THere is four sorts of Scurvygrass. 1. There is Scurvygrass with a very round leaf, and is called Dutch Scurvygrass, the Dutch Scurvygrass of Pena and Lobelius; the Britanica of Gesner. Lobelius and Bauhinus write it is a kin to Treacle, Mustard, and Cress: this is the common sort. (vid. Fig. 1.) The second sort is that with the hollow or crooked leaves▪ called Britanica, Bistort of Pena, English Scurvygrass, with leaves of wild Arach, or Allseed, of which Vid. Observat. stirp. p. 1570. Lobelius C. L. and his printed Figure of the same. This you may behold (Fig. the 2. of this Book;) this sort is unusual with us. The third kind is the Creeping Scurvygrass of Bauhinus, the least sort of creeping Sea Scurvygrass: Of Tho. Bartholinus it is called, Coclearia Amagria Insula Supina, the greater, and the less, Sim. Paul. quadripart Botanic. Simon Paulus (Fig. the 3. and 4.) Ioh. Wier. Tract. de Scor p. m. 336. Iohannes Wierus makes another difference of Scurvygrass, by reason of its Age. His words are these: At its first springing forth, it puts out leaves like Ophioglossum, or Adders tongue, which arise together with its stalks from the roots; after that, being grown somewhat elder, it becomes more fleshy, or pulpy, and is very like Asserebecca, both in bigness and Figure, only it hath blunter points on the edges of its leaves,(Vide Fig. 4. & Fig. 1.) commonly 7 or 9, chiefly in the Winter time; the least part of the leaf is plain, but most usually it appeares hollowed like a Spoon; from which reason it derives its name, both among the Germans and Latines: So that you may deservedly call it Catyldon, or a hollow Dish. After another years growth its leaves become like Ivy, and Asserebecca and they grow thinner by degrees, more and more, as they grow higher from the root, and are nearer the knobby, and bossy, or top part of the Plant; and so the leaves grow more manifestly pointed, and that in the Months of March, April, and May, at which time their Flower flourisheth at the height. In the place of which, afterwards in the Month of Iune, there succeeds plenty of seed, which being ripe, it appears in little Husks, and they are small and plain, and of an obscure red colour: the Root of this is slender, white, strait, and not long.

SCurvy grass is of the Classis of those Plants, which are of a hot and dry faculty Pilleter. Plant Synonym. p. 1152., in the same degree with the third sort of green Water Cresses, and is not unlike it in quality and taste, Schrod. Pharm. Medic. Chym. lib. 4. Clas. 1. p. 50. Schroderus. In Groenland, as it is noted by Simon Paulus Quadripart, Botanic. p. 209. it is almost insipid or tasteless. It is indowed with an opening and Diaphoretick power, rendring fixed and crude humours, volatile and spiritual, and resists putrefaction; from whence it is useful in the obstructions of the Mesentery, spleen, and diseases of the Hypocondryes. Therefore Brunnerus Brunn. Corsil. 63. p. 337. sayes, Scurvygrass doth not onely wonderfully mend the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 or disorders of the Spleen, but also powerfully opens obstructions, it liquefieth, cuts, attenuates, and cleanseth Melancholly mixed with Phlegmetick humours, and sends them to the Kidneys, and therefore doth happily cure the Cacochymy or vitious juices of the Body, proceeding from swollen, or great spleens, and that chiefly, if the decoction of it be made with whey of Goats Milk. Schwenkf. C. L. p. 262. Maeb. Epitom. Instit. Med. l. 5. part. 2. § 8. c. 29. p. 662. It is profitable against the Dropsie. It procureth Womens courses. The seed is effectual in expelling by sweat the small Pox, and Measles, Frider. Hoffman Frid. Hoff. Meth. Med. Wallejan. p. 14.. But chiefly Scurvygrass doth powerfully cure the Scurvy and its Symptomes; wherefore it is called Scorbuticorum Levamon. the solace or comfort of the Scorbutick, by Iohannes Iohnston Ioh. Iohns. in Notit. regni vegetab p. 302. (a Physitian that will easily be allowed the chief of our Times). Upon what account it doth avail in the Scurvy is taught by Sennertus Senn. l. 3. Med. prac • . part. 5. §. 2. Cap 4. p. 613.. It abounds with a volatile Salt of a certain bitterish Taste, for which cause it opens and penetrates those crude, gross humours, and renders them volatile, as the Chymist speaks; It discusseth and purgeth by Urine and Sweat; It strengthens the Bowels. Almost all modern Physitians do agree, that in the Scorbutick 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 humour there abounds a gross and fixed salt, like that which is in smoked and dryed flesh, and this is proved by me in my Tract. de varis seu Arthridite vaga Scorbutica. If this Salt therefore shall be made volatile, it may be discussed and expelled with the more ease, but if the Scorbutick Salt be volatile, as it is in the running Gout, it is further attenuated, and fitted for discussion by the secret pores of the skin, by the volatile Salt of Scurvygrass, or because this Salt (viz. in the Scurvy) is most commonly acid, and therefore apt to cause such intolerable pains by the volatile Salt of Scurvygrass, it is drunk in and mortified. The chief Antiscorbutick power or vertue of Scurvygrass is occult or secret, as almost all modern Physitians do agree, as it also appears in my Tractate de varis. Iohannes Ioachim Bechorus In suo Parnas. Medicin. illustrato. p. 324. describes the vertue of Scurvygrass in these following Verses.

Scurvygrass is not onely used inwardly, but outwardly also, as you may see hereafter in the one and twentieth Chapter of this Book.

IT is declared in the former Chapter there may be made many different Formes of Medicines from the Leaves of Scurvygrass, and among the rest Embemma or Sawces. What is signified by Embemma may be gathered from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , i. e. immergere, intingere, to dip under, or dip into, and seemeth to be derived from thence, from whence the Latines call Sawces Intinctus, the Germanes name it, ein Tuncte, ein Titsche. Sawces are made of divers things; as for example, of Cappers, of the Pulp of Apples, with Pulp, or rather the Juice, of Lemmons and Wine, with the Roots of Horse Reddish grated, adding Vinegar unto it, with Mustard-seed ground small, either with Vinegar, or Must, or the Juice of Grapes, from whence it is called Mustardt by the Borderers. Sawces are also prepared of Water Cresses, and Wine, and Sugar. Also Sawces may be made of Scurvygrass, if, for example, its fresh gathered leaves be cut small, mixt with Sugar, and a sufficient quantity of Wine poured upon it. You may mix Scurvygrass and Water Cresses together, and prepare them the same way, or take of Scurvygrass very small cut or minced, and adde of juice of Lemmons or sowre Orenges, and so you will have a Sawce pleasant to the taste, and effectual against the Scurvy, for these kind of Sawces are mighty advantagious in the Scurvy, insomuch that the People of Norway are preserved from this Disease by the use of them, as is asserted by Gr. Hors. lib. 1. de tuend. San. c. • 6. p. 72. Gr. Horst.

EVgalonus doth affirm, that he hath cured many Scorbutick Persons, onely with the Decoction of Scurvygrass. The leaves of the new Scurvygrass are to be boiled in Milk, or, if they be troubled also with a fever and heat, then boil them in Butter-milk Vid. Sennert. l. 3. Med. Pract. p. 5. sect. 2. c. 6. p. 619., also in Whey, Wine, Ale, Beer, or Water, and let the Decoction thereof be drank several dayes together, if the leaves of Scurvygrass be used by themselves, they ought not to be boiled long, and if they are boiled with other ingredients, they ought to be added towards the end of the boiling, lest the volatile Salt do quite vanish away. There are many Decoctions described by Authors in which among the rest, the fresh leaves of Scurvygrass do not enter the decoction singly, and by themselves, but mixed with other things as well purgative as sudorisick, of which sort is the Decoction of Sennert. l. 3. Med. pract. p. 5. § 2, c. 6▪ p. 617. Sennertus.

℞ Of The Roots of Cichory, of Fennel, of wild Redish, of each ℥ 1. of Wake Robin prepared ʒ ss. The Leaves of Scurvygrass, of Water Cress, of Brooklime, of each M. 2. of Card. Bened. of Fumetery, of Centaury the less, of Wormwood, of each M. ss. Let them be boiled in a close Vessel in whey of Goats Milk, or in Renish Wine lb 4.

In the same place he hath this Decoction.

Let them be bruised in a stone Mortar, and let them be boiled in Goats Milk or Whey.

The Purging Potion of Mat. Mart. p. M 667. Matthias Martinus in his Tract of the Scurvy.

℞ Of The Leaves of Fumetery, of fresh Scurvygrass, of Brooklime, of Maidenhair, of Spleenwort, of Agrimony, of each M. 2. of Scabiose, of Miltwast, of each M. ss. The Cordial Flowers of each, P. 1▪ Liquoris Root bruised ʒ 6. The Leaves of Senna, ℥ 1. Choise Rubarb. The Bark of Indian Mirabalans prepar'd, of each, ℈ 4. Raisins of the Sun stoned, ʒ 9. Clean picked Barley, P. 1. Schaenanth or Camels hay ℈ 1.

Let them be boiled in Whey to the quantity of one pint, let them remain in infusion for a night, to the straining add, Of the Syrup of Forestus against the Scurvy, ℥ 2. Of the repeated infusion of Roses, Of Nicholas his Syrup of Cichory with Rubarb, of each ℥ss.

Mix them for three doses to be taken in the mornings, with which there use to be voided much filthy melancholy.

The sweating Decoction of China, of the same Author, in the same Pag. 713. Book.

℞ Of The Roots of China ℥ 2. Sarsaparilla. Scorzonera or Vipers Grass, of each ℥ 1. ss. of Liquoris ʒ 6. The Seeds of Meloris of Cucumbers, of each ʒ 2. The Leaves of Brooklime, M. 1. ss. of Scurvygrass, M. 1. The Flowers of Bugloss, M. ss. Raisins of the Sun, ℥ 3. Harts horn burned ℥ss. Rhodium wood rasped, ʒ 3. Cinamon, ʒ 2.

With these being grosly bruised prepare a Decoction with Barly Water, or the Broth of an Hen without Salt, it is extreamly good to procure sweat with.

The Decoction against the Scorbutick Consumption of the same Pag▪ 7 •• . Author.

℞ Of The Bark of Cichory Roots, of Parsly Roots, an. ℥ss. The Leaves of Spleenwort, of Cichory, of Miltwaste, of Brooklime, of Scurvygrass, of Fumetery, of Agrimony, of Roman Wormwood of each M. ss. The Cordial Flowers, P. 1. The seeds of Anise ʒ 1. of Endive, of Agnus Castus, or the Chaste Tree, of each, ʒ ss. Raisins of the Sun skin'd and stoned, ʒ 6. The Bark of Capper Roots, ʒ 3.

Make a Decoction for a pint and half, in Beer or else in common water, and add to the straining Of Ferestus his Syrup against the Scurvy, ℥ 1. ss. Of Fumetery, Of Cichory with Rubarb, Of Endive, of each ℥ss.

The Broth of an old Cock by the same Mat. Mart▪ p 668. Author is much commended.

℞ Of Vipers Grass, Polypodium, of each ℥ 1. ss. Asparagus, Bugloss, of each ℥ss. White-wine Tartar, or else of the Cream of Tartar, The seeds of Carthamus or bastard Saffron bruised, of each ʒ 10. of Anise, of Carrawayes, of each ʒ 2. Gummy Turbith Roots ʒ 5. Salt Gem or Mountain Salt ʒ 2. The Leaves of Senna of Alexandria, ℥ 2. The Roots of Galingale, of Ginger, of each ʒ 1. ss. Cinamon ʒ 1. The Flowers of Bugloss, of Violets, The Leavs of Agrimony, of Miltwast, of Betony, of Germander, of Gout-ivy, of SCURVYGRASS of each M. 1.

All being bruised, let them be stuffed into the belly of an old Cock, and let them be boiled in three parts water, and one part Whitewine; let this Decoction be used for divers dayes together.

Barbet hath this Apozema or Decoction. Barb. lib. 4. Prax. cap. 8.

℞ Of The Roots of Raddishes ʒ 3. of Fern ℥ 1. The Leavs of Brooklime, of Water Cress, of Scurvygrass, of each P. 1. Tamarinds ℥ 1. The seeds of Smallage ʒ ss.

Boils it in Barly water, or Rhenish wine, and in ℥ 24. of the straining dissolve, Of the Syrup of the five opening Roots ℥ 2. adding Of Spirit of Vitriol 8. drops.

Mix them and make an Apozema.

Gregory Horstius his sweating Potion, which he describes Lib. 2. c. 4. p. m. 270. Tract. de Tuend. San. The Roots of Devils bit, of Sarsaparilla, of true round Aristoloch, or Birthworth, an. ʒ 3. The Herbs SCURVYGRASS, M. 1. Sage, Bettony, Southernwood, Rue, Periwinckle, of each, P. 1. The seeds of Columbine ʒ 2.

Boil them in the water of Water-Cresses, of Brooklime, of SCVRVYGRASS, of each a like quantity, to the consumption of half the liquor, strain through a sieve or cloath with ℥ 6. of this decoction, 7 earth worms, which have circles about their necks, then add of Treacle ʒ ss. of Cinamon water ʒ 2. of Spirit of SCVRVYGRASS ʒ 1. ss. of the mixture S. Vitriolate 8. dr. mix them ℞ of this ℥ 1. ss. Add to it of Oriental Bezoar-stone gr. 5. of Spirit of Tarra sigill. ʒ 5. mix them for one dose to procure sweat.

This Apozem ▪ is commended by Dr. Iohn Michael Fehr ▪ Dr. Ioh Mich. Fehr in sua Hiera, Picra. p. 132. he there describes it, vid. infra c. 19. the Worthy President of the Colledge of the Curiously inquisitive after Nature.

The Decoction of Forrestus, which is opening, discussing, strengthening, which he describes, Lib. 20. Observ. H. p. M. 298.

℞ Of The Bark of the Roots of Cichory, of Parsly, an. ʒ ss. The Herb of Spleenwort, Of Cichory, of Miltwast, of Brooklime, of SCURVYGRASS, of Fumetery, of Agrimony, of Roman Wormwood, of each M.B. The Cordial Flowers, of each P. 1. The Seeds of Anise ʒ 1. of Endive, of Agnus Castus, of each ʒ ss. Raisins of the Sun stoned P. 1. The Bark of Capper Roots, ʒ 3.

Make a Decoction in Common water to a Pint and half, add to this being strained, Of the Syrup against the Scurvy, Of Fumetory, Of Endive, Of Cichory with Rubarb, of each ℥ss. mix them.

This before cited Author writeth, that he hath not found a more efficacious experiment in the Scurvy, he Observ 12: p. M. 303. reports that he had ordered some the Decoction of Scurvygrass and Brooklime in common Beer. Hartm. Prax. Chym. p. M. 214. Hartman commends for poor people in the Scurvy the Decoction of Guaiacum wood with Scurvygrass. Brown in Consel, 30. p. 165. Brannerus writeth, that the Decoction of Milk or Goats Whey in which Scurvy Grass hath been boiled, is very profitable for those in diseases of Melancholly, and in Tumors, and swellings, which fear a flux of melancholy matter.

It is to be observed of many of the Decoctions before cited, that they are unpleasant, and that there is too great a quantity alotted for one dose. If Physitians of our Age should prescribe such, they would be deluded by their Patients. Therefore it behoves every Physitian, that he prescribes Medicine in a less quantity, and more grateful to the Pallat. Care is to be taken also in these kinds of Decoctions, lest that the Leaves of Assaracabacca be mistaken for the leaves of Scurvygrass, as was done in Denmark by pretenders to Physick, endeavouring to cure themselves and others, and to that purpose caused them to be infused, being bruised in Antiscorbutick potions, from the use of which Medicines, they fell into Vomitings, and so they suffered much pain and punishment, as a justly merited reward for their foolish Physick, as is testified by Simon Paulus Sim. Paul. Quadripart. Bot an. Clas. 2. p 529.. But here in this place such a mistake is not to be feared, because our women commonly know Scurvygrass, but it were to be wished if the Medicasters of both Sexes, of which here are more than a few, that the Magistrate would lay some heavier punishment upon them, that they might not without Punishment kill so many as they do. Galen counts them to differ nothing from Thieves onely in this, that these get their Prey in Cities, and the other in Mountains and Woods. Nay he rightly affirms that they are much worse than Robbers, for they onely take away the money of Travellers, and are subject to be punished, but these are rewarded for taking away the mony together with the Life of the Sick.

THis Wine made of the Leaves of Scurvygrass is prepared two several wayes, that is, either by Fermentation or without Fermentation; without Fermenting it is done thus,

Take Must or New Wine, not trod out with feet, through a Sack, but clear and squeezed forth by a Press, whilst it is yet new, and hath not hitherto fermented or worked; put it into a very clean Barrel, in which are great quantities of fresh gathered Scurvygrass leaves made pure and cleansed from all filth and dirt, and put into the Barrels, till they be filled to the middle, so that the Leaves and the New Wine may be of like quantities, and that the Vessels may be filled to the Top, the Barrel ought to be stopt up exactly, and so you will have in short time (if you have done as you should) a Wine clear, red, and almost sweet, almost equalling Sack in its relish, having sensibly both the smell and taste of Scurvygrass, yet not ungrateful to the Pallat.

Scurvygrass Wine is made by Fermentation, if in an open Vessel in which the Must doth work, you put in the Leaves of Scurvygrass, but not in so large quantities, whose taste 'tis true, will not be so pleasant to the Pallat, but is of great force and vertue in the Scurvy, insomuch that it doth exceed wormwood Wine, which is so much commended in the Scurvy.

The Causes hindring the Fermentation of the first sort of Wine are three: The first is the addition of the Leaves of Scurvygrass to the Must or New Wine, which hath not yet wrought, for it is otherways if it hath already begun to ferment, for then you can scarcely hinder it to proceed, wherefore Kirg. de Ferm. §. 2. c. 8. pag. 13▪ Kirger is in the right, (who saith) if the first degree of fermentation be begun, or be upon its increasing, it moves towards it height or state, it is not then any longer in 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 〈1 page duplicate〉 the power of the chief Form to call back those parts that are already separated, or to hinder those from separating themselves. Secondly, the close stopping up the Vessel, and thereby denying a free space or convenient room, by that means the Must cannot rarifie it self, nor expand its parts, which rarification and expansion are absolutely necessary to cause Fermentation. Such mute or stifled Wines the Germans call stumme Weine oder verhaltene Moste, that is, stum or unworked Must.

Thirdly, By taking away the Ferment (or particles which cause the workings in the Must, by the addition of the great quantity of the Leaves of Scurvygrass. For the Faeces or dregs of the Must (which is its Ferment, or that which causeth it to work) sticketh to these Leaves, and so is hindred in its operation, as it is done in the Wine called by the Germans spahe Wein, that is, Stum. When for the same purpose they put into Barrels filled with Must, or Juice of Grapes, the smooth and slender twigs of Ash, Birch, Tamarisk, or Hasel wood. But if the Faeces be not impeded, than by reason of their acidity with which they are endowed in a large proportion, upon the Score of their Salt, the Must having space enough can easily ferment, after the same manner that acid Ferments ferment the humours in our Bodies and are wont to excite and stir up Fevers; for it is the general opinion of modern Physitians, that the chief cause of Fevers is fermentation, which is more largely proved by Dr. Thomas Willis and Kergerus, Kergerus. by whose reasons being moved, I also embrace the same opinion, but after what manner, and with what ferments the feverish fermentation is performed, which is the cause of every fever (for in this Authors differ, and therefore) I think it convenient in this place to delineate, or give as it were a 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or short account, as it were 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or a discourse of Fevers, that so there may be an occasion started for a further inquiry into the Nature of the thing, reserving a Tract of this Subject to another time 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 .

There are to be considered in this feverish fermentation; the ferments, the humors fermenting; the place in which the fermentation is made, and the time of the Fermentation.

The Ferments are Plagme, Coller, the Pancratick juice, the Salt residing in our bodies (if they happen to be preternatural or unkindly constituted, and have acquired to themselves either an acide, or some other fermenting faculty) and poison.

The Humours fermenting in Fevers are the Chyle the Lymphatick juice, the Blood.

The place in which fermentation is made is threefold; the Vessels in which these humours are contained, viz. The Venae Lacteae, or Milky Veins; the Lymphatick Vessels, and the Veins and Arteries.

The time of the Fermentation is various upon the score of its duration; for Fevers, by reason of the diversities of their Ferment, on the account of their Qualities and quantities, and also the distance of the Vessels are either short or long, some of them prove continual, some again are Intermitting, and these happen either every day, or return upon the third or fourth day, and these have their certain times of coming about and endings.

Intermitting Fevers or Agues are produced in the Milky Veins, from praeternatural phlegm, from whence are phlegmatick and Quotidian Agues, commonly called Crude (of the Germanes Magan Fieber) because the phlegmatick juice of the Crude nourishment in a weak stomack, being not rightly resolved and volatized, by its Ferment, it becomes sowr. From praeternatural choller, Bilious and Tertian Agues are produced; and from the Pancratick juice, Melancholy, and Quartan Agues.

If in the Lymphatick Vessels, its juice shall grow sowr by reason of a strange Salt, and shall ferment there, there will arise Fevers joyned with Catarhs and Defluxions.

If the Blood do ferment in the Veins and Arteries, either the venal or arterial Blood (which is to be look'd upon as one and the same liquor by reason of its circulation, happily found out by Dr. Harvy) from thence will arise Continual Fevers, as it happens the fermentation from divers ferments is in the Vessels near to, or remote from the Heart.

But if Poison be taken into or generated in the Body (which that such a thing may be, experience teacheth, and is sufficiently proved by Sennertus, Zacutus Lusitanis, and others) then there breaketh out malignant Fevers, as the Measles, Small Pox, Spotted Fever, and the Plague it self.

That the Blood may be made to ferment with venomes, appears from hence, that in such Cases there will come forth Bubo's and Parotides, that is angry swellings in the Groin, under the Arm-pits, and behind the ears, also other little swellings, and after Death the Body will be puffed up and swolne. This saving every mans judgment, I thought fit to add 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , and by the by, and now I return where I left.

Sennertus Sennert, l 3. Med. Pra • . § 2. c. 8. doth direct this Physical Wine.

℞ Of The Roots of Sarsaparilla, of China, The Wood of Sassafras, an. ℥ 2. The Roots of Rhodium, of Avens, or Herb Bennet, of Vipers grass, an. ℥ 1. Harts Tongue, Germander, SCURVYGRASS, Wormwood, an. M. 2. Of the best Cinnamon, ʒ 6. Raisins bruised, lb. 1.

Pour Wine upon them, or which is more convenient Must, to the quantity of half an Amphora, that is take three Gallons, and so make a Physical Wine.

WHat Infusions are, is commonly known, as to wit, let Physical things be steeped in a convenient Liquor, that they may yield their Vertue to it, and put them in a warm or hot place, in a stone or glass Vessel.

So you may also infuse the Leaves of SCURVYGRASS, sometimes by themselves, and sometimes with Alteratives, Purgatives, Diureticks and Sudorificks, and mixed together, and that in Wine, Ale, Milk, Whey, Butter-Milk, &c. as will appear by these following examples:

The Infusion of Matth. Martinius, ℞ Of The Leaves of Scurvygrass, M. 2.

Put them for a night into ℥ 5. of Goats Whey, or let them be boiled in MB, moderately warm, and being strained hard out, mix with it Of Forestus his Syrup against the Scurvy, Or of the Syrup of the juice of Sorrel, ℥ 2.

And let it be drank Cold.

The same Authors Alterative Wine,

℞ Of The Leaves of Brooklime, of Water Cresses, of Scurvygrass, an. M. 1.

Bruise them and steep them in the distilled liquor of Radishes and a fourth part of Wine, or in all White-wine, to the quantity of about a quart, and hang in the straining of the Liquor this following Nodule, or little Bag,

℞ Of Galengal ʒ 2. Spikenard ʒ ss. The best Cinamon ʒ 1. ss. English Saffron ℈ 2.

And make a slight boiling, drink the straining Morning and Evening.

The Wine of SCURVYGRASS of Sennert. l. 5. Med. pract. p. 3. §. 2. c. 9. p. 243. Sennertus.

℞ Of fresh gathered SCURVYGRASS some handfuls, beat them very small and pour upon them Of Rhenish wine some pints, put it in a glass, let it stand in a Cellar three dayes, afterwards let it be strained for use.

The same Authors Senn. l. 3. Med. Prac. part. 5. §. 2, c. 8. pag. 617. Infusion.

℞ Of The Roots of Wilde Radish, ℥ 1. SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Brooklime, Fumatery, of each M. 1. being bruised in a marble Mortar, pour upon them of Milk or Whey a pint and half, let them stand 12 hours in a warm place, afterwards let it be strained, and adde to the straining of Saffron ℈ 1. Cinnamon, ʒ 1. ss. Strong Cinamon Water ʒ ss. Mix them.

OR

℞ Of Water Cresses, SCURVYGRASS, ana. M. 2. Galangal, Cinamon, ana. ℥ 2. Wild-Radish Roots ℥.ss.

Bruise them all in a Stone Mortar, and pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Whey, let them stand in a warm place for a night, and strain them out in the morning.

The Infusion of Dr. Bald. Timaeus of Guldenflee. Lib. 3. Cas. Med. 34. p. 165.

℞ Of fresh wild Radish Roots, cut into round slices ℥iv. pour upon them of Rhenish wine, lb iv.

Let it stand in Infusion for 3. dayes and then strain it afterwards.

Cut them and beat them in a marble Mortar, and pour upon them the former straining, let them stand for a day and a night, then press them strongly out with a Press, and filther it through a whited brown paper. for nice people you may add a little Sugar.

OR

℞ Of Fresh SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, an. M. ii. Fumatery, Wormwood, Pimpernel, ana. M. 1. ss. Ash-tree Bark, ℥i. Iuniper Berries ℥i.ss. Enula Campane Roots, ℥i. Cichory Roots, ʒvi. being cut and bruised grosly, put them in a little Barrel, and pour upon them of new Wine or new Ale six gallons; after it hath worked well, and is clear, take of it twice or thrice in a day from ℥vi. to ℥x. or more, as you think fit.

You may order this following.

℞ Of SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Brooklime, ana. M. ii. Raddish Roots cut into slices, No. i. put them into a sufficient quantity of the best White-wine.

You may take a Wine Glass full of the straining of it when you please, or if you will sweeten it with Sugar.

OR

℞ Of SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Fumatery, ana. M. i.

Pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Whey, let them stand in a glass close stopt for a nights time, in the morning strain it out hard, the dose is ℥iii.

The Physical Wine of Dr. Fredrick Deckers. Fred. Deck. in notis & Obs. in Prax. Barb. p. 148.

℞ Of SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Wall Rue, ana. M. i. Wild Raddish Roots, Polypod Roots, ana. ʒii. Black Hellebore Roots, Ialap, ana. ℥ 1. Choice Senna Leaves ℥i. The yellow Rind of an Oringe ℥ii. Strong Cinamon ʒi.ss. Cruce Tartar, ʒiii. being cut and grosly bruised, sow them in a bag, and put them in a stone pot, and pour upon them of White or else Rhenish wine two quarts. Take a draught of this in the morning.

Nodules belong to Infusions Sen • lib. 3. Med. Pract. part. 5. §. 2. cap. 6. p. 617. Sennertus describes this Nodule.

℞ Of Brooklime, SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, ana. M. 1.

Bruise them and infuse them in Rhenish Wine, afterwards let it be pressed hard out, and in the straining infuse this following Nodule.

Give a draught of this every day.

Brun. Consil. 30. p. 167. Brunnerus prescribes this:

℞ Of The Roots of Fennel, Cichory, Asparagus, ana, ℥ii.ss. The Seeds of Anise ʒii. The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Agrimony, Dodder, Maidenhair, an. M. ss. The Leaves of Senna of Alexandria, ℥i. The Roots of Polypod. of the Oak, ℥ss. The Best Rubarb, ʒiii. of Mechoacan ʒii. Choice Cinamon, ʒi.ss. Spikenard, ℈i. Ginger, ℈ii.

Of these being cut and bruised make according to Art, a Nodule.

These following Nodules are to be found in Tract. de varis, or Arthrite. vag. Scorbut. Cap. 8, p. 106, 107.

℞ Of The Herbs SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Germander, Polypod, ana. M. i. The Roots of wild Raddish, Fern, Polypod. ana. ʒ.ii. The Bark of Capers, Tamarisk, an. ʒi.ss. The Flowers of noble Liverwort, of Cichory, an. P. i. Senna Leaves without Stalks, ℥i. The Roots of Black Hellebore, of Rubarb, an. ʒi.ss. The yellow of Oringe Peel, ʒii. Choice strong Cinamon, ʒi. Clean Crude Tartar, ℥ss. being cut and bruised make a Nodule with fine white Linnen, intitle it the purging Bag for one Can of Wine, of which it is good to take every Morning and Evening a wine Glass full.

℞ Of The Herbs Betony, Germander, Rosemary, Fumatery, Dodder, Spleenwort, Melt-wast, SCURVYGRASS, Brooklime, an. P. 2. The Roots of Polypod. ℥ss. Black Hellebore, ʒvi. The Flowers of Water-Lillies, Arabian Lavander, Rosemary an. P. 1. Senna Leaves without Stalks, ℥i.ʒii. Of Anniseeds, Fennel Seeds, an. ʒi.ss. The purest crude Tartar, ℥ss. Salt of Tartar, ʒi.

Let them be cut and bruised, and make a Nodule with fine white linnen according to Art.

Title the purging Bag for one Kan of Wine.

OR

There may be prescribed this Nodule.

℞ Of The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Brooklime, ana. M. i. Senna leaves without stalks, ℥i.ss. The Flowers of Cichory. P. ii. The Roots of Polypod, of Black Hellebore, an. ℥ss. of Ialap, ʒvi. The Seeds of SCURVYGRASS of Anise, an. ʒi.ss. The best Cinamon, ʒi. Pure white Tartar, ℥ss.

Being cut and bruised make a Nodule with fine white Linnen, Title it the Purging Bag for one Kan of Wine.

THis water is made of the fresh Leaves of Scurvygrass artificially distilled in a Balneo Mariae, water being first poured upon them. For lib • 0. Observ. 1. p. 300. Forestus among distilled Liquors, highly commends the Water of Scurvygrass distilled in Sand: insomuch that they report, by the constant use of it, it will cause the black colour both of the whole body and the Thighs to vanish away. With this water, mixed with other things, variety of Potions may be made, and Powders, and other Antiscorbutick Medicines may be given in it. Compound Scurvygrass waters are described by several Authors, of which the Chief are these which follow:

The Scorbutick water of Quere cap. 7. Pha. mac. Quercetanus.

℞ Of The Bark of Cappers, of Tamarisk, of an Ash-Tree, Polypode Roots of the Oak an. ℥ii. The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Water-Cresses, The Tops of Balm, Agrimony, Meltwaste, Germander, Ground Pine, an. M. ii. The Seeds of Fennel, Anise, Carduus benedict, an. ʒ 1. ss. The Flowers of Broom, Centaury the less, S. Iohnswort, Elder, Wild Time, ana. P. ii.

Let all be infused for three dayes in Fumatery Water, Whey, an. lb iii. Strong White Wine, lb iv. Oxymel of Scylls, lb i.

Then strain it out hard, add to this Liquor Of the Trochises of Cappers, of Diolace, an. ʒvi.

Afterwards distill it in Ashes to dryness: the dose is ℥ii. in the morning three hours before eating to be continued for several dayes together, according to the greatness of the Disease.

The Scorbutick water of Tob. Done in Dispensatorio ipsius, cap. 17. d. m. 132. Tobias Doncrelius.

℞ Of Strong and biting wilde Radish roots, lb iv. Polypode of the Oak, ℥i.ss. The Bark of Capper roots, ℥ss. Fennel Seeds, ℥i. Cardamons, ℥ii. Saffron, ʒi.

Cut the Radish roots into thin round slices, but let the other things be so subtilly powdered, and put them altogether into lb ss. of Rhenish Wine, let them stand in infusion in a warm place for eight dayes, the Vessel being shaken once or twice every day afterwards add Of the Waters of SCVRVYGRASS, Brooklime, Water-Cresses, an. lb i.ss. True Ground-Pine, The Compound-Water of Fumatery, an. lb i. Whey of Goats milk, lb i.ss.

Mix them and distil them in a B. M. with a gentle Fire.

The Scorbutick Water of Senn. l. 3. Med. Prac. part. 5. § 2, c. 6. pag. 621. Sennertus described thus:

℞ Of The Bark of Tamvrisk, of an Ash Tree, Caper Roots, The Roots of Polypod. of the Oak, The Opening Roots, an. ℥i. Gentian, ʒvi. Ellecampaine, Wake Robin, Citron Peel, an. ℥ss. Ground Pine, Germander, Carduus benedict. an. M. i. Trochies of Wormwood, of Cappers, an. ℥i. Rocket Seeds, ℥ss. being bruised add to them Of strong wild Raddish roots lb i.ss. Water Cresses, SCVRVYGRASS. Brooklime, Fumatery, an. lb iii.

Mix them with the others, and when they are bruising, pour upon them, and let them infuse in it.

Distill them.

The Scorbutick Water of Dr. Michael Doringius described by Sennertus Sen. lib. jam citat. ;

℞ Of The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Water-Cresses, Brook-lime, Monywort, Celandine the lesser, Hawkweed, ana. M. i. The Cordial Flowers, an. ʒ.i. Marigolds, ℥ss. The Roots of Gentian ℥i.ss. Sweet smelling Garden Reed, ʒvi. Elecampain, Wake-Robin, an. ℥ss. Dryed Citron Peel, Dryed Oringe Peel, an. ʒiii. Trochise de Eupator or Agrimony ʒvi. The Seeds of Dodder ℥ss. of SCURVYGRASS, of Water Cresses, of Anise, of Fennel, an. ʒii.

Infuse them for three dayes in the waters Of Fumatery, Dodder, Carduus benedictus, an. lb iii. Strong White Wine lb i. Compound Balm Water, lb ss.

According to Art distill it in Glass Vessels in a MB putting into the nose of the Alimbeck a Nodule, made with ʒ ii. spec. Diambrae.

Another Water of the same Authors in the aforesaid place p. 622..

℞ Of The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Brooklime, Water Cresses, Fumatery, Vervain, Ground Pine, an. M. i. The Flowers of Broom, St. Iohns Wort, Borrage, Eugloss, ana. M. ss. The Roots of Ellecampaine The great Celandine, an. ʒvi. Citron Peel, ℥ss. Trochises of Rubarb ʒv. Seeds of Dodder, Anise, Fennel, an, ℥ss. Galingal, ʒvi.

Infuse them three days in the waters Of Fumatery, Dodder, Carduus Benedictus, Strong White Wine, Malaga Sack, an. lb i.ss.

Distill it according to Art in Glass Vessels, hanging in the Alimbeck a Nodule of Species Diambrae, ʒ ii.

Another water of Sennertus Sen. p. 623. in the same place.

℞ Of The Roots of Vipers Grass, Sarsaparilla, an. ℥ii. The Bark of Tamarisk, of Ash tree, an. ℥i.ss. Fresh SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Brooklime, Monywort, Maudlin, Ground Pine, Miltwaste, Germander, Balm, an. M. ii. The Seeds of our Lady Thistle, Columbine, Carduus benedict. an. ℥ss. Fennel, ℈ii. The Flowers of Broom, St. Iohnswort, Elder, Centaury the less, an. M. i.

Infuse them in Whey, Fumatery water, (or the water of Water Cresses) or White wine, ana. lb iv.

Distill the Liquor in Ashes, give of it in a morning ℥ii.

Another of the same Author in the same place.

℞ Of SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Brooklime, an. M. iv. Monywort, Wormwood, Fumatery, Scordium, Arsemart, Balme, Germander, Ground Pine, an. M. i. Sarsaparilla, Guaiacum wood, an ℥iii. The distilled water of Water Cress Agrimony, White Wine, ana. q.s.

Distill them.

Another of the same Author in the same place.

℞ Of Water Cresses, SCURVYGRASS, an. M. iii. Wormwood, Stonecrop the lesser, an. M. ii. The Roots of Wilde Radishes cut into round and thin slices, lb iv. Scorzon. or Vipers grass roots, ℥i. The Bark of Capper Roots, of Tamarisk, an. ʒiii. Fennel Seeds, ʒvi. Grains af Paradice, Cardamons, Saffron, ana. ʒi.

Pour upon them Of Rhenish Wine, lb xvi. The Distilled Water of Scurvygrass, of Fumatery, an. lb i. Goats Whey lb ii.

Let them stand in a warm Bath for a day, afterwards distill them, and give every day ℥iii. of this distilled Liquor.

Another of the same Author in the same place.

℞ Of SCURVYGRASS, Brooklime, Water Cresses, Arsemart, Monywort, an. M. i. Germander, Ground Pine, Scordium, ana. M. ss. Roots of Elecompaine, of Fern, of Oris, of Assarabaca, of Vipers grass, of Sarsaparilla, an. ℥i. Bark of Tamarisk, Cappers, Ash Tree, an. ʒii. Flowers of Elder, Borrage, an. M. ss. Iuniper Berries bruised, ℥iii. Citron Peel, Cinamon, an. ʒiii. Indian Spikenard, Saffron, an. ʒii. Seeds of Rochet, Nettles, Fennel, an. ʒi.ss.

Pour upon them Of the Water of Bugloss, Balme, Water Cresses, an. iii. par. Iuice of Lemmons, Vinegar of Glove Gilly flower, of Elder, an. i. part.

Digest them some dayes in a close Vessel, afterwards press out the juice, distill this expressed liquor in Balneo to the consistance of Sope; pour upon the Remaining part Of the distilled Water of Oxymel of Scyllles lb i. Of White Wine, lb iii.

Digest them some dayes and distill it again.

Another of the same Author in the same place p. 649. to mix with Wine, when you drink.

℞ Of Fresh SCURVYGRASS, M. vi. Water Cresses, Harts Tongue, an. M. ii. Sarsaparilla, ℥iii. Raisins of the Sun bruised lb ss. Iuice of Brooklime lb ss. of Sorrel, lb iii.

Distill them in Balneo.

Gregory Horstius Greg. Horst. Observ. 26. p. 253. describes such kind of Waters, of which sort this is one.

The best Tartar well washed and purified ℥ii. Put them into distilled Whey, let them stand in a warm place for eight days, then distill it in MB, the Dose is ℥iv. every day, for eight dayes together.

Another of the same Author in the same place Observ. 35. p. 277..

℞ Of The Roots of wilde Radish, lb i. Cichory, lb ss. Polypody, Liquoris, an. ℥iii. The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, Banck or WinterCresses, an. M. viii. Betony. Fluelling, an. M. ii. Fennel Seeds ℥i.ss. The best Tartar several times washed and made clean, ℥ii.

Let all these be fresh and green, if possible; Infuse them in distilled Whey, for the space of eight days, then distill them in MB. Dose is ℥iii with Syrup or Iuice of Fumatery, ℥ss.

The Antiscorbutick Water of Hadrianus Hadrian. a Myn. in Armentorio Medico Chymico §. 19. p. 314. a Mynscht.

℞ Of The Roots of wild Radish cut in slices, lb i. Polypody, ℥ii. Angelica, Masterwort, Ledoary, an. ℥i.ss. The shavings of Guaiacum wood, of Sassafras, Sweet smelling Reed, Galingal the less, an. ℥i. Cardamons the less, Saffron, Fennel Seed, The Bark of Cappers, of Tamarisk, an. ʒvi.

Being cut and bruised, infuse them in lb i. of Malaga Sack, for eight dayes, in a warm place, shaking the vessel once or twice every day, afterwards add Of the Waters of Water Cresses, SCURVYGRASS, The lesser Nettles, Stonecrop, The lesser Celandine, Monywort, Fumatery, an. lb i.

Mix them,

And draw it off in MB by a Limbeck.

The Compound Water of Matthaeus Martinius Mat. Mart. in Tract. de Scorbuto. p. 681..

℞ Of The Leaves of Water Cresses, Winter Cresses, an. M. iv. Gout-ivy or Groundpine Arsmart, Balm, ana. Mi. Monywort, Wormwood, Scordium, Fumatery, an. M. i.ss. Fresh SCURVYGRASS, Mvi. Brooklime, M. iii. Sarsaparilla roots, ℥ii.ss. Shavings of Guaiacum Wood, ℥iii.ss. The Seeds of Anise, Fennel, an. ʒii. The Waters of Winter Cresses, Agrimony, Wormwood, The best white Wine, an. q.s.

Distill it according to Art.

Another of the same Author in the same place.

℞ Of Strong wild Radish Roots, lb iv. The Roots of Polypody of the Oak. ℥i.ss. The Bark of Capper Roots, ℥ss. Fennel Seeds, ʒi. Cardamon, ʒii. Saffron, ʒi. Winter Cresses, M. iv. Wormwood, Scordium an. M. iii.

Cut the Radish Roots into thin slices, and let the rest be bruised, and put them altogether in Rhenish Wine lb xvi. Let them stand in a warm Bath for 8 daies, in a convenient Vessel;

After which add of The Water of SCURVYGRASS, Fumatery, an, lb i. Goats Whey, lb i.ss.

Distill them all in MB.

The Water for the Spleen of Dr. Baldasser Timaeus p. 443. of Guldenflee, which is to be found after his Medicinal Epistle.

℞ Of Spleenwort, Tamarisk, Dodder, Fumatery, Maidenhair, Chervell, Wormwood, Wall Rue, Germander, Water Cresses, Scurvygrass, Brooklime, Steeled Wine (i. e.) in which Steel hath been quenched. The Water of Balm, Fumatery, an. lb i.

Let them stand in digestion for a day and a night in MB, then distill them.

Another of the same Author Lib. 3. Cans. Medic. 33. pag. 164..

℞ Of The fresh Herbs of Brooklime, M. iii SCURVYGRASS, Water Cresses, an. M. ii. Fumatery, Sorrell, Cichory, an. M. i. New Citrons, Numb. iii. or iv.

Cut them and beat them in a stone Mortar, pour upon them a sufficient quantity of Goats VVhey. Distill them.

Aqua Polychresta Rolfincii against the Scurvey, and a sickly complexion, which is described by Iohn •• dov. Hanneman, in Prodromo Le • ici Medic. Pag. 77, 78.

℞ Of The Bark of Capper Roots, Tamarisk, Ash tree, The Roots of Cichory, Briony, Polypody, Swallow wort, Asparagus, Parsly, Vipers grass, an. ℥iii. China Roots, Sarsaparilla, Wilde Time, an. ℥iii. The Leaves of Agrimony, Pontich Wormwood, Cent 〈…〉 lesser, Germander, SCURVYGRASS, Dodder, Fumatery, Hyssop, Balm, Water Cresses, Sage, an. M. ii. The shavings of Guaiacum wood, ℥i. of Sassafras, of Red Sanders, an. ℥iii. The seeds of Smallage, Parsly, Anise, Citron, Water Cresses, an. ℥ii. The Flowers of Elder, Broom, Water Lillies, Hops, an. M. iii.

All being dried and cut, steep them 3 days and nights in very good VVhite VVine, a sufficient quantity; distill them in a Copper with an Alimbeck and Refrigeratory, save the first and second Spirit • by themselves, or of all these t •• ngs digested 6 days and nights, and then strained hard thorow a linnen cloath, and the straining put into an earthen Body. Distill a Spirit, which keep by it self.

The distilled Liquor of Sarsaparilla of the same Author, which is described by me in my Tract de varis Cap. 13. pag. 236.236..

℞ The Roots of Sarsaparilla, ℥ii. China sliced, ℥i. Cichory, Scorzonera or Vipers grass, an. ℥ss. Bark of Cappers, Tamarisk, Rhodium wood, an. ℥ss. The fresh Leaves of the lesser Celandine, SCURVYGRASS, Brooklime, Fumatery, Maidenhair, Ground Pine, an. M. i.

Cut and bruise them, then pour upon them The Water of Cichory, Fumatery, Scurvygrass, an lb i.ss.

Let them stand in a Bath for three dayes, then press out the Liquor into a glass Body, and distill it with a gentle fire of Ashes, till the ingredients are become a rotten slime.

The distilled Liquors of Drawizius Tit. 5. Par. 217. of the Scorbutick Head Ache.

℞ Iuice of Borrage, Bugloss, an. lb i. The Herb SCURVYGRASS, Fumatery, Water Cresses, Housleek, an. M. i. Spec. Diarrhodon Abbatis, ʒii.

Distill it in MB, and reserve the distilled Liquor in a glass, whose Dose for one time is ℥iii. or from three to ℥viii. To every Dose you may add a Dram of Cinnamon Water.

OF all the Medicines which are made of SCURVYGRASS, there is none more efficacious, nor none more in use, than its Spirit; which by reason of its Volatile Salt, and Oyl, with which it is impregnated, doth conveniently contain within it self the whole Scorbutick Power and Vertue, which is lodged in a large quantity of the Plant; and you may draw a burning Spirit from it as well as from wine. This Spirit is made either without Fermentation or with Fermentation. That which is made by Fermentation is commended by Sennertus Sennert, l 3. Med Prac. part. 3. § 2. c. 6. p. 624. Lib 5. C. S. part. 3. § 2. c. 9. p. 343, who writes, that the Artifice of preparing it consists in Digestion and Fermentation, and, says he obtained from Iohan. Buttnerus, an Apothecary of Gorlick, a Spirit of Scurvygrass (which he had prepared artificially by Fermentation and Distillation) which retained the smell and taste of the Plant, and was inflamable, like Spirit of Wine. Simon Paulus Sīm. Paul. Class. 3. p. 268. in the Book often cited, proposeth this following way to prepare this Spirit.

℞ Of fresh Scurvygrass as much as you please, bruise it in a marble Mortar, and being put into a convenient Vessel with water hardly warm, or which is better, sprinkled or moistened with its own raw juice in which a little yest of Beer or Ale is dissolved, and slightly sprinkled with Salt. When it is well mixed together, set aside the Vessel, being exactly stopped with dow (which stopping is absolutely necessary, because of the fugitive nature of its volatile salt) into a Cellar; let it stand till it breath forth a smell in • o the Air, like that which proceeds from fresh Scurvygrass bruised, which when you observe, distill it in MB. and you will have the Spirit of Scurvygrass.

Rolfincius Rolf lib 3. Chym. in A • t. form. reda • . p. 133. about Fermentation, perswades that it should be done with Spirit of Wine by that means to save the Volatile Salt. But in his Second Corolary in lib. 1. cit. loc. he sayes Fermentation doth not altogether destroy it, but excites and sends off a great part of it, insomuch that Spirit of Wine poured upon Scurvygrass and forgotten was found to be plainly sowre, from which the most generous sulphurous Spirit was fled away. They which perform the distillation of Spirit of Scurvygrass, with Spirit of Corn, poured upon the fresh Herb, do get an excellent Spirit that way; of which sort is that which was conmunicated to me by Dr. Fehr, and as you may find in another place, heretofore I was wont to prepare it thus: viz. in Tract. de varis Cap. 13. p. 117. I have described it after this manner.

℞ Fresh Scurvygrass, full of juice, whole and not bruised, as much as you please, pour upon it the Spirit of Wheat or Rye (not the rectified Spirit of Wine, which for the Reasons I have given in my aforesaid Tract, is not so convenient) to the one half of its quantity, and distill it in a Copper Body, pour this Spirit upon fresh Herbs, and so distil it, which repeat several times as before, then rectifie it, and reserve it for use. Note, that the oft'ner the Spirit is drawn off of fresh herbs, it will be the stronger, and so will not need to be rectified. This Spirit is not onely peculiarly advantagious against the Scurvy, but also is commended by many, in the weakness of the stomach, and in the Colick. One time I prescribed it to a certain Person of Quality, who was too gross and corpulent, who extold it much, because by the use of it he became more active and nimble. The Dose of it may be from 10. to 20. or 30 drops in a convenient vehicle, viz. in Wine, Ale, Beer, Broth of Beef, or Chicken, Buttermilk, Whey, or any distilled Water, as also in Wormwood Wine; but it is best in Milk, for the Reasons which I have alledged in my Tract de varis Cap. 12. p. 192.. You may also commodiously mix it with Tincture of Tartar, Spirit of Tartar, or with the opening Spirit of Penotus, with the essence of Steel, essence of Fumatery, the Bezoartick Tincture, Tincture of Treacle, the Anodine essence, Elixir Proprietatis, and according to a circumstances. If any desire a Compound Spirit of Scurvygrass, they may mix with it Sea Radish Roots, Brooklime, Water-Cresses, &c. and distill it according to Art. Of which sort is the simple Antiscorbutick Spirit of Dr. Michaelis.

℞ The Herb Scurvygrass, Water Cresses, Brooklime, Dittander, The roots of Sea Radishes, Wake Robin, an. q.v.

Being slightly cut and bruised pour upon them Spirit of Elder Berries made by Fermentation to the height of three fingers, digest them for three dayes in MB, with a gentle heat, the Vessel being well stopped, then distill them. If you add to this Penotus his opening Spirits it will then become the Compound Antiscorbutick Spirit of the said Author.

Drawitz. Tit. 3. Of the Scorbutick Lakmung p. 153. commends this Spirit.

With which being mixed, moisten lb ii. of Vitriol calcined to redness with a moderate Fire, digest them in a Bath for eight dayes, than distill it by a Retort, increasing the Fire by degrees, untill with the other Spirits, the Spirit of Vitriol distill also. It may be given from ʒ ss. to ʒ i.

Dr. Deckers Dr. Deck. in Barb. prac. l. 4. c. 3. p. 157. in his Golden Notes upon Barbet commends this following Spirit.

℞ The Bark of Ash Tree, Tamarisk, The Roots of Fraxinell, Cappers, an. ℥i.ss. Polypody of the Oak ℥ii Wild Radish, ℥iii. The Herb Scurvygrass, M, iv. Winter Cresses, Brooklime, Sorrel, Spleenwort, an. M. iii, Bay-berries, Iuniper berries, an. ʒvi. The Tops of the lesser Centaury, P. iv, Goose dung, ℥i. Seeds of Citron, Mustard, Cardnus Benedictus, an. ℥ss. Cloves, Ginger, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, an. ℥iii.

Being cut and bruised, digest them in warm Sand with lb viii. of White Wine and lb iii. of Brandy, for three dayes time, then let them be distilled in Sand, by an Alimbeck.

I have declared above, that you may mix the Spirit of Scurvygrass, with divers Elixirs, Tinctures, Essences, and other Spirits, as for example thus: ℞ Elix, Proprietat. ʒiii. Spirit of Scurvigrass, ʒi. Sal Armoniack, ʒ ss.

Mix it and put it in a Glass.

Title it the Elixir against the Scurvy, twenty drops of it may be given,

OR, ℞ The sweet Essence of Steel, ʒiii. Spirit of Scurvygrass, ʒi. Sal Armoniack, ʒ ss.

Mix them, and keep it in a Glass.

Give of this Essence thirty drops.

OR, ℞ The Bezoartick Tincture, ʒii. Spirit of Scurvigrass▪ ʒi.

Mix and keep it in a Glass.

Call it the sweating Tincture, of which 35 drops may be given.

OR, ℞ Essence of Wood, of Wormwood, an. ʒi.ss. Spirit of Scurvigrass ʒi.

Mix it in a Glass.

Call it the Essence good for the Scurvy, to be given to 40 drops.

OR, ℞ Penotus his opening Spirit, Spirit of Scurvygrass, an. ʒ ii,

Mix them in a Glass.

Title it the Spirit good against the Scurvy, of which you may give 40 drops. OR, ℞ Spirit of Tartar ʒiii. of Scvrvygrass, ʒ i.

Mix them in a Glass.

Call it the Spirit good against the Scurvy, of which may be taken 30. drops.

Drawiz. Tit. 7. Of the Scorbutick pains in the side or Pluresie hath prescribed this Potion.

Mix them for a Potion:

SInce the Salt is the chief part, by means of which, Scurvygrass is so prevalent in the Scurvy, according to the Philosophers Axiom: Per quod quid est tale, illud est magis tale: That by which a thing is what it is, that thing is more such. There is therefore a necessity, that we treat of this Salt. And because of its volatility, but little of it can be gotten, it is sufficient that we use its Spirit, in which this Salt is hid and contained. This Salt is made (after the same manner that many others are, viz.) Let the thick leaves of Scurvygrass, and full of juice, be boiled a little while in water, and afterwards press out the juice, or which is better, if only the juice pressed out of the fresh gathered leaves be purified, and a little evaporated till it be somewhat thickened, and so set by, till of its own accord the Salt shoot in the juice. The chief efficacy of Scurvygrass (as hath been declared just now, and also above in the fifth Chapter) is from the volatile Salt. For experience teacheth, that there is a great penetrative vertue in volatile Salts, and therefore they are very effectual in many diseases; from whence many now a daies refer the causes of all internal Diseases to an Acide, and an Alkaly Salt, and therefore they use almost no other Medicines, except such in which there doth abound a volatile Salt, which may drink up and mortifie the other Salts. But these are in an error, both upon the account of the Cause and upon the account of the Cure, and seem to me to be like that Sect of Physicians called Methodists, which also reduced all particular Diseases to two general affections, that is, Astriction and Laxity, or being bound or loose, and reduced all their Practice in general to stopping or binding those that are loose, and to loosening or relaxing those that are shut up or bound. For to refer the Causes of all internal Diseases to the aforesaid Salts, is a great absurdity, as it may be made out by most sort of Diseases, if the intention of this Book would permit it. Neither truly, tho some would have it so, can they establish this Doctrine, from Hyppocrates in lib. de Prisca Medicina, for in the same piace, besides hot, cold, moist, and dry; he describes more forcible qualities of the humours, which he calls 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , Powers, Strength or Vertues; he names 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, bitter, salt, sour, rough, or harsh, with which Faculties, that Salts are endowed no body doubts, but that also 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, sweet or insipid (or tasteless) and many others, which through their plenty and strength have different Faculties, are of the nature of Salts, no man will easily believe. Also their manner of cure offends against the rules of our great Master, for 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 : To warm much is dangerous, for all that is too much is an enemy to Nature, but that which is done by little and little, is safe: Especially, if any one pass from one extream to another Hyppocr. Aphor. 51. § 2.: And the opinion of Mesues is, That then we are to make use of strong Medicines, when weak ones will not prevail. But Medicines consisting of Volatile Salts, are hot in the third and fourth degree, and smell and taste strongly, which sort of Medicines do not onely manifestly alter our bodies, but do it vehemently and not without trouble and hurt, nay most vehemently, and not without grievous hurt, and therefore are not to be often, and indifferently used in every distemper, as every young Studient in Physick knows, and hath learned from the Institutions.

Moreover the matter from which such sort of Medicines are prepared, are Blood, the Scull, Bones, and the Urine of Men, and the bloud and horns of a Stag, Vipers, Serpents, Amber, &c. From these they prepare Essence. and Spirits, and sepaparate and collect their Volatile Salts from them according to Art, some of which are many times very hurtful, as for example is that which is made of Humane bloud, which for the most part is taken indifferently from any man that is let bloud, and not only from young men, and exactly healthy, which those that prepare Medicines out of Humane bloud ought carefully to observe, for otherwise by reason of Diseasie Ferments lurking in the blood, they do more hurt than good. Nay Medicines of Humane bloud, tho from healthy Persons, are suspected by Physitians, by reason that Philters, which are made of it render men sottish, and Mad, and many times kill them. Insomuch that the bloud taken from a red haired Man is poison, as 'tis commonly delivered by Authors. Vid. Zachut. Lusitan. lib. 1. de Medic. Princ. Hist. 23. p. 41. & Dr. Garmaen. lib. de Mirac. Mort. tit. 2. p▪ 24. Of which the example alledged▪ by the same Zachut, Zachut lib. 3. Pra • . admir. Observ. 82. of a Student, which, by drinking the bloud of a red haired Man, became a perpetual Fool, is a sufficient proof.

Moreover these Medicines are not only ungrateful to the taste, but stinking sented too, yet for all that, they are not only given at the mouth to be swallowed, but applyed to the Nose to smell to, and yet by the mutual assent of all authentick Physitians, they are hurtful to the Head, Womb, and Nerves; unfriendly to the heart, and they cast down and weaken the Spirits, for as good smells do strengthen these, so ill ones do overthrow and weaken them, N. 84. p. 334. for Helmont in Tract tria prim. princip. eorum Essent. de Morb. exer esse, jtstly asserts, Odores fortes & pertinaces superant Vires nostras & vix ab Archeo superantur atque digeruntur, adeòque importunè in nos agunt: i. e. Strong and lasting Sents do overcome our strength (or Spirits) and are hardly digested and mastered, by the Archeus or (vital Spirits) and therefore they act in us detestably. Also we are instructed by many examples, that thinking to recover those which were seized with the Falling Sickness, or with an Apoplexy by very stinking things, they have caused sounding Fits and Abortions, and Women subject to Fits of the Mother (to whom all other stinking things have proved advantagious) have been by these means promoted to eternal Life. Therefore Diseases arising from Choler and Fermentation, by exhibiting Volatile Salt are exasperated, because they encrease the Fermentation and Ebullition, which another time shall be proved more at large. But this I cannot forbear to mention, That not long since, I cured a man, who was sick of a Tertian Ague, who immediately after having took of a certain Volatile Salt, felt an extream heat, and trouble in his stomach, and tongue, insomuch that his tongue was inflamed and swelled with great danger of being choked, and also there issued forth of his mouth, a thick hot matter, like melted Pitch, without doubt stirred up by the volatile Salt working upon the Choler, and Salt in his Stomaek, and encreasing its Ebullition, which will easily appear from hence, for that the Sick man, being near unto death, by my exhibiting to him a precipitating Powder, he found great Relief, and God be praised was happily recovered. From whence it clearly appears to all Men, that those Physitians which give volatile Salt indifferently, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or without Rule to their Patients do not cure either citò, speedily, (unless by hastening death) neither tutò, safely, much less jucundè pleasantly, which nevertheless in 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or the Curative part of Diseases is absolutely to be observed. But this I grant that in stubborn Diseases, such as the Dropsie, Gout, Hypocondriack, Affection, Scurvy, &c. in which a Wild Salt abounds, that by the benefit of those sort of Medicines, prepared from innocent and gentle substances, regard being had to circumstances, they may the sooner obtain their end, which I my self by such sort of Medicines, but not dangerous nor so stinking, mixed with other Balsamick things, in a proper dose and convenient Vehicle have experienced often, in those sort of Diseases, other Remedies proving ineffectual. (For I have besides many other a singular Medicine of a certain volatile Salt, prepared for use, after a peculiar way, which is not so ungrateful, and yet is of eminent virtue, and therefore worthily deserves to be named Sal Mirabilis, or the Wonderful Salt, and then rightly according to Hyppocrates Aphorismum sextum, Sect. 1. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 . Against extream Diseases, extream and exquisite remedies are best. And it is convenient according to the advice of Celsus Cels lib 2. cap 9 pag. 66. Anceps auxilium experiri, quam nullum: that is, to try a dangerous Remedy rather than none at all.

THere are commonly three kinds of Oyls in the Shops: Those that are made by Distilling, by Pressing, and by Infusion ▪ to which also may be referred those made by boiling. They prepare an Oyl from Scurvygrass by Infusion and Distillation, and that in a twofold manner. And first the Leaves of Scurvygrass are imployed either dry or green. The Oyl cannot be made of dry Scurvygrass because its volatile Salt is gone, therefore the green ought to be taken which being cut and put into Oyl of Olives, mixed with scurvygrass Water, may be boiled till the watery moisture be exhaled. The other is gotten in the Distillation of Spirit of Scurvygrass, chiefly if the Leavs be thick, and full of juice, and it hath the same vertues with the Spirit, but more eminently, and therefore its Dose given in a convenient vehicle must not exceed four or five Drops, For all distilled Oiles are very hot, and for that cause are to be used with great caution, but if they be turned into a volatile salt, they are not so hot, and are useful in great Diseases. So distilled Oil of Cinamon as Helmont Helm. N. 84. p. 334. witnesseth in the before cited place. When it shall be mixed with its Alkaly or fixed Salt, without any water, by an Artificial and secret Circulation, in the space of three months, the whole will be changed into a volatile Salt. Many digest any kind of Distilled Oil with rectified Spirit of Wine, by which the Oil is drank in and united, and appears under the form of a spirit. Those distilled Oils (such for example that smell well, for stinking Odors are enemies to our nature, as is declared in the Chapter before) thus prepared and methodically exhibited, do become most efficacious Remedies in Diseases proceeding from Cold, and want of Spirits, for they quickly by reason of the exceeding subtilty of their 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or Effluviums are diffused through all parts of an humane Body, and refresh our Spirits with their fragrant sent, and do recreate and restore lost strength, which Experiment we see daily in swoundings.

I am well acquainted with a Practitioner in Physick, which having given such a prepared Oil, to the quantity of two drops in Spirit of Roses sented with Amber, he did as it were Wonders, or Miracles with it. With this Distilled Oil of Scurvygrass, the Magistery is made, or rather an Eleosaccharum, or Oily sugar of Scurvygrass, of which shall be treated below in the Twentieth Chapter. It is also sprinkled upon Powders, and added to Pills, thus Timaeus lib. 3 Cas. med 33 p. 162.: ℞ The Powder of Ialap coloured with Essence of Saffron ℈i. Magistery of Agarick, Gr. vii. Distilled Oil of SCURVY GRASS, Gut. iii. mix them and make a purging Powder.

Mix them with Antiscorbutick water, and make 9 Pills.

This distilled Oyl of Scurvygrass is also used outwardly, as is its Oil by Infusion, as it will appear beneath in the one and twentieth Chapter.

SOme say that SYRUP is a Greek word, and appears to them to be so called, as if it were 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , Syriae succus, Others derive it from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , traho, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , succus, that is, extracted juice: but many because Syrups were invented by the Arabian Physitians, and the name of it not mentioned either by Hyppocrates nor Galen, had rather derive the word Syrup from the Arabick word Schaereba (that is) Sorbere, as if they should say a Liquor to be supped up, and suppose this word is to be writ with an i, not with a y, which letter the Arabians have not. The latter Grecians, as Actuarius, &c▪ call it Serapium.

A Syrup is the form of a fluid Medicine, made with Sugar, or Hony, with the Decoction, Juice of, or Infusion of things, and boiled to that consistence or substance, that a drop being put upon Marble will stand, and not flow abroad.

So Syrup of Scurvygrass is made of the purifyed juice, after the manner prescribed by Sennertus Senn. l. 3. Med. Prac. part. 5 ss. 2. c. 6. pag. 625.. If you boil one pound of its juice, with ℥iii. of Sugar, and by the help of the heat of a Bath, (or boiling water) bring it to the consistence of a liquid Syrup. The Dose of which is from ℥i. to ℥ii. Almost after the same manner Forestus his Syrupus scaeletyrbicus is made, described by Sennertus Senn p 619. in the forecited place, and by Forestus For. lib. 20. Observ. 11..

℞ Iuice of Scurvigrass, Brooklime, an. lb iii. The best Sugar, lb ii.

Boil them together, and according to Art make a Syrup.

Bald. Timaeus Bald. Tim. i. Ep. Med. 16. p 41. à Guldenflee hath this Syrup following.

℞ Iuice of Scurvygrass, lb i.ss. Citrons, ℥iii. Sorrel, ℥ii. Balm ℥i.

After its dregs are settled filther it, thorow a spongy whited brown paper, and add Water of Black Cherries, lb i.ss. Cinnamon water ʒiii. Iulep of Roses, ℥i.ss. White Refined Sugar, as much as is sufficient to procure a pleasant taste to it, keep it in a Glass, and Title it the Syrup of Scurvygrass.

There are more compound Syrups of Scurvygrass, among which are these following.

The Compound Syrup of Scurvygrass much used at Wratislaw, and heretofore prescribed by Dr. Casper Packischius Physician in ordinary to that Commonwealth, which Sennertus Sen. l 3. Med. Pract. part. 5. ss. 2. c. 6. p. 619, 620. describes thus, ℞ The Herbs Scurvygrass. Water Cresses, Agrimony, Water-Minth, Spleenwort, Moon Fern, Sage, Maidenhair, Germander, Horehound, Fumatery, Speedwell or Fluellin, Five leaved Grasse, or Cinque foil, The Leaves of Dwarf Elder, an. M. i. Seeds of Fennel, Water Cresses, Smallage, Parsley, Aniseeds, The Pulpe of the seeds of Butchers Broom Asparagus, an. ʒi. Melons, ʒii. The Roots of Fern, Oenanthe, Asparagus, Pimpernel, Borrage, Bugloss, Polypody, Colts foot, Liquoris, Taraxicon, or Lyons Tooth The Bark of Capper Roots, an. ʒi.ss. The Flowers of Liverwort, Borrage, an. M. ss.

Make a Decoction of all these according to Art, in a sufficient quantity of the water of Water-cresses, till there remain forty ounces of it.

Let it stand in digestion till it be cold, press it out strongly to the straining, add lb ii. of course Sugar, boil it with a gentle fire to the thickness of a Syrup, clarifie it, and aromatize it with this following Nodule, ℞ Powder of Rhubarb, ʒiii. Cinamon, ʒi. Cloves, Mace, an. ℈ii.

The Antiscorbutick Syrup of Dr. Bald. Timaeus, which he hath described after Cases Medicinal, pag. 418.

Being mixed precipitate them, or clarifie them with lb ii. of Juice of Citron.

Add to the straining The yellow part of Citron peel, ℥i.ss. White refined Sugar, lb ii.

Put them into a glass Body, with a blind head, and digest them for a day and a night in a MB, and save the strained liquor in a Glass.

The Antiscorbutick Syrup of Mynsicht Myns. in Armament. Medico Ph▪ sico. § 16. p. 261..

To these being mixt, add of Refined Sugar lb i.ss. and make a Syrup of due thickness.

The Syrup of Matthias Martinius Matth Mart. in Tract. de Scorbuto, p M. 673.

Boil them in common Water, or Goats Whey, as much as is sufficient, in a double vessel, or MB. Add to a lb i.ss. of the straining of these, as much Sugar Candy, as is sufficient, and let them be boiled to the consistences of a thin Syrup.

Wierus his Syrup for Children to be found in the same Author. Matth. Mart. p. 683.

Make a Powder and infuse it for a night in the thick broth of Pruens and Scurvygrass, afterwards being pressed out with as much Sugar as is needful, make it into a Syrup.

A MAGISTERY is a sort of subtil fine Medicine of the Chymists, which is made by separating the best parts of any thing, from the impure and useless, by the help of some convenient Menstruum, or Liquour; and then reducing it to the form of an Impalpable Powder, sometimes 'tis to be reduced to the substance of Butter, and therefore a Magistery is called by the Germans, Meister Stucklein, Kunst-Stucklein, that is, a Masterpiece, or piece of Art. Of this kind is the Magistery of Jalap, which doth consist of its Rosiny parts, in which the purging Faculty chiefly resideth, which is extracted with the best Spirit of Wine, and precipitated with common water. The best way of making this Magistery is taught by Zwilffer in his Animadversions in Pharmac. Augustan. p. 4 • 9. Also for the Magistery of Cinamon, vide Schroder Schrod. l. 4 Pharmac med. Chym p. 48 &c.: But other Magisteries made with Corrosive Spirits, destroy the vertues of the things they do dissolve, and are nothing but dead Earths, or as Paracelsus calls them, Relollacea, that is absolutely 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , and of no vertue, but rather prove hurtful, because the Acrimony of the dissolving Liquor, is hardly to be washed off from them, from whence it is no wonder, sayes Laur. Hoffmann. Laur Hoffm. Tract. de vero usu et fero abus medic. chym. pag, 20. that the Magistery of Pearls hath killed many, by corroding the Bowels with their Acrimony which is also attested by Libavius.

The Magistery of Scurvygrass is not properly a Magistery, but an Elosaccharum, or Oily Sugar, and is made by exactly mixing together a scruple of the distilled Oyl of Scurvygrass, with an ounce of Sugar. Rolfincius Rolf. l. 4. Ch • m. in Art form red act. § 6. cap • p. 275. teacheth to prepare it after this following way, ℞ Of white Sugar bruised and sifted as much as you will. Iuice of Scurvygrass and Oil of Scurvygrass, of each as much as is sufficient.

Let the Juice be Fresh, or if it be thick, moisten it with fair water, sprinkle the Sugar with this, and rub it well with a Pestle in a Stone, or Glass Mortar, till the Sugar hath acquired an exact green Colour, then pour upon it the Oil of SCURVYGRASS by drops, again mixing them all together exactly, with the help of the Pestle, that every Atome, or small grain of the Sugar may have imbibed some part of the Oil. Keep it in a Glass well stopped with a bladder It's Vertues are against the Scurvy.

The Dose is from gr. vi. to ℈ss. in a spoonful of Wine.

The same Author in the same place Sect. 2 cap. 3 pag. 320. Proposeth another way of making the magisteries of Vegetables, and so also of SCVRVYGRASS, which in that place you may see.

The same Author in his short notes upon this Eleosaccharum of SCURVYGRASS discourseth thus: The Genuine and true Eleosaccharum of Scurvygrass is made with the Iuice of Scurvygrass, The Juice is instead of the body of it, the Oil is the Soul, and the Spirit marrying the Soul to the Body, is the Sugar, Author also of many benefits to it. They which in the place of the juice of Scurvygrass, use the juice of Bucks-horn, or of the blades of Wheat, newly sprung out of the ground, and moist with Dew do thereby counterfeit both the Colour, and dissolvableness, however for all that, it is not a medicine to be slighted▪ for there is a Cleansing vertue in both of them and a purging one in that made with the Bucks-horn, besides that they are pleasant, it will wholly dissolve in any vehicle in which it is given, and it is taken into it, and joyned with it in all its parts.

The inventor of the Magistery of Scurvygrass Dr. Iohann. Dravviz, my good Friend, heretofore the most happy Physitian of Lipswick, communicated his way of making it to me, which I here put down word for word. (Which because it is long and written in the German tongue, which I think will not be much for the Edification of the English Reader to transcribe, I will therefore put it in English) thus:

The Dose is from a ℈i. to ʒ ss. but this Operation is troublesome and uncertain, I therefore prefer the Eleosaccharum before described, which is that which enters the Composition of my Antiscorbutick Digestive, which you may find in my Tract de Varis, cap. 8. p. 95.

℞ Of the opening Crocus Martis, ℥i.ʒii. Magistery of SCVRVYGRASS, Vitriolate Tartar, Niter Antimoniac, an. ʒi. The Roots of Wake Robin powdered, ʒi.ss.

Mix them, and make a Powder.

The Dose is from ℈i. to ʒ ss.