nor can it be expected otherwiſe; for, from this Laboratory and prime office of digeſtion, all the parts muſt receive their ſupply; which being not ſuteable, but depraved, are drawn into debauchery alſo, and a degenerate ſtate; and the whole Body fed with a vitious alimentary ſuccus.

Now that different products or habits of body ſhould ariſe from the ſame kind of debauchery, happens upon this ſcore. As there are different properties and conditions of bodies; ſo the reſult from the Quicquid recipitur, recipitur per modum recipi [...]ntis. Ax.ſame procuring cauſes ſhall be much different and various: one puffs up, fills, and grows hydropical; another pines away, and falls Conſumptive, from exceſs in drinking; and this proceeds from the different diſpoſition of parts: for, in ſome perſons, although the ſtomach be vitiated, yet the ſtrength of the ſubſequent digeſtions is ſo great, from the integrity and vigor of thoſe parts deſtinated to ſuch offices; that they act ſtrenuouſly, though their object matter be tranſmitted to them imperfect and degenerate; and therefore do keep the body plump and full, although the juyces be foul, and of a depraved nature. Others è contra, whoſe parts are not ſo firm and vigorous; that will not act upon any ſcore, but with their proper object; does not endeavour a tranſmutation of ſuch aliene matter, but receiving it with a nice reluctance, tranſmits it to be evacuated and ſent forth by the next convenient ducture, or emunctory: and from hence the body is fruſtrated of nutrition, and falls away: So that the pouring in of much liquor (although it be good in ſua natura) does not beget much aliment, but waſheth through the body, and is not aſſimilated.

But here ſome may object and think; That waſhing of the body through with good Liquor, ſhould cleanſe the body, and make it fit for nouriſhment, and be like good Phyſick for a foul body. But the effect proves the contrary; and it is but reaſon it ſhould be ſo: for, ſuppoſe the Liquor (whether Wine, or other) be pure and good; yet when the ſpirit is drawn off from it, the remainder is but dead, flat, thick, and a muddy flegm. As we find in the deſtillation of Wine, or other Liquors; ſo it is in mans body: the ſpirit is drawn off firſt, and all the parts of mans body are ready Receivers, and do imbibe that limpid congenerous enlivener, freely and readily: but the remainder, of greateſt proportion; that heavy, dull, phlegmy part, [Page] and of a narcotick quality; lies long fluctuating upon the digeſtions, and paſſeth but ſlowly; turns ſowr, and vitiates the Craſes of the parts: So that this great inundation, and ſuppoſed waſhing of the body, does but drown the Faculties, ſtupefie or choak the Spirits, and defile all the Parts; not purifie and cleanſe. And although the more ſubtile and thinner portion, paſſeth away in ſome perſons pretty freely by Ʋrine; yet the groſſer and worſe part ſtayes behind, and clogs in the percolation.

A third injury, and common, manifeſt prejudice from intemperate drinking, is; An imbecillity of the Nerves; which is procured from the diſorderly motions of the Animal Spirits; being impulſed and agitated preternaturally by the inebriating ſpirits of ſtrong Liquors: which vibration being frequent, begets a habit, and cauſeth a trepidation of Members.

Tranſcribed verbatim out of Doctor Maynwaring's Treatiſe Of long Life.

That it may not be ſaid to be onely one Doctors Opinion, here is added another Collection againſt Tobacco-ſmoking, written by the learned Doctor George Thompſon, in his Book Of Preſervation of the Bloud.

ABove all, I much condemn the common abuſe of Tobacco; out of which, no other ſymptomes, than a ſcorbutical Venome is accidentally ſucked. Agreeable to which Judgment of mine, is that of the Legitimate Artiſt Doctor Maynwaring, who marks where Tobacco is much taken, the Scurvy doth moſt abound: I wiſh thoſe who are too forward to condemn Chymical Preparations, ordered by true Philoſophers, would reflect upon themſelves and others, as yet ignorant of Pyrotomy, how that they are too forward in ruſhing into this Science; Indirectly making uſe of a Retort with a receiver, I mean a Pipe, and the mouth for the reduction of this Plant into Salt and Sulphur, proving not a little injurious to them. If they were conſcious how ſubtil an enemy it is, how hardly to be dealt withall, in a moderate ſenſe; how inſinuating, tempting, deluding; how diſagreeing to nature, as is manifeſt at firſt taking it, pretending an evacuation onely of a ſuperfluous moiſture, when [Page] it alſo generates the ſame; how it wrongs the Ventricle, by reaſon of a continuity of its membrane, with that of the mouth; how it taints the nutricious Juyce; how it dozes the Brain, impairing its Faculties, eſpecially the memory: They would quickly commit this Herb to the hand of thoſe that know what belongs to the right management and improvement thereof.

I confeſs it hath a Dowry beſtowed upon it, which may make it very acceptable to all ingenious Artiſts, for inward and outward uſes; yet as the matter is handled indiſcreetly, I know nothing introduced into this Nation hath diſcovered it ſelf more apparently hurtful, in aggravating and graduating this ſcorbutical evil among us then Tobacco.

I am not ignorant what ſome Object, That there are thoſe who taking an extraordinary quantity of Tobacco, have lived a to great age, as Sixty or Seventy Years. 2. That multitudes not taking this fume, are yet notwithſtanding over-run with the Scurvy. 3. That ſome have proteſted, they have received certain benefit by this Plant, when other Remedies preſcribed by able Phyſitians have been invalid to relieve them. 4. That there are places where Man, Woman and Child, take in this Smoke, none of theſe ſad effects appearing.

As to the firſt, I anſwer, One Swallow makes no Summer; I reckon this among raro contingentia: I have known one very intemperate in Diet, live to the fore-mentioned age; but doubtleſs had he Regulated himſelf according to the Rules of Mediocrity, he might have doubled that age. Innate Strength of Body doth carry a man ſometimes through that, without any great damage, which deſtroys another.

2. I do not affirm, that this Vegetable is the ſole Co-adjuvant cauſe of the Scurvy, it being certain there are many Promoters thereof. Beſides, yet granted that your great Compotators, Ventricolae, Gormandizers, who have as the Grecians [...], Lazy panches, little elſe to do but to take Tobacco, to paſs away the time; filling Pipe after Pipe, as faſt as poſſible they can exhauſt it, are commonly incident to this feral Malady. Hereupon this very ſame ſpecifick Diſeaſe may be diffuſed and communicated to others, by expiration or ffluvium, ſent out of a Body infected therewith, ſo that it ſeems rare to me, that the Wife ſhould be exempted from this Cacoettick Sickneſs, if the Husband be afflicted therewith; or the Husband be free, if the Wife be vexed: Doubtleſs [Page] ſome Peoples Breath doth exceedingly taint the Air, to the great annoyance of others.

3. I condemn not medicinal appropriation and application of this Drug, for I know it to be of excellent Vertue: There is great difference, Inter dictum ſecundum quid & dictum ſimpliciter, between the cenſure of any thing as abſolutely evil, and the indirect practiſe of it: Moreover, what is one man's Meat, may be anothers Poyſon.

4. The generality of ſmoking it in ſome places, without thoſe ill effects we find, doth not at all fruſtrate my aſſertion: For I have obſerved a more moderate courſe of life in Diet, the goodneſs of the Air, with an hereditary Cuſtome, hath in great meaſure ballanced the nocument or inconveniences, which otherwiſe they would have contracted by exceſs thereof; neither are theſe numerous Tobacconiſts acquitted from this evil, as it appears by thoſe frequent eruptions in the skin, whereby a greater miſchief is prevented within, they being only effloreſcences of a ſcorbutical pravity.

There are, as I apprehend, two principal Reaſons to be given, why this Weed hath captivated ſo many Thouſands in ſuch ſort, that they become meer Slaves to it.

One is, the ſeeming delight it affords in the preſent taking thereof, inducing a pleaſing bewitching melancholy, exceedingly affecting their Fancies, ſo that they could wiſh with him in the Poet, Hic furor, ô ſuperi, ſit mihi perpetuus, O that I might alwayes thus melancholize; not conſidering though the Prologue be chearful, the Epilogue is often ſad; though the Spirits are as it were titillated, and charmed into a ſweet complacency for a ſhort ſpace; yet afterward a dulneſs, gloomineſs, ſeizes upon them; indeed, how can it be otherwiſe, ſeeing they are but forcibly lulled into this ſecure placid Condition, by that which is as far remote from the Vitals, as the Beams of the Sun are from a black Cloud.

I find in this Smoke, a ſtinking, retunding, condenſing Opiatelike Sulphur, and an acrid Salt, profligating, extimulating, ſo that by the bridling much of the one, and the exceſſive ſpurring of the other; the ſpirits, like a free metalſome Horſe, are quite tired out at laſt: It is impoſſible that the frequent inſinuations of this ſubtil fume, making ſhew of affinity, but quite of another tribe with the animals, ſhould not at length (let a body be never ſo ſtrong, and cuſtom how ever prevalent) either pervert or ſubvert his well conſtituted frame.

[Page] Another Reaſon (obſervable only by thoſe that are true Gnoſticks of themſelves) why Tobacco is ſo highly ſet by, and hath ſo many Followers; is its meretricious kiſſes, given to thoſe that embrace it: oftentimes ſecretly wounding them mortally, yet are they not throughly ſenſible who gave them the ſtroke. I have taken notice of very temperate Perſons in other things, who, for diverſion, have indulged their genious, ad Hilaritatem, continuing for urbanityſake in Company they liked, longer then ordinary, have ſo cloſely purſued this pernicious Art of ſucking in the ſmoke of this Herb, that never any Chymiſt was more ſolicitous, in greater haſt to fetch his matters over the Helm by Diſtillation: Behold what the event was! the next morning I have heard complaints come from them, that their Brains were ſomething ſtupid, dozed, their Stomach nauſeous, being thirſty, alſo feaveriſh: All this they attribute to their tranſgreſſing limits of Sobriety in drinking, or to the ſophiſticated adulterated Liquors, not finding the leaſt fault with the extravagant uſe of Tobacco, which above all did them the moſt hurt privately: Something I can ſpeak experimentally to this purpoſe, for having been wedded to it many years paſt, ſuppoſing I had got an Antidote againſt Hypochondriack melancholy with an Apophlegmatiſm, to diſcharge crude matter; I applauded it in all Company, without advertency at that time, how falſe and treacherous it was, which afterward perceiving, I withdrew my ſelf from the uſe thereof by degrees, at length was altogether divorced from it.

Praeviſa ſpicula levius feriunt; Could we ſee the poyſoned Arrows that are ſhot from this Plant, queſtionleſs we would indeavour to avoid them, that they might leſs intoxicate us.

Latet anguis in Herba; We are ſuddenly ſurprized by this Serpentine Plant, before we are aware; thus that which we take for an Antidote, becomes meer Poyſon to us, ſupplanting and clancularly confounding the [...], or good government of this Republick, conſiſting in the ſtrength and goodneſs of a ſeminal Archeus, vigorous ferments, the juſt conſtitution and harmony of every part. Needs muſt then Indigeſtions, Crudities, Degeneration and Illegitimation of the nutricious juyce follow, promoting Cauſes and products of the great Poyſon of the Scurvy.

My advice therefore to any immoderate [...], a Fumeſucker, is, That he would, as he tenders the Salvation of Body and Soul, wean himſelf by degrees from exceſs herein; If ſo, doubtleſs he will find if the Scurvy infeſt him much, an abatement of the tedious ſymptoms therefore.

[Page] Such as are ſo accuſtomed to Tobacco, that they cannot forbear it, let what can be ſaid againſt it; So that neither the good and ſolid Perſwaſions of a great, wiſe, and learned King, nor the wholſome and rational Arguments of two able and skilful Phyſicians, will be of force to prevail with them:

My Advice to ſuch is, while they take it, To meditate on this Poem following, by which they may be able to make this double ſpiritual uſe of it, Viz.

I. To ſee the Vanity of the World.

II. The Mortality of Mankind.

Which, I think, is the beſt uſe can be made of it and the Pipe, &c.

The Indian Weed withered quite,

Green at Noon, cut down at Night;

Shews Thy decay, all Fleſh is hay:

Thus think, then drink Tobacco.

The Pipe that is ſo lilly-white,

Shews Thee to be a mortal Wight,

And even ſuch gone with a touch:

Thus think, then drink Tobacco.

And when the Smoke aſcends on high,

Think thou behold'ſt the Vanity

Of worldly ſtuff, gone with a puff:

Thus think, then drink Tobacco.

And when the Pipe grows foul within,

Think on thy Souldefil'd with Sin,

And then the Fire it doth require:

Thus think, then drink Tobacco.

The Aſhes that are left behind

May ſerve to put thee ſtill in mind,

That unto Duſt return thou muſt:

Thus think, then drink Tobacco.

Anſwered by George Withers thus,

Thus think, drink no Tobacco.

Woe to Drunkards: A SERMON Preached many Years ſince By Mr. Samuel Ward, PREACHER OF IPSWICH.

[Page]

PROV. 23. Verſe 29, 32.

To whom is Woe? to whom is Sorrow? to whom is Strife? &c.

In the end it will bite like a Serpent, and ſting like a Cockatrice.

Eſay 2. SEer, art thou alſo blind? Watchman, art thou alſo drunk, or aſleep? Or hath a Spirit of ſlumber put out thine Eyes? Up to thy Watch-Tower, what deſcrieſt thou? Ah Lord! what end or number is there of the Vanities which mine Eyes are weary of beholding? But what ſeeſt thou? I ſee men walking like the tops [Page] of Trees ſhaken with the wind, like Maſts of Ships reeling on the tempeſtuous Seas. Drunkenneſs, I mean, that hateful Nightbird; which was wont to wait for the twilight, to ſeek Nooks and Corners, to avoid the howling and wonderment of Boys and Girls; Now as if it were ſome Eaglet to dare the Sun-light, to fly abroad at high Noon in every Street, in open Markets and Fairs, without fear or ſhame, without controul or puniſhment, to the diſgrace of the Nation, the out-facing of Magiſtracy and Miniſtry, the utter undoing (without timely prevention) of Health and Wealth, Piety and Vertue, Town and Countrey, Church and Common-wealth. And doeſt thou like a dumb Dog hold thy peace at theſe things, doſt thou with Solomon's ſluggard fold thine hands in thy Boſome, and give thy ſelf to eaſe and drowſineſs, while the envious man cauſeth the noiſomeſt and baſeth of weeds to over-run the choiſeſt Eden of God? Up and Ariſe, lift up thy Voice, ſpare not, and cry aloud? What ſhall I cry? Cry, woe and woe Eſay 5. 11, 22. Eſay 28. 1. Joe▪ 1. 5. Hab 2. James 5.again unto the Crown of pride, the Drunkards of Ephraim. Take up a parable, and tell them how it ſtingeth like the Cockatrice; declare unto them the deadly poyſon of this odious ſin. Shew them alſo the ſoveragin Antidote and Cure of it, in the Cup that was drunk off by him, that was able to overcome it: Cauſe them to behold the braſen Serpent, and be healed. And what though ſome of theſe deaf Adders will not be charmed nor cured, yea though few or none of this ſwiniſh herd of habitual Drunkards, accuſtomed to wallow in their mire; yea, deeply and irrecoverably plunged by legions of Devils into the dead ſea of their filthineſs; what if not one of them will be waſhed, and made clean, but turn again to their Vomit, and trample the Pearls of all admonition under feet; yea, turn again, and rend their Reprovers with ſcoffs and ſcorns, making Jeſts and Songs on their Alebench: Yet may ſome young ones be deterred, and ſome Novices reclaimed, ſome Parents and Magiſtrates awakened to prevent and ſuppreſs the ſpreading of this Gangrene: And God have his work in ſuch as belong to his Grace. And what is impoſſible to the work of his Grace?

Go to then now ye Drunkards, liſten not what I, or any ordinary Hedge-Prieſt (as you ſtyle us) but that moſt wiſe and experienced Royal Preacher hath to ſay unto you. And becauſe you are a dull and thick eared Generation, he firſt deals with you by way of queſtion, a figure of force and impreſſion. To whom is woe? &c. You uſe to ſay, Woe be to Hypocrites. It's true, woe be to ſuch and [Page] all other witting and willing ſinners; but there are no kind of Offenders [...]. Baſil.on whom woe doth ſo palpably inevitably attend as to you Drunkards. You promiſe your ſelves Mirth, Pleaſure, and Jollity in your Cups; but for one drop of your mad mirth, be ſure of Gallons, and Tuns of Woe, Gall, Wormwood, and bitterneſs here and hereafter. Other Sinners ſhall taſte of the Cup, but you ſhall drink off the dregs of God's Wrath and Diſpleaſure. To whom is Strife: You talk of good fellowſhip and friendſhip, but Wine is a rager and tumultuous make-bate, and ſets you a quarreling, and medling. When wit's out of the head and ſtrength out of the body, it thruſts even Cowards and Daſtards, unfenced and unarmed, into needleſs Frayes and Combats. And then to whom are Wounds, broken Heads, blue Eyes, maimed Limbs? You have a drunken by-word, Drunkards take no harm; but how many are the miſhaps and untimely misfortunes that betide ſuch, which though they feel not in drink, they carry as marks and brands to their Grave. You pretend you drink Healths, and for Health; but to whom are all kind of Diſeaſes, Infirmities, Deformities, pearled Faces, Palſies, Dropſies, Head-aches? If not to Drunkards.

Upon theſe premiſes, he forcibly infers his ſober and ſerious adviſe. Look upon theſe woful effects and evils of Drunkenneſs, and look not upon the Wine; look upon the blue Wounds, upon the red Eyes it cauſeth, and look not on the red colour when it ſparkleth in the Cup. If there were no worſe then theſe, yet would no wiſe man be overtaken with Wine: As if he ſhould ſay, What ſee you in the Cup or Drink, that countervaileth theſe dreggs that lie in the bottom. Behold, this is the Sugar you are to look for, and the tang it leaves behind. Woe and alas, ſorrow and ſtrife, ſhame, poverty and diſeaſes; theſe are enough to make it odious, but that which followeth withall, will make it hideous and fearful. For Solomon duely conſidering that he ſpeaks to men paſt ſhame and [...] A chari [...]o chena [...]haſh, veche Siphgnoni i [...]phreſh; noviſſimo tanquam Scrpens morde [...]i [...], & tanq [...] regulus punget Montanus & Mercerus; tanquam haemorrhois vel dipſas, Tremelius.grace, ſenſeleſs of blowes, and therefore much more of reaſons and words, inſiſteth not upon theſe petty woes; which they, bewitched and beſotted with the love of Wine, will eaſily over-ſee and over-leap: but ſets before their Eyes the direful end and fruit, the black and poyſonful tail of this ſin. In the end it ſtingeth like the Serpent, it biteth like the Cockatrice, (or Adder) ſaith our new Tranſlation.

[Page] All Interpreters agree, That he means ſome moſt virulent Serpent, whoſe Poyſon is preſent and deadly. All the woes he hath mentioned before, were but as the ſting of ſome Emmet, Waſpe, or Nettle, in compariſon of this Cockatrice which is even unto death; death ſpeedy, death painful, and woful death, and that as naturally and inevitably, as Opium procureth ſleep, as Hellebore purgeth, or any Poyſon killeth.

Three forked is this ſting, and three-fold is the death it procureth to all that are ſtrung therewith. The firſt is, the death of Grace; The ſecond is, of the Body: The third is, of Soul and Body eternal. All ſin is the poyſon wherewithall the old Serpent and red Dragon envenomes the ſoul óf Man, but no ſin (except it be that which is unto death) ſo mortal as this, which though not ever unpardonably, yet for the moſt part is alſo irrecoverably and inevitably unto death. Seeſt thou one bitten with any other Snake, there is hope and help: as the Father ſaid of his Son, when he had information of his Gaming, of his Prodigality, yea, of his Whoring: But when he heard that he was poyſoned with Drunkenneſs, he gave him for dead, his caſe for deſperate and forlorn. Age and experience often cures the other; but this encreaſeth with years, and parteth not till death. Whoring is a deep Ditch, yet ſome few ſhall a man ſee return and lay hold on the wayes of life, one of a thouſand, but ſcarce one Drunkard of ten-thouſand. One Ambroſe mentions, and one have I known; and but one of all that ever I knew or heard of. Often have I been asked, and often have I enquired, but never could meet with an inſtance, ſave one or two at the moſt. I ſpeak of Drunkards, not of one drunken; of ſuch who rarely and caſually have Noah-like been ſurpriſed, over-taken at unawares: But if once a Cuſtome, ever Neceſſity. Wine takes away the Heart, and ſpoils the Brain, overthrows the Faculties and Organs of Repentance and Reſolution. And is it not juſt with God, that he who will put out his natural light, ſhould have his ſpiritual extinguiſhed? He that will deprive himſelf of Reaſon, ſhould loſe alſo the Guide and Pilot of Reaſon, God's Spirit and Grace: He that will wittingly and willingly make himſelf an Habitation of Unclean Spirits, ſhould not diſpoſſeſs them at his own pleaſure? Moſt aptly therefore is it tranſlated by Tremelius Haemorrhois, which Geſner confounds with the Dipſas, or thirſty Serpent, whoſe poyſon breedeth ſuch thirſt, drought, and inflamation; like that of Ratsbane, that they never leave drinking, till they burſt and die withall. Would [Page] it not grieve and pitty, any Chriſtian-ſoul, to ſee a towardly hopeful young man, well natured, well nurtured, ſtung with this Cockatrice, bewailing his own caſe, crying out againſt the baſeneſs of the ſin, inveighing againſt Company, melting under the perſwaſions of Friends; yea, proteſting againſt all enticements, vow, covenant, and ſeriouſly indent with himſelf and his Friends for the relinquiſhing of it. And yet if he meet with a Companion that holds but up his Finger, he follows him as a Fool to the Stocks, and as an Oxe to the Slaughter-houſe, having no Power to withſtand the Temptation; but in he goes with him to the Tipling-houſe, not conſidering that the Chambers are the Chambers of Death, and the Gueſts, the Gueſts of Death; and there he continues as one bewitched, or conjured in a Spell; out of which he returns not, till he hath emptied his Purſe of Money, his Head of Reaſon, and his Heart of all his former ſeeming Grace. There his Eyes behold the ſtrange Woman, his Heart ſpeaketh perverſe things, becoming heartleſs, as one (ſaith Solomon) in the heart of the Sea, reſolving to continue, and return to his Vomit, whatſoever it coſt him, to make it his daily work. I was ſick, and knew it not: I was ſtruck, and felt it not; when I awake, I will ſeek it ſtill. And why indeed (without a Miracle) ſhould any expect that one ſtung with this Viper ſhould ſhake it off, and ever recover of it again. Yea, ſo far are they from recovering themſelves, that they infect and become contagious and peſtilent to all they come near. The Dragon infuſing his Venome, and aſſimulating his Elfes to himſelf in no ſin ſo much as in this, that it becomes as good as Meat and Drink to them, to ſpend their Wit and Money to compaſs Ale-houſe after Ale-houſe; yea, Town after Town, to transform others with their Circean-Cups, till they have made them Bruits and Swine, worſe then themſelves. The Adulterer and Uſurer deſire to enjoy their Sin alone; but the chiefeſt paſtime of a Drunkard is to heat and overcome others with Wine, that he may diſcover their nakedneſs and glory in their foyl and folly. In a word, exceſs of Wine, and the ſpirit of Grace are oppoſites; the former expels the latter out of the Heart, as ſmoke doth Bees out of the Hive: and makes the man a meer Slave and Prey to Satan and his ſnares; when, by this Poyſon, he hath put out his Eyes, and ſpoyled him of his ſtrength, he uſeth him as the Philiſtins did Sampſon, leads him in a ſtring whither he pleaſeth, like a very drudge, ſcorn, and make-ſport to himſelf and his Imps; makes him grind in the Mill of all kind of [Page] Sins and Vices. And that I take to be the reaſon why Drunkenneſs is not ſpecially prohibited in any one of the Ten Commandments, becauſe it is not the ſingle breach of any one, but in effect the violation of all and every one: It is no one ſin, but all ſins, becauſe it is the In-let and Sluce to all other Sins. The Devil having moiſtened, and ſteeped him in his Liquor; ſhapes him like ſoft Clay, into what mould he pleaſeth: having ſhaken off his Rudder and Pilot, daſhes his Soul upon what Rocks, Sands, and Syrts he liſteth, and that with as much eaſe as a man may puſh down his Body with the leaſt thruſt of his Hand or Finger. He that in his right wits, and ſober mood, ſeems religious, modeſt, chaſt, courteous, ſecret; in his drunken fits, ſwears, blaſphemes, rages, ſtrikes, talks filthily, blabs all ſecrets, commits folly, knows no difference of Perſons or Sexes, becomes wholly at Satans command, as a dead Organ, to be enacted at his will and pleaſure. Oh that God would be pleaſed to open the Eyes of ſome Drunkard, to ſee what a Dunghill and Carrion his Soul becomes, and how loathſome effects follow upon thy ſpiritual death, and ſting of this Cockatrice, which is the Fountain of the other two following, temporal and eternal death!

And well may it be, that ſome ſuch as are altogether fearleſs and careleſs of the former death, will yet tremble, and be moved with that which I ſhall in the ſecond place tell them. Among all other ſins that are, none brings forth bodily death ſo frequently as this, none ſo ordinarily ſlays in the act of ſin as this. And what can be more horrible then to die in the act of a Sin, without the act of Repentance? I pronounce no definitive Sentence of Damnation upon any particular ſo dying, but what door of hope or comfort is left to their Friends behind of their Salvation? The Whore-Maſter he hopes to have a ſpace and time to repent in age, though ſometimes it pleaſeth God that death ſtrikes Cozbi and Zimri napping, as the Devil is ſaid to ſlay one of the Popes in the inſtant of his Adultery, and carry him quick to Hell. The Swearer and Blaſphemer hath commonly ſpace, though ſeldom Grace, to repent and amend: and ſome rare examples ſtories afford, of ſome taken with Oaths and Blaſphemies in their mouths. The Thief and Oppoſſor may live, and repent, and make reſtitution, as Zacheus: though I have ſeen one ſlain right-out with the Timber he ſtole half an hour before; and heard of one that having ſtoln a Sheep, and laying it down upon a ſtone to reſt him, was grin'd and hang'd with the ſtrugling [Page] of it about his Neck. But theſe are extraordinary and rare caſes: God ſometimes practiſing Marſhal-Law, and doing preſent execution, leſt Fools ſhall ſay in their Hearts, There were no God, or Judgment: but conniving and deferring the moſt, that men might expect a Judge coming, and a ſolemn day of Judgment to come. But this ſin of Drunkenneſs is ſo odious to him, that he makes it ſelf Juſtice, Judge and Executioner, ſlaying the ungodly with miſfortune, bringing them to untimely ſhameful ends, in brutiſh and beaſtial manner, often in their own vomit and ordure; ſending them ſottiſh, ſleeping, and ſenſeleſs to Hell, not leaving them either time, or reaſon, or grace to repent, and cry ſo much as Lord have mercy upon us. Were there (as in ſome Cities of Italy) an Office kept, or a Record and Regiſter by every Coroner in Shires and Counties, of ſuch diſmal events which God hath avenged this ſin withall, what a Volume would it have made within theſe few years in this our Nation? How terrible a Threater of God's Judgments againſt Drunkards, ſuch as might make their Hearts to bleed and relent, if not their Ears to tingle, to hear of a taſte of ſome few ſuch noted and remarkable Examples of God's Juſtice, as have come within the compaſs of mine own notice, and certain knowledge; I think I ſhould offend to conceal them from the World, whom they may happily keep from being the like to others, themſelves.

An Ale-wife in Keſgrave, near to Ipſwich, who would needs force three Serving-men (that had been drinking in her Houſe, and were taking their leaves) to ſtay and drink the three Outs firſt, that is, Wit out of the Head, Money out of the Purſe, Ale out of the Pot; as ſhe was coming towards them with the Pot in her hand, was ſuddenly taken ſpeechleſs and ſick, her Tongue ſwoln in her mouth, never recovered ſpeech, the third day after died. This Sir Anthony Felton, the next Gentleman and Juſtice, with divers others Eye-witneſſes of her in Sickneſs related to me; whereupon I went to the Houſe with two or three Witneſſes, and inquired the truth of it.

Two Servants of a Brewer in Ipſwich, drinking for a rumpe of a Turkie, ſtrugling in their drink for it, fell into a ſcading Caldron backwards: whereof the one died preſently, the other lingringly and painfully ſince my coming to Ipſwich.

Anno 1619. A Miller in Bromeſwell, coming home drunk from Woodbridge (as he oft did) would needs go and ſwim in the Milpond: [Page] his Wife and Servants knowing he could not ſwim, diſſwaded him, once by intreaty got him out of the water, but in he would needs go again, and there was drowned: I was at the houſe to inquire of this, and found it to be true.

In Barnewell, near to Cambridge, one at the Sign of the Plough, a luſty young man, with two of his Neighbours, and one Woman in their Company, agreed to drink a Barrel of ſtrong Beer; they drank up the Veſſel, three of them dyed within twenty four hours, the fourth hardly eſcaped after great ſickneſs. This I have under a Juſtice of Peace his Hand near dwelling, beſides the common fame.

A Butcher in Haſtingfield hearing the Miniſter inveigh againſt Drunkenneſs, being at his Cups in the Ale-houſe, fell a jeſting and ſcoffing at the Miniſter and his Sermons: And as he was drinking, the Drink, or ſomething in the Cup, quackled him, ſtuck ſo in his Throat, that he could get it neither up nor down, but ſtrangled him preſently.

At Tillingham in Dengy Hundred in Eſſex, three young men meeting to drink Strong waters, fell by degrees to half-pints: One fell dead in the Room, and the other prevented by Company coming in, eſcaped not without much ſickneſs.

At Bungey in Norfolk, three coming out of an Ale-houſe in a very dark Evening, ſwore, they thought it was not darker in Hell it ſelf: One of them fell off the Bridge into the water, and was drowned; the ſecond fell off his Horſe, the third ſleeping on the Ground by the Rivers-ſide, was frozen to death: This have I often heard, but have no certain ground for the truth of it it.

A Bayliff of Hadly, upon the Lords-day, being drunk at Melford, would needs get upon his Mare, to ride through the Street, affirming (as the Report goes) That [...] Mare would carry him to the Devil; His Mare caſts him off, and broke his Neck inſtantly. Reported by ſundry ſufficient Witneſſes.

Company drinking in an Ale-houſe at Harwich in the night, over againſt one Maſter Ruſsels, and by him out of his Window once or twice willed to depart; at length he came down, and took one of them, and made as if he would carry him to Priſon, who drawing his Knife, fled from him, and was three days after taken out of the Sea with the Knife in his hand. Related to me by Maſter Ruſsel himſelf, Mayor of the Town.

[Page] At Tenby in Pembrokeſhire, a Drunkard being exceeding drunk, broke himſelf all to pieces off an high and ſteep Rock, in a moſt fearful manner; and yet the occaſion and circumſtances of his fall were ſo ridiculous, as I think not fit to relate, leſt, in ſo ſerious a Judgment, I ſhould move laughter to the Reader.

A Glaſier in Chancery-Lane in London▪ noted formerly for Profeſſion, fell to a common courſe of drinking, whereof being oft by his Wife and many Chriſtian friends admoniſhed, yet preſuming much of God's mercy to himſelf, continued therein, till, upon a time, having ſurcharged his Stomach with drink, he fell a vomiting, broke a Vein, lay two days in extreme pain of Body, and diſtreſs of Mind, till in the end recovering a little comfort, he died: Both theſe Examples related to me by a Gentleman of worth upon his own knowledge.

Four ſundry inſtances of Drunkards wallowing and tumbling in their drink, ſlain by Carts; I forbear to mention, becauſe ſuch examples are ſo common and ordinary.

A Yeoman's Son in Northamptonſhire, who being drunk at Wellingborough on a Market-day, would needs ride his Horſe in a bravery over the plowed-lands, fell from his Horſe, and brake his Neck: Reported to me by a Kinſman of his own.

A Knight notoriouſly given to Drunkenneſs, carrying ſometime Payls of drink into the open Field, to make people drunk withall; being upon a time drinking with Company, a woman comes in, delivering him a Ring with this Poſie, Drink and die; ſaying to him, This is for you; which he took and wore, and within a week after came to his end by drinking: Reported by ſundry, and juſtified by a Miniſter dwelling within a mile of the place.

Two Examples have I known of Children that murthered their own Mothers in drink; and one notorious Drunkard that attempted to kill his Father; of which being hindred, he fired his Barn, and was afterward executed: one of theſe formerly in Print.

At a Tavern in Breadſtreet in London, certain Gentlemen drinking Healths to their Lords, on whom they had dependance; one deſperate Wretch ſteps to the Tables end, lays hold on a pottle-pot full of Canary-ſack, ſwears a deep Oath; What will none here drink a health to my noble Lord and Maſter? and ſo ſetting the pottle-pot to his mouth, drinks it off to the bottom; was not able to riſe up, or to ſpeak when he had done, but fell into a deep ſnoaring ſleep, and being removed, laid aſide, and covered by one of the [Page] Servants of the Houſe, attending the time of the drinking, was within the ſpace of two hours irrecoverably dead: Witneſſed at the time of the Printing hereof by the ſame Servant that ſtood by him in the Act, and helpt to remove him.

In Dengy Hundred, near Mauldon, about the beginning of his Majeſties Reign, there fell out an extraordinary Judgment upon five or ſix that plotted a ſolemn drinking at one of their Houſes, laid in Beer for the once, drunk healths in a ſtrange manner, and died thereof within a few weeks, ſome ſooner, and ſome later: witneſſed to me by one that was with one of them on his deathbed, to demand a Debt, and often ſpoken of by Maſter Heydon, late Preacher of Mauldon, in the hearing of many: The particular circumſtances were exceeding remarkable, but having not ſufficient proof for the particulars, I will not report them.

One of Ayl [...]ſham in Norfolk, a notorious Drunkard, drowned in a ſhallow Brook of water, with his Horſe by him.

Whileſt this was at the Preſſe, a man Eighty five years old, or thereabout, in Suffolk, overtaken with Wine, (though never in all his life before, as he himſelf ſaid a little before his fall, ſeeming to bewail his preſent condition, and others that knew him ſo ſay of him) yet going down a pair of ſtairs (againſt the perſwaſion of a woman ſitting by him in his Chamber) fell, and was ſo dangerouſly hurt, as he died ſoon after, not being able to ſpeak from the time of his fall to his death.

The Names of the Parties thus puniſhed, I forbear for the Kindreds ſake yet living.

If conſcionable Miniſters of all places of the Land would give notice of ſuch Judgments, as come within the compaſs of their certain knowledge, it might be a great means to ſuppreſs this Sin, which reigns every where to the ſcandal of our Nation, and high diſpleaſure of Almighty God.

Theſe may ſuffice for a taſt of God's Judgments: Eaſie were it to abound in ſundry particular Caſualties, and fearful Examples of this nature. Drunkard, that which hath befaln any one of theſe, may befal thee, if thou wilt dally with this Cockatrice; what ever leagues thou makeſt with Death, and diſpenſations thou giveſt thy ſelf from the like. Some of theſe were young, ſome were rich, ſome thought themſelves as wiſe thou; none of them ever looked for ſuch ignominious ends, more then thou, who ever thou art: if thou hateſt ſuch ends, God give thee Grace to decline ſuch courſes.

[Page] If thou beeſt yet inſenſate with Wine, void of Wit and Fear, I know not what further to mind thee of, but of that third, and worſt ſting of all the reſt, which will ever be gnawing, and never dying: which if thou wilt not fear here; ſure thou art to feel there, when the Red Dragon hath gotten thee into his Den, and ſhalt fill thy Soul with the gall of Scorpions, where thou ſhalt yell and howl for a drop of water to cool thy Tongue withall, and ſhalt be denied ſo ſmall a refreſhing, and have no other liquor to allay thy thirſt, but that which the lake of Brimſtone ſhall afford thee. And that worthily, for that thou▪wouldeſt incur the wrath of the Lamb for ſo baſe and ſordid a ſin as Drunkenneſs, of which thou mayeſt think as venially and ſlightly as thou wilt. But Paul that knew the danger 1 Cor. 6. 10.of it, gives thee fair warning, and bids thee not deceive thy ſelf, expreſly, and by name mentioning it among the mortal ſins, excluding from the Kingdom of Heaven. And the Prophet Eſay Eſay 5. 14.tells thee, That for it Hell hath enlarged it ſelf, opened its mouth wide, and without meaſure; and therefore ſhall the multitude and their pomp, and the jollyeſt among them deſcend into it. Conſider this, you that are ſtrong to pour in drink, that love to drink ſorrow and care away: And be you well aſſured, that there you ſhall drink enough for all, having for every drop of your former Bouſings, Vials, yea, whole Seas of God's Wrath, never to be exhauſt.

Now then I appeal from your ſelves in drink, to your ſelves in your ſober fits. Reaſon a little the caſe, and tell me calmly, would you for your own, or any mans pleaſure, to gratifie Friend or Companion, if you knew there had been a Toad in the wine-pot (as twice I have known happened to the death of Drinkers) or did you think that ſome Caeſar Borgia, or Braſutus had tempered the Cup; or did you ſee but a Spider in the Glaſs, would you, or durſt you carouſe it off? And are you ſo ſimple to fear the Poyſon that can kill the Body, and not that which killeth the Soul and Body ever; yea, for ever and ever, and if it were poſſible for more then for ever, for evermore? Oh thou vain Fellow, what telleſt thou me of friendſhip, or good fellowſhip, wilt thou account him thy Friend, or good Fellow, that draws thee into his company, that he may poyſon thee? and never thinks he hath given thee right entertainment, or ſhewed thee kindneſs enough, till he hath killed thy Soul with his kindneſs, and with Beer made thy Body a Carkaſs fit for the Biere, a laughing and loathing ſtock, not to Boys and [Page] Girls alone, but to Men and Angels. Why rather ſayeſt thou not to ſuch, What have I to do with you, ye Sons of Belial, ye poyſonful Generation of Vipers, that hunt for the precious life of a man? Oh but there are few good Wits, or great Spirits now a-days, but will Pot it a little for company. What hear I? Oh baſe and lowſpirited times, if that were true! If we were faln into ſuch Lees of Time foretold of by Seneca, in which all were ſo drowned in the dregs of Vices, that it ſhould be vertue and honour to bear moſt drink. But thanks be to God, who hath reſerved many thouſands of men, and without all compariſon more witty and valorous then ſuch Pot-wits, and Spirits of the Buttery, who never bared their knees to drink health, nor ever needed to whet their Wits with Wine; or arm their courage with Pot-harneſs. And if it were ſo, yet if no ſuch Wits or Spirits ſhall ever enter into Heaven without Repentance, let my Spirit never come and enter into their Paradiſe; ever abhor to partake of their bruitiſh pleaſures, leſt I partake of their endleſs woes. If young Cyrus could refuſe to drink Wine, and tell Aſtyages, He thought it to be Poyſon, for he ſaw it metamorphoſe men into Beaſts and Carcaſes: what would he have ſaid, if he had known that which we may know, that the wine of Deut. 32. 32.Drunkards is the wine of Sodom and Gomorrah; their grapes, the grapes of gall, their cluſters, the cluſters of bitterneſs, the Juyce of Dragons, and the venome of Aſps. In which words, Moſes is a full Commentary upon Solomon, largely expreſſing that he ſpeaks here more briefly; It ſtings like the Serpent, and bites like the Cockatrice: To the which I may not unfitly add that of Pauls, and think I ought to write of ſuch with more paſſion and compaſſion, then he did of the Chriſtians in his time, which ſure were not ſuch Monſters as ours in the ſhapes of Chriſtians, Whoſe God is their Belly, (whom they ſerve with Drink-Offerings) whoſe glory is their ſhame, and whoſe end is damnation.

What then, take we pleaſure in thundering out Hell againſt Drunkards? is there nothing but death and damnation to Drunkards? Nothing elſe to them, ſo continuing, ſo dying. But what is there no help nor hope, no Amulet, Antidote or Triacle, are there no Preſidents found of Recovery? Ambroſe, I temember, tells of one, that having been a ſpectacle of Drunkenneſs, proved after his Converſion a pattern of ſobriety. And I my ſelf muſt confeſs, that one have I known yet living, who having drunk out his bodily Eyes, had his ſpiritual Eyes opened, proved diligent in hearing [Page] and practiſing. Though the Pit be deep, miry and narrow, like that Dungeon into which Jeremy was put; yet if it pleaſe God to let down the cords of his Divine mercy, and cauſe the Party to lay hold thereon, it is poſſible they may eſcape the ſnares of death. There is even for the moſt debauched Drunkard that ever was, a ſoveraign Medicine, a rich Triacle, of force enough to cure and recover his Diſeaſe, to obtain his Pardon, and to furniſh him with ſtrength to overcome this deadly Poyſon, fatal to the moſt: And though we may well ſay of it, as men out of experience do of Quartane Agues, that it is the diſgrace of all moral Phyſick, of all Reproofs, Counſels and Admonitions; yet is there a Salve for this Sore; there came one from Heaven that trode the Winepreſs of his Fathers fierceneſs, drunk of a Cup tempered with the bitterneſs of God's Wrath, and the Devils Malice, that he might heal even ſuch as have drunk deepeſt of the ſweet Cup of Sin. And let all ſuch know, that in all the former diſcovery of this Poyſon, I have only aimed to cauſe them feel their ſting, and that they might with earneſt Eyes behold the Braſen Serpent, and ſeriouſly repair to him for Mercy and Grace, who is perfectly able to eject even this kind, which ſo rarely and hardly is thrown out where once he gets poſſeſſion. This Seed of the Woman is able to bruiſe this Serpents head. Oh that they would liſten to the gracious offers of Chriſt! if once there be wrought in thy Soul a ſpiritual thirſt after mercy, as the thirſty Land hath after rain, a longing appetite after the water that comes out of the Rock, after the Blood that was ſhed for thee; then let him that is athirſt come, let him drink of the water of life without any money; of which if thou haſt took but one true and thorow draught, thou wilt never long after thy old puddle waters of Sin any more. Eaſie will it be for thee after thou haſt raſted of the Bread and Wine in thy Father's Houſe, ever to loath the Husks and Swill thou wert wont to follow after with greedineſs. The Lord Chriſt will bring thee into his Mothers Houſe, cauſe thee to drink of his ſpiced Wine, of the new Wine of the Pomegranate: Yea, he will bring thee into his Cellar, ſpread his Banner of Love over thee, ſtay thee with flagons, fill thee with his love, till thou beeſt ſick and overcome with the ſweetneſs of his Conſolations. In other Drink there is exceſs, but here can be no danger. The Devil hath his invitation, Come, let us drink; and Chriſt hath his inebriamini, Be ye filled with the Spirit. Here is a Fountain ſet open, and Proclamation made. And if it were poſſible for the bruitiſheſt Drunkard [Page] in the World to know who it is that offereth, and what kind of water he offereth; he would ask, and God would give it frankly without money; he ſhould drink liberally, be ſatisfied, and out of his Belly ſhould ſally Springs of the water of Life, quenching and extinguiſhing all his inordinate longings ofter ſtoln water of Sin and Death.

All this while, little hope have I to work upon many Drunkards, eſpecially by a Sermon read (of leſs life and force in God's Ordinance, and in its own nature, then preached,) my firſt drift is, to ſtir up the Spirits of Parents and Maſters, who in all Places complain of this evil, robbing them of good Servants, and dutiful Children, by all care and induſtry to prevent it in their Domeſtical Education, by carrying a watchful and reſtraining hand over them. Parents, if you love either Soul or Body, thrift or piety, look to keep them from this Infection. Lay all the bars of your authority, cautions, threats and charges for the avoyding of this epidemical Peſtilence. If any of them be bitten of this Cockatrice, ſleep not, reſt not, till you have cured them of it; if you love their Health, Husbandry, Grace, their preſent or future lives. Dead are they while they live, if they live in this Sin. Mothers, lay about you as Bathſheba, with all entreaties, What my Son, my Son of my loves and delights, Wine is not for you, &c.

My next hope is, to arouſe and awaken the vigilancy of all faithful Paſtors and Teachers. I ſpeak not to ſuch Stars as this Dragon hath ſwept down from Heaven with its tayl: for of ſuch the Prophets, the Fathers of the Primitive, yea, all Ages complain of. I hate and abhor to mention this abomination: to alter the Proverb, As drunk as a Beggar, to a Gentleman is odious; but to a Man of God, to an Angel, how harſh and helliſh a ſound it is in a Chriſtians ears? I ſpeak therefore to ſober Watchmen, Watch, and be ſober, and labour to keep your Charges ſober and watchful, that they may be ſo found of him, that comes like a Thief in the night. Two means have you of great vertue for the quelling of this Serpent, zealous Preaching and Praying againſt it. It's an old received Antidote, that mans ſpittle, eſpecially faſting ſpittle, is mortal to Serpents. Saint Donatus is famous in ſtory for ſpitting upon a Dragon, that kept an High-way, and devoured many Paſſengers. This have I made good Obſervation of, That where God hath raiſed up zealous Preachers, in ſuch Towns this Serpent hath no neſtling▪ no ſtabling or denning. If this will not do, Auguſtine [Page] enforceth another, which I conceive God's and Man's Laws allow us upon the reaſon he gives: If Paul (ſaith he) forbid to eat with ſuch our common Bread, in our own private Houſes, how much more the Lord's Body in Church-Aſſemblies: If in our Times, this were ſtrictly obſerved, the Serpent would ſoon languiſh and vaniſh. In the time of an Epidemical Diſeaſe, ſuch as the Sweating or Neezing Sickneſs, a wiſe Phyſician would leave the ſtudy of all other Diſeaſes, to find out the Cure of the preſent raging Evil. If Chryſoſtome were now alive, the bent of all his Homilies, or at leaſt one part of them, ſhould be ſpent to cry drown Drunkenneſs, as he did ſwearing in Antioch: never deſiſting to reprove it, till (if not the fear of God, yet) his imporunity made them weary of the ſin.

Such Anakims and Zanzummims, as the ſpiritual Sword will not work upon, I turn them over to the Secular Arm, with a ſignification of the dangerous and contagious ſpreading of this poyſon in the Veins and Bowels of the Common-wealth. In the Church and Chriſt his name alſo, intreating them to carry a more vigilant Eye over the Dens and Burrows of this Cockatrice, ſuperfluous, blind, and Clandeſtine Ale-houſes I mean, the very Peſt-houſes of the Nation? which I could wiſh had all for their ſign, a picture of ſome hideous Serpent, or a pair of them, as the beſt Hieroglyphick of the genius of the place, to warn Paſſengers to ſhun and avoid the danger of them. Who ſees and knows not, that ſome one needleſs Ale-houſe in a Countrey-Town, undoes all the reſt of the Houſes in it, eating up the thrift and fruit of their Labours; the ill manner of ſundry places, being there to meet in ſome one Night of the Week, and ſpend what they they have gathered and ſpared all the days of the ſame before, to the prejudice of their poor Wives and Children at home; and upon the Lords day (after Evening Prayers) there to quench and drown all the good Leſſons they have heard that day at Church. If this go on, what ſhall become of us in time? If woe be to ſingle Drunkards, is not a National woe to be feared and expected of a Nation over-run with Drunkenneſs? Had we no other Sin reigning but this (which cannot reign alone) will not God juſtly ſpue us out of his mouth for this alone? We read of whole Countreys waſted, diſpeopled by Serpents. Pliny tells us of the Amyclae, Lycophron of Salamis▪ Herodotus of the Neuri, utterly depopulate and made unhabitable by them. Verily, if theſe Cockatrices multiply and get head amongſt [Page] us a while longer, as they have of late begun, where ſhall the people have ſober Servants to till their Lands, or Children to hold and enjoy them. They ſpeak of drayning Fens; but if this Evil be not ſtopped, we ſhall all ſhortly be drowned with it. I wiſh the Magiſtracy, Gentry, and Yeomanry, would take it to ſerious conſideration, how to deal with this Serpent, before he grow too ſtrong and fierce for them. It is paſt the egge already, and much at that paſs, of which Auguſtine complains of in his time, that he ſcarce knew what remedy to adviſe, but thought it required the meeting of a general Council. The beſt courſe I think of, is, if the great Perſons would firſt begin through Reformation in their own Families, baniſh the ſpirits of their Butteries, abandon that fooliſh and vitious Cuſtom, as Ambroſe and Baſil calls it, of drinking Healths, and making that a Sacrifice to God for the health of others, which is rather a Sacrifice to the Devil, and a bane of their own. I remember well Sigiſmund the Emperor's grave Anſwer, wherein there concurred excellent Wiſdom and Wit (ſeldom meeting in one ſaying) which he gave before the Council of Conſtance, to ſuch as propoſed a Reformation of the Church to begin with the Franciſcans and Minorites. You will never do any good (ſaith he) unleſs you begin with the Majorites firſt. Sure, till it be out of faſhion and grace in Gentlemens Tables, Butteries and Cellars, hardly▪ ſhall you perſwade the Countrey-man to lay it down, who, as in Faſhions, ſo in Vices, will ever be the Ape of the Gentry.

If this help not, I ſhall then conclude it to be ſuch an Evil as is only by Soveraign Power, and the King's Hand curable. And verily next under the word of God, which is Omnipotent, how potent and wonder-working is the Word of a King? when both meet as the Sun, and ſome good Star in a benigne Conjunction; what Enemy ſhall ſtand before the Sword of God and Gideon? what Vice ſo predominant which theſe ſubdue not? If the Lion roar, what Beaſt of the Foreſt ſhall not tremble and hide their head? have we not a noble experiment hereof yet freſh in our memory, and worthy never to die, in the timely and ſpeedy ſuppreſſion of that impudent abomination of Womens manniſh habit, threatning the confuſion of Sexes, and ruine of Modeſty? The ſame Royal Hand, and care the Church and Common-wealth implores for the vanquiſhing of this Poyſon, no leſs pernicious, more ſpreading and prevailing. Take us theſe little Foxes was wont to be the ſuit of the Church, for they gnabble our Grapes, and hurt [Page] our tender Branches: but now it is become more ſerious. Take us theſe Serpents, leſt they deſtroy our Vines, Vine-Dreſſers, Vineyards and all: This hath ever been Royal Game. How famous in the ſtory of Diodorus Siculus, is the Royal munificence of Ptolomy King of Egypt, for proviſion of Nets, and maintenance of Huntſmen, for the taking and deſtroying of Serpents, noxious and noiſome to his Countrey. The like of Philip in Ariſtotle, and of Attilius Regulus in Aulus Gellius. The Embleme mentioned at large by Plutarch, engraven on Hercules Shield; what is it but a Symbol of the Divine honor due to Princes following their Herculean labours, in ſubduing the like Hidraes, too mighty for any inferior perſon to take in hand? It is their honor to tread upon Baſilisks, and trample Dragons under their Feet, Solomon thinks it not unworthy his Pen to diſcourſe their danger.

A royal and eloquent Oration is happily and worthily preſerved in the large Volume of ancient Writings, with this Title, Oratio magnifici & pacifici Edgari Regis habita ad Dunſtanum Archiep. Epiſcopos, &c. The main ſcope whereof is, to excite the Clergies care and devotion for the ſuppreſſing of this Vice, for the common good. Undertakers of difficult Plots promiſe themſelves ſpeed and effect, if once they intereſt the King, and make him Party. And what more generally beneficial can be deviſed or propoſed then this, with more Honour and leſs Charge to be effected, if it ſhall pleaſe his Majeſty but to make trial of the ſtrength of his Temporal and Spiritual Arms? For the effecting of it, if this help not, what have we elſe remaining, but wiſhes and prayers to caſt out this kind withall. God help us. To him I commend the ſucceſs of theſe Labors, and the vanquiſhing of this Cockatrice.

TOBACCO BATTERED, AND THE PIPES SHATTERED (About their Ears, that id'ly Idolize ſo baſe and barbarous a WEED: OR, At leaſt-wiſe over-love ſo loathſome Vanity.)
Collected out of the famous POEMS of Joſhua Sylveſter, Gent.

[Page]

WHat-ever God created, firſt was good,

And good for man, while man uprightly ſtood:

But, falling Angels cauſing man to fall,

His foul Contagion con-corrupted all

His Fellow-Creatures for his Sin accurſt,

And for his ſake transformed from the firſt;

[Page] Till God and man, man's Leptie to re-cure,

By Death kill'd Death, re-making all things pure.

But to the Pure, not to the ſtill Prophane,

Who Spider-like turns Bleſſing into Bane;

Uſurping (right-leſs, thank-leſs, need-leſs) here,

In wanton, wilful, waſtful, luſtful chear,

Earths plenteous Crop, which God hath onely given

Unto his own (Heirs both of Earth and Heaven)

Who only (rightly) may with Praiſe and Prayer,

Enjoy th' increaſe of Earth, of Sea, of Air,

Fowl, Fiſh and Fleſh, Gems, Mettals, Cattel, Plants,

And namely (that which now no Angle wants)

Indian Tobacco, when due cauſe Requires,

Not the dry Dropſie of Phantaſtick Squires.

None therefore deem that I am now to learn,

(However dim I many things diſcern)

Reaſon and Seaſon to diſtinguiſh fit,

Th' uſe of a thing, from the abuſe of it;

Drinking, from Drunking, Saccharum cum Sacco,

And taking of, from taking all Tobacco.

Yet out of high Diſdain and Indignation

Of that ſtern Tyrant's ſtrangeſt Uſurpation,

Once Demi-captive to his puffing pride,

(As millions are too-wilful foolifi'd)

Needs muſt I band againſt the needleſs uſe

Of Don Tobacco, and his foul abuſe;

Which (though in Inde it be an Herb indeed)

In Europe is no better then a Weed,

Which to their Idols Pagans Sacrifice,

And Chriſtians (here) do well-nigh Idolize:

Which taking, Heathens to the Devils bow

Their Bodies, Chriſtians even their Souls do vow;

Yet th' Heathen have, with th' ill, ſome good withall,

Sith their con-native, 'tis non-natural:

But ſee the nature of abounding ſin,

Which more abounding, puniſhment doth win;

For knowing Servants wilful Arrogance,

Then ſilly Strangers ſavage Ignorance,

For what to them is Meat, land Med'cinable,

Is turn'd to us a Plague intolerable.

[Page]

Two ſmoky Engins, in this latter Age,

(Satan's ſhort Circuit; the more ſharp his Rage)

Have been invented by too-wanton wit,

Or rather vented from th' infernal Pit;

Guns and Tobacco-Pipes, with fire and ſmoke,

(At leaſt) a third part of Mankind to choke,

(Which, happily, th▪ Apocalyps fold-told)

Yet of the two, we may (think I) be bold

In ſome reſpect, to think the laſt the worſt,

(However, both in their effects accurſt,)

For Guns ſhoot from-ward, only at their foen,

Tobacco-Pipes home-ward, into their own,

(When for the touch-hole firing the wrong end

Into our ſelves the Poyſons force we ſend;)

Thoſe in the Field, in brave and hoſtile manner,

Theſe, cowardly, under a covert banner;

Thoſe with defiance, in a threatful Terror,

Theſe with affiance, in a wilful Error,

Thoſe, (though loud-roaring, goaring-deep) quick-ridding;

Theſe, ſtilly ſtealing, longer Languors breeding,

Thoſe, full of pain (perhaps) and fell deſpight,

Theſe with falſe pleaſure, and a ſeem-delight,

(As Cats with Mice, Spiders with Flyes) full rife,

Pipe-Playing, dallying and deluding life.

Who would not wonder in theſe ſunny-days,

(So bright illightned with the Goſpel's Rays)

Whence ſo much ſmoke and deadly vapors come,

To dim and dam ſo much of Chriſtendom;

But we muſt ponder too, theſe days are thoſe,

Wherein the Devil was to be let loſe,

And yawning broad-gate of that black abyſs

To be ſet ope, whoſe bottom boundleſs is,

That Satan, deſtin'd evermore to dwell

In ſmoky Fornace of that Darkſom Cell,

In ſmoke and darkneſs might inure and train

His own deer minions, while they here remain;

As Roguing Gipfies tan their little Elves,

To make them tan'd and ugly like themſelves.

Then in deſpight, who ever dare ſay nay,

Tobacconiſts keep on your courſe; you may,

[Page] If you continue in your ſmoky ure,

The better far Hells ſulphury Smoke endure;

And herein (as in all your other evil)

Grow nearer ſtill, and liker to the Devil,

Save that the Devil (if he could revoke)

Would fly from filthy, and unhealthy Smoke;

Wherein (caſt out of Heav'n for Helliſh-pride)

Unwilling he, and forced, doth abide;

Which herein worſe than he (the worſt of ill)

You long for, luſt for, lye for, die for, ſtill;

For as the Salamander lives in fire,

You live in ſmoke, and without ſmoke expire.

Should it be queſtion'd (as right well it may)

Whether diſcovery of America,

That New-found World, have yielded to our old

More hurt or good, till fuller anſwer ſhould

Decide the doubt, and quite determine it,

Thus for the preſent might we anſwer fit;

That, thereby we have (rightly underſtood)

Both given and taken greater hurt then good:

And that on both ſides, both for Chriſtians,

It had been better, and for Indians,

That only good men to their coaſt had come,

Or that the Evil had ſtill ſtaid at home;

For, what our People have brought thence to us,

Is like the head-piece of a Polypus,

Wherein is (quoted by ſage Plutarch's quill)

A Peſt'lence great good, and great Peſt'lence ill.

We had from them, firſt to augment our Stocks,

Two grand Diſeaſes, Scurvy and the Pocks;

Then two great Cordials (for a Counterpoize)

Gold and Tobacco; both which, many wayes,

Have done more miſchief, then the former twain;

And all together brought more loſs then gain.

But true it is, we had this traſh of theirs,

Only in barter for our broken Wares;

Ours for the moſt part carried out but ſin,

And, for the moſt part, brought but Vengeance in;

Their Fraight was Sloth, Luſt, Avarice and Drink,

(A burden able with the weight to ſink

[Page] The hugeſt Carrak; yea, thoſe hallowed Twelve

Spain's great Apoſtles even to over-whelve)

They carried Sloth, and brought home ſcurvy skin;

They carried Luſt, and brought home Pox within:

They carried Avarice, and Gold they got;

They carried Bacchus, and Tobacco brought:

Alas poor Indians! That, but Engliſh none,

Could put them down in their own Trade alone!

That none but Engliſh (more alas! more ſtrange!)

Could juſtifie their pittiful exchange.

Of all the Plants that Tellus Boſom yields,

In Groves, Glades, Gardens, Marſhes, Mountains, Fields;

None ſo pernicious to mans life is known,

As is Tobacco, ſaving Hemp alone,

Betwixt which two there ſeems great ſympathy,

To ruinate poor Adam's Progeny;

For in them both a ſtrangling vertue note,

And both of them do work upon the Throat;

The one, within it; and without the other;

And th' one prepareth work unto the tother:

For there do meet (I mean at Gaile and Gallows)

More of theſe beaſtly, baſe Tobacco-Fellows,

Then elſe to any prophane Haunt do uſe,

(Excepting ſtill the Play-houſe and the Stews)

Sith 'tis their common lot (ſo double-choaked)

Juſt bacon-like to be hang'd up and ſmoked;

A deſtiny as proper to befall

To moral Swine, as to Swine natural.

If there be any Herb in any place,

Moſt oppoſite to God's good Herb of Grace,

'Tis doubtleſs this; and this doth plainly prove it,

That, for the moſt, moſt graceleſs men do love it;

Or rather doat moſt on this wither'd Weed,

Themſelves as wither'd, in all gracious deed:

'Tis ſtrange to ſee, (and unto me a wonder)

When the prodigious ſtrange abuſe we ponder

Of this unruly, ruſty Vegetal,

From modern Symmiſts Jeſu critical,

(Carping at us, and caſting in our diſh

Not Crimes, but Crums, as eating Fleſh for Fiſh;)

[Page] W' hear in this caſe, no Conſcience-caſes holier,

But, like to like, the Devil with the Collier.

For a Tobacconiſt (I dare aver)

Is firſt of all a rank Idolater

As any of the Ignatian Hierachy;

Next as conformed to their foppery

Of burning day-light, and good Night at Noon,

Setting up Candles to enlight the Sun;

And laſt the Kingdom of new Babylon,

Stands in a dark and ſmoky Region,

So full of ſuch variety of ſmokes,

That there-with-all, all Piety it choaks.

For there is firſt of all the ſmoke of Ignorance,

The ſmoke of Error, ſmoke of Arrogance,

The ſmoke of Merit ſuper-er' gatory,

The ſmoke of Pardons, ſmoke of Purgatory,

The ſmoke of cenſing, ſmoke of thurifying

Of Images, of Satans fury flying,

The ſmoke of Stews (from ſmoking thence they come,

As horrid hot, as torrid Sodom ſome)

Then ſmoke of Powder-Treaſon, Piſtol Knives,

To blow up Kingdoms, and blow out Kings Lives:

And laſtly too, Tobacco's ſmoky miſts,

Which (coming from Iberian Baaliſts)

No ſmall addition of aduſtion fit,

Bring to the ſmoke of the unbottom'd Pit

Yerſt opened, firſt (as openeth St. John)

By their Abaddon and Apollyon.

But ſith they are contented to admire

What they diſlike not, if they not deſire;

(For, with good reaſon, may we gheſs that they

Who ſwallow Camels, ſwallow Gnatlings may;)

'Tis ground enough for us in this diſpute,

Their Vanities thus obvious to refute

(Their Vanities, Myſterious miſts of Rome,

Which have ſo long beſmoked Chriſtendom.)

And for the reſt, it ſhall ſuffice to ſay,

Tobacconing is but a ſmoky Play;

Strong arguments againſt ſo weak a thing,

Were needleſs, or unſuitable, to bring,

[Page] In this behalf there needs no more be done,

Sith of it ſelf the ſame will vaniſh ſoon;

T' evaporate this ſmoke, it is enough,

But with a breath the ſame aſide to puffe.

Now, my firſt puff, ſhall but repel th' ill ſavour

Of Place and Perſons (of debaucht behaviour)

Where 'tis moſt frequent; ſecond, ſhew I will,

How little good it doth; third, how great ill:

'Tis vented moſt in Taverns, Tipling-cotts,

To Ruffians, Roarers, Tipſy-toſty-pots,

Whoſe Cuſtom is, between the Pipe and Pot,

(Th'one cold and moiſt, th'other dry and hot;)

To skirmiſh ſo (like Sword-and-Dagger-fight,)

That 'tis not eaſie to determine right,

Which of their Weapons hath the Conqueſt got

Over their Wits, the Pipe or elſe the Pot;

Yet 'tis apparent, and by proof expreſs,

Both ſtab and wound the Brain with drunkenneſs;

For even the derivation of the name,

Seems to allude, and to include the ſame:

Tobacco, as [...], one would ſay,

To Bacchus (Cup-god) dedicated ay.

And for concluſion of this Point, obſerve

The places which to theſe abuſes ſerve;

How-ever of themſelves noyſome enough,

Are much more loathſome with the ſtench and ſtuff,

Extracted from their Limbecket Lips and Noſe,

So that the Houſes, common haunts of thoſe,

Are liker Hell than Heav'n, for Hell hath ſmoke,

Impenitent Tobacconiſts to choak;

Though never dead, there ſhall they have their fill;

In Heav'n is none, but Light and Glory ſtill.

Next, multitudes them daily, hourly, drawn

In this black Sea of ſmoke, toſt up and down

In this vaſt Ocean, of ſuch latitude,

That Europe only cannot it include;

But out it ruſhes, over-runs the whole,

And reaches well-nigh round, from Pole to Pole

Among theMoors, Turks, Tartars, Perſians,

And other Ethnicks full of Ignorance

[Page] Of God and good; and, if we ſhall look home,

To view (and rew) the State of Chriſtendom;

Upon this Point, we may this Riddle bring;

The Subject hath more Subjects then the King:

For Don Tocacco hath an ampler Reign,

Than Don Philippo, the great King of Spain,

(In whoſe Dominions, for the moſt it grows,)

Nay, ſhall I ſay (O horror to ſuppoſe!)

Heatheniſh Tobacco (almoſt every where)

In Chriſtendom (Chriſt's outward Kingdom here)

Hath more Diſciples than Chriſt hath, I fear,

More Suits, more Service (Bodies, Souls, and good)

Than Chriſt that bought us with his pretious Bloud:

O great Tobacco, greater then great Can,

Great Turk, great Tartar, or great Tamerlan!

With Vulturs Wings thou haſt (and ſwifter yet

Then an Hungarian Ague, Engliſh Sweat)

Through all degrees flown, far, nigh, up and down,

From Court to Cart, from Count to Country-Clown;

Not ſcorning Scullions, Coblers, Colliers,

Jakes-farmers, Fidlers, Oſtlers, Oyſterers,

Rogues, Gipſies, Players, Pandars, Punks, and all,

What common Scums in Common-Sewers fall;

For all as Vaſſals at thy beck are bent,

And breath by thee, as their new Element:

Which well may prove thy Monarchy the greater,

Yet prove not thee to be a whit the better;

But rather worſe, for Hells wide-open road

Is eaſieſt found, and by the moſt ſtill trod,

Which, even the Heathen had the Light to know,

By Arguments, as many times they ſhow.

Here may we alſo gather (for a need)

Whether Tobacco be a Herb or Weed;

And whether the exceſſive uſe be fit,

Or good or bad, by thoſe that favour it;

Weeds, wild and wicked, moſtly entertain it;

Herbs, wholſome Herbs, and holy minds diſdain it.

If then Tobacconing be good, how is't,

That lewdeſt, looſeſt, baſeſt, fooliſheſt;

[Page] The moſt unthrifty, moſt intemperate,

Moſt vitious, moſt debaucht, moſt deſperate,

Purſue it moſt: The wiſeſt, and the beſt,

Abhor it, ſhun it, flee it as the Peſt,

Or piercing poyſon of a Dracons whisk,

Or deadly eye▪ſhot of a Baſilisk.

If Wiſdom baulk it, muſt it not be folly?

If Vertue hate it, is it not unholy?

If men of worth, and minds right generous,

Diſcard it, ſcorn it, is't not ſcandalous?

And (to conclude) is it not, to the Devil,

Moſt pleaſing▪ pleaſing ſo (moſt) the moſt evil?

My ſecond puff, is proof, how little good

This ſmoke hath done (that ever hear I cou'd:)

For firſt, there's none that takes Tobacco moſt,

Moſt uſually, moſt earneſtly, can boaſt,

That the exceſſive and continual uſe

Of this dry-ſuck-at ever did produce

Him any good, civil or natural,

Or moral good, or artificial;

Unleſs perhaps, they will alledge, it draws

Away the ill, which ſtill it ſelf doth cauſe;

Which courſe (me-thinks) I cannot liken better,

Then to a Uſerers kindneſs to his Debter;

Who under ſhew of lending, ſtill ſubtracts

The Debters own, and then his own exacts,

Till, at the laſt, he utterly confound him,

Or leave him worſe, and weaker then he found him.

Next, if the Cuſtom of Tobacconing

Yield th' Uſers any good in any thing,

Either they have it, or they hope it preſt,

(By proof and practice, taking ſtill the beſt:)

For, none but Fools will them to ought beſlave,

Whence benefit they neither hope nor have.

Therefore yet farther (as a Queſtioniſt)

I muſt enquire of my Tobacconiſt,

Why if a Chriſtian (as ſome ſometimes ſeem)

Believing God, waiting all good from him;

And unto him all good again referring,

Why (to eſchew th' Ungodly's graceleſs erring)

[Page] Why pray they not not? why praiſe they not his name

For hoped good, and good had by this ſame?

As all men do, or ought to do for all,

The gifts and goods that from his goodneſs fall;

Is't not, becauſe they neithe [...] [...]ope nor have,

Good (hence) to thank God for, nor farther crave:

But as they had it from the Heathen firſt,

So heatheniſhly they uſe it ſtill accurſt;

And (as ſome jeſt of Jiſters) this is more,

Ungodly meat, both after and before.

Laſtly, if all delights of all Mankind

Be vanity, vexation of the Mind,

All under Sun, muſt not Tobacco bee,

Of Vanities, the vaineſt Vanity?

If Solomon, the wiſeſt earthly Prince

That ever was before, or hath been ſince;

Knowing all Plants, and then peruſing all,

From Cedar to the Hyſop on the—Wall;

In none of all profeſſeth, that—he ſound

A firm Content, or Conſolation found:

Can we ſuppoſe, that any ſhallowing,

Can find much good in oft Tobacconing?

My third and laſt Puff points at the great evil,

This noyſome Vapor works (through wily Devil)

If we may judge; if knowledge may be had,

By their effects, how things be good or bad:

Doubtleſs, th' effects of this pernitious Weed

Be many bad, ſcarce any good indeed;

Nor doth a man ſcarce any good contain,

But of this Evil juſtly may complain;

As thereby made in every part the worſe,

In Body, Soul, in Credit, and in Purſe.

A Broad-Side AGAINST COFFEE: OR, THE Marriage of the Turk.

[Page]

COFFEE, a kind of Turkiſh Renegade,

Has late a match with Chriſtian water made;

At firſt between them happen'd a Demur,

Yet joyn'd they were, but not without great ſtir;

For both ſo cold were, and ſo faintly meet,

The Turkiſh Hymen in his Turbant ſwet.

Coffee was cold as Earth, Water as Thames,

And ſtood in need of recommending Flames;

For each of them ſteers a contrary courſe,

And of themſelves they ſue out a Divorce.

[Page] Coffee ſo brown as berry does appear,

Too ſwarthy for a Nymph ſo fair, ſo clear:

And yet his ſails he did for England hoiſt,

Though cold and dry, to court the cold and moiſt;

If there be ought we can, as love admit;

'Tis a hot love, and laſteth but a fit.

For this indeed the cauſe is of their ſtay,

Newcaſtle's bowels warmer are than they.

The melting Nymph diſtills her ſelf to do't,

Whilſt the Slave Coffee muſt be beaten to't:

Incorporate him cloſe as cloſe may be,

Pauſe but a while, and he is none of he;

Which for a truth, and not a ſtory tells,

No Faith is to be kept with Infidels.

Sure he ſuſpects, and ſhuns her as a Whore,

And loves, and kills, like the Venetian Moor;

Bold Aſian Brat! with ſpeed our confines flee;

Water, though common, is too good for thee.

Sure Coffee's vext he has the breeches loſt,

For ſhe's above, and he lies undermoſt;

What ſhall I add but this? (and ſure 'tis right)

The Groom is heavy, cauſe the Bride is light.

This canting Coffee has his Crew inricht,

And both the Water and the Men bewitcht.

A Coachman was the firſt (here) Coffee made,

And ever ſince the reſt drive on the trade;

Me no good Engalaſh! and ſure enough,

He plaid the Quack to ſalve his Stygian ſtuff;

Ver boon for de ſtomach, de Cough, de Ptiſick,

And I believe him, for it looks like Phyſick.

Coffee a cruſt is charkt into a coal,

The ſmell and taſte of the Mock China bowl;

Where huff and puff, they labor out their Lungs,

Leſt Dives-like they ſhould bewail their Tongues.

[Page] And yet they tell ye that it will not burn,

Though on the Jury Bliſters you return:

Whoſe furious heat does make the water riſe,

And ſtill through the Alembicks of your eyes,

Dread and deſire, ye fall to't ſnap by ſnap,

As hungry Dogs do ſcalding porrige lap.

But to cure Drunkards it has got great Fame;

Poſſet or Porrige, will't not do the ſame?

Confuſion huddles all into one Scene,

Like Noah's Ark, the clean and the unclean.

But now, alas! the Drench has credit got,

And he's no Gentleman that drinks it not;

That ſuch a Dwarf ſhould riſe to ſuch a ſtature!

But Cuſtom is but a remove from Nature.

A little Diſh, and a large Coffee-houſe,

What is it, but a Mountain and a Mouſe?

Mens humana novitatis avidiſſima.

I have heard it is good for one thing (and that falls out too often) when men are ſo drunk with Wine, Beer or Ale, or Brandy, that they are unfit to manage their Imployment; then a Diſh of hot Coffee is a preſent Remedy to ſettle their Heads.

No doubt, but a Diſh of Broth, or Beer, will work the ſame Cure, if it be drank as hot.

§

[Page]

This ſhort Collection ſhould more properly have taken place next to what was collected out of the other Doctors, but it came not to my ſight, till it was too late: And becauſe it agrees with what is mentioned in the firſt Epiſtle, that it is a ſtrange way of taking Tobacco, as Phyſick, juſt before, and preſently after Meals; I thought fit to put it in here. And if any are ſo wiſe as to be convinced by what hath been written, That immoderate ſmoking of Tobacco is hurtful for them, they were beſt to leave it gradually; for that is moſt ſafe, for ſuch as have been accuſtomed long to it; or elſe it is good to chew the leafe in the mouth; or as ſome do, ſmoke a Pipe with other Ingredients, as Roſemary, Bitony, or Mints: This Collection was taken out of that Book of Dr. Everard's, Entituled, The Vertue of Tobacco.

YOung men eſpecially muſt take great care how they ſuck in this ſmoke, for the cuſtome and too much uſe of it, brings their brains out of order, and makes them to be over-hot, ſo that they loſe their good temper, and are beyond the bounds of their health, and that ſacred anchor is loſt irrecoverably. For the nouriſhment of young men requires a gentle moiſture, to ſtrengthen them, and to make their bodies grow to their juſt perfection. Eſpecially for thoſe that are cholerick, whoſe brains cannot endure exceſs of heat, for the native heat would be oppreſſed by the accidental heat. See Gallen his Comment, in lib. de vict. ſalub.

Alſo this ſmoke doth vehemently move the Stomach to nauſeat, and to vomit, (as daily experience teacheth us) namely, by cleaving to the inward parts, and ſo offending the peculiar juyces contain'd in the Stomach, and the Meſentary; it deſtroys their ordinary operations. For in thruſting forth the matter from the Stomach it cannot be, but alſo ſomething muſt be caſt out, wherein the force of nature reſides; and alſo, becauſe when nature is doing her office, ſhe ſends the nouriſhment into the habit of the body, as to the circumference, but all diſturbing and purgative things draw the juyces & ſpirits to the center. Wherefore nature is wonderfully tired with theſe contrary motions, for ſhe can endure nothing leſs [Page] then two contrary motions at the ſame time. Wherefore it is a moſt bitter enemy to the Stomachs of very many men, eſpecially if they uſe to take it preſently after Supper or Dinner. And in this reſpect it is miſchievous to the bodies of all ſound men, according to Hippocrates his Rule. 2. Aphoriſ. 37. It is troubleſome to purge thoſe that are in good health. For frequent uſe of purging Medicaments will ſoon make a man old; for the forces are broken by the reſolving of the ſolid parts, by an Hypercatharſis of all nutrimental juyce.

By theſe things mentioned, it is eaſie to collect, that the ſmoke of Tobacco ſhortneth mens days. For being that our native heat is like to a flame, which continually feeds upon natural moiſture, as a Lamp lighted, drinks up the Oyl by its heat; it follows neceſſarily, that for want of food, life muſt needs fly away quickly, when the proper ſubject of life is diſſipated and conſumed: for with that moiſture, the imbred heat fails alſo, and death ſucceeds.

You underſtand therefore (that are Tobacconiſts) that the ſooty fumes of Tobacco, wherein you are wallowing (as it were) in the deepeſt mire, are of great force to ſhorten your days. Galen ſpeaking of opening Medicaments, aſſerts, that by the frequent uſe of them, the ſolid parts of the body are dried, and that the blood grows groſs and clotted, which being burned in the Reins, breed the ſtone. The ſame thing may be truly maintained concerning Tobacco, which many uſe too frequently, and more then any do uſe thouſe kind of opening Medicaments; for this is more hot and dry then they are, and therefore is more forcible to hurt found and well-tempered bodies. Take warning therefore you that love Tobacco, that you do not exceed in uſing too much of it, and enſlave your ſelves to this [...]uliginous ſmoke, by hunting after it, and making a god of it. The goods of the body, are beauty, ſtrength, and ſound health. The moſt grave Author Plutarch, commending the laſt as the beſt of all, affirmed moſt gravely and learnedly, That health is the moſt divine, and the moſt excellent property of the body, and a moſt precious thing. There is nothing in this World better; nothing more to be deſired, and nothing can be found to be more pleaſant. Without this (as Hippocrates ſaith) there is no pleaſure or fruit of any other things. This is it, which in this life fills all perfection: Without this no man could ever be ſaid to be happy: This far exceeds the greateſt Honours, Treaſures, and Riches.

[Page]

[depiction of people smoking and drinking.]

A POSTSCRIPT By way of APOLOGY.

[Page]

[Page]

Honeſt Reader,

THis intended Porch being ſo Impoliſhed, and ſo rude a Draught, I have judged it more fit to make a Back-Door, then a Fore: Neither durſt I preſume to ſet it in the Forefront, for I count it but as an over-plus Sheet; however it may ſerve for waſt Paper to wrap up the learned Collections, or elſe to light a Pipe of Tobacco, and will make as good Smoke: It lies at thy mercy, to uſe or to abuſe as thou pleaſeſt.

For my part, I pretend to no great Learning, yet am a Lover of it, and a well-wiſher to it: Neither am I worthy to carry the Books after theſe learned Authors, out of whoſe Works I have [Page] made this Collection; therefore I make this humble Apologetical Poſtſcript. I know for my labour of reviving this noble Counterblaſt, &c. I can expect no better, but to be counterblaſted by the black and foul mouths of many Tobacconiſts, and common Tobacco-Smokers; for endeavoring to pull down their great Diana, which they labour Demetrius like to cry up, becauſe of the much gain it brings them. If I meet with Reproaches and Scorns, it is no more then I expected from them, and I value it not: Neither is it any news or wonder; for we live in the laſt dayes, and as the Apoſtle Peter fore-told many hundred years ſince, in 2 Pet. 3. 3. That in the laſt dayes ſhould come Scoffers, walking after their own luſts. To ſuch King Solomon propounds a queſtion, which they can hardly be able to anſwer, in Prov. 22. How long ye ſimple Ones will ye love ſimplicity? and ye▪ Scorners delight in ſcorning, and Fools hate Knowledge? There have been many ſuch in all Ages of the World, as it may eaſily be inſtanced.

Before I conclude, I thought it not amiſs, or improper, to ſay ſomething briefly againſt exceſſive drinking of Healths, and Drunkenneſs, which calls to remembrance, amongſt other, of His Majeſties noble and gracious Acts, ſince his Reſtuaration, wherein he hath had merciful Reſpect to the Lives, Eſtates, Souls and Bodies of his good Subjects, and therein gone beyond his Predeceſſors. I ſhall but name to his perpetual Honour theſe three, viz. In the firſt place, His Act of Oblivion, paſſing by all that was done againſt Him or his Father, excepting only thoſe that were his Royal Fathers Judges. In the next place, He was pleaſed to publiſh a Proclamation to all His loving Subjects; againſt that ſinful Cuſtom of drinking his Health, His Majeſty wiſely conſidering how apt many would be to fall into that evil extreme, doth in that Proclamation, rebuke ſuch as can expreſs their Love to him in no better way, then drinking His Health. In the next place, I cannot but take notice, and mention, to His Majeſties Renown, His late gracious Declaration, For Liberty and Indulgence to tender Conſciences, that could not in all things conform to the Ceremonies and Diſcipline of the Church of England, by Law eſtabliſhed: This by the way. But now to ſpeak a little more againſt drinking Healths, which is to our purpoſe in hand.

[Page] There was many years ſince a Book Publiſhed, by Mr. William Prynne, againſt drinking of Healths, Entituled, Healths Sickneſs, but not now to be had, or ſeldom thought of; he ſhews the greatneſs of that Sin, and the dangerous conſequence of it both to the Souls and Bodies of Men. There is another large Treatiſe publiſhed by Mr. Robert Younge, Entituled, The Drunkard's Character: Alſo a Sermon preached long ſince by Doctor Robert Harris, called The Drunkard's Cup, out of Iſaiah 5. from the 11. to the 18. verſe. And a Sermon publiſhed many years ſince, Preached at Pauls-Croſs, by Doctor Abraham Gibſon, Entituled, The Lands mourning for vain Swearing; out of theſe words, Becauſe of Oaths the Land mourns.

And now the Land may mourn, not only for vain Swearing, but for vain Drinking of Healths and Drunkenneſs.

After His Majeſties Reſtauration, there was, I remember, a great Feaſt, at which time there was a Health drank for His Majeſty, and when it came to the turn of an able learned grave Miniſter there preſent, he utterly diſliked and refuſed it: Anſwering, That he would pray for His Majeſties Heath. And if all that are Wellwiſhers to his Majeſties Health, would obey his Proclamation againſt that Vice, in leaving off drinking, either of the Kings Health, or any others, & leave of ſwearing and prophaning the Sabbath; and would conſtantly, earneſtly, and heartily pray for His Majeſties Health, according as the Apoſtle St. Paul exhorts Timothy, 1 Tim. 2. 3. That Supplication and Prayer be made for Kings, and all that are in Authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godlineſs and honeſty. I ſay, then we ſhould be in hopes to ſee better Times, and better Trading: The generality cry out of their want of Trading, and of the Sins of the Rulers; but our chief Work and Duty is to look more narrowly at home, and to find out the Plague of our own Hearts. Who ſmites upon his Thigh? who ſaith, what have I done? We are apt to forget the late dreadful Judgments of God; as that of the Deſtroying-Sword, the ſad deſtroying Peſtilence, when from the 20th of December, 1664. to the 15th of December, 1665. there died of all Diſeaſes 97396, and of the Plague 68596; and in one week▪ which I find to be the greateſt of all, was in September 19. 1665, there died of the Plague in London and Liberties 7165, of all Diſeaſes 8297 that one week. Can London ever forget thoſe ſad and lamentable conſuming Flames, that brake [Page] forth the Second of September, 1666? The ruinous heaps on 373 Acres within, and 63 Acres without the old Line, the ghaſtly walls of 89 Pariſh-Churches, and ſtately Houſes and Halls, with the Royal Exchange, and as it was computed Thirteen thouſand and two hundred Houſes, with a vaſt deal of Goods, Houſhold-ſtuff, and rich Commodities; and, I think, Book-ſellers may eaſily remember the many Ware-houſes of good Books of all ſorts, then turned to Aſhes, at St. Faiths Church, and in other places about the City.

There was a Book publiſhed by Mr. Thomas Brooks, Dedicated to Sir William Turner Lord Mayor (who deſerved much Love and Honour, for being ſo great a Furtherer of building the City and Royal Exchange, that lay long in Ruins) Entituled, London's Lamentations, being a ſerious Diſcourſe of the late fiery Diſpenſation, that turned our Renowned City into a ruinous Heap. In the ſecond part, or application of that Book, Page 36. is ſhewed, That the burning of London was a National Judgment, and that God in ſmiting London, did ſmite England round: And what Sins bring deſolating Judgments upon Perſons and Places? Intemperance and Drunkenneſs is one Sin, and that we are to ſee the hand of the Lord in that dreadful Fire, and to take heed of thoſe Sins that bring the fiery Rod, with the ſeveral Leſſons and Duties we are to learn by it.

We may eaſily ſee that the Lord will not ſuffer us to be forgetful of his great Judgments, by the ſeveral freſh Remembrances he hath given us, by ſad Fires in divers places ſince, in and near the City. Not long after the dreadful Fire, there was a Merchants great houſe, almoſt finiſhed, in Mincing Lane, burned and quite defaced; after that, two great Fires brake forth in Southwark at ſeveral times and places: Another at the Savoy, which did much harm; Another at the corner of St. Bartholomew Lane, a Herald-Painter's Houſe, Mr. Francis Nowers himſelf, his Child and Nurſe was burned. Another in White-Chappel, and ſeveral perſons burned there. Another ſad Fire was in or near Thames ſtreet, which burned to the ground a great Sugar-Baker's Houſe, with many thouſand pounds worth of Sugar, belonging to ſeveral Partners; it began September the Second, the Lords-day, 1671. And now laſt Whit-Sunday morning, at St. Katherines near Tower-hill, brake forth a very grievous lamentable Fire, which, as it is Reported, conſumed above one hundred Dwelling-houſes, and divers Ships, and ſome people were burned and killed by it. After that, another great Fire that conſumed about a dozen Houſes, and part of Sir Paul Pindar's houſe, [Page] without Biſhopſgate, i [...] June, 1672. A few dayys after brake forth another Fire, which burned ſeveral Houſes in Crutched-Friers. One at Camomile-ſtreet: At the Swan at Holborn-Bridge: A Brick houſe in Grub-ſtreet.

We may do well to take that Counſel of our Saviour to the impotent man that he had cured, and had been at the Pool of Bethſaida, who had an Infirmity thirty eight years, John 5. 14. Chriſt bid him go and ſin no more, leaſt a worſe thing befal him; it was old Mr. Wheatlyes Text of Banbury, after it was burned: Read the 26 of Leviticus, how greatly the Lord threatned the people of Iſrael, if they were Diſobedient to him; He threatens great Judgments, and to make their Cities waſt, and the Land deſolate; and in the verſes 18, 21, 24, 28. it is four times threatned, That he will puniſh them ſeven times more for their Iniquities. God hath ſhot Three Arrows againſt us, and how eaſily can he ſhoot a Fourth Tore Arrow, that of the Famine, unleſs we turn from our Sins by true Repentance. It is to be feared, that after all that hath or can be ſaid to reclaim men from their evil Courſes, and exceſſes in Drinking, that they will be ſwayed by Cuſtome, which is a ſecond Nature; and it will be found as difficult for them to be temperate in Smoking, and Drinking, and Feaſting, as it is for the Blackmore to change his Skin, or the Leopard his Spots. So that they will rather ſay, as he that being adviſed by his Phyſician to leave of his evil Courſes, or elſe he would looſe his Sigh, anſwered, Tum valeat lumen amicum▪ Then ſarewel ſweet Light. To ſuch it may be ſaid, as Solomon ſaith, Rejoyce O young man in thy Youth walk in the ſight of thine Eyes, and let thy Heart chear thee; but remember that for all theſe things God will bring thee to Judgment.

We all know, That Sin is the fore-runner of all Plagues and Calamities, that ever came upon any People or Nation under Heaven; it is the Plague of Plagues: What provoked God to drown the old World, but Sin? What cauſed God to rain down Fire and Brimſtone on Sodom and Gomorrah, but their Sins of Pride, Idleneſs, and fulneſs of Bread? And whilſt Abraham interceded for Sodom, had there been but Ten righteous perſons found amongſt them, God would have ſpared them for their ſakes. Thus I have ſpoken againſt Sin in general, as that which draws down Judgments upon our Heads: I will only lay a few Scriptures before you, touching the Lord's anger againſt Sin, which he cannot indure to behold without great indignation: For it is only Sin that makes a ſeparation [Page] between God and our Souls; and I deſire the Reader to turn to them at his leiſure, and to make the beſt uſe and application of them, Hoſea 4. 1, 2, 3. Iſaiah 22. 12, 13, 14. Iſaiah 24. 7, 8, 9. Geneſis 12. 10. Chap. 26. 1. 42. 5. 43. 1. Chap. 41. 30. 36. 50. 56. 57. Prov. 15. 26, 29.

That Sea-man that being ingaged in a Ship, and ſees it in danger to ſink, or to be caſt away; is but an ill and unworthy Seaman that will not put to his helping hand to ſave her. And are not all Engliſh-men engaged in the Ship of the Kingdom, or Commonwealth of England? and is it not in a Storm, compaſſed with Enemies without, and within moleſted and aſſaulted with the moſt dangerous Enemies of all; over-laden with our grand Enemies, Sins of all ſorts? Is it not the part of an honeſt true Engliſh-man to help to ſave this Ship, by lightening its burden, and caſting theſe bad Commodities over-board? I mean its Sins, that by ſo doing, we may engage God, the Lord of Hoſts on our ſide, and then, ſi Deus nobiſcum [...]uis contra nos: Did but England's Sins weigh lighter then her Enemies Sins, then we were more likely to be Victorious and Conquerors over all our Forreign Enemies.

Doth not England match any of her Enemies in Sins and Provocations, namely Drunkenneſs? Doth it come behind the Dutch, Dane, or Swede, which are counted the higheſt Drinkers in the World, of the higheſt form, and ſo for ſwearing moſt horrible Oaths, and ſcoffing at Religion and Piety.

Within ten days ſince I began this Collection or Poſtſcript, I was an Eye and Ear-witneſs, That a ſwaggering Blade rapt out this Oath, God damn me, about a trifle in a ſcoffing Frolick, ſaying, He had got a Presbyterian Band on he thought. Another man on Whitſon-Eve I ſaw ſo ſadly drunk, he could neither go nor ſtand, but ſate down on a Door-ſtone, I asked him, Where he had been? He would give no other Anſwer but this, That he was troubled with the Megromes. So I and others about him left him, and know not what became of him: Theſe two were in the heart of the City, near the Exchange.

After I had ſeen King James his Counterblaſt againſt Tobacco and taken a liking to it: I did at the firſt intend only to get that printed alone, but afterwards meeting with theſe pertinent, ſutable, and profitable Directions, for the preſervation of long Life, both againſt Tobacco, and intemperate drinking; Publiſhed in the Works of that learned Phyſician Doctor Maynwaring, now living: I thought it not amiſs to joyn them together, and likewiſe to add [Page] a good old Sermon at the latter end, Preached, in or near the time of King James, by a [...]mous Learned Divine, Mr. Samuel Ward then Preacher of Ipſwich, printed 1627. It is but brief, and the beſt I know of in print againſt the Sin of Drunkenneſs and Healthdrinking, wherein are diſcovered divers ſad Examples of many that have been notorious Drinkers or Drunkards, called Woe to Drunkards, that have kill'd themſelves by drinking immoderately.

In the laſt place I ſhall but commend to the Reader a few good uſeful Books, viz. Mr. Thomas Brook's Londons Lamentations, alſo his Book called Precious Remedies againſt Satan's Devices, and his Twenty two Sermons on Epheſ. 3. 8. Of the unſearchable Riches of Chriſt, His Cabinet of Jewels, His Cloſet Prayer, and a profitable and very delightſome Book of good Counſel for all young Perſons, called His Apples of Gold for young Men and Women, &c. Mr. Thomas Watſon's new Treatiſe, Entituled. The miſchief of Sin, it brings a perſon low, on Pſal. 106. 43. Mr. Ralph Venning's Book, called Sin the Plague of Plagues, or ſinful Sin the worſt of Evils, on Rom. 7. 13. Theſe Books do ſet forth Sin in its own proper colours; it is compared in Scripture to filthy Rags, and to a menſtruous Cloth; and I think it cannot be called by ſo bad a name as it is. Alſo lately Publiſhed Mr. Robert Perrot's new Book called Englands Sole, and Soveraign way of being ſaved. Mr. Calamie's Godly mans Ark, which I think is a uſeful and ſeaſonable Book theſe ſtormy Times: Now we are purſued by Enemies on all ſides, outward and inward, it's good to get into an Ark, or City of Refuge: Theſe are ſold at the Three Bibles in Popes head Alley, where the beſt and neweſt ſhorthand Books, and Books of Divinity are to be had: Alſo Hiſtory, Husbandry Aſtronomy, Mathematicks, Arithmetick, Law, Sea, Phyſick, the beſt Poetry, School Books &c.

Five Books of the learned Doctor Maynwarings.

1. HisPreſervation of Health, and Prolongation of Life.

2. His TreatiſeOf the Scurvy, ſhewingThat Tobaccois a procuring Cauſe.

3.The riſe and progreſs of Phyſick Hiſtorically, Chronologically and Philoſophically illuſtrated, ſhewing,The abuſe of Medicines, &c.

4. His TreatiſeOf Conſumptions, demonſtrating their Nature and Cure.

5.The ancient and modern Practice of Phyſick examined, ſtated and compared.

[Page] The true Elixir Proprieta [...]i [...] of Van Helmont, Paracelſus & Crollius, with a Book of its uſe and vertue, highly cominended by Mr. Lilly.

As for other Books of vain idle Romances, Laſcivious and Vitious Poetry and Drollery, which are worſe then the Smoke of Tobacco, and more fit for the Fire to make Smoke of, then for the Study; I wiſh the Lovers of them to take notice of this one Paſſage about ſuch, in Mr. Philip Goodwin's Myſtery of Drunkenneſs, printed for Francis Tyton; it is in Page 50. Satan ſends out his Books as Baits, by which many are cunningly caught, with the Venome of which ſo many are poyſoned.

FINIS.

[Page]

Information about this book

Title statement

Two broad-sides against tobacco the first given by King James of famous memory, his Counterblast to tobacco : the second transcribed out of that learned physician Dr. Everard Maynwaringe, his Treatise of the scurvy : to which is added, serious cautions against excess in drinking, taken out of another work of the same author, his Preservation of health and prolongation of life : with a short collection, out of Dr. George Thompson's treatise of Bloud, against smoking tobacco : also many examples of God's severe judgments upon notorious drunkards, who have died suddenly, in a sermon preached by Mr. Samuel Ward : concluding with two poems against tobacco and coffee / corrected and published, as very proper for this age, by J.H.

Edition statement

1672

Publication

Publisher

Text Creation Partnership,

Place of publication

Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :

Date

2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).

ID [DLPS]

A70365

ID [STC]

Wing J147

ID [STC]

ESTC R19830

ID [EEBO-CITATION]

12172966

ID [OCLC]

ocm 12172966

ID [VID]

55480

Availability

This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal. The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

Series

Early English books online.

Notes

(EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A70365)

Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 55480)

Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 892:17 or 1538:6)

Source

— Two broad-sides against tobacco the first given by King James of famous memory, his Counterblast to tobacco : the second transcribed out of that learned physician Dr. Everard Maynwaringe, his Treatise of the scurvy : to which is added, serious cautions against excess in drinking, taken out of another work of the same author, his Preservation of health and prolongation of life : with a short collection, out of Dr. George Thompson's treatise of Bloud, against smoking tobacco : also many examples of God's severe judgments upon notorious drunkards, who have died suddenly, in a sermon preached by Mr. Samuel Ward : concluding with two poems against tobacco and coffee / corrected and published, as very proper for this age, by J.H., James I, King of England, 1566-1625. Counterblaste to tobacco., Maynwaringe, Everard, 1628-1699? Treatise of the scurvy., Thomson, George, 17th cent., Ward, Samuel, 1577-1640. Woe to drunkards., Sylvester, Josuah, 1563-1618. Tobacco battered..

Extent

[6], 72 p. : ill.

Printed for John Hancock ...,. London :: 1672.. (Caption title: Tobacco battered, and the pipes shattered ... p. 48-57.) (Caption title: A broad-side against coffee, or, The marriage of the Turk p. 58-62.) (Item at reel 1538:6 identified as Wing T3429 (number cancelled in Wing 2nd ed.).) (Reproduction of original in Cambridge University Library.)

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