Farther additions to a small treatise called Salt-water sweetned shewing the great advantages both by sea and land of sea-water made fresh : together with the Honourable Mr. Boyle's letter and the approbation of the Colledge of Physicians of the wholesomeness of this water.

Farther additions to a small treatise called Salt-water sweetned shewing the great advantages both by sea and land of sea-water made fresh : together with the Honourable Mr. Boyle's letter and the approbation of the Colledge of Physicians of the wholesomeness of this water.

Table of contents

Title page

TO THE KING'S Most Excellent Majesty.

The fore-going Dedication, Humbly offered to His Majesty, having discovered the Intention of this undertaking; it remains now to satisfie all Reasonable Scruples which have been raised concerning the Wholesomness and Cheapness of Water thus prepared.

The Queries and Answers follow.

The Approbation of the Colledge of Physicians, and other Doctors of Physick, Practising in and about London.

The Benefits and Advantages of SeaWater made Fresh.

A LETTER of Mr. BOYLE's to the Learned Dr. JOHN BEALE, Fellow of the Royal Society, concerning Fresh-water made out of Seawater: Printed at the desire of the Patentees.

§

An ABSTRACT out of the Gazette, Numb. 1676.

A Copy of a Letter from Captain Macdonnel, from aboard his Majesties Ship the Greybound, near the Coast of Spain, to one of the Patentees of Sea-Water.

§

White-Hall, Feb. 28.

§

§

[Page]

Farther Additions To a Small TREATISE Called Salt-Water SWEETNED: SHEWING The Great Advantages BOTH BY SEA and by LAND, OF SEA-WATER made FRESH.

TOGETHER In the Honourable Mr. BOYLE'S Letter, and the Approbation of the COLLEDGE of PHYSICIANS, of the Wholsomness of this WATER.

The Ninth Edition, Octob. 13.

LONDON, Printed by John Harefinch in Mountague-Court in Little Brittain. 1684.

TO THE KING'S Most Excellent Majesty.

[Page]

[Page]

SIR,

WHEN Mr. Boyle, with my Partners, and my self attended Your Majesty with the Experiment of Reducing Salt Water into Fresh; Your Majesty seem'd so well pleased with an Invention of that Ʋniversal Benefit, that we cannot but with our Humblest Duty acknowledge Your Gracious Reception of it; However, as Your Great Wisdom and Judgment is not easie to be surpriz'd, and Your Royal Approbation never known to be Your hasty Act of Grace; [Page] Your Favour and Patronage was not fully obtain'd, till with the strictest Scrutiny you had first examin'd those Hopes and Probabilities, you vouchsaf'd to incourage in Ʋs.

But, when upon jurther consideration, We had obviated all Difficulties, and solv'd all Objections against this Ʋndertaking, (which We hope will appear in this Printed Paper,) Your Majesty was Graciously pleas'd to give us your Approbation, and to order us your Letters Patents; which Grace and Favour ought to be, and is receiv'd by Ʋs with the deepest sense of our humble Acknowledgments and Gratitude.

And if the Fruits of your Royal Grant has not hitherto been deriv'd to Ʋs, 'tis partly by some Obstacles we met from the suggestions of a private Person, but more especially by the late Horrid Conspiracy, when, not only our Loyal Apprehensions for your Majesties Danger, diverted our Thoughts from all other Concerns, but likewise we judged it a part of our Duty not to be pressing on your Majesties Goodness, or on your Ministers of State, in so Important a juncture of Affairs: But having now [Page] regained Leisure and Fredom, after the dissipation of the greatest part of our Fears, We presume a second time to lay these Endeavours at your Feet, as best Entituled to the Patronage of so great an Ʋndertaking by your own Subjects, and best able to Recommend it to the World by your Royal Approbation.

This Experiment is in a great degree owing to the Eminent Mr. Boyle, and indeed well worthy so Ingenious a Promoter being so much the more the Favorite of his happy Genius, as it is Ʋniversally useful to Mankind; But whatever Advantages this Country, or indeed the World, may receive by it, his whole Ambition is bounded in the publick. Profit, contenting himself with no other Benefit from it, than the satisfaction and pleasure of seeing it accomplish'd by his Friends.

The Advantages in regard to Navigation, especially in long Voyages, which are subject (through often Calms, and on several other accounts,) to distress for want of Water, and the Benefits to Sea-Towns; which are incommodated by Brackish Waters, [Page] Together with the Easiness, Cheapness, and Wholsomness of this prepared Water, are the principal scope of these ensuing Papers, which are Humbly Dedicated to Your Majestys Perusal, Favour, and further Approbation, by

Your Majesties most Dutisul and Obedient Subject, R. FITZGERALD.

The fore-going Dedication, Humbly offered to His Majesty, having discovered the Intention of this undertaking; it remains now to satisfie all Reasonable Scruples which have been raised concerning the Wholesomness and Cheapness of Water thus prepared.

[Page]

The Queries and Answers follow.

Quest. 1 IF this Water can be made in sufficient quantities to serve the Ʋses of any Ship at Sea?

Ans. About Ninety Gallons may be Prepared in every Twenty four Hours by an Instrument of 33 Inches Diameter, which will stand under the Deck of any Ship; and it's computed that less than three Quarts is a good Allowance for any man in that time: And if a large Ship, wherein there are many men aboard, should require more Water, then two or more of the Instruments may be had upon reasonable Terms, and one man may attend several of them.

Quest. 2. In case the Operation be by Fire, it may require a Skilful Chymist, or one knowing in such Operations, to be on Board every Shi, who will require great Wages.

Ans. There will be no occasion for any such Person, for any Sea-man may be Instructed in an Hour or two to prepare this Water.

[Page] Quest. 3. It's probable that the Engine may be frequently out of Order, and being so at Sea, where Artificers and Tools are wanting to repair it, there must necessarily follow want of Water, which will be of Ill Consequence.

Ans. This Engine is of such Contrivance, that it's never likely to be out of Order.

Q. 4. Can this Engine be of use in Stormy-weather?

Ans. Since a sufficient quantity of Fresh-water may be so easily had by this Engine, the Mariners will be careful to make a good Provision of it before-hand; however, 'tis not to be doubted, but it will answer the worst Accidents of the greatest Storms, and have its Effect sufficiently in the worst Weather, especially considering that in such desperate Extremities men must be content with smaller Allowances.

Quest. 5. The Operation being by Fire, it may endanger the Ship, and the Smoak be very offensive?

Ans. The Engine may easily be placed in any Ship without danger of Fire, offence of Smoak.

Quest. 6. Will not the Charge of this Instrument and Materials belonging to it be very great?

Ans. It is difficult to make exact Answer to this, but an Instrument of the largest Size, with all the Materials belonging to it, will not amount to above 18 pound, and may last many years, and according to the Rates of Ships, they may be proportion'd both in Bulk and Price. And where it may be thought necessary to make use [Page] of this Experiment on Shore, for Brewing, or other uses of a Family, Instruments and Materials may be very large, and very much cheaper on Shore than at Sea.

Quest. 7. Will not the Fewel be very Chargeable, and take up much room in the Ship?

Ans. The quantity of about ninety Gallons of Water may be prepared with less than three pecks of Coals, and proportionally with any other Fire; and the whole Room that will be taken up in the Fire, and in the few Casks to be imployed in the making and receiving this Water, will be less than the tenth part of Stowage now employed for Water only, and upon a strict Computation made by the Persons concern'd in this Grant, the whole charge of Water will come to about a farthing per Gallon.

Quest 8. Will not the Ingredients take up much Room, and be very Chargeable?

Ans. A Vessel less then a Barrel may contain enough of the Ingredients to catty a Ship to the East Indies and back again; and the Ingredients for near one hundred Gallons of this Sea-water will not amount to above 12 Pence, and will be cheaper when great quantities are used at Land.

Quest. 9. Admitting this Preparation of Water may be made, and insufficient Quantities, it may be doubted whether it be wholsome?

[Page] Ans. The Famous Lord Bacon, having written learnedly of this Subject, had not the least thought that the Sea-water, after it had been Dis-salted, without any Noxious addition, was Unwholesom: and it neither now is, nor ever was really doubted whether it were wholesom; However, because invidious Persons, who are no well-wishers to Ingenious Designs, may possibly raise Scruples, the Gentlemen who are concerned in this Grant, have purposely, to give Publick Satisfaction, sent a large quantity of this Water to Doctor King, a very Ingenious Physician, who is a Member of the Colledge, and of the Royal Society; who finds,

1. That it is Lighter than most of the Waters about the Town.

2. That it is without Sediment, and Transparent as any other Waters.

3. That it Lathers (as they call it) with Wash-Ball or Soap, better than other Water, and with less Soap.

4. That Sugar dissolveth sooner in it, than in other Water.

5. That it Evaporates sooner than common Water.

6. That whereas common Water Putrifies and yields a Stinking Smell within a few Weeks, this has continued Sweet and unaltered several Months, and may yet do so much longer, being still in as good condition as it was above Eight [Page] Months ago, November the Fifteenth, 1683.

7. That it makes Gellies as firm and good as any Water.

8. That it Boils Pease to Tenderness, Beef, Mutton, Fish, and all other Meat, without giving it an ill Taste or Colour.

9. That it has no kind of ill Taste in it self, and Boils in Milk, without Curdling.

10. That Flowers, Plants, and all Vegetables grow in it at least as well as any other Water.

11. And that small Animals live and grow in it.

Several men of great Quality, viz. The Earls of Shrowsbury, Westmorland, Mulgrave and Burlington, the Lord Dunbar, Lord Lumley, Lord Falconbridge, and Lord Chumley, besides very many Gentlemen of Quality, who frequently drink Water, Officers of Sea, and Physicians, have Drunk of this Water, without being in the least indispos'd after it; but, lest any doubts may remain after this, of the Salubrity of the said Water, the following Testimonial of these Learned and Eminent Physicians, is here inserted.

Since the former Editions of this Treatise, most of the Foreign Ministers, several Persons of Quality, eminent Merchants, Seamen, and others, have eat of Pease, Fish, and Flesh boyled in this prepar'd Water; and some hundreds have drunk of it often, and in great quantities, without the least ill effect by it; and several of the East and West India [Page] Ships now ready to sail, have already agreed with the Patentees, and have taken Engines from them: and some since they have had them on board their Ship, have made Tryal in the Downs of the Operation of the said Engine at Sea, to the great satisfaction of several Persons residing in and about Deal, and other Maritime Places near the Downs.

The Approbation of the Colledge of Physicians, and other Doctors of Physick, Practising in and about London.

WHereas we have received an account in a Gazet published some Months since, that the Honourable Robert Fitz Gerald, Esq; hath found out the way and means of reducing Salt-water into Fresh, in quantities sufficient to serve Ships at Sea. And for as much as some Persons may possibly make a doubt, if the said Water be wholsome after the Salt is taken out of it. We therefore, considering of what general Advantage this useful Experiment may be, having fully inform'd our selves from Mr. Boyle, that the said Experiment is made by Fire. And having also seen an account of some Experiments made by some Members of our own Body, do declare our Opinion, that We believe the said Water is very wholesome, and may be safely used. And being further acquainted by the said Mr. Boyle, that the very few ingredients [Page] made use of in the said Operation, are fixed in the Fire, and give no noxious quality to the Water; We are therefore of Opinion, that the same may be safely used, and is at least as healthy as any other Water us'd at Sea. All which we certifie (at the Request of the Honourable Robert Fitz-Gerald.)

Dr. Cox, President,

Sir C. Scarborough, Knt.

Dr. Daniel Whistler,

Dr. Weatherly.

Dr. Will. Deuton.

Sir. T. Millington, Knt.

Dr. Walter Needham,

Dr. Thomas Short,

Dr. Thomas Allen,

Dr. Edmund Dickingson,

Dr. William Croone,

Dr. Richard Lower,

Dr. John Windebank,

Dr. Daniel Cox,

Dr. James Rufine,

Dr. Charles Conquest,

Dr. Edmund King,

Dr. Willoughby,

Dr. Tho. Sydenham,

Dr. Edward Tyson,

Dr. Nehemiah Grew,

Dr. David Abercromby,

Dr. Andrew Creagh.

Though Physick has always flourished in this Kingdom, yet in this Age it is in greater Perfection than ever; being improv'd, both as to the Practical and Speculative part, by the present Fellows of the Famous Colledge of Physicians, who, being Men of great Practise and Eminent Learning, cannot but give full satisfaction to all such as inquire concerning the healthfulness of this Water; Their Opinion being, in this particular, the more valuable, [Page] because it is to their own Disadvantage, since the Brackish Waters of the Sea-Coast, and the pu [...]ifying Waters made use of at Sea, might probably have afforded them a great number of Patients, which may hereafter be lessened by the use of this wholesome Water.

Since the first Edition of these Papers, his Majesty has been pleas'd to see some Experiments, which has so convinc'd his Majesty of the healthfulness of this Water, that he has resolved to have it generally made use of in his Sea-Port Garrisons; of which an account has been given in several Guzetts, by His Majesties special Order.

The Benefits and Advantages of SeaWater made Fresh.

MUch Stowage will be saved, so that a Ship of 50 or 60 Tun, and proportionably of greater Bulk, may take in several Tuns of Goods more than formerly they used to carry; which will considerably advance the Trade of all Merchants, and be of vast profit to the Masters or Owners of Ships.

The Charge of Casks is very considerable, especially when bound with Iron, as all SeaCasks must be; And by means of this Engine, three fourths of that charge will be saved.

The tear and wear of Boats often going from Ship board, and frequent loss of the Boats [Page] and men in Stormy Weather, and the Opportunity of the Sea-mens being Drunk on shoar; by which many fatal accidents do happen, (by means of having this Water-Engine) will be prevented.

Ships in long Voyages have been forc'd to run many Leagues from their intended course, which much retards their Voyage, and makes them lose fair Winds, and maintain more Sea-men at charges of Diet and Wages than they have occasion for; which inconveniencies may be prevented by having Water within themselves.

Ships are often forc'd to leave their Anchors and Cables behind them, by being forc'd into dangerous Shoars upon account of taking in Fresh Water.

In the African, East and West India Voyages, great quantities of Fresh Water are necessary, which the Sea-men are forc'd to put above Deck for want of room, which is great hindrance to a Ships Sailing, and much endangers and weakens a Ship.

In case of Calms, which often happen in the narrow Seas, but especially near the Line, this Instrument will be of vast advantage, by affording fresh and wholsome Water, instead of that which is unwholsome and offensive.

Essex, Kent, all other the Sea-Coasts, in any part of the World, that want wholesome [Page] Water, may be easily and and cheaply supplied by this means; as also Venice, Amsterdam, Roterdam, and all other Towns or Places that lye near the Sea, and either want good, or have Brackish Water.

In time of War, whole Navies may be relieved by this Engine, and Opportunity given of making the greatest Discoveries imaginable.

It is further to be considered, that hitherto the richest and ablest bodied Sea-men have been averse horn undertaking long Voyages, by reason of endangering their Healths, and Lives, by making use of putrified Water, which inconvenience is not now to be feared, there being such hopes of useful Fresh Water by the use of this Engine; and possibly a smaller number of men may serve the use of Ships than do at present, by which much Charges will be saved to the Masters and Owners of Ships; and Merchants may Trade upon easier Terms

In Portsmouth; Rochester, the Fenns of Lincolnshire, and any other places near the Sea, where Waters are Brackish, and consequently unwholsome, this Engine, &c. may be very useful, and where there is room enough to place it, very great quantities of Water may be had for the use of whole Families, and the Ingredients when used in great quantities may be afforded at a cheaper Rate.

[Page]

A LETTER of Mr. BOYLE's to the Learned Dr. JOHN BEALE, Fellow of the Royal Society, concerning Fresh-water made out of Seawater: Printed at the desire of the Patentees.

SIR,

TO give you a short Account (suitable to the little time I have to do it in,) of the Transaction, which I suppose must have given he rise to the Mention made of my Name in the publick Gazette: I must inform you, that one of my nearest Relations, (Captain Fitz-Gerald) and some other Worthy Gentlemen, having acquainted his Majesty, that They had an Invention for making Sea-water sweet and wholsom in great quantity, and with small charge, and that I had examin'd, and did approve the Water so prepar'd; His Majesty was pleas'd with very Gracious Expressions, to command Me to attend him with a further and more particular Information. Having readily obey'd this Order, and been made acquainted with the Objections the King thought fit to make against the Practicableness of the Invention; which (tho a private Man had urg'd them) I should think the moll Judicious that have been fram'd against it; I humbly presented to him, that I look't upon this Invention as comprizing two differing things; a Mechanical part, which related to the Engine it self, and the use of it a Ship-board, and a Physical part, which concerns [Page] the Potableness and Wholsomness of the Liquour. About the former of these I did not pretend to clear the Difficulties, especially such strong ones, as His Majesty had propos'd; but left it to the Patentees to give him Satisfaction, which they were in a readiness to offer. But as to the Wholsomness of the prepar'd Water, I had made some Tryals upon the Liquour, which gave me not just Crounds of suspecting it to be unwholsom, but several Motives to believe it well condition'd and of great use to Navigators, and not to them only. And having hereupon briefly acquainted His Majesty with the chief Tryals I had made to examin this Sweetned Water, He was pleas'd to look upon them as Satisfactory, and vouchsafed on that occasion to Discourse, as a virtuoso, of the Sea and Brackish-maters, and gave me some new, as well instructive Observations about them: and in conclusion, dismiss'd the Patentees with a Gracious Promise of his Royal Protection, and peculiar Favour.

To this short Narrative it now remains, that I briefly Subjoyn the chief things that perswaded me of the Salubrity of this Water, (whence may be justly and easily inferr'd, the Utility the Publick may receive by a cheap and easie way of preparing it.) First, then I consider'd that almost all the Rainwater that falls from the Clouds on the Main Ocean, and which (except perhaps in very few Places in Torrid Climates) is unquestionably receiv'd as wholsom, must be afforded by the Sea, and consequently [Page] be but Sea-water freed from its Salt, (according to the famous Motto, Redit Agmine dulci.) Next I found, (as his Majesty himself had done,) that the Liquour was well tasted, and without any sensible Brackishness; and some of it continued for between 4 or 5 Months in a large Christal Bottle, that I purposely kept unstopt, and for the most part in a South Window, where it neither did, not probably in a long time, will putrifie, or so much as appear troubled or less transparent; during which time, it was with Approbation tasted and smell'd by several Learned Physicians of the famous Colledge of London. Thirdly, I found it laver very well, which most Pump-waters, and many others that have some little (tho unperceiv'd) common Salt in them, will not do. Fourthly, this Water will boyle Pease tender, which amongst Seamen is one of the principal signs of good Water. Fifthly, In very good Ballances, with an Instrument that I purposely caus'd to be made for the nice weighing of Liquours, I found this Water far less heavy than one would expect; for if it differ'd at all in weight from the like quantity of undistill'd Water, (I speak with an If, because it is far more difficult to be exact in such nice Tryals, than the unpractic'd will imagine) the difference was not considerable, being but one part in 400, and that difference is very small in comparison of that which Navigators and learned Authors relate to be observable in natural Waters, all of them good and [Page] potable: I might tell you on this Occasion, that the last Great Duke of Tuscany, who was an Eminent Virtuoso, and the Patron of the celebrated Academy of the Lyncean Philosophers, is affirm'd, among other prudent Courses that he took for his Health, whereof he was very Sollicitous, to have constantly made use of distill'd Water, when he us'd any Water, for his own Drinking. And I could add other things favourable enough to the Patentees Water, if Haste, and perhaps Discretion too, did not oblige me to leave them yet unmention'd, that I might now have time to say somewhat of the main thing of all that convinced me of the Saltlessness of the Water I speak of. I consider'd then, Sixthly, that the thing that was aim'd at by those ingenious men, that at differing times, and in several Countries have attempted to make Sea-water sweet, and the thing that was requir'd by proposing Recompences, or otherwise to encourage the Makers of such Attempts, was to free the Sea-water from the Brackishness without any noxious Additament: so that on all sides it was taken for granted, that the only thing that kept the Sea-water from being safely Potable, was its Brackishness. From which reflection it was natural for Me to infer a Condition very favourable to our prepar'd Water. For having long since written a short Discourse of the Saltness of the Sea; I had been industrious to devise ways of comparing Waters in point of Brackishness. And by these I found the [Page] Patentees water to be more free from Common-salt than Waters that are usually drunk herein London, of which I remember I shewed those Gentlemen an experiment that surpriz'd, as well as convinc'd them. And that which more satisfi'd me myself, was a Tryal that I carefully made, by a way, which having mention'd, but not yet (for want of opportunity) disclos'd to His Majesty, the Respect I owe Him forbids me to impart without His leave: On which account I hope you'll be content to be at present assur'd of these two Things; One, that by this way of Tryal, I found, (what possibly you will think strange;) that if there were in Water, so much as one Grain of Salt, in above two Ounces of Water I could readily discover it: The other, that even by this critical Examen, I could not detect so much as a thousandth part of Salt in Our Prepar'd Water; whereas I found by Tryals purposely and carefully made, that our English Sea-water contain'd a 44, or 45th part of good dry Salt; or, which is all one, that 44 Pints, or near so many Pounds of Marine Water, would yield about one Pound of dry Common-Salt.

Thus Sir, you have a short and Art-less Account, such as my haste will permit, and the nature of the Subject requires, of my Part in promoting this prositabl Invention; to which I own my self a great well-wisher, not out of any private Interest (tho that was obligingly proffer'd me by the Patentees,) but as I think the bringing it into general use, may prove a real Service to Mankind, upon the [Page] Score of divers Utilities and Advantages, which yet, (tho I had leisure,) I should think very needless to enumerate to so discerning a Person as Dr. B. to whom I shall therefore hasten to subscribe my self,

SIR, A very Affectionate Friend, and Humble Servant,

R. BOYLE.

§

AFter so many forcible and convincing Testimonies in favour of this great Design, I shall make an Addition of the Approbation of His Majesty of Great Brittain; who, after the publication of the first Impression, having seen the convincing Proofs of the healthful Quality of this Water, hath resolv'd to have the same to be made use of in all his Sea-Port Garrisons; The which he caused to be published by express Order, in several Gazetts, and particularly in that of Munday, Novemb. 5. 1683.

[Page]

An ABSTRACT out of the Gazette, Numb. 1676.

HIS Majesty was pleas'd to Command the Honourable Mr.White-Hall Novemb. 2. 1683. Boyle to attend Him, to give His Majesty an Ocular Proof of the Nicety of his way of examining the freshness and saltness of Water, and to apply it to the Sea-Water, prepar'd according to the Patentees Invention; which being done before His Majesty, his Royal Highness, and the Duke of Grafton, several Persons or Quality being also present, it was made apparent, by a certain prepar'd Liquid which Mr. Boyle had brought with him, that a Discovery could be made if there were so much as a thousandth pare of Salt in a propos'd Water: By which Trval His Majesty, finding that the Prepar'd Sea-Water, for which he has granted his Royal Patent, was at least as free from Salt as the best Waters used in this Town: received such Satisfaction as to the wholsomness of the said Water, that He was pleased to declare his Royal Intentions both to encourage the said Invention, and to have the said Water made use of in his several Maritime Garrisons, which Nature has not furnished with wholsom Water.

[Page]

A Copy of a Letter from Captain Macdonnel, from aboard his Majesties Ship the Greybound, near the Coast of Spain, to one of the Patentees of Sea-Water.

SIR,

FOR these Four Months past, I kept your Sea-water (for its better Tryal) Buried in my Ships Hold, where, had it not been extraordinary good, it must infallibly have been of no use, and offensive, but I'll assure you it prov'd quite contrary; for yesterday, having several both of Sea and Land Officers on board for me, I made them insensibly taste of your Water, which I pretended to be from a Spring I watered my Ship at, Ten Leagues to the Southward of Sallie; they all affirm'd it to be as good as Tangier Water, the very best counted in the Streights, but when I discovered the Water to be yours, they hardly would give it Credit, and approv'd of it (as really it is, as good as can be drank) which they desired me to let you know.

Novemb. 3. 1683.

I am

Your Humble Servant Rand. Macdonnel.

§

[Page]

The Extremity of the last Winter having occasioned the loss of the President, a Rich East-India Ship, and many other of His Majesties Ship and Subjects to perish for want of Provision and Fresh-Water at Sea, His Majesty, for prevention of the like Misfortune, was pleased to Order the following Advice to be inserted in the Gazette of March 6. 1683.

[Page]

White-Hall, Feb. 28.

HIS Majesty having heard several Relations of die great Distress some of his Subjects have lately been in at Sea for want of fresh Water, hath been pleased for their Relief in such Cases, to command the Patentees for the new Invention of making Sea-water Fresh, to give the most publick notice they can of the Usefulness of the said Invention, of which his Majesty has received so great satisfaction, that his Majesty is pleased that those Instruments shall be provided for his Ships and Garrisons, where they ate not naturally provided with good Water. And in obedience to His Majesties Order, the Patentees do hereby give notice, That two Treatises have been written on this subject, which may be had at the Ship against the Royal Exchange, and at the Marine Coffee house, whereunto all Persons are referred for more particular Information; in which the great benefit and many Conveniences of this Invention, the casiness, both as to the Trouble and Expence, of making the Salt Water fresh, and the Wholsomness thereof, is clearly demonstrated by the Testimony of many Eminent Physicians. To which is added, a Letter written by the Honourable Mr. Boyle, by which he [Page] assures the Wholsomness, Durableness, and Sweetness of this Water. And a Letter from Captain Rand. Macdonnel, of the third of November 1683. from on Board the Grey-hound Frigat, near the Coast of Spain; wherein he affirms, that he kept of the Patentees Water, some that was given him, in his Ships Hold, from his leaving England, being four Months, and then having several Officers on Board him, gave them a taste of it, pretending it to be of the Spring near Sally, where he had watered, and which is as good as the best in the Streights, and they drank of it as such, till he discovered what it was; and then they approved of it to be as good as could be drank.

FINIS.

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Title statement

Farther additions to a small treatise called Salt-water sweetned shewing the great advantages both by sea and land of sea-water made fresh : together with the Honourable Mr. Boyle's letter and the approbation of the Colledge of Physicians of the wholesomeness of this water.

Fitzgerald, R. (Robert)

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1684

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2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).

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A39594

ID [STC]

Wing F1082

ID [STC]

ESTC R14952

ID [EEBO-CITATION]

13591817

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ID [VID]

100675

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— Farther additions to a small treatise called Salt-water sweetned shewing the great advantages both by sea and land of sea-water made fresh : together with the Honourable Mr. Boyle's letter and the approbation of the Colledge of Physicians of the wholesomeness of this water., Fitzgerald, R. (Robert), Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691., Fitzgerald, R. (Robert). Salt-water sweetned.. The ninth edition, Octob. 13..

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[6], 21 p.

Printed by John Harefinch ...,. London :: 1684.. (Written by Robert Fitzgerald. Cf. BM.) (Reproduction of original in Bodleian Library.)

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Editorial practices

EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO.

EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org).

The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source.

Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data.

Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so.

Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor.

The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines.

Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements).

Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site.