The baronage of England, or, An historical account of the lives and most memorable actions of our English nobility in the Saxons time to the Norman conquest, and from thence, of those who had their rise before the end of King Henry the Third's reign deduced from publick records, antient historians, and other authorities / by William Dugdale ... Dugdale, William, Sir, 1605-1686. 1675 Approx. 11351 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 629 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2003-01 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A36794 Wing D2480 ESTC R16723 12037707 ocm 12037707 52914

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 Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A36794) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 52914) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 65:1) The baronage of England, or, An historical account of the lives and most memorable actions of our English nobility in the Saxons time to the Norman conquest, and from thence, of those who had their rise before the end of King Henry the Third's reign deduced from publick records, antient historians, and other authorities / by William Dugdale ... Dugdale, William, Sir, 1605-1686. 2 v. : geneal. tables Printed by Tho. Newcomb, for Abel Roper, John Martin, and Henry Herringman ..., London : 1675-1676. Vol. 2 has special t.p.: The baronage of England ... which had their rise, after the end of King Henry the Third's reign, and before the eleventh year of King Richard the Second. London, 1676. Reproduction of original in Yale University Library.

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THE BARONAGE OF ENGLAND, OR An Historical Account OF THE LIVES and most Memorable ACTIONS of Our English Nobility In the SAXONS time, to the NORMAN Conquest; And from thence, of those who had their rise before the end of King HENRY the Third's Reign.

DEDUCED From Publick Records, Antient Historians, and other Authorities, BY WILLIAM DUGDALE NORROY King of Arms.

Nam genus & proavos, & quae non fecimus ipsi, Vix ea nostra voco. Ovid.

TOME the First.

LONDON. Printed by Tho. Newcomb, for Abel Roper, Iohn Martin, and Henry Herringman, at the Sun in Fleetstreet, the Bell in S. Pauls Churchyard, and at the Anchor in the Lower Walk of the New Exchange. 1675.

SERENISSIMO CELSISSIMOQVE CAROLO SECUNDO Dei Gratiâ MAGNAE BRITANNIAE FRANCIAE & HIBERNIAE MONARCHAE Fidei Defensori: GULIELMUS DUGDALUS NORROY Rex Armorum, MAJESTATI Ejus Humillimus ac Fidelis Subditus, & Servus, HOC OPUS D. D.

THE PREFACE.

THere having been so much, and so well, in general, already spoken in few words, by that great Orator Cicero, Cicero de Orat. 202 b. in commendation of History, That it is the Witness of times past, the Voice of Antiquity, the Light of Truth, and the Life of Memory; to offer more, were superfluous. Most certain we are, that every one, naturally, is desirous of Knowledge; and Experience teacheth us, That the gaining thereof, is not any way better, then by observing the success which hath attended the Actions of other Men.

Ailred,Ailred. Rieval. col. 369. n. 30. an old Monk of Rievaulx (who lived in the time of King Stephen, and Henry the Second) in his Preface to the History of King Edward the Confessors life, tells us, That, by Recording the Lives and Actions of the Good, those who come after, have encouragement to imitate their Vertues; and, that nothing more inciteth the mind of Man, to an emulation of others, then to hear the report of their noble Atchievements; conceiving, that by doing the like, they may reap the like benefit.

It is said of Demetrius Phalaraeus, Laert. lib. 1. cap. 5. that he advised King Ptolomy, to provide himself of Books touching his Kingdom, and such as did Treat of Military Actions, to the end, that therein he might read what his Friends durst not admonish him of.Aeneas Silvius d • Dictis Alphonsi. And that when Alphonsus, King of Aragon, lay sick at Capua, reading the famous Acts of Alexander the Great, written by Quintus Curtius, he grew so much pleased therewith, that, upon his recovery, he said, Farewel Avicen, farewel Hippocrates, and all other Physitians; and long live Quintus Curtius, the Restorer of my Health.

Of what relates to Kings, and Soveraign Princes, the Volumes, which have been already written, are large and numerous; nor hath there been a neglect to preserve the memory of others, though of inferior rank, who have been famous in their times; it being accounted a generous disposition in all Men, to endeavor to know whence their Forefathers were. For, besides what we find of such, dispersedly occurring in our Publick Histories and Annals: Divers there are, of whom a particular account hath been given, as to their Marriages and Issue. For instance,Impr. Paris. An. 1619. of some great Families in Bretaigne by Augustine du Paz: Impr. Paris. 1621. Of the Houses of Chastillon, Guines, Ardres, and many other, by Andrew du Chesne: And of ours in this Realm, by the Learned and Iudicius Robert Glover, long since Somerset Herald (in imitation of Claude Paradine his Alliances Impr. Lugd. An. 1561. Genealogicks) which with great exactness being performed, was afterwards made publickImpr. Lond. An. 1610. by Thomas Mills, his near Kinsman and Executor.

The like also of the Marriages and Issue of the Nobility of England, with-some Historical Notes,Impr. Lond. An. 1622. did Ralph Brook, sometime York Herald, accomplish in An. 1619. afterwards Reprinted with Corrections (I wish I could not say with too sharp and severe Reflections) by Augustine Vincent; at that time Windsore Herald; who, in his Epistle Dedicatory to the then Earl of Arundel and Surrey, Earl Marshal of England, intimates his purpose of somewhat touching The Baronage of England, and lives of such, as had been Companions of the most Noble Order of the Garter: For the effecting whereof, he had no small advantage by his free access to the Publick Records in the Tower of London, being then a Clerk in that Office; though, what progress he made in either of these, I never yet saw.

Of the Right Noble and Antient Family of Berkley of Berkley Castle in Com. Gloc. there hath that been done, in an Historical way, by the special Industry of a worthy Gentleman 〈…〉 , lately deceased, which I heartily wish may be a Pattern for some others to follow; it being faithfully extracted, partly out of Publick Records, and partly from the great mass of antient Charters, and other Memorials still remaining in Berkley Castle.

I must ingenuously acknowledge, that I had not any thoughts of attempting this Work, here made publick, until (by God Almighties disposal) attending the late King Charles the First (of Blessed Memory) in His Garison at Oxford, according to the duty of my place; and continuing in his service there, from the beginning of November, An. 1642. until the end of June, 1646. I had both leisure and opportunity of perusing many excellent Hist •••• al Manuscrips, choicely preserved in the Famous Bodleian Library, and sundry Colledges there; whence having gathered a large stock, of fit materials in order to such a Work, I grew encouraged to proceed farther; and thereupon, betook my self to a diligent search into those old Records in the Tower of London, Office of the Rolls, Exchequer, and sundry other publick places. Next into that incomparable Treasury of most antient and choice Manuscripts; which the late Right Worthy Sir Robert Co • ton Baronet, had, in his time, happily get together: And after that, into divers other, no less estimable; which, with much charge, had been gained by the Right Honorable the late Lord Hatton; and by his especial favor freely communicated to me; likewise into that elaborate Collection from the Pipe-Rolls made by Mr. Roger Dodsworth, (my late deceased Friend) and into sundry other, whereunto my Quotations do refer: Amongst which, those of the before specified Robert Glover, formerly Somerset Herald, (most opportunely acquired from several hands, wherein they lay obscured) were not the least.

A task (indeed) of such importance and weight (for so, at length, I found it to be) that though I had thus fitted my self with materials conducing thereto, I could hardly be perswaded to undertake. But considering at last, that these my Collections, which had been no small charge and pains to me, were not like to be of such use to those, unto whose hands, they might hereafter come, as to my self; I resolved to put them in order, and to begin the Work.

As to its Title, The Baronage of ENGLAND; some perhaps may doubt, whether it be suitable and proper to it; by reason it contains all other superior Dignities, from a Baron to a Duke, inclusive. It is therefore to be noted, That all those Degrees were antiently comprehended under that appellation; and, that this First Volume relates only to such of the Earls, and their Descendants, as had their first Advancements, before the end of King Henry the Thirds Reign; and to all others, who held their Honors or Baronies by Tenure, as antiently. The second, to those, whose Original hath been (viz. of Earls by Creation, and Barons by Summons to Parliament) before the Eleventh year of King Richard the Second's Reign. And the third, to those and their posterity, who have had their Creations by Patent (as most Barons had) or by Writ of Summons from that time (viz. 11 Rich. 2.) till this present age; the Dukes, Marquesses, and Viscounts, being herein likewise included, and reserved to their proper times and places.

As also to observe▪ That whereas antiently the Titles of both Earls and Barons were local, as from their cheif places of residence; of later times they are become meerly Titular: The Earls, and those of superior Degrees, having, for the most part, nothing to do in those Counties or Places; nor some of the Barons, but take their Titles of Honor according to their own fancy; sometimes of Places, whereof they are not owners; and sometimes of an old extinct Family, whereunto they stand not at all allied.

And, though we have little from our Publick Records, relating to those eminent Persons, who had usually the title of Earls (and sometimes in their Military capacity of Dukes) before the Norman Conquest: Yet, have I taken notice of them, from such of our old Historians, who have made any mention of their memorable Actions; which (indeed) is but very little, by reason that Literature was, in those days, at a low ebb; in regard of the frequent Wars and Troubles, which the Saxon Kings had one with another, and in defending themselves from those Pagan Danes; who, making so many invasions upon them, by the space of some hundreds of years, burnt and destroyed their cheifest Monasteries, wherein, whatsoever they had of Historical, or other Learning, was choicely preserved.

Certain it is, that, under those Kings, there were some, who had the Title of Thanes; a Dignity equal to that of Baron, after the Conquest; though of these (and but few neither) farther then meerly their Names, is there much (for the Reasons before noted) to be found. But, after Duke William of Normandy, had, by his Conquest here, obtained the Crown of this Realm, making a general distribution of the greatest part thereof, amongst his Friends and Followers; he advanced some of them to the Dignity and Title of Earls, others to that of Barons; as our old Poet, Robert of Glocester taketh notice.

But King William then therefore, abouten a two yeere, Went ayen to Normandy, from whence he com ere; As in the furst yeer, that he fong this Kingdome; And sone ayen to Englonde, on Seynt Nicholas day he come: And Knygtes of beyond the See, and other Men also, He gave hem londes in Englonde, that he lygtly come to. And yut her Eyres holdeth on londe many • on, And disherede kynde Men, that he helde his foon. The most deel of hege Men, that in Englonde ben, Been come of Normans, as ye now seen. &c.— And Erles and Barons, that he made here also; Though that thei come noght with good rygt thereto.

Of those Earls which were before the Norman Conquest, and for some time after, it is observable, That they were not Titular, but Officiary, that is to say, in the nature of Vice-Roys or Lieutenants to the King, in their respective Counties; their chief residence, being, for the most part, in the Principal Town of the Shire; whereupon they had, vulgarly, their Denomination from thence. Likewise, that though the antient Earls of Sussex, had their Seat at Arundel Castle, and for that reason were commonly called Earls of Arundel; there is nothing more certain, then that they were Earls of that County; as Ferrers was of Derbishire, though sometimes called Earl of Tutbury, in regard that Tutbury Castle (in Staffordshire) was his cheif Seat. And Gilbert Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, though somtimes called Earl of S • riguil, by reason that he had his cheif residence at Striguil Castle, near Che • stow in Monmouthshire.

Furthermore, that these Officiary Earls usually sate in the County Court as Iudges; most matters of moment being then determined before them; and Fines not seldom levied, as I have elswhereOr • g. Jurid. cap. 13 & 14. shewed.

As to the form and manner of advancing such to the Title and Dignity of Earls, who were so honored in those days; it was not always alike. Some there were, though not many, who had the same conferred upon them by Charter; of which, Geffrey Mandevill, Earl of Essex, by Maud the Empress, was the firstEx ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Cottonianâ., whereof there is now remaining any authentick testimony;Videsis Tit. of Honor by J. Selden▪ part. 2. cap. 5. n. 7. the rest, for the most part, being invested with that Honor, per Cincturam Cingulo Comitatus. Whereupon, the Sheriff had command to make Livery unto them of the Tertium Denarium de placitis Comitatus, ut sit inde Comes, (as were usually the words of the Precept) —The third penny of the Pleas of the County, that thereupon he might be Earl thereof; that isGlo •• . Spelm. Vocab. Denatius tertius. to say, Of the Fines, and Forein Emoluments, which antiently belonged to the Earl, the King having the other two parts, according to the Laws of King Edward the Confessor, viz. Rex habebit Csol, & Consul Comitatus Lta, qui tertium habebit Denarium de Forisfacturis. For certain it is, that until he had the Livery of the Tertium Denarium, he was not fully invested with the Earldom; as by this instance (amongst many) is evident, viz. Claus. •• H. 3. 〈◊〉 . Rex cinxit Thomam de Warwic cingulo Comitatus Warwic; & mandatum est Vicecomiti Warw. quod eidem Comiti habere faciat, id quod habere debet nomine Comits Warwici; & de quo praedecessores sui, Comites Warwici seisiti fuerunt, tanquam ad eos pertinente, nomine Comitatus Warwici. And, that this was the meaning of that Precept to the Sheriff (which bears date at Tewksbury, 24 Martii, 27 Hen. 3.) viz. That he should thereby be vested with the Earldom, may seem, from what an old Annalist MS. in Bibl. B • dl. K. 84. (Cant.) f. 50 • . addeth to the mention of making this Thomas Knight, at Whitsontide (the King then solemnising that Festival at Glocester) with Roger Bigod, and Hugh de Vere (the one Earl of Norfolk, the other of Oxford) scil. Willielm. Longespe accingitur gladio militari, sed non fit Comes Sarum. But as to the original of this Title of Earl, the Form of Investiture, Creation, Releifs, &c. considering that our great Selden Tit. of Honor, part. 2. cap. 5., hath so accurately and learnedly discoursed thereon, I shall say no more.

Touching the Title of Baron, as it hath been, here antiently used and understood; however some have made sundry ghesses at the Etymology of the word, which originally, with the Germans, signified Vir, id est, a Man. Plain it is, that with us, it meaneth a Freeman, or rather a Freeholder; whereupon those, who were the Kings cheif Tenants, id est, his principal Freeholders had the title of Barones Majores. And, as they thus holding of the King in Capite, by Barony, were called his Barons: So had most of the great Earls, in those elder times, their great Freeholders under them, whom they also called Barons; as is evident by their Charters, wherein they usually wrote Omnibus Baronibus suis, tam Francis quam Anglicis, &c. So likewise inferior Lords of Mannors, their Curia Baronum (not Curia Baronis, as is now the usual Title of the • ourt Roll) id est, The Court of their Free-holders, who were antiently Homagers to them, as the Kings were to him: Whereupon the Iurors in such Courts, are to this day, in many places, called The Homage.

And, as these great Tenants to the King, (who had their Titles from their principal Seats or Heads of their Baronies) were called his Barones Majores; so were his other Tenants (or Freeholders) who held of him by Military service in Capite, termed Barones Minores. Of which two sorts of Tenants, together with the Bishops and Earls, the Parliaments of this Realm, did antiently consist, as I have elswhereOrig. Jurid. cap. 5. shewed; only the Barones Majores had Summons by several Writs; and the other, who held by Military service in Capite, by one general Summons from the Sheriff in each County.

Which Tenants in Capite, called Barones Minores, did come to Parliament till 48 Hen. 3. for most evident it is, from what I have instanced in sundry places of this Work, that it was by the multitude of those who met in the Parliament held at Oxford, in 47 Hen.3. and by the strength of their numerous Retainers, at that time attending them, upon pretence of danger from the Welsh; that they forced the King to submit to those unreasonable Ordinances, called Provisiones Oxonii, there framed; whereby the Regal Authority was, in effect, totally wrested from him. And, having, by that means got the power into their hands; by which, raising a potent Army, they became victorious in the Battle of Lewes, the next ensuing year, where the King and Prince were both made prisoners, they thought it not safe to adventure the calling of any future Parliament, whereunto such numbers, with their large Retinues should have a colour to resort; left, after their tyrannous oppressions were sufficiently felt (as it is plain they then were) by the same Engine, whereby they got the Sword from the King, it might be recovered again from them.

And therefore, instead of those Barones Minores, and their Trains, they sent out special WritsClaus. 49 H. 3. 〈…〉 . in the Kings Name (he being then their prisoner) to summon only those of the Barones Majores, which were of their own Party; and the like PreceptsClaus. 49 H. 3. 〈…〉 . to the respective Sheriffs, in each County, to cause two Knights in every Shire, and one or two Burgesses for each Borough, to represent the Body of the People, residing in those Counties and Boroughs. Which rational device, for prevention of danger, being at that time begun by them, hath (as we see) been continued and practised, by the successive Kings of this Realm, ever since.

But in the Conquerors time, he who had not forty Hides of Land, was not reputed a Baron: For by an authentick Testimony, it is thus Recorded 〈…〉 —Abbas Wulfricus habuit fratrem, Guthmundum Vocabulo; cui filiam praepotentis viri, in matrimonium conjungi paraverat: Sed, quoniam ille xl. hidarum terrae dominium minus obtineret; licet nobilis esset, inter Proceres tunc nuncupari non potuit.

Certain it is, that though the Earls in those days, had that formality of Investiture, as I have briefly shewed, and afterward 〈…〉 , by a venerable Robe and Coronet; I do not find that the Barones Majores had any Creation at all, either by Charter or Robe, but were Barons by their Tenure only. And, that afterwards, others, having Writs of Summons, to come to Parliament, sate inter Barones; that is to say, with, and amongst those, who were Barons by Tenure; whereupon they were called their Peers or equals, and consequently were reputed Barons.

Touching the Antiquity of which Writs of Summons, I mean of such, who held not their Lands by Barony, but were called to those great Councils (we now term Parliaments) by reason of their Prudence; some are of opinion, that they began towards the later end of King Henry the Thirds Reign; which is very probable, in regard, upon that grand defection of those who had been in Arms against the King, and vanquished in the Battle of Evesham; most, if not all of them, were, at present, set aside. But▪ to point out, who they were, that had their first rise, by Writ of Summons, untilRot. Vascon. 22 E. 1. in dorso m. 8. 22 Edw. 1. and afterwards, passeth my skill; there being no publick Record, that doth make mention of them, till then, excepting that of 49 Hen. 3. which only taketh notice of those, who were, in the Kings Name summoned by the Rebellious Barons to that Parliament, which they held, whilst he was their prisoner.

Perhaps it may be doubted by some, whether every Family, of whom I have discoursed in this first Tome, where strictly Barons by Tenure, or not, because nothing doth appear by Inquisition, of some, that they held by Barony; nor, by any other memorial of their Releifs. To satisfie therefore the curiosity of such, I say, that, having found, from the Notes of some former Iudicious Antiquaries, that they were so reputed; I deemed it a safer error, to take notice of them, in that qualification, then, by their omission, tacitly to conclude them otherwise.

Peradventure also, it may be thought, that my omitting the Arms of those Families, whereof I do discourse, is a fault. But thereunto I answer, that, well considering Hereditary Arms to be of no greater Antiquity then King Richard the Firsts time: I might have been too rash, in attributing those, which (from the testimony of good Authority) have been since borne, to the times preceding, which were totally uncertain: So likewise, as to the Coronets of Earls, for which we have no sure authority, above King Edward the Third's time; neither of Viscounts till King James's, nor Barons till this of King Charles the Seconds Reign.

Besides, admitting good evidence for all these, throughout all times, such hath been the disuse of this age for cutting of Prints in Wood; by reason, that those in Copper are more beautiful; that the Art of Carving in that kind, is now so lost, as there is little done therein, but what would rather blemish the Work, then adorn it. And, as to Cuts in Copper, it is very well known, that there can be no use of them made by that Press, which Printeth the Book; but another, through which, by a chargable expence, every single Escutcheon is to pass.

As to the Scheams of Descents, whereby the Reader might be the better assisted in observing the contexture of the Discourse; I have inserted such as I thought most necessary; deeming the rest perspicuous enough, without that pains and trouble.

If in the first Volume of this Work, there shall be any doubt, whether the Families be ranked according to their Antiquities in Dignity; I must acknowledge, that I am much unsatisfied my self, as to that point: but having no clearer light, to guide me better, I have adventured to place them, as they are; wholly dissavowing any determination of my own therein, as to superiority, or precedence: professing, that, could I have fixed them with more exactness, I had much rather have so done.

As to the defects in the Matches and Issue of some who have lived, or yet live in these times: I must attribute it chiefly to the want of such Publick Enteries of them, as have formerly (that is to say, before the beginning of the late unhappy Troubles, in Ann. 1640.) been made in the Office of Armes; as also for lack of that opportunity of address, unto such, as might have given me better Instruction therein: And therefore shall desire, that those who are, or may be concerned in that kind, of whom I am properly to make mention in the other Parts of of this Historical Work, now 〈◊〉 for the Press; will take some care to cause such Entries to be made, as may preserve the memory of them to future times: Whereunto, having access, I may make use of what is most necessary.

And, as to the memorable Actions of those, who have lived in these later times; if it shall be thought, I have not been so Copious in making mention of them, as I might: I desire it may be considered, that the Reign of King James did not afford very much: And that the greatest part of King Charles the First's, was calm and peaceable, until the prevalent party in that unhappy Long Parliament, being tainted with Presbyterean Principles; raised such an insurrection as destroyed many Thousands; and at length terminated, in the horrid murther of that most pious and excellent King. Touching the chief Actors wherein, it is yet too early to discourse: But, in the next Age, 'tis like, that those subtile Artifices, whereby they first got Power into their bloody Hands; and their transcendent Oppressions, and Cruelties, when they had gained it, may be faithfully represented to the life, by some more able Pen; to the end, that Posterity may not be ignorant; that it was under the specious pretence of asserting the Established Religion, the Laws of the Land, and Liberties of the Subjects, that they allured the people to their assistance. Si enimM. Westm. in Anno 1259. (saith the Monk of Westminster, where he puts a Period to his History of that time, in which he lived) de potentibus vera dicuntur, & Scripturae commendentur, Bella parantur ei: Si taceantur, vel, si bona pro malis annotentur, mutilabitur; & de blandimentis, adulationibus, & falsitationibus, graviter Opus totale condemnabitur, & redarguetur.

Again; whereas it might be expected, that I should have ascended much higher, in my discourse of some Families than I have done; perhaps from the Norman Conquest, presuming them to have been Orginally French; and, that there is some colour for it, in regard their names are found in divers Coppies of that Memorial commonly called The Roll of Battail-Abby. To this I Answer; that there are great Errors or rather Fals • ties in most of those Copies; by atributing the derivation of many from the French, who were not, at all, of such Extraction; but meerly English; as by their Surnames, taken from several places in this Realm, is most evident. But such hath been the subtilty of some Monks of old, that, finding it acceptable unto most, to be reputed descendants to those who were Companions with Duke William, in that memorable Expedition, whereby he became Conqueror of this Realm; as that, to gratify them (but not without their own advantage) they inserted their nam •• into that antient Catalogue.

Perhaps also, some may think, that there is not enough said in honour of their own respective Families, comparatively with others. To such I Answer; that many there have been, who though raised to Honour, for their personal merits, did descend from Ancestors of eminent note in the World, for divers Ages, yet not Peers of this Realm of whom I could not justly be silent. Again, no rational person can judge, that all men in all times, have been alike active in the World▪ therefore, of them which lived privately, how can we expect to find more, than we now discerne of such, who are our own Contemporaries?

Besides, as all the parts of the habitable World were Successfully Planted and Peopled: And, as all Nations had their proper and peculiar times; and not their beginnings at one and the self same instant: so had every Family its respective time, in its deserved Exaltation.

And, as to those, whose personal virtues have been conspicuous, that they have worthily merited advancement to Honour: however the present Age may look upon them, with less esteem than such as can derive themselves from a long Descent of noble Ancestors; Posterity, will assuredly, set an higher value on them. For, Malo tibi Pater sit Thersites dummodo tu sis,Juvenal. 8. Eacidi similis Vulcaniaque Arma capessas, Quam te Thersiti similem producat Achilles.

¶There is much wanting to this Work, I acknowledge, that might have been gathered from those magnificent Tombes, and other venerable Memorials wherewith the Monasteries of England did plentifully abound, had there been sufficient notice taken of them, before their fatal dissolution; which by their Inscriptions, would have clearly ascertained the times of Death, places of Sepulture, divers Matches, many Children, and some memorable Actions of the persons there Interred; and which, through their ruine, are now utterly lost; the Figures whereof (by Prints from Copper-Plates) might likewise have been no small ornament thereto. But so great a prevalency, hath the Evil of Lucre had, upon the Hearts of worldly men, that occasion was taken, in the time of King Henry the eighth, to make what secular advantages they could from the miscarriages of others. And, though the Project, at first, was to accomplish what they brought to pass at last; yet did they not discover those their ravenous intentions, untill a proper season.

For having 〈◊〉 far as could be, packed the members of the House of Commons, in that notable Parliament, begun at Westminster, 3 Novemb. 21 Hen. 8. and continued by Prorogation untill the fourteenth of April, 27 Hen. 8. As also, insinuated to most of the Nobility, and other persons of quality, what temporal benefit they should acquire by the Dissolution of the Religious Houses; after divers subtile practises made use of, to effect what they had thus closely designed; they suggested to the people; That, For as much as manifest Sin, Vicious, Carnal, and Abominable living, hath been daily used and committed, in such little and small Abbies, &c. Where the Congregation of such Religious persons, was under the number of Twelve; whereby the Governors of such Houses, and their Covents, did spoil, destroy, consume, and utterly waste, as well those Monasteries, &c. their Lands, &c. as the Ornaments of their Churches, Goods and Chattels; to the high displeasure of Almighty God, slander of good Religion; and to the great Infamy of the Kings Highness, and the Realm, &c. if redress should not be had thereof: So that, without such small Houses were utterly suppressed; and the Religious persons therein, committed to great and honourable Monasteries of Religion, where they might be compelled to live Religiously, for Reformation of their lives, there could no redress, nor Reformation be, in that behalf. In consideration therof therefore: (for these are the very words of the Act) the Kings most Royal Majesty, being supreme Head, in Earth, of the Church of England; daily studying, and devising, the Increase, Advancement, and Exaltation of true Doctrine, and Virtue in the said Church, to the only Glory and Honour of God, &c. Considering also, that divers great Monasteries wherein (thanks be to God) Religion was well kept and observed, were destitute of such full numbers of Religious persons, as they might keep; did think good, that a plain Declaration should be made of the premisses: Whereupon the Lords and Commons, by great deliberation, finally resolved; that it should be much more to the pleasure of Almighty God, and Honour of this Realm; that the possessions of such small Religious Houses, &c. should be converted to better uses, &c. and thereupon did humbly desire, that it might be Enacted, that his Majesty should have and enjoy to him and his Heirs for ever, all and singular such Monasteries, &c. to the pleasure of Almighty God, and to the Honour and Profit of this Realm.

But when by this device (which I thought not impertinent here to set forth) they followed the Chase with quicker speed in Order to the full fruition of all the rest. Which they accomplished within less then three years after, by Instruments of Surrender from the respective Covents: partly through corrupting the chief in each of them, with large Pensions, during their lives: and partly by terror, to such as were not plyant. Which, being affected; to secure what was done, all possible haste was made, not only to demolish those goodly Structures, wherein they did inhabit; but the totall Fabricks of their very Churches, wherein some of the Kings of this Realm, and most of the Nobility, and other persons of chief Note, were honourably Entombed: And then to disperse their possessions into sundry Lay-Hands; either by free Gift, easy purchases, or Advantageous Exchanges: and this for fear lest they might ever return to be again imployed unto such uses, as the Piety of their well-meaning Founders did Originally designe them.

Nor did this ravenous practise make a stop here: but after the Reformation began in the time of King Edward the Sixth, which abolished Indulgences, Prayers for the Dead, and many of those Devices, then called Piae Fraudes, which had been used in the Church; whereby the temporal profit of the Lay-man, was thought to be not a little impared; they fell to work again, under the specious pretence of taking away those things out of other places, as were then thought unnecessary, and superstitious: Whereby, such spoil and destruction was made in the Cathedrals, Collegiate, and Parochial-Churches of the Nation; by defacing those Monuments of the Dead, where any gain was to be had; as that few of them, whereon any Portraicture in Brass, or Copper; or Epitapths in such mettle had been engraved, were permitted to remain; but were barbarously torne away, and sold to common Brasiers and Tinkers: In so much as Complaint being made thereof to Queen Elizabeth, she issued out two Proclamations; the one in the Second year of her Reign, and the other in the Fourteenth, for putting a restraint to this execrable dealing. But alas, all too late; that mischief being done which could not be repaired.

Such hath been (we see) the specious Mask, which Covetousness puts on; viz. to pretend Purity, Sanctity, and the Honor of God; but under those holy Veiles, to perpetrate the greatest Villanies imaginable. Consonant whereunto, it cannot easily be forgotten, what we have seen, of this kind, acted over again in our own times. In which those few Memorials of the dead, that were left undestroyed before; have been, by the horrid rapine of those Holy-pretended Zealots (then in Armes) throughout all the Cathedrals of this Realm, and most Parochial Churches, almost totally eradicated.

With what difficulty, length of time, and expence, the Materials for this Work have been got together, there are not many, I am sure, that can well Iudge. And yet I must expect no less than the censure of some, who would have it thought, that they know much; if they do hit upon any thing that I have not seen; and perhaps will tax me with negligence, or worse, for omitting it; though it be as unlikely that I should have cognisance thereof, as 'tis to know what money another man hath in his Pocket.

Others there are, I doubt, who will be apt to blame me for representing the piety of antient times, in such sort, as I have done; looking upon it as vain, and superstitious: But whatsoever the opinion of those may be, as to matter of Merit; I think it safest to judge the most charitably of all men.

As it is much satisfaction, to my self; that after so many years travel and pains, I have thus far brought to light the most remarkable Actions of divers worthy men, who have long since flourished in this Realm; and been famous in their generations: which till now, for the most part, have lain buried in the depth and darkness of Oblivion: So it will be to all other (I am sure) who have any sense or regard for the Honour of their dead Ancestors; and likewise encourage some publick Spirits of greater abilities, and better Interest, to pursue the work, thus begun by doing right, in due time, to those of this Later age, touching whom I have made but a brief mention, for the reasons before expressed.

Some, perhaps, there are, who may be doubtfull as to the certainty of divers things which are related in this Historical Work from the Credit of our Chronologists, whose usual course hath been to magnifie the eminent Actions of the Worthies in their times, with Hyperbolical Encomiums; as they did also the Piety of the Religious, unto little less than Miracle. But if, for this respect, what is of that kind delivered, shall be esteemed meerly fictitious, the renowned Enterprises of those elder Ages, would be not a little obscured. For, though to beget the higher Honor to the same of Heroick men, those antient Writers (the Monks) did assume a Poetical liberty in extolling their glorious Exploits, somewhat farther than strictly they ought; to the end that the greater Veneration should be had to their Memories; if▪ for that reason those their Reports shall be totally exploded; there is nothing more certain, than that much of Truth will be utterly lost.

As to what I have related, which is beyond the memory of those, who have been or are my own Contemporaries; my Authorities are exactly quoted. But as to what hath happened within that time, it is upon their credit, who had no reason to speak farther, or otherwise than their own knowledge doth reach: So that, I hope, there are no mistakes therein, but what the candid Reader may very well pardon; if they be other than the Printers faults: my chief end, being to deliver nothing but Truth, and with an honorable respect to every one.

And now to conclude, As this Historical Discourse will afford (at a distance) some, though but dim, prospect of the Magnificence and Grandure, wherein the most Antient and Noble Families of England did heretofore live: So will it briefly manifest how Short, Vncertain, and Transient Earthly greatness is. For of no less than two hundred and seventy in number, touching which this first Volume doth take notice; there will hardly be found above Eight, which do to this day continue; and of those not any whose Estates (compared with what their Ancestors enjoyed) are not a little diminished. Nor of that number (I mean 270.) above twenty four, who are by any younger Male-Branch descended from them, for ought I can discover.

The most material Mistakes, which have been committed in the Printing of this Book, are to be Corrected as followeth; the rest may be easily amended by the considerate Reader.

PAge 3. b. Line 46. should have killed, p. 7. a. l. 44. buried in, p. 23. a. l. 21. as Judge, p. 35. b. l. 62. Grandfather to, p. 38. b. l. 56. Hardreshell, p. 42 a. l. 16. which, p. 4 • . a. l. 9. was brought. Ib. l. 26. Normandy, p. 46. a. l. 34. extent, Ib. b. l. 65. Burgages, [p. 47. a. l. 37. dele leaving Stephen his Brother to succeed him in the Earld • m.] p. 53. b. l. 3. Alan niger, p. 58. b. l. 17. who first, p. 63. a. l. 28. of the Earl of Allemarle, p. 68. a. l. 11. Deven, p. 66. b. l. 25. Cor •• iles, p. 68. a. l. 32. Ab • ot. p 71. a. l. 48. Robert de. p. 72. a. l▪ 7. hortatory, p. 82. a. l. 17. his Soul, p. 85. a. l. ult. 1118. p. 68. a. l. 10. he could, p. 88. a. l. 34. unwariness, p. • 7. b. l. 58. C •• ssewell. p. 100. b. l. 8. Livery, p. 101. b. l. 52. King Iohn, p. 104. a. l. 25 〈◊〉 , p. 109. • . l. 25 merits, p. 1 • 0. a. l. • 4. not. Ib. b. l. 16. Aid, p. 112. b. 1. 5. to, p. 115. a. l. 47. which, p. 117 • . l. 65. be so, p. 118. b. l. 64. merits, p. 121. a. l. 33. his Brother, Ib. l 71. 〈◊〉 , Ib. b. l. 6. his, p. 123. b. l. 70. Smite, p. 125. b. l. 41. Edw. 1. p. 129. a. l. 32. principal, Ib. l. 24 & 25. accusing the, p. 130. a. l. 68. Coton, p. 134. a. l. 6. xvme. p. 146. a. l. 9. •• mund, Ib. l. 19. as is, Ib. p. l. penult, unworthy, p. 156. a. l. 11. nota • le, p. 161. a. l. 40. R • ms. p. 162. b. l 〈◊〉 . • orbet, p. 172. a. l. 1. 1625. p. 174. b. l. 49. Chaworth, p. 181 a. l. 43. his Sons Wives, Ib. b. l. 58. and his Heirs, Ib 〈◊〉 . dele who •• cceeded him in these Earldoms of Hereford and Essex, p. 191. a. l. 7. at H • ghford, p. 193. a. l. 9. Caumpes, Ib. l. 36 • agbion. p. 194. b. l. ult. Philipp • a, p. 195. b. l. ult, Calvert • n, p. 1 • 6. a. l. 5. Thunder • ly, p. 199. b. l. 7. Todingt • n, p. 208. b. l. 〈◊〉 fortified, p. 211. a. l. 5. an, p. 231. a. l. 56. merits, p. 234. b. l. 3. the English delayd, p. 237. b. l. 64. Hadso • re, p. 145. a. l. 39. Ivry, p. 257. b. l. 17. founded, p. 295. a. l. 34. 40 Edw. 3. p. 309. a. l. 37. and did, p. 311. a. l. 57. Hal ••• , p. 313. b. l. 18. Hiza •• th Wife, p. 315. a. l. 4. & l. 25. & b. l. 26. Wr • x • ster, p. 318. b. l. 28. bitterly, p. 325. b. l. penult. to whom succeeded. In the Pedegree l. 32. Sudley, p. 329. a. l. 22. reteined, Ib. l. 38. • b. l. 36. merits, p. 358. b. l. 38. said Margares, p. 362. a. l. 31. an absolute, p. 367. b. l. 57. sent amongst, p. 368. a. l. 43. only the, p. 373. a. l. 6. Ma • ley, p. 374. b. l. 49. Brayton, p. 375. b. l. 3. Wit • novre, p. 376. b. l. 29. • ilpec • , p. 407. b. l. 63. manc, p. 420. a. l. 46. Edw. l. p. 431. a. l. 46. Edw. 1. p. 453. a. l. 5. Lucia, p. 455. b. l. 8. 1080. p. 461. a. l. 30. was possessed of, p. 469. b. l. 49. Me •• ent, p. 504. b. l. 26. Maldred, p. 583. b. l. 23. levied. In 12 H. 2. p. 545. a. l. 1. & 1. 3. Edw. 2. p. 553. a. l. 42. Wool-fells, 565. a. l. 31. and died in, p. 583. b. l. 45. Skevingt • n, p. 585. a. l. 32. Altar. p. 589. a. l. 35. Engestrey, Ib. b. l. 6. • rother▪ to Will. Lord Hastings, p. 623. a. l. 62. Saperten, p. 633. a. l. 59. dele 19 H. 3. p. 666. a. l. 49. 46 H. 3. p. • 72. b. l. a. fired it.

In divers places, instead of Io • . is put Iohn. And in some of the Pedegrees miles for militis.

THE BARONAGE. OF ENGLAND BEFORE THE Norman Conquest.
Earl of Gloucester.

OF this County I have not met with the mention of any more than one Earl before the Norman Conquest; nor in any other County one so antient: Eldol, being Earl here in the Year of Christ 461.An. 461. of whom it is reportedM. Westm. in eodem anno., That when Hengist, the Saxon, having heard of K. Vortimer's death, return'd into Britany with Four thousand Soldiers, K. Vortigern, with his Nobles, determined to give them Battle; whereupon Hengist resolving to prevail by Treachery, signified to Vortigern, that himself and all his Forces should be at his disposition: And that for better confirming of what he so offered, Ambresbury was appointed for the place of their meeting; but at this meeting, the Britains being unarmed, (the Saxons having long Knives called Seaxes) were, for the most part, perfidiously murthered: Which being discerned by this valiant Eldol, then Earl of Gloucester, he presently took up a Stake, which he found by chance, and with it laid about him with such courage, that he slew no less then Seventy of them; and having broke the Heads, Arms, and Limbs of many more, got from them into Gloucester.

¶After this, scil. in An. 489.An. 489. when Aurelius Ambrosius, M. Westm. in eodem anno. King of the Britains, sent to raise all the Power of the Nation, for to extirpate these Pagans, unto whom he gave Battle near the River Don in the North. This famous Earl Eldol having an earnest desire to encounter personally with Hengist, rusht through the thickest of them with that Troop which he commanded, and pull'd him out by the Nose of his Helmet; whereupon the Saxons fled, and the Britains had the Victory. Which being, by the admirable courage of Eldol, thus obtained; and a Meeting had of the principal Commanders of the British Army, to consider how to dispose of Hengist; up stood Eldad, Bishop of Gloucester (Brother to Eldol) and said in great wrath; That if all would have him saved, he himself would cut him in pieces, asking, why they should be so effeminate as to stick thereat: Whereupon Eldol taking him out of the Town, drew his Sword, and cut off his Head.

Earls of Cornwal.

OF this County was Gorlois Earl,An. 499. in the time of Vther-Pendragon, King of the Brit • ons, of whom this is reportedMatth. Westm., That Vther determining to solemnize the Feast of Easter at London, with great honor, appointed all his Nobles to be thereat; amongst which, this Gorlois then was, together with Igerna his Wife, whose Beauty did surpass all other Brittish Women; so that the King fell in love with her, and courted her with all delicates: Which being discerned by the Earl, he retired speedily into his Countrey without leave; the King therefore being highly incensed against him for so doing, hasted after him into Cornwal, and fired divers of his Towns; and at length besieging him at Dimilioch, provoked him to come out to Battle: Which he did so inconsiderately, he being one of the first mortally wounded, his followers disperst themselves. After whose death the King took Igerna to Wife; and begot on her a Son, called Arthur, who became afterwards not a little famous.

¶The next Earl was Cador, An. 517. who when King Arthur had besieged Colgrine, Mat. Westm. the Saxon General in the City of York; understanding that ••• dulph the Brother of Colgrine, expecting the coming of more Saxons upon the Sea Coast, designed to fall upon King Arthur in the night 〈◊〉 . Arthur having notice thereof by his Scouts, 〈◊〉 this valiant Cador with Six hundred Horse and Three thousand Foot; who meeting the Enc •• y unexpectedly, flew many of them, and routed the rest.

About three years after,An. 520. upon another invasion of the Saxons, Mat. Westm. and a great Battle fought with them near Bathe in Somersetshire, wherein Colgrine and 〈◊〉 (beforementioned) lost their lives; and Cheldric, the other principal Leader of them, with the remaining part of their Forces were put to flight. This Earl Cador, by King Arthur's Command, pursued them into the Isle of Thanet, slew Cheldrick, and forced the rest to yield themselves to his mercy.

This noble Cador left issue Constantine, An. 542. whom King Arthur at his death,Mat. Westm. appointed to be his Successor in his Kingdom of Britain.

¶The next Earl was Godric, of whom I have seen no other mentionH. Knighton. col. 2320. n. 30., than that Egelwold, sometime King of England, leaving no other issue that survived him, but one Daughter, named Goldusburgh, (Six years of age at his death) committed her to the tuition of this Godric, who afterwards gave her in marriage to Hanele • , Son to Birkelan, King of Denmark.

¶In the time of King Aethelred Ailmer or Aethelmare (for so is he also called) was Earl of this County; who, being a person of singular Piety, FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 254. b. first of all the Abbey of Cerne in Dorsetshire, in the days of King Edgar; and had so great a veneration to the memory of Eadwald, Brother of S. Edmund the Martyr, who ledIbid. p. 254. a. n 50. an Hermites life in Dorsetshire beforementioned, near to a certain Spring called the Silver-well; that, with the help of Dunstan (Archbishop of Canterbury) he translatedIbid. p. 254. a. n 50. his Relicks to the old Church of Ce • nel, then the Parish Church.

¶After this, scil. in An. 1005. (in the time of King Ethelred) he FoundedIbid. p. 258. & 259. the Abbey of E • n • sham in Oxfordshire; and likewiseMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 206. a. the Priory of Bruton in Somersetshire (all Monks of the Benedictine Order) which he amply endowed, as by the Authorities, which I have here cited, will appear; though in that of Bruton, Cannons of S. Augustine, were afterwards placed.

This Ailmer wasMatth. Westm. in An. 1013. also Earl of Devonshire, under which Title, in the year 1013. when Matth. Westm. in. An. 1013. S • ane King of Denmark overrun the greatest part of the Land, with his Army, and forced King Etholred to betake himself unto the City of Winchester for refuge; he with all the great men of the West, fearingMatth. Westm. in. An. 1013. the tyranny of the Danes, submittedMatth. Westm. in. An. 1013. themselves to Suane, and gave HostagesMatth. Westm. in. An. 1013. for their peaceable obedience unto him.An. 1016. And about three years after this, when King Edmund Ironside fought so stoutly against King Canute (Son to the same Suane) he, joyning Matth. Westm in An. 1016. with that traiterous Eadric Streona, Earl of Mercia, and Earl Algar, adheredMatth. Westm in. An. 1016. to Canute.

Of his Issue there nothing more appeareth, than that he left a SonR. H • ved. fol. 250 b. n. 20. called Aethelward, who in the year 1018. was killedR. Hoved. fol. 250 b. n. 20. by King Canute, together with that great Traytor Eadric Streone, Earl of Mercia.

Earls of Worcestershire.

THough in all other Shires, those who were employed in the Rule and Government under the respective Kings, in the Saxons time, had the Title of Comites and Duces; yet these, in this County,An. 681. were called Subreguli: Of which, O •• ic is the first, unto whom K. Ethelred in the year of Christ 681. gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. fol. 10 • b. n 40 & 50. Three hundred Tenements (id est, Houses with Land belonging to them) in Gloucestershire, and unto Oswald his Brother, as much in this Shire, they being called Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. fol. 10 • b. n 40 & 50. Ministri sui nobilis generis, his Servants or Officers of Noble descent. Out of which great gift, this Osric FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. fol. 10 • b. n 40 & 50. • a Monastery of N •• ns in the City of Gloucester to the honor of S. Peter the Apostle, constitutingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. fol. 10 • b. n 40 & 50. Keneburge his Sister first Abbess there.

This Osric (sometimes calledIb. • . 12 • b. n. 20. • 137. b. a. • 0. Oshere) gave Ib. • . 12 • b. n. 20. • 137. b. a. • 0. unto two Nunns, viz. Dunnun and Bucgan, the place called Widsandun, consisting of Twenty Fermes lying near the River Tillah, for the Founding of an Abbey there.

He also gaveIbid, 〈…〉 b. a. 30. the Village of Rippel to one Frithwald, a Monk in the Monastery of Worcester, for his support there under that Ecclesiastick Rule.

¶The next to him was Huctred, sometimes calledIbid. p. 120 a. • . 31. Dux Wicciorum, who gaveIbid. p. 120 a. • . 31. to the Monks of Worcester, the Lordships of Stoke and Scepeston, in the time of King Offa. As also Ib. p. 138 a. n. 10. Uverabyrig (id est, An. 756. Overbury) Eatun Ib. n. 2 • . & 30., (near the Brook called Selewear • e) and the Ib. n. 2 • . & 30. Lordship of Scepanaesctun to the Monks of Worcester.

¶After him Eanbert (Brother to the same Vhtred) who gaveIb. n. 40. Tredinton to that Monastery.

¶And lastly, Aldred (Brother to Vhtred) who bestowedIb. p. 10 • a. n. 60. • 113 b. •• 20. on the Monks of S. Peter at Gloucester, Threescore Fermes at Culne. As also Ib. p. 10 • a. n. 60. • 113 b. •• 20. an Hundred and twenty Hides, lying without the Walls of Gloucester, where now the Bertone is; andIb. p. 10 • a. n. 60. • 113 b. •• 20. in Nymdesfeld Three Ferms. Moreover he confirmedIbid. p. 124 • . • 50. the Grant of Timbingetue (lying at the Foot of Wendesclyf) which Village King Offa gaveIbid. p. 124 • . • 50. to the Monastery at Clife.

He likewise gaveIbid. p. 138. n. 30. the Lordship of Westune to the Church of Breodune: And to theIbid. n. 60 Monastery of Worcester Secgesbearwe, in An. 778.

Earls of Northumberland.

BEing now to speak of the Earls of this County, as it is at this day limitted with Cumberland and Westmerland, Westwards; with the Bishoprick of Durham; Southwards; with Scotland to the North, and the Sea to the East. It will be fit in the first place to manifest, That long ago that part of England, called Northumberland, was of a far larger extent; therefore, before I proceed with my Story of these Earls, I have thought it necessary to take notice, that the antient 〈…〉 Bounds of that Territory, known by the name of Northumberland, was 〈…〉 the whole Tract of England, from the River Humber Northwards, to Scotland, together with Lancashire, Westmerland, and Cumberland; and so it continued 〈…〉 during the time that it was governed by Kings, being divided 〈…〉 into two parts; viz. Deira, which is that lying betwixt Humber and the River Teise; and Bernicia, that betwixt Teise, and the River Twede: But when it began to be governed by Earls or Consuls, their Jurisdiction was, for the most part, restrained Ibid. n. 〈◊〉 to the Banks of Tine and Derwent, towards the South; Westmerland and Cumberland towards the West, Scotland to the North, and the Sea to the East, as it is at this day; so that few of them had to do beyond those Bounds.

Admitting therefore for truth what hath been said, it must be concluded, That those two Earls, viz. Brithric Brithric. Offere. (or Berth) and Offere, who ruled here in the time of Egfrid, King of Northumberland, were Ministerial under him only for the whole extent from Humber to Scotland. Of which Earls,An. 700. there is cheifly thisJorval. col 793. n. 30. Matth. Westm. memorable; First, That Brithric being sent by King Egfrid into Ireland with an Army; notwithstanding that the Irish then were a harmless people, and always Friends to the English Nation, he miserably wasted that Countrey, but were not long unrevenged, forJorval. ut supra. the year ensuing, Egfrid invading that part of Scotland then inhabited by the Picts. (though S. Cutbbert earnestly disswaded him therefrom) was slain: And that Brithric, soon after makingJorval. ut supra. another in-road upon the Picts, to vindicate King Egberts death, lost Jorval. ut supra. his life.

The like fateMat. Westm. also had Offere, An. 708.who within few years after, made another adventure against them for the same cause.

¶From which time, until the year 953.An. 953. I find no mention of any other Earl; but then, the people submittingR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. 10. & n. 30. to the Dominion of King Edred, the West Saxon Monarch, to preserve their Countrey from destruction, which he had threatned; in regard, that contraryR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. 10. & n. 30. to their Faith, solemnly made to him, they had advancedR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. 10. & n. 30. Eiric (a Dane) to be King of those Northern Parts, Osulph wasMonast. Angl. Vol. • . p. 41 b. n. 20. & 30. constituted. Which Osulph, afterwards, in the Reign of King Edgar receiving Monast. Angl. Vol. • . p. 41 b. n. 20. & 30. Oslac to be his Companion in the Rule, govern'd Monast. Angl. Vol. • . p. 41 b. n. 20. & 30. all the Countrey on the North of Tine, Osulph. Ossar. Wa • theof Senior. leaving Monast. Angl. Vol. • . p. 41 b. n. 20. & 30. Yorkshire and the rest (South thereof) to Oslac.

¶To Osulph succeededR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. • 0. S. Dunelm. col. 79. n. 50. Waltheof, commonly called Waltheof Senior, in whose time (scil. An. 969.An. 969.) Malcolme, King of Scotland, (Son to Kyneth) invadingR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. • 0. S. Dunelm. col. 79. n. 50. Northumberland with a numerous Army, and making great devastation there with Fire and Sword, advanced to Durham, and laidR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. • 0. S. Dunelm. col. 79. n. 50. Siege thereto; Aldune then governing that Territory betwixt Tine and Teise (which was S. Cuthberts Patrimony) as Bishop there. This Earl Waltheof making noR. Hoved. fol. 243. n. • 0. S. Dunelm. col. 79. n. 50. opposition, in regard of his extream age, which rendred him unfit for Military Services; so that, for his own safety, he was constrained to shutIbid. up himself in Bambrough Castle.

¶But Vchtred, Vchtred. the Son of this Earl Waltheof, being aIbid. col. 80. Person of an active disposition, and very valiant; discerning that the Scots had thus wasted that Countrey, and besieged Durham; and that his Father let them alone,Ibid. col. 80. raised what power he could, out of Northumberland and Yorkshire; and therewith (though much inferior in number to the Enemy) flewIbid. col. 80. the greatest part of them; so that the King himself, with some few, were forced to saveIbid. col. 80. themselves by • light. And being thus victorious, causedIbid. col. 80. the Heads of the cheif of those bold Invaders to be cut off and carried to Durham; where he fetIbid. col. 80. them upon Poles round the Walls of that place. Whereupon King Ethelred, hearing of this most heroick exploit, sent forth with for Vchtred; and, though his Father, Earl Waltheof, was then living, confe • ed Ibid. upon him this Earldom, adding the Cou • ty of York thereto.

¶But afterwards, scil, in An. 1013.An. 1013. (King Edmund Ironside Reigning) Swane, King of Denmark invadingW. Ma •• . fol 38. b. n. 30. R. Hoved. fol. 248 a. n. 10. Jorval. col. 891. n. 50. & 60. England; this Earl Vchtred, gaveW. Ma •• . fol 38. b. n. 30. R. Hoved. fol. 248 a. n. 10. Jorval. col. 891. n. 50. & 60. the first example of defection, submitting himself to his power, and swearingW. Ma •• . fol 38. b. n. 30. R. Hoved. fol. 248 a. n. 10. Jorval. col. 891. n. 50. & 60. fealty to him. Whereupon all the Northern parts of the Land didW. Ma •• . fol 38. b. n. 30. R. Hoved. fol. 248 a. n. 10. Jorval. col. 891. n. 50. & 60. the like.

Howbeit, after the death of King Swane, Canute his Son entredS. Dunelm. col. 81. England again with a very great power; and, at his Landing sentS. Dunelm. col. 81. to this Earl Vchtred, knowing him to be a person of no small power; and therefore solicitedS. Dunelm. col. 81. his utmost aid; withS. Dunelm. col. 81. promises, that he should enjoy all his Honors, and much more: Nevertheless Vchtred refusedS. Dunelm. col. 81., saying,S. Dunelm. col. 81. That he had already plighted his Faith to King Eth •• red his Liege Lord, and Father in Law, of whose gift he had enough already, and that he would never betray him.

At length King Ethelred departing this life, Cnute by his power, tookIbid. upon him the Dominion here, and sent again to Vchtred, requiring Ibid. his attendance on him as his Leige Lord and King. Whereupon Vchtred obtaining safe conduct for his going and return, wentIbid. to the Court; but, as he was passing towards the King, through the wicked contrivanceIbid. of one • urebrand, sirnamed Hold (a great Person in that age) divers armed Men, who lay secretly behind a Traverse, rushed in upon him, and murtheredIbid. him, with no less than forty of his Attendants, who were then at his heels.

This Earl Vchtred gave great assistanceS. Dunelm. col. 28. n. 20. unto Bishop Aldune, in his Building of Durham: And first took to WifeS. Dunel. col. 79 a. n 60. E • gfrid, Daughter of that Bishop, with whom he hadS. Dunel. col. 79 a. n 60. these Lordships, viz. Bermetune, Skirningheim, Eltune, Carltune, Heaclif, and Heaseldene, upon conditionS. Dunel. col. 79 a. n 60., that he should maintain her honorably as his Wife, so long as she should live; but after his Victory over the Scots he grew so elated, that he turnedIbid. col. 80. n. 10. her home to her Father; who thereupon entredIbid. col. 80. n. 10. upon those Lordships again, and marriedIbid. n. 20. Sigen, Daughter of a rich Citizen, called Styr, the Son of Vlf; who was given unto him by her Father, for that,Ibid. n. 20. he the said Earl Vchtred, had killed Thurebrand beforementioned, an utter Enemy to Styr.

And, after this, growing highly in favor with King Ethelred, in respect of his Military knowledge, he obtainedIbid. Elgiva, Daughter of that King, for his third Wife; by whom he had a DaughterIbid. named Aldgitha, given in marriage Ibid. to Maldred, the Son of Crinan, an eminent Thein in those days, and Progenitor to that Noble Family of the Nevills, as I shall farther shew in due place.

Upon this Earl Vchtred's forsaking of Ecgfrid his first Wife (Daughter to Bishop Aldune) a Theine of Yorkshire, called Kilvert, Son of Ligulf, marriedIbid n. 30. her; by whom she had issueIbid n. 30. a Daughter named Sigrid, wedded to Arkil Son of Ecgfrid; which Arkil had by her a SonIbid n. 30. called Cospatric, who weddedIbid n. 30. ... Daughter of Dolfin, Son of Turfin, and had issue Cospatric, who was to have fought against Waltheof, Son of Elfi: But at length Kilvert forsaking his said Wife, her Father (Bishop Aldune receivedIbid n. 30. her again, with those Lordships which he had formerly given to her for her maintenance; whereupon she vowedIbid n. 30. Chastity, taking the Veil, and was after buriedIbid n. 30. in the Churchyard at Durham.

¶Upon the murther of Earl Vchtred, An. 1016. King Canute constitutedW. Malmesb. fol. 41 a. n. 10. & 40 a. n. 30. R. Hoved. f. 207. b. n. 4. 249 a. n. 20. 250 b. R. Hunt. f. 207 b. n. 40. one Eric 〈◊〉 . (or Hirc) Earl of this Province; but being not pleased long with him, he forcedW. Malmesb. fol. 41 a. n. 10. & 40 a. n. 30. R. Hoved. f. 207. b. n. 4. 249 a. n. 20. 250 b. R. Hunt. f. 207 b. n. 40. him to flee; and placed: Eadulf, sirnamed Cudel, Earl in his stead.

¶This Earl Eadulf-Cudel, being a sluggishS. Dunelm. col. 81. n. 10. and timerous Man, stood much in fear, that the Scots would revenge upon him the death of those their Countreymen, who had been slain by Earl Vchtred (as hath been said;) and therefore, to pacifie them,Eadulf-Cudel. quittedS. Dunelm. col. 81. n. 10. Lou •••• wholly unto them; by which means that Territory cameS. Dunelm. col. 81. n. 10. at first to be a Member of Scotland.

¶After a short time Eadulf, departing this life,Aldred. Aldred, Son to the before specified Earl Vchtred, by Ecgfrid his first Wife, came to be EarlIb. n. 20. and slewIb. n. 20. Thurebrand, the Murtherer of his Father; which occasioned no small contestsIb. n. 20. betwixt Carl, the Son of Thurebrand, and Earl Aldred; yet at length, through great mediation of Friends,Ibid. n. 30. Peace being made betwixt them, they resolvedIbid. n. 30. to go together to Rome, but were hindredIbid. n. 30. by tempestuousness of the Sea; whereupon returning back, Carl receivedIb. & col. 204. n. 30. Earl Aldred into his House, feasting him very honorably with all seeming affection; but afterwards alluring him into a place called 〈◊〉 , most barbarously murtheredIb. & col. 204. n. 30. him there.

¶Unto which Aldred succeededIbid. Eadulf Eadulf. his Brother, who being much puffedIbid. up with pride, madeIbid. great and cruel devastations upon the Welsh: But about three years after coming to King Hardi-Canutus forIbid. reconciliation, he was murtheredIbid. by Siward, who succeededIbid. him in the Earldom.

¶Of this Siward, Siward. who was a Person famous in his time (as shall be farther shewed anon) and of a GiantlikeH. Hunt. f. 209 b. n. 40. stature, An. 1051. (Vel Circa.) I may not omit what is Recorded of him as to his Parentage,Jorval. col. 945. n. 40, &c. by the Monk of Iervaulx.

There was in Denmark (saith he) a Noble Earl of the Blood Royal, that had one only Daughter; who, to recreate her self, walking with her Maids into a Wood, not far from her Fathers house, met with a Bear: Which Bear having put the Maids into so great a fright, as caused them to flee, seised upon the Damsel, and there ravished her; by which Rape she brought forth a Son that had Ears like a Bear, who was thereupon called Berne, and succeeded in that Earldom in his Mothers right.

This stout Earl Berne had Issue a Son named Siward; who, after a time quitting his Paternal Inheritance in Denmark, took shipping, and with fifty of his Retinue arrived in the Islands called Orchades; where, meeting with a fierce Dragon, he conquered him in single combate, and forced him to flee the Land. Having so done, he put to Sea again, and landed in Northumberland to seek another Dragon; where walking in a Wood, he met with a reverend old Man, who told him, that he sought that Dragon, which he could not find: But said he, get you to your Ship again, and sail Southwards to the Mouth of the River Thames, which will bring you to the wealthy City of London. And so, parting with him, gave him a Standard called Ravelandeys, which signifieth, The Raven of Earthly Terror. Who thereupon, coming safely to London, was nobly received by King Edward (the Confessor) with promise of no small honor, if he would stay with him.

Whereunto Siward consenting, after thanks given to the King, departed the Court; but meeting with Tosti, Earl of Huntingdon, upon a certain Bridge, was by him most unworthily affronted, by soyling with dirt; yet Siward, though he took that usage very disdainfully, did not then lift up his hand against him; but upon his return (meeting him in the same place) he cut off Tosti's head, and carried it to the King; who hearing the truth of that passage, gave unto Siward the Earldom of Huntingdon, which Tosti had possessed.

Not long after this, the Kingdom being much infested by the Danes, the great Men of the Land consulting with the King, did advise, That the little Devil should be first exposed to the great Devil, (id est) that this Earl Siward should be placed upon that part of England, which was most like to be invaded by the Danes: Whereupon, the King committed to his charge the Counties of Westmerland, Cumberland, and Northumberland; under which title of Northumberland, he had the AdministrationS. Dunelm. col. 34. n. 10. An. 1042. of that Earldom from Humber to Twede. All which he governed inJorval. col. 946. Peace, victoriously subduing the Kings-Enemies; and afterwards sentJorval. col. 946. his Son, called Osberne-Bulax, into Scotland, there to get what he could by Conquest: Who being there slainJorval. col. 946. in Battle, and the news thereof brought to this Earl Siward (his Father) he enquiredJorval. col. 946. upon what part of his Body he hapned to have his Deaths wound; and being told, that it was upon the forepart thereof; he said,Jorval. col. 946. I am glad that my Son was worthy of such an honorable Funeral.

Upon the Rebellion of Godwyne, Earl of Kent, he together with Leofric, Earl of Mercia, came S. Dunel • . col. 184. n. 50. with a great power to the King (Edward the Confessor) then at Gloucester.

It hapned likewise, that Egelric, Bishop of Durham, after he had sate three years Bishop there, being expelledIbid. col. 34. n. 20. by the Clergy, because he was a stranger, and not elected by their consent, addressingIbid. col. 34. n. 20. himself to this Earl Siward, and offering a large gift for his Protection and Favor, obtained the same: Whereupon he compelled Ibid. col. 34. n. 20. them to receive him again.

But considering the loss of his Son (as hath been said) he marchedJorval. col. 946. with an Army into Scotland, An. 1054. conqueredW. Malmesb. fol. 44 b. n. 30 H. Hunt. fol 209 b. n. 50. King Macbeth in open Battle, wasted the Kingdom; and subjugating W. Malmesb. fol. 44 b. n. 30 H. Hunt. fol 209 b. n. 50. it to his own power, constitutedW. Malmesb. fol. 44 b. n. 30 H. Hunt. fol 209 b. n. 50. Malcolme, Son to the King of Cumberland in his stead.

And lastly, Apparently discerning his Death approaching, by reason of a Flux, he said Jorval. at supra., How am I ashamed, that I did not die in so many Battles, but that I am reserved thus to exspire as a Beast? Put on me therefore my Armor of Proof; gird me with my Sword, and reach me my Helmet: Let me have also my Target in my Left-hand, and my Gilt Ax in my Right, that so, as the most valiant of Soldiers, I may die as a Soldier: For in such sort it becomes a Soldier to die, and not as a Beast lying down to depart. All which being done, he breathed Ingulphus 510 b. n. 40. H. Hunt. fol. 210 2. n. 10. R. Hoved. 254 • . n. 40 S. Mariae extra 〈…〉 . his last at York, in the year 1055. (Anno 13 Regis Edw. Conf.) and was there buried Ingulphus 510 b. n. 40. H. Hunt. fol. 210 2. n. 10. R. Hoved. 254 • . n. 40 S. Mariae extra 〈…〉 . in the Cloyster of the Monastery of Galmanho, which he had Ingulphus 510 b. n. 40. H. Hunt. fol. 210 2. n. 10. R. Hoved. 254 • . n. 40 S. Mariae extra 〈…〉 . Founded.

This valiant Earl had to WifeR. Hoved. f. 243 b. n. 40. & fol. 260 b. n. 10. Alfleda, Daughter to Aldred, late Earl of Northumberland; by whom he left Issue Waltheof H. Hunt. f. 210 2. n. 10., afterwards Earl of Northumberland, as I shall shew anon. And surviving her, married Ex Regist •• de Peterborough. Pen • s Dec. & Cap. ejusdem Eccles. a Widow, called Godgive, who for the health of her Soul (by the consent of King Edward the Confessor) had given Ex Regist •• de Peterborough. Pen •• s Dec. & Cap. ejusdem Eccles. to the Abbey of Peterborough two fair Lordships, viz. Righale and Beo • mesthorpe. Which Lordship of Righale, after her death, he obtained, by Agreement Ex Regist •• de Peterborough. Pen • s Dec. & Cap. ejusdem Eccles. with the Monks, to hold during his life, and then to return to the Abbey.

Of his Lands I find no other mention in the Conquerors SurveyDomesday • ib. then these, viz. Wilebi, Lochushum, Aclum, and Englebi, with the several Hamlets then belonging to each of them, Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmerland, being at that time not Surveyed, by reason they had been so wasted by Wars.

¶Upon the death of Siward, An. 1056. Tosti, Tosti. H. Hunt. fol. 210 a. n. 10. Ingulph. f. 510 b. n. 40. S. Dunelm. col. 287. n. 60. Fourth Son to Godwyne, Earl of Kent, was madeH. Hunt. fol. 210 a. n. 10. Ingulph. f. 510 b. n. 40. S. Dunelm. col. 287. n. 60. Earl of Northumberland by King Edward the Confessor, An. 1056. (being the Thirteenth year of his Reign) byH. Hunt. fol. 210 a. n. 10. Ingulph. f. 510 b. n. 40. S. Dunelm. col. 287. n. 60. reason that Waltheof, Son of Earl Siward, being then but a Child, was not able to govern.

This Tosti was a Person of a very stout spirit, as will appear by what I shall farther say of him.

Upon the death of Kinsi, Archbishop of York, Aldred Bishop of Worcester, being elected in his stead, was accompaniedJorval. col. 952. n. 20. H. Knighton, col. 2336. n. 30 & 40. to • ome by this Earl Tosti, upon his going to receive the Pall at the hands of Pope Nicholas the Second: But if so hapned, that when they came thither, such exceptionsJorval. col. 952. n. 20. H. Knighton, col. 2336. n. 30 & 40. were taken against him, for some expressions, that he was not only refused with dishonor; but in his return, robbed of all that he had. At which Tosti being not a little moved, boldly toldJorval. col. 952. n. 20. H. Knighton, col. 2336. n. 30 & 40. his Holiness, that his Excommunications, which were laught at by Petty-Theeves and Robbers, who were near him, were not much to be feared in those Countreys that lay far off; and therefore required, That what the Archbishop had thus been robbed of, should be restored again, otherwise the loss thereof would be imputed to his fraudulency. AddingJorval. col. 952. n. 20. H. Knighton, col. 2336. n. 30 & 40., That when the King of England should hear thereof, he would make a stop of the Tribute which was to be paid unto S. Peter; alleagingJorval. col. 952. n. 20. H. Knighton, col. 2336. n. 30 & 40. moreover, That it would be accounted an impious thing, that Aldred should return back into his Countrey thus robbed and dishonored. Upon which Speech, the Pope was prevailed with to give Aldred the Pall.

About three years after this,An. 1064. he accompanied H. Hunt fol. 210 a. n. 30 & 40. his Brother Harold in that Military Expedition into Wales, wherein Prince Griffin was subdued H. Hunt fol. 210 a. n. 30 & 40. and slain.

But the next ensuing year, upon that unhappy scuffle,An. 1065. which fell out betwixt him and his Brother, in the presence of the King at Windsore, (whereof I have spoke in the life of Harold, he grew so implacably enraged, that he forthwith hastedJorval. col. 948. n. 20. H. Knighton, 2337. n. to Hereford, where his Brother made a great entertainment for his Officers; and there finding them met together, most barbarously cut Jorval. col. 948. n. 20. H. Knighton, 2337. n. off their Heads and Limbs, and putJorval. col. 948. n. 20. H. Knighton, 2337. n. them into those Vessels of Wine, Methe, and other Liquors which were provided for that Feast. And having so done, sentJorval. col. 948. n. 20. H. Knighton, 2337. n. to tell the King, that he should find the Meat well powdered at the Feast whereunto he was going. For which execrable act, the King commanded thatIbid. he should be fo • hwith banished; and so he was, being also expell • d Ibid. Northumberland by the general voice of the whole County, who were not a little enraged against him for the same: For further aggravation whereof, what I shall here add, did not a little contribute.

It hapned 〈…〉 , that this very year (the Fifth Nones of October) some Military Officers of Northumberland, with Two hundred Soldiers, came to York, and by reason of that horrid murther of divers Gentlemen of their County, Servants to Cospatric, whom Queen Edgythe, for the sake of this her Brother Tosti, caused to be killed in the Kings Court by treachery, upon the fourth night in Christmass; and for the sake of others, whom, the preceding year, this Earl Tosti had allured into her Chamber and murthered; as also for 〈…〉 the great Tribute, which he (the said Tosti) had extorted from the whole County of Northumberland. These Officers, with the Two hundred Soldiers abovementioned, fell 〈…〉 upon the Servants and Retainers of Earl Tosti at York, and there slewIbid. Et W. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. n. 10. no less then Two hundred of them; broke open his Treasury, and tookIbid. Et W. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. n. 10. all that was to be found there. Whereupon the whole County taking an Alarm, wentIbid. Et W. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. n. 10. to Harold (then Earl of the West Saxons) into Northumberland, and to those Honorable Persons whom the King had sent to keep Peace in that Country: But, though there, and afterwards at Oxford, on Simon and Iudes day, all endeavors that could be, were used for pacification with this Earl Tosti, they unanimously opposed itIbid. Et W. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. n. 10., expellingIbid. Et W. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. n. 10. him the Countrey for these his transcendent Villanies; who thereupon, with his Wife fledIbid. col. 193. H. Hu ••• fol. 210 b. to Baldwyn, Earl of 〈◊〉 ; and Wintering at S. Omers, continuedW. Malmesb. f. 46 b. n. 20. in those parts until King Edwards death.

But not long after he got to the Isle of W • ght, and thereR. Hoved. fol. 256 b. n. 40. exacted very much from the Inhabitants; then cameR. Hoved. fol. 256 b. n. 40. to Sanowich, and did the like at that Port: And hearing that his Brother Harold (then King) had prepared Forces, both by Sea and Land, to go against him, he sailed to the CoastR. Hoved. fol. 256 b. n. 40. of Lindsey in Lincolnshire, and there burningR. Hoved. fol. 256 b. n. 40. divers Towns, made great slaughter of the people.

Whereupon Edwyne, Earl of Mercia (and Morkar his Brother) marchedIbid. n 50. H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. R Hoved. fol. 257 a. thither with an Army, which caused him to quit those Parts, and go into Scotland Ibid. n. 50. H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. R Hoved. fol. 257 a., where he continued Ibid. n. 50. H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. R Hoved. fol. 257 a. with King Maleolme that whole Summer: And afterwards, when he heardIbid. n. 50. H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. R Hoved. fol. 257 a. that Harold Harfager, King of Norway, was come to the Mouth of Tine, with more then Three hundred Sail of Ships; he hastedIbid. n. 50. H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. R Hoved. fol. 257 a. towards him with his Navy, and entred Humber with him, and there sailing upwards into Duse, LandedIbid. n. 50. H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. R Hoved. fol. 257 a. their Forces at Richale. Whereof King Harold having intelligence, he forthwith marchedS. Duncl • . col. 1 • 4. n. 20. towards the North; but before he got into Yorkshire, Edwyne and Morkar (before mentioned) with a considerable Army, gave them BattleS. Duncl • . col. 1 • 4. n. 20. at a place called Fulford, on the North side of the River Duse, near York, upon the Even of S. Matthias the Apostle, whereR. Hoved. fol. 2 • 7 a. n. 10. many of the Norwegians, at the beginning of the fight, lost their lives; but being not able to withstand the power of so great an Army, as the King of Norway and this Earl Tosti then had, they were forced to fleeR. Hoved. fol. 2 • 7 a. n. 10. with no little loss.

Howbeit, within five days after King Harold himself came with a powerful Army to York, and meeting with the Enemy at Stanford Bridge, after a sharpe and bloody conflict, obtained the victory: In which fight, the King of Norway, and this Earl Tosti lostIbid. their lives.

Having thus traced this haughty and turbulent spirited Earl, through sundry turmoils, and mischeivous practises to his death; all that I shall more say of him, is, That he is saidMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. f. 334. n. 60. to be the first Founder of the Monastery of Tinmouth, and that having S. Cuthbert in great veneration, he was very munificentS. Dunelm. col. 35. n 60. to the Church of Durham; as also, That he took to WifeR. Hoved. fol 253. a. n. 40. Iudith, the Daughter of Baldwyn Earl of Flanders; but had no issue, whereof I have seen mention.

Of such Lands as this Tosti possessed in King Edward the Confessors days, these are taken notice of in the Conquerors Survey,Dom • sd. lib. viz.

Preston in Agmundernesse, with divers Hamlets then thereto belonging; Haltune with many Hamlets also belonging unto it: Witune and Hougun, with divers Villages to them belonging (all which I take to be now in Lancashire; Walegrit, Hamiburg, Estrop, Broestwic, Gretone, and Biedun, with divers Hamlets respectively to them appertaining in Yorkshire; Cosseham and Bradelie in Wiltshire; Winesford in Somersetshire; Perie in Northamptonshire; Bodmescel in Nottinghamshire; Fiseburne in Sussex; Hannei in Berkshire; Begesford in Hartfordshire; Nedreham, Brickel, and Falelie in Buckinghamshire; Driffelle and Bri • tevoldes in Gloucestershire, Cotes in Huntingdonshire; Holest, Rincurde, Nonoelle, Weringetone, and Erne • ude in Hantshire; Borecome, Antune, Affetune, and Frescewatre, in the Isle of Wight; and Stoches, in Oxfordshire.

¶Upon the expulsion of Earl Tosti, An. 1065. (as hath been observed) Morkar, Morkar. the younger Son to Algar, Earl of Chester, was by King Edward the Confessor, constitutedS. Dunelm. col. 193. n. 10. & col. 204. n. 40. Earl of this Province.

That he, with his Brother Edwyne, Math Westm. routed R. Hoved. fol. 256 b. n. 40. Tosti, and Harold Harfagar, King of Norway, the preceding year, upon the Shore of Humber, called Lindsey Coast, where he had landed, and made his Piratical Invasion; and afterwards, that he, with his Brother Edwyne, gave Battle to the King of Norway and Tosti, upon the Northern side of the River Ouse, near York, where at the first on-set they had the better of the day, hath been already intimated in my Historical Discourse of that Earl: I shall therefore now proceed with what I find farther observable concerning him, which in brief is this; That withdrawingIbid. f. 257 b. n. 40. himself from that memorable Battle near Hastings in Sussex, wherein King Harold was slain by William Duke of Normandy: He, with his Brother, Earl Edwyne, cameW Malm. f. 57 b n 40. to London, and sollicited the Londoners to make one of them King; which not succeeding, they carriedR. Hoved. f. 257 b. n. 40. away their Sister Algitha the Queen, and sent her to the City of Chester; and thence betook himself (with his said Brother) toW. Malm. 〈◊〉 fol. 58 a. York, where Malcolme, King of Scots, with divers English and Danes were got together, as their only place of refuge; which so enraged the Conqueror, thatW. Malm. 〈◊〉 fol. 58 a. with fire and sword he did soon after almost destroy that whole City.An. 1067. And the year next ensuing, carriedR. Hoved. 〈…〉 him over into Normandy, together with his Brother Edwyne, and many other great Men.

That King William restoredIbid. fol. 243 b. unto him this Earldom, notwithstanding he had cause enough to doubt his fidelity, is sure enough: Howbeit, Morkar being otherwise hindred with great affairs, committedIbid. n. 10. the Administration and that part thereof, which lieth North of Tine, unto Osulph, Son to Eadulfe, one of the Earls beforementioned.

But his heart standing not right to the Norman Conqueror,An. 1071. he with his Brother Edwyne privately withdrewH. Hunt. f. 211 b. n. 20 J • rval. col. 969. n. 30. themselves from Court, under colour of advertisement, That the King had a purpose to secure him, and brokeH. Hunt. f. 211 b. n. 20 J • rval. col. 969. n. 30. out in Rebellion. And when his Brother Edwyne was murthered by his own followers (as I shall shew, where I speak particularly of him) he, with divers other persons, disaffected to King William, betook Ibid. himself to the Isle of Ely; where, after a long Siege, he was at length taken, and committed Ibid. to prison; yet when King William lay upon his Death-bed, was againR. Hoved. fol. 264 a. n. 20. enlarged by his Commandment. But no sooner had King William Rufus got the Crown, than he was again imprisonedIbid. n. 30., and at length murtheredIngulphus, f. 512 a. • . 40. by some of his own Retinue.

Of any Wife or Issue that this Earl Morkar had, I have seen no Memorial; but in King Edward the Confessors time, he was possest Domesd. lib. of these Lands, viz. E • sicewall, Pickering, Wicstun, Wartre, Drifelt, Basewic, Poclinton, Bretlinton, Burtone, Welleton, with the Hamlets thereto belonging; Trectone, Walise, Olleie, Brantone, Ovreton, Scheltune, Foleford, Chilnesse, Wifornes, Wapletone, Hornesse, and Esintone, with divers Hamlets to them respectively belonging, in the County of York. Nessham, Tuange, Cuneet, Wrdi • e, Iteshale, Caiham, and Sudtone in Com. Salop: Castretone in Com. Rotel. Westone in Northamptonshire; Actune and H • iloch in Cheshire, Lene in Herefordshire; Rolvestune in Staffordshire; Broctone and Saltebi in Leicestershire; and Cherchebi, Chime, Bodebi, Wellingoure, Basingheham, Castre, Shillingtune, Colstewrde, Cotes, Barewe, Stroustune, Nort-Stoches, Carletune, Bredestorp, Wes-Bitham, Bortone, Brune, and Stapleford in Lincolnshire.

Earls of Lincoln.

IN An. 716.An. 716. Egga was Earl of this County, being then a WitnessIngulphus, f. 485. n. 40. to the Charter of King Ethelbald, granted to the Monks of Crouland.

Earls of Chester.

IN An. 716.An. 716. Leuric or Leofric was Earl of Chester, and witnessI • gulph. fol. 485 a. n. 40. to the Charter of King Ethelbald, unto the Monks of Crouland (of which Monastery that King was Founder,) he is there calledI • gulph. fol. 485 a. n. 40. Comes Leicestriae; but the reason is, because the City of Chester was altiently termed Vrbs Legionum; and for tha • respect therefore in that mention made of Leofric Earl of Mercia, in King Edward the Confessors time, by R. Hoveden Ibid. f. 155 • ., where he takes notice of his great munificence to several Religious Houses; and in particular to that of S. Werburge the Virgin, he saith in Legacestrâ sita, which is very well known to be intended of Chester, where the Abbey of S. Werburge was, and not in Leicester.

But of this Earl Leuric or Leofric, I can say no more, than that he hadEx Vet. MS. ad calcem Flor. Wigorn. MS. pen • s Jac. nuper Archiep. Arm • ch. issue, Algar the first; and heEx Vet. MS. ad calcem Flor. Wigorn. MS. pen • s Jac. nuper Archiep. Arm • ch. Algar the second, and heEx Vet. MS. ad calcem Flor. Wigorn. MS. pen • s Jac. nuper Archiep. Arm • ch. Leofric the second, and heEx Vet. MS. ad calcem Flor. Wigorn. MS. pen • s Jac. nuper Archiep. Arm • ch. Leofwine, Earl of Mercia; of whom, and his Descendants, I have spoken under the title of Mercia.

Earls of Wiltshire.

ABout the year of Christ 800.An. 800. Wicstan or Werstan was EarlH. Hunt. fol. 197 b. n. 10. Ethelw. f. 478 a. n. 10. of this Province, and slainH. Hunt. fol. 197 b. n. 10. Ethelw. f. 478 a. n. 10. in Battle at Kinemeresford, fighting against Earl Edelmund; it being the first year of King Egberts Reign.

¶After him, scil. in An. 886. Aethelhelme was EarlEthelw. f. 481 b. R. Hoved. f. 241. n. 50. who at that time carriedEthelw. f. 481 b. R. Hoved. f. 241. n. 50. a large sum of Money to Rome, which was collected Ethelw. f. 481 b. R. Hoved. f. 241. n. 50. from the people out of the several Diocess of England; but in the first year of King Athelwlfs Reign, being sentH. Hunt. f. 199 b. n. 10 & 19. by that King with his Army, to encounter the Danes at Port (in Hantshire) he was slainH. Hunt. f. 199 b. n. 10 & 19. in that Battle.

Earles of Mercia.

OF this Part of England antiently called Mercia, and containing Jorval. col. 801. n. 10. the Counties of Gloucester, Hereford, Worcester, Salop, Chester, Stafford, Derby, Nottingham, Leicester, Lincoln, Northampton, Warwick, Oxford, Buckingham, Huntingdon, and half of Bedfordshire. These following Persons were heretofore Earls, viz.

Hugh sirnamed the Great,An. 800. who being PatronMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. col. 154. n. 60. of the Priory of •• wksbury in Gloucershire, buriedMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. col. 154. n. 60. Brictric, King of the West Saxons (in the year of Christ 799.) in the Chappel of S. Faith, the Virgin there, who also departingMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. col. 154. n. 60. this life, in the year 812. liethMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. col. 154. n. 60. buried also in that Monastery.

¶Not long after him wasIngulph fol 487 a. Witlafe, Duke or Earl of Mercia, scil. An. 833.An. 833. but soon after advancedIngulph fol 487 a. to the title of King.

¶The next was Ethelred, An. 886. unto whom the City of London, R. Hoved. fol. 241 a. n. 30. upon the Restauration thereof, after it had been destroyed by the Danes, was by King Alfred (as theW. Malm. fol. 24 a. n. 10. cheif City of the Mercians) granted, with Ethelfleda his Daughter (Wife to this Earl Ethelred) in the year 886.

This Ethelred rebuilt the City of Chester in the year 906,R. Hoved. fol. 242. S. Dunc • m. f. 152. n. 60. and died in the year 912. After whose death, Ethelfleda, his Widow, governed M. Westm. in An. 912. this Province of Mercia (excepting the Cities of London and Oxford, which King Edward the Elder, her Brother, retained in his own hands) for many years with much Prudence. She was a Lady of singular endowments,Ingulphus, fol. 495 b. n. 30 & 40. exceeding the antient Amazons; for, having brought forth her first-born with much difficulty, she devoted her mind to a chaste life, and exercises her self in the structure of Towns and Castles; as also in conducting of Armies, as if she had changed her Sex. The places which she built are said to be these,H. Hunt. fol • 202 b. n. 40 & 50. viz. Brunesburgh, Scor • ale; Bruge (now Bruggenorth) in Shropshire; Tamworth, Stafford, Warwic; Cerceburgh (now Monkskirby in the County of Warwick) Wardebirh; and Runcoven (now Runcorne in Cheshire, and Edesbirh (now called The Chamber in the Forest in that County.)Ibid. f. 203 • ▪ She likewise besieged Derby, and took it by assault; and also Leicester.

This excellent Woman, with her Husband, Founded a Monastery in the City of Gloucester; Monast. Angl. fol. 108 b. n. 20. and translated the Relicks of S. O • wald from the Abbey of Bardney in Lincolnshire thitherAn. 915. (which Monastery so Founded by them, was afterwards destroyed by the Danes▪ ) And departing this life upon the 19 Kalends of Iuly, R. Hoved. fol 242 a. n. 30. in the year of Christ 915. was buried at Gloucester, in the Church of S. Peter.

There was no other issue of this Earl Ethelred but one only Daughter, called Elwina, Ibid. which he had by this famous Lady Ethelfleda his Wife; from whom, after the death of her Mother, King Edward took all the Government of this Province, sending her into West Saxony.

¶Unto Ethelred, R. Hoved. fol. 245 a. n. 50. and that famous Lady Ethelfleda last mentioned, succeeded Elfere, a near Ally to King Edgar.

This Elfere outed those Monks which King Edgar had placed in divers Monasteries,An. 976. and introduced Secular Priests,Ibid. f. 245 a. who had Wives, in their stead. In the year 979.H. Hunt. fol. 204 b. n. 40. he came to Werham, where the Body of S. Edward, the Martyr, lay buried; and causing it to be washed, and adorned with new Vestments, carried it to Shaftsbury, and most honorably Intomb'd it in that Abbey. And in the year 983.An. 983. departed this life.R. Hoved. fol. 245 a. n. 50.

¶To him succeeded in the Government of this Earldom, Alfric his Son; who in the year 986.An. 986. was banished the Land by King Ethelred; but ere long,H. Hunt. fol. 204 b. n. 50. R. Hoved. fol. 245 b. n. 10. Ingulph. fol. 506 b. n. 20. again restored: For in the year 991. by the counsel of him and Athelward (another Earl) it was, That a firm Peace was made with the Danes, and an yearly Tribute yielded to them as a Composition, that thenceforth they should forbear their usual Inroads and Rapines. Howbeit, bearing in mind his former banishment, he suffered himself to be takenH. Hunt. fol. 205 a. n. 10. in a fight at Sea by the Danes, through his own treachery; and from that time, was never faithful in his heart to the King:Ibid. f. 206 b. R. Hoved. fol. 2 • 6 b. n. 10. W. Malm. fol. 35 a. & ibid. n. 10. For in the year 1003. upon another invasion of the Danes, coming up to Exeter, after he had raised the power of Hantshire and Wiltshire, to encounter them in Battle, feignning himself to be sick, he betrayed his own Army, whereby the Danes made no little spoil in those parts.

But after this he had the reward of his treachery,H. Hunt fol. 208 a. n. 30. being slain in Battle at Essesdune in Essex, fighting on the part of King Edmund Ironside, against King Canute, through the treachery of that per • idious Eadric Streona R. Hoved. 〈…〉 (of whom I shall speak anon) who betrayed the English Army at that time to the Danes, as this Alfric had done before near Exeter. W. Malmsb. fol. 35 a. n. 10. H. Hunt. fol. 205 a. n. 30. Nor did he leave any Issue but one Son called Algar, whose eyes were put out for his Fathers treachery.

To this treacherous Alfric,An. 1007. succeeded Edric sirnamed R. Hoved. fol. • 7 a Streone (Uncle Jorval. fol. 887 a. n. 10. to Godwyne, and of mean Jorval. fol. 887 a. n. 10. Parentage) a person Ingulph. fol. 507 a. n. 30. of the greatest power of any next to the King, and of most intimacy with King Eth • lred; as also with Swane, King of Denmark, and with Canute his Son; being advanced H. Hunt. fol. 206 b. n. 30. R. Hoved. fol. 247 a. to this Earldom in the life time of the said Alfric, by King Ethelred, in the year 1007. the Twenty nineth of King Ethelreds Reign. He was a Man so transcendently wicked, that one of our ancientest Historians, and of greatest credit gives him this ensuing Character, viz. Faex hominum, &c. That he was the very dregs of Men; the dishonor of the English; a wicked destroyer, a subtle Knave, whose Noblen • ss had not obtained him wealth, but his bold language: He always lay in wait to deceive, and was ready prepared to cheat: He attended the K •• gs Councils as a faithful Person, but disclosed them like a Traytor. Being often sent to the Kings Enemies as a Mediator for Peace, he kindled the Flame of War, whose perfidiousness appeared upon all occasions in this, and the succeeding Kings days. Thus far his Character; now to his practises.

In the year 1009.H. Hunt. fol. 207 a. R. Hoved. f. 2 • 7 a. n. 30. 〈◊〉 . f. 238 b. • 30. he, with false reports, disswaded the King from giving Battle to the Danes.

In An. 1015. he deceitfully alluring Siferd and M • rchere (two eminent Noblemen) into his Chamber, caused them to be secretly murthered.

The next year following,An. 1016. he most perfidiously went over to Canute, 〈…〉 King of Denmark, with Forty Ships, and joyned with him: And passing the River of Thames with him at Crekelade in Gloucestershire, R. Hoved. f 248 b. n. 50. entred the Province of Mercia with an Army, and destroyed divers Towns in Warwickshire. S. Dun • lm. col. 173. n. 40. Whereupon King Edmund raised all the power he could, and met them at a place called Scearstan; but this perfidious Eadric, with others of his party, who ought to have assisted the King, joyning with the Enemy, brought over the Hantshire and Wiltshire Men to that side:Ibid. col. 174. Notwithstanding all which, the Kings Army fought so stoutly, that they stood their ground; and the ensuing day had utterly routed the Danes, had it not been for a subtile stratagem of this wicked man; who seeing the peril wherein they were, caused the head of a man called Osmear, which in the face, and colour of his hair, was somewhat like to the King, and lifted it up on high, crying to the English, You fight in vain; adding, You Dorset, 〈◊〉 , and Wiltshire-men, your Head is gone, therefore hasten away quickly; behold the Head of your King, which I ha • e in my bands; therefore betake your selves to flight as soon as you can. Which cunning and deceitful practise so wrought upon many, that they immediately fled: But the contrary being soon discerned, the rest fought on so •• outly, that they had the better of the day: So that 〈◊〉 , with his broken Army, retreated in the night towards London: Which good success, gave such a great reputation to the King, that he increased his Army exceedingly, and marched back into West Sa • ony; insomuch, as 〈◊〉 growing apprehensive of his danger, betook himself to his usual art of dissimulation and treachery again; and made means to the King, that he might be received into his protection; 〈◊〉 with all assurance▪ That he would thenceforth approve himself faithful to him. And accordingly, That he might have the better credit, did for a while give him such assistance, that he raised the Siege which the Danes had made against the City of London; and worsted them so in sundry places, that they were constrained to retreat to their Ships; and had not this treacherous Eadric hindered the pursuit at Eangelsford, where they were routed, the Victory there had been absolute. Howbeit, that opportunity thus lost,Ibid. col. 175. and the Danes getting all their strength together; the King, with his whole power encountring them at Assandune in Essex, might then have put a period to the dispute, but that this perfidious Earl, discerning that at the first onset he was like to have the better of the day, most trayterously fled with all that part of the English Army, whereof he had the conduct; so that the remainder being exposed to the fury and cruelty of the Danes, was utterly routed, many of the English Nobility thereby losing their lives, having never had the like loss in any Battle.

Nor was this wicked Eadric yet satisfied,H. Hunt. fol. 208 b. but to compleat his execrable design of destroying the King himself, conspired his murther, which he caused his Son to effect by a Knife stricken up into his Fundament, when he went to ease nature. And having thus done, he presently went to the Queen,H. Knighton, col. 2317. n. 10. who being ignorant of the matter, took her two Sons Edward and Edmund, Jorval. col. 907. and delivered them to Canute.

What expectations this ambitious Man then had of farther advancement and reward from Canute, for all his most horrid and nefarious exploits, is not hard to imagine; but these being neither such, so soon as looked for, moved him to expostulate thereupon with Canute, Ibid. col. 908. and at length to upbraid him with those his services; which so exasperated Canute, that he said, Forasmuch as thou hast with thy own mouth acknowledged thy self guilty of murthering thy rightful King, and Natural Lord, thou hast judged thy self; and thereupon, causing him to be bound hand and foot, commanded that he should be thrown into the Thames, Ingulphus, f. 507 a. n. 40. and drowned; which was accordingly done, fearing otherwise, that himself might be destroyed some time or other by his wicked treacheries. Others report that Canute said thus,Jorval. ut supra. Because thou hast, by this fact, thought to please me, I will advance thee higher than all the Noblemen of England; and that thereupon he commanding his Head to be cut off, set it upon a Pole on the highest Gate in London, and his Body to be cast without the Walls of the City.

This perfidious Eadric had to Wife Edgythe, Daughter of King Ethelred, Son of King Edgar; and by her that only Son, who was the Murtherer of King Edmund Ironside, H. Hunt. fol. 207 a. Ibid. f. 208 b.as hath been already observed.

¶To him succeeded in this Earldom of Mercia, H. Knighton, f. 2334. f. 40. Leofwine, descendedMonast. Anglic. fol. 304 b. n. 30. Ingulphus, fol. 507 a. n. 30. from Leofric, Earl of Leicester (or rather Chester) in the time of King Ethelbald; of which Leofwyne, I find no other mention, than that he was Earl of this Province of Mercia; and that he left Issue these three Sons, viz. Leofric, who was afterwards also 〈◊〉 of Mercia; Norman, a powerful Friend and special Agent, for the Monks of Crouland, being the greatest of all the Military Officers belonging to Earl Eadric beforementioned; as also hisIb. f. 5 •• a. n. 40. &. f. 507 b. n. 10. R. Hoved. fol. 250 b. n. 20. Sheriffs, and murthered Ingulph. fol. 508 a. n. 20. fol. Ibid. 50 • a. n. • . with him in the year 1018. though faultless. And Edwyne, a witnessd to the Charter of King Canute, made to the Monks of Crouland in An. 1032.

This Leofric was Earl of Chester R. Hoved. fol. 255 a. in the time of King Ethelred, and madeI • id. fol. 250 b. n. 20. Earl of Mercia (by the title of Dux) by King Canute, An. 1018. for his Brother Normans sake, who was undeservedly killed (as hath been said) being afterwards very much beloved by that King.

He is by some of our Historians calledW. Malmsb. fol. 44 b. n. 40. Earl of Hereford, but that was (I presume) by reason of his residence at Hereford sometimes, (it having been usual in former times to call those persons Earls of such places, whereat they did reside, as is evident in those of Striguil, Arundel, Tutbury, and others, though they were Earls of certain Counties, in or near whereunto those Castles where they lived then, stood.)

Upon the death of King Canute, there being no little controversie amongst the great Men of the Land, touching the Succession to the Crown, this Noble Leofric, H. Knighton, fol. 2325. n. 50. with other principal persons on the North of Thames, advanced Harold-Harfot, Son to Canute, unto the Throne. And in the year 1041.An. 1041. there being an Insurrection at Worcester, S. Dunelm. col. 181 a. n. 20. in respect of a General Tax imposed by King Hardi-Canute; he, together with Godwyne, the West Saxon Earl, and Siward Earl of Northumberland, was sent to appease the same.

And upon the death of Hardi-Canute, H. Knighton, col. 2329. n. 10. was one of the cheif that raised King Edward the Confessor (at that time in Normandy) to the Crown. Moreover,An. 1051. in the year 1051. upon the Rebellion of the same Earl Godwyne; S. Dunelm. col. 184. n. 50. he, with Earl Siward came with great Forces to the King, then at Gloucester.

This Earl Leofric was a person of singular Piety:Chron. MS. Joh. Rous in Bibl Cotton. p. 121.About the beginning of King Edwards Reign, he Founded a great Monastery at Coventry, and then endowing it with no less than Twenty four fair Lordships; so far inriched it with several Ornaments,R. Hoved. f. 254 b. n. 50. as that there was not to be found in any Religious House of England so much Gold, Silver, Jewels, and precious Stones, as in it.

Nay, • ol. 265 a. William of Malmsbury affirmeth, That it was inriched and beautified with so much Gold and Silver, that the Walls seemed too narrow to contain it; insomuch, as Robert de Limesie, Bishop of Coventry (for so he was then called, though afterward Leichfield was added to the Title) in the time of King William Rufus, scraped from one Beam which supported the Shrines, Five hundred Marks of Silver. Nor was this all; for it appears,H. Knighton, col 2318. n. 40. that Egelnoth, Archbishop of Canterbury, in his return from Rome, at Pavia there purchased the Arm of the famous S. Augustine, sometime Bishop of Hippo, for which he gave no less than an Hundred Talents of Silver, and one Talent of Gold; and for the love which he bore to this Earl Leofric, sent it to this Religious House;W. Malmesb. fol. 165 a. n. 20. which precious Relick was placed in a Silver Shrine.

One thing more, very memorable, Ailredus Rievallensis Col. 389. Jorval. col. 949. n. 30.in his observations upon the life, and miracles of King Edward the Confessor, doth report; viz. That this devout Leofric, upon a time, attending that pious King near the Altar in the Abbey Church of S. Peter, at Westminster, which he had Founded; at the elevation of the Host, beheld the Real Body of Christ standing on the Floor, and with his right hand depicting the Sign of the Cross upon King Edward: And that stepping towards the King to let him know what he had seen: The King said, Stand still L • ofrick, stand still, I see that which thou see • t. Also, that after Mass was ended, he farther said, My L • ofric, I do conjure thee, that so long as we live, th •• dost not reveal this, left the credit thereof should suffer through the emulation of Vnbelievers; whereunto he obeyed. But to the end, that the truth of this Miracle might not be concealed from pos •• rity, wrote the particulars thereof in a Schedule, and delivered it to a Monk of Worcester, with command, That it should be put into a Shrine, and not opened until after the death of himself, and the King.

This good Earl Leofric took to Wife 〈…〉 Godiva (a most beautiful and devout Lady) Sister 〈…〉 to one Thorold, Sheriff of Lincolnshire, in those days, and Founder of Spa • ding Abbey; as also of the stock 〈…〉 and lineage of Thorold, Sheriff of that County, in the time of Kenulph, King of Mercia; which Countess Godeva bearing an extraordinary affection to the City of Coventry, often and carnestly besought her Husband, that for the love of God and the Blessed Virgin, he would free it from that gri • vous servitude whereunto it was subject: But he, r • buking her for importuning him in a matter so inconsistent with his profit, forbad her to move any more therein: Nevertheless she, out of her Womanish pertinacy, continued to sollicite him, insomuch, that he told her, if she would ride on Horsback naked, from the one end of the Town to the other, in the sight of all the people, her request should be granted; whereunto she returned, But will you give me leave so to do? And he replying, Yes. The noble Lady, upon an appointed day, got on Horsback naked with her Hair loose; so that it covered all her body but the Legs. And thus performing the journey, returned with joy to her Husband; who thereupon granted to the Inhabitants of that City a Charter of Freedom from Servitude, Evil Customs, and Exactions. (A servitute, & Malis Custumis, & 〈◊〉 , saith Iorvallensis.) Which Immunity I rather conceive to have been a kind of Manumission from some such servile Tenure, whereby they then held what they had under this great Earl, than meerly a Freedom from all manner of T • ll, except Horses,Col. • 334. n. 50. as H. Knighton affirms, and as the vulgar Tradition is; in memory whereof, the Picture of him and his Lady were set up in a South Window of Trinity Church in that City, about King Kichard the Seconds time, in his right hand holding a Charter, with these words written thereon.

I Luriche, for the love of thee, Do make Coventrey Toll free.

This excellent Lady God • va was cheifly instrumental in the Foundation of that Monastery at • oventrey, so performed by Earl Le • fric her Husband, 〈…〉 as hath been observed; for Ingulphus saith, that it was Instigante 〈…〉 , At the instance of his Wife: And her self so 〈◊〉 thereto, that she gave 〈…〉 her own whole Treasure, and sent for skilful Goldsmiths; who, with all the Gold and Silver she had, made Crosses, Images of Saints, and other curious 〈◊〉 which she devoutly disposed thereto.

Nor did her zeal to Gods Service terminate here:Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. • 263 a. For besides this, she Founded the Monastery of S • ow, near Lincoln, dedicating it to the Blessed Virgin, and endowed it with the Lordships of Newark, Flatburgh, and Martinewelle; giving possession of them by a fair Jewel, and rich Bracelets curiously wrought (as her Charter imports,) whereunto were witnesses King Edward the Confessor himself, Aldred Archbishop of York, Wlfwi Bishop of Dorchester, Earl Leofrick her Husband, with divers more great Earls and others.

The death of this Noble Leofric was at his Mannor of Bromseage in Com ... upon the second Kalends of September, • Hoved. fol. 254 b. n. 50. in the year 1057. (13 Edw. Conf.) and his Sepulture in that Monastery at Coventrey, of his own Foundation; unto which,W. Malmsb. fol. 44 b. n. 40. he bequeathed his Body to be buried, giving therewith a great quantity of Gold and Silver.

Of his Lands, I find no other mentioned in the Conquerors Survey, than these only, viz. A • tone, Nunetune, and Witeches • aw in Com. Salo • .

Nor of the Noble Lady Godeva his Wife, Domesd. in •• sdem Com. then these; Newerch, Normantone, Estoches, and certain Lands in Fladburg in Nottinghamshire; Brotune in Worcestershire; Brantestone, Penne, and Molesley in Staffordshire; Nortone, Bildestone, and Appleby in Leicestershire; A • lespede, Aderstone, Ard • eshille, Hansley, Chinesbery, Anesty, Fochewell, and Coventrey in Warwickshire.

To him succeeded in this Earldom his eldest Son Algar; of whom I may not omit what is memorable, whilst his Father Earl Leofric was alive.

In An. 1053.An. 1053. (10 Edw. Conf.)Ingulphus, fol. 〈…〉 42. Jorval. col. 945. Harold Son to Earl Godwyne coming to enjoy the Earldom of the West Saxons, upon his Fathers death, quitted his interest in the Earldom of the East Saxons to this Algar. Moreover, about two years after,An. 1055. this Algar, R Hoved. fol. 254 a. n. 40. H. Hunt. fol. 210 a. n. 10. was (upon deliberation had in a great Council held at London) banished by King Edward; for what particular cause is not said, but for Treason in general.

Whereupon he wafted over into Ireland, and soon after, returning with Eighteen Ships as a Pirate, incited Griffin, Prince of Wales, to take part with him. Whereunto Griffin consenting, they invaded Herefordshire with a Rebellious Army;R. Hoved. ut supra, & n. 50. Ibid. f. 254 b. slew and routed all those Forces which Ralph, Earl of Hereford, had raised to oppose them; and having so done, marched to Hereford, where by Fire and Sword, they did no little mischeif. Of which, the King having notice, he presently sent Hardd, Earl of the West Saxons, against them with a great power; but by mediation of such as interposed, all being quieted, Algar was admitted to the Kings presence,Ibid. n. 20. and had his Earldom (seised on for this his Rebellion) restored to him again.

After this, about two years Earl Leofric his Father departing the World,An. 1057. he succeededH. Hunt. fol. 210 a. n. 20. in this Earldom;An. 1058. howbeit, the next ensuing year being banishedS. Dun •• m. col. 189. n. 50. Ingulph. fol 511 a. again, he lost it; but by the helpS. Dun •• m. col. 189. n. 50. Ingulph. fol 511 a. of Griffin, Prince of Wales, and the Norway Fleet, which came to him unexpectedly, he reobtained it; and within a Twelve Moneth after,An. 1059. departing thisIbid. • . •• . life, was buriedIbid. • . •• . in the Monastery at Coventrey, near to the Grave of his Father; leaving Issue (but by whom I have not seen) two Sons, Edwyne, who succeeded him in this his Earldom; as also Morkar, Earl of Northumberland, (of whom I have spoke elswhere;) and two Daughters, Algitha R. Hoved. fol. 257 b. n. 40., Wife of Harold, Earl of the West Saxons, (and afterwards King of England) and Lucia (who was at length sole Heir to her two Brothers) first MarriedIngulph. fol. 513 a. to Ivo Talbois (a potent Norman) Earl of An • ou; secondly, toJoh. Tinemuth, MS. in Bibl. Bodl. cap. 7. Rogere de Romare (Son of Gerold;) and thirdly, toClaus. 25 H. 3. m. 1. Ord. Vit. p. 820 B. 822 A. 876 C. Ranulf, Earl of Chester, the first of that name.

Of the Lands which this Earl Algar did possess in King Edward the Confessors days, these are Recorded in the Conquerors Survey; viz. Clive, Wiclei, Boctone, and Ferendone, in Northamptonshire; Brotone in Nottinghamshire; Celdeford, Phincingefeld, Westrefeld, Phenstade, Badwen, Donmanna, and Glestingethorp in Essex, Merlaw in Buckinghamshire; Grantesdene in Huntingdonshire; Alrewas, Scandone, Certeley, Wlstanstone, Pinchetel, Rowcestre, Crachemers, Wotoche • hed, Bertone, Lee, Rugely, Medeveld, Mera, Chenet, Eleford, Chenevare, Patingham, Clistone, Drayton, Opewas, Herulvestone, Claverlege, Nordlege, Alvidelege, Wrfeld, Seglesley, and Penne in Staffordshire; Lidlintone, Mordune, Scelgy, Melleburne, Evresdone, and Badburgham in Cambridgeshire; Hemesby in Norfolk; Tite, Luctone, Gadenai, Fleote, Holobech, and Spalling in Lincolnshire.

To this last mentioned Earl Algar, R. Hoved. fol. 256 b. n. 40. succeeded Edwyne his eldest Son, in this Earldom (Edward the Confessor being dead, and Harold, the Son of Earl Godwyne having made himself King) of whom, that which is most memorable, I shall here relate: viz▪ That when Tosti Earl,An. 1066. of Northumberland, had Landed on Lindsey Coast (in Lincolnshire) with his Rebellious Forces;Ibid. he, with the help of Morkar, his Brother, did beat him out of that Countrey: And soon after this, most couragiously gave Battle near York, H. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. unto Harold Harfager, King of Norway (who then had invaded the Land) though without success.Ingulph. fol. 512 a. n. 1 • .

And, though it doth not directly appear, that he was in that notable Battle at Stanford-Brigg in Yorkshire with King Harold, which hapned within five days after, wherein that King of Norway was slain; yet it may be very well presumed that he was, in regard that afterwards withdrawingH. Knighton, col. 234 • . n. 10. himself from giving assistance to King Harold in that fatal Battle, which soon after ensued with William, Duke of Normandy, upon his invasion of this Realm; the reason of such his desertion is instanced, viz. (Not for any well-wishes he had to Duke William, but) for that King Harold had detained from him his share of the spoils got in that fight at Stanford-Brigg: For no sooner did he and his Brother Morkar hear, that the Norman Duke was Conqueror, and that King Harold was slain; but that both of them hastedJorval. col. 961. to London, and there sollicitedJorval. col. 961. the Citizens to make one of them King: Of which attempt, finding no fruit, they tookJorval. col. 961. their Sister Algytha the Queen (Wife to slain King Harold) and sentW. Ma ••• . fol. 58 • . her to Chester, themselves speeding toW. Ma ••• . fol. 58 • . York; where Malcolme King of Scots, with divers English and Danes were gotIbid. together, as their only place of Refuge; which so enraged the Conqueror, that with Fire and Sword he thereupon almost destroyedIbid. that whole City.

All therefore being in the Power of the Conqueror (for so Duke William was thenceforth called) this Earl with his Brother Morkar, and divers others at Berkamsted in Hertfordshire, submittingR. Hoved. f. 257 b. n 50. & f. 258 a. themselves, sworeIbid. fealty to him, and were thereupon with many fair words, receivedIbid. into protection; and not only so, but were presentTho. Stubbs. col. 1702. n. 50. at his Coronation: Nay, this Earl Edwyne was assuredOrd. Vit. 511 A. by the King, that he should have his Daughter in marriage; howbeit, throughOrd. Vit. 511 A. the deceitful Council of his Normans, there was noOrd. Vit. 511 A. performance of that promise; but instead thereof, in Lent following, when the Conqueror went into Normandy, he would not trust these great Men behind him, but took R. Hoved. fol. 258. n. 10. Ord. Vit. • 506 BD. H. Knighton, col. 2343. n. 60. them, and most of the principal English Nobility (from whom he feared mischeif in his absence) along with him.

Which hard dealing provokedOrd. Vit. 511 A. this Earl Edwyne and his Brother Morkar (who were very popular and well beloved) to break out by a new Insurrection, wherein they had many followers; as alsoOrd. Vit. 511 A. the Prayers of the Lay-Clergy and Monks, with the continued wellwishes and supplications of the poor, for their better success in that enterprise: Such was the then general discontent throughout the Kingdom, by reason of the miserable oppressions exercised by the Normans. To the assistanceIbid. B. of which Earls, Blidon King of Wales, their Nephew, came also with a numerous Army.

But King William, wisely foreseeing the danger, causedIbid. C. narrow search into all places to be made; and forthwith fortified suchIbid. C. which might be of any advantage to his Enemies: So that this our Edwyne and his Brother Morkar, considering the success of their attempts to be dubious, soughtIbid. C. for favor; which being granted Ibid. C. but in shew, Morkar betookIbid. 521. A. himself to the Isle of Ely, whence he designed, in case he should not be able to defend himself, to get away by Sea. WhereuponIbid. 521. A. the King drew down Forces to besiege him, but withal, imployed deceitful Messengers to treat with him, from whom he had no little assurance, that if he would submit, he should be received into the condition of a faithful Friend; unto which, he giving overmuch credit, came peaceably out, and yielded himself; but the King resolving to trust him no more, conveyed him to close and perpetual imprisonment.

Whereof when Edwyne heard, he determined Ibid. B. to release him or lose his life; and to that end endeavored, for full six Moneths space, to get assistance from the Scots, Welsh, and English; but before he could accomplish any thing therein, three Brothers, who were his principal Military Officers, and such as in whom he reposed great trust, betrayed him to the Normans, by whom, with Twenty Horsmen, being pent up in such a place, with the Tide, that they could not escape, val • antly defending himself, he lost his life.

Whose death was not only much lamented by the English, but by the French and Normans, in regard he wasIbid. C. of such a Noble Extraction, and of so devout Parents; as also a Person very beautiful, and an especial lover of the Clergy, Monks, and Poor-people. So that, when the King himself heard by what treachery his life was lost, being compassionately moved, he wept▪ banishing those that betrayed him, instead of rewarding them as they expected.

Of any Issue or Wife that he ever had, I have seen nothing; but of the Lands whereof he was possest in King Edward the Confessors days, the Conquerors Survey Recordeth these; viz. Muertone, Hotone, Chellinghes, Catrice, Ascam, Chipesch, Ledestune, Lastone, and Trapum, with divers Hamlets belonging to each of them in Yorkshire; Eiminstre, Forde, Ellesmales, Archelon, Walitone, Dodintone, Stratune, Stodesdone, Crugetone, Dodetune, Celmeres, Wiche, Langeford, and Plivesd • ne, in Shropshire; Dubrige, Widerdestune, and Dulvestune, in Derbishire; Wivr • h • m, Estham, Maclesfeld, Optone, Beddesfeld, Burwardestone, Hurdingebery, Pontone, Ferentone, Alburgham, Haordine, Radintone, Dodestune, Roelend, and Biscopestrey in Cheshire, and part of North Wales; Bremesgrave, with Eighteen Hamlets at that time thereto belonging; Dudeley, Benesley, and Fecceham, in Worcestershire; Suchely, in Herefordshire; Hales, Bradeley, Bernertone, Abetone, Lutni, Belintone, Burtone, Selchemore, Longenelre, Mutone, Alverdestone, Ullavestone, Ricardescote, and Monetvile, in Staffordshire; Blochesham, and Edburgebery, in Oxfordshire; and Chirchetone in Lincolnshire.

Earls of Somerset.

THe first Earl of this Shire,An. 823. of whom, I find mention, was Hun; who being in theEthelw. fol. 478. n. 30. Battle at Ellendune, betwixt Egbirht, King of the West Saxons, and Beornulf, King of Mercia. In An. 823. was there slainEthelw. fol. 478. n. 30. and his Body buriedEthelw. fol. 478. n. 30. at Winchester.

In the year 845.An. 845. Earnulf was Earl of this County; who joyningM. West. in eodem anno. with Osric, then Earl of Dorset, and Alstane Bishop of Shireburne, gave BattleM. West. in eodem. anno. to the Danes at Pedredesmuth, where they obtained a great VictoryM. West. in eodem anno. over those Pagans. But all that I have seen farther of him, is, That in the year 854.An. 854. he conspiredM. West. in eodem anno. with the said Bishop of Shireburne, against King Athelwolf, (then at Rome) and had causedM. West. in eodem anno. his younger Son Aelfred to be Crowned by Pope Leo; determiningM. West. in eodem anno. to oppose his return again into England; partlyIbid. for that in so doing, he had endeavored to deprive his eldest Son Ethelbald of his Right, to succeed him; and partlyIbid. because in his return he had wedded Iudith, Daughter to Charles, then King of France.

Earls of Dorset.

THe first Earl of this Province,An. 835. that I find, is Aethelhelme, who in the year 838. (King Egbert then Reigning) after an honorable Victory, which he hadM. West. in eodem anno. Ethelw. fol. 478 b. n. 10. upon the Danes, that then invaded this Land, in pursuing them farther than was safe, lostEthelwe • d, f. 478 b. n. 10. his life.

¶The next is Osric (or Osred) who in the year 845.An. 845. in the time of King Ethelwolph, joyning M Westm. in A. 845. R. Hoved. fol▪ 237 a. n. 20. with Earnulf, Earl of Somersetshire, and Alstane, Bishop of Shireburne, encountred M Westm. in A. 845. R Hoved. fol▪ 237 a. n. 20. the Danes in Battle at Pedredesmuth; slew M Westm. in A. 845. R Hoved. fol▪ 237 a. n. 20. a multitude of them, and obtainedM Westm. in A. 845. R. Hoved. fol▪ 237 a. n. 20. a signal Victory. ThisS. Dunelm. col. 140. n. 50. is that Osric whom some of our Historians do call Earl of Hantshire.

¶After him, scil. in the Reign of King Edgar, Egelward; of whom, I have not seen any other memorial, than his being FounderW. Malmsb▪ fol. 162 a. n. 40. of the Abbey of Pershore in Worcestershire.

Earls of Devon.

THe first Earl of this County,An. 851. that I read of, was Karl, who in the year 851. (Athewulph being then King of the West Saxons,) foughtS. Dunel. col. 138▪ n. 〈◊〉 . H. Hunt. fol. 19 • b. n. 40. valiantly against the Pagan-Danes, which did then much infest this Kingdom; and obtainedS. Dunel. col. 138▪ n. •• . H. Hunt. fol. 19 • b. n. 40. a great Victory against them at Winborne in Dorsetshire.

The next was Odda, who in the year 878. (King Alfred Reigning) was besieged 〈◊〉 . fol. 480 b n. •• . in a certain Castle by those Pagan-Dane • . After him Edred, of whom I find no other mention, than that he diedJorval. col. 832. n. 10. H. Hunt. • . 202 a. n. 20. in the year 901. a Moneth before the death of King Alured; and that he had been a faithful assistantJorval. col. 832. n. 10. H. Hunt. • . 202 a. n. 20. to him in many Battles.

Then Ordgar in the time of King Edgar; of whose beautiful Daughter,An. 961. called Alfrida, there is a notable Relation; first of her marriage with Ethelwolfe, Earl of the East Angles, and afterwards with King Edgar himself; whereof I shall take notice at large, when I come to speak of the said Ethelwolfe.

Of this Ordgar, this is cheifly memorable, viz. That he FoundedMonast. Anglic. p. 220. n. 30 & 60. the Abbey of Horton in Dorsetshire (which was a Cell to Shireburne) and likewise Tavestoke M. W • st. in •• dem annis, An. 961. in Devonshire, in the year 961. And dyingM. W • st. in •• dem annis, An. 961. in the year 971. was buriedM. W • st. in •• dem annis, An. 961. in that Abbey, where he had a fair Tomb; as also, that he had a Son called Edulf of a Giant-like stature, and wonderful strength▪ of whom it is reportedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 217 b., That coming to Exeter with King Edward, (Son and Successor to King Edgar) and finding the Gates of the City shut up and barred, he with his hands and f •• t burst them open; and that this Edulf had a Monument also in the same Abbey of Tavestoke, in proportion suitable to the immensity of his Bulk.

This 〈◊〉 is sometimes called Ordulf, and by some reportedIbid. pag. 905 b. to have been the Founder of that Abbey of Tavestoke.

After Ordgar, An. 1003. a certain Norman Earl, called Hugh, was madeR. Hoved. fol. 240 b. Earl of this County by Queen Emme; which Hugh, partly by his negligence, and partly treachery, sufferedR. Hoved. fol. 240 b. Sweine, King of Denmark to enter Exeter, and make great spoil there.

To him succeeded Ailm ••• , who, being also Earl of Cornwal, is under the Title of that County spoke of.

And to him Odo, unto whom King Edward the Conf • ssor gave 〈…〉 also the Earldoms of Somerset and Dorset.

Earls of Kent.

OF Kent the first Earl,An. 852. whereof I have seen any mention, and that upon a memorable occasion, was Ealhere, viz. A Victory against the Danes in this County, in the year of Christ Dccclii. Who arrivingAsseri▪ Menev. Annal. Sim. Dunel. Annal. H. Hunt. in the Mouth of Thames with 350 Ships, landed Asseri▪ Menev. Annal. Sim. Dunel. Annal. H. Hunt. a great Army; wasted the City of London; and foiledAsseri▪ Menev. Annal. Sim. Dunel. Annal. H. Hunt. Beortulph, King of the Mercians, in open fight: But at length, coming to Sandwich, were encountredAsseri▪ Menev. Annal. Sim. Dunel. Annal. H. Hunt. by King Ethelstan (Son to Athelwulph, the West Sax • n King;) and by the help of this Earl Eal • ere, after great slaughter, totally putAsseri▪ Menev. Annal. Sim. Dunel. Annal. H. Hunt. to flight, nine of their Ships being then also takenAsseri▪ Menev. Annal. Sim. Dunel. Annal. H. Hunt.. About two years after, this valiant Earl, with the assistance of Wada Ibid. in eodem anno, Earl of Surrey, gave them Battle Ibid. in eodem anno again in the Isle of Shi • ey; where, though, at the firstIbid. in eodem anno onset, he had the better of the day, yet at last,An. 854. the Danes prevailing, he lostIbid. in eodem anno his life.

The next Earl of this County (that I meet with) was Ceolmund, An. 897. so constitutedMat. Westm▪ Annal. by King Aelfred, in the year of Christ Dcccxcvii, to withstand the incursion of those Pagan-Danes, which then much infested this Land.

In the time of King Canutus, Godwyne Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 229 a. l. 19., a person of great note in those days, and of a most Noble Extraction, was EarlSpeed. pag. 418 b.. viz. Son of Wolnoth, Son of Egelmar, Son of Egelrick, Brother to that great Edric-Streona, Earl of Mercia, in the days of King Ethelred, commonly called the Vnredy.

In the year 1024.An. 1024. this Earl Godwyne was General Matth. Westm. Annal. of the English Forces in that expedition made by King Canutus, with his Army, consisting of English and Danes, against the Swedes; in which he performed most signal service; for Matth. Westm. Annal. discerning the King to have great loss in the first days fight, he privily assaultedMatth. Westm. Annal. the Enemies Camp in the night following, slew a multitude of them, and routing the rest, compelled Vlfe and Eiglafe, Kings of that Nation, to peaceable terms.

But the next thing memorable of him (that I have met with) was a most perfidious and ignoble Act, which much clouded the honor he gained by that brave and heroick exploit; the StoryMat. Westm. Annal. whereof is briefly this.

The year following the death of King Canutus, An. 1036. (who was in truth no other than an Invader here) Aelfred, Son to Etheldred, late King of England, by just Succession, having remained in Normandy, with Duke Richard his Uncle, for a long time, made sail hither with Five and twenty Ships full of stout Soldiers, to challenge his rightful Inheritance; and arriving at Sandwich, advanced to Canterbury; whereof Earl Godwyne having notice, he went and met him; and having assured him of his Fidelity, feasted with him that Evening: But soon after, in the night time, when Aelfred and his followers were asleep in their Beds at Guilford (in Surrey) he rushed in upon them with a multitude of armed Men; and binding their hands behind them, set them on a row; causing them all to be beheaded, except the tenth man; and not satisfied with that, decimated them once over again, so that •• w were left alive. After which he bound the Royal Aelfred himself (a young Prince of great honor) and carried him to the City of London, unto Harold, Son to Canutus, (by the power of this Earl) then made King; who upon sight of him, commanded, that he should forthwith be carried to the Isle of Ely, and his eyes put out; which being performed he soon died.

The substance of this most perfidious action of Earl Godwine, doth Simoen Dunelmensis also relateS. Dunelm. col. 179., but with instances of greater barbarity; taking notice, that upon the death of young Aelfred at Ely (as is above exprest) his Body was buried in the South Porch on the West part of the Cathedral there.

But on these his faithless and cruel practises,An. 1041. little comfort or quiet attended; for no sooner was King Harold dead, but Hardi-Canutus, King of Denmark, who succeeded him in the Throne, callingM. Westm. Annal. Sim. Dunelm. H. Knight. col. 2326. to mind the injuries done by Harold unto himself, and his Mother, sentM. Westm. Annal. Sim. Dunelm. H. Knight. col. 2326. this Earl Godwyne with some others unto London; causing them to digM. Westm. Annal. Sim. Dunelm. H. Knight. col. 2326.up the Body of that deceased King (unto whom he had been so obsequious whilest he lived) cut off his Head, and threw it, with his Body into the Thames; and moreover, growing most highly displeased with him, would not accept of any other attonement than a present toM. Westm. Annal. Sim. Dunelm. H. Knight. col. 2326. be made of a Ship Gilt with Gold, and Tack • ing suitable; wherein were Fourscore Soldiers in Gilt Armor, each of them having two Bracelets of Gold on their Arms, weighing sixteen ounces; as also Habergions (or Coats of Fence) of Gold, Gilt Helmets, Swords with Gilt Hilts girt to their Loyns, and a Danish Ax of Gold hanging on their left Shoulders. In their Left-hands each bearing a Target with Gilt Bosses and Nails; and in their Right a Lance, called in English a Tegar. And having by this extraordinary present thus qualified the King, to excuse his cruel murther of young Ethelred in the Isle of Ely (as hath been said) he laidM. Westm. Annal. Sim. Dunelm. H. Knight. col. 2326. the fault wholly upon King Harold; affirming S. Dunelm. col. 181. Jorval. col. 936. H. Knight. col. 2326. that against his will he was compelled thereto by him.

But observing, notwithstanding this specious excuse, that the English Nobility were highly incensed against him for that perfidious and barbarous Act; so that his safety here was much in danger, he fledJorval. col. 936, 937. An. 1044.into Denmark, and there continuedJorval. col. 936, 937. An. 1044. for the space of four years; his Lands and Possessions here being in the mean time confiscated: Howbeit, taking notice of the singular Piety and Clemency of King Edward, sirnamed the Confessor, (who upon the death of Hardi-Canutus was Crowned King) he adventured Jorval. col. 936, 937. An. 1044. again into England. and came to London, where the King and all the great Men of the Land then • ate in Parliament, imploring the Mediation of his Friends and Kinred, for Favor and Mercy; who, thereupon being broughtJorval. col. 936, 937. An. 1044. into his presence, and charged by the King with the guilt of his Brother Elfreds Blood, denied the fact, and put himself uponJorval. col. 936, 937. An. 1044. tryal of that Court; where, after divers Arguments, by the Earls and Barons, at that time so assembled; some in favor of him, and some otherwise; up stood Leofric, Earl of Chester, (a Person of great Integrity, and no less Piety,) and saidJorval. col. 936, 937. An. 1044., That though Earl Godwyne wa • a Man of the greatest Parentage of any in England; yet he could not deny but that by his procurement, Elfred was put to death: And therefore advised 〈…〉 , That the same Earl Godwyne and his Son, with those Twelve Earls, who were his Friends and Kinsmen, should in all humility go to the King, each of them carrying as much Gold and Silver, as he was able to bear, and offer it unto him as an atonement for that transgression; most humbly beseeching his pardon for the same, and restoration of his Lands,upon doing of his homage and fealty. All which being accordingly performed 〈…〉 , the good King did not only condescend thereto; but, to put the greater obligation upon him, took 〈…〉 unto Wife Edgitha his Daughter.

But within few years after it hapned 〈…〉 , that upon the landing at Dover, An. 1051. of Eustace Earl of • ol • in (who had married Goda the Kings Sister) some of his followers being rude and imperious in taking up Lodgings there, killed one of the Townsmen; whereat the rest grew so enraged, that they presently fell upon the Earls Retinue with all violence, slew 〈…〉 twenty of them, and wounded very many more. Earl Eustace therefore (who hardly escaped their fury) with one of his men hasted 〈…〉 to the King then at Gloucester, and made a grievous complaint to him of this mischeif: Whereupon the King sent 〈…〉 for this Earl Godwyne, and commanded him, That with his power he should vindicate this injury so done to the Earl of 〈◊〉 ; but Earl Godwyne rather excusing the fact, then endeavoring any reparation for the same, under colour of restraining the incursions of the Welsh, raised 〈…〉 the Kentishmen, with those also of Su ••• x and West Sa • ony, his eldest Son S • anus acting 〈…〉 in like manner throughout the Counties of Oxford, Gloucester, Somerset, Hereford, and Berks; and Harold 〈…〉 another Son, amongst the East Saxons, East Angles, Huntingdon, and Cambridgeshires, and formed a very great Army.

Whereupon King Edward forthwith sentW. Westm. S. Dun • lm. u • supra. for Leofric Earl of Mercia, and Siward Earl of Northumberland, who forthwith got what Forces they could together; Raphe, Earl of Hereford, Nephew to the King (viz. Son to his Sister Goda) assistingW. Westm. S. Dun • lm. u • supra. with all the power he could raise.

But in the mean while Godwyne marching into Gloucestershire, pitchIbid. his Tents at • angtreo, in that County, and sent Messengers to the King, requiring the delivery up of Earl Eustace, and all his followers, then in Dover Castle; and threatningIbid. otherwise, that he would denounce open War against him. Howbeit, the King refusing so to do; and Earl Godwyne discerning, that the Army which the King had raised by the help of those Earls was not inferior to his, submittedIbid. to an amicable Treaty, to be held at London for appeasing of that quarrel. Whereupon the King marched with his Army thither, and Earl Godwyne likewise with his, which he quarteredIbid. in the Borough of Southwark.

In order therefore, to this peaceable composure, the King sent 〈…〉 to Earl Godwyne to come to his Court, with no more than Harold, his Son, and twelve of their Retinue unarmed, requiring also, that they should deliver upIbid. unto hem what Military Services were due unto them throughout all England: But in answer to this Message, they alleagedIbid., That they durst not adventure themselves, without Hostages, to that Contion of Factious Men (for so they termed the Kings Council then about him) nor without peril and disgrace, come thither with so few men, and unarmed: But the King observing, that the Soldiers of Earl Godwyne, fearing the strength of his Forces, did by little and little out-run their Colours, caused open ProclamationIbid. to be made, that the Earl should appear at his Court, as before he had required, or depart out of England within five days: Whereupon, with Gytha his Wife, and three of his Sons, viz. Tosti, Swane, and Gyrth, he hasted toIbid. Thorney; where having a Ship ready to transport them, they soon gotIbid. unto Baldwyne, Earl of Flanders, (whose Daughter Iudith, Tosti had married) his two other Sons, Harold and Leofwyne, sailing from Bristol into Ireland.

But long it was not,An. 1052. ere this great Master of Mischeif, making all hostileSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. preparations for that purpose, returned into England again; so also his SonsSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186., Harold and Leofwyne, who came back out of Ireland; and entring the Mouth of Severne, madeSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. no small spoil in Somerset and Dorsetshires; and privily landingSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. on the Kentish Coast, sentSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. throughout that County, as also into Sussex, Essex, and Surrey, to raise what power he could; so likewise to the Marriners at Hastings, whereby he allured many to his party, who vowed to live and die with him: Whereof notice being given to the Kings Forces then at Sandwich, they immediately followed Sim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. after him. But he, seeing his present danger, hidSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. himself for a time; and so soon as he understood, that his pursuers were withdrawn, made towardsSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. the Isle of Wight, plying about that Coast, until his Sons, Harold and Leofwyne, came to him with their Ships: And though the King made all the hast he could, to send such a power as might encounter them all, yet did Godwyne enterSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. Southwark, ere any opposition could be made; and by fair promises wrought so with the Londoners, that many of them cameSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. over and joyned with him; and finding no resistance at the Bridge, gotSim. Du • elm. col. 185. & col. 186. higher with his Boats; at the return of the Tide stearing towards the North part of the River, as though he intended to surround those of the Kings, which lay on that side: But though the King had a numerous Body of Foot, as well as he; yet, both consisting totally of English, they were not willing to fight: Whereupon five discreet persons on each side interposing, disbanded the Armies; so that Earl Godwyne with his Wife, and all his Sons, except Swane, were thenceforth restored to their former Honors.

But notwithstanding these great Condescensions of that Mirror of Meekness King Edward, Gods signal Judgment at length overtook this wicked Earl; for sitting at dinner with the King at Winchester, An. 1053. the next ensuing year, it hapningM. Westm • Jorval. col. 949. H. Knighton▪ col. 2336. W. Malmesb., that as Harold his Son (who then attended as Cup-bearer) came into the room, he stumbled with one foot; yet by the help of the other, so recovered himself, that he spilled not the Wine; and that Earl Godwyne smiling, said, Thus may one Brother help another: Which expression causing the King to change his countenance, and with a deep sigh to say. So my Brother might have been an help to me, if Godwyne had been so pleased. The Earl replied, I am not ignorant that you suspect me for your Brother Eldreds death. And to the end he might the better captivate the Kings beleif of his innocence therein, most boldly imprecated, That God, who is true and just, might choak him with that m • rsel of Bread, which he then did put into his Mouth, if by himself or his contrivance, Elfred was destroyed. Which words were no sooner uttered, than that he fell Ibid. down dead, and was buried in the old Monastery of that City.

This Earl Godwyne had also the Earldom of the West Saxons, as it seems, by the expression Fol. 510 b. n. 40. of Ingulphus; who sai • h, that upon his death that Earldom was given to his Son Harold.

Of his possessions, which were exceeding great, there is no other memorial, that I ever saw, than what the Conquerors Survey Domesd. 〈◊〉 . doth take notice of; which, (for many reasons that might easily be shewed) doth not express all; but such as it doth, I shall here insert; viz. Leleburne, Fereburne, Selesburne, Boltone, Herbretreton, Brunselle, Coteham, Hore, Hanchest, Fulchestan, Romenel, Estefort, Oistreham, and Boltune in Kent: Dodimere, Ivet, Erbentone, Hiham, Wilendone, Radetone, Wineltone, Toringes, Lestone, Bercheham, Silleton, Lorentone, Trovorde, Tocherst, Stodeham, Botendone, Seleham, Tadeham, Borne, Gontone, Estone, Icemore, Clepinges, Benestede, Hentone, Laneswic, Rotingedene, Bristelmestune, Berchinges, Fochinges, Salescome, Herst, Pluntune, Bercham, Bedling, Wistanestune, Cengeltune, Aplesham, Ordinges, Dentune, How, Essingetune, Wasingtune, and Etune in Sussex; Stantune in Herefordshire; Witley in Surrey, Sudbertune, Wallope, Alwartone, Funtley, Hallege, Eeptune, Seneorde, Hamledune, Bocheland, Copenore, and Sudtune in Hantshire.

He hadH. Knighton, col. 2333. two Wives, the first was Daughter H. Knighton, col. 2333. to King Canutus (but her Christian name doth not appear) by whom he had only one Son, who H. Knighton, col. 2333. carelesly riding a Horse into the River of Thames, was there drowned.

His second Gytha W. Malmesb. 46 a. n. 50. R. Hoved. fol. 252 b. n. 20. & fol. 258 a. n. 30., Sister to Suane, King of Denmark, by whom he had issueW. Malmesb. 46 a. n. 50. R. Hoved. fol. 252 b. n. 20. & fol. 258 a. n. 30. these Sons, viz. Suane, who was Earl of Berrocshire, Oxon, and Gloucestershire, (of whom I shall say more in due place) Harold, Earl first of the R. Hoved. fol. 253 a. n. 20. East Saxons, East Angles, Huntingdon, and Cambridgshires; and after the death of his Father, ofIngulphus, fol. 510 b. n. 40. & f. 511 b. n. 20. the West Saxons, under which title I purpose to speak more of him.

The third was Wlnoth W. Malmesb. fol. 46 a. n. 50., who with Hacun, the Son of Suan • , his Uncle, was sentR. Hoved. f. 257 a. n. 50. into Normandy, as an Hostage by Earl Godwyne, upon King Edwards admission of him into England, after his banishment; where he continuedW. Malmesb. fol. 46. b. R. Hoved. fol 264 a. n. 20 & 30. during the whole Reign of that King; but after the Norman Conquest, he was broughtW. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. R. Hoved. fol 264 a. n. 20 & 30. back into England, and kept prisonerW. Malmesb. fol. 46 b. R. Hoved. fol 264 a. n. 20 & 30. at Salisbury till his death.

The fourth Tostius W. Malmesb. fol 46 a. n. 50., made EarlH. Hunt. fol. 210 a. n. 10. of Northumberland, by King Edward the Confessor, (in respect of the minority of Waltheof) of whom I shall say more, when I speak of the Earls of that County.

The fifth Gurth, of whom our Historians do make this RelationH. Knighton, col. 2341. W. Gemet. p. 287 A B., viz. That upon the arrival of Duke William, (afterwards better known by the name of William the Conqueror) report being made by the Spies, which were sent to discover the Norman Army; that it seemed to consist most of Priests, in regard their faces were totally shaven; observing his Brother, King Harold, to laugh at their error, and to express, that they were not Priests, but stout Soldiers, said, Why then will you be so inconsid • rate, as to give them Battle? We are not obliged by any Oath to the Duke; and therefore it were better for you, who have sworn to him, to make a retreat for a while; and we who are free from any Oath, will fight for our Countrey: And if we conquer, you will speed well enough; if overcome, you may try the Issue again by another Battle. The Character given of this Gurth, is, That he was (Plùs puero adultus, & magnae ultra aetatem virtutis & scientiae) a young Man of Knowledge and Vertue far above his years. Howbeit, this Counsel Harold did not take, but adventuredH. Hunt. fol. 211 a. n. 40. upon a Battle, in which Gurth was slainH. Hunt. fol. 211 a. n. 40. (as well as himself) being then an EarlH. Hunt. fol. 211 a. n. 40., as it seems, though of what County I have not seen.

It appears by the Conquerors Survey Domesd., that this Earl Gurth was possessed of the third part of the Hundred of Gepeswiz (now Ipswich) in Suffolk, and the third part of that Borough; as also of the Town-ships of Wasingetone in Sussex, Witlesford in Cambridgeshire, and Broc in Norfolck; but of what other Lands I have not seen.

As a witness to the Charter of King Edward the Confessor, made to the Church of S. Peter at Gant, bearing date An. 1044. he hath the titleMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 901 a. l. 64. of Dux, as divers other Earls also witnesses thereto then had.

The sixth Leofwyne W. Malmsb. fol. 46 a. n. 10., of whom I find little memorable, excepting his being slainR. Hoved. fol. 111 a. n. 40. in Battle with his Brothers, Harold and Gurth; but he was also an Earl (though I cannot say of what County) being so termedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 13. l. 58. as a witness to the Charter of King Edward the Confessor, made to the Canons of Waltham in Esse • . And by the Conquerors Survey is Recorded to have been possessed of these following Towns and Lordships in King Edward the Confessors daysDomesd., viz. Come in Somersetshire, Essedene, Meletune, Ledesdune, Borham, Pecheham, Fredeneste, Essedes, and Sudtone, and Colinge in Kent; Ellede in Sussex; Baverdone, Pinnoch, Chenemetone, Witeford, and Langford in Com. Devon. Puteham in Hartfordshire, Haltone, Dileherst, Dodintone, and Lechamstede, in Buckinghamshire, and of Gatone, and Codintone in Surrey.

Others sayOrd. Vit. p. 502. B., that he had seven Sons, and thus ranked in Seniority, viz. Suane, Tosti, Harold, Gurth, Elfgare, Leofwyne, and Wolnoth; of all which, excepting Elfgare, I have already spoke, which Elfgare Ord. Vit. p. 502. B. was a Monk at Remes in France.

The name of this Earl Godwynes Daughter was Eadgith, who became WifeW. Malm. fol. 45 a. n. 30. H. Hunt. fol. 209 b. to King Edward the Confessor, of whom Ingulphus (who lived in her time) gives a singular Character for her admirable Beauty, Humility, Sanctity, and Learning: AddingIb. f. 509 a. • . 30 & 40., That when he was a School-Boy and came to Court to see his Father, she often meeting him would pose him in his learning; and descending from the solidity of Grammar, unto the levity of Logick, wherein she was excellent, would conclude him with the subtilty of her Arguments; and frequently send him three or four pieces of Money, by a Maid, to satisfie for his Diet.

Yet so highly was the King incensed against Earl Godwyne her Father,An. 1051. that notwithstanding she was so excellently qualified, he putR. Hoved. fol. 253 a. n. 50. her away from him, and placed her in the Abbey of Werewell; but the next ensuing year he received Ibid▪ S. D • nelm. col. 186 b. n. 60. her again, and restored her to her former Dignity.

Of the before specified Gytha, second Wife to Earl Godwyne (before mentioned) I findDomesday▪ that she was possessed of these following Lordships; viz. Hertinges, Traitone, M • r • done, Mundreham, Westmestan, and Odemanscote, in Sussex; Cerdenord in Berks; Otringtone in Devon; as also of Edestoche and Stoches in the County of Buck: And that after the death of King Harold her Son, she privately 〈…〉 fled into France, carrying great riches with her, but never returned for fear of King William the Conqueror.

And now to close up my story of this great Earl, take here this sharp Character of his from an old HistorianAilredus Rievallensis, col. 377.—Erat inter potentes Angliae omnium potentissimus; vir magnarum opum, sed astutiae singularis; Regum Regnique proditor; qui doctus fallere, & quaelibet dissimulare consuetus, facile populum ad cujuslibet factionis inclinabat assensum. Amongst the great Men of England, he was the most potent of all; a Person of great wealth, but of especial craft; a betrayer of Kings and the Kingdom; who being skilful to deceive, and accustomed to dissemble every thing, could easily seduce the people to joyn with any Faction. But to leave the best savor of him, I will not omit his Works of Piety to the Cathedral of Canterbury; viz.W. Thorn. col. 2224. The Towns and Lordships of Stistede and Cogshall in Essex; as also of Chich, which he had of the gift of King Canutus, and bestowed in pure Alms upon the Monks there serving God.

One thing more, viz. a notableH. Knighton, col. 2332. passage betwixt Alfwald, the last Bishop of • h • reburne, and this Earl, I cannot well omit. This Alfwald was a very devout Man, and so much mortified, that when others did profusely feast, (as it was then the usage to do here in England, after the coming in of the Danes) he would take no other sustenance but Bread and Water: A Person he was most highly devoted to the Blessed Virgin, and S. Cuthbert; of whom, it is farther observable, That after his death, no one could sleep sitting in his Chair, but he was terrified with ugly Visions. But that of him which relates to this Earl, is this, That upon some discontent betwixt him and Godwyne, and the same not appeased upon a meeting which was appointed for that purpose; the Bishop upon his departure, saying, By S. Mary, it shall go evil with him, it fell out accordingly; the Earl being thenceforth never free from the torture of his Guts, until he received this Bishops Benediction.

Earls of Surrey.

OF this County,An. 854. Wada was Earl in An. 854. and joyningS. 〈◊〉 . col. • 40. R. Hoved. fol. 23 • a. n. 40. with Ealbere, Earl of Kent, in a sharp fight against the Danes, in the Isle of Thanet, there lostS. 〈◊〉 . col. • 40. R. Hoved. fol. 23 • a. n. 40. his life.

Earls of Southampton.

IN the year 860.An. 860. Osric was EarlS. Dunelm. col. 121. n. 50. of this Shire, King Ethelbyrht then Reigning; at which time, the Danes having invaded the Land, and destroyedS. Dunelm. col. 121. n. 50. the City of Winchester; he, with the help of Ethelwlf, Earl of Berkshire, giving them Battle, slewS. Dunelm. col. 121. n. 50. and dissipated their whole Army.

After this, scil. in the time of King Edgar, Aelfegus was Earl; of whom there is no other mentionM. Weslm., than of his death in An. 981.

In the time of Canutus, An. 981. Alfelme wasH. Hunt. fol 209 a. n 10. R Hoved. f 251 a. n. 20. also Earl, whose Daughter Ailiva was WifeH. Hunt. fol 209 a. n 10. R Hoved. f 251 a. n. 20. to that King, and MotherH. Hunt. fol 209 a. n 10. R Hoved. f 251 a. n. 20. to Harold his Son, and Successor in this Realm.

Earls of Berrocshire.

IN the year of Christ 860.An. 860. Ethelwlf was Earl of this County; and upon an InvasionS. Dunelm col. 121. n 60. M W ••• m. H 〈…〉 a. n 20. then made by the Pagan-Danes, who destroyed the City of Winchester raisedS. Dunelm col. 121. n 60. M W ••• m. H 〈…〉 a. n 20. the Berkeshire men; and joyningS. Dunelm col. 121. n 60. M W ••• m. H 〈…〉 a. n 20. with Osric, Earl of Hantshire, flewS. Dunelm col. 121 n 60. M W ••• m. H 〈…〉 a. n 20. and routed all their Forces, Ethelby • ht beingS. Dunelm col. 121 n 60 M W ••• m. H 〈…〉 a. n 20. then King of the We • t Saxons.

This 〈◊〉 is also sometimes called Eadulf. In the year 871.An. 871. the Danes, quittingM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. Norfolk, and those parts, advancedM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. with their Army unto 〈◊〉 , in this County, whence two Danish Earls wentM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. out with a great power to Forage the Countrey, the rest fortifyingM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. themselves, in the mean while betwixt the Rivers of • hames and K • nnet: But this valiant Eadulfe, with his Forces encountringM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. them at Englefeild (which is not far from Reading Westwards) flewM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. one of those Earls, and the greatest part of that their Army, putting the rest to flightM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b., but within a few days after in another fight with them at Reading, he lostM. Westm. in eodem anno. H. Hunt. fol. 200 b. his life.

The next Earl was Suane Ethelw. fol. •• 9 b. n. 30. R. Hoved. fol. 3 • 9 a. n. 10., Son to Godwyne, Earl of Kent: of whom I have spoke elswhere, he being Earl of more Counties.

Earls of Essex.

¶OF this County, the first Earl that I have met with, is Brithulfe, so constituted Mat. Westm. Annal. by King Aelfred, in the year of Christ 897.An. 897. for defence of the same against the irruptions of the Danes; but of him I find no more mention.

¶The next is Brithnoth, An. 981. who being witness Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. fol. 218 b. l. 54 to a Charter made by King Ethelred, to the Abbey of Tavestock in Devon, is there termedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. fol. 218 b. l. 54 Dux.

In the year of Christ 991.An. 991. this valiant Earl marchingW. Tho • n. col. 2223. n. 60. & 2224 S. Dunelm. col. • 62. n. 10. against the Danes, who then had invaded the Coast of Suffolk, and plundred W. Tho • n. col. 2223. n. 60. & 2224 S. Dunelm. col. • 62. n. 10. Ipswich, gaveW. Tho • n. col. 2223. n. 60. & 2224 S. Dunelm. col. • 62. n. 10. to Christ Church in Canterbury, these Lordships, viz. ••• inges and Il • ege; and, after the death of Elflede his Wife, W. Tho • n. col. 2223. n. 60. & 2224 S. Dunelm. col. • 62. n. 10. He •• ege: And encountringW. Tho • n. col. 2223. n. 60. & 2224 S. Dunelm. col. • 62. n. 10. those Pagans in open Battle at Maidon in Essex (where great slaughter was on both sides) the Danes being Victors, was slaimIbid..

Which Grant of Hetlege in Suffolk was confirmedW. Thorn. col. 222 • . n. 40. by the same Lady Elflede his Wife.

After him Harold, Son to Earl Godwyne, was EarlIngulph. fol. 510 b. l. 42. of this County; but upon the death of Earl Godwyne his Father, the Earldom of the West Saxons being givenIngulph. fol. 510 b. l. 42. to him; he quitted Ingulph. fol. 510 b. l. 42. this of Essex unto Algar, Son to Leofric, Earl of Chester; of which Algar, I purpose to speak under the title of the Earls of Mercia.

Earls of East Angles, or Norfolk.

THe first Earl of this Province,An. 924. of whom I have seen any mention, is, Aethelstan, who was thenMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 230 a. n. 60. Half-Koning, id est, Semi-Rex (and this was in the time of Aethelstan, King of England.) Which Earl Aethelstan taking to WifeMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 230 a. n. 60. a certain Woman, named Alfwen (afterwards Nurse to King Edgar) had by her four Sons; viz. Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 230 a. n. 60. Ethelwold, Alfwold, Ethelsine, and Ailwine.

This Earl Aethelstan in his later days, devoting himself to a Religious life, was shornIbid. p. 131. a Monk in the Abbey of Glastonbury in Somersetshire.

The name of his Wife wasMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 251. Ib. p. 231. n. 20. Alwen (but whose Daughter is not exprest) FoundressMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 251. Ib. p. 231. n. 20. of the Nunnery of Chateriz in Cambridgshire. Which Alwen gaveMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 251. Ib. p. 231. n. 20. Weston to the Monks of Ramsey, but was buriedMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 251. Ib. p. 231. n. 20. at Chateriz.

To Aethelstan succeeded in this Earldom his eldest Son Ethelwold, by some called Ethelwolfe, (in the time of King Edgar) of whom there is this memorable RelationJorval. col. 865. n. 20., viz, That King Edgar after the death of that fair Lady Elflede his Queen, having heard how great same Alfrida, Daughter to Ordgar, Earl of Devon; had for her beauty, privately sent this Earl Ethelwolfe, as his cheif Confident, to see if she was such a one as general report had represented her to be: Who accordingly took his journey to her Fathers House in those parts, and finding her in all respects really to be no less than had been exprest of her, he bethought himself how to delude the King, and obtain her for his Wife; and thereupon made his Addresses to Earl Ordgar her Father, to that purpose: Who, being an aged and an infirm Man, and discerning this Ethelwolfe to be a comely person, and skilful in the exercise of Arms, concluded, That he might be a fit match for this his sole Daughter and Heir, as being able to defend her Rights; and thereupon gave his assent thereto, upon condition, That the King would assent. Having thus far proceeded, Ethelwolfe returns, and tells the King, That indeed she was a Lady of a beautiful Countenance, but much deformed of Body; whereupon the King being content to let her alone. Ethelwolfe intreated his good will, that he might have her himself; by which means a fair accession of Lands and Riches might come to his own Estate; and soon obtained his desire. Whereupon within a short space after he took her to Wife, and begetting upon her a Son, prevailed with the King to be one of his Godfathers. Having thus accomplished his desires; first in the enjoyment of a Son, and next in this Alliance to the King, by that Spiritual Kinred; he then revealed to his Wife the whole story, how he had deluded the King, who had so great a desire to have married he • ; which much abated her after affections to him, though she made no words thereof.

But at length it so hapned, that the truth of this Earl Ethelwolfs actings in this business, being fully made known at Court, the King hasted speedily into Devonshire, under colour of Hunting in those parts, and returned not till he had seen this fair Lady; with whose beauty he became so enamored, that he caused a place of entertainment to be prepared for her and her Husband, near the Wood wherein he was to hunt; unto which, he was no sooner returned from his sports, but he saw her with his little God-son, whom Ethelwolfe soon presented to him; the King thereupon embracing her in his Arms, and kissing her. After which, being enflamed with the love of her, he had little rest; his thoughts tending to nothing so much as the full enjoyment of her: For the accomplishing therefore of that his desire, he calls a Parliament within eight days following at Salisbury; in which, all his Nobles of the Land being met, he proposed to their consideration the safe custody of Northumberland, against the irruptions of the Danes: Whereupon this Earl Ethelwolfe was resolved on for the custody of York, and the parts adjacent: But so the design was laid, that he should never return back (as it seems) for passing through the Forest of Werwelle in Hantshire, he was set upon by certain armed Men, sent thither by the King to lie in wait for him; and there barbarously murthered.

The news whereof was no sooner brought to the Court, than that the King sent for that beautiful Lady, and with great joy made her his wife, the same day both of them wearing Crowns on their Heads: But on the morrow morning Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury, (afterwards better known by the name of Saint Dunstan) came into the Kings Lodging Chamber, and boldly asked him, who that was that he had there in Bed with him; and it being answered, The Queen; the good Archbishop plainly replied, That it was against the Laws of God, and Holy Church, thus adulterously to lie with her whose Son he had been Godfather to, in regard of their Spiritual Kinred. After which time she never loved S. Dunstan; yet he ceased not to admonish the King of that fault, though to little purpose.

All that I have farther to sayIbid. of this fair Alfrida, is; First, That she bore unto King Edgar two Sons; Edmund who died in his childhood; and Ethelred (commonly called the Vnready) who at his Baptism pist in the Font; whereupon this holy Man S. Dunstan prophecied, That in him the Dominion of the English should have its period, wherein he was not much wide, as our Historians do tell. And secondly, That to expiate the murther of Earl Ethelwold her Husband, she FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. f. 256 b. n. 30. a Monastery of Nuns at Werewelle beforementioned.

To this Earl Ethelwold (so murtheredMonast. Anglic. Vol. • . p. 231. n. 20. as hath been said) succeeded Ethelwine (by some called Egelwine or Ailwine, (his youngest Brother) in this Earldome;An. 990. which Ailwine was the pious FounderIbid. p. 230. n. 40. of that great Abbey of Ramsey in Huntingdonshire, at the special instance of Oswald, Archbishop of York, whereunto he then gave 〈◊〉 . p. 239. n. 30.Two hundred Hides of Land.

This is that pious Earl Ethelwine; who, when S. Dunelm. col 16 • . n. 20 & 30. Elfare, Earl of Mercia, and divers other great Men, upon the death of the good King Edgar, being blinded with gifts, would have turned out those Abbots and Monks out of the Monasteries which had been therein placed by that King▪ stoutly stood up with his Brother Alfwold, and Earl Brithnoth (then Earl of ...) and opposedS. Dunelm. col 16 • . n. 20 & 30. the same in an open Synod; affirming S. Dunelm. col 16 • . n. 20 & 30., That they would never endure, that the Monks should be expelled the Kingdom, who were the Supporters of all Religion therein; whereupon he was termedTho. Stubb • . col. 1699. n. 40. Dei Amicus.

This was also that famous Ailwine, who had the title of Totius Angliae Aldermannus, id est, Iustitiarius Angliae, for so he was; and on whose Tomb, in that Abbey of Ramsey, was this Epitaph, Hic requiescit Ailwinus, incliti Regis Edgari cognatus, totius Angliae Aldermannus, & hujus Sacri caenobii miraculose fundator.

He had three Wives, the first Ethelfiede, who gaveIb. p. 231. n. 20. Saltrey to the Monks of Ramsey, and diedIb. p. 231. n. 20. in An. 977. The second Ethelgiva, who bestowedIb. p. 231. n. 20. on them Stow and Brune, and Ib. p. 231. n. 20. died in An. 985. The third Wlgiva, who gave Ib. p. 231. n. 20. them Brancester for the lining of their Garments with Fur, and diedIb. p. 231. n. 20. in An. 994. He himself diedIbid. p. 231. n. 40. in An. 993.An. 993.

To this Ailwine succeeded Vlfketell, who in the year 1004.An. 1004. whenS 〈◊〉 . col • 65. n. 40 & 50. Suane, King of Denmark, invaded England, and burntS 〈◊〉 . col • 65. n. 40 & 50. Norwich, being so suddenly surprised, that he could not raise an Army to oppose him, he took counsel S 〈◊〉 . col • 65. n. 40 & 50. with the great Men of those parts, and made peaceS 〈◊〉 . col • 65. n. 40 & 50. with him: And after he saw that King Suane most perfidiously had broke his faith, and burned Cherford, raisedIbid. what power he could and marched against him: And notwithstanding he could not equal them in number, yet did he adventureIbid. to give them Battle. And, though (with great loss to the Enemy) he had notIbid. an absolute Victory, yet did he destroyIbid. so many of them, that they themselves acknowledged, they never underwent so sharp a fight.

And in An. 1010.An. 1010. upon another invasion of the Danes, this Earl Vlfketell fought with them at a placeIbid. called Rigmere, near Ipswich, in Suffolk; but being too weak, the Danes, after very much slaughter on both sides, became R. Hoved. fol. 247. n. 40. Victors, and possestR. Hoved. fol. 247. n. 40. themselves of this whole Province of the East Angles.

But afterwards, scil. in An. 1016.An. 1016. he, with divers other of the English Nobility, lostR. Hoved. fol. 250 a. their lives in that fatal Battle at Assendune in Essex; where Canute, the Dane, through the wicked tr • achery of Eadric Streone, Earl of Mercia, bec • me Victor; as in my discourse of that Earl Eadric I have more largely shewed.

I do not find that he had any issue, nor have I seen mention that he ever married; but of his munificence to the Monks of St. Edmunds Bury, there is this memorial, viz. That he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 294. n. 50. to that Abbey, the Lordships and Mannors of Hildercie, Redgrave, Rigenhale, Wulfpit, • ougham, and part of Bradfeld, Fullesham, and Hegsete.

The next Earl of this Province, was Turkil, a Danish Earl; of whom, the first mention I meet with, is, That in the year 1009.An. 1009. he landedS Dun • lm. col. 166. n 60 & 177. in the Isle of Thanet; so came to Sandwich, afterwards to Canterbury; and thence into divers other Counties, where he made no little spoil, attemptingIbid. to enter the City of London, but was repulsed. And in the year 1011. having much infestedJorval. col. 888. n. 30 & 40. the North parts of this Kingdom in a Piratical manner, gave BattleJorval. col. 888. n. 30 & 40. to Vlfketell, Earl of the East Angles at Ryngemere, and invadedJorval. col. 888. n. 30 & 40. Kent▪ with a powerful Army; yet after this forsakingS. Dunel. col. 170. Suane, King of Denmark, on whose behalf he had made these incursions, he tookS. Dunel. col. 170. part with King Ethelred, and stoutly assisted S. Dunel. col. 170. him in the defence of London Walls; which in the year 1013.An. 1013. King Suane attempted with his Army, and repulsed himIbid. But King Suane being dead, and his Son Cnute, through the great treachery of Edric Streone, Earl of Mercia, An. 1017. obtaining the Crown of England, he was by him advancedIbid. col. 176. n. 30. to this Earldom of the East Angles.

This Turkill is saidR. Hoved. f. 250 b. n. 30. to have been Cofounder of that Church with King Cnute, which was built upon the Hill at Assendune, and solemnly dedicated in the year 1020▪ by Wulstan, Archbishop of York, and divers other Bishops, in memory of that fatal overthrow, there given to King Edmund Ironside, as hath been observed.

The next Earl of these parts wasR. Hoved. f. 253 a. n. 10. Harold, (Son to Godwyne, Earl of 〈◊〉 ) afterwards King: But having spoken of him at large under the title of his West Saxon Earldom, I shall not need to say any more in this place.

The Earles of Oxon, Glocester, Hereford, Somerset, and Berks.

OF these Counties Suane, Eldest Son to Godwyne, Earl of Kent R. Hoved. fol. 253 a. n. 10. was Earl: Concerning whom, our Historians do report, as followeth, viz. That being banished Jorval. col. 938. n. 50. out of England, in An. 1044.An. 1044. he went thereupon to Baldwyn, Earl of 〈◊〉 , who Wintred that year at B • uges: But about two years after (by the mediation of his Father) was again Ibid. col. 941 a. n. 50. H. Hunt. fol 209 b. n. 10. restored.

The next mention, of him, that I meet with, is his inveiglingJorval col. 939. n 30. of Edgiva, Abbess of Leominster, An. 1049. with intent to marry her, had not the King, and some of his Nobles, prevented it; for which heS. Dunelm. col. 83. n. 30. H. Hunt. fol. 209 b. n. 10. R. Hoved. fol. 252 b. n. 20. quitted England, and went into Denmar • : But not long after he returned with Eight Ships, pretending that he would be very faithful to the King, Earl Beorne, his Kinsman, (Son to the King of Denmark) promising him to mediate, that he might be restored to his Earldom. Shortly after which, he cameS. Dunelm. col. 183. n. 50. to P • vensey in Susse • , and intreated his Cosin Beorne, to go with him to Sandwich, as he had promised, to make his peace with the King; who suspecting no harm, took with him only three persons to attend him: But this treacherous Suane, having him in his power, carriedJorval. col. 939. n. 30 & 40. him to Bose •• am, where his Ships lay; and thence onS. Dunel. col. 183. n. 60. Shipboard (putting him in Bonds) unto Dort, where he most inhumanely murthered himS. Dunel. col. 183. n. 60., and cast his body into a deep Ditch, covering it with Earth. Whence he fled to F • anders with two Ships, and there continued until Aldred, Bishop of Worcester, obtaining his pardonIbid. col. 184. from the King, brought him back into England again.

Howbeit, after this he joyned with Earl Godwyne his Father, in thatW. Malmsb. fol. 45 b. n. 40. Insurrection of his, which he raised in An. 1051.An. 1051. (as in my Discourse of him I have shewed) at which time he had the guard of a Town in Herefordshire, then fortified by his said Father; and for that fact fledIbid. f. 46 a. with him into Flanders. Whence, to expiate that wicked Murther formerly by him committed upon Beorne, his Kinsman, (as hath been said) he wentS. Dunel. col. 186. n. 60. H. Knighton, col. 233. n. 20. bare footed on penance to Ierusalem; An. 1053. in which journey he got so much cold, that he diedS. Dunel. col. 186. n. 60. H. Knighton, col. 233. n. 20. thereof at Licia, in his return.

To conclude, Take here his Character by William of Malmsbury Fol. 46 b., viz. He was a Man of a perverse disposition, unfaithful to the King▪ Ofttimes he went from his Father, and Brother Harold; and exercising Piracy, did much blemish the glory of his Ancestors with Maritime Robberies.

He marriedH. Knighton, col. 2331, n. 50. Iudith, Daughter to Baldwyn, Earl of Flanders, as H. Knighton saith (but other Authors say she was Wife to Earl Tosti his Brother) by whom he had issue, Hacun; who, with Wolnoth his Uncle, were sent into Normandy as HostagesR. Hoved. fol. 257 a. n. 50., upon the Restoration of Godwyne, Earl of Kent, from his banishment.

Earls of West Saxons.

THat Godwyne, Earl of Kent, had this EarldomRegnum West Sa • . continebat Comitatus Surr. Southampt. Wilt •• ▪ Berks. Somerset. Dev • n. & C • rnub. Jorval. col. 801. of the West Saxons also, I have already taken notice; where I spake of his death, in my Discourse of him, as Earl of Kent: As also, that Harold, his second Son, had it then bestowed upon him by King Edward the Confessor, whereupon he quitted the Earldom of Essex (as I have already shewed.) It now remains that I say something of this Harold, as Earl of the West Saxons.

Of his raising the East Saxons, East Angles, with the Power of Huntendon and Cambridgshires, in aid of his Father, Earl Godwyne, upon that bold Insurrection by him made in An. 1051. or of his flight into Ireland, and return thence; whereupon, he again, joyned with his Father in those his Rebellious practises (whereof, in the life of that Earl, under the title of Kent, I have spoke) I need not to say any more in this place; I shall therefore descend to his own particular Actions.

Upon the banishmentMatth. Westm. of Algar, An. 1055. Earl of Che • ter, whereupon he first gotMatth. Westm. into Ireland; after with Eighteen Ships, as a Pyrate, joynedMatth. Westm. with Griffin, Prince of Wales; then invaded Herefordshire, and burntMatth. Westm. the Cathedral of that City: The tidings thereof being brought to King Edward, then at Glocester, he forthwith raisedS. Dunel. col. 188. n. 20. an Army, and made this Harold GeneralS. Dunel. col. 188. n. 20. thereof; who thereupon suddenly advanced against them, and pitchingS. Dunel. col. 188. n. 20. his Tents at Snaudune in North Wales, so terrified Algar, and Prince Griffin, that they soon betook themselves to flightS. Dunel. col. 188. n. 20.. Whereupon Harold marching to Hereford S. Dunel. col. 188. n. 20., fortified it with a deep and large Rampire, and strong Gates. But at length, by means of some, who did then mediate, there was a PeaceIbid. n. 30. concluded betwixt those great Persons.

After this,An. 1059. viz. in An. 1059. all things being in a quiet condition, this Earl Harold cameM. West. Will. Malmsb. fol. 52 b., to his Lordship of Boseham in Sussex (near the Sea Coast) where so it hapnedM. West. Will. Malmsb. fol. 52 b., that putting out to Sea to solace himself in a Fisher-Boat, a sudden Tempest arose, and drove the Boat to the Coast of Ponthieu in France; where being forced on shore, he was made Prisoner M. West. Will. Malmsb. fol. 52 b. by the Inhabitants of those parts, upon suspition, that he came thither as a Spy. Seeing himself therefore in this condition, he seriously pondered in his mind, how he might obtain his liberty; and soon resolving, dispatchedIbid. away a Messenger (with promise of good reward) unto Duke William of Normandy, to let him know, that he was privately sent over from King Edward, to reveal unto him some great secret; but being then detained Prisoner by the Earl of Ponth • eu, could not come to do his errand▪ Whereupon, by commandIbid. from Duke William, (being soon set at liberty) he cameIbid. into Normandy, and after most honorableWil. Malmsb. ut supra. reception there, was takenWil. Malmsb. ut supra. with him, in that his Military expedition, then made into Brita •• y; wherein he gave such signal testimoniesWil. Malmsb. ut supra., of his Prudence and Valor, as made the Duke not a little in loveWil. Malmsb. ut supra. with him. Harold therefore discerning how his subtile insinuations had already wrought; that he might heighten the Dukes estimation towards him the more, offeredWil. Malmsb. ut supra., that by a solemn Oath, he would deliver into his power the Castle of Dover, (which was his own right) and likewise the Kingdom of England, after the death of King Edward; wherefore, for more sure performance thereof, Rad. de Diceto, col. 481. n. 20. Ala, a young Daughter of the Dukes, with a large Portion, was betrothed to him.

OthersS. Dunelm. col. 195. relate this story thus,An. 1059. viz. That Earl Godwyne (Father to this Harold) being banished the Kingdom, by reason of King Edwards just displeasure towards him for his Rebellious practises, and not admitted to return without good security, for his future peaceable demeanor: Wolnoth, one of his younger Sons, and Hacun Son to Suane his eldest Son, were delivered up as Hostages to the King, and sent into Normandy, there to be kept by Duke William, Bastard-Son to Robert, Son of Richard, Brother to Emme, Mother of King Edward. Which Earl, dying not long after (as I have elswhere shewed) this Harold, his Son, came to the King, and befoughtRad. de Diceto, col. 481 a. Jorval. col. 947. n. 10. S. Dunelm, ut supra. him, that he might have leave to go into Normandy, thence to bring back his Brother and Nephew, who had been made Hostages upon the occasion before exprest. To whom the King repliedRad. de Diceto, col. 481 a. Jorval. col. 947. n. 10. S. Dunelm, ut supra., That he would not of himself do it; nevertheless, that he might not seem to hinder him, he said, Go whither thou wilt, and try what thou canst do: But this I know, that thy aim is no other than to do mischeif to this English Nation, to thy own dishonor; nor am I ignorant, that Duke William will deny thy request, unless he know that it may be much to his own advantage.

Hereupon he took shipping for the journey, but by reason of a Tempest, was forcedIbid. into the River Maia, which brought him into Ponth • eu, and there made Prisoner, until by Duke William, unto whom he sent a Messenger, that acquainted him with his misfortune, he was delivered.

Being thus come into Normandy, the Duke entertained Ibid. him very honorably, using him with all respect for many days; and at length opening his mind to him, said, That King Edward, when he was a young man, and resided with him in Normandy, did assure him upon his Faith, That if ever be came to the Crown of England, he would transfer the inheritance thereof to him. And thereupon said to Harold, If thou will be faithful to me herein, and deliver unto me the Castle of Dover (Clavis & Repagulum totius Regni Mat. Paris.,) with the Well of Water there; as also send thy Sister over unto me to be married by one of my Nobles, and moreover promise to take my Daughter to be thy own Wife: I will forth with restore unto thee thy Nephew (Hacun) and when I come to be King of England, thou shalt have thy Brother (Wolnoth) safely given into thy hands: And in case I shall happen to be established in that Kingdom by thy help; I promise, that thou shalt not ask any reasonable thing of me, but I will grant it.

Harold therefore considering in what peril he then stood, and knowing not how to get himself out of the hands of Duke William, consented: Whereupon the Duke brought before him the Relicks of Saints, and caused him to swear upon them, to make performance accordingly.

All which being effected, Harold returning into England with his Nephew, and making a Narrative to the King, of what he had done. The King repliedIbid. thus, Did not I tell thee, that I knew Duke William sufficiently; and that by this thy journey, much mischeif would come to this Kingdom. By this action of thine, many calamities will befal this Nation; which I pray God may not happen in my days. (Thus far Sim. Dunelm.)

After this, scil. in An. 1063.An. 1063. Griffin, Prince of Wales, making divers mischeivous excursions upon the bordering English, Harold was sent M. Westm. with an Army against him. Whereupon he retreatedIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. with his Forces, and betook himself unto the Woods and Mountainous parts of the Countrey; so that the English, in regard their Armor was heavy, could not readily pursue them. But this impediment being discerned by Harold, he forthwith commandedIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. his Soldiers to make use of light Armor; which so astonished the Welsh, that Griffin being forced to fleeIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. to Sea for his safeguard, they offered HostagesIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20., in case they might have Protection, to become tributary to King Edward: And to manifest their reality therein, they slewIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. Griffin, within a short time after, and sentIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. his Head to Earl Harold; who forthwith conveyedIngulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. it to the King, substituting Ingulph. fol. 511 b. n. 20. another Prince of Wales in his stead.

This is all that I have seen of his actings in Wales, An. 1064. other than his beginning of a noble structureM. Westm. S. Dunelm. col 192. n. 40. at Portaseith, that the King might be the better accommodated when he came to hunt in those parts; but Cradoc, the Son of Griffin, prevented his finishing thereof, by slaughter M. Westm. S. Dunelm. col 192. n. 40. of most of the Workmen, and takingM. Westm. S. Dunelm. col 192. n. 40. away all the Materials.

In this year it so hapnedM. West. Jorval. col. 948. n. 10. H. Hunt. fol 210 a. n. 40., that the King being at Windsore, An. 1065. Harold shewed himself so familiar with him, as to drink to him in a Cup of Wine: Which boldness seeming distastful to Tosti his elder Brother (then present, and Earl of Northumberland,) he pulled Harold by the Hair of the Head; whereupon a scuffle began, which many by-standers did endeavor to foment; but the King made only this observationM. West. Jorval. col. 948. n. 10. H. Hunt. fol 210 a. n. 40. on it, viz. That the just wrath of God did produce this deadly feud betwixt these most pernicious Brothers; for notoriousM. West. Jorval. col. 948. n. 10. H. Hunt. fol 210 a. n. 40. it was, That all the Sons of that late Trayterous Earl Godwyne were so transcendently wicked; that if they saw any comely Seat, they would murther the owner of it in the night time; and destroying his Children, possess themselves of it: Yet so subtile were they in their FlatteriesIbid., with the wellmeaning King; that, by abusing his innocency, after they had perpetrated the greatest villanies, they made themselves the cheif Rulers and Disposers of all things in the Kingdom.

Others reportH. Knighton. col. 2333. n. 50. this scuffle betwixt Harold, and his Brother Tosti, thus, viz. That they being jesting with one another in the presence of the King, Harold fell from jesting to lug his Brother by the Hair, and throw him on the ground; and that had he not been prevented, he would have strangled him with his hands. Whereupon, the King taking notice of the passage, said, That there would be very great feud betwixt them hereafter, and that one of them should be the destruction of the other.

That which now remains to be said of this Earl, is, is getting of the Crown, which his ambitious thoughts had long aimed at: The manner whereof was thusMat. Westm..

King Edward departing this life without Issue,An. 1066. the great Men of the Land grew not a little doubtful, whom they should set up to be King: Some of them inclining to William, Duke of Normandy, (whom King Edward had designned, as was said;) some to this Earl Harold; others to Edgar-Etheling, Grandson to the late King Edmund Ironside (who was, in truth, the rightful Heir, but then young:) But Harold being a crafty man, considering the danger of delay, upon the very Festival of the Epiphany, on which King Edward was buried, extorting Fealty from the Nobles, set the Crown upon his own Head: Whereof his Brother Tosti (who sufficiently hated him) having notice, he sailed presently out of Flanders (where he was at that time) with no less then Forty Ships; and coming into Scotland, where he met Harold Harfager, King of Norway, made a compact with him, and invaded England, with design to conquer his Brother Harold: Which being made known unto Harold, he raised all the power he suddenly could; and marching Northwards to oppose them, atH. Hunt. fol. 210 b. n. 30. Stanford Bridge in Yorkshire (which is over the River Darwent) after a sharp conflict (wherein his Brother Tosti, and the King of Norway were both slain) became absolute Victor: But most avariciously converting all the Booty and Spoils of the Field to his own sole benefit, so discontented his Soldiers, that they unanimously forsook him, and disperst themselves. Nevertheless,Mat Westm. ut supra. so highly was he • lated with this great success; that not at all regarding his Oath made to William, Duke of Normandy; partly for, that the young Daughter of that Duke, to whom he had been so affianced (as hath been said) was dead; and partly considering, that Duke William was at that time embroiled in some Military disputes with his Neighbors of Britanny, he sleighted those fair overtures which had been made to him, thinking himself secure enough: And to justifie himself therein the more, alledged, That the Oath which he had made to the Duke, being in time of necessity, was not to be kept; as also, that the Kingdom, whilest King Edward lived, could not without his privity be disposed of to any. But Duke William wasMat • h. Westm. of another mind; for no sooner did he hear, that Harold had thus made himself King, but that he sentMat • h. Westm. Ambassadors hither to put him in mind of the breach of his Faith, and not without some threatning intimations of his farther purpose. Whereunto Harold made replyMat • h. Westm., That, in truth, he was of necessity compelled, when he betrothed his Daughter in Normandy, to make that Oath of delivering this Kingdom of England unto him; but utterly denied that a compulsory Oath was at all to be kept. Adding, That if a Vow or Oath made by a Maid in the House of her Parents, without their assent, be void; much more his, who being under the power of the King, and compelled to take an Oath without the Kings privity. Moreover he alleadged,Mat • h. Westm., That it must be held too much presumption to alienate the Inheritance of a Kingdom, without a general consent of the people; and that it was a most unjust request, that he should quit the Kingdom, which he had undertaken to govern with so much favor of the greatest persons therein.

But the Duke, when he heard of these Allegations, was not a little enraged; and therefore having obtainedMat • h. Westm. the approbation of Pope Alexander, to countenance his intended expedition for England, prepared considerable Forces, with which he putMat • h. Westm. to Sea from the Port of S. Ualeries; and landing at Pevensey, near Hastings in Sussex, did soon after putMat • h. Westm. that dispute to the decision of the Sword by a bloody Battle, the Circumstances whereof are at large related by our Historians; wherein Harold, though fighting most courageously, and with great resolution lost his life. After which, his BodyOrd. Vital. p. 502 B. was delivered, by the Conquerors appointment, to William Malet, to be Interred upon the Sea-shore (near at hand) but being begged by his Mother, was buried in the Abbey of Walt • am in Essex, which he had FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 11. l. 44 & 65. Necnon p. 18. l. 25.. Whence it is said, he marching to this Battle, and making his OrisonsM. Westm. ut supra. to the Holy Cross (whereunto that Church was dedicated) the Cross at his departure, as a farewel to him, did bendM. Westm. ut supra. it self, and ever after continued in that leaning posture.

The Lands which this Earl Harold possessed in King Edward the Confessors time, were very great in divers Counties, as appears by the Conquerors Survey Domesday., viz. Flanebury, Cattune, • oningesburg, with divers Hamlets thereto belonging, and Cletune, with many Hamlets also pertaining thereto in Yorkshire; Contone, Melchesham, Bromham, Nigraure, Colingeburne, Cilletone, Clive, Ocheburne, Lochintone, Hunlavintone, Bereford, and Botefelde, in Wiltshire; Melcome, Beincome, Pidere, and Alford in Dorsetshire; Dolvertune, Clive, Netelcumbe, Capintone, Longeford, Nort-Curi, Eungresbery, Hes • erige, Loligtone, Branwelle, and Prestitene, in Somersetshire; Egrastone, Haltone, and Egleshos, in Cornwal; Bradestone, Toretone, Tavestocke, Haldeword, Molland, Morade, Alsi • tone, Topeshant, Mortone, Coletone, Hamistone, Spicewite, Nimetone, Uluredintone, Framintone, Donitone, and Heclicorne, in Devonshire; Westune in Shropshire; Ben • tet, Witham, Hadfeld, Havering, Stanwege, Ul • elmestune, Phingere, Writele, Brietisesde, Laleford, Neuport, Richeling, Phernige, Wochendune, and Waltham, in Essex; Arclei, and Staninges, in Kent; Crohest, Watlingtone, Telttone, Ripe, Bogele, Gate, Ramell, Piceham, and Derentune, in Sussex; Finchamstede, Ciltetone, Bristoldestone, Burtardescote, and Clivore, in Berkshire; Wimondeslay, Hiz, Weley, Waldeney, Wavedene, Deneslay, Offelay, Hesmere, Hegestanestone, and Eye, in Hartfordshire; Sueneborne, Opetone, and Waburne, in Buckinghamshire; Alwestan, Campedene, Brimsfeld, and Chenemeresford, in Gloucershire; Inteberge in Worcestershire; Merchelay, Clive, Ascis, Elwiston, Mateurdin, Herdeslege, Cicwrdine, Ulfelmestune, Stivingeurdin, Hanknetune, Burardestune, Hergesth, Bandeford, Chingtune, Ruiscop, Etune, Hamme, Liedeberge, Cotingtune, Hantune, Suewessen, Willaveslege, Widferdestune, Manitune, Brismerfrum, Sbech, Lenehalle, Malveselle, Siertune, Brocheurdy, Penebruge, Stratford, Cwre, Dodintune, Titellege, Midewde, Walelege, Herdeslege, Mateurdin, and Curdeslege, in Herefordshire; Bermundesey, Meretone, Gomesfelle, Slede, Patricsey, Tadorne, Bocheham, and Wiseley, in Surrey; Odiham, Ferley, Lacherne, Haseley, Brochenstune, Tedeorde, Silcestre, and Esse in Hantshire; Bromley in Staffordshire; Sciptone, Langefort, and Cercelle, in Oxfordshire; Cherteling in Cambridgshire; Clare and Suafham, in Norfolk; Barhon, Tedingsworde, and Cogeworde, in Leicestershire; Grantham, Haltone, Bernodeby, Tadewelle, Wadintune, Exewelle, Fulnodeby, and Carletune, in Lincolnshire.

All that I have farther seen of him, is, That he gaveEx Regist. de Peterborough, fol. 89 b. the Lordship of Cliftone in Com ... to the Monks of Peterborough, and had two Wives: What the first of them was, I cannot say; by whom, he had three Sons, Godwyne, Edmund, and Vlfe. Of Godwyne and Edmund, I find this mentionRog. Hoved. fol. 258 a. n. 40., viz. That in the year 1068.An. 1068. (which was the second of King William the Conquerors Reign) they came with some Forces out of Ireland, and landed in Somersetshire; and that one Eadnoth, who had been Constable to King Harold, encountred them with an Army, but was there slain: After which Victory they marched into Devonshire and Cornwal, made great spoil there, and got safe again into Ireland with no small booty.

And of Vlfe Ibid. fol. 264 a. n. 50., this, That being prisoner in Normandy, with Dunecan, Son to Malcolme, King of Scots, Robert, Eldest Son to King William the Conqueror, upon the death of his Father, returning into Normandy, set them both at liberty, and honored them with the dignty of Knighthood.

He had also two Daughters, viz. Gunbild Capgrave in vita S. Wolstani., who falling blind by a dangerous infirmity, was restored to her sight by S. Wolstan, Bishop of Worcester.

The otherSax. Gra • at. l. 11. (whose Christian name is not mentioned) being brought into Denmark by two of her Brethren, was marriedSax. Gra • at. l. 11. to Iarislaves (and of the Danes, called Waldemar) King of the Russians: By whom he had a Daughter, who was Mother to Waldemar, King of Denmark▪ from whom the Danish Kings, for divers ages after, have proceeded.

The second Wife of Harold, was Alditha (or by some Algytha R. Hoved. fol. 257 b. n. 40. W. Gemet. pag. 285 C.) Daughter of Algar, Earl of Mercia, and WidowR. Hoved. fol. 257 b. n. 40. W. Gemet. pag. 285 C. of Griffin, Prince of Wales.

Earls of Huntendon.

OF this County the first Earl,An. 1056. of whom I have found mention, is, Tosti, who was of a Danish extraction. There is this Jorval. col. 946. onely memorable of him; that upon the return of that famous Siward (afterwards Earl of Northumberland) from King Edward the Confessors Court, by whom he had been very honorably received; meeting with this Earl Tosti upon a Bridge, he was basely affronted by him; Tosti throwing dirt at him with his feet: For which indignity, though he did not at that time lift up his hand against him, meeting him afterwards in the same place, he cut off his head, and carried it to the King: Who having heard the truth of the whole passage, gave unto Siward this his Earldom of Huntingdon.

But of this Siward, as Earl of this County, I need not to speak farther here, having discoursed at large of him under the title of Northumberland.

After which Siward, the next Earl of this County, was Harold, Son to Earl Godwyne; so was he also of Essex, East Angles, or Norfolk, and Cambridgshire; but having spoke of him as Earl of the West Saxons, I shall say no more of him in this place.

Earls of Hereford.

OF this County, Raphe, Son to Walter de Maunt, by Goda, Sister to King Edward the Confessor, was Earl in the same King Edwards time; of whom, I find only these particulars memorable, viz. Rog. Hoved. fol 253 a. n. 20. That in the year 1051. he raised what Forces he could in this his County, and joyned with Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Siward Earl of Northumberland, against G • dwyne Earl of Kent, then Rebelliously in Arms against King Edward the Confessor.

After this, he, together with Earl Odo (both Kinsmen to that King) was madeW. Malm • b. fol. 16 a. n. 10. Admiral of above Fifty Ships, which were sent against Harold, and those other his Complices, that then infested the Coasts with Piracies.

But in the year 1055. when Algar, Earl of Mercia, who was banishedIbid. fol. 254 a. n. 50. & fol. 254 b. n. 10., and joyningIbid. fol. 254 a. n. 50. & fol. 254 b. n. 10. with Griffin, Prince of Wales, entred Herefordshire with an Army: This Earl Raphe, having raised what power he could to oppose them; and commandingIbid. fol. 254 a. n. 50. & fol. 254 b. n. 10. the English to fight on Horsback, contrary to their usual course, when he should have made the Onset; he was the first, who with the French and Normans, ranIbid. fol. 254 a. n. 50. & fol. 254 b. n. 10. away, which caused the total loss of that Battle: By means whereof, the City of Hereford, and the whole Countrey thereabouts were exposedIbid. fol. 254 a. n. 50. & fol. 254 b. n. 10. to the mercy of those Rebels. This wasIbid. sol. 254 a. n. 50. & fol. 254 b. n. 10. on the Nineth Calends of November, the same year.

THE BARONAGE OF ENGLAND AFTER THE Norman Conquest.
Earl of Kent.

AS it cannot be doubted, but that William, Duke of Normandy, after he had by that signal Victory over King Harold, subjected this Realm to his absolute power, would use all rational means for the establishing himself in his future Dominion: So is it most certain, that the advancing of such persons to cheifest trust and command, who had hazarded their lives with him in that notable adventure, was then esteemed the greatest interest of that Puissant Conqueror, and of all those his Friends and Followers, in order to the securing of what they had thus prosperously acquired. Amongst these therefore, as none were like to be better trusted, so few had greater Advancements than his nearest Allies, as will appear by what I shall observe in this Historical Discourse.

First therefore to begin with Odo; who, though an Ecclesiastick Person, (viz. Bishop of Bayeu • in Normandy;) yet considering that he was by the Mothers side, Brother to the Conqueror, he was raised to this Earldom of Kent, being the first place of power and trust, which after that Victory King William conferred upon any.

But before I proceed to speak of him as Earl, it will not be improper to shew, in regard of his Ecclesiastick Profession, how he was qualified for such a Temporal imployment; take therefore this his Character Gesta Will. Ducis Norm. p. 209 A..—Odo ille Bajocarum praesul, &c. This Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, was well known to be such a person, who could best of any undergo both Ecclesiastick and Secular businesses. Of his goodness and prudence, the Church of Bayeux, in the first place, gives testimony; which he with great wisdom did settle and advance: And though he was in years but young, yet did he excel the aged in Gravity. To all Normandy he was of great use and ornament, his prudence and eloquence manifesting themselves, not only in Synods, wherein the worship of God was handled, but in all other disputes touching wo •• dly affairs. For liberality, none like him in all the Realm of France; nor was he less praise-worthy for his love of Equity. He was no instigator to War, nor could he be drawn thereto; and therefore much feared by Soldiers: But upon great necessity, his Counsels in Military affairs, were of special avail, so far as might consist with the safety of Religion. To the King, whose Brother he was by the Mother, his affections were so great, that he could not be severed from him, no not in the Camp; being constant and faithful always to him. The Normans and Britons were most obsequious to him; nor were the English so rough, but that they esteemed him worthy of their fear, reverence, and love.

As to his particular Actings,An. 1066. certain it is, that he, with Geffery, Bishop of Constance, was Ord. Vit. p. 501 a. • present at that memorable Battle with Duke William, wherein he was Conqueror, and thenceforth King of England; and hadOrd. Vit. p. 501 a. • with him there, at that time, divers Monks and Secular Clerks, who by their devout Prayers and Councils, then afforded much assistance in that great and signal2 Id. Octobr. An. 1066.conflict.

And, after that Victory, having the Castle of Dover, (which isMatth. Paris. Clavis & Repagulum totius Regni, the Lock and Key of the whole Kingdom) and this whole County of Kent, committedGesta Wil. Du • is, p. 208 D. Ord. Vit. p. 506 C. to his charge; he was joynedGesta Wil. Du • is, p. 208 D. Ord. Vit. p. 506 C. with William Fitz-Osberne (a Principal Commander in the Conquerors Army, as when I speak of the Earls of Hereford, will appear) in the Generalship, or cheif superintendency of all the Military Forces of the whole RealmIbib. pag. 212 a. Et Ord. Vit. pag. 506 C., as well in Field as Garison.

Nay heIbid. pag. 522 D. was likewise a Count Palatine, and gaveIbid. pag. 522 D. Laws as a King; having a power over all other Earls, and great Men of the Land: As also Iusticiarius Angliae Ibid. pag. 522 D., id est, The Principal Person under the King, for administring of Justice throughout the whole Nation (which high and eminent Office, after him continued till towards the later end of King Henry the Third's Reign, as elswhereOrig. Juridic. I have amply shewed) being reputed W. Malmsb. fol. 62 b. n. 50. the wisest man in England.

In Lent after his Coronation, the King going Jorval. col. 962. n. 60. Ypod. N. pag. 30. n. 40. into Normandy, this Odo • was with William Fitz Osberne, Custos Angliae in his absence, having directionJorval. col. 962. n. 60. Ypod. N. pag. 30. n. 40. for the building of Castles in all fit places of the Land.

Being thus seatedEadmerus, pag. 197. in Kent, and so powerful Eadmerus, pag. 197. that no man durst oppose him, he possessed Eadmerus, pag. 197. himself of divers Lordships belonging to the Archbishoprick of Canterbury; which being made known to Lanfranke, when he was advanced to that See (viz. 5 Will. Con • .) he forthwith made his complaintEadmerus, pag. 197. thereof to the King: Who thereupon commandedEadmerus, pag. 197., That the whole County of Kent, especially those who were most knowing in the ancient Customs and Usages there, should, without delay, assemble, and do right therein. Meeting therefore at P • nenden, Geffrey, Bishop of Constance sateIbid., in the Kings stead as Judge; who, after much dispute, past SentenceIbid. for Lanfranke; viz. That he should enjoy the Lands belonging to his Church, as freely as the King himself did enjoy his own Demesn Lands.

In An. 1074. uponS. Dunelm. col. • 08. n. 50. that Rebellious Insurrection of Roger, Earl of Hereford, and Raphe, Earl of Norfolk; this Odo, with Geffrey, Bishop of Constance, marchedS. Dunelm. col. • 08. n. 50. with an Army to suppress them; who being then near Cambridg • , and hearing of this power coming towards them, fledS. Dunelm. col. • 08. n. 50. privily to Norwich.

In An. 1078. (13 Conq.) Qui Ibid. col. 48. n. 50. tunc • Rege secundus erat, Being the next to the King, in authority and greatness, he was sentJorval. col. 977. n. 50. with an Army to wast Northumberland; by reasonJorval. col. 977. n. 50. that the Men of those parts in an Insurrection then made there, had murthered that good man Walcher, Bishop of Durham, at 〈◊〉 , (near Newcastle upon Tine) but he there exercisedS. Dunelm. ut supra. much cruelty, and despoiledS. Dunelm. ut supra. the Church of Durham of some rich ornaments; amongst which, wasS. Dunelm. ut supra. a rare Crosier of Saphire.

Certain it is, that his extraordinary power and wealth, made him much forgetful of himself; wherewith, being highly elatedH. Hunt. f. 212. Ypod. N. pag. 32. n. 30., he grew both insolent, oppressive, and ambitious; and the rather, forOrd. Vit. pag 646. C. D. that certain Soothsayers of Rome had foretold who should succeed Hildebrand in the Papacy; and that they had found out, that after the death of Gregory, Odo should be Pope; so that he little valued the power and riches of these Western parts, unless he might rule there, and elswhere, at large as Pope: Wherefore he sent to Rome, and purchasedOrd. Vit. pag 646. C. D. a Palace there, linking the friendship of the Senators unto him by great gifts. And having adorned it with glorious and costly furniture, he drewOrd. Vit. pag 646. C. D. unto him Hugh, Earl of Chester, and a great Band of choice Soldiers; importuning them to accompany him into Italy, with promise of ample rewards. Wherewith being allured, and desirous to see Foreign parts, they soon assentedOrd. Vit. pag 646. C. D.; but King William taking notice of this great preparation, and apprehendingIbid. pag. 647. how prejudicial the effect thereof might be to this Kingdom, as well as others, being then in Normandy, hastens for England, and upon the way, at the Isle of Wight, accidently metIbid. pag. 647. this his Brother Odo, with his pompous Retinue, going towards Normandy. Whereupon, calling all his Nobles together, he representedIbid. pag. 647. to them, how that he had committed the Care and Government of England to this Odo, upon his own going into Normandy; and toldIbid. them of the dangerous Insurrections there, which occasioned that his journey; as also his happy success against them that had so rebelliously disturbed those parts: Telling 〈…〉 62 b. n. 50 & 63. them further, that whilest he was thus busied in Normandy, this his Brother Odo had grievously oppressed his people in England, robbed the Churches of their Lands, Revenues, and Ornaments; seduced those Soldiers, who should have been employed in defence of this Realm against the Danes and Irish, to pass the Alpes with him. And having thus passionately made his complaint, commandedIbid. the Guards to seise upon him: But no one daringIbid. to touch him, in regard he was a Bishop, the King himself laidIbid. hands on him. Whereupon he saidIbid., That he was a Clerk, and a Minister of God; and that he was not to be sentenced by any but the Pope: But the King RepliedIbid., I neither sentence any Clerk or Bishop, but my own Earl, whom I made my Vicegerent in my Kingdom, resolving, That he shall give account of that his trust. Whence he carried Ibid. him into Normandy, and in the Castle of Roan kept him prisonerIbid. to the end of his Reign, which was four years; but then was he set at libertyW. Malm • . fol. 67 b. n. 30. by King William the Second, commonly called Rufus, and this his Earldom of Kent restoredW. Malm • . fol. 67 b. n. 30. to him.

Howbeit, though he was thus enlarged and favored by K. William Rufus; when he discerned that he had not the whole sway in disposing of all things, as formerly (for William de Karilepho, Bishop of Du • ham▪ was madeMat. Pa ••• , p 14. n. 30. Justice of England) he fellH Hunt. ut supra. off from his Allegiance, and seduced many others, inciting them to set up Robert Curthose in the Royal Throne, as a person of a more gentle disposition, and who was past his youthful Vanities: And in order thereto began H. Hunt. fol. 2 •• . a. n 50 R. Hoved. fol. 264 b. an Insurrection in Kent, where he burntH. Hunt. fol. 2 •• . a. n 50 R. Hoved. fol. 264 b. divers Towns belonging to the King and Lanfranke, then Archbishop, carryingH. Hunt. fol. 2 •• . a. n 50 R. Hoved. fol. 264 b. the Plunder of them to Rochester, bearing an immortal hatred to that Archbishop, in regardH. Hunt. fol. 2 •• . a. n 50 R. Hoved. fol. 264 b. that by his Councel he had been cast into prisonM. Paris, pag. 14. n 40. W. Malms. fol. 67 b. n. 40. by King William the First, with that nice distinction as he was Earl of Kent; for as a Clergiman and Bishop, it was not justifiable.

From Rochester he marched toR. Hoved. ut supra n. 30 & 40. Pevensey in Sussex, and betook himself to his Castle there; unto which, the King presently marched and laid siegeR. Hoved. ut supra n. 30 & 40.; but at the end of six weeks, being for want of Food forcedR. Hoved. ut supra n. 30 & 40. to render it up, he promisedR. Hoved. ut supra n. 30 & 40. by Oath to quit the Realm, and never to return until the King should command him; as also to deliver up the Castle of Rochester before his departure. Howbeit, when he came to Rochester with those Soldiers of the Kings, unto whom he was to render it, he and they were all shutIbid. up at Rochester by the Garrison, which he had left in that Castle. Some were then of opinionIbid., that this was done by his own contrivance, for there were then inIbid. that Castle many gallant Men, and almost the whole Nobility of Normandy. There wasIbid. also young Eustace, Earl of Bolein, and divers Noblemen of Flanders. But no sooner was the news hereof brought to the King, than that he marched with his Army to Rochester, and besieged S. Dunel • . col. 215. n. 30. Mat Pari • , p 15 n. 20. the City; so that within a short space, those that were there rendred themselves: And Odo losing all his Honor, for ever abjuredIbid. the Kingdom, and wentR. Hoved. ut supra. into Normandy; where being received by Robert • Curthose, then Duke, he had the whole care of that Province committed R. Hoved. ut supra. to him.

The principal persons, An. 1088. who joyned with Odo, in this Conspiracy against King William Rufus, on the behalf of Robert Curthose, were S Dunelm. col. 214. n 30. Geffrey, Bishop of Constance▪ Robert, Earl of Moreton (Brother to this Odo) Roger, Earl of Shreasbury; RobertIbid. • n. 40. de Molbray, Earl of Northumberland, and Roger BigotIbid. n. 60., Robert Rad. de Diceto, col. 489. n. 20. de Belesmo, William de Owe, Robert fil. Baldwini de Excestre, Hugh de Grentmaisnill, Bernard Newmarch, Roger de Lacy, and Ralph de Mortimer: But of these, Roger, Earl of Shrewsbury, first Mat. Paris, p. 15. fell off.

Being thus received in Normandy, and in such high esteem with Curthose, he had the whole Government of that Dukedome committed S. Dunelm. col. 215. n • 0. R. Hoved. fol. 264 b. n. 30. to his charge, and was thereupon made Or • . Vit. p. 664 D. his Counsellor. To conclude with the words of mine Author Ibid., He was Eloquent, and magnanimous, courtly, and (to speak according to the World) couragious. He was a great honorer of Religious Men; his Clergy he stoutly defended with his Tongue and Sword; and furnished his Church with rich. Ornaments, as his Buildings, Vestments, and Plate of Gold and Silver, which he gave thereto, do testifie. In his youth, in regard he was Brother to the Duke, he was advanced to the Bishoprick of Bayeux; in which he sate more then fifty years. His carnal affections being sometimes predominant, he begot a (Natural) Son named John, who was afterwards, by reason of his eloquence and ingenuity of great esteem in the Court of King Henry the First. And though he was a person sometimes addicted to Secular Levities; yet he had a great regard to Eccl • siastick Matters. The Church of our Lady (at Bayeux) he built from the Ground, and decked it with divers costly Ornaments. In the Church of S. Vigor (sometime Bishop of Bayeux,) which is situate near the Wall of that City, he placed Monks, and constituted the Religious and Prudent Robert de Tumbalene Prior there, who amongst the rest of his learned Works, left a short, clear, and profound Coment upon the Canticles. Which Monastery he made a • ell to the Abbey of Dijon: He also sent young Schollars to • iege, and other Cities, where he knew the study of Philosophy to flourish, and gave them large exhibitions for their support in Learning; of which, so by him educated, were Thomas, Archbishop of York, and Sampson his Brother, Bishop of Worcester; William de Ros, Abbot of Fiscamp in Normandy, Thurstan, Abbot of Glas • onbury, and many other then living. So this Bishop Odo, though much entangled with worldy cares, yet he did many landable things; and what he got indirectly, be bestowed upon the Church and Poor.An. 1096. Howbeit, at length, leaving the World, he took a journey to Rome with Duke Robert his Nephew, but died at Palermo in S • c • ly, and had Sepulture in the Church of our Lady there.

The Lands and Possessions which he had here in England were wonderful great, all which were given him by the bounty of King William his Brother,Domesday, lib. for in Kent he had no less than an Hundred eighty four Lordships, or the greatest part of them; in Essex Thirty nine; in Oxfordshire Thirty two; in Hartfordshire Twenty three; in Buckinghamshire Thirty; in Worcestershire Two; in Bedfordshire Eight; in Northamptonshire Twelve; in Nottinghamshire Five, in Norfolk Twenty two; in Warwickshire Six; and in Lincolnshire Seventy six.

Earl of Cornwal.

TO this Earldom was Robert, Robert▪ EarlW. Ge •• et. p. 268 D. Ord. Vit. p. 660 B. of Moreton in Normandy, Brother W. Ge •• et. p. 268 D. Ord. Vit. p. 660 B. to King William, by the Mother, shortly after the Conquest advanced, and had other great Honors givenW. Ge •• et. p. 268 D. Ord. Vit. p. 660 B. him in this Realm.

In the time of King William Rufus, taking S. Dunelm. col. 214. n. 30. W. Gemet. p. 293 D. part with his Brother Odo, Earl of Kent, in that Insurrection, on the behalf of Robert Curthose, he heldOrd. Vit. p. 765 A. the Castle of Pevensey on that account; but so soon as the King laid siege thereto, renderedOrd. Vit. p. 765 A. it up to him, and made his peace.

This Earl having hadMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 551 a. n. 60. the Standard of Saint Michael carried before him in Battle, as the words of his Charter do import (under which, it is to be presumed he had been prosperous) did, out of great devotion to God, and the Blessed Virgin; for the health of his Soul, and the Soul of his Wife; as also for the Soul of the most glorious King William (for those are his expressions) giveMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 551 a. n. 60. the Monastery of S. Michael, at the Mount in Cornwal, unto the Monks of S. Michael de Periculo Maris in Normandy, and to their Successors in pure Alms.

To the Abbey of Grestein in Normandy, Rob. de Monte. Founded by H • rlwine de Contevill his Father; he was a great Benefactor, for he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 982. n. 20 & 30. thereunto the Lordships of Gratings and • ro • eham in Suffolk; and the Tithe of Can • b • s; as also his Lands at Saisinton in Cambridgshire: Which place of Grat • ngs (now Cretings) was a Cell to that Foreign Monastery. He likewiseMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 982. n. 20 & 30. gave thereto the Mannor of Wilminton in Sussex, where also there was a Cell for Monks of that Religious House; and in Ferlis Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 982. n. 20 & 30. Five Hides of Lands. In Pevensel he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 982. n. 20 & 30. them the House of one Engeler; and in his Forest of Pevensel grantedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 982. n. 20 & 30. to them Paunage and Herbage, with Timber for repair of their Churches and Houses; as also Fewel for Fire.

He gave moreover to that Abbey of Grestein half the Fishing of Langener, and the whole Tithe of that Fishing; as also the Churches of E • d • ne, Wesdene, and Fer • es, and one Hide of Land at Heetone.

But whereas he found that the greatest part of the Possessions, which belonged to the Priory of S. Petroc at Bodmin in Cornwal (Founded by King Aethelstan) had beenMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 213 a. lin. 35. taken from the same, and enjoyed by Canons Secular; he therefore seisedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 213 a. lin. 35. upon the Remainder, and converted them to his own use.

When he departed this World, I do not find; but if he lived after K. William Rufus so fatally lost his life by the glance of an Arrow in New Forest, from the Bow of Walter Tirell; then was it unto him, that this strange apparition hapned, which I shall here speak of; otherwise it must be to his Son and Successor, Earl William, the storyMat. Paris▪ p • 4. n. 10 & 20. whereof is as followeth. In that very hour that the King received that fatal stroke, the Earl of Cornwal being Hunting in a Wood, distant from that place about two ... and left alone by his Attendants, was accidently met by a very great black Goat, bearing the King all black, and naked, and wounded through the midst of his Brest. And adjuring the Goat by the Holy Trinity to tell what that was he so carried; he answered, I am carrying your King to Iudgment, yea, that Tyrant William Rufus; for I am an evil spirit, and the Revenger of his malice which he bore to the Church of God; and it was I that did cause this his slaughter; the Protomartyr of England, S. Alban, commanding me so to do; who complained to God of him for his grievous oppressions in this Isle of Britain,which he first • allowed. All which the Earl related soon after to his followers.

This Earl Robert took to WifeOrd. Vit. p. 578 D. Maud, Daughter to Roger de Montgomery (Earl of Shrewsbury,) which Maud was also a great Benefactress to the Monks of Gresline in Normandy, by the giftMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 982. n. 30 & 40. of Conoc, consisting of ten Hides; and two Hides in Bedingham, with the Church of that place; as also of one House in London, with all Customs thereto belonging. Moreover, she gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 982. n. 30 & 40. unto them Two and twenty Hides of Land which she had of Roger de Montgomery her Father; viz. At Harinton Eight, at Merse Eleven, at Hiteford Six, at Langeberge Two, at Tavistone Three and an half, and at Clavendon Three yards Land.

By this Maud he had IssueChron. Norm. p. 995 C. William, William. who succeeded him in these Earldoms of Moreton and Cornwal; and three Daughters, whose Christian Names are not exprest, whereof the first was WifeChron. Norm. p. 995 C. to Andrew de Vitrei; the second toChron. Norm. p. 995 C. Guy de la Val; the third toChron. Norm. p. 995 C. the Earl of Tholouse, Brother to Raymond, Count of S. Giles, who behaved himself so valiantly in the Ierusalem Expedition.

The Lands whereof he was possest at the time of the Conquerors Survey Domesd. lib. were, in Sussex Fifty four Mannors, besides the Borough of Pevensel; in Devonshire Seventy five, besides a Church and a House in Exeter; in Yorkshire an Hundred ninety six; in Wiltshire Five; in Dorsetshire Forty nine; in Suffolk Ten; in Hantshire One; in Middlesex Five; in Oxfordshire One; in Cambridgshire Five; in Hertfordshire Thirteen; in Buckinghamshire Twenty nine; in Glocestershire One; in Northamptonshire Ninety nine; in Nottinghamshire Six; and in Cornwal Two hundred forty eight; having two Castles, one at Dunhevet, the other at Tremeton.

William succeeding Earl Robert his Father in the Earldom of Moreton in Normandy, and this of Cornwal; being a personW. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 40. of a malicious and arrogant spirit, from his Childhood, envied the glory of King Henry the First. And not content with those two Earldoms, demanded W. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 40. from King Henry the Earldom of Kent as his Right; which Earldom, his Uncle Odo (the Bishop) formerly had; giving outW. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 40. privately, That he would not put on his Robe, unless that Inheritance, which he chalenged by descent from his Vncle, might be restored to him. Unto which demand, the King at first consideringIbid. his own unsetled condition, gaveIbid. a subtile and dilatory answer: But whenIbid. he discerned, that those Clouds, from whence he doubted a storm, were over, he not onely deniedIbid. his request, but began to questionIbid. him for whatsoever he possest unrightfully; yet (that he might not seem to oppose what was just) modestly yeildingIbid., that he should have a lawful tryal for the same: But with that judicial Sentence, which thereupon ensued, this Earl being highly displeased, in a great rage got over intoIbid. Normandy; and there, besides some fruitless attempts which he made against the Kings Castles; having an evil eye towards Richard, Earl of Chester (Son of Hugh) madeIbid. fol. 89 a. no little spoil upon his Lands, though he was then but a Child, and in the Kings Tutelage. From which time, together with Robert de Belesme, An. 1103. Earl of Shrewsbury, he ceased notIbid. fol. 89 a. to foment a Rebellion in those parts.

The King therefore discerning these his practises,(4 H. 1.) seisedS. Dunel. col. • 29. W. Malms. fol. 89. n. 10. Mat. Paris, p. 60. l. 14. upon all his possessions here in England, An. 1104. razedS. Dunel. col. • 29. W. Malms. fol. 89. n. 10. Mat. Paris, p. 60. l. 14. his Castles to the Ground, and banishedS. Dunel. col. • 29. W. Malms. fol. 89. n. 10. Mat. Paris, p. 60. l. 14. him this Realm.

And not long after passingS. Dunel. col. • 29. W. Malms. fol. 89. n. 10. Mat. Paris, p. 60. l. 14. over into Normandy, to quench those flames which these two Earls had made, by joyning with Robert Curthose (who thought himself injured, that his younger Brother Henry had made himself King) subduedS. Dunel. col. • 29. W. Malms. fol. 89. n. 10. Mat. Paris, p. 60. l. 14. all that power which there appeared against him;An. 1106. and at length laid siege to 〈◊〉 , (a Town belongingOrd. •• . p. 819 D. to this Earl:) For the raising whereof, Duke Robert with this William, and Robert de Belesme, and many other, cameJorval. col. 〈◊〉 . n. 20. with a great Army; where a short fight In Vigil. S. M • ch. ensued, this Earl leadingOrd. Vit. p. 821 a. the Van, and Robert de Belesme the Rear; and of the Kings Army, Ranulf de Bajorsis (an eminent Baron) the Van, and Robert Earl of Mellent the Rear. The Armies thus disposed, our Earl William made Ibid. B. the Onset upon Ranulf with extraordinary courage, butIbid. B. could not break through his Troops, they stood so stoutly to it: The Front, on bothsides, thus maintaining their ground, Helias, Earl of Maine (on the Kings part) fell Ibid. B. upon the Flank of the Enemies Foot; who being not well armed, were soon shatteredIbid. B., which disorder, being observed by Robert de Belesme, he beganIbid. B. to flie with the Rear; whereupon the King soon obtainedIbid. B. an absolute Victory, the Duke himself being made prisonerIbid. B., and all his principal adherents: Amongst which, this Earl being takenIbid. B. by the Britains, from whose hands the King and his Friends had much ado to get him, was sentIbid. pag. 〈◊〉 A. Mat. Paris, p. 63. l. 6 Jorv. col. • 221. n. 〈◊〉 prisoner into England, there to be securedIbid. pag. 〈◊〉 A. Mat. Paris, p. 63. l. 6 Jorv. col. • 221. n. 〈◊〉 , during his life. After which, the King causing his Eyes to be put out, bes • owed Ord. Vit. p. 811 A. his Earldom of Moreton, upon Stephen of Blois (Son of Stephen, Earl of Champaine) whom he then honored with Knighthood; who was after King of England.

This Earl William builtMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 668 a. n. 40. the Castle of Mountacute in Somersetshire, and called it by that name from the sharpness of the Hill, on which he did set it: And likewise Founded Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 909. a Priory near thereto, which he amply endowed, annexing it as a Cell to the Abbey of Cluny in Burgundy.

He also gaveIbid. pag. 954 b. to the Abbey of Bec in Normandy, his Lordship of Preston in the Rape of Pevensel in Sussex; and was buriedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 〈◊〉 . n 6 • ▪ in the Abbey of Bermondsey in Southwark: But when he died, I find no mention; nor of either Wife or Issue that he had.

Earls of Arundel and Shrewsbury.

IT was not long after King William the First (commonly called the Conqueror) had setled himself here in the Royal Throne, but he conferredW. Gemet. p. 311 C. these Earldoms upon RogerRoger. de Montgomery, SonIbid. B. & p. 312 A. B. to Hugh de Montgomery and Ioscelline his Wife, DaughterIbid. B. & p. 312 A. B. to Turolf of • ont-Audomare, by Weva, Sister to Gunnora, Dutchess of Normandy, Great Grand-Mother to the Conqueror; which still doth manifest the sense he had, as well of his Interest, as his Affections towards those who were of his Alliance.

The first account I have of this Roger, is, That he wasOrd. Vit. p. 470 A. Oximensum Vicecomes: And, after that, whenIbid. pag. 182 D. & 183 A. W. Malms. fol. 54 A n. 40 & 50. n. Geffrey Mertel, Earl of Anjou, being a person of an haughty spirit, and prosperous in his Military attempts upon his Neighbors, had gotten the Castle of • lencon, belonging to William Duke of Normandy; which so irritated the Duke, that he forthwith laid siegeIbid. pag. 182 D. & 183 A. W Malms. fol. 54 A n. 40 & 50. n. to the Castle of Danfro •• in Anjou. Geffrey marching Ibid. pag. 182 D. & 183 A. W Malms. fol. 54 A n. 40 & 50. n. with no small power to raise the same, the Duke sentIbid. pag. 182 D. & 183 A. W Malms. fol. 54 A n. 40 & 50. n. this Roger de Montgomery, and William Fitz-Osberne (then both gallant young men) to discover his strength; who meeting with the Earl, and representingOrd. Vit. ut supra. to him the courage and resolutions of their Duke; he furiously threatnedOrd. Vit. ut supra., that within a day or two he would manifest to the World, that the valor of an Anjovin, should far surpass that of a Norman; arrogantly vauntingOrd. Vit. ut supra. what coloured Horse he would ride on, and what Ensigns of Arms he would then bear: But they, with as much disdain, magnifiedOrd. Vit. ut supra. Duke William, and toldIbid. him the like of his Horse and Arms; and so returning, encouragedIbid. their party to fight.

This Roger wasGesta Wil. Ducis, p. 197 a. Ord. Vit. p. 493 a., with other the cheif Men of Normandy, of Counsel with Duke William, in order to his Invasion of this Realm; and attending him in that signal expedition, ledAnnal. Eccles. Aug. Cantuar. the middle part of his Army in that memorable BattlePridie Idus Oct., wherein he became Victor, and thenceforth King of England.

After his Coronation,An. 1066. he wentOrd. Vit. p. 509 C. with him again into Normandy, (viz. In Lent following) and though he was designed Governor there, when the King should be absent; yet, being advertised Ord. Vit. p. 509 C. of some disturbances like to be in England from the Danes, and discontented spirits there; he broughtOrd. Vit. p. 509 C. him back upon his return (which was in December following,) and first advanced Ibid. & p. 522 • . Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 381 b. n. 20. him to the Earldom of ••• chester Arundel, and soon after toIbid. & p. 522 • . Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 381 b. n. 20. that of Shrewebury [Chichester and Arundel being really that of Sussex; though the Earls of that Territory are usually denominated of those places, in regard of their Residences thereat.] And to these he also addedMonast. Anglic. ut supra. the Honor of Eye in Suffolk.

The CharacterOrd. Vit. p. 〈◊〉 B. C. which Ordericus Vitalis gives of him, is, That he was a very prudent and moderate Man, a great lover of Equity, and of discreet and modest Persons. He had three Clergimen, by whose counsels he was always prosperously guided; viz. Godebald, Odeler, and Herbert. The Governorship of Shrewsbury he committedIbid. to Warine the Bald, a Man of small stature, but of a great spirit; and gave Ibid. him in marriage his Neice Aimeri • . By the valor and skilful Conduct of whom, he kept Ibid. the Welsh in aw, and that whole Province in Peace. The other principal Persons who were Ibid. under him trusted and employed in his County of Salop, were William Pantolf, Picold Monast. Anglic Vol. • . p. 375. n. 60. de Sai, Corbet, and two of his own Sons, viz. Roger and Robert; byOrd. Vit. ut supra. whose wisdom and courage being freely assisted, he was as glorious amongst the greatest Nobles, as any of them all.

UponI • id. pa • 572 D. & p. 573 A • . that great and dangerous breach betwixt the King and his eldest Son Robert Curth • se, An. 1081. when both of them were in Arms, and no small fearI • id. pa • 572 D. & p. 573 A • . by most Men of the consequence thereof, this Earl, with some few others, so far wroughtI • id. pa • 572 D. & p. 573 A • . upon the King (then at 〈◊〉 ) by their mild and moderate counsels, that he was content to remit the offences of his Son, and receive him to his grace and favor.

Nor did his affections to Robert Curthose any whit abate when the Conqueror died;An. 1088. for no sooner had William Rufus assumed the Crown here, but he joynedS. Dunel. col. 214. n 20 & 40 with Odo, Earl of Kent, • obert, Earl of Moreton, and the rest of those Noblemen, with purpose to have raised the said Curthose to the Royal Throne; and in order thereto marchedS. Dunel. col. 214. n 20 & 40 from Shrewsbury with a great power of the Welsh, and others, unto the City of Worcester, and made great spoil S. Dunel. col. 214. n 20 & 40 there; but by the courage and resolution of the venerable Wolstan, then Bishop, who was at that time in the Castle a SallyH. Knighton, col. 2359. n. 20. was made; cheifly by those of the Bishops retinue, which routed H. Knighton, col. 2359. n. 20. this Earl, with all the power he had at that time there.

But so many, and so potent, were those of the Nobility, who then were against the King; that he seeing his danger, gave outMat. Paris. p. 14. n 50. & p. 15. that he would ease them of Taxes, alleviate the Laws, and give them free liberty of Hunting: And riding with this Earl • oger, subtilly toldIbid. him, That he would, most willingly, quit the Government, if he and those others whom the late King had assigned to be his Curators, should think it best. AddingIbid., That they should do what they pleased, so that it were not Treason; with many other smooth expressions, wherewith this Earl was so much captivated, that he thenceforth fell Ibid. off from the rest of his own party. Whereupon the King so expeditiously prevailedIbid. against Odo, and the rest of his then adherents, that all of them soon after submittedIbid. or fledIbid. (as in my discourse of the said Odo, Earl of Kent, will appear.)

The Possessions which this great Earl had in England, were of a vast extent, as appeareth Domesd. i • iisdem Comitat. by the Conquerors Survey, by whose bounty he enjoyed them, viz. In Wiltshire Three Lordships, in Surrey Four, in Hantshire Nine, in Middlesex Eight, in Cambridgshire Eleven, in Hertfordshire One, in Glocestershire One, in Worcestershire Two, in Warwickshire Eleven, in Staffordshire Thirty, in Sussex Seventy seven; besides the City of Chichester and Castle of Arundel; and in Shropshire very near all that County, besides the City of Shrewsbury.

As to his enterprises in Wales, it is to be noted, ThatHistory of Wa • es by D. 〈◊〉 , p. 151. after the Normans became thus Victorious (as hath been observed) they thought the whole Realm of England too little recompence for so great and hazardous an adventure; and therefore observing, that Robert Fitz-Hamon, and those Knights who assisted him, hath sped so well by their attempts in Glamorganshire, desiredIbid. Domesd. Sciropse. King William to grant them what they could by power and force obtain from the Welsh. Unto which request (considering that by thus enlarging his Dominion, his Soveraignty and Wealth, would consequently be the greater) he readily assentedIbid. Domesd. Sciropse.. Whereupon he entredIbid. Domesd. Sciropse. Powysland, and won the Castle and Town of Baldwine, which he fortifiedIbid. Domesd. Sciropse., and called after his own name Montgomery. So likewise Ibid. Domesd. Sciropse. Cardigan, and did homageIbid. Domesd. Sciropse. for them to the King.

There is this also farther memorable of him, viz. That he builtDomesday, lib. Salop. a strong Castle at Shrewsbury, upon that neck of Land situate betwixt the stream of Severn, on each side; which River so admirably environeth all the rest of that Beautiful Town, as that it is now well defended on every part.

And next, that he was a person of extraordinary devotion to God; for he not only FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 375 & 376., and most amply endowed that great Abbey of S. Peter and Paul in the Eastern Suburbs of Shrewsbury, but alsoMonast. A • gl. Vol. 2. p. 950 a. n. 40. three other Religious Houses in Normandy: One in the Suburb of the City of Sais; the secondMonast. A • gl. Vol. 2. p. 950 a. n. 40. at • roarn upon the River Dive; and the thirdWil. Gemet. p. 278 C. at Almanacha for Nuns.

He was also a great BenefactorMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 957 a. to that Abbey of S. Stephens at Caen in Normandy (Founded by the most famous King William the Conqueror) givingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 957 a. thereunto certain Lands in those parts.

So likewise toIbid. pag. 966. n. 50. & Ord. Vit. pag. 602 B. & 579 C. the Abbey of Vtica in Normandy, as appearsIbid. pag. 966. n. 50. & Ord. Vit. pag. 602 B. & 579 C. by his Grant of the Lordships of Mel • eburne in Cambridgshire, 〈◊〉 (now called Dnne) and Mercston in Staffordshire, with one Hide of Land at Graphan. Likewise ofIbid. pag. 966. n. 50. & Ord. Vit. pag. 602 B. & 579 C. certain Lands at Chichester, with the Tithes of Cheese and Wool of Pulton; and Tithes of Senegay in Cambrdgshire.

Moreover to the Monks of S. Peter at Cluni in Burgundy, by his GrantMonast. Anglic. p. 10 • 6 b. n. 10 & 20. Jorval. col. 988. l. 53. of Chelton: And lastly, by his StructureMonast. Anglic. p. 10 • 6 b. n. 10 & 20. Jorval. col. 988. l. 53. of the Church at Quadford near Bruggenorth in Shropshire; the occasion whereof was as followeth.

UponJorval. col. 988. n. 50 & 60. the first passage of Adeliza his second Wife out of Normandy into England, there hapning so great a storm at Sea, as nothing but Shipwrack was expected by the Mariners; a certain Priest, who was her Chaplain, being much wearied with long watching, fell very fast asleep; in which sleep there appeared to him a comely Matron, who said thus, If your Lady would be preserved from the danger of this dreadful Tempest, let her vow to God, that she will build a Church to the honor of S. Mary Magdalen, in the place where she shall first meet the Earl her Husband in England, and specially where an hollow Oak groweth near an Hogstie: All which, when he awaked, he told to his Lady, who soon made her vow accordingly; whereupon the Tempest ceased, and she with her attendants came safe to shore. At length, after divers days journey towards her Husband, she met him near Quatford, in an Out-wood on Hunting, at a certain place where such an Oak then grew; and relating to him what had hapned, moved him, that he would fulfil her vow; who forthwith assenting, caused that Church, in honor of S. Mary Magdalen, to be built, which he endowed with ample possessions; and gaveLel. Coll. Vol. 1. f 24 • . to his Collegiate Chappel in the Castle of • rugge Nor •• .

He first took to Wife Mabel, DaughterW. Gemet. p. 272 A. & p. 275 A. p. 311 B. and Heir to William Talvace (Son of William, Son of Ivo de Belesme, a person of great power and note in the time of Richard, Duke of Normandy,) with whom he hadOrd. Vit. p. 470 A. a large inheritance in Belesme, and elswhere. Which Lady bearing much hatredIbid. pag. 471 D. to the Founders of the Abbey of Utica, causedIbid. pag. 471 D. that House to be grievously burthened with quartering of Soldiers: For which, and other oppressions, by her exercised towards divers of the Nobility, she was afterwards murtheredI • i • . pag. 5 • 8 B. in her Bed, and buriedIbid. C. in the Abbey of Troarn before mentioned.

By this Mabel he had Issue five Sons and four Daughters, viz. Robert de Belesme, Hugh de Montgomery, Roger of Poictou (of which three, I shall speak more largely.) Philip who applied Ibid pag. 708 D. himself to Literature, and was aIbid. pag. 724 B. Priest; as also Arnulph, who having nothing of his Fathers Inheritance, betookIbid. pag. 〈◊〉 D. himself to Feats of Arms. And following his Fathers example in his Adventures in Wales, wonHistory of 〈◊〉 by D. Powel. p. 15 • . that part of So • th Wales, called Dyvet, (now Pembr • k • shire;) for which respect, having •• nast. Anglic. Vol • p. 381 b. n 30. the title of that Earldom, he first began to build 〈◊〉 Cam •• . p 148. a Castle there which he afterwards fortifiedHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 157. on the behalf of his Brother Robert, in the time of that Rebellion against King Henry the First.

He also gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. c. 569. l. 10. to the Abbey of S. Martin at Sais in Normandy, (so Founded by his Father, as hath been said) for the health of his Soul, the Soul of Earl Roger his Father, and of Earl Hugh his Brother, who was slain that year, the Church of S. Nicholas, situate within his Castle of Pembroke, with Twenty Carucates of Land besides.

Of his Daughters, Emme the Eldest wasOrd. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A. Abbess at Almanisca; Maud Ord. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A. was Wife of Robert Earl of Moreton (Half-Brother to the Conqueror) Mabel Ord. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A. of Hugh de Nov • Casteko; andOrd. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A. Sibil, of Robert Fitz-Hamon (Lord of Corboil in Normandy.)

His second Wife wasOrd. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A. Addeliza, Daughter of Ebrard de Pusaic, by whom he had Issue only one Son Ebrard Ord. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A.; who being a Clergiman, was one of the ChaplainsOrd. Vi •• p 578 D. & 68 • A. to Henry the First, King of England.

And now, as this great Earl, having a venerable esteem of the Monastick Profession, was Founder and Benefactor to so many Religious Houses (as hath been said) so at his departure out of this World, he farther manifested his affections thereunto: For by his last Will and Testament he bequeathedOrd. Vit. p. 579 A. to the Monks of S. Ebrulf (at Uitca) Thirty shillings to be paid every year, out of his Lands at • lencion, at the beginning of Lent, for the maintaining of a Lamp to burn in the Church of that Abbey, day and night before the Crucifix. And having by the hands of Reginald, then Prior of Shrewsbury, obtainedH. Knighton, col 2365. n. 10. from the House of Clu •• in Burgundy, the Coat of S. Hugh, sometime Abbot there, for himself to put on, caused himself to be shorneOrd. Vit. p. 581 • . & •• g. 7 • 8 C. a Monk in the said Abbey of Shrewsbury, with the consent of his Wife; where, it is observedOrd. Vit. p. 581 B. & •• g. 7 • 8 C. of him, That three days before his death, he wholly appliedJorval. col. 988. n 40. himself to divine Conference and devout Prayers with the rest of that Covent; and that he diedOrd. Vit. ut supra. the Sixth Kalends of August, in the year of Christ 1094.An. 1094 And was honorably buriedOrd. vit. ut supra. in the Ch •• ch of that Monastery. But others sayHistory of W • les by D. Powel, p. 153, 154., that he was slain by the Welsh, between Cardiff and Brecknock.

¶Though Robert, Sirnamed de Belesme, was the Eldest Son of Earl Roger, last mentioned; yet, in respect, he had only that great Inheritance by his Father and Mother, which lay in Normandy, and not those Honors in England till afterwards, I shall first speak of Hugh Hugh. de Montgomery his younger BrotherOrd. Vit. p. 708 D., because he next succeeded in these Earldoms of Arundel. and Shrewsbury, whom the Welsh called History of Wale • by D. Powel, p. 155. Hugh Goch, by reason of his Red Hair.

This Hugh, in the life time of his Father, possessed Domesd. lib. Staff. the Mannor of Wrfeld in Staffordshire. He likewise wasOrd. Vi • . p. 703 & 704. in that Conspiracy with Robert de Molbray, and others, for the murthering of King William Rufus in Northumberland, having placedOrd. Vi • p. 703 & 704. divers armed Men in a Wood there, of purpose to effect their design; which being made knownOrd. Vi • . p. 703 & 704. to the King, the principal of them were brought toOrd. Vi • . p. 703 & 704. condign punishment; and others forcedOrd. Vi • . p. 703 & 704. to open the • r Purses for regaining that Kings favor; amo • gst which, this Hugh gave Three thousand poundsIbid. p. 704 C. But of him I find nothing farther memorable, than that Action wherein he lost his life, in An. 1098.An. 1098. (12 Wil. Ruf.) which was thus.

The Welsh growing powerfulOrd. Vit. p. 768 A., and committing many outragesOrd. Vit. p. 768 A. upon the Marches; this Earl raisingOrd. Vit. p. 768 A. the power of Shropshire, joyned Ord. Vit. p. 768 A. with Hugh, Earl of Chester, and the strength of that County, and marchedS Dunelm. col. 223. n. 30. into Ang • esey, where they made most miserable destruction, and in a very barbarous and cruel manner, cuttingS Dunelm. col. 223. n. 30. off the Hands and Feet of some, the Privy Members of others, and putting S Dunelm. col. 223. n. 30. out the Eyes of many; and amongst these they tookS Dunelm. col. 223. n. 30. one K • ured, a Priest; by whose counsels the Welsh had been much guided in those their enterprises; and afterS Dunelm. col. 223. n. 30. they had cut off his Stones and his Tongue, they pulledS Dunelm. col. 223. n. 30. out one of his Eyes: But this horrid and savage dealing, went not long unrevenged; for within a few days after, Magnus, King of Norway, (Son of Olaus, Son to Harold Harfagar) having Ibid n 50. Jorval. col. 994. n. 20 & 30 gotten the Orchads, and the Isle of Man, failedIbid n 50. Jorval. col. 994. n. 20 & 30 with a few Ships unto the Coasts of Anglesey, intending there to have landed; but finding opposition, he letIbid n 50. Jorval col. 994. n. 20 & 30 flie his Arrows at those that were on shore, by one of which, this Earl was slain.Ibid n 50. Jorval. col. 994. n. 20 & 30

That he there lost his 〈◊〉 , all Historians agree, but the circumstances thereof are somewhat variously delivered, Ordericus Vitalis relating it thusP. 768 A B., viz. That Magnus, King of Norway, being at Sea with Six Ships, directing his course towards England, did much Alarm the people on divers Coasts, and that there then was great hostility betwixt the English and Welsh at that time. Whereupon the power of Ch • shire and Shropshire was raised, and ready for Battle, in the Countrey of •• yannoh, n • ar the Sea Coast. To which place, this Hugh de Montgomery first coming with his Troops, expecting Auxiliaries from the Neighboring parts, staid there many days, circumspectly guarding the Countrey against the Incursions of the Welsh and Norwegians.

During which stay, it hapned that the Inhabitants thereabouts, discerned the Norwegians near at hand, and in danger of landing, ran up and down in no little fear; which caused this Earl Hugh to ride near the brink of the shore, in order to the Marshalling his Soldiers for the better opposing their entrance; but it so fell out, that as he sate thus on Horsback, he was shot by an Arrow from one of their Ships, and falling down into the Water (then flowing) lost his life. After which, within few days his Body being carried to Shrewsbury, was there buried in the Cloyster of the Abbey with great lamentation.

Howbeit, Giraldus Cambrensis L • l. Col. Vol. 2. p. 100. in his Description of Anglesey takes notice of another Circumstance, but attributeth it to Hugh, Earl of Chester, who was at that time in Wales with this our Earl; and not to him, which is a gross mistake, as to the person.

There is (saith he Itin. Camb. p. • 94.) in this Isle (viz. Anglesey ) a Church of S. Teuredaucus the Conf • ssor, in which Earl Hugh (after he had subjugated these parts of Wales,) having kennelled his Dogs all night, found them, every one, mad next morning; and that he himself died a miserable death within a Moneth after: For hearing that certain Pirates were come to the Haven of this Island in Long-Boats, and making hast to oppose their Landing. The principal Commander of them, called Magnus, standing at the fore end of the Boat, with a Bow in his hand, let flie an Arrow at our Earl, then armed Cap a Pe, so that no entrance could be made, except through his Helmet at the Sights for his Eyes; but so fatally was that Arrow directed, that it passed through his Head-peice upon his Right Eye, and pi • rcing his Brain, caused him to fall headlong into the Sea.

¶I come now to Robert de Belesme, Robert de Belesme. Eldest Son to Roger de Montgomery; who, upon his Fathers death had those Lands and Honors of his which lay in Normandy, (as hath been observed;) and now, upon the death of Hugh, his younger Brother, these Earldoms of Arundel and Shrewsbury, in England.

The first mention I find of this Robert, is in An. 1073.An. 1073. (which was in the Sixth of the Conquerors Reign) the King having then heardOrd. Vit p. 832 D. of much wrong done to his Norman Subjects by some Neighboring powers; fearingOrd. Vit p. 832 D. also an Invasion from them, and Insurrections at home, preparedOrd. Vit p. 832 D. a considerable Army; wherewith advancing Ord. Vit p. 832 D. to Mayne, and in his passage besieging Ord. Vit p. 832 D. the Castle of Fresnay, he there girt Ord. Vit p. 832 D. this Robert de Belesme with the Sword of Knighthood. After which, he grew in so great esteem with that King, that he conferredIbid. p. 668 C. much honor upon him; so that he excelledIbid. p. 668 C. most of the Nobility of Normandy in glory, having Ibid. p. 668 C. very great possession there, and many strong Castles.

Nevertheless, no sooner was the Conqueror dead,An. 1087. but his Turbulent and Rebellious disposition began to shew it self; for he then seised Ibid. pag. 664 B. upon the Garrisons of Allencio • and Belesme, with divers other strong Holds; and joynedIbid. pag. 666 C. with Odo, Earl of Kent, and those other on his party, against King William Rufus, on the behalf of Robert Curthose, and wasIbid. pag. 667 B. with them in the Castle of Rochester at that time, Howbeit, when Earl Roger his Father, fell off Ibid pag. 672 D. from them upon the fair promises of Rufus, this his Son complied with him also; but going Ibid pag. 672 D. soon after with Henry Earl of Constance into Normandy; and Duke Robert hearing, that he was thus reconciled to his Brother Rufus, and by Oath obliged to him, taking counsel with Odo, Bishop of Baye • x, before they could act any thing, he caused him to be seised on as he came a shore, and committed him to close imprisonment.

The news whereof being broughtIbid. to the Earl his Father,An. 1088 he (by Licence from King William Rufus) hastsIbid. into Normandy, and manned Ibid. all his Castles against Curthose. But hearing Ibid. pag. 675 A. that C • rthose had good success against some others who were then in Arms, he made means Ibid. pag. 675 A. for a reconciliation, and for the enlargement of this Robert his Son; both which he accordingly obtained.Ibid. B.

Howbeit, notwithstanding that accord, being thus got a liberty, swellingIbid. with revenge, he ceasedIbid. not, upon all occasions, to do the greatest mischeif he could; never being quiet, for the full spaceIbid. of Fifteen years, but disturbing him sundry ways, and seducingIbid. others to do the like.

The CharacterIbid. Gemet. p. 294 B. of this Robert then given, is, That he was a very subtil, crafty, and deceitful Man; big of Body, strong, bold; powerful in Arms, and Eloquent; but exceeding cruel, covetous, and libidinous. A Person of great insight in serious Affairs, and unwearied in his managery of worldly business; likewise a most ingenious Architect; but for inflicting of torments, a most inexorable Butcher: No Friend at all to the Church, but a vile and wretched Oppressor. For which, his wickedness, he underwent the SentenceOrd. Vit. pag. 707 C. of Excommunication by the Venerable Serlo, An. 1094. Bishop of Sais; all his Lands being interdictedOrd. Vit. pag. 707 C., so that there was no Burial therein; yet nothing was he reformed by any of these means. In brief, there can be no higher expressions of the most barbarous and cruel Tyrant that ever was, than is of him; his severity being exercisedIbid. D. not only to strangers, but even to Friends and Familiars; gloryingIbid. D. and making his boast amongst his Parasites of those his unparallel'd Inhumanities.

He wasIbid. pag. 766 B. Princeps Militiae Regis Willielmi Rufi; id est, General of all the Military Forces to King William Rufus; and his cheif Architect for the structureIbid. C. of that Castle of G • zors, upon the Confines of Normandy, opposite to Calv • mont.

Upon the death of his Brother Hugh, An. 1098. addressingOrd. Vit. 768 C. himself to the King for his Earldom, he gaveOrd. Vit. 768 C. Three thousand pounds for the same; and was thereupon madeOrd. Vit. 768 C. Earl of Arundel and Shreswsbury.

He removedIbid. the Town of Quatford (near Brugge-North in Shropshire, where his Father, Earl Roger, built the Church, as hath been said; and builtIbid. a strong Castle at Brugge-North. He made claimIbid. to the Honor of Blithe in Nortinghamshire, as his right by Inheritance from Roger de B • ithley his Kinsman, which for a great sum of Money he obtainedIbid.; and for the space of four years was a grievous oppressorIbid. of the Welsh.

And though he stood fair with William Rufus, An. 1101. after that his reconciliation (as hath been said) yet upon his death he tookOrd. Vit. 785 D. & 786 A. part with Robert Curthose against King Henry the First; conspiring Ord. Vit. 785 D. & 786 A. privately, with his two Brothers, Roger of Poictou and Arnulph; as also, with William Warren, Earl of Surrey, and others; and at length broke out with them in open Rebellion Ord. Vit. 785 D. & 786 A. against that King.

Curthose therefore to requite this his service, gaveIbid. pag. 786 A. him the Bishoprick of Sais, with divers Lands in Normandy, promising more in case he were King; and in order to that his design, landedIbid. pag. 787 A. & B. at Portsmouth, where he found a fair Reception of the Nobility of England, who conductedIbid. pag. 787 A. & B. him to Winchester; upon which, many that formerly made a specious shew of adhering to King Henry, then fell off, and entertainedIbid. pag. 787 A. & B. Curthose; amongst whom, this Earl, Robert de Belesme wasIbid. one, and William, Earl of Surrey, another; who, that they might have the fairer pretence for what they did, made divers unreasonable demandsIbid. from the King; giving out, that they would desert him, in case he yielded not thereto.

But, notwithstanding all this danger which so much threatned King Henry, he managedIbid. pag. 788 A. & B. his business, in this great exigent, with such prudence, as, that he came to a firm accordIbid. pag. 788 A. & B. with his Brother Curthose, viz. That Curthose quitting all his right to England, should receive yearly Three thousand pounds sterling from thence; and enjoy the Town of Constance in Normandy, with whatsoever else he did there possess, excepting Dan • ro • t. All which, being thus concluded, (after two moneths entertainment here) he returnedIbid. D..

Peace being therefore thus happily established betwixt them, the King deeming it requisite to question those, who in his great necessity,An. 1102. had so basely deserted him: Amongst others, as the cheif, summonedIbid. pag. 8 • 4 C. this Earl Robert de Belesme to answer the charge; whereupon William Warren going into Normandy to Curthose, and making sad complaintIbid. pag. 8 • 4 C., That for his sake he had lost his Earldom of Surrey, which was of Three thousand pounds yearly Revenue, and importuning Ibid. pag. 8 • 4 C. him to mediate with the King for restitution thereof; Curthose on purpose cameIbid. pag. 8 • 4 C. over into England accordingly: But moving the King therein, he upbraidedIbid. D. him with the violation of that late peaceable agreement made betwixt them, in not bringing publick Traytors to justice, and sparing that severity as was proper to be exercised upon Turn-coats: Adding Ibid. D. moreover, That he had, that very year, given friendly Reception unto this Robert de Belesme, and bestowed on him his Fathers Possessions, viz. The Castle of Argentoil, the Bishoprick of Sais, and the Forest of Golfer. All which miscarriages, Curthose replied, should be amended.

And having thus summoned this Robert de Belesme, he laidIbid. • . pag. 506 • . no less than Forty five Transgressions, by word or deed, to his charge.

Whereupon obtaining leaveIbid. • . to go to his Counsel, for the better colour of his escape, in great fear he fledIbid. • . to his Castles; which being made known to the King, he caused Proclamation Ibid. • . to be published, That unless he did come in, and submit to his Tryal, he should forthwith be adjudged as a Publick Enemy. But Robert well understanding his own condition, and not daring to adventure the test, fortifiedIbid. • . those his Castles, imploringIbid. aid from all his Kinred and Alleys.

The King therefore discerning his obstinacy,An. 1102. and being well acquainted with the height of his spirit, presently raised forces; and in the first place laid siegeIbid. • . to his Castle at Arundel in Sussex.

But besides this of Arundel, he mannedR. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10. that of Brugge-North in Shropshire, strengthening R. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10. it with a very large and high Wall, and erectedLel. Itin. Vol. 4. fol. 182. a Chappel therein (which in after time was 〈◊〉 Lel. Itin. Vol. 4. fol. 182. • Collegiate Church for a Dean, with Six Prebendaries, and dedicated to S. Mary Magdalen.) Moreover, he fortified and manned the Town and Castle of Shrewsbury; as also that Ibid. at • ikhill in Yorkshire, (part of the Honor of Blithe, belonging to Roger de Buithley before-mentioned) and with his Brother Arnulph marchedIbid. n. 20. & Wil. Malms • . fol. 88 a. n. 10. into Staffordshire, committing great spoilIbid. n. 20. & Wil. Malms • . fol. 88 a. n. 10. in that Countrey.

He likewise beganS Dunelm. col. 227. • . 10. the Building of another Castle at Carracove in Wales; and brought Itin. Cambr. p. 222. a famous Race of Spanish Horses thither.

The King therefore discerning the flame of Rebellion thus kindled in so many parts, leaving R. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10, 20, 30. W. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 20, 30, 40. a considerable power to continue the Siege at Arundel, for preventing any Succors which might come thereto, marchedR. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10, 20, 30. W. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 20, 30, 40. himself to Brugge-North, and sentR. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10, 20, 30. W. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 20, 30, 40. Robert, Bishop of Lincolne, to besiege Tikhill. Being come to Brugge-North, he raisedR. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10, 20, 30. W. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 20, 30, 40. notable Works against it; and framedR. Hoved. fol. 269 a. n. 10, 20, 30. W. Malms. fol. 88 b. n. 20, 30, 40. certain Military Engines for assault thereof, stayingOrd. Vit. p. 8 • 7 A. there three weeks: And having by private gifts corrupted R. Hoved. ut supra. History of Wales by D. Powel, p. 158. Ord. Vit. p. 807 D. those of the Welsh of that Garrison, in whom this Rebellious Earl did most confide, whereof Iorwerth ap Blethin was the cheifR. Hoved. ut supra. History of Wales by D. Powel, p. 158. Ord. Vit. p. 807 D. he obtained a RenderR. Hoved. ut supra. History of Wales by D. Powel, p. 158. Ord. Vit. p. 807 D. thereof.

Howbeit, this Earl deeming it notIbid. pag. 807 A. safe to trust wholly to Garrisons, he leftIbid. pag. 807 A. Shrewsbury to the care and charge of Rog •• the Son of Corbeth, Robert de Nevil, and Vlger Grosvenour, unto whom he joynedIbid. pag. 807 A. eighty Stipendary Soldiers; and making peaceIbid. pag. 807 A. with the Welsh, alluredIbid. pag. 807 A. to his party, Caducan, and Gervatus, two of their Kings (Sons of Rese,) by whom, with his own Troops he frequently disturbedIbid. the Kings Forces: But William Pantolf (a great Man in Shropshire,) who was • leightedIbid. by this Earl, and thereupon received into the Kings favor; having Ibid. two hundred Soldiers sent to his aid, and the Governorship of Stafford Castle committed to his charge; not only galledIbid. the Earl beyond all others, resistingIbid. C. him also with his Counsels and Arms, even to his utter destruction; but so wrought upon these Welsh Kings, by rewards and promises, that he drew them to his party.

Which ill success attending this haughty spirited Earl, and the renderIbid. D. of that his strongest Castle at Brugge-North, wherein he reposed most confidence, coming to his ears, did so much perplex him, that being almost mad, he knew Ibid. D. not what to do.

The King therefore, discerning his advantages, commandedIbid. D. That Shrewsbury should be besieged: But the waysIbid. D. being bad and narrow about Malpas, and the WoodsIbid. D. thick, wherein Archers lay, which annoyed the marching of his Soldiers,An. 1102. he was necessitated to appoint Ibid. pag. • 08 A. Sixty thousand Foot Soldiers, who were then in that expedition, to cut down that Wood, and to make a large passage through it.

The Earl therefore hearing of all these things, and considering the event of this his desperate condition, with all humility imploredIbid. the Kings clemency, upon his approach near Shrewsbury, and acknowledging his crimeIbid. of Treason, offeredIbid. to him the Keys of that Town. Which the King graciously acceptedIbid., suffering him to have safeIbid. Conduct with Horse and Arms for his passage to the Sea Coast; but seisingIbid. on all his Honors, and the Possessions of those that had adhered to him in this his Rebellion. Whereupon ensued the most general joy Ibid. to all the Kingdom imaginable, that they were thus rid of so great a Tyrant, and such a savage Oppressor: For he wasIbid. C. so stupendiously cruel, that he rather chose to inflict miserable torments Ibid. C. upon poor Captives, than to receive much Money for their Redemption. Which so much heightned the Kings displeasure towards him, that he could notIbid. C. endure any of his Relations, but caused his Brothers, Roger of Poictou and Arnulph, (who were both wealthy Earls) to be utterly extirpatedIbid. C.. Nay his whole Family was so odious to him; that inIbid. regard Emme his Sifter was Abbess of Almanisca, he tookIbid. away those Lands which Roger de Montgomery their Father had bestowed on that Religious House, and gaveIbid. them to one of his Soldiers.

Being thus banished England, there was little Ibid. D. respect given to him in Normandy, scarce any one there abiding him; yet his wealth which he had treasured up in Thirty four strong Castles, formerly built for his Rebellious purposes, supportedIbid. D. him sufficiently: Of which, (such was his inhumanity, though besides this, he did sol • ly possess all his Fathers great Inheritance in those parts) he would affordIbid. D. his Brothers no share at all. Roger of Poictou therefore betookIbid. D. himself to the Castle of Carof, which was of his Wives Inheritance, and there continued Ibid. D. till his age; and Arnulph after many troubles and miseries for this his Brother, being discontented, appliedIbid. D. himself to Curthose; and having takenIbid. D. the Castle of Almani • ca by surprise, deliveredIbid. D. it to him.

Being therefore thus forsaken of his Brother,An. 1102. he durst notIbid. pag. 809 A. confide in any; and having been so terrible to others, could not trustIbid. pag. 809 A. those of his own party; yet such was his proneness to evil, that he forbore not to lay hold upon any occasion to act mischeif: For whenIbid. pag. 809 A. as in the Moneth of Iune, this year, some Soldiers of the Dukes (id est, Robert Curthose) having a desire to plunder the Countrey, entred the Abbey of Almanisca, and stabled their Horses in that Sacred place, he hastedIbid. pag. 809 A. to them, and set fire Ibid. pag. 809 A. on the Monastery, tookIbid. pag 809 A. divers persons prisoners; whereof some he killedIbid. pag. 809 A., and others, according to his wont, dismembredIbid. pag. 809 A..

Curthose hereupon marchedIbid. B. towards him with his Army: Whereupon he puts his Forces in order, and boldly meeting him upon a Causey, routedIbid. B. him. Which success so elated him, that scorningIbid. B. the Duke, he aimedIbid. B. at no less than the subjugating all Normandy to his own power, and in effect he accomplished it; the people having no head to flee to, being necessitated Ibid. B. to submit to him.

Curthose therefore discerningIbid pag. 811 D. this desolation to his Countrey, and being notIbid pag. 811 D. able to defend it against the power of this Belesme (regardless Ibid. of the Accord made with King Henry of England his Brother) made peace with him;An. 1103. yieldingIbid. up his Fathers Lands and Honors, as also the Bishoprick of S •• s, and other things before noted.

But the next ensuing year,(5 H. 1.) An. 1104. King Henry passing Ibid. pag. 814 A. over into Normandy with a great power (where he was honorably received by the Nobility of that Countrey) sentIbid. pag. 814 A. to his Brother Curthose; and toldIbid. pag. 814 A. him of his breach of that Accord, which had been made betwixt them formerly in England, by thus making peace with this Robert de Belesme (a wicked Traytor to them both) without his advice, and restoring unto him those his Fathers Lordships, rebuking Ibid. pag. 814 A. him also for divers other miscarriages; after which, he returned into England. Howbeit, no sooner was he gone, than that this wicked Belesme, studying to make more mischeif, incitedIbid. C. William, Earl of Morecon, and whomsoever else he could seduce, to take up Arms in those parts: Whereupon ensuedIbid. pag. 815. no little slaughter, rapine, and spoil. Of which, King Henry being advertised, he forthwith hastes over into Normandy again, landing at 〈◊〉 , in the last week of Lent. And lodgingIbid. pag. 815. soon after at Corenton, received grievous complaints Ibid. pag. 815. of the miserable condition of the Countrey; amongst, which, that this Robert de Belesme had burntIbid. pag. 815. the Church of Cornay, in the Diocess of Sais, and in it Forty five persons, Men, Women, and Children.

But in Autumn following,An. 1105. this Robert de Belesm, and William, Earl of Moreton, standing in fearIbid. pag. 819 D. of King Henry appliedIbid. pag. 819 D. themselves to Curthose: Whereupon the King getting some Forces together, marchedIbid. pag. 819 D. to 〈◊〉 , and there raisedIbid. pag. 819 D. Works for the siege of that place;In Vigil S. Mich. Jorval. col. 1002. n. 20. but notwithstanding those Works, William, Earl of Moreton (whose Town it wasOrd. Vit. p. 820 A.) being a courageous young Man with some Troops of stout Soldiers relieved itOrd. Vit. p. 820 A. which being signified to the King, he returned again thither, and reinforcedOrd. Vit. p. 820 A. the siege. Earl William therefore excitesM. Paris, in An. 1105. Ord. Vit. ut supra. Curthose, and this Robert de Belesme, and all others, on whom he could by any means prevail, to aid him in the raising thereof.

Whereupon Curthose, with all the strength he could make, formedM. Paris, in An. 1105. Ord. Vit. ut supra. an Army; the principal persons therein beingM. Paris, in An. 1105. Ord. Vit. ut supra. this Robert de Belesme, William, Earl of Moreton, Robert de Stotevil, and William de Ferrers: Of which Army, William, Earl of Moreton, commandedIbid. the Van, and Robert de Belesme the Rear. But such was the fate of Curthose and his Adherents, that the Flank of their Army, being fiercely chargedIbid. pag. 821 B. Battle at Tener ••• bray. by Heli • s, Earl of Mayne, on the Kings Party, became so disorderedIbid. pag. 821 B. Battle at Tener ••• bray. , that our Robert de Belesme (who was with Rear) presently fledIbid. pag. 821 B. Battle at Tener ••• bray. ; by which means, the King obtained a clear and absolute VictoryIbid. pag. 821 B. Battle at Tener ••• bray. Curthose himself being there taken prisonerIbid. pag. 821 B. Battle at Tener ••• bray. (as I have elswhere shewed) with divers others of greatest note on his side.

But Belesme thus escaping, endeavoredIbid. pag. 822 • . by all the means he could to draw off Heli • s, Earl of Mayne from the King, and by his help to set up Curthose again: Which when he saw he could not effect, he then made useIbid. pag. 822 • . of him to work his reconcilation, and obtained itIbid. pag. 822 • .: The King thereupon restoringIbid pag. 823 A. to him Argentoil, and whatsoever of his cheif Inheritance he had formerly enjoyed. Howbeit, all these gracious favors from King Henry, wrought nothing on him; but when he saw any opportunityIbid. pag. 838., he was st • ll for more mischeif; afterwards conspiringIbid. pag. 838. to set up William, the Son of • obert Curthose, then in banishment, stirring up Lewis, An. 1108. King of France, William, Duke of 〈◊〉 , Henry, Duke of Burgun • y, Alan, Earl of 〈◊〉 , and all other potent men, that he could, to his aid.An. 1113. And afterwards both by his Counsels and Power, abetted 〈…〉 . 841 A. Fo • ke, Earl of 〈◊〉 , and other King Henries Enemies: The King therefore considering 〈…〉 841 A. that no Favor could win him, nor Oath or Promise oblige him, convented 〈…〉 841 A. him before his Court of Justice at 〈◊〉 , for these his wicked practises; which being not able to gainsay, he was by Judgment thereof committed 〈…〉 841 A. to close imprisonment, atR Hoved. fol. 271 a. n. 10. 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 , and his Possessions at 〈◊〉 , and 〈◊〉 , with other Lands in those parts, disposed r to Theob • ld, Earl of 〈◊〉 , (Brother to Stephen, afterwards King of England.)An. 1114. And the next year following, broughtIbid. pag: 844 D. over into England▪ and at •• ham sufficiently securedH. Hunt. pag 217 b. n. 30. all the days of his life.H. Hunt. pag 217 b. n. 30.

Having thus, with as much brevity as I could, run through the story of this turbulent spirited Earl, I shall conclude with that which Henry de Huntendon (one of our ancient Writers) expresseth of him (inter alis) in that excellent Epistle MS. in 〈◊〉 Cotton. fol. • b. of his De Contemptu Mundi, written to a familiar Friend of his, in the time of King Henry the Second— Vidi • ti Robertum de Beleeme, qui princeps Normannensis in Carcerem positus; erat Pluto, Meger • , Cerberus, &c. Thou h •• t seen Robert de Beleeme, a Pri •• e in Normandy, cast into Prison: He was a Pluto, Megera, Cerberus, or whatsoever else can be expr • ssed that is most horrid. He would not permit poor Captives to be redeemed, but murther them; under pretence of playing with his own little Godson, he thrust out his eyes with his thumbs. He used to thrust sharpe stakes through the bodies of men and women, from the fundament to the mouth; and the greatest slaughter of people was his cheifest delight: So that it was commonly said of him, as in a Proverb, The wonders of Robert de Beleeme. But let us come to his end, a thing most desirable: He who had so tortured others with imprisonment, was himself cast into prison by King Henry, and there long tormented till his death; which be so much endeavord to effect by hunger, that it was scarce discernable, whether be were living or dead; and being speechless, could not express the sense he had of death.

This, sometime great, Earl took to Wife Ord. Vit. pag 708 • . Agnes, the Daughter of Guy, Earl of Ponthieu, whom he usedOrd. Vit. pag 702 • . most barbarously, keeping her a long time a prisoner in his Castle at • elesme; until by the means of a Servant, she made her escape, and fledOrd. Vit. pag. 708 • . to the Countess of • hartres, neverOrd. Vit. pag 708. • . returning to that her cruel Husband.

By her he left issueW. Gemet. p. 3 •• B. & 311 A. one only Son, viz. William, sirnamed Talvace; William Talva • e. against whom King Henry the First was much incensed, but at the earnest intreaty of Maud the Empress his Daughter, he at last receivedOr • . Vit. p. 851 C. him to his favor, and permitted him to enjoyOr • . Vit. p. 851 C. all his Fathers Inheritance in Normandy.

But afterwards,An. 1135. upon those differencesIbid. pag. 900 D. which unhappily arose betwixt King Henry, and his Son-in-Law Geffrey, Earl of Anjou; this William Talvace being much suspectedIbid. by the King, to favor and abet the Earl of Anjou against him; and for that cause divers times summoned Ibid. to come to his presence, but refusing, King Henry seisedIbid. upon all his Lands and Honors: Whereupon he fled to the said Earl of Anjou, and after the death of King Henry adheredIbid. pag. 905 C. to him, having the title ofIbid. pag. 905 C. Earl of Ponthieu, as also ofChro. Norm. p. 1000 C. Sais.

This William Talvace, by Ala hisW. Gem. p. 311 C. Ord. Vit. p. 897 D. Wife, Daughter to Odo, Duke of Burgundy, had Issue two Sons, Guy who was madeW. Gemet. p. 311 C. Chro. Nor. p. 1000 C. Earl of Ponthieu in his Fathers life time, andW. Gemet. p. 311 C. Chro. Nor. p. 1000 C. Iohn; as also two Daughters, the one marriedW. Gemet. p. 311 C. to Iuhel, the Son of Walter de Meduana; and the other toIbid. William, Earl Warren the Third; and afterwards toChro Nor • . p. 1002 B. Patrick, Earl of Salisbury.

I come lastly to Roger of Poictou, Roger of Poictou. the Third Son of the before mentioned Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury. This Roger, sirnamed Pictaviensis, id est, of Poictou, becauseOrd. Vit. p. 708 D. W. Malms. pag. 88 b. n 30. he married a Wife of that County, had nothingOrd. Vit. p 708 D. Ibid. pag. 808 C. at all of his Fathers Inheritance, but was a Military Man: Whereupon, being advanced to the title Ord. Vit. p 708 D. Ibid. pag. 808 C. of an Earl, he livedOrd. Vit. p 708 D. Ibid. pag. 808 C. for a time in wealth and power; having the EarldomMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 381 b. n 30. of Lancaster, and all that partDomesd. lib. of Lancashire which lieth betwixt the Rivers of Ribble and Mersey, and other great Possessions, in that, and other Counties of the Conquerors gift.

So that he became not only a good Benefactor to the Abbey of Shrewsbury, (which was of his Fathers Foundation, as I have already shewed) by givingVonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 380 b. n. 10. thereto the Churches of Kirkeham, Waleton Ibid. pag. 378. n. 60. & p. 383 a. n. 20 & 30., and Biscopeham Ibid. pag. 378. n. 60. & p. 383 a. n. 20 & 30.; as also the LordshipsIbid. pag. 378. n. 60. & p. 383 a. n. 20 & 30. of Pulton, Oxciton, and Biscopeham, with the FishingIbid. pag. 378. n. 60. & p. 383 a. n. 20 & 30. of Thelewell (all in Lancashire) but was so liberal to the Monks of S. Martins at Sais in France, by bestowingIbid. pag. 566 a. n. 20, 30, 40, 50, 60▪ &c. & p. 568 b. n. 50 on them the Church of our Lady at Lancaster, with divers Lands belonging thereto; as also the Churches of Hessen, with the third part of the Lands in that Town;An. 1094. the Churches of Cotgrave, Cropill, Wikelay, Croston; the moity of the Church of Aicleton; the Churches of Ridwell and Preston, with the whole Tithes of that Parish; the Churches of Mellinges and Boelton; the Town of great Dernesse, as also of Pulton, with the Church, and one Carucate of Land: The Tithes of his Venison and Paunage throughout all his Woods; the Tithe of his Fishing, and third draught of Fish taken with great Nets; the small Tithes of Estanebery, Salfort, Derby, Halas, Ewreton, Waleton, Crosseby, Molas, Croston, Preston, Richby, Singleton, Preshoved, Middelton, Overton, Scherton, Barr, Stapleton, and Asseline: That those Monks thereupon established a Cell of their own Order there, and annexed all the Lands and Churches so given by this Earl thereunto; so that he may very well be accounted the Founder of that Priory-Alien, so setled at Lancaster.

But takingOrd. Vit. p 785 D. part with his Brother Robert de Belesme, An. 1101. Earl of Shrewsbury, in that Rebellion against King Henry the First, on the behalf of Robert Curthose, he was banishedW. Malmsb. p. 88 b. n. 10. England for the same. After which, Henry, Duke of Normandy, (Son to Maud the Empress) gave all his Possessions unto Ranulph (sirnamed Gernouns, Earl of Chester (as I shall more fully shew, when I come to speak of that Earl) which were of a vast extent.

For besidesDomesd. lib. • ub • it. Rog. Picta •• inter 〈◊〉 & 〈◊〉 all that part of Lancashi • e, lying betwixt the Rivers of Ribble and Mersey, he hadDomesd. lib. • ub • it. Rog. Picta • inter 〈◊〉 & 〈◊〉 so much more in that County, as made up the number of an hundred fourscore and eight Mannors: As alsoDomesd. in iisdem Com. Seventy six in Yorkshire, Three in Essex, Fifty nine in Suffolk, Eleven in Nottinghamshire, Seven in Derbishire, Ten in Norfolk, and Forty four in Lincolnshire.

But of his Posterity, other than one Daughter calledEx magno Registro in Officio Ducatu • Lancast. • ub tit. Lancast • . Sibill, I have not seen any thing.

Earls of Chester.

THe first Earl of this County, after the Norman Conquest, wasOrd. Vit. p. 522 A. Gherbod Gherbod. a Flemming; who, having undergone Ibid. many difficulties, as well from the English, as his troublesome Neighbors the Welsh; and being at length sentIbid. for into Flanders by some of his Friends, to whom he had committed the managery of his affairs, relating to his Hereditary Honor in that Countrey, obtained licenseIbid. from King William to go over thither, with purpose to make a speedy return: But it so hapned, that he there fell into his Enemies hands, and was restrainedIbid. by a long and hard imprisonment.

¶King William therefore, upon this recess of Gherbod, gaveIbid. pag. 598 A. this Earldom of Chester to Hugh de Abrincis, his SistersH. Knighton, col. 2376. n. 60 Son (Wife of Ord. Vit. 〈◊〉 supra. Richard, sirnamed Goz.) Which Hugh Hugh Lupus. being a person of great noteIbid. B. at that time amongst the Norman Nobility, and an expertIbid. B. Soldier, was for that respect, cheifly placed so near those unconquered Britains, the better to restrain their bold incursions: For my Author saithIbid. B., It was consilio prudentum, by the advice of his Council, that King William thus advanced him to that Government; his power being also not ordinary, for he had Royal Jurisdiction within the Precincts of this Earldom, it being givenCambden in Chesh. him, Tenere ita liberè ad Gladium, sicut ipse Rex tenebat Angliam per Coronam. To hold as freely by the Sword, as the King himself held England by the Crown. But though the time of this his advancement wasOrd. Vit. ut supra. not till the year 1070. (4 Will. Conq. Gherbod thenOrd. Vit. ut supra. departing hence) certain it is, that he first cameMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 72 a. n. 30. into England with the Conqueror, and thereupon had Whitby in Yorkshire bestowedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 72 a. n. 30. upon him, which he soon after disposedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 72 a. n. 30. to William de Percy, his associate in that famous expedition.

During the Conquerors Reign, I have not seen any farther mention of this Earl Hugh, then that he was a witnessIbid. Vol. 1. p. 289 b. n. 30. with most of the Bishops and great Men of the Realm, unto that Kings Charter of Confirmation made to the Monks of S. Edmunds-Bury in Suffolk, Pridie Kal. Iunii, An. 1081. (14 Conq.) whereby he ratified to that Monastery, the Concessions of King Edmund, Canutus, Hardy-Canutus, and Edward the Confessor, amongst which, he is rankedIbid. Vol. 1. p. 289 b. n. 30. in the second place, viz. Next unto Roger de Montgomery, then Earl of Shrewsbury.

But in 1 Will. Rufi, whenOrd. Vit. p 666 C. Odo, Earl of Kent, with Eustace, Earl of Bolein, Robert de Belesme, and many more, adhering to Robert Curthose (eldest Son to the Conqueror) would have advanced him to the Crown; and to that end cameIbid. into England, mannedIbid. divers Castles, and incitedIbid. the people to joyn with them; this Earl Hugh stood Ibid. pag. 667 C. stoutly to the King: Whereupon he had the Castle of S. Iames committedW. Gemet. lib. 8. cap 4. to his trust, which standing on the Confines of Normandy and Britanny, was builtIbid. by Duke William (before his Conquest of England) to restrain the attempts of Conan, Earl of Britanny (and whereof Richard de Abrincis, Father to this Earl Hugh was made the first Governor.)

Being faithfulOrd. Vit. p. 697 A. to King William Rufus all his Reign, when Henry his Brother had possessed himself of many strong places in Normandy, heOrd. Vit. p. 697 A. rendred to the King, those that were in his hands; and was one of the principalIbid. 666 A. B. Commanders against those Forces of Philip, King of France; which Philip, claiming a right to several places in Normandy, had entred those parts with a great power. By his Prowess and Military skill, he enlarged his Territories upon the Welsh, winningHistory of Wales by D. 〈◊〉 , p. 151. Tegenel and Ryvo ••• e, with all the Land by the Sea-shore, unto the River of • onwey,

In 11 Will. Rufi, he joyned with Hugh, An. 1096. then Earl of Shrewsbury, and entringR. Hoved. p. 267 b. n. 20. the Isle of Anglesey, exercised great cruelties towards the Welsh; that being the timeW Malms. fol. 70 b. n. 40. Jorval. p. 994 b. n. 10. when Magnus, King of Norway, made an attempt on that Isle, in resistance of whom the Earl of Shrewsbury lostW Malms. fol. 70 b. n. 40. Jorval. p. 994 b. n. 10. his life.

After the death of which King, this Earl Hugh grew in much esteem with King Henry the First, beingHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 155. one of his cheif Counsellors. He wasOrd. Vit. p. 783 D. a fat Man, and therefore called Hugh Vras by the Welsh.

It is reportedGiraldi Cambr Itin. Camb. p. 194., that there being in the Isle of Anglesey a Stone (much like in shape to the Thigh of a Man) of that vertue, that whethersoever it is removed, it will the next night following, return to its old place, as by the Inhabitants thereabouts hath been frequently observed; and that though this Earl, upon his invasion of the Isle, in the time of King Henry the First, hearing of its property, caused it to be fastned unto another Stone of great magnitude, with a strong Chain of Iron, and thrown into the Sea; yet, that the next morning it was found in its old place again, to the wonder of many: And therefore by a publick Proclamation he prohibited, that thenceforth none should presume to remove it again.

Moreover in an ancient British Manuscript, containing the life and actions of Griffin, the Son of Conan, Prince of North Wales, it is recorded 〈◊〉 . p. 199 & 200., that a servant of Griffin (called Marian the Red) did betray him to this Earl Hugh, under colour of having some Conference with him at Rue; insomuch, as the Prince, suspecting nothing, had but a slender attendance, was carried prisoner to 〈◊〉 . And that, after he had been many years kept there in Bonds, the Earl landed an Army in Ang • e • ey; and by fire and sword wasting it, subdued the Inhabitants there to his Government. Moreover, to the end he might the better keep what he had thus got, that he built two Castles, one in the Isle, the other in Arvon, which he manned with Soldiers. Likewise, that sometime after, one Cynuric Hir, and Inhabitant of Yule, (who had formerly served Prince Griffin, and was well known to him) came to Ch • ster, with some necessaries for him; and finding him tied in a Chain of Iron, went to him at Supper time, whilest his Keepers were at meat, and carried him away on his shoulders, no notice being taken thereof. The Prince having thus escaped, raised Forces (great confluence of people coming to him) and recovered his Possessions again.

This Earl Hugh rebuiltIbid. p. 213. the Castle of Deganwy, near Conway. But his death shortly after approaching, so that his farther Secular Imployments were at an end, I shall now take notice of his Pious works.

He was the FounderMonast. Anglic. Vol. • . p. 950 b. n. • 0. of the Abbey of S. Severus, in Normandy, within the Diocess of Constance; and afterwards of thatMonast. Anglic. Vo. 1. p. 200 b. n. 30. at Chester here in England, dedicated to S. Werburge; where, in the room of Canons Secular, he plantedIbid. pag. 200 a. n. 40. Monks and endowedIbid. p. 201 a b. them with ample Possessions. Richard, a Monk of Bec, in Normandy, being broughtIbid. p. 200 a n. 20. over by Anselme, Abbot of that Monastery (afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury) and made the first Abbot there.

To the Abbey of Bec, in Normandy, he gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 2. p. 954 a. n. 40. the Lordship of Atherston in Warwickshire. To the Abbey of Whitby in Yorkshire, theMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 73 a. n. 20. Church of S. Peter at Whitby, and theIbid. Church of Flemesburgh (id est, Flamborough) in pure Alms. AndMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 966 b. n. 30. to the Monastery of Utica, in Normandy, one Hide of Land in Little P • landenton (now called Pillerton) in Warwickshire, with the Tithes of that place; as also the Tithes of Sanley in Buckinghamshire.

In his youth and flourishing age, he was a Ord. Vit. p 598 B. great lover of Worldly Pleasures, and Secular Pomp; profuse in giving, and much delighted with Enterludes, Jesters, Horses, Dogs, and other like Vanities; havingOrd. Vit. p 598 B. a large attendance of such persons, of all sorts, as were disposed to those sports: But he hadOrd. Vit. p 598 B. also in his family, both Clerks and Soldiers, who were Men of great Honor, the venerable Anselme (Abbot of Bec, and afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury) being hisRad. de Diceto, p. 491 a. l. 7. Confessor: Nay, so devout he grew before his death; that, sicknessOrd. Vit. p. 787 B C. hanging long upon him, he caused himself to be shorn a Ord. Vit. p. 787 B C. Monk in the Abbey of S. Werburge; where, within three days after, (viz. 6 Kal. Aug. An. 1101An. 1101. (1 Hen. 1.) he diedIbid., leaving Issue by Ibid. Ermentrude his Wife, Daughter of Hugh de Clerement, one only Son named Richard, then H. Knighton, p. 2376. n. 60. seven years of age: Which Richard succeeded him in this Earldom of Chester, (andOrd. Vit. p. 522 B. by his Concubines divers Children, both Sons and Daughters) and was buriedMon. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 308 b. n. 60. in the Chapter-House there.

But of those Illegitimate Children, I find only mention of two, viz. Otwel, TutorOrd. Vit. p. 870 A. to those Children of King Henry the First, which perished Ibid. pag. 867 D. by Shipwrack; and Robert, first a MonkIbid. pag. 602 C. in the Abbey of S. Ebrulf at Utica in Normandy, and afterwards AbbotHist. Eli •• . Eccles. MS. 〈◊〉 Bibl Bodl. lib. 58. f. 43 • of S. Edmunds-Bury in Sunolk.

Though the Historians of that age do make no mention of any other of his Children, most certain it is, that he had a Daughter called Geva Ex Vet. • artulario in Bibl. A • run • deliana, fol. 67 a., who became the WifeEx Vet. • artulario in Bibl. A • rundeliana, fol. 67 a. of Geffrey Ridell, an eminent Man in those days (viz. Justice of England, under King Henry the First) as I have elswhere shewed: Nor can her legitimacy be doubted; for it is evident, that she had the Lordship of Draiton (now called Draiton-Basset) in Com. Staff. givenEx Vet. • artulario in Bibl. A • rundeliana, fol. 67 a. her in Frank-marriage by this Earl, her Father, which could not have been so bestowed on a Bastard, as our Learned Lawyers do clearly affirm.

That this great Earl had vast Possessions here in England, of the Conquerors gift, doth evidently appearDomesd. iisdem Com • tat. by the number of Lordships he held at the time of the General Survey; for besides all Cheshire, excepting what then belonged to the Bishop (which was not much) he had in Berkshire Nine, in Devonshire Two, in Yorkshire Seven, in Wiltshire Six, in Dorsethshire Ten, in Somersetshire Four, in Suffolk Thirty two, in Norfolk Twelve, in Hantshire One, in Oxfordshire Five, in Buckinghamshire Three, in Glocestershire Four, in Huntindonshire Two, in Nottinghamshire Four, in Warwickshire One, and in Leicestershire Twenty two.

And that divers emiment Men were his Barons, is certain enough from the words of his CharterMon. Ang. Vol 1. pag. 202 a. n. 42, whereby he Founded and Endowed the Abbey of S. Werburge at Chester, viz.—Haec sunt itaque dona data Abbatiae S. Werburge, quae omniae ego Comes Hugo & Richardus filius meus & Ermentrudis Comitissa, & mei Barones, & mei homines dedimus, &c. Which Barones and Homines with their respective gifts there mentioned, are these; viz. 1. Willielmus Malbanc. 2. Robertus filius Hugonis. 3. Hugo filius Normanni. 4. Ricardus de Vernun. 5. Ricardus de Rullos. 6. Radulphus Venator. 7. Hugo de Mara. 8. Radulphus Ermiwini filius. 9. Robertus de Fremouz. 10. Walkelinus nepos Walteri de Vernun. 11. Seward. 12. Gislebertus de Venables. 13. Gaufridus de Sartes. 14. Ricardus de Mesnilwarin. 15. Walterus de Vernun. But then he concludeth thusIbid. n 60.—Et ut haec omnia essent rata & stabilia imperpetuum, ego Comes Hugo & mei Barones confirmavimus (&c.) ita quod singuli nostrum propri • manu, in testimonium posteris Signum in modum Crucis facerent; yet gives instance of no other than these (after his Son Richard, and Hervey Bishop of Bangor) viz. Ranulph his Nephew (id est, De Macaenis or Meschines, who was Earl after the death of Earl Richard) Roger Bigod, Alan de Perci, Willielmus Constabularius, Ranulphus Dapifer, Willielmus Malbanc, Robertus filius Hugonis, Hugo filius Normanni, Hamo de Masci, and Bigod de Loges.

Whether he intended that these only should be reputed his Barons, and the rest, such as held of him by Military Service (for so the word Homines doth here import) I make a question; conceiving rather, that these, and no other, were present at the sealing of that his Foundation Charter: For it is not to be doubted, but that Richard de Vernun (whose principal seat was at Shipbroc▪ and Gislebert de Venables at Kinderton, in the Conquerors Survey, called Gislebertus Venator) were at that time his Barons, as well as any of the rest.

Howbeit, having no farther light to guide me, I shall not conclude any thing positively herein; nevertheless, to manifest of what note most of them were, who are Recorded in the Conquerors General Surv •• , to have been Tenants to this Earl at that time; I will here enumerate what Lordships (or part of Lordships) they then held of him in Cheshire.

¶Robertus filius Hugonis (whose seat being at Depenbeche,Domesday, Cestrescire. now called Malpas, occasioned the title of Baron of Malpas, to be attributed to him and his Descendants) held Bedesfeld, Burwardestone, Hurdingebery, Depenbeche, Tillestone, Cristetone, Calmundeley Eghe, Hantone, Lawechedone, Dochintone, Cetelea, Brosse, Overtone, Cuntitone, Socheliche, Tusigeham, Bicheley, Bieretone, Burwardesley, Creuhalle, Tidnistane, Bristone, Bolebery, Tevertone, Spurestowe, Fentone, Sudetone, Butelege, and Coeneche.

¶William Malbedeng (whose seat was at Wiche-Malbanc, now called Nantwich) held Tatenale, Colburne, Ulvre, Wivrevene, Pol, Salhale, Landechene, Optone, Tuigvelle, Chenotebery, Eteshale, Manessel, Sprostune, Actune, Estune, Wila • estune, Warenebery, Cerletune, Merbery, Norbery, Wirc • welle, Westone, Waleretune, Santune, Burtune, Haretone, Wistanestune, Berdresford, Berdeltune, Weclestune, Bertemeleu, Essetune, Wivetesde, Ti • es • e, Steple, Wistetestune, Brunhala, Tereth, Cerlere, Bedeley, Stanlen, Copehale, Estone, Chelmundestone, Claytone, and Wepre.

¶Willielmus filius Nigelli (the same who is called Willielmus Constabularius, and had his cheif seat at Halton Castle, in Domesday Book called Heletune) held Newentone, Lee, Bruge, Clutone, Bero, Nestone, Ra • y, • apeles, Bernestone, Wareburgetone, Tatune, Mulintone, Cunetesford, Stabely, Pevre, Heletune, Westone, Estone, Norton, Evelely, Duntune, Lege, Budewrde, Witely, Golstrey, Aldredely, Lece, and Merlestone.

¶Richard de Vernun (whose seat was at Shibroc) held Estone, Pichetone, Hotone, Cochehalle, Shibroc, Survelec, Wice, Moletune, Wanetune, Deveneham Botestoch, Aldelime, Creu, Pontone, Colvintone, and Bretbery.

¶Hugo de Mara held Lee, Bruge, Radeclive, Colders, Lautune, Beveley, Gostrey, Coldecote, Pulford, Warhelle, Bosselega, Meretone, Cerdingham, and Sumreford.

¶Hamo (de Masci) whose seat was at Dunham, commonly called Dunham • Masci, held Potitone, Doneham, Bogedone, Hale, Bramale, Asceliey, Alretone, Estone, and Castretone.

¶Bigot held Ferentone, Lay, Torentune, Motburlege, No • tebery, Aldredely, Sudendune, Rode, Cogeltone, Sanbeco, Sudtune, Wibaldelay, and Wevre.

¶Gislebert de Venables (whose seat was at Kinderton, which continueth to his Descendants in the Male-line to this day) held Ecclestone, Alburgham, Torperley, Watenhale, Herford, Lime, Lege, Wimundesham, Mera, Pevre, Rodestorne, Hope, Neubold, Bretone,Id est. Cindretun • . Cinbretune, Deneport, Witune, and Glachenhale.

¶And that Robert de Roelent was also one of his Barons, considering what large possessions he then held of him, viz. Motintone, Lestone, Torintone, Gaitone, Eswelle, Thurstanstone, Calders, Metas, Walea, Nestone, Haregrave, Brochetone, Ulfeuultone, Latbroc, Bachely, and Coleselt, it is not to be doubted.

Of which Robert I am farther to observeOrd. Vit. p. 670 A B., that he was Cosin-German to Richard de Abrincis, Father to King William the Conqueror (viz. Son of Hump • rey de Telliolo, Brother of Thurstan de Goz, Father of the same Richard; and that in his youth, attending his Father into England, he was Knighted by King Edward the Confessor. Moreover, that he again came into England with this our Earl Hugh, (his near Kinsman) and was with him in that memorable Battle near Hastings in Sussex, where the valiant Norman Duke became Victor, and thenceforth King of England; as also an active Commander in all the Fights of that renowned Conqueror.

LikewiseIbid., that after this Hugh was advanced to the Earldom of Chester, he became General of all his Military Forces. And, when the Town and Castle of Rothelan in Flintshire was built by the direction of King William, to restrain the Excursions of the Welsh, that he was there setled as the utmost Bulwark against those troublesome people, and had his sirname (de Roelent) from that place. Lastly, that after many sharp skirmishes with them, adventuring himself too far with no more than one Soldier, he was unhappily slain; and that his body, being recovered by the valor of his Soldiers, was buried in the Abbey of S. Werburge at Chester, with thisIbid▪ p. 671 B C, &c. Epitaph upon his Tomb. Hoc in Mausoleo Robertus de Rodelento Conditur • umano more soli gremio; Filius Unfreni Dacorum spermate nati, Fortis & illustris iste fuit juvenis. Dapsilis & pugnax, agilis, formosus, & audax Miles in orbe fuit, vivere dum licuit. Marchio • munificus, sociisque fidelis amicus, Vt Christi sponsae paruit Ecclesiae, Presbyteros, monachos, pupillos & peregrinos Semper honorabat, largaque dona dabat. Construxit Castrum, tenuitque diu Rodelentum, Firmiter indigenis oppositum rabidis. Barbaric • s contra gentes exercuit arma Mille pericla probo sponte ferens animo. Montem Snaudunum, Fluviumque citum Coluenum, Pluribus armatis transiliit vicibus. Prae • ipuam pulchro Blideno Rege fugato, Praedam cum paucis cepit in insidiis; Duxit captivum lorisque ligavit Hoellum, Qui tunc Wallensi Rex praeerat manui. Cepit Grithfridum Regem, vicitque Trehellum, Sic micuit crebris Militiae titulis. Attamen incautè Wallenses ausus adire, Occidit aestivi principio Iulii. Prodidit Owenius, Rex est gavisus Hovellus Facta vindicta monte sub Hermaheva. Ense caput secuit Grithfridus & in mare jecit, Soma quidem reliquum possidet hunc loculum. In Claustro sancti requiescit Patris Ebrulfi, Pro meritis cujus sit sibi plena salus. Quondam robustus, jacet hîc nunc exanimatus Hinc dolor in totâ personat heu! Patria. Hic modo fit pulvis jam nil agit utilitatis; Ergo pie Lector ejus adesto memor. Hinc ut in aetherea locet arce roga prece dignâ, Cum lacrymis verum qui regit omne Deum. Christe Dei splendor, vitae dator & reparator Orbis, huic famulo propitiare tuo. Eripe Tartareis Robertum Christe camaenis, Est nimis ipse reus terge precor facinus. Parce quod ipse piam rogitans clamore Mariam Con • utus rigidis occiduit jaculis. Indulge culpas, mansuras annue gazas, Vt queat in nitidis semper inesse Choris.

Amen.

Hereunto I must addDomesday, in Cestrescire., that this Robert de Rodelent held North Wales in Ferme of King William, for the Rent of xllibr. besides those Lands there, which the King gave him in Fee, viz. Ros and Rewe • ou, extending to Twelve miles in length, and four in bredth.

¶I now come to Richard, Richard. Son to Earl Hugh. This Earl Richard, though young, stoodOrd. Vit. p. 851 A. firm to King Henry the First in his greatest distresses and dangers.

But it is reportedLel. Col. Vol. 2. p. 63 b., that through the instigation of his Wife, he was an Enemy to the Monks of S. Werburge in Chester. Perhaps they grudged at the slenderness of his bounty to them; for I find not that he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. • . p. 985. n. 30 & 60. them any more than two Houses lying within the City, and one situate without the North Gate, and the Tenth Salmon taken at the Bridge; as also the place for a Mill on this side the Bridge, with the Tithe of that Mill which is beyond the Bridge.

Howbeit, to the Abbey of S. Benedict, upon Leyre in Normandy, he gaveIbid. pag. 59 • a. n. 50. the Lordship of Mintings in Lincolnshire, which afterwards was made a Cell to that Foreign Monastery. So alsoIbid. pag. 59 • a. n. 50. the Church of S. Andrew at Mentings, and the Church of All Saints at Gauteby, with divers Lands in that County; and weddedIbid. pag. 787 C. Maud, Daughter to Stephen, Earl of Bloys, by Adela, one of the Daughters of William the Conqueror: But, he together with his Wife perishedIbid. pag. 867 D. in that lamentable Shipwrack, 7 Kal. Dec. An. 1119. (20 Hen. 1.) wherein William and Richard, twoIbid. pag. 868 A. of the Kings Sons, Otwel Ibid. pag. 870 A., Natural Brother to this Earl Richard, their Tutor; and Geffrey Ibid. pag. 870 A. Riddel, the Husband of Geva his Sister, with many other Noble Persons lost their lives [which Geva, having the Mannor of Drayton (now Drayton Basset) in Com. Staff. givenEx Cartulario D. Basset pen • s Will. Vicec. Staff. fol. 67 a. unto her by Earl Hugh her Father, was FoundressMonast. Angl. p. 439 b. n. 30. of that Monastery of Canwell, within the Precincts of that Lordship.

¶To Richard succeededOrd. Vit. p. 851 A. in the Earldom of Chester, Ranulph, Ranulph sirnamed de Bricasard, Bricasard. as he is called by some, and by others, Ranulph de Maecenis) Sisters SonIbid. pag. 871 A. to Earl Hugh, and his next Heir in Blood, by the death of Earl Richard, without issue: But, I cannot say, he enjoyed this Earldom by vertue of that his descent; for I findOrd. Vit. p. 820 B. p. 821 A. & p. 876 C, that having wedded Lucia, Sister to those Noble Brothers, Edwyne and Morkar (of whom I have made mention under the Titles of Mercia and Northumberland) he not only gaveOrd. Vit. p. 820 B. p. 821 A. & p. 876 C up those Lands of her Inheritance, in lieu thereof, but a large sum of Money besides, which was not totally paid of a good while after: For it appearsRo • . Pip. de An. 5 Regis Steph. Rot▪ 1 • . m. • . Linc., that in 5 Steph. Ranulph, Earl of Chester, (Son to this Ranulph) is certified, to be indebted to the King in a thousand pounds, De debito Patris sui, pro terrâ Hugonis Comitis.

This Ranulph, before he thus enjoyed the Earldom of Chester, wasMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 397 b n. 30 Earl of Cumberland; for so I findMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 397 b n. 30 him stiled in that Confirmation made by King William, of the Mannor of Wederhale, to the Abbey of S. Maries at York (which afterwards became a Cell to that Monastery.)

By some of our HistoriansMatth. Westm. in An. 1072. he is called Earl of Carlisle (by reason of his residence there, that being the cheif City of Cumberland,) who farther report of him, that he cameMatth. Westm. in An. 1072. over with William, Duke of Normandy, andMatth. Westm. in An. 1072. gave him effectual assistance in his Conquest of England; as also, that he beganMatth. Westm. in An. 1072. the building of the City of Carlisle, and granted diversMatth. Westm. in An. 1072. Immunities to the Inhabitants thereof: And moreover, that Ibid. King William in his return from Scotland, discerning Carlisle to be so Royal a Town, tookIbid. it from him, and gaveIbid. him this of Chester in its stead.

It is likewise recordedEx vetusta membran • penès Henr. Ferrer, quondam de Baddesley arm. of this Ranulph; that being a person of more than ordinary valor, King William the Conqueror gave him that vast Mountainous Country, called Stanemore, situate on the skirts of Yorkshire and Westmerland, then possessed by Aliens, upon condition, he could recover it out of their hands; and that, by his singular courage, having beaten out those Foreigners, he Enfeoffed his two Brothers in a large portion thereof, viz. William of Coupland, and Geffrey of Gillesland; and a multitude of others within the County of Cumberland, amongst which, one Waltheof, a Man of note in that age, as also the Morvills, and sundry persons in Anandale, whose Estates, the King at his request confirmed: But the Earldom, id est, of Cumberland, he retained to himself, with all Royalty and Dominion, for a long time, with as much power and freedom, as if there had been another King in those parts. And that after this, the King proposingIbid. to him the waging War with the Marchers in Cheshire, who had invaded a great part of that Countrey; he undertaking the work, drove them out. Whereupon he gave him that whole Province, and made him Count Palatine of it, as he had Earl Hugh: So that he thenceforth left the Earldom of Cumberland, on Miscelan. A. Glover. lib. 5. condition, that those whom he had Enfeoffed there, should hold their Lands of the King in Capite, and setled himself in Cheshire.

This Earl was Founder of the Abbey atMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 774. n. 10. Kaldra, in Cumberland; and translatedIbid. pag. 986 a. n. 30. Cart. 13 Edw. 1. m. 11. n. 38. per Inspex: the Bones of his Uncle Earl Hugh from the Churchyard, into the Chapter-House at Chester: at which time he gaveIbid. pag. 986 a. n. 30. Cart. 13 Edw. 1. m. 11. n. 38. per Inspex: to the Monks of the Abbey of S. Werburg there, the Lordship of Uptune in Cheshire. He gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 399 b. n. 60. also to the Abbey of S. Maries at York, the Church of S. Michael; and the Church of S. Laurence, belonging to his Castle at Appleby (in Westmerland.) And departingChron. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. (K. 84.) fol. 15 b. this life in the year One thousand one hundred twenty nine (29 H. 1.) was buriedEx praedicta membrana penès dictum H. Ferrers Arm. in the Abbey of S. Werburg before mentioned; leaving Issue by Lucia his Wife, DaughterOrd. Vit. p. 820 B. p. 822 A. p. 876 C. Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 304 b. n. 60. pag. 305 a. p. 306 a. n. 40. pag. 308 b. to Algar, sometime Earl of Mercia (as I have elswhere shewed) two Sons, viz. Ranulph and William; and two Daughters, Alice, WifeW. Gemet. lib 8. cap. 38. to Richard Fitz-Gilbert, Ancestor to the Old Earls of Clare, and Agnes Ord. Vit. p. 692 A. of Robert de Grent-Maisnil.

Which Lucia, surviving him, in 5 Steph. paidRot. Pip. 5 Steph. Lincol. 〈◊〉 . Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 809 a. • 60. to the King Cclxvi l. xiii s. iiii d. for Livery of her Fathers Lands; and likewise Rot. Pip. 5 Steph. Lincol. 〈◊〉 . Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 809 2. • 60. Five hundred marks fine, to the end, she might not be compelled to marry again within the space of five years.

To the Nuns of Stikeswould (in Lincolnshire) she haveRot. Pip. 5 Steph. Lincol. 〈◊〉 . Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 809 2. • 60. Seven Carucates, and Four Ox-gangs of Land, lying in Huntendon: And confirmedIbid. p. 871 a. n. 50. to the Priory of Spalding, in the same County, the Mannor of Spalding, which Ivo Talboys, her first Husband, had formerly given to the Monks of S. Nicholas at Angiers in France; unto which Monastery, this of Spalding was a Cell, where she afterwards had 〈…〉 Sepulture.

Ranulph, Son to the last Ranulph, succeeding in the Earldom of Chester, being for distinction from his Father, called 〈…〉 . Ranulph de Gernons; was a Man of great action in his days, especially in Martial Affairs, in that turbulent time of King Stephens Reign, taking part with Maud the Empress, and her Son Henry, Duke of Normandy (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the Second) to whom, he was by affinity nearly Allied; for he had weddedW Gemet. p 313 C. Ch • o Nor. p. 989 C. Maud, Daughter of Robert, sirnamed Consul, Earl of Gloce •• er, one of the Illegitimate Sons to King Henry the First; which Robert, was (by his Father) Brother to the Empress.

In 6 Steph. (6 Steph.) this Earl Ranulph de Gernons seised H. Hu • t. p. 223 b. n. 20. upon Lincoln by subtilty,An. 1141. and manned it on behalf of the Empress: Whereupon the King laid siegeIbid. to it about Christmass, and continued it, till this stout Earl, with Robert, Earl of Glocester, (his Father-in-Law) and many other of the English Nobility came, at Candlemass to raise it: Who, then passingIbid. n. 30. the Fen (as in those days it was) with no little difficulty, disposed their Army into four parts, the Van ledIbid. n. 30. by himself; which being put in Battle Array, he madeIbid. n. 30. a bold Oration to the Soldiers, manifesting the cause of that their undertaking; and of his own resolution to lead them on, being therein seconded Ibid. n. 40 • by the Earl of Glocester: Howbeit, before these Speeches were fullyGer • . Do • obern. col. 1353. n. 30. ended, the fight began, and the charge on the part of these Earls, given with suchGer • . Do • obern. col. 1353. n. 30. courage, that the Royal Army was soon routedGer • . Do • obern. col. 1353. n. 30., and the King himself being taken prisonerH Hunt p. 224 b. n. 30 & 40. sentIbid. 225 a. to the Castle of Bristol, there to be secured, where he continued not long: For though the Empress upon this success, gettingS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30. 40 & 50. together all the strength she could make (the KingS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30. 40 & 50. of Scots also coming to her aid) marchedS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30. 40 & 50. to Winchester, and laid siegeS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30. 40 & 50. to that Castle, which the Kings Forces then held: Yet through the perfidiousness of this Earl, who leaving her, fledS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30. 40 & 50. to the adverse party; her Army became soon foiledS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30. 40 & 50., and the Earl of Glocester a prisonerS. Dunelm. col • 70. n. 30, 40 & 50.; for whose enlargement, the King wasIbid. n. 10 & 20. set at liberty.

After this, in 9 Steph. the King came to besiege Ibid. n. 50. Lincoln again, and beganIbid. n. 50. to build a Fort against the Castle, which being discerned by this Earl then within it, he issuedIbid. n. 50. out upon the Workmen before they had perfected their design; and destroyingIbid. n. 50. many of them, necessitated the King to draw off his Army; which within a short space after, so much increasedGesta Reg. Steph. fol. 968 C. Ibid. D., that our Earl seeing the tide to turn, began to consult his own safety: And for the better ingratiating himself with the King, not only broughtGesta Reg. Steph. fol. 968 C. Ibid. D. in all his Forces, but with those alone tookGesta Reg. Steph. fol. 968 C. Ibid. D. Bedford by Assault (which had always set light by the Royal Authority) and deliveredGesta Reg. Steph. fol. 968 C. Ibid. D. it into the Kings hands.

And, besides all this, in 11 Steph. 11 Steph. whenR. Hov • d. pag 28 a. n. 50. the King sate down with his Army before the Castle of Wallingford, An. 1146. he cameR. Hov • d. pag 28 a. n. 50. in to him with no less than Three hundred well-appointed Horse, and there stedfastly continued until a most impregnable Fort was raisedR. Hov • d. pag 28 a. n. 50. for the close besieging that Garrison, which had much annoyed the Countrey by frequent excursions.

But notwithstanding all this, the King durst not trust him, considering his former actings; so that unlessIbid. he would deliver up the Castle of Lincoln, and all other places of strength then in his power, it was resolvedIbid. he should be secured; which being afterwards accordingly done Ibid. at Northampton, he was by the Kings command laid hold on, and castIbid. into prison. Howbeit, givingGesta Reg. Steph. p. 971 C. Hostages, and making Oath, that he would no more be disobedient, he had free permission Gesta Reg. Steph. p. 971 C. to enjoy the benefit of his Earldom.

Yet,12 Steph. no sooner was heat liberty, than, neglecting his Oath,An. 1147. heIbid. D. began to flie out again; seising Ibid. D. upon the Kings Castles, some by fraud, and some by force. Howbeit, coming to Lincoln, expecting to take it by assault, he was repulsed Ibid. pag. 972 A. R. Hoved p. 280 b. with much loss. Thence therefore he hasted to his Castle at 〈◊〉 , whereof finding the Kings Forces possessed, he presently raised a strong Fort to besiege them; but the King hearing of it,Gesta Reg. Steph. p. 972 A. made all speed he could to relieve it: In which attempt, divers of his men were slainGesta Reg. Steph. p. 972 A. and wounded, and the King himselfGesta Reg. Steph. p. 972 A. hurt; yet, after a while, having gotten more strength, he again adventuredIbid. B., and then utterly routed them. In which action, many lostIbid. B. their lives, our Earl himself notIbid. B. escaping without Wounds.

About this time there hapningHistory of Wale • , by D. 〈◊〉 , p. 202. some variance betwixt this Earl Ranulph and Owen, Prince of North Wales. Ranulph gatheredHistory of Wale • , by D. 〈◊〉 , p. 202. a power of his friends and hired Soldiers from all parts of England, and with the helpHistory of Wale • , by D. 〈◊〉 , p. 202. of Madoc ap Meredyth, Prince of Powys (who disdained to hold his Lands of Owen) entred North Wales. But Owen meeting them at • ounsyth • , gave them Battle, and utterly routedHistory of Wale • , by D. 〈◊〉 , p. 202. all their Army.

After this, s • il. in An. 1150. (15 Steph.) this Earl assistedS Dunel • . col 277. n. 50. at the Knighting of young Henry, Duke of Normandy, at Car • eol, by David King of Scotland; and there came to an Agreement with that King, touching • arleol, which he claimed as his Hereditary Right, and did him homage for it; it being then said, That instead of Carleol, he should have the Honor of Lancaster; and that his Son should marry one of the Daughters of Henry, Son to the King of Scotland. Whereupon they all agreeing to march with what power they had against King Stephen, the King of Scots, and young Henry, advancedIbid. pag. 27 • . with their Forces to Lancaster, expecting to have met this Earl there with his (as he promised) but he failedIbid. pag. 27 • . them.

And the next year following,16 Steph. betakingIb. n. 40 & 50. himself to his wonted treacherous courses, was laid Ib. n. 40 & 50. hold on by King Stephen; and through very strait imprisonment put toIb. n. 40 & 50. great misery; nor could he obtain any liberty, until he had yielded Ib. n. 40 & 50. up Lincoln, and all his strong Holds into the Kings hands, and givenIb. n. 40 & 50. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Glocester (his Nephew) for an Hostage. Howbeit, after he had by that means got his enlargement, he performed nothingIb. n. 40 & 50. of what he promised, but exposedIb. n. 40 & 50. his Hostage to danger; and for regaining his Castles, didIb. n. 40 & 50. his utmost to recal young Henry out of Normandy.

Thus we see how restless this stout Earl was in that quarrel of the Empress and her Son; yet before his death he grew more calm, as may appear by those amicable ArticlesEx ipso A • togr. In Bibl. Cotton. (Vin • pag. 〈◊〉 .) of Agreement made betwixt him and Robert, then Earl of Leicester, at that time one of the Kings most firm Champions, in the presence of Robert, then Bishop of Lincoln, and their own respective Retinues; viz. On the Earl of Chesters part, Richard de Lovetot, William Fitz-Nigel, and Ranulph, his Sheriff; and on the Earl of Leicesters part, Ern • ld de Bois, Geffrey Abbot, and Reginald de Bordiney; the substance whereof were as followeth, viz.

I. THat the Earl of Leicester should thenceforth possess Mountsorel Castle to be held of Earl Ranulph, and his Heirs; upon condition, that he should receive Earl Ranulph and his Retinue into the Borough and Fort there, upon occasion: And in case of necessity, that Earl Ranulph himself should lodge in the Castle.

II. That if the King should command the Earl of Leicester to assist him, against Earl Ranulph, that he must not take with him above twenty Men at Arms. And in case, the Earl of Leicester take any thing from Earl Ranulph in that service, faithfully to restore it.

III. Likewise, that the Earl of Leicester should not, upon any occasion damnifie Earl Ranulph, except he sent him a Defiance fifteen days before.

IV. That he should assist Earl Ranulph against all Men, excepting the King, and Earl Simon; yea, against Earl Simon also, in case, that he do Earl Ranulph any wrong, and not make recompence for it, upon request made by the Earl of Leicester.

V. That he should do his utmost to defend all the Earl of Chesters Lands and Possessions, which were within his power.

VI. Moreover, that Raunston Castle should be demolished, unless Earl Ranulph should be otherwise content. And if any person should hold that Castle against the Earl of Leicester, Earl Ranulph to give his real assistance for the destroying it.

VII. That if Earl Ranulph should have cause of Action against William de Alneto, the Earl of Leice • ter should bring him to tryal in his Court, so long as he should hold any Lands of him. And in case the said William shall recede from his fidelity unto the Earl of Leicester, for demolishing that Castle; or, for bringing him to such Tryal in his Court, Earl Ranulph not to give William de Alneto any protection.

By this Accord also, the Earl of Leicester was to have the Castle of Witewic (belonging to Earl Ranulph) fortified.

¶The like Covenants were on the part of Earl Ranulph unto the Earl of Leicester; and that he should assist him against all men, except the King, and Robert, Earl Ferrers. Also as to the razing of Raunston Castle, if any one should hold it against the Earl of Leicester.

¶Furthermore, it was agreed, That neither of them should erect any new Castle betwixt Hinkley and Coventrey; nor betwixt Hinkley and Hacareshul, nor betwixt Coventrey and Donington, nor betwixt Donington and Leicester, nor at Gateham, nor at Kinolton, nor nearer: Nor▪ betwixt Kinolton and Belvoir, nor betwixt Belvoir and Okeham, nor betwixt Okeham and Rokingham, nor nearer, unless by the mutual assent of both. Likewise, That if any man should erect a Castle in those places, or within those Precincts, each to assist other for the demolishing it.

And for the better observance of this Accord, they engaged themselves each to other by Oath, in the presence of the Bishop of Linco • n, That if either of them should recede therefrom, and not make satisfaction within fifteen days upon request, that the Bishops of Lincoln and Chester should do justice upon them as Faithbreakers.

Moreover, it appears, that this Earl granted Ex Vet. Cartulario Lirensis Caenobii unto Robert, Earl of Leicester, and his Heirs, the Lordship of Cerneley Vulgo Charley., and all the Woods adjacent thereto, adjoyning to his Forest of Leicester; as well those of his Fee, as his own proper Woods, excepting his Park at Barow; to hold and enjoy the same as Forest, in as ample manner, as he held the Forest of Leicester of the King. So also, whatsoever he had in the City of Leicester, both in Demesn, and of his Fee.

And as the Earl of Leicester and he did thus capitulate (as hath been observed) so most certain it is, that King Stephen himself at length came to a good accord with him, and received him into no little favor and trust; for by his special CharterEx ipso A • togr▪ nuper in Castello de Pontefract, sicut ex Collectan. Rob. Glove • i Somers. plenè liquet. it appears, that he bestowed on him the Castle and City of Lincoln, to enjoy until he should be restored to his Lands in Normandy, and Castles there: And thereupon gave him leave to fortifie one of the Towers in Lincoln Castle, and to have the command thereof, until he should deliver unto him the Castle of Tikhill (in Yorkshire.) Which being done, then the King to have the City and Castle of Lincoln again, excepting the Earls own Tower, which his Mother had fortified; as also the Constableship of that Castle, and of the whole County, which belonged to him by Hereditary right (as are the words of the Charter.) Moreover, besides all this, the King then granted to him the Castle of Belvoir, with the whole Barony thereto belonging, and all the Land of William de Albini (Lord of Belvoir) of whomsoever he held it; and likewise, Graham Id est, Grantham in Com. Lanc. with the Soke: And though the Heirs of Graham should come to an Agreement with the King, yet the Barony to remain to this Earl, the King giving them exchange for it. By this Charter also, the King granted to him and his Heirs, Newcastle in Staffordshire, with all the Appurtenances; the Soke of Roeley in Leicestershire, Torkesey (in Lincolnshire) the Town of Derby West Derby in Com. Lanc., with the Appurtenances; Mansfield (in Com. Nott.) with the Appurtenances; Stonely (in Warwickshire) with the Appurtenances; the Wapentake of Oswarbeck (in Nottinghamshire) and all the Lands of Roger de Busly, with the whole Honor of Blithe In Com. Ebor. & Nott., as it is set forth. Likewise all the Lands of A younger Son to Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury. Roger de Poictou, from Northampton to Scotland, excepting that which belongeth to Roger de Montebegon, in Lincolnshire. Likewise, all the Lands betwixt the Rivers of Ribble and Merse (in Lancashire) and the Land which he had in Demesne in the Mannor of Grimesby (in Com. Linc.) As also the Lands which the Earl of Glocester had in Demesne within that Mannor of Grimesby. And lastly, for the special respect that the King bore unto him, he not only restored to Adelais de Condie all her Lands, viz. Hornecastre (in Lincolnshire) when the Castle should be demolished; but all his own other Lands.

Yet notwithstanding all hath been said, this Earl was so real an honorer of Henry, Duke of Normandy, that he often adventured his life and fortune on his behalf: And that the said Duke did highly esteem of him, this memorable Charter which he Sealed at the Devizes in Wiltshire, will abundantly manifest; whereby he • granted unto him all his Inheritance in Normandy and England, as freely as any of his Ancestors held the same, viz.

Ex • pso Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. The Castles of Uire and Barbifleet, with such Liberty, that through the whole Precinct thereof, he might take his forfeits; as also the Wood of Fosses and Alebec, and that for which • e was Sheriff of Abrincis, and in S. James, whereof he had made him Earl. Likewise whatsoever he had in Abrinchem he thereby gave unto him, excepting the Bishoprick, and the Abbacy of Mount S. Michael, and what belonged unto them. Moreover, all the Honor (id est, the Barony) of Earl Roger de Poictou, wheresoever it lay; and all the Honor of Blithe, wheresoever in England. As also the whole Honor of Eye, which Robert Malet, his Mothers Vncle did ever enjoy.

Furthermore, he gave him Stafford, and the whole County of Stafford, and whatsoever he had of Inheritance there, except the Fees of the Bishop of Chester, of Earl Robert de Ferrers, of Hugh de Mortimer, and of Gervase Paganell; and excepting also his Forest of Cano • , which he retained in his own hand.

Likewise, he gave unto him the Fee of Alan de Lincolne, his Mothers Vncle; and the Fee of Ernise de Burun, as his own Inheritance; and the Fees of Hugh de Scotiney, Robert de Chalz, Raphe Fitz-Oats; Norman de Verdun, and Robert de Staford, wheresoever any of them lay. Besides all these, he gave to him and his Heirs Thirty pound Lands in Grimesby; as also Nottingham Castle, with the Borough, and whatsoever he had in Nottingham. And all the Fee of William Peverell wheresoever it lay, excepting Higham, unless he could acquit himself of his wickedness and treason, by a fair tryal in Court. Moreover, if Ingelram de Albemarle would not take his part, nor Earl Simon, he gave Higham, to this Earl Ranulph, in case he would accept thereof; as also Torchesey and Oswardebeck Wapentake;West Derby in Com. Lan • . Derby with all its Appurtenances; Mansfield, with the Soke; Roeley with the Soke; and Stanley (near Coventrey) with the Soke; promising him farther, that so soon as he should be in power, he should have a tryal for Belvoir.

Besides all this, he gave unto Six of his Barons, whom he should chuse, One hundred pound Land per annum to each, viz: Of that which should happen to be gained from his enemies: And to all their Parents, that Inheritance which was in his power; and what was not at present, he promised to do them right in, whensoever he should be able. Vnto which Charter these were Witnesses, viz. William the Chancellor, Reginald Earl of Cornwall, Roger Earl of Hereford, Patrick Earl of Salisbury, Umfrey de Buhun Sewer, ... Fitz-Gilbert, Richard de Humet Constable, Warin Fitz-Gerold, Robert de Curcey Sewer, Manasser Bisse • Sewer, Philip de Columbers: And on th • part of Earl Ranulph, William Earl of Lincolne, Hugh Wac, G. Castell de Fines, Simon Fitz-William, Thurstan de Montfert, Geffrey de Costentine, William de Verdun, Richard Boteler, Roger Wac, and Simon Fitz-Osbert.

This Earl gaveEx magno Registro in O •• icio Ducatus Lanc. to William, Earl of Lincoln, (his Brother by the Mother) the Lordship of Watteley, to hold by the Service of two Knights Fees.

Having now done with his Secular Actions, I come lastly to his Works of Piety, which were great and many.

He was the devout FounderMonast. Anglic Vol. 1. p. 820 b. n. 50. of a Monastery for Cistercian Monks, in a place called Radmore, within the Forest of 〈◊〉 in Staffordshire; which afterwards, for exchange of those Lands wherewith it was endowed, King Henry the Second, with Maud the Empress (his Mother) translatedIb. p. 821 a. n. 20, &c. to Stonely, in Warwickshire,

He was also FounderMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 260 a. n. 50. & p. 260 b. n. 20. of the Priory of Tr • ntham in Staffordshire, for Canons Regular of S. Augustines Order.

To the Monks of S. Werburge at Chester, he grantedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 986 b. n. 60. & p. 987 a., that their Fairs and Markets there, should be held at the Gate of their Abbey. And moreover, gaveIbid. n. 30. unto them the Tenth of all his Rents in that City of Ches ••• . As also, the Ibid. pag. 987 a. Tithes of all his Mills there, and of his Mill at Leeke in Staffo • dshire; and likewise, the Ibid. n. 20. Lordships of Estham and Brunneburgh in perpetual Alms, for satisfaction of what injuries he had ever done them.

To the Nuns at Chester, he gaveIbid. pag. 507 b. certain Crofts which Hugh Fitz-Oliver then held of him.

To the Abbey of Geroudon in Leicestershire, he gaveIbid. pag. 769 a. n. 20. the Mannor of Barow in that County.

To the Monks of Louth-Park in Lincolnshire, he gaveIbid. pag. 805 b. n. 20. Lands in Tetteney.

To the Monks of S. Peters at Glocester Ibid. pag. 118 a., Forty pounds yearly Rent out of his Mill at Oiney.

To theIbid. pag. 383 b. Abbey of Shrewsbury, two Houses in ••• indred Wiche, and as much Salt as they could there make, without Toll.

To theIbid. pag. 433 a. n. 10. Nuns of • larkenwell (near London) divers Lands, expressed within Meets and Bounds, lying beyond the Bridge at Chester.

To theIbid. pag. 720 b. n. 30 & 40. Monks of Basingwerke in Flintshire, One hundred shillings yearly Rent of his Rents at Chester; likewiseIbid. pag. 720 b. n. 30 & 40. 〈◊〉 and Ful • r • ke, and the Chappel of Basingwer • e, in which they at first were seated, with the Mills there.

ToMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 233 b. n. 40. the Canons of S. Augustine at Bristol, he gave the Mannor of Fi • hide in Dorsetshire; andMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 233 b. n. 40. the Churches of S. Leonard, S. Nicholas, and Alhallows, within the Town of Bristol.

ToIb. p. 312 a. the Canons of S. Augustine at Leicester, two Carucates of Land in • oely, with a Meadow adjoyning; as alsoIbid. n. 40. the Church of Barow, with the Chappel of Querndon, and one Carucate of Land in Barow and Querndon.

To theIbid. pag. 548 a. n. 10. Knights Hospitalars of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, one Messuage, and one Acre of Land in Frodesham, with the Church of Colkesby.

And toIbid. pag. 809 b. n 10. the Nuns of Stikeswould in Lincolnshire, one Carucate and two Bovates of Land in Baresfon.

To the Monks of Coventrey, he gaveCart. 22 Ed. 3. n. 6. per Inspe • . liberty to have two Carts, going to and fro twice every day, excepting Festivals, into his Woods, to fetch thence whatsoever they should need, either in relation to the repair of their Buildings, Fewel for their Fire, or Trouse for their Hedges.

And departedMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. p. 280 b. n. 20. this life the 17 Kal. of Ian. An. 1153. (18 Steph.)Mat West. in eodem anno Gerv. Dorob. col. 1374. n 40. being poysoned by William Peverel, and others, as it was suspected (for which crime, Perverel was disheritedMat West. in eodem anno Gerv. Dorob. col. 1374. n 40. by King Henry the Second, soon after) and was buried Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 309. l 3. near his Father (scil. in the Chapter-house of the Abbey of S. Werburge at Chester. He was Gerv. Dorob ut • upra. a person of extraordinary valor, and undanted courage; andGerv. Dorob ut • upra. though he favored the Cause of Duke Henry, he did little for him; but for King Stephen nothing at all.

Some great injury, it should seem, he had done to Walter Durdent, Bishop of Chester, and to the Church; for which he diedEx vet. exemplar • in bag • de diversis Inquis penès Thes. & Camera • . Scac. excommunicate: For I find, that Earl Hugh his Son, with Maud his Widow, gaveEx vet. exemplar • in bag • de diversis Inquis penès Thes. & Camera • . Scac. the Town of Se • v ••• ale, near Cove • trey; with a Mill next to the Park, and some Grounds thereabouts, to that Bishop and his Successors for his Absolution, and the health of his Soul, in recompence thereof. Which Maud was Daughter W. Gemet. p. 313 C. of Robert Consul, Earl of Gloces • er, and FoundressMonast Anglic. Vol. 2. p 280 b. n 20. of the Priory of Repandun (Vulg. • epton) in Derb • shire; by whom he left Issue, two Sons,Ibid. Hugh and Richard, and surviving him in 32 Hen. 2. heldRot de Dominabus pueris & pu • llis. the Lordship of 〈◊〉 in Dowry.

¶To this last Earl Ranulph, succeeded Hugh, sirnamed Keveliok, Hugh Keveliok. (or rather, in Merionithshire▪ History of Wales by D. • owel, p 295. Cyvelioc, of that Countrey in Powys, wherein he was born) his eldest Son, of whose Actions,An. 1173. the first mention I find, is, That in 10 Hen. 2. he wasEx Regist. Ar • hiep Ca • t. • inter Co • lectanea R. Gloveri S. Heraldi decerptum. one of those Temporal Lords who came to an accord with the King for their ancient Rights and Liberties: And after this, that being for some just and probable Causes disheritedRad. de Diceto, p. 570. n. 20 & 30. Jo • val. p. 1080 b & pag. 1085. n 20 & 30. by King Henry the Second, he joynedRad. de Diceto, p. 570. n. 20 & 30. Jo • val. p. 1080 b & pag. 1085. n 20 & 30. with the King of Scots, the Earl of Leicester, and others, in their Rebellion at that time; takingRad. de Diceto, p. 570. n. 20 & 30. Jo • val. p. 1080 b & pag. 1085. n 20 & 30. part with young King Henry (whom the King had Crowned.) The true causeRad. de Diceto, p. 570. n. 20 & 30. Jo • val. p. 1080 b & pag. 1085. n 20 & 30. of that their Insurrection, being for that the King had endeavored to restrain the Insolencies and Oppressions at that time exercised by the great Men; which he did byRad. de Diceto, p. 570. n. 20 & 30. Jo • val. p. 1080 b & pag. 1085. n 20 & 30. demolishing their Castles, or taking them into his own hands.

The issue whereof was, that this Earl, with the Earl of Leicester, and the king of Scots, their Abettor, was takenChron Eve • ham. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. (K. 84) sol. 27 a. at Alnwick: But the young King, being (ere long) reconciledMa • . Westm. in An. 1173. to his Father, they were enlarged; for it is evident, that the year following, they broke out a fresh, both in England and France; and that this Hugh was one of the most forward, having got R. Hoved. fol 306 a. n 30 the greatest part of Britanny into his power: At which time, the King being at Roan, sent Forces thither, which gave them BattleIbid. n 40., and scattered all their power; insomuch, as he was constrained to betakeIbid. n 40. himself unto the Castle of D • le: Whereof the King having notice, he presently marchedIbid pag. 307 b. in person thither, and begirt it; so that the besieged discerning their condition, were glad to renderIbid. pag. 307 b. it, and put themselves upon mercy: Whereupon this Earl, and divers more, were sent prisonersIbid. n 20. to Faleise in Normandy, and thence broughtIbid. pag. 308 a n. 3 • . over into England; where, being put in safeIbid. pag. 308 a n. 3 • . custody, he continued till the Kings return into Normandy; at which time he tookIbid. n. 40. him back, and sent him againIbid. n. 40. to Faleise.

But before the Three and twentieth of this Kings Reign, the flames of Rebellion were throughly quenched, and the haughty spirits of those their Ring-leaders somewhat tamed, so that then the King began to manifest his clemency to them again; for in his Parliament at Northampton, An. 1177. (23 Hen. 2.) he made Ibid. p. 320. n. 30. restitution of their Lands, whereof they had been possessed Fifteen days before the War.

Unto the Abbey of Bordes • ey in Worcestershire (Founded by Maud the Empress, his Mothers Aunt) this Earl was a good Benefactor; for he bestowedEx ipso Autogr. penès Will. Sheldon de Beoiey Ar. An. 1638. thereon his Lordship of Cumbe (in Glocestershire) to maintain Six Monks there perpetually, for the health of his Soul, the Souls of Earl Ranulph his Father, Robert, Earl of Glocester, his Grand-father, his Mothers, and all Christian Souls. And to the Monks of Coventrey he made a most ample ConfirmationCart. 22 Ed. 3. n. 6. per Inspex. of whatsoever had been granted to them; warranting their enjoyment thereof, as free from any impediment or molestation, by him or his heirs, as their first Founder held the same: Forbidding all his Officers to entermeddle within the Precincts of that Monastery, or in their Soil or Market, without leave and freedom from those Monks. Moreover, to the end, Posterity should not be ignorant how far their Bounds did extend, he there punctually sets them forth; whereby that which is called the Priors Part might be known from the rest of Coventrey, called the Earls Part.

And departedChro. MS. in Bibl. Cotton. (Domitian A. 8.) fol. 85 b. this life at Leeke (in Staffordshire) in the year 1181.An. 1181. (27 Hen. 2.) leaving issue byChro. MS. in Bibl. Cotton. (Domitian A. 8.) fol. 85 b. Bertra his Wife, Daughter to ... Earl of Eureux, Ranulph Chron. Evesham, (ut s • pra) f. 28 b. his Son and Successor in this Earldom, and four Daughters; viz. Maud Hist. MS. Johan. Tinemuth in Bibl. Bodl. cap. 58. married to David, Earl of Angus, Mabel Hist. MS. Johan. Tinemuth in Bibl. Bodl. cap. 58. to William de Albini, Earl of Arundel, Agnes Hist. MS. Johan. Tinemuth in Bibl. Bodl. cap. 58. to William de Ferrers, Earl of D • rby; and Hawys Hist. MS. Johan. Tinemuth in Bibl. Bodl. cap. 58. to Robert Quincy, Son to Saier de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, (of whom I shall have occasion to say more anon.)

Of which, Bertra his Widow, it appearsRot. de Dominabus pue • is & puellis 〈◊〉 Sccac penès Remem. Reg. • ub tit. Linc. Rot. 1., that she was but Twenty nine years of age, in 32 Hen. 2. (viz. five years after his death) also, that her Dowry lay beyond Sea, and that King Henry the Second, as an additional support, allowed her the Lordships of Beltesford, Hemingby, and Dunington in Lincolnshire, (part of her late Husbands Lands) then esteemed at xl l. per annum.

But besides these, it is certain that he had another Daughter called Amicia, married to Raphe de Mesnilwarin (a person of a very ancient Family, and Justice of Chester, in those days) whose Legitimacy is doubted by some; the cheif reason they give for it, being, that they find no Memorial, that Earl Hugh her Father had a former Wife.

That she was his Daughter, sufficiently appeareth, not only from his GrantEx ipso Autogr. penè • Tho. Mainwaring de Peover, • aronettum. of two Knights Fees with her in Frank-marriage, unto Raphe de Mesnilwarin before mentioned, where he so termeth her: But by another DeedIbid. of Roger de Mesnilwarin her Son, wherein he calls Ranulph, Earl of Chester, (Son to this Earl) his Uncle.

As to her Legitimacy, therefore I do not well understand how there can be any question, it being a known Maxim in Law, that nothing can be given in Frank-marriage to a Bastard.

The Point being then thus briefly cleared, I shall not need to raise farther Arguments from Probabilities to back it, then to desire it may be observed, that Bertra (whom I conclude to have been his second Wife) was married to him, when he was in years, and she, herself, very young, as is evident from what I have before instancedRot. de Dominabus pueris & puellis, ut supra. ▪ So that he having been Earl no less then twenty eight years, it must necessarily follow, that this Bertra was not born, till four years after he came to the Earldom. Nor is it any marvel he should then take such a young Wife, having at that time no Issue-male to succeed him in this his great Inheritance.

¶I come now to Earl Ranulph the Third, commonly calledHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 295. Ranulph Blundevil, Ranulph Bl • ndevil. or rather Blandevil, becauseHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 295. he was born in a Town called Album Monasterium in Powys (now Oswestre.)

In An. 1188. (34 Hen. 2.) this Earl was made a KnightChro. Evesham, ut supra) fol. 29 b. by King Henry the Second, and had in marriageChro. Evesham, ut supra) fol. 29 b. then given him by the same King, Constance, Countess of Britanny, Daughter R. Hoved. fol. 361 b. n. 10. and Heir to Conan, Earl of Britanny, Widow Chro Evesham, ut supra. to Geffrey, one of the Sons to King Henry the Second. Cum Chro Evesham, ut supra. tota Britanniâ, & Comitatu Richmundiae; whereupon, in most of his Charters he stiledCa • t. • 2 E. 3. n. 6. per Infpex. himself, Dux Britanniae, Comes Cestriae, & Richmundiae.

The first of his memorable exploits, that I have met with, is, That in 4 Rich. 1. he assisted David R. Hoved. in A. 1194 fol. • 18 b. n. 20., Brother to the King of Scots, and the Earl Ferrers, in the Siege of Mar •• orough, (then heid, as many other strong places were, for Iohn, Earl of Morecon, the Kings Brother) which within few days wasR. Hoved. in A. 1194 fol. • 18 b. n. 20. rendred. After this, scil. in 6 Rich. 1. that he joyned with the same David, and the Earl Ferrers, in besieging the Castle of Nottingham, 6 Rich. 1. Which Castle, the same Iohn, Earl of Moreton, had fortified R. Hoved. in A. 1194 fol. • 18 b. n. 20. at that time when King Richard was prisoner in Almaine.

The same year also he wasRot. Pip. 6 R. • . 〈◊〉 . & Bedf. with the Army of King Richard in Normandy.

That he had great esteem with that Heroick Prince, I need not seek for many instances; that which hath been already said, and his bearing R. Hoved. fol. 420 b. one of the Three Swords, at his Second Coronation, sufficiently manifesting his eminent Merits.

But in 1 Ioh. he forsookLel. Col. • ol 1. p. 769. • hro. Evesham, fol. 37 b. his lawful Wife, Constance, by reasonLel. Col. • ol 1. p. 769. • hro. Evesham, fol. 37 b. that the King haunted her company; and being divorced from her by his Lel. Col. • ol 1. p. 769. • hro. Evesham, fol. 37 b. advice and example (as is well known) wedded Ex magno Regist • o MS. in Officio Ducat. Lanc. fol. 1. Cart. 4 Jo • . m. 4. Clemencia, Daughter of Raphe de Feugers, WidowEx magno Regist • o MS. in Officio Ducat. Lanc. fol. 1. Cart. 4 Jo • . m. 4. of Alan Dinant, with whom he had not only great Lands in France, granted in Frank-marriage, but also the Mannor ofEx magno Regist • o MS. in Officio Ducat. Lanc. fol. 1. Cart. 4 Jo • . m. 4. Belsington in Kent, and Iplepen Claus. 15 Joh. m▪ 5. in Devonshire; William de Humet, Constable of Normandy, givingOblat. 1 Jo • . m. 9. the King CCI. to be paid in England, for license that this his Neece might marry thus. After which, she marriedLel. Coll. Vol. l. p. 36 • . to Guy de Tuaz; Brother to the Vicount of Tuaz.

In 3 Ioh. the Castle of Similly (in Normandy) was committedPa • . 3 Joh▪ m. 4. to his custody, Howbeit, in 4 Ioh. (upon Friday in Easter week) the King being told,Rot. No • . 4 Joh. 〈…〉 2. that this Earl, with some others, intended to desert him, cameRot. No • . 4 Joh. 〈…〉 2. to the Castle of Uire, where he repairedRot. No • . 4 Joh. 〈…〉 2. to him, and so excusedIbid. the matter, that the King, with those who then attended him, seemed well satisfiedIbid.; but would not longer trust him with that Castle of Simily, without sufficient Pledges for his Fidelity: So that he was necessitated to procureIbid. his friend William de Humet, then Constable of Normandy, and R. Constable of Chester, upon penalty of forfeiting all the Fees he held of him, for his faithful custody thereof.

In 6 Ioh. he had a GrantPat. 6 Joh. 〈◊〉 . 3. from the King of all the Lands, Fees, and Liberties belonging to the Honor of Richmund, which Geffrey, Earl of Britanny, held in Richmundshire; excepting Nine Knights Fees, a half, and quarter, which the King retained in his own hands; whereof Ro • ld, Constable of Richmund held.

In the same year he gaveRot. Fin. 6 Joh. m. 7. the King a Palfrey, for a Lamprey (which shews of what high estimation that sort of Fish was in those days.)

In 12 Ioh. he re-edifiedHistory of Wales, by D. • owel, p. 262. the Castle of Dyganwy in Wales, standing on the Sea shore, East of the River Conwey, which Prince Lewellin had destroyed; and fortifiedHistory of Wales, by D. • owel, p. 262. the Castle of Treffynnon, or S. Winifrid.)

In 13 Ioh. he answeredRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Everw •• se. for no less than Forty Knights Fees, and an half, for the Honor of Richmund, which he possest in right of Constance his Wife.

This was that Earl, who marching into Wales, too slenderly attended, was necessitated for refuge, to betake himself unto Rothelan Castle; and by the means of the rabble which the Constable of Chester thereupon got together in great numbers, through the allurement of those Minstrels then met at Chester Fair, was delivered from the danger wherein he so fell: The particulars of which story, I have fully related in my discourse of Roger de Laci, Baron of▪ Ponte • ract, and Constable of Chester.

Moreover, in 15 Ioh. he wasClaus. 15 Joh. in dorso m. 1. one of those that attended the King into • oictou.

In 16 Io • . inLel. Coll. Vol. 2. p. 356. the Parliament then held at London, he rebukedLel. Coll. Vol. 2. p. 356. the King for violating the Wives and Daughters of the Nobility; and joyned with William Mare • chal, and the Bishops of Winchester and Norwich, in that undertaking, Mat. Paris, in eodem Anno, p. 249. l. 2 • . for the payment of the sum of Forty thousand marks unto the Archbishop of Canterbury, and others, upon relaxation of the Interdict, under which the Kingdom then stood.

In 17 Ioh. he hadPat. 17 Joh. m 3. the Castle and Honor of Lanca • ter; with the CastleIbid. m. 17. of Peek in Derbishire, committed to his charge; and was one of those Loyal Peers, who firmly adhered Mat. Paris, in eodem An. p 255. l. 8. to the King, when many other put themselves in Arms against him, under pretence of asserting the Laws of the Realm, and Liberties of the People.

In the same year also, he had a GrantCart. 17 Joh. n. 25. from the King, of the Castle and Mannor of Newcastle under Line, to hold by the Service of one Knights Fee. And likewise, the custodyPat. 17 Joh. m. 19. of all the Lands of Simon de Montfort, with the Forests, to the use of the same Simon.

In 18 Ioh. he had the custodyPat. 18 Joh. m. 4. of the County of Salop; so likewise of thePat. 18 Joh. m. 4. Castles of Salop, Bruges, (i. e. Brugge-No •• ) and Ibid. m. 8. Richmund, with express command to demolishIbid. m. 5. that of Richmund, if he thought it not tenable.

In which year (on Ashwednesday) he 〈◊〉 Annales de Lewes in Bibl. Cotton. upon him the Cross, in order to a voy •• • o the Holy Land, as the King himself then also did: But the Kings death hapning soon after, prevented his journey at that time.

And as he stood firm to King Iohn in his greatest distresses, so did he approve himself a stout and faithful Champion for Henry the Third, insomuch, as the very preservation of that King, and raising him to his Fathers Throne, if we may give credit to an old Monk of Peterborough Walter de Wittlesey MS. penès Dec. & cap. Pe •• eburg., may cheifly be attributed to him; whose relation, touching the same, being not taken notice of by our ordinary Historians, I shall here insert.

Vpon the death of King John, the great Men of England, fearing that the Son would follow his Fathers steps in Tyranny over the People; resolved to extirpate him, and all of his Blood, not considering, saith he, that saying of the Prophet, viz. That the Son shall not suffer for the iniquity of his Father: And, to that end determined to set up Lewes, Son to the King of France, (a youth then but Fourteen years old) in his stead; whom, at the instance of the Rebellious Barons, that King, for the purpose alleadged, sent over into England, in the last year of King John, under the tuition of the Earl of Perch, and other great Men of that Realm. Who, having landed himself in England accordingly, and received Homage of the Londoners, expecting the like from the Southern Nobility, advanced to Lincolne. Which being made known to this Earl, who did abominate any Conjunction with them in that their conspiracy, he convened the rest of the Northern Peers; and being the cheif and most potent of them, taking with him young Henry, Son of King John, and right Heir to the Crown, raised a puissant Army, and marched towards Lincolne. To which place, at the end of four days after Lewes got thither, expecting him, be came. To whom the Earl of Perch, observing his stature to be small, said, Have we staid all this while for such a little Man, such a Dwarf! To which disdainful expression, he answered, I vow to God, and our Lady, whose Church this is, That before to morrow Evening, I will seem to thee to be stronger, and greater, and taller than that Steeple. Thus parting with each other, he betook himself to the Castle.

And on the next morning the Earl of Perch, armed at all parts, except his Head, having entered the Cathedral with his Forces, and left Lewes there, challenged out our Earl to Battle; Who no sooner heard thereof; but causing the Castle Gates to be opened, he came out with his Soldiers, and made so fierce a charge upon the adverse party, that he slew the Earl of Perch, and many of his followers; and immediately seising upon Lewes in the Church, caused him to swear upon the Gospel and Relicks of those Saints then placed on the High Altar, that be would never lay any claim to the Kingdom of England, but speedily hasten out of the Realm with all his followers; and that when he should be King of France, he would restore Normandy to the Crown of England. Which being done, he sent for young Henry, who during that time, lay privately in a Cow-house, belonging to Bardney Abbey, (near Lincolne, towards the West) and, setting him upon the Altar, delivered him Seis • of this Kingdom, as his Inheritance by a White Wand, instead of a Scepter; doing his homage to him, as did all the rest of the Nobility then present.

For which Signal Service, the King gave him the Body of Gilbert de Gant, his Enemy, with all his Possessions. Which Gilbert was a great Baron, and Founder of Uaudey Abbey in • esteven.

Thus far my Author.

And after the solemnity of the Kings Coronation was over, bestirred himself with all earnestness against the Rebellious Barons; firstMatth. Paris, p. 293. l. 38. in the siege of Mountforell in Leicestershire, and afterwards at Lincoln Ibid. p. 295., the Castle whereof was then beleaguered by a great strength of Barons; which in that notable Battle there were utterly vanquishedIbid. p. 296. n. 40. In that year he hadClaus. 1 H. 3. m. 17. the Earldom of Lincoln conferred upon him, (Gilbert de Gant being set aside, in regard of his Rebellion) unto which Honor the RecordClaus. 2 H 3. m. 9. implies, That he had an Hereditary Right from Lucia, his Great Grand-Mother; for she had the title of Comitissa Lincolniae. He had also the custody Pat. 1 H. 3. m. 4. of the Honor of Lancaster, likewise of the Castle ofIbid. m. 7. Mountsorell, which he himself Lel. Col. Vol. 2. p 275. took and demolishedLel. Col. Vol. 2. p 275..

The next year following, he hadPat. 2 H. 3. m. 10. the Honor of Britanny, (2 H. 3.) An. 1218. in the Counties of Cambridge, Norfolk, and Suffolk, committed to him. And then seeing the troubles in England were well quieted (in which work he had been so happily instrumental) he again tookMatth. Paris, p. 303. n. 20. upon him the Cross for another Voyage to the Holy Land, with divers more of the English Nobility: And before he set forwards on that journey, granted to his Barons of Cheshire, (at their request) a most ample CharterRot. Pat. in Archivis Reg •• s infra Castellum Cestrie, 3 Ed. 4. in 9 per Inspex. of Liberties, in which are many observable things; amongst others, that they should have a free Court, wherein they might hold Plea of all things, as in his own Court; Exceptis placitis ad Gladium meum pertinentibus (are the words) Excepting the Pleas belonging to his Sword. Which Pleadings were of the same nature, as those in all other parts of England, called Pleas of the Crown: For in all Indictments for Felony, Trespass, &c. whereas they are in all other parts of England▪ said to be Contra Pacem Domini Regis Coronam & dignitates suas; they there run thus Contra pacem Domini Comitis, Gladium & dignitates suas: The reason whereof I conceive to be, for that the first Earl Palatine, viz. Hugh, (commonly called Lupus) of whom I have already spoke, had the County of Chester, given him by the Conqueror, Tenere ita liberè ad Gladium sicut ipse Willielmus Rex tenebat Angliam per Coronam.

Being in the Holy Land, he wasMat. Westm. in eodem an • o. at that famous siege of Damieta, Vbi Dux Chistianae Cohortis praestitit gloriosa, saithMonast. An • l • c. p. 890 b. • . 20. Henry, Archdeacon of Huntendon, Where being General of the Christian Army, he did glorious things.

Upon his return thence, when he was at Sea, there hapning a dreadful storm, (as the same Author affirmeth) he asked the Marriners, How long it was then to midnight? and they told him, It was almost two hours. Said he then, Labor till that time, and I trust to God the tempest will cease. But when midnight approached, the tempest increased so much, that the Master of the Ship bad him commend himself to God; for they were all like to perish: Whereupon he went out of his Cabin, and stoutly assisting them, the tempest soon asswaged. The day following therefore, when the Seas were calm, and the danger clearly over, the Master asked him, Why he would not stir to assist them till midnight; telling him, That his help was then more than all the Marriners in the Ship. Quoth he, Because my Monks, and other devo • t people, who are of mine, and my Ancestors Foundation, did then rise to sing Divine Service; For that reason therefore, did I put confidence in their Prayers; and therefore, my hope is, that God Almighty for their Prayers and Suffrages, would give me such strength as I had not before, and as • wage the tempest, as I foretold.

So soon as he returnedChron. de Du 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 . Co • ton. from this journey, which wasChron. de Du 〈◊〉 in 〈◊〉 . Co • ton. about the Calends of April, An. 1220.An. 1220. (4 Hen. 3.) he beganCh • on Evesham, f. 48 a. the structure of Chartley Castle in Staffordshire, and Beeston Castle in Cheshire; and likewise, the Abbey of Deula • res for White Monks, near Leek in Staffordshire; which Monastery he had been incited so to found (as saithMonast Angli • . p. 800 a. n. 60. & I • id. b. my Author) by the ghost of Earl Ranulph his Grand-Father, which appeared to him one night when he was in Bed, and bad him go to a place called Cholpesdale (within the Territory of Leek) and there he should find a certain Chappel, antiently built in honor of the Blessed Virgin, and found an Abbey of White Monks, and endow it, adding, There shall be joy to thee, and many others, who shall be saved thereby: For there, quoth he, shall be a Ladder erected, by which the Prayers of Angels shall ascend and descend, and vows of Men shall be offered to God, and they shall give thanks, and the name of our Lord shall be called upon in that place, by daily Prayers; and the sign of this shall be, when the Pope doth interdict England: But do thou, in the mean time go to the Monks of Pulton, where Robert Butler hath in my name built an Abbey, and thou shalt there be partaker of the Sacrament of the Lord; for such Priviledges belong to the servants of the Founders. And in the Seventh year of that Interdict, thou shalt translate those Monks to the place I have foretold. Which Relation being made unto the Lady Clemencia his Wife, she said in French, Dieu encres, id est, God increase: Whereupon the Earl congratulating her expression, said, The name of the place shall be Deula • res. In which year also, he had the custody of the Honor of Leicester conferredPat: 4 H. 3. p. 1. m. 1. upon him.

The former Testimonies of this Earls loyalty to the King, gave great hopes, that his obedience would still have continued unshaken: Howbeit, within four years after, it proved otherwise; for discontentsMat. Paris, p. 316. n. 50. being raised by divers of the Barons about the Kings, notMat. Paris, p. 316. n. 50. confirming the Charter of Liberties which had been exacted by the predominant power of the Nobility from his Father; as also, for that he was too much governed by the advise of Hubert de Burgh: He, with his adherents, keepingM. Westm. in Anno 1224. (8 H 3.) Mat. 〈◊〉 , p. 319. n 40 their Christmass at Leicester, sentM. Westm. in Anno 1224. (8 H 3.) Mat. 〈◊〉 , p. 319. n 40 an insolent and minatory Message to the King, then at Northampton; viz. M. Westm. in Anno 1224. (8 H 3.) Mat. 〈◊〉 , p. 319. n 40 That, except he would forbear to require his Castles, and to hearken unto the Counsels of Hubert de Burgh, they would all unanimously rise against him, and compel him to be guided by them. But to this they received such an answer from the Archbishop of Canterbu • y, that made them all to startle; which was, ThatIbid. n. 50. unless they would on the morrow render the King all his Castles, himself, and other of the Bishops, would excommunicate them every man by name. So that, understanding also, how well the King was provided with Military Forces to deal with them, they prudently cameIbid. p 320. to Northampton, and submitted 〈◊〉 . themselves unto him.

Yet were not their hearts so humbled, as that they would be quiet, in case it lay in their power to stir: For in 11 Hen. 3.11 Hen. 3. this haughty spirited Earl, with many others, takingIbid. pag. 337. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. advantage of the di • content that Richard, Earl of Cornwal, had conceived towards the King, touching the Mannor of Berkha • fied, which belonged to the Earldom of Cornwal, and was given by King Iohn (his Father) to another, putIbid. pag. 337. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. themselves in Arms, under colour of assisting that Earl, in recovery of his own, and sent a peremptory Message to the King, requiringIbid. pag. 337. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40., That he should do him right, and to seal unto them a new Charter of the Forest Liberties, inst • ad of that which he had lately cancelled at Oxford. Whereupon the King discerning what mischeif might grow through his withstanding them, causedIbid. pag. 337. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. a Convention of the Peers at Northampton, 3 Nones of August, and made a peaceable Accord with them. And having so done, to oblige this potent Earl the more, granted Pat. 11 H. 3. m. 6. to him all that part of the Honor of Richmund, with the Appurtenances, which he formerly had by the gift of King Iohn, to hold during his life; upon condition, That he should not make any Agreement with the Earl of Britanny, to whom that part of the Honor did belong, so as to yield it up unto him, unless he could obtain so much Justice from the King of France, as to recover those Lands of his own in Normandy, which he lost in the service of King Iohn.

In 13 Hen. 3. he had a ConfirmationClaus. 13 H. 3. m. 2. from the King, of all his Lands betwixt the Rivers of 〈◊〉 and Merse, in Lancashire; viz. The Town of West De • by, with the Wapentake, the Borough of L • verpool, the Town and Wapentake of Salfor • , and Wapentake of 〈◊〉 , in the same County; with all Forests, Hays, Homages, and other the Appurtenances.

Of this stout Earl I farther find,An. 1230. that in 14 Hen. 3. he opposedMatth Paris, p. 363. one Stephen, a Commissary from the Pope, who was sent to gather the Tenths from the Bishops, and all Religious Orders; prohibiting any person whatsoever, within the compass of his Jurisdiction, from payment of any thing; notwithstanding that, all England besides, with Ireland and Wales, submitted thereto. Moreover, the same year attending the King in his expedition into Britanny, he had his BondPat. 〈◊〉 Transfr. in Britan. 1▪ H. 3. p. 1. m. 3. for the payment of a thousand marks towards his support in the Wars; and was one of the principal persons left Ibid. p 367. l. 34. behind for the defence thereof; whence he marchedIbid. lib. 43 & 44. into Anjou and Normandy: In both which, they took divers places of strength. And having setled all things well in those parts, returnedIbid. p. 369. l. 39. into England about the Kalends of August, the year next following; where he was no sooner arrived, but that he hastedIbid. lib. 42. to the King, then in Wales, (and at that time very busie in building of Maud Castle) of whom he was very honorablyIbid. lib. 42. received.

Not long after this, s • il. in 16 Hen. 3. the King summonedI • id. pag. 372. n. 4 • . all his Nobles, as well of the Layty, as Prelates, to meet him at Westminster on the Nones of March; where representing his great want of Money, occasioned by the Wars he had in France, he requiredI • id. pag. 372. n. 4 • . a Sub • idy from them: But this Earl then toldI • id. pag. 372. n. 4 • . the King, that all the Earls, Barons, and Knights, who held in capite, were in person with him in his late expedition, and had spent so much in supporting themselves, that they returned very poor; so that they ought not to contribute to that Subsidy then demanded: By means of which answer, they hadIbid. liberty to depart.

To the Monks of Coventrey he ratified Cart. 22 Ed. 3. n. 6. per Inspex. the Recognition and Confirmation, made by Earl Ranulph, his Grand-father, of the Chappel of S. Michael, and all the rest; viz. Ansty, Shulton, Wykin, Bilney, Whitley, Pyuley, Stoke, Stichall, Eccleshall, Folkeshull, Karesley, Whaberley, Sponne, and Bisseley, within his Fee; in all which, he solemnly invested them on the Feast day of S. Abdon and Sennes, in Iuly 3 Rich. 1. by his Gold Ring; which, with his Charter he offered upon the Altar. To which Chappel of S. Michael he likewise conferredIbid. the Tithes of all his Lands and Possessions in Coventrey, and that under the penalty of a Curse upon his Officers, Servants, and Heirs, if they should not make due payment of them accordingly.

And besides this, he gaveRegist. Pr. de Coventr. in Scac • . penès Remem. Reg. fol. 76 b. Cart. 22 Ed. 3. n. 6. ut supra. to those Monks, in exchange for one Cart of the two Carts which Earl Ranulph his Grand-father, by his Charter granted them, to have going to and fro in his Woods, twice a day except on Festivals, for necessary House-boot, Fire-boot, and Hey-boot (as I have already shewed) Cclxxx Acres of Land, being part of his Wood and Waste in Eccleshair and Kersley, according to xxv Foot to the Perch; which Wood and Waste he gave them liberty to inclose, reduce into Tillage, or otherwise to use for their best commodity.

And to the Nuns of Polesworth, he gave Claus. 2 Ed. 3. in dorso, p. 39. per Inspex. Ten marks per annum, out of his Revenues in Coventrey, to be paid at Michaelmass and Easter by even portions, until he should assign them the like Annuity out of any other particular Lands. Which Grant he expresses to be made for the health of his Soul, and the Souls of his Ancestors and Successors, and of the Soul of Robert Marmion the elder (a great Baron of that time.)

This Earl executed the officeRot. Pip. de iisdem annis. of Sheriff, by his Deputies for the Counties of Salop and Stafford, in the Second, third, fourth, fifth, seventh, and part of the eighth year of King Henry the Third. So also for the County of Lancaster, in the Third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and nineth of Henry the Third. And towards the later end of the Sixteenth year of that Kings Reign, viz. 50 Cal. Nov. he diedMat. Westm. in An. 1132. at Wallingford, after he had governed the County Palatine of Chester above fifty years.

It is reported, • aithMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 890 a. n. 40. Henry Huntendon, of this Earl, that when he died, a great company in the likeness of Men, with a certain potent person, hastily passed by an Hermites Cell near Wallingford; and that the Hermite asking one of them what they were, and whether they went so fast? he answered, We are Devils, and are making speed to the death of Earl Ranulph, to the end we may accuse him of his sins. Likewise, that the Hermites thereupon adjuring the Devil, that he should return the same way, within thirty days, and relate what was become of this Earl: He came accordingly, and told him, That he was for his iniquities condemned to the torments of Hell; but that the great Dogs of Deulacres, and with them many other, did bark so incessantly, and fill their habitations with such a noise, that their Prince, being troubled with it, commanded he should be expelled his Dominion; who is now, saith he, become a great enemy to us; because their suffrages, together with others, hath released many Souls from Purgatory.

His Body was buriedChron. de Theoksbury MS. in Bibl. Cotton. at Chester, but his Heart at the Abbey of Deulacres, so by him Founded as hath been observed.

Of whose death, so soon as news broughtMat. West. ut supra. to Hubert de Burgh; the Messenger telling himMat. West. ut supra. that one of his cheifest Enemies was deceased: He Mat. West. ut supra. fetched a great sigh, and said, God have mercy on his Soul; and, being then fasting, called for his Psalter, as he stood before the Cross, and ceased not till he had sung it all over for the health thereof. But this Earl leftChro. Evesham. fol. 37 b. no issue, which some then thoughtChro. Evesham. fol. 37 b. to be a judgment of God upon him for putting away his first Wife.

But Clemencia, his second Wife, survived him; and in the same year that he died, had Livery Claus. 16 H. 3. • m. 2. of the Mannors of Benington and Limberg, in Lincolnshire, which wereClaus. 16 H. 3. • m. 2. given to her in marriage; as also ofClaus. 16 H. 3. • m. 2. all the Lands, Rents, and Services, which Bertrice, sometime Countess of Chester, had in the Lordships of Wadington, Norma • dy, Bentford, Dunynton, and Hauteburgh, in the same County, with the Mannor of Reppandon (vulgo Repton) in Com. Derb. which were assigned to her by the King for her Dowry.

The names of his four Sisters, and their Husbands, I have already mentioned; but now, insomuch, as all his Possessions (which were very great) came to them, or their Descendants, as his Heirs, I must say something more as to the dividing thereof amongst them.

Of Maud the eldest, WifePlac. Coronae apud Huntend. 12 H. 3 Rot. 3. to David, Earl of Huntendon, (Brother to William, King of Scots) descended Iohn, sirnamed Scot, Successor Mat. Paris, p. 380. lib. 14. to this Ranulph in the Earldom of Cheste • ; who had for his partPlac. Coram Rege apud Westm. T. Hill. 14 R. 2. Rot. 20. (Maud his Mother being them dead) the whole County of Chester, and the Advowson of the Priory of Coventrey.

But Mabel the Second, who married to William de Albany, Earl of Arundel, was dead before the Earl her Brother; and so was William, Earl of Arundel her eldest Son: Whereupon, Hugh de Albany her second Son, then Earl of Arundel, and in Minority, came to share in that great Inheritance; unto whomRot. Fin. 17 Hen 3. m 8. Coventrey was in PartitionRot. Fin. 17 Hen 3. m 8. assigned for his Capital Seat, as some Rot. Fin. 17 Hen 3. m 8. Records do testifie: But othersClaus 17 H. 3. m. 17., that the Mannor of Barow was allotted to him for his cheif Mansion; and that he had for the present, the Mannors of Campden in Glocestershire, Olney in Buckinghamshire; as also Coventrey, until such time as a more perfect and equal Partition should be made amongst them; and the next year following, an additionClaus. 18 H. 3. m. 31. of the Mannor of Ledes in Yorkshire, as part of that Inheritance.

Agnes the third sister, with her Husband William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby (being both then living) hadClaus. 17 H. 3. m 17. for her part the Castle and Mannor of Chartley in Staffordshire, assigned for her capital Seat, with the Castle and Town of West Derby (in Com. Lanc.) and all the Lands belonging to the said Earl of Chester, which lay betwixt the Rivers of Ribble and Merse; together with the Mannor of in Buckbroek in Northamptonshire, and Navenby in Lincolnshire.

And Hawise Ibid. the fourth sister, Wife of Robert de Quincy, for her shareIbid., the Castle and Mannor of Bolingbroke in Com. Linc. for her principal Mansion; and all the other Lands which belonged to Earl Ranulph her Brother, situate in the Provinces of Lindsey and 〈◊〉 , in the said County of Lincoln; for which, she then gaveRot Pip. de An. 17 H 3. Linc. fifty pounds for her relief. Unto which Hawise, the said Earl, in his life time, grantedEx ipso Au •• gr i • 〈◊〉 Cotton 〈◊〉 de 〈◊〉 • ate Pol • . & Civ p 141. the Earldom of Lincoln, that is to say, all he could grant thereof, to the end she might be Countess, and that her heirs might also enjoy it; whereof, it seems, the King did not disallow, insomuch, as at her desire, he conferred Pat. 〈◊〉 H 3. m. 9. n. 35. the Honor upon Iohn Lacy, Constable of Ches • e • ▪ and the heirs of his Body, by Margaret her Daughter.

As for the Knights Fees which were assigned to each of these Sisters, or their Descendants in the several Shires of England, I shall for brevity, spare their recital, referring my Reader to the RecordRot. Fin. 18 H. 3 m. 11., where they are particularly exprest, in case he desire satisfaction therein.

There now only remains something to be said of Iohn Scot, the last Earl (Son to David, Earl of Huntendon, by Maud, the eldest Sister of the said Earl Ranulph, as hath been already observed.) For after his death, this Earldom came to the Crown, his Sisters (who were all very nobly matched) having in recompence thereof, many fair Lordships, as I shall shew by and by.

In An. 1233. (17 Hen. 3.) uponMat Paris, pag 387. n 30 Ibid. pag. 446. that great difference betwixt the King and Richard, Earl Marshal, divers of the Nobility then adhering Mat Paris, pag 387. n 30 Ibid. pag. 446. to the Earl; this Iohn, Earl of Chester, with Iohn, Earl of Lincoln, were so corruptedMat Paris, pag 387. n 30 Ibid. pag. 446. by Peter de Rupibus, then Bishop of 〈◊〉 , who gaveMat Paris, pag 387. n 30 Ibid. pag. 446. them a thousand marks; that notwithstanding their former engagements to the Earl Marshal, they fell offMat Paris, pag 387. n 30 Ibid. pag. 446., and took part with the King.

At that great solemnity of King Henries marriage toMat. Par •• , p 419 n 50 Alianor, An. 1243. the Daughter of Reimund, Earl of • rovince, (which was performedIbid p. 420. n. 30. with extraordinary pomp and state at London and Westminster, about the 14 Kal. of February, in the Twenty eighth year of his Reign) this Iohn, Earl of Chester, carriedIbid. pag. 421. the Sword called Curtana, before the King; in tokenIbid. pag. 421., that being an Earl Palatine, he had power to restrain the King, if he should be exorbitant (as saith my Author) the Constable of Chester then waiting Ibid. pag. 421. upon him, and with his Wand, keeping off people from disturbing the proceeding.

And the same year (with many other Nobles) tookIbid. p. 431. n. 30. upon him the Cross for a Voyage to the Holy Land; but whether he performed the journey, or not, I make a question;An. 1244. for the next year following, I find he diedH. Knighton, col. 2431. n 50. without issue at Oernhall in Cheshire, about Whitsontide; (7 Id. Iunii) poysonedMat. Paris, p. 440. by Helene his Wife, DaughterMat. Paris, p. 440. to Leoline, Prince of Wales (whom he had marriedChron. Eve • ham, fol. 49 a. in his Uncle Earl Ranulph his days, to the endChron. Eve • ham, fol. 49 a. there might be a firm Peace betwixt that Earl and Lewelin) and was buried at Chester. Whereupon, inH. Knighton, ut supra. regard that Regal Prerogatives belonged to this Earldom, the King assumedH. Knighton, ut supra. it into his own hands,H. Knighton, ut supra. Ne tam praeclara dominatio inter colos faeminarum dividi contingeret. Least so fair a Dominion should be divided amongst Women; and gaveH. Knighton, ut supra. unto his Sisters, and Heirs, other Lands instead thereof, viz.

ToPat. 22 H. 3. m. 11. Iohn de Baillol, and Dervorguil his Wife (one of the Daughters and Heirs to Alan of • al • owa • , by Margaret, the eldest Sister of this Iohn, Earl of Chester) the Mannors of Luddingland and • orkesay, in the County of Lincoln, with the Ferme of Yarmouth in Norfolk: And toPat. 25 H. 3. m. 1. Christian, the other Daughter and Coheir of the same Alan and Margaret, the Mannor of Dri •• ield in Yorkshire, and the Mannor of • hingden, with the Advowson of that Church, in Northampconshire.

ToPat. 22 H. 3. m. 4. Isabel the Second, married to Robert de Brus of Anandale, the Mannors of Wr • ttel, and Hathfield in Essex.

And toIbid. Claus. 22 H. 3. m. 12. Ada the Fourth, then the Wife of Henry de Hastings (for Maud the Third was deadChro. Evesham, f. 51 a. without issue) the Mannor of Brom • sgrove in Worcestershire; the Mannor and Castle of Bolesovore in Derbishire; the Mannor and Soke of Mansfield in Nottinghamshire, and the Mannor of Oswardbec in the same County; the Mannors of Wurfield, Stratton, and Cunedoure, in Shropshire, with Wigginton and Wulrune Hampton, in Staffo • dshire.

Moreover, for Helen his Wife (who soon after marriedClaus. 22 H. 3. m. 2 • . to Robert de Quency) command was given by the King, that she should forthwith have Livery Claus. 22 H. 3. m. 2 • . of these Lordships hereafter named, whereof Iohn; Earl of Chester and Huntendon, her late Husband, died seised; to hold until such time, as by a perfect Extant of all his Lands, she should have a sufficient Dowry assigned unto her, viz. Fordringhey and Iarewel in Com. Northampt. Keweston in Com. Bedf. Totenham in Com. Midd. Brampton, Cunnington, and Limpays, in Com. Hunt. Badew in Com. Essex; and Erron in Com. Rutl.

And after this, viz. in 31 Hen. 3. was this Earldom of Chester, with the Castles of 〈◊〉 and Dissard, annexedPat. 31 H. 3. m 7. to the Crown for ever.

Earls of Britanny and Richmund.

THe first Earl of Richmund, was Alan, sirnamed Rufus or Fergaunt Alan Ferga • t. (by reason of his Red Hair) SonMonast. Angl • c. Vol. 1. p 877 b. n. 10. to Eudo, Earl of Britanny in France: Which Alan coming Ibid. pag. 386 b. n. 20. over into England, with Duke Wil • iam of Normandy, commandedEx An • al. Eccles. S. Augustini Can • uar. the Rear of his Army, in that memorable Battle near Hastings. And after that signal Conquest, was advanced Ibid. pag. 877. ut supra. to this Earldom of Richmund (it having beenIbid. pag. 877. ut supra. the Honor of Earl Edwyne, of whom I have already spoke, under the title of Merc •• ) having therewith all that Northern part of the County of York, vulgarly called Richmundshire, givenIbid. pag. 877. ut supra. unto him by King William at the timeMS. in Bibl. Cotton. of his siege of that City.

This Earl Alan wasW. Malms. fol. 55 b. n. 10. in his very youth not a little famous for his valor, insomuch as he feared notW. Malms. fol. 55 b. n. 10. that heroick spirited William, then Duke of Normandy, (his near Neighbor) who challengedW. Malms. fol. 55 b. n. 10. Britanny as his hereditary Right from Gisla, with whom Charles the Great bestowed it in marriage to Rollo, his Lineal Ancestor; but gaveIbid. him rather cause of provocation.

After his Possession of this Earldom of Richmund, he beganMonast. Anglic. ut supra, n. 20. the Building of a strong Castle and Fort near unto his capital Mansion at • i •• ing, for the better safeguardMonast. Anglic. ut supra, n. 20. of himself, and his Tenants in that part of the Countrey, against the attempts of the English (then every where dispossessed of their rightful Inheritances,) as also of the Danes; and namedMonast. Anglic. ut supra, n. 20. the said Castle Richmont, according to the French expression, which signifieth the Rich-Mount or Hill; it being situateMonast. Anglic. ut supra, n. 20. upon the highest, most defensible, and pleasant place of all that Territory, the swift River Swale running at the skirt thereof, and half encompassing it.

Having said thus much touching his first coming into England, and setling here; I shall conclude with his Works of Piety, which were not few, nor slender.

He was the devout and first beginnerIbid. pag. 386 b. n. 20. of the Foundation (or rather restorer) of that great Abbey of S. Maries in York; givingIbid. pag. 387 b. & pag. 390. n. 60. thereunto the Church of S. Olave and BoroughIbid. pag. 385. n. 10., wherein the same Monastery was situate in the Suburb of that City, from Galmon to Clifton, towards the River of Owsel, (in which, it was more commodiously seated than at Lestingham) with nine Carucates and an half of Land lying in Clifton, rendringIbid. pag. 385 b. n. 10. the Advowson thereof into the hands of that King, to the end he might be the perpetual Patron of it. Moreover he gave Ibid. pag. 386 b. n. 10. & p. 387 b n. 10. & pag. 390 b. thereto the Churches of Caterick and Richmund, and the Chappel of his Castle there, with the Tithes of all his Demesne Lands belonging unto it; and likewise thoroughout all Yo • k • hire; as also the Church of S. Botolph in Holland, and TownIbid. pag. 386 b. n. 10. & p. 387 b n. 10. & pag. 390 b. of Sutton near unto it.

And lastly, unto the Abbey of S. Sergius and Bacchus in Normandy, he gaveIbid. p. 572 a. n. 60. & b. the Church of • wavesey in Cambridgeshire, with the Tithes of that place, and likewise the Tithes of Bercham, Papworth, Wimpo • e, Tofte, and Beche; which place of Swavesey, became afterwards a Cell to that Foreign Monastery.

Add hereunto what the Monk of Vtica expresseth Ord. Vit. p. 544 C. of him. He was ever studious for Peace, a great lover of the Poor, an especial honorer of the Religious; and that his death, without Issue, occasioned no little sadness to all good People.

He marriedW. Malmsb. p. 62 b. n. 30. Constance, one of King William the Conquerors Daughters, but diedMonast. Anglic. p. 873 b. n 20. without Issue, and was buriedIbid. in the Abbey of S. Edmunds- • ury in Suffolk, atIbid. pag. 294 b. n. 40. the South door Ibid. pag. 294 b. n. 40. before the Altar of S. Nicholas.

The Lands whereof he was possest at the time of the Conquerors Survey were these, viz. In Yorkshire▪ One hundred sixty six Lordships, or the greatest part of them, whereof Gilling was one, within the Precincts whereof he built his Castle of Richmount; in Dorsetshire One, called Devenis; in Essex Eight; in Hantshire Two; in Cambridgeshire Sixty three, and Ten Burages in Cambridge; in Hartfordshire Twelve; in Northamptonshire One; in Nottinghamshire Seven; in Norfolk Eighty one; and in Lincolnshire One hundred and one.

This last mentioned Alan, Alan Niger. sirnamed Rufus, had four Brothers, viz. Alanus Niger Monast. Anglic. p 877 b. n. 3 • , andMonast. Anglic. p 877 b. n. 3 • Stephen, who succeeded in this Earldom; Ribald Ibid. p. 386 b. n. 20. & p. 572 b. n. 29., Lord of Middleham, an eminent Baron in these Northern parts, [from an Heir-female, of whose Line that great and honorable Family of the Nevils (some Branches whereof do still flourish in this Kingdom, as I shall shew in due place) did descend] and Bardulf Ibid. pag. 572 b. n. 29., whose Son Akar, was the pious FounderIbid. pag. 869 a. n. 40. & b. n. 30. of Iorevauix, a famous Abbey of the Cistercian Order in this Northern Tract.

This Alan the Black (who succeeded his Brother Alan the Red, in these Earldoms of Britanny and Richmund) wroteIbid. pag. 869 a. n. 60. & b. n. 20. himself Comes Brittanniae & Angliae; and by that title confirmedIbid. pag. 869 b. & ibid. n. 30. those Grants which Akar the Son of Bardulf had made to the Monks of Iorevauix, and grantedEx ipsis Antogr. penès Alderm. & Burgenses ib. divers Immunities and Priviledges to the Burgers of his Borough of Richmund. Being in good esteem with King William Rufus; uponLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 543. the seisure of Hoveden and Weston, belonging to William de Kairelepho, Bishop of Durham, who adhered to those of the Nobility that had conspired against the King, he sharedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 543. with Odo de Campania in the enjoyment of those Lordships.

He FoundedMonast. Anglic. f. 404 a. n. 30 & 40. a Cell at Romburge in Cambridgeshire, annexingMonast. Anglic. f. 404 a. n. 30 & 40. it unto the Abbey of S. Maries at York; and to the same Abbey of S. Maries he gaveIbid. pag. 387 b. n. 20. the Church of Gi • ling (near Richmund) with one Carucate of Land; as also hisIbid. pag. 387 b. n. 20. Tithes of Ba •• ngburgh, Two Hides of Land in Heselingfeld in Cambridgeshire, and two Carucates in Skelton. And confirmedEx ipso Autogr. penès Will. le Neve. equ. au • . Cl. Reg. Arm. to the Monks of Thetford in No • folk, the Tithes of Ne • lestede.

But died without Issue, as it seems, leaving Stephen Stephen. his Brother to succeed him in the Earldom, and was buriedLel. Col. Vol. 1. p. 251. in the Abbey of S. Edmunds Bury, at the South door, near the Altar of S. Nicholas, leaving Stephen his Brother to succeed him in these Earldoms.

¶Which Stephen was the cheifIbid. pag. 386 b. Procurer of King William Rufus (in the second year of his Reign)An. 1089. to visit the Abbey then called S. Olaves in York, and to reedifieIbid. pag. 386 b. the Church thereof: Thereupon the King laidIbid. pag. 386 b. the first stone in that Building, and bestowedIbid. pag. 386 b. very ample Possessions thereon; thenceforth givingIbid. pag. 386 b. it the name of S. Maries, of which Lands, the Town and Soke of Fuleford wereIbid. pag. 390 b. n. 50. part.

To the Abbey of S. Edmunds Bury in Suf • olk, this Earl gaveIbid. pag. 294 b n. 40. certain Lands lying in Cambridge, forLel Coll. Vol. 1. p. 251. the health of the Soul of Alan his Brother.

To the Monks of Swyneshed in Lincolnshire, he was also aIbid. pag. 773 a. n. 60. Benefactor.

To the Monastery of Swavesey in Cambridgeshire, (which was a Cell to the Abbey of S. Sergius and S. Bachus in Anjou) he gaveIbid. pag. 572 b. n. 50. the Tithes of his Mills in Cambridge, with the Fishings of Swavesey, and the Land lying before the Gate of their Mansion.

To the Cell of S. Martins juxta Richmund, he gaveIbid. pag. 401 a. n. 20. two Sheafs of all his Demesn Lands in Witton, Muieton, Caterick, and Forcet.

And departingVin • . 58. this life in the year 1104. was buried in the Monastery of Begar, but his heart in the Abbey of S. Martins at York, (whereunto he had been a good Benefactor) as he himself did desire.

This Earl Stephen left Issue Alan, Alan. who succeeded him in those Earldoms; and Maud a Daughter, with whom he gaveMon. Anglic▪ p. 8 • 3 b. n. 58. Swaleda •• in Frank-Marriage unto Walter de Gant, Son to Gilbert de Gant, who came over into England with King William the Conqueror.

¶In An. 1142. (6 Steph.) this Earl Alan standingS. Dunel. pag 26 • . n. 27. firm to King Stephen against Ranulph, Earl of Chester, then holdingS. Dunel. pag 26 • . n. 27. the City of Lincoln, and all the Forts belonging thereto, on the behalf of Maud the Empress, and her Son Henry, Duke of Normandy; by night time gotS. Dunel. pag 26 • . n. 27. over the Wall of that Castle there, called Galclint, and possessedS. Dunel. pag 26 • . n. 27. himself thereof with much Treasure therein.

He also mannedIbid. n. 30. the Castle of Hotun (now Shiriff Hotun in Yorkshire, then part of the Bishop of Durhams Possessions) and made great spoil at Ripon upon the Demesnes and Tenants of the Archbishop of York. But soon after, the Forces on each side being got together, and great preparation made for Battle, he fell off (saith my AuthorIbid. pag. 269. n. 10 〈◊〉 20.) before any blow strucken; notwithstanding which, the King adventured, and foughtIbid. n. 30. most couragiously, but was overcome and takenIbid. n. 40. prisoner, on the day of the Purification of our Lady; and this Earl thereupon compelledIbid. n. 40. to render that his Fort called 〈◊〉 , with all the Treasure he had therein; being thenceforth, for want of Food, and by reason of other sufferings, putIbid. n. 40. to great misery.

Touching this Battle, another HistorianGerv. 〈◊〉 . col. 135 1. n. 60. varies much in his Relation from what the Monk of Durha • hath above expressed; for (inter alia) reporting the Speech which Robert Consul, Earl of 〈◊〉 , made before the Battle, unto Ranulph, Earl of Chester, after he had highly magnified him for his desires to lead the Van, he goes on thus—Against whom is it that we fight! Here is Alan, Earl of Britanny, in Arms against us; nay, against God himself; a wicked person, and full of all manner of iniquity: No man for malice to be compared with him, being always disposed to mischeif, thinking it a dishonor, that any one should equal him for cruelty. But before he had made an end of his Speech, the BattleIbid pag. 1353. • . 30. began, the Van of those who fought for the Empress, assaultingIbid pag. 1353. • . 30. that part of the Kings Army wherein this our Earl, together with the Earl of Mellent, Hugh Bigot, Earl Simon, and the Earl of Warren were; which was done with such courage, that they were suddenly routedIbid pag. 1353. • . 30.; some slain, some taken, and the rest put to flight.

The Author of those Memorials, intituled, Gesta Regis Stephani, representethGesta Regis Steph▪ p. 9 • 3 • this Earl for a most deceitful person; addingGesta Regis Steph▪ p. 9 • 3 • , that whilst he was contriving his revenge against the Earl of Chester, his adversaries prevailing, he was taken and cast into prison, where he continued until he submitted himself, and delivered up his Castles unto him: And, that in the mean while, he lost the Earldom of Cornwal, which he had of the Kings gift.

This Earl Alan wroteMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 902 a n 〈◊〉 himself Earl of Britanny, • ornwal, and Richmund; and gave Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 902 a n 〈◊〉 unto the Monastery of S. Michael, at the Mount in • ornwal, Ten shillings yearly Rent, issuing out of the Fair at 〈◊〉 , for the health of his Soul, his Wife, and Childrens Souls; and for the Redemption of the Soul of Brientius ( • ilius Comitis) his Uncle, from whom he did HereditarilyIbid. possess his Lands in Cornwal.

To the Monks of Iorevaulx, he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 875 a. Common of Pasture throughout all his Forest of Wandesleydale, and as much Mowing Ground in his Meadows there, as they should need; as also TimberMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 875 a., in any part thereof; for their Buildings, and necessary uses.

He bestowedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 25 • b. n. 30 also on the Monks of Fountains, all his Woods belonging to Marsc (on that side the River Iore, wherein Burton is situate) for the Building of their Cell at Aldeburne; and on the other side of the same River, he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. pag. 25 • b. n. 30 unto them Rumore and Bramley. When he died, I have not certainly discovered, but he was buriedIbid. p. 810 a. n. 30. in the Abbey of Begar in Com. ... (of the Cistercian Order) whereunto he gave at his death certain Lands in the Soke of Gaytune, for erecting a Grange thereon.

The name of his Wife wasIbid. p. 752 b. n. 20. Bertra, by whom he had issue Conan Conan. Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2 pag. 883 b. n 30., who succeeded him in his Honors, and three other Sons, viz. Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2 pag. 883 b. n 30. Robert, Bryan, and Reginald.

This Conan had theMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 391 a. n 60. title of Duke of Britanny, and Earl of Richmund; and in 1 Hen. 2. wentHistory of Wal • s by D. Powel, p 205. into Britanny, where he was receivedHistory of Wal • s by D. Powel, p 205. by the most for their Duke.

¶In 10 H. 2. he wasEx Reg • st. Archiep. Cant. one of the Witnesses to that Recognition made by the King, touching the Peoples Liberties.An. 1156. And according to the example of his Ancestors, boreIbid. pag. 874 b & pag. 875 a. n. 60. an especial love to the Abbey of Iorvauix, for discerningIbid. pag. 874 b & pag. 875 a. n. 60. the place where it stood, viz. At Fors, not to be convenient, he gave the Monks of that House leaveIbid. pag. 874 b & pag. 875 a. n. 60. to translate it unto a piece of Waste Ground in East Witton; and bestowedIbid. pag. 874 b & pag. 875 a. n. 60. on them a large Pasture in Wandes • esdai • , which Land liethIbid. pag. 874 b. n. 20. beyond 〈◊〉 , and extendeth it self unto the Bounds betwixt 〈◊〉 and Massamshire. As alsoIbid pag. 875 a. n. 10, 20 & 30. all that several Pasture on the North of the River 〈◊〉 , reservingIbid pag. 875 a. n. 10, 20 & 30. only liberty for his Deer; giving them leaveIbid pag. 875 a. n. 10, 20 & 30. to take Estovers, and all other necessaries on the South of Iore; and likewise PasturageIbid pag. 875 a. n. 10, 20 & 30. throughout his new Forest, near Richmund, for all their Cattle, withIbid pag. 875 a. n. 10, 20 & 30. power to keep Mastiff Dogs, for chasing out Wolves out of those their Territories.

Moreover, he FoundedIbid pag. 517 a. n 20 & 30. the Priory of Nuns at Roweny in Hartfordshire.

To the Cell of S. Martins, near Richmund, he gaveIbid. pag. 402 a. n. 30. the Tithes of his Mills at Richmund.

To the Monks of Kirstede, he gaveIbid. pag. 810 b. n. 20. the Church of Kaiton, with two Carucates and an hah of Land, lying in the Fields of Kaiton; as also a parcel of Ground called Kaiton-Rahage.

To the Abbey of Denney in Cambridgeshire, he confirmedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 883 b. n. 17. all that Robert his Chamberlain gave thereto: And ratified the Grant of the Land called Wath which his Ancestors had bestowed on the Monks of S. Michael, at the Mount in Cornwal.

He married Margaret Ibid. pag. 883 b. n. 30. (Daughter to Henry, Earl of Huntendon) SisterR. Hoved. pag. 467 b. n. 60. to William, King of Scots; by whom he had only issueR. Hoved. pag. 467 b. n. 60. Constance, a Daughter; firstIbid. pag. 231 a. n. 40 & p. 361 b. n. 30. Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. p 876. n. 10. married unto Geffrey, Fourth Son to Henry the Second, King of England; which Geffrey wasJorval col. • 049 n. 20. in her right Duke of Britanny: Secondly, toR. Hoved. p 363 a. n 40. Ranulph, Earl of Chester, whom she forsookIbid. pag. 452 b. n • 0.; and thirdly, toIbid. pag. 452 b. n. • 0. Guy de Tuarz, Brother to the Vicount of Tuarz.

This Margaret surviving him, became afterwards the WifeMonast Anglic. Vol. 2. pag. 210 b. n 10. of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford.

It is reportedJorval. col. 1049. & Ibid. n. 10., That upon the death of Geffrey, Earl of Anjou, (Father to Henry the Second, King of England) the City of Nantz, in Britanny, electing Geffrey, second Son to the said Geffrey, to be their Ruler; sent for him, and delivered unto him the Possession thereof, as also of the adjacent Province; but he dying soon after, the Earl of Richmund, (id est, this Conan) having the rule of a great part of that Province of Britanny, entered the City of Nantz. Whereof the King (id est, Henry the Second) being informed, he forthwith commanded Ibid col. 1059. n. 30, 40 & 50., That the Earldom should be seised into his own hands; and after wards, discerningIbid col. 1059. n. 30, 40 & 50. that this Conan, who had the Dominion of the greatest part of Britanny, died; leaving only one Daughter and Heir by Margaret, his Wife, Sister unto William, King of Scots; he gaveIbid col. 1059. n. 30, 40 & 50. her in marriage (she being then in Minority) unto Geffrey his younger Son, and took all her Inheritance into his own power: And having so done, then observingIbid., that the vulgar people of that Countrey being much opprest by some of their Superiors, had addressed themselves to him for protection; he presently subduedIbid. those great ones; and thereupon reduced the whole Countrey of Britanny to his own Dominion.

This Conan dyingMS. in Bibl. Cotton, (Domitian, A. 8.) fol 85 b. in Britanny Lib. • ich. mund MS. in Bibl. Cotton., An. 1171. (17 Hen. 2.) was buriedLib. • ich. mund MS. in Bibl. Cotton. at Begar; whereupon, the Honor of Richmund was retained in the Kings hands for a time: For in 21 Hen. 2. Ranulph de Glanvil accountedRot Pip. 2 • H. 2. sub tit. Honor. Conan. for the ancient Ferme thereof, which was 535 l. 14 s. 10 d. So alsoRot pip. 29 Hen. • . Ebor. in 29 Hen. 2.

¶Unto which, Conan in right of Constan • e, his sole Daughter and Heir, Geffrey, Fourth Son to King Henry the Second, having takenJoh. Tinemuth, MS. in Bibl Bo • l. (V 4. 4. Jur.) l. 19. c 68. her to Wife (as hath been said) in the year 1166 (her Father, Earl Conan, thenEx Vet MS. in Bibl Cotton, (Domi • ian A. 8.) fol. 82 b. living) succeeded in these Earldoms: Which Conan thereupon granted Ibid. to King Henry, to the use of his said Son Geffrey, Geffrey. the whole Dutchy of Britanny, excepting the County of Guincamp, descended Ibid. to him from Earl Stephen his Grandfather.

This Geffrey receivedYpod. N. 43. n. 30. the Honor of Knighthood at the hands of King Henry his Father at Woodstock, in the year 1178. (24 Hen. 2.) But of him there is not much more memorable, in regard he diedRad de Dice • o, col. 630. n 60. when he was but Twenty eight years of age; being then unhappily killed R. Hoved. p. 360. n 40. at Paris by the stroke of an Horse, in a Tourneament held there upon the 14. Kal. of Sept. Whereupon he was buriedRad. de Diceto, u • supra. in the Church of Nostredame, within the Quire of the Canons there, leavingRad. de Diceto, u • supra. issue by the same Constance two Daughters, as also a Son bornYpod. • . p. 44. n. after his death; viz. Upon Easter day, the Fourth Kalender of April ensuing (An. scil. 1187.) whose name was calledYpod. • . p. 44. n. Arthur.

The nameJorval. col. 1049. n 20. of one of the Daughters was Eleanor le Bret. Which Eleanor departingEx Coll. R. Gl. S. this life, in the Castle of Bristol, 4 Id. Aug. An. 1241. (25 Hen. 3.) was first buriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. in the Church of S. Iames at Bristol; but afterwards by the Kings appointment, translatedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. to the Monastery of Nuns at Ambresbury. The name of the other Daughter appeareth not.

Unto this Earldom of Richmund, did belong Rot. Pip. 6 Ric 1. Ebor. no less then Cxl Knights Fees.

After the death of this Geffrey, Constance his Widow was givenR. Hoved. f. 363. n. 50. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. (X. 84.) l. 29 b. in marriage to Ranulph, Earl of Chester, (as hath been before exprest) with whom he enjoyed both these Honors of Britanny and Richmund. But she forsaking him (as hath been said) Arthur her Son, having been honoredR. Rov • d. 452. n. 10 & 20. with Knighthood by Philip, King of France, in An. 1199. the year following did homageYpod. N. 51. n. 10. to King Iohn for this Earldom of Britanny, it being of the Fee of the Dutchy of Normandy. Notwithstanding which, King Iohn detainedAnnal. Mat. Paris, in An. 1202. from him all his Lands in Normandy, Turon, Anjou, and Poictou; whereupon, the King of France taking occasion to quarrel with King Iohn, required restitution of them to Arthur; but without success, insomuch, as War ensuing betwixt them, the French had the worst. After which, King Iohn sent for his Nephew Arthur to Faleise, and flattering him with fair words, promised him great Honors, if he would desert the King of France, and adhere faithfully to him, as his Leig-Lord and Uncle: But Arthur, who knew himself to be the Son of King Iohns elder Brother (viz. Geffrey, Duke of Britanny and Richmund, beforementioned) answered him with indignation; requiring, That he would make restitution to him of the Kingdom of England, and all other the Lands which King Richard his Uncle had in Possession, upon the day of his death; Vowing, That if he did not do it speedily, he should not be at Peace. Which expressions so much awakened King Iohn, that he forthwith commanded H. Knighton, col. 2413. n. 60 & 2414. his Nephew Arthur should be sent to Roan, and there straitly imprisoned in the new Tower; where he had not long been, but for fear lest the great Men of England should adhere to him, as being the next and rightful Heir to the Crown, he caused him to be murthered H. Knighton, col. 2413. n. 60 & 2414. by the hands of Peter de Mauley, one of his Esquires; unto whom, for the reward of that wicked service, he gave the Heir of the Barony of Mulgreve to Wife.

As to the manner of his death, it is saidL • l Coll. Vol. 1. 768., That passing from one Ship to another, to go into England, as a prisoner, a Marriner laid a Plank in such a sort, that as soon as he trode upon it, he fell into the Sea, and was drowned.

Having thus given an account of this Earldoms Succession from Alan the first, to Conan, the last of the ancient Earls, whose sole Daughter and Heir Constance, first took to Husband Geffrey, Fourth So • to King Henry the Second: As also of the Murther of Arthur, her only Son, who had no issue; and that she afterwards married to Ranulph, Earl of Chester, who in her right enjoyed it. I shall now observe, that this Constance, being at length divorcedEx Lib. MS. de Feodis Comit. Richm. Vinc. Discov. p. 62. from Earl Ranulph, by reason of Adultery, marriedEx Lib. MS. de Feodis Comit. Richm. Vinc. Discov. p. 62. lastly to Guy de Toarche, and had issueEx Lib. MS. de Feodis Comit. Richm. Vinc. Discov. p. 62. by him a Daughter, called Alice; who, after the death of her Parents, remainingEx Lib. MS. de Feodis Comit. Richm. Vinc. Discov. p. 62. in Ward to the King of France, was by that King givenEx Lib. MS. de Feodis Comit. Richm. Vinc. Discov. p. 62. in marriage to Sir Peter Ma • clere Peter. (a Knight of his) with Britanny, and what else was of her Inheritance.

Not long after which, King Io • n being highly discontentedMat. Paris, in an. 1215. towards those of his Barons, who had extorted from him the two notable Charters of their Liberties, called Magna Carta, and Carta de Ferest • , which bear date 15 Iunii, in Seventeenth of His Reign; upon his recess Pat. 17 Joh. m. 7. from London, with purpose to raise what strength he could, for the redeeming himself out of their power; by hisIbid. Lette • s, directed to this Peter, bearing date at Warham (in Com. Dors.) 12 Aug. next ensuing, in which he calls him Earl of Britanny, did signifie, That in case he would come into England, he would restore unto him the Honor of Richmund, with its Appurtenances, as appertaining to his said Earldom of Britany; and thereupon, required him to hasten over with all possible speed, well furnished with Horse and Arms; as also to bring with him what power he could raise for his aid; and to do his homage, with what service, otherwise, he ought to perform.

Whereupon he cameClaus. 3 Hen. 3. m. • 2., and had LiveryClaus. 3 Hen. 3. m. • 2. of all the Lands pertaining to that Honor, in right of his said Wife. And not long after that, viz in 3 Hen. 3. agreed, ThatClaus. 3 Hen. 3. m. • 2. the King should. thenceforth have of the Knights Fees belonging thereto, Thirty on the South of Hum • er, such as he should chuse.

After which, that King became so cordial to him; as that, in 14 of His Reign, he did by his Letters Patents declarePat. 14 H. 3. d • Tranr • r. Regis in Britan. p. 1. m 3., That so long as the Wars with the French should continue, he would assist him (giving him, by those his Letters, the title of Duke of Britanny, and Earl of Richmund) with Four hundred Knights, and One hundred Servants on Horsback, of which number One hundred to be of his own Knights; as also Pat. 14 H. 3. d • Tranr • r. Regis in Britan. p. 1. m 3. that he would give him pay for Three hundred Knights, and an Hundred Servants more; and for performance thereof obliged himself by Oath. Richard, Earl of Cornwal, with some other eminent persons, doing the like, as undertakers Pat. 14 H. 3. d • Tranr • r. Regis in Britan. p. 1. m. 3. for him therein.

Nevertheless, though the King then gave him the Appellation of Earl of 〈◊〉 , he had notIbid p. 2. m. 8. the compleat fruition of that Barony, Ranulph, Earl of Chester, retainingIbid. p. 2. m. 8. the Lands thereof in his hands, until by a special Precept Ibid. p. 2. m. 8. to the Bishop of Chichester, then Lord Chancellor, and Stephen de Segrave (afterwards Justice of England) command was given, that Livery should forthwith be made to him thereof. After which, (viz. the next ensuing year) he had farther LiveryClaus. 15 H. 3. m. 17. of the Mannors of 〈◊〉 , Wike, and Netlested, in Com. Suss. which were of his Fee.

To this Peter succeeded Iohn, Iohn. his Son and Heir, in the title of Earl (for ought I find to the Contrary) though the Barony, Lands, and Knights Fees, thereto belonging, were otherwise disposed of by the King for a time.

For, in An. 1241. (25 Hen. 3.) it is manifest, That the King, by his especial CharterCart. 25 H. 3. m. 4., bearing date 1 Maii the same year, gave to Peter de Savoy, Peter de Sa • o • . Uncle to Queen Alianore (viz. Son 〈…〉 368. to Thomas, Earl of Savoy,) and his Heirs for ever, for his homage and service, the Towns of Richmund and Bovis, with the Castles, Wapentakes, and all their Appurtenances; as also the Mannors of Cheteriz, Moleton, Gillinges, and Forsete, in Com. Ebor. Likewise, the Church of Geitune, the Town of Boston, with the Soke and Fairs; the Mannors of Frampton, Wikes, and Walsingburg, in Com. Linc. The Mannor of Swasham, with the Mannor and Soke of Costesey, in Com. Norf. The Mannor and Soke of Wischete; the Mannor and Soke of Ketleberg; the Mannor of Netle •• ed, and Mannor of Wikes, near Ipswich, in Com. Suff. The Mannors of Bassingburne and Hinton, in Com. Cantab. And the Mannor of Cestrehunt, in Com. Hertf. To hold by the Service of five Knights Fees. And, in September following, bestowedPat. 25 H. 3. m. 2. on him all the Lands of Iohn de Warren, in Sussex and Surrey; as also the Honor of Eagle for his support, in his Service; constitutingPat. 25 H. 3. m. 2. him likewise Governor of the Castle of Lewes in Sussex; for which respect I shall here speak, what I have farther to relate of him.

Matthew Paris taking notice of this Peter de Savoy's first coming into England this year, saithIn A. 1241. p. 549. n. 30., That the King gave him Comitatum Richmundiae, the Earldom of Richmund; which, it seems, he enjoyed for some time, though it doth not appear by any Record that I have seen; that he either used, or had the title of Earl attributed to him, until 50 Hen. 3. That the King caused LiveryPat. 50 H. 3. m 17. & m. 15. in dorso. to be given thereof to Iohn, Duke of Brittain, upon the Grant of other Lands to this Peter, in exchange for the same (as I shall fart • er shew anon.)

Upon this his arrival here, in 25 Hen. 3. certain it is, That the King entertainedMat. Paris, ut supra. him with much joy, and madeMat. We • tm. in An. 1241. him cheif of his Council. After which, ere long, viz. In the xvme of Easter he heldMat. Paris, 550. n. 30. a Tourneament at Northampton, against Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk▪ to the • nd, that those Aliens who came into England with him, and others, might try masteries with the English. And, the next ensuing year, fearing Ibid. pag. 5 • 8. n. 60. & p. 5 • 9. • that his power and trust here, might be displeasing to the English, prudently resignedIbid. pag. 5 • 8. n. 60. & p. 5 • 9. • the custody of those Castles, which had been committed to his charge, cravingIbid. pag. 5 • 8. n. 60. & p. 5 • 9. • leave to return into his own Countrey. But I do not discern that he went out of England accordingly; for, before the end of that year, the Kings subjects in Poicto • , beingIbid. pag. 583. & n. 10. in no little fear of an Invasion from the French, and earnestly sollicitingIbid. pag. 583. & n. 10. King Henry for some aid, he sentIbid. pag. 583. & n. 10. over this Peter de Savoy, with Peter de Egueblanch, Bishop of Hereford, to let them know, that he was preparing to come speedily to them, in person, with a very great power,

In 28 Hen. 3. uponIbid. pag. 640. a Convention of the Nobility and Prelates of the whole Realm, he was Ibid. pag. 640. one of those whom the King sent to the Prelates, to acquaint them of his desire, for some supply of Money, in order to his Wars in Gascoigne, as also to restrain the Incursions of the Welsh. And in 29 Hen. 3. obtained a farther GrantCart. 29 H. 3 m. 7. in Cedula. of the Honor of Egle (in this Realm) which did Hereditarily belong to Gilbert de Aquila; with the Advowsons of Churches thereunto appertaining, as also of the Castle of Pevensey, with the Wards and Knights Fees thereto belonging; exceptingIbid. such Lands, as Gilbert Mareschal, sometime Earl of Pembroke, who formerly enjoyed that Honor by the Kings gift, had disposedIbid. of, viz. The Town of Greywel, in marriage to Gilbert Basset, with Isabel, Daughter of William de Ferrers his Neece; and the Town of Ryp in marriage to Robert de Bruys, and Isabel, the Daughter of the Earl of Glocester, another of his Neeces.

In 30 Hen. 3. the King grantedCa • t. 30 H. 3. p. 1. m. 11. in • edula. to him the Inheritance of those Houses in the Street called the Strand, in the Suburbs of London, and adjoyning to the River of Thames, formerly belonging to Brian de Lisle; paying yearly to the Kings Exchequer at the Feast of S. Michael, three Barbed Arrows for all Services. Which Houses (situateEx magn • Regist • o Ducat. Lanc. tit▪ Middles▪ in the Parish of S. Innocents of Blankminster) Queen Alianore, in her widow-hood, having obtained by purchaseEx magn • Regist • o Ducat. Lanc. tit▪ Middles▪ from the Provost and Chapter of the House of Montjoy, granted Ex magn • Regist • o Ducat. Lanc. tit▪ Middles▪ to Edmund her Son (afterward Earl of Lancaster) they still retained the name of Savoy.

It is saidMat▪ Paris, 722. n. 10., that in An. 1247. (31 Hen. 3.) this Peter returning from beyond Sea, brought divers young Damsels thence, to make Wives for such of the English Nobility, as the King had then in Ward; which gave great discontent to the English.

In An. 1248. (32 Hen. 3.) in a great Convention Ibid. pag. 743. n. 50 • of all the Nobles of England, he wasIbid. pag. 743. n. 50 • one; and in 33 Hen. 3. had the Castle and Honor of Hastings in Sussex, committed Pat. 33 H. 3. m 2. to his custody. So likewisePat. 37 H. 3. m. 22., the Castle and Honor of Tykhil, in Com. Ebor. Moreover, in 36 Hen. 3. he obtained a GrantPat. 36 H. 3. m. 3. of the marriage of Baldwine, Son and Heir to the Earl of Devon, to marry unto some one of the Queens Kinred, such as he should think best.

In 37 Hen. 3. having taken a solemn OathPat. 37 Hen. 3. m. 12., and obligedPat. 37 Hen. 3. m. 12. himself by writing, to attend the King into the Holy Land; the King, for his support Pat. 37 Hen. 3. m. 12., in this his designed Pilgrimage, then promised Pat. 37 Hen. 3. m. 12. to give him Ten thousand marks at Marsiels, and to provide a Ship for him, well victualled and furnished with other necessaries; as also, upon his coming into the Holy Land, to give him Twenty Coursers. Furthermore, towards this his Pilgrimage, he gaveClaus. 37 • 3. m. 12. him a thousand pounds more, being a debt due to the Exchequer, by Iohn Fitz-Geffrey, Justice of Ireland, for the Wardship of the Lands of Theobald le Butiller.

In An. 1257. (41 Hen. 3.) he was, amongst others, oneMat. Paris, p. 958. n. 20. of the Ambassadors then sent to the King of France, to require restitution of those Rights, which were by him with-held from King Henry, and thereby to prevent a War betwixt both Crowns. Also, in An. 1259. (43 Hen. 3.) upon adviceIbid. pag. 986. n. 1 • . had by the King, with his whole Baronage, he wasIbid. pag. 986. n. 1 • . one of the Ambassadors then sent to the Parliament of France, for composing the differences betwixt both Crowns, which had been of long continuance: In order whereto they carriedIbid. pag. 986. n. 1 • . over King Henry the Thirds Resignation of all his title to the Dutchy of Normandy. And by his Testament Pat. 53 H. • . m. 54 • , bearing date in 53 Hen. 3. bequeathed to Queen Alianore, the Earldom of • ichmund; as also, toPat. 55 H. 3. m. 29. Thomas, Amaedius, and Lewes, his Brothers, the Honors of Egle and Hastings.

¶Having now done with this Peter de Savoy, I return to Iohn de Dreux, Iohn. Son to Peter de Dreux, formerly Earl of Richmund, as is before observed. In 45 Hen. 3. this Iohn (his Father being Pat. 45 H. 3. m. 9. then alive) obtained from the King a gift Pat. 45 H. 3. m. 9. of Twelve thousand pounds sterling, for the extent and value of the Earldom of Richmund; and besides that, Two hundred marks, as a free giftIbid.; the King then Covenanting Ibid. with him, That if the value thereof, should (upon this extent) be found more, then to give a farther allowance proportionable to the surplusage.

In 46 Hen. 3. Prince Edward releasingCart. 46 Hen. 3. m. 3. Pat. 53 H. 3. m. 27. and quit-claiming to the King, all his Interest to the Honor and Rape of Hastings in Com. Suss. The King thereupon, grantedCart. 46 Hen. 3. m. 3. Pat. 53 H. 3. m. 27. the said Honor, Castle, and Rape, to this Iohn, in lieu of the Lands belonging to the Honor of Richmund; which Lands Peter de Savoy passedIbid. to the King in exchange for the Honor of Hastings. After which, viz. in 50 Hen. 3. this Iohn had Livery Pat. 50 H. 3. m. 17. & m. 15. in dorso. of the said Earldom of Richmund from Guischard de Charrun, (a servant to the same Peter de Savoy) who was authorised thereunto, as it seems.

And having thus obtained Peter de Savoys title, the King by his LettersPat. 52 H. 3. m. 9. Patents, bearing date at Woodstoke, 6 Iuly, 52 Hen. 3. granted unto him, by the name of Iohn, Duke of Britanny, Son to Peter, late Duke of Britanny, the Earldom of Richmund, which his Ancestors had formerly enjoyed (as the Record expresseth) to hold to himself and his heirs, of the said King and his heirs, as his proper Inheritance. And within few days after (viz. 20 Iuly, the same year) by his CharterPat. 52 H. 3. m. 26 & 27. dated at Nor • thamp • on, granted unto him the Castle and Honor of Richmund in Fee. In consideration whereof, he quit-claimedIbid. m. 28. in Cedula. to that King, all his right and title to the Earldom of Ageno • s in France.

Being thus possessed of the Earldom of Richmund, he did thereupon ratifieMonast. Anglic Vol. 1. p 878 a, b. all the Grants, which had been made by his Ancestors to the Monks of Iervaul • Abbey in Com. Ebor. And in 53 Hen. 3. obtained LicensePat. 53 H. 3. m▪ 23. to go into the Holy Land; for his support in which journey, he likewise obtained leavePat. 53 H. 3. m▪ 23. to Demise certain Lands, parcel of the Honor of Richmund for some time, to the end he might borrow Two thousand marks thereon; as alsoPat. 53 H. 3. m▪ 23. this farther favor, viz. that in case he should die before his return, his Executors (if his heir should be under age, and consequently in Ward to the King) might retain those Lands, until that debt of Two thousand marks should be clearly discharged.

In this 53 year of King Henry the Third's Reign, he obtained a GrantPat 27 E. 1. m. 7. per Inspe • . from the King of the Honor and Rape of Hastings, with the custody of the Castle and Knights Fees; and the next ensuing year, accompaniedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p 772. Prince Edward into the Holy Land.

In 2 Edw. 1. he procured the Kings Letters Pat. 2 Ed. 1. m. 12. mandatory to all the Tenants of the before-specified Honor and Rape of Hastings, to do him homage. And having buriedStows Survey, p. 345 a. Beatrix his Wife (Daughter to King Henry the Third) in the Gray Friers Church in London, in An. 1275. (3 Edw. 1.) he CovenantedMonast Anglic Vol. 2. p. 196 a. n. 40. with the Canons of Eglestone (in Com. Pal. Dunelm.) that they and their Successors should find Six of their Covent, to celebrate Divine Service in the Castle of Richmund for ever: The first of them to sing Mass for the instant day, or Festival, or of the Holy Ghost, with Note; the second of the Blessed Virgin, with Note; the third for the Soul of the before specified Beatrix his Wife; and after his death, for both their Souls; as also for the Souls of all the faithful deceased. The Fourth and fifth of the Blessed Virgin without Note; and the Sixth, for the Soul of the said Beatrix till his own death; and afterwards for both their Souls, and the Souls of all the Faithful deceased. Which Canons to be perpetually Resident in the said Castle of Richmund (the number of Thirteen in their Covent at Eglestone, not lessened.) And for their support therein, gave unto them his Capital Messuage at Multon, with all his Demesn La • ds there; as also eight Ox-gangs of Land in that Lordship, and Four and twenty Loads of Turff, with Twenty Cart Loads of Heath, to be yearly taken in the Moor of Boghes.

Moreover, for their Lodgings, he appointed them a certain place within his Castle of •• chmund, near to the Great Chappel: Provided, that in time of War, they should perform these Services at Egl • sto • e▪ unless by special appointment of the Lord of the Honor of • ichmund, or his Bailiff.

In 5 Edw. 1. he obtained a GrantPat. 5 Ed. 1. m. 3. of all the Liberties, in Com. Essex; Hertf. Nor •• . Suff. Cantabr. Hunt. Linc. and Nott. belonging to the Honor of Richmund; and died 〈◊〉 13 E 1. n 23. in 13 Ed. 1. leaving Arthur Arthur. his Son 〈◊〉 13 E 1. n 23. and heir Twenty one years of age.

To which Arthur succeeded Iohn, Ioh • . his Brother and Heir, who in An. 1293. (21 Edw. 1.) was GeneralLel Coll. Vol. 1. p 182. of King Edward's Army, the • sent into Gascoigne: And the next year following, being the Kings LieutenantRot. Vascon. • 2 E. 1. m. • 0. Tho. Wals. p. • 5 n 30. in 〈◊〉 , was joyned in CommissionRot. Vascon. • 2 E. 1. m. • 0. Tho. Wals. p. • 5 n 30. with the Seneschal of Aquitane, and some others, to conclude a League of Amity with the King of 〈◊〉 , and thereupon wentRot Vasc •• ▪ • t supra m 11. accordingly.

In 24 Edw. 1. upon a skirmish • ho Wals. p 29. n 40. with the French, near • urdea • x; the French flying • ho Wals. p 29. n 40. into the City. This Iohn, with Peter de Mauley, and Alan de Zouche, following them too far, were taken • ho Wals. p 29. n 40. prisoners; and in 27 Edw. 1. in consideration Claus. 34 Ed 1. m 1 per Inspex. of his good and laudable Services, obtained a GrantClaus. 34 Ed 1. m 1 per Inspex. from the King of a thousand pounds per annum, to be received out of the Exchequer, until better provision should be made for him; in which Grant, King Edward callsClaus. 34 Ed 1. m 1 per Inspex. him, His beloved Nephew.

In 28 Edw. 1. beingClaus 34 Edw 1. n 20. with the King in his Scotish Wars, he had ScutageClaus 34 Edw 1. n 20. of all his Tenants by Military Service. Moreover, in 33 Edw. 1. he was constitutedPat 33 E 1▪ p 2 m 4. the Kings Lieutenant in Scotland; and continuedRot. Protect. 34 E. 1 m. 12. 〈◊〉 Socc. • 5 Ed. 1. m. 1. there for the space of the two next ensuing years.

In 34 Edw. 1. having obtainedPa • 34 Ed 1. m 〈◊〉 . from King Edward a Grant of the Earldom of Brita •• y, he had SummonsClaus. 3▪ Ed 1. in dorso, m 2. to the Parliament held at Carlis • e the same year.

In 1 Edw. 2. he was again constitutedPat. 1 Ed. 2. p 2. m. 28 the Kings Lieutenant in Scotland, and in 2 Edw. 2. continuedR • t. Scoc 〈…〉 14. in that Realm.

In 13 Edw. 2. the Scots advancingY • od Neustr. p. 104. Tho Wa •• . p 90. n 30. & pag. • 9. n 30 into England as far as York (at which time they burnt Y • od Neustr. p. 104. Tho Wa •• . p 90. n 30. & pag. • 9. n 30 the Suburbs of that City, and made great spoil Y • od Neustr. p. 104. Tho Wa •• . p 90. n 30. & pag. • 9. n 30 in many other places; being taken prisoner Y • od Neustr. p. 104. Tho Wa •• . p 90. n 30. & pag. • 9. n 30 by them in that fight uponLel Coll. Vol 1 p • 93. Blackm • ore near Byland Abbey, he was afterwards ransomed Tho 〈◊〉 . ut supra for a great sum of Money: Towards the payment whereof, the King requiredYpod. Neustr. pag. 106. n. • 0. a Subsidy in his Parliament held at London, in 17 Edw. 2. but could notYpod. Neustr. pag. 106. n. • 0. obtain it: So that by Letters HortatoryPat. 17 Ed 2. p. 1 m. 15. to all his Tenants, the Money was raised by a free Contribution.

Being thus at liberty again, in 18 Edw. 2. he wasTho Wal • . p. 100. n 40. one of the Ambassadors then sent to the King of France, for securing the Dutchy of Aquitane from farther spoil by the French.

It is saidIbid. pag. 202. n. 30., That, about this time, by the Kings procurement, he should have murthered the Queen and the Prince.

In 1 Edw. 3, this Iohn obtained LicensePat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 28. to grant the Earldom of Richmund, together with the Castles of Richmund and Bowes, (which he had of the gift of King Edward the Second) unto Arthur, his Brother and Heir. In 5 Edw. 3. he obtained the like LicensePat. 5 Ed. 3. p 2. m. 32. to grant unto Mary de S. Paul, Countess of Pembroke, the same Castles of Richmund and Bowes, with all other the Mannors and Lands, belonging to his Earldom of Richmund. And in 7 Edw. 3. procured leavePat. 7 Ed. 3. p. 1. m 3. to reside beyond Sea, to follow his own business. But all I can farther say of him, is, That he gaveS • ows Survey, p. 341. Three hundred pounds to the new building of the Grey-Friers Church in London, bestowingS • ows Survey, p. 341. many rich Jewels and Ornaments thereon; and departing this life in 8 Edw. 3. without issue, was buried at Uanys in Britanny.

Whereupon Iohn de Dreux, Iohn. Son of Arthur, Earl of Britanny, didTho. Wals. p 113. n. 10. his homage for this Earldom of Richmund; but diedRo • Fin. • 5 Ed. 3. m. 16. 16 May, 15 Ed. 3.

Soon after which, Iohn, Duke of Britanny, and Earl of 〈◊〉 , having his Earldom of Montfort, seisedPat. 15 E. 3. pag. 2. m 8. upon by the King of France, in regard he adheredPat. 15 E. 3. pag. 2. m 8. to King Edward, in recompence thereof obtained a grantPat. 15 E. 3. pag. 2. m 8. of this Earldom of Richmund, to hold as freely as Iohn, late Duke of Britanny, and Earl of Richmund, enjoyed the same; until such time, as he should reposses his Earldom of Montfort. Whereupon he didTho. Wals. p. 116. n. 30. his homage for it.

In 19 Edw. 3. the King being necessitatedRot. Franc. 19 Edw. 3. m. 4. to another Expedition into France, required Rot. Franc. 19 Edw. 3. m. 4. this Iohn to repair unto him, upon the Feastday of S. Lawrence, with all his Retinue, well-fitted with Horse and Arms, and to attend him thither.

In 36 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 36 Ed. 3. m. 5. again, on the behalf of King Edward, in the Wars of France. But that which I next meet with, as most memorable of this Iohn, is, That whereas King Edward the Third had by his CharterCart. 16 Ed. 3. m 1., bearing date 20 Sept. the Sixteenth of His Reign, advanced Iohn of Gant, (his fourth Son) to the Dignity of Earl of Richmund; and thereupon givenCart. 16 Ed. 3. m 1. him the Honor of Richmund, with all the Castles, Mannors, Lands, &c. to the same Earldom appertaining; in 34 Edw. 3. taking noticeClaus. 35 Edw. 3. m. 39. in dorso. thereof, he releasedClaus. 35 Edw. 3. m. 39. in dorso. and quit-claimed to the said Iohn of Gant, all his Right, Title, and Claim thereto.

Howbeit, some years after, viz. in 45 Edw. 3. uponRot. Franc. 45 Edw. 3. m. 7, a certain Agreement then made betwixt King Edward, and this Iohn; the King then grantingRot. Franc. 45 Edw. 3. m. 7, unto him, in General Tail, divers Castles and Lands in Aquitane, to be held of the Prince of Aquitane, by Homage: As also, Rot. Franc. 45 Edw. 3. m. 7, the whole Dukedom of Brit • nny, to be held of the said King Edward, as King of France, by homage; he rendredRot. Franc. 45 Edw. 3. m. 7, to the said King divers other Castles and Lands.

Whereupon, the next ensuing year, uponPat. 46 Ed. 3 p. 2. m 33. a farther Agreement betwixt King Edward and him; for the special affection which the King bore unto him, (as the words of the Patent do import) andPat. 46 Ed. 3 p. 2. m 33. to the end, that he and the heirs of his Body, should keep those Covenants which were then newly made betwixt them: The King then gavePat. 46 Ed. 3 p. 2. m 33. unto him, and Ioan his Wife, and to the heirs of his Body, the Castle, Town, and Honor of Richmund, with all the Castles, Mannors, and Lands thereto belonging; as also Ro • . Franc. 46 Edw. 3▪ n. 21. & n 12. the Earldom of Richmund; shortly after which, viz. in 48 Edw. 3. he served the King again, in his Wars of France; but afterwards, being takenCatal. of Nob by R. B. at Nants, by the Earl of Bloys; diedCatal. of Nob by R. B. in prison at Paris; leaving issue by the said Ioan his Wife, DaughterIbid. to Charles, King of Navarre, (afterwards married to Henry the Fourth, King of England) Iohn Ibid., his Son and Heir; and a Daughter called Ioan, WifeIbid. to Raphe, Lord Basse • of Drayton.

Which Iohn, Iohn▪ being stiledIbid. The Valiant, in 1 Rich. 2. was by IndentureEx. Autog • . penès Clerie. Pell. retained to serve the King in his Wars of France, for one quarter of an year, with Two hundred Men at Arms, (whereof himself accounted) Twelve Knights, and One hundred eighty seven Archers. And in 2 Rich. 2. in con • iderationClaus. 6 Ri • . 2. p. • ▪ m. 32. of the Castle of Brest in Britanny, which he delivered Claus. 6 Ri • . 2. p. • ▪ m. 32. up to King Richard, obtained a Grant Claus. 6 Ri • . 2. p. 1. m. 32. to himself, and Ioan his Wife, Sister to the King, of the Castle and Mannor of Rising in Com. Norf. with that part of the Toulbooth at Linne, appertaining to the King.

In 3 Rich. 2. bearing the titleRot. Fran▪ 3 Rich. • , m. 26. of Duke of Britanny, Earl of Montfort, and Richmund, he wasRot. Fran▪ 3 Rich. • , m. 26. again in the Wars of France. But shortly after this, fallingPat. 5 Ri • . 2. pag. 1. m. 16. off to the King of France, contraryPat. 5 Ri • . 2. pag. 1. m. 16. to his Faith and Allegiance to the King of England, and his Progenitors, his Lands in England werePat. 5 Ri • . 2. pag. 1. m. 16. seised: Whereupon, after some time, ensued his absolute deposalRot. Parl. 14 R. 2. n. 14. from all titles of Honor here, by Act of Parliament.

After which, viz. in 21 Rich. 2. Ioan his Sister, then Widow of Raphe, Lord Basset of Drayton, obtained LiveryPat. 21 R. 2. p. 3. m. 11. of the Castle, County, and Honor of Richmund.

Ribald of Middleham.

HAving thus done with the Succession of these Earls, I come to Ribald, R • bald. a younger BrotherEx Vet. Membr. in Bibl. Cotto • ▪ to Alan, sirnamed Niger, the Second Earl of Britanny and Richmund.

This Ribald, by the giftDomesd. Ebor. of Earl Alan his Brother, had the Lordship of Middleham, in the Northern Parts of Yorkshire; which he held, together with Scrastone, Speningetorp, Havogswell, and Wadles, in that County, at the time of the General Survey, made by King William the Conqueror. And in his age, betakingEx P •• d. Vet. Membr. himself to a devout course of life, was shornEx P •• d. Vet. Membr. a Monk in the Abbey of S. Maries at York.

To him succeeded Raphe Raphe. his Son and Heir; of whom I find, that he took to WifeEx ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Co • ton. Agatha, the Daughter to Robert de Brus (of Skelton) and hadEx ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Co • ton. with her the Lordship of Ailewic in Hertnes, in Frank-marriage; as also, that, forMonast. Anglic Vol. 1. pag. 758 b. n. 10. the health of the Souls of his Father and Mother, he gaveMonast. Anglic Vol. 1. pag. 758 b. n. 10 to the Monks of Fountaines in Com. Ebor. all those Lands lying betwixt Aldeburgh and Welle, touching which, there had been variance betwixt them; and likewiseMonast. Anglic Vol. 1. pag. 758 b. n. 10, that Common of Pasture belonging to Welle and Snape, and the other Hamlets appertaining to Welle; to hold for Ten years, from the Feast of S. Martin, which should next happen after the death of William, Archbishop of York. (commonly called Saint William:) To which Grant, Robert and Ribald his Sons; as also Henry his Brother, were witnessesIbid.. And, that in 14 Hen. 2. he paidRot Pip. 14 H 2 Norf. & Suff. half a mark to the King, upon Collection of the Aid for the marriage of Maud his Daughter to the Emperor.

To this Raphe succeeded Robert. Robert. (his Son and Heir) who in 8 Io • . gaveRot. Pip • Joh. Ebor. Two hundred marks Fine to the King, for Livery of the Purparty belonging to Ber • a, Neece of Ranulph de Glanvill, Wife of Wil • iam de Stutevill, lying in Leyburn and Braham (she being then married to him, as I ghess.)

To him succeeded Ranulph, Ranulph. his Son and Heir, who in 13 Ioh. was acquittedRot Pip 13 Joh. Norf. • Suff. • from the Scutage of Scotland.

This Ranulph, in 7 Ioh. gave a Fine to the King of Two hundred marks for Livery of the third part of the Inheritance of William de Stutevill, in Braham and • eyburne; which Lands the said William had in marriage with Berta his Wife, who was then dead without issue, they being of his Inheritance.

This Ranulph having much contestMonast. Anglic Vol 2. p. 641 a. n. 40. with the Canons of Swainby in Com. Ebor. there FoundedIbid. n. 30. by Helewise, the Daughter and Heir to Ranulph de Glanvil (Justice of 〈◊〉 , in King Henry the Second's time) translatedIbid. n. 40. them to Coverham, near his Mannor House of Middleham; and departingIbid. n. 50. this life in An. 1251. (31 Hen. 3.) was buriedIbid. n. 50. at • overham, leaving issue Raphe Raphe. his Son and Heir, commonly calledClaus. 4 • Hen. 3. in dorso▪ m. 12. Raphe Fitz-Ranulph, who doing Rot Fin. 37 Hen. 3. m 4 Claus. 42 H. 3. in dorso▪ m. 12. his homage, in 37 H. 3. had LiveryRot Fin. 37 Hen. 3. m 4 Claus. 42 H. 3. in dorso▪ m. 12. of his Lands: And in 42 Hen. 3. amongstRot Fin. 37 Hen. 3. m 4 Claus. 42 H. 3. in dorso▪ m. 12. other eminent Men of the North, had SummonsRot Fin. 37 Hen. 3. m 4 Claus. 42 H. 3. in dorso, m. 12. to fit himself with Horse and Arms, and all the power he could make, to march into Sco •• an • , for rescue of the King of that Realm (who had married King Henry the Third's Daughter) out of the hands of his Rebellious Subjects, wherein he was then restrained. And in 49 Hen. 3. was joynedClaus. 50 H. 3. in dorso, m. 9. in Commission with the Sheriff of Nort • amberland, for receiving all such persons into Protection, as in that turbulent and disloyal time, were willing to submit to the Kings Authority. But in 54 Hen. 3. he diedClaus. 54 Hen. 3. m. 7.; whereupon commandClaus. 54 Hen. 3. m. 7. was given to the Eschaetor, to cause all his Lands to be equally shared betwixt his Daughters and Heirs, assigning to Anastasia his Widow her reasonable Dow • y. In pursuance whereof, uponEs • . 54 H 3. n 24. Rot. Fin. 54 H 3. m. 8. Thursday in Whitson week, the same year, Robert de Nevill, in Right of Mary his Wife▪ the eldest of those his Daughters, had Esc. 54 H 3. n 24. Rot. Fin. 54 H 3. m. 8. the Mannors of Middleham and Carletun, with the Forest of Coverdale; Robert de Tatshal, in right of Ioan his Wife (the Second Daughter) the Mannor ofEs • . 54 H 3. n 24. Rot. Fin. 54 H 3. m. 8. Welle, with the moyty of the Woods of Welle and S • ape; the Mannors of Snape and Crakehale, and moyty of the Woods of Welle, stillEs • . 54 H 3. n 24. Rot. Fin. 54 H 3. m. 8. remaining in the Kings hands.

Whereupon, they, the said Robert de Nevill and Robert de Tatshall, doing their homage, had LiveryClaus. 54 H 3. in dorso, m 7. of all those Lands; Anastasia, the third Daughter, beingClaus. 54 H 3. in dorso, m 7. within Age, and then in Ward to the King.

Fitz-Alan of Bedall.

FRom these Descendants of Ribald, I come lastly to Bryan, Brian. a youngerMonast Anglic. Vol 2 p 883 b. n 30. Son to Alan Fergant, A • an Earl of Britanny and Richmund.

This Brian had issueRot Pip. 21 H 2 sub tit. Hono • . Conani. Alan, commonly called Rot Pip. 21 H 2 sub tit. Hono • . Conani. Alanus filius Briani, who in 21 Hen. 2. gave Rot Pip. 21 H 2 sub tit. Hono • . Conani. Fifteen marks to the King, for the Goods of those his Tenants that adhered to the Kings Enemies; but departed this life in 2 Rich. 1. whereupon the Wardship of his Son and Heir, called Rot Pip. 2 Ric 1. Wilts. Brian Fitz-Alan, Brian. was grantedRot Pip. 2 Ric 1. Wilts. to Hubert, Bishop of Salisbury.

Which Brian, in 2 Ioh. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 2 Jokn. 184. for Free-Warren throughout all his Lands, wheresoever, lying out of the Kings Forests. And in 12 Hen. 3. was made Sheriff of Pat. 22 H 3. m. 5. Northumberland, and Governor of the Castle at Newcastle upon Tine, and continued Rot. Pip de iisdem annois Sheriff of that County, till 19 Hen. 3. inclusive. Moreover, in 20 Hen. 3. he was constitutedRot. Pip. 20 H. 3 Ebor. Sheriff of Yorkshire, as also GovernorPat 20 H. 3. m. 8. of the Castles of Scardeburg • and • icke • ing, and continued Sheriff of that County, till the end of the Two and twentieth year of Henry the Third.

And gaveEx Autogr in tur • e Beat • Mari • Ebor. to the Nuns of Sin •• ngthwait, a Toft and Croft, in • skham-Brian, for to keep the Anniversary of Agnes his Mother, perpetually in their Church, which Agnes Ex Autogr in tur • e Beat • Mari • Ebor. was Daughter of Bertram Haget, Sister and Coheir of Gilbert; with whom he hadEx Autogr in tur • e Beat • Mari • . Ebor. the Mannors of Helagh, Wighill, Bainton, and Essedike, and divers other Lands in Yorkshi • e.

To him succeeded another Brian Fitz-Alan, Brian. who in 5 Edw. 1. wasClaus 5 Ed. 1 m 12. in that expedition then made into • ales; and in 19 Edw. 1. obtained LicensePat 19 E • . m. 4. to make a Castle of his House at • ilwa •• eby in Com. Ebor.

In 20 Edw. 1. being thenRot Sco • . 20 Edw. 1. m. 7. one of the Kings Vicegerents in Scotlan • , uponRot Sco • . 20 Edw. 1. m. 7. the Address of Iohn de Baillol, to King Edward, by way of Claim, as his Hereditary Right, the King directed his PreceptRot Sco • . 20 Edw. 1. m. 7. to this Brian, and the rest, to give him possession thereof; saving the Right to himself and his Heirs.

Not long after which, scil. 10 Iuly, An. 1296. (24 Edw. 1.) the same King freely giving up himself, with his whole Realm, and People of Scotland, at the Castle of Brechmen, unto that great Prelate, Anthony, Bishop of Durham; this Brian Fitz-Alan, with Iohn Comyn of Badenach, and Alexander Kenedy, Chancellor of Scotland, was specially called to witness that memorable Act.

In 23 Edw. 1. he had SummonsClaus. de iisdem act. in dorso. to Parliament, amongst the Barons of this Realm, and so tillClaus. de iisdem act. in dorso. 33 Edw. 1. inclusive. And in 25 Edw. 1. was solely constitutedRot Scoc. 25 Edw. 1. m 1. the Kings Lieutenant of that whole Realm of Scotland. But in 30 Edw. 1. he departedEsc. 30 Ed • ▪ n. 15. this life, and was buried in the South Isle of the Parish Church at • edale in Com. Ebor. Where he hath a noble Monument, with his Effigies in Armor, Crossleg'd, thereon and upon his Shield Barry of eight pieces, Or, and Gules; which Arms do still remain in the Glass of divers Windows there, in large Shields.

The like do I find upon his Grand-fathers Seal, viz. Alan Fitz-Brian, both upon his Shield and the Caparisons of his Horse, affixed to a very ancient DeedAntogr. in Bibl. Cotton., whereby he granted certain Lands in North Cuton, to Iohn de Estlaton and his Heirs.

From both which Testimonies I conclude, That those Arms of Barry, Or, and Gules, which have for some ages past been attributed to Fitz-Alan of Clun in Shropshire, do not of right belong to that Family; that and this (though both of one name) being from several Originals.

The issue which this last mentioned Brian Fitz-Alan left, was only two Daughters, viz. Es • . ut supra. Maud, eight years of Age, and Catherine Es • . ut supra. six, at his death; whose▪ Lands were committedEsc. 37 E. 1. n. 137. to the custody of Henry de Lacy, then Earl of Lincoln, during their minority: Of which Coheirs, Maud became the WifeEx Coll. R. Gl. S. of Sir Gilbert de Stapleton Knight, and Katherine, ofEsc 11 Ed 2. n ... Ebor. Iohn de Grey of Rotherfeld.

Earls of Northumber land.

OF this County, it appears by what I have said of those Earls who had the Rule thereof before the Norman Conquest, that Morkar, the younger Son to Algar, Earl of Chester, was the last, and that he so continued until such time as he rebelled against the Victorious William. My purpose therefore, being in the next place, to shew who they were that afterwards had the Government of it, as Earls, under that puissant King, I shall begin with Copsi.

This Copsi Copsi. wasR Hoved. fol. 243 b. n. 10. Uncle to Tosti (of whom I have already spoke in my Discourse of the former Earls) being a person of great prudence in Council; for which respect he was constitutedR Hoved. fol. 243 b. n. 10. Earl, by King William, for that part of this Province which lieth North of the River Tine; whereupon he droveR Hoved. fol. 243 b. n. 10. out Osulph, whom Morkar had substituted there.

All that I find farther memorable of him, is, That, being highly devoted to S. Cuthbert, he gaveIbid. S. Dunelm. col. 38 a. n. 40. to the Church of Durham Ten Carucates of Land lying in Merscum, and the Church of that place, dedicated to S. German; as also two Carucates in • hor • une, in Thestrote ten Bovates, in Radclive half a Carucate, and in Gosburge one Carucate, delivering Hist. Eccles. Dunelm in Bibl. Bo • l. MS. Per. W. Cant. Archi • p Collata. (L. 53) fol 50 b. possession of them by a Silver Cup which was for many Ages after kept in that Church.

At length Osulph, whom he had so driven out, being necessitated to betakeR. Hoved. p. 243 b. n. 20. himself to the Woods and Deserts for refuge, gathered some strength, and forcing Copsi, for safeguard, to flee to the Church of Newburne, set it on fire. And when Copsi, to save himself from the flames, came out, did cut off his head at the very door, on the fourth Ides of March, in the fifth week after he had the administration of those parts committed to him: But in the very next Autumn, this Osulph was himself slainIbid. by the hands of a Robber, with whom he accidentally met.

King William therefore perceivingIbid. pag. 258 a. n. 50. the Inhabitants of these parts to be of turbulent spirits, in the third year of his reign, sentIbid. pag. 258 a. n. 50. Robert Comyn Robert Comyn. unto them, constitutingI • id. pag. 258 a. n. 50. him Earl; wherewith the people were so highly displeased, that upon his coming, they all resolved to forsakeI • id. S. Dunel. col. 38 b. n. 30. & col. 198 a. n. 20 & 30. their dwellings: But a very great Snow at that time fallingI • id. S. Dunel. col. 38 b. n. 30. & col. 198 a. n. 20 & 30., and preventing their purpose, they then determinedI • id. S. Dunel. col. 38 b. n. 30. & col. 198 a. n. 20 & 30. to kill him, or perish in the attempt. Of which desperate design, though he had noticeIbid. S. Dunel. col. 38 b. n. 30. & col. 198 a. n. 20 & 30. by Egelwine, Bishop of Durham, with advise, that he should make his speedy retreat; nevertheless, sleighting that Council, he cameI • id. S. Dunel. col. 38 b. n. 30. & col. 198 a. n. 20 & 30. to Durham with Seven hundred Soldiers; and permitted them not only to plunder, but to kill divers Lay persons, who belonged to the Church. But the Countrey people hasting I • id. S. Dunel. col. 38 b. n. 30. & col. 198 a. n. 20 & 30. with all speed thither, forced the Gates of that City betimes in the morning; the Earls Forces being totally unready, and slew of them in every place. Whereupon, the remainder betaking themselves to the Bishops Pallace for safety, were pursued thither by the multitude; who presently firing the House, made slaughter of all, except one; so that this Earl then lost his life. All which hapnedIbid. upon the fifth Kalends of February, the same year.

¶Hereupon Cospatric, Cospatri • . Son of Maldred, Son of Crinan (which Maldred was Progenitor to that great and honorable Family of the Nevils, which for many Ages past, hath flourished in this Kingdom) made his Addresses to King William for this Earldom, representingS. Dunelm. col. 2 • 4. n. 60. his Lineal Extraction by Algitha his Mother, from Vcthred, late Earl of this Province, whose Daughter she was by Algiva, Daughter of King Ethelred, and with a great sum of Money (which more prevailed than such his Alliance) obtainedS. Dunelm. col. 2 • 4. n. 60. it. But soon after, discerning the Kings austerity to be such, as that he could not well endure to live under his power; he, with some of the cheif of that Province, taking with them young Edgar-Etheling, and Agatha his Mother, as also Margaret and Christian, his Sisters, fledR. Hoved. p. 258 a. n. 40, into Scotland, where they had reception by King Malcolme.

Soon after which, Harold and Canute, Sons to Swane, King of Denmark, with no less than 240 Sail of Ships, entringIbid. b. n. 10. the Mouth of Hum • er, (Edgar-Etheling and Cospatric, with all the strength he could raise in 〈◊〉 , joyning with them) assaulted the City of York, then possessed by the Normans; and slew no less than 3000 of them.

Moreover, this Cospatric invaded Cumberland, (then under the Dominion of Malcolme, King of Scotland) and madeIb. p. 259 • . n. 50. great devastation there.

For which disloyal actions,An. 1072. being deprivedIbid. pag. 243 b. n. 30 & 40. of his Earldom by King Wi •• am; he first fledIbid. pag. 243 b. n. 30 & 40. to King Malcolme, and so into Flanders; whence, after some time, returning into Scotland, King Malcolme gaveIbid. pag. 243 b. n. 30 & 40. him • unbar, with the adjacent Lands in Lo • don, for his subsistance, until he could better provide for himself: But not long after being sick unto death, sending for Aldwine and • urgot, two Monks, who then resided at 〈◊〉 , in much austerity of life, and confessingIbid. pag. 243 b. n. 30 & 40. himself to them with great penitence, he endedIbid. pag. 243 b. n. 30 & 40. his days at 〈◊〉 (id est, Nort • am) and was buriedIbid. pag. 243 b. n. 30 & 40. in the Porch of that Church.

Of his Posterity, all that I have seen, is, That he had three Sons, viz. Monast▪ A • glic. Vol. 1. ... 41, 26. Dolfin, Waltheof, and Cospatric, (which Walt • eof gaveMonast. A • glic. Vol. 1. p. 389 b. n. 20. to the Monks of S. Maries at York, the Mannor and Church of Brounfeld, as alsoIb. p. 34 • n. 29. the Lordship of Stainburne) and a DaughterIbid. pag. 801. n. 24. called Iulian, given Ibid. pag. 801. n. 24. in marriage by King Henry the Second, unto Ranulph de Merley (a great Baron in Northumberland, whose principal Seat was the Castle of Morpeth.)

Cospatric being thus berest of this Earldom, Waltheof, Waltheof. Son to the famous Earl Siward (by Elfleda, Daughter of Earl Aldred) was by King William the Conqueror, advancedR. Hoved f. 243 b. n 40. & 260 b. n. 10. thereto; partlyOrd. Vit. p. 522 C & pag. 534 D. in respect of his wealth and Military Prowess, but cheiflyOrd. Vit. p. 522 C & pag. 534 D. for that he wedded Iudith his Neece (viz. Ibid. p. 312 D p. 522 C. p. 534 D. & p 702 C. Daughter of Lambert de Lens, by Maud, Countess of Albemarle his Sister by the Mother,) for he esteemed it no less policy to secure himself in his recent Conquest by such inter-marriages, betwixt his Normans and the Native English, than by the power of the Sword to inforce them to a compulsory subjection. And therefore, though this stout Waltheof, within a short time after, joyningW. Malmsb. fol. 58. a. n 10. with Edwyne and Morkar (of whom I have elswhere made ample mention) and hastedIbid. n. 30. into Scotland, for aid against those bold Invaders, and soon after landed Ibid. n. 30. in the Mouth of Humber, with Harold and Cnute, Sons to Swane, King of Denmark; and in that sharp conflict at York (being a person R. Hoved. f 258 b. n. 10. large of Stature, and Limbs more than ordinary strong) gave most ample testimonies of his Courage and Resolution, cuttingR. Hoved. f 258 b. n. 10. off the Heads of many of the Norman Soldiers with his own hands; yet did he not thereby irritate the victorious William to such a revenge against him, as was then in his power; but rather induced him to study an amicable way of composure; which was effected by givingOrd. Vit. f 702 C. him this his Neece in Marriage, and withOrd. Vit. f 702 C. her the Earldoms of Northampton and Huntingdon, attributing W. Malmsb. f. 58 b. n. 30. those cruelties to his Soldiers at York, more to his innate hardiness and valor, than to the male-volency of his nature. Whom he accordingly taking to Wife, endowedEx. Vet. Cod. MS. per R. G • . S. Notato. her with all his Lands lying South of Trent.

As to the prudence of this Earl Waltheof in Government, there needs no farther instance, than that he sateR. Hoved. fol 260 b. n 40. as Judge in all Temporal Matters, with Walcher, Bishop of Durham, in the County Court; and in his Synods, readily assisted R. Hoved. fol 260 b. n 40. that venerable person with his Secular Authority.

Moreover, as to his Works of Piety, certain it is, that he gaveMonast Anglic Vol. 1. p. 4 • • . l. 12. to the Monks of Durham, the Church of our Lady at Tinmouth, with the Body of S. Oswyne, King and Martyr, there Interred.

Howbeit, not forgetting the barbarous murther of Earl Aldred his Grand-father, which was committed by that treacherous and cruel Carl, Son of Thuribrand, (as I have already shewed) he sharply vindicated 〈…〉 the same upon his Children, causing them to be slain 〈…〉 at Set • rington, An. 1073. when they were all feasting together at that place.

But at length, being trained 〈…〉 into that plot of Raphe de Waher, Earl of Norfol • , Roger, Earl of Hereford, and others, who designed the expulsion of King William, he was cast 〈…〉 into prison: And though Lanfrank, then Archbishop of Canterbury (his Confessor) did affirm, 〈…〉 that he was not at all guilty of that charge (for having revealed 〈…〉 the same to him, by his advice, he hasted to the King, then in Normandy, and discovered 〈…〉 it;) yet his impious Wife (saith Ingulph. ut • upra. Or • Vit. p 536 C. mine Author) affecting a second Marriage, conspired with some of the Normans, who greedily gaped after his Earldoms of 〈◊〉 and Huntingdon, and specially with 〈◊〉 Talbois, Earl of Anjou, who thirsted after his other possessions, and plotted his death; so that he was soon after beheaded at Winchester, being broughtOrd Vit. p. 536 C. to the place of Execution in his Consular-Robes. Whereupon his Body was first there interred 〈…〉 upon the meeting of two Highways, but afterwards translated 〈…〉 to 〈◊〉 , and buried 〈…〉 in the Chapter-house of that Monastery, by Wulkitel, the then Abbot; whereunto he had formerly given 〈…〉 the Lordship of Be • nak in No • thamp • onshire, wherein there is a famous Quarry of Stone, of great use to that Religious House.

It is reportedCod MS per R Gl. S. Notat. ut supra. by one of the Monks of that place; that, not long after his Sepulture there, the Countess Iudith, his Widow, becoming very penitent for her former miscarriage towards him, brought a Pall of Silk and laid it on his Tomb; which, being too short, by a Divine Power, stretched it self forth to a fit length: And, that when Abbot Ingulph translated his Corps out of the Chapter-house into the Quire, he found it perfect in all parts, and not corrupted with any putrefaction. Moreover, that being laid near the High Altar, many infirm people, who came of devotion thither, were miraculously cured by his merits. Likewise, that the same Abbot devoutly meditating in his Bed of what had so wonderfully hapned; falling at length a sleep, he saw in a Vision S. Bartholomew the Apostle, and S. Guthlac the Confessor, cloathed in white Priestlike Rayments, and assisting him at the Tomb. Also, that when the Apostle saw his Head firmly closed to the Body, and only a red circle like a thred about his neck, he said, Is not this an Headless Man, and that S. Guthlack, standing at the Feet, answered, He was an Earl; whereunto the Apostle replied, But now he is a King. He also addeth, That when the Abbot had declared his Vision to the Monks, he earnestly incited them to a due reverence of his Relicks, and to render like praise to God, who is marvellous in his Saints.

Likewise, that One hundred twenty nine years after his Martyrdom, Abbot Henry caused a Tomb of Marble with his Effigies thereon, to be erected near the Steps ascending towards the High Altar, on the left hand; and thither removed his Relicks with great solemnity and devotion, upon the xvith Kal. of April, An. Mccxix On which Tomb this Epitaph composed by the Relator (viz. Don William, a Monk of that Covent) was written. Hic Waldeve Comes tumularis & incineraris, Parte tamen meliore tui super 〈◊〉 lo • aris: Et merito, nam cum juvenis in carne fuisti Mortuus huic mundo, caelestia regna petisti. Cum fieres gemini Comitatus clarus honore, Clarior extiteras mentis, morumque • tore. Firma fides, stabilis spes, puri fervor amoris, Te col • ustrarunt interni luce decoris. Tu qui praeci • rus, praeclara stirpe fuisti, Praeclaris meritis, praeclarius enituisti. Tu qui Marte potens famosa Trophaea tulisti, Temet 〈◊〉 , faelicius, ac domuisti. Tu qui dives opum, per opes inopes relevasti, In caelo tibi thesauros hac arte parasti. Sed te plus quam Job mulier, Sathan mediante Tentavit, propria tibi conjuge fata parante. Haec accusavit, Rex credidit, & tibi mortem Intulit, assignas cum dampnatis tibi sortem. En monus haeredes mulieris fe superari, Saeve fraude sinens to jussit decapitari. Rubra cruore tuo quondam Wintonia luxit, Exuviis post freta tuis Croilanda reluxit. Quam faelix locus hic, thesaurus cui datur iste, Per quem languentes curat tua gratia Christe. Clare Comes, praeclare Deo, Gualdeve beate Willelmi sint quaeso tui laudes tibi gratae.

After the death of this Earl, King William offered Ingulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. Iudith, his Widow, in Marriage unto Simon de S. Liz, a Nobleman Norman; but she refusing Ingulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. him, in regard he was lame on one of his Legs, the King, in much wrath, disposedIngulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. of the Earldom of Huntingdon to that Simon. Whereupon, being extreamly terrifiedIngulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30., she fledIngulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. away with her three Daughters, and lurked in several places; and became so sensibleIngulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. of her guilt, in promoting her Husbands death, that inIngulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. great penitency she continuedIngulph 523 b. n. 20 & 30. all the days of her life a Widow.

Of these three Daughters, Maud became the WifeIbid. n. 10 & 20. of Simon de S. Liz beforementioned, unto whom the King so gaveIbid. n. 10 & 20. the Earldom of Huntingdon. Alice (otherwise called Iudith) was marriedOr • Vit. 813 D. W Gemet. • 8. c. 37. • ngulph • t supra. to Raphe de Toeni (sive de Conchis) Lord of Flamsted in Hartfordshire, unto whom she broughtIn • ulph. ut supra. the Lordship of Welcomstow (of her Fathers Inheritance) and ... toW Gemet. 312. D. Robert, the fifth Son of Richard de Tonebrugge.

Of the Lands which this great Earl did possess in King Edward the Confessors days, the Conquerors Survey takes no notice of any more than Brantone, Hardings • one, • eowe •• e, and Bosicte, in Northamptonshire; Dodinctune in Huntingdonshire; Toteham in Middlsex; Hohton and Hadre, in Leicestershire; and Wichingedene and Exentione in Lincolnshire. But those which the Countess. Iudith had at the time of that General Survey were very great, viz. Domesd. in iisdem Comitat. Wile • meston in Essex; Poteham in Middlesex; Meretone and Petintone in Oxfordshire; besides Thirteen Lordships in Hartfordshire, Nine in Glocestershire, Nine in Huntingdonshire, Twenty seven in Bedfordshire, Fourscore and • ix in Northamptonshire and Rut • and, Seventeen in Lincolnshire, and Thirty eight in Leicestershire.

This Iudith FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 359 b. n 60. & 360 a. l 4. & l 24 the Priory of Helenstow in Berkshire; and likewise procured Ibid. 851. n 30. & 853 n. 40. from King William a Charter of divers Immunities and Priviledges for the Monks of Saltry in Hunti • gdonshire, of the Cistercian Order; which Religious House she much frequented Ibid. 851. n 30. & 853 n. 40. in her time.

¶Unto Earl Waltheof succeededR. Hoved. fol. 265 b. next in the Government of this Province Walcher, Bishop of Durham, Walcher, Bishop of 〈◊〉 . a person of excellent endowments; by birth a Lorrainer, and forS. Dunelm. fol. 46. n. 30 & 40. his integrity of life, and vertuous qualities, very much beloved; but his gentle disposition was such, that he did not restrain his servants from oppressing the people thereabout, nor his soldiers from sundry insolencies which they exercised in those parts; therefore, as that good old Eli suffered for the impieties of his Sons; so did this Bishop: For it thus hapnedIbid. fol. 47. n 50 & 60. Et. 48. n. 20, 30, &c., that upon an appointed day, those of the Bishops retinue, who had been the wrong-doers, and a multitude of the persons injured, being met together at Gateshed, (near to Newcastle upon Tine) in order to a fair and friendly reconciliation of all differences, there arose a great tumult amongst them; whereupon, the Bishop to put a quiet end thereto, went to the Church, and called before him the cheif of the Complainants; with whom having treated, he sent them out to speak with the rest, staying with some few behind. But immediately ensued an extraordinary uproar by the multitude without doors, and no small slaughter of the Bishops Retinue: Nor did this suffice; for so highly were those people enraged, that they set the Church on fire; and murthered the innocent Bishop, with all others that endeavored to escape the flames. This woful slaughter hapned on the morrow preceding the Ides of May.

¶After whose death, one Alberic Alberic. (a Norman by birth, as it seems) was constitutedS Dunelm, fol. 205. n. 10. Earl by King William; who, being a man unfit for publick business, soon returnedS Dunelm, fol. 205. n. 10. hence into his own Countrey.

Of this Earl Alberic it is reportedJorval. col. 1255. n. 10 & 20., That, being a person of great Authority, and not satisfied with his own condition, he consulted with the Devil, and was told, That he should possess Greece: Whereupon he made a Voyage into the East, and entered that Countrey; but when the Greeks understood, that it was to reign over them, they despoiled him of all that he had, and expelled him those parts. After which, being wearied with travel, he returned into Normandy unto King Henry, who gave him a Noble Widow in Marriage; and that the Priest at the celebration thereof, asking the Woman (of course) Lady Gracia (for so was her name) wilt thou have this man? He then began to discern the illusion of the Devil, who had thus puft him up with that deceitful hope.

About this time Geffrey, Bishop of Constance, Geffrey, Bishop of Constance. hadMonast. A • glic. Vol. 1. p. 385. n 30. the Government of this Earldom; for being one of the Witnesses to the Foundation Charter of S. Maries Abbey at York, it is said, Eo tempore (scil. An. 1088.) An. 1088. Northymbrorum Consulatum regebat. 1 W. Rufi.

This Geffrey, being of a Noble Norman extraction Ord. Vit. p. 523 A. & p. 703 B, C., and more skilfulOrd. Vit. p. 523 A. & p. 703 B, C. in Arms then Divinity, knowingOrd. Vit. p. 523 A. & p. 703 B, C. better to train up Soldiers, than to instruct his Clergy, was an eminent Commander Ord. Vit. p. 523 A. & p. 703 B, C. in that signal Battle (near Hastings in Suffex) wherein Duke William of Normandy became Conqueror, and consequently King of England; for which great service, he had no less than Two hundred and fourscore Lordships givenOrd. Vit. p. 523 A. & p. 703 B, C. him by that King: He was Ibid. also in divers other Battles against the Danes and English; and by subduing his Enemies, obtained Ibid. vast Possessions.

But the next Earl of this Province, whereof our Historians do take notice, wasR. Hoved. 243 b. n 40. Robert de Moubray, Robert de Moubray. NephewOrd. Vit. ut. supra. unto that Bishop; and his HeirOrd. Vit. ut. supra. to all those Lands above exprest.

This Robert wasOrd. Vit. fol. 703 • . a person of large stature, strong, black, hairy, bold, and subtile; of a stern countenance, few words, and so reserved, that he was not often seen to smile: Stout in Arms, disdainful to his equals, and so haughty minded, that he thought it below him to obey his Superiors.

He was SonIbid fol. 473 B. to Roger de Moubray, oneIbid fol. 473 B. of those heroick Men that came over into England with William Duke of Normandy, and assisted him in his Conquest.

During the time of that King, I find little memorable of him; but after, viz. in the beginning of King William Rufus his Reign,W Malm. he took fol 67 b. n. 40. Ibid. f 70. n. 10. part with • do, Bishop of Bayeux, (and those other whom I have mentioned in my Discourse of him, as Earl of Kent) in that Rebellion against the King, in order to the advancing of Robert Curthose to the Royal Throne: In which Insurrection, the before specified Geffrey, Bishop of Constance, and this Earl Robert his Kinsman, wastedMat Paris, • n An 1088. (1 Wil. Rufi.) the City of Bathe, and Castle of Berkley, carrying the spoils to Bristol, where they then had a Castle of great strength; and afterward laid SiegeRad. de Diceto, col. 489. n. 30. to Ilchester, but were repulsed.

In the seventh year of William Rufus, this Earl Robert, together with William de Ou, and divers others, machinatingR. Hoved. fol. 267 a. to pull down the King, and to set up Stephen of Albemarle, his Aunts Son, in his stead, putR. Hoved. fol. 267 a. themselves in Arms. King William therefore taking notice thereof, summonedH. Hunt. fol 214 a. n. 20. him to his Court; but the Earl being not a little puftH. Hunt. fol 214 a. n. 20. up with pride,An. 1092. in regard he had not long before subduedJorval col. 9 • 9. n. 60. Malcolme, then King of Scotland, near Alnwik, scorned to obey the Kings Commands. The King therefore advancedR Hoved. fol. 267 a. n. 10 & 20. towards him with an Army, laid siegeR Hoved. fol. 267 a. n. 10 & 20. to Newcastle, and there made prisoners R Hoved. fol. 267 a. n. 10 & 20. divers of the cheif Nobility then in Rebellion; thence marched to Tinmouth, and tookR Hoved. fol. 267 a. n. 10 & 20. in that strong Hold, Earl Roberts Brother being therein.

After this toIbid. Mon Anglic. Vol 1. 46 b. Bamburgh, (a place of such strength, that it seemed impregnable) whereunto this Rebellious Earl had made his retreat, and laid siege thereto: The Earl therefore discerning himself in this streight, gotIbid. Mon Anglic. Vol 1. 46 b. out of that Castle by night, with thirty of his Soldiers, and fled to Tinmouth; but being followed thither by the Kings Forces, and not able to defend it above six days, he was grievously woundedIbid. Mon Anglic. Vol 1. 46 b. in the Leg, and thence carried prisoner 〈…〉 into Win • sor Castle. Whereupon the Monk of Durham makes this observation of him 〈…〉 , That in the same Church which he had by violence taken from S. Cuthbert, he lost all that he had, with his Earldom and Liberty to boot.

But the particular circumstances of this his Rebellion, and issue thereof, according to the Relation of anotherOrd. Vit. 〈◊〉 C. D. Author (varying somewhat from what I have already exprest) I shall here also add.

This Earl being a cheif person in that Plot, for advancing Stephen of Albemarle to the Crown, began that Insurrection by the seisure of four great Ships taken with Merchandise from Norway, and bound for England; for which, the King commanding satisfaction to be given, and he refusing; as also, requiring his appearance before, which he refused to make; the King marched towards him with an Army, and as he was entringIbid. p. 704 his Territories, Gilbert de Tonebruge (a potent Baron, and of the same Conspiracy) prostrating himself at the said Kings feet, and craving pardon, made known to him all the design; advising him not to enter a certain Wood then at hand, the Rebels (as he told him) being there in Arms to destroy him; discoverin likewise to him all those other who were in the Conspiracy. Whereupon the King diverting his course, marched to the Castle of • amburgh, and laid siege thereto; but discerning it invincible, in regard of the Lakes and Waters hindering any near access, he raised a strong Fort at some distance, for defence of the Countrey, as also for restraint of the Rebels Sallics; and Manned, and Victualled the same sufficiently: Which (with the numerous Field Forces that the King then had) being discerned, caused many of the party to revolt.

This Rebellious Earl being therefore thus besieged Ibid., and finding his condition desperate, fledIbid. out of that Castle by night; but passing Ibid. from Castle to Castle, was at length takenIbid. by the Kings Soldiers, and kept prisonerIbid. for the space of almost thirty years; where he diedW Gemet. p. 269 b., as my Author saith; leavingOrd. Vit. p. 649 B. no issue.

OthersMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 192 b n. 50. report, that he did thus put himself in Arms against King William Rufus for Gods cause, viz. For his banishing of Anselme, Archbishop of Canterbury; and destruction of divers Churches for his making the New Forest in Hantshire. But certain it is, that being taken, (as is already observed) he was carried prisoner to Windsore, and there detainedOrd. Vit. p. 649 B p 666 C. 701 C. p. 704 A. p. 296 B. by Rufus; and afterwards, by King Henry the First, for the space of almost thirty four years, that he died.

Howbeit, in some sort, to expiate for these his enormities, let us now look upon his Works of Piety, which had precedence, in point of time, unto these his Rebellious Actions.

Certain it is, that he was the great restorer Mat. Paris, in An. 1090. of the Church of S. Oswyne at • inmouth, which had lain long desolate unto that glory it after had, and procuredMat. Paris, in An. 1090. from Paul, the then venerable Abbot of S. Albans, some of his Monks to be transmitted thither, amply endowingMonast. Anglic Vol 1 334 b. n 60 & 335 a. n. 20. the same with Lands and Possessions, and annexing it as a Cell to that great Monastery.

Afterwards he was shornVincent. Cotr. a Monk in the Abbey of S. Albans, where he departedVincent. Cotr. this life, in the year 1106. 7 Hen. 1.

This Earl tookOrd Vit. p. 703 C. to Wife, Maud, the Daughter of Richerius de Aquila, Neece to Hugh, Earl of Chester (by Iudith, Sister to the said Hugh) butIbid. 704 B of this marriage she had little joy, the Rebellion of her Husband so soon ensuing, and afterwards his long imprisonment: So that considering, she had not the Society of him as an Husband, she was, by the special leave of Pope Paschal, permitted to marry unto Nigel de Albani (who by the gift of King Henry the First, had all the Lands of the said Earl given unto him:) Which Nigel, after he had lived a while with her, had a mind to another Wife; wherefore (taking advantage of the death of Gilbert de Aquila her Brother) he put her away, because she was the Wife of his Kinsman, and wedded another; as I shall shew in due place.

Earls of Huntendon and Northampton.

OF these Counties, Siward, the great Earl of Northumberland, was Earl before the Norman Conquest (as I have already manifested in my Discourse of him, under the title of Northumberland ante Conquestum ) and after him Waltheof his Son, by the gift of King Edward the Confessor, as Ingulphus Ingulphus, 510 b. n 40. testifieth; notwithstanding othersOrd Vit b. 522 C. do say, that he had them in marriage with Iudith, Neece to King William the Conqueror, by that Kings donation. Both which expression may very well stand together; for though Earl Waltheof first possessed them by the gift of King Edward; yet, considering, that after the Norman Duke had made an absolute Conquest here, whereby he obtained the Crown of this Realm, no Englishman continued the possession of any estate he formerly had, but by his special favor. So that this Waltheof was then necessitated to submit to the pleasure of the new King, and accept of Northumberland, upon condition of his true allegiance to the Victorious Norman; and of these Counties of Huntendon and Northampton, as a Marriage Portion with the same Iudith, the Conquerors Neece; to the intent, he should by the Bond of Affinity, as well as Gratitude, become a good and Faithful Subject unto that King.

But, having spoken at large of this Waltheof and Iudith, under the title of Northumberland post Conquestum; where it will appear, that he being charged for conspiring with Raphe, Earl Norfolk, and Roger, Earl of Hereford, to destroy or expel King William; and for that pretended Crime, lost his Life and Honor. Moreover,An. 1073. that thereupon the King disposed the Government of Northumberland to Walcher, Bishop of Durham, and offeredIngulphus, 513 b. n. 10. Iudith his Neece (Widow of the said Waltheof) unto Simon S. Liz, Simon 1. a Noble Norman, (SonMonast. Anglic. • vol 1. 679 b. n 20. of Randulph le Rich,) who with his Brother Garnerius le Rich, cameMonast. Anglic. • vol 1. 679 b. n 20. over into England with the Conqueror.

I shall here observe, that she refusingJorval. 974. n. 60. An. 975. him, in regard he halted of one Leg; the King grew so displeased with her, as that he seisedJorval. 974. n. 60. An. 975. upon the Castle and Honor of Huntendon, which she then held in Dower (it having been formerly granted to her and her heirs) exposing her and her daughters to shift for themselves in the Isle of Ely, and other obscure places; and bestowed Jorval. 974. n. 60. An. 975. upon the said Simon the Town of Northampton, with the whole Hundred of Falkeley, then valued at Forty pound per annum, to provide Shooes for his Horses. Simon therefore, not gaining the Mother, by the advice of his Friends, took to WifeIbid. Maud, her eldest Daughter; and thereupon had this Earldom of Huntendon givenIbid. unto him by the King.

It doth not directly appear at what time it was, that the Conqueror advanced him to these Earldoms of Huntendon and Northampton; but certain it is, that he had them both; for Ingulphus Ingulphus, 513 b. n. 30. also (who lived then) expresly affirms as much.

This Earl Simon builtIbid. Mon. Anglic. 679 b. n. 30. the Castle of Northampton, An. 1084. as also the PrioriesIbid. Mon. Anglic 679 b. n. 30. of S. Andrews there, about the Eighteenth year of the Conquerors Reign (which Priory stood near to that Castle) plentifully endowingIbid. n. 60. Et 680 a, &c. & 680 b. n. 40. it, and making it subordinateIbid. n. 60. Et 680 a, &c. & 680 b. n. 40. to the Abbey of our Lady of Charity in ...

He gaveIbid. 175. n. 30. to the Priory of S. Fridiswide in Oxford, the Church of Pidington in that County.

As also to theMon. Angl. • ol. 2. 544 b. l. 35. Knights-Templers, the Mannor of Meriton.

And confirmedMonast. Anglic. 675 a. n. 10. to the Priory of Daventrey these several Churches, situate in Northamptonshire, viz. Foxton, Lubenho, Scaldford, Guthmundley; Bitlesbroc, and Braybroc.

Moreover,An. 1100▪ he was one of the WitnessesMat. Paris, in An. 1100. to those Laws which were made by King Henry the First, in An. 1100. that being the first year of his Reign. After which (in the same Kings time) he went into theMonast. Anglic. Vol 1. 679. n. 40. Holy Land, but in his return diedMonast. Anglic. Vol 1. 679. n. 40. at the Abbey of Charity, before expressed, and was thereMonast. Anglic. Vol 1. 679. n. 40. buried.

He took to Wife, Maud, the eldest Daughter of Earl Waltheof (as I have already in •• anced) and diedLel Itin. vol. 1. fol. 8. in France, leaving Issue by her Simon Ingulph. 513 b. n 20. his eldest Son, Waltheof Ingulph. 513 b. n 20. Abbot of Melros in Scotland, and Maud Ingulph. 513 b. n 20. hath first married toW Geme • . 312 D. Robert, Son of Richard de Tonebrigge, (Progenitor to the Noble Family of the Fitz-Walters, antiently Barons of this Realm) and afterwards Monast. Anglic. p. 370 a. n. 50 & 60. to William de Albani of Belvoir.

¶That this second Simon, succeeded his Father in the Earldom of Northampton, is not to be doubted; but that the Earldom of Huntendon was taken from him for the greatest part of his time, is plain enough: For David, Son of Malcolme the Third, King of Scotland, (and Brother to Alexander, to whom he after succeeded in that Kingdom) having married Ibid. Maud his Mother (eldest Daughter unto Earl Waltheof, as hath been already observed) by the special favorJorval. 975. n. 10. of King Henry the First, possessed himself thereof.

Of this David it was toldIbid. col. 1024. n. 40 & 50. King Stephen, upon his first assuming the Crown of England; that whereas he did make a shew of coming to him in a peaceable manner, and as a guest, he had entred Carlis • e and Newcast • e, and possessed himself of those strong Towns. Whereupon, theIbid. col. 1024. n. 40 & 50. King advancing towards him with an Army, David met him a little South of Durham, and peaceably accordedIbid. col. 1024. n. 40 & 50. the business; rendringIbid. col. 1024. n. 40 & 50. Newcastle, and holding Carlis • e by the Kings permission; but did no homage to him, in regard he had before swornIbid. col. 1024. n. 40 & 50. allegiance to Maud the Empress.

Which David, by the before specified Maud, Daughter of Earl Waltheof, hadIbid. n. 50. issue Henry; Henry. who doing homageMat. Paris, in An. 1136. to King Stephen at York, obtained LiveryIbid., not only of this Honor of Hun • endon, but a GrantJoh. Hagustald. 258. n. 50. Ric. Hagustald. 312. n 60▪ of the Borough of Doneaster and Carlisle, as an augmentation thereto; and restitutionJoh. Hagustald. 258. n. 50. Ric. Hagustald. 312. n. 60. of all those Lands, Forts, and Castles, which he formerly had.

Nay, he was then in such high estimation with King Stephen, thatIbid. upon his solemn keeping of the Feast of Easter, he set him on his right hand; which gave such distaste unto divers of the Nobles at that time there, thatIbid. William, then Archbishop of Canterbury, Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and some others, forsook the Court.

This Henry marriedJorval. 975. Ada, Sister to William, Earl Warren, by whom he had issue three Sons, viz. Jorval. 975. Malcolme and William, afterwards Kings of Scotland, and David, Earl of Huntendon and Carect. He had likewise issue three Daughters Ada, the WifeHect, 〈◊〉 , fol, 269 b to Floris, Earl of Holland, Margaretz Hect, 〈◊〉 , fol, 269 b of Conan le Petit, Earl of Britanny, and Maud Hect. 〈◊〉 , fol, 269 b, who died young.

He diedIbid. f 〈◊〉 ▪ in the year One thousand one hundred fifty and two (which hapned in the life time of his Father) and was buriedIbid. in the Abbey of Calc.

¶After whose death,Simon 2. Simon, Son to the before specified Earl Simon and Maud, (who had the Earldom of Northampton (as hath been shewred) entredJorval. 975. n. 10. upon this Earldom of Huntendon.

This Earl tookMat Paris, in eodem anno. part with King Stephen against Maud the Empress,An. 1140. and her son Henry the Second, Duke of Normandy; and therefore sharedMat Paris, in eodem anno. with him in that bad fate which he had in the Battle of Lincolne, in the Sixth year of His Reign.

The Character which Robert, Earl of Glocester (his Enemy) gives of him, is this in effect, viz. H. Hunt. 224 a. n. 50. That he was a Man forward in promises; and slow in performance. Howbeit his Works of Piety were such as speak better of him; for he FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 679 b. n. 40. the Nunnery called De la Pree, near unto Northampton; as also the Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 850 a. n. 10. & 851 b. n. 60. Abbey of Saltrey in Huntingdonshire; and gaveMonast. Anglic. 525 a. n. 40. to the Knights-Templers the Church of Suthwike.

But in that Treaty betwixt Henry, Duke of Normandy, and King Stephen, at the Siege of Wallingford, An. 1153. in 18 Steph. no man stood more oppositeH. Hunt. 227 b. n. 40. to a peaceable accord, than he, though his death was then at hand; for he then and there departedH. Hunt. 227 b. n. 40. this life, and was buried Lel. Itin. Vol. 1. fol. 8. in the Priory of S. Andrews at Northampton.

He had a BrotherMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. 1019. n. 50. called also Simon de S. Liz, who bestowedMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. 1019. n. 50. to that Abbey of De la Pree (of this Brothers Foundation) a certain Meadow in Cumton, called Huthere Lidehaleh, for maintenance of the Lights in that Abbey Church. To whom succeeded another Simon, who in 16 Ioh. gaveRot. Pip. 16 Joh. Cantab. & Hunt. a Palfrey to the King, to have a Writ of Right, for one Knights Fee in Cumton, against David, Earl of Huntendon. And in 7 Hen. 3. paidRot. Pip. 7 H. 3. Rotel. Thirty marks, and one Palfrey for the Wardship and Marriage of the Heirs of Richard Balastan.

The Descendants of which Simon, fixing at Seton in Com. Rutl. assumed that place for their sirname; whose Heir-female Temp. Hen. 6. became the Wife of Sir William Feilding of Newnham in Com. Warr. Knight. From whom the Right Honorable Basil, now Earl of Denbigh, is Lineally descended. But I return.

This last Earl Simon marriedJorval. 975. n. 10. Isabel, Daughter to Robert, Earl of Leicester (afterwards, WifeMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. • 10 b. n▪ 10. of Gervase Paganel.) Which Isabel, in her Widowhood, passed over unto Robert, Earl of Leicester her Nephew, all her Lands of Bradefeld, Botmdone, Norfeld, and Waltham; and put her self into his Protection and Tuition. And by her left issueJorval. 975. n. 10., a Son called Simon, and two Daughters, viz. Amice and Hawise, both in the custodyJorval. 975. n. 10. of King Henry the Second: Which Simon did immediately succeed Ibid. him in the Earldom of Northampton, but not in that of Huntendon so soon; for Malcolme King of Scots, Grandson to Maud, the eldest Daughter to Earl Waltheof, by her second Husband, David, King of Scotland, obtained Jorval. • • 47. n. 10. it from King Henry the Second, in the first year of His Reign, in lieu of the Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmerland, which he then rendred up to the same King; Though others affirm, That it was for accompanying that King in his expedition to Tholouse, in An. 1159. (which was about four years after.) Which Malcolme being dead, William, King of Scotland (his Brother and Successor) heldIbid. it, until he with divers of the English Barons rose in Arms against that King, on the part of young King Henry his Son; at which time, David (brother to the King of Scotland, (who had the Castle and Honor of Huntendon, then in his hand) joyningIbid. with them also in that Rebellious Insurrection) besieged Ibid. the Castle. The news whereof being soon brought to King Henry (then in Normandy) made him so much incensed, that he forwith appointedIbid. an Army to be raised in England, to reduce those Rebels; and that the Castle and Earldom of Huntendon should be deliveredIbid. unto Earl Simon, as the rightful Heir thereof. Which tidings were so acceptable to Simon, that without delay, he cameIbid. n. 30. before it with considerable Forces; whereupon, the King of Scots (who then held it) finding himself not able to make resistance, rendredIbid. n. 30. it up into his hands.

But when it was thus obtained, these two Earls. viz. Simon and David, strivingIbid. n. 30. much about it, the King, moved with anger, sworeIbid. n. 30., That neither of them should have it, and so caused it to be demolished.

This Earl Simon, Simon 3. in 12 Hen. 2. upon Collection of the Aid for Marrying of the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. Rub. sub • it. Linc. the Knights Fees he then held, to be Lxviii. and a half de Vet. Feoffamento, and about the number of xii de Novo, and notwithstanding King Henries rash Oath, enjoyedR. Hoved. 355 a n. 20. the Earldom until his death; which hapningYpod. N. in An 1185. in An. 1184.An. 1184. (30 Hen. 2.) without issue, he was buried • el. Itin Vol▪ fol. 8. in the Priory of S. Andrew at Northampton.

Whereupon the King gaveR. Hoved. ut supra. this of Huntendon, to the before specified William, King of Scots, who immediately deliveredR. Hoved. ut supra. it unto David his Brother.

This last Earl Simon took to WifeChron. Norm. 992 B Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 833 b. n. 60. Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. Rot. Pip. 7 Joh. Lin • . Alice Chron. Norm. 992 B Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 833 b. n. 60. Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. Rot. Pip. 7 Joh. Lin • ., sole Daughter and Heir to Gilbert de Gant, (Earl of Lincoln) with whom he enjoyedChron. Norm. 992 B Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 833 b. n. 60. Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. Rot. Pip. 7 Joh. Lin • . her Fathers Honor, during her time; but she dyingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 833 b. n. 60. without issue, was buriedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 833 b. n. 60. at Bridling • on, in that Monastery of the Foundation of Walter de Gant her Grand-father; whereupon it returnedIbid. to Robert her Uncle.

Earl of Buckingham.

THe first Earl of this County, after the Conquest, was Walter Giffard, Walter. SonW Game • . 312 b. of Osberne de Bolebec, and Aveline his Wife, SisterW Game • . 312 b. to Gunnora, Dutchess of Normandy, Great Grand-Mother to the Conqueror. Who, being one of those Noble Normans, who accompanying 〈…〉 the valiant Duke Wil • iam (to whom he was thus Allied) in his expedition hither; courageously assisted 〈…〉 him in that great Battle against King Harold, whereby he obtained the Crown of England; An. 1070. for which respect, he became soon after advancedOrd. Vit. 522 C. to this Earldom of Buckingham, and was one of the principal Persons sentEx Vet. Reg. Wigorn. penès Joh. Alder • ord de Sal • ord in Com. Warw. by the King, with Remigius, Bishop of Lincoln, and others, at the time of the Conquerors General Survey, into Worcestershire, and some other Counties, to take notice of the Extent and Value of all the Kings, and other Mens Lands in those parts.

The Possessions which he himself had, as appearsDomesday, Iib. by that Survey, being as followeth. In Berkshire two Lordships, in Wi •• shire one, in Somersetshire one, in Huntingdonshire one, in Cambridgshire five, in Oxfordshire nine, in Bedfordshire nine, in Suffolk three, in Norfolk twenty eight, and in Buckinghamshire forty eight.

This Walter gaveMonast. Angli • . Vol. 2. 954 a. n. 60. the Lordship of Blakeham, in Suffolk, to the Monks of Bec, in Normandy; which was afterwards made a Cell to that Abbey.

Afterwards,An. 1089. adhering to King William Rufus against Robert Curthose, he fortifiedOrd. Vit. 621 a. his Mansions in Normandy, on the said Kings behalf, and was a cheif CommanderIbid. fol. 666 B. in his Army there, behavingIbid. fol. 666 B. himself very honorably in that service, and persistingIbid. fol. 722 D. therein to the utmost.

He was likewise one of theMat▪ Paris, in An. 1100. Witnesses to those Laws of King Henry the First, which he established here at the beginning of His Reign: Yet afterwards (scil. in An. 1102. being the next year) he sidedOrd. Vit. 786 a. with Robert Curthose; but the year following, departed this life here in England, and had SepultureIbid. 809 C. Pat. 4 H. 8. p. 1 per I • pex. at the entrance of the Abbey Church of Longav • li • in Normandy, which he FoundedIbid. 809 C. Pat. 4 H. 8. p. 1 per I • pex., (and gaveIbid. 809 C. Pat. 4 H. 8. p. 1 per I • pex. divers Lordships and Lands, lying in England thereto) with this EpitaphOrd. Vit. ut supra. upon his Tomb. Stemma Gifardorum Galterius ingenuorum Quae meruit vivens busta, sepultus habet. Templi Fundator praesentis & aedificator, Hoe velut in proprio conditus est tumulo. Qui se magnificum Patriaeque probavit amicum, Dux virtute potens & pietate nitens: Religiosorum, sed praecipue Monachorum Cultor, multimodè profuit Ecclesiae.

His memory continuingIbid. D. in high veneration by all the Cluniac Monks; who, by their daily Prayers, ceased not to commendIbid. D. his Soul to God, for those benefits which they had plentifully reaped in Longaville by his Charity.

This Walter tookW. Geme • . 312 B. Ord. Vit. 809 D. to Wife Agnes, one of the Daughters of Gerard Flaitell, SisterIbid. 467 C. to William, Bishop of Eureux; by whom he left issueIbid. 809 • ., Walter his Son, who succeeded him in this his Earldom of Buckingham, and diversW. Geme • . 31 • B. Daughters, whereof one, viz. Rohais, wasW. Geme • . 31 • B. Wife to Richard Fitz-Gilbert, Ancestor to that great Family of Clare.

¶Which second Walter Walter. being most faithful Ord. Vit. 851 A. to King Henry the First, against all those Rebellious attempts that disturbed his quiet, gave most high TestimoniesIbid. 854 A, B, C. of his valor in that notable Battle at Brennevill, in An. 1119.An. 1119. against Lewes, King of France, who was there in person, in which fight the French wereIbid. 854 A, B, C. beaten.

And though, at first,An. 1142. he did incline to King Stephen, yet he afterwards madeChro. Norm. 980 B. his Peace with Geffrey of Anjou, Husband to Maud the Empress.

This Earl Walter, in 12 Hen. 2. (upon Assessing of the Aid for marrying of the Kings Daughter) certifiedLib. Rub. in Scacc. Buck., That he had Ninety four Knights Fees and an half De Veteri Feoffamento, and one and an half De Novo; and (with Ermetrude his Wife) FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 154 a. n. 20. 154 b. 155 a. 156 a. the Abbey of Nut • ey, in King Henry the Second's time, at his Park of Trendon, near Tame in Backinghamshire; but dying without issue, the Lands of his Barony came to be shared amongst his Relations, as it seems, For in ... Rich. 1. Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford, (in respect of his DescentOrd. V • . 687 D. from Rohais, SisterOrd. V • . 687 D. of this Earl, and WifeOrd. V • . 687 D. of Richard Fitz-Gilbert his Lin • al Ancestor) and William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, in RightCart. Antiq. 8. n 24 • of Isabel his Wife, Daughter and HeirCart. Antiq. 8. n 24 • to Richard, Earl of Strigul) obtained a confirmationCart. Antiq. 8. n 24 • from that King, of all the Lands of this Walter, Earl of Buckingham, both in England and Normandy. Of which Lands, Richard, Earl of Hertford, was to have the cheif Seat in England, and William, Earl of Hem • roke, and Isabel, the head or cheif Seat of those in Normandy; the residue, both in England and Normandy, to be equally divided betwixt them.

Earl of Albemarle and Holderness.

THe first who had this Honor conferred upon him, was Odo, EarlW. Gemet. 294 A. of Champaigne, a person nearly allied to King William the Conqueror, by Consanguinity; being Grand-SonIbid. 247 D. & 253 C. of Maud, Daughter to Richard, Duke of Normandy, (Wife of Odo, Odo de Campan • a. Earl of 〈◊〉 and Chartres.)

This Odo, beingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 796 b. n. 10, 20, &c. a valiant young Man, and having slainMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 796 b. n. 10, 20, &c. a great person of that Countrey where his Father lived, fledMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 796 b. n. 10, 20, &c. to his Kinsman William, then Duke of Normandy; where, by the help of the Archbishop of Roan, obtainingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 796 b. n. 10, 20, &c. the Dukes Sister (Adeliza Ibid. 587 b. n 50.) for his Wife. He intreated Ibid. the Archbishop to move the King for some maintenance, and told himIbid. the cause of forsaking his own Countrey. At his request therefore King William gaveIbid. him the Isle (as he calls it) of Holderness: And to add thereunto, the Archbishop himself bestowedIbid. on him the City of Albemarle, to the intent, that in all the expeditions, where the Archbishop went in person, he should be his Standard-BearerIbid. with Twelve Knights.

Which Territory of Holderness, wasMonast. Anglic, 〈◊〉 supra. given by the same King William, unto one Drew le Brever, a Fleming (who accompanied him hither at the Conquest) being a skilful and courageous Man in Arms: Whereupon Drew builtMonast. Anglic. 〈◊〉 supra. the Castle of Skypse (the strongest Fort on all that side,) but having afterwards killed a Kinsman of the Kings, and therefore constrained to fleeMonast. Anglic. 〈◊〉 supra. for it, getting away into Flanders, King William, bestowed it upon Odo de Campania, as hath been said.

Holderness, upon this occasion, being given unto Odo, and at that time wasIbid. a barren Countrey, bearing no other grain but Oats; so soon as his Wife had brought him a Son, whom he named Stephen, he intreatedIbid. the King to give him some Land which would bear Wheat, whereby he might the better nourish his Nephew; the King therefore grantedIbid. unto him the Lordship of 〈◊〉 in Lincolnshire.

Others making mention of this gift unto Odo, call itOrd. l Vit. 5 • 2 C. Comitatum Holderness, The County, or Earldom of Holderness (which contains a large part of Yorkshire, on the North-East side thereof.)

But of this Earl Odo I have not seen any more of note, than that he was a partakerS Dunelm. 223. n. 20. with Robert de Molbray, Earl of Northumberland, and those other Conspirators in Anno 1096. (9 Wil. Rufi.) for the pulling down King William Rufus, and advancing Stephen, his Aunts Son (who was afterwards King) to the Crown of this Realm, for which he wasS Dunelm. 223. n. 20. imprisoned.

And that he, with Stephen his Son, gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 387 b. n. 30. to the Abbey of S. Maries at York, the Mannor of Hornshay with the Church, as also Ma •• am, with the Fishing belonging thereto, and Thorpe near adjoyning.

The Lordships whereof he was possest, as appears by the Conquerors Survey Domesd., were only these, viz. Simpling, Scerdatre, Belestede, Herchestede, Guthulnesford, Helmele, Clopetune, Burg, Depebec, Bulges, Mungaden, Be • mele, Cloptune, and Brantestune, in Suffolk. This Countess also then holdingDomesd. Barle and Scidmehau, in Esse • ; for Holdeness was not given him till after that Survey.

This Odo left issueW. Gemet. 294 A. Ord. Vit. 681 A. Stephen (his Successor in that Honor) as also a Daughter (called Iudith) marriedW. Gemet. 312 D. to Waltheof, Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon.

Which Stephen Stephen. carried the titleW. Gemet. 294 A. of Earl of Albemarle, An. 1097. and stood firmOrd. Vit. 7 • 2 D. to King William Rufus, against Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy: But when Curthose, finding himself not Matth. Paris, in An. 1097. (pag. 29. n. 20.) able to contend with his Brother Rufus, made Matth. Paris, in An. 1097. (pag. 29. n. 20.) peace with him, taking upon him the Cross in that famous expedition to the Holy Land, (in which, Godfrey, Duke of Lorrain, and divers Christian Princes were gone before) this Earl Stephen accompaniedMatth. Paris, in An. 1097. (pag. 29. n. 20.) him: And the year following, upon the ConjunctionMatth. Paris, in An. 1098. (pag. 41. n. 40 & 50.) of the Christian Forces, behaved himself courageouslyMatth. Paris, in An. 1098. (pag. 41. n. 40 & 50.) in that great Battle, wherein Coberan was General of the Turkish Army near Antioch. Hugh the Great (Earl of Uermandois) leadingMatth. Paris, in An. 1098. (pag. 41. n. 40 & 50.) the Van of the Christians; the Earl of Flanders, with Robert de Frison, theMatth. Paris, in An. 1098. (pag. 41. n. 40 & 50.) Middle Part; Robert Curthose, and this our Stephen the RearMatth. Paris, in An. 1098. (pag. 41. n. 40 & 50.): And on the Fourth Calends of Iuly, obtainedIbid. p. 43. a glorious Victory, with spoils of extraordinary value.

He also continued LoyalOrd Vit. • 14 A. to King Henry An. 1104. the First, for a time, but a length 〈◊〉 . 843 C. joyned with Hugh de Gornay, and others, against him, in order to the restoring of Curthose to all his Fathers Honors; and to that end fortifiedIbid. 845 D. the Monastery of the Holy Trinity, situate upon the Mount at Roan.

After which, whenIbid. 864 A, B. Hugh de Gornay, and the rest, made their peace with the King, he stood Ibid. 864 A, B. out single; but at length, seeing his danger by the approach of the Kings Army, then submitting Ibid. 864 A, B. with all humility, had his libertyIbid. 864 A, B. and quiet.

But in An. 1129.An. 1129. (27 Hen. 1.) he broke out again, adheringIbid. 88 • A, B. to Lewes, then King of France, and the cheif Nobility of that Realm, for the advancingIbid. 88 • A, B. of William, Son to Robert Curthose, to the Crown (who wasIbid. 88 • A, B. a gallant young Man, bold and valiant, but banished by King Henry.) Howbeit, their endeavors therein came to nothing, soIbid C. powerful in Wealth and Friends, was King Henry grown▪ ForIbid C. of those that thus adventured, some lost their lives, some were imprisoned, and some disherited; so that what became of this our Stephen, I can give no account. I shall therefore close up this my Story of him with that great Work of Piety, viz. The Foundation • onast. Anglic. Vol 1. 587 b. n. 50. of the Monastery of • lbemarle, in Normandy, begun by Adcliza his Mother (Daughter to King William the Conqueror, as I have already observed) who had formerly given the Church of S. Martin, built by his Ancestors near to the Castle at Albemarle, unto the Monks of S. Lucian at Belvace. Therefore to perfect so good a Work, this Earl Stephen added Ibid. 588 a. n. 20, 30, 40 & 50. divers Lands and Tithes in France, with these Churches and Tithes in England, viz. Ibid. n. 10. Pagle (now Paul) P • eston, Eschecheling, Wisornewic, Wogle, Frohingeham, Mapleton, Tonestall, Esington, B •• stall, Chinles • , Chaing • ham; and the Tithes of his Castle at Aldebourge (all in Yorkshire, as I take it;) and in Lincoinshire these, viz. Ibid. Car • enton, Wilesby, Barow, Grosseby, Aud • lby, and Bilham.

Not forgetting his munificence to the Abbey of S. Maries at Yo • k; for he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol 1. 387 b. n. 20. unto it Fulford, with the whole Soke belonging thereto, and Fostune; as also in H • ep • tune, 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 , two Carucates of Land; in Acastre five Bovates; in the other, Fulford eleven Bovates; in Cho • nton two Carucates; Flaxtone eleven Bovates; in Fulford three Carucates; and in A • waldethorp one Carucate. Nor his pious DonationEx Collect. V. C • Andral du Chelne, n. 3. made to the Monastery of S. Martins de Champ (in the Suburbs of 〈◊〉 ) of the Churches of Arenis, for the health of his Soul, and the Soul of Hawise his Wife, Raphe de Mortimer, and Milisent his Wife, Father and Mother of her the said Hawise, of whose Inheritance it was.

With which Hawise, he hadEx Coll. R. Glov. S. Monast. Anglic. Vol 2. 993 a. n. 10 in marriage the Towns of •• orston and •• rrow, and left issue by her three Sons,Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 797 n. 10. William his Successor, sirnamed le Grosse, Stephen Ailred. Rieval. col. 337 n. 20. Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 798 a. n. 30. 798 b. n 6. ▪ and Ingelram Ailred. Rieval. 379. n. 20.; and four Daughters, the firstMonast. Anglic. Vol 1 n. 50 & 60. ... married to the Vidam of Pynkeney, the secondMonast. Anglic. Vol 1 n. 50 & 60. to the Vidam of Uerberay, the thirdMonast. Anglic. Vol 1 n. 50 & 60. to Bertran de Brikebet (all French and Normans) and the fourthMonast. Anglic. Vol 1 n. 50 & 60. to William de Romare; and after his death toMonast. Anglic. Vol 1 n. 50 & 60. Peter de Brus (both great Men in England.)

¶Which Earl, William le Grosse, was a person of no small note in his time, whether we look upon him in reference to his Secular Actions, or those tending to his Souls health (as then was taught.) For,Willia • le Grosse. as to the first, (beingAilre • us Rievalen sis, col. 337▪ n. 20. then a gallant young Man)—Iuvenis tunc strenuissimus, & in armis multum excercitatus, habens secum, tam de ponciis quàm de Morinis, milites plurimos; non minus astutiâ militari, quàm animi virtute praestantes. He was the cheifJoh. Hagustald. 259 a. n. 30 & 40. of these great Peers that gave Battle to the Scots at North Alverton, in An. 1138.An. 1138. 3 Steph. when David their King had invaded the North with a mighty Army, challengingJoh. Hagustald. 259 a. n. 30 & 40. Northumberland for his Son Henry, in right of Maud, Daughter and Heir to Earl Waltheof, (Wife of David, and Mother to the said Henry, as under the title of Huntendon; I have more at large shewed) havingAilred. Rieval de Bello Standardico, 379. • . 20. under his command, many stout and expert Soldiers, the rest being these, as followeth, viz. Ibi • . 262. n. 20 & 30. Videsis etiam Hist. Ric Prioris Hagustald. de Bello Standardi, col. 321 & 322. Walter de Gant, Robert de Brus, Roger de Mulbray, Walter Espec, William de Percy, Bernard de Bailloi, Richard de Cursi, William Fossard, Robert de Estoteville, Ilbert de Lacy, William Peverell, with the Power of Nottinghamshire; Robert Ferrers with those of Derbishire, and Geffrey Hanselyn; who all encamping near that place (scil. North Alverton ) on the Octaves of the Assumption of our Blessed Lady (where the venerable Thurstan, then Archbishop of York, had causedIbid. & H. Hunt. 223 a. a famous Standard to be erected, and thereon the Banners of S. Peter, S. Iohn of Beverley, and S. Wilfrid of Rippon, adding thereto the Sacred Host; to the end, that all who came to it, might receive the more encouragement) were so admirably excited by that pithyMat. Paris, in An 1138. (p. 76. n. 20.) Oration which Geffrey, Bishop of Durham, (sent by Archbishop Thurstan, at that time faln sick) then made; that, falling upon the Scots with incomparable valor, they soon obtained Joh. Hagustald. 262. n 40 & 50. a most compleat and glorious Victory. Whereupon, this our Earl William, in reward of his Prowess, was forthwith advancedIbid. n. 60. to the Earldom of Yorkshire, by King Stephen; as Robert de Ferrers was to that of Derbishire. In memory of which Battle, the Ground whereon it was fought, lying about two miles distant from North Alverton (on the right hand the Road, leading thence towards Durham) is to this day called S • andard Hill, having in it divers hollow places still known by the name of the Scots Pits.

But after this,An. 1141. about three years, he was with the same King Stephen, 6 Steph. with worse success, at that fatal BattleJ •• val. col. 1030 b. n 40. H. Hunt. 224 b. n. 20 of Lincoln (of which I have spoke at large, under the title of • hester) the King himself being there taken prisoner, and all his Forces utterly vanquished, being then Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 472 b. l 40. S. Dunelm. 268. n. 50. stiled Earl of York; and (as it is said by S. D • nelm. 269. n. 20. some) fled away from the fight, exposing the King to that loss which he then underwent. Moreover, in An. 1144. (9 Steph.) beingLel Coll. Vol. 2. 314. much afflicted by the enmity of Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and Gilbert de Gant, he betookLel Coll. Vol. 2. 314. himself to the Priory of Bridlington, and there stood upon his guard.

Thus much for his Military Actions, which those of his Piety did 〈◊〉 exceed; for he was the devout Founder of these several Religious Houses, viz. Meaux Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 793. a. n. 50. in Holderness, (not far from his Castle of Skipsey) in An. 1136. Thornton upon Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 198 b. n 10. Humber in An. 1139. and Bytham Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 831. n. 10. in Lincolnshire in An. 1147. (afterwards translated to Uaudey;) all which he then endowed with large Revenues.

And because the occasion of his Founding that of Meaux, is somewhat remarkable, I shall here take the boldness to give a short account Ibid. 793 a. u. 50. thereof.

Being a person very famous in his time, and owner of the greatest part of Yorkshire, and having made a Vow to go unto Ierusalem, he could not, by reason of his age and corpulency, well perform the same: Wherefore, there being then a Monk of Fountains, called Adam, who was a person of singular Prudence, and great Fame; and at that time busied in the structure of the Abbey of Woburne in Bedfordshire, as also of • irkstede and Uaudey in Lincolnshire (of which last, this Earl William was Founder, as hath been said) this Monk thereupon became in some measure acquainted with our Earl; and discerning, that he was in no small trouble of mind touching that his Vow, advised him, for satisfaction thereof, to found some Monastery of the Cistercian Order; adding, that if he should please so to do, he would obtain if for him, from the Pope, an Absolution from the Vow. The Earl thereupon consenting, Adam forthwith resorted unto Eugenius the Third, (at that time in France;) and, having acquainted him with his errand, as also obtained his desire, returned, and took view of all the Lands of this Earl, to the end, he might find the most proper and commodious Seat for the same: In which view, seeing this Territory, now called Meaux, to be well adorned with Woods and Groves, and environed with Lakes and Waters, as also the Soil thereof very fruitful; he concluded, that it would be the most fit and proper place for that purpose, and ascending that part thereof, then called Our Ladies Hill, he went to the top of it, and fixed his Staff in the Ground, saying, This place shall be called the Kings Court, the Vineyard of Heaven, and Gate of Life. Here shall be ordain • d a People worshipping Christ: And then turning himself to the standers by, said, There shall be in the last days a Mount Prepared for the House of God on the top of an Hill. Which words, said he, I know not how it comes to pass, but I have all this day had in my Mouth; and now I see that Providence hath occasioned the same, and willed, that on this little ascent, his Temple should be made in us.

But when the Earl saw that this Monk had made choice of that place, he was not a little troubled in mind, in regard he had an extraordinary love to it, by reason of its situation, having not long before obtained it in exchange from one Sir Iohn de Meaux a Knight, (whose Inheritance it was) for the Mannor of Bewick near Aldburgh, with purpose to have inclosed it for a Park, having begun a Ditch on the West side thereof, afterwards called Park-Ditch, which exchange was confirmedEx ipso A • togr. in Bibl. Cotton. by King Henry the Second. Nevertheless, yellding to the Monk therein, the Abbey of Meaux was there Founded accordingly.

And lastly, over and besides these great Foundations of those three Religious Houses before remembred, he gaveEx ipso A • tographo penès Prenob. Thom an • Comitem Elginiae, An. 16 • 9. to the Canons of Bridlington, the third part of a Carucate of Land in Otringham, four Bovates in Sprotelay, six Bovates in Attin • wic, one Carucate in Schirlington, four Bovates in Biford, and four Bovates in Bovinton; which gift was in recompenceEx ipso A • tographo penès Prenob. Thom an • Comitem Elginiae, An. 16 • 9. of some wrongs he had done to them. And this he did by the title of Earl of York, as his CharterEx ipso A • tographo penès Prenob. Thom an • Comitem Elginiae, An. 16 • 9. it self doth manifest.

The name of his Wife was Cicily Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 796 b. n. 40., Daughter to William Fitz-Duncan, EarlMonast Anglic. Vol 1. 400 b. l. 26. of Murraff, Nephew to Malcolme, King of Scots, byIbid. • 00 b. n. 20 & 30. Alice, the Daughter of Robert de Romely, Lord of the Honor of Skipton in Craven, &c. By which Marriage he enjoyedIbid. 796 b. n. 40. as her Inheritance, all that part of Yorkshire, called Craven; and left issueIbid. 400 b. n 40. by her only these two Daughters, viz. Hawise and Cicily, as some call her, but perhaps it should be Amicia; for it appearsClaus. 6 Ed. 1 m. 2. in dorso., that such a Daughter he had, and that she was the Wise of ... Eston, which ... Eston had issue by her a Son called Ranulph, and he Iohn, Father of another Iohn de Eston (or Aston,) who, as right Heir after Aveline de Fortibus (of whom I shall make mention anon) claimedClaus. 6 Ed. 1 m. 7. this Earldom of Albemarle, in 6 Edw. 1. And had Plac. Parl. 9 Ed. 2. Rot 9. certain Lands in Thornton Plac. Parl. 9 Ed. 2. Rot 9., to the value of One hundred pound per annum, assigned to him to release his Right therein: Which he didClaus. 6 Edw. 1. in dorso, m. 2. accordingly, and not only so, but toClaus. 6 Edw. 1. in dorso, m. 2. all the Lands and Tenements in England, which did sometime belong to Alice de Fortibus, Iohn de Fortibus, Thomas de Fortibus, William de Forribus, and William le Grosse, sometime Earl of Albemarle, and Hawise his Daughter; together with all the Right of Avice, Constance, and Ranulph his Ancestors, and of all other his Ancestors, as well in England, as in Normandy.

This Earl William le Grosse diedR. Hoved. 338 a. n. 30. in An. 1179.An. 1179. (25 Hen. 2.) and was buriedR. Hoved. 338 a. n. 30. in that Abbey of Thornton upon Humber, which himself had Founded.

¶To whom succeeded in this Earldom, William de Mandevil, William de Mandevill. Earl of Essex, in Right of Hawise hisMonast Anglic. Vol. 1. 772 b. n 10 Wife, Daughter and sole Heir, as it should seem to the same Earl William le Grosse: For it is saidIbid 453 a. of this William de Mandevil, that (after his return from the Holy Land, on which Voyage he went in An. 1176.) Hawistam filiam Comitis de Albamarla, cum totâ Patris Haereditate desponsavit: He wedded Hawise the Daughter of Albemarle, with the whole Inheritance of her Father. And that he had the title of Earl of Albemarle, is clearR Hoved. 351 b. n. 40. enough. But of that Earl (viz. William de Mandevil) having occasion to speak more largely in Essex, I shall now say no more, than that he departedIbid. 376. n. 20. this life at Roan in Normandy, in the Moneth of November, An. 1189.An. 1189. An. 1190. (2 R. 1.) (1 Rich 1.) leaving no issue by this Hawise, who afterwards taking Lel. Coll. Vol 2. p 373. William de Fortibus to her Husband, he was also in her Right, Earl of Albemarle, and Lord of Holderne • s.

¶This William de Fortibus William de Fortibus 1. being with King Richard the First, at Chinon in Anjou, in the second year of His Reign, was thereR. Hoved. 379 b. lib. 7. constituted one of the Admirals of his whole Fleet; wherewith, shortlyIb. 380 b. n. 40. after Easter that year, they sailedIb. 380 b. n. 40. towards Ierusalem. In which journey, passingIbid. 383. n. 40 & 50. betwixt Affrica and Spain, (after many Tempests) they cameIbid. 383. n. 40 & 50. to Marseilles, on the Octaves of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin; and on Holy Rood day toIbid. 383. n. 40 & 50. Messana in Sicily.

In the same year, upon Collection of the Scutage for Wales, he answeredRot. Pip. 2 Rich. 1. Everwic sc., Six pound Ten shillings for the Barony of Skipton, and Ten pound for the Knights Fees appertaining to his Earldom of Albemar • e. In 6 Rich. 1. upon levying the Scutage for the Redemption of King Richard, from his imprisonment in Almaine, he was acquittedRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Essex, Hertf. & Everwic sc., in regard he hadRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Essex, Hertf. & Everwic sc. been with him in his Army in Normandy; and in that year departedR. Hoved. 43▪ a. this life, leaving issue 〈…〉 William de Fortibus his Son and Heir; but in regard that Hawise his Wife was Heir to this Earldom, and that surviving him, she married 〈…〉 again to Baldwine de Betun, then Earl 〈…〉 . of the Isle of 〈◊〉 , the said Baldwine enjoyed 〈…〉 this Earldom in her Right, by the savor of King Richard: From whom also, he had such great respects, that he received by his Grant 〈…〉 the Mannors of Luiton, Waneting, and Norton; and was sent 〈…〉 in the Nineth year of His Reign (together with the then Bishops of Durham and Ely) to be present at the election of the Roman Emperor, viz. Otho, Nephew to that King.

In 2 Ioh. this Earl Baldwine had a Grant Cart. • Joh. n. 60. from the King to himself, and Hawise his Wife, and their Heirs, that they should enjoy the Town of Heddune (in Holderness) for a Free Borough, in as full a manner as the Burgesses of York held theirs.

In 5 Ioh. he grantedCart. 5 Jo • . n. 153. to William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, with Alice his Daughter in Frank-marriage, the Lordships of Brabourn, Surton, and • emesing in Kent, Luiton in Bedfordshire, Rollesham in Norfolk, Waneting in Berkshire, Severnstoke in Worcestershire, and Norton in Northamptonshire, to hold to them and their Heirs.

In the same year King Iohn bestowedCart. 5 Joh. pars altera, n. 23. on him all the Lands and Possessions of the Advocate of Betun, within this Realm of England. And moreover grantedIbid. n. 86. m. 8. to him a Fair yearly to be held at his Lordship of Skipton in Yorkshire; as also License toIbid. n 87. Afforest his Lands at Apeltrewyke, for two miles in length, &c. And likewiseIbid. n. 88. all his Lands in Craven, as the Bounderies thereof extend betwixt the same, and the Lands of the Constable of Chester, for the length of five miles.

In 13 Ioh. this Earl Baldwine, upon Collection of the Scutage for Scotland, answered Rot. Pip. 13 Joh. Everwic sc. Fourscore marks for Twenty Knights Fees belonging to his Countess Hawisia, and Fifty two marks for Thirteen Knights Fees of the Inheritance of Alice de Rumelli her Mother, Wife of Alexander Fitz-Gerold; and diedMat. Paris, in eodem An. p. 231. l. 32. the next year following, viz. An. 1212. (14 Ioh.) leaving the same Hawisia alive, who then gaveCart. 14 Joh. n. 19. Rot. Pip. • 4 J • h Everwic sc. no less than the Sum of Five thousand marks, for to have the Possession of her Inheritance and Dowries, and that she might not be compelled to marry again.

All that I have farther known of her, is, That inMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. 772 b. her pure Widowhood, after the death of Baldwine de Betun her last Husband, she bestowed Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. 772 b. on the Monks of Gerondon in Leicestershire, for the health of the Soul of William de Mandevill, Earl of Essex (her first Husband) her own, and her Ancestors Souls, four Carucates of Land in Estwell: And that she made an ample ConfirmationIbid 798 b. n. 20. to the Monks of Meaux, of all the Possessions given at the Foundation of that Abbey, by William, Earl of Albemarle her Father; and of all other the Lands wherewith it was endowed.

¶Unto which Baldwine de Betun, succeeded Ibid. 799 a. n. 60. in this Earldom of Albemarle, William de Fortibus the Second (Son to the before specified Hawise, by William de Fortibus William de Fortibus 2. her second Husband.) Unto whom King Iohn in the Sixteenth of His Reign, confirmedCart. 16 Joh. n. 40. all the Lands which accrued to him by Inheritance from his Mother.

This William in 17 Ioh. takingLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 841 part with the Rebellious Barons against the King, wasLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 841 one of the Five and twenty chosen by them, for Governing the Realm. And upon the invitation Mat. Paris, in An. 1215. pag. 255. l. 9. of those Rebellious Barons, repairedMat. Paris, in An. 1215. pag. 255. l. 9. to London (with many other) and joynedMat. Paris, in An. 1215. pag. 255. l. 9. with them; and not only so, but obligedIbid. 262. n. 10. himself by Oath, with those Five and twenty above expressed, to observe the Tenor of the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest, signed by the King at Runmmede; as also to compelIbid. the King so to do, in case he should receed therefrom: But he soon after fellClaus. 17 Joh. m. 11. off from his Party, and adhered Mat. Paris, in eodem An p. 274. n. 30. to the King, beingMat. Paris, in • odem An p. 274. n. 30. with him in his expedition that very year, when he made such spoil and rapine in the Northern Parts: Yea, he increased so much in his favor, that he obtained a GrantClaus. 17 Joh. m. 5. of all the Lands which belonged to Ali • e his Sister, then Wife to William Mareschall the younger; and the next year ensuing was made GovernorMat. Paris, pag. 276 n 30 & 40. of the Castles of Rockingham in 〈◊〉 ; Sauvey (near Ouston Abbey) in Leicestersh • re, and Bitham in Lincolnshi • e; with strictMat. Paris, pag. 276 n 30 & 40. command to destroy all the Houses, Parks, and Possessions of those Barons who were in Arms against the King.

Upon the death of King Iohn, An. 1217. (1 H. 3.) he also stood firm to King Henry the Third, having the custody of that Castle of 〈◊〉 committedPa • 1 H. 3 m. 15. to him in the first year of His Reign; and was one of those great Men, who on the Kings behalf, laid siegeMat Paris. 293. n. 30. to Mount • orell Castle in Leiceste • shire, then heldMat Paris. 293. n. 30. on the behalf of the Rebellious Barons by Henry de Braybro • ; so likewise, at the raisingIbid. p. 195 of that siege of Lincoln Castle, by the overthrow of their whole Army, was Ibid p. 296. one of the cheif Commanders on the Kings part:An. 1218. But havingMat. Paris, pag. 30 • . n. 10. by this course of life got much plunder, couldMat. Paris, pag. 30 • . n. 10. not refrain that ravening practise; which being discerned by the King, he tookIbid. p. 310. the custody of those Castles of • ocking • am and Sauvey from him: Whereupon he fl • w out into open Rebellion, and comingIbid. • . 20 & 30. to 〈◊〉 Castle, made excursionsIbid. • . 20 & 30. into the Countrey adjacent, doing much spoil, and bringing Ibid. • . 20 & 30. the plunder thither. Thence he went to 〈◊〉 , and surprisedIbid n 3 & 4 • . that Castle, there being but a slender strength therein, under the command of Ranulph, Earl of Chester, then absent from it.

Which gave such an Alarm to the King, that he forthwith raisedIbid. a powerful Army, marched Ibid. to 〈◊〉 , and threwIbid. down the Walls of that Castle; whereat those within were so much astonished, that they soon yieldedIbid. themselves, imploring mercy. Nor was this our Earl himself less startled (being also excommunicatedYpod Neust. 57. n. 40. by Pandulfe, the Popes Legate, for those his Rapines;) and therefore deemingMat. Paris, in An. 1221 p. 310. n 50 5 H. 3.) it safest to submit, he soughtMat. Paris, in An. 1221 p. 310. n 50 5 H. 3.) to Walter, Archbishop of York and Pandulfe; who, in respect of his former services to the King, and his Father, madeMat. Paris, in An. 1221 p. 310. n 50 5 H. 3.) his peace for him.

For that expedition against Bitham Castle, it wasRot. Pip 5 H • . Everwi • sc., That the King levied Scutage the same year upon all that held of him by Military Service; amongst which, it appears, That this 〈◊〉 Earl of Albemarle, answered Forty pound for Twenty Knights Fees; as also Six pound Ten shillings for those Fees which he had by Inheritance from his Grand-mother Alicia de Rum • li, viz. The Barony of Skipton in Craven.

Yet,An. 1224. (8 H. 3.) notwithstanding that the King did so gratiously accept of his submission (as is observed) it was not long ere he fell off again, adhering Mat. Pari • , 319 n 40. to the Earl of • hester, and others, who had Mat. Pari • , 319 n 40. an evil eye upon Hubert de Burgo, then Justice of En • land; but discerningIbid. pag. 320. that there was no likelihood to carry on the business; and fearing Ibid. pag. 320. lest the Archbishop and Bishops would have thundred out Excommun • cations against them, they cameIbid. pag. 320. in to the King at Northampton, and deliveredIbid. up those Castles and places of strength which they held.

In 9 Hen. 3. the King, byClaus 9 H 3. m. 23. a Judgment at Law, having recoveredClaus 9 H 3. m. 23. the moyty of those Lands which were the Inheritance of Alicia de Rumeli (Grand-Mother to this Earl) whereof the Mannor of Rodeston in Northamptonshire, was Claus 9 H 3. m. 23. not then claimed, he gave commandClaus 9 H 3. m. 23. to the Sheriff of that County, to respite the making any Partition thereof at that time.

In 14 Hen. 3.An. 1230. (14 H. 3.) this Earl beingMat. Paris, p. 367. n. • 0. with the King in Normandy, and other parts beyond Sea, he wasMat. Paris, p. 367. n. • 0. (together with the Earl of Chester and William Mareschal) left to command those Forces which stayed there upon the Kings return into England.

Moreover, he confirmedMonast. A • glic. Vol 1 396 b. n. 30. to the Monks of S. Begaes in Cumberland, all that had been granted to them, by his Ancestors, of his Fee in Allerda • e and Cou • land; and farther, gave Monast. A • glic. Vol 1 396 b. n. 30. them one mark of Silver yearly payable out of his Fulling-Mill at Cokermouth. To the Nuns at 〈◊〉 in Yorkshire, he also ratified Ibid. 474 b. n. 50. the Grant of three Carucates of Land given to them by Agnes de Catfosse.

After which, scil. in An. 1241. (25 Hen. 3.) with some other persons of note, he 〈◊〉 Mat. Paris, p. 5 • 1. forth of England, upon a Pilgrimage to Ierusalem, but departedIbid. p. 577. n. 50. this life on Good-Friday the same year, upon the Medittrerranean Sea, before he got thither; leaving issueMonast. Anglic. 798. l. 9 & 11. by Aveline his Wife, DaughterRot. Pip. 5 Ed. 1. sub titulo Compot. Rich. de Holbrok. Esc. 3 Ed. 1. n. 31. Essex., and at length, Coheir to Richard de Munfichet (a great Baron in Essex) William his Son and Heir; who payingRot. Pip. 25 E. 3. Ebor. an Hundred pound for his releif, and doingRot. Fin. 25 Hen. 3. m. 3. his homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 25 Hen. 3. m. 3. of his Lands, lying in the CountiesPat. 25 H 3 m. 3. of Yo • k, Surrey, Northampton, Kent, • ou • hampton, and Lincoln; and in particular of the Castles of Cokermouth in Cumberland, S •• pton in Craven, and Skipse in Holderne • s.

¶This William de Fortibus the Third,William de Fortibus 3. was he who made PartitionCollectan R Glov in Officio Arm. f. 112 a. with Alice, the Wife of Alan de Multon, of the Forests of Allerdale, Cokermouth, and Raidebec, in Cumberland, which were the Inheritance of him and her, by descent from Cicily, Daughter and Coheir of William Fitz-Duncan. And in 29 Hen. 3. upon Collection of the Aid for Marriage of the Kings eldest Daughter, paidRot. Pip. 29 H. 3 Ebot. Thirty four pound for Twenty Knights Fees of his Earldom of 〈◊〉 ▪ and for Sixteen Knights Fees which were of the Inheritance of Alicia de Rumeli before mentioned.

The next year following, he joyned with the rest of the Peers of Eng • and, in a LetterMat. Paris, in An 1246. p. 700. n. 50. to the Pope, whereby they represented to his Holiness, the many oppressions and exactions upon this Realm from the See of Rome; with intimation, that if speedy remedy were not had therein, they must help it themselves.

And in xli, xliii, and the half of xliiii of Henry the Third, (which was till his death) he had Rot. Pip. de iisdem Annis Cumb • . the Sheriffalty of Cumberland.

To his first Wife (in 20 H. 3.) he married Mat Paris, in An. 1236. p. 430. n. 30. Christian, Daughter and Coheir to Alan of Galoway (a great Man in Scotland;) whereupon King Henry grantedClaus. 25 H. 3. m 1. to him and her, the Mannors of Thingden in Northamptonshire, and Dryffeld in Yorkshire, in exchange for what belonged to her, as part of the Inheritance, divolved to her, by the death of Iohn Scot, the last Earl of Chester. Which Christian hadClaus. 30 H. 3. m. 3. also the moyty of the Mannor of Fodringhay, in the said County of Northampton, and departedMat Paris, in An 1246 p. 710▪ n. 20. this life 30 Hen. 3. without issue; whereupon a great part of Ga • loway (of her Inheritance) cameMat Paris, in An 1246 p. 710▪ n. 20. to Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, who married Mat Paris, in An 1246 p. 710, n. 20. her other Sister.

After which,A. 31 H. 3. scil. the next ensuing year, he took to WifeCollectan. R. Glov. Somers. Isabel, Daughter to Baldwine, Earl of Den; by whom he had issuePlat. coram Rege apud West. T Pasch. 9 E • w. 2. Rot. 112. three Sons, Iohn Plat. coram Rege apud West. T Pasch. 9 E • w. 2. Rot. 112., Thomas, and William; and two Daughters Plat. coram Rege apud West. T Pasch. 9 E • w. 2. Rot. 112., Avice and Aveline; which Avice died Collectan. R. Glov. ut supra. young, and was buriedCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. in the Abbey of Meaux.

This Earl taking a journey into France, in An. 1260.M Westm. in An. 1260. n. 20. (44 Hen. 3.) and lodging at Amiens (by reason of a SuteM Westm. in An. 1260. n. 20. in Law he then had) did there departM Westm. in An. 1260. n. 20. this life in the Moneth of Iune, the same year; whereupon his Corps was broughtM Westm. in An. 1260. n. 20. over into England, and Interred in one of the Monasteries of his Ancestors Foundation.

Shortly after which, Isa • el his Widow, had assignedClaus. 44 H. 3. m. 7. for her Dower, the Mannors of Cockermouth and Pokelinton; as also the Cotiars and other Tenants by Bond-service at Freston, a Member of Brustwyke in Holderness.

To the care and tuition of this Isabel, were committedClaus. 44 H. 3. in dorso m. 8. two of her Sons before mentioned, viz. Thomas and William (Iohn being then dead, as it seems) but neither of them lived long after: Thomas dyingCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. first, was buriedCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. in the Church of the Fryers Preachers at Stanford; and William dyingCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. in Oxford, at theCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. Fryers Preachers there.

So that the Issue-male thus failing, and Avice, the elder Daughter, being also dead in her Childhood, the Wardship of Aveline was by the King grantedMat. Westm. in An. 1260. n. 20. to Richard de Clare, then Earl of Glocester, for the whole term of fifteen years of her minority. Which Grant was ere long surrendred, as it seems; for it appearsClaus. 47 H. 3. in dorso • m. 16., that the King afterwards gave the same unto Edward his eldest Son, and that he during the minority of the said Heir, in consideration of 1500 l. assigned the Castle and Barony of Skipton in Craven, unto Alexander King of Scotland.

I now return to the same Isabel, of whom I find, that in 52 Hen. 3. she hadPat. 52 H 3. m. 36. Livery of the Castle of Carisbrook, and Isle of Wight, (which were of her Inheritance) and that she confirmedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 763 a. n. 20. all the Donations made by her Noble Ancestors (the Earls of Devon and Exeter) unto the Abbey of Quarrera in that Isle, which Monastery was of their Foundation: In which grant she stilesMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 763 a. n. 20. her self, Isabella de Fortibus, Comitissa de Albemarle & Devoniâ, ac Domina Insulae, she being then soleIbid. 790 b. n 10 & 20. Heir to the Earldom of Devon, byIbid. 790 b. n 10 & 20. reason of the death of Baldwine the Fifth of that name, Earl of Devon, her Brother, without issue. So likewiseIbid. 940 b., all the Grants which were made unto the Monks of Bocland in Devonshire, by the Lady Amicia Countess of Devon; her Mother Foundress of that Abbey.

To the Cannons of Bolton (near Skipton in Craven) she gaveMonast. Anglic Vol. 2. 10 • a. n. 10, 20 & 30. the Lordships of Wygedone and Brandone, one Messuage, one Toft, and two Carucates of Land in Wethetone and Halthwait, one Messuage and nine Bovates of Land in Roudon; as also Six Burgages in Harewood, with the Mills of Harewood. And to the Abbey of Montesburg in Normandy, she confirmedIbid. 9 • 2 • n. 60. the Mannors of Loderis in Dorsetshire, (which was made a Cell to that Foreign Abbey▪) and likewise the Lordships of Axmue, Wolveley, Appledercumbe, and Wyke, which had been formerly granted to that Religious House by her Ancestors.

¶Having thus done with Isabel, I shall now conclude with Aveline, Abeline. the sole Daughter and Heir, remaining of this last Earl William de Fortibus, and of her the said Isabel.

Upon the sixth Ides of Iuly, An. 1269. (53 Hen. 3.) being Heir to this great Earldom, and that of Devon, as also to the Barony of Skipton, and Soveraignty of the Isle of Wight, (as hath been observed) Edmund, second Son to King Henry the Third (commonly called Crouchback, and afterwards Earl of • ancaster) took her to WifePat. 53 H. 3. m. 7. M. Paris, in • odem An p. 10 • 6. n. 20. Ypod. Neustr. in An. 1269. p. 66. n. 10., the King and Queen, with almost all the Nobility of England, being Anon Ab • ngd Vol. 1. in Bibl. Bodl. (Med. 20.) 123 b. at the Wedding. And, in 1 Edw. 1. she becoming of ageClaus 1 Ed. 1. m 9. sufficient to possess her Lands, her Husband Edmund doing his fealty, had Livery Claus 1 Ed. 1. m 9. of them. But in 4 Edw. 1. the King having a mind to all her Castles and Lands, came to an agreementClaus. 4 Ed. 1. m. 7. in cedul • . with her for them, viz. That she should by sufficient Assurance pass them unto him and his heirs, as well the Isle of Wight, as other; with the Advowsons and Patronage of Churches and Religious Houses; as also all the Knights Fees of her Inheritance, excepting the Lordships of Sevenhampton, Whit-Hechurch, Harewood, and Cro • t: And he to Enfeoff her of Lands and Tenements, according to the full extent and worth of those Lands and Advowsons, wherein she had only estate for term of life, to hold to her and her heirs, until she should have an exchange made to the full value; and moreover, to pay her in money the sum of Twenty thousand marks for the Grant and Confirmation of the Premisses, which Grant Pat. 11 Ed. 3. p. 1. per Inspex. was by her accordingly made.

Howbeit, notwithstanding this Agreement is thus formally Recorded, (as I have here shewed) it is said by some, That what was done therein, as to the Isle of Wight, was not real, but fraudulent. For thus they reportMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 791 a., That King Edward the First, much desiring that Isle, and importuning Isabel de Fortibus, her Mother, frequently for it, was still denied; and by her answered, That she would not wrong her heirs so much as to pass that part of her antient Inheritance from them. And, that thereupon the King taking notice, that Sir ... de Stratton, a Priest, had much interest and power with her, he set him on to work her to it; and that he, more for fear, than otherwise, promised him so to do: But when he saw, that he could by no means prevail with her therein, to the end he might not frustrate the Kings expectation, having promised to effect his desire; he waited till her death, and then forged a Grant thereof, and put her Seal to it, which Seal he had (with other of her goods at that time in his power;) and that, by this means, the right heirs were shamefully defrauded thereof. But, after all this, the better to fortifie his title to these Lands, in the Sixth year of His Reign, the King procured a Release Claus. 6 〈◊〉 1. in dorso, m. 2. from Iohn de Aston, (who pretended some right thereto by Descent from those Earls) of all his Claim and Interest which he had, or which could divolve unto him from them, or any of them: In consideration whereof, the King gaveIbid. him the Inheritance of One hundred pound per annum Lands, in his Lordship of Thornton (near Pickering in Com. Ebor.) to hold by the Service of one Knights Fee.

After the death of Margaret de Riperiis, Countess of Devon, which hapned in 20 Edw. 1. she had LiveryClaus. 20 Ed 1. m. 4. of the Mannors of Pisshoo, Newham, South-Lamheth, Wrokeshale, and. Cristechirch, which were of her DowryClaus. 20 Ed 1. m. 4., she the said Aveline, being SisterClaus. 20 Ed 1. m. 4. and Heir to Baldwine, Earl of Devon, Husband to that Margaret. And the year following grantedPat. 21 Ed. 1. m. 3. the Inheritance of the same Mannor of Cristechirch, An. 1293. 23 Edw. 1. unto the King; but before the end of that year, upon theCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. Fourth Ides of November, she departedCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. this life at Stokewel, near London, and was buriedCollectan. R. Glov. ut supra. in the Priory of Brommore in Wiltshire, (of the Foundation ofMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. 201 b n. 40. Baldwine de Riperiis, the First Earl of Devon of that name, her Ancestor) leavingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. • 00 b. l. 51. no issue, whereby this Earldom of Albemarle, with that of Devon, were, in process of time, transferred to other Families.

Earls of Hereford.

THe first Earl of this County, after the Conquest, was William Fitz-Osborne, William Fitz-Osborne., a Person not inferior in point of Merit unto any of those that came over into England with the Puissant Norman Duke, nor much remote from him in Alliance: For Herfastus his Grand-father, wasW Gemet. 299 D. Brother to Gunnora, Great Grand-mother to that victorious Hero; and his FatherW Gemet. 299 D. Osberne de Crepon, StewardIb. 268 D. Ord. Vit. 467 A. of his Houshold and SewerIb 372 A. & 656 D. W Malms. 59 a. n. 30..

Of his generous exploits before he came first into England, that whereof, I have already made some mention in my discourse of Roger de Montgomery, under the title of Arundel and Shrewsbury, is not the least, when he was sent with him by Duke William, to discover the strength of Geffrey Martel, Earl of Anjou, who then came with all his power to raise the siege of Danfront.

Amongst the Counsellors of that Renowned Duke, he is instancedRad. de Diceto, 479. • 30. Gesta W. Duc. Nor. 197 a for one; and of his advisers Rad. de Diceto, 479. • 30. Gesta W. Duc. Nor. 197 a to undertake that famous expedition into England, which proved so successful, the cheifW. Malms. 59 a. n 30. H Hunt. 210 b. n. 20.; and not only so, but that he pressed W. Malms. 59 a. n 30. H Hunt. 210 b. n. 20. him thereto with most earnest and weighty Arguments. Nor was he wanting to second that his Counsel by his Actions most valiantly adventuringGesta W. Duc Nor. 202 D. Ord. Vit. 501 C. himself in that Signal Battle, whereby that Duke obtained the Crown of England, being then the cheifGesta W. Ducis, 208 D. Ord. Vit. 506 C. in his Army; for which high services, he was first advanced R. Hoved. 258 a. n 10. to this Earldom of Hereford, having also the Isle of Wight then givenOrd. Vit. 521 D. him;An. 1066. and in the second year of His Reign, constitutedOrd. Vit. 506 C W Malms. 258 A. n. 20. Governor of that strong Castle at • inchester, which was then newly built; as also cheifOrd. Vit. 506 C W Malms. 258 A. n. 20. Administrator of Justice throughout the whole North of England, (as Odo, Earl of 〈◊〉 , was throughout the South) in which he behaved Gesta W. Ducis, 212 A. himself with no little prudence; sometimes acting alone, but in cases of necessity sitting Gesta W. Ducis, 212 A. both together, and assisting each other; always deporting himself with great Equity, as the King had directed him to do; punishing theGesta W. Ducis, 212 A. bad, cherishing the good, and carefully superintending those, who did administer Justice under him in each place.

In the third of that Kings Reign, after the raising of a strong Fort at York by the King,An. 1068. (when he had relieved that City, then besieged by Edgar Etheling, and his adherents) he was madeOrd. Vit. 512 D. Governor thereof.

By the adviceW. Malms • . 259 a. n 20. of this Earl, and some others, it is said, That King William caused all the Monasteries of England to be searched, and what Money he found that the rich Men of the Land had therein deposited, by reason of his austerity, to be taken away.

Howbeit, to make some amends for that, and all other miscarriages, which his Military course of life, or any other worldly respects had exposed him unto, he became the devout Founder W. Gemet. 278 C. of two fair Abbeys in Normandy; the one at Lira, the other at Corne • les.

And untoEx Registr • de Lira, n. 136 & 138. that of Lira, gave divers Churches Lands and Tithes in England, viz. The Church of Hanley in Worcestershire, as also all the Tithes of that Lordship, with Twenty shillings yearly Rent, one Man, and half a yard Land there. Likewise, all the Tithes of the Forest of Malverne, excepting Venison, the Tithes of Cuhull, with one Man, and half a yard Land there; the Tithes of Bissley, with one Man, and one yard Land there; the Tithes of Eldresfeld, one Man, and one yard Land there: The Churches of Fechham, Chedworth, the Tithes of Alverthone, and Eight shillings Rent out of the Church of Salpertone, the Tithes of Frothelmetone, with one hide and one yard Land in Danteburne.

But I now come to his death; the occasion whereof was thusW. Gemet. 299 B, C. Ord. Vit. 526 D., Upon the death of Baldwine, Earl of Flanders, Ernulph, Earl of Henault, being of right to succeed him, as Nephew and Heir (for he was his Grand-child by his eldest Son) Philip, King of France, came to his aid therein; and Maud, Queen of England, Aunt to the said Arnulph, sent this our Earl William Fitz-Osborne to give him assistance: But to oppose this Claim of Arnulph, Robert the Frison his Uncle, procured great Forces from Henry the Emperor; wherewith marching suddenly against the other, he fell upon them before they were aware; and having thereby soon routed the French, slew the said Arnulph his Nephew, with this our stout Earl, upon the Tenth Kalends of March, in the year 1070.An. 1070. 4 W. Con • Upon whose death, let us hear what the Monk of Utica (an English Man by birth) saithOrd. Vit, 536 A., and seriously take into consideration the vanity of Earthly-greatness; and withal observe, That after this short life of Nature, there is a long life of Fame, who will blow her Trumpet aloud to posterity, and plainly lay open to the World, as well the bad as good Actions of the most potent Men that shall be in their highest pitch of worldly power. Verè, ut gloria mundi flos feni, &c. Certainly (saith he) the glory of this World fadeth, and withereth as the flower of the Field, yea, it passeth away and vanisheth even as smoak. What is become of William Fitz-Osberne, Earl of Hereford, Vicegerent to the King, Sewer of Normandy, that mosi Warlike General? Was he not in truth the cheif and greatest oppressor of the English; and he who cherished an enormous cause by his boldness, whereby many thousands were brought to miserable ends? • See! The just Iudge beholding all things, rewards every man according to his own demerits. Alas! Is he not now slain? Hath not this hardy Champion had his desert? As he slew many with the Sword, so he suddenly received his death by the Sword.

Nor is it unworthy of Note, what the Monk of Worcester hath Regist. Wigorn. in Bibl. Cotton. of him.—The Town of Headsofrey, saith he, scituate at the East of Wic, doth of right belong to this Monastery; but after the Norman Conquest of this Realm, Earl William (of Hereford) took it away, and gave it to one Gilbert his servant, and so we lost that Lordship. And this Earl William, who unjustly took from God, and S. Mary, many other Lands, by the just judgment of God, not long after died (a banished man from his Country) an ignominious death; for not being afraid to disherit the Houses of God, God in just vindication thereof left him no heir to his Honor; his Son and Heir, being for Treason, within a short time imprisoned, where he miserably ended his life, and all his Posterity, by a publick Law, deprived of their Inheritance.

Dying thus, his Corps was conveyed to Cormeilles (one of the Abbeys of his own Foundation) and thereW. Gemet. 282 A & 278 B. Interred.

There is no doubt but that he had very large Possessions by the Conquerors gift; for it appears that he built the Castle of Estbrighoyel in Glocestershire, and the Castles of Clifford, Wigmore, and Ewias, in Herefordshire; but, in regard he died long before the General Survey, there is no Memorial at all left of them.

This Earl first tookIbid. 281 D. to Wife Adeline, Daughter to Roger de Toney (a great Baron, of whom I shall make mention in due place) and hadIbid. 281 D. issue by her, Three Sons and three Daughters; of which Sons, William, the eldest, hadOrd. Vit. 576 D. W. Gemet. 299 D. after his Fathers death, Bretol, and all other his Lands in Normandy; and, by the assistance of Philip, King of France, and Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, did, after a time, recoverIbid. 300 C, D. the Castle of Ivery, extorted from him by Gohell de Berhehivale; which Castle he had of the gift Ord. Vit. 664 C. of the said Robert. And having marriedOrd. Vit. 810 B. Adeline, Daughter to Hugh de Montfort, and been a great BenefactorIbid. 576 D. to the Monks of Utica, departed Ibid. 577 B. this life the second Ides of Ianuary, An. 1099. (12 Wil. Rusi.) Whereupon he had SepultureIbid. 577 B. in the Cloyster at Lira before mentioned; but left no legitimate issue.

His second Son was Raphe, shornW. Gemet. 282 A. a Monk at Cormeiles in his youth.

The third was Roger Roger. de Britolio, who had Ibid. 299 D. Ord. Vit. 527 A. this Earldom of Hereford, and all his Lands in England after his Fathers death. By the Instigation of this Roger, King William caused Jorval. 974. n. 20. all the Monasteries of England, in the Eighth of His Reign, to be searched for their treasure: But this Earl stood not long; for, being a faithless and treacherous Man, and combining with Raphe de Guader, Earl of Norfolk, (who had wedded his Sister Emme) in that Conspiracy Ibid. 534 A, • , C. for devesting King William of the Government,An. 1078. and advancing themselves to the sole sway of all; under most specious pretences he raisedIbid. 535 A. a powerful Army, and broke out inIbid. open Rebellion, but without success; for the King presently fell upon them with his Forces at a place called Fagadune, and there utterly routed Ibid 535 D. both of them, and all their adherents; who thereupon fleeing to Norwich, heldIbid 535 D. that City as long as they could; but at length being constrained to render it, this Earl Roger was sentIbid 535 D. for to the Court, and being questioned thereupon, could notIbid 535 D. deny the fact: Wherefore, according to the Norman Law, he was adjudgedIbid. 539 D. to lose all his Possessions, and to perpetual imprisonment, where, though he frequently used many scornful and contumelious expressions towards the King; yet he was pleased, at the celebration of the Feast of • aster, in a solemn manner (as then was usual) to send Ibid. 539 D. to this Earl Roger, at that time in prison, His Royal Robes; who so disdained the favor, that he forthwith causedIbid. 539 D. a great fire to be made, and the Mantle, the inner Surcoat of Silk, and the upper Garment lined with precious Furs, to be suddenly burnt. Which being made known to the King, he became not a little displeased, and saidIbid. 53 • A., Certainly he is a very proud Man, who hath thus abused me; but, By the Brightness of God, he shall never come out of prison so long as I live. Which expression was fulfilled to the utmost; for he never was released, during that Kings life, nor after, but diedIbid. 53 • A. in prison; leavingIbid. 53 • A. issue (though by whom not mentioned) two Sons Raynald and Roger, excellent Soldiers under King Henry the First; who, solliciting his elemency in their great distresses, foundIbid. little regard.

The two Daughters of this Earl William, were these, The first, viz. Emme, WifeW. Gemet. 299 D. to Raphe de Guader, Earl of Norfolk, of whom I shall say more under that Title; and the secondOrd. Vit 810 C. ... Mother to Raynald de Cracci; but her Christian name, and her Husbands, not exprest.

The second Wife of the same Earl William Fitz-Osborne, was Richild, Daughter andAnnal. Jac. Meye • , l. b. 2. p 27, 29, 3 • , 33. Heir to Reginald, Earl of Henault; first married to Herman, sometime also Earl of Henault: Secondly, toPier Balthazar in les Generals des Contes de Fla • dres, p. 68. Baldwine de Monte, called The Peaceable; and lastly, toPier Balthazar in les Generals des Contes de Fla • dres, p. 68. this our Earl.

Which Richild seeing Ernulph, Earl of Henault, her Son, and this Earl William Fitz-Osborne, her Husband slain by Robert de Frison (as hath been already said) betookPier Balthazar in les Generals des Contes de Fla • dres, p. 68. her self to a Religious Habit, and was veiled a NunPier Balthazar in les Generals des Contes de Fla • dres, p. 68. in the Abbey of Leige in Germany, and departing Maye • us, p. 35. this life on the Ides of March, An. 1086. was buriedMaye • us, p. 35. by her second Husband Baldwine de Monte, in the Abbey of Haunow, which they had Founded.

Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk.

RAphe, sirnamedW. Malms 58. B. n. 30. Ord. Vit. 522 C. Waher or Guader, was constitutedW. Malmsb. 59 a. n. 10. Earl of these Counties, by King William the Conqueror. SomeAnnal Mat. West. in An. 1075. Mat Paris▪ in eodem An. of our Historians do affirm, That he was an Englishman by Birth, born in Norfolk; and by his Mothers side of British Parentage (which they understand to beAnnal Mat. West. in An. 1075. Mat Paris▪ in eodem An. Welsh;) but othersW. Gemet, 299 D., that he was of Britanny in France: Which is the more likely, in regard he was ownerOrd. Vit. 53 • C. of the Castle of 〈◊〉 , in that Province.

Of this Earl there is not much memorable, other than what relateth to his perfidiousness towards King William, whom he designedW. Malms. 59. n. 20. R. Hoved. 211 b. n. 30. to destroy or expel;An. 1073. (9 W. C.) and, to that end drewW. Malms. 59. n. 20. R. Hoved. 211 b. n. 30. into his Conspiracy, Roger de Britolio, Earl of Here • ord, Waltheof, the Great Earl of Northumberland, and some others, at I • ning in Suffolk, upon his own Wedding day, when he married Emme, Sister to the same Earl of Herefo • d, (whose command he had to the contrary) taking his opportunity to impartW. Malmsb. ut supra. the business to them, when they were all highly elevated with Wine; by the advantage whereof, he then got their consents to joyn with him therein. Howbeit, the next day, when they were out of their Cups, and had better considered of the Matter; some of them cooling, retiredIb. n. 20. themselves, and quitted his company: Nevertheless, this Earl, with Roger, Earl of Hereford, and some others, persistedIb. n. 20. in their purpose; and for the better bringing it to pass, raisedIb. n. 20. what forces they could in their respective Counties; and having so done, endeavoredR. Hoved. 26 • b. n. 40 S Dunel 208 n. 30, 40 & 50. the Conjunction of them: But the venerable Wolstan, then Bishop of Worcester, being aware thereof, got what strength he could together, and maturelyR Hoved. 26 • b. n. 40 S Dunel 208 n. 30, 40 & 50. prevented the Earl of Hereford from passing Severne with his Army. Agelwine, abbot of Evesham, Vrso de Abbot, Sheriff of Worcestershire, and Walter de Laci (then a great Baron in Herefordshir • ) comingIbid. also, with all the power they could raise to the Bishops assistance therein.

And as this Reverend Bishop, with those I have mentioned, did what they well could to prevent Earl Roger from proceeding farther in that Rebellious enterprise: So didS. Dunelm. 208. n. 60. those stout and warlike Prelates, viz. Odo, Bishop of Bay ••• , and Geffrey, Bishop of Constance, with a considerable strength of English and Normans appear against Earl Raphe, then encamped near Cambridge; who soon discerning, that he was not able to give them Battle, fledIbid. n. 50. privately to Norwich; and soon after taking shipping, got first intoJorval 974. 30. H. Hunt 211 b. n. • 0. Ord. Vit. 5 • 5 • , C. • Britanny, and thence into Jorval 974. 30. H. Hunt 211 b. n. • 0. Ord. Vit. 5 • 5 • , C. • Denmark, leaving thoseJorval 974. 30. H. Hunt 211 b. n. • 0. Ord. Vit. 5 • 5 • , C. • Forces he had gathered together, to the mercy of his Adversaries; of which, many were slain, and many taken prisoners.

But the Castle of Norwich being thereupon besiegedR. Hoved. 262 a., was soon rendredR. Hoved. 262 a. by the Countess (his wife) and permission givenR. Hoved. 262 a. to her to go beyond Sea.

Being thus in Denmark, and there prevailing Jorval. 975. • 4 • . H H •• t. ut supra with Cnute, Son to King Swane, and Hacun a great Earl of that Countrey, to be of his party, he • et Sail for England with Two hundred Ships. Howbeit, when they came near the Coast, and well understoodH Hunt. 211 b. n. 40. what an Army King William had to encounter them, they diverted their course, and landedH. Hunt. 211 b. n. 40. in Flanders. After which, being a banishedOrd. Vit. 535 C. Man, he tookIbid. upon him the Cross, in the time of Pope Vrban the ... And with Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, wentIbid. in that expedition of his unto Ie • usa • em against the • urks, where, he afterwards, as a PilgrimIbid., in great pennance (his wife also accompanying him) diedIbid..

Of the Lands whereof he was possessed, the Conquerors Survey makes only mention of these, viz. Burton in Northamptonshire, Sanfort in Essex, Oucley in Berkshire, Bucham, Acle, Half • iate, Fiscele, Cas • re, Belge, Mildetune, Eccles, and Walesham in Nonfolk, and Stoctone, Walendham and Lutresurd in Com. Liecest.

This Earl Raphe had issue by E •• e his Wife, two Sons, viz. W. Geme •• 300 D. Raphe de Waer, and Alan Ord. Vit. 729 D.; and one Daughter, viz. Itta Ibid. 8 • 5 D. (alias Amicia) Wise W. Gemet. 300 A. to Robert, Earl of Leicester, (Son to Robert, Earl of Mellent;) unto whom she broughtOrd. Vit. 867 C, D., after the death of William de Britolio her Uncle, Lize, Glott, Britoll, and a great part of those Lands which William Fitz-Osborne, her Grand-father, had in Normandy; and which thenceforth were possest by the succeeding Earls of Leicester.

Which Raphe de Waer (eldest son to this last mentioned Earl Raphe) was adopted Heir unto his Uncle William de Britolio, (by reason that he had no Legitimate Issue of his Body) but being rejectedOrd. Vit. 810 C. by the Normans, he possessedOrd. Vit. 810 C. nothing thereof, Eustace his Illegitimate Son, by their power, having the same: Yet afterwards, through the favor of King Henry the First, he obtainedIbid. 〈◊〉 a. all the Honor of his Ancestors in those parts, excepting Pace • , whichIbid. 〈◊〉 a. Eustace de Britolio (an Illegitimate Son of William de Britolio) held.

Earls of Warwick.

THe first who had the title of Earl here, (after the Norman Conquest) was Henry de Newburgh, Henry. a youngerW. Gemet. 269 A. Son to Roger de Bellomont, Earl of Mellent, so calledHist. MS. Joh. Rous in Bibl. Cotto • . p. 125. from the Castle of Newburgh in Normandy, the place of his Birth. As to the direct time of his advancement to this Earldom, it doth not certainly appear; but, by Circumstances I guess it to have been towards the later end of King William the Conquerors Reign, in regard there is no mention of him in the General Survey (begun in the Fourteenth of that Kings time;) for my Author Ibid. says, That King William having begirt Warwick with a mighty Ditch, for the Precinct of its Walls; and erected the Gates at his own charge, did then promote this Henry to the Earldom, and annexed thereto the Royalty of the Borough, which at that time belonged to the Crown.

That Earls thus antiently had no formal Charters of Creation, is plain enough to those who have looked into Antiquities; the manner of their Investiture into that Dignity being then, By Girding with the Sword of the County, as Matth. Paris Mat. Paris, p. 154. l. 53., and others do observe. It cannot therefore be expected, that I should say more, as to the manner of his advancement thereto; howbeit, that it was the Conqueror who conferred this honor upon him, is not only manifest from the testimony of Iohn Rous, already vouched, but the credit of divers otherW. Gemet. l 7. c. • . Ord. Vit. p. 709 A. Chr. 〈◊〉 , f. 68 A. noted Historians.

It should seem, that before the King raised him to this state of Earl, he was trusted with the custodyOrd. Vit. p. 511 C. of Warwick Castle, then newly built by the Conqueror, or rather enlarged and more strengthned. But though he had this honor by the Conquerors gift, he was not, during that King days, possest of al those Lands, whereof afterwards he died seised; for it is evidentRegist. de Abend. in Bibl. Cotton. fol. 137 a., that King William Rufus in the very beginning of His Reign, bestowed on him the whole Inheritance of Turchil de Warwick (who hadDomesd. lib. sub tit. Warw. &c. large Possessions in this County, and several others, in the Conquerors time, having the reputation of Earl, though he was but in the nature of Deputy or Lieutenant here to the Earl of Mercia) whereupon he laid claimRegist. de Abend. ut supra. to what the Monks of Abendon had in Little Chesterton, and Hill (both in Com. Warr.) of Turhils gift, in the days of Abbot Aldelme; so that the succeeding Abbot, for quiet enjoyment thereof, came to a new AgreementIbid. with him, and gave Ibid. him a mark in Gold for confirmation of their Title.

That which I farther find most memorable of this Earl Henry, is, That he was one of those, who in An. 1081. (14 W. Conq.) byOrd. Vit. p. 572 D. & 573 A, B. fair Perswasions, qualified the anger of King William towards Robert Curthose his eldest Son; so that a fair composureOrd. Vit. p. 572 D. & 573 A, B. then ensued betwixt them. Being formerly ofH. Knighton, 2374. n. 60. great familiarity with Henry, the Kings youngest Son, he stuckH. Knighton, 2374. n. 60. closest to him, upon the death of King William Rufus, for his obtaining the Crown of this Realm, and likewiseW. Malmsb. f. 88 a n. 40. ever afterwards. Moreover, amongst the Witnesses to that notable Charter of King Henry the First, whereby he confirmedMat. Paris, pag. 56. n. 30. the Laws of King Edward the Confessor, and granted Mat. Paris, pag. 56. n. 30. many other savors, both to the Clergy and Laity; he is Recorded to have beenMat. Paris, pag. 56. n. 30. one. He also beganHist. MS. Jo • . Rous, u • supra, p. 166. the making of Wedgenock Park, near his Castle at Warwick, therein following the exampleHist. MS. Jo • . Rous, u • supra, p. 166. of King Henry, who madeHist. MS. Jo • . Rous, u • supra, p. 166. the first Park at Woodstock that ever was in England. He likewise FoundedIbid. p. 167. the Priory at Warwick for Canons of the Order of the Holy Sepulcher; and gaveRegist. Col. Warw. in Scacc. penès Remem. Reg. f 7b. the Church of Compton Murdac to be a Prebend in the Church of our Lady at Warwick, before it was made Collegiate. To the Monks of Preaux in Normandy, he gaveCart. 13 Ed. 1. n 69 per Inspex. the Lordship of Warmington in Com. Warr. which afterwards became a Cell to that Foreign Monastery. And, having weddedOrd. Vit. p. 676 A. Margaret, Daughter to Rotrode, Earl of Perch, left issue by he • five Sons, viz. Roger W Gemet. lib. 8. cap. 41. his Successor in this Earldom of Warwick, Henry W Gemet. lib. 8. cap. 41., Geffrey, Rotrode, Ord. Vit. p. 919 C., Bishop of Eureux; and Robert W. Gemet. ut supra., who inheriting his Fathers Lands in Normandy, was SeneschalOrd. Vit. p. 709 b. and JusticeOrd. Vit. p. 709 b. of that Dukedom; as also a great Benefactor Ord. Vit. p. 709 b. to the Abbey of Bec, in which he was afterwards shornChr. Nor. 996 A, B. a Monk, and departing this life xiiii Kal. Sept. An. 1158. had Sepulture Chr. Nor. 996 A, B. in the Chapter-house there. He had issue likewise twoW Gemet. lib. 8. cap. 41. Daughters, but their names I find not, nor whether they were married; and dying Rot. Joh. Rous. xx Iunii, An. 1123. (23 Hen. 1.) lieth buriedRot. Joh. Rous. in the Abbey of Preaux.

Of Margaret his Countess, who survived himRot. Pip. 2 H. • . Warr. above twenty years, it appears, that she was a special Benefactor to the Knights Templers: For in the year 1156. (2 Hen. 2.) she gave MS in Bibl. Coctan. sub Essigie Vitellu, f. 1. them the Town of Lammadok in Wales, and to the Canons of Kennilworth, quitted Regist. de Kenill. p. 19. her interest in the moity of the Lordship of Salford in Com. Warr. by the consent of her Sons, viz. Regist. de. Kenill. p. 19. Rotrode, Bishop of Eureux, Roger, Earl of Warwick, Robert de Newburgh, Geffrey, and Henry.

I now come to Roger Roger. the succeeding Earl. This Roger (amongst other the great Men of that time) was a WitnessRich. Hagustald 315 l. 8. to King Stephens Laws; and though he littleGesta Reg. Steph. 953 C. affected Military Imployments, yet he was one of those who adhered Ibid. pag. 956 B. to Maud the Empress against King Stephen; being with the Earl of Glocester, and divers other persons of note, atIbid. pag. 956 B. the siege of Winchester in 6. Steph. at which time their Army being utterly routedIbid pag▪ 957 A. by King Stephens Forces, most of the Nobles who then stood for the Empress, were takenIbid pag▪ 957 A. prisoners: But I do not find that this Earl Roger had much pre • udice thereby, in regardIbid. D. King Stephen, who had been taken prisoner before, in the Battle of Lincoln, was then set at liberty, upon condition, that the Earl of Glocester, taken then at Winchester, should also stand in the same state of Freedom; and likewise, the restIbid. D. of his party, as he and they were before that overthrow.

This Earl is reputedRot. Joh. Rous. to have been the Conqueror of Gowherland in Wales, which his Posterity, for a long time afterwards enjoyed, wherein he FoundedRot. Joh. Rous. a small Priory at 〈◊〉 , annexingRot. Joh. Rous. it as a Cell to the Monastery of S. Taurines in Normandy; and gave MS. in Bible Cotton ut supra. fol. 1. to the Abbey of Nerhe in 〈◊〉 , certain Lands and Fishing lying in tha • County, within his Territory of Gowherland. The Foundation of the Priory at Warwick▪ begun by his Father, he perfectedRot. Joh. Rous., and FoundedRot. Joh. Rous. the Collegiate Church of our Lady there; as also the HospitalRot. Joh. Rous. of S. Michael for Lepers, together with the HouseIbid. of Templers beyond the Bridge.

To divers Monasteries he was also a Benefactor. To the Canons of 〈◊〉 he gave Monast. Anglic. Vol 2. 312 a. n. 40. the Church of Norboro, with the Chappel of Huncote. To the Knights Templers xi s. yearly RentIbid. 532 a. n. 40., out of his Mill at • re • ham in Com. Rutl. As also fourIbid. 538 a • n. 10. Oxgangs of Land in that Lordship. To the Monks of Bruere in Com. Oxon he gaveCart. Antiq. R. n 1. his Lordship of 〈◊〉 and toRegist. de •• pwell in Bibl. Cotton. fol. 79 a the Monks of Pipwell in Com. Northampton, the Lordship of Causton in Com. Warr. To the Canons of Renilworth, he confirmed Regist. de 〈◊〉 . p. 18 & p 20. the Grants of the Lordships of 〈◊〉 and Newnham in Com. Warr. which were of his Fee; and farther bestowedIbid. p. 19. on them certain Lands in Warwick, with the ChurchesIbid. pag. 21, 22. of Brailes and Wellesburn, in the same County. To the Monks of P • eaux in Norman • y he gaveEx Autogr▪ penès. Lucy Eq. Aur. two Hides of Land in Walton in Com. Warr. To the Monks of Geroudon in Com. Leicest. he gaveCartular. W •• w. Com▪ penès Dudl. D. North. fol. 53. the Town of Badsley (Endsor) in Com. Warr. (which afterwards was rendred by them to William his Son and Successor.) To the Monks of Bordsley in Com. Wigorn. he confirmedEx Autogr. penès Clem. Throkmorton. Ar. the Grant of Suhanger, (id est, Sunger, near Claerdon) in Com. Warr. which William Gifford had given to them; and bestowedEx Autogr. in Offic. Ar. on them one Hide of Land in Oxshalve. To the Monks of Thorney in Com. Cantabr. he confirmedRegist. de Thorney, p 4. f. 2 a. the moity of the Mannor of Wenge, given to them by Robert de Montfort. To the Monks of Canwe •• in Com. Staff. he gaveEx Autogr. penès W • ll. Peshale Eq. Aur • three yard Land lying in Hull (id est, Hil • ) within his Lordship of Su • ton-Colefield in Com. Warr. And to the Nuns of Wrokeshale, he confirmedCart. 1 Ed. 3. n. 1. pet Inspex. the Church of Shukborow, with certain Lands in that Lordship; as alsoIbid. in Burton and Radford, given to them by several persons.

By which Concession, and by his frequent Rot. • Joh. Rous. Pilgrimages to the Holy Land, it appears, that he was a very devout and pious Man.

And having WeddedW. Gemet. lib. 8. cap. 41. Gundred, Daughter to William, Earl Warren (the Second) and Sister by the Mothers side, to Waleran, Earl of Mellent, he left issue by her three Sons, viz. W. Gemet. lib. 8. cap. 41. William, Waleran, and Henry, and one DaughterW. Gemet. lib. 8. cap. 41., called Agnes. Which William and Waleran were both of them successively Earl of Warwick. And Henry hadRot. Joh. Rous. Gowherland in Wales, by his Fathers gift; but by his death without issue, it came to William his elder Brother; and Agnes became the WifeCartular. Warw. Cam. fol. 54 a. of Geffrey de Clinton, Chamberlain to the King (Son to Geffrey, the Founder of • enilworth Castle and Priory;) which Geffrey hadIbid. in Frank-marriage with her, by the gift of her Father, Ten Knights Fees of those Seventeen that he held of his Fee; and for which▪ he was to do service in the Castle of Brandon. Moreover, this Geffrey had thereupon a Grant Ibid. of this County of Warwick, id est, the Sheriffalty thereof; for so it appeareth from sundry Testimonies, To hold to him and his heirs, of this Earl and his heirs, in such sort, as it was held by the King.

This Earl Roger diedRot. Joh. Rous. xii Iunii, An. 1153. (18 Steph.) In which year, Henry, Duke of Normandy, (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the Second) comingMat. Paris, pag. 86. n. 10. into England with a mighty power, had that great respect from Gundred, then Countess of Warwick, (Widow of the deceased Earl) that she outedMat. Paris, pag. 86. n. 10. King Stephens Soldiers, and deliveredMat. Paris, pag. 86. n. 10. Warwick Castle to him.

I now come to William, William. eldest Son and Successor to the last Earl; who in 12 Hen. 2. upon Lib. Rub. in Scacc. fub tit. Warw. the Assessment of the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. Rub. in Scacc. fub tit. Warw. the number of his Knights Fees, to be Cv and an half. This Earl William FoundedRot. Joh. Rous. two Hospitals; the one of S. Iohn, the other of S. Thomas (both in Warwick) builtIbid. a new Church for the Templers there, and bestowedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 545 b. n. 50. on them the Mannor of Shireburne, and certain Lands in Morton (both in the County of Warwick.) Moreover, he ratifiedRegist. de Cumba in Bibl. Cotton. fol. 39 a. to the Monks of Combe, one Hide of Land in Bilney, granted to them by Thurbert de Bilney, and confirmedRegist. de Pipwel. f. 79 a, b. to the Monks of Pipwell, what his Father had given them in Causton; for which respect, they received Regist. de Pipwel. f. 79 a, b. him into their Fraternity, as a Founder of that Abbey. To the Canons of Kenilworth, he ratifiedRegist. de Kenil. p. 34. the Churches of Loxley, Brailes, and Wellesburne; the one given to them by Robert Fitz-Odonis, and the other two by Earl Roger his Father. In consideration whereof, they allowed him the perpetual presentationIbid. of one Canon in their House.

This Earl William married two Wives; first Maud Plac. de Banco, T. Pasch. • 1 H. 3. Rot. 3. in dorso., the eldest of the two Daughters, and Coheirs of William Lord Percy, and Margaret Rot. Joh. Rous. D'Eivile, if Rous mistake not; but I am of opinion, that Maud was the later Wife: For I find, that, by a special CharterMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 842 b. n. 50., she gave the Church of Tadcaster, with the Chappel of Haselwood, to the Monks of. Salley in Com. Ebor. for the healthIbid. 843 a. n. 40 & 50. of her Soul, and the Soul of William, Earl of Warwick, her late Husband; as alsoIbid. 843 a. n. 40 & 50. for the Souls of William de Percy her Father, Adelidis de Tunebrigge her Mother, Alan de Percy her Brother, and Agnes her Sister. Moreover, that she bestowedRegist. de Salley in Bibl. De • ves. f. 2 a. on them on Carucate of Land in Ca •• hon, the place of her Birth. And in 31. Hen. 2. upon her Fathers death, gaveRot. Pip. 31 Hen. 2. Ebor. a fine to the King of Seven hundred marks, for Livery of those Lands of her Fathers, which by Inheritance belonged to her; as alsoRot. Pip. 31 Hen. 2. Ebor. that she might have an Assignation of her Dowry, and not be compelled to marry unto any, but whom she should like.

But by neither of these Wives had this last mentioned Earl William any issue; so that, departing Rot. Joh. Rous. R. Hoved. 355. n. 30. this life in the Holy Land, 15 Nov. An. 1184. (30 Hen. 2.) Waleran his Brother succeeded Ibid. him in this Earldom. Which Waleran Waleran. in 7 Rich. 1. giving twenty marks fineRot. Pip. 2 Rich. 1. Warw. to the King, had LiveryRot. Pip. 2 Rich. 1. Warw. of the Tertium Denarium de placitis Comitatus. And in 9 Rich. 1. stood charged with these following debts to the King, viz. Forty two pound four shillings and eight pence, for the ScutageRot Pip. 9 Rich. 1. Warw. levied upon the Kings Redemption; likewise in One hundred pound for License Rot Pip. 9 Rich. 1. Warw▪ to return into England; and in One hundred marks more, forRot Pip. 9 Rich. 1. Warw▪ leave to marry (Alice) the Daughter of Robert de Harecourt, Widow of Iohn de Limesie. He had also much ado a great part of his time, touching his inheritance; there startingRot. Joh. Rous. up one who feigned himself to he his Brother (Earl William) deceased in the Holy Land, which occasionedRot. Joh. Rous. him no little trouble and vexation; so that it is thought by someIbid., that the Grant which he made to Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, (then Chancellor of England) of the Advowson of all the Prebendaries belonging to the Collegiate Church in Warwick, to hold during his life, was to purchase his favor in that weighty business. As to his Works of Piety, all that I have seen is, That he gaveIbid. to the Hospital of S. Michael in Warwick, all the Tithe arising out of the Assarts of Wedgnock; and likewise of the Paunage and Venison. ToEx Autogr. penès Cokesey de P •• ley. the Nuns of Pinley, certain Lands in Curdeshale, within the Liberties of Claverdon; and to theInq. per H. No •• ingh. fol. 93 a. Nuns of Wrokeshale, one yard Land lying in Bailes.

This Earl had two Wives, viz. Margery the DaughterRot. Joh. Rous. of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, and Alice the DaughterRot. Joh. Rous. of Iohn de Harecourt, (WidowRegist. de Berlings in Bibl. Cotton. of Iohn de Limesie,) and departingPat. 6 Joh. m. 10. this life in 6 Ioh. left issue divers Children: Of which, Henry being the eldest, succe • ded him in this Earldom; Waleran had the Mannors of Gretham and Cotesmore in Com. Rotel. with certain Lands in Com. Wigorn. givenRot Joh. Rous. unto him by his Father, but diedRot. Joh. Rous. issueless; Alice his Daughter (by Alice his last Wife) became the WifePlac. de Banco T. Pa • ch. 11 H 1. Rot. 11. in dorso. of William Manduit of Hanslape in Com. Buck. having for her marriage Cartular. Warw. Com. f. 122 b. portion, the Mannor of Wauton, (since called Wauton-Manduit) in Com. Warr. but being married very young, continuedPlac. apud. Westm. O •• ab. Mick. 9 H. 3. Ro • . 9. in the custody of her Mother for some time after her Espousals; and Gundred his other Daughter, brought upEx Autog. 〈…〉 in the Abbey of Dinley, with Isabel his Neece; for whose education, he granted Ex Autog. 〈…〉 in his life time to the Nuns of that House, two marks of Silver yearly to be paid, by the hands of his Steward at Claverdon. At which time, forEx Autog. 〈…〉 the health of his own Sonl, and for the Souls of Margery his Wife, Roger his Father, Gundred his Mother, Earl William his Brother, and all his Ancestors, he gaveEx Autog. 〈…〉 to those Nuns of Pinley, the Redecimation of his Lordship of Walton, in pure Alms.

Which Alice (his second Wife) surviving him, in 6 Ioh. gaveRot Fin. 6 Joh. m. 7. a Thousand pound fine, and Ten Palfreys, that she might continue a Widow, so that she might not be compelled to marry; and that she might have the custody of those Children, which she had by this deceased Earl; as also Threescore pounds per annum Lands, which he gave her freely to dispose; and likewise,Rot Fin. 6 Joh. m. 7. her reasonable Dowry of his Lands and Fees. And the next ensuing year, gaveIbid. m • . three Palfreys more, that she might by a Jury of Twelve lawful Knights, have her Dowry admeasured out of those Lands and Fees. What was done therein I find not, but about two years after, by Agreement • in Levat. 9 Joh. with the Succeeding Earl Henry, she had • in Levat. 9 Joh. the Mannors of Tanworth and Claverdon in Com. Warr. and Chedworth in Com. Gloc. with the service of two Knights Fees; the one in Ladbroke, and the other in Lo • ley, assigned unto her.

I now come to Earl Henry, Henry. (the eldest Son, and Successor to Earl Waleran.) This Henry being inRot. • in. 7 Joh. m. 8. minority at his Fathers death▪ was committed Rot. • in. 7. Joh. m. 8. to the custody of Thomas Basset (of Hedendon near Oxford.) Which Thomas, in consideration Claus. 7 Joh m. • 5 & m. 11. of a fine paid to the King, in 7 Ioh. had a GrantClaus. 7 Joh m. • 5 & m. 11. of his Marriage, to the intent he might match his Daughter to him (as afterwards he did, though she was not his first Wife;) and accordingly had LiveryIbid. of his Lands, with the Castle of Warwick.

In 12 and 13 Ioh. upon InquisitionLib. Rub. 144 b. taken, as to the number of Knights Fees, held of the King in capite, by the great Men of this Realm; it was then certifiedLib. Rub. 144 b. that there were Fourscore and seventeen belonging to this Earl: For which, with the rest, (being all in number One hundred and two, and a third part) he paid Rot. Pip. 13 Joh Warw. Two hundred four marks eight shillings and ten pence, upon levying of that ScutageMat. Paris, p 230. n 40 & 50., for the Kings expedition into Wales. And in 15 Ioh. (arriving then to his full age) had Livery Claus 15 Joh. m. 6. of the Tertium Denarium de Comitatu Warwici, as his Ancestors heretofore had. In 16 Ioh. contributing Rot. Pip. 16 Joh. Warw. Forty two marks towards the Kings Wars in Poictou, he was exemptedRot. Pip. 16 Joh. Warw. from the Scutage then levied for that service. And having been LoyalRegist. de Barnwell penes. ... Haggard gen. to King Iohn in the time of his great troubles with the Barons, obtained the Kings special PreceptPat. 18 Joh. m 7. unto Hugh de Nevil, unto whom the custody of Warwick Castle had been committed, during those distractions, to deliver it up to him and Thomas Basset; as also to make LiveryClaus. 18 Joh. p. 1 m. 6. unto him of all the Lands of those Rebels which held of his Fee, to retain during pleasure.

Nor was he less faithful to King Henry the Third; for y at the siege of Mon •• orrel Castle in the first of His Reign, he joynedH. Knighton, 〈◊〉 23. n. 2 • & 30. with the Earls of Chester and Albemarle, as also in H. Knighton, 〈◊〉 . 23. n. 2 • & 30. the Battle of Lincoln, the same year, where the Rebellious Barons were totally overthrown. So likewise in 5 Hen. 3. For whenClaus. 5 H. 3. in • o • so. William de Fortz, Earl of Albemarle, had rebelliously fortified his Castle at Bi • ham in Com. Linc. he attendedClaus. 5 H. 3. in • o • so. the King in person to the siege thereof, having ScutageClaus. 5 H. 3. in • o • so. from all his Tenants by Military Service, for the support of his charge in that expedition. And in 9 Hen. 3. paidRot. Pip. 9 H 3. Warw. Forty nine pound two shillings five pence upon Levying of the Scutage of Montgomery. Nevertheless, whenMat Paris, pag. 337. n. 40. divers of the great Men, in 11 Hen. 3. put themselves in Arms, on the behalf of Richard, Earl of Cornwal, the Kings Brother, he adheredMat Paris, pag. 337. n. 40. to them; but that business was soon composed, and in 13 Hen. 3. obtained the Kings LettersPat. 13 H. 3. m. 1 • . deprecatory to all his Tenants, who held of him by Military service, for Aid towards the expences he was like to be at, in a voyage into Gascoigne, and to discharge some debt, then due by him to the King.

During the minority of this Earl Henry, it wasPlac. de Banco 6 Edw. 1. Suss., That King Iohn (scil. in the Fourth of His Reign) gave the Seignory of Gowher in Wales (of his Inheritance) unto William de Braose; concerning which, the succeeding Earls of Warwick had great Sutes, as in due place I shall shew.

He had two Wives, viz. Margery, Rot. J h. Rou • • ic. 47 H. 3. n 27., the eldest of the two Daughters of Henry D'Oily of Hoke-Norton in Com. Oxon, SisterRot. J h. Rou • Esc. 47 H. 3. n 27. of Henry, who died without issue, by which means part of D'Oilies Inheritance came to this Family: His other Wife was Philippa Rot. Fin. 4 H. 3 m 5., one of the three Daughters and Heirs to Thomas Basset of Hedenoon before mentioned, and departed this life ... in 13 Hen. 3. Whereupon Philippa his Widow, gaveRot Fin. 13 H. 3 m. 1. One hundred marks to the King, that she might not be compelled to marry again, but to take to Husband, whom she should like best, in case he were a Loyal Subject. Whereupon, the same year she weddedClaus. 14 H. 3. m. 23. her self to Richard Siward, a turbulent spirited person, but of a MilitaryMat. Paris, p. 387. l. 29. disposition from his youth: For in 17 Hen. 3. he tookIbid. p. 443. n. 10. part with divers great Earls and Barons, in their Rebellion begun about that time; which was not well quieted till 22 Hen. 3. But from this Richard she was afterwards divorcedClaus. 26 H. 3. p 2. in dorso, m. 4..

And afterwards, in her pure Widowhood, gaveEx Auto • r. Offic Armorum. to the Canons of Berencester, (id est, Bisseter) in Com. Buck. Seven shillings yearly Rent, issuing out of certain Lands in Studley in Com. Warr. to find one Lamp continually burning before the Altar of S. Iohn Baptist, in the Conventual Church of Berencester, for the health of her Soul, and all her Ancestors and Childrens Souls, and lieth buriedRot. Joh. Rous. in the Monastery there of her Fathers Foundation.

The issue which this last mentioned Earl Henry had, was only one Son, viz. Thomas Thomas. Ibid., and one Daughter called Margery Ibid.; both by his first Wife. Which Thomas was of full age at his Fathers death; for the same year payingClaus. 13. H. 3. m. 2. One hundred pound for his relief, he had LiveryClaus. 13 H. 3. m. 2. of his Lands. And in 17 Hen. 3. (four years after) inheritedRot. Fin. 17 H. 3. m. 10. D'Oilies Lands in Oxfordshire, by the death of Henry D'Oily his UncleRot. Fin. 17 H. 3. m. 10. without issue. Of which, paying One hundred pound for his releifIbid., and two Palfreys, and doingIbid. his homage, he then had LiveryIbid.; and at Whitsontide following (the King thenMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. Cant.) K. 84. fol. 50 a. keeping that Festival at Glocester) was girtMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. Cant.) K. 84. fol. 50 a. with the Sword of Knighthood, withMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. Cant.) K. 84. fol. 50 a. Roger Bigot (Earl of Norfolk) and Hugh de Vere (Earl of Oxford.) Nay, I make a question, whether he had full Seism of this Earldom of Warwick till then, though he had Livery of his Lands four years before; for the Kings PreceptClaus. 17 H. 3. m. 9. to the Sheriffs of this County (bearing date at Tewksbury, 24 May, the same year) saith thus. Rex ci • xit Thomam de Warewic • ingulo Cemitatus Warewic; & mandatum est Vicecomiti Warwici; quod eidem. Comiti habere faciat de praedicto Comitatu, id quod habere debet nomine Comitis Warwici, & de quo praedecessores sui Comites Warwici, • eisiti fuerunt, tanquam ad eos pertinente, nomine Comitatus Warwici. And, that this was the meaning of that Writ, viz. That he should thereby be invested into this Earldom, may seem by what the HistorianMS. Oxon, ut supra. addeth to that mention of his being Knighted with Roger Bigot and Hugh Vere, scil. Willielmus Longespe accingitur gladio Militari, sed non fit Comes Sarum, which was at that very time.

In 25 Hen. 3. this Earl Thomas gaveRot. Pip. 25 H. 3. Warr. Clxxx marks fine to the King, to the end he might be exempted from attendance upon him in his expedition into Gascoigne; which sum was over and above his Scutage thereupon due. For discharge Rot. Fin. 26 H. 3. m. 2. whereof, and that he mightRot. Fin. 26 H. 3. m. 2. levy the like upon his Tenants, he paid the year following Cxx l. more. But farther than this I cannot say of him, other than that he marriedRot. Joh. Rous. M. Westm. in eod. A • . Ela Daughter to William Longespe, Earl of Salisbury (Natural Son to King Henry the Second) As also, that he departedRot. Joh. Rous. M. Westm. in eod. A • . this life without issue 26 Iune, An. 1242. (26 Hen. 3.) and was buried Rot. Joh. Rous. M. Westm. in eod. A • . at Warwick. Moreover, that uponRot Joh. Rous. the new Building of the Quire of the Collegiate Church there in King Edward the Thirds time, his Monument, with divers other of his Ancestors, were removedRot Joh. Rous., and neverRot Joh. Rous. set up again.

Which Ela surviving him, had, by the Kings PreceptClaus. 26 H. 3. p. 2. m. 7. bearing date 29 Iuly next ensuing, the Mannors of Tanworth, Claverdon, and Sutton, (all in Com. Warr.) as also Hoke-Norton and Bradam in Com. Oxon. with all the Corn and Hay then being upon them assigned for her Dowry. And, by vertue of another MandateClaus. Vas • . 27 H. 3. m. 〈◊〉 . from the King, to the Archbishop of York, and William de Cantilupe, obtained an augmentation thereto: For it appears, that besides all these, she was possessedClaus. 36 H 3. m. 27. of the Mannors of Hatherop and Chedworth in Com. Gloc. And hadClaus. 36 H 3. m. 27. of the Kings gift also (for her better support) the Mannor of Dimmock, in the same County, during her Widowhood: Which Mannor afterwards, upon her marriage Pat. 41 H. 3. m. 17. with Philip Basset, was, at the requestPat. 41. H. 3. m. 17. of Richard, Earl of Cornwal, (the Kings Brother) grantedPat. 41. H. 3. m. 17. to her, to hold during her life.

This Ela was a BenefactressRot. Joh. Rous. to the Monks of Reading, to the Canons of Oseney, to the Nuns of Godstow, and to the Canons of S. Sepulchers in Warwick; to which last, she gave Ex Autogr. penès Will. Spenser Eq. Aur. all her Lands in Claverdon, formerly granted unto her by Sir Henry de Lodbroke Knight, and others. And was so great a Friend to the University of Oxford that she causedRot. Joh. Rous. a common Chest to be made, and did putRot. Joh. Rous. into it Two hundred and twenty marks; out of which, such as were poor Schollars, might, upon securityRot. Joh. Rous. at any time, borrow something gratis, for supply of their wants; in consideration whereof, the University were obligedI • id. to celebrate certain Masses, every year in S. Maries Church. Which Chest wasI • id. in being in King Edward the Fourths time, and calledI • id. by the name of Warwick Chest. And to the Gray-Fryers in London, she gave MS. in Bibl. Cotton sub Effig 〈◊〉 f. 12. a parcel of Land, with the Buildings thereon, for the enlargement of their House.

In 17 Edw. 1. she releasedCartular. Warr. Com f. 97 a. to William de Beauchamp, then Earl of Warwick, all her Right in the Mannor of Tanworth in Com. Warr. which she held in Dower: And departingLel. Coll. Vol. 2. p. 286. this life very aged, viz: in An. 1300. (28 Edw. 1.) was buriedRo • . Joh. Rous. before the High Altar in the Abby-Church of Oseney, at the headLel I • in. Vol. 2. f. 19. of the Tomb of Henry de Oilly, under a flat Marble, in the habitLel I • in. Vol. 2. f. 19. of a Vowess, graven on a Copper Plate.

This Thomas dying thus without issue, the Inheritance of this great Earldom, came to Margery his Sister, who first became the Wife of Iohn Mareschal (Brother to William Mareschal, Earl of • embroke, as some say) and afterwards of Iohn de Plessets; of whom, in due place I shall speak farther.

Earls of Warren and Surrey.

THough it doth not directly appear, that this Earldom of Surrey was conferred upon William de Warren, William 1. untilOrd. Vit. 5 • 2 C. the time of King William Rufus, yet in regard it is manifest Ex ipso A • togr. in Bibl. Cotton. that he was Earl of Warren in Normandy, in the Conquerors days. I shall take the boldness to rank him amongst the Earls of His Reign, and so begin my Discourse of these Titles with him.

This William standing nearly Allied to Duke William of Normandy, (viz. NephewW Gemer 313 A. to the Countess Gunnora his Great Grand-mother) accompanied Ib • d. 203 a. Ord. Vit. 493 B. 501 C. him (amongst many other gallant Men of that age, Normans, French, Britons, Anjovins, and Flemmings,) (in that his Signal Expedition for England, in An. 1066. and fought Ib • d. 203 a. Ord. Vit. 493 B. 501 C. courageously on his behalf in that notable Battle against King Harold, wherein the Duke became Victor, and thenceforth King. For which he hadEx Ver. MS. ad Shernebruniorum familiam olim spectante, penès H. Spelm. Eq. Aut. di • ers Lordships and Lands in Norfolk, and other parts of this Realm, conferred upon him; and amongst them Carletune Domesd. Linc. and Benington Domesd. Linc. in Com. Linc.

After this, viz. in An. 1067. when Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, and William Fitz-Osborne, had the whole Government of the Realm (the King then going into Normandy) committed Ord. Vit. 5 • 6 C. to their charge; he, with Hugh de Grentmesnil, and some other active Soldiers, was sentOrd. Vit. 5 • 6 C. to accompany them and yield his assistance.

Nay, he was in such great esteem with that King, that he constitutedIbid. 535 A, B. him, together with Richard de Benefactis (an eminent Baron of that time) his Substitutes for the universal Administration of Justice throughout the whole Realm: Whereupon, having calledIbid. 535 A, B. before them divers eminent disturbers of the Publick Peace, who, refusing to come, putIbid. 535 A, B. themselves in Arms; they laid aside the Gown, and took up the Sword; wherewith, meeting with those bold Rebels at a place called Fagadune, they valiantly foughtIbid. 535 A, B., and happily vanquishedIbid. 535 A, B. them; and for terror to others, cutIbid. 535 A, B. off the right Foot of all they took alive. These were those Conspirators, whereof Raphe de Guader, Earl of Norfolk, and Roger, Earl of Hereford, were the Ringleaders (of which, I have already spoke more largely under the title of Norfolk and Hereford.)

And after this, when King William discerned that Roger de Mortimer (his General) upon a Victory obtained against the French, had privily sheltredIbid. 65 • . A. Earl Raphe de Monte-Desiderio, one of his Enemies, and then sufferedIbid. 65 • . A. him to get away; for the faithful service of this Earl Warren, he gaveIbid. 658. A. him the Castle of Mortimer, which was the cheif Seat of that Roger.

Upon that great Rebellion of Odo, An. 1087. Bishop of Bayeux, on the behalf of Robert Curthose, this Earl William stoutly assistedIbid. 667 C the King, both by his Counsels and Actions.

And was likewise in such favor with King William Rufus; that, so soonIbid. 680 C, D. as by the great Council of the Peers, which he caused to meet at Winchester, he was setled in his Dominion, he conferredIbid. 680 C, D. upon him this Earldom of Surrey.

This first Earl William, was he, whoMonast. with the Lady Gundred his Wife, going on Pilgrimage to Rome, and in their passage visitingAnglic. Vol. 1. 615. n. 20 • 30, &c. divers Monasteries to make their Orizons, had reception Anglic. Vol. 1. 615. n. 20 • 30, &c. with such great respect at Cluni in Burgundy, by the then Prior and Covent of that House (though the venerable Abbot Hugh was then absent) that they were admittedAnglic. Vol. 1. 615. n. 20 • 30, &c. into the Fraternity of those devout Monks; which special favor, wonAnglic. Vol. 1. 615. n. 20 • 30, &c. the love of this Noble Earl to that Abbey above all other.

And, because, long before that time, and then much more, they, the said Earl and his Lady, had determinedIbid. (by the advice of Lanfrank, then Archbishop of Canterbury) to found some Religious House for the welfare of their Souls; they forthwith resolvedIbid., that it should be rather of the Cluniac Order than any other; and therefore earnestly requestedIbid. the Abbot and Covent, that they might obtain three or four of their Monks, unto whom they would giveIbid. that Church, antiently dedicated to S. Pancrace, standingIbid. under his Castle of Lewes in Sussex, (which was rebuilt of Stone, it being of Wood before) signifying their purposeIbid., at the first to endow it, with Lands and Possessions, for the maintenance of no less than twelve Monks. Unto which request, though the Abbot didIbid. not readily incline, considering how far distant that place was from • lum, besides the interposition of the Sea which made the recourse betwixt them the more hazardous; yet, after he understoodIbid. that this Earl had obtained License from King William, to introduce Monks of their Order into England, Mat. Westm. An. 1078. he was then better satisfied, and sentIbid. four of his Covent (Lanzo being cheif.) Whereupon this pious Earl did immediately by his Charter, Grant, and ConfirmIbid., what he had before so designed and promised.

Likewise he gaveIbid. 616▪ b. thereunto the Church of Acre in Norfolk, Castle-Aere in Norfolk. with two Carucates of Land; resolvingIbid. 616▪ b. there to found another Monastery, and make it subordinate to this of Lewes: But, in case of failing so to do, that thenIbid. 616▪ b. his Heir should perfit the Work; purposingIbid. moreover, that the Bodies of himself and his Lady, should have Sepulture in that Church of S. Pancrace, and also to increase the number of the Monks.

And afterwards living to accomplish his intended Foundation of that Priory at Acre, he gaveMat. West. An. 1090. Mon. An • Vol 1. 624 b, • , 20, the Churches of Methwould, Roinges, otherwise called Leden Church, Wikemer, Trunchet, and two parts of his Tithes in Grimestune thereto.

Furthermore, to those Lands in Sussex, wherewith he at first endowed that Priory of Lewes, he addedIbid 617 b. n. 50. these Churches in Yorkshire, viz. Cuningsburgh, Hertille, Fislac; Hatfield, with the Chappel of Torne; the Church of Little Sandall, with the Chappel of Harnoldesthorp; the Church of Wakefield, with the Chappel of Horbiry; the Church of Hallifax; the Church of Dewsbury, with the Chappel of Herteveshed; the Church of Burton, and the Church of Great Sandall.

To the Monks of S. Maries in York, he gaveMona • t. Anglic. Vol. 1. 389 a n. 60. the Isle of • enes. And toIbid 5 • 3 b. n. 10 & 20. the Monks of Boxgrave in Sussex, part of his Wood called Bessesole, all his Lordship of Winkings; and in recompence for those Tithes in Stotitune, which were granted for to find one Monk to celebrate Divine Service there continually for all the Faithful deceased, he gave Forty Acres of Land and one Messuage; as also Common of Pasture for One hundred and fifty Sheep, Ten Oxen, Two Horses, and Twenty Hogs.

And survivingIbid. 616 b. n. 50. his said Lady Gundred, (whose Corps was buried there) he moreover gaveIbid. 616 b. n. 50. for the health of her Soul, his own Soul, and the Souls of his Posterity, his Mannor of Hecham in Norfolk, commanding, That his Heirs should confirm the same: As alsoMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 909 a. n. 40. the Lordship of Waltune.

Which Lady Gundred was SisterOrd. Vit. 522 A, C. of Gherbode, a Fleming, to whom, King William the First, had givenOrd. Vit. 522 A, C. the City and Earldom of Chester.

The issue which this great Earl left by her, were two Sons, William Ibid. 680 D. his Successor in these Honors; and Raynald Ibid. 680 D., who adhering to Robert Curthose in An. 1104. (being oneIbid. 8 • 5 A. of the Principal who broke the League of Peace, made betwixt him and King Henry the First) was taken prisoner at Dive, upon winning of the Fort there in An. 1106.

And two Daughters, Edith firstW. Gemet. 296 C. married to Girard de Gornay, and afterwards toW. Gemet. 296 C. Drew de Mon •• ux; and ... the WifeOrd. Vit. 574 C. of Ernise de Colungis.

His death hapnedIbid. 680 C, D. in the year 1089.Ibid. 680 C, D. 8 Kal. Iulii. (1 Will. Rufi.) After which, his Body being honorably Interred in the Chapter House at Lewes, this Epitaph was engravenRegist. de Lewes, 1 • 2 b. upon a white Stone laid over it. Hic Guillelme Comes, locus est laudis tibi fomes, Hujus fundator, & largus sedis amator. Iste tuum funus decorat, placuit quia munus Pauperibus Christi, quod prompt • mente dedisti. Ille tuos cineres servat Pancratius haeres, Sanctorum Castris, qui te sociabit in astris. Optime Pancrati, fer opem te glorificanti; Daque poli sedem, talem tibi qui dedit aedem. •

But the Lady Gundred his Wife diedRegist. de Lewes in Bibl. Seld. An. 1650. in Childbed 6 Kal. Iunii, An. 1085. (about three years before him) and lieth buriedRegist. de Lewes in Bibl. Seld. An. 1650. in the Chapter House at Lewes.

It is reportedEx Registro 〈◊〉 . E • ien in Bibl Bodl., that this Earl William did violently detain certain Lands from the Monks of Ely; for which, being often admonished by the Abbot, and not making restitution, he died miserably: And, though his death hapned very far off the Isle of Ely, the same night he died, the Abbot lying quietly in his Bed, and meditating on Heavenly things, heard the Soul of the Earl, in its carriage away by the Devil, cry out loudly, and with a known and distinct voice, Lord have mercy on me: Lord have mercy on me. And moreover, that the next day after, the Abbot acquainted all the Monks in Chapter therewith: And likewise, that about four days after, there came a Messenger to them from the Wife of this Earl, with One hundred shillings for the good of his Soul, who told them, That he died the very hour as the Abbot heard that out-cry: But that neither the Abbot, nor any of the Monks, would receive it; not thinking it safe for them, for to take the Money of a damned person.

If the first part of this Story, as the Abbots hearing that noise, be no truer than the last, viz. That his Lady sent them One hundred shillings, I shall deem it to be a meer fiction, in regard the Lady was certainly dead about three years before.

¶The Lands whereof this Earl was possessed, were of a very large extent; for it appears by the Conquerors Survey Domesd,, that he had in Yorkshire that great Lordship of Coningsburgh, within the Soke whereof, were Twenty eight Towns and Hamlets; Westune in Shropshire; in Essex, One and twenty Lordships; in Suffo • k Eighteen; in Oxfordshire, Maplederham, and Gadintone; in Hantshire, Frodintone; in Cambridgshire, Seven Lordships; in Buckinghamshire, Brotone, and Caurefelle; in Huntendonshire, Chenebaltone, with three other Lordships; in Bedfordshire, Four; and in Norfo • k, One hundred thirty nine Lordships.

¶Of William, William 〈◊〉 Earl Warren and Surrey, the second of that name;An. 1090. the first mention I find, is, That in those Military encounters which were between Hugh de Grentmes • ill, and Robert de Belesme, he was one of them that cameOrd. Vit. 692 A, B. to make proof of his valor.

But in the year 1101. he tookIbid. 785 D▪ & 786 A. part with that wicked Robert de Belesme (Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury) in his Rebellious attempts, on the behalf of Robert Curthose against King Henry the First: Likewise, when Curthose landed in England, that he refusedIbid. 787 • . to assist the King against him, except he would condescend to the unjust demands of himself, and some others: Wherefore being disheritedIbid. 78 • D. for these his disloyal practises, he returnedIbid. 78 • D. into Normandy with Curthose.

The next year following, scil. An. 1102. (2 Hen. 1.) there being a PeaceIbid. 804 • & C. concluded betwixt King Henry, and his Brother Curthose, this Earl made his application to Curthose then in Normandy, and representedIbid. to him the great loss he had sustained for his adhering to him, having had his Earldom of Surrey seised Ibid. upon by reason thereof, which yielded him (as he then affirmedIbid.) a Thousand pounds per annum; importuningIbid. him, that he would be instrumental to King Henry his Brother, for the restitution thereof, and accordingly obtainedIbid. 80 • A. it. After which time, continuing faithfulIbid. 80 • A. to the King, and in favorIbid. 80 • A. as much as any, he commanded Ibid. 82 • A. the Rear of his Army in that signal Battle at Tenerchebray, An. 1106. where Curthose was takenIbid. 82 • A. prisoner, and all his power utterly vanquished: For which, and other his good services, and to cherish his fidelity, the King gaveIbid. 837 • . him the Castle of Helias de Sancto Sidonio. An. 1108.

And standingIbid. 85 • A. firmly to the King in all Fortunes, when others disswadedIbid. 853 D. him from adventuring the hazard of a Battle with King Lewes of France at Brennev • lle; it was he that principally encouragedIbid. pag. 854 A. him therein, and approved Ibid. pag. 854 A. himself both a skilful and stout Soldier in that days fight, wherein King Henry obtained Ibid. C. a glorious Victory.

As for his Works of Piety, the Foundation of the Priory of Acre (commonly called Castle-Acre) in Norfolk, begun by his Father, and which he perfectedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 624 b. n. 40 & 50, &c. Et p. 625 a, b. & 626 a., was not the least, considering his large DonationMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 624 b. n. 40 & 50, &c. Et p. 625 a, b. & 626 a. of Lands and Tithes thereto; and confirmingMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 624 b. n. 40 & 50, &c. Et p. 625 a, b. & 626 a. the Grants which his Barons and Knights had respectively madeMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 624 b. n. 40 & 50, &c. Et p. 625 a, b. & 626 a. unto the same.

To the Abbey of Roche in Yorkshire, he gaveIbid. 837. n. 40. the Tithe of all the Eels throughout his several Fish-works in Hatfield, Thorne, and Fislake, in the same County, excepting what belonged to the Monks of Lewes, by his Fathers Grant.

To those Monks of Lewes, he gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 909 a. n. 30. the Lordship of • ercheham, according to the defire Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 909 a. n. 30. of his Father when he died, viz. That he should give them one of his best Mannors in the North; and likewiseMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 909 a. n. 30., all the Land which William de Cuilli held of him.

To the Abbey of Grestine in Normandy, he grantedIbid. 982 b. n. 50. those Liberties of Lestage, Pont • ge, and Passage, in their Mannor of Saford.

And lastly, He joyned with Isabel alias Elizabeth his Wife, in that giftIbid. 1012 a. • 30. to the Infirm Brethren at Belencumbris, of all his Errable Lands in S. Martins; as also of One hundred shillings yearly Rent of her Inheritance at Wellebof in France; and likewise One hundred shillings issuing out of his Borough of Lewes in Sussex.

And being oneOrd. Vit: 901 C. of those five Earls, who was present with King Henry the First, at the Castle of Lions in France, when he died; he afterwards attendedOrd. Vit: 901 C. the Corps of that King unto the Abbey of Reading in England, An. 1135. where it had an honorable Sepulture.

But within the compass of the same year, he himself departedW. Gemet. 314 • . this life, and was buriedRegist. de Lewes, 132 b. in the Chapter-House at Lewes, at the Feet of his Father.

This Earl William the second, had to Wife W. Gemet. ibid. Elizabeth, Daughter to Hugh the Great, Earl of • ermandois, WidowW. Gemet. ibid. unto Robert, Earl of Mellent; by whom he left issue three Sons, William, Ibid C. his Son and Successor,Regist. de. Lewes. Reginald, and Raphe, and two Daughters, viz. Gundred, Wife to Roger, Earl of Warwick; and Adeline of Ord. Vit. 9 •• B. Henry, Son to David, King of Scots.

Of this William, An. 1137. William 3. that which I findIbid. 909 D. & 9 • 0 A. most memorable, is, First, that when King Stephen had raised a considerable Army, with great desire to give Battle unto Geffrey of Anjou (Husband to Maud the Empress) from which, his cheif Nobles disswaded him, by reason that there hapned a great mutiny in his Army, so that many fled from their colours. The King, in much wrath, hasting after them, overtook this young Earl with Hugh de Gornay, and some other vain persons, at Pont-Audomare, and endeavored partly by threats, and partly fair perswasions to qualifie them; but not prevailing, was constrained to make truce with his Adversaries for two years.

Next,An. 114 •• 6 Step •• that in that fatal Battle 〈…〉 at Lincoln, which was between King Stephen, and those, then potent Noblemen, who stoutly adhered to Maud the Empress, (whereof I have spoke more largely under the Title of Chester.) this Earl, with Waleran, Earl of Mellent, (his Brother by the Mother) then on the Kings part, discerning 〈…〉 that some of the chief persons on the same side, had privately sent Troops of Soldiers to the adverse party; and that the Van of the Kings Army (wherein they themselves were) began to shrink, fled 〈…〉 ; whereupon, the whole Army being routed, the King was taken prisoner.

The last account I can give of him,An. 1145. is his preparation Chro. Norm. 982 C. for that great expedition to Ierusalem, with Conrade the Emperor, Lewes, King of France, and many other brave Men, English, French, Normans, and other, against the Pagans; An. 1148. whereunto they were principally incited by the venerable Bernard, Abbot of Clerevaulx, and consequently his deathIbid. 994 A. • . Dunel. 275. n. 60., being intercepted by those Infidels.

This Earl took to WifeW. Gemet. 311 C. Ord. Vit. 100 • • . Ala ...Regist. de Lewe • . the Daughter of William Talvace (Son to Robert de Belesme, sometime Earl of Shrewsbury) by whom he left issueChro. Norm. 994 A one only Daughter named Isabel Regist. de Lewe. ... first married unto William, Natural Son to King Stephen, and afterwards toChro. Norm. 999 C. Hameline Plantagenet, Natural Son to Geffrey, Earl of Anjou. Which Ala diedRegist. de Lewes. the Fourth of December, An. 1174.

¶This William beingChro. Nor. 993A. Earl of Moreton in Normandy, becameChro. Nor. 993 A. also Earl of this County of Surrey, here in England, in Right of his Wife, havingJo • val. col. 10 • 8. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. by the Grant of Henry, Duke of Normandy, upon the Accord made betwixt him and King Stephen, all those Lands which Stephen held before he was King of England, as well in England as in Normandy, or elswhere; as also whatsoever he had, either in England or Normandy, with the said Isabel his Wife, Daughter to the Earl Warren; and in particular, the Castles of Belencumbre and Mortimer in Normandy; on this condition, that Reginald de Warren (Son to William de Warren the second) should, if he thought fit, have the custody of those Castles, giving Hostages to the Duke for the same. And for those Castles which belonged to his Earldom of Moreton, the Duke to give him possession of them, when King Stephen should give security for their safe custody. All which Hostages to be delivered up to this Earl, when Duke Henry should enjoy the Kingdom of England.

Moreover, upon that accord above mentioned, he had grantedIbid. unto him by the King (his Father) and approbation of Duke Henry, the Castle and Town of Norwich, with Seven hundred pounds Lands per annum (the Rent of Norwich computed;) and likewise the whole County of Norfolk, excepting what belonged to the Churches, Religious Houses, and other Earls, and especially excepting the Tertium Denarium, by reason whereof, Hugh Big • t was Earl. And furthermore, for the better strengthning of King Stephens favor and love to him, the Duke then granted to him all the Honor of Pevenesel which belonged to Richer de Aquil • , and likewise the Castle and Town of Pevenesel, with the Service of Faramus (de Bolonia) excepting the Castle and Town of Dover.

This William stiled himself Earl of Bolein, Warren, and Moreton, as that CharterMonast. An. glic. Vol. 1. 358 b. n. 10. of his manifesteth, whereby he confirmed to the Monks of Eye in Suffolk, the Lordships of Acolt and Stoke, which had been given to them by his Ancestors.

Being made a KnightIbid. 994 A. by King Stephen (his Father) at Carlisle, in An. 1157.An. 1157. he went Ibid. 9 • 9 D. An. 1160. with King Henry the Second,3. Hen. 2. in that notable expedition to Tholouse, in An. 1160. (the third year of His Reign,) but diedIbid. 9 • 9 D. An. 1160. in October, upon his return, without issue: Whereupon King Henry retainedIbid. 9 • 9 D. An. 1160. these Earldoms for a while in his own hands;An. 1163. 9 Hen. 2. but in An. 1163. Hameline, • ame •• ne. a Natural Son to Geffrey, Earl of Anjou, taking i the said Isabel to Wife (as hath been already observed) enjoyed her Honors;Ibid. 999 D. and in 12 H. 2. upon the Aid for Marrying of the Kings Daughter, was certifiedCod. Niger. in 〈◊〉 . • ol. 14 • . to hold Threescore Knights Fees.

This Hameline, as a Witness to that Charter made unto Hugh Pusac, Bishop of Ducham, by King Richard the First, (bearing date 18 Sept. in the first year of His Reign) stilesR. Hoved. 375. n. 40. himself Comes de Warren, and wasRot. Pip. 1 R. 1. • ss • x & Hertf. in Normandy the same year with that King in his Army: And with Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury, Richard, Bishop of London, William, Earl of Arunde • , and the Major of London, had the custodyR. Hoved. 414 a of that vast sum of Money (viz. Seventy thousand marks of Silver) collected for the ransome of King Richard, An. 1193. 4 Rich. 1. (detained prisoner by Henry the Emperor, as our Historians declare) then deposited.

After this,An. 1194. it appearsIbid. 419 a. n. 30. that he was present in that great Council held at Nottingham, in the sixth of the said Kings Reign; and that he bore Ibid. 410 a. one of the Three Swords at the second Coronation of King Richard.

Moreover, he hadEx Cod. Nigro in Seace. penès Remembr. Reg. f. 88 a. by the Grant of King Richard, the Town of Theoford (in Norfolk) in exchange for his Lands in • orone (in France,) viz. Co • um • ers, Balan, and Chamberi.

And in 6 Rich. 1. wasRot. Pip. 6 R 1. Essex & Hertf • in person with that King in his Army in Normandy: But more I cannot say of him, than that he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol 1. 406 a. n. 17. Thirty Bremes, to be delivered yearly unto the Monks of S. Maries Abbey at York, by his Bailiff of Santoffe in that County, at the Feasts of the Annuntiation, Assumption, and Nativity of our Lady, by equal portions for ever; and that he diedPat. 3. Joh. m 1. Regist. de Lewes, fol. 13 • a. in the third year of King Iohn, leaving issue William his Son and Successor.

Nor of Isabel his Countess, than that she died Regist, de Lewes, fol. 134 b. the third Ides of Iuly, in An. 1199. (1 Ioh.) in her Husbands life time, and lieth buriedRegist. de Lewes, fol. 134 b. in the Chapter House at Lewes.

This Earl William in 4 Ioh. William 5. had LiveryRot. Norm. 4 Joh. m. 11. of all the Lands which belonged to the Earl of Bolem, lying in Insulâ Bonâ in Normandy.

In 6 Ioh. he hadPat. 6 Joh. m. 4. the Castle and Honor of Eye in Suffolk committed to his charge; as also a GrantClaus. 6 Joh. m 4. Pat. 6 Joh. m. 2. of the Mannors of Graham (id est, Grantham) and Stanford in Lincolnshire, to hold until he should recover his Lands in Normandy; or until the King should make him an equivalent exchange for them: Which was done at length by confirmingClaus 5 H. 3. m. 2. those Lordships unto him in lieu of them.

In 9 Ioh. heRot. • in. 9 Joh m. 9. gave Three thousand marks for the custody of the Lands of Gilbert de Aquil • , to the use of his Sister, WifeTesta de Nevil S • r. of the same Gilbert.

This William heldTesta de Nevil S • r. Rygate in Surrey of the King by Barony, by descent from his Ancestors since the Conquest.

In An. 1213 (14 Ioh.) he wasMatth. Pa •• s, in An. 1213. p. 235. n. 20. one of those four great Earls, who obliged themselves by Oath, that King Iohn should perform whatsoever the Pope did determine for satisfaction to those particulars, touching which, the King was excommunicate. And in the same year, wasIbid. p. 237. n. 10. one of the Witnesses to that Instrument signed by the King 15 May, whereby he resigned this Realm and Crown of England to the Pope, and atIbid. n. 2 • . his doing homage thereupon.

In the same year also, having satisfiedPat. 14 Joh. m. 4. the King, that he was innocent of that Conspiracy, wherewith he then stood much suspected (and whereinMatth. Paris, in An. 1212. Eustace de Vesci and Robert Fitz-Walter were the cheif) he had, amongst others the custodyPat. 14 Joh. ut supra. of the Castles of Bamburg and Newcastle upon Tine, with the whole Bailiwick of Northumberland committed to his trust.

In 16 Ioh. he was joynedPat. 16 Joh. m. 7. with the Archbishop of Canterbury, and others in Commission, to give safe conduct unto all such persons as should repair to London in the term of the Epiphany, after the relaxation of the Interdict, to implore the Kings favor for their offences; and thence to come to his Court at Northampton, and afterwards back to their own homes.

And the next year following was joyned in CommissionPat. 17 Jo • m. 11. with P. Bishop of Winchester, William, Earl of Arundel, and Hubart de Burgo, Justice of England, to treat with R. Earl of Clare, and some other of the Rebellious Barons, for a peaceable composure betwixt the King and them; which Treaty was to be in the Church of Erehey, i. e. Erith.

In 17 Ioh. the King grantedClaus 17 Joh. m. • 1. to him the Mannor of Offinton in Lincolnshire, (part of the Possessions of William de Albini of Belvoir, then in Arms) for the better supportClaus. 17 Joh. m. • 1. of his Castle at Stanford. But afterwards he fell off, and adheredMatth. Pa • is, 255. n. 20. to the Rebellious Barons. Howbeit, when the King met them at Runnimede, he wasIbid. n. 40. one who most inclined to him, and by whose advice Magna Charta was grantedIbid.: Yet he soon after submittedIbid. 262. n. 20. to the Five and twenty Barons, whom they that had been in Arms against the King, made choice of to do what they should deem best, in case the King should recede from the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest, which he had sealed at Runnimede. And likewise, a WitnessIbid. 26 • . n. 30. to that Charter, which the King passed in the New Temple at London, unto the Archbishop of Canterbury, and others; for confirmation of the Rights of the Church and Clergy of England.

And the year following,An. 1216. 18 Ioh. whenIbid p. 282. n 〈◊〉 . Lewes, Son to the King of France, (being called in by the Rebellious Barons) landed in England, was Ibid p. 282. n. 〈◊〉 . one of those, who, at his Summons, came, and did fealty to him, concluding, That he would obtain the Crown. The King therefore discerning his fidelity thus doubtful, sent his PreceptPat. 18 Joh. m. 9. to him, to deliver up his Castle at Pevensey unto Matthew Fitz-Herbert, with command Pat. 18 Joh. m. 9. to demolish it.

But the death of that King, hapning the same year, altered the Scene; for divers of the great Men, standing stoutly to young Henry his Son, Crowned him King:An. 1217. 2 Hen. 3. So that Lewes at length, seeing how things framed, was contentMat Paris, p 292 m. 50. to quit the Realm, whereupon this our Earl came in and sworeMat Paris, p 292 m. 50. fealty to King Henry.

In 9 Hen. 3.An. 1225. 9 Hen. 3. it being resolvedIbid. pag. 324. n. 20., at the earnest importunity of the Nobility, that Falcas • us de Breant (a Foreigner) a person who had been instrumental in divers oppressions, both in King Iohns time and since, should be perpetually banishedIbid. pag. 324. n. 20. This Earl William had command to conduct him safe to the Sea Coast, and then to leave him to the Winds; which heIbid. pag. 324. n. 20. did accordingly in the Moneth of March.

In An. 1227. (11 Hen. 3.)An. 1227. 11 Hen. 3. uponIbid. pag. 337. n. 30. that great difference betwixt the King and Richard, Earl of Cornwal his Brother, concerning a certain Mannor belonging to that Earldom, and which the King had given away (whilest Richard was beyond Sea) unto Walerand Teutonic, a Fleming; heIbid. pag. 337. n. 30. was one of those, who on the behalf of Earl Richard, met at Stanford with a great power, and sent a Minatory Message to the King; not only to require restitution thereof to his Brother, but to restoreIbid. pag. 337. n. 30. unto them that Charter which he had lately cancelled at Oxford, concerning the Liberties of the Forest.

In An. 1232. (17 Hen. 3.) uponIbid 38 • . n. 10, 20, 30, 40. that high crime laid to the charge of Hubert de Burgh, sometime Justice of England, that he had accumulated much Treasure, and leftIbid. 38 • . n. 10, 20, 30, 40. it in the custody of the Templers to keep; which being found true, some wouldIbid. 38 • . n. 10, 20, 30, 40. have had him put to death. This Earl William wasIbid. 38 • . n. 10, 20, 30, 40. one of those who undertook for his forth coming, and sentIbid. 38 • . n. 10, 20, 30, 40. him thereupon to the Castle of Devises, to be there secured.

AtIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. the solemn Nuptials of King Henry the Third,An. 1236. 20 Hen. 3. with Alianor his Queen, Daughter to Reymund, Earl of Province; at which time, the King and Queen rodeIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. in extraordinary state through the City of London, and the sumptuous FeastIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. at that time made. This Earl servedIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. the King of his Royal Cup in the Earl of Arundels stead, who being inIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. minority, could notIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. perform that Office, in regard he was not then girtIbid. pag. 421. n. 10. with the Sword of Knighthood.

That this Earldom was very great, doth appear Testa de Nevill Suss. by the Knights Fees it held of the King about this time, being no less than Sixty two in the Rape of Lewes, besides Thirty and an half in the Rape of Pevenesel, of the Fee of Gilbert de Aquilâ.

In An. 1237. (21 H. 3.)An. 1237. 21 Hen. 3. the King then exacting Ibid pag. 436. n. 10. a Thirtieth part of all his Subjects movable Goods, as a compensation for confirming the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest, did acceptIbid. pag. 436. n. 10. of three great Peers for his Council, whereof this our Earl wasIbid. pag. 436. n. 10. the cheif, whom he caused to swearIbid. pag. 436. n. 10. that they would not for any respect whatsoever, give any other than good and wholesome advice. Who wasIbid. p. 435. n. 10 p. 436 n 20, 24 & p. • 45 n. 40. p. 58 • . n. 51. also one of the four, in whose hands that great Tax was then deposited, to the intent it might be imployed to the sole benefit of the King and Kingdom, when need should require.

In An. 1238. (22 Hen. 3.)An. 1238. 22 Hen. 3. uponIbid. p. 470. that notable discord which hapned at Ox • ord, betwixt Otto, the Popes Legate, and the Scholars of that University; the King sentIbid. this Earl, with a power of Soldiers, to appease the same; who apprehendedIbid. divers Italians and Scholars, that had committed foul outrages there at that time, and carriedIbid. them prisoners to the Castle of Was •• ingford.

This great Earl had 〈…〉 the Sheriffalty of Surrey, from the Fifth to the Tenth of King Henry the Thirds Reign, inclusive; and married two Wives, the first Maud Registr. de Lewes, fol. 134 b., Daughter to ... Earl of Arundel, who died without issue, and lieth buried in the Chapter-House at Lewes. The second likewise called Maud, WidowRegistr. de Lewes, fol. 134. b. of Hugh Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, and Marshal of England, (eldest Sister, and one of the Coheirs of Anselme Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke;) and falling sickMat. Paris, p. 506. l. 40. at London, did there depart Mat. Paris, p. 506. l. 40. this life upon the Sixth Calends of Iune, An. 1240. (24 Hen. 3.) and was buriedRegi ••• de Lewes, 1 •• a. in the midst of the Quire, in the Abbey of Lewes, before the High Altar; leaving issueIbid. by Maud his last Wife, Iohn Ibid. his Son and Successor, and Isabel Ibid. a Daughter, WifeCart. 36 H. 3. m. 4. to Hugh de Albini, Earl of Arundel; for whose Marriage he gave Rot. Pip. 17 H. 3. Norf. Three hundred marks fine in 17 H. 3.

Which Maud surviving him, had the custody of the Castle of Cuniburg committedPat. 26 H. 3 m. 2. to her in 26 Hen. 3. and in 30 Hen. 3. received Livery Claus. 30 H 3. m. 7. & m. 5. by the King himself, of the Marshals Rod, being the eldestClaus. 30 H 3. m. 7. & m. 5. who by Inheritance, ought to enjoy that great Office by Descent from Walter Mareschal, sometime Earl of Pembroke: Whereupon the Lord Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer, had commandClaus. 30 H 3. m. 7. & m. 5. to cause her to have all Rights thereto belonging, and to admit Claus. 30 H 3. m. 7. & m. 5. of such a Deputy to sit in the E • chequer for her, as she should assign. This Maud had also the custody of Strigo •• Castle till her death, which hapnedPat. 32 H 3. m. 8. Iohn. in 32 Hen. 3.

¶I come now to Iohn, Son to the last William. This Earl in An. 1247.An. 1247 31 Hen. 3 • 31 Hen. 3. being then but young, marriedMat. Pa •• p. 732. l. 11. Alice, Sister by the Mothers side to King Henry the Third (for she was Daughter to Hugh le Brun, Earl of March, second Husband to the Kings Mother.)

In An. 1248. (32 Hen. 2.) he wasIbid. p 743. l 53. one of the great Earls, who met in the Parliament held at London, on the Octaves of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin; in which Parliament, the King was freely toldIbid, p. 74 • . of his many high exactions from the Clergy and Laity.

In An. 1254. 38 Hen. 3.An. 1254. 38 Hen. 3. this Earl Iohn answered Rot. Pip. 38 H. 3. Surr. One hundred and twenty pound for Sixty Knights Fees; for which, he then gave Aid to the King, upon making his eldest Son Knight, with Edmund de Lacy, tookMat. Paris, p. 889 l. 39. shipping at Dover, and sailedIbid. to Bourdeaux. And in An. 39 Hen. 3. was oneIbid. p. 911. n. 30. of those who adhered to the King in oppressing the people, as our Historians do report. Moreover, in 40 H. 3. he wasM. Westm. in An. 1256. with other of the cheifest Peers in Westminster-Hall, when the Archbishop of Canterbury, and divers other Bishops, pronounced solemn Excommunication there, with Candles lighted, against all that should violate the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest. In which year he hadClaus 46 〈◊〉 3. m. 11. the Tertium Denarium of the County of Surrey yielded him by the Kings Precept, then sent to the Barons of the Exchequer.

In An. 1258. (42 H. 3.)An. 1258. 42 Hen. 3. when the Rebellious Barons came with such a power to the Parliament at Oxford, as that they compelled the King to submit to those Provisions which they then made there; he, with William Valence, and others, refusedMat. Paris, 9 • 1. n. 10. to comply with them. And the same year had SummonsClaus 42 H. 3. in dorso m. 11., with the rest of the great Men of England, to attend the King at Chester, thence to march against Leweline, Prince of Wales, for restraining his hostile Incursions.

In 46 Hen. 3. he wasClaus. 46 H. 3. in dorso m. 8. one of those, who upon the Agreement betwixt the King and the Rebellious Barons, did on the Kings part, set his Seal for Confirmation of the Accord then made. And the next ensuing year, had the Castle of Pevenesel committedPat. 47 H. 3. m. 5. to his custody.

In An. 1264. 48 Hen. 3.An. 1264. 48 Hen. 3. he wasMat. Paris, 994. 13., amongst others, on the Kings part, in the Castle of Rochester, immediately after Easter, when Simon Mountfort, Earl of Le • cester, and certain of the Rebellious Barons laid siege thereto; and joyned Pat 48 H. 3. m. 18. with divers other of the great Lords, in that Submission to the Award which Lewes, King of France, was to make betwixt the King and the Barons, concerning those Ordinances called Provisiones Oxonii.

But the same year, beingY • od. Neustr. in eodem An. Crastin S. Pancrat • i sc • l. Ma • i, An. 1264. Mat. Paris, 995. l 40 & 55. M W • stm. in eodem Anno. Lel Coll. Vol., 2. 378. with Prince Edward, in the Van of the Royal Army, at that fatal BattleY • od. Neustr. in eodem An. Crastin S. Pancrat • i sc • l. Ma • i, An. 1264. Mat. Paris, 995. l 40 & 55. M W • stm. in eodem Anno. Lel Coll. Vol., 2. 378. of Lewes; notwithstanding, he with William Valence, Earl of 〈◊〉 , did there unworthily desertY • od. Neustr. in eodem An. Crastin S. Pancrat • i sc • l. Ma • i, An. 1264. Mat. Paris, 995. l 40 & 55. M W • stm. in eodem Anno. Lel Coll. Vol., 2. 378. him at the very beginning of the fight, and fledYpod. Neustr. in eodem An. Crastin S. Pancratii sctl. Maii, An. 1264. Mat. Paris, 995. 1 40 & 55. M W. stm. in eodem Anno. Lel Coll. Vol., 2. 378. to 〈◊〉 Castle, and thenceY • od. Neustr. in eodem An. Crastin S. Pancrat • i sc • l. Ma • i, An. 1264. Mat. Paris, 995. l 40 & 55. M W • stm. in eodem Anno. Lel Coll. Vol., 2. 378. into France▪ yet the Rebellious Barons, having by that days success, got the King into their hands, seisedPat. 48 H. 3. m 11. upon his Castle, of Lewes, and all the rest of his, Possessions. Whereupon, finding no security here, he fled M. Westm. ut supra. beyond Sea; whence returning with Valence in May, the next ensuing year, and landingClaus 49 H. • in dorso m 6 in Pemb • okeshire, he sentPat 49 H. 3. m 14. the Prior of Monmouth unto Hereford (where Mountfort, Earl of Le • ceste • , had the King and Prince in custody) to move for the restitution of his Lands, in regard he had done nothing which might deserve the forfeiture of them, as the Prior then alledgedPat 49 H. 3. m 14.

To whom the answer then returned, wasPat 49 H. 3. m 14., That if he would come himself in person thither, and submit to a tryal in the Kings Court, he should have safe conduct so to do: Which deeming not safe, he confederatedM. Westm. in eodem An. with Clare, Earl of Glocester, (then faln off from Mountfort) and other of the Barons, who stood for the Royal Interest; and upon the escape of Prince Edward from Hereford, out of the hands of Mountfort, joyningM Westm. in eodem An. with him and his forces at Ludlow, had benefit of that glorious Victory M Westm. in eodem An. at • vesham, upon the fourth of August following; in which, Mountfort, Earl of Le • cester, being slain, the King was freed from that restraint, wherein after the Battle of Lewes, he had been so long kept by the power of those Rebellious Barons.

But after this, scil. in An. 1268. (52 Hen. 3.) all things relating to the Publick Being in quiet, some of the great Men fell at private discord with one another; amongst which, it is reported; That upon a difference betwixt this Iohn, Earl of Warren, and Henry de Lacy, afterwards Earl of Lincoln, touching a certain Pasture, they raised what forces they could, purposing to fight for it. Whereupon, the King (having notice thereof) commandedM Westm. in eodem An., that his Judges should, either judicially, or by an amicable Agreement, compose the same: Who, accordingly, upon inquiry by the Oaths of the Countrey, adjudged Ibid. the Right thereof to Lacy.

About the same time also, there fellIbid. out no small contest betwixt this our Earl, and Sir Alan la Zouch, an eminent Baron, touching some title of Land. Whereupon, discerningIbid. that he mast submit to the Justice of the Law; having first passionately ventedIbid. himself in foul language, at length assaultedIbid. Sir Alan and his Son in Westminster-Hall, with such violence, thatIbid. he almost killed the one, and much wounded the other. And having so done, fledIbid. to his Castle at Rigare; but Prince Edward pursuedIbid. him so close, with a strong power, (resolving to vindicate this injury thus done to the Kings Authority;) that our Earl, seeing it in vain to make opposition, metIbid. the Prince on foot, and with great humility imploringIbid. mercy; afterwards madeIbid. Pat. 54 H. 3 m 7. his Peace with the King, promising Ibid. Pat. 54 H. 3 m. 7. satisfaction to the persons injured.

Which promise was not meerly verbal; for it appearethClaus 54 H. 3. in dorso m. 5., that he did by a special Instrument, bearing date at Creyndone in 54 Hen. 3. oblige himself to come to Prince Edward into the Kings Court, and stand to the judgment thereof for that offence lately by him committed against Sir Alan la Zouch, and Sir Roger his Son at Westminster; and to perform in every point unto his Soveraign Lord the King, and all others, whatsoever his Peers should deem fit, in reference to them, and likewise to themselves: As also, whatsoever the Kings Justices should judge requisite to be done by him, in reference to themselves; and not to depart the Court until he should both do, and receive what was rightful and just, according to the Laws and Customs of this Realm. And this he did undertake thereby to do, upon penalty of forfeiting all his Possessions in England unto the King and his Heirs; and of incurring the sentence of Excommunication by all or any the Archbishops, Bishops, and Prelates of the Land, as the King should make choice of, to pronounce the same against him; and when, and wheresoever he should please. Whereupon, a fineClaus. 3 E 1. m. 2. of Ten thousand marks was laid upon him for that misdemeanor. Which afterwards, by the favor of the King was not only reducedClaus. 9 E, 1. m. 10. to Eight thousand and four hundred marks, but an acceptance Claus. 9 E, 1. m. 10. of the same by Two hundred marks per annum, till it should be paid.

The next thing memorable, that I find of this Earl, isM. Westm. in An. 1272., That upon the Solemnization of King Henry the Thirds Funeral, in the Abbey Church at Westminster; he, and Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Glocester, with the Clergy and People, went up to the High Altar, and swore fealty to Edward his Son, thenceforth King by the name of Edward the First.

And in the third year of his Reign, upon his returnIbid. in An. 1274. out of Gascoigne, gave him most honorable entertainmentIbid. in An. 1274. at his Castle of Rigate; which was so acceptable to that King, that he pardonedClaus. 3 • . 1. m. 2. him no less then a thousand marks of that great sum of Ten thousand marks, at which he had been fined for that offence in Westm • nster-Hall against Sir Alan la Zouch, and his Son beforementioned.

It is also farther recordedMS. Oxo • inter codies Digb. (n. 〈…〉 . of him, that in the sixth year of the same Kings Reign, soon after the making of that Statute called Quo Warranto, in the Parliament then held at Glocester; the King, by his Justices questioning certain of the great Noblemen, by what title they held their Lands: Amongst others, this Earl being called, and asked, by what Warranty he held his; he shewed them an old Sword, and unsheathing it, said, Behold, my Lords, here is my Warranty; my Ancestors coming into this Land with William the Bastard, did obtain their Lands by the Sword; and I am resolved with the Sword to defend them, against whomsoever that shall endeavor to dispossess me: For that King did not himself conquer the Land, and subdue it, but our Progenitors were sharers and assistants therein.

Of which stout answer when the King heardIbid.; and that the rest of the Nobles present, then concurredIbid. therein, he departedIbid. the Court in some discontent, and not only forboreIbid. to proceed farther; but seemed to take so little offence thereat, That about three years after, upon the marriage of the Lady Isabel, Daughter to this our Earl, unto Iohn de Baillol (a great Baron of the North) he gave him full three years respite Claus. 9 E. 1. m. 10. for payment of the Two hundred marks per annum, accepted of by King Henry the Third, in satisfaction for the Fine before-mentioned.

It is observable, that in 7 Edw. 1. when this Iohn was questioned before the Justices Itinerant in Sussex, by what Authority he claimed Free Warren in Wurth, and divers other Lordships in Sussex; he pleadedPlae. de Juratis & Assisis coram Justic. Itin. in Com. Suss. in Craft. S Joh. Bapt. 7 Ed. Rot. 50., That all his Ancestors had faithfully adhered to the Kings of England; and that at the time, when Normandy was lost, they being Earls of Warren there, lost their Lands in that Countrey, because they would not adhere to the King of France, against King Iohn; and that in consideration thereof, they had compenlation for the same, by the Grant of other Lands here in England, with this Priviledge; that they and their Heirs should have Free Warren in those, and all other their Lands which they then had, or afterwards should acquire, in regard of their sirname de Warenna: Which Plea was then allowedPlae. de Juratis & Assisis coram Justic. Itin. in Com. Suss. in Craft. S. Joh. Bapt. 7 Ed. Rot. 50.. And it is farther observable, That King Edward the First bore so great a respect unto him, that by his Charter Pat. 2 H. 4. p. 3. in 24. per Inspex. dated the Seventh of October, in the Tenth year of His Reign, for the more tranquility and advantage of himself and his heirs, and of the whole Realm (as the Preamble thereof doth import) he granted to him and his heir the Castle of Dynas-Bran, which was in his Possession at the beginning of his Wars in Wales; and all the Land of Bromfield, with the Appurtenances which Griffin and Lewelin, Sons of Madoc Vaughan, either by themselves or their Guardians then held, excepting to the said King and his Heirs, the Castle and Land of Hope, with the Appurtenances.

In this year also, upon Assessing the Scutage Rot Mares • . in Ed. 〈…〉 . of Rothelan, for the service of King Edward against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, and other of the Welsh, then in Rebellion, this Earl was chargedRot Mares • . in Ed. 〈…〉 . for Eleven Knights Fees, viz. Six of his own Inheritance, and five for Stanford and Graham in Com. Lincol. being personally Rot de Scutag. Wall. de eodem anno m. • . in that service.

In 11 Edw. 1. Griffin Vaughan, Son to Griffin of Bromfield, grantedClaus. 11 Ed. 1. in d •• so m • . to this Earl all his Land of Yale, (in North Wales) which he had as his Purparty of the Inheritance of Griffin his Father.

But concerning this Land of Yale, so granted by Griffin Vaughan, as is here noted; as also of Bromfield, which this Earl afterwards possessed, let us hear how Doctor Powel reporteth Histor • of Wai • s, p. 94 he came by them.—Griffith ap Madock (saith he) took part with King Henry the Third, and Edward the First, against the Prince of North Wa • es and therefore for fear of the Prince, he was fain to lie in his Castle of Dinas-Bran, which standeth on the top of a very steep Hill, to the which, there is no way but one to come. He died, his children being within age, whereupon, shortly ensued the destruction of two of them: For the said King Edward the First, gave the Wardship of Madoc (who had for his part the Lordship of Bromfield and Yale, and the Castle of Dinas-Bran, with the Reversion of Mailor-Saesnec, after his Mothers decease, who bad the same to her Ioynture) to John, Earl Warren; and granted the Wardship of Lewelin (to whose part the Lordship of Chirke and Nanheudwy came) to Roger Mortimer. These Guardians, forgetting the service done by the Father of the Wards to the King, so guarded their Wards with small regard, that they never returned to their Possessions: And shortly after, the said Guardians did obtain the said Lands to themselves, by Charter of the King.

This Iohn, Earl Warren began to build Holt Castle, and William his Son finished the Same.

And upon that great Competition betwixt Robert de Bruse, and Iohn de Baillol, for the Crown of Scotland (circa 21 Edw. 1.) joynedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 776. with that magnificent Prelate, Anthony Beke, Bishop of Durham, in maintenance of Baillols title. Moreover, in 23 Edw. 1. he hadPat. 23. Ed. 1. n. 5. the custody of the Castle of Bambur •• committed to his charge. And in 24 Edw. 1. being 〈◊〉 Ypod. Neustr. p. 81. n. 20. with a power into Scotland, (together with William de Beauchamp, then Earl of Warwick) for recovery of the Castle of Dunbar (then treacherously deliveredYpod. Neustr. p. 81 n. 20. up by some of that Garrison) he encountredYpod. Neustr. p. 81. n. 20. the Scotish Army which came to relieve the same, with so much courage, that no less than Ten thousand of the Scots were slainYpod. Neustr. p. 81. n. 20., and the Castle thereupon rendredYpod. Neustr. p. 81. n. 20. to the King. Soon after which, he was madeIbid. p. 82. n. 40. Governor of that Realm.

The next year following, the King being desirous to assist the Earl of Flanders (his faithful Friend and Confederate) and to that end, to goIbid. pag 83. n. 4 • . in person thither, constitutedIbid. pag 83. n. 4 • . this Earl Warren General of all his Forces on the North of Trent, for the better restraining the insolencies of the Scots; who thereupon marched Ibid. pag 83. n. 4 • . into Scotland, which occasioned so great a terror to that people; that they soughtIbid. pag 83. n. 4 • . peace of him, and gaveIbid. pag 83. n. 4 • . Hostages for their future peaceable demeanor.

But this fair shew of Peace provedIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 50. no other than a deceitful contrivance to entrap the English: For the Scots hereupon gatheringIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 50. their whole strength together about Scrieuin, thereupon enticed our Earl to march thither: who inadvertently adventuringTh. Wals. in An. 1298 p. 39. n. 30. & 40. & p. 40. n. 10. the most of his Forces over the Bridge, sawTh. Wals. in An. 1298 p. 39. n. 30 & 40. & p. 40. n 10. them utterly routed and destroyed before he could get to their relief: Which caused so great a consternation upon himself, and the remainder of his Men, that they fled Th. Wals. in An. 1298 p. 39. n. 30 & 40. & p. 40. n. 10. immediately to Barwick, and thence into England.

Notwithstanding which loss, he was again constitutedPat. 26 Ed. 1. m. 31. General for an other expedition into Scotland; and thereupon (with divers other of the English Nobility) advancedTh. Wals. in An. 1299. p. 41. n 40. thither: But tidingsTh. Wals. in An. 1299. p. 41. n 40. being brought of a Peace, which was concluded by King Edward (then in Flanders) and the Scots, no farther acts of hostility wereTh. Wals. in An. 1299. p. 41. n 40. then done on either part. And in 28 Edw. 1. was madeRot. Fin. 28 Edw. 1. m. 10. Governor of the Castle of Hope in Com. Derb.

In An. 29 Edw. 1. he was sentRot. Aleman. 29 E. 1. m. 7. with Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, and others to treat with Agents from the King of France, upon Articles of Peace betwixt King Edward and the Scots. And in 32 Edw. 1. again imployed Rot. Scoc. 3 • Edw. 1. m. 9. into Scotland on the Kings service: But before the end of that year he diedTho. Wals. in An. 1305. p. 60. n. 40. at • enington Regist. de Lewes, f. 133 a. near London, upon the fifth Calends of October, having continuedRegist. de Lewes, f. 133 a. Earl of Surrey no less then Fifty four years, and was buriedIbid. in the midst of the Pavement in the Quire of the Abbey of Lewes, before the High Altar, with this EpitaphIbid. upon his Tombstone. Vous qe passer ov bouche close, Prier pur cely ke cy repose: En vie come vous esti jadis fu, Et vous tiel, ferretz come je su; Sire Iohan Count de Garenne gist ycy; Dieu de sa alme eit mercy. Ky pur sa alme prierra, Troiz mill jours de pardon avera.

Certain it is, that he was a person in high esteem with the King, as may seem by that special PreceptClaus. 32 Edw. 1. in dorso m. 6. directed to the then Bishop Elect of London; whereby, signifying how pious, and before Almighty God a meritorious work it was to pray continually for the dead, that so they might be the more easily delivered from the burthen of their sins; and that this our Earl, who had been a most faithful and useful Subject and Servant to him, and the whole Realm, was then departed this life to his very great sorrow; he required him, that he should cause his Sonl to be commended to the Mercy of God, by all Religious and Ecclesiastick Persons throughout his whole Diocess of London.

The like Precept was directed by the King unto the Archbishop of Canterbury, for his whole Province; as also to the Abbots of S. Augustines in Canterbury, Westminster, Waltham. S. Albans, S. Edmunds-Bury, and Evesham.

Moreover, for Indulgencies to such who should pray for his Soul, I farther findRegist. de Lewes, ut supra., that Robert, then Archbishop of Canterbury, granted forty days; Gilbert, Bishop of Chichester, forty days; Thomas, Bishop of Rochester, thirty days; the Bishop of Durham forty days; the Bishop of • arleol forty days; the Bishop of Lincoln forty days; the Bishop of Coventry and Liechfield forty days, and Iohn, Bishop of Chichester, forty days.

His Wife, viz. Alice, (already mentioned) SisterIbid. fol. 135 a. by the Mothers side to King Henry the Third, departedIbid. fol. 135 a. this life the fifth Ides of February, An. 1290. (19 Edw. 1.) and was buried Ibid. fol. 135 a. under a Marble-stone, before the High Altar in the Abbey Church of Lewes, whereon the Figure of a Dragon, with a Branch in his Mouth, wasIbid. fol. 135 a. graven.

By her he had issueIbid. fol. 133 b. William, who wedded Claus. 15 Edw. 1. m. 7. Claus. 22 Edw. 1. m. 5. Ioan, Daughter of Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford, and hadClaus. 15 Edw. 1. m. 7. Claus. 22 Edw. 1. m. 5. with her the Mannors of Medmenham in Com. Buck. Crawmersh in Com. Oxon. and Beston in Norfolk, in Frank-marriage; as also the Mannors of Prittlewell, Tiburne, Wulfhamstone, Nechamsted, and Ginges; and Lands of Ten pounds per annum, in Cestreham.

He had also issue by her the said Alice, two Daughters, viz. Alianor and Isabel; which Alianor Regist. de Lewes, Coll. R. Glov. was first married to Henry Lord Percy, and afterwardsRegist. de Lewes, Coll. R. Glov. to the Son of a Scotish Earl; and Isabel toRegist. de Lewes, Coll. R. Glov. Iohn Baillol afterwards King of Scotland.

This William diedRegist. de Lewes, fol. 133 b. in the life time of the Earl his Father, upon the eighteenth Kalends of Ianuary, in An. 1286. (14 Edw. 1.) leaving Ioan, his Lady, greatRegist. de Lewes, fol. 133 b. with Child with Iohn, his Son and Heir; afterwards bornRegist. de Lewes, fol. 133 b. upon the second Kalends of Iuly, the same year; and was buriedRegist. de Lewes, fol. 133 b. before the High Altar in the Abbey of Lewes.

Which Ioan departedIbid. fol. 135 a. this life upon the eleventh Kalends of December, in An. 1293. (21 Edw. 1.) and lieth buriedIbid. fol. 135 a. with her Husband before the High Altar at Lewes, under a high Tomb.

¶I come now to Iohn, Iohn • ▪ Son to the said William (but born after his death, as hath been said) who next succeeded in these Earldoms of War • en and Surrey as Heir to Iohn his Grand-father.

This Iohn having an offerClaus. 33 Edw. 1. in dorso m. 18. made unto him by the King, in his Chamber at Westminster, in Parliament, upon Munday next, before the Feast of S. Edward, King and Martyr, 33 Edw. 1. Of Ioan, Daughter to Henry, Earl of Baar, gratefully acceptedClaus. 33 Edw. 1. in dorso m. 18. thereof (he being not then fully twenty one years of age) and tookRegist. d • Lewes ut supra. her to Wife.

That which I find next memorable of him, is,Ex Rot. Compot. 〈◊〉 stodis mag •• Garderobz. 34 Edw. 1. penès Rem. Reg. in 〈◊〉 That at that great solemnity of making Prince Edward Knight, at the Feast of Pentecost, An. 34 Edw. 1. he then received the like honor; the whole number then Knighted, being no less then Two hundred threescore and seven.

In the next year following (the last of that Victorious Kings Reign) he wasRot. Pro ••• 35 Ed. 1. m • with him in that his Scotch expedition wherein he died. And in 2 Edw. 2. was at that great Tourneament at Wallingford, unto which, Piers Gavaston broughtTho. Wal • . in eodem 〈◊〉 no. such a multitude of strangers, to the great affront and abuse of the English Nobility.

In 4 Edw. 2. he wentRot. Sco • . 4 Edw. 2. m. 15. again into Scotland, being in such favor with the King, that he obtained Rot. 〈◊〉 4 Edw. m. 18. Pat. 4 E • p. 2. m •• a free Grant the same year, of the Castle and Honor of Peke in Derbishire, together with the whole Forest of High Peke, to hold Rot. 〈◊〉 4 Edw. m. 18. Pat. 4 E • p. 2. m •• during his life, in as full and ample manner, as William Peverel antiently enjoyed the same, before it came to the Kings of England by Escheat.

In 5 Edw. 2. upon that high discontent by the Nobles of this Realm, against the new raised Minion Piers Gavaston, this Earl, with the Earl of Pembroke, besiegedTh. 〈◊〉 in eode • anno, p. 〈◊〉 n. 30. Claus. 5 Edw. • . m. 4. in dorso. Peirs in Scardeburgh Castle, and forcedTh. 〈◊〉 in eode • anno, p. 〈◊〉 n. 30. Claus. 5 Edw. • . m. 4. in dorso. him to render himself.

In 6 Edw. 2. he obtainedCart. 6 • • 2. n. 66. the Kings Charter for a weekly Market every Tuesday at his Mannor of • iga • e in Surrey. Also for another Market at his Mannor of Cukefeld in Surrey, upon the Monday; and a Fair there yearly upon the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of the Holy Trinity. Likewise, for a Market every Tuesday at • ychening in Sussex; and a Fair yearly on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Margaret the Virgin. Moreover for a Market every Thursday at his Mannor of Brighel ••• on in 〈◊〉 . Also for a Fair every year, upon the Feast day of S. Laurence at Hurst; for the like upon Martimass day, in Winter, at Westm • ston; and a third at Portestad, upon the Feast day of S. Nicholas, all in Com. Suss.

In 7 Edw. 2. (with Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and some other of the great Earls) he refusedTho Wals. in eodem an. p 80. n. 10. to attend the King in his Scotch expedition then made. And in 10 Edw. 2. wasRot. Scoc. 10 Edw. 2. m. 6. in another expedition for Sco • land.

In 11 Edw. 2. he was chargedClaus. 11 Ed. 2. m. 23. with Two hundred Foot for his Lands of 〈◊〉 and Yale, to be sent into Scotland for the Kings Service. And in 13 Edw. 2. wasRot Scoc. 13 Edw. 2. m 2. again in the Wars of Scotland.

In 15 Edw. 2. he was joyned inPat 15 Ed. 2. p. 2. m. 25. special Commission with Edmund, Earl of • ent, (the Kings Brother) joyntly and severally to pursue Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and his adherents; as also to besiegePat 15 Ed. 2. p. 2. m. 25. his Castle of Pontetract, and take it: And was one of the Peers, who gaveTho. Wals. in eodem an. p. 94. n. 30. sentence of death upon him.

Moreover, 18 Edw. 2. he was constituted Rot. Vascon. • 8 Edw. 2. m. 9. Captain General Conductor of those Military Men, who were sent into Gascoigne, with command to bring them unto Edmund, Earl of • ent, then Lieutenant of that Dutchy.

It is observable, that this Earl (having no issue by his Wife) did by a special GrantClaus 9 E. 2. in dorso m. 2. give the Inheritance of all his Lands to the King, and his Heirs; which Grant bears date at We •• minster, upon Thursday the morrow after the Feast of S. Peter and Paul, 9 Edw. 2. the particulars whereof are therein exprest, viz. The Castle and Town of Rigate, with the Mannors of • orking, Bechesworth, and • enington in Surrey; the Castle and Town of Lewes, the Mannors of Cokefield, Cleyton, Dychening, Mething, Fethlam, Brightelmeston, Rottingden, Houndeden, Northest, Rademeld, Kymere, Middelton, Alington, Worth, Picoumb in Sussex; the Towns of Iford, Pydinghow, and Seford, in Essex; the Castles and Towns of Coningesbragh, and Sandale, and the Mannors of Wakefield, Heitfield, Thorne, Soureby, Braithewel, Fishlake, Dewsbury, and Halifax, in Yorkshire; the Mannors and Towns of Stanford, and Grantham in Lincolnshire; and also the Castles of Dinas-Bran and Leones, with the Lands of Bromfield, Yale, and Wrightsham, in Wales.

After which, scil. in 19 Edw. 2. the same King assignedClaus. 19 E. • . • . 4. unto him, for his life the Castles and Mannors of Coningsburgh and Sandale; the Mannors of Wakefield, Souresby, Brathewell, Fishlake, Dewsbury, and Halifax, in Yorkshire.

In 1 Edw. 3. he wasRo • . Scoc. 1 E • w. 3. m. 5. in that expedition then made into Scotland. So also inRo • . Scoc. 7 E • w. 3 m 27. 7 Edw. 3. in which year the Scots making an Insurrection Tho. Wals. in eodem an. p. 116. n. 10. against Edward Baillol their King, in regard he had done Homage to the King of England for that Realm; this Earl assisted Baillol in wasting a great part of that Countrey: And merited Claus. 8 Edw. 3. in dorso m 33. so well of him for the many eminent Services he had done, and Charges he had sustained in that War; that Baillol (with the consent of his Nobles then with him) gaveClaus. 8 Edw. 3. in dorso m 33. him the Earldom of Stratherne, forfi • ted by the Rebellion of Malis • us, Earl of that County.

In 9 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Scoc. 9 Edw. 3. m. 29. again in the Wars of Scotland. And in 13 Edw. 3. was constituted Claus. 13 E • . 3. p. 2. m 〈◊〉 m 42. the cheif person for arraying all the Men at Arms in Surrey and Sussex, and for custody of the Sea Coasts.

In 16 Edw. 3. the King, amongst other Letters to divers of his Nobles, sentRot Franc. 10 Edw. 3. m. 〈◊〉 . to this Earl, to provide forty Men at Arms, an hundred Archers for his service in France, requesting him to be at London in person on the Octaves of S. Hil • ary, there to treat and agree with his Council, touching the Wages for those Soldiers in that Expedition.

In 19 Edw. 3. Ioan, Countess of War • en, Wife to this Earl, beingR • t Fin. 19 Edw 3. m. 31. to go beyond Sea upon some special imployment for the King, had Protection R • t Fin. 19 Edw 3. m. 31. for all her Lands here in England, which were assigned for her support, with the Stock thereupon; for the better defence and safeguard of them in her absence. But soon after this she died, whereupon he married a second Wife, as it seems; for by an IndentureEx ipso Autogr. penès Thomam Com • tem Elgi ••• , An. 1660. betwixt King Edward the Third, and him, bearing date at • nautone, the second day of Iune, in the Twentieth year of His Reign it was agreed betwixt them, That the King should thenceforth protect and defend him against all persons whatsoever, Natives, or Strangers, in all quarrels and causes, which might in reason concern him: As also, that he should support him in the peaceable possession of all his Lands, whereof he was at that time seised, either in England or Wales. And, that, if God should please to send him an heir by Isabel de Houland, then his Wife, should the same heir be Male of Female, it should be joyned in marriage to some one of the Blood Royal, unto whom the King should think fittest: So that the whole Inheritance of this Earl, with the Name and Arms of Warrenne, should be preserved by the Blood Royal, in the Blood of him the said Earl. And, in case he should depart this life without any such issue, begotten on the Body of her the said Isabel, that then all his Castles, Mannors, Lands, and Tenements in Surrey, Sussex, and Wales, should after such his decease, remain to the King, to be bestowed upon some one of his own Sons, on whom he should think fit; on condition, that, in the person of such Son and his Heirs, the Name, Honor, and Arms of Warenne; should be for ever maintained and kept. And moreover it was farther agreed, That if the said Isabel should by the Law of the Realm, be endowed of those Lands and Tenements, lying in the Counties of Surrey, Sussex, and Wales, before specified, whereof he was at that time possessed; that then she should be only endowed of those Mannors, Lands, and Tenements, reserving the Castles to the King, and to such of his Sons, on whom the King should think fit to bestow them, she having a reasonable assignation otherwise in lieu of them.

All that I farther find of this Earl, is, That by his DeedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 346 b., bearing date 24 April, 8 Edw. 2. he did Release and Quit-claim to the Canons of Rigate, his Right to Nineteen shillings four pence, one Plough share, and four Horse-shooes yearly Rent; which the Prior and Covent of Riga • e, had antiently paid to his Ancestors for certain Lands in Rigate: And granted to them and their Successors, Forty six shillings eleven pence yearly Rent, issuing out of certain other Lands there, for a Chantry which the said Canons of Rigate, and their Successors, were obliged to maintain in his Castle of Rigate; for the health of her Soul, and the Souls of his Ancestors and Heirs: So that one Mass should daily be celebrated therein for ever.

Certain it is, that he was the lastRegist. de Lewes fol. 133 b Earl of that Noble and Antient Family. And having by his TestamentEx Regist. Testam. Eboraci nuncupato Zouch., dated at his Castle of Conesburgh in Com. Ebor. (where he stiles himself, Iohn, Earl of Warren, Surrey, and ••• thern▪ Lord of Bromfield and Yale) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Church of S. Pancrace at •• wes; and given to Ioan de Basing his Daughter, a Silver Cup; to his Daughter Katherine Ten marks; as also to Isabel, another of his Daughters, then a Nun at 〈◊〉 Twenty marks; and to Isabel de Houland, his Wife, a Ring with a Ruby. He departedRegist. de Lewes, fol. 133 b. this life without any lawful issue, upon the morrow preceding the Kalends of Iuly, An. 1347. (21 Edw. 3.) being the One and sixtieth year of his age; and lieth buriedRegist. de Lewes, fol. 133 b. alone under a raised Tomb, near the High Altar, in the Abbey of • ewes; leaving Alice, his Sister, WifeClaus. 21 Edw. 3. p. 2. m. 12. to Edmund, Earl of Arundel, his next HeirClaus. 21 Edw. 3. p. 2. m. 12. in Blood.

The Lands, whereof the InquisitionsEsc 21 Ed. 3. • . 58. taken after his death, do report him to die seised, were as followeth; viz. The Mannor of • iburne in Com. Middl. The Mannors of Grantham, Stanford, and Paun • on-Magna in Com. Linc. The Castle and Town of Lewes, with the LordshipsClaus 21 Ed. 3. m 28. of Cokefield, Clentone, Brighelmeston, Rottingden, Hounderden, Northess, Rademeld, •• mer, Middleton, Alington, Wo • th, Pycombe, Pydinghow, and Seford. TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Castle and Town of Rigate, with the Mannors of Dorking and Bechesworth in Surrey.

TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Mannors of Troubrigge, Winterbourne, and Ambresbury, in Wiltshire, for term of life, by the Kings Grant.

TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Castle of Acre, and Mannor of Bestone in Norfolk.

TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Mannor of Gymingham, and Advowson of the Abbey of Marham.

The Mannor of Middlewould; the Hundreds of Malhow and Brother-cross in Com. Nors.

TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Mannor of Medmenham in Com. Buck.

The Mannors of Caneford and S • apw • ke in Com. Dors. for term of life, with Remainder to Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and his Heirs.

TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Mannors of Coningsburgh, • aitfield, and Wakefield, in Com. Ebor.

TheClaus. 21 Ed. 3 m. 28. Mannors of Henstrig and Cherleton, in Com. Sommers.

TheEsc. 21 Ed. 3. ut supra. Mannor of Bokeland, in Right of Ioan his Wife. The Mannor of Wanton in Surrey, also for term of life, of the Inheritance of Iohn de Breause.

That there grew some dislike betwixt this Earl, and Ioan his Wife, is sure enough; for it appearsPat. 9 Ed. • . p. 2. m. 31. that they were divorced upon pretence of a former Contract made by him with Maud de Nereford (a person of a great Family in Norfolk) and that he allowed unto the same Ioan, Seven hundred and forty marks per annum. As also, that he hadPat. 10 Ed 〈◊〉 p. 1. m. 32. two Sons by Ma • d d • Nereford, viz. Iohn and Thomas, who were sirnamed Warren. For whose sake he obtained of King Edward the Second, a Grant of part of those great Possessions which he had given to him before, viz. The Castle and Town of Rigate, with divers other Lordships in Surrey; the Castle and Town of Lewes, with many Lordships in Sussex; the Castles of Dinas-Bran and Leons; as also the Lands of Bromfield, Ya • e, and Wrighlesham, in Wales, to himself for life; with Remainder to Iohn de Warren, Son of Maud de Nereford, and to the Heirs-Male of his Body; and for want of such to Thomas de Warren, another Son of the same Maud, and the Heirs-Male of his Body; and for lack of such issue, to the right heirs of him the said Earl, with Remainder to the King and his Heirs.

And moreover, by IndentureEx Coll. • Gl. S. bearing date at 〈◊〉 , 20 May, 20 Edw. 3. setled upon the same Maud de Nereford, for term of her life, the Castles, Towns, and Mannors of Co • ngsburgh and Sandale; with th • Mannors of Wakefield, Haitfield, Souresby, Brethewel, Fishlake, Dewsbury, and Halifa • ; and after her decease, upon the said Iohn and Thomas, and the Heirs-Males of their Bodies, in like sort as abovesaid, with Remainder to his right heirs. Unto which Indenture his Seal was affixed; whereupon, on the one side, is expressed his Effigies in a Gown, and sitting in a Chair, holding a Hawk in his left hand, with this Circumscription, viz. Sigillum Iohannis Comitis Warenniae & Stratherniae, & Comitis Palacii. And on the other side, on Horsback, with his Sword in his right hand, and in his left his Shield of Arms, with this Circumscription, Sigillum Iohannis Comitis Warrenniae, & Surreyae, Domini de Bromfield & Yale. When Iohn, his Son, by the before specified Maud de Nereford bore Vin • . p. 51 • . for his Arms, Chequy Or and Azure, a Canton Gules with a Lion rampant Ermine thereon (the proper Coat of Nereford) from whom the Warrens of Poynton in Cheshire, do deriveIbid. their descent.

Of Ioan de Baars before mentioned, all that I have farther seen, is, That in 26 Edw. 3. she being still beyond Sea, had LicensePat 26 Ed • . p. 1. m. • . there to continue till the Fifteenth of S. Michael that year: And that she departingRegist. • Lewes, • 135 a. this World in An. 1361. (35 Edw. 3.) was notRegist. • Lewes, • 135 a. buried in England.

Warren of Wirmgay.

HAving now done with that line of the Earls of Warren and Surrey, I come to Reginald de Warren, Reginal • ▪ a younger Son to the second Earl William, whose cheif Seat was at Wirmgay in Norfolk, by reason of his marriageMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. • . 85 a. n. 10. with Alice, Daughter and heir to William de Wirmgay. Which William de Wirmgay had LiveryRot. Pip. • H. 2. Norf. of his Lands in 6 Hen. 2. and upon the Aid for marrying of Maud, Daughter to King Henry the Second, in 12 Hen. 2. certified Lib. Rub. in Scace. his Fees to be Fourteen and an half.

This was that Reginald, for whom King Stephen in the Twelfth of His Reign, by his Charter Jorval. col. • 03. n. 20. (whereby he constituted Henry, Duke of Normandy, his Successor in this Realm of England; and made Provision for his own Son William, who had married Isabel, Daughter and heir of William Earl Warren) did take care he should have the custody of the castles of Belencumbre and Mortimer in Normandy, if he so pleased.

In 10 Hen. 2. heEx Regi • t. Archiep. Cant. (Inter Collect. R. Gloveri decerptum.) was one of those Temporal Lords, who came to an accord with the King touching their ancient Rights and Liberties.

In 14 Hen. 2. he answeredRot. Pip. 14 Hen. 2. Norf. Nine pounds and ten shillings, then in arrear for the Knights Fees pertaining to this Honor of Wirmgay, and due upon the Aid for marrying of Maud, the Kings Daughter as abovesaid.

In 16 Hen. 2. he wasRad. de Diceto col. 554. n. 30. Sheriff of Kent, with Reginald de Cornhulle, but noIbid. & Gerv. Dorobern. col. 1413. n. 20. friend to Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, as may seem by his deportment towards him, when he returned into England, after his Peace made with the King.

For the one half of that Sixteenth year, and for the whole Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth years of that Kings Reign, he executed the OfficeRot. Pip. de iisdem an • . of Sheriff for the County of Sussex. So likewise forRot. Pip. de iisdem an • . Devonshire, for half the same nineteenth year; and againRot. Pip. de iisdem an • . for Sussex for the One and twentieth and two and twentieth of Henry the Second.

In 18 Hen. 2. he accountedRot. Pip. • 8 H. 2. Norf. Fourteen pound five shillings for the Scutage of this his Honor of Wirmgay. And, forMonast. Angl. Vol. 2. p. 85 a. n. 10. the health of his own Soul, as also for the Souls of Alice his Wife, William de Wirmgay her Father, and William Earl Warren his Brother, he gaveMonast. Angl. Vol. 2. p. 85 a. n. 10. to the Canons of Southwark, (id est, S. Mary Overy) the Church of Plumbton.

¶To this Reginald succeeded William his Son and Heir,William. who in 31 Hen. 2. paidRot. Pip. 31 H. 2. Norf. Scutage (by reason of this his Honor) for Military Service done in Ireland. AndRot. Pip. 2. R. 1. Norf. in 2 Rich. 1. Seventeen pound two shillings six pence for the Scutage of Wales.

In 5 Rich. 1. he hadRot▪ Pip. 5 R. 1. Norf. the custody of the Heir of Hugh de Chandos granted to him. And in 6 Rich. 1. he accountedRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Norf. for Fourteen pound five shillings upon the Aid for that Kings Redemption.

In 3 Ioh. he again answeredRot. Pip. 3 Joh Norf. Twenty eight marks and an half, for Scutage done for the Knights Fees belonging to this Honor. And in 5 Ioh. gaveRot. Pip. 5 Joh. Norf. Four hundred marks to the King, for License to marry Milisent, the Widow of Richard Muntfichet, with her Dowry, she being his second Wife.

This William FoundedClaus. 6 Ed. 3. m. 6. the Priory of Wirmgay, and gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 85 a. n. 20. to the Canons of Southwark, with his Body (there to be buried) Sixty Acres of Land in Fortiscre, for the health of the Souls of Reginald his Father, Alice his Mother, Beatrice his Wife, Reginald his Son, and the Souls of Beatrice and Isabel his Daughters.

And in An. 1208. (11 Ioh.) diedM. Westm in • odem an., leaving the same Beatrix, thenRot. Pip. 11 Joh. Norf. Widow of Dodo Bardulf, his sole DaughterRot. Pip. 11 Joh. Norf. and Heir; who the next ensuing year gaveRot. Pip. 11 Joh. Norf. a Fine of MMM. C. marks, for Livery of the Lands Heredirarily descended to her, by the death of her Father, and assignation of a reasonable Dowry of her Husbands Lands, so that she might not be compelled to marry again; as also, that her Father Debts should be paid, as well out of the Goods of Milisent his Wife, as out of his own. Which Milisent was livingRot. Pip. 3 H 3. Ess. • Here • . in 3 Hen. 3.

This Beatrix, his Daughter, afterwards became the WifeClaus 17 H▪ 3. m. 17. of Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent, and Justice of England, who had with her the Mannors of Wirmgay, Stow, Roubeton, and Feneburge; as also certain Lands in Flesci • ge in Com. Norf. But her Son William Bard • lf, hadClaus. 27 H. 3. • . 4. after her decease this Honor of Wirmgay; of whom, and his Descendants, I shall speak in due place.

Earls of Leicester.

THe first of this Family called Robert, Robert. (of whom I am now to speak) was not advanced to this Earldom of Leicester, until the time of King Henry the First; yet, being Earl of Mel • ent in Normandy, in the time of the Conqueror, I have thought fit to rank him amongst those of that Dignity in his time.

As for his Parentage by his Fathers side, he was of near Alliance to the Conqueror, viz. Son Ord. Vi • . P. 709 A. of roger de Bel • omont, Grand-sonW. Geme • . 312 A. B. to Turolf of Pont Audomanre, byW. Geme • . 312 A. B. Wevia, Sister to Gunnora, Wife of Richard, the first of that name, Duke of Normandy, Great Grand-father to King William the First: And by Adelina, his Mother, Heir to the Earldom of Mellent; she being DaughterIbid. 26 • A. of Waleran, and SisterIbid. 26 • A. to Hugh, both Earls of Mellent; which Hugh tookOrd. Vit. p. 460 B. the habit of a Monk in the Abbey of Be • .

After whose death, without issue, this Robert obtainedW. Mal • sb • fol. 90 b. n. 30. the Castle of Mellent, for a sum of Money from the King of France; and succeeded him in the title of Earl.

Of his signal deportment in that memorable Battle with Duke William, whereby this Realm of England was thenceforth obtained; hearken to what William Pictavensis saithGesta W. Ducis Norm. 197 A.. Tyro quidam Normannus, &c. Acertain Norman young Soldier, Son of Roger de Bellomont, Nephew and Heir to Hugh, Earl of Mellent, by Adelina his Sister; making the first • n-set in that fight, did what deserveth • ting Fame, Boldly charging and breaking in upon the Enemy, with that Regiment which he commanded in the Right Wing of the Army. For which eminent Service he had vast Possessions bestowedW. Malm •• . fol. 90 b. on him here, viz. Domesd. lib. in i • sdem Com. In Warwickshire Sixty four Lordships, and inDomesd. lib. in i • sdem Com. Leicestershire Sixteen, or the greatest part of them; besides Seven in Wiltshire, three in Northamptonshire, and one in Glocestershire, whereof Roger his Father wasIbid. in iisdem Com. also possessed.

As to his after-actings, I findOrd. V 6 • 6 A. • , that being a person of an haughty spirit, and puffed up with Rewards and Promises from the King: he came to Roan, in An. 1090. (3 Wil. Rufi) where boldly requiring of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, the Castle of Ivery; the Duke answered, That he had given to his Father the Castle of Br • on for it, which was an equal exchange. Whereupon he replied, I allow not of that Bargain; but what your Father gave to my Father, that will I have; otherwise (by S. Nichasius) I shall do that which will displease you. At which words, the Duke growing very angry, causedIbid. him to be laid hold on, and imprisoned: Whereof, so soon as the crafty old Man (his Father) heard, he sentIbid. the Duke a present, hasting afterwards himself to him, and with fine flattering expressions obtainedIbid. his Sons liberty.

BeingW. Malmsb. 88 a. n 40. a faithful adherer to King Henry the First, against his Brother Curthose, he was thereupon advancedOrd. Vir. 700 A. to this Earldom of Leicester, and hadOrd. Vir. 700 A. also other rich gifts; but how he got this Earldom, let us hear what an AuthorIbid. 805 D. of that time expresseth. Vrbs Legrecestriae quatuor dominos hahuerat, &c. The City of Leicester had then four Lords, viz. The King, the Bishop of Lincoln, Earl Simon, and Yvo, the Son of Hugh (scil. Grentmesnil.) This Earl of Mellent, by the favor of the King, cunningly entring it on that side which belonged to Yvo, (then Governor thereof, as also Sheriff, and the Kings Farmor there) subjected it wholly to himself; and by this means, being made an Earl in England, exceeded all the Nobles of the Realm in riches and power.

Now, what the particulars of this subtil and deceitful dealing were, I shall briefly tellOrd. Vit. p. • 05 C.. Yvo having begun a Rebellion in England, wherein he had done much mischief by firing some Houses of his Neighbors; and being, through the Kings excessive indignation towards him, fined at a vast sum, made his Addresses to this Earl of Mel • ent, who was the cheif of the Kings Council; hoping, by his means, to obtain some favor: Who thereupon cunningly advised him to perform a long pilgrimage; for effecting whereof, he would help him to Five hundred marks of Silver, keeping his Lands in pawn for Fifteen years; with promise, That at the end of that term, they should be wholly restored to his Son; and not only so, but that he would give him his Brothers Daughter (viz. Henry Earl of Warwick) in marriage. For the performance of which Agreement, this Earl gave his Oath, the King himself likewise assenting thereto. But in this Pilgrimage, Yvo departing the World, his Son neither enjoyed the Woman (as was promised) nor any of his Paternal Inheritance.

In 25 Hen. 1. associatingMat. West. in An. 1124. to himself Hugh de Montfort, (who had marriedMat. West. in An. 1124. Adelina his Daughter) and others, notwithstanding the former favors of King Henry to him, he entredMat. West. in An. 1124. Normandy in an hostile manner, but was encountred and taken prisonerMat. West. in An. 1124. by William de Tankervil, who delivered himMat. West. in An. 1124. up captive to the King.

Other particulars, as to his Secular actings, I have not observed: Take therefore this general Character of him from an eminent Author Epist. H. Huntend. MS. de contemp •• mundi in Bibl. Coct •• fol, 3 b.. Fuit igitur Robertus Consul, &c. This Earl Robert of Mellent, was the wisest of all Men betwixt this and Ierusalem, in Worldly affairs; famous for knowledge, plausible in speech, skilful in craft, discreetly provident, ingenuously subtile; excelling for prudence, profound in counsel, and of great wisdom; by which means, he acquired vast Possessions, viz. Honors, Cities, Castles, Town, Villages, Rivers, and Woods. The Honors he had, were not only here in England, but in Normandy and France; insomuch, as he made the Kings of England, Friends and Fo • s to each other at his pleasure. If he was displeased with any Man, he forced him to a submissive Humiliation; if pleased, he advanced him as he list: By which means he got an incredible proportion of wealth.

But in the height of all this glory, another Earl seduced his wife, which brought exceeding vexation and trouble of mind to him in his age. At last therefore, after much grief, mortal infirmities seising on him, being required by his Confessor, that he should make restitution of whatsoever he had got by Force or Fraud from any Man, and to bewail that sin with tears. He answered, If I so do, what shall I leave my Sons? To whom his Confessor replied, Let them be content with their ancient Inheritance, and with what you have justly acquired, and quit the rest, otherwise your Soul will go to Hell. No (quoth he) I will give them all, and they shall do Works of Mercy for the health of my Soul.

But notwithstanding this sharp Character, his own Works of Piety were not few nor small: For heCart. Antiq. CC. n. 21. H. Knighton, col. 2346. rebuilt the Church of our Lady in his Castle at Leicester, for the health of the Souls of King William the Conqueror, of Queen Maud his Wife; as also for the Souls of King William Rufus, King Henry the First, and Maud his Wife, with their Children: Likewise for the Souls of Roger de Bellomont his Father, and of Adelina, Wife of the said Roger. Moreover, for the health of his own Soul, and the Soul of Elizabeth his Wife; as also of the Souls of all his Children, and for the Soul of Henry, Earl of Warwick, his Brother; the Soul of Albreda his Sister, Abbess of ... and the Souls of all the faithful deceased. In which Church he placedIbid. a Dean and Canons, and for their maintenance, besides all that had anciently belonged thereto, he gave unto them six Carucates of Land, lying nigh the North Bridge, with eight dwelling Houses; and in another part, three Virgates, and three Ox-gangs; as also Six pound yearly Rent issuing out of that City. And in the Suburbs thereof, confirmedIbid. to them the Churches of Alhallows, S. Peters, and S. Martins, which Ralph Boteler had bestowed on them, in augmentation of their Prebends.

And farther, gaveIbid. them the Churches of Lileburne, with the Lands and Tithes thereto appertaining; as also three pound yearly Rent out of the Revenues of that Lordship. He likewise bestowed on them three Carucates, and one Yard Land, with a Mill, at the North Bridge, for cloathing of the sick people in their charge: So that they hadMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 312 bb. n. 60. all the Churches in Leicester, except S. Margarets, which was a Prebend of Lincoln, with five Carucates of Land on the North side of the Town; and all the Churches of the Soke of Shepesheved and Halso.

Moreover, he Founded Ibid. 375 a. n. 40. the Hospital of Brackley in Com. North.

And besides all this, gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 648 a n. 20. to the Priory of Lenton (in Com. Nott.) the Church of Winchingstone, with three Yard Land; and three Toffs and Croffs thereto belonging.

To the Abbey of Preaux in France, (the Foundation whereof was begunOrd. Vit. p. 460. C. by Humphrey de Vetulis his Grand-father, and perfectedIbid. 709 D. with large endowmentsIbid. 709 D. by Roger de Bellomont his Father) he gaveMonast Anglic. p. 598 b. • 50. & 60. Et 599 a. n. 40. the Church and Tithes of Charlenton, the Mannor of Postbiry, as also the Mannor of Tostes in Norfolk, which afterwards became a Cell to that Foreign Monastery; and likewiseEx ipso Autogr. nuper in Castello de 〈◊〉 . the Tenth of all his Rents and Revenues in Newbery.

This great Earl weddedOrd. Vit. 805 D. Isabel (by some called Elizabeth) Daughter to Hugh, Earl of Uermando • s; by whom he left issueW Gemet. 314 B. Robert his Successor in this Earldom of Leicester, and Waleran, who succeeded him in that of Mellent (both TwinsW Gemet. 314 B.;) likewise, another Son called Ord. Vit. 806 A. Et 953 C. Hugh, sirnamed Pauper, EarlOrd. Vit. 806 A. Et 953 C. of Bedford; and divers Daughters, whereof one, viz. Elizabeth wasW. Gemet. 307 A. a Concubine to King Henry the First. But at length became a Monk in the Abbey of Preaux, and departing this life upon the Nones of Iune, An. 1318. (18 Hen • . 1.) was there buried all but his heart, which was sent to Brackley, and there kept in Salt.

Of his Son Waleran, who after him enjoyed Ibid. 314 C. the Earldom of Mellent (as hath been said) with all his Land in Normandy, the substance of what I have observed, is, That in 23 〈◊〉 . 1. desertingS. Dunel. 250 • n. 40 & 50. the King, and manningS. Dunel. • 50 • . n. 40 & 50. his Castles against him, the King burntS. Dunel. • 50 • . n. 40 & 50. his Town of Brion, all but the Castle: So likewiseS. Dunel. • 50 • . n. 40 & 50. Pont-Audomare, except the Castle, which heldS. Dunel. • 50 • . n. 40 & 50. out seven weeks siege. Likewise, that he was taken prisonerW. Gemet. 302 B. in fight, near Burgh-Turold. 7 Kal. April. 14 Hen. 1. and keptOrd. Vit. 37 • D. in durance full five years; and that being set atW Gemet. 302 C. liberty, he was not trusted with any of his Castles. Moreover, that adhering to King Stephen, against Maud the Empress (with whom he wasH. Hunt, • 24 a n. 10 & 20. R Hoved. 279 a n. 40. in the Battle of Lincoln, 6 Steph. ) he sharedH. Hunt. • 24 a n. 10 & 20. R Hoved. 279 a. n. 40. in that unhappy success, which the King then had. Next, that in 10 Steph. he tookChro. Nor. 982 C. upon him the Cross, and wentChro. Nor. 982 C. to Ierusalem on Pilgrimage. After this, that King Stephen fell in dislike with him, and in the Fifteenth of His Reign, tookH. Hun • . 226 A. n. 50. from him, by Assault, the City of Worcester, (which he had givenH. Hun • . 226 A. n. 50. him) and reducedH. Hun • . 226 A. n. 50. it to Ashes.

And that, about two years after, he was taken prisonerChr. Nor. 989 C & D. by his Nephew, Robert de Montfort, and shutChr. Nor. 989 C & D. up in the Castle of Orbec; where his own Soldiers endeavored his rescueChr. Nor. 989 C & D. by a siege, but in vain: So that he could not obtain his liberty, till he had rendredChr. Nor. 989 C & D. the Castle of Montfort unto him.

Furthermore, that he was betrothedIbid. unto a Daughter of King Stephens, when she was but two years old.

And lastly, that he left issue, a Son calledR. Hoved. 〈◊〉 a. n. 10 Ilud. b. n. 30. Robert, Earl of Mellent, who was excommunicated R. Hoved. 〈◊〉 a. n. 10 Ilud. b. n. 30. by the Pope, for adhering to Iohn, Earl of Moreton, against Richard his Brother, King of England.

Of Hugh, the youngest Son of this Robert, Earl of Leicester, to whom King Stephen gave Gesta Regis 〈◊〉 953 C. the Earldom of Bedford, with the Daughter of Milo de Beauchamp, upon the expulsion of Milo: Being a person remissIbid. and negligent himself, and committingIbid. the custody of that Castle to Milo; he fellIbid. from the dignity of an Earl, to the state of a Knight; and, in the end, toIbid. miserable poverty.

¶I come now to Robert, calledMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 313. n 60. Bossu, Robert Bossu. the eldest Son to this last mentioned Robert, who (after him) enjoyed this Earldom of Leicester, and all his Lands in England. This Robert, stoutly adheredOrd. Vit. 851 B. to King Henry the First, upon all occasions; and wasIbid 901 C. with him at his death in An. 1135. at the Castle of Lions in France.

Betwixt this Earl and Roger de Toney, (a great Man in Normandy) was such animosity, as that, at length, it brokeIbid. 903 C. out into open hostility; and thereuponIbid. 905 A. burning and destruction of Toneys Houses, and wasting his Lands.

Being in Normandy with King Stephen, in An. 1137. (2 Steph.) and hearingIbid. 911 D. of those troubles which then grew in England, he attended Ibid. 911 D. him thither.

In An. 1139. (4 Steph.) he wasIbid. 919 D. one of those that rose up against Roger, Bishop of Saresbury, (that Potent Man in King Henry the First's time) and at Oxford, killingIbid. 919 D. many of that Bishops servants, tookIbid. 919 D. him and the Bishop of Lincoln prisoners.

But after this he stoutly adheredIbid. to the Anjovins against King Stephen; yet, ere long fell off again, and grew in such favor with the King, that he obtained a GrantEx Registro MS. in Offi • io Ducat. Lanc. sub titulo Heref. of the Borough, Castle, and whole County of Hereford, excepting the Lands of the Bishop and Abbeys there, and excepting the Fees of Hugh de Mortimer, Osbert Fitz-Hugh, William de Braose; as also those of Gotsone de Dinan, which belonged to Hugh de Laci; and in case he would prevail against Gotsone, then to hold that clearly. Notwithstanding all which, in An. 1151. (16 Steph.) he wasJoh. Hagustald. 27 • a. l. • . one of those Nobles who met Henry, Duke of Normandy, at his first arrival in England, and suppliedGerv. Dorobern. 1373. n. 10. him with necessaries: Whereupon no less then Thirty fortified Castles were soon yieldedGerv. Dorobern. 1373. n. 10. to his obedience; and grew in such high esteem with him, after his attaining the Crown of this Realm, that he advanced him to that great OfficeMat. Paris, in An. 1163. (9 Hen. 2.) p. 99. of Iustice of • ngland.

In 10 Hen. 2. he wasRx Regist. Archiep. Cant. one of the Witnesses to that Recognition which the King then made of the Peoples Liberties; and the same year interceded R Hoved. 282 b. Gerv. Dorobern. 1393, 1392 n. 60. & 1393. with the King on the behalf of Thomas Beck • t, Archbishop of Canterbury. The next ensuing year, he was sentR. Hoved. 283 a. n 30. to bring him to Court; but finding him sick in Bed, was again sentIbid. 283 b. n. 40. to let him know, That the Barons had pronounced Sentence for his Imprisonment.

About this time, when Reginald, Archbishop of • ologne, (who hadMat. Paris, An. • 165. p 104. n. 30 & 40. fomented that Schism of Octavian against Pope Alexander) cameMat. Paris, An. • 165. p 104. n. 30 & 40. into England, to treat of a marriage betwixt Henry, Duke of Saxony, and Maud the King of Englands Daughter; it is saidMat. Paris, An. • 165. p 104. n. 30 & 40., That, though other of the Nobles went to meet him solemnly: This Earl, being then Justice of 〈◊〉 , would not give any respect to him, because he stood excommunicate by the Pope.

Thus much as to his Secular Dealings, whereunto that famous paction, made betwixt Ranulph, then Earl of Chester, and him; which farther demonstrateth his power and greatness, may be added, whereof I have exhibited the tenor in my Discourse of that Earl.

But after all this, in An. 1173. (14 Hen. 2.) upon what occasion I find not, certain it is; that then, rebellingM. Westm. in eodem anno. against King Henry, he was takenM. Westm. in eodem anno. prisoner, his City of Leicester wastedM. Westm. in eodem anno., and the Wall thereof (of extraordinary strength) utterly demolishedM. Westm. in eodem anno.

Lastly, touching his Works of Piety, it is evident, that they were exceeding great and many, far beyond those of his Father. For in An. 1143. (8 Steph.) by the consentH. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 308 b. n. 20. of Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln, he FoundedH. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 308 b. n. 20. that opulent and goodly Abbey for Canons Regular of S. Augustines Order, called De Pratis, in the Suburbs of Leicester, in honor of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, and amply endowed it; partly H. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 308 b. n. 20. with the Possessions which his Father had bestowed on those Secular Canons, by him Founded within the Castle of Leicester, (as hath been already observed) but withH. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 308 b. n. 20. much more of his own proper gift.

Likewise, he FoundedH. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anlic. Vol. 2. 768 a n. 30 the Abbey of • erondon in Leicestershire, for Cistercian Monks; and the Monastery of Nun-Eat • n H. Knighton, ut supra Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 518 a n. 20. & 518 b. n. 30. in Com. Warr. for Nuns: As also the Priory of Luffield Monast Anglic. V • l. 1. 5 • 0 b. n. 40. in Com. North. for Monks of S. Benedicts Order; all which, he liberally endowed with Lands, and ample Revenues.

And besides this, to the Monks of S. Ebrulfs at Utica in Normandy, he was a special Benefactor; freeingMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 967 a. n. 20. them from the payment of Tithes for their Lands and Improvements in Leicestershire; as well in the Forest of Leicester, as elswhere, acquittingMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 967 a. n. 20. them for any Herbage or Paunage for an hundred Hogs, either in that Forest, or other inclosed Lands. He likewise gaveIbid. n. 40. unto them nine Burgages within the Walls of Leicester, and five without; with the Tithes of all his own Demesn Lands in that Town: AlsoIbid. n. 40. the Churches of Belgrave and • lenfeud, with two Yard Land, the Chappels of Branteston and Keteby, with the Tithes and other Appurtenances in Yrkinfeld. In Rothby Ibid. n. 50 & 60., he gave them two parts of the Tithes of the two Halls there; in Humberston Ibid. n. 50 & 60., the like of the two Halls there, and one Yard Land; inIbid. n. 50 & 60. Evington, Ygwarby, S • leby, Thorp-Ernald, Brantingsby, Waltham, Wikingeston, and Houtheby, the Tithes of the whole Demesn.

To the Abbey of Lira (likewise in Normandy) he gaveEx vet • st. Cartular. Liren • is Caenobil penès Andr. d • Chesne. the Church of Warham, and one Hide of Land there; as alsoMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 603 b. n 60. & 604 a. the Church of Hinkley, with the Chappels of 〈◊〉 and Dadlington in Com. Leicest. The Church of Eaton, with the Chappel of Attlebu • g • in Com. Warr. The Church of Sibbesdune, with the Chappels of Widerdesley, A •• etune, Huptone, and Draitone; and also the Church of Hecham, with the Chappel of Lindley in Comit. Leicest. Whereupon those Monks made Hinkley, a Cell to that Foreign Monastery.

To the Monks of Bec in Normandy, he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 954 b. n. 30. the Lordship of Chinchebirick. To the Nuns of Godstow in Com. Oxon. he gave Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 525 b. n. 50. Three pound per annum in Halso.

To the Canons of Sulby in Com. North. he grantedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 630. n. 30. Fewel for their Fire, out of his Wood called Ighey, as much as they could carry with one Cart, twice every day, from Easter till Michaelmass, with freedom of Toll, for whatsoever they should buy or sell in the Market at Leicester.

And to the Knights Templars he gaveIbid. 539 • ▪ n. 30. a mark yearly Rent issuing out of the Mill at Scheravene.

He took to Wife Amicia, DaughterW. Gemet. 269 D. 300 A. Ord. Vit. 867 D▪ • of Raphe de Waet, Earl of Norfolk, by Emma, Daughter W. Gemet. 269 D. 300 A. Ord. Vit. 867 D▪ • of William Fitz-Osberne, Earl of Hereford. Which Amicia after the death of William de Bretvil, her Uncle, viz. Son of William Fitz-Osbern, broughtW. Gemet. 269 D. 300 A. Ord. Vit. 867 D▪ • Lira, Glot, Bretvil, and a great part of those Lands which William Fitz-Osbern had in Normandy, to the before specified Robert, Earl of Leicester, her Uncle. But after a while, she quittedEx Registr • Regio Reg. Francis. all her interest in Bretvil to Philip, King of France, in exchange for the Castle of S. Leodegar in Aquiline, and all Aqui •• ne.

By this Amicia he had issue Robert his Successor in this Earldom, and two Daughters, viz. ... WifeChro. Norm. 987 D. to Simon, Earl of Huntendon; and Hawise marriedMonast. Anglic. vol. 1. 155. b. n. 30. to William, Earl of Glocester.

Which Amicia gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 986. n. 20. to the Monks of Lira one ounce of Gold at Pont S. Piere in Normandy; as alsoIbid. • . 30. Fifteen shilling sterling yearly for the health of the Soul of William de Bretvil her Brother. On the Canons of Leicester, she bestowedIbid. 309. n. 60. Lands of Four pounds per annum value in Everlas. And by the censentH. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. • . 313 • . n. 10. of the Earl her Husband, after he tookH. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. • . 313 • . n. 10. the habit of a Canon Regular in the Abbey of Leicester (so Founded by him, as hath been observed) became a Nun H. Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Mon. Anglic. Vol. • . 313 • . n. 10. in the Monastery of Nun-Eat • n.

I now come to the death of this great Earl, of whom it is saidH. Knighton, 2346. n. 10., That he lived Fifteen years a Canon Regular in Leicester Abbey; and there departing this life in that habit, in An. 1167. (14 Hen. 2.) was buriedH. Knighton, 2346. n. 10. on the South side of the Quire. Unto all, of which, I know not how to assent, in regard it is apparent from good authorities (already observed) that he exercise Secular imployments for the greatest part of that time, and that he diedR. Hoved. 29 • b. n. 20. 〈◊〉 of England the very same year. To reconcile therefore this seeming contradiction, I shall rather suppose, That, though he assumed the habit of a Canon in that Abbey so long before, whereby he had the more immediate benefit of all the devout Suffrage, Fastings, and Alms of that Regular Covent: Yet, for the better service to the Publick (considering that eminent place of Judicature wherein he sate) he was dispenced with, as to the strict observance of the Rule, in being Cloistered up as others were.

To him succeeded in this Earldom,Robert Blanchmaines. Robert, his Son and Heir, calledH Knighton, 2346. n. 20. Robert Blanchmaines (by reason of his White Hands, as it seemeth) who throughOrd. Vit. 988 D. & 867 D. W. Gemet. 299 D. & 300 A. Chro Nor. 982 D. the Right of his Grand-mother Emme, Wife of William Fitz-Osberne, Earl of Hereford, after the death of William de Bretvil, her Brother; enjoyedOrd. Vit. 988 D. & 867 D. W. Gemet. 299 D. & 300 A. Chro Nor. 982 D. Li • a, Glot, with the whole Honor of Bretvil, and other Lands of his.

This Robert in his Fathers life time, upon the death of William de Pacy, entredSigeb Gemblac. MS. in Bibl. Deuves. 170 b. the Castle of Pacy, which belonged to the Honor of Bretvil; whereunto he was right Heir to his Mother (as hath been observed.)

In An. 1173. (19 Hen. 2.) adheringMatth. Paris, in eodem an. pd 127. n. 40. to young Henry (whom King Henry the Second had Crowned in his life time) in that Rebellion against his Father, he borrowedRad. de Diceto, 570. n. 10. what Money he could, and got License to go be • ond Sea: And though he then madeRed. de Diceto, 570. n. 10. Oath to be loyal to the King; yet when he got thither, he nothing Rad. de Diceto, 570. n. 10. minded his promise. For which respect, the King marchedR. Hoved. 306. n. 10. with a great power to his Castle of Bretvil (whence he fledR. Hoved. 306. n. 10. upon his approach) and setR. Hoved. 306. n. 10. it on fire. Moreover, commanding Mat. Paris, pag. 128. n. 10. that his Town of Leicester should be laid waste; it was besiegedMat. Paris, pag. 128. n. 10., and the greatest part of it burntMat. Paris, pag. 128. n. 10., the Inhabitants having leaveMat. Paris, pag. 128. n. 10. for Txshree hundred pound to go whether they would.

Whereof having intelligence, he hasted • ad. de D • ceto, 573. n. 40 & 50. to the Port of Whitsand (in Flanders) and thence into • ad. de D • ceto, 573. n. 40 & 50. England, with a great power of Normans and Flemings; landing • ad. de D • ceto, 573. n. 40 & 50. at Walton in Suffolk, upon the third Kalend of October, and attempted • ad. de D • ceto, 573. n. 40 & 50. the Castle there; which, being situate upon a Mount; notwithstanding all his endeavor for full four days, and the help of Hugh Bigot, Earl of Norfolk to boot, he could • ad. de D • ceto, 573. n. 40 & 50. not win. Whereupon he marched to Hagenet, tookIbid. 574. that Castle, and burnt it, forcing thirty Soldiers, whom he found therein, to redeemIbid. 574. themselves.

Thence toIbid▪ Framingham Castle, the Seat of that Earl of Norfolk, but being too burthensome Ibid▪ to him, by hisistay there, and 〈◊〉 Ibid▪ to his Lady, he resolvedIbid▪ for Leicester, leaving S. Edmundsbury on his left hand: In which passage, being encountred by those Forces of the Kings, who lay in that part of the Countrey for the defence thereof; after a sharp fight, his Army was totallyIbid▪ • outed, and himself, with his Countess, taken prisonersIbid▪ ; who wearing a Ring on her Finger, with a Stone of great value in it, out of indignation threwIbid▪ it into a River, that her Enemies might not have it.

But this Story, being otherwise toldJor. val. 1089. in An. 1173) 〈◊〉 H. 2. Videsis etiam • erv. Dorobe •• . • 42 • . n. 20 & 30. by the Monks of Iorevaux, I shall also deliver it in his words.

Upon the Treaty (saith he) had betwixt Gisorz and • rias, for composing that difference betwixt King Henry, and Henry his Son Crowned King in his life time) which broke off without success. This Earl (taking part with young Henry, to whom also the King of France adhered) was sent by the King of France, and young Henry, with a great power of Flemings into England; and there arriving about the Feast of S. Luke, by the help of Hugh Bigo • plundred No • wich, at that time destitute of a Garison; and thence marched to the Port of Donwich, where finding that the Inhabitants stood stoutly upon their guard, he went to • ageneth; and after some days siege, took that Castle, whereof Ranulph de Broc was then Governor. After which success, having much confidence in his numbers, he resolved to march to Leicester; but hearing of great Forces at S. Edmundsbury, he hasted to Fran • ngham Castle (the Seat at that time of Hugh Bigot, Earl of Norfolk) and there made stay for certain days, whereof tidings being brought to Richard de Lucy (then Iustice of England ) and Humphrey de Bohun, Constable of England, (who were then on their march with a powerful Army towards Scotland, with purpose to waste that Countrey, having burnt the Town of • arwick, and the parts thereabouts) they forthwith made a Truce with the King of Scotland till the Feast of S. Hillary ensuing; and hasted with all speed towards S. Edmundsbury, expecting this our Earl there, who still continued at Framingham. But he, purposing for Lelcester, passing with his Army near S. Edmundsbury (over Fornham Marsh, not far from the Church of S. Genevose) was encountred by Humphrey Bohun, Reginald, Earl of Cornwal, and William, Earl of Arundel, with Three hundred stout Men, well armed, carrying the Banner of S. Edmund before them; and after a sharp skirmish taken prisoner, with his Wife, and Hugh de Castel, (a Nobleman of France) his whole Army being utterly routed.

The news where of being brought to King Henry, then in Normandy, he sentJorva • 1090. for him thither, and imprisoned him at Falets, with Hugh, Earl of Chester (then also in restraint for his Rebellious practises.) Of which imprisonment, when his Soldiers at Leicester heard, they grew so enraged, that they much infested Ibid. n. 30. Ibid. 109 • ▪ n. 2 • . the whole Countrey adjacent; and taking advantage of the InvasionIbid. n. 30. Ibid. 109 • ▪ n. 2 • ., which the King of Scots had then made into Northumberland, they marchedIbid. n. 30. Ibid. 109 • ▪ n. 2 • . to Northampton, under the command of Ankitel Mallore, at that time Governor of Leicester; and after a sharpe fight with the Burgers there, and all the strength they had (wherein▪ they slewIbid. Two hundred) returned Ibid. to Leicester, with the Plunder of that Town.

But, not long after this, the King of Scots having such an opportunityR. Hoved. 307 b. n., 10. by those disturbances, sentR. Hoved. 307 b. n., 10. his Brother David to take part with those Soldiers, belonging to this Earl, who then held Leicest • r; howbeit, beforeIbid. they could get thither, Reginald, Earl of Comwal, and Richard de Lucy, with a strong power, had entred Ibid. that Town, and burntIbid. it totally, excepting the Castle.

After which, within a short time, King Henry returning into England, broughtIbid. 308 a. n. 30. this Earl (and the Earl of • hester with him) and having takenIbid. b. n. 40 • into his hands his Castles of Leicester, Monfort, and 〈◊〉 , hastedIbid. b. n. 40 • back into France, again carryingIbid. b. n. 40 • them both with him; still continuingIbid. b. n. 40 • them in custody, first at • aen, and afterwards at • ale •• .

Nevertheless, within few years following, viz. inIb. 320 a. n. 30. An. 1177. (23 Hen. 2.) in that great Council then held at Northampto • , after the Feast of S. Hillary, he was receivedIb. 320 a. n. 30. into the Kings favor; all his Lands (both in 〈◊〉 . and elswhere) being restoredIb. 320 a. n. 30. to him, excepting Ib. 320 a. n. 30. the Castles of Montsorei in Com. Lei • . and Pa •• in Normandy.

After which, intending, • x Cod. MS. penès Andr. du Cheine. a Pilgrimage to Ierusalem. he caused enquiry • x Cod. MS. penès Andr. du Cheine. to be made by all his Tenants and Officers, what Rights and Liberti • s the Monks of 〈◊〉 had in his Forest of 〈◊〉 : whereby it being found • x Cod. MS. penès Andr. du Cheine. that they ought to have the Titles of all the Issues and Revenues thereof; he confirmed • x Cod. MS. penès Andr. du Cheine. them all, and gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 176 a. his Lordship of 〈◊〉 , to the Canons of S. Fridiswide in Oxford; and to the I • id. 510. 10 b. n. 60. Knights Hospitalers, his Town and Church of Bro • esburne.

And surviving King Henry, stood in good favor with King Richard the First, who soon restored R. Hoved. 373 b. to him all other his Lands and Castles, which were detained, appointing him to carry Ibid. 374 • . n. 30. one of the Swords of State at his solemn Coronation.

This Earl took to WifeMon. Anglic. Vol. a. 45 • . n. 10 & 20. 11. H. Knighton, 2346. n. 30. Petronil, the Daughter of Hugh de Grentemesnil, with whom he had Mon. Anglic. Vol. • . 45 • n. 10 & 20. H. Knighton, 2346. n. 30. the whole Honor of H • nkley, and Stewardship of England. AtMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 967b. n. 40. whose request, and the intreaty of William, Robert, and Roger his Sons; as alsoMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 967b. n. 40. at the desire of Amicia, Countess of Rochfort, his Daughter, he ratifiedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 967b. n. 40. to the Monks of S. Ebrulfs (in 〈◊〉 ) the Grants of all their Lands given to them by Hugh de Grentemesnil, Great Grand-father to the said Petronil, and by William Fitz-Osberne, his own Ancestor.

And departingH. Knighton, n. 50. this life, in his return from Ierusalem, at Duras in Greece, An. 1190. (2 Rich. 1.) was there buriedH. Knighton, n. 50., leaving i •• ue Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2 454 a. n. 20. three Sons, viz. Robert Fitz-Parnel, who succeeded him in this Earldom; Roger, Bishop of S. Andrews in Scotland; and William a Leper, Founder of the Hospital of S. Leonards at •• cester; as also two Daughters, viz. Ibid. Amicia, married to Simon de Montfort, and Margaret, to Saier de Quincy.

Which Petronil, gaveMonast Anglic. Vol. 2. 985 b. n. 50. Forty shillings Rent per annum out of her Mills at 〈◊〉 , for the performance of an Anniversary for William de Bretvil her Son.

And in 6 Ioh, paidRot. Fin. 6 Joh. • . 10. Rot. Pip. 6 Joh. Warw & Leic. Three thousand marks to the King that she might enjoy Leicester with its appurten •• ces; as also, all the Fees and Demesns belonging to the Honor of Grentmesml, both within Leicestershire, and without, as her Right by Inheritance ProvidedRot. Fin. 6 Joh. • . 10. Rot. Pip. 6 Joh. Warw & Leic., that all the Norman Lands of that Fee, and the House of Withwick would be disposed to whom the King pleased, giving Pledges for his faithful service to him.

I come next to Robert Fitz-Parnel.

In An. 1191. (3 Rich. 1.)Robert Fitz-Parnel. this Robert Fitz-Parnel, being atR. Hoved. 391. a. 40. M • ssana, in his journey to the Holy Luild, on the Eve of the Purification of our Lady, was invested into this his Fathers Earldom of Leicester, by King Richard, with the cincture of a Sword.

After this, whilestJorval. 1254. n. 20. Gerv. Derobern. 1582. n. 20. King Richard was held Captive by the Emperor, the King of France having entredJorval. 1254. n. 20. Gerv. Derobern. 1582. n. 20. N • rmandy with an Army; takenJorval. 1254. n. 20. Gerv. Derobern. 1582. n. 20. divers strong Holds there, and marched Jorval. 1254. n. 20. Gerv. Derobern. 1582. n. 20. to 〈◊〉 , the cheif City of that Province. This Earl then being there, excitedJorval. 1254. n. 20. Gerv. Derobern. 1582. n. 20. the Inhabitants to a stout defence thereof, which they (through his influence) so well performed, that the King of France soon retreatedJorval. 1254. n. 20. Gerv. Derobern. 1582. n. 20. without effecting any thing at that time.

After this he joynedR. Hoved. 421 a. • . 50 with Iohn (Earl of More • on) Brother to King Richard, and others then at Roan, against the King of France; but going out in the night time upon a design against the Enemy, he was, through unweariness takenR. Hoved. 421 a. • . 50 prisoner.

Whereupon, in An. 1195. (7 Rich. 1.) he offeredIbid. 4 •• . n. 40. a thousand pound sterling for his redemption, and to quit his Castle of Pacy for ever, but withoutIbid. 4 •• . n. 40. effect: Howbeit, the year following, obliging himself by solemnIbid. 435 • . n. 40. Oath and Pledges, in Two thousand marks of Silver (Troy weight) that the King of France should quietly enjoy that Castle, and that he would never disturb his possesion thereof, other than in a publick War betwixt the King of England, and that King, he was setIbid. 435 • . n. 40. at liberty.

All that I have farther seen of him, is, That King Iohn in the fifth of His Rei •• gaveCart. & Liberatae. 5 Joh. m. 9. him all • ichmundshire, with the Forest and Knights Fees thereto belonging, in as ample manner as the Earl of Richmund held the same, exceptingCart. & Liberatae. 5 Joh. m. 9. only the Castles of Richmund and Boves. And that, having wedded Lauretta, DaughterTesta de Nevil Devon. to William Lord Braose of Brembr • , (with whom he hadTesta de Nevil Devon., in marriage, the Lordship of Taustoke in Com. Devon. and Twenty three Knights Fees) after his pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where (bearing the Arms of King Richard) having unhorsed and slain the Souldan in a Tourneament, he returnedH. Knighton, 2346. n. 50. into England; and not long after, viz. An. 1204. (6 Ioh.) departingIbid. Ex Rot. penès Thes. & Camer. Scace. this life, was buriedIbid. Ex Rot. penès Thes. & Camer. Scace. in the Abbey of Leicester, before the High Altar, betwixt his Mother and his Grand-father, leaving Ibid. n 50 & 60. all that great Inheritance, which he had from his Ancestors, to his two Sisters, viz. Amicia, the Wife of Simon de Montfort, and Margaret, of Saier de Quinci; betwixt whom it being dividedIbid. n 50 & 60., Simon hadIbid. n 50 & 60. the moity of the Earldom of Leicester, with the Honor of Hi • k • e • , for the Purparty of Amicia; and being thereupon created Earl of Leicester, enjoyed Ibid. & 2347. the Stewardship of England, in right of that Honor of 〈◊〉 ; Saier de Quincy having Ibid. & 2347. the other half of this Earldom, who was shortly after made EarlIbid. & 2347. of Winchester.

This Amicia by her DeedEx Registro 〈◊〉 R. 〈◊〉 , Pans, n. 7., bearing date at Paris ... in An. 1204. (6 Ioh.) soon after her Brothers death, gave up all her right in the Castle of Bretvil, and whatsoever else the Earl her Brother had on that side the Sea, unto Philip the Second, then King of France; Covenanting, if her Sister (Margaret) then the Wife of Saier de Quincy, should in any sort oppose that her Grant, That she would make satisfaction for it, unto that King, out of her Lands in England; in consideration whereof, the King gave her the Castle of S. Leodegar in Aq •••• e, and all Aquitine; and whatsoever belonged to the Constablewick of that Castle, excepting the Fee of William de Galland, and the Fee of Iohn de Robriet.

Of Lauretta, the Widow of this Earl, it appears, that she gaveMonast. Anglic Vol. 2. 438 b. n. 20. & 30. to the Hospital of Bocland in Com. Somers. to find a Priest to sing Mass daily at the Altar of our Lady, in the great Church there; for the health of her Soul, and for the Soul of Robert, Earl of Leicester, her sometime Husband, their Ancestors and Successors: All her Lands in N • teston and Ynesford, on both sides the Water; as also, Threescore and four Acres of her Demesn upon Ruwedone; and moreover, all her Lands of Rudescote, Hele, Choriecote, ••• ecote, and Boteburne: Likewise, A hundred Acres of his Demesn in Brennesmore, his Wood called Ancrewd; and one Furlong at • oycher with all the Appurtenances within the Lordship of Tausto • e.

Likewise, that in 16 Ioh. she made OathCart. 16 Joh. n 34. to the King, That she would never marry without his consent; and that afterwards she became an AnchoreteEx Praef Rot • lo penès Thes. & Camer Scac • . in bagâ de Inquis & Tenuris. at Ha • kungcon near 〈◊〉 , where she continued a Recluse till her death.

William de Meschines.

THis William, being BrotherMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 986 a n 60. to Ranulph (the first of that name) Earl of Chester, enjoyed by the giftIbid. • 00 a n 10. Testa de Nevil. of King William the Conqueror, all that part of the County of Cumberland, lying betwixt the Rivers of Dudene and • arwent, commonly called • oupland. It is elswhere said, that it was by the gift of King Henry the First. And had issue a SonEx Col. R. G • S. called Ranulph, who died in his life time, as it seems; as also a Daughter called Cecily, marriedMonast. Ang •• c. Vol. 2. 100 b n. 20. to Robert de Romely, Lord of Skipton in Craven. Which Robert and Cecily were FoundersIbid. n. 10. of a certain Religious House in those parts, called Emesey, for Canons Regular of S. Augustine (afterwards translatedIbid. 101 a. n. 50. to • o • ton) and had issueEx Col. R. Gl S. two Sons, Ranulph and Matthew, who both died issuless, and one Daughter Mon Anglic. Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 b. n. • 20 & 30. called Alice, WifeMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 b. n. • 20 & 30. of William Fitz-Duncan, Earl of Murref in Scotland, Nephew to Malcolm, King of that Realm.

Which William Fitz-Duncan hast issueIbid. n. 30. & 40. by her one Son, called William, who died young; and three Daughters, viz. Ibid. n. 30. & 40. Cecily, first married Rot. Pip. 29 H 3 Ebo • . to Alexander Fitz-Gerald, and afterwardsMonast Anglic. Vol. 2. n 30. to William le Gross • Earl of Albema •• e, to whom she brought the Honor of Skipton, being her Purparty of the Inheritance. Secondly, Amabil, the WifeIbid. • . 40▪ of Reginald de Lucy, who had the Honor of Egremond as herIbid. n. 40▪ Purparty: And Alice, first marriedIbid. to Gilbert Pipar • , who had Ibid. with her all Aspatrick, with the Barony of Allerdaie, and Liberty of Cocke •••• ; and afterwardsIbid. to Robert de Courtney, but died Ibid. without issue.

But I return to William de Meschines, of whom, the substance of what I find memorable, is, That he FoundedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 395. n. 10. the little Monastery of S. Bega, commonly called S. Bees in Coupland, (which was a CeilMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 395. n. 10. to that of S. Mary at York,) and gaveIbid. 986. n. 60. to the Monks of S. Werburg at Che • ter, the Church of D •• sato (in North Wales.)

And of Cecily his Wife, that, forEx Col. R. 〈…〉 the health of the Soul of William de Me • chines her Husband; as alsoEx col. R. 〈…〉 the Souls of Ranulph and Matthew her Sons, she gaveEx col. R. 〈…〉 to the Canons of Eme • ey, her whole Lordship of Ch • ldewic • , Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 102 b. n. 30 with the MillMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 102 b. n. 30 and Soke thereof; likewise, that Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 102 b. n. 30 of •••• esdon and also thoseEx Col. R. Gl. S. at • arwood, with the Sute thereto.

Moreover, of 〈◊〉 de Romely their Daughter (for so she was called, though Wife of William Fitz-Duncan) that in 1 Hen. 2. she translated Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 101a n 50. the Canons of Eme • ey to • ol • on; and gaveMonast. Anglic Vol 1. 758 b n. 30 & 40. to the Monks of Fountaines in Com. Ebor. the moity of her Mill at 〈◊〉 , and a Toft in 〈◊〉 . Likewise, that she gaveIbid. 655 a • n. 40 & 50 to the Monks at Pontefract, one Carucate of Land, and an House in Broctune, for the healthIbid. 655 a • n. 40 & 50 of the Soul of William Fitz-Duncan her Husband, and all her Ancestors Souls; As alsoMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 202 b. n 60. & 203 a. free Chase in all her Lands and Woods within her Fee; with libertyMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 202 b. n 60. & 203 a. to Hunt, and take all manner of Wild Beasts there. Furthermore, that she bestowed on them the tenth of all the Deer taken within her own Lands and Chases in • raven. As alsoIbid. a certain peece of Ground in each of her Lordships, for to make a GrangeIbid. for their Tithes, with Common Ibid. of Pasture for their Cattle, together with her own, in all her Woods, Moors, and Fields, during the whole time of Autumn.

And beingClaus. 17 Edw. 2. m. 32. Lady of Skipton Castle, ordained Claus. 17 Edw. 2. m. 32., That the perpetual Chaplain celebrating Divine Service every day in the Chappel there, should, in augmentation of his maintenance, receive for every Twelve weeks, one Quarter of Wheat, and Thirteen shilling four pence yearly, upon Christmass day, for his Robe; out of the Rents of that Castle and Mannor.

Vesci.

AMongst other the valiant Normans, that assisted Duke William in his Conquest of England, Robert. were Robert and • vo de Vesci, as may seem from those favors which both of them obtained from his munificent hand. For Robert, at the time of the General Survey, was found 〈…〉 to possess the Lordships of 〈◊〉 in Com. Northam. 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 in com. Warr. Helpericham, 〈◊〉 , Bran • une, Rosby, Suaniton, Steveninges, and Hechinton, in Com. Lincoln. And Morton, Scenton, Cleveliord, Godmundelay, Sancton, Torp, Basurd, Cliburne, and Newton, in Com. Leic.

Nor had Yvo any less;Yvo. for it being the Policy of the Conqueror, as well by fair means to secure what he had gotten by the Sword, as by Force and Power; he bestowedEsc. 8 Ed. 2. n. 63. on him the Daughter and sole Heir to William Tyson, Lord of Alnwike in Northumberland, and of Malton in Yorkshire (two large Baronies) both of them belonging to Gilbert Tison his Father, slainIbid. in Battle on the part of King Harold. Which Yvo gaveMonast Anglic Vol. 1. 388 a. n. 60. to the Monks of S. Maries in York, two Carucates of Land lying in Gilling in Ridaie, and isEx Vet. Cartulario penès Car. Fairfex. de Menstas in Com. Ebor. Ar. fol. 114b. the very same person, whom King Henry the Second, in his Confirmation of the Castle and Barony of Alnwike unto William his Grand-son (viz. Son of Eustace Fitz-Iohn by Beatrice Monast. Anglic Vol. 2, 592 b. n. 50. his Daughter and sole Heir) called Iohn; but by reason that his Mother became so great an Inheritrix, assumed the sirname of Vesci.

As to the Parentage of Eustace Fitz-Iohn, Eus • a • e Fitz-Iohn. all I have seen, is, That he wasIbid. Nephew and Heir. to Serio de Burgh, the Founder 〈…〉 n. 20. of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Castle in Com. 〈◊〉 . And that Iohn, his Father, was 〈◊〉 Ex Coll. R. Gl. S. Mono • ulus, in regard he had but one eye. For as much therefore, as those who afterwards bore the name of Vesci, are thus lineally descended from this Eustace, I shall here take notice of what is most memorable touching him.

An old HistorianA. lred us Rieval. col. 343. l. 5., who lived in that time, saith, That he was one of the cheifest Peers of England, and of intimate familiarity with King Henry the First; as also, a Person of great Wisdom, and singular Judgment in Counsels. Which character of him, is not like to be fictitious, in regard he had such vast Possessions bestowed on him by that King, viz. Ex Praef. Cartular. penès C. Fairfax. • 114 b. The Mill at Warnet; also Bodele and Spilsham, with their Appurtenances; and all the Fee of Ralph de Gaugi, id est, Ellingham, Docford, Elwike, and Heyton: Likewise, Neeforton, with its Appurtenances; and Morton, and Burgton, with theirs, (which did belong to Walter Fitz-Eld, and Eylam his Brother) together with Winton, Caldebeck, and Ravenstandale; and all the Fee and Service of Payne de Mesnilwarine. Moreover, all those Eleven Carucates of Land, and the Service of Serlo de Burgh, viz. In the two Steinleys four Carucates, in Branton four, in Cayton one, in Sothsack one, in Killinghale one, in Burton six, and in Walington two.

LikewiseEx Praef. Cartular. penès C. Fairfax. • 114 b. divers Lands and Tenements in the City of York; and whatsoever he held of David, King of Scotland, or of Earl Henry his Son, as well in Demesn, as in Knights Fees. Also, what he held of the Archbishop of Yo • k, and of his Fee, as well in Demesn, as in Knights Fees. Furthermore, all that he held of the Fee of the Bishop of Duresm, viz. Weltesale, and Landmot, with the two • hiltons, and the Fee and Service of Geffrey Escoland, and Richard Fitz-Pain; with whatsoever else he held of the same Bishop, and of the Fee of the Earl of Richmund.

Likewise Ellerton, and all the Fee and Service of Thorfine, the Son of Robert de Manefield. Also Canefield, with the Appurtenances; and whatever else he held of that Earls Fee.

MoreoverEx Praef. Cartular. penès C. Fairfax. • 114 b. all that he held of the Fee of Roger de Moubray, as well in Demesn, as otherwise; and also of William Fossard, and of his Fee; of William Paganel, and his Fee; and of the Earl of Albemarie and his, viz. in Nid, three Carucates, in Newton one, in Hewike two, and in Weffwike four. Likewise, what • oever he held of the Fee of Roger de Clere, viz. Brompton, with its Appurtenances; and of the Fee of Gilbert de Gant, viz. Parteney, with its Appurtenances; as also, of the Fee of the Abbess of Barking, and Earl of Chester. Whatsoever likewise he held in Heungeby, with all the Fee and Service of Roger de Beauchamp of Riby: All the Fee and Service of Raph, the Son of Begon, and of Wrath; all the Fee and Service of Henry de Campain of Catenay; and lastly, the whole Fee and Service of William de Saillay.

And besides all this, he was by that King made Joh. Hagu •• ald. col. 261. n. 30. Governor of the Castle of Bamburgh, in Northumberland; and others in those Northern parts.

But after the death of King Henry, when Stephen began to Reign, the Scene was altered; for that King, considering (as it is like) in what esteem he had been with King Henry, and therefore suspecting that he would be more cordial to Maud the Empress (the rightful Heir to her Father) than to him, who was in truth but an usurper, tookJoh. Hagu •• ald. col. 261. n. 30. from him the Governorship of Bamborough, and those other Castles; which gave him such distaste, that he thenceforth adhered Ric. Hagustald. col. n. 20 & 30. to his Enemies. And in 3 Steph. when Ric. Hagustald. col. n. 20 & 30. David, King of Scots, invaded the North with a mighty Army (King Stephen being then in the South) broughtRic. Hagustald. col. n. 20 & 30. to his assistance all the power he could raise, deliveringRic. Hagustald. col. n. 20 & 30. into his hands the Castle of Alnwike, (which is the strongest and greatest Fort in all those parts) marchingRic. Hagustald. col. n. 20 & 30. also with him into Yorkshire, with purposeRic. Hagustald. col. n. 20 & 30. to do the like by Malton.

For which respect, Henry, Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon, (Son to the same David, King of Scotland) not only confirmed Ex Praef. Cartular. penès C. Fairfax ar. f. 114 b. to him all those Lands lying in Northumberland, which he held in capite of King Henry the First, and King Stephen, or any other; but bestowedEx Praef. Cartular. penès C. Fairfax ar. f. 114 b. on him Brentune, Proportune, • achesten, and Scrimestan, with their Appurtenances, to hold as amplyEx Praef. Cartular. penès C. Fairfax ar. f. 114 b. as the said Earl Henry himself did possess them, the very day that he wedded the Sister of the Earl Warren; and likewise gave him five Knights Fees more, which Robert de Nuvant held.

But notwithstanding such his adherence to the King of Scots, he was afterwards reconciled to King Stephen, as it seems; for in 5 Steph. it appearethRot. Pip. 5 Steph. Ebor., that he held Burgh Id est, Burrowbrigg. and •• aresburgh (two great Lordships in the North Riding of Yorkmire) in Ferme of the King; and wasRot. Pip. 5 Steph. Ebor. at that time a Justice Itinerant, together with Walter Espec (a great Baron in those parts.)

And having to his second Wife married Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 801 b. n. 40. Agnes, the Daughter and Heir to William Fitz-Nigel, Baron of Halton, and Constable of Chester; he obtained from Ranulph, Earl of Chester (the second of that name) a Grant Ex ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. of the whole Barony of Halton; as also of the Constablerie of Chester, to himself and his heirs: By which Grant he was likewise constituted cheif Counsellor to that Earl, above all the Nobles of that Countrey; to hold as freely and firmly, as he the said William Fitz-Nigel enjoyed the same in the times of Earl Hugh, and Earl Richard; or in the time of Ranulph de Bricasard.

As to the pious Works of this Eustace, they were great and many: For besides his giftMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 119 a. n. 60. of Twenty shillings Rent in Ser •• ngham to the Monks of S. Peters at Glocester: andIbid. Vol. • . 162 a. n. 10. of one Ox-gang of Land to the Church of Fl • meburhe (now Flamborough) as alsoIbid. & 163 b. n. • 0. of the Churches of Cuton and Scalleby to the Canons of Bridlingtoa, he FoundedIbid. 591 b. n. 30. the Monastery of Alnwike, in Northumberland; and likewise, those of Walton Ibid 708 b. n. 11. & 800 a. and Malton Ibid. 816 a. n. 32. in Com. Ebor. and amply endowed them with Lands and Revenues.

But after all this, in An. 1157. (3 Hen. 2.) beingMS. in. Bibl. Bodl. (Med 20. • fol. 36 b. in that expedition then made into Wales, he was there unhappily slainMS. in. Bibl. Bodl. (Med 20. • fol. 36 b., with this honorable character, viz. MS. in. Bibl. Bodl. (Med 20. • fol. 36 b. That he was Vir Magnus & grandevus, atque inter primos Angliae Proceres, divitiarum, & sapientiae titulis refulgens. A great and aged Man, and of the cheifest English Peers, most eminent for his Wealth and Wisdom. Leaving issueMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 592 b. n 50. Esc. 8 E. 2. n. 63. ut supra. by the Lady Beatrice his first Wife, two Sons, viz. William, sirnamedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 592 b. n 50. Esc. 8 E. 2 n. 63. ut supra. de Vesci, and Geffrey; and by Agnes his second Wife, a Son calledIbid. 801. n. 40. Richard Fitz-Eustace, from whom the Noble Family of Clavering, as also that of Laci, Earl of Lincoln, do derive their Descents.

Which William de Uesci (the eldest Son) afterwards called William de Vesci Senior,William de Uesci. was Sheriff Rot. Pip. de iisdem ann. Northumb. of Northumberland, from 3 Hen. 2. to 15 H. 2. inclusive, so likewiseRot. Pip. de iisdem ann. Northumb., in 16 H. 2. for half the year, and for Lancashire the other half.

In 12 Hen. 2. upon levying the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, this William (then residing in Yorkshire) certifiedLib. rub. in Scacc Ebor. his Knights Fees De veteri Feoffamento, to be in number twenty, for which, in 14 Hen. 2. he accountedRot. Pip. 14 Hen. 2. Ebor. Seventeen pound thirteen shillings; and for his Fees De novo Feoffamento Eight and twenty shillings six pence. In 18 Hen. 2. he paidRot. Pip. • 8 Hen. 2. Northumb. Four and twenty pound six shillings and eight pence for the Scutage of Ireland, in regard he neither went in person thither, nor sent any Soldiers. In An. 1174. (20 Hen. 2.) upon that Invasion of the Scots, he joynedLel. Coll. Vol 2. 377. Jorval col. 1091. n. 40. with Ranulph de Glanvil, Bernard Bailiol, and Robert de Stutevil; and giving them BattleLel. Coll. Vol 2. 377. Jorval col. 1091. n. 40. near • lnwike▪ routed their whole Army: So that the King himself was then takenLel. Coll. Vol 2. 377. Jorval col. 1091. n. 40. prisoner: And about that time, obtained from William, Earl of North • mberland, (Brother to Malcolme the Fourth, King of Scotland,) the Grant of a MarketEx Vet. Cartulario penès Car Fairfax at, f 129 a. at S. Walerick, called New Bigging in that County.

This William confirmedMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 817 a. n 10, 20 & 30. to the Canons and Nuns at Walton, Malton, and Wi • t ••• gham (of the Gilbertine Order) the gift of Eustace his Father, of the Church of W ••••• gham, with the Mannor House, and two Mills there; asMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 817 a. n 10, 20 & 30. also of the Hamlet of • ington; and likewise, of the Churches of Walton and Malton, with the Chappels thereto appertaining; and of his own Charity bestowedIbid. n. 40. on them the Church of Ancast • To the Knights Templars, he gaveIbid 531 b. n 60. & 547 b. n. 40. the Churches of Caithorp and Normanton; and to theIbid. 816 b. n. 30. Canons of Semplingham, and Nuns of Ormesby, the Hermitage of Spaidingholme, with divers Lands set forth by Metes and Bounds.

And, having weddedIbid. 819 b. n. 10. Burga, the Sister of Robert de Stutevil, Lord of Knaresburgh, had Ibid. 819 b. n. 10. with her in marriage, the Town of Langton, and had issueIbid. 819 b. n. 10. a Son,Eustace. called Eustace. Another Wife he had called Agnes, Daughter to William, King of Scotland, by whom he had issue, a Son called William, and diedRot. de Dominabus, pueris, & pucllis, Lincol. in 31 Hen. 2. Eustace his Son and Heir, beingRot. de Dominabus, pueris, & pucllis, Lincol. then Fourteen years old; who accomplishing his full ageRot. Pip. 2 Rich. 1. Northum. in 2 Rich. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 2 Rich. 1. Northum. Two thousand three hundred marks for Livery of his Lands, with liberty to marry whom he would; and in the same year paidIbid. Ebor. Twelve pound three shillings four pence upon collecting the Scutage of Wales. In 6 Rich. 1. beingRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Linc. with the King in Normandy, he was acquittedRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Linc. of that Scutage, then assessed for his Redemption.

In 8 Rich. 1. he answeredRot. Pip. • Rich. • 1. Eber. Twenty four pound six shillings eight • pence, upon collection of the second Scutage of Normandy.

Upon the death of Richard the First, Iohn, Earl of Moreton, (his Brother) succeeding him; and having imployedMat. Paris, in Anno 1199. p. 196. n. 20. Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, and some others, to receive Fealty from the rest of the Nobles, he sentMat. Paris, in Anno 1199. p. 196. n. 20. this Eustace de Vesci, to William, King of Scotland, to let him know; that upon his return out of Normandy, (where he then was) he would give him satisfaction in all things concerning his rights here, and in the mean time to be at amity with him.

UponRot Pip. 13 Joh. Ebot. Collection of the Scutage of Scotland, in 13 Ioh. This Eustace had a special dischargeRot Pip. 13 Joh. Ebot. for Twenty four Knights Fees, and a third part; and the same year was acquitted of Scutage for Twelve Knights Fees, upon payment of the Scutage of Wales.

In 14 Ioh. the King having raisedMat. Paris, in Anno 1212. pag. 231. n. 40 & 50. Et p. 232. a great Army, with purpose to march into Wales, by reason of the many Hostilities, which the Welsh had exercised on his English Subjects; having intelligenceMat. Paris, in Anno 1212. pag. 231. n. 40 & 50. Et p. 232. of a sudden Insurrection against him, by many of the great Men of England; forthwith disbandedMat. Paris, in Anno 1212. pag. 231. n. 40 & 50. Et p. 232. his Army, and hasted to London; fetching thither all thoseMat. Paris. in Anno 1212. pag. 231. n. 40 & 50. Et p. 232. whose fidelity he suspected, requiring them to give pledgesMat. Paris, in Anno 1212. pag. 231. n. 40 & 50. Et p. 232. for their peaceable demeanor. Which (being thus surprised) they forthwith performed, some sendingMat. Paris, in Anno 1212. pag. 231. n. 40 & 50. Et p. 232. their Sons, and others their nearest kinred. But this Eustace, who (with Robert Fitz-Walter) stood most suspectedIbid., fledIbid. thereupon into Scotland; whereupon all his possessions in England were seisedIbid. into the Kings hands, and special commandPat. 15 Joh. p. 1. m. 12. given to demolish his Castle of Alnwike; the Ground Mat. Paris, in An. 1213. pag. 235. n. 20. of their Exceptions, as they pretended, being the Kings disobedience to the Pope, for which he then stoodMat. Paris, in An. 1213. pag. 235. n. 20. excommunicate by his Holiness. But a reconciliationIbid. being soon after made by Pandulph the Legate, this Eustace had restitution Pat. 15 Joh. m. 10: of his Lands.

Yet, notwithstanding all this, the great Men were not so qualified, but that their discontents, ere long, broke out in a far higher measure than before; the real Ground of them arising from another cause; which I shall briefly here relate.

King John (saith my AuthorH. Knighton, Col 242 • . n. 20. &c.) continuing his wonted licentiousness, thereby provoked many of his Nobles to wrath: For, though he had a modest countenance, he was a most libidinous Man, excesively lusting after Women, and deriding their Husbands, on whose Wives he had taken his pleasure.

Amongst these his practises, hearing that this Eustace de Vesci had a very beautiful Lady, but far distant from Court; earnestly studying how to accomplish his desires towards her, sitting at Table with her Husband, and seeing a Ring on his Finger, he laid hold on it, and told him, That he had such another Stone, which he resolved to set in Gold, in that very form: And, having thus got the Ring, presently sent it to her, in her Husbands name; by that Token conjuring her, if ever she expected to see him alive, to come speedily to him.

She therefore, upon sight of the Ring, gave credit to the Messenger, and came with all expedition. But so it hapned, That her Husband casually riding out, met her on the Road, and marvelling much to see her there, asked, What the matter was: And when he understood how they were both deluded, resolved to find out a Common-whore, and put her in apparel to personate his Lady. All which being accordingly done, the King soon after bragged thereof, and said, Eustace, thou hast a most lovely Wife, and a pleasant Bed-follow. To which he answered, How do you know that? Quoth the King, I have had experience thereof. No, (quoth Eustace) you are mistaken; it was not my Wife, but a Common-Whore. Whereat the King grew so enraged, that he threatned to kill him; Eustace therefore apprehending the danger, hasted into the North, and in his passage, wasted some of the Kings Houses; divers of the Nobles, whose Wives the King had viciated, accompanying him. And being grown strong by the confluence of their Friends, and others, seised his Castles, the Londoners adhering to them.

Whereupon the King raised an Army, and marching Northwards, caused them to flee into Scotland; but they increasing in strength returned, and forced him to retreat. Soon after which, viz. in An. 1255. (17 Ioh.) this Eustace Mat. Paris, p. 253. n. 50. & 254. was one of the cheif of those Rebellious Barons, who, having put themselves in Arms, met at Stamford in a Warlike Posture, and afterwards atIbid. 254. n. 10. Brackley.

Whereat the King was so much startled, that he desired a fair composure with them;Pat. 17 Joh. m. 4. declaring publickly, That it was not their Moneys which he coveted, but their Loyalties; and therefore profferedPat. 17 Joh. m. 4. his safe conduct to this Eustace, and some others, in case they would come unto him. But such was his obstinacy, as that he stood out, and became so active in that great Insurrection, as that; upon the AgreementClaus. 17 Joh. in dorso m. 21., whereunto the King was then forced to submit; HeMat. Paris, p. 262. n. 10. was one of the Five and twenty elected by the rest, for managing the whole Government of the Realm; for which respect, the year following he was, amongst others, of those turbulent Spirits, excommunicatedIbid. in An. ••• 6. p. 277. n. 20. by the Pope. And, continuing thus violent, accompanied Monast. Anglic, Vol. 2. 801 a. n. 40. Alexander, King of Scotland, (whose Sister he had marriedIbid.) with purposeMat. Paris, ut supra. to welcome Lewes of France into England, (whom the Barons had called in, with purpose to make their King) and do homage to him for the Realm of Scotland. Who, as he marched through the Bishoprick of Durham, came beforeIbid. 287. n. 10. Barnard Castle, belonging to Hugh de Baillol, intending Ibid. 287. n. 10. to see if it could be easily won; where this our Eustace, approachingIbid. 287. n. 10. too near, was shotIbid. 287 n. 10. through the head with an Arrow from that Garrison.

Being thus slain, the one moity of all his Land was by King Iohn bestowedClaus. • Hen. 3. m. 4. on Philip de Vlecot (that being the last year of His Reign.) Whereupon King Henry the Third commandedClaus. • Hen. 3. m. 4. Possession accordingly to be given; and sent a Precept Pat 2 H. 3. m 5. to Margaret his Widow, that she should forthwith send William her Son and Heir, unto William Mareschal, William. Earl of Pembroke, whose custody that Earl (being then Governor of the King and Kingdom, in regard of the Kings minority) had assigned to the King. Whereupon the King grantedClaus. 2 H 3. m. 4. his marriage, with all the Lands and Fees, to him by Inheritance appertaining, to William, Earl of Salisbury, the Kings Uncle; and the custodyPat. 2 H. 3. m. 9. of the Castle of Alnwike, to R. Bishop of Durham.

This was the time (doubtless) that the Castle of Knaresborough, (which descended to Eustace Fitz-Iohn, Grand-father to this last mentioned Eustace, by the death of Serlo de Burgh, his Uncle without issue) was taken away, and given to William de Stutevil: For certain 〈◊〉 Anglic. Vol. 2. 801 c. n. 40. it is, That King Iohn so disposed of it upon some displeasure, which he had towards the said Eustace.

Which William, being thus in the tuition of the Earl of Salisbury, with purposePat. 10 H. 3. m 10. Claus. 10 H. 3. m. 17▪ , that he should marry Isabel his Daughter, as he did: In 10 Hen. 3. obtained LiveryPat. 10 H. 3. m 10. Claus. 10 H. 3. m. 17▪ of all his Lands (the Earl of Salisbury being then deceased.) So likewisePat. 10 H. 3. ut supra. of his Castle at Alnwike, which then was in the hands of Everard de Tyes.

After which, I find no more of him till 29 H. 3. that he procured a GrantClaus. 29 H. 3. m. • . of five Bucks and ten Does, to be taken out of the Kings Forests in Northumberland, to store his Park at Alnwike; and that he paidRot. Pip. 29 H. 3. North • mb. to the King, upon collection of the Aid for marrying his Daughter; Twelve pounds for his Twelve Knights Fees in Northumberland.

But surviving Isabel, he marriedMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. • 01 b. n. 20. Agnes one of the Daughters of William de Ferrers, Earl of Dervy: And in 32 Hen. 3. upon PartitionClaus 32 H. 3. m. 5. of those Lands in 〈◊〉 , which did belong to William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke▪ he hadClaus 32 H. 3. m. 5. in right of the same Agnes, an assignation of the Purparty belonging to her. And departed Mat. Paris, in An 1253. p. 877 n 40. this life, in 37 Hen. 3. seised of these following Lordships, whereof his Barony in Northumberland didTesta de Ne • il Northumb. consist, viz. • uncwike, Aunemuwe, Denwy, Haverhall, Bilton, Lete • yr, Scippling-Bothil, Newton on the More, Heysandan, Gynis, Ruggeley, • orewic, Chivington del East, Great Houton, Little Houton, Howyc, Remmington, Rock, Charleton del North, Charleton del South, Falwedon, Burneton-Batail, Newton on the Sea, Preston, Tughal, Swinton, Newham-Eumin, Lukrey, with • opum, a member thereof, Hetheriston, Spinlistan, Bodhill, Ewrth, Dodington, with Nesebit, also a member thereof; Horton-Turbervil, Hesilrig, Leum, Chattan, Feleber, Wetwod, Cald-Merton, Yherdhill, Angerham, with Reveley, Hertetheved with its members; scil. Randon-Batail, Prendewic, Alneham, Chirmundesden, Bidlesden, Clenhill, Nedderton, Burweton, Alwehton, Heton, Ambhell, Gharberton, Thimum, Srevenwood, Havckislaw, Chevelington, and Hib • urne.

Whereupon his Castle of Alnwike was committed Pat. 38 H. 3. m. 4 to Peter de Savoy Agnes his Widow, having for her Dowry, an assignationRot. Pip. 40 H. 3. Northumb. of the Lordships of Malton and Langton in Com. Ebor. and Tughale in Com. Northumb.

To this William, succeeded Iohn de Vesci his Son and Heir, in minority at his Fathers death;Iohn. whose Wardship was committedRot. Pip. 42 H. 3. Ebor. to Peter de Savoy above-mentioned.

Of this Iohn, that which I first find memorable, is, That he wasH Knighton, 2429. n. 64. one of the Kings cheif Commanders in his Wars of Galcofgne; but afterwards, scil. in 47 Hen. 3. adhered to Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and other the Rebellious Barons then in Arms, who resolvedIbid. 2446. n. 40. to compel the King to maintain those Ordinances made in the Parliament at Oxford (so derogatory to His Royal Authority;) and when they had taken the King prisoner in the Battle of Lewes, was summonedClaus 49 H. 3. in dorso. to the Parliament by them then held: And being personally in A • ms with Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and the rest, was himself taken prisonerM Westm. in An. 1265. in that memorable Battle of Evesham; where Prince Edward being victorious, delivered his Father out of the hands of those insolent Rebels.

But after this, being by vertue of that Decree called Dictum de Kenilworth, admitted to composition (as most other were) he assumedPat. 54 H. 3. in dors • m. 15. Lel. Coll. Vol • . P. 772. H. Knighon, 2438. n. 30. the Cross; and, with divers persons of note, took a pilgrimagePat. 54 H. 3. in dors • m. 15. Lel. Coll. Vol • . P. 772. H. Knighon, 2438. n. 30. into the Holy Land. Whence, being safe returned, he was in 2 Edw. 1. made Rot. Fin. 2 Edw. 1. m. 2. Governor of Scarborough Castle; and married Claus. 7 Edw. 1. in dorso m. 11. Mary, Sister of Hugh de Lezinian, Earl of March and Engolesme; Covenanting,Claus. 7 Edw. 1. in dorso m. 11. in case she should die without any issue of her body, begotten by him, that he would restore unto the said Hugh Four thousand five hundred pounds Tournois: For payment of Two thousand five hundred pounds whereof, William de Valence became his surety.Claus. 7 Edw. 1. in dorso m. 11.

Which Mary lived but a while; for the next year after these Covenants were made, Queen Eleanor gaveClaus. 8 Edw 1. in dorso m. 1. unto him in marriage Isabel (de Beaumont) her Kinswoman: Whereupon he obligedClaus. 8 Edw 1. in dorso m. 1. himself, in case he should not have issue by her; or that the issue which he should have, should die without issue, to pay unto the said Queen, her Heirs or Assigns, the sum of Five hundred and fifty pounds of Silver.

Which marriage, being solemnised, he obtained a GrantCart. 9 Ed. 1. n. 81. from King Edward of certain Lands in Northumberland, Kent, and other places, (whereof Eltham was part) of they yearly value of Two hundred forty eight pound four shillings and eight pence.

In 10 Edw. 1. this Iohn wasRot. de Scut. Wall. 10 Edw. 1. m. 3. Lel. Coll. Vol 1. p. 773. in the War of Wales; and in 12 Edw. 1. procured a Charter Cart. 12 Ed. 1. n. 6. for a weekly▪ Market at Eltham aforesaid, on the Tuesday; and a Fair yearly on the Eve of the Holy Trinity, and two days following.

This was that Sir Iohn de Vesci, who returning Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 773. hither from the King of Arragon, brought Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 773. a great number of Gascoignes, to King Edward, to serve him in his Welsh Wars. And having givenMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. • 49 b. n. 10. to the Monks of R • f • ord in Com. Nott. his whole Lordship of Roderham, with eight Ox-gangs of Land there; as also the Advowson of the moity of the Church, departed Psc. 17 Ed. 1. n. 25 this life without issue in 17 Edw. 1. leaving William his BrotherPsc. 17 Ed. 1. n. 25 and Heir at that time Forty years of Age; and Isabel his Wife, Sister Claus. 9 Ed. 3. m 18. of Henry de Beaumont, surviving him. Which Isabel, in 25 Edw. 1. did her homageClaus. 25 Ed. 1. m 23. to the King, for the Barony of Casal, in the County of • ife, in Scotland; whereunto she had title by the Quit-claim of Queen Eleanor, Mother to King Edward the First; and the same year attendedRot. Scoc. 25 Ed. 1. in dorso m 5. the Dutchess of Brabant (Daughter to King Edward) into that Countrey. In 33 Edw. 1. she obtained a GrantRot. Fin. 33 Ed. 1. m. 2. in cedula. for her life of the Castle of Bamburgh, in the case she did not marry again; and in 5 Edw. 2. hadPat. 5 Ed. 2. m. 22. the Castle of Scarborough committed to her custody.

Thus much touching this Isabel, I now come to William, Brother and Heir to the last mentioned Iohn de Vesci.

This William, William. was a person in great esteem with that King; for in 13 Edw. 1. he was constituted Pat. 13 Ed. 1. m. 12. Justice of all his Forests beyond Trent; and the next year after, onePat. 14 Ed 1. m. 4. of his Justices Itinerant, touching the Pleas of the Forests.

Moreover, the next ensuing year, matching Claus. 18 Ed. 1. in d • rso m. 6. Iohn de Vesci his Son and Heir, with Clementia, a Kinswoman to Queen Eleanor, he Covenanted Claus. 18 Ed. 1. in d • rso m. 6. to endow her at the Church door with Two hundred pounds Lands per annum, lying in Newsham, Sprouston, and other places: And becauseClaus. 18 Ed. 1. in dorso m. 6. he could not be at the Wedding, by reason of some special imployment in the Kings business; he afterwards obligedClaus. 18 Ed. 1. in dorso m. 6. himself, if his Son should happen to die, leaving her alive. That he would make Livery unto her of Two hundred pound per annum, out of those Mannors and Lands in the name of her Dowry. Which Iohn was the same year constitutedPat. 18 Ed. 1. m. 7. Justice of the Forests on the South of Trent. But I return of William his Father.

In 17 Edw. 1. doing his fealty, he had Livery Rot. Fin. 17 Edw. 1. m. 12. of all the Lands, which by the death of his Brother Iohn, without issue, descended to him; and the same year was constituedPat. 17 E • . 1. m. 9 Governor of Scarborough Castle.

The next year following, doing his homageRot. Fin. 18 Ed. 1. m. 10., he had LiveryRot. Fin. 18 Ed. 1. m. 10. of all those Lands in Ireland, which were of the Inheritance of Agnes his Mother (one of the Daughters to William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby) and likewise made JusticePat. 18 Ed. • ▪ m. 7. of Ireland.

During the time of the trust, scil. InEx Coll. • Gl. S. 21 Edw. 1. he was in open Court, in the City of Dublin (in the presence of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Glocester, and others) accusedEx Chron. frattis Joh. Clinne. of Felony, and challenged to the Combate by Iohn Fitz-Thomas.

But shortly after this, viz. in 22 Edw. 1. he was imployedRot. Vascon. 22 E • . 1. m. 11. in the Wars of Gascoigne, Iohn his Son accompanyingRot. Vascon. 22 E • . 1. m. 11. him thither. And the same year commenced his suitPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. 1. p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 20 • . against the above specified Iohn Fitz-Thomas, at Dublin, before the Cheif Justice, there, and other the Kings Council, for so defaming him as abovesaid, viz. in sayingPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 20 • . That this William de Vesci had sollicited him a Confederacy against the King. Which charge being denied by Fitz-Thomas, and a Schedule by him deliveredPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 20 • . into the Court, containing the words which he acknowledged, he was thereupon challengedPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 20 • . to the combate by this William, and accepted thereof. But the King being advertised of this proceeding, forthwith directed his PreceptPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 20 • . to the Treasurer and Escheator of that Realm, requiring them, That instead of the Combate, they should Summon them both to appear before him at Westminster, on the morrow next after the Feast of the Holy Trinity, then next ensuing; then, and there to be prepared for the Combate. At which time, this our William de Vesci came thither accordinglyPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 , 20 • . mounted upon his great Horse covered; as also compleatly armed with Lance, Dagger, Coat of Male, and other Military accoutrements, and proffered himself to the fight: But Fitz-Thomas, though called, appeared notPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 , 20 • .. Whereupon, this William requiredPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 , 20 • . judgment against him: But instead thereof, the further hearing of the same, was referredPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 , 20 • . to the next Parliament at Westminster, viz. Upon the morrow, next after the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, in 23 Edw. 1. At which time, both of them appearing, and full debate thereupon had; there was no default imputedPlac • Parl de An 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 201. to Fitz-Thomas in regard of certain Errors which were found in the proceedings: So that they were then both at liberty to begin their Actions a new. Whereupon, Fitz-Thomas declining to revive the quarrel. totally submittedPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 , 20 • . himself to the King: Who, by the advice of his Council, ordainedPlac. Par • de An. 22 Ed. • . p. 192, 198. 〈◊〉 , 20 • . That he the said Iohn Fitz-Thomas should be obliged by a certain writing to stand to his Award therein. But what was done thereupon, appears not.

In 23 Edw. 1. this William wasLiterz Pa • don. &c. de Vascon. 23 Ed. 1. m 21. again in the Wars of Gascoigne, but returnedH. Knigh ••• 2509. n 10. sick from thence; being then summonedClaus. 〈◊〉 eodem. An. 〈◊〉 dorso. to Parliament amongst the Barons of this Realm.

In 24 Edw. 1. he was again imployedClaus. 24 Edw 1. in dorso m. 1. by the King in his Wars of Gascoignc.

The same year also, he had a Grant 〈◊〉 . m. 1. in cedula. of the custody of all those Lands in England and Scotland, which were held of him; and then seised into the Kings hands, by reason of the Rebellion of his Tenants. And in 25 Edw. 1. grantedRot. Pip. 28 Edw. 1. Northum. Ex Vet. MS. Cartular. penès Car. Fairfax. f. 97 b. to that King his Castle, Mannor, and Country of Kildare in Ireland; as alsoRot. Pip. 28 Edw. 1. Northum. Ex Vet. MS. Cartular. penès Car. Fairfax. f. 97. b. his Lordship of Sprouston in Scotland; in consideration whereof, the King pardonedRot. Pip. 28 Edw. 1. Northum. Ex Vet. MS. Cartular, penès Car. Fairfax. f. 97 b. all the Debts due from him to his Exchequer; as also those due from Iohn his elder Brother, deceased, or any of his Ancestors.

This William took to WifeEsc. 26 Ed. 1 p 28 Isabel, the Daughter of Adam de Periton, WidowMonast. Anlic. Vol 2. p. 801. n. 50. of Robert de Welles; but having noEx Coll. R. Gl S. lawful issue (Iohn, his Son, being deadEx Coll. R Gl S. in his life time) he did by the Kings LicenseClaus 25 Edw 1 m. 7. Infeoff that great Prelate, Anthony Beke, Bishop of Ourham, and Patriarch of Ierr • alem, in the Castle of • luwi • e and divers other Lands. with trustHist. MS. Dun • lm. Eccl. in Bibl Bod • . (Cant.) l 53. f. 122 b. and special confidence, that he should retain them for the behoof of William de Vesci his Bastard-son (begotten Ex Coll. R. GI S. in Ireland) at that time young, until he came of full age, and then pass them to him; whereupon that Bishop had LiveryClaus 25 E • ••• 1. ut supra. of them accordingly. But the Mannor of Hoto • -Buscel in Com. Ebor. he setledEx Autogra, penès T. Tal • on. absoutely on his said Bastard-son, and the Heirs of his Body, with Remainder to his right Heirs, constituting Ibid. Thomas Plaiz of Ne •• on and Geffrey Gyppysmer Clerk, his Guardinas; he being then in minority. And departedIbid. this life at Malton, upon the Eve of S. Margaret the Virgin, in An. 1297. (25 Edw. 1.) leaving no other issueIbid. than the before specified William his Bastard-son.

Which William, (commonly calledRot. Fin. 9 Edw. 2. m 11. William de Vesci of Kildare) in 4 dw. 2. wasRot. S •• e. 4 Ed. 2. m. 9. in that expedition then made into Scot • and; and marriedClaus. 9 Ed. 3. m. 22. Maud, the Widow of Thomas Nevil of Cherham; but reaped no benefit of that trust which was by William his Father so committed to that Bishop. For he, being irritatedLel. Coll. Vol • . P. 775. by some slanderous words, which he had heard that the Bastard spoke of him, by his DeedHist. • S. Dunelm. • eel. ut supra. Pat. 3 Ed. 2. m • 3. per In • pex. bearing date 19 Nov. An. 1309. (3 Edw. 2.) Sold the Castle and Honor of Al • wike, to Henry de Percy, (a great Man in the North) from whom the Earls of Northumberland, still Possessors thereof, are descended.

Nor did this William long enjoy what was so given him, being slainEsc. 8 Ed. • . n. 63. in the Battle of St •• ve • in in Scotland (commonly called the Battle of Bannocksburne) in 8 Edw. 2. leaving no Esc. 8 Ed. • . n. 63 issue; having been summonedClaus de 〈◊〉 . in 〈◊〉 . to Parliament, amongst the Barons of this Realm, in Six and seventh, as also in the eighth of that Kings Reign, he so lost his life.

Whereupon those Lands in Yorkshire, which for lack of issue by him, were to return to the right Heirs of William de Vesci his Father, descended 〈…〉 . to Gibert Aton, as his nearest Kinsman and Heir; viz. 〈…〉 Son and Heir of William Aton, Brother and Heir of Gilbert, Son and Heir of William, Son and Heir of Gilbert Aton, of Aton in Pickering- 〈◊〉 , in Com. Ebor. by Margery his Wife, sole Daughter and Heir to Warine de Vesci, Brother of Eustace de Vesci, Father of William, Father of Iohn and William. Which last mentioned William, having no other issue, but the before specified William, the Bastard (who died without issue as hath been observed, the title of Lord Vesci, descending to Aton, came through Bromfleet to the Family of Clifford, late Earls of Cumberland.

Laci.

NExt to this of Vesci, I have thought fit to proceed with Laci; in regard that from Eustace Fitz-Iohn, a Principal Branch of that Stock is sprung, as the Descent annexed will shew.

Of this ancient Family, there were two who came into England with Wil • iam the Conqueror. viz. Walter de Laci. and Ilbert de Laci; but how near allied, I find not.

Of these, I shall begin with Walter. Walter.

After the King William had subduedOrd Vit. 521 D.▪ those great opponents, who most disturbed the peaceable fruition of what he had by his signal Conquest acquired; Edwine, Earl of 〈◊〉 being slainOrd Vit. 521 D.▪ and Morcar (his Brother) cast in prisonOrd Vit. 521 D., of his nearest Norman Soldiers, he made great and powerful CommandersOrd Vit. 521 D.▪ and inrichedOrd Vit. 521 D.▪ them with ample Gifts and Territories.

Of which, this Walter de Laci, (for his expertness Ibid. 522 A. in Arms, being one) when the Welsh in 3 Conq. armed themselves against him; he was, amongst others, sentIbid. 522 A. to restrain their bold incursions. Who first entring the parts of Brecknock▪ subduedIbid. 522 A. Rese, Caducan, and Mariadoth, three of their Princes, making great slaughter there: And not long after, assistedS. Dun • l. 208 b. n. 51 Wolstan, Bishop of Worce •• er, Aegelwine▪ Abbot of Eve • ham, and Vrso, then Sheriff of Worcestershire, against Roger, Earl of Hereford, and Ralph Earl of Nor • olk, (then in Rebellion) to hinderS. Dunel. 208 b. n. 51 their passing the Severn, for the conjuction of their Forces.

This Walter de Laci had likewise many skirmishes Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 162. with Fulk Fitz-Warine; in one of which, he was takenLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 162. prisoner, and putLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 162. in Lu • low Castle. But after this, hearing,Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 162., that the same Castle and Town were won by his Friend, Sir Arnold de Lis, he came and victualled Ibid. 263. them both, and keptIbid. 263. them as his own. And whenIbid. Iors of • udlow, and Fouke, with his Father Warine, endeavored the regaining thereof, he sentIbid. to the Prince of Wales for help. But farther I cannot say of him, than that he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 116 b n. • 0. his Lands at Deane, to the Monks of S. Peters at Glocester; and that, being Founder Jorval. of the Church of S. Peter in Hereford; when the work was almost finished, climing979. n. 10. up a Ladder there, he fell down, and being979. n. 10. killed with the fall, (6 Kal. Domitian A 8. in Bi • l Cot • on. 155 a. April, An. 1084. 19 Wil. Conq.) was buriedDomitian A 8. in Bi • l Cot • on. 155 a. in the Chapter-house at Glocester. To which Church of Gtocester, Emeline his Wife, for the health of his Soul, gave Ibid. b. five Hides of Land in Duntesborne.

Leaving issue these three Sons, viz. Roger Domesd. Hugh Domesd. and Walter, and MonkMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. 60 b. n 60. in the Abbey of S. Peters at Glocester.

Which Roger Roger. had great possessions in this Realm, through the bounty of the Conqueror, viz. Domsed. lin 〈◊〉 com. in Berkshire two Lordships, in Shropshire twenty three, whereof he held six of the King, and the rest of Earl Roger de Montgomery. in Glocestershire twenty, in Worcestershire six, and in Herefordshire sixty five, besides four Carucates of Land, lying within the limits of the Castle of Ewias, which King William had bestowed on Walter de Laci his Father. But in 2 Wil. Rusi, joyningJorval. 984. n. 60. with Odo, Earl of Kent, and others, in that Rebellion then raised on the behalf of Robert Curthose; and in 5 Will. Rufi, Ord. Vit. 704 C. with Robert de Molbray, Earl of Northumberland, on the same account, he was banishedOrd. Vit. 704 C. England, and all his Lands given Ord. Vit. 704 C. to his Brother Hugh. After which, going into Normandy, he was made GeneralIbid. 809 A. of Curthoses Army; and at length takingIbid. 865 C. part with Robert de Belesme (Earl of S • rews • ary, of whose barbarous and cruel practises, I have spoke largely in my Discourse of him) didIbid. 865 C. very much mischeif throughout the whole Dukedom of Normandy, about the Nineteenth year of King Henry the Firsts Reign.

I come now to Hugh Hugh. his Brother.

Though King William, to satisfieItin. Cambr. 157. those, who had assisted him against King Harold, had distributed Itin. Cambr. 157. amongst them, the greatest part of this Realm; nevertheless, many more (both Normans, French, and others) cameItin. Cambr. 157. afterwards over, expecting Itin. Cambr. 157. likewise to share in that General Conquest; who finding England too little for satisfaction of their greedy Appetites, obtained leave Ibid. of King William Rufus, to invade Wa • es. In which adventure Robert Fitz-Hamon being Ibid. very prosperous by his Conquest of Morgano • ; others not doubting of the like success, imitated Ibid. his example. Whereupon,Ibid. Roger, Earl of Shrewsbury, won 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 ; Hugh, Earl of Chester, Tegene • and Rowe nock; Bernard Newmarch, the Land of Brecknock; Arnulph, the younger Son of the same Earl Roger, the Province of Pe •• r • ke; and this Hugh de Laci, thatIbid. of Ew • as.

Whereunto I shall add what the Learned Sir Iohn Dodd. ridge Knight, late one of the Justices in the Court of Kings Bench; being a person of great knowledge in Antiquities, hath, in his description Fol. 37 & 38. of Wales expressed; viz. That all these Territories, thus acquired, were Baronies-Marchers, and held of the Crown in capite. And because they and their Posterity might the better keep the Lands so acquired, and might not be drawn by Sutes of Law, from the defence of those Lands so obtained by the Sword; the said Lands were ordained Baronies-Marchers; and had a kind of Palatine Jurisdiction erected in every of them, and power to administer Justice unto the Tenants in each of their Territories; having therein Courts, with divers Priviledges, Franchises, and Immunities: So that the Kings Writs were not current there, unless the whole Barony had been in question (Fitz. Ass. fol. 182. 18 Edw. 2.) And this was the state of the Government of the Marches of Wales, until 27 Hen. 8.

But I return.

This Hugh afterwards became the first Founder Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 59 • . n. 40. & 60 b. n. 50. of the Priory of Lanthony, uponEx Registro de Wigmore. the Bank of the River • othenay in 〈◊〉 ; An. 1108. 8 Hen. 1. and amply endowed it with Lands and Revenues. He likewise bestowedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 726 a n. 60. & 406 b. n. 10. the Church of S. Peters in Hereford (Founded by his Father) upon the Monks of 〈◊〉 ; and much inrichedLel. Coll. Vol. 2. 89 b. the Church of S. Davids.

Moreover, to the Monks of Manmouth, he gaveMonast Anglic. Vol 1. 601 a. l. 3. three shillings yearly Rent, issuing out of L • dney, for the good estate of himself. Roes his Wife, and Robert his Son; but dying without Mon. Anglic▪ Vol 2. 69 a. n. 10. issue, left his great InheritanceMon. Anglic▪ Vol 2. 69 a. n. 10. to his two Sisters, viz. Ermeline, who hadMon. Anglic▪ Vol 2. 69 a. n. 10. no Children; and Emme who took to Husband ... by whom she had a Son named Gilbert Ibid., who assuming the name of Laci, begot on her a Son called Hugh Ibid..

Of which Gilbert, Gilbert. all that I can say, is, That in those turbulent times of King Stephens Reign, he tookGesta Regis Steph. p 940 C. part with Geffrey Talbot, his Kinsman, in that design for taking the City of • athe, on the behalfGesta Regis Steph. p 940 C. of Maud the Empress; and that, beingMon. Anglic. Vol. 1▪ 726 b. an expert and valiant Soldier, afterMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 726 b. divers Encounters, Skirmishes, and Victories in the Holy Wars, he at length becameMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 726 b. a Knight Templar; and gaveIbid. 529 a. n. 10. to that Order twelve Hides of Land, and one Virgate, in Gu • tinges, beside his Demesn there; as also five Burgages in Winche • c • mb.

I come therefore to Hugh.

This Hugh, Hugh. upon Assessment of the Aid for marrying of the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. Rub. in Scaee. sub ti • . Heres. That he held Fifty one Knights Fees, and a fourth part, de Veteri Feoffamento, and Five and an half de Novo; besides divers Lands, for which no service was then established: Some of his Tenants to them, serving him in his house, he finding them necessaries; and some residing upon his Fermes in Wales, where he maintained them at his own charge: For all which, in 14 Hen. 2. he answeredRot. Pip. • 0 H. 2. Her •• . Sixty marks, and Forty pence.

In 18 Hen. 2. this Hugh, adheringHistory of Wales by D. 〈◊〉 , 233. to the King, when young Henry flew out in Rebellion, was takenHistory of Wales by D. 〈◊〉 , 233. in the Castle of Uernoid; for which respect, as also for certain great services in Ireland, he obtained the same year, a GrantRegist. de Wigmore, R. Hoved, 302 b. n. 20. of the whole Territory of Methe, in that Realm, with its Appurtenances; to hold to him and his Heirs, by the serviceAntiq. Hi. bern. per Jac. Waraeum e • . aut p. 235. of Fifty Knights Fees; in as ample manner, as Murchard Hu Melachlin, or any other before or after him, enjoyed the same. And likewiseAntiq. Hi. bern. per Jac. Waraeum e • . aut p. 235., all the Fees which he had then acquired, or should thenceforth acquire about Du •• in, so long as he should be his Bailiff there.

Moreover, he did then constituteR. Hoved. 302 b. n. 20. him Governor of the City of • ublin, and JusticeIbid. of Ireland. Unto which City of Dublin, the same King thereupon ordainedAntiq Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum eq. aur. p. 242., That these following places should thenceforth belong, scil. All the Land of O-Felana, Offalia, Kildare, Wichelon, and Methe; as also the Service of Four Knights, which was due from Robert Po • er, by reason of his Castle of Dunavel. But afterwards, incurring the Kings displeasure, becauseR. Hoved, 348 b. n. 30. he had married the Daughter to the King of Cannoc (according to the mode of that Countrey) without his leave: He was devestedR. Hoved, 348 b. n. 30. of the custody of that City, viz. in An. 1181. (27 Hen. 2.)

All that I have farther to observe of him is, Mon. Anglic. Vol. 〈◊〉 72 b. That, after he came to the Possession of those Territories in • re • and; and before he Infeoffed any of his Free Tenants there (by the consent of some of the Archbishops and Bishops of that Realm, and their Chapters) he gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 72 b. to the Canons of 〈◊〉 , the Church of • alp, with the Tithes of Comingeby and 〈◊〉 ; the Church of Marme •• , with the Tithes of the Fishing there; the Churches of Anye, and the Vale of • lonalewy; the Church of Oggary in Methe; the Church of Stathmolin, and Advowson of the Vicaridge of Lillen; the Churches of Kilmessan, K • caly, and Kil • methe: As also the Church of the Town of Reginald de T • rbervil, and likewise those of Kilkarvam, Dunboyn, Rathbegan, Kilbruy, and Drumrath, together with the Lands of Balibin; and whatsoever Gilbert of Cornwal held in the Honor of Rashouthe, with the Chappels thereunto appertaining. Also, that he wasAntiq. Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum equ. au •• p 163. the Founder of the Abbey of Trim, in the County of Methe, or a cheif Benefactor to it: AndAntiq. Hibern. ut supra p. 166. that of Duleke, in the County of East Methe, which was a Cell to the Abbey of Lanthony near Glocester. Likewise, that he gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 1040. n. 20, 30 & 40. to the Canons of S Thomas near Dublin, the Church of Dunelinsahlin, with a certain Grange there; andMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 1040. n. 20, 30 & 40. the Churches of Domenathmore, Grenocks, killeglan, Maglisloine, Knocmarek; andMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 1040. n. 20, 30 & 40. all the Churches and Chappels in the Territory of Leonisse de Bromiard. LikewiseMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 1040 n. 20, 30 & 40. the Church of the Town of William de Scorlagge, and Church of Lethercor.

Moreover, that he gaveIbid. 1041. n. 40. to the Abbey of Keulys, in the County of Kilkenny, Balingoddan, and Athaiaarg, with their Appurtenances: And, that in An. 1185. (31 Hen. 2.) 8 Kal. Aug. being too severeRegi • t. de Wigmore. with the Workmen, by him imployed, for the Building of his Castle at Lurheydy in Ireland, he was murthered Chro. Henr. de Marleburgh Vicarii de Balischadan. at Derelagh, byRad de Diceto, 626. n. 40. M Paris, 143. n. 20. R. Hoved. 360. n. 40. one Malva-Miadaich, a very mean person (who cut off his Head) leaving issueIbid. two Sons Walter, and Hugh; and a Daughter called Elayne, who became the WifeEsc. 30 H. 3. • 4. Heref. of Richard de Beaufo.

Which Walter, Walter. in 6 Rich. 1. upon Collection of the Aid for the Kings Redemption,Rot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Heref. paid Fifty one pound ten shillings. And in • 0 Rich. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 10 Rich. 1. Heref. the King Two thousand marks for his favor, and to have Livery of his Lands. But this being the last year of King Richards Reign, King Iohn immediately succeeding, exactedRot. Pip. • Joh. Heref. of him no less than Twelve hundred pounds for the like Favor and Livery.

In 2 Ioh. William de Braose gaveOblatae 2 Joh. m. 21. Twenty marks, and a Palfrey to the King, for his Confirmation of that Grant, which this Walter de Laci had made to him, of his Lands in England and Normandy, viz. Oblatae 2 Joh. m. 21. That he the said Walter should not Sell nor Mortgage them, without the permission of the said William.

In 7 Ioh. upon Collection of the Sixth Scutage of that King (then assessed at two marks.) This Walter paidRot. Pip. • Joh. Heref. an hundred and two marks and an half for his Fees in Herefordshire; and Fifteen pound thirteen shillings and four pence for his Fees in Glocestershire. And in 9 Ioh. obtained a confirmationCart. 9 Joh. n. 2. of his Dominion of Methe, to be held by him and his Heirs for the service of Fifty Knights Fees: As alsoCart. 9 Joh. n. 2. of all his Fees in Fingall, in the Valley of Dublin; to be held by the service of seven Knights Fees. Howbeit, in 12 Ioh. the King passing MS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Digb.) 10, 11. 176 a. into Ireland with his Army, this Walter being forcedMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Digb.) 10, 11. 176 a. to deliver up himself, and all he had there, into his power, and to abjure that Realm; was soon afterwards banishedMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Digb.) 10, 11. 176 a., with all his, out of England. But after this, viz. in 16 Ioh. he was permitted to repossessPat. 16 Joh. m. 4. Claus. 16 Joh. m. 18. Ludlow, with the Castle. And the same year, being at Glocester Pat. 16 Joh. • . 4., with some other of the Barons-Marchers, received the Kings commandIbid., to come to Cirencester, upon Munday next ensuing the Clause of Easter, well accoutred with Horse and Arms, and all the power he could bring.

And thus standing again on fair terms with the King; the next ensuing year, forPat. 〈◊〉 Joh 〈…〉 . 17. Rot. Fin. 17 Joh. m. 4. the sum of Four thousand marks, he obtainedPat. • Joh 〈…〉 . 17. Rot. Fin. 17 Joh. m. 4. the possession of his Lands in Ireland, which had been so taken from him as abovesaid, excepting the Castle of Drogheda, and all his Lands in Drogheda, which were to remain in the Kings hands for three years.

Moreover, in 18 Joh. he was madePat. 18 Joh. m. 4. Sheriff of Here • ordshire, and Governor of the Castle of Hereford; yet with this CautionPat. 18 Joh. m. 4., That, if Lewes of France (whom the Rebellious Barons had called in) should come with his Army to besiege it; he should not personally stay there, but place such therein, of whose fidelity there could be no doubt.

And in 2 Hen. 3. was again made SheriffRot. Pip. 〈◊〉 2 〈◊〉 3. 〈◊〉 of Herefordshire; in which year likewise, upon levying the first Scutage of that King, he paid Ibid. an hundred and two marks and an half for his Fifty one Knights Fees and an half, and continued in the said Office of Sheriff, untilRot. Pip. 〈◊〉 •• s de • ann. the seventh year of that Kings Reign inclusive. But in 8 Hen. 3. (for what cause, I find not) he rendred Pat. 8 H. 3. p 1. m. 9. up the Governorship of Ludiow Castle, to William de Gamages, by the Kings special Pat. 8 H. 3. p 1. m. 9. command.

That which I next find most memorable of this Walter, is, That in An. 1230. (14 Hen. 3.) whenM. Pari • . p. 366 n. 20 & 30. Lel. Col. Vol. 1. 609. the King of Connac rose in Arms to expel the English out of those parts; he, with the helpM. Pari • . p. 366 n. 20 & 30. Lel. Col. Vol. 1. 609. of Geffrey de Marisco, (then Justice of Ireland) and Richard de Burgh, utterly subdued M. Pari • . p. 366 n. 20 & 30. Lel. Col. Vol. 1. 609. all his Forces and tookM. Pari • . p. 366 n. 20 & 30. Lel. Col. Vol. 1. 609. him prisoner. But, notwithstanding these Services, in that doubtful year of 17 Hen. 3. beingClaus. 17 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 9. one of the Barons-Marchers, he was constrainedClaus. 17 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 9. to give up Roger • ichard, as a Pledge for his fidelity, until the Kingdom should be setled in Peace.

Thus much as to his Secular Actings.

As to his Works of Piety, I find, that he confirmed Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 72 a. n. 50. to the Canons of Lanthony, all those Lands and Churches in Ireland, given to them by Hugh de Laci his Father; and of his own bounty gaveIbid. n 30. them the Church of our Lady at Drogheda, in that Realm; as alsoIbid p. 71 • . the whole Valley, wherein the Abbey of Lanthony was situate, viz. From Kenentesset and Askarswey, by the Ruggeway, to Antefin; and from Haterell, from the Land of Seisil Fitz-Gilbert, by the Ruggewey, to the Bounds of Talgarth.

Moreover, that he was a special Benefactor to the Monks of Gresswil in Herefordshire, by the GrantMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 504 b. Pa • . 1 Ed. 3. pag. 3. m. 6. pa • In • p ••• to them of Two hundred and four Acres of his Wood, called Ham; as also of Six hundred Acres, with the Woods to them belonging; and Common of Pasture for their Cattle in his New Forest; and on the other side the Water, towards Gripesgath, by the Wood, Mountains, and Valleys, to the Limits of Talgarth. Likewise, to their Neat-herd, Common of Pasture for ten Beasts; as also Common of Pasture for all his Horses throughout the Forest of Ewyas, with Timber for Building, and all other necessaries. Moreover, the Nineth Sheaf of all Wheat, Mastlin, and other Corn, except Oats, throughout all his Lordships of England and Wales, viz. in Webbeley, Malmeshull, Iarthull, and Hamme, in Com. Heref. In Stantone, Ludelaw, and Akes, in Com. Salop. And in Bretford, in Com. Wilts. Likewise the Tithe of all the Hides of those Cattle which were yearly sold at the Larder of his Castle of Ewyas; with the Tithe of his Demesn Mills at Kenles in Ireland. And in lieu of the Tithe of his Rents in Ew • as, he gave them the nineth Sheaf of all his Demesns in Ewyas; as also of his Town of Red Castle and New Town. Farthermore, he bestowed on them one Man in Ewyas; one in Webbe • ey, and one in Ludlow, with their Lands, and all their Off-spring: Also the nineth Sheaf of each Grain, throughout all his Lordships in Ireland, with one Messuage in every of them.

Besides all this, in the Realm of Ireland, he foundedAntiq. Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum, p. 164, 166, 169. 173, 179. the Abbey of Beaubec; which was first a Cell to that great Abbey of Bec in Normandy, and afterwards to Furneise in Com. Lancast. LikewiseAntiq. Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum, p. 164, 166, 169, 173, 179. the Preceptory of Kilmainanbeg, near Nobir, in the same County, for Knights Hospitalers. He also madeAntiq. Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum, p. 164, 166, 169, 173, 179. the Abbey of Foure, a Cell to S. Taurines in Normandy▪ Moreover, he FoundedAntiq. Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum, p. 164, 166, 169, 173, 179. the Hospital of S. Iohn Baptist at Drogheda. And lastly, Antiq. Hibern. per Jac. Waraeum, p. 164, 166, 169, 173, 179. that of S. Andrews in the Territory of Ardes, which was a Cell to Lonley in France.

This Walter took to WifeCart. 2 Joh. m. 20. Margaret, Daughter of William de Braose (of Brecknock,) and in An. 1241. (25 Hen. 3.) beingM. Paris, 552. n. 10 then infirm and blind, departedM. Paris, 552. n. 10 this life, Vir, inter omnes nobiles Hiberniae, Eminentissimus, saith Matthew Paris, leaving his great Inheritance to be divided Ibid. 578. lib • . amongst Females, viz. the Daughters of Gilbert de Lacy his Son (who died in his life time) and Isabel his WifeMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 725. n. 60. & b., Sister of Iohn Bigod. Whereupon the Sheriff of 〈◊〉 received commandRot. • in. 28 H 3. m 8. to make equal partition thereof; as also LiveryIbid. to Maud the Wife of Peter de Geneva his Neece, and one of his Coheirs, of her Purparty: Margery (the other of them) WifeClaus. 28 H. 3. p 5. of Iohn de Verdon, having the Castle of Webbeley allottedClaus. 28 H. 3. p 5. to her; the Castle and Honor of Ewyas Lacy being formerly assigned Pat. 18 H. 3. m. 15. to the before specified Isabel for her Dowry; who afterwards took to HusbandPat. 18 H. 3. m. 15. Iohn Fitz-Geffrey.

Which Peter de Geneva hadPat. 28 H. 3. m 7. thereupon, in right of the said Maud his Wife, Livery of Ludlow Castle, in part of her Purparty. And after this, scil. in 38 Hen. 3. Geffrey de Genevill, then her Husband, had LiveryRot. Vascon. 38 H. 3. m 5. of the Castle of Trim in Ire • and, as part of her Inheritance.

Touching the Wife of the last mentioned Walter de Lacy, who by other Records is named Margery, I findMonast. Angl. Vol. 2. p. 330 a. n. 30 & 330 b. Esc. 49 H. 3. n. 20. that she was Foundress of the Priory of Nuns, at Acornbury in Herefordshire, in the time of King Iohn.

¶I come now to Hugh de Lacy Hugh. (Brother of Walter, and) Lord of Ulster in Ireland; but how he got it, let us here observe.

When Iohn, Son of King Henry the Second had obtainedR. Hoved. 323 b. n. 20. & 359 a. n. 20 from his Father the Dominion of Ireland, he made this Hugh ConstableMonast Anglic. Vol. a. 1034. 56. of that Realm. Being setled there in that great Office, after Iohn was King (scil. in the third of His Reign) pretendingR. Hoved. 468. n 20 & 30. to succor Iohn de Curcy, Lord of Ulster, whom Walter de Lacy (his Brother) had treacherously endeavoredIbid. to surprise; this Hugh invitedIbid. him to his Castle, with promise of Protection: Howbeit, when he had thus got him into his power, would not let him go, resolvingIbid. to betray him to the King. Whereupon King Iohn gavePat. 6 Joh▪ m. 1. him that whole Province of Ulster, to hold as freelyPat. 6. Joh▪ m. 1. as he the said Iohn de Curcy had ever enjoyed it, or held it the day wherein he vanquished him in Battle.

But after this, King Iohn being highly offended against him, sailedM. 〈◊〉 in Anno • 200. into Ireland with a great Army, and expelledM. 〈◊〉 in Anno • 200. him thence. And, though in 1 Hen. 3. he madeMat. Paris, 319 n. 30. his peace with King Henry; yet certain it is, that in Ianuary, 8 Hen. 1 he joynedPat. 1 H. 3. m. 12. with Leoline, Prince of Wales, in his hostile incursions. And after this, scil. in An. 1236. (20 Hen. 3.) entredMat. Paris 430. n. 10. Scotland, endeavoringMat. Paris, 430. n. 10. to restore Galloway to the Bastard Son of Alan de Galloway (Alan himself being dead) which Countrey the King of Scots had givenMat. Paris, 430. n. 10. to the three Daughters of Alan, as their rightful Inheritance; or in case that could not be, untoMat. Paris, 430. n. 10. Thomas, Brother of the same Alan; or to the Son of that Thomas, or any of the Kinred; but in this attempt he prevailed Ibid. not.

As to his Works of Piety, it appears, That he FoundedAntiq. Hibern. per J •• Warae •• eq. aur. p. 165, 179, 183. the Priory of • olp, in the County of Methe, in • reland, which was a Cell to Lanthony in Wales; as alsoAntiq. Hibern. per Ja • Warae •• eq. aur. p. 165, 179, 183. the House of Friers Minors, commonly called the Gray Friers, at Dune, in the County of Downe. And likewiseAntiq. Hibern. per Ja • Warae •• eq. aur. p. 165, 179, 183. the House of Friers Minors at Karricfergus, in the County of Antrim.

This famousMat. Paris 597. l. 3. Soldier, and Conqueror of a greatMat. Paris 597. l. 3. part of Ireland, (so Matthew Paris calls him) tookMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 293 b. n 60. Pat. 28 H. 3. m. 5. to Wife Emeline the Daughter and Heir of Walter de Ridelesford, and departedMat. West • in An. 1242. this life in An. 1242. (26 Hen. 3.) leaving issueEx Cod. MS. • in Bibl. Bodl. (Cant.) • . 98. p 65. one sole Daughter and Heir (called Maud) Wife Ex Cod. MS. • in Bibl. Bodl. (Cant.) • . 98. p 65. of Walter Burk, Lord of Connac in Ireland.

Which Emeline afterwards marrying toMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. ut supra. Stephen de Longespe; for the health of her own Soul, and the Soul of him the said Stephen her Husband, acquittedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. ut supra. the Canons of Esseby in Com. Northam. from sute to the Hundred of Sutton, for all their Lands lying within the Precincts thereof. And FoundedPat. 8. Ed. • m. 17. a Chantrey of five Priests, in the Chappel of S. Catherine at Wauberge.

I come now to Ilbert de Lacy, Ilbert. unto whom King William the Conqueror gaveLel. 〈◊〉 Vol. 1. fa • the Castle and Town of Broken-bridge in Com. Ebor. so termedLel. 〈◊〉 Vol. 1. fa • by reason of a Broken-bridge near that place (scarceLel. 〈◊〉 Vol. 1. fa • half a mile East from old Pont • ract) but afterwards by him, according to the Norman dialect, calledLel. 〈◊〉 Vol. 1. fa • Pontfract.

He had also, by his giftMS. in Bibl. Bo •• (G. 9. Cant.) f. 77 b., all that part of the County of Lancaster, then and since called Blackburnshire, (now one of the Hundreds) scituate towards the West Riding of Yorkshire, with other LandsMS. in Bibl. Bo •• (G. 9. Cant.) f. 77 b. of vast extent: So that, at the time of the General Survey, he had Do •• esd. 〈◊〉 in • isdem Comita • . no less than an hundred and fifty Lordships, or the greatest part of so many in Yor • shire, ten in Nott •• ghamshire, and four in Lincolnshire; and obtained from King William Rufus a ConfirmationEx ipso Antogr. nuper • Castro de Pontfract. of all those Customs, belonging to his Castle of Pontfract, as he had enjoyed in the time of King William his Father.

This Ilbert gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol 1. 371 b. n 40. the Lordship of Hambleton to the Monks of Selby in Com. Ebor. And for the health of the Soul of King William the Conqueror, and of King William his Son, FoundedIbid. 659 b. • . 30. the Collegiate Chappel of S. Clement within his Castle of • ontfract, and amply endowed itIbid. n. 40, 50 & 60. with Lands and Tithes.

To the Monks of S. Maries at York, he gaveIbid. 388. l 5 five Carucates and an half of Land in Gerford, with the Church there. He also began Monast Anglic. Vol. 2. 34 a. n 60 the Foundation of the Abbey of S. Oswald at Nostell, for Canons Regular of S. Augustine, and left issue two Sons, Robert Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 373 a. n. 10. and Hugh Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 373 a. n. 10..

Which Robert Robert. (called alsoOrd. Vit. • 04 C. Robert de Pontfract) had a ConfirmationEx Autogra. nuper in Castro de Pontfract. Ord. Vit. 804 C. & 805 D. from King William Rufus of all those Lands whereof Ilbert his Father died seised. Howbeit, upon the death of King William Rufus, (with divers other potent Men) adhering Ex Autogra. nuper in Castro de Pontfract. Ord. Vit. 804 C. & 805 D. to Robert Curthose against King Henry the First, he was forced to buyEx Autogra. nuper in Castro de Pontfract. Ord. Vit. 804 C. & 805 D. his peace at a dear rate: But after this he obtained from that King a Ex Autogra. nuper in Castro de Pontfract. Ord. Vit. 804 C. & 805 D. Grant of Boeland, which he held of Roger de Pictavia, but thenceforth to be held of the same King; as alsoEx Autogra. nuper in Castro de Pontfract. Ord. Vit. 804 C. & 805 D. of all those Lands in Yorkshire which that King then challenged; and for which he the said Robert did vouch the Warranty of William de Say.

This Robert perfectedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 33 b. n. 50. & 34 a. n. 40 & 50. & 34 b. the Foundation of that Abbey of S. Oswald at Nostell, and amply endowed Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 33 b. n. 50. & 34 a. n. 40 & 50. & 34 b. it. Moreover, for the health of the Soul of King William the Conqueror; as also for the Souls of Ilbert his Father, and Hawise his Mother, he FoundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 648 b. n. 40. 649 a. n 30 & 40. a Priory for Cluniack Monks at Pontfract; and to the Monks of Sa • lay in Com. Ebor. he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. • 46 a. n. 60. certain Lands lying opposite to their Abbey, on the other side of Ribble.

But after all this, both he, and Ilbert his Son, were expelledJoh. Hagustald. 262. n. 20. the Realm by King Henry the First, and the Honor of Pontfract, bestowed Ric. Hagustald. 310. n. 20. on Henry Traverse; who being, shortly after, mortally woundedRic. Hagustald. 310. n. 20. by one Pain, a Servant of his own, caused himself to be shornRic. Hagustald. 310. n. 20. a Monk, and so diedRic. Hagustald. 310. n. 20. within three days.

After which, the King gavePlac. de • anco T. Pasch. 11 H 3. Rot. 11. this Honor of Pontfract, to Guy de la Val, who heldPlac. de Panco T. Pasch. 11 H 3. Rot. 11. it till King Stephens time; but then, Henry, Son to this Ilbert, taking advantage of the troubles which that King had, entredPac. de • anco T. Pasch. 11 H 3. Rot. 11. upon it again; and afterwards for corroboration of his title promised Plac. de Panco T. Pasch. 11 H 3. Rot. 11. King Henry the Second a thousand marks, to make his Peace with the same Guy. Whereupon an AgreementPlac. de • anco T. Pasch. 11 H 3. Rot. 11. being made, Guy de la Val had an hundred and fifty pound Lands of the Demesn of that Barony, and twenty Knights Fees.

It is said by an old Historian, that this Ilbert Ilbert. (so expelled with his Father) when King Stephen began to Reign, by his special favor reobtained Rich. Ha • ustald. 319. • . 10. his Barony of Pontfract; and, calling Ailred. Riev. l. 337. n. 30. to mind the misery of his banishment by King Henry the First, approved himself the more cordialAilred. Riev. l. 337. n. 30. to King Stephen, when he stood most in need; beingAilred. Riev. l. 337. n. 30. one of the principal Commanders of those Forces, raised by the Northern Barons in 3 Steph. Through whose valor that great Army of the Scots, then invading those parts, was totally vanquishedH. Hunt. 2 • 3 a. Rich. H • gustald. 320. n. 10. near North Alverton, in that memorable fight called The Battle of the Standard (whereof I have fully spoke in my Discourse of William, Earl of Albemarle.) After which, he obtained a pardonEx Autogr. • upet in Ca • ro de Pont •• ct., on the behalf of his Servants, for all Forfeitures whatsoever; and specially for the death of William Maltravers. And, having married Alice Ibid. the Daughter of Gilbert de Gant (whoIbid. gave to the Church of S. Iohn, at Pontfract, certain Lands in • ngesmels, whereof she had been by him en • owed) died without issue; Henry his Brother succeeding him in his Lands and Honor.

Which Henry Henry. was received into favorIbid. by Maud the Empress and her Son King Henry the Second; and obtained from them, a remissionIbid. of the displeasure which King Henry the First bore towards Robert his Father; as alsoIbid. of the forfeiture, which he himself had made before he did his homage; with full restitutionIbid. of his whole Honor of Pontfract, and all other his Lands in England, and Normandy. He likewise obtained from King Henry the Second, a CharterIbid. for a Fair to be held yearly at Pontfr • ct, upon the Feast day of S. Giles, and to continue for eight days following. And in 12 Hen. 2. upon Assessment of the Aid, for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. Rub. 〈◊〉 Scaec. tit. Ebor. his Fees to be Seventy nine and an half in number; for which, in 14 Hen. 2. he paidRot. Pip. 14 H. 2. Ebor. Forty two pounds ten shillings ten pence for those De veteri Feoffamento, and Thirteen pound seven shillings six pence for those De novo.

Moreover, in 23 Hen. 2. he wasH. Hoved. 323. n. 20. one of the Witnesses to that notable Award which King Henry the Second made betwixt Aldefonsus, King of Castile, and Sanctio, King of Navarre.

I now come to his Works of Piety.

In An. 1147. (12 Steph.) with the consent Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1 746 b. n. 40. 854 b. n. 60. • S. in Bibl Bodl. G 9 Cant.) f. 98 a. & 129 a. of the Abbot of Fountaines; and in accomplishmentMon. Anglic. Vol. 1 746 b. n. 40. 854 b. n. 60. • S. in Bibl Bodl. G 9 Cant.) f. 98 a. & 129 a. of a Vow made in the time of his sickness, he FoundedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1 746 b. n. 40. 854 b. n. 60. • S. in Bibl Bodl. G 9 Cant.) f. 98 a. & 129 a. a Monastery for Cistertian Monks, first at Bernoldswike, and afterwards removedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1 746 b. n. 40. 854 b. n. 60. • S. in Bibl Bodl. G 9 Cant.) f. 98 a. & 129 a. them to Kirkstall in Com. Ebor. Which Monastery he amply endowed with Lands and Revenues.

He was also a great Benefactor to the Cluniac Monks at Pontfract, there seated by Robert de Laci his Father; and forMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 65 • a. n. 40. the health of the Soul of the said Robert, and of Maud his Mother, causedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 65 • a. n. 40. the Church of S. Iohn the Evangelist in Pontfract, to be dedicated for the use of that Covent; givingMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 65 • a. n. 40. thereto Threescore shillings Annual Rent, to be paid by his Bailiff of Pontfract.

He likewise bestowedIbid. on them the benefit of his Ferry at Castleford; freeing them from Toll, and all other Secular Custom, for their Lands in Pontfract; and gaveIbid. 650 b. them the Government of S. Nicholas Hospital in Pontfract; confirmingIbid. 650 b. whatsoever had been bestowed on them by his Father. Moreover, for Ibid. n. 40. the Souls of his Father and Mother; as also of all his Ancestors, and Ilbert his Brother, he conferred Ibid. n. 40. on them his Lordship of Hedingley; and gave the ChurchMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 546 b. n 50. of Kelintune to the Knights Templars.

To him succeeded Robert his Son,Robert. who was Jorval. 1 • 58. l. 6. one of those Barons which attended at the solemn Coronation of King Richard the First.

This Robert beganMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (G. 9. Cant.) • . 98 b. the Building of Cliderhou Castle in Blackburneshire; and therein a ChappelMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (G. 9. Cant.) • . 98 b. dedicated to S. Michael the Arch Angel; wherein, with the consentMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (G. 9. Cant.) • . 98 b. of Geffrey, then Dean of Whalley, he causedMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (G. 9. Cant.) • . 98 b. Divine Service to be celebrated, and the Sacraments to be administred to his Houshold Servants, Shepherds, and Foresters, as had beenIbid. usual for those who lived within the Precincts of other Chapelries in that Parish; and departingIbid. 138 b. this life without issue, 12 Kal. Febr. An. 1193. (4 Rich. 1.) was buriedIbid. 138 b. in the Abbey of Kirksfall. Whereupon, in 6 Rich. 1. Isabel his Widow gave Rot. Pip. 6 Ric. 1. Ebor. Eighty marks to have an assignation of her reasonable Dowry, out of his Lands.

Upon the death of this Robert thus without Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 905 b. n. 60. & 906 a. issue, Albreda de Lisours, his SisterMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 188 a. n. 10. by the Mother (Daughter of Eudo de Lisours by Albreda his Wife, Widow of Henry de Lacy before mentioned, and then WifeMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 906 a. & ibid. n. 20 of Richard Fitz-Eustace, Constable of Chester) possessedEx Coll. R. Glov. nuper Somerset Heraldi. her self of this Barony of Pontfract, and all his other Lands; under pretenceEx Coll. R. Glov. nuper Somerset Heraldi. of a Grant of them all from Henry de Lacy, Father of this last mentioned Robert. But in 5 Rich. 1. Roger de Lacy her Nephew, then Constable of Chester, came to an Agreement with her for the same, by a FineEx Coll. R. Glov. nuper Somerset Heraldi. then levied at Winchester, before H. Archbishop of Canterbury, William, Bishop of Ely (Chancellor to the King) and others: By which Fine, she the said Albreda Quit-claimed to him, all those Lands which did belong to Robert de Lacy. Whereupon, he the said Roger covenantedIbid. with her, that she should enjoy all the Lands which were Robert de Lisours her Father, for term of her life, by the Service of eight Knights Fees; and that after her decease, William her Son, and his Heirs, should inherit them, performing the same Service to him the said Roger and his Heirs. Upon which Agreement, this Roger also gaveIbid. to her Twenty pound Lands in Bardington, to hold during life; but afterwards her Son William and his Heirs, to enjoy the same, by the Service of one Knights Fee. In consideration of which Grant, she the said Albreda relinquishedIbid. to this Roger, all her Dowry in the Town of Hautone in Lindsey, in the County of Lincoln.

Being therefore come to this Roger, Roger Constable of Chester, Constable of Chester. I shall here take notice of his Parentage. He wasMon. Anglic Vol. 1. 905. n. 60. Ibid. b. n. 10, &c. Son of Iohn, Constable of Chester; and he the SonMon. Anglic Vol. 1. 905. n. 60. Ibid. b. n. 10, &c. of Richard Fitz-Eustace, Baron of Halton, and Constable of Chester, by Albreda de Lisours above-specified (Sister by the Mothers side, to the said Robert de Lacy, as hath been already observed.)

Which Iohn, Iohn thus coming to possess the Lands of Lacy, Constable of Chester. did also assume that sirname and Arms. But all that I have farther seen of him, is, That he bestowed on the Knights Hospitalers, the Lordship of K • esale, with the Churches of Flaflock and Marnham; which afterwards belonged to the Preceptory of Willoughton: And that he FoundedIbid. 896 b. n. 60. & 906 a. n. 20. the Abbey of Stanlaw in that part of Cheshire, called Wirhale, in An. 1178. (24 Hen. 2.)

Moreover, that he diedIbid. 906. n. 30. in the Holy Land, the next ensuing year; leaving issue byIbid. 905 b. l. 4. & 906 b. n. 20. Alice de Vere his Wife, SisterIbid. 905 b. l. 4. & 906 b. n. 20. of William de Mandevile, Roger his Son and Heir; as also Eustace Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 188. n. 20., and manyMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 188. n. 20. others; whereof Richard was one, to whom he gaveIbid. n. 30. the Town of More; and who, being afterwards a LeperIbid. n. 30., was buriedIbid. n. 30. in the Chapter House at Norton, near Halton Castle in Cheshire.

But I return to Roger.

This Roger Roger. wasJoreval. 1248. l. 3. at the siege of Acon (in the Holy Land,) with King Richard the First, An. 1192. (4 Rich. 1.) andJoreval. 1248. l. 3. likewise in that sharp fight against the Saracens, who endeavored to relieve it; as also at the siegeMat. Paris, p. 30 • & 30 • ., and taking of Damieta.

In 6 Rich. 1. he answeredRot Pip. 6 Rich. 1. 〈◊〉 bor. Forty three pound fifteen shillings for the Scutage, then levied upon occasion of the Kings Redemption.

And in 7 Rich. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 7 Ric. 1. 〈◊〉 . a Fine of Two thousand marks to the King for lively of all the Lands and Castles belonging to the Honor of Pontfract, late Robert de Lacies, excepting Pontfract Castle, which the King then retained in his own hands.

In 8 Rich. 1. being acquittedRot. Pip. 8 Rich. l. Ebor. of the third Scutage of Normandy (levied after the Kings Redemption) he paidRot. Pip. 8 Rich. l. Ebor. for the second Forty three pounds fifteen shillings.

In 1 Ioh. he undertookOblatae 1 Joh. m. 16. for the payment of Five hundred marks for Livery of the Lands of Guy de la Val, which he challengedOblatae 1 Joh. m. 16. as his own right, and which King Iohn by his CharterEx 〈◊〉 nuper in castello de 〈◊〉 . had granted to him, viz. The Barony of Pontfract, whereof the said Guy had possessed himself in King Henry the Second's time, as it seems; but uponR. Ho ••• 451 b. • 10. this Livery, he was constrained to give R. Ho ••• 451 b. • 10. his Son and Heir in hostage, for his future fidelity.

Moreover, shortly after the Coronation of that King, he was sentR. Ho ••• . fol. 461. with the Sheriff of Northumberland, and some other eminent Men of those parts, to conduct William, King of Scotland, unto Lincoln, where King Iohn resolved to meet him.

And in 2 Ioh. wasIbid. n. 〈◊〉 one of the Barons present at Lincoln, when David, King of Scotland did homage and fealty to King Iohn.

In 3 Ioh. he obtained a Grant of the Wardship of William, the Son of Robert Fitz-Ranulph, Lord of Middleham in Com. Ebor.

It seems that the Five hundred marks which he undertook in 1 Ioh. to pay for Livery of the Lands of Guy de lay Val, were not discharged in 4 Ioh. For it appearsRot. Pi • . 4 Joh. 〈◊〉 , that he then came to a new Contract for the same, viz. To pay the Money by a hundred marks per annum; and moreover, to give the King ten Palfreys, and ten Lease of Grey-hounds.

After this, scil. in 5 Ioh. being made Governor Mat. 〈◊〉 209. 〈◊〉 of the Castle of Roche-Andel • in France (which King Richard the First built) he heldMat. 〈◊〉 209. 〈◊〉 it out courageously against the French for a time: But at length forIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 40 & 〈◊〉 want of Victual, became necessitated to deliver it up, and was made their prisoner Ibid. 〈◊〉 n. 40 & 〈◊〉 Whereupon he was necessitated to require AidPat. 5 Jo • • . 1. of his Tenants, for raising Money to pay his Ransom.

About this time he gaveRot. Pip. 5 Joh. 〈◊〉 & Hartf. a thousand marks Fine for the Wardship of Richard de Munfichet (a great Baron in Essex.) And in 6 Ioh. was made ConstablePat. 6 J •• m. 6. of the Castle at Carleol; as also SheriffPat. 6 J •• m. 6. of Cumberland, and Governor Pat. 6 J •• m. 6. of the Castle at York.

In 7 Ioh. he obtained a GrantCart. 〈◊〉 AA. n. 16. from the King of the Mannor and Soke of Snaithe, to hold to himself and his Heirs, by the Service of one Knights Fee; and continuedRot. Pip. de 〈…〉 Cumb. & 〈◊〉 . Sheriff of Cumberland, to the end of the Eleventh year of that Kings Reign; so likewise for Yorkshire.

In 13 Ioh. upon Collection of the sixth Scutage of that King, he answeredRot. Pip. 13 Joh 〈◊〉 . for Forty three Knights Fees, an half, and fourth part, for the Fees of Lacy; and Twenty for the Fees of Guy de la Val: As alsoRot. Pi • . 13 Joh. 〈◊〉 & Har • f Forty seven pounds six shillings, for Forty seven Fees, and a fourth part, which were the Fees of Richard de Munfichet, whose Heir he then had in Ward.

In theMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 188 a. n. 30 & 40. time of this Roger, Ranulph, Earl of Chester, the last of that name, marching with some Forces into Wales; for want of more strength, was constrained to betake himself unto a Castle▪ in those parts (viz. Rothelan, ) where being besieged by the Welsh, he sent for this Roger, then at Chester, to come to his relief: Who, forthwith gatheringIbid. together divers Minstrels, and a multitude of loose people, advanced thitherward; which so alarmed the Welsh, supposing them to have been Soldiers, that they soon leftIbid. their siege. The Earl therefore for this good service, by his Constable, gave Ibid. him the Patronage of all the Minstrels in those parts; which he and his Heirs have ever after retained, but conferredIbid. upon Dutton his Steward, and his Heirs, the execution of that Authority.

Thus far my Author; but herein there is some mistake (as I think) which I shall endeavor to rectifie; adding some farther Circumstances for the better illustration of that story.

Certain it is, that Hugh, the first Earl of Chester of that name, after the Norman Conguest (to whom, after ages, for distinction, added the sirname of Lupus) in his CharterIbid. 202 a. • . 30. of Foundation of the Abbey of S. Werburge at Chester, vouchsafed such a Priviledge to those, who should come to Chester Fair; as that they might not be apprehended for Theft, or any other misdemeanor, during the time of the Fair; unless the crime were committed therein. Which special Protection, occasioning a multitude of loose people to resort thither, at that time; as it afterwards hapned, was of no small benefit to one of his Successors: For Ranulph, the last of that name, marchingHistory of Cambria by D. Powel, p. 296. into Wales, with a slender attendance; and therefore necessitated History of Cambria by D. Powel, p. 296. to betake himself to his Castle of Rothelan, to which, the Welsh forthwith laid siege; in that distress, sentHistory of Cambria by D. Powel, p. 296. to the Constable of Chester for help: Who, making use of the Minstrels of all sorts, then met at Chester Fair; by the allurement of their Musick, got together a vast number of such loose people, as, by reason of the before specified Priviledge, were then in that City, whom he forthwith sent under the conduct of Dutton (his Steward) towards Rothe • an. Of whose approach, the Welsh having advertisement, supposing them also to be armed, rose from the History of Cambria by D. Powel, p. 296. siege, whereby the Earl was delivered from that danger.

This is reported to have been done in the time of Roger, Constable of Chester; and so perhaps it was: But most certain it is, That it was Iohn, Constable of Chester (Son to that Roger) who, for the Reasons above expressed, had the Patronage of that rabble given him, in memory thereof, by that Earl; and thereupon grantedEx ipso Autogr. penès Rob. Vicecom. Kilmurtey, An. 1648. the same to Hugh de Dutton (his Steward) and his Heirs, by the name of Magisterium omnium Leccatorum, & meretricum totius Cestreshire, (these are the words of the Charter) Sicùt liberi • s illum Magisterium teneo de Comite; salvo jure meo, mihi & haeredibus meis. The exercise of which Jurisdiction hath ever since been, and still is thus used, viz. That at Midsummer Fair there, all the Minstrels of that Countrey, resorting to Chester, do attend the Heir of Dutton, from his Lodging to S. Iohns Church (he being then accompanied by many Gentlemen of the Countrey) one of them walking before him in a Surcoat of his Arms, depicted on Taffata; the rest of his Fellows proceeding (two and two) and playing on their several sorts of Musical Instruments. And after Divine Service ended, give the like attendance on him back to his Lodging; where a Court being kept by his Steward, and all the Minstrels formally called; certain Orders and Laws are usually made for the better Government of that Society, with Penalties upon those who transgress.

But to proceed, this Roger de Lacy heldTesta de N • vil Lanc. Five Knights Fees of the Fee of Cliderhou, and four more, whereof his Barony of Constable of Chester did consist.

This is all that I have seen of him, other than that he gaveEx ipso Autogr. penès H. S. George equ. aur. nuper Norroy R. Armorum. 905 b. n. 40. to the Monks of Stanlaw, all the Lordship of Mortland, which he bought of Alan de Morland; as alsoMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 754 b. n. 50. the Advowson of the Church of Rochdale in Com. Lanc. with Brindwood, and four Ox-Gangs of Land in Castelton; andMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 754 b. n. 50. to the Abbey of Fountaines in Com. Ebor. his Lordship of Bradley. Moreover, that having marriedMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. 188 a. n 30. Maud de Clere, Sister to the Treasurer of York Cathedral, he diedIb. 188 b. n. 60. Mat. Paris, p. 230 n. 50. upon the First day of S. Remigius, An. 1211. (13 Ioh.) and was buriedMona • t. Anglic. Vol 1., 906 a. n. 30. at Stanlaw, in the Quire of that Abbey Church, with Maud his Wife, having this EpitaphIbid. 90 • b. n. 20. on his Tomb. Hic sepelitur Heros generosus in orbe Rogerus, Conjuge cum chará, quam mors prostravit amara. Forti Sampsoni similis fuit, atque leoni; Tauro cornuto pungendi semper acuto. Tectum torace nullus super are valebat; Regnum cum pace miles sub Rege regebat. Nullius Trojanus par sibi fuit in probitate, Victor in aetate fuit alter Vespasianus. Sectas Persarum, Medorum, Sparsiatarum, Graecos, Cretenses, Romanos bella moventes, Hic dum pugnavit, pugnans pugnando donavit, Vivus ut opravit, defuncto tumba paratur. Pictor adornavit petram sub qu • tumulatur, Inferni claustro careat perflatus ab Austro. Sit prece Conventus fulgoris in arce retentus. Inclita matrona, digna Matilda corona, Sit cum matre pia Christi conjuncta Maria, Qui legis absque morâ, pro fundatoribus ora.

To this Roger succeeded Iohn Iohn. his Son and Heir; who, in the fifteenth of Iohn, undertook the paymentRot. Fin. 15 Joh. m. 6. of Seven thousand marks to the King, in the space of four years, for LiveryRot. Fin. 15 Joh. m. 6. of the Lands of his Inheritance; and to be discharged Rot. Fin. 15 Joh. m. 6. of all his Fathers Debts due to the Exchequer: Farther obligingRot. Fin. 15 Joh. m. 6. himself by Oath, That in case he should ever fall from his Allegiance, and adhere to the Kings Enemies, all his Possessions should resort to the Crown; promising Rot. Fin. 15 Joh. m. 6. also, that he would not marry without the Kings License.

By which Agreement, it was concludedIbid., That the King should retain the Castles of Pontfract and Dunnington, still in his own hands; and that he the said Iohn should allow Forty pound per annum for the custody of them. But, the next ensuing year, he had Dunnington restoredClaus. 16 Joh. m. 22. to him upon Hostages.

About this time, he adheredMatth. Paris, p. 254. to the Rebellious Barons then in Arms, and was one of the Five and twenty electedM. Paris, in Anno 12 • 5. p. 262 n 10. by them, for governing of the Realm; whereunto, the King, by reason of their potency, was necessitated to submit. At which time, these Five and twenty, Cantonising Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 362. the Kingdom amongst themselves, he had Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire allottedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 362. to his share: But, the next ensuing year, having undergone the Popes ExcommunicationMatth. Paris, 277. n. 20. for his activeness in that affair, he soon after obtained LettersPat. 17 Joh. m. 11. of safe conduct to come to the King, to make his peace. The like LettersPat. 1. H. 3. m. 7. of safe conduct he had in 1 Hen. 3. And in 2 Hen. 3. went (Mat Paris, p 303. n. 30. with divers other English Nobles) into the Holy Land.

But more of this Iohn I have not seen, until he became Earl of Lincoln; unto which Honor he was advanced▪ in respect of his Marriage with Margaret, the Daughter of Robert de Quincy, by Hawise his Wife, fourth Sister of Ranulph, the last of that name, Earl of Chester, and one of his Coheirs; whereunto, that Earl of Chester, was movedEx quodam Registro Petroburgensis exnob •• , per Will, de Wittesey olim ej • sdem Monachum., by reason of the good service which this Iohn, Constable of Chester, had done in the Holy Land. For the same Earl Ranulph, who was likewise Earl of Lincoln (as in my Discourse of him is shewed) by a formal Charter Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. under his Seal, granted the Earldom of Lincoln, id est, All that he could grant thereof, unto Hawise his Sister, To the end she might be Countess, and that her heirs might also enjoy it.

Of which Grant, the King did so far allow, as that at her requestMat. Paris, in Anno 1232 p. 380. n. 10. Pat. 17 H. 3 m 9. n. 35., he conferredMat. Paris, in Anno 1232 p. 380. n. 10. Pat. 17 H. 3 m 9. n. 35. the same Honor upon this Iohn de Lacy, Constable of • h • ster, and the heirs of his Body, by the same Margaret her Daughter; as by his Charter Mat. Paris, in Anno 1232 p. 380. n. 10. Pat. 17 H. 3 m 9. n. 35. dated at Northampton, 23 Novemb. 17 Hen. 3. appeareth; as alsoMat. Paris, in Anno 1232 p. 380. n. 10. Pat. 17 H. 3 m 9. n. 35. the same annual sum of Twenty pound, which Ranulph, late Earl of Chester and Lincoln, did receive in lieu of the Tertium Denarium of that County, in the name of the Earldom of Lincoln. Howbeit, before the end of this year (scil. 17 Hen. 3.) uponMat. Paris, in Anno 1 • 33 p. 387 n. 30. that great difference then hapning, betwixt the King and Richard, Earl Marshal, wherein divers of the Nobles adhered to that Earl: This Iohn, Earl of Lincoln, partly in consideration of this favor, but cheiflyMat. Paris, in Anno 1 • 33 p. 387 n. 30. for that he was corrupted with Money, by Peter de Rupibus, Bishop of Winchester, (who gaveMat. Paris, in Anno 1 • 33 p. 387 n. 30. unto him, and to Iohn Scot, Earl of Chester, a thousand marks) fellMat. Paris, in Anno 1 • 33 p. 387 n. 30. off from this Earl, and joynedIbid. 446. with the King. In 18 Hen. 3. for the sum of a thousand marks, he obtainedRot. Fin. 18 H. 3. m. 8. the Wardship and Marriage of Roger, the Brother and Heir to Nigel de Moubray; and the same year was constituted Pat. 18 H. 3. m. 17. Governor of the Castle of Blankminster.

Mor • over, in Anno 1237. (21 Hen. 3.) Mat Pa ••• , 447. n. 50. upon the meeting of that great Council, of all the Prelates of England, by appointment of Otto, the Popes Legate, he wasMat Pa ••• , 447. n. 50. one of those, whom the King sent to prohibite the Legate, from establishing any thing derogatory to his Crown and Dignity. Likewise, upon Advertisement Ibid. 448. to the Legate, that divers persons, nobly descended, who enjoyed Pluralities of Ecclesiastical Benefices, had laid wait to do him mischief; he was sentIbid. 448. (together with the Earl Marshal, and the Earl of Leicester, and a multitude of the Kings Houshold, well armed) to guard him to, and from that Council.

And in the same year had a GrantPat. 21 H. 3. m. 5. of the Sheriffalty of Cheshire, being then also constituted GovernorPat. 21 H. 3. m. 5. of the Castle of Che •• er; as also, of that on the Rock (commonly called Beeston Castle:) And likewise, had another GrantIbid. m. • . conditional, viz. That in case the King could not attract the Earl of March to his service, by the Marriage of Richard de Clare, with a Daughter of the same Earl, before the Feast of S. Hillary, then next ensuing; that then this Iohn should have the Marriage of the same Richard, for his eldest Daughter; for which Grant, he promised Ibid. Five thousand marks, whereof the King acquitted Ibid. to him Two thousand; whereupon he marriedPat. 22 H. 3. m. 10. Rot. Pip. 22 H. 3. Ebor. her, her name being Maud. Which Marriage being consummated by the King, without the consent of the Baronage, raised high discontent Mat. Westm. in An. 1238. in Richard, Earl of Clare, (the Father of the same Richard) and likewise in most of the English Nobles.

This Earl Iohn hadPlac. de Jur. & Assis. 35 H. 3. Rot. 4. Ebor. Return of all the Kings Writs, throughout the Wapentakes of Staincross and Os •• od-Cross in Com. Ebor. And this farther Priviledge, ThatPlac. de Jur. & Assis. 35 H. 3. Rot. 4. Ebor. all Merchants-Strangers, coming by Water to the Town of Pon • fract, should be free from Payment of any Toll.

And in 24 Hen. 3. exercisedRot. Pip. 24 H. 3 Ches •• . the Sheriffs Office again in Cheshire, but diedMat. Westm. in An. 1240. before the end of that year, viz. Upon S. Mary Magdalens day; leaving Margaret his Wife, surviving, who had Claus. 24 H. 3. m. 4. the Mannors of Ingoldemers, Choresby, Houton, and Seggebrock, assigned by the King for her maintenance, until her Dowry, out of his Lands, should be set forth. Which Margaret afterwards marriedClaus. 32 H. 3. m. 5. to William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke.

By this Margaret he left issue one Son, viz. Edmund, and two Daughters; which two Daughters, in 27 Hen. 3. were sentClaus. Vascon. 27 H. 3 • p. 1. m. 1. for to Windsor, there to be educated with the Kings own Daughters. And departing this life, upon the Feast day of S. Mary Magdalen, An. 1240. (24 Hen. 3.) was buried in the Abbey of Stanlaw, with this EpitaphMonast Anglic. Vol. 1. 906 b. n. 40. on his Tomb. Egregii Comitis an haec est Tumba Johannis, Hostibus immitis cunctis dum vixerat annis. Iure suum Comitem luget Lincolnia mitem Quem plangunt unum Cestrensia castra tribunum. Anglia flet ritè tali caruisse Quirite, Et Stanlaw bonum dolet amisisse Patronum. Christo devotus miles fuit undique notus, Wallia quem Scotus tenuit, mundus quoque totus. Gallus & Hispanus, Normannus, Brito quo que Danus, Almannus gnarus Bello, Lumbardus avarus: Indus & obscenus gentilis, atrox Saracenus, Aethiopes fusci, Graeci, Babylonia, Tusci. Rex & Soldanus omnis populusque profanus, Hunc cum cernebant armatum corde tremebant, Vicit eum vermis, qui victor erat in armis Sic & vincemus: Pro quo dicendo precemur, Vltima censura cum venerit illa futura I. Comes à dir • servetur Iudicis irâ.

Which Edmund, Edmund. his Son and Successor, in 31 Hen. 3. tookMat. Paris, in An. 1247. p. 732. l. • . to Wife an outlandishAlice, Daughter to the Marquess of Sa •• ces in Italy. Lady (from the parts of Savoy) broughtIbid. over purposely for him, by the procurement of Peter de Savoy (Uncle to the Queen) which occasioned much discontent from the Nobles of England. And in 35 Hen. 3. obtained a CharterCart. 35 H. 3. m. 8. for Free Warren in all his Demesn Lands of these following Lordships, viz. Pontfract, Rowel, Ledes, Berwick, Secroft, Bradford, Alemanebiry, Wridlesford, Oltone, Carleton, Lofthous, Helmeshal, Alreton, Snaithe, Stanbiry, Manningham, Slaitburne, Castelford, Methelay, Grenlington, Houghton, Herdewike, Braford, in Bouland, Swilington, Farnelegh, and Backshelf, in Com. Ebor. Dunington in Com. Liecest. Wadeho in Com. Northam. Wydnes, Cliderho, Chatteburne, Dounum, Hyghtenbull, Wurtheston, Padiham, Brunley, Brereclive, Parva-Merlesden, Cromington, Peulton, Caune, Magna-Merchesden, Apelton, Upton, and Totington, in Com. Lanc.

Moreover, he hadEsc. 35 H. 3. n. 51. Wreck of Sea throughout all his Lordships in Com. Linc.

He then also obtained another CharterEx Autogr. nuper in Castro de Pontfract. from King Henry the Third, for a weekly Market every Wednesday at Tanshelf, within his Lordship of Pontfract; and a Fai • yearly for three days, viz. On the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of the Holy Trinity.

In An. 1256. (40 Hen. 3.) this Edmund, havingEx magno Registro in Officio Ducatus Lanc. formerly, in Gascoigne, treated with William Longespe, about a Marriage betwixt Henry his Son, and Margaret, Daughter of the said William; didEx magno Registro in Officio Ducatus Lanc. then (viz. on Friday before Christmas- day) Seal unto certain Covenants, in order to those Nuptials; viz. Ex magno Registro in Officio Ducatus Lanc. That she the said Margaret, should have in Frank-marriage, the Lordships of Burnecesire and Middleton; and that she, in consideration thereof, should be endowed of the Mannors of Skippeys and Scales, with their Appurtenances: And for the Kings License thereto (whereby it appearsRot. Fin. 41 H. 3. m. 9., that she was eldest of the Daughters and Heirs to William Longespe) he gaveRot. Fin. 41 H. 3. m. 9. ten marks in Gold. By which Covenants, it was likewise agreedPat. 41 H. 3. m. 15.; That if the said Henry should die before the compleating of that Marriage, then his younger Son, Iohn de Laci, should take her to wife on the like Terms.

In 42 Hen. 3. this Edmund received command Claus. 1. H. 3. in orso m. 1. from the King, to prepare himself with Horse and Arms, to march into Scotland, with such other Forces, as the King should at that time send; forClaus. 〈◊〉 H. 3. in orso m. 1. rescuing the King of Scots, then in minority (who had married the Daughter of King Henry) out of the hands of his Rebellious Subjects that kept him in restraint.

The like PreceptIbid. n. 20. • he had to be at Chester, upon Monday next, preceding the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, to oppose the hostile incursions of the Welsh.

As to his Works of Piety: Certain it is, that this Edmund builtLell. Itin. Vol. 1. fol. 4. the House of the White Friers in Pontfract; and, forMonast. Angl. 8 • a. n. 10. the health of the Souls of Iohn his Father, Margaret his Mother, and Alice his Wife, confirmedMonast. Angl. 8 • a. n. 10. to the Monks of Roche Abbey in Yorkshire, all the Lands whereof they were possessed, by gift or purchase, within the precinct of his Barony of Pontfract; likewiseMonast. Angl. 8 • a. n. 10., of those in his Constablery of Chester, and Barony of Cickhill; as alsoMonast. Angl. 8 • a. n. 10. of what they had in his Soke of Snaith. He had issue a Daughter, called Margaret, designedRot. Fi. 38 H. 3. n. 7. to be married unto George de Cantilupe, Baron of Bergaveny.

As to the Title of Earl of Lincoln, he never used it; not was it ever attributed to him in any Grant; though he enjoyed the Tertium Denarium of that County, as may be seen by a Record Claus 4 E • . 2. m. 2 • . of after time: But upon the Feast day of S. Mary Magdalen (scil. 21 Iulii.) next following (42 Hen. 3) he departedMS in 〈◊〉 Bodl. G. 9. Cant.) f. 125 b. this life, and was buried at Stanlaw, with this EpitaphMonast Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 906 b. n. 40. on his Tomb. Mors probst Edmundi brevis est quod gloria mundi Mendax & mundus, quamvis quandoque secundus. Scandere qui primò cum cepit lapsus in ymo; Monstrat quod mundus est labilis, atque rotundus: Nilque fit in mundo, quod non pertransit eundo, Protinus à mundo, cum sit quasi vas sine fundo. Ergo det Edmundo Deus à contamine mundo Vti jocundo vultu Christi redeundo. Respice qui transis, in me circumspice quid sis, Exemploque mei, sis memor ipse tui. Sum quod eris, quod es ipse fui, mundoque superstes mundi! Florueram mundo, terra cinisque modo. Quid probitas! quid opes! quid honor, quid gloria Omnia quid fuerint, cum cecidere docent? Hic jacet & funus, Cestrensis jure tribunus:

Me pro posse bonum sensit domus ista Patronum.

Whereupon Alice his Widow, in August following, had for her Dowry the Lordships of Rowell, Ledes, Berwick; Snaith with the Soke; Sleitburne, in Bouland, Criklinton, and Bradford, in Com. Ebor. As also Widenes in Com. Lanc. assignedClaus. 42 H. 3. m. 3. unto her. She had likewise a GrantPat. 54 H. 3. m. 27. from the King of the custody of all the Lands of him the said Edmund (her late Husband) and Guardianship of his Heir; for which she gave a Fine of Three thousand seven hundred fifty four pounds fourteen shillings eight pence; which sum was imployed Pat. 54 H. 3. m. 27. by that King in his new structure of the Abbey Church of Westminster.

And in 4 Edw. 2. Quit-claimedEx Autogr. in Bibl. Hatton. to the House of the Holy Trinity at York, and to the Prior and Monks there serving God, all her Interest and Title to the Advowson of the Church of Leeds.

I now come to Henry de Lacy, Henry. Son to this last mentioned Edmund. This Henry having married Joh. Tin • mouth. MS. in Bibl Bodl. l. 20. c. 95. Ypod. Neustr. p. 60. n. 5. Margaret the sole Daughter and Heir of William Longespe, Son of William Longespe, Earl of Salisbury, hadJoh. Tinemouth. MS. in Bibl Bodl. l. 20. c. 95. Ypod. Neustr. p. 60. n. 5. thereupon the Earldom of Salisbury.

In An. 1169. (52 Hen. 3.) there being a great controversieM West • . in eodem Anno. betwixt Iohn de Warren, and this Henry, concerning a certain pasture; each prepared M West • . in eodem Anno. themselves with all the power they could make to try it out by blows: But the King having knowledge of this their purpose, directed M West • . in eodem Anno. his Justices to them to hear and determine thereof; who thereupon adjudgedM West • . in eodem Anno. it to this Henry.

Being not then of age, and in Ward to the King, he had an assignationClaus. 52 H. 3. m. 12. of Three hundred pound per annum out of the Fermes of Lincoln and Grimesby, by the Kings special appointment; and soon after, doing his homageIbid. m. 5., with Margaret his Wife, he had LiveryIbid. m. 5. in her right, of all the Lands whereof the said William Longespe died seised. Moreover, in An. 1272. (56 Hen. 3.) he received the HonorEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Lell. Coll. Fol. • . • 80. of Knighthood (with Edmund, Son and Heir to Richard, King of Alwain, and Fifty four besides) upon the Feast day of S. Edward, and was then made Earl of Lincoln. The same year likewise, he was made Governor of Kna • esborough CastlePat. 56 H. 3. m. 16.. And in 5 Edw. 1. had LiveryClaus. 5 Edw. 1. m. 8. of the Fee which his Ancestors had usually received Nomine Comitatus Lin • . with all the arrearsClaus. 5 Edw. 1. m. 8. from the time he was girt by King Henry the Third with the Sword of that Earldom.

In 6 Edw. 1. he obtained a CharterCart. 6 Ed. 1. n 15 for a weekly Market on the Wednesday at his Mannor of Dun • ngton in Com. Leic. And a Fair yearly on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Edward. Moreover, in 9 Edw. 1. he had the like CharterCart. 9 Ed. 1. n. 62. for a weekly Market on the Tuesday at his Mannor of Buckby in Com. Northam. and two Fairs yearly; one on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Philip and Iames; the other on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Michael, and one day following. In 10 Edw. 1. he procured a Charter Cart. 10 E. • . n. • 0. for Free Warren in all his Demesn Lands of Congeiton and • n • robus in Cheshire; as also a Market and two Fairs at Congelton; a Market and a Fair at W • infleet in Com. Linc. a Market at Wrangel, and another at Toreny, all in that County.

In the same year he wasRot. • e Seutag. Wall. m. 4. in that expedition then made into Wales. And upon that Recognition Rot. Mar • schal 10 Edw. 1. m 5. then made at Rothelan in Wales, of the services appertaining to King Edward, he acknowledgedRot. Mar • schal 10 Edw. 1. m 5. seven Knights Fees and an half to be due from him for his own Inheritance, and the Inheritance of Margaret his Wife.

Certain it isLel. Itin. Vol. 5. f. 46., that after King Edward the First had utterly subdued the Welsh, and possessed himself of all that Country, he much studied the fortifying thereof, especially Nor •• Wa • es, and the Marches; and for that respectLel. Itin. Vol. 5. f. 46. gave to this Henry (for that he had marriedLel. Itin. Vol. 5. f. 46. into the Blood of those Princes) the Land of Denb • gh. Whereupon he beganLel. Itin. Vol. 5. f. 46. the Town of Denbigh, Walling it, and making a Castle there; on the Front whereof was his StatueIbid. f. 48. in long Robes: And every Sunday (antiently) PrayersIbid. f. 48. made in Saint Hillaries Chappel there for Lacy and Percy.

But, having been long married, and doubting whether he should ever have issue; in 20 Edw. 1. he rendredRot. • in. 20 Edw. 1. m. 1. up his Castle and Barony of Pontfract, with all the Mannors, Hamlets, and other things thereto belonging, into the Kings hands, upon condition, as it seems: For thereupon the King by his CharterCart. 2 • Ed. • . • . 29. dated at Newca •• le upon Tine, 28 Decemb. 21 Edw. 1. Regranted the same Castle, Honor, &c. excepting the Mannor of Thores • y in Com. Linc. unto him, and to the heirs of his Body, with Remainder to to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, the Kings Brother. and to the heirs of his Body: And for want of such issue to the King and his Heirs. The like he didRot. Fin. • 2 Edw. 1. m 7. for his Mannors of Thoresby, Wache, Ingoldemels, Wrangell, Steping, and Wainfleet, in Com. Linc. Kingston in Com. Dors. Cliderhou Castle and Mannor, with the Chases and Parks thereunto belonging in Com. La •• . The Castle and Town of Halton in Cheshire, and the Castle of Denbigh in Wa • es.

In this One and twentieth year of Edward the First, he was sent AmbassadorThe Walf. in eodem anno p. 23. n. 10. to the King of France, to treat concerning the Restraint of such Pirates as robbed their Merchants. And in 22 Edw. 1. he attendedIbid. p. 26 n 10. H Knighton, 2471. n. 60. the King with his Army into Wales; where, not far from the Castle of Denbigh, they received a great repulseIbid. p. 26 n 10. H Kinghton, 2471, n. 60.

In this Two and twentieth year the King Regranted Cart. 22 Ed. 1 n a. to him for life, the Mannors of Thoreby, Wathe, Ingoldmels, Wrangel, Steping, and Wainfleet, in Com. Linc. Remainder to Thomas, the Son of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, and Alice his Wife, sole Daughter of the said Henry; and to the heirs of their two Bodies lawfully begotten; and for lack of such issue, to the right heirs of the said Thomas. As alsoIbid. n. 3. all the Castles, Mannors, and Lands, which he the said Henry had in the Counties of Chester and Lancaster; the Mannor of Kingstone in Com. Dors. The Mannor of Slaitburne in Bouland, and Snaith in Com. Ebor, And all other the Mannors and Lands, which Alice, the Mother of him the said Henry, held in Dowry in Com. Linc. So likewiseIbid. n. 4. the Mannor of Sutton in Com. Lanc. which was of the Inheritance of Margaret his Wife.

And moreover Granted to him a special CharterCart. 22 Edw. 1. n. 23., for certain Markets and Fairs, to be thenceforth held in these his Lordships, viz. A Market on the Munday every week at Middelington in Com. Oxon. And a Fair yearly on the Eve and day of S. Thomas the Martyr. A Market upon the Munday at Urbridge in Com. Middles. And a Fair yearly on the Eve, and day of S. Nicholas. A Market every week upon the ... at Charlton-Camvile in Com. Somerset. And a Fair yearly on the Eve and day of the Translation of S. Thomas the Martyr. A Market on the Tuesday every week at his Mannor of Brumley in Com. Lanc. And a Fair yearly on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feasts of the Apostles, Peter and Paul Cart. 22 Edw. 1. n. 23.. Furthermore, a Market weekly on the Munday at Almanbury in Com. Ebor. And a Fair on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Ascension of our Lord. As also a Fair yearly at Slaitburne, upon the Eve and day of S. Peter ad Vincula, and two days following. A Market on the Thursday at Camsale, and a Fair on the Eve, day and morrow of S. Mary Magdalen, and two days following. A Market every week upon the Tuesday at Bradford; and a Fair on the Eve and day of S. Peter ad Vincula, and three days following. Lastly, A Market upon the Wednesday at Pontfract, and a Fair on the Eve of Palm Sunday, the day, and three days following.

In which year, he wasRot Vascon. 22 Ed • . 1. n 11. also in that expedition then made into Gascoigne. So likewise C •• o MS. in Bibl. B • dl. ( • high • . 170.) fol, 2 • a. the next ensuing year, Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, being then GeneralC •• o MS. in Bibl. B • dl. ( • high • . 170.) fol, e • . a.; at which time, they marchedC •• o MS. in Bibl. B • dl. ( • high • . 170.) fol, e • . a. to Layoun.

In An. 1295. (23 Edw. 1.) he was • . Westm. ineodem a • n. in that expedition, then made into Britanny with the same. Edmund, Earl of Lancaster. And in 24 Edw. 1. accompaniedTho. Wal • . p 19. n. 30. him again thither; at which time, many Castles were rendredYpod. Neu ••• . p. 80. H Knighton, 2507 & 2508. to them. And when they came within two miles of Burdeau • , gave BattleYpod. Neu ••• . p. 80. H Knighton, 2507 & 2508. to the French Army, which they forced to retreat thither; and pursuing, burntYpod. Neu ••• . p. 80. H Knighton, 2507 & 2508. a great part of the Suburbs there. Moreover, not long after the Earl of Lancaster, departingIbid. this life in those parts he was, by the consent of the whole Army, madeIbid. General; where besiegingIbid. 25 •• the City of Hays, for seven weeks, he, almost every day, assualted it; but at length hearing that the Earl of Artoise approached approached for the releif of it, he retreatedIbid. to Bayon. Whence, marching with Iohn de Saint Iohn, towards Bellagard, then besiegedTho Wals. p. 39. n. 10. by that Earl; and approachingTho Wals. p. 39. n. 10. near a Wood about three miles distant, he dividedTho Wals. p. 39. n. 10. his Army into two parts, whereof the Van was ledTho Wals. p. 39. n. 10. by Iohn de S. Iohn, and the Rear by himself; but having past the Wood, where S. Iohn meeting the Enemy, begon the fight; discerning their strength, he retreated Tho Wals. p. 39. n. 10. Bayon, leaving the rest to shift for themselves; so that S. Iohn Tho Wals. p. 39. n. 10., and many other were, by reason thereof, taken prisoners.

Howbeit, notwithstanding this, before the end of that year, he raisedIbid. 38. n. 30. the siege of S. Catherines in Gascoigne, which those of Tholouse had laid to it; and then sailedIbid. 38. n. 30. into Flanders. Whence returning for England, he was the year following imployedRot Scoc. 26 Ewd. 1. m. 9. into Scotland. And not long after, viz. in 27 Edw. 1. received command Claus. 27 Edw. 1. m. 10. to be at York, upon the Feast day of S. Peter ad Vincula, to consultClaus. 27 Edw. 1. m. 10. with the Archbishop there, and divers other Nobles, for manning of the King Castles in Scotland, and guarding of the Marches.

In 28 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Protect. 28 Edw. 1. m. 12. again in the Wars of Scotland; and the same year was sentTho. Wals. p. 47. n 40. to the Pope by King Edward the First with Sir Hugh Spenser, to complain of divers injuries received from the Scots; and moreover, made Lieutenant Claus. 28 Ed. 1. m. 8. of Gascoigne.

In 29 Edw. 1. he was constitutedPat. 29. Ed. 1. m. 31. Governor of Corff Castle; and in 31 Edw. 1. joyned in CommissionRot. Alemanab An. 22. usque 31 Ed. 1. m 5. with the Bishop of Winchester and other, to Treat of Peace betwixt King Edward, and Philip, King of France.

In An. 1305. (33 Edw. 1.) he was sentYpod. Neustr. 96. n. 40. M. Westm. in eodem anno. over with the Bishops of Lichfield and Worcester, to the solemn inauguration of the Pope at Lions, and presented him with divers Vessels of pure Gold from the King.

In which year he wasRot. Vascon. 33 Ed 1 m. 23. again in the Wars of Gascoigne, and had a GrantCart 33 Ed. 1. n. 12. of a weekly Market upon the Saturday, at his Mannor of Wainfleet in Com. Linc. As also a yearly Fair on the Eve and day of Pentecost, and fourteen days following. And moreover,Ibid. n. 52. a Market every Thursday at Swinfleet in Com. Ebor. And a Fair yearly on the morrow after the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, and three days following.

In 34 Edw. 1. he wasRot. S • o • . 34 Ed. 1. m. 3. again in the Wars of Scotland; and in An. 1307. (35 Edw. 1.) being withLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 664. King Edward upon his Death-Bed at Burgh • upon Sands in Cumberland; he wasLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 664. one of those, whom that King desired to be good to his Son, and not to permit Piers de Gavaston to return again into England.

Furthermore (upon the death of that King) in 1 Edw. 2. he, with divers other of the Earls and Barons; entredEx ipso Au • ogr. sub eorum Sigillis in Bibl. Cotton into a Solemn League to defend his Son, King Edward the Second; as also his Honor, and the Rights of his Crown; and was the same year made GovernorPat. 1 Ed. 2. p. 1. m. 21. of Skipton Castle in Com. Ebor. So likewise inRot. Fin. 3 Ed. 2. m 14. 3 Edw. 2. And in 4 Edw. 2. uponPat. 4 Ed. 2 p. 1. m. 18. the advance of that King towards Scotland, was constitutedPat. 4 Ed. 2 p. 1. m. 18. Governor of this Realm in his absence.

Amongst other Lordships, this Henry had Ex coll R. Gl. S. è Lelandi Itin. Grantcester, near Cambridge, where he placedEx Coll R. Gl. S. è Lelandi Itin. one of his Kinsmen (a Bastard sonEx Coll R. Gl. S. e Lelandi ltin., as it was said) appointingEx Coll R. Gl. S. è Lelandi Itin., That he and his Successors, should always name their eldest Son by the name of Henry; which was afterwards accordingly observed.

Thus much as to his Secular Actions, I come now to his Works of Piety.

In 12 Edw. 1. he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p 901. n. 60. the Advowson of the Church of Whally to the Monks of Stanlaw, and permittedIbid. 902. n 30 & 40. them to translate their Covent thither (viz. to Whalley) with power to remove the Bones of his Ancestors, and all others there Interred, to that place; but took Ibid. 902 b. n 10. the Chappel of his Castle at Cliderhou from that Mother-Church.

In 13 Edw. 1. he ratifiedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 307 a. n 60. & b. n. • 0. the Grant of a place called Ruddegate, made by Henry Torbock and Eleve his Wife, to the Canons of Burscough in Com. Lanc. with caution, That one Leper of his Lordship of Widenes, should thenceforth be admitted and maintained in that Priory; and that Mass should be there celebrated always yearly at Easter; as also, that his name, and the name of Margaret his Wife should be Registred in their Martyrology.

Moreover, with the said Margaret, he gave Ibid. 899 • . to the Canons of Bromhall in Berkshire, One hundred Acres of his Waste at Asserige. And in 32 Edw. 1. for the health of his Soul, and the Soul of his Ancestors, he gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 373 b. n. 40 & 50. leave to the Monks of Selby, to have that antient Churchyard at Whitgift, which had been long before consecrated, thereon to build a Church or Chappel to the honor of S. Mary Magdalen, for the benefit of the Inhabitants of Ousfleet, Whitegift, Esktoft, Redness, and Swinfleer; as also, for certain Land-holders in Folquarby and Haldenby, all in the Parish of Snaith.

He likewise gave Ibid p. 845 a n. 40. to the Monks of Salley, a certain Waste lying over against their Abbey; and to Lel. Coll. vol. 3. p. 251. the Shrine of S. Edmund, three gilt Crosses, and a Carbuncle. Also Lel. Coll. Vol. • . p. 251. a Cup of Silver gilt, which was said to be S. Edmunds, with part Lel. Coll. Vol. • . p. 251. of his Mannor of Bradenham; And in An. 1312. (5 Edw. 2.) discerning Tho Walf. in Anno 1312 〈◊〉 Ed. 2.) p. 74. n. 20. his death near to approach, he called Tho Walf. in Anno 1312. 〈◊〉 Ed. 2.) p. 74. n. 20. to his Son-in-Law, Thomas, Earl of Lancester, and representing Tho Walf. in Anno 1312. 〈◊〉 Ed. 2.) p. 74. n. 20. to him, how highly God had honored him. and inriched him above others, told Thou Walf. in Anno 1312. 〈◊〉 Ed. 2.) p. 74. n. 20. him, That he was obliged to love and honor God above all things. Seest thou (quoth he) the Church of England heretofore honorable and free, enslaved by Romish oppressions, and the Kings unjust exactions! Seest thou the Common People impoverished by Tributes and Taxes, and from the condition of Freemen reduced to a servitude! Seest thou th • Nobility, formerly venerable through Christendom, vilified by Aliens in their own Native Countrey! I therefore charge thee by the Name of Christ, to stand up like a Man; for the Honor of God, and his Church, and Redemption of thy Countrey; associating thy self to that valiant, noble and prudent Person, Guy, Earl of Warwick, when it shall be most proper to discourse of the Publick Affairs of the Kingdom; who is so judicious in Counsel, and mature in Iudgment: Fear not thy opposers, who shall contest against thee in the truth. And if thou pursuest this my advice, thou shalt gain eternal Honor.

And having ended his Speech, departedChro. Abb. de Stanlaw in Bibl. Arundelian • . S • ows Survey, p. 488. this life at his Mansion House, called Lincolns. Inn, in the Suburbs of London (which he himself had builtChro. Abb. de Stanlaw in Bibl. Arundelian • . S • ows Survey, p. 488. in that place, where part of the Black Fryers habitation antiently stood) and was buriedStow • Survey, p. 367 b. in the East Part of the new Work of S. Pauls Cathedral in London, betwixt our Ladies Chappel, and S. Dunstans Chappel, being then seisedEsc. 4. E • . 2. n. 50. of the Mannor of Caldone in Com. Staff. Grantseat in Com. Cantabr. of a certain Wapentake at Riseley in Com. Derb. held every three Weeks of the Mannor of Knesale, and Wapentake of Allerton in Com. Nottingham. Bock ... in Com. Northam. Gretham and Thorlay in Com. Linc. As also of the Mannors of Segbroke and Brocetby with its Members, viz. Suauby in Kesfeven, and Sutton in Ho • land; and likewise, the Town and Castle of Bolingbroke, with the Soke, in the same County. Of the Town and Castle of Donington in Com. Leicest. Of the Mannors of Charleton and Hensrug in Com. Sommers. Of the Territory of Roos and Rewenok, and Commote of Caimergh, with the Castle of Dinebegh in North Wales.

Moreover, by the curtesie of England, of the Inheritance of Margaret his Wife deceased (sole Daughter and Heir to William Longespe, Son of William Longespe, Earl of Salisbury,) of the Mannor of Holmere, in the Parish of Little Mussenden in Com. Buck. of the Mannors of Eggewere and Kingesoone; Cobham and Urbridge in Com. Middles. A • dington and Avington in Com. Berks. Burnecester and Mudlington in Com. Oxoniens. Aldehorne, Winterburne, and Ambresbury, in Com. Wilts. Laneford, Kingstone, with the Town and Hamlet of Winburne in Com. Dorset. And of the Castle and Mannor of Clifford, with the Hundred of Blesbury in Com. Hereford. leaving no Issue-Male; his Son having been drownedLel. Itin. Vol. 5. fol. 48. History of Camba by D. • ow • , p. 377 & 378. in a deep Well, within a High Tower called the Red Tower in Denbigy Castle, divers years before, which was the reasonLel. Itin. Vol. 5. fol. 48. History of Camba by D. • ow • , p. 377 & 378. that he never finished that Castle; Ioan his second Wife, SisterEsc. 19. Ed. 2. n▪ 〈◊〉 . and Heir of William Martin surviving, whose marriage King Edward the Second grantedClaus. 7 Ed. 2. m. 27. to Ralph de Monthermer. Which Ioan, without his LicenseIbid. or the Kings, marriedIbid. to Nicholas de Audley (a great Baron in Staffordshire.) Whereupon the Honor of Pontfreact cameEsc 22 Ed. 3. to Alice his Daughter, and sole Heir, Wife of the before specified Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, Son and Heir to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, (Brother to King Edward the First) accordingEsc 22 Ed. 3. to the Intail already mentioned, who wasEsc. 4. Ed. 2. n 50. then Twenty eight years of age.

Of which Alice it is thus reportedTho. Wals. in eodem An. p. 85., That upon Munday preceding Ascension-day, An. 1317. (10 Edw. 2.) being at Caneford in Com. Dorset. she was violently taken thence by a certain Knight of the Family of Iohn, Earl Warren, (with the Kings assent) and carried in great state, in d • spight of the Earl her Husband, to the said Earl Warren, then at his Castle of Rigate in Surrey; and that in their passage, amongst the Hedges and Woods, betwixt Haulton and Farnham, those who were her conductors, discerning certain Streamers and Banners, which were no other than the Priests and People going in Procession, supposing that it had been the Earl of Lanca • ter, or some power sent by him to rescue her, and vindicate this abuse, fled and left her all alone: But when they saw their mistake, returned; and with them a person of very low stature, lame, and hunch backed, called Richard de S. Martin, who challenged her for his Wife; confidently affirming, That he had carnally known her, before she was married to the Earl, which she denied not. Whereupon he grew so bold, to make claim to the Earldoms of Lincoln and Salisbury, in her right. The news whereof being brought to the Pope, he sent two Cardinals to make peace betwixt the King and his Barons, and especially with this Earl Thomas.

But all that I have farther to observe of this Alice, is,Pat. 16 Ed. • . p. 2. m. 25. That in 16 Edw. 2. surviving her Husband Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, she quitted her whole Right in the Castle of D • nington to the King; and by the nameMon. Anglic. Vol • . 644 b. n. 30. of Alice, Countess of Lincoln and Salisbury; gave Mon. Anglic. Vol. 644 b. n. 30. to the Canons of Barrings in Com. Lincol. her Mannor of Swaton in that County, with the Advowson of the Church. As also, that she afterwards marriedClaus. 19 Ed. 1. m. 10. to Ebulo le Strange; who thereupon had the title of Earl of Lincoln attributed Claus. 13 Ed. 3. in dorso m. 20. to him; and the Twenty pound per annum in lieu of the Tertium Denarium Comitatis Lincolniae. And lastly, that she departedEsc. 22 〈◊〉 3. n. 34. Oxon. this life on Thursday next, after the Feast of Saint Michael, 22 Edw. 3. being then seisedEsc. 22 〈◊〉 3. n. 34. Oxon. of the Mannors of Burcester and Midlinton in Com. Oxon. Kingstone in Com. Dorset. Ingoldsmels, Wainfleet, Steping, Thoresby, Wathe, and two parts of the Mannor of Sutton; of the Castle and Mannor of Bolinbroke, with the Honor; of the Castle of Lincoln, with the Bail; as also of the Mannors of Wadington, S • arthou, and Saltfleetby: Likewise of the Castle and Mannor of Cliderhou, with the Chases and Parks thereto belonging; of the Town of Widenes, with the Fees, parcel of the Mannor of Halton in Cheshire; of the Mannors of Horbling and Segbroke in Com. Linc. and of the Mannor of Whitgift, a Member of Snaith in Com. Ebor.

Clavering.

THis Family, thus surnamed from a Lordship in Esser, where one of their chief seats antiently was, do derive themselves from Eustace Fitz-Iohn Eustace Fi • z-Iohn. Monast. Anglic. Vol. • . p. 8 • 9. col. • ., a great man in the Northern parts of this Realm in King Henry the first and King Stephens time; progenitor also of the Vescies, as in my discourse of that Branch appeareth.

Which Eustace had a younger son,Richard called Richard Ibid. 1024. l. 23., who had issue Roger, commonly called Roger Fitz-Richard: which Roger in 12 H. 2.Roger Fi • z-Richard. upon the assessment of that Ayde, for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. Rub • Scace 〈◊〉 Northumb. that he held Wurkworth in Northumberland, by the service of one Knights fee. But more I have not seen of him, than that he, with Adeliza his wife, gave Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 917. n. 40. to the Monks of Newminster, near Morpeth, a Salt-work at Werkworth; and that he had issue Ibid. Robert Fitz-Roger. Robert, vulgarly called Robert Fitz-Roger, who confirmed Ibid. Robert Fitz-Roger. that grant. Which Robert having wedded Margaret the Daughter andRegist • 〈◊〉 Sibe •••• Bibl. A • rundel • ana. 〈…〉 Heir of William surnamed de Cayneto, or Cheney (Son Regist • 〈◊〉 Sibe •••• Bibl. A • rundel • ana. 〈…〉 of that Robert Fitz-Walter, who was founder of the Priory of St. Faiths at Horsham in Com. Norff. by Sibilla his Wife daughter and heir to Raphe de Cayneto, who came into England, with the Conquerour) and widowIbid. of Hugh de Crescy, hadIbid. by her a fair Inheritance in Norfolk, and wasRot. pip. de iisdem ann. Sheriffe of that County, and of Suffolk, in 3. 4. and 5. Ric. 1. as also for half the sixth year of that King. So likewiseRot. pip. de iisdem ann. in 10 R. 1. and 1 Ioh. And in 9 Ric. 1. obtained a grantCart. antiq. EE. n. 6. from the King-of the mannour of Evre in Com Buck. to hold to himself and his heirs, by the service of one Knights fee.

In the same first year of K. Iohn, this Robert obtained a confirmationCart. 1 Joh. m. 29. of the Castle and Mannour of Werkeworth before mentioned, held of the Crown by the seivice of one Knights fee; as also of the mannour of Clavering in Essex, held by the like service; and likewise of the mannour of Ever, in Com. Buck. and the Advowson of the Church, held also by one Knights fee. And, at the same time gaveOblatae 1 Jo. m. 19. three hundred Marks to the King, for leave to marry the younger daughter of Hubert de Rie (a great man in Norfolk,) to his nephew; so the Record calls him, though Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. 415. a. b. he was no other than his wifes son (scil. Roger de Cresci) by Hugh de Cresci her former husband. The issue of whom, at length failingIbid.; this Robert succeededIbid. in the inheritance and the whole Barony of Horsford, in Norfolk, in right of the before specified Margaret de Cheney, his wife.

In 2 Ioh. he executedRot. pip. 2 Joh. Northumb. the Shireeves office, for the County of Northumberland, for half that year: and uponRot. pip. de eodem anno sub tit. Honoris de Tikbill. levying the first Scutage, after the Coronation of King Iohn accountedRot. pip. de eodem anno sub tit. Honoris de Tikbill. for 121 marks, and an halfe, for the Knights fees belonging to the Honour of Tikhill; that Scutage being assessed at two marks for each Knights fee: And in the same second year of King Iohn, executedRot. pip. 2 Joh. Norff. Suff. the Shiriffes Office for Norfolk, and Suffolk, for half that year. So alsoRot. pip. de iisdem a • n. Northu • b. for Northumberland, for the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelveth, and thirteenth years of King Iohn; and againRot. pip. de iisdem ann. Norff. Suff. for Norfolk and Suffolk, for 14 Ioh. and half the fifteenth year.

In 5 Ioh. he obtained a grantCart antiq. 2. n. 2. from the King, of the mannour of Newburne in Northumberland, to hold by the service of one Kights fee. And in 6 Ioh. ofIbid. n. 1. Cart. 6 Joh. n. 54. the mannour of Corebrigg, in Fee-farme, for the antient Rent and ten pound increase: As alsoCart. Ant. Z. n. 3. Cart. 6. n. 2. the inhe • itance of the mannour of Robirie, with the woods belonging thereto, with exemptionCart. Ant. Z. n. 3. Cart. 6. n. 2. from any Regard of the Forest; but not to be wasted, and with libertyCart. Ant. Z. n. 3. Cart. 6. n. 2. for the King to hunt in them.

In 7 Ioh. he had also a grantCart. Ant. A A. n. 36. Cart. 7. Joh. n. 99. from that King, of the mannour of Hwauton, with the whole Barony, which formerly belonged to Robert de Crammavill; to hold to himselfe and his heirs, by the service of three Knights fees; but this was only upon conditionClaus 7 Joh. m. 25., as it seems viz. in case this Robert de Cramavill did not make performance to the King of what was expected he should. And in 9 Ioh. was acquittedClaus. 9 Joh. m 9. of one Hundred marks, wherein he stood indebted to King Richard the first, for a grant of the marriage of Roger de Cressy (his wifes son) and hadClaus. 9 Joh. m 9. a farther day given him for the payment of three Hundred marks, which he owed to the King, for the wardship and marriage of the heirs of Henry de Vere. So that in 13 Ioh. upon levyingRot. pip. 13 Joh. North •••• . the Scutage of Wales, this Robert Fitz-Roger answered Ibid. for three Knights fees, which appertained to Robert de Crammavill, two for Newbourne, and Robiri, and one for Werkworth.

In 14 Ioh. he adheredLel. Coll. Vol 2. p. 374. to the turbulent spiririted Barons: whereupon the King threatnedLel. Coll. Vol 2. p. 374. the seisure of all his lands; but it seemes he was soon reclaimed; for the next ensuing year, I find that he again executedRot. pip. de iisdem an • . the Office of Sheriffe in Norfolk and Suffolk; so also for Northumberland.

This Robert foundedMonast. Angl. Vol. • . 659. a. n. 40. the Priory of Langley, in Com. Norff. for Canons Regular of the Praemonstatensian order: and in 16 Ioh. departed Rot. pip. 16 Joh. Nor •• . 〈◊〉 Cart. 15 Joh. n. 29. this life; whereupon Margaret his wife surviving him gaveRot. pip. 16 Joh. Nor •• . 〈◊〉 . Cart. 15 Joh. n. 29. a fine of a Thousand pounds to the King, to have livery of her own inheritance, whereof her said husband was seised at his death; and notRot. pip. 16 Joh. Nor •• . 〈◊〉 . Cart. 15 Joh. n. 29. be compelled to marry again; as also to enjoyRot. pip. 16 Joh. Nor •• . 〈◊〉 . Cart. 15 Joh. n. 29. her dower, according to the custome of the Kingdome.

To him succeeded Iohn his son and heir, commonly called Iohn Fitz-Robert; Iohanne • Fitz-Rob. unto whom King Iohn, in the fourteenth year of his reigne, ratifiedEx vet. Cartular • penès Car-Fair fax d • Menst • n in Com. Ebor. Ar ••• f. 1 •• . the grant of the Castle and mannour of Werkworth, made by King Henry the second to Roger Fitz-Richard, his Grandfather; as also of the mannour of Clavering, granted to him by the same King. So likewiseEx vet. Cartular • penès Car-Fair fax d • Menst • n in Com. Ebor. Ar ••• f. 1 •• . those grants of the mannors of Robirie, and Newburne, Qualton, with the Barony, and Corbrigge.

This Iohn in 17 Ioh. was joynedRot Pip. 17 Joh. Norff. 〈◊〉 Suff. Pat. • 7. Joh. m. 〈◊〉 with Iohn Marshall, in the Sheriffs office for Norfolk, and Suffolk, for half that year; and, together with him, made governourRot pip. 17 Joh. Norff. 〈◊〉 S • ff. Pat. • 7. Joh. m. 〈◊〉 of the Castles of Norwich and Oxford. But adheringM. Pari • . p 254. to the rebellious Barons, was, the same year (as one of the cheifM. Pari • . p 254. in that defection) a partyClaus. 17. Joh in dors • m. 41. to those Covenants, then made betwixt that King and them (unto which, by reason of their strength he was constrained to submit) whereby he was in effect, devested of his Regal power. Yea so firmly did he stick to that rebellious party, as that he was M. Paris. 26 • . n. 10. one of those 25 made choice of by the rest, for excercising the Royall authority; for which his lands being seised into the Kings hands, his mannor of Ainho, in Com. Northampton. was grantedClaus. 17 Joh m. 7. to Thomas de Walerie.

Howbeit, in 1 Hen. 3. returningClaus. 〈◊〉 . 3. p. 2. • . • 13. obedience, he had restitutionClaus. 〈◊〉 . 3. p. 2. • . • 13. of them again; and in 7 Hen. 3. obtained licenseClaus. 7 H. 3. p. 1. m. 13, that the market, which had been usually kept upon the Sunday, at his mannor of Werkworth, (which was one of his principal seats) should be held upon the Wednesday every week. And the next year following, procured a CharterClaus. 8 • . 〈◊〉 p. 1. m. 6. for a Faire, at his Mannor of Stoke • ley, (in Yorkshire,) yearly upon the Eve and day of the Translation of St. Thomas the Martyr: as also a releaseIbid. m. 11 • of six Marks, which were due by him to the King for the Scutage of Montgomerie: And in 9 H. 3. was constitutedPa • 9 H. 3. m 9. Sheriffe of Northumberland, and governor of the town of Newcastle upon Tine; in which trust he continued Rot. pip. d • iisdem ann. for the tenth, eleventh, and half of the twelveth year of that Kings Reign.

Moreover, in 13 Hen. 3. he wasClaus. 13 H. 2. in dorso m. 18. one of those Northern Barons, to whom the King sent special commaed to wait upon Alexander K. of Scotland, at Barwick upon Twede; and for his more secure conduct, to attend himClaus. 13 H. 2. in dorso m. 18. unto York, where he was to meet K. Henry about Mid-Lent to treat upon certain affairs of great importance. The like commandClaus. 21 H. 3. m 4. in dorso. he had in 21 H. 3. the same King of Scots beingClaus. 21 H. 3. m 4. in dorso. again to meet King Henry at York, upon the feast day of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. But this is all I can say of him, other than that being a good BenefactorEx praefat. Cartulario penès Car • Fairfax ar. f. 111. to the Hospital of Berdney, he had a grantEx praefat. Cartulario penès Car • Fairfax ar. f. 111. from the Canons of that House, that one of them should celebrate divine service there, for the good estate of himselfe and of Ioane his wife, and for the Soules of his Ancestors for ever: And that, having marriedCollect. R. Glov • ri S. in Officio Armorum f. 71. Ada de Baillol, he departedMat. Paris p. 547. l. 54. this life anno 1240 (24 Hen. 3.) leaving her the said Ada, surviving; who thereupon had the Mannors of Newburne and Whauton assignedClaus. 25 H. 3. m. 9. for her dower. Which Ada in 25 Hen. 3. gaveRot. Fin. 25 H. 3. m. 10. to the King a fine of two Thousand marks for the wardship of Hugh and Roger, Sons and Heirs to her deceased Husband: And gaveCollect. R. Gl. S. ut supra to Sr. Hugh de Evre, and to the Heirs of his body lawfully begotten, her Mannor house of Stokesley, and moy • ti • of the Barony of Stokesley, with the Advowson of the Church; as alsoCollect. R. Gl. S. ut supra the moiety of the Forest of Basdale; and for default of such issue to Robert de Evre his brother, her Son (as she calls him) and his heires.

To this last mentioned Iohn, Rog. Fitz-Iohannis. succeded Roger his Son and Heir; of whom I have not seen any thing memorable, but his death; which hapned Mat. Paris in eodem ann. about Whitsontide in anno 1249 (33 Henr. 3.) and that his heir, called Robert, being then very youngMat. Paris in eodem ann. was committed to the tuitionMat. Paris in eodem ann. of William de Valence, the Kings brother; though Ada de Baillol, the Mother of the child, offeredMat. Paris in eodem ann. a thousand and two hundred Marks; the lands he died seised • sc. 33 H. 3. n. 66. of, being these; viz. the Mannors of Clavering▪ and • achworth in Essex; Aynho in Northamtonshire: Werkworth with its members, in Com Northumber. viz. Alington, Bird •• ng, Buttlesdune, and Toggesden; as also Rob • rie, with its members, viz. Trepton, and Sen • her. Nov •• e.

Which Robert, Rob. Fitz-R • ger called Robert Fitz-Roger, in 6 Ed. 1. entred into covenantsClaus. 6 E. 1. in dorso m. 15. with Robert de Tybetot, that Iohn his Son and Heir should marry Hawise the Daughter of the same Robert, before the Quind. of Martin the same year; and that he would endow her, upon her wedding day, at the Church door, with an hundred pound per annum lands in his mannor of Aynho, in Com. Northamp. and in case those should fall short of that value, to make them up out of his mannor of Bliburgh in Suffolk; the portion of her the said Hawise being six hundred marks. And in 19 Ed. 1. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 19 E. 1. n. 20., for a weekly market, upon the Munday, at his mannor of Newton, juxta Werkworth; as also a fair every year upon the Eve, day and morrow after the feast of St. Lawrence. LikewiseCart. 19 E. 1. n. 20. a Market every week, upon the Thursday at his Mannor of Roubirie, and a Fair yearly on the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Feast of Saint Matthew, the Apostle.

This Robert (amongst others) in 22 Ed. 1. had SummonsRot. Vascon. 2 • E 1. in dorso m 7. to attend the King at Portsmouth, upon the first day of September, well fitted with Horse and Arms, for the expedition then to be made into Gascoigne.

In 24 Ed • . 1. he had the like SummonsClaus. 24 E. 1. in dorso 〈◊〉 11. to attend the King at Newcastle upon Tine, thence to march into Scotland.

In 25 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Scoc. 25 E. 1. m. 1. again in the Wars of Scotland. So likewiseRot. Scoc. 25 E. 1. m. 5. in 26 Edw. 1. being then of the RetinueRot. Scoc. 25 E. 1. m. 5. of Roger le Bigod, Earl of Norfolk; andEx Vet. Rot. I • sig. penès W. 〈◊〉 Neve Eq. 〈◊〉 . Clar. R. Armor. an. 1640. in that memorable fight, called the Battle of Fa ••• rk, which hapnedEx Vet. Rot. I • sig. penès W. 〈◊〉 Neve Eq. 〈◊〉 . Clar. R. Armor. an. 1640. upon S. Mary Magdalens day, the same year.

In 27 Edw. 1. he was joyned in Commission Claus. 27 • . 1. in dorso m. 11. with some other of the Northern Barons, for fortifying the Kings Castles in Scotland; as also for the defence of the Marches; and, in respect of those his Services, had respiteIb. m. 13. for the payment of such debts, as were by him owing to the King.

InRot. Scoc. • 28 E. 1. m 14. 28 Edw. 1. and 29 Ed. 1. he continued Rot. Scoc. 29 • . 1. m. 2. still in the Wars of Scotland; andRot. protect. de an. 34 E. 1. m. 13. in 34 Edw. 1. was again in that expedition made thither.

In 35 Edw. 1. he obtained the Kings Charter Cart. 25 E 3. n. 35. for Free Warren, in all his Demesn Lands, at Corb •• gge before specified.

This Robert likewise, and Iohn his Son (called Ex Vet. Rot. Insig. pen • s praef. W. le Neve. Iohn de Clavering, by the appointmentEx Vet. Rot. Insig. pen • s praef. W. le Neve. of King Edward the First) wereRegist. de Sibeton in bibl. Ar •• delian • f. 4. • . at that notable siege of Kaerlaverok in Scotland: He had likewise SummonsClaus. de iisdem ann. in dorso. to Parliament from 23 E. 1. till 3 E. 2. inclusive, in which year he died, being then seisedEsc. 3 • . • . n. 55. of the Mannor of Clavering in Essex, Horsford in Com. Norf. Bl • burg, in Com. Suff. Evre, in Com. Buck. Whalton, in Com. Northumb. with the Fees thereunto belonging; viz. the Mannors of Lington, Linton, Eshet, Bokenfelde, Horton, Oggille, South-Gaseford, Newenham, Dentone, Faughdone, Kington, New-Bigging; certain Lands in Shotover, Glendale, Herle, Kirk-Herle, Chevernale, and Ripplington: As also of the Mannor of Newburne, with the Hamlets of Walebothill, Demlaw, Botirlaw, Trokirlaw, the Town and Mannor of Corebrigge: Of the Mannor and Castle of Werkworth, with its members; viz. Birling, Aclyngton, the moity of Botilstone the fourth part of Tokisdence: Likewise of the Mannor of Rouchbere, with its members, viz. Newton, Threptone, and S • ytter, and the Forest there; leaving issue by Regist. de Sibeton ut supra. Margery de la Zouche, his Wife the said Iohn de Clavering, his Son and Heir, then forty four years of age;Iohann. de Clavering. who doing his HomageRot. Fin. 3 E 2 m. 3., had liveryRot. Fin. 3 E 2 m. 3. of them.

And, in considerationClaus. 9 • . 2. m. 29. of his good services; had in 25 Ed. 1. pardonClaus. 9 • . 2. m. 29. for all his debts due unto the Exchequer; as also for the Scutage Claus. 9 • . 2. m. 29. then due from himself.

This Iohn wasRot. Vascon. 22 • . 1. m. 11. in that expedition made into Gascoine, in 22 E. 1. So also in thoseRot. Scoc. 26 E. 1. m. 5. & 28 • . 1. m. 14. & 31 E. 1. m 9. & 34 E. 1 m. 12. & 4 E. 1. m 4. of Scotland, 26, 28, 31, and 34 Ed. 3. And in 4 Ed. 2. had command to be at New-castle upon Tine, well fitted with Horse and Arms to march against the Stots. In 6 Ed. 2. being again in the Scottish Warrs, he was taken prisoner Lel. Col. part. 1. p. 380., in the Battle of Strivelyn; but the next ensuing year, he was againRot. Scoc. 7 E. a. m. 5. in those Warrs: So likewise inRot. Scoc. 9 E. 2. m. 5. 9, andRot. Scoc. 12 E. 2. m. 19. 12 E. 2.

In 17 Ed. 2. he obtainedCart 17 E. 2. n. 15. the Kings Charter for a weekly Market every Munday at his Mannor of Blyburgh in Suffolk; and two Fairs yearly; one upon the Eve and Feast-day of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin; the other upon the Eve and day of her Nativity. As also Cart 17 E. 2. n. 15. for a weekly Market on the Tuesday, at his Mannor of Aynho in Northamptonshire; and a Fair yearly upon the Eve and day of St. Michael, and two dayes following. And having had SummonsClaus. de iisdem ann. in dorso. to Parliament from 28 Edw. 1. till 5 Edw. 3. inclusive; departedAnnal. Ab. de Langley inter Col • . R. Gl. S. this life, at his Mannor of Aynho, in the Octaves of the Epiphany ann. 1332. (6 E. 2.) whence being carried to the Abby of Langley (of his Ancestors foundation) he had SepultureAnnal. Ab. de Langley inter Col • . R. Gl. S. in the Quire of that conventual Church: leaving issueEx Regist. de Sibeton in Bibl. Arundeliana f 4. • . by Hawise his wife, (daughter to Robert de Tibetot before-mentioned) one onely daughter called Eve, firstEx Regist. de Sibeton in Bibl. Arundeliana f 4. • . married to Raphe de Vfford, and afterwards Ex Regist. de Sibeton in Bibl. Arundeliana f 4. • . to Thomas de Audley; by both which Husbands she had issueEx Regist. de Sibeton in Bibl. Arundeliana f 4. • . Sons and Daughters.

This Iohn, long before his death (being doubtfull of having issue male, as it seems) made a FeoffementOrig. 5 E. 2. m. 9. vid. etiam Rot. Fin. 5 E. 3. m. 14. to one Stephen de Trafford; whereby he vested the inheritance of his Castle and Mannor of Werkworth; as also of his Mannors of Roubirie, Newberne, and Corbrigge (all in Northumberland) and of the Mannor of Evre, in Com Buck. in the same Stephen, to the intent that he the said Stephen, should reconvey the Castle and Mannors of Werkworth, and Roubirie, unto him the said Iohn; to hold for life, with remainder to King Edward the first, and his Heirs: And the Mannor of Evre, to hold to him the said Iohn and Hawise, for terme of their respective lives; with remainder to the King and his Heirs. In like sort the Mannors of Newburne and Corbrigge, to hold to himselfe and the Heirs male of his body; and for default of such issue, to to the King and his Heirs. In consideration Pat. 2 E. 3. p. 1. m. 10. Claus. 5 E. 3. p. 2. m 1. Claus 6 E. 3. m. 39. cart. 5 E 3. n. 14. vid. etiam Claus. 19 E. 3. p. 1. m. 7. whereof the King grantedPat. 2 E. 3. p. 1. m. 10. Claus. 5 E. 3. p. 2. m 1. Claus 6 E. 3. m. 39. Cart. 5 E 3. n. 14. vid. etiam Claus. 19 E. 3. p. 1. m. 7. unto him and his heirs, diverse lands and hereditaments, then valued at Four hundred pounds per annum; viz. the Mannor of Costesey; the Hundreds of Lodning, Knavering, Holle, Depewade, Henstede, North-Erpingham, South-Erpingham, Blofelde, and Humelierd, with the appurtenances, in Com. Norff. the Hundreds of B •• ching, and Wainsford, in Suff, the Mannors of Rodeston, and Apethorpe, in Com. Northamp. with twenty eight shillings yearly Rent of the Farm of Oliver Aspull, there; to hold for life.

Which Castle and Lands, in Northumberland, thereupon coming to the Crown, whereby King Edward the third, in the second year of his Reign, givenIbid. to Henry de Perci and his heirs (as when I come to speak of that Noble Family I shall more fully shew) the Mannors of Aynho, Ibid. and Horsford, to Raphe de Nevill and his heirs; and the mannors of Claering, and Bliburg, toIbid. Edmund Clavering, brother of this Iohn for life; the remainder to the same Raphe Nevill and his heirs: wereby the younger branches of this antient Family, (the chief whereof is still in being, at Caluley, in Northumberland,) were bereft of that fair Inheritance, which otherwise had descended to them.

Rie.

IN the time of Edward the Confessor, Hubert de Rie, Hubert. a trustyMonast. Ang Vol 2. 889. b. n. 50. • 60. servant to William Duke of Normandy, being by him imployedMonast. Ang Vol 2. 889. b. n. 50. • 60. to that King, when be lay on his Death bed came in aIbid. 890. a. &c. pompous equipage, into England; and after conference with King Edward, returned to the Duke, with those Tokens, whereby he was by that King declared his heir to the Crown of this Realm; viz. Ibid. 890. a. &c. a Sword, in the Hilt whereof were inclosed some Reliques of Saints; a Hunters horn of gold; and the Head of a mighty Stag: for which great service, he was then promised that he should be Steward of his Houshold. But when Duke William had got the Crown; fearingIbid. that disturbances might arise in Normandy; and well weighingIbid. the fagacity in counsel, and dexterity in action of this Hubert; he sentIbid. him thither, to have an eye to that danger; and soon after him, these his sons; viz. Ibid. Ralphe, whom he had made Castellan of Notingham, Hubert Governor of the Castle of Norwich; and Adam, to whom he had given large possestions in Kent.

But Eudo Eudo Dapiser. (the fourth) continuing here in King Williams service; obtained from him divers Lordships in sundry Counties; viz. Domesd. lib. in iisd. Com. in Essex twenty five; in Hartfordshire seven; in Berkshire one; in Bedfordshire twelve; in Norfolk nine; and in Suffolk ten. And personally attending at Court; it so hapned, that that William Fitz-Osberne, then Steward of the Houshold, had set before the King the Flesh of a Crane, scarce half rosted; whereat the King took such offence, as that he listed up his Fist, and had struken him fiersly, but that Eudo bore off the blow. Whereupon Fitz-Osberne grew so displeased, as that he quitted his Office; desiring that Eudo might have it. To which request, the King as well for his Father Huberts demerits, and his own; as the desire of Fitz-Osberne, readily yeilded.

Being thus possessed of that great place; and waiting on the Conqueror at 〈◊〉 in Normandy, at the time of his Death; he so subtilly managed the business, on the behalf of William Rufus; as that he may well be accounted the chief instrument in raising him to the Royall Throne; for having first incited him to be active for himselfe, in that great affair, he hasted with him into England; and through his insinuations with William de Pontearche, obtained the Keys of the Treasury, then at Winchester; Thence sped to Dover Castle, and obliged the Guardians of that strong Hold by solemne Oath, that they should not give it up to any, but by his advice.

The like he did at Pevensey, and Hastings, and other maritime Forts; pretending that the King (whose Death was kept secret) would stay longer in Normandy, and have good assurance of the safety of his Castles, from himself then his Steward. But, having thus secured them, he returned to Winchester, and made it publickly knowne, that the King was dead; so that whilest the rest of the Nobles were consulting in Normandy, touching the succession; William Rufus was by the contrivance and actings of this Eudo, advanced to the Royall Throne.

For which great service, Rufus soon yeilded to the request, which the Inhabitants of Colchester made; viz. that they might have this Eudo to Govern amongst them, in that antient City. Whereupon coming thither, and making serious enquiry into the state thereof; he eased the oppressed, restrained the insolent; and pleased all. And to the end, that impositions upon the people might be timely alleviated, he retained to himself the lands of Condemned and Outlawed persons.

And discerning on the South part of the Town, a small assent; at the foot whereof Siricus, a Priest, had then his habitation, and a little Church built of Wood to the honor of St. Iohn the Evangelist; wherein it was observed, that Divine Lights sometimes appeared by night, as also the sound of Heavenly Voices devoutly praising God (and yet no man there:) And moreover taking notice, what had hapned to a certain man, who had been put in Fetters by the Kings command; -viz. that standing in that Church, at the celebration of Mass, the Bolts of his Fetters flew out, whereby he was suddainly loosed; he became so much transported with these Miracles, that he resolved to found an Abby in that place, wherein perpetual suffrages might be made for his Soul.

Which being made known to Maurice the then venerable Bishop of London; he forthwith came thither, and well approving the pious intention of this devout man, promised his best assistance thereto.

In pursuance whereof, upon the fourteenth of the Calends of September, ann. 1096. the Fabrick being designed, and Workmen provided, this famous Eudo laid the first Stone in that building. But, as to his endowment thereof with lands, and revenues, he could not then effect what he intended; in regard that he stood non in favour with King Henry the first (at the entrance of whose Reign this good work was begun) being suspected for a well-wisher to his brother Robert Curthose.

Nevertheless King Henry, for the sake of Rohese then wife to this Eudo, daughterW Gemet. 312 • . Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. 724 l. 7. of Walter Giffard Earl of Buckingham, and sisterW Gemet. 312 • . Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. 724 l. 7. to William Giffard Bishop of Winchester, widow W Gemet. 312 • . Monast. Angl. Vol. 1. 724 l. 7. of Richard son of Gilbert Earl of Brio •• in Normandy, did not carry a severe hand towards him; but at the instance of that Bishop, and of Peter de Valoins, his Sisters Son, received him into favour: So that, at length this pious work being finished, he endowed it with Lands, Tithes, and Revenues, in such a plentiful manner; as that those few Monks, who were thither brought from the Abby of St. Maries at York, to propagate their order in this new founded Monastry, did soon increase to the number of twenty and more.

It is farther memorable of this Eudo, that he builtMonast Ang. Vol 1. • 24. b. the Castle at Colchester, also, thatMonast Ang. Vol 2. 891. b. n 60. lying on his Death-bed at the Castle of Preaux in Normandy; he disposed of all his temporal estate, according to the exhortation of King Henry, who there visited him: And bequeathing Ibid. 892. a. n. 10. his Body to be buried in this his Abby at Colchester, then gave thereunto his Lordship of Brightling • ie, and an hundred pounds in Money; Likewise his Gold Ring, with a Topace; a standing Cup with Cover adorned with Plates of Gold; together with his Horse and Mule. And there departed this Life; leaving issueMonast. Ang. V • l. 1. 724. n. 10. one sole Daughter and heir, called Margaret, the Wife of William de Mandevil; by whom she had issueMonast. Ang. Vol. 1. 754. n. 10. Geofrey Mandevil, Earl of Essex, and StewardMonast. Ang. Vol. 1. 754. n. 10. of Normandy through her right.

Whereupon▪ his Body being brought over into England, was honorably BuriedIbid. n. 40. at Colchester, (as he desired) upon the morrow preceding the Callends of March, ann. 1120. (20 H. 1.) But his Lady Rohesia, who diedIbid. n. 50. in Normandy, shortly after, hadIbid. n. 50. Sepulture there, in the Abby of Bec. After which, his possessions in England, were by Maude the Empresse confirmed Ex magno Registro in Officio Ducat. Laneast. to the said Geffrey Mandevil Earl of Essex.

¶The next of this name,Henry. touching whom I find mention, is Henry de Rie; who in the year 1146. (11 Steph.) gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 22 • . n. 60. the mannor of Diepham, to the Monks of Christ-Church in Canterbury. But, after him I come to another Hubert; Hubert. who, in 8 Hen. 2. is taken notice Rot. Pip 8 H 2. Norff. of in Com Norff. and in 12 Hen. 2. upon the Assessment of the Ayre, for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. dub. subtit. Norff. that he had Thirty five Knights fees: for which in 14 Hen. 2. he paid Rot. Pip. 14 H. 2. Norff. Thirty five Marks: but dyed in 18 Hen. 2. or sooner: for in that year, upon Collection of the Scutage of Ireland, the Sheriff of Norfolk, accountedRot. Pip. 18 H. 2. Norff. Thirty five pounds for the Scutage of those Thirty five Knights fees, of his Barony. But he left not any issue Male: for in 1 Ioh. Robert Fitz-Roger (a great Baron in Northumberland) gaveOblat • 1 Ioh. m. 19. Norff. Three hundred Marks, for the yonger daughter of this Hubert, to marry unto a nephew of his: and in 13 Ioh. upon Collection Rot. Pip. 13 Ioh. Norff. of the Scutage of Scotland; Iohn Mareschall, who had marriedRot. Pip. 13 Ioh. Norff. one of the daughters and heires, answeredRot. Pip. 13 Ioh. Norff. for Seventeen Knights fees and a half (part of that Honour) and Roger de Cresci, who hadRot. Pip. 13 Ioh. Norff. marryed another, as Rot. Pip. 13 Ioh. Norff. much.

¶Of this Family also (I presume) was Iohn de Rye; Iohn. who adhering to the rebellious Barons, in 48 Hen. 3. was takenMS. in bibl. Bodl. 8. V. • . Th. • 38. b. prisoner (with many more of that party) upon the storming of Northampton, by the Kings Forces: But in 53 Hen. 3. at the instancePat. 53 H. 3. m. 24. of Edmund, the Kings son, obtained his pardonPat. 53 H. 3. m. 24., for his actings at that time.

After this; viz. Nicholas. in 5 & 6 Edw. 1. there was Rot. Pip. de iisd. ann. 〈◊〉 . Nicholas de Rye, Sheriff of Lincolneshire. And in 9 Edw. 1. Ranulph de Rye obtained the Kings licenceCart. 9 E 1. n. 17., for a Market every week upon the Munday, at his Mannor of Gosberchurch, in Com. Linc. as also for a Fair there yearly, on the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of the Apostles Peter and Paul; with free-warren in all his demesne lands at Gosberchirch, Swinflete, Quadavering, Donington, Iwardby, and Houstorp, in Com. Linc. But forasmuch, as neither of these two, last mentioned; nor any of their posterity, are ranked amongst the Barons of this Realme, I shall not enquire farther after them.

Malet.

THE first of this name, whereof I finde mention, is Wiliam Malet; William. who, being Gesta Will. Duc. Nor. 204. a. Ord. Vit. 502. b. with William the Conqueror in that famous Battle against King Harold, was sentGesta Will. Duc. Nor. 204. a. Ord. Vit. 502. b. with the Body of that King there slain, to see it decently Interred: and being Sheriff S. D • nel. 198. n. 60. of Yorkshire, in the third year of that victorious Williams Reign; wasS. D • nel. 198. n. 60., (with his Wife and Children) in York, when Harold and Canutus (sons to Swane King to Denmark,) landingIbid n. 40. in the mouth of Humber, came Ibid. n. 60. with a great power thither, and slewIbid. n. 60. above three thousand Normans, who had burntIbid. n. 50. many Houses near the Castle, which might have beenIbid. n. 50. an advantage to the Danes, by filling up the Ditches, and consequently in gaining of that City;

This William was a witnessPat. 8 E. 4. p. 1. m. 3. perinspex. to the Charter of that King, made to the Dean and Canons of St. Martins le Grand in London, subscribed Pat. 8 E. 4. p. 1. m. 3. perinspex. next to the Earles, having then the titlePat. 8 E. 4. p. 1. m. 3. perinspex. of Princeps: and gaveMonast. Ang •• . Vol. 2. • 54. b. 18. Cuntevill, in Normandy, to the Abby of Bec, in that Dukedome.

But this is all I have seen of him, other than that by Hesilia Monast. Ang. Vol. 1 356 a. n. 30. his Wife, he left issueMonast. Ang. Vol. 1 356 a. n. 30. a Son called Robert. Robert. Which Robert, in consideration Testa de Nevil, tit. Norff. & 〈◊〉 . of his special services, obtainedTesta de Nevil, tit. Norff. & 〈◊〉 . from King William the Honor of Eye in Suffolk; and at the time of the general Survey, possessed Domesd. lib. in iisd. Com. thirty two Lordships in Yorkshire; three in Essex; one in Hantshire; two in Notinghamshire; eight in Lincolnshire; and two hundred twenty one (or the greatest part of so many) in Suffolk; whereof Eye, was the chief; where havingIbid. then a Market and a Parke, he foundedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 356. n. 20. an Abby for Monks of the Benedic • ne order, and amply endowedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 356. n. 20. it.

This Robert thus possessing so vast an estate, held the OfficeIbid. 666. • . n. 20. of Great Chamberlain of England under King Henry the first: but enjoyed it not long: for in 2 H. 1. being (with some other great men) called to accountO • d. vit. 8 • 4. C. & 805 C., for deserting the King in his necessity (that is to say for adhering to Robert Curthose) he was disherited O • d. vit. 8 • 4. C. & 805 C., and BanishedO • d. vit. 804. C. & 805 C..

After this I finde one William Malet, William. whom King Henry the first, in the tenth year of his Reigne (keepingMat Paris, p 64. n 40. Jorevall. 1004. l 5. the Feast of Pentecost at Windshore) did also disheritMat Paris, p 64. n 40. Jorevall. 1004. l 5., with some others, who had then injured him.

And not long after this,William there was another William Malet, who heldEx coll. R. Gl. S. twelve Knights fees of the Abbot of Glastenbury; viz. Ex coll. R. Gl. S. ten in his Mannor of Dundene, upon Pauldone; and two in Shepton, both in Somersetshire.

In 2 Hen. 2. this last mentioned William, paidRot Pip. • H. 2. 〈◊〉 . twenty five pounds for Danegell, in Com. Somerset. and in 12 Hen. 2. uponLib rub. sub. 〈◊〉 S • merset. levying the Ayde for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib rub. sub. 〈◊〉 S • merset. his Knights fees to be in number twenty one, an half, a third, a fourth, two fifths and a twentieth part, de Veteri Feoffamento; and two Knights fees, a fifth and two tenth parts, de Novo. For all which in 14 Hen. 2. he paid 〈◊〉 Pip. 1 • H. 2. S •• ers. fifteen pound, twelve shillings, and ten pence.

To him succeeded another William, William. who in 6 Ri • . 1. was • ot. Pip. 6 R 1. Essex. & 〈◊〉 in that expedition, then made by the King into Normandy; and the next ensuing year, paid 〈…〉 an hundred pound Fine, for livery of the Lands of his inheritance.

This William held 〈…〉 Cuti, (now called Curi-Malet) in Com. Somerset. and other Lands of the King, by the service of twenty Knights fees: and in 5 Ioh. residing 〈…〉 then at Curi, gave 〈…〉 an hundred shillings to the King, for liberty to proceed in Law against William de Evermue, for the Lordship of Swinton. Moreover, in 12 Ioh. he executed the Office of Sheriffe 〈…〉 for Somerseshire, and Dorsetshire, for three parts of that Year: So likewise for the threeIbid. next ensuing Years: and in 15 Ioh. servedRot. Fin. 15 Joh. m. 〈◊〉 . the King with twenty Souldiers, for discharge of a debt, then due by him. But in 17 Ioh. wasPat. 17 Jo. m. 12. Claus. 17 Joh m. 11. one of the Barons then in Armes against the King; for which respect a great part of his Lands lying in the Counties of Somerset, Dorset, and Surry, were given Pat. 17 Jo. m. 12. Claus. 17 Joh m. 11. to Hugh de Vivion; and Dadington, in Com, Oxon. toIbid m. 17. Thomas Basset, whose Daughter Alice Ex autogr. penès 〈◊〉 . Co. Elgin. ann. 1660. he had weddedClaus. ut supra m. 17., having with her that Lordship in Frank-matriage.

Nor was this all; for it appearsMat. Paris, • 77. n 20., that for his rebellion at that time, he underwent the sentence of Excommunication from the Pope, as some others then did. Howbeit, making his peace, in 9 Hen. 3. the Husbands of his Daughters and Heirs (he himself being then dead) viz. Hugh de Vivion, who marriedRot Pip. 9 H. 3. Somer. Mabell; and Robert de Muscegros, who weddedRot Pip. 9 H. 3. Somer. Helewise, were constrained to payRot Pip. 9 H. 3. Somer. the Fine; viz. two thousand marks, which was not satisfyed till that time; they having then allowanceClaus. 9 H. 3. m 1. of five hundred marks, dueClaus. 9 H. 3. m 1. to him the said William for former service in King Iohns Army in Poirtou; viz. forClaus. 9 H. 3. m 1. ten Knights, at two shillings a day; and twenty Servants, at twelve pence a day.

Of which Daughters Helewise (who married to Robert de Musoegros) became afterwards the WifeEx coll. R. Gl. S. of Sir Hugh Pointz; betwixt whom and Vivion this Barony of Malet was dividedEx coll. R. Gl. S..

Todenei.

THat King William the first, after he had subdued this Nation by that his prosperous victory over King Harold the usurper; and conferred upon his friends and followers, aswel the Chiefest Honors, as Offices of greatest trust, did seat those eminent persons, where they might have best advantage for subjecting the conquered English to his future Government, is not unknown to any that have been conversant in the History of his time: And, that the then potent men, did make choice of such places for their principle habitations, whereu • to the accesse was most difficult (as Hills and Promontories naturally were) is evident enough to all, that have observed the scituation of those antient Castles at that time erected, in divers parts of this Realm.

Of this kind Belvoir, standing on the skirt of Leicester, and Lincolnshires, is not the least notable; which, being builtL • l Itin Vol. 1. f 114. by Robert de Todenei Robert. a Noble Norman, upon that stately ascent overlooking the beautiful valley adjacent (thence by him called Belvoir, from the fair view it hath of the Country thereabouts) became the chief seat of that Great Barony, so bestowed upon him by the then puissant Conqueror; whose possessions lying in divers Counties of this Realm were of no small extent: for by the general SurveyDomest. in iisd. Comit. then taken, it appeareth; that he had the Lordships of Daltone, and Naborne in Yorkshire; of Cesewic in Essex; of Bradsey, Seile, Mealle, and Gokesford in Suffolk; of Dochesworde in Cambridgeshire; of Mascewelle, and Bereword, in Hartfordshire; of Stanes, Celendone, and Clifton, in Burkinghamshire; of Risendone, Horedone, Stapletone, and Frantone, in Gloucestershire; of Estodham, Achelei, and Torvei, in Bedfordshire; of Stoche, Wilberdestone, Sewelle, Ristone, Deisburg, Pipewelle, Brantone, Dingle, and Ascele in Northamptonshire; of Segentone, and Berchedone, in Roteland; of Engleby, Broxholme, Esetorp, Branzby, Burton, Coringeham, Binnibroc, Ludebury, Fodreby, Turgreby, Crosby, Offintund, Talintune, Grileforde, Bresebury, Barnetone, Ringesdune, Chercheby, Greiby, Schachetorp, Aslacheby, Avetone, Loctone, Sepingham, Ripeslai, Dentune, Hungretune, Ulestantorp, Aburne, Hadinctone, Adelinctone, and North-Chine, in Lincolneshire: And Horniwhale, Metorne, Blastone, Herdeby, Brachestone, Botesford, Redmelde, Gniptone, Lachestone, Lubeham, Barcheberie, Hungretone, Croptone, Queneber • h, Clachestone, Hoches, and Stachedir • e, in Liecestershire.

But of this Robert, I have not seen any other memorial, than that Coucher-book of Belvoir recordethMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1 3 • 7 b. n. 10.: which is, that bearing a venerable esteem to our sometime much celebrated English-protomartyr S. Alban, he founded near to this his Castle, a Priory for Monks; and annexed it, as a Cell to that great Abby in Hartfordshire, formerly erected by the devout King Offa, in honor of that most holy man: the particular circumstances touching which pious work are thus related by that Register; viz. that this Robert (who is there calledIbid. Robert de Belvedeir) having begun the Church of our Lady near to that Castle; and, being through secular imployments so hindered, that he could not attend the finishing of it, according to his minde; by the advice of the Venerable Lanfrank, then Archbishop of Canterbury, disposed of it unto the Church of S. Alban; upon conditionIbid n. 20., that Paul, the then Abbot, should perfect it, and place therein four Monks of that Covent, to pray for the Souls of Earl Robert (i. e. of Morton and Cornwall) and K. Will. as also for his own Soul, and the Soul of Adela his Wife, their Children and Parents: whereupon he and his wife were admitted into the fraternity of that great Abby, as absolutely as any of the Covent; with promise, thatIbid. n. 30. after their respective deceases, in case they should dye in England, their bodies should, by leave of the Abbot, be buried, either at St. Albans, or in that Church of our Lady at Belvoir: their bounty being so great to those places; that wheresoever either of them should die, the Church of St. Alban, and this of our Lady at Belvoir, were to have part of their estates, to be disposed of, as the Abbot and Monks of St. Albans should appoint.

As to the particulars wherewith, at present, he endowed this Church of our Lady at Belvoir, they were theseIbid. n. 40.; viz. the Town of Horingwald with its appurtenances, in as ample manner, as he had it of the King. LikewiseIbid. n. 50., adjacent to this his Castle at Belvoir, four carucates of Land, with the Meadows thereto belonging, and twenty Acres of Land near the Church, whereon to erect out-houses and other buildings for the conveniency of the Monks; all which to be as free from any exaction, as he himself had the same from the King.

Moreover he then gave unto them the Tithes of all his Vinyards, and the seat of a Mill upon the next River: as also the Tithes of ten Towns, of all sorts to Tithable grain; excepting a third part of each Parish Priest: the Towns whereof he so gave these Tithes, being these; viz. Ibid. n. 60. & 328. • . Bortune, Frantune, Sapertune, Risendune, Stokes, and Wilberstone, and one man in each, with a Garden, and one Ox-gang of land. In Segetune, the whole Tithes, and eight Acres of Land (four lying on one side of the Town, and four on the other) with one Garden. In Medburne, the Tithe only; In Wiwelle, the Tithes and one Ox-gang of Land, with one man and his Garden; and the Tithes Ibid 〈…〉 of Wilstanestorp.

All which Lands he gave free and exempt from any Custome whatsoever; with command, that in each Town the Church should have the Meadows near unto it, and pasturage in as ample manner, as he himself ever had.

AndIbid. 〈…〉 after the death of Adela his Wife, he also granted to this Church of our Lady at Belvoir, with the consent of his sons William and Geffrey, one Carucate of Land in Sapertune, for the health of her Soul; with as large priviledges as he had given the rest.

By this Adela he had issue four Sons; viz. William Ibid. 328 a. n. 30., Beringar Ibid. n. 20, Geffrey Ibid. n. 30., and Robert Ibid. 329. b. n. 30.; and one Daughter named Agnes Ib. 329. b. 13, & 50. Ib. 330. 2, who was Wife Ib. 329. b. 13, & 50. Ib. 330. 2 to Hubert de Rye (a great man in Lincolnshire) and departingMat. Paris, in vi • is Abb. S. Albani, p. 53. n. 50. this life the second Nones of August in the year of Christ 1088. (1 W. Rufi) was buriedMonast, Anglic. Vol. 1. 328. b. in the Chapter-house at Belvoir.

Of his younger Children, all I have farther observed, is; that Beringar hadDomesd i • iisd. 〈◊〉 divers Lordships in the County of York, as alsoDomesd i • iisd. 〈◊〉 the Mannors of Adelingtone in Lincolneshire; Broghtune and Hornelie inDomesd i • iisd. 〈◊〉 Oxfordshire; and Stoches, Sirestune and Brodeholme inDomesd i • iisd. 〈◊〉 Notinghamshire: and that he was a special Benefactor to the Abby of S. Maries in York, by the giftMonast Anglic. Vol. 1. 387. b. n. 3 • . of one Carucate of Land in Lestingham; six in Spaunton, eight and an half in Kirkby-Misterton, three in Dalby, six Ox-gangs in Skakelden, one Carucate and half in Bec; eighty Acres in Bynbruc, nineIbid. 388. • ▪ 45. Carucates and an half in Fynmare; four Carucates in Hunkleby; all his Tithes of Dalton; half a Carucate near Chevermunt, andIbid. 390. 2. the Church of Bunibroc.

Of Robert, that he gaveIbid. 329. • ▪ n. 40. to this Cell of Belvoir, thirty sticks of Eeles, to be paid yearly on S. Matthias day, out of his Mills at Aburne.

And that Agnes his Daughter did ratifieIbid. n. 50. the grants, which her said Father and Mother had made to the Monks at Belvoir, of one Ox-gang of Land in Alchekehby, and two parts of the Tithes of the demesnes there, in Corn, Calves, Lambs, Wooll, Cheese, Pigs, Bees, and Apples; and of whatsoever else was Tithable, that Lordship being of her Marriage portion.

I now come to William, his successor in this Barony.

That this William was any other than his immediate Son and Heir, I doubt not at all; though it doth not appear for what respect he bore a different surname from his Father; being called William de Albany, with the addition of Brito: for, that Robert de Todenei, had a Son and Heir named William, is evidentIbid. 328. n. 40. enough; as also that he was heres honoris, the heirIbid. to this Barony. Which William did, inIbid. n. 50. the Chapter-house at S. Albans, confirmeIbid. n. 50. all that his Father and Mother had given to that Church of our Lady at Belvoir; desiringIbid. that he might be admitted into their Fratemity, as his Father and Mother had been. And this being granted, he presentedIbid. that his confirmation upon the Altar of our Lady there; freely offeringIbid. up himself a Brother and Monk to the Church of S. Alban; and givingIbid. thereto as also to this Church of our Lady, a portion of all his temporal estate, after his decease. AppointingIbid., that if his death should happen to be in England, his Body should be buried, either at S. Albans, or in this Church of our Lady at Belvoir, by the Abbot of S. Albans permissionIbid.; in regard Ibid. he was of that Fraternity, as his Father had been.

And after this he gaveIbid. n. 60. to that Church of our Lady, the Land which Waleran his Purveyor, held in Hungreton; and the Tithe of the Rents of all his Lands, in what sort soever, payable to himself or his heirs for the time to come,

That he had the addition of Brito, wheresoever mention is made of him, is very apparent Ibid. 330. a. n. 20. by sundry authentique Testimonies; the reason thereof being, because there was at that time another great Baron of this Realm, who was called William de Albini also, with the addition of Pincerna; in respect of that great office of Butler to the Kings of this Realm, at their Coronation, which he bore, as I shall elswhere shew.

This William de Albini Brito, is he who behaved himselfe with such valor in the Battle of Tenerchebray, in Normandy, on the behalf of King Henry the first against Robert Curthose (of which Batle I have spoke largely in my discourse of Robert de Belesme Earle of Atundel and Shrewsbury.) For commanding the Horse of Britanny, in that sharp encounter, he charged the Enemy with such courage, as put them to an utter rout; for which service he hath this glorious memorialM. Paris, in 〈◊〉 1105. • . 62. n. 10. by an eminent Historian—In hoc opere potissime, potentissimus laudandus fuit Willihelmus de Albineio Brito; qui gladio discurrens inter acies extracto, Belli negotium consummavit. In this encounter chiefly deserveth Honour the most valiant William de Albini the Britain; who, with his Sword broke through the Army and put an end to the Fight.

Moreover, he was a person learned in the Laws, as it seems; for it appearsRot. Pip. • S • eph. Linc., that he was a Justice Itinerant, with Richard Basset, in King Stephens time; but adhering to Maude the Empresse, (sole Daughter to King Henry the first) this his Castle of Belvoir, with his whole Barony, and all his other Lands, were disposed Ex autogr. • uper in Ca • ello de Pont • • rac • . sicut in • er Collecta ••• Rob. Glo •• er. Somerset. Heraldi, pa ••• . of by that King, to Ranulph Earl of Chester.

He took to WifeMonast. Anglic. p. 370. a. • . 50, & 60. Maude de S. Liz, daughter of Simon de S. Liz, the first Earl of Huntendon of that name, and Widow of Robert Son to Richard de Tunebrigg (Ancestor to the whole Family of Fitz-Walter) which Maude gave the third part of her Mannor of Cratesfe • d (of her Frank-Marriage) to the Monks of St. Neots in Huntendonshire: in consideration whereof they receivedIbid. into that their Monastry two Secular Priests to be shorn Monks; and to be perpetually maintained therewith, to celebrate Divine Service there, for the health of her Soul, and the Soul of her Father, whose Body lay interred in that place; as also for the Souls of her ancestors, and successors. Moreover she gaveEx ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. to the Monks of Daventre, for the health of the Souls of her Father and Mother; and for the Soul of Robert Fitz-Richard her husband, and the Souls of all her Children, three Mills, and one Yard Land in Daventre; as also eight Acres of her own Demesn there, to buy Frocks and Cowles for those Monks.

This William de Albini dying not long after the beginning of King Henry the seconds Reign (as I guess) lyeth buryedIb. 328. b. 8. on the North side of the Chapter-house at Belvoir, near to Robert de Todenei the founder of that Priory; leaving issueLib. rub in Scacc. Leic. William • ▪ William and Raphe.

Which William, being calledMonast. Angl. Vol. 1. 328. b. 13. William de Albini the second, alias, Meschines, as alsoMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 877. a. n. 40. Lib. • ub ut supra. Brito, in the twelfth year of King Henry the second, certifiedLib. rub ut supra. to the King what Knights Fees he then held of him; viz. Thirty two de Veteri Feoffamento (id est, whereof he was enfeoffed in the time of King Henry the first) and six Knights fees and an half de Novo Feoffamento (that is to say, whereof he was enfeoffed since the beginning of King Henry the seconds Reign) whereof Raphe his Brother heldLib. rub ut supra. of him fifteen; Robert Poher five and an half; Simon de Roppsleai three; Simon de Bosco-Rahard (id, est, Borhard) three; Raphe Cheinduit one; William de Vans one; Raphe de Hotot half one; Raphe de Brandon one; Aelard de Saincler two; Raphe de Chaworth one; Iwanus de Albenni one; Geffrey de Chavenney one; Robert Briton one; Raphe Briton one; Elias de Albenni one; and Hugh de St Vedast half one.

This William the second gaveMonast Ang. Vol 1. 247. b. n. 40, & 60. & 248 a. 21 to the Monks of Thorney, in Cambridgshire, his Land at Pipewell, with a Carucate of Land in Stoke Stoke A • bini in Com Northamp..

LikewiseIbid 330. a. n. 20. to the Priory of Belvoir, an House and Land, which pertained to his Chappel. And confirmedMonast. Ang. Vol. 2. 877. a. 44. to the Monks of St. Neots, in Huntendonshire, the Church of Cratfield, with certain Glebe thereto belonging, which had been given to them by Maude de S. Liz his Mother.

He hadMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 328 b. n. 10. two Wives Adelize, and Cicilie; and departing this Life in the fourteenth year of King Henry the second, was buriedIbid. in the old Church of the Priory of Belvoir, before the Cross (both his Wives being interred not farr from him) leaving issueIbid. 329. a. 24. William de Albini the third in ward to the King, in 14 H. 2. as appearethRot. Pip: 14 H 2. Rotel. by the Accompt of William Basset, at that time Sheriff of Roteland, who then answering for the issues of this his Barony, had allowance for his maintenance.

His mother Maude de S. Liz long survived him, as it seems; forRot. de Dominabus pueris & puellis penès Remem. R. in Scacc. William 3. in 32 Hen. 2. she was living and sixty years of age.

This William de Albini the third wasRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Essex. & Herts. Lin. Buck. & Bedf. with King Richard the first in his Army in Normandy, in the sixth year of his Reign.

And in 7 Ric. 1. had the Sheriffalty of the Counties of Warwick and Leicester, for the last half of that year: So alsoRot. Pip. de iisdem ann. of Roteland, in 8, 9, & 10 Ric. 1. and again of Warwick, and Leicester, for the last half of the ninth year.

In 10 R. 1. he was likewise Sheriff for Buck. and Bedfordsh. in which year he accounted Rot. Pip deiisd ann. Buck. & Bedf. to the King six hundred Marks for Agatha Trusbut, with her inheritance (whom he afterwards took to Wife) So alsoRot. Pip deiisd ann. Buck. & Beds. in 1 Ioh.

In 2 Ioh. he had a Special LicenseCart. 2 Joh. m. 8. n. 23. to make a Park at Stoke, in Com. Northampton. and liberty to hunt the Fox and Hare (it lying within the precinct of the Kings Forest of Rokingham.)

In 3 Ioh. uponR. Hoved. f. 465 b. n. 10. that discontent of the Barons, by reason the King would not restore them their rights, which causedR. Hoved. f. 465 b. n. 10. their refusal to attend him into Normandy; he thereupon requiringR. Hoved. f. 465 b. n. 10. the delivery of their Castles into his hands, beganR. Hoved. f. 465 b. n. 10. first with this William, and demandede Belvoir; who, submitting, gave up his Son in Hostage, and so retained it still.

In 4 Ioh. the King by his CharterCart. Antiq. AA. n. 11. dated at Alencon, in Normandy, 15 Ian. gave him the Lordship of Oskynton (now called Ouston) in Com. Notingham. and an hundred shillings of Socage Land lying in Wilberston and Stoke, in the County of Northampton.

In 16 Ioh. he was joyned inPat. 16 Joh. m 7. Commission with the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Earl Warren and others, for the safe conducting all those persons, who came to London, in the terme of the Epiphany, next after the relaxation of the interdict, to make their addresses to the King for their great offences; and thence to the Kings Court at Northampton, and so to their own homes. He was Mat. Paris, in ann. 1215. also one of those twenty five Barons, who swore to the observation of Magna Charta, and Charta de Foresta, Sealed by the King at Runnimede, in the seventeenth year of his Reign; and obliged themselves by Oath, that they would compell the King, in case he should recede.

He likewise had special SummonsIbid. by Robert Fitz-Walter (commonly called Mareschallus Dei & Ecclesiae, in that grand insurrection of the Barons) to be at the Tournament at Hounslow-Heath, which was adjourned thither from Stanford, upon Munday next ensuing the feast of S. Peter and Paul.

But comming not accordingly, he received M. Paris, ut supra. divers other messages from those Barons, whereby he had no little rebuke for his delay: which so allarmed him; thatM. Paris, ut supra. leaving his Castle of Belvoir well fortified, victualled; and in the custody of such in whom he faithfully confided, he hastedM. Paris, ut supra. to London; and being there received Ibid. with much joy, by the rest of those Barons, was by them madeIbid. choice of (as a person most valiant and expert in Armes) to be Governor of Rochester Castle (by the treachery of the then Archbishop of Canterbury, delivered into the hands of the Kings Enemies.)

Which when he entredIbid.; and found neither Armes, Ammunition, nor Victual therein: As also discerning, that those who accompanied him thither, had no minde to stay in it; he told them how dishonorable it would be so to leave it; and therefore suddenly got in all the provision of food, that could be found in the Town. But, having not time to look out into the Countrey for more; in regard the King came within three days upon them with his Army, consisting most of Poictovins, Gascoines, with a great number out of Lovain, Brabant, and Flanders; and begirt it with a straight seige; they defended themselves with all valor imaginable; making divers bold sallies; with hope to have relief from the rest of the Barons of their party, who then were at London. Howbeit, when they saw no likelyhood thereof; and that the Kings forces had, by undermining, thrown down their outer Walls, and made upon them a fierce assault; such was their valor (though wearied with long watchings, and weakned by hunger) that they courageously beat them off. And at the last this hardy William, and those other of the Nobles who were then with him, accounting it most dishonorable to perish by Famine, when they could not be vanquished by force (all their food being spent) came out of the Castle, and submitted themselves to the King, upon the feast day of S. Andrew the Apostle.

But the King, by reason of the vast charge he had been at in that seige (which continued little less then three Months) and loss of many of his Souldiers, that had been slain therein; was so highly enraged, that without any mercy, he commandedIbid. that all the Noble men should be hanged. Which severe sentence was so distasted by Savaricus de Malloleone, a noble Poictovin (then one of the chief commanders in the Kings Army) that he boldly told the King, that the Warr being not yet ended, he ought well to consider the uncertain chance thereof: adding that if he hanged these; the Barons (his adversaries) might upon the like advantage, deal as cruelly with those of his party, which might occasion a totall desertion of him. Whereupon the King, well weighing the Danger, forbore the execution of that his sharp sentence; and instead thereof committedIbid. this our William de Albini, William de Lancaster, Thomas de Muleton, Osbert Giffard, and divers other Noble persons unto the CustodyClaus • 7 〈◊〉 m. 14. of Peter de Mauley; who sent some of them to the Castle of Corff, there to be kept under strict imprisonment; and some to the Castle of Notingham.

It is observed by my AuthorMat. Paris. ut supra.; that the King with some of his chief Commanders, one day going about this Castle of Rochester, to view the strength thereof; was discerned by an excellent Bow-man, who thereupon asked this William de Albini, whether he should kill him with his Arrow, that he had then in readiness; and that he answered No. As also, that the Bow-man replied, He would not spare us, if he had the like advantage. To whom William retuned, Gods will be done, who will dispose and not he.

During the restraint of this William, at Corff; the King beingAn. • 216. (18 Joh.) M. Paris 275. n. 29. then at Notingham, marcht An. • 216. (18 Joh.) M. Paris 275. n. 29. the morrow after Christmas day, to the Town of Langar; and, there resting that night, sent a solemne Summons to Belvoir Castle the next morning; requiring the speedy delivery thereof; and withall signifyingAn. • 216. (18 Joh.) M. Paris 275. n. 29. to those that held it, that if they insisted on any conditions, the Lord thereof should never eat more. Whereupon Nicholas de Albini, one of his Sons (who was a Clerk in Orders) taking with him Sir Hugh Charnels Knight, to presrve his Father from that miserable Death, carriedAn. • 216. (18 Joh.) M. Paris 275. n. 29. the Keys of this Castle to the King, and delivered them to his hands; upon condition, that his Father should be mercifully dealt with, and they with their Horse and Arms remain in peace. Which being promised, and the Castle so rendred, the King marcht forthwith thither, and committed it to the custodyIbid▪ of Geffrey de Butville, and Oliver his brother (two Poictovins) taking the oath of fidelity of all others he left therein.

Whilst he was thus prisoner at Corf, his Mannor of Offington, being seised on by the King, was givenClaus. 17 Jo. m. 11. to William Earl Warren for the better defence of his Castle of Stanford.

It is farther observableMat. Paris, p. 277. n. 20. of this William de Albini; that standing firmly with the other Barons in opposition to King Iohn, he was one of those, that Pope Innocent the third then excommunicated by name, for so doing; whose sentence bears date at Lateran, 17 Kal. Iun. the same year. But his stout heart being at length humbled, he gaveRot. Fin. 18 Joh m 1. a fine of six thousand marks for his liberty: which summe of money was raisedPat. 18 Jo. m 7. Claus. 18 Joh m. 6. M. Westm. in an. 1215 by Agatha Trusbut his Wife, out of his own Lands; the King commandingPat. 18 Jo. m 7. Claus. 18 Joh m. 6. M. Westm. in an. 1215, that they should be delivered into her hands for that purpose; with powerPat. 18. Joh. m. 6. to sell and mortgage of them what should be needfull: sending likewise his special precept y to all his Tenants, to give him effectual aid towards the Raising of that great Summe.

Having thus made fine to King Iohn for his redemption, he thought it his safest way to be quiet; and therefore submitted himself peaceably to King Henry the third. But being not well to be trusted, was constrained to yeildPat 1 H. 3. m. 7. up his Wife Ag • tha, for an hostage; and after, in her stead, his SonPat 1 H. 3. m. 7. Nicholas the Priest. Howbeit, ere long, he grew in such esteem with that King; that he was made one of the cheif Commanders in his Army in that memorable Battle of Lincoln, in the year 1217 (being the first year of his Reign) where the rebellious Barons with Lewes of France (whom they had brought in with purpose to be made King) were totally overthrown. And afterwards had the Castle of Muleton (in Com. Linc.) and all the Lands and fees of Thomas de Muleton (one of those Barons) committed to his custodyClaus. 1. H. 3. m. 13. with Lands and Fees, the King had seized on as an Escheat: and shortly after, in considerationClaus. 5 H. 3. m. 7. of a Palfrey, which he gave to the King (then at B • ithe in Com. Noting. ) obtainedClaus. 5 H. 3. m. 7. the wardship and marriage of Hugh son and heir to Henry de Nevill (a great man in that time) then in minority.

This William forMonast. Ang. Vol. 1. 330. a. n. 40 the health of his Soul, and the Soul of Agatha then his Wife; but especially Monast. Ang. Vol. 1. 330. a. n. 40 for the Soul of Margery his sormer wife, gave to the Monks of Belvoir, one sheaf of every kind of Grain, arising out of all his Lands belonging to his Lordships of Belvoir, Wulstorp, Botelesford, Oskington, and Stokes. Moreover, forMonast. Ang. vol. 1. 330. a. n. 40 the health of his own Soul, and the Souls of these his Wives, he foundedMonast. Ang vol. 2. 4 • 4. • . n. 〈◊〉 446 a. n. 10. and plentifully endowedMonast. Ang vol. 2. 4 • 4 • . n. 〈◊〉 446 a. n. 10. the Hospital of our Lady, called New- • tede, as Wassebridge, betwixt Stanford and Offington, in Com. Linc.

The first of these his Wives; viz. Margery 〈…〉 , was Daughter 〈…〉 to Odenel de Vmfranvile (a great Baron in Northumberlad.) The (second Agatha 〈…〉 , Daughter 〈…〉 and coheir of ... Trusbut an eminent Baron in Yorkshire) and Widow of ...

By the first of these his Wives, he had issue Monast Aug. Vol. 2 446. b. l. 20. William de Albini the fourth, his son and heir; Odonel Monast Ang. Vol. 1. 328. • . n. 20. taken prisonerMat. Paris, in ann. 1215 with him at Rochester, and carried to Corf, (who lieth buried at Belvoir,) as alsoMona •• . Ang. Vol. 2. 446. b. ut supra Robert, and Nicholas. And beingMat. Paris, ut supra. a stout and valiant Souldier, most nobly qualified and full of dayes, departedMat. Paris, ut supra. this life at Offintune, the morrow preceding the Nones of May, in the year 1236 (20 Hen. 3.) whereupon his body was buriedMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 328. b. n. 10. in that his Hospital at Newstede; and his HeartMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 328. b. n. 10. under the Wall opposite to the high Altar at Belvoir.

Shortly after whose death, William William 4. his Son and Heir (calledRot. Pip. 20 H. 3. 2 m. William de Belvoir during his Fathers life; and afterwards William de Albini, the fourth) payingRot. Fin. 20 H. 3 Lin. an hundred pound for his Releif, had liveryRot. Fin. 20 H. 3 Lin. of his Inheritance.

This William de Albini the fourth wasMat Paris, in ann. 1233. (27 H. 3.) with K. Henry the third in his Army in Herefordshire, at such time as he advanced against Richard Marshall Earl of Pembroke; who was the cheif of those that opposed the King, for his taking Poictovins and other strangers into his Councel; and bestowing the principal places of profit and trust upon them, to the great prejudice of his native subjects (as our Historians do shew:) And oneIbid. of those whose Quarters were beaten up by the Enemy, with the loss of all their Baggage, when the King lay at Grosmund Castle.

In 26 Hen. 3. havingRot Vascon. 26 H. 3. in dorsom 3. summons (amongst others) to attend the King into Gascoigne, he gaveRot. Pip. 26 H. 3. Linc. twenty Marks to be freed thereof. But of him I have not seen any thing farther memorable, than that he had two Wives; Albreda Claus. 17 Joh m • 1. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 328. b. Biseth, and Isabel Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 4 • 6 b 17. Rot. Pip. 15 E. 1. Lin.: also that he dyed Rot. Fin. 32 H. 3. m. 1. before the 32 of Hen. 3. Moreover, that his Body was buriedMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 328. b. l. 19. before the High Altar in the Priory of Belvoir; and his HeartMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 328. b. l. 19. at Croxton Priory in Comitat. Leicest. Lastly, that he left issue Isabel Rot. Fin. 32 H. 3. m. 1. his Daughter and Heir Wife to Robert de Ross, (an eminent Baron in Yorkshire.) Here being a period to the Maleline of that principal Branch of this noble Family,

¶I now come to Ralphe de Albini, a younger Son to William de Albini the first (as I have already shewed;) and progenitor to another noble race of Barons, bearing the name of De Albini for some time, and afterwards of D' aubini.

This Ralphe Raphe. heldLib. rub. in Scacc. fifteen Knights Fees of his Brother William the second in 12 Henr. 2. and in 28. of that Kings Reigne gaveRot. Pip. 28 H. • . Everwich. 200 Marks for Licence to marry the mother of Ebrard de Ross, (whose name was Sibilla de Valoines.) Moreover he was founderMonast. Ang. Vol. 1. 545. n. 50. of the Nunnery at Urford, in Com. Line. as also a good Benefactor Mon. Anglic. Vol 2. 446. b. n. 30. to the Nuns at Brodholme in Com. Notingham. and died * at Acres in the Holy-land, in ann. 1190. 3. Ric. 1.

To him succeeded Philip; Philip. who in 8 Ioh. was made Governor • at. 8 Joh. m. 2. of Lud •• w Castle, in Shropshire; andPat. 14 Joh. m. 4. in 14 Ioh. of the Isle of Ierley.

In 16 Ioh. he hadPat. 16 Joh. m. 2. the like Charge of the Castle at Bruges (vulgo Bruggenorth in Shropshire) and of the IsleIbid. • . 9. of Serke.

In 17 Ioh. the King committedPat. 17 Jo. m. 1. Claus. 17 Joh. m. 11. to him the Lands of Maurice de Gant, in Ledes, and elsewhere in the County of York: As also Claus 17 Jo. m. 4. the Lands and Fees which were held of the said Maurice by those, who were the Kings Enemies. He likewise bestowedClaus. 17. Joh. • 15. on him all the Lands of the said Maurice, lying in Com. Gloucest. excepting the Lordships of Weston and Beverston; Ann. 1215. and moreover allClaus. 17 Joh. • 15. his Lands in Comitat. Oxford. & Somerset. Nevertheless, he joyned 〈◊〉 . Paris, in eodem ann. with the Barons in the same seventeenth year of that Kings Reign, when they so boldly claimed their Liberties; and wasIb • d. at Runnimede with them, when they met the King there.

Howbeit, he wasIb • d. one of those, who, being most moderate, inclined to the King. Yet, after his confirmation of the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest, he sworeIbid. p. 262. n. 20. to adhere unto those Twenty five Barons, that had engaged themselves by an Oath to the observance thereof; and not only so, but to compel the King so to do, in case he should recede thereform.

But when the King flew off from what he had so solemnly granted, he joynedIbid. 274. • . 33. himself to him in his Northern march, at that time he so much wasted those parts.

Nor was he less obsequious to his Son and successor King Henry the third; for he attended M. Paris, in ann 1216. p. 289. 17. him at his Coronation at Gloucester; and after wasIb • d. p. 295. one of his Chief Commanders in the Battle of Lincoln, against the rebellious Barons; where he obtained a glorious Victory (as in the life of William de Albini of Belvoir hath been declared.) Whereupon Lewes of France (whom those Barons had brought in, to be set up against King Iohn) being constrained to flee; and the English pursuing him at Sea, thisIbi • . p. 298. l. 26. Philip de Albini (whom the King had madeIbid. l. 11. of Councel to the famous William Marshal, at that time Governor both of his Person and the whole Realm) with his Band of Archers, didIbid. l. 26. great execution upon the French in that Naval Fight.

But besides his qualifications as a Souldier, he was (as it seems) a Scholar: for my Author Mat. Paris, ut supra. calls him Regis Anglorum Magister & eruditor fidelissimus; a most faithfull Teacher and instructor of the King: whose trust in him was such, and so great; that in the first year of his Reign, he imployedPat. 1 H. 3. m. 7. him in demolishing the Castle of Chichester in Sussex: And the next year ensuing; having the Government of the Isles of Gernesey, Iersey, Aurenny, and Serke, received a preceptPat. 2 H. 3. m. 8. from the King to see that the same rates and prices of Commodities should be then there observed, as had been formerly in the Reigns of King Henry the second, Richard the first, and King Iohn. And forClaus. 2 H. 3. m 4. his better support in that Kings service, had a Claus. 2 H. 3. m 4. grant of the Lordships of Torksey and Grimesby, in Com. Linc.

In 3 Hen. 3. he was madePat. 3 H. 3. m. 3. Governor of the Castle of Devises in Com. Wilts. and of the Forests of Melksham and Chipeham in that County; and so continuedPat 8 H. 3. p. 1. m. 2. for the space of five years: yet, by reasonPat. 3 H. 3. m 3. of his personal attendance upon the King, and his service otherwise, he had licencePat. 3 H. 3. m 3. to depute Philip de Albini his Nephew (viz. SonPat. 5 H 3. p. • . m. 3. to his Brother Raphe de Albini) to be his Lieutenant in the Isles of Garnesey and Gersey. Which Philip, mortgaging Ibid. M. Paris, 〈…〉 p. 313 l. 26. his own Lands at Engleby, for his better support in that employment, had a promise Ibid. M. Paris, 〈…〉 p. 313. l. 26. from the King of sufficient recompence for the same, in case this our Philip his Uncle, who being the signedIbid. with the Cross and gone to the Holy-Land, should depart this life within three years ensuing.

This Philip the younger, for his faithfull performance of that service in the government of those Isles, had divers eminent persons for his sureties; viz. Claus. 6 H. 3. in dorso, m. 21. the Earl of Salisbury, Roger la Zouche, Alan Basset, Raphe de Thoenei, Fouke Fitz-Warren, Almaric de St. Amand, Iohn de Gray, Geffrey de Nevill, and Eudo de Arsic.

But I return to Philip, the elder.

This Philip, being come into the Holy-Land, and soon learningM. Paris, p. 313. n. 30. how the state and condition of all things, in those parts then stood, did by an exact NarrativeM. Paris, p. 313. n. 30. to Ranulph Earl of Che • ter, represent unto him the sad loss of Damieta, with the circumstances thereof. But returning safely from that Voyage, within two years after (viz. in 8 Hen. 3.)Ann. 1224. answered Rot. pip. de eodem ann • Somerset. for seven Knights fees and an half in Com. Somer. upon collection of the Scutage of Montgomery, and the same year, accompanied M. Paris, 〈◊〉 eodem anno. p. 3 • 3. 〈◊〉 . 42. Richard Earl of Cornwall, and Poictou, (the Kings Brother) with a military power into Gascoigne.

Moreover, Shortly after that; scil. in ann. 1226.Anno. 1226. (10 H. 3.) the King discerningIb. p. 335. n. 30., that divers of the great Noble men of France, being discoritented, had declined to attend at the Coronation of Lewes (who was then but ten years of age;) he sentIb. p. 335. n. 30. this Philip with Walter Archbishop of York, and other Embassadors, unto the Nobility of Normandy, Anjou, Britany, and Poictou; requiringIb. p. 335. n. 30., that they would admit him to come over himself in person unto them, and to acknowledge him for their natural Lord.Anno 12 •• . How little success this their Message had, is not my business here to relate; but the next year following, they returnedIbid p 336. l 31. into England.

In 11 Henr. 3. he was madePat. 11 〈◊〉 3. m. 3. Sheriff of Berkshire, and hadPat. 〈◊〉 3. m. 3. the Honor of Wallengford committed to his custody.

In 13 Henr. 3. againRot. Pip. 〈◊〉 eodem anno. Sheriff of the same County. And in 16 H. 3. once more made GovernorPat. 16 〈◊〉 m. 1. of the Isles of Garnesey, and Gersey.

After which purposing 〈…〉 another voyage to the Holy-Land, in order to the fitting himself for that journey, he mortgagedPat. 19 〈…〉 m. 14. his Lordship of Periton for seven years, unto his Nephew Raphe de Albini: and there departing 〈…〉 . this life the year next ensuing, was buried 〈…〉 . in those parts, as he had often desired.

Of his Nephew Philip, Philip. • I have observed no more, than what is above expressed, save that he had the Hundred of Wichton granted 〈…〉 . unto him in 8 Hen. 3. for his better support in the the Kings service: And that his brother Elias became 〈…〉 . his heir.

Which Elias was summoned to Parliament in 23, 25, 25, 28, 30, 32, and 33 Edw. 1. as appears 〈…〉 . by the Records of those years: And, with Hawise his Wife, conferred 〈…〉 . on the Canons of Newhus, in Com. Linc. for the health of the Soul of William de Albini (who gave them Saxelby, and other Lands in that County) all their right in the Church of Saxelby; viz. the third part thereof; with certain Lands in Dryholme, on the South side of Fossedike; his sons Oliver and Raphe confirmingIbid. the grant.

To this Elias succeeded Kaphe Kaphe. (his son and heir, as those Genealogies of this Family that I have seen do import) whose name in most Records is written D'aubeny. Which Raphe in 20 Ed. 2. wasEx. omp. Tho. de Usfle • e p • ovisoris magnae Garderob • R. 20 E. 2. penès Remem. R. in Scacc. one of the Knights of the Bath, then solemnly created, and had his Robes as a Baneret.

In 8 Edw. 3. he wasRo • . Scoc. 8 E. 3. m. 8. in that Expedition then made into Scotland. So also inRot. Scoc. • 1 • E. 3 m. 13. 12 E. 3. And in 16 Ed. 3. had summonsClaus. 16 E. 3. in dorso. to Parliament, but never after.

This Sir Raphe D'aubeny took to WifePat. 12 H 4. p. 1. m. 15. per Inspex. Katherine the sister of Thomas de Thwenge; by whom he had issuePat. 12 H 4. p. 1. m. 15. per Inspex. one only Daughter called Elizabeth, marryedPat. 12 H 4. p. 1. m. 15. per Inspex. to Sir William Botreeux Kt. But by Alice his second Wife, DaughterEx Coll. R. Gl. S. to the Lord Montacute, he had issueEx Coll. R. Gl S. Sir Giles D'aubeny Giles. Knight his son and heir: who marriedPat 32 E. 3. p. 2. m. 7. Alianer the Daughter of Henry de Wylyngton. To whom succeeded another Giles, whoStafford & Kemp. f. 134. b. was SheriffRot. Fin. 10 H. 6. m. 12. of the Counties of Bedf. and Buck. in 10 H. 6. and by his Testament bearing date 3 Martii anno 1444. (23 Henr. 6.) bequeathed his body to be buried in the Chappel of our Lady, within the Church of S. Peter and Paul, at South-Pederton (in Com. Somers.) before the Altar there; and appointed, that a Priest should sing for the space of three years in that Chappel for his Soul; as also for the Soul of Ioane his wife, and the Soul of William D'aubeny whose Bones rested there. And moreover that there should be another Priest singing at Kempston, for the space of one year, for the Souls of Giles his Father, Margaret his Mother, Alianor his Grandmother, and Thomas his Uncle.

By which Testament he likewise bequeathed unto Alice his Wife a Ring with a Diamond; To William William. his Son two Salers guilt, all his Armour, and two of his best Horses; and to Giles his son a dozen of silver Vessels. Which William, doing his homage hadRot. Fin. 24 H. 6. m. 13. livery of his Lands in 24 Hen. 6. And in 25 Hen. 6. obtained the Kings CharterCan. 25 H. 6. n. 5. for a Fair every year at his Lordship of South-Pederton, upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist, and three dayes next following.

To which William succeeded also Giles Giles. his son and heir (a person of no small note in his time.) For, in 17 Edw. 4. beingPat. 17 E. 4. p. 2. m. 23. one of the Esquires for the Body to the King, he had, in Pat. 17 E. 4. p. 2. m. 23. consideration of his many services, a grant Pat. 17 E. 4. p. 2. m. 23. for Life of the custody of the Kings Park at Petherton near Bridgwater, in Com. Somers. And in 14 Edw. 4. was retainedEx autogr: penès Cleric. pell. by Indenture to serve the King in Normandy, with four men at Armes, and fifty Archers. Moreover, in Richard the thirds time, he was one of the first, then taken intoP. Virg. p. 550. n. 30. consultation (through the contrivance of that renowned Lady Margaret Countess of Richmund and Derby,) by Reginald Bray her trusty instrument, for bringing in of Henry Earl of Richmund (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the seventh:) who seeingIb. 552. n. 10, & 20. Henry Duke of Buckingham, one of the chief in that designe, he so unhappily surprized, before it could take effect; gotIb. 552. n. 10, & 20. with other wellwishers to it, into Britanny.

And after that succesful day at Bosworth; where King Richard being slain, the Crown was set on that victorious Henries Head, he was made oneP. Virgil. 566. n. 20. of his chief Councellors, Constable Pat. 1 H. 7. p. 8. of the Castle at Bristol, MasterIbid. p. 1. of the Mint, and upon the twelfth day of March, the same year, advancedCart. 1 H. 7. m. 19. to the dignity of a Baron.

Moreover, in 2 Hen. 7. he was retainedEx autogr. penès Cleris. pell. by Indenture to serve the King in his Fleet at Sea, with three hundred and fifty Souldiers in four Ships, for the space of six weeks, from the twentieth day of February. And in 3 Henr. 7. constitutedPat. 3 H. 7. p. 1. one of the Chamberlains of the Kings Exchequer.

In 4 Henric. 7. being then GovernorP. Virg. 582. n. 〈◊〉 & 30, & 584. n. 20. of Calais, he was sentP. Virg. 582. n. 〈◊〉 & 30, & 584. n. 20. into Flanders, with three thousand Souldiers, to the aid of Maximilian the Emperour (there being a Rebellion then Holinsh, Chron. in ann. 1489. p 770. b. raised in those parts) where he had a notable SkirmishHolinsh, Chron. in ann. 1489. p. 770. b. with the Enemy near Dixmew; in which he slewHolinsh, Chron. in ann. 1489. p 770. b. many, took divers prisoners and returnedHolinsh, Chron. in ann. 1489. p. 770. b. with much Booty.

And in 7 Hen. 7. was imployedPol. Virg. 586. n. 10. as Embassador, with Richard Fox then Bishop of Exeter, for reconciling all matters betwixt King Henry and the French.

In 9 H. 7. he was madePat. 9 H. 7. m. 30. Justice-Itinerant, of all the Kings Forests on the south of Trent, (Sir Reginald Bray beingPat. 9 H. 7. m. 30. his associate.) And, upon the fall of Sir William Stanley, in 10 H. 7. constitutedP. Virg. 594. n. 10. Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold.

In 12 Hen. 7. being preparedIb. 599. n. 20. to march, as General, with an Army into Scotland, to vindicate those injuries which King Henry had received thence; havingEx autogr. penès Cleric, pell. of his own retinue five Lances, fifteen Demi-lances, two hundred fifty four Archers; and Bills for two hundred and fifty Souldiers; six Lances, twelve Demi-lances, seventy one Archers; and Bills for three hundred Souldiers; and seven Lances, four Demi-lances, five hundred forty four Archers, and Bills for three hundred and sixteen Souldiers; he was prevented P. Virgil. 600 n. 10. from that expedition by the Rebellion of the Cornish-men, who were headed by Iames Lord Audley: and hadP. Virgil. 600 n. 10. his share in the honor of that victory over them at Black-Hea • h, in Kent, which was then, through the happy conduct of the Kings forces, under the command of Thomas Earl of Surrey, so successfully obtained.

And the next year following wasIbid. 605 n. 30. in the head of that Army, against those forces near Tanton, in Com. Somers. which were newly landed in Cornwall, on the behalf of Perkin Warbeck; where they were utterly vanquished.

In 19 Hen. 7. he was made ConstablePat. 19 H. 9 • m. 18. of the Castle of Bridgwater. And by his Testament Benet qu. 16 • , bearing date the 19 Maii, 23 H. 7. bequeathing his Body to be buried in the Abby of S. Peter at Westminster, appointed that his Feoffees would stand seised of and in his mannors of Wynderstow, in Comit. Willts. and Grychell-Gover, in Com. Dorset. of the yearly value of twenty six pound thirteen shillings and four pence; to the intent, that, with the issues of the same, there should be three Priests su • ained perpetually, to sing for his Soul, and the Souls of his Father and Mother; viz. two in the Church where he was to be buried, and the third in the Parish Church of South-Pederton in Com. Somerset. where divers of his ancestors lay interred; every of them to have, for his Salary, ten Marks Sterling. And to Elizabeth his wife (Daughter to Sir Iohn Arundel of Lanhern in Cornwall, Knight) he gave an hundred Marks worth of Plate,

He diedMS. in Offi • io Armorum J. 3. f. 44. a. at London, 28 Maii, 23 H. 7. and lieth buried in the Chapel of S. Paid within the Abby Church of Westminster, as by the Epitaph on his Monument there appeareth. Leaving issueEx coll. R. Cl. s. Henry his only son; and one daughter called Cecelie. married to Iohn Bouchier, Lord Fitz-Warren, afterwards Earl of Bathe. Which Henry in 6 Hen. 8. had a special livery Pat. 6 H. 8. P. 1. of all the Lands whereof his said Father died seised. And was createdPat. 30 H. 8. p. 2. Earl of Bridgewater, upon the nineteenth day of Iuly 30 H. 8. at the Kings Mannor house of Ocking; being the second who had the title of some eminent City or Town.

But this Henry, though wedded to Catherine, daughter of Thomas Duke of Norfolk, died Catal. of Nob. by R. B. without issue.

William de Albini Pincerna.

THis William de Albini, William de Albini Pincerna. sonMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 593. • . of Roger de Albini, by Amicia his wife, and elder brotherIbid. Ord. Vit. 851. A. to that famous Nigel de Albini; whose posterity assumed the sirname of Moubray (as I have elsewhere shewed;) coming Ex cod. MS. ad 〈◊〉 famili • dud • m spectante: ac ann. 1640. penès V. C • . Henr. Spelm Equ. Aur. first hither with William Duke of Normandy, at his Conquest of England, and being much aidingEx cod. MS. ad 〈◊〉 famili • dud • m spectante: ac ann. 1640. penès V. C • . Henr. Spelm Equ. Aur. to him in that service, had divers Lands in Norfolk, and other place, conferred Ex cod. MS. ad 〈◊〉 familia dud • m spectante: ac ann. 1640. penès V. C • . Henr. Spelm Equ. Aur. upon him: whereupon he ejectedEx cod. MS. ad 〈◊〉 familia dud • m spectante: ac ann. 1640. penès V. C • . Henr. Spelm Equ. Aur. several persons out of their possessions; amongst which one Edwyne a Dane, (who first came hither with King Knute) was by him dispossessed Ibid. of the Lordships of Snetsham, Sharneburne, and Stanho, in that County; Edwyne therefore (with some others, who suffered in like sort) went to King William, and told Ibid. him; that neither before his entrance, nor since his Conquest, they had ever acted or conspired against him, but lived inoffensively, as they were ready to prove. Upon which complaint the King forthwith caused enquiryIbid. to be made through the whole Realm; and commanded Ibid., that those who had lived peacably, should have restitution of their Lands, so seized on, to enjoy as freely as they had done before; and thenceforth to be called Drenges. And in pursuance of that his Command, appointedIbid. that this William de Albini, then his Butler; and William de Warren his Forester, should restore unto Edwyne all those Lands which they had thus taken from him.

But notwithstanding this Mandate, all he could get at present wasIbid. only three hundred Acres of Land, and three Folds in Snetesham; and after that four hundred Acres of Land, and four Folds in Stanho, to be held of him by certain services: As alsoIbid. four hundred Acres of Land, and as many Folds in Sharneburne, from William de Warren. Howbeit, ere long the King having sentIbid. Edwyne into Normandy, for his Bastard Daughter, there begotten before the Conquest of England, gaveIbid. her in marriage to Asceur his Son; from which time the said Edwyne had protection so long as he lived.

To this William de Albini and his heirs, was the Lordship of Bokenham, also 〈…〉 . given by King William the first, to hold by the service of being Butler to the Kings of England, on the day of their Coronation. For which respect he was afterwards stiledMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 338 a. n. 20. in divers Charters, Pincerna Henrici Regis Anglorum.

This William de Albini, foundedIbid. 337. a. n. 20. the Abby of Wymundham, in Norfolk; and gaveIbid. 30. b. n. 10. to the Monks of Rochester the Tithes of his Mannor of Etham; as also one carucate of Land in Achestede, with a wood called Acholte.

He likewise gaveNeust. 〈◊〉 637. to the Abby of S. Stephen at Caen in Normandy, all his Lands lying in Stavell: which grant he made in the presence of King Henry and his Barons.

And having weddedIbid. 338. • . n. 30. Maude the daughter of Roger Bigot, with whom he hadLib. rub. is Scacc. tit. Norff. ten Knights Fees in Norfolk, left issueMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 338. b. three Sons; viz. William, Nigel, and Oliver.

It is farther observable of this William; that assistingMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 593. a. at the solemne Exequies of Mande his wife (with great lamentation) he gaveMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 338. a. n. 30. 40, & 50. to the Monks of Wymundham, the Mannor of Hapesburg, in pure Almes; and made livery Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 338. a. n. 30. 40, & 50. thereof unto them by a Cross of Silver, in which were placed certain venerable Reliques; viz. part of the wood of the Cross whereon our Lord was Crucified; part of the Manger wherein he was laid at his Birth; and part of the Sepulcher of the Blessed Virgin; as also a Gold Ring, and a Silver Chalice for retaining the holy Eucharist, admirably wrought in form of a Sphere: unto which pious donation were Witnesses, amongst others, his Sons William, Nigel, and Oliver.

A Daughter he also had, called Oliva, Wife to Raphe de Haya (a great Baron in that time) as appearethEx autogr. 〈◊〉 bibl. Cotton. by that confirmation, which William Earl of Chichester, her Brother, made to the Monks at Essay in Normandy, of the Church of Bisentone, with the Lands and Tithes thereunto belonging, given thereto by the said Raphe de Haya, upon the day that he married her.

The time of the death of this William de Albini I finde not; but that he wasMiscel. • . Gl. Somer, Heraldi lib. 1. buried before the high Altar in the Abby of Wymundham, which he had founded; and that Miscel. • . Gl. Somer, Heraldi lib. 1. the Monks of that House did usually pray for his Soul, by the name of William de Albini the Kings Butler.

¶I now come to William his Son and Heir, who was called William with the strong Hand; William de A • bini. 2. Co. Arund. in regard that amongst his valiant exploits, he slew a fierce Lion; the occasion thus;

ItIbid. hapned that the Queen of France, being then a Widow, and a very beautiful women, became much in love with a Knight of that Countrey, who was a comely person and in the flower of his youth: And because she thought that no man excelled him in valor, she caused a Tournament to be proclaimed throughout her Dominions; promising to reward those who should exercise themselves therein, according to their respective demerits; and concluding that if the person whom she so well affected, should act his part better than others in those Military Exercises, she might marry him without any dishonor to her self.

Hereupon divers gallant men, from forrain parts hasting to Paris; amongst others, came this our William de Albini bravely accoutred: and in the Tournament excelled all others; overcoming many, and wounding one mortally with his Lance: Which being observed by the Q. shee became exceedingly enamoured of him; and forthwith invited him to a costly Banquet, and afterwards bestowing certain Jewels upon him, offered him Marriage. But having plighted his troth to the Queen of England, then a Widow, refused her. Whereat she grew so much discontented, that she consulted with her Maids, how she might take away his life: and in pursuance of that designe, inticed him into a Garden, where there was a secret Cave, and in it a feirce Lion, unto which she descended by divers steps, under colour of shewing him the Beast. And when she told him of his feirceness; he answered, that it was a womanish and not manly quality to be affraid thereof. But having him there, by the advantage of a folding dore, thrust him into the Lion. Being therefore in this danger, he rolled his Mantle about his Arm; and putting his hand into the mouth of the Beast, pulled out his Tongue by the root; which done he followed the Queen to her Palace, and gave it to one of her Maids to present to her.

Returning thereupon into England, with the fame of this glorious Exploit; he was forthwith advanced to the Earledome of Arundel. and for his Arms the Lion given him. Nor was it long after that, the Queen of England, accepted him for her Husband, whose name was Chr. Norm. 798 b. Adeliza, Widow to King Henry the first, and Daughter to Godfrey Duke of Lorein. Which Adeliza hadM. Paris, in ann. 1139. the Castle of Arundell, and County, in Dowry from that King.

Whereupon, residing there; and bearing a great respect to Maude the Empress, (Daughter to King Henry) he sollicitedSigeb. Gembla • . MS 163. • . Ger. Dorobern. col. 1349. n. 10. & 20. her coming into this Realm; and receivedSigeb. Gembla • . MS 163. • . Ger. Dorobern. col. 1349. n. 10. & 20. her together with Robert Earl of Gloucester, her Brother, at the Port of Arundell, in August ann. 1139. (4 Steph.) Most probable therefore it is; that, for this great service he was by her advanced to the Earldome of Arundell: for in the report which is madeHist minor M. Paris, MS. in bib. Regia. of K. Steph. taking of William de Mandevil at S. Albans, in an. 1142 (7 Steph.) it is said, that before he could be laid hold on, he underwent a sharp Skirmish with the Kings party, wherein the Earl of Arundell, though a stout and expert Souldier, was unhorsed in the midst of the water, by Walkeline de Oxeai, and almost drowned. After which, viz. in anno 1150. (15 Steph.) he wroteCart. 13 H. 3. m 15. per Inspex. himself Earl of Chichester; but in 18 Steph. was stiledCart. 13 H. 3. m 15. per Inspex. Earl of Arundell, upon a very memorable occasion; viz. that, when Henry Duke of Normandy (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the second) having invaded England, and coming to releive Wallingford-Castle, then beseiged by King Stephen (which caused the King to draw his Army together, to give battle to the Duke.)

It hapning, that the King, being in the head thereof, his Horse so reared, that he overthrew him; and that when he got up again, he served him so a second, and third time. It caused no little astonishment to all the beholders; whereupon this Earl William, expressed himself thus in effect.

It is apparent from what we have now observed; that it will not be safe for us to give Battle to the Duke: first in regard, that the justness of the quarrel is on his side; and next that those who are disherited will fight the more desperately. Moreover, if it be considered, that there are in each Army, not only Kinsmen and Nephews; but Brothers against one anothr; If we joyn Battle, it cannot be avoided, but many will be guilty of little less than parricide; Let therefore this pernicious fury of a Civil Warr be set aside; and fit persons chosen to compose all difference; with a cessation of Armes, for the present, to the end these animosities may be calmely appeased.

Which Speech relished so well with the King, and all others then there; that, upon a Treaty, shortly after ensuing, Peace was concluded betwixt them.

And after the death of King Stephen, when Henry enjoyed the Crown of this Realm, he stood so fair in his favour; that he did not only obtainRot. Cart. 5 E. 3. per Inspex. the Castle and Honor of Arundell, to himself and his heirs; but a confirmation the Earldom of Sussex, (for though the title of Earl was most known, by Arundell, and Chichester, at which places his chief residence used to be; yet it was of the County of Sussex, that he was really Earl) by the Tertium Denarium of the pleas of Sussex, grantedIbid. to him; which was the usual way of investing such great men (in antient times) with the possession of any Earldom, after those ceremonies of girding with the Sword, and putting on the Robes performed, which have ever, till of late, been thought essential to their creation.

That which I find farther memorable of him in this Kings Reign isGer. Dorobern. coll. 1394, 1395 & 1396. R. Hoved. 284. a. n. 10, & 20.; that in ann. 1164. (10 Hen. 2.) upon that high displeasure, conceived by the King towards Thomas Becket, then Archbishop of Canterbury, whereupon Becket privately fled beyond Sea; this Earl William, with divers Bishops and others, was sent to the King of France, and to the Pope, with Letters from King Henry; representing him to be fled as a Traitor; and desiring that King that he would not receive him into any of his Territories; Also intreating the Pope, that he would not give credit to his suggestions. Likewise, after they came to the Pope, at Senes (in Tuscany) where the Bishops represented the great misdemeanors of Becket, which the Pope endeavored to extenuate: and that the Bishop of Exeter desired that his Holiness would appoint certain Legates to hear and determine in that business, this Earl stood forth, and said;

Sir, we being illiterate, are ignorant what the Bishops have expressed; but we are not to be instructed, to what purpose we are sent. We come not to do any thing contumeliously in the presence of so great a person, to whose authority the whole world doth stoop: but we are to declare, in the presence of this whole Court, how great a devotion our King hath born, and doth bear to your Holiness; and, that if he could have found out any persons more great and Noble to have signified the same, than these now sent, he would have imployed them on this Errand.

And then, after he had magnified the Pope for his great abilities, he concluded with very temperate expressions concerning Becket; beseeching, that his Holiness would vouchsafe to use his best endeavor for the reconciling of this difference.

In 12 Hen. 2. upon levying the Ayd for marrying the Kings Daughter, the Knights Fees belonging to this Honor of Arundell, were certifiedLib. rub. in Scacc. tit. Suff. to be ninty seven: and thoseIbid. tit. Norff. in Norfolk, (whereof William his Father was enfeofft by King Henry the first) forty two.

Afterwards; viz. in ann. 1173. (19 Hen. 2.) whenJorval. col. 1086. n. 10, 20, & 30. Lewes King of France had invaded Normandy, King Henry being there in person in the head of his Army, near the Castle of Brethvil; this Earl (then oneJorval. col. 1086. n. 10, 20, & 30. of his cheif Commanders) madeJorval. col. 1086. n. 10, 20, & 30. a notable Speech to the Souldiers; putting them in mind of the effect of their valor, formerly manifested in other parts; as also the justness of their Cause, their danger by Flight, and that there could be no safety but in Conquering.

In 20 Hen. 2. he undertookR. Hoved. 304 b. n 30. for the Kings performance of those Covenants which were made by him with Hubert Earl of Maurien (id est, Savoy ) touching the marriage of Iohn, son to King Henry, and Alice Daughter of the same Earl.

Moreover he joynedIb. 307. a. the same year with Richard de Lucy, Justice of England, in raising forces against Robert Earl of Leicester, then in rebellion; to whom they gaveIb. 307. a. Battle, and having routedIb. 307. a. his Army, tookIb. 307. a. him prisoner, near St. Edmundsbury in Suffolk And Ib. 398 b. n. 50. upon the appeasing of that great contest, which was betwixt William de Longchamp Bishop of Ely, and Iohn Earl of Moreton, in the time of King Richard the first, hadIb. 398 b. n. 50. the Castle of Windsore delivered into his hands, to be kept for the King.

Lastly, (in the time of King Stephen) out of great devotion to God, in honor of the Blessed Virgin, and S. Iames the Apostle, he founded Mon. Angl. Vol 2. 274. a. b. the Abby of Buckenham in Nor • o • k, for the good estate of himself, and the soul of Queen Adeliza his Wife, and their Childrens Souls, near to his Castle which he had there builtEx ollect R. Gl. S.; giving thereto (inter alia) the site of that Castle, eighty Acres of Land.

Moreover he foundedIb. 143. b. n. 30. the little Priory of Pynham, near Arundell, and amplyIb. 143. b. n. 30. endowed it.

LikewiseEx collect. R. Glov. S. Heraldi Misc. lib. 1. the Chappel of Saint Thomas the Martyr, in Wymundham: And bestowed Cart. 13 H. 3. m. 15. per Inspex. upon the Cathedral of Chichester, the Prebend of West-Dene, and East-Dene. He was also a Benefactor to the Monks of Boxgrave in Sussex, by his grantMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 592. b. of part of his Wood, colled Bessesole (adjoyning to the Woods of Hannac) and of forty Acres of Land in Stocton, with common of pasture there for fifty Sheep, ten Oxen, two Horses, and twenty Hoggs: and land of seven shillings per annum value, in Mildentone, for maintenance of a Lamp in their Chapter house. And departingRad. de Dicetocol. 593. l. 3. M. Paris, in eodem an p 532. n. 30. this life at Waverley in Surrey, 3 Id. Octobr. Ann. 1176. (22 Hen. 2.) had SepultureRad. de Dicetocol. 593. l. 3. M. Paris, in eodem an p 532. n. 30. in the Abby of Wymundham, of his Fathers foundation; leaving issueChronic. Mon in bib. Cott. (Domitian 2. 8.) f. 85. a. by Queen Adeliza, four Sons; viz. William, Godfrey, ..., and ... and three Daughters, viz. Alice marriedCart antiq. n. 29. to Iohn Earl of Ewe, Oliva, and Agatha who were interredMon. Angl. Vol 1. 592. b. in the Abby of Boxgrave.

Which William, William de • lbini, 2. in that great Councel held at Northampton, Co. Arund • lian • . 23 Henr. 2. hadR. Hov 320. • . n. 30. also a grant from the King of this Earldom of Sussex; and in 1 Ric. 1. had a confirmation from that King, of the Castle and Honor of Arundell, as also of the Tertium Denarium de placitis Com. Suss. as his Father had from King Henry the second. And the next ensuing year, had livery Rot. Pip▪ 2 R. 1. Su •• ▪ of the Honor of Arundell, the Castle and Mill, with the Honor of Petvorth, (which was held thereof) only exceptedRot. Pip▪ 2 R. 1. Su •• ▪ ; for which livery he gaveRot. Pip▪ 2 R. 1. Su •• ▪ two thousand Marks.

In 6 Ric. 1. upon collecting the Aid for the Kings redemption, he paidRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Su •• . eighty four pounds ten shillings for his Scutage. And in 7 Ric. 1. accountedRot. Pip. 7 R. 1. Norff. an hundred pound for his Relief, for his Lands in Norfolk.

In 4 Ioh. the King accquittedCart. An • . N▪ n. 50. him of all such debts as he then owed to the Jews.

And in 6 Ioh. he gaveRot. Pip. 6 Joh B • ck▪ & Bedf. a thousand Marks, for the Wardship of the Heir of William de Montchensi; unto whom he afterwards marriedR. Gl. Som▪ ... his Daughter,

Moreover, the same year he obtained a grant Cl • us. 1 • Joh. m. 15. of all the Lands and Fees of Gilbert de Aquila; as also of all those, which belonged to the Mother of the said Gilbert.

In 16 Ioh. he wasPat. 16 Jo • . p. 1. m. 7. one of the great Lords, under whom those persons had safe conduct, that came to London for making their peace with the King, after the relaxation of the interdict: as also who went to Northampton for the same purpose.

Farthermore, in 17 Ioh. he attendedMat. Pari • ▪ in eodem an. p. 255. n. 40. the King at Runnimede, at that time, when the Great Charter, and the Charter of the Forest were confirmed; beingMat. Pari • ▪ in eodem an. p. 255. n. 40. then on the Kings part: But afterwards wasIb. p. 26 • ▪ n. 20. one of those, who took oath to obey the determination of the twenty five Barons, who were elected to take care that the tenor of those Charters should be observed; and to compell the King in case he should recede therefrom.

And the next ensuing year, when Lewes King of France was called in by the rebellious Barons; presumingAn. 121 • . 18 Joh. Mat. Paris, 282▪ n 20▪ he would prevail; he adhered An. 121 • . 18 Joh. Mat. Paris, 282▪ n 20▪ to him: which put the King into such a rage, that he presently raisedIbid. 286. n. 40▪ a mighty Army; and in one months space, ran over the Lands of those adverse persons; plundredIbid. 286. n. 40▪ , and burnt their Houses, with their Corn; and in in particular exercisedIbid. 286. n. 40▪ the like severity in Norfolk, upon the Houses and Lands of this Earl.

But the death of King Iohn, which hapned that year, quite altered the Scene: for what with the terrorAnn. 〈◊〉 (1 H. 3.) Mat. Par •• 29 • • . 4 • . from Rome, of an Excommunication, which was like to be thundred out against Lewes, by Walo the Popes Legate, unless he would forthwith be gone out of England; and the hearts of many, who stood not right to King Iohn, now incliningIbid▪ n. 〈◊〉 . to young King Henry; certain it is that this our Earl wasIbid. n. 〈◊〉 . one of the first that came in unto him.

And seeing now such hopes of quiet and peaceable times; so great was his zeal (as of divers other the most eminent Noblemen) for recovery of the Holy land, from the hands of the Infidels; that the very next year following (viz. Ann. 1218. 2. Hen. 3.) he took a journey Ann. 〈◊〉 . (2 H. 3.) M. 〈◊〉 . in 〈◊〉 ann. M. Paris▪ 〈◊〉 303. n. 2 • . thither, accompanied by Ranulph Earl of Cheste • and others, and wasAnn. 〈◊〉 . (2 H. 3.) M. 〈◊〉 . in 〈◊〉 ann. M. Paris▪ 〈◊〉 303. n. 2 • . at that famous Seige of Damieta; but in his return thence, he diedAn. ••• 1. (5 H 3.) M Paris, 313. n. 10. ann. scil. 1222. Whereupon his Body, being broughtAn. ••• 1 (5 H 3.) M Paris, 313. n. 10. into England, by Thomas a Monk of S. Albans, was interredAn. ••• 1. (5 H 3.) M Paris, 313. n. 10. in the Abby of Wymundham, whereof he was Patron.

By Maude DaughterChron. Anon. in bib. Cort. Domitian. A. 8. 92. b. to Iames de Sancto Sidonio (with whom he hadChron. Anon. in bib. Cort. Domitian. A. 8. 92. b. all her Fathers Lands in England,) and Widow to Roger Earl of Clare, he lest issueMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 337 a. 30. William his Son and successor in this Earldome; who in the same year his Father died, gaveRot. Pip. 5 H 3. Norf. • Claus. 5 H. 3. m. 13. an hundred pound for his relief, and doing his Homage had liveryClaus. 5 H. 3. m. 13. or 〈…〉 .

This William William de Albini, Co. Arund. 3. tookJoh Tinemuth. MS. in bibl. Bodl. [V. 44.] lib. 20. Cap. 58. to Wife Mabel, the second of the four sisters and coheirs to Ranulph Earl of Chester, with whom he hadM. Paris, in ann. 1232. p. 380. n. 10. five hundred pounds Land per annum.

But that which I farther find most memorable of him, is; that he confirmedMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 593. a. the grants made by his ancestors to the Abby of the Holy Trinity at Essay in Normandy; viz. the Church of Filgers, with the Tithes belonging thereto; part of the Church of Ginoxfosse; as also certain Lands in Kerkavill, and Francavill, with whatsoever the Sons of Ralph Espec held of the Honor of Albini, in Alne and Astell. Likewise the whole Tithes of the Fair at St. Christophers, and of the Toll of Albinei; and moreover all that Amicia Wife of Roger de Albinei, (Mother of William de Albini Pincerna) with the consent of her Sons William and Nigel, did give to that Abby in Montfamelose, and Mesnill-Ogis.

This Earl William diedRot. Fin. 18 H. 3. m. 12. Rot Pip. 18 Hen. 3. Suff. without issue in 18 H. 3. as it seems; for in that year Hugh de Albini Hugh. Brother and Heir, gaveRot. Fin. 18 H. 3. m. 12. Rot Pip. 18 Hen. 3. Suff. two thousand and five hundred Marks Fine to the King, to have possession of all the Lands and Castles, descended to him by the death of Earl William his Brother; as alsoRot. Fin. 18 H. 3. m. 12. Rot Pip. 18 Hen. 3. Suff. of all those Lands, that did by right of inheritance descend to him from Ranulph Earl of Chester his Uncle: which Hugh was then in minority: So also at the Solemn Nuptials of King Henry the third; for certain M. Paris, an. 1236. p 421. • . 10. it is, that the Earl Warren did at that time serve the King of his Royal Cup, Loco Comitis Arundeliae, eo quod Adolecens fuerat idem Comes Arundeliae nec adhuc gladio cinctus militari; in the place of this Earl, by reason he was then but a youth, and not Knighted.

But all that I have farther observed of him is, that in 26 H. 3. uponRot. Vasc. 26 H. 3. in dorso, m. 3. that Expedition then made by the King into France, to vindicate the injuries, which he had received from the King of that Realm; this Earl Hugh Rot. Vasc. 26 H. 3. in dorso, m. 3. (amongst-others) had summons † to prepare himself with Horse and Armes, and to attend him thither.

Likewise, that he tookRegist. de Lewes, ut supra. Cart. 36 H. 3. • . 4. to Wife Isabel daughter of William Earl Warren and Surrey, but departedM. Paris, in anno, 1243. p. 600. n. 20. this Life in the prime of his youth, Non. Maii Ann. 1243. (27. Hen. 3.) without M. Paris, in anno, 1243. p. 600. n. 20. issue, and was buriedM. Paris, in anno, 1243. p. 600. n. 20. in the Abby of Wimundham, with his ancestors; leaving his great inheritance, to be divided amongst his four Sisters; viz. Pat. 28 H. 3. m. 17. to Robert the Son of Robert de Tatshall and Mabell his Wife (the eldest of them) the Castle and Mannor of Buckenham, with the appurtenances, for their Capital Seat: To Iohn the Son of Iohn Fitz-Alan and Isabel his Wife, another of the Sisters and Coheirs, the Castle and Mannor of Arundell, &c. To Roger de Somery, who married Nichola the third Sister and Coheir, the Mannor of Barwe in Com. Leic. for the cheif seat, &c. And to Roger de Montall, who wedded Cecilie the second Sister, and fourth of the said Coheirs, the Castle of Rising in Norfolk, for their principal seat.

Another Sister he had, named Colet, to whom her Uncle Ranulph Earl of Chester, gave thirty pound towards her marriage; which gift of this King Henry the third confirmedPat. 17 H. • . m. 9. to her in 17 of his Reign.

All that I shall now Farther observe isMat. Paris, i • ann. 1251. (35 H. 3.) (p. 812. n. 10.), that Isabell the Widow of this Earl Hugh had assigned Claus. 27 H. 3. m. 5. to her for her maintenance, untill her Dowry was set forth, the Mannors of Wymundham and Keninghall in Norfolk, and soon after for her Dowry, the LordshipsClaus. Valc. 27 H. 3. of Burne and Stansted, with the Hundred of Burne in Com. Sussex. Likewise the Mannor of Olney in Com. Buck. and moreover the Mannors of Snetsham, Wymundham, Ple •• et, and Kenninghall, with the Hundred of Gilderos in Norfolk. And that she was foundress Monast. A •• glic. Vol. 2. 929. a. n. 40. of the Nunery of Marham near Lenne in Norfolk, which Lordship of Marham she had by the giftMon. Angl. ut supra, 929. b. n. 10. of her Father, in Frank-marriage: And likewise, that in an. 1252. (36 H. 3.) she moving the King, concerning the Wardship of a certain Person, which she challenged as her right; and not speeding in her suite; boldly told him;

That he was by God Almighty constituted to govern; but that he did neither govern himself, nor his subjects as he ought to do: Adding, that he did wrong the Church, and vex the Nobles. Whereunto the King returned What is this you say? Have the Peers framed a Charter and made you their Advocate to speak for them, by reasons of your Eloquence?

No (quoth she) they have made none at all; but you have violated that Charter of Liberties, which your Father did grant; and which you, by Oath obliged your self to observe: and, notwithstanding you have often extorted money from your liege people, for the ratifying thereof; yet have you broke it; so that you are a manifest infringer of your Faith and Oath. What are become of those Liberties of England, so often solemnly recorded; so often confirmed; nay so often purchased? I, though a Woman, and all the free-born people, do appeal to the Tribunal of God against you: and Heaven and Earth shall bear witness how injuriously you have dealt with us; and the God of Vengeance will vindicate us.

At which Speech the King much astonished, knowing his own guilt; said, Do not you desire my grace and favor, as you are my Kinswoman? Whereunto she replied;

Forasmuch as you have denied me that which is right, what hope have I of favor? but I do, in the presence of Christ appeal against those who have by evil councel so misled you from Justice and Truth, for their own private ends.

Albini.

I Now come to Nigel de Albini Nigel. (younger Brother Ord. Vit. 85. a. to William de Albini, from whom the antient Earls of Arundell descended.) This Nigel de Albini, being a person of Noble Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 193. a. n 20. extraction, and by the MothersMon. angl. ut supra. side a Moubray, came into England, with William Duke of Normandy; and was, after his Conquest, one of those CaptainsIbid. 334. b. • . 3., who marcht with him into Northumberland. The Lands which he possessed by the bounty of that King, were these; viz. Domesd lib. in iisd. ann. the Lordships of Tillebery and Eye, in Buckingamshire; Crawe • ai, Tingrei, Prestelai, Herlingdone, Merstone, Melebroc, Ammefelle, Meldone, Wescote, Tlopelle, Cainehou, Siwile • hou, Polochessete, Stradley, Mildentone, Carlentone, Redewelle, Wiboldestune, Holme, Herghetone, Clistone, Hornslau and Aldriceseia, in Bedfordshire: Aldulvestreu and Altone in Warwickshire; and Sele and Duntone, in Leicestershire.

Moreover, he was a ServantRegist. Abb. de Purness in Officio Ducat. Lane. in Court to King William Rufus, holding the office of Bowbearer to him: and beingMon. Ang. ut supra. girt with the Sword of Knighthood by King Henry the first had the Mannor of Egmanton, with divers Parks in the Forest of Shirewood of his giftMon. Ang. ut supra.: which Lordship, after a short time, he gaveMon. Ang. ut supra. to his special friend Robert D'avil: But when King Henry had farther experienceIbid. n. 30. of his great Valor, and military Skil, he augmented his bounty to him: and enfeoffedIbid. n. 30. him of the Vavassories of Camvile and Wyvile; which so endeared him to that King, that he spared not to adventure his life in his quarrell, in the most perilous encounters; as is manifest by that his signal performance in the famous Battle of Tenerchebray, being the last of those conflicts which King Henry had with his brother Curthose where this Nigel slewIb. n. 40. his Horse, and brought him captive Ib. n. 40. to King Henry; whereupon he obtained by the giftIb. n. 40. of that King, all the Lands of Robert Baron of Fronteboef; viz. Stutevile in England, which by that adherence to Curthose, Fronteboef had forfeited.

And afterwards, King Henry beseigingIbid. n. 40. a Castle in Normandy; this Valiant Nigel first entredIbid. n. 40. the same and delivered it to his hands: in farther remuneration of which service he bestowed Ibid. W. Geme • . 296. B. on him all the lands of Robert de Molbray Earl of Northumberland, both in Normandy, and England, then forfeited by reason of Molbrays conspiracies: as also all his Castles; and Mon Angl. Vol. 1. 775. n. 50. moreover the Castle of Bayeux, with its appurtenances; so that then he hadMon. Angl. ut supra. n. 50. no less than an hundred and twenty Knights Fees in Normandy, and as many in England.

Besides all this, it is evident, that all those large possessions of Geffrey de Wirce; viz. Domesd. lib. twelve Lordships in Warwickshire, twenty seven in Leicestershire, and twenty four in Lincolnshire, whereof the Isle of • xhoime was part, came to the hands of this Nigel, (whether by forfeiture or otherwise I cannot say) which were enjoyed, for many ages, by his posterity.

Being thus possessed of all those Lands, which were of great extent (especially in the north) he became not only very powerfullIbid 846. n. 20., but somewhat oppressive; for he tookIbid 846. n. 20. from the Monks of Durham, two fair Lordships; viz. Berningham, and Skirningham; and divers lands from some other Monasteries; which afterwards (being visited with sickness) he penitently restoredIbid 846. n. 20..

As to his works of piety, certain it is that he foundedMon. Angl. Vol • 562. b. • . 30. a little Priory of Canons regular of of St. Augustines order; at Hirst in the Isle of Arholme, which became a Cell to Nostell Abby in Yorkshire; And gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 703. • . n. 40. the Grange of Aldeburgh to the Monks of Fountains. All that he else gaveMon. Angl. Vol. • . 4 • . n. 20. to any Religious House in England, was the Church of Newbold super Avon, to the Monks of Kirkby, in Com. Warwic.

This Nigel had two Wives; firstOrd Vit. 704. B. Maude, Daughter to Richard de Aquila; whom, by the permissionOrd Vit. 704. B. of Pope Paschall, he Married in the life time of her Husband Robert de Molbray, Earl of Northumberland before mentioned; whilest the said Robert wasOrd. Vit. 704. B. in Prison, for his rebellion against King William Rufus: from whom afterwards being divorcedIbid., because she was his Kinsmans Wife: he secondly MarriedIb. 844. • . to Gundred Daughter to Girald de Gornay (viz. in Iune, Ann. 1118. 18 Hen. 1.) by the special advice Ib. 844. • . of King Henry the first. Which Gundred, in her Widowhood, hadRot. Pip. 5 Steph sub tit. Berchel • i. a corrody of forty one pound, twelve shillings, and three pence, before she was dispossessed of the Castle of Brichelaw Brink •• w, is Com Watt., and gaveMon. Ang. 〈◊〉 supra, 369 b. n. 40. to the Hospital of S. Leonards in York, four Ox-gangs of Land lying in Baggaby.

By which Maud he had no children; but by Gundred he left issueIb. n. 60. Roger; (who possessing the Lands of Mol • ray, as hath been said) did by the special commandIb. n. 60. of King Henry assume Ib. n. 60. the Surname of Molbray.

It is reported 〈…〉 of this Nigel de Albini, that soon after he had received the Kings Writ, to take possession of the County of Northumberland, (whereof Robert de Molbray, whose Lands were given to him was dispossessed, for his rebellion) he fell sick at Roan, and there departing Mon. Ang. ut supra, n. 50. the World very aged, was buriedMon. Aug. ut supra, n. 50. with his ancestors, in the Abby of Bec, in Normandy, whereunto he had givenIb. 954. b. l. 5. twenty pound Lands in Duntone, in Com. Leic. andW. 〈◊〉 . 296. B. other large possessions in this Realm; in which Abby he wasW. 〈◊〉 . 296. B. shorn a Monk before he died.

¶To him succeeded Roger, Roger de Moubray. who bore the Surname of Moubray for the causes above expressed: and being underMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 1028 b. age at his Fathers death, was in WardMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 1028 b. to King Stephen.

In Ann. 1138. (3 Steph.) uponRic Hag • . shald. 320. 15. that great Invasion made by David King of Scotland, (King Stephen) being then in the South) this Roger, though then inAilredus R • val. 337. n. 40. minority, wasRic Hagshald. 320. 15. one of those Northern Barons, who at that time met at York, and there consultingRic Hagshald. 320. 15. with the Venerable Archbishop Thurstan, for the defence of those parts; was one of the chief Commanders in that memorable Battle, near North-Alverton, commonly called Bellum de Standardo, where the English obtained a glorious Victory over the Scots.Jo. Hagshald. 26. 25.

In 7 Steph. (ann. scil. 1142.) adheringIbid. 269. 24. to the King against Maude the Empress, he was with him in the Battle of Lincoln, and there takenIbid. 269. 24. prisoner.

And in ann. 1148. (13 Steph.) accompanied Lewes King of France, in that famous expedition into the Holy-Land then made; where to his immortal honor, he vanquishedS 〈◊〉 276. 3. a stout and hardy Pagan, in single combate.

In 12 Henr. 2. this Roger was certifiedLib. rub. in scacc Ebor. S 〈◊〉 . 276. 3. to hold 88 Knights Fees a third and fourth part de Veteri Feoffamento, and eleven Knights Fees and three parts de Novo: For which uponRot. Pip. 14 H • . Ebor. leviyng of the Aid for Marrying of the Kings Daughter, he answered sixty eight pounds sixteen shillings, and four pence.

Howbeit, in 20 Hen. 2. whenM. Paris, in ann. 1 • 74. Jorval. 1090. 35. young Henry, whom the K. in his own lifetime had Crowned, would have taken upon him the whole Dominion, he adhered to him; and in order to the advancing him to his Fathers Throne, repaired M. Paris, in ann. 1 • 74. Jorval. 1090. 35. his old ruinous Castle at Kinarfare in the Isle of Axholme, and fortifiedM. Paris, in ann. 1 • 74. Jorval. 1090. 35. all his other strong Holds: but in this rebellious designe, he prospered not at all: forJorvall. 1093 33. Henry then elect Bishop of Lincoln, (Bastard Son to the King) raisingJorvall. 1093 33. the power of Lincolnshire soon beseiged Jorvall. 1093 33. that Castle in Axholme; forJorvall. 1093 33. releif whereof this Roger, hastning towards Leicester, was taken prisoner by the Countrey people, at Clay. Which Castle was thereupon demolished Ibid. l. 40. by that Bishop; who likewise marched thence to his Castle of Malesard in Yorkshire; and after a short Seige,Ibid. l. 40. took it.

Discerning therefore his success to be no better; he hastedIb. • 096. 7. to the King, then at Northampton, and rendredIb. • 096. 7. his Castle of Thresk; whichLel. co • l. vol. 2. 272. Rad. de Dic • to 5 • 8. 26. with that at Kirkby-Malesard, the King soon after causedLel. co • l. vol. 2. 272. Rad. de Dic • to 5 • 8. 26. it to be pulled down.

In 23 Hen. 2. amongst divers other English Barons, he was a witness to that determination made by King Henry, betwixt Aldefonsus King of Cast • le, and Sanctius King of Navarre.

Having done with his secular actions, I now come to his pious works; which were many and great: for at the instanceMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 1029 n. • 0. of Gundrede his Mother, heIb. 776. 2. 778. a. 30. founded the Abby of Biland, in Yorkshire, for Cistercian Monks, in anno 1143. 27 Hen. 1. And about two years after, foundedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 93. b. & • 90 n. 50. the Abby of Newburg in Yorkshire for Canons Regular of St. Augustine. As Ibid. 528. n. 10 & 545. n. 50. also the Preceptory at Balshell, in Com. War. for Knights Templars. And gaveIb. 537 n. 40. other Lands in the Isle of Axholme; So likewise at Torp Ib. 539. n. 10. and Threste Ibid 540. b. n. 30. in Com. Ebor. to the Knights of that order.

Moreover, to the same order of Knights Templars, he was a farther Benefactor, by the gift Ibid 545. n. 30. & 554 a. n. • 0. of the Mannor of Keleby, in Com. Linc. and of the Mannor of Wetheley; for which and, other his munificent donations, he was held in such high esteem by those Knights that by unanimus consent they granted to him and his heirs, this special priviledge 〈◊〉 . 551. b. n. 20.; viz. that at what time soever he or they should hap to finde any of the Templars Fraternity, under the sentence of publique Penance, for any offence whatsoever; it should be in his, and their power to release them therefrom, being sorry for their fault which priviledge the Knights Hospitalers, (unto whom the Lands of the Templars were afterwards given) by their publique InstrumentMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 551. n. 30. & 40., bearing date at London, 20 Marcii an. 1335. (10 E. 3.) allowed and confirmed to Iohn Lord Moubray, lineal heir to this Roger, and to his heirs for ever. AddingMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 551. n. 30. & 40. farther, that when ever it might happen, that he or they should come of Devotion unto any of their Covents beyond the Seas; that they ought to he honorably received and served in all respects, as those to whom they were most obliged for benefits, near to the King himself.

To the Canons of Kemlworth in Com. War. he gave 〈…〉 the Churches of Smile, and Hampton in Arden, with certain 〈…〉 Lands lying within his Lordships of Hampton and Baleshall, in that County.

Besides this he was so great an honorer of of the Monastick profession; that he gaveIbid. 6 • 7. b. n. 50. all his Lands in Sulby, and Welford, to the Canons of Sulby in Com. Northamp. And to Mon. Angl. Vol. 1. 405. n. 50. the Monks of S. Maries in York, the whole Isle of Santoft, in Com. Linc. which thenceforth was made a Cell to that Abby.

To the Monks of Rievaulx he gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 1. • 32. a. 19 the Lordships of Welleburne and Hovetune.

ToIbid. 753. a. n. 20. the Monks of Fountains, the whole Lordship of Bramley; allIbid. 754 b. n. 10. Birneham, all Ibid. 756. b. n. 30. Niderdale; andIbid. 757. a. all his Lands between Patley-gate, and Iwdene.

To the Abby of Caen, in Normandy, he gaveNeustr. pia. p. 660. all his Lands in Granivill, that his Daughter might be made a Nunne there.

Likewise toMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 870 n. 30. the Abby of Iorevaulx (at its very foundation) all his Lands lying in Masham; which Lordship Stephen Earl ofPat. 20 H. 6. p. 1. m. 6. per Inspex. Britanny, and Richmond, gave to Nigel de Albini his Father, to hold by the service of one Knights Fee.

ToMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 371. n. 30. the Hospital of S. Leonards in York, the ninth Sheaf of all his corn, increasing throughout every of his Lordships in England.

ToIbid. 397. a. n. 40. the Hospital of Burton-Lazers, in Com. Leic. two Carucates of Land in Burton, with one messuage, and the seat of a Mill.

And toIbid. 163 b. n. 20. the Canons of Bridimgton in Com. Ebor. one Carucate of Land in Freshingtorp, and half a Carucate in Marton.

Nay so servent was his Devotion, that he again R. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. took upon him the Cross, and made another journeyR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. to the Holy-Land; andR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. stayed at Hierusalem in the service of God, when divers other persons, byR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. reason that the Truce was prolonged betwixt Guy de Lezignan King of Hierusalem, and Saladine King of Bab • ion, departed thence. Which Saladine, takingR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. advantage of the differences betwixt the same Guy and the Earl of Tripolis (they being at strife who should be King of Hierusalem) entered the Holy-Land, with a great multitude of Turks, and utterly vanquishedR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. the Christians. In which unhappy overthrow, this Roger de Moubray, with Guy King of Hierusalem, was taken R. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. prisoner, but redeemedR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. by the Knights Templars: And dyingR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. in those parts, was buried at Sures, as someR. Hoved. 361. b. n. 30 & 362. a. n. 20. say: But others, Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 193. b. that wearied with those Warrs, he returned into England; andMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 193. b. that in his journeyIbid. finding a fierce Dragon fighting with a Lion, in a certain valley called Sarranell, he mortally wounded Ibid. the Dragon; whereby he so gained the the love of that King of Beasts, that he followed Ibid. him into England, to his Castle at Hove. As also, that after this, livingIb. 193. b. n. 10. fifteen years, he diedIb. 193. b. n. 10. aged, and was buriedIb. 193. b. n. 10. in the Abby of Biland, within an Arch on the South side of the Chapter House, near to the Lady Gundrede his Mother, with theIb. 193. b. n. 10. figure of a Sword upon his Tombe; leaving issue by Alice de Gant hisIbid. n. 20. Wife, two Sons, viz. Monast Anglic Vol 1. 778. b 51. Nigel and Robert.

Which Nigel wasEx R gist. • Archiep. 〈◊〉 . (inter Coll. R. •• ov. S.) one of the Witnesses to to that Recognition made by King Henry the Second (10 Hen. 2.) touching the Customs and Liberties of the people; But in 20 H. 2 joyned Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 35 • . with his Father, in that Rebellious Insurrection against King Henry the second on the behalf of young Henry. And in ann. 1181. 1 R. 1. attended Jorevall. 1158. 6. at the solemn Coronation of that King. Also the year next ensuing he answeredRot. Pip. 2 R. 1. Ebor. forty four pounds, two shillings, and eight pence, for the Knights Fees he then held, upon levying the Scutage of Wales.

Moreover, he confirmedEx ipso autogr, penès S. D'ews, Mil. & Bar. the grants made by Geffrey de Wirce, Nigel de Albini his Grandfather, and of Roger de Moubray his Father, formerly made to the Monks of Kirby in Warwickshire. And gaveMonast. An. Vol. 2. 397. b. n. 10. to the Hospital of Burton-Lazers, in Com. Leicest. the Tith of all the Meat and Drink spent in his House, wheresoever he should reside.

Likewise, toIbid 940. a. n. 20. the Canons of St Mary Overie, in Southwark, he gave the Church of Benstede, with the Churches of Wudemarstone and Berges thereunto appertaining; which Churches he hadIbid. 85. b. in marriage with Mabel his Wife.

After all which, being signedIb. 193. b. n. 20. with the Cross, he took a journeyIb. 193. b. n. 20. to the Holy-Land, 3 Ric. 1. but diedIb. 193. b. n. 20. before his arival there, upon the Greek Sea; where his Corps (being put into a Coffin, with an Inscription thereon, to declare whom it contained) was castIb. 193. b. n. 20. into the Ocean: leaving issueIbid. by Mabel his Wife, Daughter to the Earl of Clare, four sons; viz. Ibid. William, Robert, Philip, and Roger: Of which Robert I finde Ibid n. 30. that he took to Wife a Countess in Scotland, who had a fair Inheritance there; from whom descended the Moubrays of that Kingdom. And of Roger that in 5 Ioh. he obtained a grantCart. 5 Joh. m. 11. from the King of the Mannors of Swansham, Fuleburne, and Co • tesey, which were the Lands of Alan de Roan.

¶This William William. in 6 Ric. 1. payingRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Ebor. an hundred pound for his Relief, hadRot Pip. 6 R. 1. Ebor. livery of his Lands: and the same year accountedIbid. fourscore and eight pounds, upon the Scutage then levied for the Kings redemption; being oneR. Hoved. • . • 50. b. n. 40. & 50. of the pledges upon that Kings enlargement, for payment of the remainder of his Ransom.

And wasR. Hoved. • . • 50. b. n. 40. & 50. one of the principle Barons, touching whose affection to Iohn Duke of Normandy, upon the death of King Richard the first there grew most doubt: but coming toR. Hoved. • . • 50. b. n. 40. & 50. Northampton (upon the summons of Hubert Archpishop of Canterbury, William Marshal and Geffrey Fitz-Piers Justice of England) swore R. Hoved. • . • 50. b. n. 40. & 50. Fealty to him; on condition, that he should render to every man his right.

And in 1 Ioh. had exemptionRot. Pip. 1 Joh. War, • eicest. from the Scutage of two Marks, then levied upon every Knights Fee.

This William was the Man with whom William de Stutevill had so much and long Contest for those great possessions, forfeited by Robert Fronteboef his ancestor (who took part with Robert Curthose against King Henry the first:) all which were given to Nigel de Albini (his Greatgrandfather) as I have already shewed: for though there wasR. Hoved. 456. b. n. 40. &c. an Agreement made in K. Henry the seconds time, betwixt Robert de Shutevill (who then laid claim to that Barony of Robert Fronteboef his Grandfather) and Roger de Moubray, Grandfather to this William; whereupon Stutevill hadR. Hoved. 456. b. n. 40. &c. Kirkby, M • resheved, for nine Knights Fees, by way of compensation, to quit his Fathers claim: yet, inR. Hoved. 456. b. n. 40. &c. regard, there was no confirmation of that accord in the Kings Court, Stutevill commencedIbid. new Suites against this William; whereupon he gaveOblat • 2 Jo. m. 14. Ebor. the King two thousand Marks, that he might have equal right done him, according to the custom of the Realm; which Suites were at length determined Ibid. by King Iohn, and his great Councel, in this manner; viz. that Stutevill should relinquish his claim to that Barony of Fronteboef; and in consideration thereof, this William de Moubray should pass unto him nine Knights Fees, and twelve pounds Rent. All which being done, they were Ibid. made friends at Lue (a House belonging to the Bishop of Lincoln in the Province of Lindsey) on the Sunday called Septuagessima in 2 Ioh. But after this, viz. in 17 Ioh. being constituted GovernorPat. 17 Joh. m. 23. of the Castle at York; the same year he took partMat. Paris, 254. 4. with those Barons, who put themselves in Arms, and required the confirmation of their Liberties; and became a party toClaus. 17 Jo. in Dorso, m. 21. the Covenants, then made between them and the King (whereof I shall make farther mention in my discourse of Robert Fitz-Walter, the Ring-leader of them:) and moreoverMat. Paris, 262. 1 • . one of those twenty five (and his Brother Roger another) who swore to the performance of that Charter then granted by the King at Runnimede; which, in regard it was by force extorted, caused the King to refuse the observance thereof; as also to fortifyIbid. 264. & 265. divers Castles, and raiseIbid. 264. & 265. what power he could for his own aid: whereupon he sentIbid. 26 • Messengers to the Pope, by whom he representedIbid. 26 • to his Holiness, how he had been dealt with: the Pope therefore much resenting this complaint by his specialIbid. 26 • Bull made void that Charter. Which caused the Barons again toIbid. 268. Arm, and strengthen themselves, by all wayes imaginable; the Pope the better to back the King with his assistance, thundred out Excommunications against them; first inIb. 270. n. 30 • general, and afterwards by special names; amongst whom this William de Moubray was particularly Ib. 277. l, 〈◊〉 specified.

Neither did the fury of this William, and the rest of his party, determine with the Life of King Iohn (which hapned in the eighteenth year of his Reign, wherein that Excommunication was so denounced) but began to shew it self a fresh in the first year of young K. Henry the third: whereupon that heroick William Marshal, then Governor of the King and Kingdom, advanced against them so prosperously; thatIbid. 296. 〈◊〉 , in the Battle of Lincoln, their forces being utterly vanquished, thisIbid. l. 46. William, with many more were taken Prisoners; and his Lands bestowed Claus. 1 H. 3. m. 17. on William Marshal the younger, for his better support: but, inRegist. de Furness. Mon. Angl Vol. 2. 293 b. n 40. consideration of the Lordship of Benestede in Surry, given by him to Hubert de Burgh, then Justice of England, he soon redeemedRegist. de Furness. Mon Angel Vol. 2. 293 b. n 40. all: which in case he had not done, would shortly after have been free to him: for the same year, upon that Agreement Mat. Paris, 299. n. 〈◊〉 made 3 Id. Sept. with Lewes King of France (whom the Barons had called in to their aid) it was concludedMat. Paris, 299. n. 〈◊〉 , that they, and all that had affisted them, should repossess their their Lands and Inheritances: so that from that time there was, if not an hearty, yet an outward reconciliation betwixt the King and those that so lately were most forward in Armes against him; in so much, as amongst divers great men who attended the King in his Army, to the Seige of Bitham Castle in Lincolnshire; this 〈…〉 William de Moubray was one; and thereupon had 〈…〉 Scutage from those that held of him by Military service, towards the support of the charge which he underwent in that expedition.

This William, upon the death of his Brother Roger, had LiveryClaus. 2 Hen. 3. m. 13. of his Lands, paying the Releif Claus. 2 Hen. 3. m. 13. due for the same.

But more I cannot say of him, Than that he Ex ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. Founded a Chappel at Threske, dedicated to S. Nicholas, and therein a Chantry; wherein, by a CompositionEx ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. made with the Monks of Newburgh, it was agreed, That the Bell should be rung (though it were not a Parochial Chapple) at the celebration of Mass, whensoever he, or any of his heirs should be present; as also, on the Festival of S. Nicholas, and the Obits of his Ancestors.

After which, he departedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 193 b. n. 50. this life in the Isle of Axholme, and was buriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 193 b. n. 50. in the Abbey of Newburgh (of his Grand-fathers Foundation) leaving issueIbid. n. 40. by Agnes his Wife, Daughter of ... Earl of Arundel, two Sons, Nigel and Roger.

¶Which Nigel Nigel 2. in 8 Hen. 3. payingRot. Fin. 8 Hen. 3. m. 8. Five hundred pounds for his Releif, had LiveryRot. Fin. 8 Hen. 3. m. 8. of all his Lands; and the same year accounted Rot. Pip. 8 H. 3. Ebor. One hundred seventy six marks and an half, for Fourscore and eight Fees, and a fourth part, upon Collection of the Scutage of Montgomery.

This Nigel de Moubray WeddedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 193. n 40. Maud, the Daughter and Heir to Roger de Camvil, but had noIbid. issue by her; and departingIbid. this life at Nantz in Britanny, in the Thirteenth year of King Henry the Third, was there buried.

After which, in 14 H. 3. Ralph Fitz-Nicholas, the Kings Steward, gaveRot. Fin. & Claus. 14 H. 3. m. 2. to the King Five hundred pounds, that he might have the marriage of the same Maud, for one of his Sons. And in 17 Hen. 3. Hugh de Patshul her Uncle, paid Rot. Fin. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Rot. Pip. de eodem An. Ebor. Pat. 16 H. 3. m. 3. Three hundred marks fine to Hubert de Burgh, to have the custody of the Lands of the same Nigel; as also, that she might marry to whom she should please, and have her Dowry in the Mannors of Hovingham and Burton, in Yorkshire; as also in the Lordship of Rivers in Kent.

And in 18 Hen. 3. Iohn, Earl of Lincoln, and Constable of Chester, havingRot. Fin. 18 H. 3. m 8. Pat. 22 H. 3. m. 7. for the Fine of a thousand marks, gained the custody of the Lands of this Nigel, with the Wardship and Marriage of Roger, Roger 2. his Brother and Heir (which sum he was to pay into the Kings Exchequer, by Five hundred marks per annum) obtainedIbid. favor to pay the same, by Three hundred marks per annum. And in 22 Hen. 3. affignedIbid. this his Wardship to Thomas de Furnival (a great Baron) who had a purpose to marry him unto his eldest Daughter: But that marriage did not take effect, as it seems; for certain it is, That this Roger took to 〈◊〉 . Anglic. Vol 2. 193. n. 50. Wife Maud, the Daughter of William de Beauchamp, of Bedford; and being of full age in 25 Hen. 3. doing his homage, hadClaus. 25 H. 3. m. 9. Livery of his Lands.

In 29 H. 3. this Roger de Moubray paidRot Pip. • 9 H. 3. Ebor. Eighty eight pounds five shillings, for those Eighty eight Knights Fees; and a fourth part, which he held of the King, upon Collection of the Aid, for marrying of the Kings eldest Daughter: And Rot. Pip. 38 H. 3 Hbor. in 38 Hen. 3. the like sum upon making the Kings eldest Son Knight.

In 42 Hen. 3. whenClaus. 42 H. 3. in dorso 〈◊〉 . • 2. the Scots most disloyally held their King in restraint, whom King Henry (whose Daughter he had married) took into Protection; this Roger receivedIbid. command (amongst other of the Northern Barons) to prepare himself with Horse and Arms, and to march into Scotland, with such Forces as King Henry should send thither, for rescue of that King out of the hands of those Rebels.

The same year he had likewise SummonsIbid. n. 10 • to attend the King at Chester, sufficiently accoutred with Horse and Arms, to restrain the insolencies of the Welsh, then in Arms under Lemelin ap Griffin, Prince of Wales, who had committed divers outrages in the Marches.

In 44 Hen. 3. he had the like SummonsClaus. 44 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 9. to be at Shrews • ury, on the day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, to march against the same Lewelin, and his adherents. And the next year following, to beClaus. 45 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 3. in like sort armed, at London, on the morrow after Simon and Iudes day. So also in 47 Hen. 3. atClaus. 47 H. 3. in dorso m. 7. Worcester, on the Feast day of S. Peter ad Vincnla, thence to attend the King in Person, upon his expedition into Wales.

But not long after, scil. in 51 Hen. 3. He departed Monast. Angl. Vol. • . • 93 b. n 50. this life in the Isle of Axho • me, and was buriedMonast. Angl. Vol. • . • 93 b. n 50. in the Friers Preachers at Poutfract, in which year the King rendredPat. 51 H. 3. m. 1. Claus. 51 H. 3. m. 10. to Maud his Widow, the eldestPat. 51 H. 3. m. 1. Claus. 51 H. 3. m. 10. of the Coheirs of Ioan de Beauchamp deceased, the Castle of Bedford; and confirmedPat. 51 H. 3. m. 1. Claus. 51 H. 3. m. 10. the Grant which Richard, King of the Romans (the Kings Brother) had made to the same Maud, of the custody of Roger her Son and Heir, then in minority. Which Maud soon after becameRot. Fin. 3 Ed. 1. m. 14. the Wife of Roger le Strange.

Besides this Roger de Moubray, he had divers other Children; viz. Plac. Coram Joh. de 〈◊〉 12 Ed. • . Rot. 6. & 15. Robert, Andrew, Iohn, Edmund, and William; all which diedPlac. Coram Joh. de 〈◊〉 12 Ed. • . Rot. 6. & 15. without issue; and three DaughtersPlac. Coram Joh. de 〈◊〉 12 Ed. • . Rot. 6. & 15., whose names I find not.

I now come to Roger de Moubray, Son and Heir to the before specified Roger Roger 3. and Maud. This Roger in 6 Edw. 2. making proof of his age, and doing his homage, hadRot. Fin. 6 Ed. 1. m. 3. Livery of his whole Inheritance. And in 10 Edw. 1. EntailedClaus. 10 Ed. 1 in dorso m 1. all his Lordships of Chresk, Kirby-Maleiart, Burton, in Lonesdale, Hovingham, Melton-Moubray, Eppeworth, and the whole Isle of Arholme, upon the Heirs of his own Body lawfully begotten; and for default of such issue, upon Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, and his Heirs.

In the same year, being in the Wars of Wales, he hadRot. Scutag. Wall. 10 Ed. 1. m 4 Scutage of all his Tenants. In 13 Edw. 1. he levied a FineFt. Levat. Octab. Trin. 13. Ed. 1. of the Mannor of Balshal, in Com. War. upon a Warranty of his Ancestors Charter, whereby that Lordship was first given to the Knights Templars: For which respect, he wasFt. Levat. Octab. Trin. 13. Ed. 1. made partaker of all their Prayers, and other their devout exercises.

In 15 Edw. 1. he wasPat. 15 Ed. 1. m. 7. in another Welsh expedision.

In 22 Edw. 1. (8 Iunii.) he hadRot. Vascon. 22 Ed. 1. m. 8. Summons (amongst others) to attend the King with all speed, wheresoever he should be, to give his advice concerning the great Affairs of the Realm; and the same year received commandIbid. m. 7. to repair to him at Portsmouth, well provided of Horse and Arms, and thence to attend him into G •• coigne, for defence of that Province, against the French.

He had also SummonsClaus. de iisdem ana •• in dorso. to the several Parliaments of 23, 24 & 2; Edw. 1.

And in the same twenty fifth year, beingRot. v. scon. 25 Ed. 1. m. 1. in that expedition which the King made into Flanders, was in the company of the then Bishop of Durham; where he departed 〈…〉 this life in Gant, the next year following; whereupon his Body was brought over into England, and buried 〈…〉 in the Abbey of Fountains.

By R • se his Wife, Sister 〈…〉 to Gilbert, Earl of Clare, he left issue 〈…〉 Iohn de Moubray, his Son and Heir (born 〈…〉 2 Novemb. 14 Edw. 1.) whose Wardship and Marriage, was given 〈…〉 by the King to William de Brewes, of Gowher; to the end, he might marry 〈…〉 Aliva, Daughter of that William: Which marriage was consummated 〈…〉 accordingly, she afterwards becoming one of the Coheirs 〈…〉 to the same William.

¶Which Iohn, in 34 Edw. 1. had Livery 〈…〉 of all her Lands, though he was not of full age; in regard he then attended 〈…〉 the King into Scotland, well accoutred with Horse and Arms; that 〈…〉 being the time, when Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, so successfully advanced against Robert de Brus, Crowned King of Scotland; and the same year received 〈…〉 the Order of Knighthood, with Prince Edward, and many other in great solemnity.

In 35 Edw. 1. he still continued in Scotland.

And in 4 Edw. 2. received command 〈…〉 to attend the King at 〈◊〉 , sufficiently provided with Horse and Arms, to march against the Scots. Moreover, the next year following, being of full age; and doing 〈…〉 his homage for those Lands which were of Maud his Grand-Mothers Inheritance, he had 〈…〉 Livery of them (which Lands Roger le Strange her second Husband, then dead, had held 〈…〉 during his life by the curtesie of England.)

In 6 Edw. 2. this Iohn, being Sheriff of Yorkshire, and Governor of the City of York, received command 〈…〉 from the King, to seize upon Henry de Percy (then a great Baron in the North) for that he had suffered Piers de Gaveston, Earl of Cornwal, to make his escape out of Scarborough Castle; in which, the said Henry undertook he should be safe kept, having rendred himself to him on that condition.

In 7 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 7 Ed. 2. m. 3. in another expedition, then made into Scotland; and then constituted Ibid. m. 10. one of the Wardens of the Marches, towards that Kingdom: In which year he had License Claus. 7 Ed. 2. m. 13. to send his Brother Alexander, with Horse and Foot, to the assistance of David, Earl of Athol, against Edward de Brus, betwixt whom there was at that time great animosities.

In 8 Edw. 2. he received Summons 〈…〉 . from the King, to repair to Newcastle upon Tine, on the Feast of the Nativity of our Lady, with Horse and Arms, to curb the insolency of the Scots. And, consideringClaus. 8 Ed. 2. m. 17. the great charge he had been at in maintaining of Horse for the security of Yorkshire, when he was Sheriff of that County; the King allowedClaus. 8 Ed. 2. m. 17. him to receive the yearly Revenue of the Lordships of Penreth, and Soureby in Tindale, in Com. Cumb. until the sum of Five hundred marks should be made good to him.

In 10 Edw. 2. he had command 〈…〉 to Array all the Commonalty within the Wapentakes of Osgodcros, Stancross, Barkeston, Agbrigge, and Morley, and the Soke of Snaythe, in Com. Ebor. in order to another expedition into Scotland.

And in 11 Edw. 2. was constitutedPat. 11 Ed. 2. p. 1. m. 25. Governor of Malton Castle in Yorkshire. So alsoIbid. m. 24. of Scarborough Castle in that County.

In 12 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 12 Ed. 2. m. 11. again in Scotland, in the Kings service, with powerIbid. m. 9. to receive all such into protection, who should submit to King Edward.

In 14 Edw. 2. there arose a great controversie touching certain possessions in Wales, called Gowherland, whereunto this Iohn laid claim, in right of Aliva his Wife: From which spark there proceeding no little flame, I shall here take leave to sayTho. Wals. in eodem an. no p. 90. n. 40. something thereof.

William de Brewes, Father to this Aliva, being a Knight of a very noble Extraction, and Possessor, by Inheritance, of a goodly Barony in the Marches of Wales; having by lavish courses much wasted his Patrimony; and at this time setting that part of his Inheritance called Gowherland on sale; first made a contract with the Earl of Hereford for the same, in regard it lay very fit for him; and afterwards with two other potent men, viz. Ibid. p. 91. Roger de Mortimer the Uncle, and Roger his Nephew, who knew nothing of the former bargain with the Earl of Hereford. Amongst which, this Iohn de Moubray laid his claim, in right of Aliva his Wife before-mentioned: But Hugh de Spencer the younger (at that time Lord Chamberlain to the King, and no small favorite) coveting these Lands, in regard of their vicinity to his own, dealt with William de Brewes; and through his power at Court, kept the possession of them, notwithstanding the former bargains made with others, and the claim of this Iohn de Moubray, which caused those great Lords to be much incensed against the said Hugh de Spencer; insomuch, as complaining of the injury to Thomas, then Earl of Lancaster, they drew in many great Earls and Barons to their party, who thereupon took occasion to arm themselves in a Rebellious manner.

The farther circumstances and proceedings herein, I shall refer to our Historians, and only point at the sad issue thereof; which was, that the King having raised a powerful Army to chastise these Rebels, divers of them fellIbid. p. 93. n. 30. off and submitted; amongst whom wereIbid. p. 93. n. 30. the two Mortimers beforementioned, the rest at Boroughbridge in Yorkshire, being slain or taken prisoners; of which, viz. the slain, the Earl of Hereford was oneIbid. p. 9 • . n. 10.; and of the prisoners, were Ibid. p. 9 • . n. 10. Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and this our Iohn de Moubray, who both suffered death for the same: The Earl at Pontfract Ibid. n. 40., and Moubray at York Ibid. n. 40., soon after; scil. 15 Edw. 2. all his Lands being seisedMonast. Angl. Vol. • . 1942. into the Kings hands, his Wife and Son imprisonedMonast. Angl. Vol. • . 1942. in the Tower of London; and so grievously oppressed, that to alleviate the burthen, she was necessitated to givePat. 17 Ed. • . p. 2. m • . up unto that then potent Man, Hugh le Despencer, Earl of Winchester, the Castle and Mannor of Brembrey; as also the Mannors of Knappe, Shorham, Horsham, and Beau-Busson, which were of her Inheritance; and wherein William de Brewose the elder, had an estate only for life, to hold to the said Hugh (after the decease of William de Brewose) and his heirs for ever.

Nay so great was the indignation of the King, and the Spencers, to the dead Bodies of this Iohn de Moubray, and those other who were hanged with him at York, that they wouldH. Knighton, • 541. n. 30. not suffer them to be taken down from the Gallows, and buried of a long • ime after.

The Lordships whereof this Iohn de Moubray was thenEsc. • Ed. 3. • . 87. possessed, were these, viz. Shustoke in Com. War. Creke in Com. Northampt. Melton-Moubray in Com. Leicest. and Epworth in Com. Line. all which he held of the King by Military service.

And these in the County of York, which he held in capite, by Barony, viz. Theske, Kirkby, Malesart, Burton in Lonesdale, Bramton, Couton, Alwarthorpe Cave, Wytheley, Faxfleet; and the moity of the Mannor of Foukbrigge.

All that I farther find of Aliva his Widow, is, That in 2 Edw. 3. she obtained 〈◊〉 2 Ed. 3. from the King, a Confirmation of Gowherland, in Wales, to her self, and the heirs of her Body, by her late Husband, Iohn de Moubray, begotten; the Remainder to Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, and his heirs: Also, that she afterwards became the WifeClaus. 5 Edw. 3. m. 6. of Sir Richard Peshale Knight, and diedClaus. 5 Edw. 3. m. 6. in 5 Edw. 3.

But Iohn, Iohn. 2. the Son and Heir of this last mentioned Iohn and Aliva, found more favor from King Edward the Third: For that King, in the first of His Reign, acknowledgingRot. Fin. 1 Edw. 3. m. 1. the great sense he had of the eminent services, which the Fore-fathers of the said Iohn had done to his Royal Progenitors; acceptedRot. Fin. 1 Edw. 3. m. 1. of his homage before he came of full age, and gave him Livery Rot. Fin. 1 Edw. 3. m. 1. of his Lands. Whereupon he marchedRot. Scoc. 1. Edw. 3. m. 5. into Scotland, in the expedition that year made.

In 5 Edw. 3. this Iohn, upon the death of his Mother, gaveRot. Fin. 5 Ed. 3. m. 12. Three hundred pounds Fine, for the custody of all those Lands which were of her Inheritance. And in 7 Edw. 3. attendedClaus. 7 Ed. • . in dorso m. 16. the King in his Scotch expedition, then made. So alsoRot. Scoc. • Ed. 3. m. 6. in 8 &Rot. Scot. • 11 Edw. 3. m. 18. 11 Edw. 3.

In 12 Edw. 3. he represented to the King, That Iohn de Moubray his Father, having been retained by Indenture to serve King Edward the Second in his Wars, with CovenantClaus. 12 Edw. 3. p. l. m. 33. to receive certain Wages and Fees for the same, which were never paid, and now PetitioningClaus. 12 Edw. 3. p. l. m. 33. that he might have the arrears thereof, obtainedClaus. 12 Edw. 3. p. l. m. 33. an Assignation of them out of the Exchequer.

In the same year, uponClaus. 12 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 1. that danger, which then appeared on the Coast of Sussex, from the number of French, and others, hovering thereabouts; he received special commandClaus. 12 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 1. to repair to his Mannor of Brember, with Horse and Arms, for the defence of those parts.

In 13 Edw. 3. he wasFroi •• ard, • ol. 23 a. with the King in the third Bataglia of his Army, drawn up against the French at Uyronfosse, which retreated without fighting. And in 14 Edw. 3. being constituted 〈…〉 Governor of Barwick upon • wede, was retained by Indenture 〈…〉 , to continue there, from the first of May, for the one whole Twelve Moneth; having for the Guard thereof One hundred and twenty Men at Arms, One hundred Hobelers, and Two hundred Archers; of the which, he was to provide of his own proper Retinue, Sixty Men at Arms, whereof Ten to be Knights; Twenty Hobelers, and Sixty Archers. But of this number it appears 〈…〉 , that there were Three Banerets, and Ten Knights; and that there being One thousand nine hundred eighty nine pounds five shillings, due to him by those Covenants; the Bishop of Durham, H. de Percy, and Ralph de Nevil (two great Barons of the North) were commandedRot. Scoc. 14 Edw. 3. m. • . to take care for the payment thereof.

In 16 Edw. 3. the King, amongst other Letters to his Nobles, sentRot. Fran. 16 Edw. 3. m. 11. to this Iohn, to provide Forty Men at Arms, and Forty Archers for his service in that great expedition, then designed into France▪ appointingRot. Fran. 16 Edw. 3. m. 11. him to be at London on, the Octaves of S. Hillary, there to treat and agree with his Council, touching the wages for those his Soldiers in that service. In which, he attended the King, and wasFroissard, f. 48 a. with him at the Siege of Nantz in Britanny.

In 17. Edw. 3. he had the like commandRot. Franc. 17 Edw. 3. 〈◊〉 dorso m. 16., to provide as many Men at Arms and Archers, for the Wars of France.

In 20 Edw. 3. he joynedYpod. Neustr. 〈◊〉 eodem anno p. 119. n. 30. his Forces unto those of the Archbishop of York, with divers other great Lords; and wasYpod. Neustr. 〈◊〉 eodem anno p. 119. n. 30. in that memorable Battle against David, King of Scots, (with his Army of Sixty thousand) near Durham; whom they utterly vanquished, and took prisoner Ypod. Neustr. 〈◊〉 . eodem anno p. 119. n. 30.; himself, with the Lord Leyburne, and the Sheriff of Yorkshire, then commanding Joh. Tia • muth. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. l. 21. cap. 76. the third Battalia of the English Host. And the same year attendedFroissard, f 59 b. the King into France, for raising the Siege of Agu • ilon.

In 21 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Scoc. 21 Edw. 3. m. • . again in the Scotish Wars.

And in 26 Edw. 3. being cheifRot. Franc. 26 Ed. 3. m. 5. of the Commissioners in Yorkshire, for guarding the Sea-Coasts against the French, then threatning an invasion; was also chargedIbid. m. 7. to find Thirty Men for Gowherland in Wales.

In 29 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Scoc. 29 Ed. 3. m. 1. in the Marches of Scotland, upon the Kings special service.

And in 34 Edw. 3. beingFroissard, • ol. 104 • . with the King in his Army at Bourge • e Royne (two leagues from Paris) the King takingFroissard, • ol. 104 • . his way thence to Montlehery. This Lord Moubray (with the Lord Nevil, and some others) laidFroissard, • ol. 104 • . themselves in the Ambushment (about three leagues from Paris) expecting that the French would issue out; which hapning accordingly, they skirmishedFroissard, • ol. 104 • . with them, and had the victoryFroissard, • ol. 104 • .. But, after this I find no farther mention of him, than that the stileMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 776 b. n. 30. which he used in his Charters, was Dominus Insulae de Haxiholme, & de Honoribus de Gowher & de Brember; and that he died Tho. Wals. in eodem anno p. 171. n. 40. at York of the Pestilence, 4 Octob. 35 Edw. 3. then seizedEsc. 35 Ed. 3. p. 2. n. 10. of the ruinous Castle at Bedford; as also of the Mannors of Willington, Hammes, Broumham, and Lyntelade in that County. Likewise of Threske, Woodhall, Kirkby-Malsart, and Burton in Lonesdale, in Com. Ebor. Of the Mannor of Eppeworth, with the whole Isle of Axholme, in Com. Linc. And morcover of the Castle of Brember, with its Members in Sussex; the Hundreds of Bru • ford, Stening, Greensteed, Borghbeck; the half Hundreds of Cysewrithe and Fishersgate: As also of the Towns of Brember and Shogham; of the Mannors of Beding, Kingsberne, Findone, Wassington, Knap, Greensteed, Horsham; the Park of Beanbush in le Sele; as also of S. Leonards Chase. And that he was buriedMonast Anglic. Vol. 2. 194 a. n. 20. in the Gray-Friers at Bedford, leaving issueIbid. n. 〈◊〉 by Ioan his Wife, one of the DaughtersIbid. n. 〈◊〉 of Henry, Earl of Lancaster, Iohn de Moubray Ibid. n. 〈◊〉 , his Son and Heir; who was bornIbid. n. 〈◊〉 at Eppeworth before mentioned, in ann. 1326. and of fullEsc. 35 E. 3. ut supra. age when his Father died. Which Iohn doing his Homage soon after, had liveryRot. Fin. 35 E. 3. m. 17. of his Lands.

This is that Iohn, Iohn. 3. who tookRot. Fin. 27 E. 3. m. 9. to Wife Elisabeth the Daughter and Heir to Iohn Lord Segrave, by Margaret his Wife, Daughter and and sole Heir to Thomas of Brotherton (second Son to King Edward the first) Earl of Norfolk, and Earl Marshal of England: By which marriage a great inheritance in Lands, with addition of much honor, came to this Noble Family.

As to his publique imployments, the first that I meet with, is, that in 30 Edw. 3. (his Father then alive) he wasRot. Franc. 30 E. 3. n. 14. in Britanny, in the Warr made there, by King Edward, against the French.

And that in 41 Ed. 3. he wasPat. 41 E. 3. p. 2. m. 14. again in the Warrs of France. As also one of the great Lords there, who madeFroisard. f. 146. b. Oath for the observance of those Articles of Peace, then concluded on betwixt King Edward and the French.

Shortly after which, scil. in 42 E. 3. taking Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 294. • . n. 30. Esc. 43 E. 3. p. 2. n. 42. & n. 7. a journey to the Holy-Land, he had the hard fate to be slainMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 294. • . n. 30. Esc. 43 E. 3. p. 2. n. 42. & n. 7. by the Turks in his passing near Constantinople, upon the Feast day of S. Dennis 42 E. 3. leaving issueMon. Ang. vol. 2. 294. • . n. 30. Esc. 43 E. 3. p. 2. n. 42. & n. 7. Iohn his Son and Heir but four years of age, and somewhat more: who in 48 Edw. 3. had licenceRot. Franc. 48 E. 3. m. 22. to travail beyond Sea. Shortly after which his Mother diedEsc. 50 E. 3. n. 44. Bedf..

This Iohn was createdCart. 1. R. 2. m. 30. T. Wals. in an. 1 R. 2. 196. n. 10. Earl of Nottingham, Comes Notingh. on the day of King Richard the seconds Coronation with this special clause in the Charter of his Creation; viz that all his Lands and Tenements whereof he was then possessed, or should afterwards purchase, should be held sub Honore Comitali, and as parcel of his Earldom.

In 2 R. 2. he joyned his forces with the Earl of Northumberland, and entredFroisard. f. 205. a. Scotland, but diedMon. Ang. vol. 2. 194. n. 30. Stows Sur. p. 438. a. within few years after, under age, at Lo • don, the Tuesday next preceding the Feast of S. Valentine 6 R. 2. and was buriedMon. Ang. vol. 2. 194. n. 30. Stows Sur. p. 438. a. in the Church of the Friers-Carmelites, nea • Fleetstreet.

To whom succeeded Thomas, his Brother and Heir, thenEsc. 6 R. 2. n. 58. seventeen years of age (who hadRegist. de Newburg. that Christian name by the appointment of his Mother, for the reverence she bore to S. Thomas of Canterbury; (his GodfathersRegist. de Newburg. at the Font being Robert then Abbot of Fountaius, and Geffrey Abbot of Salley.)

This Thomas, Thomas. createdCart. 5 & 6 R. 2. n 6. also Earl of Notingham, in 6 R. 2. (as his Brother had been) took Esc 7 R. 2. n. 60. to Wife Elizabeth Daughter and Heir to Iohn le Strange of Blackmere: which Elizabeth died 23 Aug. 7 Ric. 2. without issue: And in 7 Ric. 2. togetherFroiss • rd. f. 317. a. with the Earl of Northumberland, and some of the Northern Barons he entredFroiss • rd. f. 317. a. Scotland with a thousand Spears, and six thousand Archers.

In 8 R. 2. he was retained by Indenture to serve the King in his Wars.

And in 9 R. 2. constitutedPat. 9 R. 2. p. • . m. 38. Earl Marshal of England, (by reason of his descent from Thomas of Brotherton Earl of Norfolk, and Marshall, as hath been observed) to holdPat. 9 R. 2. p. • . m. 38. the same Office for term of his Life.

In 10 R. 2. he went to SeaYphod. N. p. 145. n. 10. Th. Wals. p. 359. n. 10. with Richard Earl of Arundell, (then constituted Admiral) to oppose the incursion of the Kings publique Enemies; and shared in the glory of that Victory, then obtained, in that Naval adventure against the French, Flemings, Normans, and Spaniards; as alsoTh. Wals. 356. n. 20. of that valiant attempt upon the Castle of Brest in Britanny, which was thenTh. Wals. 356. n. 20. taken by the English: but such was the prevalencyIbid. n. 40. of the Duke of Ireland, at that time, and of those other parasites, who had the Kings eare; as that upon his return; instead of an honorable reception for his good service, he was not looked on with any fair countenance; being oneIb. 359. n. 1 • ▪ of those whose death was designed by that Duke and his complices.

This Thomas did not make proof of his age untillClaus. 28 R. 2. m. 1. 12 Ric. 2. but then, so doing, and performing his Homage, he had liveryClaus. 28 R. 2. m. 1. of all his Lands; and thereupon constitutedRot. Scoc. 12 R. 1. m. 3. Governor of Barwick upon • weed; as also sentTh. Wals. p. 368. n. 30. with a military power against the Scots, who had invaded Northumberland, and made great spoil in those parts: but, havingTh. Wals. p. 368. n. 30. not strength sufficient to give them Battle, he retreatedTh. Wals. p. 368. n. 30. back without any attempt upon them.

After this (scil. in 14 R. 2.) he wasmade 〈…〉 Governor of the Castle of Merke, in France; as also Captain 〈…〉 of Calais, for the term of five years.

The next year following (scil. 15 R. 2.) at the instanceRot. Franc. 15 R. 2. • . • . of this Earl, it was, that the King vouchsafed such favor to the Town of Calais, that for the honor thereof, the Mayor and his successors, should thenceforth haveRot. Franc. 15 R. • . • . a Sword born before them, with the point upwards; except at such time as the King himself, or any of his Uncles, or the Captain of Calais, or his Lieutenant should be present; and then to carry the point thereof downwards.

In 16 R. 2. he was constitutedRot. 〈◊〉 16 R. 2. m. 〈◊〉 . the Kings Li •• tenant in Calais, as also in the parts of Picardy, Flanders, and Artoys; and likewise GovernorIbid. of Calais, and of the new Tower there: And forPat. 21 • . 2. m. 8. 〈◊〉 Inspe • . his many good services done, and to be done, had a grantPat. 21 • . 2. m. 8. 〈◊〉 Inspe • . of two hundred Marks per annum for life to be paid out of the Exchequer, untill such time as the King should better provide for him.

Moreover, he stood in such favor; that the King, acknowledging 〈…〉 his just and hereditary title to bear for his Crest a golden Leopard, with a white Label, which of right did belong to the Kings eldest Son (in case he had any;) did, by his Letters patents grant 〈…〉 unto him, and his heirs, authority to bear the Golden Leopard for his Crest, with a Coronet of Silver, about his neck, instead of the Labell. And in the same year, constituted 〈…〉 him Justice of Chester, and Flintshire, for term of life; with 〈…〉 power to hold Pleas and Sessions there, by himself, or his sufficient Lieutenant: as also JusticeIbid. m. 〈◊〉 . of North-Wales.

In 18 R. 2. he attended 〈…〉 the King into Ireland.

Moreover, in 19 R. 2. he was joyned in Commission 〈…〉 with Edward Earl of Roteland (Son of Edmund de Langley Duke of York) and others, to contract Marriage with Isabel eldest Daughter to Charles the sixth King of France, and King Richard: and again constitutedIbid. m. 〈◊〉 . Governor of the Castle of Calais.

Moreover, the next ensuing year he obtained the Kings licence 〈…〉 for founding that Monastry of Carthusian Monks at his Mannor of Eppe-Worth, in the Isle of Axholm, which he he thereupon established, and most amply endowed Ibid.. As also the Kings CharterCart. 20 R. 2 n. 3. Rot. Parl. 20 R. 2. n. 33. of confirmation of the Office of Earl Marshal of England, to the Heirs Male of his body; with an union of the Office of Marshal in the Courts of Kings Bench and Exchequer thereunto: Likewise of the Office of Marshals-cryer before the Steward and Marshal of the Kings household: And that he and his Heirs male, by reason of this their Office of Earl Marshal, should bear a Golden Truncheon, enameled with black at each end, having at the upper end of it the Kings Arms, graven thereon, and at the lower end his own Arms.

How beit notwithstanding those his many services before remembred, such was the prevalency of his old Enemies (those Parasites by whom the King was governed) that the year following (viz. 21 R. 2. with divers other) he wasTh. Wals. 390. n. 20. arrested, and indicted of High Treason at Notingham, and Witnesses subornedTh. Wals. 390. n. 20. to accuse him in the ensuing Parliament.

But here the Scene soon changed: for whether with the apprehension of his own danger, or allured by those voluptuaries, who bore such sway with the King; he forthwith adheredIbid. 391. n. 10. to them in the destruction of that honorable person Richard Earl of Arundell, whose Daughter he had Married: and was one of the chief that guardedIbid. 391. n. 10. him to his Execution.

Nay it is said by someFroissard. • 94. 2,, that he bound up his Eyes, and beheaded him himself.

And soon after that, hadIbid. n. 40. a principle hand in that execrable Murther of Thomas of Woodstock Duke of Gloucester, (the Kings Uncle) causing him to be smothered with a Feather-bed at Calais. Whereupon he became in such high favour at Court; that the King bestowedPat. 21 R. 2. • . 1. m. 5. upon him, and the Heires Male of his Body, the Castle, Town, and Lordship of Lewes, the Mannors of Cokefield, Clayton, Dycheninge, Methynge, Pe • cham, Brightelmeston, Rottingdene, Houndedene, Northese, Rademeld, Kymere, Middilton, Alington, Worth, Pycombe, Sefford, Iford, Pedingho, Kingston, and Littleworth; the Hundreds of Poninges, Buttringhull, Strete, Be • come, Swanbergh, Holmestrowe, Yonesmere, Whalesbone; the half Hundred of Fishergate; the half Hundred of Wyndham, and three hundred acres of marish, called Wayfeldmerch, with all other the Lands of Richard Earl of Arundel, which by reason of the said Earles forfeiture, came to the King; together with all Knights Fees and advowsons of Churches, in the Counties of Surry and Sussex; the Castle and Town of Reygate, with the Park, Warren, and Chases only excepted. And besides all this, the Castle and Town of Castleacre, with its members and appurtenances, in Norfolk, which, by the forfaiture of the said Earl, came to the Crown.

Moreover, the Castle and Mannor of Hanslape, the Mannors of Olney, Querndon, and Shenley, Mansel, in the County of Buckingham; the Mannors of Berghdon, Greatham, Preston, and Uppingham, in the County of Roteland; the Mannors of Molton, and Potters-pirie, in the County of Northampton; the Mannors of Brayles, Toneworth, Berkswill, Lighthurne, Morton, and Mereshull in Com. Warr. and the Mannor of Yerdley, in the County of Worcester, with all Knights Fees, Advousons, &c. to the same belonging, which by the forfaiture of Tho. Beaucamp Earl of Warwick, then came to the said Kings hands: the grant of all which bears date the 28th day of September.

And the next day;Thomas Dur Nor •• . (1.) viz. 29 Septem. advanced Pat. 23 H. 6. p. 1. m. 5. per Inspex. Cart. 21 R. 2. n. 23. him to the title of Duke of Norfolk (his Grandmother Margaret Daughter and Heir to Thomas of Brotherton, being the same day created Ibid. n. 22. Dutchess of Norfolk.)

Furthermore, within one week after, he obtained another grant, to himself and the Heirs Male of his Body, of the Mannor of Worth, with the two Parks thereto belonging; and of the Mannor of Kingston juxta Lewes, in Sussex: with the reversion of the Mannors of Kenynghale in Norfolk, Peterwell in Essex, and Wyenge in Buckingamshire; and advowsons of the Churches, &c. part also of the possessions of the said Richard Earl of Arundel.

But see how slippery all Earthly greatness is, whereof the foundation is laid with Blood. Being thus set up with Honor and Riches, he soon irrecoverably fell: for within a short space, being accusedTh. Wals. p. 392. n. 30. by the the Duke of Hereford (viz. Henry of Bolinbroke, afterwards King by the name of Henry the fourth) for certain words spoken in disgrace of the King. viz. Rot. Parl. 21 R. 2. n. • 3. that the King, notwithstanding his fair countenance, and great oaths made, meant nevertheless to oppress the Dukes of Lancaster, Aumarle, Exeter, and the Marquiss of Dorset; he challenges Th. Wals. p. 392. n. 30. the Duke to a Duel, which was appointed at Coventry Th. Wals. p. 392. n. 30. upon G • sford-green; Lists accordingly being set up; whereunto he cameHolinsh. Chron. p. 494. col. 2. the day assigned, from his castle of Caludon, hard by, on a Barbed Horse, covered with Crimson Velvet, imbroydered with Lions of Silyer, and Mulbery-trees.

But having entred the Lists in great pomp, the K. prohibitedTh. Wals. ut supra. Rot. Parl. 21 R. • . n. 21, & 23. them to go on to the Combate, banishingTh. Wals. ut supra. Rot. Parl. 21 R. • . n. 21, & 23. the Duke of Hereford for ten years, and this our Duke of Norfolk during life: forbiddingTh. Wals. ut supra. Rot. Parl. 21 R. • . n. 21, & 23. any person whatsoever, to intercede for either of them, under grievous penalties. This being doneIbid. n. 40. (which is not a little observable) that very day Twelve-month that he caused the Duke of Gloucester to be murthered at Calais.

Whereupon he was first (scil. 26 Februar. 21 R. 2.) committedClaus. 21 R. 2. p. 2. m. 18. prisoner to Windsore Castle, and in October following sentPat. 22 R. 2. p. 1. m. 8. away; having libertyPat. 22 R. 2. p. 1. m. 8. to transport himself with forty Rot. Pranc. 22 R. 2. m. 12. persons of his retinue, from any Haven betwixt Orwell, and Scardeburgh, and to goPat. 22 R. 2. ut supra. into Germany, Bohemia, and Hungary, according to an OrdinancePat. 22 R. 2. ut supra. made in the Parliament at Coventry; as also toRot. Franc. ut supra. take with him a thousand pounds for his support; with as much Gold, and Silver-Plate, Jewels, Harness, and other Furniture, as he should think fit.

After which Banishment he never returned more into England, but diedTh. Wals. p. 421. n. 10. at Uenice, of the Pestilence, in his returnRegist. de New • urg from Ierusalem, uponEsc. 1 H. • . n. 71. the Munday next before the Feast of S. Michael the Archangel 1 Hen. 4. seisedEsc. 1 H. • . n. 71. of these vast possessions; viz. the Castle of Sweinesey, and dominions of Gowher, and Kilvey, in the Marshes of Wales; the Mannor of Wenge, in Com. Buck. the Mannors of Aspele, Alsphathe, Fleckenho, Thurlaston, Caloudon, Weston juxta Chiriton, and Chiping-Kington in Com. Warr. the Mannors of Kenet Kentford, and Hynton in Com. Cantabr. the Mannors of Fenny-Stanton, and Alkemondbury, in Com. Hunt. the Mannors of Chacombe, Barton-Segrave, and Creeke, in Com. Northamp. the Mannors of Chesterford, Dovercourt, Rumford, Prittlewel, and Morton, in Com. Essex. the Mannor of Wesson, in Com. Heref. the Castle of Strogoile, and Mannor of Tudenham in the County of Gloucester, and Marshes of Wales; the Mannors of Fornesete, Lopham, Dikelburgh, Southfeld, Ditchingham, the Mannor and half Hundred of Ersham; the Mannors of Hanworth, Halveryate, Fremingham, South-Walsham, Harliston, Keninghale, with the third part of the Mannor of Lodene, in Comitat. Norff. the Mannors of Segrave, Sileby, and Mont-sorrell, in Com. Leicest. the Castle of Framelingham, with its Members; vix. the Mannors of Walton, Soham-Comitis, and Kenet; the Mannor and Borrough of Bungey; the Mannors of Stoneham, • oningworth, Kelishale, Staverton, Halisle, Hoo, and Pesenhale, with the Hundred of Loose, in Com. Suff. the Castle and Mannor of Brethy; the Mannors of Rostlaston, and Cotton, in Com. Derb. the Mannors of Snodesdon, and Kingswode, in the County of Salop. and Marshes of Wales; the Castle of Bedford, with the Mannors of Haunes, Wiliton, Stotfeld, and Wilinton, in Com. Bedf. the Mannors of Penne, and Wenge, in Com. Buck. the Mannor of North-pidele, in Com. Wigorn. the Castle of Bre •• bre with the Mannor of Knappe, Shoram, Horsham, Beaubushe, Fyndon, Wassyngton, Bedinge, West-Grinstede, Kingsbernes, Bosham, and Stokton, in Com Sussex. and the Mannors of Thresk, Hovingham, Dinington, Thwait, Kirkeby-Malesart, and the Chase of Niderlale, in Com. Ebor.

Leaving issue by Elizabeth Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 194. a. n. 60. his second Wife, SisterMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 194. a. n. 60. and Coheir to Thomas Fitz-Alan Earl of Arundell, Thomas, Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 194. a. n. 60. his Son and Heir; as also Iohn a younger Son; with two Daughters, Isabel, and Margaret; the one married to Sir Iames Berkley, the other to Sir Robert Howard Knights.

Which Elizabeth surviving him, had assigned Claus. 3 H. 4. p. 1. m. 18. to her, for her Dowry, the Castle and Mannor of Framlingham, with its appurtenances; the Mannors of Walton, Seham, and Kenet; the Mannor and Burough of Bungeye; the Mannors of Stonham, Doningworth, • elshall, Staverton, Holislee; Hoo, with the Hundred of Loose, and Mannor of Pesenhale in Com. Suff. the Mannors of Witherdele, in Com. Leic. Stodesdon, and Kingsewode in Com. Salop. Kenet, and Kentford, in Com. Cantabr. Chesterford, Dovercourt, and Rumford, in Com. Essex. And because the Castle and Mannor of Framelingham before-specified, standing near to the Sea, was subject to much danger by incursions of Enemies; King Henry the fourth in exchange thereof, assigned unto her, the Castle and Mannor of Bretby, with the Mannors of Rostlaston and Colon, twelve mess • ages, fourteen Ox-gangs of Land and forty shillings Rent in Repin • on, Lynton, Meleton, Wylington, Asburne, and Howes in Com. Derb. as also the Mannor of Penne in Com. Buck. and Hundr • d of Gosco • e, in Com. 〈◊〉

She marriedEsc. 3 H. 6. n. 25. to Gerard de Vsflete; and died 8 Iuly, 3 H. 6.

¶I now come to Thomas Thomas. above-specified, SonEsc. 1 H • . n. 71. and Heir to the same Iohn and Elizabeth.

This Thomas was but fourteenEsc. 1 H • . n. 71. years of age at the Death of his Father, and neverEsc. 6 H. • . n. 44. & E • 8 H. 4. • . • . had the title of Duke, nor any other than Earl-Marshall: Neither is there any more to be said of him, but that he marriedClaus. H. • . p. 2. m. 〈◊〉 . Constance Daughter of Iohn Holland Earl of Huntingdon, and Duke of Exeter; and that, takingTh. 〈◊〉 . p. 414. • . 30. & • 425. 〈◊〉 20, & • . part with Richard Scrope Archbishop of York, in that conspiracy against the King. 6 Hen. 4. was beheaded Th. 〈◊〉 . p. 414. • . 30. & • 425. 〈◊〉 20, & • . at York; his Head setTh. 〈◊〉 . p. 414. • . 30. & • 425. 〈◊〉 20, & • . upon the Walls of that City, and his Body buriedTh. 〈◊〉 . p. 414. • . 30. & • 425. 〈◊〉 20, & • . in the Cathedral there.

To whom succeededEsc. 8 E. 4. n. • . Iohn his Brother, aged Esc. 8 E. 4. n. • . seventeen years, 8 H. 4. who in the fourteenth year of that Kings reign, provingClaus. 〈◊〉 H. 4. m. • . his age, had LiveryClaus. 〈◊〉 H. 4. m. • . of all his Lands.

This Iohn beingTh. 〈◊〉 437. n. • . with King Henry the fifth at the siege of Harfleu (3 Hen. 5.) became distempered Th. 〈◊〉 437. n. • ., (by eating of Fruit) with the Flux (as divers other great persons then were) and was therefore necessitated toTh. 〈◊〉 437. n. • . return into England, before that famous Battle of Agincourt (which soon after ensued) where King Henry obtained so glorious a victory.

And in the next ensuing year, was, by Indenture retainedEx autog • . penès Claus. pell. to serve the King, in his Warrs of France, with an hundred Men at Arms, and three hundred Archers; whereof himself to be one, five Knights, and the rest Esquires; wherof the third part to be Foot-men, and the rest to serve on Horseback.

In 5 Hen. 5. he was 〈…〉 in Normandy, in K. Henry's service; and commanded 〈…〉 part of his Army at the Seige of Cane; continuing 〈…〉 in those parts till the death of that victorious King.

And in 1 Hen. 6. was again reteined to serve the King in those Warrs, with one Baneret, four Knights, an hundred and fourteen Men at Arms, and three hundred and sixty Archers.

Moreover, in 3 Hen▪ 6. in the Parliament then held at Westminster, he was restored 〈…〉 to the title and dignity of Duke of Norfolk (using 〈…〉 no other than E. Marshal and Notingham before.)

And in 4 Hen. 6. being 〈…〉 of full age, and doing his Homage 〈…〉 had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands.

In 8 Hen. 6. he was again reteined 〈…〉 by Indenture to serve the King in his Warrs.

And by his last Will 〈…〉 and Testament bearing date 20 Maii 7 Hen. 6. bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Charter-house, within the Isle of Axholme; ordainingIbid. that the Bones of his Father, which lay buryed at Ulenice, should be translated thither.

To Katherine 〈…〉 his Wife (Daughter 〈…〉 to Ralph Nevil Earl of Westmerland; afterwards married to 〈…〉 Thomas Strangwayes Esq and after that to Iohn 〈…〉 Viscount Beaumont, and lastly 〈…〉 to Sir Iohn Widvile Knight, Brother to Anthony Earl Rivers) he bequeathed 〈…〉 all his Plate of Gold and Silver, or Silver and gilt; and appointed 〈…〉 , that she should hold during her life, the Castle and Honor of Brembre in Sussex, with the appurtenances; as also the Castle of G •• her in Wales; and departedEsc. 11 • 6. n. 〈◊〉 . this life 19 Oct. 11 H. 6. leaving issueEsc. 11 • 6. n. 〈◊〉 . Iohn his Son and Heir then seventeen years of age.

But over and above what she had by this his bequest, there was • ssignedClaus. 〈◊〉 Hen. 6. m. 〈◊〉 . to her for her Dowry, the Lordships of Forueseat, Lopham, Southfield, Eresham, Haneworth, Framingham Parva, with the Hundreds of Laundiche, and So • th-Greenhow, with two parts of the Mannor of Loche in Norfolk; likewise the third part of two parts of Forty shillings of the custom of the Market at Guildford in Surrey; the Castle, Mannor, and Borough of Strogo • l (in the Marches of Wales) the Mannor of Tudeham in Com. Gloc. The Mannors of Silby, Mountsorel; the Park of Overton, and Hundred of Goscote in Com. Leic. The Mannors of Great Chesterford, D • vercourt, Rumford; the Borough of Harwich; the third part of two parts of the Mannors of High Rothing, and Onesham Hall; and the thrid part of the Mannor of Langetous in Canefield Parva, in Essex; the Castle of Bedford, with the Mannors or Hames, Willington, and Stotfold in Com. Bedf. And the Mannor of Pen, with six Messuages, one Carucate, and one Virgate of Land in Morton and Smeth • ere; as also, the Mannor of Wenge, and the third part of two parts of the Mannor of Medmenham in Com. Buck.

Which Iohn Iohn. (Son to the last mentioned Iohn) came of full agePat. 14 H. 6. • . 2. m. 9. in 14 Hen. 6. and in the seventeenth of that Kings Reign, was sent Ambassador Pat. 17 H. 6 • . • . m. 27. into Piccardy, to treat of Peace betwixt the Kings of England and France.

After which, viz. in 23 Hen. 6. uponPat. 23 H. 6. p. 1. m. 5. confirmation of the title of Duke of Norfolk to him (which was first conferred on Thomas his Grandfather) he had a grantPat. 23 H. 6. P. 1. m. s. of place and seat in Parliament and elswhere, next to the Duke of Exeter.

In 25 Hen. 6. this Iohn wentRot. Frane. • 5 H 6. m 20. on Pilgrimage to Rome. And in 35 Hen. 6. making his vow Rot. Fran. 35 H. 6. m. 9. to go likewise on Pilgrimage to divers holy places in Ireland, Scotland, Britanny, Piccardy, and Cologne; and to the Blood of our Saviour, at Windesnake; as also to Rome and Ierusalem, for recovery of the Kings health, he had LicenseRot. Fran. 35 H. 6. m. 9. to that purpose.

In 1 Edw. 4. he was constituted 〈…〉 Justice Itinerant of all the Forests on the South of Trent; but departed 〈…〉 this life the same year, and was buried 〈…〉 in the Abbey of Thetford in Norfolk; leaving issue by Eleanor 〈…〉 his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 to William, Lord Bourchier, Iohn his Son and Heir.

Which Iohn in 29 Hen. 6. (24 Martii, his Father then living) was created 〈…〉 Earl Wa • ren and Surrey; an in 11 Edw. 4. was 〈…〉 one of those Lords, who subscribed their names to that recognition, then made in Parliament, to Prince Edward the Kings eldest Son.

Moreover in 14 Edw. 4. he was retained 〈…〉 to serve the King in his Wars of France for one whole year, with forty Spears, himself accounted; two Knights, and three hundred Archers. But of him I find no more, than that he departed 〈…〉 this life at his Castle of Framingham in Norfolk, upon Tuesday next after the Feast of the Epiphany, 15 Edw. 4. and was buried 〈…〉 in the Abbey of Thetford; leaving issue by Elizabeth 〈…〉 his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 of Iohn Talbot, the first Earl of Shrewsbury of that name.

Anne his sole Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir, four years old in 17 Edw. 4. Afterwards Wedded 〈…〉 to Richard, Duke of York, second Son to King Edward the Fourth, but died without issue; by means whereof, the Inheritance of this great House, resorted to the Families of Berkley and Howard, in respect that Isabel and Margaret, the two Daughters to Thomas Moubray, first Duke of Norfolk beforementioned, were so married, as I have already expressed. Which Anne lieth buriedCamd. Epi • . taph. in the Chappel of S. Erasmus, in the Abbey Church of Westminster.

Albini of Cainho.

THe first of this Line, of whom I have found mention, is Henry de Albini, Henry. (a younger Son of Nigel de Albini, without doubt.) Which Henry, with the Lady Cicily his Wife, in the time of King Henry the First, gave Monast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 348 a. two Hides of Land, lying in their Mannor of Co • es Infra Domi •• um de 〈◊〉 ., unto that little Cell of Nuns, called Sopwel, situate near S. Albans in Hartfordshire.

To whom succeeded Robert de Albini, Robert. his Son and Heir; which Robert addedIbid. n. 30. the gift of a Yard Land, lying also in Cotes, unto that Cell, at such time as he placed Cicily his Sister to be a Votress there; and confirmedIbid. n. 50. what Henry his Father had formerly given thereto, with Amicia his Sister.

This Robert was FounderIbid. 325 b. of the Priory of Beaulieu in Hartfordshire (a Cell also to that great Abbey of S. Albans) and gaveIbid. n. 50. to the Monks of that House, Pasturage for ten Oxen to graze with his own Oxen in Clophell alias Cainho; So also Pasturage for One hundred Sheep, and likewiseIbid. n. 50. Fifteen Acres of Land, for Service to be performed in the Chappel at Cainho, three days in the week; for which munificence, both he himself, Nigel his Brother, and Cicily their Mother, were received Ibid. 326 • . n. 10. into their Fraternity, as Monks of that Priory.

Moreover, in 22 Hen. 2. he paidRot. Pip. 22 Hen 2. • uck. & Bed • an amercement of One hundred marks for trespassing in the Kings Forest. And in 2 Rich. 1. he accounted Rot. Pip. 2 Ric. 1. Buck. & Bedf. Twelve pound ten shillings for the Scutage of Wales; but died in 4 Rich. 1. as it seems, or somewhat before; For in that year Robert Robert. his Son and Heir paidRot. Pip 4 Ric. 1. Buck. & Bedf. to the King Ninety six pound thirteen shillings four pence for his releif.

In 6 Rich. 1. this Robert Robert. the Second was Rot. Pip. 6 Ric. 1. Buck. & Bedf. with the King in his expedition into Normandy. And in 13 Ioh. wasRo • Pip. 13 Joh. Buck. & Bedf acquitted of payment for Twenty five Knights Fees, upon levying the Scutage of Scotland.

In 16. Ioh. he answeredR • t Pip. 16 Joh Buck. & Bedf. Fifty pounds for Twenty five Knights Fees, upon collecting the Scutage of Po • ctou. But in 9 Hen. 3. he died, Robert his Son being then in minority; and thereupon inClaus. 9 Hen. 3. m 18. Rot. Pip. 15 Hen. 3. Buck & Bedf. Ward to William de Beauchamp, Baron of Bedford.

Which Robert (the Son) lived but a short timeRot. Fin. 23 H. 3. m. 2., as it seems: For in 18 Hen. 3. William de Hocton, who had then marriedRot. Pip. 18 Hen. 3. Buck. & Bedf. Rot Fin. 19 Hen 3 • m. 10. Isabel, one of the Daughters of the second Robe •• (Sister of this last Robert) accountedRot. Pip. 18 Hen 3. Buck. & Bedf. Rot Fin. 19 Hen 3 • m. 10. for Eight Knights Fees, and a third part; and a third of a fourth part, which were of her Inheritance; the other two Daughers being thusRot Fin. 18 Hen 3. m 6 Rot. Pip. 20 Hen 3. sub 〈…〉 . married; viz. I • an to Ceffrey de Beauchamp, and Asselina to Ralph de S. Amand; which Ralph de S. Amand in 21 H. 3. paidRot. Pip. 21 Hen. 3. Buck. & Bedf. Fifty marks for the Releif of the third part of that Barony of Cainho, which he had in marriage with Asseline his Wife, one of the Daughters and Heirs of the same Robert; the Wardship and Marriage of which Asseline was grantedPat. 18 H. 3. n. 11. unto Almaric de S. Amand, Father of the said Ralph, to the endPat. 18 H. 3. n. 11., that his Son should take her to Wife.

Of Ioan I farther find, That in 26 Hen. 3. she had a CharterClaus. 26 Hen. 3. • . 2. for a Market to be held at Am • thil in Bedfordshire, every week upon the Thursday; and a Fair yearly upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow of S. Mary Magdalen. But this Ioan, dying without issue (as it seems) her third part of that Barony came to be divided betwixt the two other Sisters, as is evidentTesta de Nevil Bedf. Rot. Pip. 25 Hen. 3. Buck. & Bedf. Rot. Fin. 25 Hen. 3. m. 11. by the Releif for the same, paid by them in 25 Hen. 3. Ralph de S. Amand, then accounting Twenty five pounds; and Isabel the Widow of William de Houton or Hocton Twenty five marks; which Isabel in 28 Hen▪ 3. gaveRot. Pip. 28 Hen. 3. Buck. & Bedf. the King a Fine of Threescore marks for liberty to marry again, whom she thought fit; and accordingly had Claus. 35 H. 3. m. 18. Drogo de Pratellis afterwards for her second Husband.

Bigod.

THe first of this great Family that setled here in England, was Roger Bigod, Roger 1. who in the Conquerors time didDomesd. in iisdem Comi •• tibus. posses six Lordships in Essex, and an Hundred and seventeen in Suffolk.

This Roger in the first of William Rufus, adhering to those great Men, who put themselves in arms against the King (of whom I have in my Discourse of Odo, Earl of Kent, already spoke) fortified • . Dunelm. 214. n 60. the Castle of Norwich, on the behalf of Robert Curthose, andRad. de Di • eto, 490 a. 39. wasted the Countrey thereabouts.

During that Kings Reign, I have not observed any thing farther memorable of him; but in the first of Henry the First, beingW. Malms. • 8 a. n. 40. one of those who stood firm to that King, he was a witnessTesta de Nevil. Norf. & Suff. to his Laws; and had Framingham in Suffolk of his giftM. Paris, in An. 1100. p. 56. n. 30.. Moreover, by the adviceMonast. Anglic. 664 a. n. 40. of the same King, Maud his Queen, Herbert, then Bishop of Norwich, and the Lady Adeliza his own Wife, he FoundedMonast. Anglic. 664 a. n. 40. the Abbey of Thetford in Norfolk, in An. 1103. (3 Hen. 1.) He gaveIbid. 29 b. n. 50. also to the Monks at Rochester, his Church of S. Felix, at Waletune; and departing R. Hoved. 270 a. n. 40. this life in An. 1107. (7 Hen. 1.) was buriedOrd. Vit. 833 D. in his Abbey of Thetford, with this EpitaphOrd. Vit. 833 D. on his Tomb. Clauderis exiguo Rogere Bigote Supulchro, Et rerum cedit portio parva tibi: Divitiae, sanguis, facundia, gratia Regum Intereunt, mortem fallere nemo potest. Divitiae mentes subvertunt; erigat ergo Te pi ••• , virtus, consiliumque Dei.

To whom succeeded William William. his Son and Heir; which William, being StewardMonast. Anglic. 164 b. • . 10. of the Houshold to King Henry the First, in the Twentieth of that Kings Reign, perishedOrd. V •• . 870 B. in that lamentable shipwrack, with the Kings Children, and divers other of the Nobility, passing out of Normandy into England.

To this William succeeded Hugh Bigod, Hugh 1▪ his BrotherRot. Pip. 5 Steph. No •• . Suff. and Heir, who was also StewardMonast. Anglic. 6502. n. 33. of the Houshold to King Henry the First. But after the death of that King, which hapnedYpod. Neustr. • 8. n. 2 • & 30. Rad. de Dice • o, 505. 〈◊〉 . to be in Normandy, he became the principal instrument for advancing Stephen, Earl of Boloigne, to the Crown of England▪ for beingYpod. Neustr. • 8. n. • 0 & 30. Rad. de Dice • o, 505. 〈◊〉 . Steward of the Houshold to King Henry (an Office which gave him great repute) he hastedYpod. Neustr. • 8. n. 2 • & 30. Rad. de Dice • o, 505. 〈◊〉 . into England; and, in the presence of the Archbishop of Canterbury, averred▪ upon his Oath, that King Henry on his death Bed, upon some dislike towards his Daughter Maud the Empress, did disherite her, and appoint Stephen; Earl of Boloigne, to be his Heir; whereupon the Archbishop (beingYpod. Neustr. • 8. n. 2 • & 30. Rad. de Dice • o, 505. 〈◊〉 . over-credulous) solemnly anointed Ypod. Neustr. • 8. n. 2 • & 30. Rad. de Dice • o, 505. 〈◊〉 . him King. For which great service, as some say, it was, that King Stephen, soon after, advanced him to the Earldom of the East-Angles, commonly called Norfolk; for by that titleMat. Paris, in 〈◊〉 n. 20. R. Hoved. • 79 a. n. 40, viz. Comes East-Anglorum, he is stiled in An. 1140. (6 Steph.)

But before the end of that first year of His Reign, it so hapnedR. 〈◊〉 276 • ., that King Stephen fell into a Lethargy; which occasioning a reportR. 〈◊〉 276 • . that he was dead, this Hugh went thereupon to his Castle at Norwich, and refusedR. 〈◊〉 276 • . to render it to any but the King himself.

In 10. Steph. this Earl Hugh was one of the WitnessesS. 〈◊〉 315. n. 11. to King Stephens Laws.

In 18 Steph. he heldH. 〈◊〉 227 b. • . 50. the Castle of Ipswich against Henry, Duke of Normandy; but being not timely relieved, renderedH. H ••• . 227 b. • . 50. it unto him. And afterwards upon that great defectionGe •• a ••• gis S ••• . 964 C. • 966 C. of Geffrey Magnavil, in the same Kings time, wasGesta ••• gis S ••• 964 C. • 966 C. of his party.

In 2 Hen. 2. this Hugh (for what respect I find not) gaveChr. 〈◊〉 993 A. M. Paris, in An •• 1157. up his Castles to the King.

And in 12 Hen. 2. upon Assesment of the Aid, for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. R •• . • Scacc. 〈…〉 Norf. his Knights Fees De Veteri Feoffamento, to be in number One hundred twenty five, and those De Novo Feoffamento Thirty five.

How soon after it was, I cannot say, in regard the date of his Creation is deficient; but evident it is, that K. Henry the Second advanced him a new to the dignity, and title of Earl of Norfolk, as by his CharterCart. 〈◊〉 S. n. • 3., bearing date at Northampton, appeareth. By which Charter also, he had a grant of the Office of Steward, to hold and enjoy in as ample manner, as Roger Bigod, his Father, held the same, in the time of King Henry the First; and likewise a Ratification of the Lordships of Eresham, Walesham, Alvergate, and Aclay. Notwithstanding which favors, in 19 Hen. 2. he took 〈…〉 part with Robert, Earl of Leicester, in that disloyal Insurrection then began by him, adhering 〈…〉 to young Henry (whom King Henry had Crowned) in his Rebellious practises against his Father; and received from him a GrantJoreval. 1084 n. 62. & 1085. n. 32 of the whole Honor of Eye in Suffolk; as also, the custody of the Castle at Norwich. And the better to support himself therein, received 〈…〉 the French and Flemings into all his Castles.

But in these his extravagant enterprises, he thrived not long; for the King prevailing, demolished 〈…〉 his Castle at Walton; and advanced Ibid. in An. 1174. 578. 3. towards his other places of strength, at Fran • ngham and Bungey; wherein, having Ibid. n. 20. no more than Five hundred Soldiers (many of which discerning their danger, fledIbid. n. 20. away) despairing Ibid. n. 20. also of any farther supply; he made Ibid. n. 20. his peace with the King for a Fine of a thousand marks; and rendringR. Hoved. 308 b. n. 30. those Castles, with much difficulty obtainedR. Hoved. 308 b. n. 30. leave from the King, that the Flemings might return into their own Countrey.

Not long after this, he wentLel. Coll. Vol. 2. 373. into the Holy Land with the Earl of Flanders, and died Ex Vet. Cod. MS. in Bibl. Cotton. Do ••• an A. 8. in An. 1177. 23 Hen. 2. Whereupon the King seisedR. Hoved. 320 b. n. 20. upon all his Treasure, and retainedR. Hoved. 320 b. n. 20. it in his hands.

¶To this Hugh succeededEx praedicto Vet. MS. f. 93 a. Roger, Roger 2. his Son and Heir, whom King Richard the First, by his CharterCart. Antiq. S. n. 14▪ dated at Westminster, 27 Nov. in the first year of His Reign, did (again) constitute Earl of Norfolk, as fully as Hugh his Father, enjoyed that Honor, in the time of King Henry the Second. And moreover, rendred to him his Office of Steward; to hold as freely as Roger his Grandfather, or Hugh his Father held the same.

He likewise ratifiedCart. Antiq. S. n. 14▪ unto him those Lordships of Eresham, Walesham, Alvergate, and Aclay. And restoredCart. Antiq. S. n. 14▪ and confirmedCart. Antiq. S. n. 14▪ unto him all the Lands of Aubrey de Insul • , beyond Humber, and on this side Humber, id est, Setrington, and Holebrock, with their Appurtenances; and specially those Lands, which did not any service to Belvoir Castle, in the time of King Henry the First.

Moreover, within the compass of the same year, he madeChron. Joh. Castor. ex Col. R. Gl. nuper Somers. Her •• di. him one of his Ambassadors to Philip, King of France, for obtaining Aid towards the recovery of the Holy Land.

But for this favor from the King, of enjoying the Earldom of Norfolk, and that Hugh his Brother, should not have Livery of any Lands which were his Fathers, except by judgment of the Kings Court, and his Peers; he gaveRot. Pip. 2 Ric. 1. Norf. & Suff. no less than a thousand marks to the King.

Shortly after this, viz. in 3 Rich. 1. he was R. Hoved. 339 a. n. 20. one of the Sureties for William de Longcamp, Bishop of Ely, then Chancellor to the King, for performance of those Articles of Peace, which were then concluded on betwixt Iohn, Earl of Noreton, and that Bishop, (King Richard then being in the Holy Land.) And when tidings were brought into England, that King Richard was made captive in Almaine, he received commandIbid. 413. n. 50. & 414 • from the same Bishop, who was then newly returned from those parts, to go back with him thither.

Moreover, after the return of King Richard from his captivity (6 Rich. 1.) he attended Ibid. 419 a. n. 30. him, (with the rest of the Nobles) in that great Council then held at Nottingham. And at his second Coronation, wasIbid. 420 a. n. 50 one of those Four Earls that carried the Silken Canopy over his head.

In 2 Ioh. he was sentJoreval. ••• 3. 2. (together with Philip, Bishop of Durham) with Letters of safe conduct, unto William, King of Scotland, to require his speedy repair unto Lincoln (where the King then held his Parliament) to do his homage to King Iohn. And in 15 Ioh. attendedClaus. 15 Joh. in dorso m. 1. him into Poictou.

But afterwards, scil. in 17 Ioh. taking part with the Rebellious Barons, wasClaus. 17. Joh in dorso • . 21. one of those that met together in an hostile manner; first at Stamford, and next at Brackley; and discerning their own power, exacted from him those strict Covenants, whereby the Government was put into the hands of Twenty five of their party, himself being oneLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 841., for which unparallel'd insolence, he was, with the rest of his complices, excommunicatedMat. Paris, 277 n 20. by Pope Innocent the Third.

In 5 H. 3. there being a determinationClaus. 5 Hen. 3. m. 12. made in the great Council then held at Oxford, of that dispute which had in former times been raised betwixt the Earl of Leicester, and this Earl Roger, concerning the Stewardship of the Kings Houshold, commandClaus. 5 Hen. 3. m. 12. was given to Ranulph, Earl of Chester, (who had then the custody of the Earldom of Leicester) that he should render unto this Earl Roger, what was then remaining of the Ten Knights Fees belonging thereto.

In which fifth year of King Henry the Third he died, as it seems; for Hugh Hugh • . his Son, had then LiveryRot. Fin. 5 Hen 3. m 3. of his Lands, performingRot. Fin. 5 Hen 3. m 3. his homage.

Another Son he had called William Cart. Antiq. H. n. • ., unto whom Robert de Sutton gaveCart. Antiq. H. n. • . in Frank-Marriage, with Margaret his Daughter, all his Lands in Sutton and Bures, with the Advowson of the Church; as also the Serjeanty of the Hundred of Berstaple, and Suit of all his Lands at Langedon, with the Advowson of that Church; which Grant was confirmedCart. An. liq. H. n. • . by King Iohn in the Eleventh of His Reign. He had also a Daughter called Margery Ex Coll. R. Glov. S., WifeEx Coll. R. Glov. S. of William de Hastings (Son of William) and hadEx Coll. R. Glov. S. by the gift of her Father, the Mannor of Little Bradley in Frank-Marriage. But I return to Hugh.

In 7 Hen. 3. this Earl Hugh, beingClaus. 7 Hen. 3. m. 5 in dorso. with the Kings Army in Wales, hadClaus. 7 Hen. 3. m. 5 in dorso. Scutage levied upon all his Tenants that held of him by Military service, in the Counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, York, Essex, and Leicester: But of him I can say no more, than that he took to Wife Monast. Anglic. 725 a. n. 60. Maud, the eldest Daughter of William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, by whom he had issue Roger, who succeeded him in his Honors; as also Hugh, a younger Son, who in 41 Hen. 3. wasMa • . Paris, p 971. 48. by the then prevalent power of the Barons, made Justice of England. And, that departing Ibid. 324. n. 50. this life in An. 1225. 9 Hen. 3. Alexander, King of Scotland, for the sum of Five hundred marks, obtainedRot. Pip. 10 Hen. 3. Norf. & Suff. the Wardship of Roger his Son and Heir. Which Roger had formerly married Pat. 9 H 3. m 3. Isabel, Sister to the same King Alexander (scil. in 9 Hen. 3.)

In 17 Hen. 3. the King celebratingMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. k. 84 f. 50 • the Feast of Pentecost at Slocester, girtMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. k. 84 f. 50 • this Roger Roger 3. with the Sword of Knighthood: But soon after he was one of those that adhered to Richard Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, in his Rebellious Actings.

In 18 Hen. 3. he had LiveryPat. 18 H. 3. m. 16. of Framelingham Castle, by the Kings special Precept.

In 21 Hen. 3. there being greatM. Paris, 443. n 20. animosities betwixt the Nobles of England, a Tourneament was heldM. Paris, 443. n 20. at Blithe in Nottinghamshire, where those of the South sided against them of the North: In which Tourneament, they falling to hostilityM. Paris, 443. n 20., the Southern Lords had M. Paris, 443. n 20. the better of the day: But in that Action, none behaved himself more bravely thanIbid. 55 •• n. 30. this Earl Roger. For which he was so much taken notice of, in respect of his singular skill, in those warlike exercises, that it was not long after ere Peter de Savoy (an Alien) then Earl of Richmond, to make tryal of his valor, desired to Tilt with him in a Tourneament held at Northampton, in the Fifteenth of Easter, 25 H. 3.

The next year following (scil. 26 Hen. 3.) being Ibid. 1590. 43. in France with King Henry, he wasIbid. 1590. 43. in that famous skirmish betwixt the French and English, near Zautoigne, where the English atchieved no little honor: But being then longer detained from his own Countrey, then he well liked of, in 27 Hen. 3. (with some other of the English Nobility) he representedIbid. 595. 39. to the King, his desire to return, and had libertyIbid. 595. 39. accordingly.

In 29 Hen. 3. the King having a purposeIbid. 639. n. 20 & 30. to make War with the Scots; and to that end requiring an Aid, this Earl (amongst others) was Ibid. 639. n. 20 & 30. made choice of for one to consider thereof.

In the same year, upon levying the Aid for marrying the Kings eldest Daughter, he paid Rot. Pip. 29 Hen. 3. Ebor. One hundred sixty two pounds eleven shillings for One hundred twenty five Knights Fees, and a fourth part which he held De veteri Feoffamento; and for Thirty seven Fees and an half De Novo. And was one of those then sentMat. Paris, 659. n. 10. from the Kingdom of England, unto the Council at Lions, to make complaint of that great burthen, under which this Realm then groaned from the See of Rome: But finding no redress, returnedIbid. 681. n. 30. with discontent, declaring, That this Realm would no longer be subject to those Exactions. And accordingly, the next year following (scil. 30 H. 3.) joyned with other of the Lords in subscribing a Letter to the Pope, in the name of all the People of England, representing their intolerable sufferings thereby, requiring remedy therein. Moreover, the same year, afterIbid. 700. n. 50. frequent Solicitation, he obtainedIbid. • 05. n. 30. the Office and Honor of Marshal, in Right of Maud his Mother, eldest Daughter to William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke. Soon after which, viz. in 32 H. 3. the King solemnly gaveClaus. • 0 Hen. 3. m. 5. MS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bo • l. Med. 20. 112 b. the Marshals Rod into her hands, in regard of her seniority in the inheritance of Walter Mareschal, sometime Earl of Pembroke; which she thereupon delivered unto this Earl Roger, her Son and Heir, whose homage the King received for the same; and sent his PreceptClaus. 54 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 8. to the Treasurer, and Barons of his Exchequer, commanding them, That he should thenceforth enjoy whatsoever appertained to that Office; and to admitClaus. 54 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 8. whomsoever he should assign and depute to sit for him in that Court, in case he should be a fit person for the same.

Which Maud was after marriedMonast. Anglic. 725 a. n. 50. to Iohn de Warren, Earl of Surrey; and departingLel. Coll. Vol. 2. 3 • 5. this life in An. 1248 (32 Hen. 3.) was buriedEx Registro Abb. de porttu S. Mariae in Hibernia, inter Coll. Prenob. Georgii nuper Comitis de Toteneis. in the Abbey of Cinterne in Wales; her four Sons, viz. Ex Registro Abb. de portu S. Mariae in Hibernia, inter Coll. Prenob. Georgii nuper Comitis de Toteneis. Roger, Hugh, Ralph, and Iohn, carrying Ex Registro Abb. de portu S. Mariae in Hibernia, inter Coll. Prenob. Georgii nuper Comitis de Toteneis. her Body into the Quire.

In the same year this Earl wasMat. Paris, 713. n. • 0. & 744. n. 30. in that great Convention of Parliament held at London, wherein many grievances, under which the people then suffered, being represented, the King promised redress. And about that time, having advertisementIbid. 769. n. 40 & 50. that the Earl of Gisnes was arrived in England, caused him to beIbid. 769. n. 40 & 50. taken; by reason whereof, a great complaint was made. Whereupon, being sent for to give answer thereto, he toldIbid. 769. n. 40 & 50. the King, That when he himself went as his Ambassdor to the Council at Lions, riding through the Territories of that Earl, instead of kind usage, for the many favors he had received from the King, he was shamefully dealt with, having his Horses and Servants detained, until he had satisfied their unreasonable demands for his passage: Which incivility, he had now only retaliated to him, passing through his Lands, sayingIbid. to the King, Sir, I do hold my Land as freely of you, as he holds his of the King of France, and am an Earl as well as he: How happens it then, that he hath power to make merchandise of the Ways and Air unto Passengers? The Earl of Gisnes therefore hearing this, became silentIbid. and blusht, having nothing in reason to reply to it.

Moreover, in 37 Hen. 3. he was presentIbid. 866. n. 30. & 167. n. 10. in that Parliament held at London, wherein the King having had an Aid granted to him towards his Expedition into the Holy Land, confirmed the two famous Charters, scil. Magna Charta, and Charta de Forestâ: To the strict observation whereof, having given his Oath, a solemn curse was pronounced by every man then present, That the Infringers of it might so stink, as did the Candles which they threw to the Ground, and extinguishing, yielded a noysome savor.

About that time it was, that this Earl having putIbid. 868. n. 40. away his Wife, upon suggestion by evil Counsel, That she was too near allied to him by Blood, receivedIbid. 868. n. 40. her again by an Ecclesiastical sentence.

In 38 Hen. • 3. he wasIbid. 〈◊〉 . n. 4. with the King in Gascoigne, but returnedIbid. 〈◊〉 . n. 4. the same year.

In 39 Hen. 3. makingMa • . Paris, p 16. n. 5 • . a just apology for Robert de Ros (a great Baron of that age) then charged with some crime, which endangered his life, he hadMa • . Paris, p 16. n. 5 • . very harsh language given him by the King, being openly calledMa • . Paris, p 16. n. 5 • . Traytor: Whereat, with a stern countenance he told himMa • . Paris, p 16. n. 5 • ., That he lied; and, that h • never was, nor would be a Traytor; adding, If you do nothing but what the Law warranteth, you can do me no harm. Yes, quoth the King, I can thrash your Corn, and sell it, and so humble you. To which he replied, If you do so, I will send you the Heads of your Thrashers. But by the interposing of the Lords then present, this heat soon passed over; so that (shortly after) he was, together with the Earl of Leicester, and some others, sentIbid. 955. n. 10. on an Ambassie to the King of France, to treat with him for the restoring some Rights, which he withheld from the King.

And in 42 Hen. 3. wasIbid. 979. n. 10. one of the Ambassadors sent to Cambray (by the advice of the Parliament then met at London) to treat with others, from the Kings of France and Almaine.

In 48 Hen. 3. having been onePat. 48 H. 3. m. 18. of those great Men, who undertook that the King should submit to the determination of Lewes, King of France, concerning those Ordinances called Provisiones Oxonii. The same year, after the Battle of Lewes. where the King was taken prisoner by the Barons, he was by them constitutedIbid. m. • . Governor of the Castle of O • ford in Suffolk. But long he lived not after; for in 54 Hen. 3. he departed 〈…〉 this life without issue, and was buried 〈…〉 at Thetford.

To whom succeeded Roger his Nephew (Son 〈…〉 to his Brother Hugh) which Roger, upon doing his homage, had Livery 〈…〉 of that great Inheritance, he being 〈…〉 then Twenty five years of age. But before I proceed to speak farther of him, shall take notice of what I find memorable of Hugh his Father.

In 39. H. 3 he gaveRot. Fin. 39 H. 3. m. 7. to the King five hundred marks to be Chief Ranger of the Forest of Farnedale; and that he mightRot. Fin. 39 H. 3. m. 7. have liberty with his Dogs to hunt the Fox, Cat, &c. throughout all the Kings Forest in Yorkshire. And in 40 Henr. 3. was Constituted 〈…〉 Governor of the Castle of Pickering in that County.

In 41 Hen. 3. he was 〈…〉 with the King, in that expedition then made into Wales. And in 42 Hen. 3. was made 〈…〉 Constable of the Tower of London; At which time the BaronsM. Paris, 791. n. 40. & 50. confederating against the Poictovins (the Kings Half-Brothers, who bore a great Sway) being very powerfullM. Paris, 791. n. 40. & 50., they advanced him to the OfficeM. Paris, 791. n. 40. & 50. of Justice of England—Militem illustrem, & legum terrae peritum, qui Officium Iustitiariae strenuè peragens, nullatenus permittat jus regni vacillare (saith Matth. Paris)—a famous Knight, and Skillfull in the Laws of the Land; who stoutly executing the Office of Justitiar, suffered not the rights of the Kingdom at all to waver.

Soon after which, associatingM. Westm. in anno, 1 • 59. to himself Roger de Turkelbi, and Gilbert de Preston (two eminent Judges of that age) he madeM. Westm. in anno, 1 • 59. his Iters into all parts of the Land.

Within the compass of that year, he was also constituted 〈…〉 governor of Dover Castle.

In 44 Hen. 3, he gave 〈…〉 three thousand pound for the wardship of the Heirs of William de Kime, (a great man in Lincolnshire) And being the same year, made Governor 〈…〉 of Scarborough Castle, he quitted 〈…〉 his Office of Justice of England, Hugh le Despencer succeeding 〈…〉 him therein.

In 47 Hen. 3. he was 〈…〉 one of those, who stood up with Sim. Montfort Earl of Leicester, for the Liberties of the subject (as they then pretended.) And as the King on his part, for quietness sake was content to submit to the determination of Lewes King of France, touching those Ordinances made by the Barons, called Provisiones Oxonii; so was he 〈…〉 one of those who in like sort, became an undertaker for them. After which, viz. in 48 H. 3. (being the next ensuing year) he was 〈…〉 in that fatal Battle of Lewes, of the Kings part: whence though he shamefully fled 〈…〉 , leaving Prince Edward in the midst of the Fight; such was his thanks from the Barons, who then had the day, that they seized 〈…〉 upon his Lands.

This Hugh took to Wife 〈…〉 Ioan the Widow of ... Wake, Heir of Nicholas de Stutevill: which Ioane, after this Battle (her husband being fled 〈…〉 beyond Sea) obtained from those Barons, an assignation 〈…〉 of the Lordships of Cotingham, and Kirkby-Moresheved, in Com. Ebor. for the support of her and her Family, during his stay there. But the King ere long recovering all, in the Battle of Evesham, he returned, and was madePat. 49 H. 3. m. 9. Constable of the Castle of Pickering.

Of his Death I can speak nothing; but plain it is, that he made 〈…〉 a Will divers years before, bearing date at Cestreford, on the Wednesday next after the feast of S. Barnabas the Apostle, anno 1258. (42 Hen. 3.) by which he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Abby of Thetford, and constituted Simon Montfort Earl of Leicester, and Gilbert de Clare Earl of Gloucester, two of his Executors.

Nor have I more to say of Ralph Bigod his younger Brother, than that he weddedRot. Fin. 44 H. 3. m. 5. Berta Daughter of ... Furnivall; and that he had his residenceLel. collect. Vol. 2. p. 301. at Setrington in Com. Ebor.

I now return to Earl Roger (Son of Hugh last mentioned) Nephew and Heir to the last Earl Roger. This Roger having taken to WifeEsc. 56 H 3. n. 31. Aliva, Daughter and Heir to Philip Basset (Justice of England) paidRot. Pip. 1 E. 1. Surr.. ... for the Relief of those Lands which were of her inheritance; and doing his Homage, had LiveryRo • . Fin. 56 H. 3. m 19. of all that lay in the Counties of Esse • , Berks, Oxford, Cambridge, Suffolk, Surrey, Southampton, and Buckingham.

In 10 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Scutag. Wall. de ann. 10 E. 1. m. 3. in the Welch expedition then made.

And having had a grantEx coll. R. Glov. S. from King Edward the first, of the Castle of Bristol, and Nottingham, to hold for life; In 20 Edw. 1. he surrendredEx coll. R. Glov. S. them to him again; And in 22 E. 1. obtained the Kings LicencePat 22 E. 1. m. 20. to embattle his Mansion-house at Bungey in Suffolk; where there had been a Castle formerly demolished, as I have before observed.

In 25 Edward. 1. this stout Earl, together with the Earl of Hereford, wereYpod. Neus • . 84 a & 85. a. n. 10. the cheif of those, who opposed that Tax which the King then demanded from his Subjects, for his Expedition into Flanders; refusing to come to his Parliament, unless he would give them safe conduct. Saying moreover, that they would not be compelled to go with him in that voyage. Insisting also, that he should ratify the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest; and quit that imposition of forty shillings upon every Sack of Wooll, which had been for three years before exacted. Furthermore they inhibitedTh. Wals. 39. n. 10. the paiment of the Eighth-penny-Tax which had been granted to the King in the Parliament at S. Edmundsbury: and incited the Londoners, to stand up for their Liberties. By which doings, and the Archbishop of Canterburies help, they obtainedYpod. Neust. 85. n. 40. Th. Wals. 40. n. 10. a Confirmation of those Charters; as also certain Articles for the farther explaining of them, which were called Articuli super Cartas; with pardonTh. Wals▪ 40. n. 30. for not attending the King into Flanders; and for all other their misdemeanors.

But after this, scil. in 26 E. 1. all discontents being thus composed, he wentRot. Scoc. 26 E. 1. m. 2. again into Scotland, in that Expedition then made thither. And, in 29 Edw. 1. having no issue, he constituted Ypod. Neust. 95. n 30. Annales Eccles. S. Augustini Cantu • r. in anno 1301. King Edward his Heir, delivering unto him the Marshals Rod, upon conditionYpod. Neust. 95. n 30. Annales Eccles. S. Augustini Cantu • r. in anno 1301. to be rendred back, in case he should have any Children; as alsoYpod. Neust. 95. n 30. Annales Eccles. S. Augustini Cantu • r. in anno 1301. to have a Thousand pounds from the King in present, and a Thousand pounds per annum during his life.

OneTh. Wals. Ypo • Neustr. 95. n. 30. of our Historians alledged the reason of this settlement, so made by him of all his Lands, Honor and Office, to have been for some great Offence, which he had taken against Iohn his younger Brother, and Heir apparent: but the same Historian, afterwards, speaking 〈…〉 of that contrivance against Piers de Gaveston, by divers of the most eminent Noble men of that time, of which number Thomas Earl of Lancaster, who married the only Daughter and Heir to Henry Lacy Earl of Lincoln, was; having related a Speech which that Earl of Lincoln, upon his Death-bed made to the Earl of Lancaster; whereby he encourageth him to stand up for the rights of the Church, and the Liberties of the People, and reckons up the names of divers great men; who had been stout Champions for both; goeth on thus—Comes verò Marescallus, qui vivacissimus fuit exactor libertatum; jamdudum, mortuo Comite de Hereford. seniore, cernens se solum non posse proficere in praemissis, cum herede careret legitimo, timore ductus est (ut superius dictum est) Regem Edwardum constituit heredem suum. Which shews, that he setled his Lands for fear.

For what respect it was, I shall not take upon me to argue; but that he so did, is sure enough; as may evidently be seen, by his special InstrumentClaus. 30 E. 1. in dorso. n. 14., bearing date at Colchester, in the Abby of S. Iohn, upon the twelfth of April in the thirtieth year of that Kings Reign; whereby he granted unto the said King and his Heirs, all his Castles, Towns, Mannors, Lands and Tenements wheresoever, whereof he had an estate in see; aswell in England as Wales; excepting the Lordships of Setrington, Wyltone, Thorntone, and Levesham, in Comit. Ebor. and the Mannors of Acle, and Castre, with the Advowson of the Church of Geldestone, in Norfolk. And moreover, rendredIbid. and released unto the same King, all his right to the Honor and Title, which he had in the name of Earl, and Earldom of Norfolk; as also to the Marshalship of England.

Whereupon the King regrantedRot. Cart. 30 E. 1. n. 24. the Earldom and Malshalship, unto him the said Roger, and the h • irs of his body; and passedIbid. n. 28. the Mannors of Suthfeld in Norfolk, Dovercurt in Essex; Kenet in Kent; as also divers other lands in England and Wales, unto him the said Roger, and Alice his Wife, and the issue of their two bodies lawfully begotten; and for lack of such issue, to remain to the King and his heirs. And likewiseIbid. n. 29. all his Castles, Mannors, &c. in England and Wales; excepting the Lordship of Setrington, and those other before mentioned: and for default of such issue, to return to the King and his Heirs.

Which Alice (his second Wife.) was Daughter Claus. 18 E. 1. in dorso. m. 10. unto Iohn de Anesine Earl of Bayonne, whom he marriedClaus. 18 E. 1. in dorso. m. 10. in 18 Ed. 1. and endowed Claus. 18 E. 1. in dorso. m. 10. with these following Lordships; viz. Cestreford and Dovercurt in Essex; Kenet, Stonham, Waletone, Holesle, Stavertone, Donningworth, Keleshale, Pesehale, Crat • end, and Bungey in Suffolk; Iching, Ersham, Walsham, Acle, Halvergale, Sceges, Watone, Haneworth, Sitfend, and Laxham, in Norfolk.

This great and last Earl of his Family, died Esc. 35 E. 1. n. 46. in 25 Edw. 1. seised of the Mannor of Hampstede-Marshal, in Com. Midd. the Mannor of Boseham, with the Hamlet of Fontington; the Hundred of Boseham, and Lastage of Long • Estone, extending to Pebensey in Com. Suss. the Mannors of Stoke, Thorney, Stoktone, Weston, and Great-Chesterford; the Castle and Borough of Strugoil, with the Hamlets thereunto belonging; and the Mannor of Tudenham, with the Hamlets. Likewise Esc. 35 E. 1. n. 46. of the Mannors of Forneset, Dychingham, Ersham, Lapham, Framlingham-parva, Halvergate, Walsham, Hancworth▪ Dykelburghe, Thacolmston, Suffend, and the half Hundred of Ersham, in Com Norff. And of the Lordships of Framelyngham, Hachistone, Hoo, Saham, Bungeye, Bonyngworth Saberton, Holesle, Keleshale, Cratefeld, Waletone, and Ipswich in Com. Suff. Iohn his Brother being then found to be his next Heir, and forty years of age.

Which Iohn enjoyed nothing of the Honor, by reason of the render abovesaid: nor any thing of the Estate that I can discover.

Ewe.

THough the Earldom belonging to this Family be Forrein; yet in regard the descendants of William de Auco, (id est, Ewe) did possess the Honor of Hastings, in Sussex; as also that of Tikhill in Yorkshire, for some time; I have thought fit to rank them amongst the Barons of this Realm: and therefore am to take notice, that Robert Robert. Earl of Ewe, who was one of the chief CouncellorsGesta Gu • l. Ducis Norm. 197. A. to William Duke of Normandy, before his Conquest of England, had great Revenues and Honors, bestowedOrd. Vit. 523. A. upon him, by his favour and bounty.

Howbeit the Lands and Possessions of William William. his Son (which he had likewise by that Kings gift) were of a much more large extent; for at the time of the general survey, it appearsDomesd. i • iisdem Comitatibus.; that he had the Lordships of Peteorde, Daneford, and Denchesworde, in Comitat. Berk▪ of Darneford, Littetone, Contone, Breuresbro • , Cerletone, Graftone, Boscumbe, Celdretone, Adhelmertone, Coteford, Digeric Lacham, Sevamentone, Getone, Sopeworde, Tollard, and Opetone, in Com. Wilts. of Torentone, Bradeford, Hiwes, Mapeldre, Lichet, Bleneford, Wellecome, Suere, Wentfrot, Frome, Circel, Terente, Aleurde, Stoches, and Candel, in Com. Dors. of Wateledge, Hantone, Geveltone, Lanzetone, Ivle, Citerne, and Ticheham in Com. Somers. of Sumburne, Dene, and Silcestre, in Comitat. Hant. of Gravelei, Wilga, Westone, Boxe, Clodhele, Hamsteworde and Offelei, in Comitat. Heref. of Stanhus, Alvredestone, Wigheiete, Odelaveston, Tideham, Duntesborne, Torentone, Sciptone, Culcortorne, Bereurde, and Suelle, in Comitat. Gloucest. of Sonedone, Stradlei, Melehon, Edeworde, Holme, Alriceseie, and Chambeltone, in Com. Bedf. as also of fifty two Lordships in Sussex; and of Bochesworde, in Com. Huntendon.

Of this William, all that I finde memorable, is, that in ann. 1088. (1 W. Rufi.) he wasRad. i • Dig •••• , col 489 • n. 30. one of those that took part with Odo Bishop of Bayeux, and Robert Earle of Moreton, and Cornwal, (the Kings Uncles) for advancing Rob. Curthose to the Crown: and, that when some of their adherents were for that purpose in Armes in one place, and some in another, plundring the Countries with their Souldiers; this William de Auco, with his forces didRad. i • Dig •••• , col 489 • n. 30. great mischeif in Gloucestershire.

But afterwards,Anno 109 • beingR. Hor •• . 266. • . • . 30. greedy of Riches and Honor (of both which he hadR. Hor •• . 266. • . • . 30. large promises) in ann. 1093. (6 Will. Rufi) he forsookR. Hor •• . 266. • . • . 30. Robert Curthose Duke of Normandy, his Leige Lord, to whom he had sworn fealty; and fleeing into England, subjected 〈…〉 himself to King William Rufus: As also, that, being afterwards found false to him, by adhering 〈…〉 to Robert de Molbray Earl of Northumberland, in that Conspiracy for the murdering of Rufus in a Wood (whereof I have spoke at large in my Historical discourse of that Earl) his Eyes and Stones were cut 〈…〉 out; Into which Conspiracy, it is said 〈…〉 he was drawn, by the incitation of Hugh Earl of Chester, whose Sister he had married.

It seems he was charged with this Plott, by some person, whom he challenged to a Duel, for the justification of his innocency therein; for my Author 〈…〉 sayes, that being vanquished in the Duel, his Eyes were pulled out, and his Privy members cut off at • aresbury, the King then celebrating a great Councel there, on the Octaves of the Epiphany ann. 1096. (9 Will. Ru •• .)

To this William succeeded 〈…〉 in the Earldom of Ewe, Henry Henry. his Son; who joyned 〈…〉 with the Earl of Mellent, and others, in that honorable reception of King Henry the first, made by the Nobility of Normandy, upon his first landing there after he had got the Crown of England: But afterwards, ann. scil. 1118. (18 Henr. 1.) conspiring 〈…〉 with Baldwyn Earl of flanders, for the advancing of William, Son to Robert Curthose: to the Regal Throne; by timely notice given to the King, he was laid hold on at Roan, and forced to deliver 〈…〉 up all his strong Holds, ere he had his liberty.

Howbeit, the year following, he made some amends for that fault; being 〈…〉 in person with King Henry, in that memorable Battle at Brennevill, near Noyon, against Lewes King of France, where the English obtained 〈…〉 a glorious Victory.

This E. Henry gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of Bec in Normandy, his Mannor of • ou in ... Also to 〈…〉 the Monks of Bermundsey in Surrey, his Lordship of Osewardeston, in the Parish of Lid in ... And confirmed 〈…〉 to the Canons of Hastings in Sussex, all the Prebends belonging to that Church, which were granted to them by Henry his Grandfather: and likewise gave 〈…〉 them divers Lands, Rents and Tithes, which lay in sundry other places.

He married 〈…〉 ... Daughter to William Lord of Sollei, eldest Son to the Earl of Bloys, and by her having issue 〈…〉 four Sons, and one Daughter; departed this 〈…〉 life in the year 1139. (4 Steph.) to whom succeeded 〈…〉 in this Earldom of Ewe, and other his Honors, Iohn his Son and Heir; who in 10 Henr. 2. was 〈…〉 one of the Witnesses of that Recognition, which, King Henry the second made of the peoples Liberties. And in 12 Henr. 2. upon levying of the Ayd, for marrying the Kings Daughter he certified 〈…〉 that he had fifty six Knights Fees; and that his Father had sixty in the Rape of Hastings, of which he was enfeoft in the time of King Henry the first, (whereof the Bishop of Thester held four,) for which in 14 Hen. 2. he paid 〈…〉 forty four pounds, six shillings and eight pence. And moreover 〈…〉 that he had of his own demesne six Knights Fees, more of antient Feoffment; scil. temp. Henr. 1. This Iohn married 〈…〉 Alice Daughter of William de Albini Earl of Arundell, and diedIbid. in an. 1170 (17 Hen. 2.) leaving issueIbid. Henry Earl of Ewe, his Son and Heir, then within age, as it seems; for the year following, upon levying the Scutage of Ireland, the Earl of Arundel, accountedRot P • p. 18 H. 2. Suss. sixty six pounds and ten shillings, for the Knights Fees belonging to him. Which Alice, for the health of the Souls of William Earl of Arundell her Father, Queen Adeliza her Mother, Iohn Earl of Augi, her first Husband, Godfrey her Brother, Maude and Murgery her Daughters, as also her own Soul, and the Soul of Al ••• ed de S. Martin her second Husband, gaveEx Regist. de 〈◊〉 . nuper penès 〈◊〉 Sidney. Equ. Aur. to the Monks of Robertsbrigge, all her Lands in Snargate.

This Henry Earl of Ewe, forMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 920. b. n. 20. the health of his Soul, and the Soul of his Brother Robert, gaveMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 920. b. n. 20. likewise to those Monks of Robertsbrigge, his Lordship of Worthe, with the valley adjoyning to the Forest of Bristling; which gift Iohn his Brother did confirmeMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 920. b. n. 20.; as also the grantMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 920. b. n. 20. of S • argale Marsh belonging to the Lordship of Bilsintone, givenMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 920. b. n. 20. formerly by Alice his Mother, and Henry his Brother: addingMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 920. b. n. 20. the Lordships of Mapellesdemne, and Cumdenne; of his own gift.

In 6 R. 1. this Earl Henry paidRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Suss. sixty two pounds and ten shillings, upon levying the Scutage for the Kings redemption: but farther of him I cannot say.

The next who succeededMon Angl. vol 2 921. a. n. 20. in this Earldom of Ewe, was Ralph de Ysendon in right of Alice Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 838. b. n. 60. his Wife, DaughterMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 838. b. n. 60. and Heir to the last Earl Henry: Which Ralph confirmedMon. Angl. Vol. 2. ut supra. to the Canons of Robertsbrigge, all the grants of his Predecessors, which had been made unto them, both in the Rape of Hastings, and in Kent, in as ample manner as Henry late Earl of Ewe had done.

In 1 Hen. 3. this Ralph had LiveryPat. 1 H. 3. m. 3. of the Castle of Tickhill, then in the Kings hands; and inClaus. 3 H. 3. m. 9. 3 Hen. 4. of the Mannor of Gretewell, whereof he wasClaus. 3 H. 3. m. 9. seized in the beginning of the Warr, betwixt King Iohn and the Barons: in which year he diedMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 838. b. n. 60. & 839. a.; whereupon Alice his Widow, forMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 838. b. n. 60. & 839. a. the health of her Soul, and the Soul of the same Ralph de Yssondon, Earl of Ewe (her husband) and the Soul of Ralph her Son, confirmedMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 838. b. n. 60. & 839. a. to the Monks of Roche, in Comit. Ebor. all such Lands as lay in the Barony of Tikhill, and belonged to them.

She also RatifiedMon Angl. Vol. 2. 870. n. 80. the grant, made by Iohn Earl of Ewe, her Grandfather, unto the Monks of Fulcardimont in Normandy, viz. the tenth part of all her Revenues in England; in lieu whereof, those Monks did receive an yearly Rent.

In 29 H. 3 this Alice paidRot. Pip. 29 H. 3. Suss. sixty two pound, ten shillings, for sixty two Knights Fees and an half, upon levying the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter: as alsoRot. Pip. 29 H. 3. Ebor. sixty pounds, and fifteen shillings more, for sixty Knights Fees and three parts, for the Honor of Tikhill, and had issuePlac. de by her said Husband, a Son called William; and Maude a Daughter marryedBanco. to Alfonsus Son to Iohn K. of Ierusalem; which Alfonsus by her had issue10 E. 1. Iohn Earl of Ewe. But this Alice, in her Widowhood, making forfeiture Term. Trin 〈◊〉 . to the King; William her Son also adhering Term. Trin 〈◊〉 . to the King of France, the Honor of Tikhill, escheatedTerm. Trin 〈◊〉 . to the Crown; whereupon King Henry gaveIbid. it to Prince Edward his eldest Son: Which Edward bestowed m it upon Henry of Almaine, Son to Richard Earl of Cornwal.

Mortimer.

THe first of this name that I have observed, is,W. Gemet. 278 C. Roger de Mortimer; Roger 1. by someIbid. thought to be the Son of William de Warren; by others,Ibid. of Walter de S. Martin, Brother of that William. Which Roger was Founder Ibid. of the Abbey of S. Victor in Normandy.

It is reportedOrd. Vit. 638 D. & 639 A., That, in Anno 1054. (which was twelve years before the Norman Conquest) when Odo, Brother to Henry, King of France, invaded the Territory of Eureur, Duke William sent this Roger, then his General (with Robert, Earl of Ewe, and other stout Soldiers) to resist his attempts; who meeting with Odo near to the Castle of Mortimer, gave him Battle Ibid. 6 •• D., and obtainedIbid. 6 •• D. a glorious victory. It is farther observable of this Roger, That he was by consanguinity alliedW. Ge ••• 313 A. to the Norman Duke (afterwards King, by the name of William the Conqueror) his Mother, being NeeceW. Ge ••• 313 A. to Gunnora, Wife to Richard, Duke of Normandy, great Grand-Mother to the Conqueror.

The next is Ralph de Mortimer Ralph 1. (Son, I presume to this Roger) which Ralph accompanied Monast. Angl. Vol. 2. 220 a. n. 10. Duke William hither, upon his first invasion of this Realm, beingMonast. Angl. Vol. 2. 220 a. n. 10. one of the chiefest Commanders in his whole Army; and shortly after that signal Conquest, as the most puissantIbid. of his Captains, was sentIbid. into the Marches of Wales, to encounter with Edrich, Earl of Shrewsbury, (as also Lord of Wigmore and Melenithe) in regard he would not submit to the Norman Yoak; whom, after great toil, and a long Siege in Wigmore Castle, he at length subduedIbid. n. 20. & 221 a. n. 60., and delivered captive to that King, whereupon he enjoyedIbid. n. 20. & 221 a. n. 60. all his Lands. And having so done, strongly fortifiedIbid. n. 20. & 221 a. n. 60. the Castle of Dynethe in Melenithe, formerly built by the same Edrich.

This Ralph also conqueredHistory of Wa ••• by D. Powel, 151. Elvel, and did his homageHistory of Wa ••• by D. Powel, 151. to King William for it. But in An. 1088. (1 Wil. Ruf.) he joynedJoreval. 984. n. 50 & 60. with Bernard Newmarch and Roger de Lacy, in that Rebellion begun by Odo, Earl of Kent, on the behalf of Robert Curthose; and with the assistanceJoreval. 984. n. 50 & 60. of the Welsh, didJoreval. 984. n. 50 & 60. much mischeif in Worcestershire, as also towards the Borders of Wales. But, about two years after, he cameOrd. Vit. 681 A. off to the King; and with Robert, Earl of Ewe, and Walter Giffard, fortifiedOrd. Vit. 681 A. his Houses in Normandy against Curthose.

Likewise in 4 Hen. 1. the King then passing Ibid. 814 • . into Normandy, with divers other great persons, who held Lands of him there, he joyned Ibid. 814 • . with them in giving him an honorable reception; professingIbid. 814 • . himself ready to serve him to the utmost. And, upon that commotion 〈…〉 in Normandy, raised by Curthose, being made General 〈…〉 of those Forces which King Henry the First sent thither; he vanquished 〈…〉 the Army of Curthose, and brought him prisoner 〈…〉 to the King. And lastly, after these adventures, ordainedIbid. n. 50 & 60. the Foundation of an Abbey at Wigmore, constituting Ibid. n. 50 & 60. his Son Hugh Heir to all his Lands in England, as also his sole Executor, and committed Ibid. n. 50 & 60. him to the education of Sir Oliver Merlimond, a sage and worthy Knight. The structure of which Monastery was first begunIbid. n. 50 & 60. at Schobdon, by the same Oliver, but afterwards removed Ibid. n. 50 & 60. to Wigmore, near to a Collegiate Church of Secular Canons, which this Ralph had there FoundedIbid. n. 50 & 60. with three Prebendaries, by the consent of Gerard, Bishop of Hereford.

The Lands whereof, this Ralph de Mortimer was possessed at the time of the General Survey 〈◊〉 . in iisdem Com., were very great, viz. In Berkshire five Lordships, in Yorkshire eighteen, besides divers Hamlets, in Wiltshire ten, in Somersetshire one, in Hantshire thirteen, in Oxfordshire one, in Worcestershire four, in Warwickshire one, in Lincolnshire seven, in Leicestershire two, in Shropshire fifty (whereof nineteen were held of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury,) and in Herefordshire nineteen, besides the Castle of Wigmore (built by William Fitz-Osborne, Earl of Hereford, upon a peice of waste Ground called Mercestune) which Castle became the principal Seat of him and his Posterity.

This Ralph married 〈…〉 Milisent, Daughter of ... by whom he left issue two Sons, viz. 〈…〉 Hugh, who succeeded him in his Lands and Honor, and William de Mortimer, Lord of Chelmersh, and afterwards of Netherley, by the giftIbid. n. 20. of his Brother Hugh; as also a Daughter called Hawise Ibid 993 a. n. 10., Wife of Stephen, Earl of Asbemarle.

This Hugh, Hugh 1. beingJoreval. 1046 n. 50 & 60. a person of a proud and haughty spirit, upon the death of King Stephen, endeavoredJoreval. 1046 n. 50 & 60. all he could to oppose King Henry the Second; and to that end, incitedGerv. Dorob. 1377. n. 60. Roger, Earl of Hereford, to fortifie his Castles of Glocester and Hereford, and all other his strong holds against him; himself doingIbid. 1378. n. 10. the like with his own Castles of Cleobiry, Wigmore, and Brugges (vulgò Brugge North. ) Whereupon Gilbert Foliot, at that time Bishop of Hereford, addressingIbid. himself to the Earl of Hereford (being his Kinsman) by fair perswasions so qualifiedIbid. him, that he soon submitted. But this Hugh continued still obstinate Ibid.; so that the King being necessitated to raise an Army, dividedIbid. it into three parts; and so besiegingIbid. these three Castles, all at once, forcedIbid. him at length to yield.

Betwixt this Hugh de Mortimer, and Ioceas de Dynant, at that time Lord of Ludlow, were very great differencesMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 215. n. 40 & 50.; insomuch as Ioceas could notMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 215. n. 40 & 50. pass safely out of his Castle, for fear of being taken by Mortimers Men. But, it so hapned, that setting his SpiesMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 215. n. 40 & 50., to take all advantages upon Dynant; himself, likewise roving thereabouts alone, was surprisedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 215. n. 40 & 50., and carried prisoner to Ludlow; and there kept tillMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 215. n. 40 & 50. he had paid Three thousand marks of Silver for his ransom.

After this in 8 Steph. skirmishingHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 197. with Rees ap Howell, he tookHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 197. him prisoner. And having often suppressedMon. Anglic. ut supra n. 40. the Rebellions of the South Wales Men, tookMon. Anglic. ut supra n. 40. Howel ap Owen, and Conwen his Brother (two of their greatest Lords) and wastedMon. Anglic. ut supra n. 40. the Town of Cardigan. Moreover, he builtIbid. n. 50. & 221 b. n. 10. the Castles of Kaermerdine, Mapudrith, and Cameron; and perfected Ibid. 220 b. n. 10. the Foundation of the Abbey of Wigmore, begun by his Father. He likewise transferred thitherIbid. 220 b. n. 10. the Prebendaries which had been placed in the Parochial Church of Wigmore by his Father; and in An. 1179. (25 Hen. 2.) largely endowedIbid. n. 20 & 30. it; viz. With the Mannors of Kayham and Schobdon, the moity of Mottre Wood, and divers other Lands; together with the Churches of Wigmore, Cleobiry, Lentwardin, Nene, Hugley, Burley, Lidbury North, Scho • don, Almondestreo, and Chelmersh, and all their Chappels.

And, having done all this, in his age, becoming a CanonIbid. n. 50 • & 221 b. n. 10. professed in the Abbey at Wigmore, departedIb. 217 b. n 40. this life at Cleobiry, 26 Febr. An. 1188. (31 Hen. 2.) and was there buriedIb. 217 b. n 40.; for whose Soul, one special Mass was daily celebrated Ib. 217 b. n 40. at his Tomb. Leaving issueIb. 220 b. n. 10. & 221 a. n. 60. by Maud his Wife, DaughterIb. 220 b. n. 10. & 221 a. n. 60. of William Longespe, Duke of Normandy, four Sons; viz. Roger, Hugh, Ralph, and William. Which Hugh took to Wife Ibid. 221 a. Felicia de Sancto Sydonio; and had by the gift of his Father, the Mannors of Sudbury and Chelmersh; which Mannors, William his Uncle formerly enjoyed. But William being a Soldier Ibid. n. 10., was taken prisonerIbid. n. 10. in Foreign parts, and there diedIbid. n. 10. unmarried.

About this time, there wasLib. Rub. in Scacc. sub tit. Heref. one Robert de Mortimer (Son or Brother, I presume of Hugh) who in 12 Hen. 2. hadLib. Rub. in Scacc. sub tit. Heref. the Honor of Richards Castle in Right of his Wife, Daughter of Hugh de Say, and Heir to Osbert Fitz-Hugh; which Honor containedIbid. Three and twenty Knights Fees.

I come now to Roger, Son to the last Mentioned Hugh.

This Roger Roger 2. in 6 Rich. 1. wasRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Lin • . with the King in Normandy, and therefore had a special discharge Rot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Lin • . of the Scutage, then levied, by reason of that expedition.

About this time, Rees, Prince of Wales, having raised an Army, and takenHistory of Wal • s by D. Powel, p. 247. the Town of Caermarthen, as also the Castles of Caermarthen and Clun, and likewise besieged History of Wal • s by D. Powel, p. 247. Radnor. This Roger came with Hugh de Say, for the releif of that place, but was beatenHistory of Wal • s by D. Powel, p. 247. with great loss, as my Author reporteth.

In 16 Ioh. he was acquittedClaus. 16 Joh. in • orso m. 24. of the Scutage, then levied for the expedition into Poictou; his Son beingClaus. 16 Joh. in • orso m. 24. then in that service.

About this time, Howel, Son of Cadwalthon; and Maydoc, Son of Maylston; pretending Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 221 b. n. 20 & 30. they had a right to the Territory of Melenith in Fee-Ferme; for a great sum of Money procuredMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 221 b. n. 20 & 30. a tryal at Law for the same, by Twelve Knights of the Counties of Heref. and Salop; but upon full hearing of the cause at Shrewsbury, the Right was adjudgedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2, 221 b. n. 20 & 30. to this Roger.

Having hadIbid. 221 a. n. 20. many skirmishes with the Welsh, and most valiantly opposingIbid. 221 a. n. 20. their frequent incursions, he tookIbid. 221 a. n. 20. Twelve of their principal Leaders in one Battle.

He also much enlargedIbid. 221 a. n. 20. his Territories, and droveIbid. 221 a. n. 20. away Thieves and Robbers from those parts. And being once presentIbid. 221 a. n. 20. at the solemn Anniversary of his Father, he confirmedIbid. 221 a. n. 20. all his Grants to the Canons of Wigmore; addingIbid. 221 a. n. 20. of his own gift, a spacious and fruitful pasture, lying near to that Abbey, called The Treasure of Mortimer. Whereupon his Steward blaming himIbid. 221 a. n. 20., that he should dispossess himself of a Field so rich and fertile, and for that reason called The Treasure of Mortimer; he repliedIbid. 221 a. n. 20., I have laid up my Treasure in that Field, where Theeves cannot steal or dig, or moth corrupt.

This Roger marriedIbid. 222 a. n. 20. to his first Wife Milisent, Daughter of ... Ferrers, Earl of Derby, by whom he had issueIbid. Hugh his Son and Heir, and two Daughters; ... the WifeEx Coll. R. Gl. S. of Stephen le Gross, with whom he had in marriage, the Lordships of Chorston and Barow; and ... marriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. to Walkeline de Beauchamp. And to his second Wife Isabel, theRot. Pip. 6 Joh. Gloc. Rot. Fin. 6 Joh. m. 2. Sister and Heir to Hugh de Ferrers, Son of Walkeline de Ferrers, Rot. Pip. 6 Joh. Gloc. Rot. Fin. 6 Joh. m. 2. Lord of Dkham in Rutland; as also Rot. Pip. 6 Joh. Gloc. Rot. Fin. 6 Joh. m. 2. of Lechelade and Lagebiry, in Com. Gloc. And upon the death of the said Hugh de Ferrers in 6 Ioh. gaveRot. Pip. 6 Joh. Gloc. Rot. Fin. 6 Joh. m. 2. Three hundred marks, and an Horse for the great Saddle, for Livery of those Lorships of Lechelade and Lagebiry. Likewise Rot. Fin. 9 Joh. m 9. in 9 Ioh. Seven hundred marks, and seven Palfreys, for Livery of the Mannor of Okham.

By this Isabel he had issue (also) three Sons; viz. Ralph, Robert, and Philip. But of her I have seen no more, than that she FoundedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 222 a. n. 30. a Nunnery at Lechelade, and was there buriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 222 a. n. 30..

This Roger diedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 222 a. n. 30. 8 Kal. Iuly, An. 1215. (17 Ioh.) to whom succeeded Hugh.

Which Hugh, Hugh 2. in the time of those Wars betwixt King Iohn and the Barons, though much sollicitedIb. 221 b. n 40 & 2 • 2 b. n 50. otherwise by Lewelin, Prince of Wales, and Giles de Braose, then Bishop of Hereford, adheredIbid. stoutly to the King. Whereupon Lewelin, with Wenwyn-Wen, Prince of Powys, and Maylgon, another potent Welshman, together with the Bishop of Hereford, entredIbid. his Castle of Kamaran, and utterly demolishedIbid. it; for which, he had afterwards recompenceIbid.: For about that time, Gualo, the Popes Legate, coming into England, with authority from Rome, pronouncedIbid. • 〈◊〉 & 223 a. Sentence of Excommunication against all those, who had taken away ought from the King, or from any of his adherents, unless they made timely satisfaction. Whereupon there was a Conference held Ibid. • 〈◊〉 & 223 a. at Wigmore; unto which Lewelin coming, he did, without any constraint acknowledge Ibid. • 〈◊〉 & 223 a. all the Territory of Melenith, to be the Right and Inheritance of this Hugh; and commanded Ibid. • 〈◊〉 & 223 a. all his Tenants there to yield obedience to him. Moreover, for the damage which he and his Tenants had suffered from the Welsh (which were at that meeting estimated at Five hundred marks) it was there orderedIbid. • 〈◊〉 & 223 a. by Stephen, Archbishop of Canterbury, and the other Lords then present; that Lewelyn should pay one third part thereof, Maylgon another, and Wenhoven as much.

In 16 Ioh. this Hugh (amongst the Barons Marchers) had SummonsClaus. 16 Joh. is dorso • . 4. to attend the King at Cirencester, upon Munday next after the Vtas of the Clause of Easter, well accoutred with Horse and Arms for himself, and all the power he could make. And having had the custodyPat. 〈◊〉 Joh. n. 〈◊〉 . of the Castle of Stratton-Oale, in 17 Ioh. he received commandPat. 〈◊〉 Joh. n. 〈◊〉 . to deliver it up to Hugh de Nevil; but standing still firm to the King, he had the Castle of Holgot givenClaus. 18 Joh. m. 2. him in 18 Ioh. which wasClaus. 18 Joh. m. 2. part of the Possessions of Thomas Manduit, then in Rebellion with the Barons.

And in 7 Hen. 3. wasClaus. 7 Hen 3. 〈◊〉 in dorso. in that expedition made into Wales.

He took to WifePat. 16 〈…〉 Annora, Daughter of William de Braose, and hadPat. 16 〈…〉 One hundred shillings Land in Cherleton and Chiriton, with her in marriage (which she afterwards heldPat. 16 〈…〉 during her Widowhood) and having been much wounded Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 222 b. • . 10. in a Tourneament, departedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 222 b. • . 10. this life, 4 Id. Nov. An. 1227. (11 Hen. 3.) without issue, and was buriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 222. b. • . 10. in the Abbey at Wigmore.

To whom succeeded Ralph Ralph 2. his Brother (by the Father.) Of which Ralph, it is memorableIbid. 〈◊〉 & 40., That in the life time of his Brother Hugh, King Iohn losing Normandy, in regard he refused to do homage for it to the King of France, being then there for the defence of that Countrey, he was taken prisonerIbid. 〈◊〉 & 40. by the French; and, that the Welsh hearing thereof, came to Wigmore; and having plunderedIbid. 〈◊〉 & 40. the Abbey, burntIbid. 〈◊〉 & 40. it all to the ground, except the Church.

Succeeding his Brother to that great Inheritance, in 12 Hen. 3. he paid 〈…〉 One hundred pound for his Releif; and thereupon had Livery 〈…〉 of all his Lands lying in the Counties of Glocester, Southampton, Becks, Salop, and Hereford.

In 17 Hen. 3. the King requiring 〈…〉 Hostages of the Barons Marchers for their Fidelity (the times being then troublesome) this Ralph delivered 〈…〉 unto him Henry, the Son and Heir to Sir Brian de Brompton; who was thereupon committed 〈…〉 to the custody of William de Stutevil.

And in 22 Hen. 3. the King fearingClaus. 22 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 16. some disturbances from Lewelin, Prince of Aberfraw, by reason that he exactedClaus. 22 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 16. homage from all the cheif Men of North Wales, and Powys (amongst other of the Barons Marchers) required Claus. 22 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 16. this Ralph to attend him at Oxford, upon Tuesday next after the Quinzime of Easter; there to advise concerning that, and other important business.

And in 24 Hen. 3. accordingClaus. 24 Hen. 3. m. 9. to the Decree made by Gualo, the Popes Legate, concerning the Territory of Melenith, in the time of his Brother Hugh; the King sentClaus. 24 Hen. 3. m. 9. his Precept to the Sheriff of Herefordshire, to deliver possession thereof unto this Ralph.

After this, viz. in 26 Hen. 3. upon that expedition then made into Gascoigne, he received commandRot Vascon. 26 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 3. to provide himself with Horse and Arms for that service.

Being a person of a Military Disposition, he builtMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 222 a. n. 10. two more Castles in Melenith, viz. Kevencles and Knoclas, whereby he exceedingly enlargedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 222 a. n. 10. his Possessions upon the Welsh, and much restrainedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 222 a. n. 10. their bold incursions: So that Prince Lewelin, seeingIb. 222 b. n. 10. that he could not cope with him, gaveIb. 222 b. n. 10. him his Daughter Gladuse Duy in marriage, with all his Lands of Kery and Kedewyn; as alsoIb. 222 b. n. 10. all the Castles and Forts in both of them. But more I have not seen of him till his death, which hapned Ibid. n 20. 8 Id. Aug. An. 1246. (30 Hen. 3.) Whereupon he was buriedIbid. n. 30. with his Ancestors in the Abbey at Wigmore, leaving issue four Sons, viz. Ibid. 223 a. Roger the eldest then in minority, Peter, Iohn a Gray Frier at Shrewsbury, and Hugh Lord of Chelmersh.

Which Gladuse soon after obtained Livery Claus. 30 Hen. 3. m. 5. of all the Lands, wherewith she had been endowed by Reginald de Braose, her former Husband. But after this, she was necessitated to a suitRot. Fin. 3 • Hen. 3. m. 6. with William de Braose (Son of that Reginald) for the same.

I come now to Roger his Son and Heir.

This Roger Roger. in 31 Hen. 3. paying 〈…〉 Two thousand marks to the King, had Livery 〈…〉 of all his Lands, excepting those whereof Gladuse his Mother (then surviving) was endowed: And in the same year, an assignation 〈…〉 in right of Maud his Wife of her Purparty of all those Lands in England; and the next year following of those in 〈…〉 Ireland, which descended to her from Walter Mareschal, late Earl of Pembroke. So also 〈…〉 of the Knights Fees. Likewise 〈…〉 of her Purparty of the Castle and Town of Haverford, with Eve, the Wife of William de Cantilupe, and Eleanor, the Wife of Humphrey de Bohun, the other participants.

In 37 Hen. 3. he attended 〈…〉 the King in his expedition into Gascoigne. And in 41 Hen. 3. when Lewelin, Prince of Wales, began again to make incursions upon the Marches, received command 〈…〉 to assist Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, in the defence of those parts, betwixt Montgomery, and the Lands of the Earl of Glocester.

In 42 Hen. 3. he had also Summons 〈…〉 to attend the King at Chester, on Monday next after the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, well furnished with Horse and Arms, to withstand the like hostile Incursions of the Welsh; and, being in that service, had a special discharge 〈…〉 of his Scutage for those Twenty six Knights Fees, and a sixth part, which he held in right of Maud his Wife, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to William de Braose of Brecknock.

In 44 H. 3. the Welsh still continuingClaus. 4. Hen. 3. m. 17. their hostilities, he was madeClaus. 4. Hen. 3. m. 17. Captain General of all the Kings Forces in those parts; all the Barons Marchers receiving commandClaus. 4. Hen. 3. m. 17. to be attendant on him, with their whole strength. And the same year constituted GovernorPat. 44 H. 3. m. 10. of the Castle of Hereford. But, notwithstanding all the power of these Barons Marchers, Prince Lewelin got the better, as someHistory of 〈…〉 , p. 325. say: For this Roger, having contraryHistory of 〈…〉 p. 325. to his Oath (as they report) maintained the Kings quarrel, and takenHistory of 〈…〉 p. 325. from Lewelin, all Buelt, except the Castle, which the Princes Men got by night, without bloodshed, and therein much Munition; the next year following he lostHistory of 〈…〉 p. 325. the Castle of Melenith, and all his Men therein, which were put to the Sword, and the Castle demolishedIbid.. And when he came afterwards thither, with what strength he could make, was pursued so close by the Prince, that being constrainedIbid. to crave leave to depart; the Prince, in regard he was his Kinsman, granted Ibid. it to him.

In 45 Hen. 3. he was (together with Iames de Aldithley) sentClaus 45 Hen. 3. m. 23. to the Ford of Montgomery, to meet certain Commissioners from Prince Lewelin, to treat concerning a Peace betwixt King Henry and him. And in 46 Hen. 3. adheringClaus. 46 Hen. 〈◊〉 in dorso m. 18. to Richard Earl Marshal, (with divers other of the Barons) wasClaus. 46 Hen. 〈◊〉 in dorso m. 18. a party to that Instrument sealed betwixt the King and them, for a peaceable composure of the difference.

In this year Prince Lewelin, having besieged An. 1262. 46 Hen. 3. Matth. Westm. the Castle of Keventles, belonging to this Roger, and taken itAn. 1262. 46 Hen. 3. Matth. Westm.; as alsoAn. 1262. 46 Hen. 3. Matth. Westm., another strong Hold of his; he utterly demolishedAn. 1262. 46 Hen. 3. Matth. Westm. both of them. Whereupon, lyingIbid. in Wait for those his Enemies, he made several assaultsIbid. upon them, and slew sometimes Three hundred, and sometimes more of them. And the year next following, the animosities betwixt the King, and the Rebellious Barons growing high, by reasonM. Westm▪ in Anno▪ 1263. 47 Hen. 〈◊〉 of those Ordinances which they had made at Oxford, so much derogatory to his Regal Authority, he standing firm to the King, made great waste and spoilM. Westm▪ in Anno▪ 1263. 47 Hen. 〈◊〉 upon the Demesn Lands in Wales, of Montfort, Earl of Leicester (the cheif of those Rebels.) Whereupon Montfort confederating M. Westm▪ in Anno▪ 1263. 47 Hen. 〈◊〉 with Prince Lewelin, incitedM. Westm▪ in Anno▪ 1263. 47 Hen. 〈◊〉 him to do the like upon the Lands of this Roger, which he did; and besides that, tookM. Westm▪ in Anno▪ 1263. 47 Hen. 〈◊〉 his Castle of Radnor, and burnt it to the ground.

In this year also (with the rest of the Barons Marchers) he received commandClaus. 47 Hen. 3. 〈◊〉 dorso m. 15. to repair to Ludlow with Horse and Arms, for restaining the farther • ostilities of the Welsh.

In 48 Hen. 3. the King seeing himself necessitated Pat. 48 H. 3. m 18. to yield to those Ordinances of Oxford (the Rebellious Barons being then so strong) this Roger was onePat. 48 H. 3. m 18., who, at that time, undertook for his observance of them. But the King, soon after, getting strengthMat. Paris, p. 993. n. • 0., held not himself obliged to what he formerly was so constrained unto; and marchingMat. Paris, p. 993. n. • 0. to Northampton, gave them a notable defeatMat. Paris, p. 993. n. • 0.; this Roger being then the cheifLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 176. in that action. And soon after, being M. Westm. in Anno 1264. Battle of Lewes in 14 Mai • , 48 Hen. 3. in that fatal BattleM. Westm. in Anno 1264. Battle of Lewes in 14 Mai • , 48 Hen. 3. of Lewes, where the Rebellious Barons took the King and Prince Edward prisoners; discerning the day to be lost, forthwith fledM. Westm. in Anno 1264. Battle of Lewes in 14 Mai • , 48 Hen. 3., (together with Iames de Aldithley, Roger de Clifford, and some other of the Barons Marchers) into Wales, and thereIbid. fell upon Prince Lewelin; hoping to turn the scale by giving a defeat there, to those adherents and confederates of Montfort, and the rest of his Rebellious Party.

But their success at Lewes gave them such reputation, that their numbers much increasing, Montfort forthwith advancedIbid. with a powerful Army into the Marches; and there carrying all before him, burntIbid. and wasted the Houses and Lands of this Roger.

Seeing therefore his Soveraign in this great distress, and nothing but ruine and misery attending himself, and all other the Kings loyal Subjects, he took no rest till he had contrived some way for their deliverance; and to that end, sentMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 223 a. n 40, 50 & 60. & 22 •• . MS Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. Med. 20. 120 b. a swift Horse to the Prince, then prisoner with the King in the Castle at Hereford, with intimation that he should obtain leave to ride out for recreation, into a place called Widmersh; andMon. Anglic Vol. 2. 223 a. n. 40, 50 & 60. & 22 •• . MS Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. Med. 20. 120 b. that upon sight of a person mounted on a White Horse, at the foot of Tulington Hill, and waving his Bonnet (which was the Lord of Croft, as it was said) he should hast towards him with all possible speed. Which being accordingly done (though all the Countrey thereabouts. were thither calledIbid. 223 b. n. 10., to prevent his escape) setting Spurs to that Horse, he overwent Ibid. 223 b. n. 10. them all. Moreover, that being come to the Park of Tulinton, this Roger metIbid. 223 b. n. 10. him with Five hundred armed Men; and seeing many to pursue, chasedIbid. 223 b. n. 10. them back to the Gates of Hereford, making great • laughter amongst them.

Furthermore, that having thus brought off the Prince with safety to his Castle at Wigmore, he was the cheif person that gave countenance to the raising of a powerful Army, consisting Ibid. 223 b. n. 10. cheifly of the Welsh; by which, upon the fourth of August, An. 1265. (49 Hen. 3.) a glorious VictoryIbid. 223 b. n. 10. being obtained against that insolent Montfort, and the rest of his Party, near to Evesham in Worcestershire, the King himself was most happily set at liberty.

By othersH. Knighton, 2452. & Ibid. n. 10. this story is related thus, viz. That this Roger sent the Prince a swift Horse, for the purpose before-mentioned; and that the Prince, obtaining leave of Montfort, to try if the Horse were of use for the great Saddle; first wearied out other Horses, and then got on this (a Boy with two Swords, whom this Roger had sent, being near with another Horse) and so turning himself to Robert de Ros, then his Keeper, and other by-standers, said, I have been in your custody for a time, but now I bid you farewel; and so rode away: AddingIbid. n. 30., that this Roger, with his Banner displayed, received him at a little Hill called Dunmor, and so conveyed him safe to his Castle at Wigmore.

Certain it is, That in that memorable Battle Battle of Evesham, 6 Aug. 49 H. 3. of Evesham, this Roger commandedIb. 2453. & Ibid. n. 20. the third part of the Princes Army, and assaulted Ib. 2453. & Ibid. n. 20. the Rebellious Barons on the back part; the Prince coming on upon the one side, and the Earl of Glocester on the other.

And upon the Twenty seventh of October following, had, for his faithful services, a Grant Cart. • 9 H 3. m 2. of the whole Earldom, and Honor of Oxford, and all other the Lands of Robert de Vere, then Earl of Oxford, (excepting the Mannor of Flete) at that time forfeited, for taking part with Montfort, Earl of Leicester, in that Rebellious War.

It is reportedMat. Paris, p. 1001. n. 1 • & 20., that after this Battle, great endeavors being used for a fair composure betwixt the King, and the conquered Party, which was agitated by Ottobon, the Popes Legate, the Earl of Glocester, and twelve others were chosen to moderate therin; whereby those who were vanquished, might redeem themselves and their estates, by pecuniary compositions (which accordingly was effected by that memorable Decree called Dictum de Kenilworth) and that this Roger, with the rest of the Barons Marchers, who had obtained the confiscated Lands of the Rebels by the Kings Grant, fiercely opposed that accord; saying, That it was unjust, that what was so deservedly forfeited; and for their pains and fidelity, given to them by the King, should be taken from them again for no cause. And it was then saidIbid. 100 • . n. 40. by some, that he took such offence against the Earl of Glocester, for his forwardness in that Agreement, that he conspired his death; as also, that thereupon the Earl withdrew himself for a time, great animosities continuing betwixt them.

After this, viz. in 51 Hen. 3. he had command Claus. 51 Hen. 3. m. 5. from the King, to fortifie the Castle of Hereford, (whereof by the Kings former Grant in 44 Hen. 3. he had been constituted Governor:) And in 50, 51, and the fourth part of 52 Hen. 3. hadRot Pip. 〈◊〉 iisdem Annis Heref. the Sheriffalty of Herefordshire. In 54 Hen. 3. he was also madePat. 54 H. 3. m. 2. Governor of the Castle of Corff. And in 1 Edw. 1. when the King was gone into Gascoigne, there being an InsurrectionM. West. in eodem Anno. in the North, grounded upon a certain vain Prophecy, That the King should never return again into England; this Roger, marchingM. West. in eodem Anno. towards them (with Edmund, the Kings Brother) they totally retired and dissipated M. West. in eodem Anno. themselves.

All being now quiet, in 7 Edw. 1. he obtained a GrantCart. 7 Edw. 1. n. 37. Rot. Fin. 7 Edw. • . m. 21. from the King of the Territories of Keddewy and Kery, and of the Castle of Dolvoron (built byMonast. Anglic. Vol. • . 223 b. n. 20. David ap Lewelin) to hold to himself and his heirs, by the service of three Knights Fees.

And, having taken to WifeIbid. n. 10. Rot. Pip. 54 Hen. 3. Heref. Maud the Daughter and Coheir to William de Braose of Brecknock, with whom he hadMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 557 b. n. 50. the Land of Radnor, with other fair possessions, both in England and Wales; had issueMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. ut supra. by her these three Sons, Edmund, William, and Geffrey: Upon whom, having procuredIbid. n. 〈◊〉 & 30. the honor of Knighthood to be conferred by King Edward the First; he, at his own costs, causedIbid. n. 〈◊〉 & 30. a Tourneament to be held at Kenilworth; where he sumptuously entertained an hundred Knights, and as many Ladies, for three days, the like whereof was never before in England; and there began Ibid. n. 〈◊〉 & 30. the Round Table, (so calledIbid. n. 〈◊〉 & 30., by reason that the place wherein they practised those feats, was environed with a strong Wall made in a round Form:) And, upon the fourth day, the Golden Lion, in sign of triumph, being yielded to him; he carriedIbid. it (with all that company) to Warwick. The same whereof being spred into Foreign Countreys, occasioned the Queen of Navarre, to sendIbid. unto him certain Wooden Bottles, bound with Golden Bars and Wax, under the pretence of Wine; which (in truth) were all filled with Gold; and for many ages after, keptIbid. in the Abby of Wigmore. Whereupon, for the love of that Queen, he addedIbid. a Carbuncle to his Arms.

But long it was not, after this, that he lived: for in 10 Edw. 1. he departedEsc. 11 E. 1. n. 28. Ex coll. R. Gl. S. this life, at Kingslene, upon Simon and Iude's Eve;Esc. 11 E. 1. n. 28. Ex coll. R. Gl. S. Edmund his Son and Heir being then twenty seven years of age; and was buried in the Abby of Wigmore, with this EpitaphMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. b. p. 50.. Hic est sepultus, qui mansit la • de refultus, Rogerus mundus, de Morte marinâ secundus. Cui fuerat gratus, dominus Wigmorae vocitatus. Hunc dum viverat, vi Wallia tota timebat. Et sibi donata permansit Wallia tota. Militiam scivit, semper tormenta subivit.

Other Children he also had, by the same Maude; viz. Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 223. b. n. 50. Sir Ralph Mortimer, Knight (his eldest Son) who died in his lifetime; Roger Mortimer Lord of Chirke, (of whom I shall say more anon) Sir Gefrey a Knight (who also died in his lifetime, and lieth buried at Wigmore,) and Sir William a Knight, and stout Souldier, who had to WifeEsc. 25 E. 1. n. 38. Hawyse the Heir of Robert de Muscegros; and in her right heldEsc. 25 E. 1. n. 38. the Mannors of Batenton, Kemerton, Stawell, and Cherleton-Muscegros: and was enfeossed Esc. 25 E. 1. n. 38. by Maude his Mother, of the third part of the Mannor of Crendon, in Comitat. Buck. two parts of the Mannor of Doecumbe; of the Castle of Bruggewalter, and third part of that Mannor; as also of two parts of the Mannor of Meletone, all in com. Somerset. and dyingEsc. 25 E. 1. n. 38. without issue, in 25 Edw. 1. leftEsc. 25 E. 1. n. 38. Edmund Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, his Brother and Heir.

Of the before specified Maude, all that I have farther seen; is, that the Castle and Mannor of Radnor, with the Mannors of Kingstone, and Erlesdone, which were of her Inheritance; being takenClaus. 11 E. 1. m. 9. into the Kings hands, by reason of his death; commandClaus. 11 E. 1. m. 9. was given to the Sheriff of Herefordshire; in 11 Edw. 1. to render them unto her; and a precept sent to the Sheriff of Shropshire; requiringClaus. 11 E. 1. m. 9. him to take her Oath, that she should not marry again without licence.

And, that she departedEsc. 29 E. 1. n. 53. this life, in 29 E. 1. Edmund her Son being then forty years of age; who soon after, doing his Homage, had livery Rot. Fin. 29 E. 1. m. 10. of the Castle of Radnor, and other the Lands of her Inheritance.

Which Edmund Edmund. solemnly receivedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. the Honor of Knighthood, at Winchester, at the hands of King Edward the first, upon the Feast day of the Nativity of our Lady; and having so done, marriedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. Margaret the Daughter of Sir William de Fendles, a Spaniard, kinswoman to Queen Elianore; the weddingMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. being there kept at the King and Queens Charges.

In 10 Edw. 1. (which was the year his Father died) this Edmund, with some other of the Barons-marchers, encountringMS. Oxon. in bibl. Bodl. K. 84 f. 67. b. M. Westm. in anno, 1282. the Army of Leoline Prince of Wales, which was come down from the mountains towards Buelt, with little loss, put it to a total routMS. Oxon. in bibl. Bodl. K. 84 f. 67. b. M. Westm. in anno, 1282., and made great slaughter upon the Welch; in which Battle Leoline himself being slainMS. Oxon. in bibl. Bodl. K. 84 f. 67. b. M. Westm. in anno, 1282., his head was cut off and sentLel. coll. Vol. 1. p. 290. to the King at Rothelan; but thence carried to the Tower of London, and there setM. Westm. ut supra. on a Pole, Crowned with Ivy.

In the same year upon the death of Iohn Fitz-Alan, the Castles of Oswaldestre, and Arundell, were committedPat. 10 H. • . m. 8. to the Trust of this Edmund: And in 11 Edw. 1. doing his Homage, he had LiveryRot. Fin. 11 E. 1. m. 25. of all his own Lands. In 14 E. 1. he obtained a GrantCart. 14. E. 1. n. 45. from the King, to himself and Margaret his Wife, and their Heirs, of the Mannors of Marckley and Thorn • ury, in Com. Heref. And in 15 Edw 1. reteined Peter de Mauley (an eminent Baron of Yorkshire) by IndentureClaus. 15 • 1. in dorso. m. 3., to serve him in the Welch-Warrs, against Rese ap Meredith, and his Complices, then Rebells to the King, with ten Light-horse, viz. one black with a white Foot, price 60 marks, &c. (the colours of the rest being all expressed, and their prices.) Covenanting to pay the price, or prices of any of those Horses, which might happen to be lost in that service.

In 22 Edw. 1. he had (amongst others) command Rot. Vascon. 22 E. 1. m. • . to be at Po •• mouth, upon the first of September, well accoutred with Horse and Armes, to attend the King into Gascoin • . And in 25 Edw. 1. wasMS. Oxon. K. 84. f. 79. b. one of the Lords that met at Montgomery, to consider of that demand which the King then made; viz. that they should attend him in his Expedition beyond Sea, at their own proper charge: which they refused to do, by reason of the great expences they had formerly been at, in his service in Wales, and Scotland. And, having been broughtMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 30. & 40 Esc. 32 • . 1. n. 63. up in the Kings Court, about the time that the Warr betwixt King Edward and the Welch first broke out; he was somewhat suspectedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 30. & 40 Esc. 32 • . 1. n. 63. of wishing well to Leweline, in regard of his near alliance to him. To clear himself therefore of that doubt, he ever the more earnestly endeavored Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 30. & 40 Esc. 32 • . 1. n. 63. the suppression of those Welch Incursions; in which being alwayes very active, it was at length his fate to be mortally wounded Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 30. & 40 Esc. 32 • . 1. n. 63. in Battle at Buelt; and to dieMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 30. & 40 Esc. 32 • . 1. n. 63. of those hurts in Wigmore Castle: whereupon he had Sepulture Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 30. & 40 Esc. 32 • . 1. n. 63. in the Abby there, with his Ancestors: leaving issue five Sons; viz. Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 224. a. n. 50. Roger his Son and Heir, thenEsc 32 E. 1. ut supra. eighteen years of age, Iohn, Hugh Rector of the Church of Old Radnor, Walter Rector of Kingstone, and Edmund Rector of Hodner, as also Treasurer of the Cathedral at York: And three Daughters; viz. Mon. Angl. ut supra. Maude Wife of Theobald de Verdon; and Ioane, and Elizabeth Nuns at Lyngbroke. Which Iohn, being SlainIbid. n. 60. in a Tournament at Worcester, 3 Non. Ian. ann. 1318 (12 Edw. 2.) by Iohn de Leyburne (being not above eighteen years of age, and notIbid. n. 60. able to weild his Lance, unhappily runIbid. n. 60. it into his Belly) was buriedIbid. n. 60. at Wigmore.

Upon the death of this last mentioned Lord Edmund, Margaret his Widow, besidesClaus. 3 • E. 1 m. 2. the Castle and Mannor of Bruggewater, and Mannor of Odecambe in Com. Somerset. the Mannors of Kingstone, Erlestone, Pembrugge, and Orleton, in Com. Heref. whereof she had been formerly enfeoftClaus. 3 • E. 1 m. 2., joyntly with him; hadClaus. 3 • E. 1 m. 2. for her better support, the Castle and Town of Radnor, with the Hamlets of Harpeton, Donyton, Walton, Cascope, Clandestre, and Presthemede, in Comitat. Heref. the third part of the Mannor of Crendon, in Com. Buck. certain Lands in Beaulieu, and Inkebergh, in Com Wigorn. as also in Aure, in Comitat. Gloucest. the Mannors of Knighton, and Pulli • , with the Hamlet of Akhull, in Com. Salop. the Castle of Knoklas, in the Cantred of Melenith; and likewiseIbid. the Town and Site of the old Castle of Radnor, in the Commot of Warthreynon, together with that Commot, assignedIbid. m. 4. unto her. And in 34 Edw. 1. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 34 E. 1. n. 23. for a weekly Market at her said Mannor of Kingstone, upon the Saturday; as also a Fair upon the Eve andday of St. Michael, and two days ensuing. And in 11 Ed. 2. was chargedClaus. 11. E. 2. m. 23. with providing an hundred men for the Warrs in Scotland, out of her Lands of Kery, and Warthrenon.

I now come to Roger, Roger. Son and Heir to the last Lord Edmund.

The wardship of this Roger (he beingMon. Ang. Vol 2. 224. b. n. 10. of the age of sixteen years and three months, at his Fathers death (viz. 31 Edw. 1.) was, by the King grantedMon. Ang. Vol 2. 224. b. n. 10. to Pi • rs de Gaveston; so that, to redeem himself, and thereby to obtain liberty to marry where he pleased, he gaveMon. Ang. Vol 2. 224. b. n. 10. to Piers, two thousand five hundred marks; and thereupon took to WifeMon. Ang. Vol 2. 224. b. n. 10. Ioane the Daughter of Peter de Genevill, Son of Geffrey de Gennevill, Lord of Trim in Ireland.

This Roger receivedComp. eustodis magnae Garderodae de eodem ann▪ the Order of Knighthood in 34 E. 1. (with Edward then Prince of Wales, and above three hundred more, in a most solemn manner, by Bathing, and other sacred Ceremonies) and the same year, attended Rot Scoc. • 34 E. 1. m. 2. the King in that Expedition then made into Scotland, but departedR • t. Fin. 34 E. 1. m. 2. thence without leave; by reason whereof the Sheriffs of Gloucester, UUorcester, Hereford, Salop, and Stafford, were commandedR • t. Fin. 34 E. 1. m. 2. to seize his Lands. Howbeit the year next following at the instance of Q. Margaret he had pardon for that transgression, and restitution of them.

In 3 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 3 E. 2. m. 7. again in the Warrs of Scotland: and the same year,Rot. Fin. 3 E. 2. m. 7. constituted Governor of the Castle of Bu • lt, in Brecknockshire.

In 6 Edw. 2. he had an assignationClaus. 6 E. 2. m. 9. of fifty pounds, in recompence of his expences in the Kings service in Gascoine. And in 7 Ed. 2. wasRot. Scoc. 7 E 2. m. 1. again in the Scottish Warrs. So likewise, • laus. 8 • . 2. in dorso, m. 9. in 8 E. 2. andRot, Scoc. 10 E 2. m. 8. 10 Edw. 2. in which tenth year he was constitutedPat. 10 • . 2. p. 1. m. 8. the Kings Li • utenant of Ireland, and Governor of that Realm.

Being thus made Justice of Ireland, he landed • hron. frat • is Ioh. 〈◊〉 . at Yohill, in Easter week 11 Edw. 2. with thirty eight Knights; and made • hron. frat • is Ioh. 〈◊〉 . two Knights, upon his first arrival there. And getting to his assistanceIbid. Iohn de Bermingham, and Sir Nicholas de Verdon, Knight: banished all of the name of Lacy, out of that Realm; forcing Ibid. them into Scotland; and the year following, KnightedIbid. the said Iohn de Bermingham.

In 12 Edw. 2, he wasRot. Scoc. 12 E. 2. m▪ 13. again in the Warrs of Scotland.

About this time, there havingRot. Rom▪ 12 E 2. m. 9. been great differences betwixt Guy de Beaucamp, Earl of Warwick, then lately deceased, and this Roger concerning certain Lands lying in the Marches of Wales, the Bishop of Hereford, wrote Rot. Rom▪ 12 E 2. m. 9. his Letters to the Pope, for a Dispensation of marriage for Thomas de Beaucamp, then Earl of Warwick, (Son to the said Guy) and a Daughter of this Roger: which Marriage afterwards took effect.

In this year also, Iohn his Brother DiedRot Fin 〈◊〉 E. 2 m. 5., whereupon he had Livery of the Mannors of Bromsgrave, and Norton, in Comit. Wigorn. as his next heir; which Lordships were granted Cart. 11 E. 2. n. 6. the same year to the same Iohn, and his Heirs, in Fee-farme, for ten pounds per annum, to be paid into the Exchequer.

The same year he was likewise made Justice Pat. 12 E. 2. p. 2. m. 23. of Ireland.

About this time also, in aydMon Ang Vol 2. 〈◊〉 . b n. 30. of Sir Iohn de Cherleton, Knight (LordMon Ang Vol 2. 〈◊〉 b n. 30. Powis, in • ight of Hawyse his Wife,) whose marriage King Edward had grantedMon Ang Vol 2. 〈◊〉 b n. 30. to him; he armedMon Ang Vol 2. 〈◊〉 b n. 30. himself and his followers against Griffin Vncle to Hawyse, who had Invaded Powys-land with great forces, and done excessive spoil there, and after much toyl and trouble, compelledIbid. Griffin to submit; whereupon the said Iohn and Hawyse did peacably enjoyIbid. that territory. And, having so done, he marriedIbid. Maude his Daughter to Iohn, Son and Heir to the same Iohn and Hawyse.

Moreover, in remunerationIbid 214. b. n 40. of his labour and costs, in thus regaining Powys-land, he obtained Ibid 214. b. n 40. from the said Iohn and Hawyse, the Inheritance of certain Lands in Powys; as also all the Forest of U • heldre, betwixt the Rivers of Ryw, and Elegy, which lay adjacent to his Lordship of Kedewyn.

In 14 E. 2. he sealed to certain Covenants • laus 14 E. 2 in • orso, m 9., at Wigmore, with Edmund le Botiller, of Ireland, for a marriage betwixt Roger his Son, and Ioane the Daughter of the said Edmund; viz. that he the said Roger, should thereupon be enfeossed of all his Castles and Lands in Ireland, to the use of himself, and her during their lives; and afterwards to his Heirs male. Whereupon this Roger was to receive a thousand pounds Sterling, for the portion of the said Ioane.

BeingMon Ang. ut supra. n. 40. a person stout and bold, in this fourteenth year of Edward the Second observingMon Ang. ut supra. n. 40., that Hugh le Despencer the younger (then the Kings Chamberlain and chief favorite) hadMon Ang. ut supra. n. 40. in right of Alianore his Wife, one of the three Sisters and Coheirs of Gilbert de Clare Earl of Gloucester, the third partMon Ang. ut supra. n. 40. of that Earldom, then valued at five thousand marks per annum: And not content therewith, thirstingMon Ang. ut supra. n. 40. after the rest which belonged to the two other Sisters, with Armed Forces InvadedMon Ang. ut supra. n. 40. the Countrey of Glamorgan: In opposition to him, he associated Ibid. n. 60. Videsis etiam H. Knighton 25 • 9. Et MS. Ox • n. in bibl. Bo • l. [K. 84.] • . 98. a. himself with Humfrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford, and his Uncle Sir Roger de Mortimer of Chirke, and tookIbid. n. 60. Videsis etiam H. Knighton 25 • 9. Et MS. Ox • n. in bibl. Bo • l. [K. 84.] • . 98. a. Caerdifte; subjectingIbid. n. 60. Videsis etiam H. Knighton 25 • 9. Et MS. Ox • n. in bibl. Bo • l. [K. 84.] • . 98. a. all the Countrey thereabout to his command; and moreover carriedIbid. n. 60. Videsis etiam H. Knighton 25 • 9. Et MS. Ox • n. in bibl. Bo • l. [K. 84.] • . 98. a. Sir George Gorges Knight, Governor of Caerdiffe Castle, Prisoner to Wigmore.

And, not long after, being informedMon. Angl. ut supra, 225. a. that the Castle of • ionne, with all the Lands and Honor thereto belonging, were his own by right▪ he entredMon. Angl. ut supra, 225. a. upon them, and took FealtyMon. Angl. ut supra, 225. a. of the Tenants (of which Lands, with all other belonging to Edmund Fitz-Alan Earl of Arundell, (afterwards condemned for Treason at Hereford) he thenceforth obtainedMon. Angl. ut supra, 225. a. a grant from King Edward the third.)

The same year also (viz. 14 Edw. 2.) joyning Ibid. n. 10. • 20. Videsis etiam, Lel. coll V • l. p. 666. H. 〈◊〉 2539. n. 3 • . MS 〈◊〉 ut supra, f 99. • . with Thomas Earl of Lancaster, Humfrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford, and other the then discontented Barons; he marchedIbid. n. 10. • 20. Videsis etiam, Lel. coll V • l. p. 666. H. 〈◊〉 2539. n. 3 • . MS 〈◊〉 ut supra, f 99. • . with them towards London (they being all cloathed in Green, but their right hands Yellow) and exacted Ibid. the Oaths almost of all the Bishops and Peers of the Realm, to assist them in reforming the Government, and to bring the Spencers to Justice. Howbeit, findingIbid. the Kings strength to be at that time such, as that they were not like to succeed; he and his Uncle Roger, by perswasion Ibid. of the Earl of Pembroke, and promise Ibid. of Favor, yeilded themselvesIbid. to the King; who notIbid. n. 30. thinking it fit to put any trust in that their feigned submission, committedIbid. n. 30. them both to the Tower of London. Where this Roger, having intelligenceIbid. n. 30., that he was like to suffer Death (after he had been Prisoner for a year and an half) by mediationIbid. n. 30. of his Uncle (who had obtained his liberty) got looseIbid. n. 30., as some say: But others affirm 〈…〉 , that hearing the King had a purpose to take away his Life, he made a Banquet for Sir Stephen de Segrave (then Constable of the Tower) and giving him a Soporiferous drink, escaped 〈…〉 with a Cord, by the means 〈…〉 of one Gerard de Alspath, his Keeper; and so got into France, where he had 〈…〉 a very honorable reception: and that afterwards, 〈…〉 in memory of this deliverance, he caused 〈…〉 a Chappel to be built, in honor of St. Peter, in the outer Ward of Ludlow Castle, for one Priest to celebrate Divine Service perpetually therein.

Upon which escape, the King forthwith dispatched his precepts 〈…〉 to the Seneschall of Gascoin, and Constable of Burdeaux, to make diligent search for him; and to keep him Prisoner, in cafe he could be found within their liberties. The likeClaus. 17 E. 2. in Dorso. m. 40. Precepts he also sent to all the Sheriffs of England, and Bailiffs of the Sea-Ports, to levy Hue and Cry, as also to make search for him; and to take him dead or alive. And not finding him, causedClaus. 17 E. • . m. 15. Margaret his Wife to be sent Prisoner to the Castle of Skipton in Craven; allowingClaus. 17 E. • . m. 15. her only one Waiting-woman, an Esquire, a Laundress, a Groom, and a Page: there to be kept by Iohn de Rithre Constable of that Castle, andClaus. 17 E. • . m. 15. no more then thirteen shillings and fourpence a day, for the expence of her selfe, and those her servants, in the journey; and thirteen shillings and four pence a week, for their maintenance there; as also ten marks per annum for Apparrel. And, at the same time conveyedIbid. her three Daughters to be safe kept in three several Nunneries; viz, Ibid. Margaret to Shouldham, in Norfolk; Ioane, to Semplingham in Lincolneshire; and Isabel to Chiksa • d in Bedfordshire.

Being 〈…〉 thus in France with the Queen and Prince (together with Edmund Earl of Kent, and many other of the English Nobility) King Edward the second caused 〈…〉 sentence of Banishment to be proclaimed against them, throughout all the Counties of England; with promise 〈…〉 of a thousand pounds, to whomsoever should bring unto him the Body of this Roger dead or alive. And having so done; by corrupting T. Wals. ut supra. Mon. Ang. ut supra. the King of France, with Money, obtainedT. Wals. ut supra. Mon. Ang. ut supra. his word to send them all as Captives into England.

But advertisementIb. n. 60. T. Wals. ut supra of this designe being brought to the Queen; sheIb. n. 60. T. Wals. ut supra privately got thence to William Earle of Henault (with all those Nobles) and contractedIb. n. 60. T. Wals. ut supra a marriage for Prince Edward her Son, and Philippa Daughter of that Earl. By which means having all the Ayd he could give her, sheIb. n. 60. T. Wals. ut supra made Sail with speed for England. Whereat the King (upon Tidings thereof) was so astonished, that he forthwith fledIbid. (with both the Spencers, and other his Parasites) unto the Mountainous parts of Glamo • gan in Wales.

The Scene being thus wonderfully changed, this Roger wasRot. Pin. 20. E 2. m. 2. Co • p. Custodis magnae 〈◊〉 de anno 20 E 2. first made Governor of the Castle of Denbeigh: and uponCo • p. Custodis magnae 〈◊〉 de anno 20 E 2. the Coronation of Prince Edward (whom the Nobles advanced to the Throne in his Fathers stead) by means of his interest with Queen Isabel, bearing the cheifest sway; caused t his three Sons, viz. Edmund, Roger, and Geffrey, to be made Knights at that solemnity. And soon after marriedT. Wals. in ann 〈…〉 p. 109. n. 10. two of his Daughters unto the Sons of these great men; viz. Beatrix to Edward) the Son of Thomas of Brotherton Earl of Norfolk, and Marshall of England; and Agnes to the Son and Heir of Iohn Lord Hastings.

Which being done, he got a PardonPat. 1 E. 3. p. 1. m. 32. to himself, for breaking Prison, out of the Tower of London, in 18 E. 2. And before the end of that year, wentRot. Scoc. 1 E. 3. m. 5. into Scotland, in that Expedition then made thither. Moreover, in confideration Cart. 1 E. 3. n. 18. Pat. 2 • . 3. p. 2. m. 16. per Inspex. of Lands, to the value of a thousand pounds per annum, which ('tis said in the grant) were promised him by the King; he obtained in the same year a PatentCart. 1 E. 3. n. 18. Pat. 2 • . 3. p. 2. m. 16. per Inspex. in Fee of the Castles of Denbegh in Wales, late Hugh Spencers the elder, attainted: as also of the Castles of Oswaldeshe, Shrawerdyne, and Clonn • , with the Mannors of Ryton, Wroxestre, and Conede, in Comit, Salop, of the Mannor of Cheping-Norton, in Com. Oxon, and all other the Castles, Mannors and Lands, which were Edmund Earl of A • undels attainted, in England and Wales, excepting the Mannors of Trouford, and Dun • am.

Furthermore, the year next following; scil. 2 Edw. 3 he was made JusticePat 2 E. 3. p. 2. m. 18. of Wales And in the Parliament begun, after the Quinzime of St. Michael, caused himself to be advanced T. Wals. in an. 1328. p. 110. to the Title of Earl of Marche. And the same year heldH. Knighton 2553. n. 50. a Round Table at Bedford.

After which, King Edward taking a Progress Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 225. n. 20. into the Marches of Wales, he was magnificently receivedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 225. n. 20. by this Roger, and treatedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 225. n. 20. with sumptuous entertainments, in his Castles of Ludlow and Wigmore: So likewiseMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 225. n. 20. in his Forests and Parks; as also, with great costs in Tiltings, and other Pastimes. Which, as it was then saidMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 225. n. 20., the King did not duly recompence.

But hereupon he waxed proudLel. coll. V • l. 1. 6 • 5., beyond measure, insomuch as his own Son Geffrey calledLel. coll. V • l. 1. 6 • 5. him the King of Folly. He also keptLel. coll. V • l. 1. 6 • 5. the Round Table of Knights in Wales, for a pride in imitation of King Arthur.

Other particulars of his haughtiness and insolence were these; viz. 〈…〉 that with Queen Isabel he caused a Parliament to be held at Northampton, where an unworthy Agreement was made with the Scots, and 〈◊〉 -Roll of Homage of Scotland, was traiterously delivered; as also the Black Cross, which King Edward the first brought into England, out of the Abby of S • one; and then accounted a precious Relique; That (with the Queen) he caused the young King to ride twenty four miles in one night, towards Bedford, to destroy the Earl of Lancaster, and his adherents; saying, Lel. coll. ut supra. that they imagined the Kings death. That he followed Queen Isabel to Nottingham, and lodgedIbid. 686. H Knighton, 25 • 3. n. 10. in one house with her. • That he commanded Ibid. 686. H Knighton, 25 • 3. n. 10. the Treasure of the Realm; and assumed Ibid. 686. H Knighton, 25 • 3. n. 10. the authority, which by common consent in Parliament, was conferred on Henry Earl of Lancaster, at the Kings Coronation: And, that he was one of those, who practisedLel. coll. Vol 1. 686. against the Kings Councel, for saying, that Edward of Caernarvon, was murthered by his means.

At which his demeanor, findingFroissard: ut supra, f. 113. a. that Edward Earl of Kent, (the Kings Uncle) was much offended, he informedFroissard: ut supra, f. 113. a. the King, that his Uncle had a designe to poyson him, to the end he might be King himself, as next heir to the Crown (Iohn of Eltham Earl of Cornwall, being newly dead) and likewise that he had designedH. Knighton 2555. n. 30. the escape of King Edward the second out of Prison; for which soon after he lost his life.

The truth is, this Mortimer bore such sway, that he got what he had a mind to, it is evident by these followinging grants, which he obtained for himself from the young King; viz. Cart. 4 E. 3. n. 64. the Castle and Mannor of Hanley, with the Chaces of Malverne, and Cors, in the Counties of Worcester and Gloucester. Likewise the townIbid. n. 84. of Wiche, in Com. Wigorn. AlsoPat. 4. E. 3. p. 1. m. 7. the Castle of Clifford, and Mannor of Glasebury, part of the Possessions of Hugh le Despenser the younger, then attainted.

AndCa • t. 4 E. 3. n. 71. to himself and Ioane his Wife, in Fee, divers ample Liberties and Jurisdictions, to be excercised at his Castle of Trim in Ireland▪ besidesIbid. n. 75. the inheritance of all the Territory of Danahmaine in Ireland, with very large priviledges thereto.

Moreover to Geffrey his Son, he procured a GrantCart. 4 E. 3. n. 67▪ of the Castle of Donnyngton, in Com. Leicest. as also the Mannors of Lechelade, and Sodington in Comit. Gloucest. the mannor of Wokking in Com. Surr. Byeby and Castre, in Com. Linc. Ashburne in the Peke, in Com. Derb. Ryhale, in Com. Roteland. and Kyneley, in Com. Wilts. late Edmund Earl of Kent's attainted; As alsoIbid. n. 71. the Wapentake of Rysley, in Com. Derb. the Wapentakes of Plumtre and Alreton, in Com. Norff. the Mannor of Reseby, in Com. Leic. andIbid. n. 36. Mannor of Alreton, with certain Lands in Drayton, in Com. North. likewise parcel of the Lands of the said Edmund; the remainder, for want of issue of him the said Geffrey, to him the said Roger, and his heirs.

But, not long after this, growing odiousH. Knighton 2555. n. 40. to the people, by these his Insolencies, and evil actings; the King was made sensibleIbid. n. 50. & 60. of the impending mischeif; and therefore, by the advice Ibid. n. 50. & 60. of his councel, at Nottingham, in the Quind. of St. Michael, taking into considerationPat. 5 E. 3. p. 1. m. 37. his own dishonor and damage, as alsoIbid. the impoverishment of his people; and revealingIbid. his mind privately to Sir William de Montacute, gave him immediate commandIbid., to take the assistance of some trusty persons, which he accordingly did (Lel. coll. Vol. 1. • 86. viz. Sir Humphrey de Bohun, and Sir William his Brother, Sir Ralph de Stafford, Sir William de Clinton, Sir Iohn de Nevile, of Hornby; Sir William Eland, Ann. 4. Ed. 3. and some others) and upon Friday 19 Octob. the morrow after the Feast of S. Luke, inH Knighton. 2556. n 10. Lel. Itin. Vol. 1. • 112. the dead time of the night, getting into the Castle by a way underH Knighton. 2556. n 10. Lel. Itin. Vol. 1. • 112. Ground, which through the Rock passeth with Stairs up to the Keepe (and still by reason of this his surprize, called Mortimers hole) entredH. Knighton. 2556. n 10. Lel. Itin. Vol. 1. • 112. a room (next to the Queens Lodging:) where findingH. H • ighton, ut supr. him with Henry Bishop of Lincoln, and some others, who madeLel. coll. Vol. 1. 687. • at. 5 E. 3. p. 1. m. 37. resistance, he slewLel. coll. Vol. 1. 687. • at. 5 E. 3. p. 1. m. 37. two of them; viz. Sir Hugh de Turpliton Knight (then Steward of the Kings House) and Iohn de Munmouth; for which he afterwards had pardon m; and took him thence, cheifly byLel. coll. Vol. 1. 686. Sir William Elands help.

And having him thus in his Custody; on the morrow after, seizedH. Knighton. ut supra. upon the rest of his adherents and followers, who lay in the Town; amongst which were twoH. Knighton. ut supra. of his Sons; viz. Sir Geffrey, and Sir Edmund, both Knights; who were all sentMS. Ox • n. ut supra [K. 84.] 104. to London with guards, there to be securedMS. Ox • n. ut supra [K. 84.] 104. till the Parliament, which was to begin upon the twenty seventh of November, next ensuing.

Whereupon preceptsRot. Fin. 4 E. 3. m. 15. bearing date 23 Octob. were directed to several persons, for the seizing of his Castles, Mannors, and Lands in Wales, (he being then under Arrest for several mesdemeanors, tending to the dammage of the K. and Kingdom (as the words therein did import) And within three dayes following, CommissionClaus. 4 E 3. m. 20. was granted to Iohn de Kingston, and others, to take an inventory of all his Treasure and Jewells in Wales, and the Marches, but not to carry away any thing out of the Wardrobe of Ioane his Wife, then at Ludlow, or that belonged to any of her Children or Servants.

Upon the meeting of which Parliament divers ArticlesT. Wals. p. 112. n. 3 • . H. Knighton. 〈◊〉 . n. 30. were exhibited against him; the Chief whereof were, in effect as followeth; viz.

1. That he was consenting to the murther of King Edward the second in Berkley Castle.

2. That he was an impediment to the Kings Honor at Stanhope Park, in restraining the English to fall upon the Scots.

3. That he had received twenty thousand pounds of the Scots, to give them leave to escape; and that he caused a dishonorable peace to be afterwards made with them, as also that unworthy contract of Marriage betwixt the Kings Sister, and David the Son of Robert de Brus.

4. That he had basely consumed the Kings treasure, and that of Hugh Despencer, after the Queens returne▪ so that the King was in a wanting condition.

5. That he had got the richest Wardships of England, into his hand: And,

6. That he was an evil Councellor to the King and the Queen-mother; and too familiar with her.

Whereupon the King commandingH. Knighton, 255 • . n. 40. the Earls and Barons, that just judgement should be done therein; they foundH. Knighton, 255 • . n. 40. him guilty of all; especially that touching the murther of King Edward the second; and gave sentenceRot. P • l. 4 E. 3. 〈◊〉 Th. Wa •• 112. n. 1 • , that he should be drawn and hanged.

Which being accordinglyH. Knighton, 255 • n. 50. executed at the common Gallows, called the Elmes, near Smithfield, upon the Eve of S. Andrew; his Body was permitted to hangH. Knighton, 255 • . n. 50. there two days and and two nights, naked; and then buryedStow • 〈◊〉 , 3 • 5. • . at the Gray-Friers in London; but many years after, translatedMS. 〈◊〉 ut supra. [K. 〈◊〉 .] 104. a. Ibid. to Wigmore.

Some particulars there are in this Story of his apprehension, which do not directy agree with what is related by our common Chroniclers: but this (with them) is not worthy observation; viz. d that this Judgement and Sentence, so passed upon him without ever being heard; as had formerly been practised in the case of Thomas Earl of Lancaster, at Pontfract; and after him the Despensers, and Edmund Earl of Kent, wherein 'tis well known he himself had a hand.

Being thus cut off, the Castle, Town, and Honor of Dynebegh, with the Cantreds of Ros, Reywynok, Kaermor, and Commot of Dymnach, (all forfeited by this his attainder) were upon the eighteenth of Ianuary following, bestowedClaus. 4 E. 3. m. 2. on the before specified Sir William de Montacute.

This great bu • unhappy Man, left issue four Sons; viz. Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 225. b. n. 20. Edmund his eldest Son (who had not the title of Earl of March, his Fathers attainder being not reversed in his time) 2. Sir Roger; 3. Sir Geffrey Lord of Cowyth; and Iohn slain in a Tournament at Shrewsbury: And seven Daughters; viz. Ibid. n. 30. & 40. Katherine Wife of Thomas de Beaucamp Earl of Warwick; Ioan married to Iames Lord Audley; Agnes to Lawrence de Hastings Earl of Pembroke; Margaret to Thomas Son and Heir of Maurice Lord Berkley; Maude to Iohn the Son and Heir of Iohn de Cherleton, Lord of Powys, Blanche to Peter de Grandison; and Beatrix, first to Edward Son and Heir to Thomas of Brotherton Earl Marshall of England, and afterwards to Sir Thomas de Braose.

Which Edmund Edmund. (withIbid. n. 50. his two Brothers Roger and Geffrey) was KnightedIbid. n. 50. by King Edward the third at the solemnity of his Coronation; and took to Wife 〈…〉 Elizabeth Daughter of Bartholomew Lord Badlesmere (commonly called the rich Lord Badlesmere of Ledes,) by whom he had issue 〈…〉 , two Sons, Roger, who succeeded him; and Iohn who died 〈…〉 in his Infancy.

This Edmund recovered 〈…〉 divers lands, setled at his Marriage, which upon the death of his Father were witheld; but died 〈…〉 in the flower of his youth at Stanton-Lacy, upon the 26 Kal. of Ian. anno 1331. (5 Edw. 3.) leaving Elizabeth his Wife surviving, who afterwards was married 〈…〉 to William de Bohun Earl of Northampton.

Which Elizabeth in 6 E. 3. had an assignation 〈…〉 of her dowry out of the Lands of her late Husband; viz. the Castle of Kentles, and Dominion of Melenyth, with the Commot of Duder, in the Marches of Wales: and died 〈…〉 in 30 E. 3. whereupon the third part of the Mannor of • rendone, in Comit. Buck. the Castle and Mannor of Kentles, and Cantred of Melenyth, the Mannor of Arleys in Comit. Staff. and Cleobury, in Com. Salop. then came 〈…〉 to Roger, her Son and heir,

Which Roger, though but three 〈…〉 years of age at his Fathers death; giving security 〈…〉 for the paiment of two hundred and fifty pounds per annum, during his minority, had a Grant 〈…〉 from the King in 15 Edw. 3. of the Castle of Radnor; as also of the Territories of Warthremoun, Prestemede, Knyghton, and Norton, in Wales, which were of his Inheritance. But during his minority his Castles of Knoklas, and Pulith (in the Marches of Wales) were committed 〈…〉 to William de Bohun Earl of Northampton, who had married his Mother. And the year next ensuing, though 〈…〉 he was not yet of full age, through the mediation Ibid. of that Earl, his Homage was accepted, Ibid. whereupon he had LiveryIbid. of the Castle of Wigmore.

In 20 Edw. 3. he attended 〈…〉 the King into France, to rescue those in Agu • lon; and being landed 〈…〉 with him at Hoggs, in Normandy, did there receive 〈…〉 the Honor of Knighthood (together with Prince Edward, and many other Honorable persons,) the more to encourage him to Fight for the rights of the English Crown. And the same year thoughClaus. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. 21. he had not made proof of his full age; yet in respect Claus. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. 21. of his laudable services, the King was pleased to take his HomageClaus. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. 21., and make LiveryClaus. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. 21. to him of all the rest of his Lands, exceptingClaus. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. 21. those which Elizabeth his Mother (then Wife of the before specified Earl of Northampton) held in Dower.

In 26 Edw. 3. uponRot. Fran. 26 E. 3. m. 7. another Expedition into France, he was chargedRot. Fran. 26 E. 3. m. 7. with forty men out of his Territories of Warthrymion, Radnor, and Wigmore. And in 28. Ed. 3. procured a CharterCart. 28 E. 3. n. 8. for a weekly Market every Munday, at his Lordship of Hamalhowe, in Comit. Southamp. as also a Fair yearly on Midsumer-day.

In which year likewise, in the Parliament held at Westminster, he obtainedRot. Parl. 28 E. 2. n. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Claus. 28 E. 3. m 22. H. Kn • ghton. 2607. n. 30. a reversall of the Judgement, given against his Grandfather Roger late Earl of Marche, as erroneous and utterly void (whereupon he thenceforth bore the title of Earl of Marche) and moreover had restitutionRot. Parl. 28 E. 2. n. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Claus. 28 E. 3. m 22. H. Kn • ghton. 2607. n. 30. of the Castles and Lordships of Blenl • veny, and Bulkedinas, whereof his said Grandfather had been formerly seized; as alsoRot. Parl. 28 E. 2. n. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Claus. 28 E. 3. m 22. H. Kn • ghton. 2607. n. 30. of all his other Lands, which by that forfeiture came to the Crown, and had been bestowed on Sir William de Montacute, afterwards created Earl of Salisbury.

And did the same year contractClaus. 28 E. 3. in dorso. m. 10. with Richard Earl of Arundell, that Edmund his Son and Heir should espouse Alice, one of the Daughters of that Earl; her portion being three thousand marks.

Upon which restoration, it was by inquisition Esc. 28 E. 31. n. 53. found; that the said Roger Earl of Marche, (so attainted as hath been shewed) died upon Munday next after the Feast of S. Catherine the Virgin; and that he was then seized of the Mannors of Stratfe •• e-Mortimer, and Woghfeld, as parcel of the Mannor of Wigmore; as also of the Mannor of Newbury, and Moitie of that Town, all in Com. Berks. Likewise of the Mannors of Clifton upon Temede, and Odingley, in Comit. Wigorn. of the Mannors of Noke, Mawrdyn, and Wyn •• eton, with the Advowson of the Church of Wynfreton, in Com. Hereford. of the Castle and Mannor of Nerberth, and the third part of the Town of S. Clier, with the Advowson of the Church, the third part of the Commots of Amgeyd and Pentunyok, and the third part of the town of 〈◊〉 in Com. Heref. Of the Castles and Dominions of Blenseveny and Bulkedinas, in the Marches of Wales; as also of the Castle and Mannor of Montgomery, with the Mannor and Hundred of Chirbury, in Com. Salop.

The next year following, this Roger (thus lately restored) was made ConstableRot. Fin. 29 E. 3. m. 10. of Dovor Castle, and Warden of the Cinque ports; and attendedRot Franc. 29 E. 3. m. 4. the King in his expedition then made into France.

In 30 Edw. 3 doing his Homage, he had Livery Rot. Fin. 30 E. 3. m. 5. of all the Lands of Ioane Countess of Marche, his Grandmother, who then departed thisRot. fin. 30 E. 3. m. 5. Life; viz. Rot. Fin. 30 E. 3. m. 5. of the Mannor of Stanton-Lacy, juxta Ludlow, the moity of the Mannor of Ludlow, and Advowson of the moity of the Church; as also the Castle of Ludlow, which she had by Inheritance, as Daughter and Heir to Peter de Genevill; of the Castle of Dolvareyn, and Territory of Redewyng in Wales; of the Mannors of Malmshall-Lacy, Wolfres • ow, Walkerstone; the moitie of the Town and Territory of Ewyas (part of the Lands of the said Peter de Genevill) the Mannors of Pembrugge, Kingestone, Orletone, Mawrdyne, and Wyntretone; he being then twenty eight years of age.

In 32 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 32 • . 3. m 7. again in the Warrs of France. So likewise inRot. Vascon. 33 E. 3. p. 2. • . m. 10. 33 Edwar. 3. in which 33. year he had LiveryRot. Fin. 33 E. 3. m. 8. of the Mannors of Erythe in Kent, and Drayton in Sussex, which then descendedIbid. to him upon the death of Elizabeth the Wife of Hugh le Despencer, Widow of Giles de Badlesmere; he being rightIbid. Heir to the said Giles (viz. Son of Elizabeth his Daughter and Heir.)

This is all that I have seen of him, till his death, which hapnedMS Oxon. ut supra, [K. 84.] 124. b. Lel. coll. Vol. 1. 826. upon the twenth sixth of February, 34 Edw. 3. at Ronera in Burgundy, he being then CommanderMon. A • g. Vol. 2. 226. a n 40. & 5 • . of the English Forces there; whence he was brought over into England, and buriedMon. A • g. Vol. 2. 226. a n 40. & 5 • . in the Abby of Wigmore, with his Ancestors: being then seized Esc. 34 E. 3. n. 98. T. Wal • . in ann. 1359. p. 167. of the Mannor of Finmere, in Com. Oxon. Swanescompe, and Erythe in Kent; Drayton in Sussex; the Castle of Bruggewalter; the Bal • wick of the Forest of North-Pederton, Exmore, Noreethe, Chiche, and Mynedepe; with the Warren of Somerton; as also the Mannors of Milverton, and Otecombe, all in Com. Somers. of the Mannor of Areley, in Com. Staff. Stanton-Lacy, Lentwardyne, and Town of Knighton, in Com. Salop. of the Cantreds of Kery, and Kedewyne, in the Marches of Wales; of the Castle and Lordship of Montgomery, the Hundred of Chirbury, in Com. Salop. of the Castle of Dynebegh, the Commots of Ros, Rowenok, Kemergh, and Dunmaill, in the Marches of Wales; of the Town of Ludlow, the Mannor of Cleabury-Mortimer, Huggeleye, Ernewode, the Castle of Dolvareyn, with the new Town and Cantred of Kedeweng, and Commot of Kery, of the Mannor of Oddyngley, in Com. Wigorn. the Mannors of Byseleye, and Winston, in Com Glouc. the Castle and Mannor of Radnor, in the Marches of Wales; the Commots of W • rthreynon, and Comotryder, the Mannors of Presthemed, Notton, the Castle of • eventles, with the Cantreds of Melenyth, Pullit, and Knoklas; the moytie of the Lordship of Ewyas; the Castle and Cantred of Buelth; the Lordships of Nerberth, and Blenleveny, in Wales, and the Marches; the Mannors of Stratfeild-Mortimer, Wokefeld, and Newbirie, in Comitat. Berk. besides divers other Lands and Lordships in Comitat. Heref.

And, thoughClaus. 34 E. 3 m. 33. his Body had Sepulture in the Abby of Wigmore; yet wasClaus. 34 E. 3 m. 33. there a solemne Obsequie kept for him in the Royal-Chapel at Windsore, the King assigningIbid. a Cloath of Gold, called Ba • dekyn out of his great Wardrobe for the Celebrating thereof.

This Roger, by Philippa his Wife, Daughter Mon. A • Vol. 2. 226. • . n. 〈◊〉 . & 50. Ca • al. of Nob. by R. 〈◊〉 of William de Montacute Earl of Salisbury, had issueMon. A • Vol. 2. 226. • . n. 〈◊〉 . & 50. Ca • al. of Nob. by R. 〈◊〉 two Sons; viz. Roger, who diedMon. A • Vol. 2. 226. • . n. 〈◊〉 & 50. Ca • al of Nob by R. 〈◊〉 in his life time; and Edmund who succeededMon. A • Vol. 2. 226. • . n. 〈◊〉 . & 50. Ca • al. of Nob. by R. 〈◊〉 him in his Lands and Honors; and two Daughters, viz. Margaret the Wife of Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford; and Margery the Wife of Iohn Lord Audley.

Which Philippa surviving him, had for her Dowry an assignationClaus. 34 • . 3. m. 24. of the Mannor of Stanton-Lacy in Com. Salop. the Castle, Town, and Lordship of Montgomerie, with the Hundred of Chirbury in the Marches of Wales; the castle of Dolvareyn, with the new Town and Cantred of Kedewyng; as also the Commot of Kery in Wales; the Mannors of Cleobury, Bealeu, Ernewode, and Huggeley, in Com. Salop. the Mannor of Arleye, in Comitat. Staff. Orletone, Erestane, Wolfrelowe, Marcle, Wynfreton, and Mawardyn, in Comit. Heref. the Castle and Lordship of Nerberth, with the Mannor and Lordship of Pullythe in Wales; as also of the Mannors of Bruggewalter, Milverton, and Odecumbe, with the Castle and Town of Bruggewalter in Comitat. Somerset.

And by her TestamentCourt ••• f 189. • . bearing Date 21 Nov. 4 R. 2. bequeathed her Body to be Buried in the conventual Church of the Holy Trinity, in the Priorie of Bustlesham-Montag • . And for the charge of her Funeral, with a certain distribution to poor People; viz. in Mourning-Garments for an Hundred men of all degrees; as also for a Trentall (the thirtieth day after her death) and for the entertainment of her Family until the Funeral, an hundred and sixty pounds. And likewise two hundred pounds to the Fabrick of that Church to the intent her Anniversary should be there kept for ever. After which viz. upon the Nones of Ianuary ann. 5 R. 2. she departed this life, and was buried at Bustlesham, accordingly.

This Edmund Edmund. being 〈…〉 born at Langonith, upon Candlemas-Eve, anno 1351. (25 Edw. 3.) and Consequently under age at his Father death: yet by reason 〈…〉 of his singular Knowledge and Parts, he was imployed 〈…〉 at eighteen years of age, to treat with the Commissioners of the King of France, touching a peace betwixt both Realmes. And, having so well performed that trust, was sent x into Scotland, upon the like occasion. In which treaties he merited so highly; that the King forthwith made choiceIbid. 〈…〉 of him, to be one of his Privy-Councel.

Not long after this, he took to WifeClaus. 4 • E. 3. m. • . Philippa the Daughter and heir to Leonel Duke of Clarence: and in 43 E. 3. makingIbid. proof of her age, had LiveryIbid. of the Lands of her Inheritance. In which year he wasRot. 〈◊〉 43 E. 3. 〈◊〉 in that Expedition then made into France. So likewise inRot. 〈◊〉 46. E. • m. • 0. 46 Edw. 3. being then in WardRot. 〈◊〉 46. E. • m. • 0. to William Bishop of Winchester, and Richard Earl of Arundell; and in the same year, had Livery 〈…〉 of his own Lands, doing his Homage, though 〈…〉 he had not yet accomplished his full age.

In 49 Ed. 3 (with 〈…〉 the Earles of Warwick, Stafford, and other English Nobles) he was Ibid. in that Expedition then made into Britanny, for the assistance of Iohn de Montfort the Duke, in his military affaires there; and took 〈…〉 the Castle of St. Matthews, in those parts, by force.

In this year, bearingEx autog. penès W. P • ermont de Thoresby in Comit. No • ff. ar. these titles; viz. Earl of March, and Uister, Lord of Wigmore, Clare, and Connact, and Marshall of England, he gaveEx autog. penès W. P • ermont de Thoresby in Comit. No • ff. ar. his Mannor of Chailmarsh, in Comitat. Salop. to the Abbot and Covent of Wigmore, and their successors for ever; to find a Secular Priest, continually resident in the Church of Lentwardyn, but not beneficed, to sing Mass daily for the Soul of Roger his Father, Philippa his Mother; as also for the Souls of his Children, and the Souls of all his Ancestors, and Heirs, to be presented to the Bishop of Hereford, for the time being, as Diocesan; and by him to be instituted to that Chantrie, paying him for his Sallery ten marks per annum, at Michaelmass, and Easter, by even portions.

In 1 R. 2. he was also madeTh. Wals. p. 197. one of the Privy Councell to that King. And the same year, by his LettersPat. 6 R. 2. p. 1. m. 29. per Inspex. Patent, bearing date at London 1. Novemb. in consideration of the good service done and to be done, by Iohn Othelake, his Servant; whom he had Constituted his Herauld at Armes, by the name of March, gave him a yearly Rent of twenty Nobles, to be received out of his Mannor of Worthy-Mortimer, in Comit. Southamp. at the Feast of Easter and S. Michael, by even portions. And in May following, was joyned in CommissionRot. Scoc. 1 R. 2. m. 1. with the Bishop of Hereford, the Lord Latimer, and others, to reform all and singular abuses done by any of the English towards the Scots, contrary to the form of the Truce, made by King Edward the third of England, and David de Bruys of Scotland.

Moreover, in • R. 2. he was again put in Commission Rot. Scoc. 2 R. 2. m. 2. with the same Bishop of Hereford, the Earl of Northumberland, and others; to treat with the Commissioners of Robert King of Scotland, for an amicable peace betwixt both Realms.

In 3 R. 2. he gavePat. 3 R. 2. p. 1. m. 2. his Mannor of Chelmarsh, called Nethercourt, in Comit. Salop. to the said Abbot and Covent of Wigmore, to find two Secular Priests, to celebrate Divine Service daily in the Church of that Abby, for the Souls of Roger his Father, Philippa his own Wife, and of Philippa his Mother; as also for the good estate of himself, during this Life, and the health of his Soul after his departure hence, according to such order and form, as should be directed by the Bishop of Hereford.

In the same year also, he wasPat. 3 R. 2. p. • . m. 29. constituted the Kings Lieutenant of Ireland; and accordingly wentIbid. m. 3. thither, there to make his abode: and so tamedLel. coll. Vol. 1. 335. the Barbarousness of that rude people, by destroyingLel. coll. Vol. 1. 335. ten or eleven of their petty Kings, within the space of half a year; that he regainedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 226. b. • . 60. almost all his Lands in Ulster, which the Irish had for a long time enjoyed: and proceeding farther into that Country; what with his prudent conduct, affability to the Natives, kindness, and eloquent expressions; that within two years and an half, he reducedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 226. b. • . 60. all those parts to obedience: causing divers Oakes of an extraordinary length to be sentIbid 227. a. into Ireland from his Woods of Pennalt in the Territory of Uske in Wales; wherewith he framed a strong BridgeIbid., with purpose to set over the River of Banne, near to the Town of Kolleroth, which was a principal Harbor for the Rebells: At both ends whereof, he raised a fortIbid. (besides one in the midst) to the end it might beIbid. a safeguard to himself and his own Souldiers, and an effectual destruction to the Enemy.

But drawing now near his death; after he had T. Wals. in an. 5 R. • p. 301. n. 10. with great wisdom governed there for the space of almost three years; andT. Wals. in an. 5 R. • p. 301. n. 10. well nigh reduced that Realm to quiet; I shall here take notice, that, by his last Will and Testament Courtney. • . 188. • . bearing date at Dynebegh (in Wales) about the time of his going over; he bequeathed his Body to sepulture, with the Body of his Wife, then deceased, in the Conventual Church at Wigmore, on the left hand the high Altar: appointing only five Tapers to burn about his Body during the time of the Service of Burial. To the Fabrick of the Church, he also bequeathed a thousand pounds, to be imployed in the structure thereof, according to the discretion of his Mother, and his Executors. To Roger his Son and Heir, he gave his Cup of Gold (with a cover) called Benesoun; and his Sword adorned with Gold, which was the good King Edwards; as also the great Horn of Gold, together with Gods Blessing and his own: with special direction, that they should all remain to his said Sons next Heir; and so to the Heirs of his Family for ever. Likewise his great Bed of black Sattin, embroidred with White Lions and Roses of Gold, with Escocheons of the Armes of Mortimer and Vlvester; and all the furniture of that Chamber. Moreover he thereby bequeathed to him his lesser Horn of Gold, with the Strings. Appointing also; that, if his said Son should depart this Life before his full age, and without heir of his Body begotten, that then all those Legacies should go to his Son Edmund, according to the same tenor. To his Daughter Elizabeth he gave his Saltseller, in the form of a Dogg. To Philippa his Daughter a Coronet of Gold, with ... and twenty great Pearles. To his Brother the Earl of Northumberland, his Cup of a Tortois: And to Henry Lord Percy his Son, his little Cup, made like the body of a Hart, with the head of an Eagle.

It is saidMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 227. • . n. 10, & 20. by a Monk of Wigmore; that, before he went out of England, having setled divers Lands in Radnor, Kingestone, Pembrugge, and elsewhere, to the yearly value of two thousand marks, for reedifying the Church at Wigmore Abby (the old Church being ruinous and not uniform) and performing other works of Piety, and Charity; he laid the first stone in that Fabrick with his own hands, being then habited in his vestments of State. Moreover that he obtainedIbid. n. 30. this Priviledge for the Abbots of that Monastry; viz. that they should thenceforth celebrate Divine Service there, with Miter, Staff, and Dalmatick, and other pastorall Ensignes; all which he provided for them; and purchasedIbid n. 40. divers choice Reliques, which he gave to that House: And thatI • id. n. 50. upon his last departure thence, he most humbly, with tears, desired the prayers of that Covent; promising upon his return from Ireland, to appropriate the Churches of Kingestone, Pembrugge, and Kadnore, and likewise the priory of Stoke, thereunto; resolvingIbid. to forsake the World, and there end his daies, in the habit of a Canon Regular.

But this great Earl, after he had done such notable feats in Ireland, as I have already intimated; by taking coldMS. Oxon. ut supra, [K 84.] • . 153. a. in passing a great River there, departedMS. Oxon. ut supra, [K 84.] • . 153. a. this Life at Corke, upon Friday the Feast day of S. Iohn the Evangelist, in Christmas, ann. 1381. (5 R. 2.) in the twenty ninth year of his age: whereupon his body was, for the present, depositedMS. Oxon. ut supra, [K 84.] • . 153. a. in a certain Cathedral there, by his own special direction, untill the Flesh should be consumed: and then his Bones to be translatedMS. Oxon. ut supra, [K 84.] • . 153. a. to Wigmore, and honorably entombed with the Lady Philippa his Wife, which was accordingly performed, and this Epitaph Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 227. b. n. 10. over him. Vir constans, gratus, sapiens, benè nuper amatus; Nunc nece prostratus, sub marmore putret humatus. Hic jacet Edmundus moriens Corke corpore mundus; Sisque pius Christe sibi, quem lapis opprimit iste. As also thisIbid. for her; Nobilis hîc tumulata jacet Comitissa Philippa, Actibus haec nituit larga, benigna fuit. Regum sanguis erat, morum probitate vigebat Compaciens inopi, vivit in arce Coeli.

This Edmund, byIbid. n. 50. & 60. Elizabeth, the Mother of the Lady Philippa his Wife (DaughterIbid. n. 50. & 60. and Heir to William de Burgh, Son and Heir to Iohn de Burgh Earl of Ulster, by Elizabeth his Wife, third Sister and Coheir to Gilbert de Clare, called the Red, who was the last Earl of Gloucester,) enjoyedIbid. n. 50. & 60. the third part of that Earldom of Gloucester; scil Clace, Walsingham, Sudbury, Crambourne, Pymperne, Knolles, Berdeford, and Whadden, in England; Uske, Trillet, and Caerleon, in Wales; and by the said William, the County of Ulster, and Dominion of Comiaght in Ireland.

And had issue by her the said Philippa two Sons; viz. Ibid. 228. a. n. 30. Roger his Son and Heir, and Sir Edmund Mortimer Knight, taken PrisonerIbid. b. n. 30. in a Skirmish, by Owen Glendow • , upon the Mountain, called Brynglase, near Knighton in Melenyth, upon the Feast day of S. Alban the Martyr, 4 H. 4.

He had also issueIb. 228. a. n. 30. by her, two Daughters; viz. Elizabeth the Wife of Henry Percy Son and Heir to the Earl of Northumberland; and Philippa, first marriedIb. 228. a. n. 30. to ... de Hastings Earl of Pembroke; secondly toIb. 228. a. n. 30. Richard Earl of Arundell; and lastlyIb. 228. a. n. 30. to Iohn Lord St. Iohn.

Which Roger Roger. was bornIbid. n. 50. at Usk, 3 Id. Apr. (being the Feast day of S. Guthlake the Confessor, anno 1384. (48 Edw. 3.) and was there baptizedIbid. n. 50. upon the Sunday following, by William Bishop of Hereford, havingIbid. n. 50. to his Godfathers Roger Bishop of Landaff, and Thomas Horton Abbot of Gloucester; and the Prioress of Uske to his Godmother.

At his Fathers death, being but elevenIbid. & n. 60. years of age, his Wardship was sold 〈…〉 by the King unto Richard Earl of Arundel, with purpose that he should marry his Daughter.

And when he came of age, by the careMon. A • g. ut supra. of those, who had the government of his estate, foundMon. A • g. ut supra. all his Castles and Houses well in repair, and amply stored with rich furniture. So likewise his demesnes fully stocked and stored with Cattle; and in his TreasuryMon. A • g. ut supra., no less than forty thousand marks.

But afterwards King Richard the second at the instanceIb. 229. • . Autogr. penès W. Pierpont, a • m. of his Mother (the Princess of Wales,) gaveIb. 229. • . Autogr. penès W. Pierpont, a • m. his Wardship from the Earl of Arundell, unto Thomas Holland Earl of Kent, to the intent, that he should marry Alianore the Daughter of the said Thomas (neice unto the K.) which he accordingly didIb. 229. • . Autogr. penès W. Pierpont, a • m..

This Roger beingMon. Ang. ut supra, n. 10. a hopeful youth, and every way accomplished, was shortly after his Fathers death (viz. 14 Ian. 5 R. 2.) madeMon. Ang. ut supra, n. 10. Lieutenant of Ireland; and in the Parliament held 9 R. 2. (by reason of his descent from Leonell Duke of Clarence,) was declaredLel. coll. Vol. 1. 693. heir apparent to the Crown of this Realm.

In 17 R. 2. doing his Homage, had livery Claus. 17 R. 2. m. 15. of all his Lands; and was then reteinedClaus. 17 R. 2. m. 15. to serve the King during his life; and the same year, withT. Wals. 386. n. 10. the Duke of Gloucester, and Earls of Northampton, and Rotland, followedT. Wals. 386. n. 10. the King into Ireland; having then of his retinueEx ipso autogr. penès Cleric. pell. an hundred men at Armes, whereof two were Banarets, eight Knights, two hundred Archers on Horseback, and four hundred Archers on Foot. In 19 R. 2. he had a special Commission Pat. 19 R. • . p. 2. m. 7. of Lieutenancy, for the Provinces of Ulster, Connaght, and Methe in Ireland, and wentPat. 29 R. p. 1. m. 9. thither accordingly. And the next year following, was again constitutedPat. 20 R. • . p 3. m. 26. Lord Lieutenant of that whole Realm. So likewise Pat. 21 R. • p. 3. m. 21. in 21 R. 2. and wentIbid. m. 12. again thither.

But the year next following, too much relying T. Wals. 393. n. 20. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. • . 40. on his own valour, he adventuredT. Wals. 393. n. 20. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. • . 40. himself, before his Army in an Irish habit, and was unhappily SlainT. Wals. 393. n. 20. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. • . 40. at Kenles, upon the Feast day S. Margaret the Virgin. Whence being brought to Wigmore, he was there buried T. Wals. 393. n. 20. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. • . 40. with his ancestors; leaving issue two Sons; viz. Edmund his Son and Heir, then six years of age, and Roger, bornMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 229. b. at Nethewode 9 Kal. Apr. 16 R. 2. who diedMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 229. b. without issue and was buried Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 229. b. in the Priory at Stoke. As also two Daughters, viz. Claus. 7 H. 4. m. 1. Anne, and Alianore: Alianore his Wife also surviving him; who afterwards became the WifePat 5 H. • p. 1. • 24. of the Lord Powys: and in 5 Hen. 4. representingPat 5 H. • p. 1. • 24. to the King the charge she was at in maintenance of her two Daughters; and likewise the devastation of all her Dowry in Wales; as also the spoyl done upon her then Husbands Lands by the Welch, obtained a grantPat 5 H. • p. 1. • 24. of all Annuities, Forfeitures, and Reversions of Annuities, which the before-specified Earl her husband, had assigned to several persons, to the value of an hundred and five pounds per annum.

Which Alianore departedEsc. • H. 4. n. 23. this Life 23 Dec. 7 Hen. 4. whereupon the Castle of Bruggewalter, the Mannors of Hargrove, and Otcombe, Newton-Placy, the Hundred of Mulverton, and custody of the Forest of Mendepe, which she held in Dower, divolvedEsc. • H. 4. n. 23. to Edmund Mortimer, Son and Heir of the said Elianore.

After which the King taking care of the before specified Anne and Alianore, her Daughters, grantedPat. 7 H. 4. p • m. 35. Claus 7 H. 4. m. 1. them an Annuity of an hundred pounds per annum out of her Lands.

Which Anne was bornMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. n. 60. on the Feast day of S. Iohn the Evangelist, 12 R. 2. and afterwards became the Wife ofMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. n. 60. Richard de Conningsburgh, Earl of Cambridge, brother of Edward Duke of Yorke. And Alianore was marriedRot Parl. 1 E 4. n. 8. to Edward Courtney, Son to Edward Earl of Devon; but diedRot Parl. 1 E. 4. n. 8. without issue.

I now come to Edmund Edmund. the last Earl of March of this family (Son and Heir to the last mentioned Roger Earl of March.)

This Edmund was bornMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. n 60. at the New-Forest, 8 Id. Novemb. (being the day of S. Leonard the Abbot) 15 R. 2. so that he wasMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 229. a. n 60. but six years of age at his Fathers death; and by King Henry the fourth delivered in wardIbid. n. 10. to Henry Prince of Wales, his Son. Out of whose custody, he was shortly after stolenIbid. n. 30. away by the Lady Despencer; but being foundIbid. n. 30. out again in Chiltham Woods; they keptIbid. n. 30. him afterwards, under stricter guard (for he was the rightfull heir to the Crown of England, by just descent from Leonel Duke of Clarence, third Son to King Edward the third.)

Upon the death of Edmund Holland Earl of Kent, in 10 Henr. 4. he was by inquisitions then taken, foundEsc. 10 H. 4. n. 51. Rot. Fin. 10 H. 4. m. 13. to be one of his Coheirs; viz. Son of Alianore, one of the Daughters of Thomas late Earl of Kent, and Sister to the said Edmund. And in 2 Hen. 4. was also foundEsc 2 H. 4. n. 54. to be Cosin and next Heir to Philippa, Wife of Iohn, the Son of Iohn de Hastings, late Earl of Pembroke; which Philippa was Sister to Roger Earl of March, Father of him the said Edmund.

UponT. Wals. 405. n. 10. the Rebellion of Owen Glendowr, in 3 Henr. 4. (being then but ten years of age) he headedT. Wals. 405. n. 10. the Herefordshire-men, in opposition to him; but those being routed by Owen, he became his Prisoner. Soon after which, byIbid. 407. n. 16. allurement or terror, he contractedIbid. 407. n. 16. marriage with the Daughter of Owen: and being thus in the hands of that great Rebell, wasStows Chr • . 329. a. n. 20. with him in the Battle of Shrewsbury, where the King obtained a happy Victory; though Owen escaped, yet was this Earl then released, as I ghuess: for in 6 Hen. 4. it is evident, that he and his Brother Roger, had a GrantPat. 6 H. 4. p. 2. m 29. from the King (bearing date 14 Martii) of certain Annuities, for their better support; viz. of an hundred marks per annum, out of the Revenues of the Mannors of Crenbourne, and Mersh wodevale, in the Counties of Somerset, and Dorset, during their minorities; and two hundred pounds per annum more, out of the Revenues of the Lordship of Clare. But after this, viz. uponYpod. Ne • st. 173. n. 35. S. Valentines day, in 7 Hen. 4. by the meansYpod. Ne • st. 173. n. 35. of a false Key, these two Brothers were both takenYpod. Ne • st. 173. n 35. out of Windsore Castle, and carried 〈◊〉 Chron. 132. a. n. 50. again to Owen: yet shortly after recovered 〈◊〉 Chron. 132. a. n. 50. again.

And in 2 Henr. 5. having obtained Licence Pat. 2 H. 5. p 3. m. 2. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 538. b n 40 & 539. b. n. 40. from the King and the Pope, he changedPat. 2 H. 5. p 3. m. 2. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 538. b n 40 & 539. b. n. 40. the Priory of Benedictine Monks, at Stoke-Clare in Suffolk, which had formerly been subordinate to the Abby of Bec-Herlewyne in Normandy, into a Collegiate Church of Secular Canons.

In that year, beingT. Wals. 437. n. 40. in the Warrs of France with the K. he was constrained to returnT. Wals. 437. n. 40. for want of health. But the next year following he wentRot. Franc. 3 H 5 m. 13. again beyond Sea. And in 4 H. 5. doing his Fealty, had liveryRot. Fin. 4 Hen. 5. m. 21. Vide Claus. 9 Hen. 5. m. 26. of the Lands which descended to him, as one of the Coheirs to Edmund Earl of of Kent. And the same year (viz. 30 Maii.) was reteinedEx a • tog. penès Cleric. pell. by Indenture, to serve the King in a Voiage-royal, then made into France, with an hundred men at Arms, whereof six to be Knights, the rest Esquires; and an hundred Archers.

In like sort he was reteined 9 Maii, 5 H. 5. to serve with thirty men at Arms, whereof himself and two Knights to be part of the number; the rest Esq and ninty Archers on Horse-back.

In 6 Hen. 5. heT. Wals. p. 450. was with the Earl of Salisbury, at raising the Seige of Freny: where many of the French were slainT. Wals. p. 450., and divers Ensignes takenT. Wals. p. 450.. And soon after that, with the King himself, at the SeigeIbid. 452. n. 20. & 30. of M • ion, which lastedIbid. 452. n. 20. & 30. fourteen Weeks.

Moreover, being at that time LieutenantEx autog. penès W. Pi • rpont arm. of Normandy, he received Instructions from the King in order to his deportment there, in that Command; the cheif whereof wereEx autog. penès W. Pi • rpont arm.; first, that he should reside at Uyre, it being in the midst of the Countrey. 2. That he should give Protection to all such as would come into the Kings obeysance, 3. That he should not grant Licence for any to returne into England, except Priests and Merchants, unless they had Pasports under the Kings signet; and fourthly, that he should see the Truce made betwixt the King and the Duke of Britanny, as also with the Queen of Sicilie, firmely kept.

In 9 H. 5. he attendedRot. Franc. 9 H 5. m 16. the King again into France. And in 1 H. 6. was constitutedPat. 1 H 6. p 4. m. 33. Lieutenant of Ireland.

This Edmund marriedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. Anne the Daughter of Edmund Earl Stafford; and departed • sc. 3 H 6. n. 32. this life 19 Ian. 3 Hen. 6. (being then about twenty four years of age) without issue; whereupon Richard Duke of York, Son of Anne his Sister, was by Inquisition • sc. 3 H 6. n. 32. found to be Cousin, and next Heir, and at that time fourteen years of age.

The Lands and Lordships whereof he died seizedIbid., were many and great; viz. Ibid. the Mannor of Arley, in Comitat. Staff. the Castle of Bruggewalter, and third part of the •• rough of Bruggewalter; the Mannors of Haygrove, and Odecumbe; the Mannor of Milverton, with the Hundred; as also the Mannor of Eston, in Gardon, with the Custody of the Forests of Nerechiche, Eremore, Menedepe, and Pederto • , • ll in Comit. Somerset. the Mannor of Wode-Cosworth, juxta Wynburnminste • ; the Hundreds of Rishemere, Roubarghe, and Haselore; the Mannors of Knolle, and Pimperne, with the Hundred; as also the Mannors of Tarent, Gundevill, Stupei, and Cranebourne, with the Hundred; as also the Mannors of Warham, Wike, Alberholt, Colewell, and Mershwode, together with the Isle of Portland, all in the County of Dorset, the Mannors of Pubrithe, in Comit. Surr. Drayton, in Comit. Suss. Allerton, in Shirewode, in Com. Notting. the Mannor of Whaddon, in Com. Buck. and Stepu • -Clardon, in the same County; the Mannor of Andever, with the Town and Hundred of B • singstoke, in Comit. Southamp. the Mannor of West-Greenwich, called the Strand, and the Mannor of Shillingheld, in Kent, the Mannor of Plasshis alias Plessy in Com. Hertf. Berdefeld-Claret in Ashen, Lachley, and North Fambridge in Com. Essex. parcel of the Mannor of Cottingham in Com. • bor. The Castle and Town of Clare (part of the Barony of Clare) and Mannors of Erbery, Hunden, Woodha • , with the Town of Sudbury in Com. Suff. The Mannors of Cikenhu • , Cleobury, Ernewood, Huggeley, Chelmersh, Eudon; the Custody of the Forest of Wyre, and Town of Beaubren, all in Com. Salop. The Commot of Isculas, the Borough of Abergillow, the Commot of Ughdulas, the Borough of Lanroste, the Commot of Dymnail; the Mannor of Dinorbin, the Castle of Dolvoren, the Dominion of Redewink, the Castle and Lordship of Montgomery, the Hundred of Chirbury, the Forest of Corndon, in Haltes • ur, within the Territory of Montgomery, and the Lordship of Leintwardyn, Parcel of the Dominion of Wigmore, all in Com. Salop, and Marches in Wales.

The Castle of Wigmore, with the Lordship and Borough, the Towns of Eliton, Earles Leyntale, Leyntale Starker, the Castle and Lordship of Norton, the Castle and Town of Raidrey, the Lordship of Withereinton, with Rislinguhcoyd, the Lordships of Comothoyder, Knighton, and Winfreton, the Castle, Borough, and Lordship of Old and New Radnore, the Castle and Lordship of Knoklasse, the Town and Lordship of Prestehev • de, the Castle and Town of Revenlesse, the Lordship of Melenith, the Castle and Cantred of Buelth, as also Pen • uelth and Soythervan, in the same Cantred; likewise the Forest of Talvan, the Castle and Lordship of Clifford, the Mannor and Lordship of Glassbiry, the Borough and Lordship of E • yas-Lacy, the Castle of Dinas, with the Lordship and Forest, the Borough of Bland; the Mannors of Mare, Orle • on, Mawarden, Nethewood, Kings • ain, Wolfrelow, two parts of the Mannor of Marcle, the Borough and Town of Pembrugge, the Mannor and Lordship of Malmeshill-Lacy, the Castle and Lords ••• of Denbigh, the Commot of Reymergh and Issale • , with the Forest of Altrug, the Castle of Nerberth, with the Lordship and Forest, the Mannor and Lordship of S. Clere, the Mannors of Eyres • ond and Eyreslan • , as also the Castle and Lordship of Blanleveny, all in the County of Hereford, and Marches of Wales.

The Mannors of Kersey and Leyham i • Com. Suff. The Mannors of Walsingham Magna, and Walsingham Parva; as also the Mannor of Bricham, parcel of the Barony of Clare in Com. Norf. The Mannors of Bis • egh, Bardslegh, Lichlade, Musardere, Cherleton, Winston, Brimmesfeld, Over-Sodington, with the Castle and Borough of Uske, all in the County of Glocester, and Marches of Wales. Likewise two parts of the Mannor of Tha • steed in Com. Essex. and Mannor of Staundon in Com. Hertf. as also the Mannor of Odingley in Com. Wigorn.

Which Anne his Wife, surviving him, was afterwards marriedClaus. • 11 6 m. 〈◊〉 . to Iohn Holland, Earl of Huntingdon▪ and departed 〈◊〉 11 H. 6. n. • 9. this life upon the Eve of S. Matthias the Apostle, 11 Hen. 6. Whereupon, Richard, Duke of York, Cosin and Heir to the said Edmund, Earl of March, her late Husband, had LiveryClaus. 11 Hen. 6. m. • 9. of all the Lands which she, the said Anne, held in Dower of his Inheritance.

Mortimer of Ricards Castle.

THe first of this Family that had to do here, was Robert de Mortimer; Robert. (Son or Brother to Hugh de Mortimer of Wigmore, the first of that name) who possessing Testa de Nevil Wigo • . this place, by the MarriageTesta de Nevil Wigo • . of Margery, the Daughter and Heir of Hugh de Say, certifiedLib. Rub in Scacc. He • e • . the Knights Fees, belonging to this Honor in 12 Hen. 2. to be in number Twenty three.

In Right of this Margery, he hadTesta de Nevil ut supra. also the Lordships of Temetbury, Clifton, Sapy, Cure, Iadefen, She • deslegh, Sutton, Stanfort, Crolea, Estwood, Purshull, and Aumbrug, in Com. Wigor. which were given Testa de Nevil ut supra. to him by the King, with the said Margery, to be held by the service of Six Knights Fees, and a fifth part.

This Robert in 17 Ioh. obtained likewise a GrantClaus. 〈◊〉 Joh. m. 〈◊〉 . from the King, of all those Lands in Berewic in Com. Suss. which did formerly belong to Mabel de Say, Mother of Margery his Wife, and then in the Possession of Robert Marmion the younger. And moreoverIbid. m. 1 • ., of all those Lands in Herleveston in Com. Linc. which did belong to Robert de Mortimer of Norfolk, then in Arms with the Rebellious Barons, but died not long after: For in 3 Hen. 3. this Margery surviving him, had an AssignationRot. Fi • . 3 H. 3. m 4. of her Dowry, out of all his Lands lying in the County of Essex. And in 15 Hen. 3. was marriedClaus. 15 H. 3. m. 3. to William de Stutevil.

To this Robert succeeded Hugh de Mortimer Hugh. his Son and Heir, who in 43 Hen. 3. upon the death of William de Stutevil, Husband to Margery de Say, his Mother, payingRot. 〈◊〉 . 43 Hen 3. Here • . Rot. Fi • . 43 Hen. 3. m. 6. One hundred pound for his Releif, had LiveryRot. 〈◊〉 . 43 Hen 3. Here • . Rot. Fi • . 43 Hen. 3. m. 6. of all those Lands of her Inheritance, which he the said William held, as Tenant by the curtesie of England, during his life.

In 44 Hen. 3. this Hugh, beingClaus. 44 Hen. • . m 17. one of the Barons Marchers, received commandClaus. 44 Hen. • . m 17. to repair personally to his House at Ricards Castle, and there to attend the direction of Roger Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, whom the King had then constituted Captain-General of all his Forces in those parts, to oppose the Hostilities of Lewelin, Prince of Wales. And in 47 Hen. 3. had a farther commandClaus. 47 Hen. 3. is •• rso m. 1 • . (together with the rest of the Barons Marchers) to go against the said Lewelin, who had at that time possessed himself of certain Castles belonging to the Kings good Subjects.

In 48 Hen. 3. after that fatal Battle of Lewes, wherein the King and Prince were both made Prisoners by the Rebellious Barons, Montfort coming 〈…〉 down with a powerful Army into the Marches of Wales, to succor Lewelin his Adherent and Consederate. This Hugh seeing 〈…〉 the Lands and Houses of the Lord Mortiner of Wigmore, wasted by those Forces, was constrained 〈…〉 to deliver up his House at Ricards Castle unto him.

But the Battle of Evesham, not long after ensuing, wherein those Rebellious Lords were utterly vanquished; this Hugh, who had stood firm to the King, throughout the whole time of those troubles, had then a peaceable fruition of his estate; and in 51 Hen. 3. obtained a Charter Car • • • H. 3. m. 11. from the King, for a Market every week upon the Saturday, at his Mannor of Bureford, in Com. Salop. as also a Fair yearly upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Feast of the Blessed Virgin.

And after this, scil. in 1 Edw. 1. executed Rot. Pip. 1 Edw. 1. Salop & Staff. the Sheriffs Office for the Counties of Salop and Stafford, for the greatest part of that year.

This being the substance of what I have found memorable of him, I shall now only take notice; that, for the health of the Souls of his Ancestors and Successors, he made a GrantA •• ogr. in Bibl. Cotton. to the Monks of Worcester, of certain Lands in Alesweshey, sealed with his Arms, viz. Barry of six Pieces, charged with Flower de Luces; William his Brother being a witness thereto. And that he departedEsc. 3. 〈◊〉 . 1 n. 42. this life in 3 Edw. 1. leaving Robert, his Son and HeirEsc. 3. 〈◊〉 . 1 n. 42. Twenty two years of age, who had soon after LiveryRot. Fin. 3 Edw. 1. m. 38. of his Lands, paying Rot. Pip. 3 Ed. 1. Staff. One hundred pound for his Releif.

Of which Robert, Robert. all that I can say, is, That in 10 Edw. 1. he wasRot. de. Sentag. Wall. 10. Ed. 1. m. 3. in that expedition then made into Wales, and died in 15 Edw. 1. Whereupon Ioyce his Wife surviving him, had an AssignationClaus. 15 Edw. 1. m. 4. of the Mannors of Bureford in Com. Salop and Coderugg in Com. Wigorn. for her Dower, leaving Hugh his Son and Heir, and William a younger Son: Which William, by reason that he enjoyed the Lordship of Ashby in Com. Leicest. (commonly called Ashby de la Zouch) whereof Robert his Father had been possessed, by the gift of Alan la Zouch his Uncle (viz. ...) assumed the sirname of Zouch, and was vulgarly called William la Zouch of Mortimer, of whom I shall speak farther by and by. But I return to Hugh.

This Hugh Hugh. in 24 Edw. 1. doing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 24 Edw. 1. m. 12. of his Lands; and having had SummonsClaus. de iisdem ann. in dorso. to Parliament amongst the Barons, in 25 & 27 Edw. 1. in the same Twenty seventh year wentRot. Scoc. 27. Edw. 1. m. 16. to the Wars of Scotland; but departedEsc. 32 Edw. 1. n. 48. this life in 32 Edw. 1. leaving Ioan Esc. 32 Edw. 1. n. 48. his eldest Daughter Twelve years of age; and Margaret Esc. 32 Edw. 1. n. 48. the younger, Eight, his next Heirs; and being then seisedEsc. 32 Edw. 1. n. 48. of the Mannors of Wychebaud and Coderugg in Com. Wigorn. (parcel of the Mannor of Bureford) likewise of the antient site of the Castle and Town of Blethenagh, and Column of Blethenagh, in Wales; also of the Castle and Town of Ricards Castle, with its appurtenances, and the Hamlets adjoying, viz. Bachecote, More, Overton, Wolferton, and Whitebrok, in Com. Salop. Acroft, Wapelith, Coumbe, Tyteley, Rode, and Calcop, in Com. Heref. As also joyntly with Maud his Wife, and to his own Heirs, of the Mannors of Boreworth, in Com. Salop. Nyminton in Com. Devon. Hobrugge in Com. Essex, and Norton juxta Daventrey, in Com. Northamp. Whereupon the said Maud had the Mannor of Wychebaud, the site of the Town and Castle of Blethenagh, in the Column of Blethenagh, in Wales, together with the said Column, assignedClaus. 〈◊〉 Ed. 1. m. 3. for her Dowry.

She likewise heldEsc. 1 Edw. 2. n. 5 • . in Dower the Mannors of Bureford in Com. Salop. Ambredon in Com. Essex. Eudinton in Com. Oxon. Lutlinton in Com. Gloc. and Imeney in Com. Wigorn. All which, upon her death, the same year, divolved Esc. 1 Edw. 2. n. 5 • . to Ioan, then the WifeIbid. of Thomas de Bykenore, and Margaret, WifeIbid. of Geffrey Cornwail, Daughters and Heirs to the above mentioned Hugh.

Of which Lordships, as alsoClaus. 3 Edw. • . m. 20. of those whereof William de Mortimer of Ham, died seised; whose HeirsClaus. 3 Edw. • . m. 20. they the said Ioan and Margaret likewise were: Partition being made in 3 Edw. 2. she the said Margaret had for her Purparty, assigned Claus. 3 Edw. • . m. 20. unto her the moity of the Mannor of Bureford, together with the moities of the Mannors of Niminton and Codrugge; as also the Mannors of Ambreden, Hobrugge, and Norton, with divers Messuages and Lands in other places; the rest falling to the share of Ioan, her elder Sister, Wife of Thomas de Bikenore, (as hath been observed;) but had no issue by him, as it seems: For plain it is, that she afterwards takingEsc. 14 Ed. 3. n. 30. to Husband Richard Talbot, a younger Son to Richard Lord Talbot, of Eccleswel in Com. Heref. her posterity by him, enjoyed Esc. 14 Ed. 3. n. 30. Ricards-Castle, and the rest of the Lands of her Inheritance.

Zouch of Mortimer.

I Come now to William, William. the younger Son of the last mentioned Rober • Mortimer. This William, vulgarly called William la Zouch of Mortimer, for the Reasons before specified in 1 Edw. 3. (then possessingPat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 28. Claus. 13 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 6. the Mannor of Ashby de la Zouch in Com. Leic. ) had a GrantPat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 28. Claus. 13 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 6. of the custody of the Lands of Glamorgan and Morgannoc, with power to dispose of the Towns, Castles, and Lordships, within those Territories, as he should think most meet for the Kings advantage: For which service, he was to receive out of the Revenue of those Lands, in time of peace two hundred marks, with allowance for thirty Men at Arms, to besiege the Castle of Kaersilly (if it should not be then rendred.) And in 2 Edw. 3. was madeRot. Fin. 2 Edw. 3. m. 10. Justice of all the Forests, South of Trent; as also ConstableRot. Fin. 2 Edw. 3. m. 10. of the Tower of London.

In 4 Edw. 3. this William and Alianore his Wife (oneClaus. 5 Edw. 3. p. 1. in dorso m. 6. of the Daughters and Heirs to Gilbert de Clare, sometime Earl of Glocester, and WidowMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 156 b. n. 40. of Hugh le Despencer the younger) were, in Parliament restoredRot. Parl. 4. Edw. 3. in dors • m. 18. to their Lands of Glamorgan and Morgannoc; as also to Rot. Parl. 4. Edw. 3. in dors • m. 18. the Mannors of Hanley in Com. Wigorn. and Temsbury in Com. Gloc. which wereRot. Parl. 4. Edw. 3. in dors • m. 18. the Inheritance of her the said Alianore; and had been extortedRot. Parl. 4. Edw. 3. in dors • m. 18. from her by Roger Mortimer, Earl of March; to be by him passed to the King, in consideration of a thousand pounds.

But about this time, having beenClaus. 4 Edw. 3. m. 37. a firm friend to Edmund of Woodstoke, Earl of Kent, (Uncle to the King) after the fall of that Earl, wasClaus. 4 Edw. 3. m. 37. sought for by the Sheriff of Glocestershire; and at length, rendringClaus. 4 Edw. 3. m. 37. himself to prison, was by the Kings favor dismissedClaus. 4 Edw. 3. m. 37..

In 6 Edw. 3. withRot. Fin. 16 Edw. • . m. 16. the same Alianore his Wife, he accompaniedRot. Fin. 16 Edw. • . m. 16. the Lady Alianore, the Kings Sister, in her journey beyond Sea: For which respect, the King was pleased to accept Ibid. of that debt of Three thousand six hundred sixty and six pounds thirteen shillings four pence, due by him to the Exchequer, to be paid by Five hundred marks per annum, at Michaelmass and Easter, by even portions.

And in 7 Edw. 3. having some differenceClaus. 7 Edw. 3. in dorso m. 3. with Hugh de Audley (a great Baron-Marcher, at that time) he raisedClaus. 7 Edw. 3. in dorso m. 3. Forces in the Marches of Wales, against the said Hugh; which occasioned the King to send a special PreceptClaus. 7 Edw. 3. in dorso m. 3. to him, for to desist therein.

In 9 Edw. 3. he wasRot. S • oc. 9 Edw 3. m. 29. in that expedition, then made into Scotland; and about this time (callingMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 49 a. n. 60. & 49 b. himself by the name of Zouch, and Son Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 49 a. n. 60. & 49 b. of Robert de Mortimer, sometime Lord of Ricards-Castle) confirmedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 49 a. n. 60. & 49 b. to the Canons of Haghnion in Com. Salop. the Grant of the Mill at Rochesford, made to them formerly by Hugh de Say, and Lucia his Wife, Daughter of Walter de Clifford, Son of Richard, Son of Ponce, his Predeceffors; and the Ratification b thereof, by Hugh de Mortimer his Grand-father. And, upon the first of March, An. 1335. (10 Edw. 3.) departingMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 156 b. n. 60. this life, was buriedMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 156 b. n. 60. in the midst of our Ladies Chappel at Theoksbury, leaving issueMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 156 b. n. 60. by the before specified Alianore, his second Wife, a Son called Hugh; the custody of whose Lands, by reason of his minority, were committed Rot. Fin. 11 Edw. 3. m. 28. to Alan la Zouch of Mortimer, Son to this last mentioned William, byIbid. m. 39. Alice de Toeny his first Wife (Sister and HeirIbid. m. 39. to Robert de Toeny, and WidowIbid. m. 39. of Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick.) Which Alan, Alan. then provingClaus. 12 Edw. 3. m. 25. his age, and performing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 12 Edw. 3. m. 25. of the Lands of her Inheritance. And in 14 Edw. 3. attendedRot. Aleman. 14 Edw. 3. m. 23. the King into Flanders.

In 15 Edw. 3. this Alan Rot Scoc. 15 Edw. 3. m. 2. was in that expedition then made into Scotland, as also in that intoRot. Fran. 16 Edw. 3. m. 26. France in 16 Edw. 3. the King being Rot. Fran. 16 Edw. 3. m. 26. likewise there in person at that time. And in 18 Edw. 3. obtained a CharterCart. 18 Ed. 3. n. 26. for Free Warren, in all his Demesn Lands at Ashby de la Zouch, Swartc • iffe, Bra •• thorpe, and Da • cro • t, in Com. Leic. Swavesey, Drotton, and Fulburne, in Com. Cantab. Trene, Nortbourne, and Chillington, in Com. Suss.

In 20 Edw. 3. he attended the King into France, and was with him (as it is like) in that great Battle of Cressy, where the English were victorious; but shortly after that, viz. the same year, about the Feast of All-Saints, he departed Esc. 2 • Ed. 3. n. 4. this life, leaving Hugh his SonEsc. 2 • Ed. 3. n. 4. and Heir Fifteen years of age, and Alianore his Wife survivingEsc. 2 • Ed. 3. n. 4.. The Wardship of which Hugh, Hugh. was committedPat. 21 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 23. to Iohn de Beauchamp, until he should be of full age: Which hapned in 34 Ed. 3. when making proofClaus. 34 Edw. 3. m. 23. thereof, and doing his homage, he had LiveryClaus. 34 Edw. 3. m. 23. of his Lands. And in 47 Ed. 3. accompaniedRot. Aleman. 47 E. 3. m. 11. Iohn of Gant, Duke of Lancaster, in his expedition then made into Flanders, beingRot. Aleman. 47 E. 3. m. 11. at that time a Knight.

But this is all I have seen of him, other than, that he had issue one Son called Hugh Hugh. Ex Coll. R. Gl. S., and Ioyce a Daughter, who tookEx Coll. R. Gl. S. to Husband Sir Iohn Botctourt of Weoley Castle in Com. Wigorn. Knight; and by the death of her Brother Hugh without issue, became his HeirEx Coll. R. Gl. S..

Mortimer of Attilbergh.

THe first of these Mortimers, that had to do in Norfolk, (for ought I have seen) was Robert de Mortimer Claus. 17 Joh. m. 10.,Robert. who in 17 Ioh. being in Arms against the King with the Rebellious Barons, forfeited his Lands in Hecleveston in Com. Linc. which were thereupon givenClaus. 17 Joh. m. 10. to Robert de Mortimer of Ricards Castle in Com. Heref.

But hence I must make a great leap, viz. unto 11 Edw. 1. finding nothing of his descendants till that time, that William de Mortimer William. of Attilbergh in Com. Norf. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 11 Ed. 1. n. 29. for a Market at Stanford, in that County every week upon the Tuesday, and a Fair upon Whitson-Eve, Whit-Sunday, and the morrow following.

This William in 22 Edw. 1. upon the Kings going into Ga • coigne, received commandRot. Vas ••• . 22 Edw. 1. 〈◊〉 dorso m. 11. to fit himself with Horse and Arms (as the chief Men in England then did) and to attend the King at Portsmouth, upon the first of September, to assist him against the French. And in 25 Edw. 1. had SummonsClaus. 25 Edw. 1. 〈◊〉 dorso. to Parliament amongst the Barons. In which year, beingTho. Wa •• . p. 35. • . 10. again in France, with the Earl of Lincoln to relieve Bellagard Tho. Wa •• . p. 35. • . 10., at that time besieged by the Earl of Arras; he was taken prisonerTho. Wa •• . p. 35. • . 10., and carriedTho. Wa •• . p. 35. • . 10. to Paris, where he died, as it seems, being then calledEsc. 25 Edw. 1. n 45. William de Mortimer of Kingstone; and seisedEsc. 25 Edw. 1. n 45. of certain Lands in Herleveston in Com. Linc. and of the Mannor of Kingstone in Com. Cantabr. As also of certain Lands in Attisbergh, Sculton, and Bernham, in Com. Norf. leaving Constantine Esc. 25 Edw. 1. n 45. his Son and Heir sixteen years of age.

Which Constantine Constantine. in 4 Edw. 2. wasRot. Scoc. 4 Ed. 2. m. 11. in that expedition then made into Scotland. So likewise inRot. Scoc. 7 Ed. 2. m. 1. 7 Edw. 2. and 8 Edw. 2.Rot. Scoc. 8 Edw. 2. it dorso m. 9.. And in 13 Edw. 2. had Licen • ePat. 13 Ed • . m. 30. to make a Castle of his House at Sculto • in Com. Norf.

To the trust of this Constantine in 19 Edw. 2. uponRot. Fin. 19 Edw. • . m. 15. the death of Thomas de Cailly, the custody of the Castle of Bokenham was committedRot. Fin. 19 Edw. • . m. 15..

Being StewardClaus. 10 Edw. 3. m. 24. of the Houshold, to Alianore, Countess of Gueldres (the Kings Sister) in 10 Edw. 3. he hadClaus. 10 Edw. 3. m. 24. an allowance of Twenty two pound and eight pence for the charges of his Men and Horses in that service to her. And in 12 Edw. 3. had a CharterCart. 12 〈◊〉 . 3. n. 31. for Free-Warren in all his Lordships of Attilbergh, Besthorp, Stulton, Elingham Parva, Rokeland, Tofte, Calteston, Tommeston, Totington, Stanford, Bokenham Parva, Bekerston, and Corston, in Com. Norf. As also in his Lordships of Kingston and Foxton in Com. Cantabr▪ and Herleveston in Com. Linc.

In 16 Edw. 3. he had SummonsClaus. 16 Edw. 3. 〈◊〉 dorso. to Parliament amongst the Barons, but never after. And the same year, beingRot. 〈◊〉 . 16 Edw. • . n. 32. in that expedition, then made by the King into France, wasRot. 〈◊〉 . 16 Edw. • . n. 32. of the Retinue to Ralph Lord Stafford; so likewise in Rot. Vasco • . 19 Edw. 3. m. 5. 19 Edw. 3.

In 26 Edw. 3. an Invasion being then threatned Rot. 〈◊〉 26 Edw. 〈◊〉 m. 5. by the French, he wasRot. 〈◊〉 26 Edw. 〈◊〉 m. 5. joyned in Commission with Iohn d'Engaine for Arraying of all Men of Bodies able, and Estate sufficient, within the Counties of Cambridge and Huntingdon, for the defence of the Realm.

From which Constantine (I presume) descended Constantine de Morti • er Esquire, who being possessedPat. 7 H. 4. p. • . • . 14. of the Lordships of Bernham, Bekerston, and Corston, in Com. Norf. had in 7 Hen. 4. a confirmationPat. 7 H. 4. p. • . • . 14. of that Charter of Free-Warren, so granted in 12 Edw. 3. as above is expressed.

Mortimer of Chirke.

THe first of this Family that seated himself here, was Roger, second Son to Roger Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, by Maud the Daughter of William de Braose of Brecknock; of whom I should not have taken farther notice, but, that being summonedClaus. de iis • em ann. in dorso. to Parliament amongst the Barons, from 1 Edw. 2. until the Fourteenth of that Kings Reign inclusive, he is to be accounted a Peer of this Realm.

In 14 Edw. 1. this Roger obtained a Charter Cart. 14. E. 1. n. 20. for Free-Warren, in all his Lordships of Sawardin, Winferton, Hampton, Waffre, le Aka, and Bredwardine, in Com. Heref. And in Hopton and Wafre in Com. Salop. But how he first gained this Lordship of Chirke, let us hear from the Welsh History of 〈◊〉 by D. To • el, p. 212. Historian.

Griffith ap Madoc (saith he) took part with King Henry the Third, and King Edward the First, against the Prince of North Wales, and died, leaving his Children within age; shortly after which, followed the destruction of two of them: For King Edward gave the Wardship of Madoc (the elder of them) who had for his part the Lordships of Bromfield and Yale, as also the G • stle of Di • as-Bran, with the Reversion of Maelor-Saesnec, after his Mothers decease, it being her Ioynture, to John, Earl Warren. And of Lewelin the younger, to whose part the Lordships of Chirke and Nanheydwy fell, to Roger Mortimer, a younger Son to Roger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore. Which Guardians forgetting the service done by Griffith ap Madoc, their Father, so guarded these their Wards, that they never returned to their Possessions; and shortly after obtained those Lands to themselves by Charter.

Being thus seated here, he builtIbid. p 213. the Castle; and in 21 Edw. 1. wasH Knighton 2498. n. 30. in that expedition then made into France; at which time, divers Towns and Places of strength yieldingH. Knighton 2498. n. 30. to the English Army, he was constitutedH. Knighton 2498. n. 30. Governor of Burgh upon the Sea, anciently called Mont-Alban.

In 22 Edw. 1. he had SummonsRot. Vascon, • Edw 1. • ▪ 7. (amongst others) to attend the King at Portsmouth, upon the first of September, well furnished with Horse and Arms, and thence sailedIbid. m. • . with him into Gascoigne; in consideration of which service, he had the year following, an exemption Claus. Ed. 1. m. 7. • uerae Par •• . 25 Ed. 1. • . 13. for himself and his Tenants, from payment of any part of the Tenth, then granted to the King in Parliament.

In 25 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Scoc. • Edw. 1. m. again in the Wars of Gascoig • e. And in 〈…〉 28 Edw. 1. in the Scottish Wars; so likewise in 〈…〉 29. being then of the Retinue to Edward Prince of Wales.

In 31 Edw. 1. he was 〈…〉 again in Scotland. And in 1 Edw. 2. constituted 〈…〉 the Kings Lieutenant of Wales, having all the Castles therein committed to his trust; and then also made Ibid. Justice of all Wales.

In 2 Edw. 2. he was made GovernorPat. 2 Ed. 2 Ed. • p. 1. m. 20. of the Castle of Bewmaris in Ang • esey; and in Pat. 4. Ed. • . p. 1. m. 8. 4 Edw. 2. of the Castles of Blaynleveny and Dines; being the same year likewiseLiterae Protect. 4 Ed. 2. m. 13. in the Wars of Scotland. And in 5 Edw. 2. had the Inheritance of the Castles of Blaynleveny and Dinas givenClaus. 5 Ed. 2. m. 10. him by the King, to hold for the third part of a Barony by the service of two Knights Fees.

In 7 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 7 Ed. 2. m. 1. again in Scotland; and the same year obtained a CharterCart. 7 Ed. 2. n. 13. for a Market every week upon the Munday, at his Lordship of Old Whiteland in Wales; and a Fair on the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin.

In 10 Edw. 2. he was constitutedRot. • in. 10 Ed. 2. m. 8. Justice of North Wales; and the same year went again Rot. Scoc. 10 Ed. 2. m 8. to the Wars in Scotland. In 11 Edw. 2. he was chargedClaus. 11 Ed. 2. m. 23 with the finding of an hundred Men out of his Lordships of Blaynleveny and Talgarth, and of two hundred more out of his Territory of Landedu, for the Wars of Scotland.

In 12 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 12 E • . 2. m. 10. again in those Wars, and had an AssignationClaus. 12 • d. 2. m. 6. of One hundred pound in recompence of his service therein: In which year also, he was constituted GovernorPat. 12 Ed. 2. p. 2. m 9. of Buelt Castle in Wales.

In 13 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 13 Ed. 2. m. 3. again in the Scottish Wars, and in 15 Edw. 2. again madeRot. Fin. 15 Ed. 2. m. 18. Justice of all Wales.

In 16 Edw. 2. beingLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 666. one of those Lords who gave Sentence of Banishment against the two Spencers, in the Parliament then held by their power and potency at that time; he soon felt his activeness in that quarrel, to be the occassion of his ruine; for the King getting strength, forced his opposers to stoopIbid. 683.: Whereupon this Roger, with his Nephew the Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, submittingIbid. 683. themselves, were imprisoned Ibid. 683. in the Tower of London; where, it is said by someIbid. 683., that this Roger died.

It is saidMon Anglic. Vol. 2. 223 b. n. 60. by others of this Roger, partly by reason that his Mannor of Chicke, was annexed to the Lordships of the Earl of Arundel, and partly by means of his adversaries, being cast into the Tower of London, he there continued for the space of full four years and an half; where, without ever being heard, he diedIb. 224 a. the third of August, An. 1336. (10 Edw. 3.) And that thence his Corps being brought to Wigmore, was there buriedIb. 224 a., in the Abbey, by Adam, Bishop of Hereford, upon the day of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross: As also, thatHistory of Wales by D. Powel, 213. by Lucia his Wife, Daughter and Heir of Sir Robert de Wafre Knight, he had issue Roger; who by Ioane his Wife, the Daughter of ... Tu • bervile, had issue Iohn. Which Iohn sold this Lordship of Chirke to Richard Fitz Alan, Earl of Arundel.

Mortimer of Chelmarsh.

THe first of this Family that seated himself here, was Hugh de Mortimer, the youngest Son to Ralph Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, by Gladuse Duy his Wife, Daughter to Lewelyn Prince of Wales. But of this Hugh, the cheif thing, that I find memorable, is; that he took to WifeMon. Angl. 〈◊〉 . 1. 727. a. n. 20. Agatha the youngest Daughter of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, and at length one of the CoheirsIbid. n. 30. & 40. of Walter Marshal Earl of Pembroke, the benefitPat. 39 H. 3. m. 5. to whose marriage Eudo la Zouche (unto whom the King had granted it) pastPat. 39 H. 3. m. 5. over to the before specified Ralph; who thereupon Wedded e her to his said Son. This Hugh beingRot. • in. 50 H. 3. m. 1. with the King at that noble Seige of Kenilworth Castle in 49 Hen. 3. (shortly after the vanquishing Montford Earl of Leicester, in the Battle of Evesham,) he lostRot. • in. 50 H. 3. m. 1. a good Horse in that service; in recompence whereof the King gaveRot. • in. 50 H. 3. m. 1. him forty Marks. But because neither this Hugh, nor any of his descendants were ever in the rank of Barons, I shall not take farther Notice of them, than, that in the fourth Generation, this line terminated in heirs Female.

Stafford.

THe first that assumed this Sirname, was Robert de Stafford, Robert 1. who at the time of the general Survey, possessedDomesd. lib. in iisd. co • . two Lordships in Suffolk, one in Worcestershire, one in Northamptonshire, twenty in Lincolneshire, twenty six in Warwickshire, and eighty one in Staffordshire; amongst which, Stafford is not accounted; the reason whereof I suppose to be; because the Castle which King William the Conqueror had caused to be builtIbid. Staff., in that part of Stafford, then a member of Chebbese • e, and belonging to Henry de Ferriers, wasIbid. Staff. at that time demolished. Of which Castle, whilst it stood, 'tis like that this Robert was Governor, and thereupon took that Sirname from his residence thereat: for, that his name was originally Toney, is cleere enough from that confirmationVon Angl. 〈◊〉 55 • . b. • 50. made by Robert de Stafford, his Grandson, unto the Monks of Conches, in Normandy, of the Church of Wotton (now called Wotton-Wawen, in Comitat. Warwic. ) and certain Lands there: whereby, ratifyingIbid. the Grants of Nicholas de Stafford, his Father, and Robert his Grandfather, he callsIbid. him Robert de Toenei. Which Robert, being a younger Son as (I guess) of Roger de Toeni, StandardbearerW Gem • t. 268. C. of Normandy, and founderOrd. Vit. 4 •• . of the same Abby of Conches, descended W. Gemet. ut supra. from Malahulcius, UncleW. Gemet. ut supra. to the famous Rollo sometime Duke of Normandy, and Progenitor to King William the Conqueror.

But of this Robert all that I can say farther, is, that livingMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. 126 a b. till King Henry the first's time, and understandingMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. 126 a b., that one Enysan de Waltone who came over into England with the Norman Conqueror, had killed two Nuns and a Priest which had been setledMonast. Anglic. Vol 2. 126 a b. in a small Oratory at Stone in Staffordshire, to celebrate Divine Service there, in honor of S. Wolfade, formerly murthered 〈…〉 in that place by Wolphere King of Mercia, his Father; he, out of great devotion to that Saint, founded 〈…〉 a Priory there for Canons Regular of St. Augustines Order. Moreover, that he gave his Lordships of Wrotesleye, and Livintune, to the Monks of Evesham, in Com. Wigorn. and that he was interred Ibid. 126. b., with Avice de Clare his Wife, in the entrance of the Cloyster at Stone.

To this Robert was that Nigel de Stafford a Brother (as I think) who, at the time of the general Survey, made by King William the first, heldDomesd. lib. sub tit. De • b. Drachelawe and eleven Lordships in Derbyshire; from which Nigell, the antient Family of Gresley, still possessing that Lordship of Drachelawe, do derive their descent.

I now come to Nicholas de Stafford, Nicholas 1. Son and heir to the before specified Robert. This Nicholas was SheriffMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 1023. l. 34 & 35. of Staffordshire, in the time of King Henry the first; and not only confirmed Cart. 8 E • . n. 4. per Inspex. to the Canons of Stone, what his Father had given them; but bestowed on them other Lands of good value; part whereof do lie in Stone, and part in Walton juxta Stone; as by his Original Deed, which he Offered upon the Altar there appearethEx Vet. Ro • MS. in bibl. Cotton.; makingMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 128. n 40. this Priory of Stone, (so founded by his Father) a Cell to that of Kenilworth, in Com. Warwic. Nor was this all; for it appears, that he devoutly gaveCart. 8 E • . ut supra. to the Canons of Kenilworth, his Mannor of Itelicote, with certain Lands in T • es • o, in Com. Warr. and augmentedCart 8 E • . ut supra. what his said Father had given to the before specified Monks of Conches, out of his Lordship of Wotton; but was buriedMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 126. • . n. 30., with Maude his Wife, in the Cloyster at Stone, near to the Chapter-house door; leaving issue Robert Robert 2. his Son and Heir: who likewise, bearing much devotion to S. Wolfade, gaveIbid. 128. • . n. 30. his Lands at Horton, and Grotton, to the Canons of Stone.

He likewise bestowedCart. 8 E. 2. n 4. perl •••• . on the Canons of Kenilworth, the Church of Madele, in Com. Staff. and thatCart. 8 E. 2. n 4. perl •••• . of S. Nicholas, within his Castle at Stafford; as alsoRegist. de Kenil. 〈◊〉 penès Si •• . Clarke bat. p. 147. certain Lands in Botley with the ChurchesCarp. Vol. 2. f. 2 •• of Tiesho, and Wolvarde, and the MillCarp. Vol. 2. f. 2 •• at Ciesho, situate near to the Church, all in Comit. Warr. Moreover, he was a Benefactor to the Knights Templars, by the giftMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 545 • n. 60. of certain Lands in Tiesho. As also to the Monks of Bardsley in Com. Wigorn. on whom he conferredMon. Angl. Vol. 1 804 • n. 10. so large a Portion of his possessions in Tiesho and Oxhill; that they thereupon received 〈…〉 him into their Fraternity, to be partaker of all the benefits of their Order; granting 〈…〉 to him and his Heirs, the nomination and preferment of two Monks perpetually, in that Monastry: and besides this, he bestowed 〈…〉 on them one hide of Land in Beariey.

This Robert exercised the Sheriffs Office 〈…〉 for Staffordshire, from the second to the end of the sixth year of King Henry the seconds reign, inclusive: and on 12 Hen. 2. upon assessment of the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, to Henry the Emperor, certified 〈…〉 his Knights Fees de Veteri Feoffamento, to be sixty in number, whereof he held nine at that time in Demesne: and de Novo Feoffamento two third parts of a Knights Fee, for all which, in 14 Hen. 2. he paid 〈…〉 sixty Marks.

Moreover, in 22 H. 2. he paid 〈…〉 two hundred Marks to the King, for trespassing in his Forests. And, having ratifyed 〈…〉 the grants of his Father and Grandfather to the Monks of Conches before specified, and undergone 〈…〉 a Pilgrimage to Hierusalem, was buried 〈…〉 near to his Father in the Cloyster at Stone; leaving issue a Son called Robert 〈…〉 , and Milisent 〈…〉 a Daughter.

Which Milisent, by reason of her Brothers death without issue, became HeirRot. Pip. 6 R. • . Staff. to that Honor, and great Inheritance;H • rven 1. and took to Husband Rot. Pip. 3. H. 3. Staff. Hervy Bagot (a Gentleman of an antient Family in those parts.) which Hervy, having so married her in 5 R. 1. in considerationRot. Pip. 5 R. 1. Staff. of a Fine of three hundred Marks, then by him paid to the King, had liveryRot. Pip. 5 R. 1. Staff. of the Barony of Stafford as her Inheritance, as Heir to her Brother Robert; and thereupon bore the titleMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 559. a. n. 30. of Lord Stafford: for raising of which Fine, he was put to such a streight; as that, with Milisent his Wife, he was necessitated to sellEx collect. Samps. Erdswike in bibl. Deuves. the Lordship of Drayton, unto the Canons of S. Thomas near Stafford. And had issueRot Pip. 3 H 3. Staff. by her Hervy Hervey 2. his Son and Heir; who relinquishing his Paternal Surname, assumed that of his Mother; and wroteEx ipso autogr. penès Carolum Bar. Carington. himself Hervey de Stafford; which was not unusual in those • lder times, especially when that of the Femal was more honorable; as in that of Boteler, after the marriage of the Heir of Virdon: and as Mr. Camden in his Remains, hath of others observed. Suitable whereunto, let us see what Du Tillet faithReeueil des Roys de France. p. 152. & 216.,—Guilliaume sire de Dampierre espousa Margaret Comtesse de Flandres, & Hainau, second File de Baudowin Empereur de Greece. De lui sout descendus les Comtes de Flandres, lesquaels se tindreut au surnom de Flandres, a cause de la dit Comtesse Marguerite, que avoit tiltre plus honorable que son mary! le quel avoit laisse celuy de Bourb • n, poua prendre celuy de son partage, qui estoit le S • igneurie de Dampierre en Champaigne, (telle estoit la facon du temps.)

This Hervey de Stafford wasClaus. 5 H. 3. in dorso. with the King at the Seige of Bitham Castle in Lincolnshire, in 5 Hen. 3. And in 17 Hen. 3. when Richard Mareschal (Earl of Pem • roke) taking Yood. Neust in ann. 1233. upon him to reform some things amiss in the Government, putYood. Neust in ann. 1233. himself in arms, and joyned in new commotions with the Welch; he being Yood. Neust in ann. 1233. then, one of the Barons Marchers, gaveClaus. 17 H 3. in dorso m. 8. up Iohn de Stafford, his Son in Hostage (other of those Barons doingClaus. 17 H 3. in dorso m. 8. the like) to be keptClaus. 17 H 3. in dorso m. 8. in safe custody till the Realms should be again setled in quiet.

But departedCl • us. 21 H 3 m. 11. this life in 21 Hen. 3. Petronill his Wife, SisterEx collect. S. Eraswike, arm. to William de Ferrers Earl of Derby, being then greatClaus. 21 H 3. ut supra. with Child. Whereupon the King, by his preceptClaus. 21 H 3. ut supra. to the Sheriff of Warwickshire, reciting that by reason she was so near the time of her delivery, as that she could not come in person to do her Fealty, for her Dowry; commandedClaus. 21 H 3. ut supra., that he should go to her, and receive her Fealty, as his Deputy; and make assignation unto her of such Lands, within his precincts, as, according to a reasonable extent, should be though meet. The like precept Ibid. had the Sheriff of Staffordshire.

To this last mentioned Hervy Lord Stafford succeededRot. Fin. 25 H. 3. m. 1. Hervey Hervey 3. his Son and Heir; who in 21 Hen. 3. paid five hundred Marks fineRot. Fin. 25 H. 3. m. 1. to the King, for his Relief, and livery of those Lands which by hereditary descent, after the death of Hervey his Father belonged to him: but withal, that he might have liberty to marry with whom he should think fit.

After which it was not long ere he died without Ibid. issue, so that Robert Robert 4. his brother then his next Heir, had Livery of all his Lands in 25 Hen. 3. payingRot. Pip. 20 H. 3 Staff. an hundred pounds for his Releif; and doing homage.

Which Robert, uponRot. Pip. 29 Hen. 3. Staff. collection of the Aid, for • arrying the Kings Daughter, paidRot. Pip. 29 Hen. 3. Staff. sixty pounds for those sixty Knights Fees he then had: and in 37 H. 3. was in that expeditionRot. Fin. 37 H. 3 m. 6., then made into Gascoine. Moreover, in 38 Hen. 3. upon levying the Ayd for making the Kings eldest Son Knight, he paidRot. Pip 38 H. 3. Staff. an hundred and twenty pounds more: and in 42 Henr. 3. had summonsClaus. 42 Hen. 3. i • dorso m. 11. to attend the King at Chester, on Munday preceding the Feast of Saint Iohn Baptist, well fitted with Horse and Arms to restrain the insolencies of the Welch. The like SummonsClaus. 44 H. 3. in dorso m. 9. he had in 44 Henr. 3. to be at Shrewsbury, upon the Feast day of the Nativity of our Lady. And gaveEx ipso a • togr. pe • ès praepos. & Scoleures coll. Regalis 〈◊〉 to the Monks at Wotton, in Comitat. Warr. (which was then become a Cell to that Priory-Alien at Conches in Normandy) certain parcells of Land, lying in Wotton, and Uilenhale.

This Robert took to WifeEsc. 21 E. 3. n. 55. Salop. Alice, one of the Daughters, and at length Coheirs to Thomas Corbet of Caus, in Comit. Salop. and departingClaus. 10 E. 1. m. 16. this Life in 10 Edw. 1. was buryedMon. Aug. Vol. 2. 127. a. n. 10. before the Altar of S. Iohn Baptist in the Priory at Stone; leaving Nicholas Nicholas 2. his Son and Heir; who the same year, wasRot. de Sc •• lltag. Wa •• . 10 E. 1. m. 4. in that expedition then made into Wales, and in 12 Ed. 1. obtained a discharge Rot. Fin. 12 H. 1. m. 14. for a hundred pounds of those debts, which by his Father and himself were due to the Kings Exchequer, being then to attendPat. 12 • 1. m. 2. the K. beyond Sea. And in 13 Edw. 1. had a CharterCart. 13 E. 1. n. 96. for Free-warren in all his Demes • e Lands at Wotton before specified (then written Waghnes-Wotton,) and Ciesho, in Com. Warr. as also at Madeley, in Com. Staff.

In 15 Edw. 1. he had Summons 〈…〉 to fit himself with Horse and Arms, and to attend the King into Wales, the King being 〈…〉 at that time beyond Sea; having constituted 〈…〉 Edmu • d Earl of Cornwall, his Lieutenant in his absence. which Edmund advancing 〈…〉 thither with a powerful Army, against Rese ap Griffith (who then Rood in open hostility 〈…〉 against Pain Tiptoft, Warden of the Kings Castles in those parts) demolished 〈…〉 his Castle of Droselan, but by the fall of itsWalls, divers persons were Killed; H. Powell ut supra. amongst whom this Nicholas Lord Stafford was D. Powell ut supra. one. After which, viz. in 22 E. 1. Edmund his Son and Heir performingClaus. 11 E. 1. m. 5. his Homage, had LiveryClaus. 11 E. 1. m. 5. of his Lands.

This Edmund, in 25 Edw. 1. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made by the King into Gascoine; and in 26 Edw. 1. received command 〈…〉 (amongst divers other eminent persons) to be at York, upon Whitsunday, sufficiently provided of Horse and Arms, to march against the Scots.

The like SummonsClaus. 26 E. 1. in dorso, m 6. he had in September following, to furnish himself accordingly, against Whitson-Eve, then next e • suing, and to be at 〈◊〉 , in order to his advance into Scotland.

In 31 Edw. 1. he was again in those Scottish Wars, when the King WinteredTh. Wals. p. 57. n. 20. in that Realm, or maintained some Souldiers there at that time: for it appearsEx ipso a • togr. nuper 〈◊〉 castro de Sta • ford. that in 9 Edw. 2. when the Scutage for that Expedition of 31 Edw. 1. was collected, those who then held his Lands, for which it was required were discharged, upon proof of the service done there. And in 34 E. 1. had SummonsClaus. 34 E. 1. in. dorso m. 16. in scedula. (amongst others of the Peers) to be at 〈◊〉 on the morrow after Trinity Sunday, there to advise with the King, touching an Aid for the making his eldest Son Knight. After which also (ere many days) he had another Summons 〈◊〉 . to be at Carlisle, on the Quindesme of the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist; sufficiently accoutred with Horse and Arms, and to march with the Kings Forces against Robert de Brus, then Rebelliously assuming the Title of King of Scotland.

This Edmund was first summonedClaus. 27 Edw. 1. in cor • o. to Parliament amongst the Barons of England, in 27 Edw. 1. and afterwards not omitted till his death. But all that I can farther say of him, is, That he weddedFin Levat. Octab. Mi • h. 21 Edw. 1. War. Margaret the DaughterEsc. 14 R. 2. n. 9. of Ralph, Lord Basset of Oraiton; by reason whereof her Descendants (after her death) became Heirs to that Estate. Of which Margaret, it appears, That she afterwards became the Wife Ex Autogr. • uper in Castr, de Stafford. of Sir Thomas Pipe: And, whereas she had the rightEx Autog. penès Tho▪ Comitem Elginiae. of Presentation of two Clerks in the Abbey of Bordesley; to celebrate Divine Service there perpetually for the health of her Soul; as also for the Souls of her Heirs and Ancestors; that one of them, being then dead, she presented Ex Autog. penès Tho▪ Comitem Elginiae. one Ingeram de Lichfield, a Monk of that Covent, in his stead. Unto which Instrument her Seal of Arms is affixed, viz. Stafford and Basset quartered; and that he dyingEsc. 2 Ed 12. n. 63. in 2 Ed. 2. was buriedMon. Angl. 3 Vol. 2. 127 a. n. 20. in the Fryers Minors at Stafford, leaving issue two Sons, viz. Ralph Ralph. Esc. 2 Ed. 2. n. 63. his Son and Heir, then nine years of age; and Sir Richard Stafford Knight, his younger SonRot. Vascon 30. Ed. 3. m. 4., who in Rot. Vascon 30. Ed. 3. m. 4. 30 & 33Rot. vascon. 33 Edw. 3. m. 3. Ed. 3. was in the Wars of France. So likewise inRot. Franc. 34 Edw. 3. m. 10. 34 Edw. 3. and in 35 Edw. 3. being madeRot. Vascon. 35 Edw. 3. m. 8. Seneschal of Gascoigne, continued Rot. Vascon▪ 36 Edw. 3. m. 4. there the next ensuing year, being then called Sir Richard Stafford of Clifton Knight; which Lordship he then possessed, by reason of his marriage Ex. Col. S. Er • swike. with Maud, the Daughter and Heir to Richard de Camvile of that place.

Which Sir Richard Stafford had issue Richard, who in 36 Edw. 3. wasRot. Vascon. 36 Edw. 34 m. 4. in that expedition with his Father then made into Gascoigne; and in 40 Edw. 3. wentRot. Vascon. 40 Edw. 3. m. 12. again to those Wars. Moreover, this Richard had SummonsClaus. de iisdem a • nis in dorso. to Parliament amongst the Barons, from 44 Edw. 3. until 4 Rich. 2. inclusive; and then, viz. upon the Thirteenth of August, departedEsc. 4 R. 2. n. 51. this life, being seisedEsc. 4 R. 2. n. 51. of the Mannors of Childecote, in Com. Derb. Norton in Hales, in Com. Salop. Clifton Camvile, Pipe and Bruggeford in Com. Staff. The moity of the Mannor of Campeden, and the Mannors of Aston under Egge, Charingworth, and Winton, in Com. Gloc. As also of the Mannor of Sibbertoft in Com. North. leaving Edmund his SonEsc. 4 R. 2. n. 51. and Heir (then a Priest) Thirty six years of age. Which Edmund being afterwards BishopGodw. de Pr • sul. of Exeter, and Lord KeeperClaus. 20 R. 2. p. 1. in dorso, m. 22. of the Great Seal of England, Sir Thomas Stafford Knight, his Brother, came to possess the Estate; who, having issue Thomas that died withoutEx Coll. S. Erdswike. issue, the Inheritance thereof descended to Catherine his Sister, marriedEx Coll. S. Erdswike. to Sir Iohn Ardern Knight.

But I return to Ralph▪ Son and Heir of Edmund.

This Ralph coming of full ageClaus. 17 Ed. 2. m. 25. in 17 Ed. 2. and then doing his homageClaus. 17 Ed. 2. m. 25., had LiveryClaus. 17 Ed. 2. m. 25. of his Fathers Lands; and the next ensuing year, being madeComp. Th. Usefleet Provis. magnae Garderobae penès Rem. Regis in Scacc. a Knight by Bathing, and other Sacred Ceremonies; had Robes, with all other accoutrements, as a Banneret allowedComp. Th. Usefleet Provis. magnae Garderobae penès Rem. Regis in Scacc. him out of the Kings Wardrobe for that solemnity. After which, he soon grew an active person in the Wars of that heroick Prince, King Edward the Third. For it appears, that in 1 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Sco • . 1 Edw. 3. m 6 • . in that expedition then made into Scotland; and in 4 Edw. 3. oneLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 686. of those Lords, who stoutly pursued that, then, potent Man Roger de Mortimer, Earl of March, and took him in the Castle of Nottingham.

Moreover, inRot. Scocl 8 Edw. 3. m. 11. 8 & 9Rot. Scoc. 9 Edw. 3. • m. 28. Edw. 3. he was again in the Scotish Wars; as also inRot Scocl 10 Edw. 3. m. 6. 10 Edw. 3. Margaret his Wife beingRot Scocl 10 Edw. 3. m. 6. then with him: So likewise inRot. Scoc. 11 Edw. 3. m. 4. 11 Edw. 3. and inRot. Aleman 13 Ed. 3. m. 4. 13 Edw. 3. in that expedition then made into Flanders. Furthermore, in 14 Edw. 3. King Edward having entred Tho. Wals▪ 142. n. 20. the North parts of France with a powerful Army, in order to the recoveryTho. Wals▪ 142. n. 20. of that Realm, as his Hereditary Right; and discerning how he was illuded by Iohn Stratford, then Archbishop of Canterbury (whom he trusted in his absence) in not helping him to that supply of Money from England, whereon he depended, for support of these Wars; so that he was then necessitatedIbid. 144▪ n. 10. to return from that hopeful adventure without success; he sentIbid. 144▪ n. 10. this Ralph Lord Stafford, then StewardIbid. 144▪ n. 10. of his Houshold, unto that Archbishop, to offer him safe conduct in coming to him; to the end he might understand what defence he could make for that his neglect.

In 15 Edw. 3. he was againRot. Scoc. 15 Edw. 3. m. 4. in the Wars of Scotland, and the same year obtained the Kings CharterCart. 15 Ed. 3. n. 14., for a Market every week upon the Tuesday at his Mannor of Madley under Lyme in Com. Staff. as also two Fairs yearly; the one on the Eve and Day of S. George the Martyr, and two days following; and the other on the Eve and Day of S. Leonard, and two days after. And likewiseIbid. a weekly Market at his Mannor of Tisho in Com. War. on the Wednesday; with a Fair every year upon the Eve and Day of S. Peter ad Vincula (commonly called Lammas) as alsoIbid. view of Frank-Pledge, and divers other Priviledges, viz. For Tryal and Execution of Malefactors, &c.

In 16 Edw. 3. being sentH. Knighton. 2581 • n. 50. Rot. Fran. 16 Edw. 3. m. 32. into Britanny, (with divers other eminent persons) he had of his RetinueH. Knighton 2581 • n. 50. Rot. Fran. 16 Edw. 3. m. 32. fifty Men at Arms, and fifty Archers, all on Horsback, whereof himself, and two other, were then Bannerets, sixteen Knights, and thirty one Esquires; havingClaus. 16 Edw. 3. p. 2. m. 32. & m. 21. for his and their support in that service fifty seven Sacks of the Kings Wools. Moreover, being then in the City of Uannes, at that time besieged by the French, he escapedFrois. fol. 47 b. by a Postern; but afterwards was taken prisonerIbid. 48. • . • before Nants, then besieged by the English, and exchangedIbid. 48 • . • for the Lord Clysson.

In 17 Edw. 3. he was joynedTho. Wals. p. 150. with the Earls of Lancaster, Glocester, Warwick, Northampton, and others, in another expedition for Scotland, to raise that Siege, which the Scots had laid to the Castle of Lough Mabar, whereof the Earl of Northampton (viz. William de Bohun) hadTho. Wals. p. 150. then the custody. And shortly after this, was imployed againIbid. 153. n. 20. with Henry de Lancaster, Earl of De • by, and some other grave persons, to the Court of Rome, there to treat with the Pope; not as a Judge, but as a private Person and Friend, touching the right of King Edward to the Crown of France.

He was likewise the principal person then sent Rot. Frane. 17 Edw. 3. m. 3. in Commission with Sir William Trussel Knight, and some others, to the Governors and Burger-Masters of divers good Towns in Flanders, to treat touching the well regulating of that Countrey, as to the Staple of Wools and Sheep Skins; as also to treat and conclude touching the Coynage of good Money, Gold, and Silver, to be current, as well in England, as in Flanders; and by anotherIbid. m. 12. Commission impowred to treat with the Princes and others of Almaine, touching a League of Friendship betwixt King Edward and them, and to obtain their assistance to him upon occasion.

Moreover, in 18 Edw. 3. being sentFrois. fol. 30 b. into Gascoigne, with Henry of Lancaster, Earl of Derby; uponFrois. fol. 30 b. the assault of Bergerath, by that Earl, on the Land part; this Ralph commanded Frois. fol. 30 b. the Fleet to attack it by Sea, and was with him likewise at theIbid. 53 b. siege of Auberoche.

In 19 Edw. 3. he had that great office of Seneschal of Aquitane, conferredRot. Vascon. 19 Edw. 3. m. 8. upon him; and continuingIbid. m. 5. thereupon in those parts, command Claus. 19 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 3. was given to the Sheriff of Glocestershire, to send thither to him One hundred Bows and six hundred Arrows for the Kings service there.

In 20 Edw. 3. he wentRot Vascon. 20 Edw. 3. m. 2. again into Gascoigne; and being then in Aguillon, when Iohn Son and Heir to Philip, King of France, came to besiege it, he placedH. Knighton 2589 • . empty Wine Hogsheads upon that part of the Town, which was not Walled, putting Stones into them; and though he was besiegedIbid. with a numerous Army, he stoutly defendedIbid. it against their whole power. It is saidStows Annals. by some of our Historians, that upon King Edwards coming into France, at that time with a puissant Army, which occasioned the before specified Iohn to raise his siege, and to march away in order to the conjunction of his Forces, with the Army of Philip his Father; this Ralph, Lord Stafford, • allied out of Aguillon, fell upon his Rear, and cut off a great part thereof. MoreoverIbid., that being thus cleared from that siege, he joyned his Forces with King Edwards, and hadFrois. lib. 1. cap. 128. an eminent command in the Van of the Army, under the Black Prince, in that famous Battle of Cressy, which soon after ensued, where the English obtained a glorious victory: Likewise, that after that victory, being sentIbid. c. 132. with Sir Reginald Cobham, and three Heralds, to view the slain; they reported the number to be Eleven great Princes, eighty Bannerets, twelve hundred Knights, and more than thirty thousand Common Soldiers. And also, that upon the render of Calais, which hapned shortly after, he was one of those who were then appointedIbid. c. 147. to take possession of it for the King.

The next year following, there being an accord Claus. 21 Hen. 3. p. 2. in dorso, m 19. Videsis Rot. Fi • . 21 Edw. 3. m. 10. made, betwixt this Ralph and Margaret his Wife, on the one part; Sir Robert de Harley, and Elizabeth his Wife, on the second part; and Sir Edward Cornwall, on the third part; as Cosins and Heirs to Peter, the Son of Peter Corbet: This Ralph claimingClaus. 21 Hen. 3. p. 2. in dorso, m 19. Videsis Rot. Fi • . 21 Edw. 3. m. 10. the Castle of Caus, and other Lands, as being descended from the eldest Aunt of the same Peter; it being thereby concludedClaus. 21 Hen. 3. p. 2. in dorso, m 19. Videsis Rot. Fi • . 21 Edw. 3. m. 10., That he should thenceforth enjoy that Castle to him and his heirs, he obtained Livery Claus. 21 Hen. 3. p. 2. in dorso, m 19. Videsis Rot. Fi • . 21 Edw. 3. m. 10. thereof, doing his Fealty for the same. And before the end of that year, in farther consideration Pat. 21 Ed. 3. p. • . m. 1 • . Rot. F •• . 21 Edw. 3. m. • . of his laudable services, did also obtain another special LiveryPat. 21 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 1 • . Rot. F •• . 21 Edw. • m. • . of all those Lands, which Hugh de Audley, Earl of Glocester, then deceased, held of the Inheritance of Margaret his Wife, one of the Daughters and Heirs to Gilbert de Clare, sometime Earl of Glocester; which by the death of her, the said Margaret, did by descent belong to Margaret, Wife to this Ralph, as Daughter and Heir to them, the said Hugh and Margaret; his homage being respitedPat. 21 Ed. 3. p. 3. m. 1 • . Rot. F •• . 21 Edw. • m. • ., in respect of his Military imployment: For he was then sentPat. 〈◊〉 Edw. 3. 〈◊〉 • dorso m. 26. again into France, and had purveyancePat. 〈◊〉 Edw. 3. 〈◊〉 • dorso m. 26. for himself, his men, and horses, in the Counties of Sussex, Surrey, and Kent, till he took shipping, Sir Hugh Fitz-Simond Knight, beingEx Autog▪ nuper in Castro de Stafford. at that time one of his Retinue, as appears by an IndentureEx Autog▪ nuper in Castro de Stafford., dated 16 Martii, the same year; whereby he covenanted to serve him in the Wars, wheresoever he should have occasion, with four Knights, himself accounted, and eight Esquires, for the space of one whole year next ensuing.

Being thus again in France, he wasCart. & P • . apud Caleis. 21 Ed. 3. m. • . one of the Ambassadors sent to the Cardinals of Naples and Cleremont, to treat of Peace, betwixt King Edward and Philip de Valoys, then assuming the title of King of France.

In 22 Edw. 3. (which was the next ensuing year) he obtained LicensePat. 22 Ed •• p. 1. m. 37. to make Castles of his Mannor Houses at Stafford and Madeley; as also a GrantIbid. p. 2. m. 25. from the King of 573 l. for his expences, in his service beyond Sea. And being then by Indenture retainedIbid. p. 3. m. 27. Et Claus. 24 Ed. • . p. 1. m. 1 • . to serve the King, during his whole life with sixty Men at Arms; had by reason thereof, Six hundred marks per annum, assignedIbid. p. 3. m. 27. Et Claus. 24 Ed. • . p. 1. m. 1 • . unto him, to be received out of the Ports of London and Boston. Moreover, having merited so well for his many and great services, he was, about this time, elected Instit. 〈◊〉 of the Order of the 〈◊〉 per • . 〈◊〉 p. 688. to be one of the number of that honorable Society of the most Noble Order of the Garter, then instituted by that martial and victorious Prince, King Edward the Third.

Furthermore, in 24. Edw. 3. he was joyned in CommissionRot. 〈◊〉 . 24 Edw. 3. • . 1. with the Bishop of Durham, the Lord Percy, and Lord Nevill, to treat with the Nobles of Scotland, at York, for a firm and final Peace betwixt both Realms: In which, and all other his employments, his deportment was such, That the King, in considerationCart. 25 Edw. • m. 25. thereof, upon the fifth of March▪ then next ensuing, advancedCart. 25 Edw. • m. 25. him to the title of Earl of Stafford; and, for his better support of that dignity, granted Cart. 25 Edw. • m. 25. to him a thousand marks per annum in Fee, until he should provide Lands of that value, to settle on him and his heirs.

And, being thus raised to these Honors, and inriched with such large benefits, he was shortly after, viz. in 26 Edw. 3. constitutedRot. 〈◊〉 26 Edw. 3. • . 7. the Kings Lieutenant and Captain-General in his Dutchy of Aquitane, with special CommissionIbid. m. • . to treat with any persons of what Nation soever, upon terms of Aid to the King, and mutual assistance from him.

In which service, viz. The Lieutenancy of Aquitaine, he wasEx Autogr. penès 〈◊〉 Pell. then likewise retained by Indenture, bearing date 3 Martii, to continue, with an hundred Men at Arms, and an hundred Archers on Horsback, of his own proper Retinue, until Michaelmass next following. And from that time forwards, to have an additional number of One hundred Men at Arms more, with good Captains, and Two hundred Archers on Horsback, provided at the Kings charge, for the time of his stay there. The King likewise indentingIbid. farther with him, to send by way of more supply (under the conduct of the Duke of Lancaster, the Earls of Northampton, Arundel, Warwick, or Huntingdon) Three hundred Men at Arms, and seven hundred Archers. During the time of which stay there, he constituted Ex Autogr. nuper in Castro de Staf • ord. Sir Iames Pipe Knight, then Seneschal of that Dutchy, Governor of the Town and Castle of Blavy, situate in the Enemies quarters: And in regard of this his necessitated absence from England, obtained a special PreceptClaus. 2 • Edw. 3. m. 29. to the Judges of the Kings Bench, that they should not, in any of their Sessions, within the County of Essex, intermeddle with his Liberties. For which expedition, whilest he was preparing, he had an Assignation 〈…〉 of the Town of 〈◊〉 , in Com. Middl. for the quartering of his Men and Horses; Sixty Men with Lances, being for that service then impressedRot. Franc. 26 Edw. 3. • . 7. out of his Lordships of Newport and Netherwent, in the Marches of Wales.

In 27 Edw. 3. he attendedH. Knighton • 6 • 6. n. 10. Prince Edward, in the company of the Earl of Warwick, unto the City of Chester, with a Military Power, for the protecting of Sir Richard de Willoughby, and Sir William de Shareshul, Knights, then sitting there, as Justices Itinerant, against the violence of the people, whose Insurrection they feared. And the same year had a special Dispensation Ex Autogr. • uper in Ca •• ro de Staf • rd. from Pope Innocent the Sixth, bearing date 15 Kal. Febr. That such Religious Persons, as should be at his Table, or in his House, might eat Flesh.

In 29 Edw. 3. he attendedRot. Franc. • 9 Ed 3. m. 5. Tho. Wals. • An. 1355. • . 162. n. 40. the King again into France; whose purpose 〈…〉 was to have given Battle to the King of France, then at S. Omers, had he not privily got away. And in 33 Edw. 3. marching 〈…〉 towards Reyns in Campaigne, and quartered 〈…〉 in a small Village near the Prince; being there set 〈…〉 upon by a Party of Sixty Men, under the conduct of Baldwin Bartin; he slew 〈…〉 and took prisoners the most of them, amongst which, Bartin himself was one; and continued 〈…〉 in those parts till the next year following. But, being then recalled, he was sent 〈…〉 with Leonel, Earl of Ulster (the Kings Son) into Ireland, there to subdue the Rebellious Natives of that Realm, then in Arms. Moreover, having bought 〈…〉 up many Horses for that service, he had the Kings Precept 〈…〉 to the Lord Treasurer there, for the reimbursing him in what he had laid out in that service. And in 39 Edw. 3. was again 〈◊〉 Vascon. Ed. 3. m. 5. in those Wars of France.

Having thus, as breifly as I well can, pointed at his Military and other Secular Imployments, I now come to his Works of Piety.

Bearing a venerable respect 〈…〉 . to the Order of Friers, Hermites of S. Augustine, setled within the Borough of Stafford, about the Twenty sixth year of Edward the Third, for the health of his Soul, as also for the Souls of Katherine and Margaret his Wives, and for the Soul of Sir Humphrey Hastang Knight; and likewise, for the good estate of King Edward the Third, then King of England, he gave 〈…〉 a certain piece of Land in Forbrugge, near the Bridge at Stafford, whereon to Found their Church, Dormitory, Refectory, and all other necessary Buildings, for their habitation there. And in 44 Edw. 3. bestowed Pat. 44 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 14. his Mannor of Rouland Right (now vulgarly called Roll Right) in Com. Oxon. on the Prior and Covent of Cold Norton in that County; to maintain a Canon prepetually to celebrate Divine Service there, for the good estate of himself, during this life, and for the health of his Soul afterwards; as also for the Souls of his Parents, Friends, and all the Faithful decea • ed.

By Margaret his Wife (Daughter and Heir to Hugh de Audley, Earl of Eluces • er, as hath been already observed) he had issue two Sons, viz. Ralph, who took to WifeClaus. 21 Ed. 3. p. 2 m 6. & Claus. 22 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 31. Maud, the Daughter to Henry of Lancaster, Earl of Derby; but diedClaus. 21 Ed. 3. p. 2 m 6. & Claus. 22 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 31. in his Fathers life time without issue; and Hugh, who succeeded him in his Honors: As also four Daughters, viz. Beatrix, WifeEx Autogr. nuper in Castro de Stafford. of Maurice, Son and Heir to Maurice Fitz-Thomas, Earl of Desmond, her PortionEx Autogr. nuper in Castro de Stafford. being a thousand pounds; in lieu whereof, two hundred pound Lands per annum, were setledEx Autogr. nuper in Castro de Stafford. by the said Earl on her, and the Heirs of her Body, begotten by the said Maurice the Son: Which Beatrix surviving him, was secondly marriedPat. 32. Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 4. to Thomas Lord Ros of Hamlake; and after that, toPat. 9 Ric. 2. p. 1. m 40. Sir Richard Burley Knight. Then Ioane married toEx Autogr. nuper in Castro de Stafford. Iohn, the Son and Heir to Sir Iohn Cherleton, Lord Powys: Next, Elizabeth to Claus. 21 Ed. 3. p. 1. in dorso m. 24. Fouke, the Son of Roger le Strange of Whitchurch in Com. Salop. her Portion being also a thousand pounds: And lastly, Margaret toEx Col. • . Erdeswike A • . Sir Iohn Stafford Knight.

And departingEsc. 46 Ed 3. n. 62. this life, ult. Aug. 46 Edw. 3. was buriedMonast. An • lic. Vol. 2. 127 a. n. 50. at Tunbridge in Kent; of whose death, I find this expression by an old MonkMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. K. 84. f. 136 b.,—Eodem anno, u •• imo die mensis Augusti obiit Nobilissimus Comes Staffordiae, Radulphus nomine, apud Tunbrig; homo quondam validus, fortis, audax, bellicosus in armis, strenuus; senio confectus, longo squallore maceratus. Leaving Hugh Esc. 46 〈◊〉 . 3. n. 62. his Son and Heir of full age; and being then seisedEsc. 46 〈◊〉 . 3. n. 62. of the Mannors of Kalilond in Comit. Cornub. Ealding in Com. Cantii; as also of the Mannor and Hundred of Aungre, the Mannor of Stanford and Hersham, in the Town of Haverhil in Com. Essex. Of the Castle and Mannor of Stafford, and Mannor of Bradley, with its Members, viz. Bertherton, Bilinton, Wollaston, Shardecote, Longnore, Stretton, Dunston, Hide, Copinhale, Tillinton, Castell-Forbrigge, Stafford, and Butterhall: As also of the Mannor of Madele, with the Hamlet of Norton; the Mannors of Berlastone, Gretton on the Mores, and D • ditone; with the Hamlets of Radewode, Hertewal, Titnesover, and Stalbroke: Likewise of the Castle of Caus, with its Members in Com. Salop. And in right of the before specified Margaret his Wife, late deceased, of the Mannors of Thornbury and Rindecumbe in Com. Gloc. Ealding in Com. Cancii; the Castle and Mannor of Tunbridge, with its Members, viz. Dachurst in Hadloo; and likewise of the Borough of Blechingleigh, with the Mannors of Ockham and Blethingleigh in Com. Surr.

Which Hugh Hugh. beingEsc 46 Ed. 3. ut supra. then eight and twenty years of age, and following the steps of his noble Father in those Military times, came very early into action; for in 33 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Vascon. 23 Ed. 3 m. 11. in the Wars of France; so likewise inRot. Vascon. 37 Ed. 3. m. 6. 37 Edw. 3. being thenClaus. 37 Ed. 3. m. 24. of full age, and of Prince Edwards RetinueIbid.; as also inRot Vascon. 38 Ed. 3. m. 1. 38 & 40Rot. Vascon. 40 Ed. 3 m. 8. Edw. 3. and in 46 Edw. 3. (soon after his Fathers death) went Rot. Vascon. 46 • . 3. m. 14. to Sea with the King: For which respect, doing his homage, he had LiveryRot. Vascon. 46 • . 3. m. 14. of his Lands, his fealty being respited till his return. Moreover, in 47 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Aleman. 47 Ed. 3. m. 9. in that expedition then made into • landers, being retained by IndentureEx Autogr. pen • s Cleric. Pell. to serve the King for one whole year, with one hundred Men, and an hundred Archers, well and sufficiently armed, mounted, and arrayed, under the Conduct of Iohn, Duke of Lan caster, (then King of Castile and Leon) of which number of Men at Arms; besides himself, there were to be eight Knights, and Fourscore and eleven Esquires: For all which, he was to receive the accustomed Wages of War. And in 49 Edw. 3. accompaniedTho. Wals. in An 13 • 5. p. 184. n 40. the Earls of Cambridge, March, and Warwick, into Britanny, with considerable Forces, in Aid of Iohn de Monfort, then Duke of that Province. Furthermore, in 1 Rich. 2. he was retained by IndentureEx Autogr. pen • s Cler. • ell to serve that King, in his Fleet at Sea, for a quarter and half quarter of the year. And the next year following, uponF • ois 204 a. surprisal of the Castle at Barwick by the Scots, joynedF • ois 204 a. with the Lord Nevill and others in the • iege thereof.

In 4 Rich. 2. he arrivedIbid. 237 a. at Calais, with Thomas de Woodstock, Earl of Buc • ingham; and in 7 Rich. 2. the French and Scots having entred 〈◊〉 Lib. 3 & 4. fol. 10 a. Northumberland, he attended 〈◊〉 Lib. 3 & 4. fol. 10 a. the King in his Army into those parts.

In 8 Rich. 2. he was retainedEx Autogr. pen • s Cleric. Pell. to serve the King in his Scotish Wars for forty days; in which year he obtained LicensePat. 8 Ric. 2. m. 34. for himself and Ralph, his Son and Heir, (who was likewise retained Ex Autogr. pen • s Cleric. Pell. to serve the King in the same expedition) to hunt freely throughout all the Kings Parks, Forests, Chases, and Warrens: As also to fish in all his Rivers and Pools, and to dispose of what he should so take, at his own pleasure. But before the end of that year, his Son Ralph (who then attended 〈…〉 the Queen) was basely murthered 〈…〉 near York, in his passage towards Scotland, by Iohn Holland, Brother (by the Mother) to the King; who thereupon took sanctuary 〈…〉 at Beverley. Which unhappy accident occasioned great contest betwixt this Earl, and the same Iohn Holland; but at length, through the carnest mediationPat. 9 R. 2. of divers Noblemen, that difference was thus finally accorded; viz. p. 2. m. 29. That there should be three Priests maintained, to celebrate Divine Service, for ever, for the health of the Soul of this murthered Ralph, at some certain place near to his Grave. Which Priests were thereupon setledPa • . 11 R. 2 p. 1. m. 9. accordingly at Langley, in that County.

The next ensuing year, viz. 9 Rich. 2. having obtained LicenseRot. Franc. 9 Ric 2. m. 14. to travel, he undertook a Pilgrimage Rot. Franc. 9 Ric 2. m. 14. to the holy Sepulcher of our Lord at Ier • alem; and in order thereto, upon the sixth of April, declared his TestamentCourtney, 〈◊〉 . 220 b. whereby he bequcathed his Body to be buried in the Priory of Stone, near to the Grave of his Wife, in case he should die in England; appointing six large Tapers to be placed about his Herse, and four Morters of Wax; but, that no Horse or Arms should be offered at his Funeral; nor that any Prayers should be thereat, except by Ecclesiastical Persons, with his Allies and Friends. Also, that one hundred poor Men should be cloathed in White, with a Cross behind and before, on their Garments; each of them carrying a Torch, as well on the Vespers, as on the Funeral day. Likewise, That Five hundred Masses should be celebrated for the Souls of his Father and Mother, his Wife, Himself, and all his good doers; as also of all Christians, within one year after his deccase. Moreover, that within the compass of the year after his decease, there should be celebrated for the Souls before mentioned, Fifty Masses, Trentals of S. Gregory, by the most fitting persons that could be found. Of which Testament he constituted Overseers his Cosin the Archbishop of Canterbury, (viz. William Courtney) his Brother the Earl of Warwick, the Lord Nevil, the Earl of Suffolk, and Sir William Beauchamp Knight; to each of whom, he gave a Cup with the Cover gilt.

And by his lastIbid. 2202. Will, bearing date at Iernemuth, upon the fifteenth day of the same Moneth of April, appointed, that his Daughter Ioane should be well and fitly married; and, that out of the profits of his Lands, in the hands of his Feoffce, his three Sons, William, Edmund, and Hugh, should have each of them One hundred pound per annum, during their respective lives. Also that Thomas his Son should have his Coat of Male d'Astere of Naples, and his Helmet made at Bourdeaux, with a Camail d'Astere, as also his Sword made at Turenne, which Sir Raufe Ferrers gave him. And that there should be three Priests ordained to celebrate Divine Service, for the health of his Soul, near to the place of his Burial, for the term of three years next after his decease.

And after this, upon the Twenty first of September next ensuing, beingIbid▪ 〈◊〉 b. then at Rhodes, upon his return from Ierusalem, by a Codicil Ibid▪ 〈◊〉 b. there made, he bequeathed to his Sister Roos, a Gold Ring with a little Diamond; to Margaret de Nevil his Daughter, a large Gold Ring, with a great Diamond set therein; to Katherine de Pole his Daughter, a Fermail of Knots; to Ioane his Daughter, a Golden Fermail with an Heart; and to his Sister Cherleton, a large Gold Ring with a Karrect. Unto which Codicil, Sir William Arundel, and Sir Richard Ludlow, Knights, were witnesses.

And upon the Twenty fifth day of the same Moneth of September (beingSudbu • , f. 226. still at Rhodes) making a farther Declaration of his Testament; gaveSudbu • , f. 226. to Iohn Hinkley his Esquire, Twenty pounds, and to Robert Corbert his Chamberlain, Ten pounds; unto which, his usual Seal, viz. his Helm was affixed.

After which, viz. the next day following, being the Twenty sixth of September, he died 〈…〉 there; whereupon his Corps was brought 〈…〉 over into England, by the same Iohn Hinkley (his Esquire) and buried 〈…〉 with his Ancestors, before the High Altar at Stone; leaving issue 〈…〉 by the Lady Philippa his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 of Thomas Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, Thomas his Son and Heir, at that time Eighteen 〈…〉 years of age; as also four other Sons, viz. 〈…〉 Thomas, William, Edmund, and Hugh. Which Hugh afterwards bore the title of Lord Bourchier, in right of his Wife (as I shall farther shew anon;) and three Daughters, viz. Margaret 〈…〉 married to Ralph Lord Nevill (the first Earl of Westmerland,) Catherine, to Michael 〈…〉 the Son of Michael de l • Pole. To which Katherine, in respect 〈…〉 of the low estate of him the said Michael, King Richard the Second, gaveIbid. Fifty pounds per annum out of the Fee-Farm of Kingston upon Hull, to make up One hundred pound per annum, which was CovenantedIbid. by her Husbands Father, to be setled upon her, Ioane toCatalogue of Nobility by R. B. Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent; and ... toCatalogue of Nobility by R. B. Iohn Lord Ferrers of Chartley.

This last mentioned Earl Hugh, was at the time of his death, seised 〈◊〉 10 R. 2. n. 38. of the Borough of Petersfield, with the Hamlets thereunto belonging, viz. Mapel-Derham, Westone, Nutstead, and Sheet, in Com. Southampt. Of the Mannors of Cornhampton and Burbach; the Hamlet of Up-Clatford; the Borough of Bedewind, the Mannor of Wexcomb, the Hundred of Kinewardeston, and the Mannors of Orcham and Knowle in Com. Wilts. Of the Mannors of Blechingle, Ocham, and Burgham, in Com. Surr. Of the Castle and Mannor of Aungre, with the Mannor of Horsham in Com. Essex. Of two parts of the Mannor of Calilond in Com. Cornub. Of the Mannor of Thornbury, with its Members, viz. Oldely, Kington, Morton, Falefeld, and Mars; with the Mannors of Rendcumbe and Estington, all in Com. Glocest. Of the Castle and Town of Newport, with its Members; as also of the Mannor and Lordship of Maghun, with the Forest, in the Marches of Wales. Of the Mannor and Hundred of Rothwel, Whiston, Glapthorne; with the Villages of Southwike, Piriho, Tansover, Glapthorne, and Cotherstoke, in Com. Northampt. Of the Castle and Mannor of Tunbridge, with its Members, viz. The Mannors of Dacheherst, Hado, and Bradstead; as also of the Mannor of Ea • ding, all in Com. Cantii. Of the Mannors of Little Brickhil, and Easington, with the Advowsons of the Abbey of Nutley, and Priory of Newenton-Longevile in Com. Buck. Of the Mannors of Wawens-Wotton, and Tiesho, in Com. Warr. Of the Advowsons of the Priories of Huntingdon, and S. Neots, in Com. Hunt. Of the Castle of Caus, and three parts of the Mannor of Caus, in Com. Salop. And of the Castle of Stafford, with its Members in Com. Staff.

I now come to Thomas Thomas. his Son, and Successor in his Honors.

This Thomas, the same year his Father died (and a little before his decease) by reason of an Invasion, then threatned 〈…〉 from the French, was by Indenture 〈…〉 retained to serve the King, for the present defence of the Realm. And afterwards, viz. in 13 Rich. 2. again retained 〈…〉 for term of life; taking, in time of War, so much Wages as by the Kings Council and his own, should be reasonably thought fit. So likewise in times of Peace; the King thereupon pardoning 〈…〉 him the Sum of Three thousand marks, wherein he was indebted to him for his Marriage.

The next year following, viz. in 14 Rich. 2. making proof 〈…〉 of his age, and doing his homage, he had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands; and was then, viz. upon the death of Ralph, the last Lord Basset of • raiton, found 〈…〉 to be one of his Coheirs, viz. Son of Hugh, Son of Ralph, Son of Margaret; Sister of Ralph Basset, Father of Ralph, Father of the said Ralph, who died the preceding year. Moreover, in 15 Rich. 2. he served 〈…〉 the King in his Wars of France, under the conduct of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Glocester. And by his TestamentEx Autogr. in Castr • de Stafford., bearing date 7 Octob. the same year, bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Priory of Stone. After which, upon the fourth of Iuly, 16 Rich. 2. he departed 〈◊〉 16 R. 2 n. 27. this life, leaving William William. his Brother and Heir 〈◊〉 16 R. 2 n. 27. Fourteen years of age; for by Anne his Wife, Daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Glocester, he had no issue. Whereupon the custody of all his Castles and Lands, whereof he died seised, were committedPat. 18 R 2. p. 2. m. 10. to the before specified Duke of Glocester.

But departingEsc. 22 R. 2. n. 46. Claus. 2 Hen. 4. p. 1. m 23. this life within two years following, viz. 6 April, 18 Rich. 2. being then in WardEsc. 22 R. 2. n. 46. Claus. 2 Hen. 4. p. 1. m 23. to the King; Edmund Edmund 2. his next Brother Esc. 22 R. 2. n. 46. Claus. 2 Hen. 4. p. 1. m 23. succeeded in the Inheritance, beingEsc. 22 R. 2. n. 46. Claus. 2 Hen. 4. p. 1. m 23. at that time Twenty years of age.

Which Edmund, in 22 Rich. 2. by vertue of the Kings special LicensePat 22 R. 2. p. 1. m 30., married Anne the Widow of his elder Brother Thomas (viz. Daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Glocester, SisterEsc. 2 H. 4. n. 48. and Coheir to Eleanor her Mother, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Humprey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex) whom, by reason of her tender years, he never enjoyed.

At the Coronation of King Henry the Fourth, this Edmund wasCod MS. p • nès custodem magnae Garderobae fol. 1. one of the Knights of the Bathe, then created with Sacred Ceremonies, in honor of that high solemnity; as was alsoCod MS. p • nès custodem magnae Garderobae fol. 1. Hugh his younger Brother. After which, in the very same year, he had an AssignationClaus. 1 H. 4. p. 2. m. 10. of his Purparty in all those Knights-Fees, which by Inheritance belonged to the before specified Eleanor, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex. So likewiseRot. Fin. 1 Hen. 4. m. • . of the Purparty, belonging to her the said Anne, in all the Castles and Lands, appertaining to her the said Eleanor, viz. The Castle and Mannor of Plecy, the Mannors of High Estre and Berewike, the Mannor of Farnham; the Fee of the Earl of Essex, amounting to Forty pound ten shillings ten pence per annum; the Court of the Honor of High Estre; the Mannors of Hasele and Piriton, with the view of Frank-Pledge there; two parts of the Mannors of Woodspene in Com. Berks. and the Court of Hertford in Com. Hertf. And in 2 Hen. 4. making proofClaus. 2 Hen 4. p. 1. m 23. of his age, and doing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 2 Hen 4. p. 1. m 23. of all his other Lands, which by descent from Thomas, and William, his Brothers, and the before specified Ralph Lord Basset, lying in England, Ireland, and Wales, or the Marches of Wales, belonged unto him.

Moreover, the next year following, Isabel, one other of the Sisters of the said Anne, taking Rot. • in. 3 Hen. 4. m 11. upon her the habit of a Nun, in the Minorelses without Aldgate, within the Suburbs of London; he had farther LiveryRot. • in. 3 Hen. 4. m 11., in Right of her the said Anne his Wife, of her Purparty, of all those Lands, which by Inheritance appertained to the said Isabel. So likewise in 4 Hen. 4. uponRot. • in 4 Hen. 4. m. 14. the death of Ioane, Wife of Ralph Lord Basset of Draiton, ofRot. • in. 4 Hen. 4. m. 14. all those Lordships and Lands, which by Inheritance belonged to him, as Heir to the • ame Lord Basset; and which she the said Ioane, until that time held in Dower. But being slainYpod N. in Anno 1403. the same year, upon S. Mary Magdalens day, in the Battle of Shrewsbury, fighting there valiantly onYpod N. in Anno 1403. the Kings part; was buriedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 127 b. n 30. in the Quire of the Friers-Augustines at Stafford, under a Tomb before the High Altar.

Unto the which place, all the other Monuments of this great and honorable Family, at sundry times erected in the Priory of Stone (whereof they had been Founders) were removed 〈…〉 , upon the dissolution of that House (with the rest) in 30 Hen. 8. With hopes that these poor Fryeries, which had no endowment of Lands, nor any other support, than by the charity of good people, might have thenceforth been spared: Nevertheless, notwithstanding the first pretence • onast. Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 10. 8. for that stupendious dissolution, was meerly of such Religious Houses as had not Lands of above Two hundred pounds per annum value; and the reason thereof, for that, through their ill Government, God was dishonored: After, that by other artifices, the greater Monasteries were supprest, though there was a special ClauseRot. Pa • l. de cod • m anno. in the first Act of 27 Hen. 8. that such as the King had a mind to continue; and under his Great Seal, signific his Royal Pleasure to that purpose, should be preserved: And, that accordingly he did so by divers, which had but slender Revenues; and in particular of many Fryeries, which solely consisted of Mendica • ts, and had no Lands: Yet, at the length, their Plate, rich Shrines, and other things of value, which they had, exposed them to the like fate, as the rest had suffered under; amongst which, this of the Friers-Augustines in Stafford came to be destroyed; and therein all those fair and costly Tombs of this most noble Family (whereof some had been originally placed therein) were miserably torn to pieces, and buried under the heap of its deplorable ruines,

The Lands whereof this last mentioned Earl died seised, were these, viz. Esc. 4 Hen. 4. • . 41. The Mannor of Wodeford juxta Byfield in Com. Northampt. The Castle of Huntendon, with its Members, in Com. Heref. The Mannor of Wexcomb, and Hundred of Kinewardeston; as also the Mannors of Orcheston-Mary, and Knowley, in Com. Wilts. The Town of Petersfield, with the Hamlets belonging thereto, viz. Maple-Derham, Westone, •• utstew, and Sheet; as also the Mannor of Cornhampton, all in Com. South. The Borough of Blechingleigh, with the Mannors of Blechingleigh, and Oakham, in Com. Surr. The Mannors of Tisho, Whatcoat, and Wawens-Wotto • , in Com. Warr. The Mannor of Cal • lond, in Com. Cornub. The Mannor of Kneshail in Com. Nottingh. Wells and Sheringham in Com. Norf. Destining and Haverhull in Com. Suff. The Borough of Thornbury, with its Members, viz. Olbery, Kinoton, Morton, and Fulfield; the Mannors of Rindecumb, Whitenhurst, and the Castle of Caldecot, in Com. Gloc. The Castle and Borough of Newport, the Dominion of Wenlouke, with its Members, viz. Stow, Remping, Dyveles, Penkarne, Deffren-Ebbeth▪ also the Mannor of Maghum, with the Lordship and Forest, all in the Marches of Wales. Likewise the Castle and Mannor of •• eshy, the Mannors of Great Waltham, High Estre, Shenefield, Wikes, Farnham, Castle-Angre; Hershaw, with its appurtenances in Haverhull; and Hundred of Angre, in Com. Essex. The Mannor of Nothamstead, in the Town of Berkway in Com. Hertf. Gretwel and Long-Benington in Com. Linc. Brickhill, Esyngton, and Newenton Blossenvile, in Com. Buck. The Castle and Town of Tunbridge, with the Mannors of Hadlow and Ealding in Com. Cantii; the Castle and Lordship of Caus, with its Members, viz. The Borough of Worthin, and Hamlets of Minsterley, Fordon, Over-Garther, Nether-Garther, Baghaltrey, Walhope; the Chase of Hoxstow, called the Hey, and the Brethyn, with the Hamlets of Hope and Adeston, in Com. Salop, and Marches of Wales; the Mannor and Hundred of Rothewell, the Mannors of Glapthorne, Thorpe-Lobenham; Wodeford juxta Ryfield and Whiston, in Com. Northampt. Also the Castle of Stafford, and Mannor of Bradley, with its Members; two parts of the Mannor of Hide, the Mannor of Madeley, Under Lime; the Hamlets of Rudewood, Dodington, and Staibroke; the Mannor of Norton on the Mores, with the Hamlet of Grotton, and Mannor of Packinton, all in Com. Staff.

Leaving issue Humphrey Humphre • . his Son and Heir, then very young (for he was foundEsc. 1. H. 6. n. 33. to be but twenty years of age in 1 Hen. 6.) and two Daughters, viz. Philippa who died 〈…〉 in her Childhood; and Anne who became the Wife 〈…〉 of Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, and afterwards 〈…〉 of Iohn Holland, Earl of Huntingdon. Which Anne lieth buriedStows Survey, p. 117. in the Hospital of S. Katherines, near the Tower of London.

But Anne his Wife (Daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Glocester, as hath been already observed) survived him long; and by her TestamentChichley. Vol. 1. 4 • 92., bearing date 16 Octob. 17 Hen. 6. bequeathed her Body to be buried in the Abbey-Church of Lanthony, near Glocester; where she ordained a Tomb to be made in her life time. To which Church she bequeathed One hundred marks; and gave Twenty pound per annum, for the term of twenty years, to find three Priests to celebrate Divine Service for her, during that time, in the Colledge of Plecy. Of which Testament she constituted Thomas Bourchier, Bishop of Worcester, Henry Bourchier, Earl of Ewe; William Bourchier, and Iohn Bourchier (her Sons, by William Bourchier, Earl of Ewe, in Normandy, her second Husband) and Sir Nicholas Wimbush Clerk, her Executors; and diedLib. 〈◊〉 17 Hen 6▪ p. 〈◊〉 . in 17 Hen. 6. Humphrey, Earl of Stafford, her Son, beingLib. 〈◊〉 17 Hen 6▪ p. 〈◊〉 . then Six and twenty years of age.

Moreover, designing 〈…〉 a competent maintenance for two Cannons to celebrate Divine Service, in the same Abbey of Lanthany, where her Body, with the Body of Sir William Bourchier Knight, her second Husband, were buried 〈…〉 , for the good estate of King Henry the Sixth, Humphrey, Duke of Buckingham, Thomas Bourchier, Bishop of Ely, Henry Viscount Bourchier, William Bourchier, Lord Fitz-Warine, and Iohn Bourchier Lord Berners, her Sons, during their respective lives in this World; as also for the health of their Souls, after their departure hence, and for to keep the Obits of her and her Husband Sir William Bourchier there, for ever, and not 〈…〉 performing that her purpose in her life time: These her Sons above mentioned, in 32 Hen. 6. obtaining then License 〈…〉 from the King, did, to that end, purchase 〈…〉 Lands and Rents, to the value of Twenty pound per annum, and setledIbid. the same for the future compleating thereof. But I return.

This Humphrey, so succeeding his Father, was retainedEx • Au •• g. penès Cleri • . Pell. to serve the King in his Wars beyond Sea, in 9 Hen. 5. (being then about Nineteen years of age) by IndentureE • . Au •• g. penès Cleri • . Pell., bearing date May the first, for the one half of that year, with ten Men at Arms, himself accounted one; and thirty Archers, mounted, armed, and arrayed, according to their qualities; taking for himself Six shillings eight pence per diem Wages; for the rest of his Men at Arms twelve pence, and for his Archers six pence; as also all prisoners, if he and his men should have fortune to take any, during the time before-limited; excepting Kings and Kings Sons; and more especially Charles, called the Dauphin of Viennois, and other great Commanders of the Blood Royal: and likewise, excepting those who • lew Iohn, late Duke of Burgoigne, or that were knowing and consenting thereto.

And in 2 Hen. 6. making proofClaus. 2 Hen 6. m. 9. of his age, and doing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 2. Hen 6. m. 9. of his Lands; as also of all those Lands, which descended to him by the death of Sir Hugh Stafford Knight, his Uncle, without issue.

In 6 Hen. 6. this Earl obtained LicensePat. 6 H 6. p. 1. m. 8. from the King, to be absent from the Realm of Ireland for ten years; nevertheless, to receive the Revenue of all his Castles, Lordships, and Lands there: And in 8 Hen. 6. was again retained by IndentureEx Autogr. penès Cleric. Pell., to serve the King for one whole year in his Wars of France, with two Knights, ninety seven Men at Arms, and two hundred and forty Archers.

In 9 Hen. 6. he personally attendedRot. Fin. 9 H. 6. m. 30. the King into France, and there continuedRot. Franc. 10 Hen. 6. m. 14. the next year following, scil. 10 Hen. 6. (King Henry being then Crowned in Paris.)

In 14 Hen. 6. he was again retainedEx ipso Autogr. penès Cleric. Pell. to serve the King in his Wars of France for one Moneth, for the releif of Calais, with fourscore Knights, and five hundred twenty and three Archers.

In 16 Hen. 6. he obtainedEx Autogr. penes W. D 〈◊〉 Ar. the Castle of Marstoke in Com. Warr. by exchange with Sir Iohn Clinton Knight, for certain Lands in Northamptonshire; after which, he resided much there, as by divers of his Grants, bearing date at that Castle, may appear.

And in 19 Hen. 6. was made Captain 〈…〉 of the Town of Calais, and Towor of Risbanke; as also of the Marches of Calais: being retained by Indenture 〈…〉 , for that service, by the space of ten years; bearing then the stile, and title of Earl of Buckingham, Stafford, Northampton, and Perch, and having 〈…〉 with him two hundred and sixty Men at Arms, himself accounted.

In 21 Hen. 6. upon the death of Ioan, Countess of Kent, (Widow of Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent,) he was found 〈…〉 to be her Heir, viz. Son of Edmund, Earl of Stafford, Brother to the same Ioan.

And in 22 Hen. 6. by an Indenture 〈…〉 bearing date at London, 13 Febr. wherein he is stiled The Right Mighty Prince, Humphrey, Earl of Buckingham, Hereford, Stafford, Northampton, and Perch; Lord of Brecknock, and of Holderness, then Captain of the Town of Calais; he retained Sir Philip Chetwind Knight, as his Lieutenant of the Castle of Calais, for one whole year, with twenty nine Men at Arms on Foot, and twenty Archers; whereof two Men at Arms on Foot and four Archers, to be of the said Sir Philips own Retinue. Which Sir Philip was for that service to have sixteen pence per diem for himself; for each of his Men at Arms eight pence, and for his Archers six pence: And for himself, his Lady, and a Gentlewoman with her; and a Gentleman, and two Yeomen of his own Retinue, Bouch of Court, and twenty pounds per annum, of special reward; or else allowance for their Bouch of Court, according as other Soldiers of their degree used to have; as also for their Skippeson, and Reskippeson.

Moreover, in 23 Hen. 6. 14 Sept. by reason Cart. 23 Hen 6 • • 23. Pat. 15 • . 4. pag. 1. m 1 • per • n • pex. of his near Alliance in Blood; as alsoCart. 23 Hen 6 • • 23. Pat. 15 • . 4. pag. 1. m 1 • per • n • pex., for his eminent services, as well in the time of King Henry the Fifth, as since, both in France, and England; and likewiseCart. 23 Hen. 6 • • 23. Pat. 15 • . 4. pag. 1. m 1 • per • n • pex. in the defence of the Town of Calais, and Marches adjacent, he was advancedCart. 23 Hen. 6 • • 23. Pat. 15 • . 4. pag. 1. m 1 • per • n • pex. to the Title of Duke of Buckingham, to hold to himself and the Heirs-male of his Body, with the Fee of Forty pound per annum, out of the Counties of Bedf. and Bu • ks. Moreover, in Iune following, he was again retained by IndentureEx Autogr. 〈…〉 . Pell., to serve the King as Captain of the Castle of Calais, during his life, with twenty nine Men at Arms on foot, and twenty Archers on foot; taking two shillings per diem for himself, and for his Men at Arms and Archers six pence. And soon after that, was sent AmbassadorPat. 23 H. 6. p. 2. m. 11. with the Archbishop of York, and others, to treat with the Ambassadors of Charles of France, the Kings Uncle, touching a perpetual Peace betwixt both Crowns.

But, being thus created Duke of Buckingham, ther soon hapnedCart. ab. A • . 〈◊〉 usque 2; H. 6. n. 24. thereupon, great animosities betwixt him, and Henry Bea • cham • , Duke of Warwick; to whom the King had givenCart. ab. A • . 〈◊〉 usque 2; H. 6. n. 24. precedence next before him: For the appeasing whereof, there was a special actEx • und Petic. in Parl. 23 Hen. 6. n. • 2. made in Parliament, viz. that they should have precedence by turns; the one one year, and the other the next, and so alternately during their lives: And the Survivor, during his life, to have precedence of the others Heir; but afterwards such of the Heirs of each, who should first happen to have Livery of his Lands, to have precedence of the others Heir, and the Duke of Warwick to take place the first year. Which Duke of Warwick, departing this life about two years after, without Issue-male; this Duke obtained a special Grant 〈…〉 bearing date 22 May, 25 Hen. 6. unto himself and his Heirs, for precedence above all Dukes whatsoever, whether in England or France, excepting only such as were of the Blood Royal. Moreover, in 28 Hen. 6. he was madePat 28 H. 6. p 2. m. 19. Constable of Dover Castle; as also of the Castle at Quinborongh, and Warden of the Cinque-Ports. And, in 34 Hen. 6. after Polyd. 〈◊〉 . p. 5 4 n 20, 30 & 〈◊〉 . that fatal Battle of S. Albans, where the Duke of York, being victorious, Humphrey, Earl of Stafford his eldest Son lost his life; seeingPolyd. 〈◊〉 . p. 5 4 n 20, 30 & 〈◊〉 . what specious pretences were made by that party, to captivate the people; he, with the Duke of Sommerset, gotPolyd. 〈◊〉 . p. 5 4 n 20, 30 & 〈◊〉 . privately to Queen Margaret, and gave her notice of the danger: For which great adventures, and inconsideration Pat. 〈◊〉 H 6. p. • . m • . of his vast expences, in attending the King, in those turbulent times, as well in Kent, against his adversaries then in Arms, as in other places; in 38 Hen. 6. he obtained a grant 〈…〉 of all those Fin • s, which Walter Devereux of Webley, in Com. Heref. Esquire, William Hastings of Birby, in Com Leicest. Esq and Walter Hopton of ... in Com Salop. Esq were to make to the King for their transgressions.

As to his works of piety, all that I have seen is; that in 24 Hen. 6. he setled 〈…〉 an hundred marks per annum Lands and Rents, upon the Dean and Canons of his Free-Chappel at Stafford, for the perpetual maintenance of certain Priests there, to celebrate Divine Service, for the good estate of himself; and of Margaret then Queen of England; as also 〈…〉 of Anne his own Wife, during their lives here; Likewise, for the health of their Souls, after their departure hence; and for the Souls, of all the faithful dec • ased.

By his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date at Marstoke Castle 16 Aug • t. anno 1460. (38 H. 6.) he appointed, that his Funeral should be solemnized without any sumptous costs or charge: and that on the day of his Obit, and Funeral, two hundred Marks in Money should de distributed to poor people, to pray for his Soul, over and above all other costs, that day, in Meat, Drink, Cloathing of his Servants; and Cloathing and Reward to poor men, holding of Tapers. Also, that the Canons of Marstoke, should before his decease have an hundred pounds in money, to purchase Lands to the value of an hundred shillings per annum, which, if it were done in his life, they should therewith augment that Covent with one Canon more, for ever; so that thenceforth there might be fourteen, the Prior for the time being, accompted for one. Of which number one should sing daily, and pray for his Soul; and for the Souls of his ancestors; as also the Souls of his Wife and Children, at the Altar in the North Isle of the conventual Church at Marstoke abovesaid.

And moreover willed thereby, his Colledge of Plecy in Essex (of the Foundation of Sir Thomas of Wodstoke, late Duke of Gloucester, his Grandfather) should be augmented with three Priests perpetually, and six poor men; to pray for his Soul, and for the Souls of his ancestors, his Wife and Children. And, that there should be purchased, and lawfully amortized to the said Colledge, by his Executors (in case it were not done in his own life time) for the augmentation and sustenance of the Master and Brethren of the said Colledge, and of the said three Priests, and poor men; Lands and Tenements, to the yearly value of an hundred Marks: whereof every of the said seven poor men, to have every week twelve pence, for his sustenance; and to find himself, except Housing; which he appointed to be built there for them, by the advice of his Executors. And, that there should be builded on the North side of the Church of the said Colledge, a Chappel to be hallowed, in the worship of the Trinity, and our Lady. Moreover, that there might be found and said, in the said Chappel, after that it should be so made and hallowed, a Mass of our Lady; whereunto the said seven poor men to come daily, except they were letted by sickness, to pray for the Souls abovesaid. Of which Testament he ordained Executors, his Wife as principal; and his Brother of Canterbury.

But the date of this Will is certainly mistaken: it should (doubtless) be 16 August. ann. 1459. which falls out to be in 37 Hen. 6. for on the 6 Kalend. of August (which is 27 Iuly) 38 H. 6. this Duke was slainChron. MS voc •• le Quite de Dover. in the Battle of Northampton, fightingChron. MS voc •• le Quite de Dover. stoutly there on the Kings part; and buryed (as our Historians say) in the Gray Friers at Northampton, though others Lel. Itin. Vol. 1. f. 9. affirm, that many of the slain were buried in that Monastry there, called De lo pre; and others in S Iohns Hospital.

By the InquisitionEsc. 38 & 39 H. 6. n 3 • . taken after the death of this Duke; it is found, that he died upon the tenth of Iuly in 38 Hen. 6. and that Henry, Henry. Son of Humphrey his eldest Son (who was slain in the Battle of S. Albans, 22 Maii, 33 Henr. 6. as hath been already observed) was his next Heir, and at that time somewhat more then five years of age. Moreover that he then died seized of the Mannor ot Brustwyke, with the Hamlets thereunto belonging, commonly called the Dominion of Holderness, in Com. Ebor. likewise of the Mannor of Desenyng, with its members, as also the Mannor of Hoverhull, and Mannor of Cavenham, called Shardlows, in Com Suff. of the Mannor of Stratton-Audley, in Com. Oxon. Ratcliffe upon Sore, and Kneshall, in Com. Notting. Okeham, Camerwell, Blechynglegh, with the Burrough; Essyngham, Chepsted, Waldingham, Tillington, Caterham, Parke • e, Upwode, Galiere, and Halingbury in Comitat. Surr. of the Castle, Town, and Lordship of Kymbalton, and Mannor of Swynstede, a member thereof in Comit. Hunt. of the Mannor of Lalleford, Wawens-Wotton, and Tiesho, in Com. Warr. as also jointly with Anne his Wife, then surviving; of the Mannor of Marstoke, and Advowson of the Priory of S. Michael there, and Mannor of Sheldon, called East-Hall, and West-Hall, in the same County. Of the Mannors of Kings-Hatfeild, Bramsha, Hersham, Fobbing, Haydon; as also the Hundreds of Dngre and Harlawe, Writle, and Boyton, Stanford-Rivers, Tracyes, Suttons, Pygesland, Botilles, and Brigges, in Com. Essex. of the Mannors of Hardwyke, and Tilbroke, in Com. Bedf. of the Mannors of Buckingham, and Brorton, Newenton-Bloffonvite, Clifton, Polycote, Esynton parva, ... and Agmundesham, in Com. Buck. of the Mannor of As • an, with the Castle and Lordship of Caus, in Com. Salop. of the Castle, Mannor and Lordship of Okham, with its members, in Com. Rotel. of the Mannors of Rothwell, Navesby, Hakelton, and Pedynton in Com. Northam. of the Castle and Mannor of Tonebrige, and Mannors of Haddelowe, Dachehurst, Brastede, Edenbrugge, Ealdynge, Pe • shurst, and Bayhalle, in Com. Cantii; of the Castle and Mannor of Stafford, with the Mannors of Billington, Bradley, Tillyngton, Madeley, Eaton, Darlaston, Dodyngton, Stalbroke, Packyngton, and fourth part of the Mannor of Blymenhull, in Com. Staff. of the Mannor of Rondecumbe; the Castle, Town, and Lordship of Newport, with its members, the Mannors of Th • rnbury, Hersfeild, Estinton, and Alkerton; in the County of Gloucester and Marches of Wales; and lastly, of the Castle, Mannor and Dominion of Brecknock; the Castle, Mannor, and Lordship of Huntindon, with the Mannor of Ionesield, and Dominion of Talgarth, in the County of Hereford, and Marches of Wales.

The issue which this great Duke had by Anne his Wife, Daughter to Ralph Nevill, the first Earl of Westmorland, were seven Sons; viz. Humphrey (commonly called Humphrey Earl of Stafford) slain in the Battle 〈…〉 of S. Albans, in 34 H. 6. Richard, who died 〈…〉 in his Childhood; Sir Henry Stafford Knight, who married 〈…〉 Margaret Countess of Richmund, Mother to K. Henry the seventh. Which Sir Henry, by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 2 Octob. ann. 1481. (21 E. 4.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Colledge of Plessie, in Comit. Essex. and gave an hundred and sixty pounds to buy twelve marks worth of Livelode by year, to be amortized, for the finding of an honest and fiting Priest, to sing for his Soul, in the said Colledge of Plashe, for evermore. And to his Son in law the Earl of Richmund, a Trappur of four new Horse-Harnish of Velvet. To his Brother Iohn Earl of Wiltshire, his Bay Courser; and to Reynold Bray, his Receiver general, his Grizeld Horse; Of which Testament he ordained Margaret Countess of Richmund, his Wife his Executrix, The other Sons of this Duke were these; viz. Edmund 〈…〉 ; George 〈…〉 and William 〈…〉 , twins; and Iohn Stafford Earl of Wiltshire, (of whom I shall speak farther by and by.) As also five Daughters; viz. 〈…〉 Anne first married to Aubrey de Vere, and afterwards to Sir Thomas Cobham Knight, Son to Reginald Lord Cobham of Sterborough; Ioane toPat. 7. E. 4. p • . m. • 2. William Viscount Beaumont, and afterwards toVinc. Corr. ut supra. Sir William Knevet of Buckenham, in Com. Norff. Knight; Elizabeth Vinc. Corr. ut supra., Margaret Vinc. Corr. ut supra., and Katherine toVinc. Corr. ut supra. Iohn Lord Talbot, the third Earl of Shrewsbury, of that Family.

Which Anne surviving him, had for her dowry, an assignationPat. 39 H 6. m. 11. of the Mannor and Lordship of Kings-Hatfeild, with its members; also the Mannor of Fobbyng, with the Hundreds of Dngre, and Harlowe, in Comit. Essex. the Mannor of Desnyng in Comit. Suff. as also the Mannor of Haverhill, with the Hamlet of Hersham, in Com. Suff. and Essex. the Mannors of Wawens-Wotton, and Tiesho in Com. Warr. the Castle and Mannor of Dkham, with its members, in Comitat. Rotel. the Mannor and Hundred of Rothwell, with the Burrough of Rothwell and Mannor of Glapthorn, in Com. Northamp. the Mannor of Okham, in Com. Surr. the Mannor of Pakintone, in Com. Staff. with the Mannors of Agmondesham, and Little-Brickhill, in Com Buck.

Shortly after which, being 〈…〉 married again to Sir Walter Blount Knight, Lord Montjoy, she obtained Licence 〈…〉 to amortize certain Lands, to the value of forty Marks per annum to the Collegiate Church of Plecy in Comitat. Essex. where she had designed that her body should be buried, with the Duke her former Husband; for the better support of the Warden and Priests of that Colledge, in celebrating Divine Service there, for the health of their Souls.

And by her Testament 〈…〉 , ordained her body to be buried in the Collegiat Church of Plecy (before specified) did appoint; that wheresoever she should happen to decease; that her Executors should cause her Body to be carried, in as secret wise as conveniently they might, into the same Church; setting all pomp and pride of the World apart; so that the cost thereof, and her Obiit, amount not to above an hundred pounds. Likewise, that in all hast, after her decease, every Priest in Sion, as also in the Charter-house of London, and Charter-house of Shene, have every of them twenty pence, to pray for the Soul of her most dear and best beloved Husband Huphmrey, late Duke of Buckingham, her own, and all her Childrens Souls; in five Masses, to be said and sung by every of the said Priests, with five Diriges, for the said Souls. And, that the Anker in the Wall, besides Bishopsgate, London, have six shillings and eight pence, to pray in twenty Masses, for the Souls before-mentioned, and say twenty Diriges for them. Moreover, she gave to her Son of Buckingham, a pair of Basons gilt; and a Bed of the Salutation of Our Lady, with the hangings of the Chamber, of Antelopes. To her Daughter Beaumond, a pair of Basons of Silver covered, party-gilt, wherein she her self used to wash. To her Son of Wiltshire, a Sperver, called a Bed, of red Velvet party-gold; with a Counterpart to the same of Scarlet. To her Daughter Richmond a Book of English, being a Legend of Saints, a Book of French called Lucun; another Book of French, of the Epistles and Gospels; and a Primmer with Clasps of Silver gilt, covered with Purple Velvet: and to her Daughter Montjoy, a pair of Pottle-Pots of Silver: And diedEsc. 20 E. 4. n. 40. 20 Sept. 20 E. 4.

To this last mentioned Duke, succeeded Henry his GrandsonCatal. of Nob. by▪ R. B. and Heir; viz. Son of Humphrey Earl of Stafford, (who was slain in the Batle of S. Albans) by Margaret Catal. of Nob. by▪ R. B. his Wife, Daughter and CoheirCatal. of Nob. by▪ R. B. to Edmund Duke of Somerset, who, being in WardPat. 4. E. 4 • p. 1. m 18. to K. Edward the fourth, in respect of his Minority, was, together with Humphrey his Brother, committedPat. 4. E. 4 • p. 1. m 18. to the tuition of Anne (Dutchess of Exeter) the Kings Sister, with an assignationPat. 4. E. 4 • p. 1. m 18. of five hundred Marks per annum, for their maintenance, to be received out of the Lordships of Brecknock, Newport, Wenthloye, Hay, and Huntington, all in South-Wales.

During the remanent part of King Edward the fourths Reign, I find nothing more of this Duke Henry; but soon after, it is saidStows A •• l, that he speedily dispatched one Pershal, his trusty Servant, in all hast, unto Richard Duke of Gloucester, then in the North; and that Pershall being privatly admitted to speak with him, in the dead of the night, told him; that his Master had sent him, to offer him his service; and that he would wait on him with a thousand good Fellows if need were. Likewise, that thanks being returned, and some secret Instructions from Richard, the Messenger went back; and, within few daies met with him again at Notingham. Moreover, that when Richard came to Northampton, this our Duke himself with three hundred Horse, received him there; and that having long conferencePol. Virg p. 540 & Ibid. n. 20. with him, it was beleivedPol. Virg p. 540 & Ibid. n. 20. that the designe for effecting what soon after followed, was there privily laid: for after that time, it was observed that he stood up vigorously for Richard; and, as one of his cheif confidents, was (with some others) sentIbid. 542▪ n. 20. to the Queen (who fearing the destruction of her Sons, by the Duke of Gloucester, their Uncle, had takenIbid. Sancttuary with them at Westminster) by fair pretences and promises, to gainIbid. them out of her hands.

Which being done, and Hastings, late Lord Chamberlain to King Edward the fourth (whose furtherance in his wicked purposes he despaired to obtain) cutIbid. 543. n. 30. shorter by the Head; lest Morton Bishop of Ely (a person of singular prudence and Gravity) might stand in his way, he committed Ibid. 54 • . him to the custody of this Duke; who thereupon fentIbid. 54 • . him to his Castle of Brecknock, in Wales.

And having so done, to secure this Duke the more firmly to his ends, he madePat 1 E. 5. m • . him Cheif Justice of all South-Wales, and North-Wales; as also ConstablePat 1 E. 5. m • . of the Castles of Caermardyn, Cardigan, and divers other in those parts; his Patent bearing date 18 Maii (Richard being then Protector, and King Edward the fifth alive.) Nay an AuthorChron. MS. Joh. R • us in 〈◊〉 Cotton. p. 269. of that time reports that he gave him all his riches (so that he then made his boast, that he had as many Liveries of Staffords Knotts, as Richard Nevill the late great Earle of Warwick had of Ragged Staves) with large promifes of far greater Matters, as I shall shew anon. Wherewith being corrupted, he stuck at nothing that might carry on that Tragical designe, which both of them had so closely layd; for our HistoriansStow & Hol •• sh▪ in • odem anno. tell us; that in the time of Dr. Shaa's Sermon at Pauls Cross, where that Doctor endeavored to make the people beleive, that the Children of K. E. 4. were not l • gitimate; and upon the coming in of the Protector, said; This is the Fathers own Figure, his own Countenance, &c. it was observed, that this Duke accompanied him. And two days following came21 Ju • ii to Guild-Hall, (where the Lord Mayor and Aldermen and Commons of the City were assembled) and in a long Oration, depraving the Government of King Edward the fourth by sundry instances; represented to them the illegitimacy of his Children; much magnifying that Sermon preached by Dr. Shaa, on the Sunday before: and withall insinuating, that K. Edward the fourth himself was not lawfully begotten; but that Richard Duke of Gloucester, the then Protector, was the really begotten Son of Richard Duke of York; telling them, that all those things well considered, together with the Knightly prowess, and manifold virtues of the Protector; that the Nobles and Commons of England, especially of the North, were determined to make their humble Petition unto him, to take upon him the Government of the Realm.

MoreoverIbid., the next day after; having procured another meeting of the Lord Mayor,22 Junii. Aldermen, and Chief Commoners of the City, at Baynards-Castle; the Protector likewise meeting them there; as the Mouth of them all, he humbly desired him, to take upon him the Rule. Which, when the Protector seemed modestly to deny; he answered that it was finally determined by the Realm, that King Edwards Line should no longer Reign: And so it happned; for that very day, or the night ensuing, was that horrid Murther of the young King and his Brother, committed secretly in the Tower of London.

FurthermoreIbid., soon after this; viz. upon the fifth of Iuly, he rode with him in State from the Tower to Westminster, through the City of London: And the day following, in that solemn Proceeding from Westminster Hall, unto the Abby, in order to his Coronation6 Julii., bore his Train, with a white Staff in his hand, signifying the Office of Lord High Steward of England, for that day.

Having thus been the principal Agent in advancing Richard to the Throne; and thereupon pressing his performance of what had been privately promised this new King signed a BillEx ipso antogr. in Castr • de Stafford., for Livery of all those Lands unto him, whereunto he pretended a right by descent from Humphrey de Bohun, sometime Earl of Hereford, and Constable of England. An abstract whereof I have here inserted; together with a Schedule of the Castles and Mannors affixed thereto.

R. R.

RIchard, by the grace of God, King of England, &c. To all, &c. Know ye, that We, not only considering, that our right trusty, and right enryrely beloved Cosyn, Henry Duke of Buckinhgam, is Cosyn and Heir of Blood to Humphrey Bohun Earl of Hereford; and rightfull Inheritor of such Inheritances, as were of the same late Earl: but also the true, feythfull, and laudable service, the which our seid Cosyn hath in many sundry wisez done unto us, to our right singular wele and plesure. Considering also and understanding, that the Mannors, Lordships, and Lands, specified in the Schedule, hereunto annexed, the which were parcel of the Inheritance of the said Earl, and were chosen and accepted in purpartie by Herry the fifth, late King of England; Son of Mary one of the Daughters and Heirs of the said late Earle; of a partition betwene the same late King, and Anne Daughter of Alianore, another of the Daughters and Heires of the sayd late Earle, made by authority of Parliament the second year of his Reigne; in allowance of other Mannours, Lordships, Lands, &c. of the like value, allotted and assured in purpartie to the same Anne, come unto the hands of Edward the fourth, late King of England, our Brother, by virtue of certain Act or Acts of Parliament, made against Herry the sixth deceased, without issue; so that our said Cosyn, as true Inheritor to the sayd Inheritance in forme abovesayd, should by his death have had and inherited the said Mannors, Lordships, &c. specifyed in the sayd Schedule, if the sayd Act or Acts of Parliament had never been made. And also, for certain other considerations us especially moving, wille and grant to our sayd Cosyn; that in our next Parliament to be holden, he shall be surely and lawfully, by Act of Parliament restored, frothe Feste of Easter last past, to all the foresayd Mannours, &c. specifyed in the sayd Schedule; and the same have, hold, and enjoy, to him and to his Heires, according to such States and Titles, as he should or might have done, if none Act of Parliament had been made against the sayd King Herry the sixth, touching the sayd Mannours, &c. at any time since the death of the sayd late Earle. And, that our said Cosyn now forthwith enter into all the same Mannours, and thereof take the issues, &c. to his own use, fro the sayd Feast of Easter, unto the time he be thereto restored by authority of Parliament, in fourme above remembred; without any accout or other thing yeilding to Us or our Heires for the same. And, that he have the making of all Officers, Gifts, and Benefices, Wards, and other Proffits, &c. In Witness whereof We have set our Signet and signe Manuell.

Yoven at our Mannour of Grenwich 13th of Iuly, of our Reign the first.

Essex. Waldene. Depedene. Quendene. Leighes. Dunmow. Masheby. Badewe. Plecy, Castrum & Manerium. Higstre. Waltham. Wykes. Shenefeld. Chishull. Histre. Court and Hono • Farneham. La Fee del Counte • de Essex. Suff. Elmesse, ove Somersham. Oston. Gloucest. Southam. Buck. Wycomb. Crendone. Vn Tenement, ove certains Terres in Westcot. Berks. Vp-Lambourn. Speene. Henton. Wiltes. Pool. Manyngford. Midd. Enefeld. Le Tenement appele, Hakenose. London. Blanch-Apleton. Hertford. Le Court de Hertford, ove le vieu de Hodesdon. Northamstede. Cantabr. Le vieu de Sawston. Norf. Fulmodeston. Lincol. Long-Benington. Oxon. Kirklington. Dadington. Piryton. Ascote. Wiltes. Vphaven. Le vien de Nether-haven. Le Court de Apuk-Farley. Wokesey. Gales. Le Chastel & Mannour de Galdecot, & Neuton ove I'appurten • nces. Surr. Walton. Gloucest. Whitenhurst. Dors. Les Terres & Tenements in Gwyssyth. Heref. Le revers • on del Mannour de 〈◊〉 , le quel Will. Rasyn tient pu • ter •• e de vie.

  li. s. d. Le total Sum valoris, 1084 01 • 9

And within two dayes after, advanced 〈…〉 him to that high and great Office of Constable of England; constituting him also 〈…〉 Constable of all the Castles, and Steward of all his Lordships, lying within the Counties of Salop. and Heref. and likewiseIbid. Cheif Justice and Chamberlain of all South-Wales, and North-Wales.

But whether it • were trouble of Conscience in this Duke, in having been thus Instrumental in raising Richard to the Throne, by that barbarous murther of his Nephews, which begot some remorse in him; and Consequently occasioned his retiring to Brecknock, in Wales: or whether he saw the King by degrees to neglect him, is hard to say; certain it is, that soon 〈…〉 after his comming to Brecknock, (which was not long before the Parliament was called, whereby the Lands beforementioned should have been setled on him) he plotted 〈…〉 with Morton Bishop of Ely (then his prisoner there) how to advance Henry Earl of Richmund (the only Heir Male of the Lancastrian line) to the Crown; and to unite the two long divided Houses of Lancaster and York, by the marriage of that Earl with the eldest Daughter to King Edward the fourth which contrivance was not so closely carryed on, but that King Richard had a glimpse of it: who standing upon so slipery a foundation, as was the Blood of his murthred Nephews; had cause enough to fear what might be the issue thereof: And therefore, being not ignorant, that this Duke of Buckingham, was the principal in that contrivance, sought 〈…〉 to regain him by fair and kind Letters and Messages: but those not prevailing, used 〈…〉 threats; which caused him has •• ly to put 〈…〉 himself in Arms, and with a power of the Welch to advance 〈…〉 towards Salisbury; Thomas Marquess Dorset in Yorkshire, Sir Edward Courtney, with the Bishop of Exeter (his Brother) in Devonshire, and Cornwall; and Richard Gilford in Kent, being risen 〈…〉 also at that very time; expectingPolyd. Virg. p. 552. likewise, that the people, to whom the bloody murthers of King Richard seemed odious, would have come in very numerously unto him. And so marched 〈…〉 through the Forest of D • ne, with purpose 〈◊〉 . to pass the Se • erne, at Gloucester, and joyn with the Courtneys, and such other of the Western men, as were confederated with them. But the extraordinary Floods 〈◊〉 . then hapning, hindred his passage over S • berne, so long; as that the Welch, for want of Money and Victual, dispersed themselves. So that, being thus forsaken, he was necessitated 〈◊〉 . to betake himself privately to the House of his Servant Mr. Humphr • y Ban • ster, in 〈◊〉 (not far from 〈◊〉 ,) whom he had tenderly brought Ibid. up, and above all men trustedIbid..

Of which disaster so soon as the Courtneys, and others of his party elsewhere, had notice, they fledStow, ut supra. into 〈◊〉 . So that, orderStow, ut supra. being thereupon given, to stop the Ports, and Proclamation Stow, ut supra. made; that whosoever could reveal where the Duke was hid, should be rewarded with a thousand pounds; Banaster betraiedIbid. & Holinsh. him to Ioha Mitton, then Sheriff of Shropshire: who, apprehendingIbid. & Holinsh. him in a little Grove near Banasters house, conveyedIbid. & Holinsh. him (then apparelled in a Pil'd black Cloak) to Salisbury Ibid. & Holinsh.; to which place King Richard wasIbid. by that time come; who, instead of that reward promised, refused Ibid. to give any thing at all to Banaster; sayingIbid., that he who would be untrue to so good a Master, would be false to all other.

It is saidIbid., that this Duke, being examined strictly, by some of the K. Councell, franckly discovered the whole plot: expecting, that having dealt so ingeniously he might have had liberty to speak with the King: but that instead of any such favour, he was upon All-Souls day following, without Arraignment or Judgement, beheaded on a Scaffold, in the open Market place at Salisbury,

By Katherine his Wife, Daughter 〈◊〉 of No • . by R B. of Richard Widevil Earl Rivers, this Duke left issue 〈◊〉 of No • . by R B. three Sons; viz. Edw. his Son and Heir, Henry afterwards Earl of Wiltshire; and Humphrey who died young: and two Daughters; viz. Elizabeth married to Robert Radcliffe, Lord Fitz Walt • r, afterwards Earl of Suffe • ; and Anne first married to Sir Walter Herbert Knight; but afterwards to George Earl of 〈◊〉 .

Which Henry createdPat 1 H. S. p. 1 m • . Earl of Wiltshire, in 1 Hen. 8. marriedC • tal of Nob. by R. B. Muriel Sister and Coheir to Iohn Grey Viscount Lisle, but had noC • tal of Nob. by R. B. issue by her; and diedC • tal of Nob. by R. B. 6 Martii, 14 Hen. 8.

But I return to Edward his elder Brother, who succeeded his Father in his Lands and Honors.

Of this Edward Edward. I find no farther mention till 13 Hen. 7. that he appearedPolyd. • irg. 605. n. 20. in Arms against the Cornish-men, upon that Insurrection then made by them, on the behalf of Perkin Warbeck. But after this, the next ensuing year (viz. 14 Hen. 7.) doing his Homage 〈…〉 , he had Livery 〈…〉 of all his Lands. And in 24 H. 7. obtained a grant 〈…〉 from the King, of the Castle and Town of Bredles, the Mannors and Lordships of Cantrecelley, Brendieys, Penkeiley, and • leranders-town, with the third part of the Barony of Penkelley in South-Wales. and Advousons of the Churches appertaining to those Lordships. That which I next find to be most memorable of him, is; That in 2 Henr. 8. he had licence 〈…〉 to impark a thousand Acres of Land, at his Lordship of Thornbury, in Gloucestershire: And, that in 10 Hen. 8. by the CovenantsEx ipso Antogr. pe • es Hent Comtem Hunt •• ton. anno 1640. betwixt him and Margaret Countess of Salisbury, for the Marriage of Henry his Son and Heir, with Vrsula Poole Daughter of that Countess (by Sir Richard Poole Kt. her Husband) it appears, that the Mannors of Somerton, Chedsey, • oneyate, Yarlington, and Shipton, in Com. Somerset. as also the Mannors of Stokenham, Yalmeton, Pyworthy, Woneford, and Clifte S. Mary, with the appurtenances; two hundred Messuages, three hundred Cottages, two thousand Acres of Land; one thousand Acres of Meadow, two thousand Acres of pasture, five hundred Acres of Wood, and fifty pounds in Rent in Stokenham, Yalmeton, Pyworthy, Woueford, and Clift S. Mary, in Comitat. Devon. were setled by the said Margaret, upon them the said Henry and Vrsula, and the Heirs of their two bodies lawfully begotten. But after this, about two years, viz. in 12 Henr. 8. though he liked notHerb 〈◊〉 of Hen. • . p. 97. of that profuse expence, which was occasioned cheifly by Cardinal Wolsey, at that magnificent Enterview of King Henry the eighth, and Francis the first of France, betwixt 〈◊〉 and • rdres; he sittedHerb 〈◊〉 of Hen. • . p. 97. himself in a greater splendor than any other Noble man: and being prepared for the journey, before the King was ready, went to see some of his Lands in Kent. Where finding his Tenants somewhat clamorous againstIbid. Charles Knevet, his Steward there, for exacting upon them, he discharged Ibid. him of his imployment. Which peice of Justice so farr irritatedIbid. p. 〈◊〉 . Knevet, as that he became principally instrumental in his ruine. For, growing about this time (viz. 13 Hen. 8.) eminentIbid. for his high Blood and ample Revenue; he drew on himself a dangerous suspitionIbid. of aspiring higher, which jealousie was fomented Ibid. by the Cardinal who dissafectedIbid. him for some words he had cast forth; yet couldIbid. not have overthrown him, had notIbid. some indiscretion of his own concurred.

As for Knevet he watched his opportunity; and, findingIbid. that the Duke began to be weakned in two of his cheif Friends and Allies (viz. Ibid. Henry Earl of Northumberland, whose Daughter he had married; and Thomas Earl of Surry, who had married his Daughter; viz. Northumberland, for claiming certain Wards, which, after close commitment he was forced to relinquish; and Surry, for drawing his Daggar at the Cardinal on some occasion, being sent away upon an honorable imployment) upon privateIbid. discourse with the Cardinal discovered Ibid. to him sundry particulars of this Dukes life; viz. Ibid. that he had said, if King Henry died without issue, how he would punish the Cardinal. MoreoverIbid. p. 〈◊〉 , that he had treated with one Hopkins, a Carthusian Monk of Hinton, touching some prediction about the succession of the Crown. Likewise, the Hopkins should say to the Earl of Westmoriand (this Dukes Son in law) that if ought but good came to the King, the Duke of Buckingham, was next in Blood to the Crown; the K. having then no issue. Also that he told Knevet, if he had been committed to the Tower (whereof he was in some danger, by occasion of Sir Wil • iam Bulmer) he would have so wrought, that the principal doers thereof should have had no great cause of rejoycing; for he would have plaid the part, which his Father intended to have put in practise at Salisbury, against K. Richard the third; who made earnest sute to have come into the Kings presence; which had he obtained, he would have stab'd him with his Dagger: and that, in speaking these words, he maliciously laid hold on his Dagger; swearing, that if he were so evil used, he would do his best to accomplish his purpose. LikewiseIbid. • 11., that being in speech with George Lord Bergavenny, he should say; that if the King died, he would have the rule of the Realm, in spight of whosoever said the contrary. And swore that if the Lord Bergavenny revealed this, he would fight with him.

These were the principal things charged against him. But upon his Indictment, and Trial by his Peers, he denied all; alledging, that what he was charged with was false, conspired, and forged. Whereupon Knevet and others being produced against him, and deposing to what was alledged in the Articles; he had sentence of death pronounced against him by the Duke of Norfolk, then High Steward. Whereunto he replied thus; My Lord of Norfolk, you have said, as a Traitor should be said to; but I was never any. I nothing maligne you, for what you have done to me; but the Eternal God forgive you my Death. I shall never sue to the King for life, though he be a gracious Prince, and more grace may come from him than I desire: And so I desire you and all my fellows to pray for me. Whereupon he was Beheaded on Tower-hill, 17 Maii, anno 1521 (13 Hen. 8.) NeverthelessIbid. 11 • . the Tragedy ended not so; for thoughIbid. 11 • . the Lord Bergavenny after a few months imprisonment, was, through the Kings favor enlarged: yet Hopkins, after a serious repentance, that he had been Author of so much mischeif,Ibid. 117. died of Greif.

Being thus put to death, he was buried 〈◊〉 Surv. 〈◊〉 in the Church of the Friers-Augustines, near Broadstreet, in the City of London: leaving issue by Alianore his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 to Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland, one Son called Henry, and three Daughters; viz. Eliz. married 〈…〉 to Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk; Katherine to Ralph Nevill Earl of Westmorland; and Mary to 〈…〉 George Nevill Lord Bergavenny.

Which Elianore, by her Testament 〈…〉 , bearing date 24 Iunii, ann. 1528 (20 Hen. 8.) appointed her Heart to be buried, in the Church of the Gray-Friers, within the City of London, before the Image of S. Francis; and her body in the Church of the Whit-Friers at Bristol, if she should happen to decease in those parts.

But, after execution thus done upon this Duke, viz. in 〈…〉 the Parliament begun 15 Apr. 14 Hen. 8. though there then passed 〈…〉 an Act for his Attainder: yet there was likewise an Act 〈…〉 for the restitution in blood of Henry his eldest Son; but not to his Honors and Lands. Nevertheless, the King, out of his special grace and favor, by his Letters 〈…〉 Patents, bearing date 25 Sept. in the same fourteenth year, did grant to the same Henry and Vrsula his Wife, Daughter of Sir Richard Pole, Knight, by Margaret his Wife, Daughter to George Duke of Clarence, the Mannors of Norton in the Moores, Tillington, Eyton, Church-Eyton, Wood-Eyton, Dorlastone, Forbrigge, Bradwelle, D • dyngton, Pakynton, Blyminhull, Holdych, near New-Castle, Tentynshull, and Barlaston, in Com. Staff. with the Advowsons of the Churches to the same belonging: As also the Mannors, Tenements, and Rents of Menlefe • id, and Crystelton, in C • m. Cestr. with the Advowsons of the Churches thereunto belonging: Likewise all the Lands, Tenements, Rents, and Services in Briggeno • th, in Com. Salop. with all and singular the Castles, Lordships, Mannors, and Lands, in the same County of 〈◊〉 , and South-Wales; together with the 〈◊〉 of Hay, Hope, Aston- •• gers, 〈◊〉 Parke, Myniterley Mannor, 〈◊〉 B • rgh, Worthyn-Mannor, 〈…〉 Gorther, Haburiey▪ 〈…〉 and Baliwick of 〈…〉 Members and 〈…〉 Advowsons of the 〈…〉 belonging; all which 〈…〉 possessions of the before 〈…〉 Duke 〈…〉 And m •• over, did grantIbid. to the said 〈◊〉 and Vrsul • his Wife, all such Courts Leet, to be held twice in the year in Forbr • gg, as the said Duke heretofore had: to have and to hold, to the same Henry and Vrsul • , and to the Heirs of their two Bodies lawfully begotten, by the service of on • Knights Fee; and such annual services, as they were held by, before the said forfeiture.

Which Henry in 23 Hen. 8. obtained also to himself, and Vrsula his Wife, and the Heirs of their two Bodies lawfully begotten▪ a grantPat. 23 H 8. p 2. of the Castle and Mannor of Staffo •• , with their appurtenances in the County of Stafford; as also a certain Mannor called Stafford-Mannor, and Stafford-Rent, in the same County; together with all Lands, Tenements, and Hereditaments thereunto belonging; and lying in Stafford, Bradley, Billington, Dunston, Coppinhall, Stretton, Cokessane, Burton, Wottons-land, Lichfeild, Fulford, and Richardscote, in that County: and likewise of the Mannor of Essington, in Com. Ebor. all which were parcel of the possessions of the said Edward Duke of Buckingham. Paying yearly to the King, his Heirs and successors, at the Receipt of his Exchequer, four pounds, one shilling, two pence, half penny farthing.

And in the Parliament of 1 E. 6. was again restoredJournal of of Parl. de e • lem anno. in blood. After which; viz. in 4 and 5 Phil. & Mar. there being some disputeJournal of • arham▪ de codem an. betwixt the Lord Clinton and this Henry touching precedencie; it was then upon search, certified Journal of • arham de codem an. in Parliament, that the Lord Clintons ancestors had precedence next above the Lord Audley; and that the Barons of Stafford were placed next below the Barons Talbot.

This last mentioned Henry had issue by the before specified Vrsula his Wife, three Sons; viz. 〈…〉 Edward, Richard, and Walter. [Which Richard had issue Roger Stafford, who died an aged man unmarried in ann. 1638. or therabouts.] and one Daughter named Dorothy Wife 〈…〉 of Sir William Nevill of Chebsey Knight.

Which Edward took to Wife 〈…〉 Mary Daughter to Edward Earl of Derby; and had issue by her one Son, called also Edward, who was 〈…〉 twenty one years of age in ann. 1592. and two Daughters; viz. Ursula marriedIbid. to Walter Erdswike, and Dorothy toIbid. ... Gerveis of Chadsden. Which last mentioned Edward, married Isabel the Daughter of Thomas Forster of Tonge, in Com. Salop. by whom he had issue Edward; and died 25 Sept. ann. 1525. Which Edward, Edward. his Son, was born in ann. 1600. and having married Anne, the Daughter of Iames Wilforde of Newnham-Hall, in Comit. Essex. Esq que died in the life time of his Father, and was buried in the Church of S. Andrew in Holburne, within the Suburbs of London; leaving issue one Son, viz. Henry; Henry. who being born after his Fathers death, died unmarried in anno 1637. and one Daughter called Mary, who became the Wife of Sir William Howard Knight of the Bathe, a younger Son to Thomas Earl of Arundell, and Surrey, Earl Marshal of England; afterwards advanced to the title of Viscount Stafford by King Charles the first.

Stafford of Hooke.

I Come now to those collateral branches of this great and noble Family, not already taken notice of; touching whose memorable Actions our publique Records and other authentique authorities, do make some mention.

Of these, the first I meet with, is Sir Iohn Stafford Iohn. Knight, SonEx coll. Samps. En •• wike arm. of William Stafford of Bromshull, in Com. Staff. and descendedEx coll. Samps. En •• wike arm. from Hervey Bagot, by Milisent his Wife, Sister and Heir to Robert Lord Stafford. Which Sir Iohn Stafford, having marriedEx coll. Samps. En •• wike arm. Margaret Daughter to Ralph Lord Stafford (afterwards Earl) wasRot. Scoc. 11 Edw. 3. m. 14. in that expedition made into Scotland in 11 Edw. 3. togetherRot. Scoc. 11 Edw. 3. m. 14. with the same Ralph Lord Stafford. And left issue Humphrey, his Son and Heir; who, in 40 Edw. 3. wasRot. Vascon. 40 E. 3. m. 8. in the Warrs of Gascoigne. So likewise inRot. Vasc. 43 Edw. 3. m. 6. 43 Edw. 3. being then a Knight, and of the retinue Rot. Vasc. 43 Edw. 3. m. 6. to Edward Prince of Wales, commonly called the Black Prince. Moreover, in 47 Edw. 3. he wasRot Aleman. 47 E 3. m. 11. in that Expedition then made into Flanders, in the company of Hugh Earl of Stafford.

And left issueEx cell. S. E •• swike. Humphrey Humphrey. his Son and Heir, called Humphrey Stafford with the Silver Hand; who marryedRot Fin. 12 H. 4. m. 11. Elizabeth the Daughter and Heir of ... Dynham Widow of Sir Iohn Maltravers, of Houke in Com. Dorset. Knight. Which Humphrey, being afterwards a Knight, was Sheriff of the Counties of Somerset, and Dorset, in 12 H. 4. and by his TestamentArundel Vol 2. 173. a. bearing date 5 Apr. ann. 1413 (1 Hen. 5.) (where he calls himself Sir Humphrey Stafford the elder, Knight) bequeathed his body to be buried in the Chappel of S. Andrew, adjoyning to that of our Blessed Lady, in the Abby of Abbotsbury; and gave to Sir Humphrey Stafford his Son, and Elizabeth his Wife, one Charger, twelve Dishes, and Six Saucers of Silver. Not long after which, he died (for it was the sameClaus. 1 Pen 5. m. 13. year) leaving Sir Humphrey Stafford, Knight, his SonClaus. 1 Pen 5. m. 13. and Heir; who then doing his homage, had livery Claus. 1 Pen 5. m. 13. of his Lands.

A word or two now of the before specified Eliz. Wife to this Sir Humphrey with the Silver Hand. This Elizabeth, though she diedArundel. Vol. 2. 173. b. in the lifetime of her Husband, made her Testament Arundel. Vol. 2. 173. b. bearing date 8 Sept. ann. 1405. (6 H. 4.) and thereby bequeathed her Body to be buried in the same Chappel of S Andrew, in the Abby-Church of Abbotsbury before mentioned, in the Tombe of Sir Iohn Maltravers, Knight, her former Husband: and gave to the Rector of S. Giles at Sta • leford, for his Tithes forgotten and not paid; as also to celebrate a thousand Masses for her Soul, and the Souls of her Ancestors four pounds, three shillings four pence. Likewise, to the Friers of Dorcnester, four pounds, three shillings, and four pence. To the Fricrs of Yevel, as much; and the like summe to the Monks of Abbotsbury. Moreover to three Priests celebrating for her Soul, and the Souls of her Ancestors; as also for the Soul of Sir John Maltravers, Knight, her late Husband (whereof two to officiate in the Church of Houke or Stapelford, and the third in the Chapel of Kentercombe, the next year after her decease) fifteen pounds; viz. to each of them an hundred shillings. Also to Humphrey Stafford, and Elizabeth his Wife, her own Daughter, twelve Dishes and six Saucers of Silver: And to Katherine Cobham, the Wife of Humphrey Stafford, a Cup of Silver gilt. Of which Testament she constituted Sir Humphrey Stafford Knight; her Husband, her Executor.

I now come to Sir Humphrey Stafford Knight, her Son.

This Sir Humphrey, Humphrey▪ in 8 Hen. 4. (being then a Knight) having marryedRot Fin. 8 H. 4 m. 〈◊〉 . Elizabeth (the DaughterArundel, 〈◊〉 supra, 173 • . and Heir to Sir Iohn Maltravers Knight) Sister and Heir to Maude the Sister of Sir Iohn Dynham Knight, doingIbid. Rot Fin. 1 H. 5 p. 1. m. 6. his fealty, had liveryIbid. Rot Fin. 1 H. 5 p. 1. m. 6. of all those lands, which by her death descended to him; of which the Mannor of Houke wasChichler, Vol. 1. 48 • . • the cheife: and by his TestamentChichler, Vol. 1. 48 • . • , bearing date 14 Decem. ann. 1442 (20 H. 6.) bequeathed his Body to be buried within the Chappel of S. Anne in the Abby of Abbotsbury, which he built there at his own Charge, joyning it to the Chappel of S. Andrew the Apostle (wherein the Body of his Father lay buryed) and thereby gave unto Iohn, then Bishop of Bathe, and Welles, (his Brother) a pair of Flaggons of Silver gilt. Likewise to Humphrey, his Grandson, Son to Sir Iohn Stafford Knight, his Son (by Anne Daughter of William Lord Botreaux) twelveDishes of Silver, and one Trussing-Bed; as also appointed that an hundred pounds in Money, should, after one Month next ensuing his death, be spent upon his Funeral at Abbotsbury, amongst Priests, poor people, and others coming thereto. And lastly, to William Stafford his other Son, all his Plate of Silver; and Likewise what was gilt, not already bequeathed. Which william marriedRot 〈◊〉 28 H. 6. m. 〈◊〉 Katherine the Daughter and Coheir to Sir Iohn Chidiock Knight.

But I now come to Humphrey Humphrey his Grandson and Heir; viz. Son of Sir Iohn Stafford Knight (who died in his lifetime.)

This Humphrey, in 30 H. 6. being 〈…〉 a Knight, and sent 〈…〉 with some forces into Kent, against Iack Cade and his fellow Rebells, then in Arms; was by them Routed 〈…〉 , and Slain 〈…〉 at Sevenok, in that County; leaving issue, Humphrey his Son and Heir; who, upon the fifteenth of Iune, 1 Edw. 4 had a Grant 〈…〉 from the King of the Stewardship of the Dutchy of • o • nwall, for life: as also 〈…〉 of the Constablewike of the Castle of Bristol, and Forest of Kingswode, in Com. Glouc. Likewise 〈…〉 of the Forests of Filwode, in Com. Somerset. Gillingham, in Com. Dorset. and Park of Gillingham, lying within the same Forest. And departed 〈…〉 this life upon the sixth of August the same year; leaving Humphrey Stafford of Suthwike, his next Heir; viz. 〈…〉 Son of William Stafford, Esq Son of him the said Humphrey, then twenty two years of age.

Which Humphrey, Humphrey in 2 Edwar. 4. was summoned Claus de eorem anno in 〈◊〉 to Parliament amongst the Barons of this Realm. And, in 4 Edw. 4. (24 Apr.) created 〈…〉 . Lord Stafford of Suthwike. Moreover having procured 〈…〉 the death of Thomas Courtney Earl of Devon, (who had been taken prisoner 〈…〉 at Touton-Field) in consideration 〈…〉 . of the acceptable services by him done, at the beginning of that Kings Reign, when the great contest was for the right to the Crown (as the words of the Patent do import) he was advancedp. 1 m. 13. to the title of Earl of Devon, 7 Maii, 9 Edw. 4. having, for his better support of that Honor, a GrantIbid. unto himself, and the Heirs Males of his Body, of the Mannor of Columpn-Iohn, and Fair-way, with the Advouson of the Church of Fair-way, in Comit. Devon. as also of the Mannor of Trelugan, and moity of the Mannors of Treverbyn, and Cragamur, in Com. Cornub. all which, Henry Courtney then deceased, Son of Thomas Courtney, late Earl of Devon, lately possessed, by right of inheritance, to himself and the Heirs of his Body, with remainder to the before-specified Thomas Earl of Debon, and his Heirs for ever; which Henry and Thomas then stood attainted Ibid. of Treason.

This Humphrey, some years before he was made Earl of Devon; viz. in 3 Edw. 4. by his Testament Godvn. 〈◊〉 39. b. bearing date 3 Septem. bequeathed his Body to be buried, in the Church of our Lady at Glastonbury; and apointed that Mr. Nicholas Goss, and Mr. Watts, then Warden of the Gray Friers in Exeter, should, for the salvation of his Soul, go to every Parish-Church in the Counties of Dorset, Somerset, Wiltes, Devon, and Cornwall, and say a Sermon in every Church, in Town and other. And because he could not recompence such, whom he had offended; he desired them to forgive his poor Soul, that it might not be in danger.

But it was not many months that he enjoyed this Honor of Earl of Devonshire; for, upon Holinsh. Chron. p. 672. • that Northern Insurrection, under the conduct of Sir Iohn Conyers Knight, in the ninth year of King Edwards Reigne; havingHolinsh. Chron. p. 672. • eight hundred Archers under his command, and meetingIbid. n. 40. with the E. of Pembroke, on Cotswould. with purpose to joyn together, in the suppressing of those Rebells, who were then marching towards London; they cameIbid. n. 40. together to Banbury; where this Earl having takenIbid. n. 40. up his lodgings in an Inne, which he liked for a fair Damsells sake, whome he found there; was put outIbid. n. 40. of that House by the Earl of Pembroke (thoughIbid. n. 40. they had agreed, that he who came first, should not be displaced.) At which affront, he took such distast, that in great wrath he departed 〈…〉 thence with his Archers, so that Pembroke, being thus forsaken; and, the day 〈…〉 following, meeting with the Enemy at Edgcote, was utterly routed 〈…〉 , and taken prisoner 〈…〉 .

Whereof the King being advertized 〈…〉 , he forthwith directed 〈…〉 his Letters to the Sheriffs of Somerset and Devon; commanding 〈…〉 them to take this our Earl, if they could possibly do it; and, without delay, to put him to death. Whereupon making search for him, they found Ibid. him in a Village within Brentmarth; and thenceIbid. carried him to Bridgwalter, where they cutIbid. off his Head upon 〈◊〉 9 E. 4. n. 30. the seventeenth day of August 9 Ed. 4. After which his Body was buriedLel. Itin. Vol. 3. f. 86. at Glastonbury, in an Arch of the South-Cross, of the Abby-Church there.

The Lands whereof he died seized were as followeth, viz. E • c. 9 E. 4. n. 30. the Honor and Mannor of Plympton, the Honor and Mannor of Okehampton; the Boroughs of Cyverton and Chalvelege; the Mannors of Colcumbe, Colyton, Musbury, Whiteford, Colyford, Columpn-Iohn, and Farel • eye, in Com Devon. the Mannors of Colylond, • reberbyn, and Tregamure, in Comit. Cornub. the Mannors of Mershton Magna, West-Chinnok, Chiselbu • gh, Cradone, Puritone, Elme, Lopyn, and Middle-Chinnock, in Com. Somerset. the Mannors of Hoke, Stapeiford; Over-Kentcombe, Nether-Kentcombe, North-Purton, South-Purton, West-Chykerell, Burcombe, Loscombe, Yard, Winterborn-Martin, and Gorwill, in Com. Dorset. As also of the Mannors of Wilting, Helington, and Castle of Hastings, in Com. Suss.

This Earl took to WifeVinc. Cort. p. 163. Isabel the Daughter and Heir to Sir Iohn Barre Knight, by Idonea his Wife, daughterVine Cort. p. 163. and Heir to Iohn Hotoft Esq but had no issue by her; after which she marriedVinc. Cort. p. 163. to Sir Thomas Bouchier Knight, Son to Henry Earl of Essex.

Dying thus without issue, the Mannors of Morestoke, Stynesford, Botlesdon, Knoll, Brokehampton, Gussege, Burton, Farnham, Mangerton, and Cherleton, in Com. Dorset. formerly by a FeoffamentRot. Fin. 19 Ed. • . m. 5. made to Iohn Stafford Archbishop of Canterbury, Sir William Bonvile Knight, and others, by the before specified Sir Humphrey Stafford Knight commonly called Sir Humphrey with the Silver Hand. (which Feoffers thereupon passedRot Fin. 19 Ed. • . m. 5. them to Katherine late Wife of William Stafford Esq to hold for life; with remainder to Sir Humphrey Stafford Knight, Son and Heir to the said William, and to the Heirs of his Body lawfully begotten; and for default of such issue, to the right Heirs of the said Sir Humphrey with the Silver Hand) descended Rot. Fin. 19 Ed. • . m. 5. to Elizab. the Wife of Sir Iohn Coleshill Knight Sir Robert Willoughby Kt. and Elianore the Wife of Thomas Stranguish Esq as Cousins and Heirs to the Said Sir Humphrey with the Silver Hand; viz. Esc. 9 E 4. n 30. the said Elizabeth and Elianore, Daughters, and Heirs of Alice (WifeLel Itin. Vol. 6. f. 13. of ... Cheney Knight) Sister of William, Father of the said Earl, and Robert Willughby, Son and Heir of Anne, the other Daughter and Heir of the said Alice.

Hugh Stafford Lord Bourchier.

THis Hugh, Hugh. being a youngerCourtney. f. 220. a. Son to Hugh Earl of Sta • ord, havingClaus. 9 H. 5 m • . married Elizabeth the DaugtherClaus. 9 H. 5 m • . and Heir to Bartholomew Lord Bourchier, was summonedClaus. de eodem anno in dorso. to Parliament by the title of Lord Bourchier, in 12 Hen. 4. And in 5 Hen. 5. was 〈…〉 in that Expedition then made into France. So likewise, in 〈…〉 7 Henr. 5. And died 〈…〉 in 9 Henr. 5. being seised 〈…〉 of the Mannors of E • fingham, and Waldingham, in Com. Surr. Of the third part of the Mannor of Wykemere, in Com. Norf. of the Mannor of Stratton-Audelegh, in Com. Oxon. Southo, in Com. Hunt. Wolford-magna, and Rokeby, in Comitat. Warr. of the Mannors of Estington, and Harsfeild, and the moytie of the Mannor of Alkerton, in Com. Gloucest. Likewise of the Mannors of Berlaston, Hertwalle, Titnesovre, Mere, Bertherton, and Geryngeshalgh, in Comit. Staff. Moreover, of the Mannor of Navesby in Com. North • mp. for life: As alsoClaus. 9 Hen 5. m. 6. of a certain House in London, in the Parish of St. Butolph without Bishopsgate, late Batholomew Lord Bouchiers▪ whose HeirClaus. 9 Hen 5. m. 6. the before specified Elizabeth his Wife was; leaving Humphrey his Cousin • sc. 1 H 6. n. 33. and Heir; viz. • sc. 1 H 6. n. 33. Son of Edmund Lord Stafford, Brother of him the said Hugh, twenty years of age, upon the Feast day of the Assumption of the blessed Virgin, 1 Hen. 6.

Which Eliz • beth surviving, afterwards married Claus. 9 H 5. m. 6. to Sir Lewes Robsard Knight.

Stafford Earl of Wiltshire.

IN 9 Edw. 4. (5 Ianuar.) Iohn Stafford Iohn. a younger Son to Humphrey Duke of Buckingham was createdInqu▪ capt. apud Devises 3 Nov. 13 • . 4. 3. 13. Earl of Wiltshire; and in 12 Edw. 4. joyned inRot. Sc. c. 12 E 4 m. 19. Commission with the Earl of Northumberland, and others, to treat with the Embassadors of Iames the third, then King of Scotland, upon certain complaints of greivances from each Realm. And, having marriedCa • al. of Nob. by R. B Constance, the Daughter and Heir to Sir Henry Green of Drayton▪ in Comitat. Northamp. Knight, departed 〈◊〉 . 13 E. 4. n 13. this life 8 Maii, 13 Edw. 4. leaving Edward his Son and Heir, threeIbid. years of age; being then seizedIbid. joyntly with the said Constance, of the Mannor of Sutho, in Com. Hunt. Newenton-Blossomv • le, Clifton, and Polycote, in Comit. Buck. of the Mannors of S • anford-Rivers, Tracies, Suttons, Piggesland, Boteiles, and Brigges in Com. Essex. Effyngham, Shepsted, Tyllingdon, Porkeley, Waldingham, Upwode, Gatyers, and Halyngbury, in Com. Surr.

Of which Edward Edward. all that I have seen, is; that by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 21 Martii, 14 Hen. 7. he bequeathed his body to be buried in our Lady Isle at Lufwyke, in Com. Northam. by his Grandfather Greene; appointing a convenient Tombe, to be there made for him. And that he thereby Gave to his Cousin, the Earl of Shrewsbury, his Collar of the Kings Livery: as also to Margaret his Wife, all the Plate he had with her in marriage. After which, viz. upon the twenty fourth day of the same Month of March, he died 〈…〉 ▪ and was buried 〈…〉 at Lufwyke accordingly; as the Inseription upon his Monument expr • sseth.

Salisbury.

AMongst other th • puissant Normans, who accompanied the famous Duke William, in that his signal Expedition for the Conquest of this Realm, there wasMon. A • g. Vol. 2 〈◊〉 a. n. 50. Walter de Ewrus, Earl of Ro • mar; to whom in consideration Mon. A • g. Vol. 2 〈◊〉 a. n. 50. of his valour, he gaveMon. A • g. Vol. 2 〈◊〉 a. n. 50. the Lordships of Saresburie, and 〈◊〉 . This Earl, before his coming hither, had issueIbid. n 6 • . Gerold, afterwards Earl of Ro • mar, called le Gros. Which Gerold begotIbid. n 6 • . William, surnamed Meschin; and he anotherIbid. n 6 • . William, who diedIbid. n 6 • . issuless.

But after his coming into England, he had a Son called Edward Ibid.,Edward here bornIbid., and in process of time Sheriff ofIbid. • i • tshire. Of which Edward, thenceforth calledDomes • . lib. in 〈◊〉 . Com. Edward de Saresberie, it appearsDomes • . lib. in 〈◊〉 . Com.; that, at the time of the general Survey he possessed two Lordships in Dorsetshire, three in S •• er • etshire, one in Surrey, two in Hantshire, one in Middlesex, two in Hertfordshire, two in Buckinghamshire, and thirty three in Wiltshire; out of which County (beingIbid. then Sheriff thereof) he receivedIbid. in Rent, as belonging to his Office an hundred and thirty Hoggs, thirty two Bacons, two Bushels, and sixteen Gallons of Wheat, as much of Barley; ... Bushels and eight Gallons of Oats; thirty two Gallons of Honey, or sixteen shillings; four hundred forty eight Hens, a thousand and sixty Eggs, an hundred Cheeses, fifty two Lambs, two hundred Fleeces of Wooll; having likewiseIbid. an hundred sixty two Acres of Arable Land; and amongst the Reves-land to the value of forty pounds per annum.

Moreover, that he was one of the Witnesses Mon. Ang • . Vol. 1. 371. • ▪ n. 60. to King William the Conquerors Foundation Charter, of that great Abby of Selby, in Com. Ebor. And in 20 H. 1. being the Kings Standardbearer Ord. 〈◊〉 . 854. A. B. C. in that famous Battle at Brennevill in Normandy (where King Henry the first of England, was presentOrd. 〈◊〉 . 854. A. B. C. and Victorious) he behavedOrd. 〈◊〉 . 854. A. B. C. himself with singular courage and military skill.

This Edward left issue Walter Walter. 〈…〉 his Son and Heir; and a Daughter called Maude, Wife 〈…〉 of Humphrey de Bohun. Which Walter, having married 〈…〉 Sibilla de Caworth became the pious founder 〈…〉 of the Priory of Bradenstoke, in Com. Wilts, for Canons regular of S. Augustines order; plentifully endowing 〈…〉 it with Lands and Revenues; and surviving her, took 〈…〉 the habit of a Canon there. After which, departing 〈…〉 this life in that House, he was buried 〈…〉 with her, in one Grave near to the Quire. Leaving issue Patric his Son and Heir; who was advanced 〈…〉 to the title and dignity of Earl of Salisbury, by Maude the Empress; being then Steward 〈…〉 of her Houshould, as it is said. and in 18 Steph. upon that Accord 〈…〉 , then made betwixt Henry Duke of Normandy, and King Stephen, was one of the Witnesses 〈…〉 thereto, by the 〈…〉 title of Earl. After which 〈…〉 , from the beginning of King Henry the seconds Reign, until the end 〈…〉 of his sixth year, he executed 〈…〉 the Sheriffs Office for the County of 〈◊〉 . And in 10 Hen. 2. was one 〈…〉 of the Witness • s, to the Recognition of the antient Laws and Liberties of England, then made by that King.

In 12 Henr. 2. upon the Aid 〈…〉 then assessed for marrying of that Kings Daughter, he certified 〈…〉 his Knights Fees to be in number seventy eight, and two fifths.

Moreover, in 13 Hen. 2. being 〈…〉 in Normandy with the King; upon that Rebellion of the Poi •• ovins and Gascoins, after the taking 〈…〉 of the Castle of Lezinnian (when King Henry went 〈…〉 to meet the King of France; and to expostulate 〈…〉 with him, touching his injuries) he was left 〈…〉 with the Queen during her stay in that Castle.

This Earl Patric, for the health 〈…〉 of the Souls of his Father and Mother; and of the Soul of Maud his Wife, confirmed 〈…〉 those grants, which Walter de Saresberie, his Father, had made to the Canons of Bradenstoke, upon his foundation of that Monastry; and gaveIbid. n. 60. them all his lands in Wilecote, in exchangeIbid. n. 60. for those in Wyvelesford, given to them by his Father. The rest of the Mannor of Wilecote he gave Ibid. 206. a. them, in lieu of the Church of Caneford. and Chapel of S. Andrew at Cettre: and bestowed Ibid. 530. b. n. 17. on the Knights Templars a Mill at Lacoke, in Comit. Wiltes. He had likewise, another WifeIbid. 207. b. n. 50. called Ela. But being the Kings LieutenantRad. de Dice • o, in. an • . 1167. in Aquitane, and Captaine General Rad. de Dice • o, in. an • . 1167. of his forces there, in ann. 1167. 13 H. 2. he was then slainRad. de Dice • o, in. an • . 1167., byR. Hoved. 294. b. n. 20, & 30. Guy de Lezinnian, upon his returnR. Hoved. 294. b. n. 20, & 30. from a Pilgrimage, which he had made to S. Iames (in Galitla) and was buried Chion. Norman. 1002. B. at S. Hillar • er. Whose death the King so highly resentedR. Hoved. 〈◊〉 supra.; that he expelledR. Hoved. 〈◊〉 supra. the same Guy out of Po • ctou; whereupon, taking R. Hoved. 〈◊〉 supra. upon him the Cross, he became a SouldierR. Hoved. 〈◊〉 supra. under Baldwin the Leper, King of Hierusalem.

Upon 〈…〉 the death of this Earl Patric, so slain in his attendance upon the Queen (viz. Alianore Wife to K. Henry the second) she procured the K. (her Husband) to join with her, in the gift of all their customs in Benai, unto that Church of S. Hillary, in Poytiers, where he was buried 〈…〉 .

To him succeeded 〈…〉 William William. his Son, in this Earldom of Salisbury. Which William was begotten 〈…〉 on ... the Daughter of the Earl of Ponthi • u.

This Earl William, at the Coronation of K. Richard the first, bore 〈…〉 the Golden Scepter, with the Dove on the head of it, in that solemn proceeding. And in 2 R. 1. when 〈…〉 the King was taken Prisoner in Almaine, was one of those, who adhered 〈…〉 to Iohn Earl of Moreton, then striving for the Rule here; at that time likewise exercising the Office of Sheriff 〈…〉 of Wiltshire; which he also held 〈…〉 till the eighth year of King Richard the first's Reign. Moreover, in 6 R. 1. he was 〈…〉 with the King in that expedition then made into Normandy. So likewise 〈…〉 in his great Council at Nottingham, after his return into England. And at his second Coronation, the same year, was 〈…〉 one of the four Earls who then carried the Canopy of State. But died 〈…〉 the next ensuing year (viz. in anno 1196.) 8 R. 1. leaving issue by Alianore de Vitrei his Wife 〈…〉 (Daughter of Tirrel de Main • rs) one Sole Daughter, his Heir, called 〈…〉 Ela: of whom it is thus reported 〈…〉 ; that being so great an Inhiretrix, one William Talbot an English man, and an eminent Souldier, took upon him the habit of a Pilgrim, and went into 〈◊〉 . Where wandring up and down, for the space of two months, at length he found her out.

LikewiseIbid., that he then changed his habit; and having entred the Court, where she resided, in the garb of an Harper (being practised in mirth and jesting) he became well accepted there. Moreover Ibid., that growing acquainted with her, after some time he took her into England▪ and presented her to K. Richard; who receiving her very courteously, gave her in marriage to William surmamed Longespe, his Brother (id est, a natural Son to King Henry the second begotten on the Fair Rosamund sometime his Coneubine.) And that thereupon King Richard rendredIbid. 341. b▪ n. 10. unto him the Earldom of Rosmar, as her Inheritance, by descent from Edward of Saresburie, the Son of Walter de Ewrus before-mentioned.

This William William. being calledIbid. n. 20. Longespe, Longespe. from the long Sword, which he usually wore, executed Rot. Pip de • isd. an. Wiltes. the Sheriffs Office for 〈◊〉 (by his Deputy) in 1 Ioh. for the fourth part of that year. So likewiseRot. Pip de • isd. an. Wiltes. from that time, for all the succeeding years till 9 Ioh. inclusive. • Moreover, in 10 Ioh. he was constituted WardenPat. 10 Joh▪ m. 3. of the Marches of Wales; and in 14 Ioh. was SheriffR • t. Pip. 14 Joh. Canta • r & unt. for the Counties of Cambridg • , and Huntendon, for the one half of that year.

About this time the difference 〈…〉 betwixt the King, and divers of the Barons beginning to shew it self; he was 〈…〉 one of those, who stuck stourly to the King; and for that respect had 〈…〉 the reputation of one of his Evil Councellors, by those who favoured the part of the haughty Spirited Barons, at that time very powerful. And in 15 Ioh. was again constituted SheriffRot. Pip. 15 Joh. p. • . m 〈◊〉 . of Wiltshire. Which Office he afterwards heldRot. Pip. de iisd. an▪ all that Kings time, and likewiseRot. Pip. de iisd. an▪ so long as he lived afterwards; viz. to the tenth year of King Henry the thirds Reigne: having also a grantPat. 15 Joh. p. 1. m. 7. of the Honor of Eye▪ in Suffolk; And was the same year a WittnessM. Paris, 235. n. 20. to that agreement made betwixt the King and the Barons, as an undertaker M. Paris, 235. n. 20. for the King. He was also a Witness Ibid in ann. 1213. p. • 37. n. • 0. to that Charter, whereby King Iohn (then much distressed by the potency of those great men) resigned this Kingdom to Pope Innocent the third.

Likewise, the same year uponIbid. 238. n. 20. that Invasion of Flanders, made by the King of France, he wasIbid. 238. n. 20. one of the principal persons sent from King Iohn, with considerable forces, both Horse and Foot, in Ayd of the Earl of that Province. Furthermore, in 16 Ioh. the King having, Ibid. in ann. 1214. p 251. n. 20. & 30. prepared a good Fleet, for the assistance of the same Earl, he constitutedIbid. in ann. 1214. p 251. n. 20. & 30. him one of his chief Commanders thereof: whereupon the English then entredIbid. the Port of Dam, and surprisingIbid. the greatest part of the French Ships; broughtIbid. them thence into England. After which King Iohn having raisedMS Oxo • in 〈…〉 11. f. 177 b. & 178 a. 〈◊〉 M West • . in anno 1214. a powerful Army, for recovery of what the King of France had taken from him; he madeMS Oxo • in 〈…〉 11. f. 177 b. & 178 a. 〈◊〉 M West • . in anno 1214. this Earl one of his three cheif Commanders of those forces. Whereupon, designing MS Oxo • in 〈…〉 11. f. 177 b. & 178 a. 〈◊〉 M West • . in anno 1214. to surprize that King, upon Sunday the Feast day of S. Margaret the Virgin, whilst he was at Mass; he was himself laid holdMS Oxo • in 〈…〉 11. f. 177 b. & 178 a. 〈◊〉 M West • . in anno 1214. on, and made Prisoner, with the rest of those, who were of his party in that bold attempt. But, ere long, there being an exchangeMS Oxo • in 〈…〉 11. f. 177 b. & 178 a. 〈◊〉 M West • , in anno 1214. proposed for him; viz. Robert the Son of Robert Earl of Drus (a near Kinsman to the King of France) who was then a Prisonor to King Iohn; the King, having received advertisementPat. 16 Joh. p. 1. in dorso, m. 13. from this our Earl, that he might have his liberty, upon the enlargement of the Son of the Earl of Drus; he forthwith dispatched his LettersPat. 16 Joh. p. 1. in dorso, m. 13. to the Archbishop of Can • erbury, and to the rest of the Bishops of England; as also to all the Temporal Lords there; representing thereby unto them this proposal; but withal letting them knowPat. 16 Joh. p. 1. in dorso, m. 13.; that, because this Robert, Son to the Earl of Drus, was kinsman to the King of France, he would not set him at liberty, without their advice: And withal, representedPat. 16 Joh. p. 1. in dorso, m. 13. to them the Danger, which might ensue thereupon; viz. that upon his returne, he would cause the Earle of Bole • n to be put to death; and keep the Earl of Flanders, in perpetual durance; desiringPat. 16 Joh. p. 1. in dorso, m. 13. therefore their speedy advice in that matter. Which was (as it seems) that the exchange should accordingly be made: for it appears • pod. Ne • st. in ann. 1215., that he was shortly after set at liberty; and the same year was again SheriffRot. Pip. • 6 Joh. Canta • r. & Hunt. for the Counties of Cambridge and Huntendon. Moreover, the next ensuing year, he obtained a grantClaus. 17 Joh. m. 21. from the King of the mannor of Andevre, in Com. Southampt.

But now, the animosity betwixt the King and the Barons, being grownM. Paris, in anno 1215. p. 274. 〈◊〉 n. 10. high; and the Pope having in favour of the King, not only confirmed M. Paris, in anno 1215. p. 274. 〈◊〉 n. 10. the suspension of Stephen Archbishop of Canterbury, but excomunicatedM. Paris, in anno 1215. p. 274. 〈◊〉 n. 10. the Barons; he grew so much elated thereupon; that he cameIbid. to S. Albans, with what forces he then had: and there after he had causedIbid. that suspension of the Archbishop, to be signified to all the Cathedral and Conventual Churches throughout England, under the Covent Seal of that Abby; raisedIbid. n. 20. two potent Armies; the one to restrainIbid. n. 20. the Londoners from coming out, and the other to subjugateIbid. n. 20. the Northem parts, of the Realm: and thereupon constitutedIbid. this Earl, one of the cheif Commanders of that which he left behind. who, accordingly, having appointed Ibid. n. 50. the Governors of the Castles of 〈◊〉 , Hartford, and Berkhamsted, to prevent the carriage of provisions unto London, (where divers of the rebellious Barons then were) he marchedIbid. 275. into the Counties of Essex, Hartford, Middlesex, Cambridge▪ and Huntendon; and there havingIbid. of his party, some great men, who were merciless and cruel, plundred Ibid. those Countries exceedingly,

But the year next following (wich was the last of King Iohns Reign) Lewes Son to the King of France; whom the Barons had called M Paris, in anno 1216. p. 282. n. 20. in to Reign in the stead of King Iohn, grew so potent, that most of the great men; who, tillM Paris, in anno 1216. p. 282. n. 20. that time had stood firm to King Iohn, forsook him, and wentM Paris, in anno 1216. p. 282. n. 20. in unto Lewes; amongst which this our Earl was oneM Paris, in anno 1216. p. 282. n. 20. of the cheif. Howbeit, uponIbid. in ann. 1217. p. 292. n. 50. King Iohns death (which happened that year) the Scene altered; for he, with most of the rest then forsookIbid. in ann. 1217. p. 292. n. 50. Lewes; and did his HomagePat. 1 H. 3. m. 4. to King Henry the third; especially for the County of Somerset, which that K. then gavePat. 1 H. 3. m. 4. him: and thereupon joyned Mat. Paris, p 295. with the famous William Marshal, (then Governor of the King and Kingdom, by reason of the Kings tender years) in raising the seige of Lincoln, which Lewes, and those who still held with him, had made.

Which seige being thus raised; he was thereupon constitutedPat. 1. H. 3. m. 7. Sheriff of that County, and Governor of the Castle. So likewiseIbid. m. 1 • . of the County of Somerset, and Governor of the Castle of Shirburne.

It seems, that the gaining of this our Earl at that time to the King, was then esteemed of great advantage: for it appearsIbid., that Peter de Mauley, in that Command he had to give him livery of the Castle of Shirburne, and County of Somerset, was required to do it without delay, lest he should start back.

But soon after this, he went into the Holy-Land, with the Earl of Chester; and wasMat Paris. in anno 12 • . p. 306. 1. 40. at the Battle near Damieta, where the Christians had the worst. Whence being returned, in 5 H. 3. he obtained a grantClaus. 5 H. 3. m. • . of the Wardship of the Heir of Thomas Malmains, with his Lands: And in 7 Henr. 3. beingClaus. 7. Hen 3. m 4 〈◊〉 dorso. in that Expedition then made into Wales, had ScutageClaus. 7. Hen 3. m 4 〈◊〉 dorso. of all his Tenants, who held of him by military service.

In 8 Hen. 3. he was constitutedPat. 8 H 3. m. 11. Sheriff of Hantshire; as also Governor ofPat. 8 H 3. m. 11. the Castles of Winchester, and Porchester.

Moreover, in 9 Henr. 3. he was sent 〈…〉 with Richard Earl of Cor • wal, (the Kings Brother) into Gascoin; where they beseiged 〈…〉 the Towns and Castles of all those, who refused Homage and Fealty to King Henry. For his support in which imployment, the King directed special preceptsPat. 9 H▪ p. 1. m. 2. to all his Tenants by military service, aswell of the inheritance of Ela his Wife, as otherwise, to afford him reasonable aid.

After which, in his return towards England, there arose so great a tempestM. Paris, in anno 1225. p. 325. 〈◊〉 ▪ & 30. at Sea; that despairing of life, he threwM. Paris, in anno 1225. p. 325. 〈◊〉 ▪ & 30. his money and and rich apparel over-board. But when all hopes were past, they discernedM. Paris, in anno 1225. p. 325. 〈◊〉 ▪ & 30. a mighty Taper of Wax, burning bright at the Prow • of the Ship, and a beautifull Woman standing by it; who preserved it from Wind and Rain, so that it gave a clear and bright lustre. Upon sight of which Heavenly Vision, both himself and the Mariners concludedM. Paris, in anno 1225. p. 325. 〈◊〉 ▪ & 30. of their future security. but every one there, being ignorantIbid. what this Vision might portend,Ibid. except this Earl; he attributed Ibid. it to the benignity of the Blessed Virgin; byIbid. reason, that upon the day, when he was honored with the Girdle of Knighthood, he brought a Taper to her Altar, to be lighted every day at Mass in honor of her, when the Canonical Hours used to be sung, and to the intentIbid., that for this Terrestial light, he might enjoy that which is Eternal.

Howbeit, though they thus miraculously escaped Shipwrack, the perill wherein they all were, was so great, that report 〈…〉 came to the K. of his being drowned. Whereupon Hubert de Burgh, (then Justice of England) moved 〈…〉 the King, that he would vouchsafe to grant the Wife of this Earl, unto one Reymund his Kinsman, who pretended an hereditary right to this Earldom of Sa •• sbury; to the end he might marry her. Unto which the King assenting 〈…〉 , Reymund became forthwith a Suitor 〈…〉 to her, in a glorious Warlike habit: but, after he had used many fair words to win her: she 〈…〉 told him, with great indignation, that she had newly received Letters from her Husband, and Messengers who did assure her of his life and safety: And added 〈…〉 that, had he been really dead, yet would she never have entertained him for an Husband, in regard that his Birth did not sute therewith, bidding 〈…〉 him look for a Wife somewhere else; for thither, she assured him he came in vain.

Furthermore, not long after the King being 〈…〉 at Marlborough, this Earl William came thither 〈…〉 to him, out of Cornwal; where, with much difficulty, he had landed 〈…〉 , after that perillous tempest. And being received 〈…〉 with great joy, he made a sharp complaint 〈…〉 against Hubert de Burgh; affirming 〈…〉 , that whilest he was in the Kings service beyond Sea, Hubert sent an unworthy perso • to his Wife, who had impudently sollicited her chastity. Adding 〈…〉 , that unless the King would do him right therein, he should vindicate himself otherwise, to the disturbance of the publick Peace. But Hubert, being then present, and confessing 〈…〉 his fault, did with rich presents 〈…〉 qualifie his wrath. And, being thus reconciled, invited 〈…〉 him to his Table; where, it is said 〈…〉 , that he was poysoned; and, that, going thence very sick 〈…〉 to his Castle at Salisbury, he presently sent 〈…〉 for the Bishop of that Diocess, to the intent he might confess himself to him (as a good Christian ought to do) and to receive the Viaticum, as also to dispose of his Goods by his Testament. Moreover, that 〈…〉 upon the entrance of the Bishop, into his Lodging Room, with the Body of Christ, the Earl leaped out of his Bed; and with a Rope about his Neck, fell prostrate on the Floor; weeping lamentably, and crying out, That he was a Traytor to Almighty God; and would not move till he had received the Sacrament. Likewise 〈…〉 , that afterwards, persevering in great penitence for certain days, he departedRegist. de 〈◊〉 . this life, upon the Nones of March, An. 1226. 10 Hen. 3. Whence his Corps being carriedM. Westm. in An. 1226. to the new Church of Salisbury, about a mile distant; it was observedM. Westm. in An. 1226., That the Tapers, which were then born, with the Cross, according to the custom: notwithstanding the rain, and blustring winds, which then hapned, were not extinguished; to the end, it might plainly appear (as of S. Hugh, Bishop of Lincoln, and Confessor) that, having been so sincere a penitent for his sins, he belonged to the Sons of Light.

This Earl William gave 〈…〉 to the Canons of Bradenstoke, Pasturage for one hundred Sheep in his Lordship of Cettrey; as also 〈…〉 one Yard Land in Ambresbury, and another in • etcrey. He likewise bestowed 〈…〉 on the Monks of the C • rthusian Order, his Mannor of Hethorp. Which, being not 〈…〉 a place proper for them to settle at, Ela his Widow translated 〈…〉 them afterwards to Henton. And by his Testament 〈…〉 , did assign all the profits which he had received or should (until his own Heir came of full age) by the Wardship of the Land and Heir of Richard de Camvil, a great Baron of that time) for the building of a certain Monastery of the Cart • usian Order, called Gods House. And moreover, bequeathed thereto a Cup of Gold, set with Emerauds and Rubies; as also a Pix of Gold, with Forty two shillings, and two Goblets of Silver, whereof one was gilt. Likewise a Chesible and Cope of Red Silk, a Tunicle and Dalmatick of Yellow Cendal, an Albe, Amice, and Stole; as also a Favon and Towel, with all his Relicks; and likewise a Thousand Sheep, Three hundred Muttons, Forty eight Oxen, and Fifteen Bulls. Which Testament was ratified 〈…〉 by the King in 38 Hen. 3.

By this Ela he had issue four Sons, viz. 〈…〉 William his eldest, secondly Richard, a Canon 〈…〉 of Salisbury, buried at Lacock; thirdly, Stephen, made Seneschal 〈…〉 of Gascoigne, in 39 Hen. 3. and afterwards Justice 〈…〉 of Ireland; who taking to Wife 〈…〉 Emeline, Countess of Ulster, bore 〈…〉 the Title of Earl of Ulster; his Body being afterwards buriedIbid. at Lacock, but his Heart atIbid. Bradenstoke: And fourthly, Nicholas, BishopIbid. of Salisbury, whose Body lieth buriedIbid. at Salisbury, his Heart atIbid. Lacock, and Bowels atIbid. Ra • isbury. And five Daughters; whereof Isabel the eldest, became the WifeIbid. of William de Vesci; Ela ofIbid. Thomas, Earl of Warwick, and afterwards ofIbid. Philip Basset of Hedendon in Com. Oxon. Idonea Ibid. of William de Beauchamp, Baron of Bedford▪ Lora a NunIbid. at Lacock; and Ela marriedIbid. to William de Odingsells.

But Ela his Widow survived him long, and executedRot. Pip. 11 Hen. 3. Wilt. the Sheriffs Office for the County of Wilts, in 11 Hen. 3. for three parts of that year. So likewiseRot. Pip. de 〈◊〉 ann • s. for 12 Hen. 3. And the fourth part of 15 Hen. 3. At which time she gavePat. 15 H. 3. m. 3. the King a Fine of Two hundred marks, to have the custody (id 〈◊〉 , the Sheriffalty) of that County; and the Castle of Sarum, during her whole life.

In 18 Hen. 3. this Ela, together with Nicholas Ma • mains, had an AssignationClaus. 18 Hen▪ 3. m. 26. of their Purparties in the Mannor of Culing in Com. Suff. Which Lordship wasClaus. 18 Hen▪ 3. m. 26. formerly part of the possession, of Eleanor her MotherClaus. 18 Hen▪ 3. m. 26., formerly Countess of Salisbury, and Grand-motherClaus. 18 Hen▪ 3. m. 26. to him the said Nicholas. And being a devout Woman, discernedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 341 a. n. 30 & 40. 〈…〉 n. 40. that Hethorp, which the Earl, her Husband, had given to the Carthusians (as before is observed) was not a • it seat for them, in respect of the strictness of their Rule; she translated Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 341 a. n. 30 & 40. 〈…〉 n. 40. them to Henton, and there builtMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 341 a. n. 30 & 40. 〈…〉 n. 40. a Church for them in An. 1227. (11 Hen. 3.)

It is observedM • n Anglic. Vol. 2. 3 • 2 a n. 10 & 20., that this Ela having continued seven years a Widow, had a purpose to found some Monastery for the health of her Soul; as also for the Soul of her Husband, and all her Ancestors: And that, at lengt • , having a revelation M • n Anglic. Vol. 2. 3 • 2 a n. 10 & 20., That she should do it in a certain place called Snailes-M • de, near unto Lacock, to the honor of our Lady, and S. Bernard, she beganIbid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. that Foundation of Lacock, in An. 1233. (17 Hen. 3.) And afterwards, viz. in An. 1238. (22 Hen. 3.) took upon her the habitIbid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. of a Nun there. Likewise, that in An. 1240. (24 Hen. 3.) she was elected Abbess, being then fifty three years of age. Moreover, that after Ibid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. she had continued Abbess there, for the space of Eighteen years, finding her self debilitatedIbid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. with age, so that she could not so well undergo the Government of the House as she desired, she resigned Ibid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. the same; and, that, about five years after, departingIbid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. this life, she was buriedIbid. 342 b. 342 a. n. 40 & 50. in the Quire of that Abbey.

¶I now come to William William. the eldest Son, and Successor to the before specified Earl William and Ela; commonly called by Matthew Paris, and most of our other Historians, Earl of Salisbury, but erroneously; for all Records, wherein mention is made of him, do not give him that title, but call him barely William Longespe. Nay there is an old Chronicler who saithMS. Oxon. in 〈…〉 (K 84 Caut.) • 50 b. expresly, That in An. 1233. (17 Hen. 3.) he was girt with the Sword of Knighthood, but not made Earl of Salisbury. Besides, I shall in due order of time, make it appear, That he did lay his claim to that Earldom, and had some fair promises, that he should have right done him therein, but never had.

This William took to WifeClaus. 10 Hen. 3. m 12. Idonea, the Daughter and Heir of Richard de Camvill. Which Idonea accomplishing her fullClaus. 10 Hen. 3. m 12. age in 10 Hen. 3. had then LiveryClaus. 10 Hen. 3. m 12. of the Lands of her Inheritance. And, in regard, that William his Father, had beenIbid. m. 4. with the King in his Army at Montgomery, was dischargedIbid. m. 4. of the Scutage then paid by those who were not actually in that service.

Moreover, in 13 Hen. 3. he obtained a Grant Cart 13 He • . 3. m • . from the King, of the Mannors of Audibuene and Wamberge; as also of the moity of the Mannor of Shriveham to himself, and his heirs, to hold by the service of two Knights Fees. And in 15 Hen. 3. had Lands in Sutton and Clyve, in Com. Northampt. grantedRot. Pip. 15 Hen. 3. Northampt. to him, and to the before-specified Idonea de Kamvill his Wife. In which year, doing his homageRot. Fin. 15 Hen. 3. m. 8., he had LiveryRot. Fin. 15 Hen. 3. m. 8. of all those Lands, which Nichola de Haya held of the Honor of Camel in Cherleton, and Henstring, which by Hereditary Right, belonged to the above-mentioned Idonea his Wife.

This William gave to the Canons of Berncester (vulgo Bisseter) in Com. Oxon. for the health of the Souls of his Father and Mother, and of his own Soul; all his Lands in Wrechero • ch, with his Wood called • ravenhull; as also certain Arable Ground, called Coubregge, and Pasturage for fifty Beasts, at Erdintone. And in An. 1236. (20 Hen. 3. with Mat Paris, p 431. n. 30. Richard, Earl of Cornwal, the Kings Brother, and other Nobles) having takenMat Paris, p 431. n. 30. upon him the Cross, for a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, he wentIbid. 536. n. 40. forward accordingly, about four years after, 〈◊〉 . in An. 1240. (24 Hen. 3.) and in An. 1242. in the Moneth of March, returned 〈…〉 safe.

After which, viz. before the end of that year, he was 〈…〉 in that great Battle (with divers other Nobles of this Realm) at • antoigne, where the English obtained a glorious victory. And in 27 Hen. 3. had a GrantCart. & Pat. 2 • H 3. m. 3. of Sixty marks annuity out of the Exchequer, until he should obtain judgment upon the Claim that he made to the Earldom of Wiltshi • e, and Castle of Sarum. Which judgment the King promisedCart. & Pat. 2 • H 3. m. 3. should be given upon his return into England.

Furthermore, about this time, being in France, he was joyned in Commission Ibid. m. 5 • with Hugh de Vivone, to receive all those to favor and protection; who, having any Castles or Towns in the parts of Peregot, would yield them up to the King. And in An. 1247. (31 Hen. 3.) having again Mat. Paris, 372. n. 20. • (according to the example Mat. Paris, 372. n. 20. • of the King of France,) taken upon him the Cross, in order to another Pilgrimage to the Holy Land, he came Mat. Paris, 372. n. 20. • to Rome, and said thus Mat. Paris, 372. n. 20. • to the Pope. Sir, you see that I am signed with the 〈◊〉 , and am on my journey with the King of France, to fight in this Pilgrimage. My name is great, and of note, viz. William Longespe; but my estate is slender: For the King of England, my Kinsman, and Leige-Lord, hath berest me of the title of Earl, and of that Estate; but this he did judicially, and not in displeasure, or by the impulse of his will: Therefore I do not blame him for it. Howbeit, I am necessitated to have recourse to your Holiness for favor, desiring your assistance in this distress. We see here (quoth he) that Earl Richard (of Cornwal) who, though he is not signed with the Cross, yet through the especial Grace of your Holiness, he hath got very much Money from those who are signed; and therefore I who am signed, and in want, do intreat the like favor.

The Pope therefore, taking into consideration Ibid n. 〈◊〉 . the elegancy of his expressions; as also the efficacy of his Reasons, and comliness of his Person, grantedIbid n. 〈◊〉 . to him, in part, what he desired: Whereupon he received 〈…〉 above a thousand marks from those who had been so signed.

Therefore, about two years after, viz. in An. 1249. (33 Hen. 3.) in the Moneth of Iuly, with Ibid. 766. n. 50. & 767 a. divers other English Nobles, beingIbid. 766. n 50. & 767 a. no less in the company than Two hundred Horse, (of all which he was the Captain) having receivedIbid. 766. n. 50 & 767 a. the the blessing of his noble Mother Ela, then Abbess of Lacock, he beganIbid. 766. n. 50. & 767 a. his journey; and being received with great respect by the King of France, putIbid. himself into his Army. After which, scil. in An. 1250. (34 Hen. 3.) the King of France, having put a GarisonIbid. into Damieta, thence marching Eastwards, he attended himIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 50.. And in this expedition took a strong TowerIbid 〈◊〉 n. 50., not far from 〈◊〉 , wherein wereIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 10. the Wives of sundry noble Saracens; and after that, surpris • dIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 10. divers Merchants, passing with Camels, Mules, and Asses, laden with Gold, Silver, and Spices; as alsoIbid. n. 〈◊〉 . many Carriages with Victual, which begot him much envyIbid. n. 〈◊〉 . from the French; from whom thereupon he receivedIbid. n. 〈◊〉 . great abuses.

For which respect, he resolvedIbid 〈◊〉 ▪ n. 10. to stay at Acres, with the Templers and Hospitalers, until the rest of the English Nobles came thither; unto whom he purposedIbid 〈◊〉 ▪ n. 10. to represent the pride and insolencies of the French. But, before the end of that year, passing 〈…〉 from 〈◊〉 towards 〈◊〉 , the Saracens gave them Battle 〈…〉 ; in which, fighting most valian • ly 〈…〉 , he killed 〈…〉 above one hundred of them with his own hands; but having the hard sate to be overpowred with numbers, was there himself slain 〈…〉 .

It is reportedM. Par •• , 791. • 30 & 40., that the night before the death of this William (which thus hapned in An. 1250. (34 Hen. 3.) in the Holy Land) Ela his Mother, then Abbess of Lacock, saw in a Vision the Heavens open, and her Son armed at all parts (whose Shield she well knew) received with joy by the Angels; and, that she then asking, Who is this? it was answered, Do you not know your Son William, and his Armor? And she said Yes. And it was replied, It is he whom thou his Mother now beholdest. MoreoverM. Par •• , 791. n 30 & 40., that she keeping in mind the time, about half a year after, when it was told her, held up her hands, and with a chearful countenance said, I thy Handmaid, give thanks to thee, O Lord, that out of my sinful flesh, thou hast caused such a Champion against thine Enemies to be born.

It is also reported 〈…〉 , that in Anno 1252. (36 Hen. 3. which was about two years after this famous William Longespe was thus slain) the Soldan of Babylon, when Messengers were sent to him, for redemption of those who had been taken prisoners in that unhappy War, said, I much wonder at you Christians, who reverence the Bones of the Dead, why you inquire not for those of the Renowned and right Noble William Longespe; because there be many things reported of them, (whether fabulous or not, I cannot say;) viz. That, in the dark of the night, there have been appearances at his Tomb; and that to some, who called upon his God, many things were bestowed from Heaven. For which cause, and in regard of his great worth and Nobility of Birth, we have caused his Body to be here Intombed. Whereupon the Messengers desiring Ibid. n. 20. it, it was delivered Ibid. n. 20. to them by the Soldan, and thence brought Ibid. n. 20. to Acres, where they buried Ibid. n. 20. it in the Church of S. Cross.

After the death of this last mentioned William Longespe, William William. his Son and Heir byRot. Pip. 36 Hen. 3. Oxon. the before-specified Idonea, doing his homage, had Livery Claus. 36 Hen. 3. m 5. of all those Lands, whereof his Father was seised in Fee, when he was in that Pilgrimage to the Holy Land, wherein he died. Which William in 40 Hen. 3. beingMat. Paris, 925. n. 40. in the Tourneament, then held at Buthe, was there overthrown Mat. Paris, 925. n. 40., and lostMat. Paris, 925. n. 40. his credit. And having weddedPat. 28 H. 3. m. 6. Ex Autog. pen • s Th. Comitem Elginiz. Maud, the Daughter of Walter Clifford, with whom he hadPat. 28 H. 3. m. 6. Ex Autog. pen • s Th. Comitem Elginiz. in marriage Twenty eight pounds eight shillings and two pence per annum Lands, in Culmintone in Com. Salop, by the gift of her Father, departedMat. Paris, 942. n. 40. this life in the flower of his youth, viz. in An. 1257. (41 H. 3.) Whereupon Maud his Widow, accordingClaus. 41 Hen. 3. m. 10. to the Custom of the Realm, promisingClaus. 41 Hen. 3. m. 10. upon her Oath, that she would not marry again without leave, had her Dowry then assignedClaus. 41 Hen. 3. m. 10. to her.

In this her Widowhood, she gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 644 a. n. 50. to the Canons of Barlings, in Com. Linc. for the health of her Soul, and the Soul of William Longespe her Husband, her whole Lordship of Cavenby in Com. Linc. with the Advowson of the Church, for the augmentation and support of four Canons more in that Abbey. After which, she marriedRo • . Fin. 12 Edw. 1. m. 3. to Iohn Gifford of Brimsfield in Com. Gloc.

About this time also, the Wardship of the Lands, and Heir of this William Longespe, which had been formerly givenMat. Paris, 943. n. 30. & 946. n. 10. to Prince Edward, was bestowedMat. Paris, 943. n. 30. & 946. n. 10. on the Queen; but soon after, viz. before the end of that year, Edmund de Lacy in considerationRot. Fin. 41 Hen. 3. m. 9. Pat. 41 H. 3. m. 15. of ten marks in Gold given to the King, obtained LicenseRot. Fin. 41 Hen. 3. m. 9. Pat. 41 H. 3. m. 15. for Henry his Son, to contract Matrimony with Margaret, the eldest Daughter and Coheir to the said William. Whereupon, doing his homage, he had LiveryClaus. 42 Hen. 3. m. 5. of all those Lands. Which Marriage, though not consummated till then, was concludedEx magno Registro in Officio Ducat. Lan • . of betwixt William Longespe her Father, and the before specified Edmund, upon Friday before Christmasday, An. 1256. (41 Hen. 3.) they having had ConferenceEx magno Registro in Officio Ducat. Lan • . thereof before in Galcoigne. Whereupon the said William gaveEx magno Registro in Officio Ducat. Lan • . with her, the Mannors of Burncestre and Middleton, with the Homages, Rents, Services, &c. And for her Dowry, the said Edmund, setledEx magno Registro in Officio Ducat. Lan • . upon her for her life, in case she should survive his Son Henry, the Mannors of Skippeys and Scales, with their Appurtenances. But after this, she took to HusbandEx Vet. MS. penès ... Darel de Com. Wil • s. 〈◊〉 . 1577. Sir Walter Walrond Knight, by whom she had three Daughters, viz. Ex Vet. MS. penès ... Darel de Com. Wil • s. 〈◊〉 . 1577. Cecely, married to Iohn de Monemue, who died issueless; Aubrea, toEx Vet. MS. penès ... Darel de Com. Wil • s. 〈◊〉 . 1577. Walter Ingham; and Isabel, toEx Vet. MS. penès ... Darel de Com. Wil • s. 〈◊〉 1577. Walter Nevil.

Bohun:

HVmphrey de Bohun, Humphrey. 1. the first of this Noble Family, that setled here in England, being a KinsmanMon Anglic Vol 2. p. 67. n. 50. to William Duke of Normandy, cameMon Anglic Vol 2. p. 67. n. 50. hither with him at his Conquest of this Realm; being calledMon Anglic Vol 2. p. 67. n. 50. Humphrey with the Beard; having that special denomination (as it seems) inW. Malm • b. f. 56 b. n 20. regard most of the Normans, did then totally shave their Faces.

I do not find that he was possessed of any more Lordships in England at the time of the Conquerors Survey, than Taterford Domesd. Nor • . in Norfolk; nor have I seen more mention of him, than that he left issueMonast Anglic Vol • . 67 a n. 60. Humphrey Humphrey 2. the second, called The Great; who, by the appointmentIbid. of King William Rufus, tookIbid. to Wife Maud Mabel Regist. de Lewes. the Daughter of Edward de Saresbury, (Progenitor of the antient Earls of Sarum) with whom he hadMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67 b. in Marriage, all the Lands which were purchased by the said Edward, viz. Weston juxta Salisbury, Walton, Newenton, Piriton, Staunton, Trobrege, and one Messuage in Salisbury, over the East Gate, with the Advowson of the Church of S. Cross, built over that Gate, together with a Meadow without the Town of Salisbury: Which Lordship of Weston was afterwards exchanged for the Mannors of Wine • esford and Maningford.

This Humphrey bearingRegist. de Lewes. a great regard to the Cluniack Order of Monks, whereof the Abbey of Lewes in Sussex, was the second of those, which had been seated here in England, gaveRegist. de Lewes. thereunto his Church of Bishopstreet, with the consent of 〈◊〉 his Wife; but upon Regist. de Lewes. condition, that, if he should grant his Church of Farley (in Wiltshire) to the Monks of Lewes, and the Prior of Lewes place some of his Covent at Farley, that then those of Farley might wholly enjoy it.

He had issueMon. Anglic. Vol 2. 67 b. n. 10. Humphrey Humphrey 3. the third, and Maud a Daughter: Which Humphrey was Steward Mon. Anglic. Vol 2. 67 b. n. 10. and SewerMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 620 a. n. 20. to King Henry the First; and espoused Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 67 b. n. 10. Margery, the eldest of the three Daughters of Milo, Earl of Hereford, Constable of England, Sister and Coheir to Mahel her Brother.

This Humphrey, with the said Margery his Wife, were FoundersMon. Angl. Vol 1. 620 a. n. 20. of the Priory at Farley (commonly called Monkton-Farley) in Wiltshire, in An. 1125. (26 Hen. 1.) and annexed Mon. Angl. Vol 1. 620 a. n. 20. it as a Cell to the Abbey of Lewes in Sussex.

Moreover, in 1 Steph. he wasRic. Prior Hagustald. de gestis Regis Steph. Col. 315. n. 10. one of the Witnesses to King Stephens Laws; but when Maud, Daughter to King Henry the First (commonly called Maud the Empress) landedOesta Regis Steph. p. 946 D. in England, with her Brother Robert, Earl of Glocester, (4 Steph.) he adheredIbid. 948 A. to her, and at the incitation of Milo, Earl of Hereford (his Wives Father) fortifiedIbid. 948 A. his Town of Trobregge against King Stephen, in such sort, as that it was impregnable.

In 5 Steph. he gaveRot Pip. 5 Steph. Wil • s. Thirty two pounds ten shillings for his Relief, as to those Lands in Wiltshire, which were his Fathers; and Rot Pip. 5 Steph. Wil • s. Four hundred marks of Silver, that he might enjoy that Office of Sewer to the King (which his Father held.)

To him it was that Maud the Empress by her special CharterEx ipso Autogr. penès Augustinum Styward de Lakyngheth in Com. Suff. An. 1575., granted the Office of Sewer to her, both in England and Normandy; unto whom he so firmly adhered in all her troubles, that fighting in the Battle of Winchester, on her part, in 6 Steph. he was there takenW. Malmsb. f. 109 a n 10. prisoner by William de Ipre.

In 12 Hen. 2. upon assessing the Aid, for marrying the Kings Daughter, he certifiedLib. Rub. in Scacc. Wil • s. the Knights Fees, whereof his Grand-father was Enfeoffed to be Thirty and an half, De Veteri Feoffamento; and Nine and an half De Novo Feoffamento: For which Fees De Veteri Feoffamento, he paid Thirty marks and an half.

At that time also, Margaret Lib. Rub. in Scacc. Gloc. his Wife (for so she is called in the Record) signified the Knights Fees, which she then held (whereof the respective persons named in her Certificate wereLib. Rub. in Scacc. Gloc. Enfeosffed by Milo de Glocester her Father) to be Lib. Rub. in Scacc. Gloc. seventeen De Veteri Feoffamento, and three and four parts De Novo.

In 20 Hen. 2. this Humphrey accompaniedR. Hoved. 307. Richard de Lucy (Justice of England) into Scotland, with a powerful Army, to wast that Countrey; and wasJoreval. col. 1105. n. 50. one of the Witnesses to the accord then made by William King of Scots, and King Henry, as to the subjection of that Kingdom to the Crown of England. In the same year he joynedR. Hoved. 307 n. 10. with other of the Loyal Peers; and giving BattleR. Hoved. 307 n. 10. to the Earl of Leicester, then in Rebellion (whose Army they totally routed) took him prisonerR. Hoved. 307 n. 10..

Lastly, having confirmedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 109 b. n. 10. to the Canons of S. Dionis, near Soli • hampton, the Grant of the Church of Cheleworth, made by Humphrey his Father: He departedIbid. 67 b. n 20. this life 6 Apr. An. 1187. (33 Hen. 2.) and was buriedIbid. 67 b. n 20. in the Chapter-House of Lanthony near G • ocester; leaving Humphrey Humphrey 4. his Son and Heir, whose custody the before mentioned Margery hadRot. Pip. 33 H. 2. Wil • s., and paid Ibid. Thirty pounds ten shillings, upon levying the Scutage of Gatway for those Knights Fees, which belonged to his Barony, in regard he did notIbid. attend the King in his Army thither.

Which Humphrey (being the fourth of that name) wasMon. Anglic. Vol 2. 67 b. Earl of Here • ord, as also Constable of England, by descent from Margaret, his Mother, if the Chronicles of Lanthony mistake not; and tookIbid. n. • 0. R. Hoved. f. 467 b. n 50. to Wife Margaret, Daughter to Henry Earl of Huntingdon, Sister to William King of Scots, and Widow of Conan le Petit, Earl of Br •• any and Richmond: But of him I find nothing farther memorable, than that by this last Will and Testament, he Monast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 210 b. n. 10. gave to the Canons of Bradenstoke, certain Lands in Uinelesford, of one mark per annum value; and that he was buriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67 b. n. 30. in the Chapter-house at Lanthony; leaving issue Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67 b. n. 30. Henry de Bohun his Son and Heir: Which Henry Henry. in 9 Rich. 1. gaveRot. Pip. • R. 1. Gloc. Three hundred marks Fine to the King, for Livery of those Lands, that were the Inheritance of Margery, his Grand-mother; and was, in truth, the first Earl of Hereford, of this great Family (though the Chronicle of Lanch • ny attributes that title to his Father) having a GrantCart. 1 Joh. p 1. n. 40 Liberat. • 2 Joh. m. • . of Twenty pounds yearly of the Tertium Denarium Comitatus, made to him by King Iohn, in 1 Ioh. in consideration Cart. 1 Joh. p 1. n. 40 Liberat. • 2 Joh. m. • . that he had surrendred divers Lordships to King Henry the Second; but the Constableship of England, his Father and Grand-father enjoyed beforeMonast. Anglic. ut. supra..

In 6 Ioh. this Earl Henry answeredRot. Pip. 6 Joh. Wil • s. to the King Fifty marks, and a Palfrey to have the like PossessionsRot. Pip. 6 Joh. Wil • s. of Twenty Knights Fees belonging to the Honor of Huntendon, as King Henry the Second gave to Margery his Mother, upon a Verdict obtained by her, for the same, in his Court: And also to haveRot. Pip. 6 Joh. Wil • s. the like Possession of Ryhale, as was adjudged to his Mother, in the time of King Richard the First.

In 13 Ioh. he accountedRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Glo • . Twenty two pound thirteen shillings four pence, for Seventeen Knights Fees upon levying the Scutage of Wales.

But, shortly after this, taking part with the Rebellious Barons, all his Lands wereClaus. 17 Joh. m. 25. seised on by the King: Howbeit, upon the Agreement made at Runnimede, in 17 Ioh. he had restitution Claus. 17 Joh. m. 25. of them: And that Accord being made, wasMat. Paris in An. 1215. p. 2 • 2. one of those Twenty five Peers, who undertook that the King should observe the Great Charter (then ratified at • unnimede) and to compel him thereto, in case he should refuse so to do. Moreover, the next ensuing year, the Barons raising new troubles; he was one of those, who, through the procurement of the King, was excommunicatedIbid. 〈◊〉 An. 1216. by the Pope. Nor returned he to his allegiance, upon the death of King Iohn (as many of the great Men then did) but took 〈…〉 part with the rest of that Rebellious Rout, which adhered to Lewes of France; and being 〈…〉 one of the Leaders of their Army against King Henry the Third, in the Battle of Lincoln, 1 Hen. 3. was there taken prisoner 〈…〉 . But, besides this, I have seen nothing farther memorable of him, than that he marriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12. 〈…〉 . Maud, the sole Daughter to Geffrey Fitz-Piers, Earl of Essex, (afterwards weddedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12. 〈…〉 . to Roger de Dantsey, (from which Roger she was ere long divorcedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12. 〈…〉 ..) With whom he hadMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12 〈…〉 . in Frank-marriage, the Lordship of Witehurst in Glocestershire. Which Maud became at length HeirMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Par. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12 〈…〉 . to her Brother, viz. William de Mandevile, the last Earl of Essex of that Family; whereby she broughtMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12 〈…〉 . the Honor of Essex, with other Lands of her Inheritance to this family.

This Earl Henry died upon the first day of Iune, An. 1220. (4 Hen. 3.) in his Voyage towards the Holy Land, and was buriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12 〈…〉 . in the Chapter-house at Lanthony, before-mentioned; leaving issue three Sons, viz. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67. b. • . 30 & 40. Rot. fin. 12 Hen. 3. m 8. Cart. 12 Hen. 3. m. 9. M. Paris. in A. 12 •• p. 372. a. 10. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m. 10. Pat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. m▪ • . Claus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 6. Plac. de Ba • co T. Mich. 12 H 3. Rot. 12 〈…〉 . Humphrey his Son and Heir, Henry, who died in his youth, and Ralph Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 446 • . n. 50 & 60.; as also one DaughterEx 〈◊〉 in Bibl. 〈◊〉 . called Margery, who became the WifeRot. J. 〈…〉 . of Waleran, Earl of Warwick.

Upon the death of this Earl Henry, the custody of all his Lands was committedPat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. • . 4. by the King to William de Briwer, excepting the Mannor of Wokesie, which was assignedPat. 4 H. 3. p. 1. • . 4. towards the maintenance of Maud his Widow, until Hunphrey his Son and Heir should set forth her Dowry. Which Humphrey, Humphrey. doing his homagePat. 5 H. • . p. 1. m. 3. in 5 Hen. 3. had LiveryPat. 5 H. • . p. 1. m. 3. of his Castle of Casdecot. And possessing the Honor of Essex, &c. by descent from Maud his Mother, was createdCart. 1 Jo • p. 1. n. 40. Earl of Essex, 28 Apr. 1 Ioh. being (in his time) calledMon. Ang ••• ▪ Vol • . 69 • . n. 30. The good Earl of Nereford.

In An. 1227. (11 Hen. 3.) this Humphrey stoodMat. Paris. in An. 122 • . p. 337. • . 〈◊〉 . up with the Earl of Chester, and others, on the behalf of Richard, Earl of Cornwal, from whom the Mannor of Berkhamstead, had been injuriously taken by the King, and given to Walter Ties, And, upon that account, having a Rendevous at Stanford in Lincolnshire, advertisedIbid. the King in a threatning manner, That he should redress this injury with speed; and moreover requiring, That he should, without delay, restore unto them the Charter of Liberties, and that of the Forest, sealed anew (which he had concelled at Oxford;) otherwise they would compel him so to do. All which being performed, theyIbid. returned quietly to their homes.

In 13 Hen. 3. this Earl was acquittedRot. Pip. • 3 Hen. 3. Wil • s. for Fifteen Knights Fees, and a fifth part upon the Scutage of Kery in Wales, being the moity of the Fees of Trobregge. And in 20 Hen. 3. givingRot. Fin. 20 H. 3. m. 1. one hundred pound relief, for the Lands and Fees, which did by Inheritance descend unto him from Maud, Countess of Essex, his Mother; did his homage for them. Moreover, at that great solemnity of King Henry the Thirds Marriage, the same year, he performedMat. Paris, in An. 1236. p. 421. n. 10. the Office of Marshal in the Kings House.

And three years after, viz. An. 1239. (23 H. 3.) wasIbid. p. 488. n. 50. one of the God-fathers at the Font, for Edward, eldest Son to the King (there being no less than nine in all, viz. Five of the Spiritual, and four of Temporal Lords.)

Furthermore, this Earl executedRot. Pip de iisdem annis. Kent. the Office of Sheriff, for the County of Kent, for half of the 23, and for two years following, viz. 24 & 25 Hen. 3.

Also, in 26 Hen. 3. beingM. Paris, in Anno 1242. p. 596. in Gascoigne, and discerning, That the King was wholly governed by the Counsels of Aliens, he returned M. Paris, in Anno 1242. p. 596. back with Richard, Earl of Cornwal, (and other of the Nobles, who departed thence at that time) in discontent, for those Reasons.

In 28 Hen. 3. joyning with the Earl of Clare, and some other of the English Barons, he advanced Ibid. in An. 1244. p. 638. n. • 0. & p. 647. n. 30. against the Welsh, then in Arms, and had with them some fierce encounters: But the cheif cause of their Insurrection at that time, he himself wasIbid. in An. 1244. p. 638. n. • 0. & p. 647. n. 30., in regard he detainedIbid. in An. 1244. p. 638. n. • 0. & p. 647. n. 30. that part of the Inheritance of Isabel, his Wives Sister, weddedIbid. in An. 1244. p. 638. n. • 0. & p. 647. n. 30. to David, Son of Leoline, Prince of Wales, which belongedIbid. in An. 1244. p. 638. n. • 0. & p. 647. n. 30. to her by descent from Wil • iam de Breause, of • recknock, their Father. And, the next year following, had command Claus. 29 H. 3. m. 3. in dorso. to joyn with Wil • iam de Cantilupe, and to scoure the Marches of those bold Invaders, from Brecknock to Shrewsbury.

In An. 1246. (30 Hen. 3.) with the rest of the English Peers, he signedIbid. in An. 1246. p. 700. n. 50. a Letter to the Pope, whereby, representing the oppressions under which this Kingdom then suffered from the Court of Rome; they threatned to free themselves, if sudden remedy were not otherwise had.

In this year also, he accountedRot. Pip. • 0 H. 3. Essex • He •• f. to the King Ninety eight pounds and two shillings, for ninety eight Knights Fees, and a third part, upon levying the Aid, for marrying the Kings Daughter.

And in An. 1248. (32 Hen. 3.) wasMat. Paris, in eodem anno p. 743. n 5. in that Parliament then held at London, Octab. Purif. wherein the King, demanding Money, was much rebuked by the Peers; because upon the last Tax granted to him, he promised, That he would not thenceforth impose the like upon them. In the same year, upon the Kings requestIbid. p. 751. n. 10., with divers other of the Nobles, he metIbid. p. 751. n. 10. at Westminster, 3 Id. Octob. for celebrating the Feast of S. Edward. And in An. 1250. (34 Hen. 3.) took upon him the Cross, and wentIbid. p 773. • 30. to the Holy Land. In 36 Hen. 3. his Wife Eleanor, being then dead, and leaving issue, he hadClaus. 36 Hen. 3. m. 16. Livery of her part of those Lands, which were of the Inheritance of Walter Mareschal, sometime Earl of Pembroke. And in 37 Hen. 3. was presentMat. Paris • ▪ in An 1253. 37 H. 3. p. • 66. n. 30., with other of the Peers, 3 May, when that formal curse was denounced in Westminster-Hall, against the Violaters of Magna Charta, with Bell, Book, and Candle; in which year he FoundedStows S • rvey, 185 b. the Church of the Fryers-Augustines, in Broadistreet, within the City of London.

In 41 Hen. 3. he had the custodyClaus. 41. Hen. 3. in dorso m 6. of the Marches of Wales, betwixt Montgomery, and the Earl of Glocesters Lands: And in 42 Hen. 3. received command • laus 42 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 11. to attend the King at Che • ter, upon Monday before Midsummerday, to march against the Welsh, then in hostility.

In An. 1258. (42 Hen. 3.) he wasMat. Paris▪ in eodem An. p 968. n. • 0. one of the first of those great Men, that entred into a Combination against the King; the issue whereof, at last, proved fatal to them. And, in 44 Hen. • ▪ beingClaus. 44 Hen. • . m. 17. one of the Barons of the Marches, he wasClaus 44 Hen. • ▪ m. 17. (with the rest) commanded to attend Roger Mortimer, the chief of them, with all his power, for the defence of those parts, against Lewelin ap Griffin, and his adherents.

In 48 Hen. 3. the King acknowledgingPat. 48 Hen. 3. m. 13. his good services (the times being then turbulent) grantedPat. 48 Hen. 3. m. 13. him the Marriage of Roger de Tonys Heir. Shortly after which, he joynedIbid. m. 18▪ with Prince Edward, and other of the Loyal Nobles, in that undertaking, for the Kings observing the Award, which the King of France should make touching the Provisions of Oxford, and all other differences betwixt him and the Barons. (This being after the Battle of Lewes, when the King was their prisoner.) Nevertheless, shortly after, he was with the Rebellious Barons in the Battle of • vesham, 49 Hen. 3. and there taken prisoner c; whereupon his Lands were extendedEsc. 49. Hen. 3. n. 3..

But long he did not continue so, as it seems; for it appearsPat. 50 H. 3. m 44., that the next ensuing year, the King acknowledging his faithful services, was pleased by his Letters Patents, to grant, That the Mannors of Sudham and With ••• st, with the Appurtenances, and one hundred shillings (per annum) Land in Haresfe •• in Com. Gloc. As also the Reversion of the Lordships of Kinebauton in Com. 〈◊〉 . Walden and Deepden in Com. Essex. All which, he the said Earl had long before passed to Humphrey his Son and Heir, after his own decease; and to the Heirs of his Body, by Ioane his Wife, Daughter of Robert de Quency, lawfully begotten; should remain to the said Earl and Heirs, notwithstanding his late forfeiture, in adhering to Simon Mountfort, late Earl of Leicester, and his Complices in their Rebellion against him.

This Earl had twoMon. Anglic. • ol. 2. 67 a. n. 40 & 50. Wives; first Maud, Daughter to the Earl of Ewe; by whom he left issueMon. Anglic. • ol. 2. 67 a. n. 40 & 50. Humphrey, his Son and Heir, who succeeded him in these Earldoms of Hereford and Essex; and four Daughters, viz. Maud, Wife of Anselme, Son and Heir to William Mareschal, Alice Wife of ... Thony; ... Wife of ... Quincy; and ... Which Maud, his Wife, diedMon. Anglic. • ol. 2. 67 a. n. 40 & 50. on the Eve of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, and was buriedMon. Anglic. • ol. 2. 67 a. n. 40 & 50. in the Chapter-house at Lanthony.

His second Wife was calledIbid. 68. n. 10. Maud de Avenebury; by whom he had issueIbid. 68. n. 10. Sir Iohn de Bohun, Lord of Haresfield, (who, adhering Pat. 50 H. 3. m. 28. to Mountfort, Earl of Leicester, and other the Rebellious Barons, vanquished in the Battle of Evesham, madePat. 50 H. 3. m. 28. his Peace with the King in the Fiftieth of Henry the Third.) Which Maud dyingMon. Anglic Vol. • . 67 a. n. 20. at Sorges in Gascoigne, was there buriedMon. Anglic Vol. • . 67 a. n. 20.; but afterwards, by her Son, translated to Lanthony, and with great solemnity interred Mon. Anglic Vol. • . 67 a. n. 20., near to the Earl, her Husband.

This Earl diedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 68. n. 10. Rot. Fin. 3 Edw. 1. m. 10. Esc. 3 Ed. 1. n. 1. Mon. Anglic. ut supra n. 10. upon the Twenty fourth of September, An. 1275. (3 Edw. 1.) and was buried Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 68. n. 10. Rot. Fin. 3 Edw. 1. m. 10. Esc. 3 Ed. 1. n. 1. Mon. Anglic. ut supra n. 10. before the High Altar in the Abbey of Lanthony.

Unto whom succeeded Humphrey his Grandson, Son and Heir to Humphrey his Son, who died in the life time of his Father. But before I proceed to speak of this his Successor in these Earldoms, I shall take notice of what I find most memorable of Humphrey his Father, who lived not to be Earl.

This Humphrey Humphrey 6. (the sixth of that name) in 42 Hen. 3. hadClaus. 42 H. 3. m. 11. command (with divers other great Men) to march with Horse and Arms to Chester, and to be there the Monday next preceding the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, to oppose the p • wer of Leoline, Prince of Wales, who had then made some hostile incursions on those parts. So likewiseClaus. 47 H. 3. in dorso m. 15. to be at Hereford on Monday next after Candlemass-day, in the Forty seventh of Henry the Third.

Being a person of a very turbulent spirit, he took part with the Rebellious Barons upon all occasions; and therefore in 47 Hen. 3. was Ex Vet. MS. in Bibl. Bo • l. 8. V. 8. Th. f 136 a. excommunicated, together with that great Rebel S. Mountfort, Earl of Leicester, and other his Complices, for plundring divers Churches, and committing much Sacriledge; and, meetingH. Knighton col. 2446. n 40. with the rest of them in the Parliament then held at Oxford, thenceforthH. Knighton col. 2446. n 40. began to put himself in Arms against the King; whereupon Prince Edward besiegedMat. Paris, in A. 1263. n. 30. his Castles of Hay and Huntington, in the Marches of Wales, and tookMat. Paris, in A. 1263. n. 30. them; so alsoMat. Paris, in A. 1263. n. 30. his Castle of Brecknock.

In An. 1264. (48 Hen. 3.) beingChro. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. Med. 20 f. 116 b. & 119 a. in Arms with other of the Rebellious Barons, he endeavored Chro. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. Med. 20 f. 116 b. & 119 a. (with them) to expel all Aliens; and wasted the Lands of those who did not submit to the Provisions made at Oxford. Moreover, he wasChro. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. Med. 20 f. 116 b. & 119 a. one of the Lead▪ of their Rebellious Army, at that fatal Battle of Lewes, where the King was made prisoner. Whereupon he was by them constituted GovernorH Knighton, col. 2445. n. 42. Pat. 48 H 3. m. 12. of Goodrich Castle, as also of the CastleIbid. m. 7. at Winchester. And the next year following, was GeneralChron. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. K. 84. 63 b. & 64 a. & Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 67 b. n. 60. of their Foot Forces in the Battle of Evesham, where their whole Army being routed and destroyed, he was taken prisonerMS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. inter codices Digb n. 11. • 86 a. It is said by some, That when he came near the place of fight, he withdrew himself: But, being thus taken, he was sent prisonerMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 68 a. to Beeston Castle in Cheshire, where he diedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 68 a., on Simon and Iudes Eve, next following that Battle (his Father then living) and was buriedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 68 a. in the Abbey of • umbermere in that County.

This Humphrey (the sixth of that name) took Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 727 b. to Wife Eleanor, one of the three Daughters and Coheirs to William de Breause of Brecknock (a great Baron) CoheirIbid. a. n. 5 • . also to Eve her Mother, one of the Five Daughters and Coheirs of William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke; and hadIbid. 5 • 7. n. 50. Ibid. Vol. 2. 67 b. n. 60 with her the whole Lordship of Brecknock, of her Fathers Inheritance; as also Livery Pat. 3 • H. 3. m. 10., in her Right (together with Roger de Mortimer and Maud his Wife, and William de Cantilupe and Eve his Wife, the other Daughters and Coheirs to the said William de Breause) of the Castle and Town of Haverford, part of the Lands Hereditarily descending to them from Walter Mareschal, sometime Earl of Pembroke, (Brother of Eve their Mother.)

By which Eleanor he left issueMonast. Angl. 〈◊〉 2. 67 b. n. 60. Humphrey de Bohun the Seventh, who succeededMonast. Angl. 〈◊〉 2. 67 b. n. 60. his Grandfather in these Earldoms of Hereford and Essex.

Another Wife he had, called Ioan, Daughter of Robert de Quency (as is manifest by that Grant of King Henry the Third, to Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, his Father, in 50 Hen. 3. before recited;) but whether she was his first Wife or not, I cannot determine.

This Humphrey Humphrey. 7. (the Grandson) in 2 Edw. 1. had the Castle and Town of Haverford, which were of his Inheritance, then restoredPat. 2 Ed. 1. m. 8. to him; as also LiveryRot. Fin. 3 E • w. 1. • . • . of all his other Lands, the next ensuing year, doing his homage upon the death of his Grandfather.

And in 10 Edw. 1. being appointedRot. 〈◊〉 . re • chal. 〈◊〉 An. 10 Ed. 1. m. 5. to make his abode in the Parts of Brecknock, deputed Rot. 〈◊〉 . re • chal. 〈◊〉 An. 10 Ed. 1. m. 5. Iohn de Bohun, his Uncle, to attend the King for performance of the Office of Constable of England, in his absence.

In 14 Edw. 1. he wasRot. So • tag. de 〈◊〉 . 14 Ed. 1. m. 4. with the Kings Army in Wales, and hadRot. So • tag. de 〈◊〉 . 14 Ed. 1. m. 4. thereupon Scutage of his Tenants: But in 20 Edw. 1. being convictedRot. Fin. 20 Edw. • . m. 11. of some misdemeanor, before the King and his Council, his Royalties, for his Lands in Brecknock, were seisedRot. Fin. 20 Edw. • . m. 11. on, and committed to Roger de Burghul.

In 25 Edw. 1. he was sentTho. 〈◊〉 34. n. • 0. into Holland, with Iohn, Son to the Earl of Holland, (who had married the Daughter of King Edward) when he went to challenge the Inheritance of his Father, about that time slain.

In the same year it wasH Knig • ton, col. 2453. n. 10., that the King caling a Parliament at Salisbury, requiredH Knig • ton, col. 2453. n. 10. this Earl and some others, to go into Gascoigne. To whom they answeredH Knig • ton, col. 2453. n. 10.; that if he did go himself in person they would attend him: But the King, threatningH Knig • ton, col. 2453. n. 10. them with high words, that he would compell them to goe without him; they putH Knig • ton, col. 2453. n. 10. themselves in Arms. Which being discerned, that business was prosecuted no farther.

In that year likewise, he was one of those, who boldly prohibitedTho. 〈◊〉 p. • 9. the Lord Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer, to levy that Tax upon the People, of the eighth peny, then granted to the King, in the Parliament, held at S. Edmunds-bury; and incitedTho. 〈◊〉 p. • 9. the Londoners to stand with them for recovery of their Liberties.

The same year commandH. Knighton, 〈◊〉 2510. • . 60. & 2511 〈◊〉 col. 25 • 3 being given to this Earl, and some others, to provide themselves with Horse and Armes, to attend the King into Flanders; not obeying, he was discharged H. Knighton, 〈◊〉 2510. • . 60. & 2511 〈◊〉 col. 25 • 3 from his Office of Constable of England.

Also the King being then beyond Sea; Edward his Son, left Custos Regni, in his absence, sendingH. Knighton, 〈◊〉 2510. • . 60. & 2511 〈◊〉 col. 25 • 3 unto him and to the Earl-Marshal, to repair to his Parliament at London, on the tenth of October; they cameH. Knighton, 〈◊〉 2510. • . 60. & 2511 〈◊〉 col. 25 • 3 with five hundred Horse, and a multitude of Foot-Souldiers; but would not adventure within the City Walls, unless their own men might keep the Gates: Nor consent 〈…〉 to any thing then proposed, except the King did confirm the Great Charter, with some Articles thereunto added; as also the Charter of the Forest; and grant, that no Ayd should thenceforth be exacted from the Clergy, or Laity, but by consent of the Lords: as also, 〈…〉 that they themselves, and all theirs who had refused to go into Flanders with him, should be pardoned. All which was yeilded 〈…〉 to; and performance made accordingly.

Moreover in that year he was 〈…〉 with the K. in Scotland, when he obtained that great Victory near Roxborough; but upon their return to Carlisle, got leave 〈…〉 to come home. At or about this time, it was that he passed 〈…〉 the Mountains of Scotland, with Thomas Earl of Lancaster, and beseiged 〈…〉 the Castle of Rindromi in Marre; which they took 〈…〉 .

This Earl married 〈…〉 Maud Daughter 〈…〉 of William de Fienles, and endowed 〈…〉 her at the same time (by the consent 〈…〉 of Humphrey E. of Hereford, his Grandfather) with the third part of all his Lands. Moreover Queen Alianore in consideration 〈…〉 of this marriage with that her Kinswoman, obliged 〈…〉 her self to pay unto him a thousand pounds of Silver. And, besides all this; the King to manifest his kindness to her thereupon, granted 〈…〉 them the Castle and Mannor of Haye, in the Marches of Wales.

He departed 〈…〉 this life at 〈…〉 Plessy, in ann. 1298. (26 Edw. 1.) and lieth buried 〈…〉 with his Wife in the Chapel of our Lady at Walden, in Esser.

To whom succeeded 〈…〉 Humphrey de Bohun (the eighth) his Son and Heir; who, in 27 Edw. 1. doing his Homage 〈…〉 had livery 〈…〉 of his Fathers Lands.

In 30 Edw. 1. this Earl by a formal conveyance, gave and granted 〈…〉 unto the King, the inheritance of all his Lands and Lordships in this Realm; as also of his Earldomes of Hereford, and Essex, and Constableship of England. After which, viz. in 32 Edward. 1. he was 〈…〉 in Scotland, in his service. And the same year attended 〈…〉 Prince Edward beyond Sea, having Livery 〈…〉 out of the Kings Wardrobe for his expences. But upon his marriage of Elizabeth the Kings Daughter, about that time, the King regranted 〈…〉 to him all his Lands, Castels, Lordships, &c. wheresoever, both in England, or Wales; as also the right of this his Earldom of Hereford, with the Constableship of England, which he thereupon entailed upon the issue of his Body 〈…〉 , lawfully begotten: and, for want of such issue, from and after the death of himself, and his said Wife, covenanted that the Lordship of Plessets (in Essex) with the Hamlets of High-Estrey, and Great-Wa • tham, with the appurtenances; as also the Mannors of Walden, Quendon, Depedene, and Shenfeld, in Essex; Stakes, and Fobbing, in Hertfordshire; Enfeld in Middlesex; Kynebauton, in Huntendonshire; and the Constableship of England, should wholly remain to the King and his Heirs for ever. Moreover, that the Mannors of Agmondesham, in Buckinghamshire; Wolesey, in Wiltshire; Sutham, and Whitenhurst, in Gloucestershire; the Castle and Mannor of Huntinton in Herefordshire; the Castles of Brecknock, Haye, and Caldecote, in Nether-Went, within the Marches of Wales, together with all his Lands in Newton, within the same Marches, should remain to his right Heirs.

In 34 E. 1. the K. granted 〈…〉 to this Earl (being 〈…〉 then in Scotland, in his service) and to Elizabeth his Wife in tail the whole Territory of Anandale, in Scotland; but for want of issue betwixt them, to remain to the King and his Heirs.

This Earl in 35 Edw. 1. being with the King in his Scotish Warrs, departed 〈…〉 thence without leave: for which offence, at the instance of Q. Margaret he obtained 〈…〉 his pardon.

In 1 Edw. 2. he entred into a solemn agreement 〈…〉 , by Covenant under his Seal, with Henry Earl of Lincoln, Iohn Earl Warren and Surry, Aymere de Valence, Earl of Pembrok • , Robert de Clifford, and some other Barons, to defend the Kings person, and the rights of his Crown; and to redress what was amiss; as by a special Instrument, bearing date at 〈◊〉 , the last of Ianuary, in the same year, app • ar • th. In 2 Edw. 2. he was 〈…〉 in another expedition into Scotland. And in that year was one of those great men, who took 〈…〉 part with Thomas Earl of Lancaster, and conspired 〈…〉 the death of Piers de Gavaston (the great favorite of that time) for the better recovery 〈…〉 of the peoples liberties.

In 3 Edw. 2. he was 〈…〉 the principal p • rson sent by the King from York, with a sufficient strength, for guarding the Marches of Scotland. And in 5 Edw. 2. had restitutionPat 5 • 2. p. 1. m. 19. of the Constableship of England, which the King had for some reasons seized into his own hands. Furthermore, in 6 Edw. 2. he wasClaus. • Ed 2. m. 25. the cheif person in Commission, to continue a Treaty begun at Mar •• yate, with Lodowick Earl of Eureux▪ the Bishop of Po • ctou, and others; concerning certain matters of great moment, touching the King himself and some of the great Noblemen of England: which treaty wasClaus. • Ed 2. m. 25. to continue at Lo • don, but neither the Commissioners, nor their retinue to lodge in the City. But after this, viz. in 7 Edw. 2. being 〈…〉 in that fatal Battle of Str • v •• g in Scotland, and the English Army routed; he was taken 〈…〉 Prisoner in the flight (near unto the Castle of Botheville:) yet had his liberty, soon after, by exchangeTh. Wals. 81. n 4 • . for the Wife of Robert de Brus, who had been long Captive in England.

In 8 Edw. 2. he was 〈…〉 with the Earl of Lancaster, and other of his party, at the beheading of Piers Gavaston near Wa • wick. In 9 Ed. 2. he wasRot. Scnc 9 E 2. • . 5. again in Scotland.

In 11 E. 2 he received commandClaus. 11 E • w 2. 10. 23. to send two hundred Foot-Souldiers out of his Territories of Brecknock, Penken • lyn, and Cantredsclyfe, in Wales, to be at Newcastle, on the morrow after the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy-Cross, to march into Scotland. And in the same year had a grant from the King, of the Castle of Buelte, in Ireland, with the Lands thereto belonging. In which year, he entertained 〈…〉 Sir Peter de Ouvedale Knight, by Indenture, to serve him during life; and to receive Livery of Robes and ... as his other Batchelours; as also bouche of Court; with Hay and Oats for four Horses; and Wages for four Groomes in time of peace, whensoever he should come to Court by his command. But in times of Warr, and for Tourney, Hay and Oat • s for eight Horses, and Wages for eight Groomes; with satisfaction for such Horses and Arms as he should lose in War, in his service.

In 12 Edw. 2. he was 〈…〉 again in the Kings service in Scotland. So also 〈…〉 in 13 Ed. 2.

In 14 Edw. 2. the King having intelligence 〈…〉 that he was raising forces in the Marches of Wales, against Hugh le Despencer the younger, (for those reasons which I have in my discourse, of William de Braose expressed) sent 〈…〉 him a peremptory command to forbear: which he obeyed not▪ but forthwith joyned 〈…〉 with Thomas Earl of Lancaster, in that great Insurrection, then by him made: and when others forsooke him, stuck 〈…〉 to him firmly (the particulars whereof I referr to the Story of that Earl:) and, having forced 〈…〉 the King by terror to assent to those their insolent actings, he published 〈…〉 the Edict, in Westminster-Hall, for the banishment of Hugh despence • the elder. And the next year following (s • il. 14 Edw. 2.) joyned 〈…〉 with Roger Mortimer, and others, in the wasting his Lands in Wales.

But soon after this, the Scene altered; for the King, getting power, so fiercely pursuedTh. Wals. sub anno, 1322. 15 Edw. 2. p 94. n. 1 • . these potent Rebells, and all their adherents; that at Burrough-Brigg, in Yorkshire, he utterly defeatedTh. Wals. sub anno, 1322. 15 Edw. 2. p 94. n. 1 • . them: where, this Earl, endeavoring to pass the Bridge, was by a Souldier (who lurked underneath) runMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 447. b. n. 30 H. Knighton. Coll. 254 • . n. 60. through the Body with a Lance 16 Martii, ann. 1321 (15 Ed. 2.) and buriedMon. Angl. Vol 2. 68. a. n 5 • . at the Friers-Preachers, in York.

He had to WifeMon. Angl. Vol. 1 447. b. n. 20. Elizabeth, one of King Edward the firsts Daughters, Widow of Iohn Earl of Holland. Which Elizabeth had in joynture Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 〈…〉 , the Barony of Essex. By whom he had issueMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 〈…〉 six Sons; viz. Humphrey, who died young; Iohn, Humphrey, Edward, William, afterwards Earl of Northampton; and Aeneas: And four Daughters; viz. 〈◊〉 . n. 50. Margaret, who died young; Alian •• , Margaret the Wife of Hugh de Courtney (Son and 〈…〉 Heir to Hugh de Courtney, the first Earl of Dev • n, of that name) and Isabel, who died in her Childhood.

Which Edward de Bohun, in 4 Edw. 3. had a grant 〈…〉 from the King, of the Lordships of 〈◊〉 , and Sende, in Wiltshire (part of the Lands of Hugh le Despencer, Earl of Win • hester; and forfeited by his attainder) to hold to hims •••• ▪ and the Heirs male of his Body lawfully begotten. But of him I have seen no more, than that in • Edw▪ 3 he was sent 〈…〉 (together with some of the English Nobles as Embassador into Scotland, to be present at the Parliament of Edw • rd Baillol then King of that Realm; and that he died 〈…〉 without issue.

To this last Humphrey succeeded 〈…〉 Iohn de Bohun Iohn. his Son and Heir, in these Earldoms of Hereford, and Essex, and Constable-ship of England; who was made 〈…〉 Knight of the Bathe, upon the twentieth of Ianuary 20 E. 2. and then had 〈…〉 , by the special command of Prince Edward his Robes for that Solemnity allowed unto him, out of the Kings Ward-robe, as for an Earl.

After which, being girtLell. Cell. Vol. 1. 332. with the Sword of Knighthood (together with the King himself) upon the Eve of the 〈◊〉 of our Lady, 1 Edw. 3. by Iohn Brother to the Earl of Henault; he went 〈…〉 into Scotland, in that expedition made the same year. And in 9 E. 3. was 〈…〉 again in Scotland, in K. Edwards service.

This Iohn first took to WifeMon Ang • . Vol. 2. ut supra. Alice, Daughter of Edmund Earl of Arundell (for the making of which match, a special DispensationRot. Rom. 18 E. • . m. • . was, by the Kings special endeavor, procured from the Pope; to the end it might be a means to qualifie those great animo • ities, which then were betwixt both those families:) which Alice, soon after diedMon. Ang. ut supra., and was buriedMon. Ang. ut supra. at Waldene. He afterwards weddedIbid. Esc. 10 E. • . n. 62. Margaret the Daughter of Ralph Lord Basset; but, having noIbid. Esc. 10 E. • . n. 62. issue by either of them, departedIbid. Esc. 10 E. n. 62. this life at Kirkby-Thure, in Westmorland, upon the Feast day of S. Fabian, and Sebastian, in ann. 1335. (9 Edw. 3.) and was buriedMon. Angl. ut supra. at Stratford, near London: the Lands whereof he was found Esc. 10 E. 3. n 62. to die seized of, being as followeth; viz. a certain Tenement called Blanch-Appelton, in the City of London; the Mannor of Wokesey, in Com. Wiltes. Whytenhurst, in Comit. Glouc. the Castles of Hay, Brecknock, Caldecote, and Huntington, in the Marches of Wales; the Mannor of Agmondesham, in Com. Buck. Northamstede, in Comit. Hartf. Enefeild, in Com. Midd. Farnham, Dunmaw, Fobbyng, Querndon, Badewe, and Depeden, in Comitat. Essex. Hatfeild, and Brometho, in Com. ... Kenebauton, with the Castle and Honor in Huntendonshire; Waldene, Great-Waltham, and Plessets, with the Castle, in Essex also: and the Lordship of Donne, in Middlesex; which he held joyntly with Margaret his Wife.

Whereupon this his whole inheritance descended Esc. 〈◊〉 ut supra. to Humphrey his next Brother, thenEsc. 〈◊〉 ut supra. twenty four years of age.

Which Humphrey Humphrey. in 11 Edwar. 3. had an assignation l of an hundred and forty six pounds, fourteen shillings, and eight pence, for Wages of thirty Men at Armes, which were of his retinue in the Garison of Perth, in Scotland, from the fourteenth of November, in the tenth year of that Kings Reigne, untill the twentieth of April next following. And in 14 Ed. 3. was Froisa • d 29. b. & 30. • in that great Naval fight against the French, near Sluyce.

In 15 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 one of those eminent Lords, who were at that great Feast and Justs, which the King held at London, for love 〈…〉 of the Countess of Salisbury. And, in 16 Edw. 3. amongst others, received commandRot. 〈◊〉 16 E. 3. • . 11. from the King, to provide forty Men at Arms, and sixty Archers, for his service in that expedition then made into Britanny; appointingIbid. him to be at London, on the Octaves of S. Hillary, there to treat and conclude with his Council, touching the Wages for those his Soldiers in that Service.

In 20 Edw. 3. he attended 〈…〉 the King into France, for relieving Agu ••• on, then befieged by the French. And in 21 Edw. 3. obtained License Pat. 21 E 3. p. 3. m 4. to fortifie and embattail these his Mannor Houses, viz. Writtele, Brymshoo, Apechilde, Deepden and Walden, in Essex; Enfield in Middesex; Wocksey, Uphaven and Send, in Wiltshire; and Whitenhurst in Glocestershire.

In 26 Edw. 3. the King apprehending 〈…〉 some danger of an invasion by the French, commanded 〈…〉 him forthwith to repair to some one of his Lodships in Essex, there to give his best assistance for prevention thereof. And upon 〈…〉 the Arraying of Soldiers, the same year for his service, chargedIbid him with sixty Men, for his Honor of Brecknoc in Wales.

In 33 Edw. 3. he again attendedFroissar • , sol. 100 • the King into France. But after that time, I have not found any thing memorable of him; than that he died Esc. 3. E. 3. n. 10 Mon. Anglic Vol. 1 447 b. n. 50 Ibid. Vol. 268 n. • 0. unmarried 15 Octob. An. 1361. (35 Edw. 3.) and was buriedEsc. 3. E. 3. n. 10 Mon. Anglic Vol. 1 447 b. n. 50 Ibid. Vol. 268 n. • 0. in the Church of the Friers-Augustines, in the City of London, which he re-edifiedStows Survey, p. 185 in An. 1354. Whereupon, all his Lands and Honors descendedEsc. 37 E. 3. n. • 0. to Humphrey de Bohun his Nephew, Son of William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton (his Brother.) Which Humphrey was thenceforth Earl of Hereford, Essex, and Northampton, and likewise Constable of England.

But before I proceed to speak of him, I must take leave to say something of William his Father.

¶This William, William. before he arrived to the Title of Earl, wasEarl of 〈…〉 Coll. Vol. 1. 686. one of those great Lords, that prosecuted Roger de Mortimer (who afterwards suffered death, as I shall shew in due place.) And, in the Parliament held at London, 11 Edw. 3. (amongst other eminent persons who were raised to the like Dignity) upon the advancing of Edward the Black Prince, to the Dukedom of Cornwal, was createdCart. 11 E 3. • . 49. Earl of Northampton, March 17. Shortly after which, he had a GrantIbid▪ n. 49. of the Castle, Mannor, and Town of Stanford, with the Lordship of Grantham in Lincolnshire (which Iohn de Warren, Earl of Surrey, held for life:) Likewise of the Castle and Mannor of Fodringhey in Northamptonshire (which Mary, Countess of S. Paul, then also held for life;) and the Castle and Mannor of Okeham in Rutland, with the Sheriffalty of the County of Rutland; to hold to Himself, and the Heirs-males of his Body, under certain conditions in the said Grant expressed: The extent of all which, may be seen in the 〈…〉 Record.

In that year also, he was 〈…〉 joyned in Commission with the Bishop of Lincoln, the Earl of Suffolk, and others, to treat with Philip, King of France, touching the Right of King Edward to that Realm; with power to make Declaration of the same.

And at that time was likewise constituted 〈…〉 one of the Kings Commissioners, to treat of Peace with David de Bruys, King of Scotland.

In 12 Edw. 3. having married 〈…〉 Elizabeth, the third of the Sisters, and Coheirs of Sir Giles de Badlesmere (an eminent Baron) then 〈…〉 Twenty eight years of age, he had an 〈…〉 Assignation of her Purparty of those Lands, which by Inheritance descended to her, upon the death of her said Brother, viz. The Mannor of • onge in Kent; as also divers Lands in Snodhurst and Greenwich, in that County; the Mannors of Lachlegh in Essex; of Hameldon in Rutland; and of Ideshale in Shropshire. In which year he went 〈…〉 with Henry, Earl of Lancaster, and others into Flanders; the King also, being 〈…〉 at that time there with a great Army, in order to his claim of the Crown of France. And was 〈…〉 one of the Marshals in the third Battalia of King Edwards Army, drawn up at Utronfosse against the French. Moreover, in 14 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 in that famous Naval fight before Siuyse in Flanders, betwixt the King of England, and the French. And the same year obtained a GrantCant. 14 E. 3. n. 10 of the Mannors of ••• wood and Reylegh, with the Honor of Reylegh, and Hundred of 〈◊〉 , in Essex, to himself and the Heirs-male of his Body. And beingRo • Alem 14 • 3 m 18. before the end of that year again beyond Sea, hadClaus 14 E. 3. m 29. an Assignation of Four thousand five hundred forty six pounds seventeen shillings six pence half penny farthing, part of a larger sum due to him for his service in the Wars of France. Likewise in regard • laus 15 E • w. 3. p. 2. m. 5. of more Money still owing to him by the King for those his services; for want whereof, he could not pay those debts to his Creditors, which he had contracted, by reason of the Wars; he obtained License • laus 15 E • w. 3. p. 2. m. 5. the next year following, to transport eighty Sacks of his own Wooll into Flanders. And the same year had a farther AssignationClaus. 15 • dw. 3. p 2. m 41. of such Lands as were of the Inheritance of Elizabeth his Wife, viz. Claus. 15 • dw. 3. p 2. m 41. The Mannors of Erithe, Langport, and Rumney, in Kent; Drayton in Sussex; two parts of the Mannor of Finmere in Oxfordshire; a House near Algat • , in the City of London; and the fourth part of the Mannor of Tharsted, in Esse • .

In this year also, he wasFroissard, • . 6 • . one of the great Lords present at that famous Feast and Justing, which King Edward then made for love of the Countess of Salisbury, as it was reported; so likewiseRot Scoc. 15 E • 3 m 2. in the Scotch expedition then made: And had a GrantPat. 15 E 3. p. 2. m. 25. of the Castle and Mannor of Okeham in Rutland, to himself and the Heirsmale of his Body, lawfully begotten, wherein he had only but term of life before.

In 16 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 16 Ed. 3. m. 25. made the Kings Lieutenant, and Captain General in Britanny, with powerRot. Franc. 16 Ed. 3. m. 25. to receive fealty and homage from the people there, on the behalf of King Edward, as King of France. Where he obtained a great victoryLel. Col. Vol. 〈◊〉 . 8 5. near Morlays, and after wonIbid. • . 7. the Town of Roch-Dirien by assault. In this year he hadRot. Franc. 16 Ed 3. m 8. another License to transport two hundred Sacks of Wooll thither, each Sack containing twenty six Stone, and each Stone fourteen pound. And wasThe. Wals. 149. at the making of that famous League betwixt the King of France, and King Edward, wherein the Spaniard, and divers other were included; and by Oath did undertakeThe. Wals. 149. for King Edwards observance thereof.

In 17 Edw. 3. he was one of those who attended Ibid. 150. Henry, Earl of Lancaster, in his expedition into Scotland, for raising the Siege of Loughmabon Castle, then made by the Scots; which being effected, he was constituted Ibid. 150. Governor thereof.

In the same year he wasRot. Franc. 17 Ed. 3. m. 5. again in Britanny, in the Kings service; so alsoRot. Franc. 19 • d. 3. m 7. in 19 & 20Rot. Franc. 20 Ed. 3. p. • . m. 2. Ed. 3. beingFroissard, f 59 b. then with the King to raise the Siege of Aguillon.

In which last mentioned year, King Edward havingTh Wals. 156. n. 40. advertised the Pope, that the King of France had violated the League lately made; and thereupon invadingTh Wals. 156. n. 40. that Kingdom, this Earl attendedTh Wals. 156. n. 40. him; and havingTh Wals. 156. n. 40. passed the River of Se • ne, slewTh Wals. 156. n. 40. Five hundred of those, who opposed his Repair of the Bridges over that stream.

In the same Twentieth of Edward the Third, he wasYpod. N. 119 a. & n. 20. • roissard, f 63 b. in theYpod. N. 119 a. & n. 20. • roissard, f 63 b. second Battalia of King Edwards Army, in that famous Battle of • ressey in France; wherein two Kings, viz. of Bohe ••• and 〈◊〉 , with divers great Dukes and Counts lost their lives; and the King of England obtained a glorious victory: Wherein, as also, both before and after that memorable fight, he approved 〈◊〉 . himself a right valiant and expert Commander.

In 21 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 again in the Kings service beyond Sea. So also 〈…〉 in 22 Edw. 3. And in 〈…〉 consideration, that King Edward did, at his request, grant 〈…〉 to Humphrey de Bohun (his Brother) Earl of Hereford, the Inheritance of the Lordships of Uphaven and Send in Wiltshire, whereof Edward his other Brother had a Grant to himself, and the Heirs male of his Body, but died without issue; he remitted 〈…〉 to the said King Two thousand marks of the Money due to himself, for his service in Britanny.

In 23 Edw. 3. he was again constituted 〈…〉 one of the Kings Commissioners to treat with the Commissioners of the King of France, upon a Truce betwixt King Edward and him.

In 24 Edw. 3. he was made 〈…〉 Warden of the Marches towards Scotland. And in 25 Ed. 3. one of the Commissioners appointed 〈…〉 to treat with the great Men of Scotland, for the inlargement of David Brus, and making a final Peace betwixt England and Scotland.

In 26 Edw. 3. this Earl (together with Iohn de Vere, Earl of Oxford) was 〈…〉 in Commission for Arraying of Soldiers in the Counties of Essex and Hartford, to oppose the French, then threatning an Invasion; and was 〈…〉 himself charged with the providing of thirty Men at Arms with Lances, in respect of his Lordship of Melenith in Wales.

In 27 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into Scotland; and one of the Commissioners who were appointed 〈…〉 to meet with the Nobles of that Realm, to treat with them touching the delivery of David de Bruys (called King of Scots) still prisoner in England. So also in 〈…〉 28 Edw. 3. the said David being yet detained.

In 29 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 also in the Kings service in Scotland. And, the same year, upon King Edwards passing over to 〈◊〉 , attended 〈…〉 him thither; as also thence to 〈…〉 S. 〈◊〉 , expecting the King of Fran • e, in those parts with his Army; but finding him not there, wasted 〈…〉 the Countrey adjacent.

In 30 Edw. 3. he was again constituted 〈…〉 a Commissioner to treat with the Nobility and Commons of Scotland, for the enlargement of David de Brus, still a prisoner; and for a final P • ace betwixt both Kingdoms.

In 32 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 again in Gascoigne; so also in 〈…〉 33 & 〈…〉 34 Edw. 3.

By which instances it plainly appeareth, that he was a person of great action in his time, especially in Military affairs. But with more I have not met, concerning him; than that he, with Elizabeth his Wife, gave 〈…〉 the perpetual Patronage of the Priory of 〈…〉 to the Abbot and Covent of 〈◊〉 , and their Successors; and that, departing 〈…〉 this life upon the sixteenth of September, A • . 1360. • 34 〈◊〉 . 3. he was buri • d 〈…〉 in the said Abbey of 〈◊〉 , on the Northside of the Presbytery; leaving issue by the said 〈◊〉 Daughter 〈…〉 of B • rth 〈◊〉 de B • dlesmere, one of the Coheirs to Giles her Brother, and Widow 〈…〉 to Edmund de 〈◊〉 ) one only Son, viz. 〈…〉 Humphrey, then nineteen years of age; and one Daughter called Elizabeth 〈…〉 , married to Richard, Son and Heir to Edmund, Earl of Arundel.

Of Elizabeth, the Wife of this great Earl, it is memorable; 〈…〉 That in her Husbands life time, and by his leave, she making her Testament, ult. Maii, An. 1356. (30 Edw. 3.) bequeathed her Body to be buried in the Quire of the Friers-Preachers at London; and gave to that Church one hundred marks sterling, as also a Cross made of the Wood of the very Cross of our Saviour, which she usually carried about her, wherein was contained one of the Thorns of his Crown. Moreover, two fair Altar Cloaths of one suit, two of Cloth of Gold, one Chalice, one Missal, one Grail, and one Silver Bell; likewise thirty one Ells of Linnen Cloth for making of Albes, one Pulpitary, one Portfory, and an holy Water-Pot of Silver.

To the Friers-Preachers at Oxford an hundred marks, two whole Vestments, with two whole Copes thereto appertaining, two Cloths of Gold of one suit, and a Chalice.

To the Friers-Preachers of Cambridge fifty pounds; to those of • helmsford twenty pounds, and of 〈◊〉 twenty pounds, and likewise an hundred and fifty marks to be distributed to several other Covents of the same Order of Friers, in such sort as Frcre David de Stirington should think best for her Souls health.

To the Grey-Friers in London, five marks; to the Carmelites five marks, to the Augustines five marks; and to the Church of Rochford, one pair of Vestments, which she used on Holidays in her own Chappel.

The cheifest of her other Legacies being these, viz. To the Earl of Hereford a Tablet of Gold, with the form of a Crucifix thereon; to Humphrey her Son, a Cup of Silver gilt, with two Basins, and one Ewer of Silver; to Elizabeth her Daughter, a Bed of Red Worsted embroidered; to her Sister, the Countess of Oxford, a Black Horse and a Nouch; to her Sister Roos, a Set of B • ads of Gold and Jet, with a Firmaile: And that she lieth buried 〈…〉 in the old Church of the Black- • riers, near Ludgate, in the City of London.

¶Which Humphrey Humphrey. 10 (her son) by the death of his Uncle, viz. Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Esse • , without issue (as hath been observed) succeeded him in those Earldoms; as also in the Office of Constable of England; and by descent from William his Father, was Earl of Northampton; who being not then of full age, was committed 〈…〉 to the Guardianship of Richard, Earl of Arundel. Whereupon he had License 〈…〉 from the King to travel; and the next year after, being of full age, had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands. Shortly after which, viz. in 40 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 the principal person employed in that Embassie unto Galachius, Duke of Milan, to treat with him for a Marriage betwixt Leonel, Duke of Clarence, and Violanta, Daughter of that Duke. And in 43 Edw. 3. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into France; so also in 46 Edw. 3.

But these great Honors were not long by him enjoyed; for he departed 〈…〉 this life the 16 Cal. of February, the same year (46 Edw. 3.) and was buried 〈…〉 at the Fe • t of his Father, on the Northside of the Presbytery, in the Abbey of • alden; leaving issue by Iohn his Wife, DaughterMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 68 b. n. 60. of Richard, Earl of Arundel (his late Guardian) only two Daughters his Heirs, viz. Eleanor Mon. Anglic Vol. 1. 448. n. 20. Pat. 3 R. p. 3 m. 6., who became the WifeMon. anglic Vol. 1. 448. n. 20. Pat. 3 R. p. 3 m. 6. to Thomas of Wodstoke (sixth Son to King Edward the Third) and Mary Mon. Anglic Vol. 1. 448. n. 20. Pat. 3 R 2. P. 3 m. 6. to Henry, Earl of Derby (Son to Iohn of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster) afterwards King of England, by the name of King Henry the Fourth.

Which Iohn, in her Widowhood, wasMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 447. n. 60. a special Benefactoress to the Abbey of Walden, by adorning the Nave of the Church, with divers curious Sculptures in Stone, covering the Roof thereof with Lead, and buildingIbid. 448. n. 20. the Steeple a new.

Besides this, she gave divers costly Vestments thereto, and inriched all the Altar with goodly Ornaments. SheIbid. 448. n. 20. gave likewise to that Abbey, a fair Cross of Gold, whereon were pieced several pieces of that Wood of that Cross whereon our Saviour was crucihed: Moreover, continuing Ibid. a Widow, she spentIbid. a great part of her time there in the Church, exercisingIbid. her self in devout Prayers and Meditations. And departingIbid. this life 7 Id. Apr. An. 1419. (7 Hen. 5.) was buriedIbid. near her Husband in the same Abbey of Walden.

Bohun of Midherst.

THough this Family of Bohun, whose principal Seat was at 〈…〉 Midherst in Su • sex, hath been of no less Antiquity in those parts, than the time of King Henry the First,

(as the Descent here inserted doth shew) yet none of them arrived to the dignity of a Baron, until King Edward the Thirds Reign; but that they were Men of great note before, is evident enough by that ConfirmationPat. 35 E. 3. p 1. m. 30. per Inspex. made to Franco de Bohun, in 1 Rich. 1. of the Lordships of Fordham, Climpling, Rustinton, Presteton, and Lovinton, with all the Liberties thereto belonging, as also of Bohun with its Appurtenances; to hold to him the said Franco and his Heirs, as freely and peaceably as Savaric, the Son of Savaric, Heir of Enilger de Bohun, h • ld the same; and moreover of Midherst and • sburne, with their Appurtenances; and all other the Lands, which Savaric, the Son of Cane, and Ralph his Son; and Savaric, the Son of Savaric, held in Normandy and England, in the times of King Henry the Second, and of King Henry the First. Which Confirmation bears date at Gnorrum (in Normandy) ultimo Martii, in the first year of that Kings Reign.

Moreover, it appeareth, that Savaric de Bohun heldTesta de Nevill. Suss. three Knights Fees, in Fo • d and Midherst, Temp. Hen. 3. and had to WifePat. 25 H 3. m. 11. the Sister of Iohn Fitz-Geffrey (who was Iusticiarius Hiberniae;) and that Franco, Son to the same Savaric, marriedRot. Fin. 3 • H. 3. m. 2. Sibil, one of the Daughters of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, by Sibil his Wife, Daughter to William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke, Sister and CoheirCommunia de T. Pasch. 10 Edw. 2. Rot 9. Suss to Anselme, Earl of Pembroke.

Which Franco had issueEsc. 1. Ed. 1. n. 39. Suss. Iohn, who was Serjeant Claus. 4 Ed. 1. in dorso m 6. of the Kings Chappel, Temp. Edw. 1. and heldClaus. 4 Ed. 1. in dorso m 6. the Office of Spigurnel, (id est, Sealer of Writs) under that King.

And he Iames Esc. 4 Ed. 1. n 45. Suss., who by Ioane Esc. 19 Ed 2. n. • 9. Kanc. his Wife, one of the two Daughters and Coheirs to William de Brewose of Bremore, (a great Baron in Sussex) had issueClaus. 16 Ed. 2. m. 6. Iohn de Bohun: Which Iohn, making proof of his age, and doing his homage in 16 Edw. 2. had then LiveryClaus. 16 Ed. 2. m. 6. of his Lands.

This is he, who for his great ServicesRot Aleman. 14 Edw 3. m. 24. in Flanders, and elswhere beyond Sea, in 14 Edw. 3. (when that King first laid claim to the Crown of France;) as also inRot. F • anc. 19 E • w 3. m 7. that famous expedition into France, in 19 E • w. 3. (shortly after which, the King obtained that glorious Victory at Cressey, whereof our Historians make ample mention) became afterwards one of the Barons of this Realm, being summoned 〈…〉 to • it in Parliament, in 37, 38 & 39 of that Kings Reign; and departed 〈…〉 this life in 41 Edw. 3. then seised 〈…〉 of the Lordships of Weston-Corbet in Hantshire, Cranley in Buckinghamshire, Nitimbre, Midherst, Ford, and Climping in Sussex, Little Badew and Rellenedon in Essex, and Waltham in Com. 〈◊〉 . leaving issue byRot. Fin. • 9. Ed. 3. m. 9. Isabel his first Wife, two Daughters; Ioane Rot. Fin. • 9. Ed. 3. m. 9. (the elder) Wife of Iohn de • lsle of Gat • cumbe, and Eve the younger. And by 〈…〉 C •• ely his second Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir of Iohn Fil • ol of ... in Essex, Iohn 〈…〉 his Son and Heir; who in 7 Rich. 2. coming of full age, and doing his homage had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands.

But I cannot rank this Iohn amongst the Barons, he being never Summoned to Parliament; and therefore shall say no more of his Descendants, than that 〈…〉 Iohn, the Grandson of this last •• ntioned Iohn, left issue two Daughters and Heirs, viz. Mary married to Sir David Owen Knight, and Vrsula to ... Southwel, of ... in Suffolk.

Vere.

THe first mention I find of this Noble and Antient Family, is in the General Survey Dome • d. lib. penès Thes. & Camer. Scacc. Alberi • 1. of England, made by King William the Conqueror; where, it appears, that Alberic de Vere, then held • henesiton (now Kensington) in Com. Middles. Geling and Emingford in Com. Hunt. Likewise nine Lordships in Suffolk, and fourteen in Essex, whereof Colne, Heingheham (id est, Heningham) and Benetley were part; which, till of late, continued to his posterity.

Of this name, viz. Alberic, there was also an Earl in that age; for by that title he is Recorded Ibid. in the same Survey though of what place it appears not: Which Earl possessedIbid. divers fair Lordships in those days, viz. In Warwickshire six, in • eicesrershire fourteen, in Northampronsh • re six, in Oxfordsh •• e two, and in W •• tshire ten; some of which, viz. those in Com. Wilt • s. he likewise heldIbid. in King Edward the Confessors time, which shews that he was an Englishman.

It is saidCatalogue of Nobility • y R. B. by some, that this first mentioned Alberic, was Earl of Ghisnes in France, but for that I see no authority, though he married Hist. Geneal. 〈◊〉 maison 〈◊〉 Ghisnes. p. 12. •• desis 〈◊〉 p. 86, 87 & 99. Beatrix, Neece and Heir to Manasses, Count of • hisnes, viz. DaughterHist. Geneal. 〈◊〉 maison de Ghisnes. p. 12. •• desis 〈◊〉 p. 86, 87 & 99. to Henry, Chastellan of Bourbourg▪ by Sibille de Ghisnes, Daughter of Manasses.

All therefore that I can farther say of the forespecified Alberic de Vere, is, That having by the Conquerors giftRegist. de Ramsey nuper penès v. 〈◊〉 . H. Spel • . equ. aur., the whole Inheritance of a great Man in the Saxons days, called Wulfwine, he did not only possessRegist. de Ramsey nuper penès v. 〈◊〉 . H. Spel • . equ. aur. himself thereof, but tookRegist. de Ramsey nuper penès v. 〈◊〉 . H. Spel • . equ. aur. from the Monks of Ramsey, what the same Wulfwine had, before the Norman Conquest, given to them; and leftRegist. de Ramsey nuper penès v. 〈◊〉 . H. Spel • . equ. aur. it to his own posterity. Moreover, that bearing a great respect to the Monks of Abingdou in Com. Berks. He gave 〈…〉 unto them the Church of S. Andrew, at • olne in Essex, with certain Lands in that Lordship; as also the Churches of Dovercourt, Camps, Bentley, Belcamp, and Colne-Miblanc, with divers Lands and Tithes in Haingham, Laureham, Aldeham, Roinges, and other parts of that County: Whereupon, this place of Colne, being made a Cell 〈…〉 to that great Abbey of Abingdon, he was afterwards shorn 〈…〉 a Monk therein.

This Alberic was called 〈…〉 Albericus Senior, and had issue by the same Beatrix, five Sons, viz. 〈…〉 Alberic, Geffrey, Roger, and Robert, and William. For the health of the Soul of which Geffrey (who died in his life time) he and his Wife Beatrix, gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of Abingdon, the Church of Kensington in Com. Middles. with two Hides, One hundred and twenty Acres, and one yard Land; as also his House in Westminsterstreet, in London: He had likewise a Daughter called Rose, Wife 〈…〉 to Geffrey de Mandevil, the first Earl of Essex of that name.

This last mentioned Alberic, Alberic, 2. called Alberic Iunior, confirmedMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 436. n. 60. all those Grants made by his Father to the Monks of Abingdon, and being in high esteem with King Henry the first, was by him made • x ipso Autog • penès Rob. Comitem de Lindicy ann. 1640. Pat. 1 H. 8. p. 1. m 26. per Inspex Lord Great Chamberlain of all England, to hold the same Office in fee, to himself and his Heirs, with all dignities and liberties thereto belonging, as honorably, as Robert Malet (Lord of the Honor of Eye, in Suffolk) or any other, before or after him, held the same; and with such liveries and lodgings of his Court, as belonged to that Office: beingMon. Angl. Vol. 3. p. 45. a. n. 50. also one of the Kings Justices, tempore Henr. 1.

In 4 Steph. the King having surprizedMatth. Wes • m. in anno 1 • 39. p. 476. divers great persons; and forcedMatth. Wes • m. in anno 1 • 39. p. 476. them to give up those Castles which they then held; amongst which, he compelled Roger Bishop of Salisbury, to deliverMatth. Wes • m. in anno 1 • 39. p. 476. up Shireburne, Devises and Malmesbury; some of the other Bishops were so startled thereat, that they caused a CouncelMatth. Wes • m. in anno 1 • 39. p. 476. to be called at Winchester, upon the fourth Kalends of September; and thereunto summonedMatth. Wes • m. in anno 1 • 39. p. 476. the King: but he, being very busy at that time, sentMatth. Wes • m. in anno 1 • 39. p. 476. this Alberic thither, to seize upon those Bishops.

In 5 Steph. withRot Pip. • steph. Richard Basset (then Justice of England) he executedRot Pip. • steph. the Sheriffs Office for the Counties of Surrey, Cambridge, • untendon, Essex, Hertford, Northampton, Leicester, Norfolk, Suffolk, Buckingham and Bedford: and gaveMon Angl. Vol 1. 24 • . b. n. 10. to the Monks of Thorney (in Com. Cantabr.) certain Lands in Is • ep: but before the end of this year, he wasM. Wes • n 476. • . 10. killed in London; leaving issue by Adeliza his Wife, Daughter 〈◊〉 Coll. per R Gl. S. of Gilbert de Clare, three Sons; viz. Alberic his Son and Heir, ... a Canon 〈◊〉 in S. Osith's, at Chich, in Essex; and Robert. Which Robert, in 12 Hen. 2. upon levying the Ayd for marrying the Kings Daughter, certified 〈◊〉 Rub. in Seacc. sub. 〈◊〉 Norham. that he then held half a Knights Fee.

He also held 〈…〉 the Lordship of Twiwell, in Com Northamp. (of the Monks of Thorney, in Fee-ferme) as his Father did.

This Alberic, had likewise two Daughters, Adeliza, WifeRot. de. Domin • bus. &c. 〈◊〉 Northamp • . Ro • . 3 in dorso. of Henry de Essex, and Iuliana CountessIbid. sub tit Essex. Rot. 8. of ...

Of Adeliza his Wife, it appearsMon. Ang. 183. a. n 30.; that she gave to the Monks of S. Osithes, at Thich, Lands of seven pounds per annum value, lying in Dalham, Tunstall, and Denham, being part of her Frank-Marriage; and which Alberic her Son (Earl of Oxford) confirmedMon. Ang. 183. a. n 30..

Which Alberic Alberi • , 3. (being the third of that name) was made an Earl in King Stephens time, by Maude the Empress, as it seems; for by that name she rendredEx cod. MS. penès Hen Com. Oxon. an. 1621. and grantedEx cod. MS. penès Hen Com. Oxon. an. 1621. to him, all the Lands, which his Father Alberic de Vere held at the time of his death; and likewiseEx cod. MS. penès Hen Com. Oxon. an. 1621. the Office of Great-Chamberlain of England, to hold as fully as Alberic his Father, or as Robert Malet, or any of his Ancestors did; with all usages, and liberties thereunto appertaining. Moreover by the same Charter, she grantedEx cod. MS. penès Hen Com. Oxon. an. 1621. unto him, all the Land of William de Abrincis, with the whole Inheritance, which he claimed in right of his Wife, as fully as William de Arches held the same; together with the Tower and Castle of Colchester, so soon as she could possess him thereof. LikewiseIbid. the Earldom of Cambridgshire; and to have the third penny thereof, as an Earl ought to have; provided, that if the King of Scots, had not that Earldom; or that she could not satisfy him, by Exchange; that then this Alberic should have the choice of any of these four Earldoms; viz. Oxfordshire, Berkshire, Wi • teshire, or Dorsetshire, according to the judgement of her Brother, the Earl of Gloucester, Earl Gefrey, (id est, of Essex) and Earl Gilbert (id est, of Clare) to hold as freely and honorably, as any other Earl held his Earldom. Besides all this, she likewise grantedIbid. to him, and to his Heirs, the service of William de Heliun; viz. ten Knights Fees; and also Diham, which belonged to Robert de Rannis, and was the right of the Nephews of this Earl Alberic; viz. the Sons of Roger de Rannis. AlsoIbid. Turroc, which William Peverell, of Notingham had; with all those Lands which belonged to Solomon the Priest, of Tillebury; and liberty for him and his Tenants, to improve them, and freely to enjoy them from all question for any thing by them done, to the day they took part with her, and the Earl of Anjou, her Husband.

Moreover, she then gaveIbid. to Geffrey de Vere (his Brother) all the Lands of Geffrey Talbot; and in case she could not uphold them to him, then that he should have equivolent satisfaction, in exchange thereof, according to the judgment of Geffrey Earl of Essex, Earl Gilbert, and Earl Alberic his Brother. Which Geffrey was SheriffRot. Pip de 〈◊〉 an. Salop. of Shropshire, in 11 Henr. 2. for three parts of that year, and so till the end Rot. Pip de 〈◊〉 an. Salop. of the sixteenth year of that Kings Reign. And in 12 Henr. 2. upon levying the Ayd for marriage of the Kings Daughter, residing then in Com. Salop. certifiedLib. Rub. in Scacc. 〈◊〉 tit. Salop. his Knights Fees de Veteri Feoffamento, to be in number nine; and and his Fees de Novo Feoffamento, three. What became of his Posterity if he left any, I find not: but in 6. Ric. 1. William de Boterell paid Rot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Salon. nine pounds for the scutage of his Barony.

She likewise gaveCod. MS. penès He • . Comitem Ox • n. ut supra. to Robert de Vere (the other Brother of Earl Alberic) a Barony to the value of that so given to Geffrey; and other Lands of equal worth, to possess within a year after she should enjoy the Realm of England.

And Lastly, bestowedCod. MS. penès, He • . Comitem Ox • n. ut supra. on this Earl Alberic, her Office of Chahcellor, for William de Vere his Brother; to enjoy the same, so soon as it should be rendred up, by William Brother to Iohn Fitz-Gilbert, at that time Chancellor.

All which Henry her Son, (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the second) confirmedIbid. ex Au • ogr. penès Rob. Comitem de Li • ds • y ut supra.; and farther grantedIbid. ex Au • ogr. penès Rob. Comitem de Li • ds • y ut supra. to him, the third penny of the Pleas of Oxfordshire, to the end he might be Earl of that County: So that in 12 Hen. 2. upon levying the before-specified Aid, for marriage of the Kings Daughter, this Earl Alberic certifiedLib. Rub. a Scacc. Essex. his Knights Fees to be in number twenty eight, a fourth and eighth part: and in 14 Henr. 2. paidRot. Pip. 14 H. 2. Essex. twenty pounds towards that Ayde, by reason of those Knights-Fees.

After this, viz. in 2 R. 1. he gaveRot. Pip. 2 R. 1. Essex. a fine to the King of five hundred Marks for the Sister of Walter de Bolebec, to make a Wife for his Son. And in 6 R. 1 upon collecting the Ayd, for the Kings redemption, paid 〈…〉 thirty pounds, two shillings and six pence, for the Knights Fees he then held.

This Earl Alberic founded 〈…〉 a Monastry for Nunns at Ikelington, in the Dioces of Ely; also 〈…〉 the Priory of Heningham, in Essex; Lu • iz his Wife being the first Prioress there: And likewise the Priory 〈…〉 of Hatfeild-Broad-Oa • e, in Com. Essex. Moreover he gave 〈…〉 to the Nuns of S. Cross, Henghan, a certain Wood called Alcotehegh; and departed 〈…〉 this life in anno 1194 (6 R. 1.) leaving issue Alberic; of whose mother it is said 〈…〉 , that being great with Child; and taking some apprehension at a hurt, which befell the Earl her Husband, in his Eye; she brought forth a Son with a blemish in his Eye.

In 6 Ri • . 1. this Alberic (his Father then living) was 〈…〉 with the King in 〈◊〉 : and shortly after the death of his Father (viz. in 7 R. 1.) gave 〈…〉 an hundred pounds for his Releif; as also 〈…〉 five hundred marks, upon Collecting the Ayd for the Kings redemption. Moreover in 8 R. 1. he paid 〈…〉 thirty pounds, two shillings and six pence, upon collection of the third Scutage of 〈◊〉 And in 6 Ioh. gave 〈…〉 two hundred marks for the tertium Den • rium of Oxfordsh •• e; to the end he might be Earl of that County.

In 10 Ioh. this Earl was Sheriff 〈…〉 of Essex, and Hartfordshire, for the one half of that year; and so continued 〈…〉 till the fifteenth of King Iohns Reign inclusive. And in 14 Ioh. was 〈…〉 one of the Nobles, then reputed evil Councellors to that King: but in 16 Ioh. he died 〈…〉 without issue, and was buried at Colne; whereupon Robert de Vere, his Brother, and Heir, gave 〈…〉 a thousand marks to the King, for livery 〈…〉 of the Lands of his inheritance, with the Castle of Heningham, and Camenent; together with the Wardship of the Heir of William Fitz-Oates, to marry to his Neice.

This Earl Robert in 17 Ioh. beingClaus 17 Ioh. in dorso. m. 21. one of the cheif of those Barons, who took Armes against the King, was partyClaus. 17 Ioh. in dorso. m. 21. to the Covenants, at that time made, betwixt the King and them; whereby they were to have the City and Tower of London, delivered up into their hands. And stood up so stoutly with those great Rebells, that he was in the number of them, whom Pope Innocent the third ExcommunicatedM •• . Paris, p. 254. for so doing.

But, upon the death of King 〈◊〉 there being a peaceable composure, betwixt King Henry the third and those losty-spirited men; this Earl Robert was received into favor: for in 4 Hen. 3. he beeame one of the Judges in the Kings Court of Justice, as appears by a Fine 〈…〉 then levied before him and others: So Likewise 〈…〉 in 5 H. 3. And, having married 〈…〉 Isabel the Daughter of Hugh, but Sister and Heir to Walter de Boleb • c; by whom he had issue Hugh, his Son and Heir; departed 〈…〉 this life in 5 H. 3. and was buried 〈…〉 in the Priory of Hacfeildbroad-O • ke, leaving Isabel his Wife surviving; who in 6 Hen. 3. gave a Fine 〈…〉 to the King, of two thousand two hundred twenty eight Pounds, two Shillings, nine Pence Half-peny, for the Wardship of her Son and heir; which Fine was 〈…〉 over and above a debt of One thousand, seven hundred and eighty Pounds, eleven Shillings, owing by Earl Robert her Husband: and after married 〈…〉 to Henry de N • vant, but died upon the Morrow after the Pu • ification of our Lady, in 29 H • n. 3.

I now come to Hugh, Hugh. Son and Heir to the said Earl Robert.

This Hugh in 15 Hen. 3. performing his Homage, had LiveryClaus 15 H. 3. m 1 of all the Lands of Earl Robert his Father: and in ann. 1233. (17 H. 3.) was solemnly KnightedMS in 〈…〉 K 84. [Cant] f. 50. a. at 〈◊〉 , the King then solemnizing the Feast of Pentecost there.

Moreover, in 21 Hen. 3. the King issued out his PreceptPat. 21 H. 3. m 5. to the Lord Treasurer, and Chamberlains of his Exchequer, to pay unto him twenty marks yearly, at Easter, and Mi • haelmass▪ by even portions, for the third peny of the County of Oxford, in the name of Earl of that County.

In 29 Hen. 3. uponRot. Fin. 20 Hen 3. m. 13. the death of Isab • l de Bolebec, his Mother: givingRot. Fin. 20. Hen 3. m. 13. security for payment of his Relief; viz. an hundred pound, and doing his Homage, he had LiveryRot. Fin. 20. Hen 3. m. 13. of the Lands of her Inheritance. And in 30 Henr. 3. wasMat. Paris, 7 • 0 a. n. 60. one of the Barons, who • ubseribed that Letter sent to the Pope, whereby they complained of his exactions upon this Realm. In 32 Hen. 3. he was 〈…〉 also in that Parliament then held, wherein the King was upbraided by the Lords with his licentious expences; and that his Treasurer and Chancelour, were not persons of their approbation.

In 33 Hen. 3. he paid 〈…〉 a thousand Marks to the King, for the Wardship and Marriage of Alice the heir of Gilbert de Sa •• ford; whom, soon after that he marriedLel Coll. Vol 2 p 375. to Rob • rt his Son. And for the health of the Souls of himself, his Wife, Children, and Ancestors, foundedMon. Angl. Vol. • . 1021. n 60 the Hospital at Castle Hen • ngham, in Essex. He also bestowedMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 545. n. 60. upon the Knights Templars, his Lands in Radenache, in Com. Buck. with the Church there.

He married 〈…〉 Hawise the Daughter of Margaret Countess of Winton; and departing 〈…〉 this life in ann. 1263. (47 Hen, 3.) was buried 〈…〉 at Colne, leaving Robert his Son, twenty three years of age; and being then seized 〈…〉 of the Mannor of • ensinton, in Com. Midd. the Mannors of • estreton, and Whitchurch, in Com. Buck. the mannor of 〈◊〉 , in Com. Cantabr (whereunto the Park belonging, was four miles in Compass) which Mannor appertained to the Barony, for which he was the Kings Chamberlain; and also the Mannor of A •• ton, in that County, appertaining likewise to that Barony. Moreover of the Mannors of • okef • ud and Preston, in Com. Suff. Also of • engham Castle, in Com. Essex. and Advowson of the Priory there; with the Hamlet of 〈◊〉 , and mannors of Hengham, • avetiles, Benetby, and Colun, held likewise of the King in Capite, by the service of Chamberlain, together with the Advowson of the Priory of Colun.

Which Robert, Robert, • . being 〈…〉 (shortly after) viz. in 49 H. 3. one of the Barons in Arms against the King; and made Knight 〈…〉 in the field by Montford Earl of Leicester (the cheif of them) was, amongst others, surprized 〈…〉 at Ken • lworth, a little before that Battle of Evesham, which proved so satal to those insolent Rebells. But afterwards, making his peace, according to the tenor of that Decree, called Di ••• um de Kenilworth, he was by King Edward the first, in the fourteenth year of his Reign, inployed 〈…〉 in those Warrs against the Welch. And in 18 Edw. 1. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 18 E. 1. n. 18. for a Fair, once every year, at his Mannor of Lanham, in Com. Suff. upon the Munday, Tuesday, and Wednesday in Easter week.

As to his works of Piety, it appears; that, for the health of his Soul, he gaveMon. Angl. Vol. • 507. a. to the Knights Hospitalars, all his Royalty and services of two Knights Fees in Ashley, and Silverley, which Geffrey Arsick had wont to perform unto them: and in 16 Edw. 1. an hundred and forty five Acres of Land, and Meadow, in Bilchaungre, and Cakeiegh, in Com. Essex. to Ibid. 〈…〉 17 E. 1 n. • 5. Essex. the Canons of Tremeuhale, for the health of the Soul of Gilbert his Son.

This Earl Robert had a Daughter called Io • ne, marriedClaus. 22 F • m 5. to William de Warren, with whom he gaveIbid m. 13 the Mannors of Midingham, Tyburne, P • tewelle, Wlfhamstone, Nechamstede, and Gynges, with Lands in Cestresham, of ten pounds per annum: and died 〈…〉 in 24 Edw. 1. leaving issue by Alice his Wife Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir to Gilbert Lord Samford Chamberlain to Queen Elianore, Robert his Son and Heir, then 〈…〉 of full age; as also 〈…〉 Hugh, and Thomas his younger Sons; Alfonsus his fourth Son dying 〈…〉 in his life time. Which Hugh, in 21 Edw. 1. being 〈…〉 then in the War • s of France, was constituted Governor 〈…〉 of St. Cyverine, having two hundred Horse and many Foot in that Garison. And the next ensuing year, wasTh. Wals. p. 24. n. 40. there also with Edmund Earl of Lancaster (the Kings Brother) and Blan • h his Wife Queen of Navar • (Mother to the Queen of France) and the Duke of Burgundy, at the Ratification of the Peace, made betwixt both Realms, through the mediation of those Queens.

Moreover, in 25 Edw. 1. he was sent 〈…〉 with the Bishop of Winchester, and Ely, Wil • iam de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, and others, to treat of Peace betwixt the Kings of England, and France; and continued 〈…〉 in Gascome, in the Kings service for a great part of that year. And, 〈…〉 for his good service in those parts, had a special 〈…〉 Livery of the Lands of William the Son of Warine de Montchens • , whose Daughter and Heir called Di • nysia, he had married, though she was not then of full age.

In 26 Edw. 1. this Hugh was sent 〈…〉 by the King to the Court of Rome, upon some important business: and in 27 Edw. 1. obtained a Charter 〈…〉 for Free-Warren in all his Demesne-Lands, within his Lordships of Ha • wode, in Com. Norf. as also of Hasingbroke, and Phanges, in Com. Essex.

In 29 Edw. 1. he was imployed 〈…〉 with Iohn Earl Warren, and others to treat with certain Embassadors of the King of France, touching Peace with the Scots. And in 32 Edw. 1. being returned into England, did his FealtyRot Fin. 32 E. 1. m. 2. to the King for those Lands, which were of the Inheritance of Dionysia his Wife, whereof he had formerly livery.

In 34 Edward. 1. he was imployedRot. Scoc. 34 E 1. m. 3. in the Scottish Warrs. But by this Dionysia, it seems, he had no issue: for,Esc. 7 E. 2. n. 5 • . Essex. upon her death, in 7 E. 2. Adomare de Valence, Son of the Lady Ioane de Valence, was foundEsc. 7 E. 2. n. 5 • . Essex. to be her next Heir; she then dying seizedEsc. 7 E. 2. n. 5 • . Essex. of the Mannors of East-Hanyngfeld, West-Hanyngfeld, Stanford, and Fenge, with the Advowsons of those Churches; as also of the Mannors of Rodeswell, Great-Fordham, and Thuritone, with the Advowson of the Church of Thuritone, all in Com. Essex.

Of Thomas the younger Brother to this Hugh, it appearsRot. Scoc. 32 E. 1. m. 7., that in 32 Edw. 1. he was in the Warrs of Scotland. And, that in 34 Ed. 1. having receivedComp. Joh. de Drokenes. ford, Custodis magnae Garderobae pen • s Remem. R. in Scacc. the Order of Knighthood, with Prince Edward, by Bathing, and divers other sacred ceremonies, he attendedRot. Scoc. 34 Edw. 1. m. 9. him into Scotland. Moreover, that afterwards; scilicet, in 12 Ed. 2. heRot. Scoc. 12 Edw. 2. m. 13. was again in Scotland. And that he marriedClaus. 8 • dw. 2. m. 4. Agnes the Widow of Pain Tiptoft.

And of Alice the Widow of the last Earl Robert I find; that she had for her Dowry, an assignationClaus. 24 E. 1. m. 2. of the Mannors of Aldham, Lavenham, and Cokefeld, in Com. Suff. Castle-Canefeld, and Bumsted, in Com. Essex. and Abyton-magna, in Com. Cantabr.

I now come to Robert, Son and Successor to the last Earl Robert. Adhuc Robert, 3.

In 24 Edward. 1. this Robert doingClaus. 24 Ed. 1. m. 2. in cedula. his Homage, had liveryClaus. 24 Ed. 1. m. 2. in cedula. of his Lands: And in 26 E. 1. wasRot. Scoc. 26 Edw. 1. m. 9. in that expedition then made into Scotland. So likewiseRot. Scoc. 27 Edw. 1. m. 16. in 27 Edw. 1. And in 3 Edw. 3. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 3 E 3. n. 8. for a Court-Leet, at his Mannor of Thesham, in Com. Buck. with all those profits, and advantages, which the Sheriff of that County, had wont to enjoy there; paying yearly five Marks to the King into his Exchequer. As also another Ibid. n. 3 • . Charter for his Tenants of Lavenham, in Comitat. Suff. to be Toll-free throughout all England.

This Earl Robert diedEsc. 5 E. 3. n. 71. L • i • . in 5 Edw. 3. leaving no issue by Margaret his Wife, DaughterCatal. of Nob. by R. • . of Roger Mortimer Earl of March; whereupon Iohn, Iohn, 1. his Nephew thenEsc. ut supra. eighteen years of age, (being SonCatal of Nob. by R. • . of Alfonsus, his younger Brother) became his Heir. Which Iohn was Rot. Scoc. 8 E. 3. m 9. in that expedition made into Scotland, in 8 Edw. 3. So likewise inRot. Sc • c. 9 E. 3. m 27. 9 andRot. Scoc. 10 Edw. 3. m. 27. 10 Edw. 3. and in 14 Edward. 3. attendedRot. Alem. 14 Edw. 3. m. 25. the King into Flanders. In which year he obtained the Kings CharterCart. 14 E. 3. n. 5. for a Market upon the Wednesday every week, at his Mannor of Levenhales, in Com. Heref. for himself and Maude his Wife, and her Heirs: As also a Fa • r yearly upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel, and for five days following. And in 15 Edw. 3. wasFroissard. f. 45. a. & 46. a. at that great Feast, and Justing in London, which King Edward the third caused to be made, as it was said, for the love of the Countess of Salisbury. Moreover, the same year, he had an assignation Claus. 15 Ed. 3 p. 1. m. 31. out of the Subsidy, then levied, of three hundred pounds, in part of a greater summe, due to him, for his services in the Kings Warrs beyond-Sea. And in 16 Edw. 3. was Rot. Franc. 16 Edw. 3. m. 19. again in the Warrs of France; in which service he hadClaus▪ 6 Ed. 3. p. • . m. 32. forty Men at Arms, (himself accounted) one Banneret, nine Knights, twenty nine Esquires, and thirty Archers on Horsback, with an allowanceClaus▪ 6 Ed. 3. p. • . m. 32. of fifty six Sacks of Wooll, for the Wages of himself and his retinue.

In 17 Edward. 3. he accompaniedTh Wal • . in eodem 〈◊〉 p. 150. Henry de Lancaster Earl of Derby; and divers other great Lords into Scotland, for raising the Seige of Loughmaban Castle. And in 18 Edw. 3. being appointed 〈…〉 by the King to go with the Earl of Derby, into Gascoine, he was 〈…〉 at the taking of Bergerath. After which, passing Ibid. 52. • . to assail the Castle of Pellegrue; being takenIbid. 52. • . in his Tent by night, he was soon enlarged, inIbid. 52. • . exchange for the Viscount of Bonquentyne, and some others. Whereupon he marchedIbid. 53. a. b. with the Earl of Derby, to Auberoche, then beseiged by the French; and releived Ibid. 53. a. b. it. But, about the Feast of the Blessed Virgin, returning 〈…〉 out of Britanny, was by tempest cast 〈…〉 upon the Coast of Connacht, in Ireland, where he and all his company suffered much misery, from those barbarous people there who pillaged 〈…〉 them of all they had.

In 19 Edw. 3. he was again 〈…〉 in France, being then reteined 〈…〉 by Indenture to serve the King with eighty Men at Arms (whereof himself to be one) three Bannerets, twenty seven Knights, the rest Esquires, and eighty Archers on Horseback. And in 20 E. 3. attended 〈…〉 the K. into France, to the releif of Aguilon. Thence sent • el. Co • l. Vol. 1. 806. to the aid of Iohn de Montfort, who laid claim to the Dukedom of Britanny. And in 21 Edw. 3. was againRot. Franc. 21 E. 3. p. 1. m. 3. in the French Warrs.

In 26 Edw. 3. upon some dangerRo • . Fran. 26 Edw. 3. m. 5. of Invasion by the French, he was joynedRo • . Fran. 26 Edw. 3. m. 5. in Commission with William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton, for arraying and arming of Men, in the Counties of Essex, and Hartford, in order to the defence of the Sea-coasts: and in 29 E. 3. attendedRot. Vascon. 29 E 3. m. 2. the K. into Gascoine. Where continuingTh. Wals. p. 162. n. 30. till 30 Ed. 3. he then wasTh. Wals. p. 162. n. 30. with Prince Edward in the Battle of Poytiers, and had 〈◊〉 , f 105. b. forty Spears under his command. After all which; viz. in 33 E. 3. on Friday the Feast of All-Saints, he made his Testament 〈◊〉 . 159. b. at Bentle • , in Essex, and thereby bequeathing his Body to be buryed in the Chapel of Our Lady, within the Priory of Colne, on the South side of the Quire; at the Head of Iohn, and Robert his Sons (who dying in his lifetime, were there Interred) appointed, that four hundred Marks Sterling, left by his Ancestors, in Aid of the Holy-Land, should be paid by his Executors, with all convenient speed. Moreover towards the building of that Church at Co • ne, he gave an hundred Marks; and for reedifying the Chapel, called the New • Abby, in Castle-Hengham, an hundred Marks; to the end, that Masses should be there celebrated, as heretofore by one or two Priests. Likewise to Maude his Wife, all the utensils of his House; as well Silver as other: and to Maude his Daughter, for her Marriage, a thousand Marks: and thereupon went 〈…〉 over into France, (the King himself being 〈…〉 gone thither before:) but departed 〈…〉 this life upon the 24th of Ianuary the same year, being then seized 〈…〉 of the Castle at Leonhals, in Com. Heref. Langle, and Bradele, in Comit. Bedf. of the Mannors of Wykingston. in Comit. Leicest. Great-Bentley, Fratynge, Great-Kemfeld, and Fingre, in Com. Essex. as also of the Mannors of Colne, the Castle and Mannor of Hengham, the Mannors of Hengham, Sihill, Gelham, Le-Ua •• , in Beauchamp-Otes, Dodinghurst, and Stansted-Montfichet, in the same County; and Whitchu • ch, in Comit. Buck. Moreover, of the Inheritance of Maude, his Wife, he died seized of the Mannors of Marketes-Overton, in Com. Rotel. Welles, in Com. Hertf. Laghton, with the Hundred of Scheplake, in Com. Suss. • alton, and Milton, in Com. Northamp. And for term of the life of Maude his Wife, of the Mannors of Wroxhale, and Worth, in Com. Dorset. Also joyntly with her, by the endowment of Robert, Son of Robert Fitz-Payn, her first Husband, the Mannors of Stoctone, Pole, and Hurdecote, in Comit. Wilts. And likewise joyntly with her, of the Mannors of Abyton, and Caupes, in Com. Cantabr. Flete, Rydelyngwold, Bokynfeld, Badlesmere, and Whitstable, in Com. Kanc. Kensyngton, in Com. Midd. Great-Hormede, in Com. Hertf. of the Mannors of Lavenham, called Over-Hale, and Nether-Hale, Aldham, and Cokeseld, in Com. Suff. and Brumstede, in Comit. Essex. leaving issueEsc. 34. E. • . n 84. by her the said Maude, who wasClaus 〈…〉 . one of the Sisters and Coheirs to Giles de Badlesmere, (a great Baron in 〈◊〉 ) and WidowEsc. 40 E. 3. n. 40. of Robert the Son of Robert Fitz-Pain, Sir Thomas de Vere, Knight, his Son and Heir, Esc. 34 E. 3. n. 84. at that time twenty three years of age: as also Catal. of Nob. by R. • . Aubrey, another Son; and two Daughters; viz. Catal. of Nob. by R. • . Margaret, married to Henry Lord Beaumont, and after to Sir Iohn Devereux, Knight; and Isabel first married to Sir Iohn Courtney, (Grandfather to Hugh the fifth Earl of Devon, of that Family) and after to Sir Oliver Dinham, Knight.

Which Maude (their Mother then surviving) hadRot. Fin. 12 E. 3. m 8. for her purparty of the Inheritance descended to her, by the death of the said Giles de Badlesmere, the Mannors of Badle • mere, and Bokynfeild, in Com. Kanc. with fifty Acres of Wood, to the said Mannor of Bokynfeild, belonging; also the MannorsClaus. 15 Edw. 3. p. 2. m. 41. of Ryglyngweld, in Comitat. Kanc. Laghto, (excepting Waldern-Wood) and West-Dene, in Com. Suss. Welles, in Comit. Hertf. and the fourth part of the Mannor of Chaxsted, in Comitat. Essex. and diedEsc. 〈…〉 38. Essex. the next ensuing year.

But I return to Thomas. Thomas.

This Earl Thomas, in 34 Ed. 3. beingRot Fin. 34 Edw. 3. m. 4. in the Kings service beyond-Sea, had LiveryRot Fin. 34 Edw. 3. m. 4. of his Lands, his Homage being then respitedRot Fin. 34 Edw. 3. m. 4.: but in 40 Edw. 3. he personally performedRot. Fin. 40 E 3 m 7. it.

In 43 Ed. 3. this Thomas wasRot Franc. 43 E. 3. m. 4. in the Warrs of France.

And having in his Fathers lifetime marriedEsc. 3 • E. 3. n. 84. Leic. Maud the Daughter of Ralph de Vfford (at which time he hadEsc. 3 • E. 3. n. 84. Leic. the Mannor of Chesham, in Com. Buck. setled upon him and her; and the Heirs Males of their two Bodies) by his Testament, 〈…〉 bearing date at Bentley, upon Friday the first of August, ann. 1371. (45 Edward. 3.) bequeathed his Body to be buried within the Priory of Colne, on the North side, in the Chapell of S. Peter; appointing for the charge of his Funeral, an hundred and thirty three pounds, six shillings, and eight pence. And to her the said Maude, gave all his Reliques, then in his proper custody, with a certain Cross made of the very wood of Christs-Cross; as also all the furniture of his Chapel. To Robert his Son he gave two Basons of Silver; and to Sir Alberic de Vere, his Brother, a Coat of Male, which Sir William de Wingfeld bestowed on him; likewise a new Helmet, and a pair of Gauntlets: Of which Testament he constituted the famous Iohn de Hawkwood, one of his Executors; and departed 〈…〉 this life the same year, being then seized 〈…〉 of the Mannors of Bumsted-Helium, Bumsted ad Turrim, Fingrithe, Bentley, Ramesey, Wrabenesse, Castle-Heng •• n, Ge • ham-parva, Hengham-Sibille, Bour • hale, Sranst • ede-Montfichet, Canefeld-magna, Dodingherst, Dounham, with the Marsh called Tympanesse, within the Township of Bures Gilfard, in Comit. Essex. Likewise of the Mannors of Great-Hormede, 〈◊〉 , called Gorehams, Westwyke Hamlet, in the Town of • ingesley, and Mannor of 〈◊〉 , within the Town of Offeley, in Com. Hertf. of the Mannor of Leonhals, in Com. Heref. Ab • ton-magna, in Com. Cantabr. Chesham, with the Leet, (parcel of the Barony of Bulbe • k) in Com. Buck. Bradele, in Com. Berks. • ensyngton, in Comit. Midd. Laughton, in Com. Suss. with the hundred of Shiplake; of the Mannors of Lavenham, called Over-Hal • , and Nether-Hall, Aldeam, and Cokefeld, in Com. Suff. Paston, in Comitat. Northamp. and Market-Overton, in Comitat. Rotel. leaving Robert his SonIbid. and Heir, and Maude his Wife then surviving; who had for her Dowry and assignation 〈…〉 of the Mannors of Over-Hall, in Lavenham, and Aldham, with certain Tenements called Holland, in Com. Suff. the Mannors of Great-Hormede, in Com. Hertf. Earles-Colne, and Bentley, in Com. Essex. Abyton, in Comit. Cantabr. Rydlyngwold, with certain Tenements in Cherleton, and the fourth part of two parts, of the Mannor of Kingston, in Com. Kanc.

Of which Alberic (his Brother) I find, that in 51 Edward. 3. he was joyned in Commission Rot. • ranc. 51 E. 3. m. 3. with the Bishop of St. Davids, (then Lord Chancelour) and others to treat of Peace with Charles King of France; and in 4 R. 2. con •• itutedRot. Franc. 4 R. 2. m. • . one of the Embassadors sent to make a League with Wenceslaus King of the Romans, and Bohemia, and the King of England. Moreover, that in 8 R. 2. he was reteined 〈…〉 to serve the King, in his Warrs of Scotland for forty days.

But I return to Robert, 〈…〉 Son and Heir to the last Earl Thomas.

This Robert making proof 〈…〉 of his age in 6 R. 2. and then doing his Homage, had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands: whose marriage (he being 〈…〉 in his minority at his Fathers death) was thereupon granted 〈…〉 by King Edward the third, to I • gelram, then Earl of 〈◊〉 , to the intent 〈…〉 he might take to Wife the Lady Philippa, Daughter of that Earl. Which being accordingly effected 〈…〉 , King Richard the second, in the second year of his Reigne (this Robert being 〈…〉 still in Ward) granted 〈…〉 unto William, then Bishop of London, and Roger de Beauchamp, an hundred pound per annum, for his better support, untill he should arrive at full age: as he did shortly after; viz. in 6 R. 2. but wanting 〈…〉 Lands of sufficient worth to maintain her the said Philippa, then his Wife, he obtained from the King, in consideration 〈…〉 of his good service, done and to be done; that during her life, they should enjoy 〈…〉 all those Lands, which were bestowed by King Edward the third in remainder after the death of Ioane the Wife of Iohn de Coupland, upon them the said Ingelram and Isabel, and the Heirs of their two Bodies. Moreover, in 8 R. 2. he procured from the King a grant 〈…〉 of • uensborough Castle, in Kent, to •• ld for terme of the Kings life, and his own; and in • ase he should be the surviver, then to himself and the heirs male of his body for ever: and the same year was reteinedE. Autogr. pen • s 〈◊〉 pell to serve the King in his Scottish Warrs for forty daies.

Besides all this in 9 R. 2. the K. having reteined Pat. 9 〈…〉 m 6. him, into his imployment; did, in consideration Pat. 9 〈…〉 m 6. of the great Costs and expences he was at in his service, givePat. 9 〈…〉 m 6. him the Castle and Lordship of Okeham in Rutland, with all the Forest of Rutland, to hold for terme of his life, and then to the Heirs Male of his Body: And purposingPat. 〈…〉 to exalt him to much higher dignity; viz. toPat. 〈…〉 confer on him the title of Marquess of Dublin; that he mightPat. 〈…〉 the better support that Honor assignedPat. 〈…〉 unto him, in reversion, after the death of Iames de Audeleigh, the Castle, Mannor, and Burrough of Barnestaple; the Mannors of Fremington, Ilferecombe, Combe-Martyn, South-Molton, Holdesworthy, Nemet-Bowe. Uppeye, Body-Tracy, Holne, Dertyngton, Kyngeston, Blackdon, and Lang-a • re, with all other the Lands of the said Iames de Audeleigh, lying in the Counties of Devon, Cornwall, and Somerse • , which after the death of him the said Iames, were to descend to the King.

And, upon 〈…〉 this his creation of Marquess,Marque • s of Dubl ••• which was 〈…〉 done in Parliament, the same year granted 〈…〉 him the Land and Dominion of Ireland, with all profits, &c. as amply as the King himself ought to have the same; excepting to the King the Homages, Resort, and Superiority of that Countrey.

Which title of Marquess had neverTh. 〈◊〉 348. n. 〈◊〉 till then been heard of in En • land; and therefore was much distastedTh. 〈◊〉 348. n. 〈◊〉 by others of the Nobility; in regard that thereby he was set higher than themselves, notTh. 〈◊〉 348. n. 〈◊〉 being superior to them in Wisdom, or Valor (as my Author saith.) And moreover, bestowedPat 9 〈◊〉 p. 2. m. 〈◊〉 upon him all the benefit and advantage, which might be had, by Iohn the Son of Charles de Bloys, then PrisonerIbid. m. 2 • . in Gloucester Castle, to the intent he might be the better enabled to maintain five hundred men at Arms▪ and a thousand Archers, at the accustomed Wages of Warr, by the space of two years after he should arrive in Ireland (which he intended about Candlemass the same year) in order to the Conquest of that Realm.

And in another Parliament held at London, about Michaelmas after; esteeming that Honor, so lately conferred upon this his cheif favorite, too low for his merits, advanced 〈…〉 him to the title of Duke of Ireland, upon the Feast day of S. Edward the Confessor. and having so done, ordained 〈…〉 , that the Heir of Charles de Bloys, who challenged the Dukedom of Britanny, (and whose ransom he had obtained) should sell it to the French for thirty thousand Marks; to the intent, that this new Duke, with that money, might by force get the Dominion of Ireland, which the King had so given him; and Land there, before Easter ensuing. Whereunto the Lords and Commons readily assented 〈…〉 , being rather content 〈…〉 to want the money there, than be troubled any longer with his Company.

Soon after which, the King gave 〈…〉 him liberty to re • ide at Berhamstede-Castle (one of his own Royal Palaces) affording him fuel to burn, out of his Woods and Park there.

Being therefore thus pufft up with Wealth, and Honor he grew libidinous 〈…〉 and insolent; and put 〈…〉 away the fair Lady Isabel his Wife (kinswoman to the King) with purpose to take another of mean extraction, who came out of Bohem • a, with Queen Anne; which gave great distast to the Nobility (though the King favored him in every thing;) especially 〈…〉 to the Duke of Gloucester; (the Kings Uncle) who though he could not at present vindicate his neice so repudiated, reserved 〈…〉 himself for an opportune time to do it. But soon after this, Easter being passed 〈…〉 , and the expectation of his going for Ireland, still 〈…〉 continuing; the King to prevent any tumult by the Nobles, accompanied 〈…〉 him into Wales; where continuing retired for a while; they 〈…〉 laid their heads together, how they might murther the Duke of Gloucester, and likewise the Earles of Arundell, Warw •• k. Derby and Nottingham. And having staid in those remote parts till 〈…〉 the people had forgotten this so much talked of voiage into Ireland, returned 〈…〉 with the King to Notingham Castle; there to 〈…〉 consider farther, how they might best act the designed murther of those great men before mentioned.

The Nobles therefore, discerning 〈…〉 what was like to befall them; raised all the power they could, and met 〈…〉 together at Haringhay Park (near Higate, in Com. Midd. ) in an hostile manner; which so startled the King, and those then about him, who were the cause of those high discontents; that all of them then began to desire 〈…〉 an accommodation; and to that end sent 〈…〉 to the Lords so met at Haringhay, to come to Westminster; that there, upon a calme debate together, the business might be quietly composed. Who meeting 〈…〉 there accordingly, after a short speech, made to them by the Bishop of Ely (then Lord Chancellor) in the closure whereof he told 〈…〉 them, that the King desired to know the Cause of this their Insurrection; they answered 〈…〉 , that it was for his advantage; viz. to rid him of those Traitors which he then had about him: amongst whom, the first they nominated 〈…〉 , was this Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland.

But the King giving 〈…〉 them fair words, and taking them into his Chamber, where he made them drink 〈…〉 together, told them, they should all meet together in Parliament, and equal justice should be done to each.

Matters at present being therefore thus qualified 〈…〉 ; the Duke of Ireland, by the Kings connivance 〈…〉 , hasts forthwith into Wales, there to raise what power he could: but discerning 〈…〉 his danger, privily got 〈…〉 away, being disguised 〈…〉 , (as it was reported) in the habit of a Servant, with a Bow and a Quiver of Arrows on his Back; and so with five others in his company, alike accoutered, came to Chester: and soon after that, fled 〈…〉 beyond-Sea, with Michael de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk.

But long it was not e're he landed in England again with 〈…〉 about four or five thousand men; and being got into O • fordshire, came 〈…〉 to Radcote Bridge upon the River Isis, on the Feast day of S. Thomas the Apostle; which Bridge Henry Earl of Derby had broken 〈…〉 in three places; and fixed Souldiers there, to stop his farther passage. The Duke therefore seeing himself in this desperate condition, and that 〈…〉 the E. of Derby with his power, was not far distant, displaid 〈…〉 the Kings Banner, and animated his men to fight; advancing 〈…〉 before them to the Bridge: which being not passable, he allighted Ibid & n. 40. from his Horse. and mountedIbid & n. 40. another; purposing to avoid his Enemies by swiming the River: but, being invironed by the Duke of Gloucester, on the one side, and the Earle of Derby on the other side; he threw 〈…〉 away his Sword, Gantlets, and Armor, and leaping into the River, escaped 〈…〉 them.

In their pursuit of him, it is saidT. Wals. 363. n. 10., that his Charriot was taken; and in it the Kings Letters, appointing him to hast to London, with what strength he had; expressing, that he would there be ready to live and dye with him. The Lords therefore being thus powerfull, caused 〈…〉 the King of summon a Parliament at Westminster. Which being done; and this Duke (amongst others) calledIbid. 27 • 4. &c., to make answer to certain Articles of High Treason, then and there exhibited, against him, by the Duke of Gloucester, and others; notIbid. 27 • 4. &c. appearing, he was forthwith banishedIbid. 2726. n. 30.; and all his possessions confiscated Ibid. 2726. n. 30., exceptingIbid. 2726. n. 30. his entailed Lands; which only were to remain to his right Heirs.

Upon this Banishment, being likewise attaintedIbid. 2727. n. 30. & 40., OutlawedIbid. 2727. n. 30. & 40., and FledIbid. 2727. n. 30. & 40. beyond-Sea (as already hath been observed) he was at length strickenLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 190. 〈◊〉 . Neustr. 152. n. • 0. by a Wild-Boar, in Hunting; and died Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 190. 〈◊〉 . Neustr. 152. n. • 0. of his hurts at Lov • me, in anno 1392. (16 Ric. 2.) in great distress and penury. About three years after which; viz. inIbid. 155. n. 10. November, ann. 1395. (19 R. 2.) the King having caused his Body to be broughtIbid. 155. n. 10. over into England, made Ibid. 155. n. 10. a solemne Funeral for him at Colne in Essex; being presentIbid. 155. n. 10. himself thereat, with many of the Bishops; but few of the temporal Lords, their old hatred towards him being not then abated.

Dying thus, and without 〈…〉 issue, Alberi • de Vere, his uncle 〈…〉 , was in 16 R. 2. by assent of Parliament restored 〈…〉 to all those Lands, which had been by fine entailed, before the attainder of the Duke, his Nephew; having also the name, Title, and Honor of Earl of Oxford, then grantedCart. de an. • 5 • 6, & 17 R. 2. n. 16. to him, and to the Heirs Male of his Body; and thereupon took his seatCart. de an. • 5 • 6, & 17 R. 2. n. 16. in Parliament amongst the Peers: but being infirmCatal of Nob. by R. B., the Office of Lord High Chamberlain of England, which he and his Ancestors had longCatal of Nob. by R. B. held, was in 17 R. 2. bestowedPat. 7 R 2. p. 1. m. 23. by the King on Iohn Holland Earl of Huntendon, to hold for term of life. And continuing 〈…〉 still weak, had speciall Licence 〈…〉 to be absent from that Parliament held at Shrewsbury in 21 R. 2. in which the Judgement 〈…〉 given in the Parliament of 11 R. 2. against Robert Duke of Ireland, his Nephew, was 〈…〉 revoaked and anulled.

This Earl Alberic took to WifeCatal. of Nob. by R. B. Alice the Daughter of Iohn Lord Fitz-Walter, by whom he had issueCatal. of Nob. by R. B. Richard his Son and Successor; and Iohn who diedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. unmarried: as also a Daughter marriedIbid. to Sir Iohn Fitz-Lewes, Knight; and departed 〈…〉 this life upon S. George his day, 1 Hen. 4. leaving Richard his Son and Heir then 〈…〉 fourteen years of age; being then seised 〈…〉 of the Castle and Mannor of Castle-Hengham, the Mannors of • elham-parva, Bumstede, Dodingherst, Stanstede-Monfichet, Fingreth, Beaumonds; as also the Office of Steward of the whole Forest of Essex. Likewise of the Mannors of Badlesmere in • ent; Calmerton, in Com. Buck. Magna-Campes, Saxton, and Swafha • - • ulbeck, in Comit▪ Cantabr. And for terme of life, by the grant of King Richard of the Honor and Town of Reyleigh, and Mannors of Eastwood, and Thunderst, the reversion to Edward Duke of York, and the Heirs Male of his Body; leaving Alice his Wife surviving, who had for her Dowery an assignationClaus. 1 H. 4. p. 2. m. 10. of the Mannors of Badlesmere; excepting four hundred acres of Land, and Pasture there therein, held in Gavel-kind; and likewise of the Mannor of Bumstede, Beaumond, and Eston-Hall, in Com. Essex. Calverton, and Whitchurch, in Com. Buck. and fifteen shillings, and six pence, half peny Rent, out of the Mannor of Stansted-Montfichet.

I now come to Richard Richard. the succeeding Earl. On whose behalf the Commons in Parliament in 1 Hen. 4. did pray,Rot Pa • l. 〈◊〉 Hen. 4. n. 140. that having married Alice the Daughter of the Kings Sister, he might be restored to the Office of Chamberlain of England, being his due inheritance, and taken away by violence by King Richard the second; but thereunto the King did notRot Pa • l. 〈◊〉 Hen. 4. n. 140. then assent.

In 2 Hen. 4. it was Enacted 〈…〉 by Parliament; that if this Richard Earl of Oxford, when he came of age, should consent, that Philippa Dutches of Ireland, might enjoy her Dower out of the entailed Lands, confirmed and assured to her, by Earl Aubery, his Father, then he should have to him and to his Heirs, all those Lands, which were the Duke of Ireland's, in in Demesn or Reversion; and in the Kings hands upon the first day of March preceding. This Richard being inPat 3 H. 4. p. • . m. 34. his minority at his Fathers death; had, in 3 H. 4 a grantPat 3 H. 4. p. • . m. 34. of an hundred pounds per annum, for his maintenance, to be received out of the profits of his own Lands.

And, in 8 Hen. 4. upon his assentRot Pa • l 8 Hen 4. that the before-specified Dutchess Philippa should enjoy her Dower; the King grantedRot Pa • l 8 Hen 4. to him and his Heirs, all those Lands and Tenements, which by the forfeiture of Duke Robert, came to the Crown; excepting such as had been disposed of by himself or King Richard the second. And inRot Pa • l 8 Hen 4. the Parliament then held, made special Livery Rot Pa • l 8 Hen 4. unto him, of all those Lands, which she the said Philippa held in Joynture (she being then dead, as it seems:) as alsoRot Pa • l 8 Hen 4. of all other Lands, whereof Earl Aubrey, his Father, died seized; he being 〈…〉 then of full age.

About this time, or not long before, Maude Countess of Oxford, Widow of E. Thomas, and Mother to Robert Duke of Ireland, still surviving 〈…〉 , caused it to be divulged 〈…〉 that King Richard 2. was alive; and that he would forthwith lay claim to his antient Ho •• r; and procured 〈…〉 Harts to be made of Silver and gilt, (which were Badges that King Richard gave to his Friends, Souldiers, and Servants) to be in the Kings name distributed in the Countrey, whereby the people might be the sooner allured to rise on his behalf: giving it farther out, that Ibid. n. 30. & 40. he was privately kept in Scotland, till he could have a fit oportunity to come in with an Army of French and Scots. Whereupon she was committedIbid. n. 30. & 40. to Prison, and her goods confiscated Ibid. n. 30. & 40. This Maude by her Testament 〈…〉 dated at Bentley, 20 Ian. anno 1412. (14 H. 4.) bequeathed her Body to be buried in the Nunns Church, at Brusezard; appointing, that her H • rse should be covered with black Cloath, and and a white cloath in form of a Cross thereon; as also three Tapers to burn about it, on the day of her funeral; viz. two at her Head, and the third at her Feet; and four Torches besides. And gave to those Nunns the Mannor of Wrabnase, in pure Almes, for the health of her own Soul, her Parents Souls, and the Souls of all the faithful deceased. And having so done, departed this life on Wednesday being the Feast of the Conversion of S. Paul, the same year; leaving Robert de Willoughby her next Heir; viz. Son of William, Son of Alice, Sister of Eliz. Mother of her the said Maude, then twenty six years of age.

But I returne to Richard.

In 3 Hen. 5. this Richard wasRot. Fran • 3 H. 5 m. 14. in that expedition then made into France: but before the end of that year, finding himself infirme, he made his TestamentChichley, Vol. • . 304 • .; viz. 6 Aug. ann. 1415. by which he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Conventual Church of the Priory at Colne in Essex, where his Ancestors lay Interred: and gave to Alice his Wife, all his personal Estate, to pay his Debts, discharge his Funeral, and to dispose for pious uses. After which, viz. in 4 Hen. 5. he became riteinedEx Autogr, pen • s Cl •• . pell. to serve the King in person, in his Warrs of France; but, diedEsc. 4 H. 5. n. 53. B • ck. the same year, on the morrow after S. Valentines day; leaving issue by Alice his Wife, one of the DaughtersCatal. of Nob by R. B. and Heirs of Sir Richard Sergeaux, Knight, twoCatal. of Nob by R. B. Sons, Iohn and Robert. Which Robert, took to WifeVinc. Cor. p. 406. Ioane, the Widow of Nicholas Lord Carew, Daughter to Sir Hugh Courtney of Hacham, Knight, and HeirIbid. to her Mother Philippa, one of the Daughters and Heirs to Sir Warine Archdeacon, Knight; and had issueIbid. Iohn who married Alice Daughter and Heir to Walter Kilrington, alias Colebroke; by whome he had issueIbid. Iohn Vere; who after the death of that Earl Iohn, commonly called Little Iohn of Camps, became Earl of Oxford, as I shall shew anon. which Alice (Viz. Widow to this last mentioned Earl Richard) having then for her Dower, an assignationEsc. 4 H. 5. n. 53. u • . sup •• . of the Mannors of Over-Hall and Nether-Hall, in Lavenham, the Mannor of Bumstede at the Tower, called Gebons, the Mannor of Fingerith, Great-Canefeld, and Dodinghurst, with that Mannor of Bumstede, called Countess-Meadow, in Bumstede-Helion, in Com. Essex. but afterwards, taking to Husband 〈…〉 Nicholas Thurley Esq without the K. licence, her Dowry was seised 〈…〉 , and Thurley imprisoned 〈…〉 in the Tower of London, untill by a fine of one years value of that her Dowry, he obtained a Pardon for the Transgression.

I Now come to Iohn, Son and Heir to Earl Richard, who was 〈…〉 nine years of age at his Fathers death.

This Iohn, succeeding in his Fathers Honors, was amongst others made 〈…〉 Knight by the King, at Leicester, on Whitsunday, 4 H. 6. the King himself having then received 〈…〉 that Honor, at the hands of his Uncle the Duke of Bedford: And in 7 H. 6 being 〈…〉 then in Ward; having married 〈…〉 Elizabeth the Daughter of Sir Iohn Howard the younger, Knight, without Licence, did for the Summe of two thousand pounds, to be paid into the Exchequer obtain pardon 〈…〉 for that Transgression. Before the end of which year, making proof 〈…〉 of his age and doing his Homage, he had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands.

In 13 Henr. 6. this Earl Iohn obtained Licence 〈…〉 to travail towards the Holy-Land, with twelve persons of his Company; and to take Ibid. with him an hundred pounds in Money, and to receiveIbid. five hundred Marks more by way of Exchange.

In 14 Hen. 6. he wentRot. Franc. 14 H. 6. m. 6. into Pi • ardy, for the relief of Calais: and the same year performing his Homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 16 Hen. 6. m. 5. of all those Lands, which by the death of Margaret the Wife of Sir Iohn Howard, Knight descended to Elizabeth her Daughter whom he hadRot. Fin. 16 Hen. 6. m. 5. married. In 17 Hen. 6. he was joyned in Commission 〈…〉 with Iohn Duke of Norfolk, and others, to treat with Charles de Valoys or his Embassadors, touching a perpetual peace betwixt this Realm and France. And in 32 Hen. 6. together with 〈…〉 the Earls of Salisbury, Sa • op, Worcester, Wilts, and some other Lords, undertook 〈…〉 to keep the Seas for three years, next following; being allowed 〈…〉 the Subsidies, of Tunnage and Poundage, then granted for that service. But when King Edward the fourth attained the Crown, the Lancastrean party, (whereof this Earl was one) soon fell: for that King in the first year of his Reign, callingStow's Chron. in eod ann. Holinsh. p. 665. b. n. 20. a Parliament upon the fourth of November, wherein King Henry the sixth and all his Linage were disheritedStow's Chron. in eod ann. Holinsh. p. 665. b. n. 20., caused this Earl Iohn, and Auberie his eldest Son (together with the Dukes of Exeter, and Somerset, and many other) to be attaintedStow's Chron. in eod ann. Holinsh. p. 665. b. n. 20. and at several times after beheaded themStow's Chron. in eod ann. Holinsh. p. 665. b. n. 20. on Tower Hill.

The InquisitionEs • . 3. E. 4. • . 23. Oxon. taken in 3 Edw. 4. after this his Death; saith, that he died 26 Februar. 1 Edw. 4. and that Iohn his Son and Heir, was at the time of the taking thereof, twenty years of age.

Of his issue, which he had by Elizabeth his Wife (before mentioned) there were five Sons; viz. 〈…〉 Aubery, who suffered death with him; Iohn who succeeded him, Sir George, Sir Richard, and Sir Thomas, all Knights; and three Daughters; viz. 〈…〉 Mary a Nunn at Berking in Esse • , Ioane married to Sir William Norres of Yatenden, Knight; and Elizabeth, to William Son and Heir to Henry Bourchier Earl of Essex.

In 3 and 4 Edw. 4 the King, in Parliament upon 〈…〉 the Petition of this Iohn Earl of Oxford, mentioned 〈…〉 the Act of Attainder of Robert Duke of Ireland, in 11 R. 2. as also the restoration of Aubery de Vere, in 16 R. 2. and the Annullation of the Act of 11. In 21 R. 2. as also the revoking that in 1 Hen. 4. Repealed 〈…〉 that of 1 Hen. 4. which had been made in affirmance of the Act of 11 R. 2. (as touching the said Earle of Oxford) which had formerly repealed the Act of 21 Ric. 2. And, as concerning him, revived 〈…〉 the Act of 21 Ric. 2. with a salvo to the King and his Heirs, of any Right, Title, or Interest, which he had or might have, to any of those Lands, which were Robert Earl of Oxford's, with divers provisions, and exceptions therein mentioned.

This Iohn, Iohn, 3. in 10 Ed. 4 being 〈…〉 one of those that then adhered to King Henry the sixth, in order to his restoration, (which hapned 〈…〉 that year though it held but a while) sate High Steward 〈…〉 , for the Trial of Iohn Tiptoft Earl of Worceser; who thereupon had Judgement 〈…〉 of death, and was 〈…〉 beheaded on Tower-Hill.

But the Scene soon altered again: for King Edward returning, and getting strength, metPol. Virg. 526. & 527. • . • 0. & 30. Richard Nevil, the stout Earl of Warwick, (at that time King Henrys chiefest Champion) at Barnet, in Com. Midd. in the left Wing of whose Army this our Earl was placed,Pol. Virg. 526. & 527. • . • 0. & 30. with some Horse, as Polyd. Virg. affirmeth. Others Holinsh. p 684. a. n. 60. & ibid. b. say, in the right wing: and that leading the Van ward, the Kings people were, through his valor, overmacht; so that many ran away, and carried news to London, that the Earl of Warwick had won the Field. Which might have fallen out true, had not preposterous fortune hapned to his men; who, having a Starr, with streams for their Liveries; were not, by reason of the mist, distinguished from King Edwards men; and through that mistake, shot at one another. Whereupon, crying Treason, he Fled, with eight hundred of his Souldiers. So that all his party, being thus unhappily routed 〈◊〉 ut supra., with Edmund Duke of Somerset, he made hast into Wales, where he was received 〈◊〉 ut supra. by the Earl of Pembroke; and after that into Cornwall, untoIbid. 532. n. 40. S. Michaels-Mount.

It is saidLe • . Coll. Vol. 1. 7 • 8. by some; that, at the loss of Barnet Field, he fled into Scotland, and thence into France: and having gotten much at Sea, came into the West Countrey; where, by subtilty he entred S. Michaels Mount, in Cornwall, with three hundred ninety seven men, upon the last of September; and divers times coming down thence, into the adjacent villages, had good chear of the Inhabitants: Whereupon Bodrigan, the Kings Lieutenant in that County, being commanded by the King, besieged the Mount; but so favorably, that the Earl revictualled it; so that Fortescue was sent to keep 〈◊〉 Seige better. But, at last, the King so wrought with the Souldiers in the Mount, that had not our Earl submitted, his own men would have made him prisoner: in so much as Fortescue entred the Mount upon the fifteenth of February following; wherein he found victual, which might have served till Midsummer, this Earl, with the Lord Beaumont being carried prisoners to the King; and sentEsc 14 〈◊〉 4. n. 28. Suff. to safe Custody, in the Castle of Hamms in Picardy. Soon after which, viz. in the Parliament begun at Westminster, upon the sixth of October the same year, he was (together with Sir George and Sir Thomas, his Brothers both Knights) attainted.Esc 14 〈◊〉 4. n. 28. Suff.

But in 2 Ric. 3. being still prisonerPol. Virg. 556. n. 20. in the Castle of Hamms; observingPol. Virg. 556. n. 20. what hopes of aid Henry Earl of Richmund, then had from the French, and others, in order to his gaining the Crown of this Realm; he gotPol. Virg. 556. n. 20. thence, together withIbid. Sir Iames Blount, the Governor of that Castle, and Sir Iohn Fortescue, porter of the Gates of Calais; and cameIbid. to Montarges, to the Earl of Richmund; who rec • ivedIbid. him with much joy, beingIbid. a person of great nobility, expert in military affairs, and withall, of high integrity.

Whereof when King Richard heardIbid. 558. n. 10.; and that the Castle of Hamms had declaredIbid. 558. n. 10. for Richmund, through the contrivance of this Earl: as alsoIbid. 558. n. 10., that he and Blount the Governor of that Castle, were so gone, as before is expressed; he forthwith appointed,Ibid. 558, n. 10., that part of the Garrison at Calais, should march out to regain that Castle. Whereupon those in the Castle standingIbid. n. 30 • upon their Guards, and sendengIbid. n. 30 • a Messenger to the Earl of Richmund, for more aid; he forthwith dispatchedIbid. this our Earl of Oxford, with a choice number of expert Souldiers; who, by his skilfull conduct drew off those in the Castle, without any loss. After which he himself hasted thence to the Earl of Richmund, in Paris.

And, upon his arrival in England, marched with him to Bosworth, where King Richard being ready to give him Battle; Richmund Marshalled his Army, and appointedIbid. 563. n. 10. this Earl to command the Vantguard, consistingIbid. 563. n. 10. of Archers. Who behaved himself with great courage in that fight: and whenIbid. n. 2 • . & 30. they came to the Sword; fearing to be encompassed, commandedIbid. n. 2 • . & 30., that no Souldier should stirr above ten foot from his Colours. And then most Valliantly chargingIbid. n. 2 • . & 30. the Enemy, in form of a Wedge, put them to the RoutIbid. n. 40.; in which he slewIbid. n. 40. many, and thereby became one of the chiefest Instruments, in obtaining an happy victory that day.

For which memorable service, Richmund being thereupon Crowned King by the name of Henry the seventh, he was soon restoredRot. Parl. 1 Hen. 7. m. 10. Rec. de Term H • l. 2 Hen. 7. rot 5. to all his possessions: and for his great prudence and gravity, made choice 〈…〉 of for one of his privy Councel; as also, at his Coronation, constituted 〈…〉 one of the Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord high Steward of England. And stood in such high favor with him; as that he obtained a grantPat. 1 H. 7. p 2. to himself, and Margaret his Wife, and to the Heirs of her the said Margaret, of the Lordship of de la More, in Comit. Hertf. and Midd. late belonging to George Nevil Archbishop of York: as also of the Mannors of • amlingham, • elsall, Harestone, Pesenhall, Walton, with Tremley, and the Hundred of Loose, in Com. Suff. and likewise of the Mannor of Willington, in Com. Bedf. which were part of the possessions of Iohn late Duke of Norfolk attainted. Likewise of the Mannors of Berham, Walkefare, and Powers, in Waltham-parva, in Comit. Essex. late the Lands of Francis Vicccount Lovell, attainted; of the Mannor of Botesworth, in Comitat. Northampt. late William Catesby's Esq attainted. Also of an House called the Herber, in the Parish of S. Mary Bothawe, in the Ward of Dowe-gate, London, part of the possessions of George late Duke of • larence; to hold to him, and to the Heirs male of his Body.

And, besides all this, was made Constable 〈…〉 of the Tower of London; and likewise 〈…〉 Lord High Admiral of all England, Ireland, and Dutchy of Aquitane.

Moreover, in 3 Hen. 7. he was constituted 〈…〉 one of the Commissioners to exercise the Office of High Steward of England, at the Coronation of the Queen. Furthermore, upon that Insurrection 〈…〉 made by Iohn Earl of Lincoln, on the behalf of Lambert Simnell (who was taught to personate 〈…〉 one of the murthered Sons of King Edward the fourth,) was 〈…〉 , with Iasper Duke of Bedford, a chief commander of the Kings Forces against those Rebells.

And in 4 Hen. 7. together 〈…〉 with the same Duke of Bedford, he had the Command 〈…〉 of those forces, which were sent by King Henry into Flanders, in aid of Maximilian the Emperor, against the French: And in 9 Hen. 7. was made Constable 〈…〉 of the Castle of • lare, in Com. Suff.

In 12 Henr. 7. he was likewise 〈…〉 one of the cheif Commanders against the Lord Audley, and his fellow-Rebells in the Battle at Black-Heath.

And in 1 Hen. 8. obtained a confirmationPat. 1 H. • p. 1. m. 26. from the King, of the Office of Lord Great-Chamberlain of England, originally granted to his Ancestor Alberic de Vere, by King Henry the first. In which year he had likewise the Constableship of the Castle of • lare, confirmed Ibid. m. 26. to him for life: as also a grantIbid. and confirmationIbid. of the Castle of Colchester, which Maude the Empress gave to Alberic de Vere, his Ancestor. And was lastly again constituted Ibid. m. 26. Lord Admiral of England, Ireland, and the Dutchy of Aquitane, for life.

This Earl Iohn, first marriedPat 21 E. 4. p. 1. m. 10. Margaret the Daughter to Richard Earl of Salisbury: and by her had issueCatal of Nob. by R. B. Iohn, who died young in the Tower of London, during his Fathers exile. Which Margaret, being in great wantPat. 2 • E 4. p. 1 m. 10., in 21 Edw. 4. (the Earl her Husband standing then attainted) obtainedPat. 2 • E 4. p. 1 m. 10. from the King an annuity of an hundred pounds per annum, during her life, to be payd out of the Impost upon Wines, in the Port of London.

And to his second Wife Elizabeth, the Daughter Catal. of Nob. by R. • . of Sir Richard Scroope, Knight, WidowD • ngley. qu. 11. of William Viscount Beaumont; but had no issue by her.

Which Elizabeth, by her TestamentIbid., bearing date 30 Maii, An. 1537. (29 H. 8.) bequeathed her body to be buried in the Parish Church of Wyveh • , by the Corps of William Viscount Beaumont, her first Husband: and appointed, that her Executors should cause to be said or sung for her Soul; as also for the Souls of her Father and Mother, and for her Husbands Soul, two hundred Masses; viz. fifty of the Trinity, fifty of the Holy-Ghost, fifty of the five Wounds, and fifty of Requiem; and to reward the sayers twelve pence in Money. By this her Testament she also bequeathed to Iohn de Vere, then Earl of Oxford, seven Tappets of counterfeit Arras, of the story of Solomon, &c. and to the Lord Bulbeck her Godson, her Ring of Gold, with a Rose of Diamonds; and to the Lady Dorothy his Wife a Tablet of Gold. Moreover to his Brother Alberic (her Godson also) her Ring of Gold, with a Saphire of divers Squar • s; and to the Lady Surrey his Sister, a Book of Gold. Likewise to her God-daughter Eliz. Darcy (his Sister) her largest Ring, with a sharp Diamond, and to the Lady Anne Vere, his Sister, a Book of Gold, &c.

To her Sister the Lady Mary, wife of Sir William Kingston, Knight, her Iesus of Diamonds, set in Gold. To her Sister Iane Brews, a Bason and Ewer, chased and gilt; and to her Brother Sir Iohn St. Clare, Knight, a Bason and Ewer of Silver chased and gilt.

Besides this I have not seen any thing farther memorable of him, except 24 H. 7. that by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 10 Apr. he bequeathed his Body to be buried before the high Altar of our Lady-Chapel, in the Priory of • olne, under a Tomb which he had prepared for himself and Margaret his first Wife, there already buried. And appointed that his Executors should cause two thousand Masses of R • quiem, to be said or sung for his Soul, by Priests; viz. every Frier being a Priest, and abiding in any of the Houses of Black-Friers in Cambridge, Black-Friers in Oxford, White-Friers at Lynne, (all which were of his Ancestors foundation) and Brethren of the Charter-house in London, Shene, and Syon, being Priests. Moreover that every Monk, Canon, and every other religious person, being a Priest, and abiding within any House of Religion, of the foundation of any of his Ancestors, should also sing Placebo and Dirige, with Commendations.

And that by his last Will, he ordained, that his Castle and Honor of Hedingham, and Gelham; with his Mannors of Bumsted; Canfield, Praiers, Bowre-hall, Grays in Hedingham-Sibille, Earles-Colne, Bentley, Crepinghall, Downham, Lavenham, Overhall, Netherhall, Cookefield, Walsham-Hall, Campes, Abingdon, Saxton, Swafham Bulbeck, Kensyngton; and his Place, near Bishops-gate in London; all which were of the old Inheritance, belonging to this Earldom; and whereof he stood seised to himself and the Heirs male of his Body, as by old gifts thereof, made to his Ancestors manifestly did appear; should be and remain to the Heirs male of his body lawfully begotten: and for default thereof, to his Nephew Iohn Vere, and the Heirs male of his body, according to the old Entail: and for default thereof to his Cousin Iohn Vere, Son of Sir Robert; in regard he was next Heir male, and privy to those old Entails.

And departing 〈…〉 this life upon Thursday 10 Martii, 4. Henr. 8. was buried in the Priory at Colne. To whom succeeded Iohn his Nephew and Heir; viz. Son 〈…〉 of Sir George Vere Knight, Brother 〈…〉 to this last Earl Iohn, by Margaret the Daughter and 〈…〉 Heir of William Stafford of Fro •• e, in Com. Dorset Esquire.

Which Iohn, being commonly called 〈…〉 Little Iohn of Camses, had a special Livery 〈…〉 of all those Lands, whereunto he was Heir.

This Iohn took to Wife 〈…〉 Anne, Daughter of Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk, but died without issue, 14 Iulii, 18 Hen. 8. Whereupon his three Sisters became his Heirs; viz. Elizabeth, the Wife of Sir Anthony Wingfield, Knight; Dorothy married to Iohn Nevill Lord Latimer; and Vrsula to Edmund Knightly, Esquire.

To whom Succeeded 〈…〉 as Earl of Oxford, and to all that part of the Inheritance which was Entailed, Iohn Son 〈…〉 of Robert, second Brother 〈…〉 to that Iohn Earl of Oxford, who was beheaded in 1 Edw. 4. Which Iohn in 21 Hen. 8. was 〈…〉 one of the Peers who subscribed the Articles exhibited to the King against Cardinal Wolsey. So likewise in 22 Hen. 8. that 〈…〉 Letter, sent by the greatest part of the Nobility of England, with divers Bishops and Abbots, to Pope Clement the seventh, whereby they gave his Holiness to understand; that unless he did comply with King Henry in that great cause of his so much desired Divorce from Queen Katherine, his Supremacy in this Realm was not like to be long acknowledged. And in 28 Hen. 8. was one 〈…〉 of the Kings Privy-Councel.

And having married 〈…〉 Elizabeth the Daughter to Sir Edward Truss • l, of Cubleston, in Com. Staff. Knight Banneret, Sister 〈…〉 and 〈…〉 Heir to Iohn; had issue by her five Sons; viz. Iohn who succeeded him in his Honor; Auberie, who married 〈…〉 the Daughter of ... Spring of Lanham, in Com. Suff. and had issue Hugh; Secondly Geffrey Vere, FatherIbid. of Iohn Vere, of Kirkby-Hall; ThirdlyIbid. Sir Francis Vere Knight, sometime GovernorIbid. of Brill, in the Netherlands▪ and fourthly Sir Horatio Pat. 40. Eliz. p. 16. Vere, Knight, who in 1 Car. 1. was createdPat. 1. Car. p. 1. Lord Vere of Tilbury: and having married1 8. in Officio Armor. f. 45. b. Mary the third Daughter to Sir Iohn Tra • y of •• dington, in Com. Clou • . Knight, had issue1 8. in Officio Armor. f. 45. b. by her five Daughters his Heirs; viz. Elizabeth 1 8. in Officio Armor. f. 45. b. Wife to Iohn Lord Haughton, Son and Heir to the Earl of 〈◊〉 ; Mary first married1 8. in Officio Armor. f. 45. b. to Sir Roger Tounshend of Raynham, in Comitat, Nor • . Baronet; afterwards to Mildmay Earl of Westmerland; Katherine to 1 8. in Officio Armor. f. 45. b. Oliver St. Iohn, Son and Heir to Sir Iohn St. Iohn of Lidyard, Knight and Baronet; and afterwards to Iohn Lord Paulet: Anne to Thomas Lord Fairfax of Cameron in Scotland, and Dorothy to Iohn Wolstenholme, Son and Heir to Sir Iohn Wolstenholme, late of Noste • , in Comit. Ebor. Baronet.

This last mentioned E. Iohn departedI. 11. in Officio Arm. 68. b. this life, at his Mannor of Colne, on Saturday 21 Martii, 31 H. 8. and was buriedI. 11. in Officio Arm. 68. b. at Castle-Heningham, on Munday the 12 of April following.

To whom succeeded Iohn Iohn, 6. his Son and Heir, who in 32 Hen. 8. had a special LiveryPat. 32 H. 8. p. 1. of all those Lands, which descended to him by Elizabeth his Mother, Sister and HeirPat. 32 H. 8. p. 1. to Iohn Trussel Esquire: and in 36 • en. 8. wasHerb. Hist. H. 8. p. 5 • 1. in that famous expedition then made to Boloine; being Herb. Hist. H. 8. p. 5 • 1. in the Rear of the Kings Army, under the conduct of Iohn Lord Russel, at that time Lord Privy-Seal.

This Iohn first took to WifeJornal of Parl. 28 H. 8. Dorothy the Daughter to Ralph Earl of Westmerland, by whom he had only issue Katherine, married Catal. of Nob. by R. • . to Edward Lord Windsor. And to his second Wife, Margaret Catal. of Nob. by R. • . the Daughter of Iohn Golding (Sister of Sir Edward Golding; Knight) by which Margaret he had issueCatal. of Nob. by R. • . Edward, his Son and Successor; and Mary, WifeCatal. of Nob. by R. • . to Peregrine Bartu Lord Willoughby of Ers •• y.

And by his Testament bearingChayre, qu. 22. date 28 Iulii Anno 1562. (4 Eliz.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Church of • arles-Colne; departingCamd Ann. p. 69. this life the same year.

To whom succeededIb. p. 453. Edward Edward. his Son and Heir, who in 29 Eliz. was oneIb. p. 453. of the Peers by special Commission appointed to try Mary Queen of Scots (then Prisoner in England,) for her life. And in Anno 1588. (31 Eliz.) one of the chief persons in the Queens Fleet,Ibid. 529. imployed against the great Navy of Spaniards, then threatning an Invasion; which thereupon was dissipated, and destroyedI • id. by the English Forces.

Which Earl Edward had two Wives; viz. Anne, DaughterF F. in Officio Armorum, 172. 2. to William Cecil Lord Burghley, (Lord Treasurer of England) on whom he begat three Daughters; viz. Elizabeth marriedCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. to William Earl of Derby; Bridget, to Francis Lord Norris of Ricot (afterwards created Earl of Berkshire) and Susan toCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. Philip Herbert, Earl of Montgomery.

And to his second Wife Elizabeth DaughterIbid. of Thomas Trentham of Rouceter, in Com. Staff. Esq (one of the MaidsIbid. of Honor to Q. Eliz.) by whom he had issue, one Son, called Hen • y Ibid..

This Edward, being an intire friend to Thomas Duke of Norfolk; when he discerned his Life in danger, upon what was laid to his charge; touching the Q. of Scots (whereof our Historians of that time do give some account) earnestly interceded with the Lord Treasurer Burghley (his Wives Father, and one of the chiefest States-men of that time) for the preserving him from destruction; but prevailing not, grew so highly incensed against Burghley, knowing it was in his power to save him; that, in great indignation, he said, he would do all he could to ruin his Daughter: and accordingly, not only forsook her Bed, but sold and consumed Camb. Ann. in ann 1562. p. 69. that great Inheritance, descended to him from his Ancestors: leaving very little for Henry his Son and Successor. And died 24 Iunii, An. 1604. (2 Iac.)

Which Henry Henry. marriedIbid. Diana the second Daughter to William Cecill Earl of Exeter; and died at the Seige of Breda in the Netherlands, in ann. 1625. without issue.

Whereupon Robert Vere, Robert, 5. Son and Heir of Hugh, Son and Heir of Aubery by Margaret the Daughter of Iohn Spring of Lanham, in Com. Suff. (who was the second Son to Iohn the fifth of that name, Earl of Oxfo • d) after the death of this E. Henry, was in the Parliament held at Westminster, Ann. 2 Car. 1. restoredJornal of Pa • l. to this title of Earl of Oxford.

Much disputeJornal of Pa • l. there was in that Parliament between this Robert, and Robert then Lord Willoughby of Eresby, touching this title of Earl; as also touching the Titles of Lord Bulbeck, Sanford, and Badlesmere, and Office of Lord Great Chamberlain of England; this Robert making claim to them all, as Heir male of the Family; and Robert Lord Willoughby, as Son and Heir to Mary, the sole Heir female. But at length, after Councel, on each part divers times heard; and the Authority of Records, and antient Evidences produced: first the Title of Earl was Clearly adjudged Jornal of Pa • l. to this Robert de Vere: and the Titles of Lord Bulbeck, Sanford and Badlesmere descending to the Heirs female, to be inIbid. the Kings disposal, by reason that Iohn the fourth E. of Oxfo • d, having three Sisters his Heirs, the Honor could not be divided. But, as to the Office of Lord Great Chamberlain, it was referredIbid. to the Judges, then attending in Parliament, to consider thereof, and make report upon these two points; first, whether that Robert E. of Oxford, who made the entail thereof, temp. R. 2. upon the Heir male, were at that time seised of it, or not. Secondly, admitting that he was; then whether such an Office might be conveyed by way of limiting of uses. Upon which Reference, there being only five Judges then attending in Parliament (and the rest in their Circuits) 3 of them; viz. Justice Doderidge, Yelverton, and Baron Trevor, Ibid. declared their opinions for the Heir General, and gave their Reasons for the same: but the other two, viz. the Lord cheif Justice Crew, and Sir John Walter Lord Cheif Baron, for the Heir male. The major part therefore, thus declaring; the Lords votedIbid. accordingly. whereupon Robert Lord Willoughby was admittedIbid. into the House, 13 Apr. 2 Car. 1. with his Staff of that Office, and took his place above all the Barons according to the Act of Parliament of 31 Hen. S. cap. 10.

And Robert de Vere, having received his Writ, of SummonsIbid. dated 14 April. the same year, came into the Parliament the day next following, and had his placeIbid. next to the Earl of Arundell

This Robert took to Wife Beatrix van Hemmema of Freezland, and was slain at the Seige of Maestricht, ann. ... By which Hemmema he had issue three Sons; viz. Aubrey who succeeded him in his Honors; as also Horace, and Francis, who died young. And likewise three Daughters; Mary, Magdalen and Susan; who all died young.

This last mentioned Aubrey, took to Wife Anne one of the two Daughters and Coheirs of Paul Viscount Banning; which Anne died without issue.

And shortly after the Restauration of our present Sovereign King Charles the second, being elected one of the Knights of the most noble Order of the Garter, was made Lord Lieutenant of the County of Essex, and one of his Majesties most honorable Privy-Councel. After which he married Diana Daughter to George Kirke, one of the Grooms of the Bed-Chamber to King Charles the first of blessed memory.

Mandevill.

UPonMon. A • g. Vol 2. 446. b. n. 30 & 40. the first arrival here of Duke William the Norman; amongst other his Companions in that signal Expedition there wasMon. A • g. Vol 2. 446. b. n. 30 & 40. a famous Souldier, called Geffrey Geffrey, 1. de Magnavil; assuming that surname from the Town of Magnavill, which he then possessed. This Geffrey fightingMon. A • g. Vol 2. 446. b. n. 30 & 40. courageously, in that Battle against King Harold, where Duke William was victorious, hewedMon. A • g. Vol 2. 446. b. n. 30 & 40. down his Adversaries on every side: for which great service he was aptly rewarded with divers fair Lordships, by the Conquerors Gift, as may appearDomesd. 〈◊〉 in ii • d. 〈◊〉 . from what he enjoyed at the time of the general Survey; viz. in Berkshire four; in Suffolk twenty six; in Middlesex seven; in Surrey one; in Oxfordshire three; in Cambridgshire nine; in Hertfordshire nineteen; in Northamptonshir • seven; in Warwickshire two; and in Essex forty; whereof Waldene was one, which afterwards became the cheif seat of his Descendants.

This Geffrey, was by King William, madeMon. Angl. ut supra. n. 60. Constable of the Tower of London, which trust he heldOrd Vit. 786. C. during all his time. And for Mon. Anglic Vol. 1. 363. 2. n. 60. & b. the Souls health of Athelaise his first Wife (by whom he hadMon. Anglic Vol. 1. 363. 2. n. 60. & b. his Children) and good estate of himself, and Leceline his second Wife (with the consentMon. Anglic Vol. 1. 363. 2. n. 60. & b. of that King) founded Mon. Anglic Vol. 1. 363. 2. n. 60. & b. a Monastery for Benedictine Monks at Hurley in Berkshire, whereunto he gaveIbid. n. 1 • . & 20. the whole Lordship of Hurley, and the Woods adjoyning thereto; as alsoIbid. n. 1 • . & 20. the Church of Waltham, and divers other Lands; Osmund then Bishop of Salisbury dedicatingIbid. n. 〈◊〉 the same. Which House became a Cell to that great Abby of S. Peter at Westminster.

To this Geffrey succeeded William William, de Magnavil (vulgarly called Mandevil) his Son and Heir; who, having marriedIb. 〈◊〉 . n. 10. Margaret the sole Daughter and Heir to Eudo Dapifer (id est, Steward to King William) had issueIb. 〈◊〉 . n. 10. by her, Geffrey, Geffrey▪ his Son and Heir, StewardIb. 〈◊〉 . n. 10. of Normandy, by descent from his Mother; and a DaughterMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 44 • . • . n. 30. called Beatrix. Which Geffrey, in 5 Steph. upon the paymentRot 〈…〉 Essex • Her •• . of Eight hundred sixty six pounds thirteen shillings four pence to the King, had LiveryRot 〈…〉 Essex • Her •• . of his Inheritance.

This Geffrey, with Earl Gislebert (id est, of Clare) was sentLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 864. by King Stephen to the Isle of Ely, to quench that flame of Rebellion, which Baldwin de Rivers, and Nigel, Bishop of Ely, had there raised.

Being also ConstableR. Hoved. 279 b. n. 50. of the Tower of London, he was by King Stephen, of a Baron, advanced R. Hoved. 279 b. n. 50. to the dignity of an Earl (as by his special CharterEx Coll. R. Gl. S., dated at Westminster, appeareth) viz. Ex Coll. R. Gl. S. of the County of Essex: So that he and his Heirs, should enjoy the same Earldom, as freely, peaceably, and honorably, as other Earls held those Counties whereof they were Earls. Unto which Charter were witnesses, William de Ipre, Henry de Essex, Iohn, the Son of Robert Fitz-Walter, Robert de Newburgh, William de S. Clere, William de Dammartin, Richard Fitz-Vrse, and William de Owe.

But, notwithstanding this Honor thus conferred on him by King Stephen; Maud the Empress, by a more ample CharterEx magno 〈◊〉 . in Offico Ducat. Lanc. made at Oxford, won him to her party. For she not only confirmed Ibid. to him, whatsoever Geffrey his Grand-father, or William his Father ever had, either in Lands, Forts, Castles; and in particular, the Tower of London, with the Castle under it, to strengthen and fortifie at his pleasure; but bestowed Ibid. on him the Hereditary Sheriffalty of London and Middlesex, for Three hundred pounds, to hold as amply as Geffrey his Grand-father did; as also that of Hertfordshire for Sixty pounds, as his Grand-father likewise held it. Farther granting to him the Tryal of all Causes in those Counties; so that no other should hold Plea therein, but by him: And, that he should have those Lands of one hundred pounds per annum value, and the services of those Twenty Knights, which she formerly, by an other Charter had given him.

Moreover, she confirmedIbid. to him, all those Lands of two hundred pounds per an. value, which King Stephen and Maud his Queen, had bestowed on him; and likewise One hundred pound Land in Escheats with those Knights Fees, also given to him by them, according to the Tenor of the Charters which he had of them.

Likewise, she gaveIbid. unto him all the Lands of Eudo Dapifer in Normandy, with his Office of Steward, as his Rightful Inheritance; granting, That he should not be impleaded for the same by any person whatsoever. And (if she and the Earl of Anjou her Husband, should think fit) that in lieu of his Eschaet-Lands and Knights services he then had, he should also enjoy as his right, all the Lands in England, whereof the same Eudo died seised, over and above the one hundred pound Lands per annum, and twenty Knights Fees, formerly given to him by her; and over and above the Lands of Ernulph de Mannevil, which he held of him by the service of ten Knights Fees. And she farther covenanted Ibid. with him, that, in case she could obtain the Castle of Stortford, by exchange from the Bishop of London, and his Church of S. Paul there; that then he and his Heirs should for ever enjoy it: And if she could not so obtain it, then that she would demolish it.

And, besides all this she grantedIbid., that Ernulph de Mandevil should enjoy that one hundred pound Lands, and ten Knights Fees, which she had formerly given him; and one hundred pound Lands more in Escheats, to be held of her Husband, the Earl of Anjou, and her in Capite, to him and his Heirs, of her and her Heirs, viz. Cristeshale and Benedis, for as much as they were worth; and that she would make good the Remainder.

And she likewise CovenantedIbid., that neither the Earl of Anjou (her Husband) nor her self, nor her children, would ever make peace with the Burgesses of London, but with the consent of him the said Geffrey, because they were his mortal Enemies. And that the Castle which he had built upon Wye, should stand to be fortified at his pleasure. Also, That he should build one other Castle on his own Land, wheresoever he would: And that he, and his Tenants, should enjoy all the improvements they had at any time made upon their respective Lands, unto the day that he adhered to her, and her said Husband, the Earl of Anjou.

For performance of which Covenants, Robert, Earl of Glocester, Milo, Earl of Hereford, Bryan Fitz-Count, Robert Fitz-Reginald, Robert de Curcy her Steward, Iohn Fitz-Gilbert, Miles de Beauchamp, Ralph Paganel, Robert de Oilli Constable, and Robert Fitz-Heldebrand, undertook Ibid.. And, that Geffrey, Earl of Anjou (her Husband) and Henry her Son, should make good the same; she promisedIbid., that the King of France (in case she could procure him) should be her Surety; as also, that these persons should give their Faith for the like performance, viz. I • hel de Meduana, Robert de Sabloill, Pain de Clarevalle, Geffrey de Clarevalle, Andrew de Alvy, Pipin of Turon, Absolom Rumard; Reginald, Earl of Cornwal Baldwin, Earl of Devon, Gilbert, Earl of Pembroke, Hugh, Earl of Norfolk, Earl Alberic, Henry de Essex, Peter de Valoins, and other of her Barons, whom he would accept of; and whom she could obtain for Pledges: And that all the Clergy of England, in her power, should undertake to see those Covenants kept by her, and her Heirs, to him, and hi • Heirs.

And besides this, by another CharterEx ipso Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton., dated at Westminster, she constituted him Earl of Essex, to hold to himself and his heirs; and to have the Third Penny of the Pleas of the Sheriffalty,Note, that this is th • most antient Creation- • hatrer which hath ever been known. Vide S • ld. Titles of Honor, p. 647. as an Earl ought to enjoy in his Earldom; and likewise granted to him and his heirs, all those Lands which Geffrey de Magnavill his Grandfather, and Serlo de Matom, or any of his Ancestors ever held, either in England or Normandy. Moreover, she granted unto him and his heirs, the custody of the Tower of London, with that little Castle there, which belonged to Ravenger; and all the Lands, Liveries, and Customs thereto belonging, to fortifie the same at his pleasure; as also one hundred pound Lands per annum, to hold of her, and her heirs in Demesn, viz. Newport, for the value it yielded at the death of King Henry her Father, with License to remove the Market from Newport to his Castle at Walden, and all Customs to that Market belonging, in Toll, Passages, and other usages. Likewise, that the ways from Newport, near the Waterside, should be directed of course to Walden: And, that the Market at Walden should be upon Sundays and Thursdays; and the Fair there to begin on Whitson-Eve, and to continue all that week. Moreover, she gave him Meldon, with its appurtenances, to make good that one hundred pound Land before mentioned, for so much as it was worth, at the time of King Henries death; as also Deopdene, upon the like value. Likewise the Woods of Chatelege, with the Tenants there for twenty shillings, and the Land of Banhunt for forty shillings. And to make good what it should fall short of that value, in some convenient part of Essex, Hertfordshire, or Cambridgeshire; but, upon this condition, That if she should render unto Earl Theobald (Brother to King Stephen) all the Land which he held in England, then to give this Earl Geffrey, a valuable exchange in these three Counties, before he should be dispossessed.

And she farther Covenanted, That in case she should render the whole Barony and Lands of William Peverel of London, to the Heirs of him the said William, then to give this Geffrey a valuable exchange for what he had thereof, before he should relinquish the same; which exchange to be to him and his heirs.

Furthermore, she granted to him and his heirs twenty Knights Fees; within which number, were the Fee and Service, that Hasculf de Taney held in England at his death: All which, Graeleng, and his Mother held, for so much as belonged to that Fee, promising to make good the remainder of those twenty Fees, in the before-specified three Counties; and, that he should perform the service for those twenty Knights, besides the Services for his other Fees. Likewise, that his Castles which he then had, should stand, and be fortified at his own pleasure. Moreoever, that he and all his Tenants should hold their Lands as freely, as they held them before he became her Liegeman; and to be free from all debts, due either to King Henry the First, or King Stephen. Also, that he and his Tenants should be exempted from the Wastes of Foresters, and Improvements made in the Fee of him the said Geffrey, till the day he became her Liegeman: And, that all those Wastes should thenceforth be errable, without any forfeiture.

Likewise, that he should hold a Market at • issey, and a Fair every year, beginning on the Eve of S. Iames, to endure for three days: Besides all this, she thereby granted to him the Sheriffalty of Essex, to hold of her and her heirs, upon the antient Rent, payable at the time of the death of King Henry the First; so that there should be abated of that Rent of the Sheriffalty, whatsoever belonged to Meldon and Newport, which she had given him; and as much as appertained to the third penny of the Pleas of the County, whereof she had made him Earl. Moreover, that he should hold all her Demesns, which might accrew to her in Essex, paying the just Rent, so long as they were in her Demesn.

Also, that he and his heirs should for ever be Cheif Justices in Essex, to her and her heirs, of all Pleas and Forfeitures appertaining to the Crown; so that she should send none other thither, than (at some times) one of his Peers, to sit with him, and see that the Pleas were justly held. And, that he and his heirs should be quit against her and her heirs, of any forfeiture, or past displeasure, before the day he became her Liegeman; as also for any forfeiture which might thenceforth happen for any Fees; or Castles, Land, or Tenure, by her granted to him, as long as he could free himself from any Treason against her Person, either by himself, or any one Knight, in case any should thereof accuse him. To this Charter these being Witnesses, Henry (de Blois) Bishop of Winchester, Alexander of Lincoln, Robert de Betun of Hereford, Nigel of Ely, Bernard of S. Davids; Baldwin, Earl of Devon, Earl William de Moinun, Bryan Fitz-Count, Milo of Glocester, Robert Arundel, Robert Mallet, Ralph de London, Ralph Paynel, Walkline Maminot; Robert the Kings Son, Robert Fitz-Martin, and Robert Fitz-Heldebrand.

Of which high favors from her, King Stephen having notice (though all this, it is like, was done by the Empress to gain him on her side) to prevent 〈…〉 his own ruine (in the eighth of His Reign) he seised 〈…〉 upon him, in the Court then at S. Albans. Some say 〈…〉 , that before he was taken, they had a bloody fight, in which the Earl of Arundel, (though a stout Soldier) being thrown into the Water with his Horse, escaped drowning very narrowly. But, certain 〈…〉 it is, That to obtain his liberty, he was constrained, not only to give up the Tower of London, whereof he had the custody; but likewise 〈◊〉 . his own Castles of Walden and Plessey.

Others do tell 〈…〉 the story of him thus, viz, That King Stephen Reigning, Henry, Duke of Normandy, and Earl of Anjou, having received the honor of Knighthood from David, King of Scots, came over into England, with the countenance of many of the great Men here. And that upon the disturbance, which thereupon ensued; this Earl Geffrey de Mandevil, being an expert Soldier, adhered to the King for a time; but at length, being by some of the prime Nobility, through envy, accused for compliance with the Kings enemies; upon a Council called at S. Albans, he was seised on by the Kings command, and committed to safe custody; and, that though many of his Friends interceded for him, alleaging, That those accusations were unjust; they could not obtain his liberty till he had rendred up the Tower of London, with his Castles of Walden and Plessey into the Kings hands.

Moreover, that being thus bereft of those strong Holds he allured to him divers Soldiers, by whose assistance he did much mischeif, in sundry places; first invading the Kings own Demesn Lands, and wasting them miserably; and afterwards making great spoil upon others. Likewise, that having married his Sister Beatrix, to Hugh Talbot of Nor •• ndy, he caused her to be divorced, and wedded to William de Say, a stout and warlike Man; and, that with his aid, he went on in Plunder and Rapine every where, without mercy; making use of divers cunning Spies, whom he sent from door to door, as Beggars, to discover where any rich men dwelt; to the end he might surprise them in their Beds; and then keep them in hold, till they had with large sums of Money purchased their liberty.

And that being highly transported with wrath, he at length grew so savage; that by the help of this William de Say, and one Daniel, a counterfeit Monk, he got by Water to Ramsey; and entring the Abbey very early in the morning, surprised the Monks (then asleep, after their nocturnal offices) and expelling them thence, made a Fort of the Church; taking away their Plate, Copes, and other Ornaments, and selling them for Money to reward his Soldiers. Also, that for these his outrages having incurred the sentence of Publick Excommunication, he hapned to be mortally wounded, at a little Town called Burwel; whereupon, with great contrition for his sins, and making what satisfaction he could, there came at last some of the Knights-Templars to him; and putting on him the habit of their Order, with a Red Cross, carried his dead Corps into their Orchard, at the Old Temple in London; and Coffining it in Lead, hanged it on a crooked Tree. Likewise, that after some time, by the industry and expences of William, whom he had constituted Prior of Walden, his Absolution was obtained from Pope Alexander the Third; so that his Body was received amongst Christians, and Divine Offices celebrated for him: But, that when the Prior endeavored to take down the Coffin, and carry it to Walden; the Templars being aware of the design, buried it privately in the Churchyard of the New Temple, viz. In the Porch before the West door.

As to the circumstances of his death, others differ in their report, sayingGerv. Dorob. 1360. n. 20 & 30., That from Ramsey he marched to the siege of a Castle at Burwel, which the King had built; but it being in Summer, he put off his Helmet, and going thus, by reason of the heat, with his Sheild and Lance, bare-headed, was discerned by those in the Castle to be an Enemy, and thence shotAn • al. S. August. Cant. in the Head with an Arrow; of which wound, taking no speedyGerv. Dorob. ut supra n. 40. care, he diedGerv. Dorob. ut supra n. 40. within few days.

After which, within the compass of the same year, his Son Ernulph, (who, uponH. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10. his Fathers death fortifiedH. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10. the Church of Ramsey,) was takenH. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10. and banishedH. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10.; the General of his Cavalry, having his Brains dashedH. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10. out by a fall from an Horse; and the Captain of his Foot, endeavoring H. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10. to get away by Sea, over-whelmed H. Hunt. 225 b. n. 10. with the violence of the Waves.

But, though I have followed the thred of this story, which brought the last mentioned Geffrey to his death; there are some other particulars relating to him, not unworthy to be remembred, viz. That,Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 364 a. n. 60. & b. for the health of his Soul, he gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 364 a. n. 60. & b. to the Monks of Hurley (there seated by Geffrey his Grand-father) One hundred shillings yearly Rent, in exchange for the Tithes in Edelmeton and Enfeld, the Tithe of Paunage excepted.

Moreover, that he wasIbid. 447 a. & 459 a. n. 50. the pious Founder of that great Abbey at Walden in Essex; for the performance of which devout work, he procured Ibid. 447 a. & 459 a. n. 50. Robert, Bishop of London, Nigel of Ely, and William of Norwich, to come thither, and consecrateIbid. 447 a. & 459 a. n. 50. the Churchyard in the year 1136. (1 Steph.) being himself then present with Rohese his Wife, DaughterIbid. 448 a. n. 30. to Alberic de Vere, Earl of Oxford, and all his principal Tenants, and other of the Countrey; as also a multitude of the common people; placingIbid. 44 • a. n. 40. it at the West end of the Town, upon a meeting of four Road-ways, and in an Angle of two Waters, viz. That which runneth from Newport, and that descending from the side of his Castle; partly, ThatIbid. 44 • a. n. 40. the Monks should of necessity be charitable to Poor-people, and hospitable to Passengers; and partly,Ibid. 44 • a. n. 40. for its vicinity to the Castle, which was his cheif seat; the Churches wherewith he endowed it being these, viz. Ibid. 449 b▪ n. 10. That of our Lady at Walden, Waltham, Estre, Sabricstworth, Thorley, Godelstone, Enfeld, Edelmeston, Mimmes, Senley, Northall, Chishel, Chippenham, Digenswell, Almodesham, Stratley, Kaingham, Ainho, and Cumtone.

It is saidIbid. 447 2., That after this Geffrey came to be Earl, he added a Carbuncle to the Arms of his Ancestors; and that his death hapnedIbid. n. 10. upon the sixteenth Calends of October, An. 1144. (9 Steph.)

I now come to Geffrey his Son, and next Successor.

This Geffrey, Geffrey 3. after the Banishment of Ernulph his elder Brother, and disheriting his Father by King Stephen (as hath been observed) was by King Henry the Second, created • x ipso Autog • . in Bibl. • otton. Earl of Essex; having the third peny of the Pleas of that County, given • x ipso Autog • . in Bibl. • otton. to him and his heirs. And by his Charter of Creation, had all the Lands of Geffrey de Magnavil his great Grand-father, as also the Lands of his Grand-father, and Father, both in England and Normandy, fully restored to him, especially Walden, Sa • rictsworth, and Waltham; with a Release • x ipso Autog • . in Bibl. • otton. of the Mortgage which King Henry the First had upon those three Mannors. Which CharterIbid. bears date at Canterbury, in the presence of T. then Archbishop, and many others.

In 12 Hen. 2. upon the AssessmentLib. Rub. in Scacc. Sub • it. Essex. of the Aid, for marrying the Kings Daughter, this Earl G • ffrey certifiedLib. Rub. in Scacc. Sub • it. Essex. his Knights Fees to be in number Ninety seven, De Veteri Feoffamento, and Sixty de Novo.

WithEx. R • gistro Pr • orat. S. Joh. Jerusalem. William and Robert his Brothers, he confirmedEx. R • gistro Pr • orat. S. Joh. Jerusalem. to the Nuns and Canons of Chicksand, the Seat of a Grange, and whole circumference thereof made by those Canons in the Territory of Chippenham: which Lordship they had by the giftEx. R • gistro Pr • orat. S. Joh. Jerusalem. of the Countess Rohese his Mother.

Of this Earl Geffrey it is reportedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1 450 b. n. 40., That coming frequently to the Abbey of Walden (so Founded by his Father, as before is observed) he advised the Prior to be content with a small Church, and little Buildings: Which advice was thoughtMon. Anglic. Vol. 1 450 b. n. 40. to proceed from the insinuation of the Lady Rohese his Mother; who, having takenMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 793 b. n. 10. to her second Husband Pain de Beauchamp, and joynedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 793 b. n. 10. with him in the Foundation of the Priory of Chicksand in Com. Bedf. (of the Gilbertine Order) did endeavorMon Anglic. Vol. 1 450 b n. 40 & 50 by all her power, to alienate the affection of her Sons, and other Friends, from the Monks of Walden, to the endMon Anglic. Vol. 1. 450 b n. 40 & 50 she might incline them to be Benefactors to Chicksand.

Howbeit, that notwithstandingIbid. n. 60. these disswasions, at the earnest requestIbid. n. 60. of the Monks of Walden, he confirmedIbid. n. 60. to them whatsoever his Father (their Founder) had formerly given them: But thatIbid. 451. for the enlargement of his own Demesns, he did unjustly takeIbid. 451. away from the Parochial Church of Edelmetone, a large and fruitful Field, which was partIbid. 451. of the Glebe appertaining thereto.

It is also said 〈…〉 , That he wedded (Eustachia) a Kinswoman to King Henry the Second, but lived 〈…〉 not long with her, as an Husband; and that she thereupon, making her complaint 〈…〉 to the King; he did, in great wrath, cause a Divorce 〈…〉 betwixt them: As also, that he took 〈…〉 from him two of his fairest Lordships, viz. Walden and Waltham, and bestowed 〈…〉 them on her in merriage with Anselme de Campdanere.

This Earl being an elegant 〈…〉 Man of Speech, and of great Note 〈…〉 for his abilities in Secular Affairs, was by King Henry the Second, associated 〈…〉 with Richard de Lucy to march against the Welsh, then near Chester; at which City, falling sickIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • ., it hapned, that his servants being Ibid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . all gone to dinner, and no body left with him, he diedIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • .. WhereuponIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . divers antient Knights then there, who had served his Father, and enjoyed large Possessions through his bounty; consulting together, resolvedIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . to carry his Corps to Walden, there to be buried, as Patron of that House: And to that end, having takenIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . out his Brain and Bowels, and committed them to holy SepultureIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • ., with Honor and Alms, they seasoned Ibid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . the rest of his Body with Salt, then wrapt Ibid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . it in a good Hide, and CoffinedIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . it; and so hastnedIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . towards Walden with the Chariot, wherein it was carried; all his servants likewise attendingIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . thereon. But, upon the way, a ChaplainIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . of the Earls, called Hasculf, tookIbid. n. 20. 30. & 4 • . out his best Saddle-Horse, in the night, and rodeIbid. n. 20. 30 & 4 • . to Chicksand, where the Countess Rohese then resided with her Nuns; and, having acquainted her with the death of her Son, advisedIbid. her speedily to send what company she could to surprise the Corps, and bring it thither, to the end that the Kinred and Friends of the Defunct, might be the rather▪ Benefactors to that House. Which design being made known to those who attended the Corps, they armedIbid. 45. b. themselves, and with their Swords drawn, ridingIbid. 45. b. about it, broughtIbid. 45. b. it safe to Walden. And, having so done, they sentIbid. 〈◊〉 & 20. a Monk of that House to the Countess, to acquaint her therewith; whom he foundIbid. 〈◊〉 & 20. with Alice de Essex her Sister, very sorrowful for the loss of her Son; and discontented towards them, for thus preventing his Interment at Chicksand. Moreover, in order to his Funeral, which the Monks resolved to solemnise with all due honor; the Prior roseIbid. n. 30. in the night and wentIbid. n. 30. to Hadham, and thence broughtIbid. n. 30. back with him Gilbert Foliot, Bishop of London; as also the Abbots of S. Edmunds-Bury, and Tiltey, with many other eminent persons. Which Bishop celebratingIbid. n. 30. the Mass, they buried the Corps in the midst of the Quire, giving plentiful entertainmentIbid. n. 40. to all, and large Alms to the Poor, which came thither in great numbers; though the Monks had nothing given them, exceptingIbid. n. 40. his best Horse and Arms; for all the furniture of his Chappel being takenIbid. n. 40. away by the Countess • his Mother) the best part thereof was carriedIbid. n. 40. to Chicksand.

The death of this last mentioned Earl, hapned Ibid. 44 • . n. 40. upon the twelfth Kalends of November, An. 1167. (14 Hen. 2.)

To whom succeeded William William. his Brother, and Heir. Which William, the same year, paidRot. Pip. 14 Hen. 2. Essex & He • . • ord. Ninety seven marks four shillings five pence for his Knights Fees De Veteri Feoffamento, upon collection of the Aid assessed in 12 Hen. 2. for marrying the Kings Daughter. And in 19 Hen. 2. attended 〈◊〉 1086. • . 20. the King into France, being 〈◊〉 1086. • . 20. one of the Generals of his Army there. He was also about the same time withIbid. 108 • . n. 50. & 1089. him in the Treaty at G • sorz, for composing the differences which then were betwixt King Henry, and his Sons; King Lewes then meetingIbid. 108 • . n. 50. & 1089. there for that purpose: And in a skirmishR. 〈◊〉 . 306 b. n. 50. betwixt the English and French near to that place, took prisonerR. 〈◊〉 . 306 b. n. 50. the Castellan of True. About this time likewise he gave OathIbid. 304 b. n. 30. on the part of King Henry, for performance of those Covenants which were made betwixt him and the Earl of Savoy. And in An. 1175. (21 Hen. 2.) was oneIbid. 313 b. on the Witnesses to that Agreement, made at Windsore, in the Octaves of S. Michael, betwixt King Henry the Second, and Rodrick King of Conach.

Moreover, in An. 1177. (23 Hen. 2.) he wentMat. Paris. 133. n. 10. to Ierusalem, with Philip Earl of Flanders; and, in order to that journey, came Gerv. • orob. 14 • 5. n. 60. to Canterbury, on Thursday before Easter, there to take leave of S. Thomas; hopingGerv. • orob. 14 • 5. n. 60. to act some great matters against the Pagans: To which end, associating 〈…〉 to themselves divers of the Knights Hospitalars and Templars, they besieged 〈…〉 Harany. a Castle belonging to those Infidels, and in 25 Hen. 2. 8. Id. Oct. returnedRad. de 〈◊〉 602. n. 〈◊〉 .. In which pilgrimage thither, as he had in remembrance Rad. de 〈◊〉 602. n. 〈◊〉 . many of the English Altars; so, in his return he did great reverenceRad. de 〈◊〉 602. n. 〈◊〉 . to those Cloaths, which at Constantinople are called Imperial; distributingRad. de 〈◊〉 602. n. 〈◊〉 . them in his passage to sundry Religious places.

Another account of this his pilgrimage, I shall here also add.

This Earl William, saithMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 451 b. n 60. & 452 a. my Author, being a person of a sharp Wit, prudent in Council, and a stout Soldier; somewhat like to his Brother Geffrey in stature, favor, and comportment, did not much verse himself in England, amongst his own relations; but spent his youthful time, for the most part, with Philip, Earl of Flanders, from whom he received the honor of Knighthood; yet, when he heard of his Brothers death, he soon returned hither, bringing from that Earl, Letters of Recommendation to King Henry, by whom he was received with great respect; and requiring Livery of his Inheritance, had it readily granted to him: Whereupon he was also girt with the Sword of the Earldom of Essex having likewise possession of all things else, the custody of the Tower of London only excepted.

After which, having visited his Mother, he cameIbid. n. 10. to Walden, and there prayed at his Brother Geffreys Tomb; but, casting an austere Ibid. n. 10. look towards the Prior and Monks, and mixing Ibid. n. 10. some kind of threats with his promises, he extortedIbid. n. 10. from them the great Horse and Arms, which were his Brothers, and whatsoever else they had for his Sepulture; giving them nothing at all, but upbraidingIbid. n. 10. them with the Chucrhes which his Father had bestowed on them, saying, Ibid. n. 10. That he had not reserved one to gratifie his own Chaplains. Howbeit, whenIbid. n. 40. & 50. he was ready for his Pilgrimage to Ierusalem, the Prior of Walden obtainedIbid. n. 40. & 50. so much favor from him, as to accept of a Chaplain of his recommendation; promisingIbid. 452. n. 10 & 20. That he should partake of his own Table. Whereupon having receivedIbid. 452. n. 10 & 20. the benediction of Gilbert, Bishop of London, Roger, the Prior, accompaniedIbid. 452. n. 10 & 20. him. But when they came into Italy, consideringIbid. 452. n. 10 & 20. the age and weakness of the Prior, and that he was not signed with the Cross, he sentIbid. 452. n. 10 & 20. him away to Pope Alexander, and wentIbid. 452. n. 10 & 20. himself on towards the Holy Land.

And uponIbid. n. 30. & 40. his return into England (being much mortified by this his pilgrimage) he sent Ibid. n. 30. & 40. divers rich Cloaths to those Churches, which were within his Fee, to make Vestments and Ornaments for their Altars; and to the Monks of Walden, gaveIbid. n. 30 & 40. one of very rare work; having likewise (before he began his journey) sentIbid. n. 30 & 40. them one, with diver Silk-cloaths and Hangings of Tapistry for the beautifying of their Church. And, at length, coming in person to Walden, was there receivedIbid. n. 50. by the whole Covent with solemn Procession, all of them singing Ibid. n. 50., with one heart and voice, Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini. After which, ascending Ibid. n. 50. to the High Alter, and there receiving formal BenedictionIbid. n. 50. from the Prior, he offeredIbid. n. 50. divers precious Relicks; some of which, he had acquired Ibid. n. 50. in the Holy Land, and others fromIbid. n. 50. the Emperor of Constantinople, and the Earl of Flanders: Then, standing 〈…〉 before the Altar, the Prior began 〈…〉 the Himn of Te Deum Landamus. Which being ended, he went 〈…〉 into the Chapter-House, and saluted all the Monks; and thence into the Abbey, where he was feasted 〈…〉 honorably.

As to what is else most observable of him, I shall here take notice thereof, in order of time.

In An. 1180. (26 Hen. 2.) this Earl William, beingMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 772 b. • 5, 27, 45. Rad. de Dic • to, 609. n. 20. highly in the Kings favor, and very rich, took to WifeMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 772 b. • 5, 27, 45. Rad. de Dic • to, 609. n. 20. Hadewise, the sole Daughter and Heir to William le Grosse, Earl of Albemarle; and hadMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 772 b. • 5, 27, 45. Rad. de Dic • to, 609. n. 20. with her, by the Kings gift, the County of Albemarle, antientlyMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 772 b. • 5, 27. 45. Rad. de Dic • to, 609. n. 20. assigned to guard the Borders of Normandy: The marriage being solemnisedIbid. n. 40. at his Castle of Plessey in Essex, on the ninth Calends of February; whereupon he was madeDomitian A. 8. in Bibl. Cotton. 46 a. Earl of Albemarie After this, scil. in An. 1182. (28 Hen. 2.) he was sentR. Hoved. 351 b. n. 40. Ambassador to the Emperor Frederick the Second, to qualifie his wrath towards Henry, Duke of Saxony. And in An. 1188. (33 H. 2.) again attendedIbid. 367 b. n. 30. King Henry into France, where he skirmished valiantly with William des Barres, Dreu de Merlou, and other stout Soldiers of that Realm. About the same time also he burntIbid. 367 b. n. 30. the Town of St. Clere, belonging to the King of France; and laid wastIbid. 367 b. n. 30. a pleasant Garden, which the King himself had newly caused to be made.

Moreover, at the Coronation of King Richard the First, he carriedIbid. 374 a. n. 40. & Jorval. 1158. n. 40. the great Crown of Gold, adorned with precious Stones, of extraordinary value. He was also one of the three Earls, which, with two Barons, were sentChron. MS. Joh. Castor Monachi. Wes • m. to King Philip of France, in his Parliament held at St. Dionis, to sollicite his assistance in recovery of the Holy Land: And upon the going of King Richard thither, wasR. Hoved. 375 b. n. 20. in a General Council held at Pipwel (in Com. Northampt.) joyned in that great Office of Justice of England with Hugh de Pusac, Bishop of Durham.

Being a person cheifly disposedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 453 a. n. 10. to Military imployments, he spentMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 453 a. n. 10. his time, for the most part, in Normandy, where he had the custody Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 453 a. n. 10. of divers Forts and Castles for King Henry. Whence, he was sentIbid. n. 40. Ambassador into Flanders. And to his second Wife marriedRegist. de • inham in Bibl. Cotton. Christian, Daughter to Robert Lord Fitz-Walter, who after his death, was weddedRegist. de • inham in Bibl. Cotton. to Reymund de Burgh.

I now come to his Works of Piety.

To the Knights Hospitalers he gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 510 b. n 50. & 544 a. n. 10. his Lordship of Chippenham, exceptingMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 510 b. n 50. & 544 a. n. 10. the Church, which belonged to the Monks of Walden; and those Lands belonging to the Nuns of Chicksand, within the precincts thereof. As alsoIbid. 542 a. n. 10. five Bucks yearly to be received betwixt the Feast of the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist and S. Michael; and five Does, betwixt the Feast of S. Michael, and Lent, out of his Park at Enfield.

To the Monks of Westminster, he gave Ex Autogr. in Bibl. Cotton. the Church of Sabrihteswrde in pure Alms; to the Monks of Reading, certain LandsMon. Anglic. Vol 1. 418 b. n. 40. in Ketenden; to the Nuns of Clarkenwell One hundred shillings RentIbid. 430 a. n. 40. out of his Mannor of Edelmeton; as alsoIbid. 433 a. l. 9. the Rents of his improved Lands in Hethle. To the Monks of Colne, he confirmedMon Anglic. Vol. 2. 878 b. n. 10. two parts of the Tithes of all his Demesns in Roings, formerly given to them by Alberic de Vere his Grand-father: And was the sole FounderIbid. 319 b. n. 40. of the Monastery at Stoneley in Com. Huntendon.

And after all this, comingMon. Anglic. Vol. • . 453 a. n. 50. to the Garrison of Rullivale in Normandy, he there took an InventoryMon. Anglic. Vol. • . 453 a. n. 50. of his Plate and Goods. Which done (ere long) he declaredIbid. 453 b. n. 10. & 460 a. n. 10 & 20. his Testament; whereby he gave to the Monks of Walden, the one half of his Lordship of Walden, with his Mill, and a little Park there, and the services of his Tenants; as alsoIbid. 453 a. n. 20. all the Vestments, Books, Chalices, Vessels, and other Ornaments belonging to his Chappel, with his great Horse; likewise,Ibid. 453 a. n. 20. three marks of Gold, one hundred pounds in Silver, and a Cup of Gold. And then drawingIbid. n. 40. near his end, having received Ibid. n. 40. the Sacrament of Extream Vnction, and the Body of our Lord, he calledIbid. n. 40. together his Kinred and Servants; and gave them chargeIbid. n. 40. (with his hands lifted up on high) to convey his Body to Walden in England, there to be buried. But Henry de Vere, his Kinsman, standing by, told himIbid. n. 50 & 60., That the difficulty of the passage was such, that it could not be done. To whom he repliedIbid. n. 50 & 60., If you cannot, it is, because you have no mind to effect, what I, a dying man, desire; then take my Heart, and carry it thither.

Soon after which, departingR. Hoved. 376 a. n. 20. this life at Roan (in Normandy) viz. 18 Cal. Decemb. An. 1190. (2 Rich. 1.) withoutMon. Anglic Vol. 1. 454 a. n. 10 & 20 issue, his Body wasMon. Anglic Vol. 1. 454 a. n. 10 & 20 sent to the Abbey of Mortimer in Normandy, with much Gold and Silver; and there Mon. Anglic Vol. 1. 454 a. n. 10 & 20 interred in the Chapter-house; and his Heart to Walden (according to his desire) and buried Mon. Anglic Vol. 1. 454 a. n. 10 & 20 in the Chapter-house of that Monastery.

This last mentioned Earl William had a Sister Ibid. 905 b. l. 4. called Alice, marriedIbid. 905 b. l. 4. to Iohn de Lacy, Constable of Chester, and Lord of Halton: She was also calledIbid. 906 b. l 20. Alice de Vere. But it seems she was his Sister by the half Blood; for certainIbid. 454 a. n. 30. it is, that Beatrix his Ant, viz. his Fathers Sister, Wife of William de Say, became his Heir; of which Beatrix, and her Descendants, I shall speak in due place.

Mandevill of Mershwood.

A Branch of this Family was the same William William. de Mandevill (I presume) who, in 3 Ioh. gaveRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Somerset. & Dorset. a Fine of one hundred marks, to have a Tryal in the Kings Court upon that Sute, which his Father began against Henry de Tilly, for the Honor of Merthwood in Com. Dorset. But, with conditionRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Somerset. & Dorset., that in case he should recover it, then to give five hundred marks.

Which Barony Robert de Mandevill Robert. (Son to the same William, as it is like) didClaus. 7 Joh. m 13. recover: For in 13 Ioh. he accountedRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Dors. & Somerset. to the King One hundred eighty three pounds six shillings eight pence, five Palfreys, and three Norway Goshawks for it.

This Robert in 2 Hen. 3. withRot. Pip. 2 Hen. 3. Wilts. Robert Manduit, and William Cumin, uponRot. Pip. 2 Hen. 3. Wilts. Collection of the first Scutage of that King, paidRot. Pip. 2 Hen. 3. Wilts. two marks for one Knights Fee in Funtell (in Com. Wilts.) formerly belonging to Gerard Gifford. Which Barony of Funtell was resignedClaus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 2. up to King Iohn by Andrew Gifford (who possessedClaus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 2. it by Hereditary Right) with the consentClaus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 2. of him the said Robert de Mandevill, Robert Manduit, William Cumin, and William de Fontains, the right Heirs thereto, retainingClaus. 4 Hen. 3. m. 2. only the Vavassories. And in 38 Hen. 3. uponRot. Pip. 38 Hen. 3. Dorset. & Somerset. collection of the Aid, for making the Kings eldest Son Knight, paid 29 l. Rot. Pip. 38 Hen. 3. Dorset. & Somerset. for fourteen Knights Fees an half and fourth part, belonging to the Honor of Mershwood. But in 48 Hen. 3. this Robert (for I presume it to be him) wasPat 49 Hen. 3. m. 3. in the Battle of Lewes, with the Rebellious Barons against the King. Howbeit, in 49 Hen. 3. by the MediationPat 49 Hen. 3. m. 3. of Philip Basset (who had been Justice of England about three years before) he obtained pardonPat 49 Hen. 3. m. 3. for that transgression.

Having seen no more of this Robert, I come to Geffrey de Mandevill (his Brother I suppose, for he was his contemporary.) This Geffrey Geffrey. in 17 Ioh. wasClaus. 17 Joh. m. 25. Pat. 17 Joh. m. 12. in Arms against the King; whereupon his Mannors of Perresfield and Maple Durham in Com. Southamp. were seisedClaus. 17 Joh. m. 25. Pat. 17 Joh. m. 12., and first Claus. 17 Joh. m. 25. Pat. 17 Joh. m. 12. given to Savaric de Maleleone, but within few Moneths afterClaus. ut supra, m 17., to Roger la Zusche. Moreover, in 18 Ioh. he was in the number of those who were specially excommunicatedMat. Paris, 277. l. 24 & 53. by the Pope for that transgression. This Geffrey heldEsc. 4 Ed. 1. n. 48. Somerset. & 〈◊〉 . the Lordships of Merthwood and Eddicote in Com. Dor • et. of the King in capite by Barony, and the Service of two Knights in the Kings Army; and soldEsc. 4 Ed. 1. n. 48. Somerset. & 〈◊〉 . them unto Iohn Gervase and his Heirs, reservingEsc. 4 Ed. 1. n. 48. Somerset. & 〈◊〉 . twenty pound per annum Rent. And in 42 Hen. 3. amongst others (for I suppose it to be him) was summonedClaus. 42 H 3. m. 11. to be at Chester, on Monday next ensuing the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, to oppose the hostilities of the Welsh. But afterwards beingEsc. 49 H. 3. ut. Inquis. • e Reb •• bus, &c. in Arms with the Barons, he soldEsc. 49 H. 3. ut Inquis. • e Rebe •• bus, &c. his Mannor of Sutton in Com. Wilts. unto Dru de Barentine, to acquit him of his Debts to the Iews, and died in 49 Hen. 3. or before: Whereupon the said Dru de Barentine gaveEsc. 4 Ed. 1. n. 48. ut supra. that Lordship to Iohn de Mandevill (Son to him the said Geffrey) in Frank-marriage, with Agnes his Daughter. Which Iohn Iohn. in 53 Hen. 3. doing his homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 53 H. 3. m. 5. of the Lands whereof his Father died seised; and left issue Esc. ut supra. by the same Agnes, one sole Daughter and Heir calledEsc. ut supra. Ioane.

Clare.

THe first of this great and noble Family, that setled in this Realm, was Richard, Richard, the eldestW Gem •• ▪ 247 D. Son of Gislebert, sirnamed Crispin, Earl of Brion in Normandy; Son W Gem •• 247 D. of Geffrey, Natural Son to Richard, the first of that name Duke of Normandy.

This Richard Fitz-Gilbert, beingOrd. 〈◊〉 493 B. one of the principal Persons, who came into England with William, Duke of Normandy, and gave great assistanceOrd. 〈◊〉 493 B. to him in that memorable Battle, whereby he obtained the Crown of this Realm; had for that service, and in respect of his near alliance to him in Blood, great advancementIbid. 〈◊〉 C. in honor, and large possessions, both in Normandy and England bestowedIbid. 〈◊〉 C. on him. The first place of his residence being at Benfield, in the East part of Northamptonshire, as I guess; for in An. 1073. (6 Wil. Conq.) he is called 〈…〉 Richardus de Benefacta; being then joyned with 〈…〉 William de Warren in the exercise of that great Office of Justice of England; with whom, in 9 Wil. Conq. he was 〈…〉 also in Arms, and acted valiantly against Roger, Earl of Hereford; and Ralph, Earl of Norfolk, then in Rebellion, (as in my Discourse of the said William de Warren, is shewed.) But afterwards, viz. at the time of the General Survey (which was towards the later end of the Conquerors Reign) he is called 〈…〉 Ricardus de Tonebruge, from his seat at Tonebruge, in Kent, which Town and Castle he obtained 〈…〉 from the Archbishop of Canterbury, in lieu 〈…〉 of the Castle of Brion, they being measured 〈…〉 out to him by the same extent as Brion did contain: at which time he possessed 〈…〉 thirty eight Lordships in Surrey, thirty five in Essex, three in Cambridgeshire, Hallinge and Bermeling in Kent, Herefelde in Middlesex, Sudtune in Wiltshire, Levestone in Devonshire; as also ninety five in Suffolk (besides thirteen Burgages in Ipswich) whereof Clare was one; whence he was likewise sometimes called 〈…〉 Ricardus de Clare.

This Richard, with Rohese his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 to Walter Giffard Earl of Buckingham, gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of Bec in Normandy, two Churches at Ernembi, in England, and the Tithes of all their Demesnes.

Upon the death of the Conqueror (favoring the Title of Robert Curthose, as it seemes) he rebelled 〈…〉 against W. Rufus; but when that K. appeared with his Army before his Castle of Tone • ruge, he submitted 〈…〉 . After which adhering to Rufus in ann. 1091. (5 W. Rufi) against 〈…〉 Curthose (who had then besieged the Castle of Curcei in Normandy) he was taken 〈…〉 prisoner. But thenceforth all that I have seen of him, is; that shortly after the death of King Henry the first, being possessed 〈…〉 of that part of South-Wales, called Cardiganshire, and marching 〈…〉 towards Abergavenni, through a woody tract, called th • ill way of Coed-gro •• , (leaving the Abby of Lanthony on his left hand,) he was encountered 〈…〉 by Iorwerth, Brother to Morgan of Caerleon, who lay in Ambush in the Woods; and being there unhappily slain 〈…〉 , was buried 〈…〉 at S. Neots in Huntendonshire (a Cell to the Abby of Bec) and that he left issue by her (the same Roh • is) five Sons; viz. 〈…〉 Gilbert, Roger, Walter, Richard, and Robert.

Which Roger possessed 〈…〉 his Lands in Normandy, and adhered 〈…〉 to Robert Curthose in ann. 1080. in his Rebellious courses, against the King his Father: and, upon the marriage of Maude, Daughter to King Henry the first, unto Henry the Emperor, attended 〈…〉 her to Almaine, with a noble Retinue. This Roger (called also Rogerus de Benefacta) being 〈…〉 in Anno 1119. with King Henry the first in Normandy, when some others disswaded 〈…〉 him from Battle with Lewes King of France, was one of those who encouraged 〈…〉 him thereto; and behaving 〈…〉 himself valiantly in that fight, shared 〈…〉 with him in the glory of a succesfull Victory. But, dying without 〈…〉 issue, Gilbert his Nephew 〈…〉 (viz. Son to his Brother Gilbert) enjoyed 〈…〉 his Lands.

The third Brother was Walter 〈…〉 ; who having Licence 〈…〉 from the King (as his Father had before) to enjoy what he could conquer in Wales, possessed 〈…〉 all Nether-Went, and died without issue.

The fourth Richard, a Monk 〈…〉 of Bec, in Normandy; and afterwards the last Abbot 〈…〉 of Ely.

The fifth Robert 〈…〉 , who took to Wife 〈…〉 Maud the Daughter of Simon St. Liz, Earl of Huntendon.

He had 〈…〉 Two Daughters; the one married 〈…〉 to Ralph de Telgers.

Touching Rohais the Wife of this Richard, and mother of these Children before mentioned, I shall observe; that, in the Conquerors Survey, she is recorded 〈…〉 to have then been the owner of Stanelowe, in Com. Herlf. and Ernulfesburie (now called S. Neots) in Com. Hunt. and that in Anno 1113 (13 Henr. 1.) she gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 369. a. • bid. n. 10. Ernulfesburie, to the Monks of Bec, for the health of the Soul of King Henry he first and Q. Maude; as also for the Soul of K. William the Conqueror, and Maude his Wife: And moreover, that she was after married 〈…〉 to Eudo Dapifer.

But I return to Gilbert, Gilbert, 1. the eldest of those bebefore mentioned five Brethren.

This Gilbert possessing,W. Gemet, 313. D. his Fathers Lands in England, resided at T • nebruge, as it seems being thence surnamedOrd. Vit. 703. D.. In that Rebellion of Robert de Moubray, Earl of ••• rthumberland, (raised in the North of England, 6 W. Rufi) this Gilbert, though then with 〈◊〉 King, was (as it seems) a confederateIbid. with that Earl: but at length when he discerned • he King in danger by an Ambuscado laid in a Wood, his heart relenting, he besoughtIbid. pardon and prevented Ibid. the Mischief. In 12 W. Rufi, takingIbid. 763. B. part with Robert Earl of Moriton, the • in Rebellion, he fortifiedIbid. 763. B. Tonebruge; but after a short time, lostIbid. 763. B. it. Moreover he gaveMon Ang. 10 • 7. n. 30. & 40. to the Monks of Bec in Normandy, the Church of S. Iohn Baptist at Clare. in Comitat. Suff. with those seven Prebendaries thereunto belonging, which had been there instituted, in the time of King Edward the Confessor, to be disposed of to their sole and proper benefit, as they should fall void: and likewise bestowedMon Ang. 10 • 7. n. 30. & 40. on them, divers Lands, Churches, Woods, and Tithes, lying in the Counties of Norfolk, and Suffolk, for the health of the Souls of his Father and Mother; and for the Soul of his Brother Godfrey, whose body lay interred in the Church-Yard, there.

To the Monks of Thorney, in Com. Cantabr. he made a confirmationIbid. 246. a. of certain Lands in Luffewyk, whereunto were WitnessesIbid. 246. a., Walter, Hervy, and Baldwin his Sons; as also Rohais his Daughter.

To the Monks of Lewes in Suffer, heRegist. d • Lewes. gave twenty shillings per annum Rent, out of the Toll of Tonebruge, for eight days preceding the Feast of S. Pancrace. And in Anno 1111. (12 H. 1.) gaveMon: Ang. Vol. 1. 118 a. n. 20. to the Monks of Gloucester, the Land and Church of S. Patern, in Wales, lying betwixt the Division of the Sea and two Waters; and half of the great fishing there: as alsoMon: Ang. Vol. 1. 118 a. n. 20. the Tithes of all things belonging to his Lordship and Castle of Penwedich.

By Adeliza Ibid. 248. a. n. 30. DaughterW. Gemet, 312. C. • to the Earl of Cleremont, he had issue four Sons; first, Richard W. Gemet, 312. C. • who succeeded him in his Lands and Honors; secondly Gilbert; thirdly Walter, founderMon. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 724. 53. & 65. of the Abby of Tinterne, in Wales, who dyedIbid. l 67. without issue; and Baldwyn Gesta R. Steph. 931. B.; of whom all I have seen is, that he gaveMon. Ang. Vo • . 2. 953. a. n. 40. to the Monks of Bec in Normandy, a Lordship called Pullet, lying near Sap, in that Dukedom; as alsoMon. Ang. Vo • . 2. 953. a. n. 40. certain Lands in Neoville, with the Tithes of his Mills there; and likewiseMon. Ang. Vo • . 2. 953. a. n. 40. the Church of Boise-Ranulph, then calling himself Baldwinus de Clare, filius Comitis Gisleberti. Moreover that he gave 〈…〉 to the Nunns of S. Amand, at Roan, the Church of Moles, with the Tithes thereunto belonging: And that he had 〈…〉 three Sons, William, Robert, and Richard. He had also a Daughter called Margaret, 〈…〉 who was the Wife 〈…〉 of ... Montfichet. This Alice de Cleremont gave 〈…〉 to the Knights Hospitallars the Preceptorie of Me • cheburne, with the Churches there. Likewise, the Churches of 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 ; as also certain Lands and Woods in Shar • ebroke.

I now come to Gilbert his second Son.

This Gilbert having of • en made sute 〈…〉 to King Henry the first, to be • ow on him some Lands in Wales; the King at length discerning the Welch to be un • uiet 〈…〉 amongst themselves, and that they h • d made 〈…〉 great depredations upon each other; about the tenth Year of his Reign, sent 〈…〉 • or him, and made him an offer 〈…〉 of all the • ands of Cadogan • ap Blethyn, in case he could • in them. Of which joyfully accepting he raised 〈…〉 all the power he could, and landing i • Cardiganshire, brought that whole Countrey in a short time to subjection 〈…〉 ; where soo • after, he built 〈…〉 two Castles; one towards North Wales, upon the River Ystwith, (at the Sea-shore about a mile from 〈◊〉 ,) and the other towards Dyver, upon the River Te • vi, at a place called Dyngerant, where Roger de Montgomeri Earl of Shrewsbury, had beforetime began to fortifie.

After this, Scil. in ann. 1113. (14 Hen. 1.) at the intigation 〈…〉 of some, who thirsted after the • ands of the Welch; and upon complaint 〈…〉 of divers Roberies, and Spoiles committed by those people, King Henry the first raised 〈…〉 an Army, threatning to destroy all 〈◊〉 -Wales, and 〈◊〉 -Land, and committed 〈…〉 the Van thereof to the conduct of this Gilbert: possessing 〈…〉 therefore all 〈◊〉 -went, with the whole dominion 〈…〉 of 〈◊〉 (now 〈◊〉 ) and the one half of • run, in Wales; and likewise all the Lands of Roger, and Walter two of his Uncles, who died withoutW Gemet, 312. C. issue; he was made 〈…〉 Earl of 〈◊〉 by King Stephen, in Ann. 1138. (3 Steph.) Howbeit, notwithstanding this Favor, he broke out in rebellion 〈…〉 against that King: because 〈…〉 he refused to let him have those Castles of Gilbert de Clare, his Nephew, then in Armes with the Earl of Chester, on the behalf of Maude the Empresse.

This Earl Gilbert bestowed 〈…〉 on the Knights Templars the Church of Weston (in Comitat. Bedf.) as also 〈…〉 Lands of ten pounds per annum value, within the precinct of that mannor; whereon they built 〈…〉 a Town called Baudac, much inriched by several purchases 〈…〉 ; as also divers priviledges 〈…〉 obtained from the King: all which were afterwards confirmed 〈…〉 by William Marshall Earl of Pembroke, his hereditary successor in his Lands and Honors.

But farther I cannot say of him, than that he took to wifeW Ge • et, 312 D. Elizabeth the Sister of Waler in Earl of Mel • ent, and departingMon. Ang. Vol. 1. • 25. a n. 10 this life in Anno 1148. (14 Steph.) had sepultureMon. Ang. Vol. 1. • 25. a n. 10 in the Abby of Cynterne, leaving, issue Richard W. Gemet, 312. D. surnamed Str • ngbow MS. Oxon. in Bibl. Bodl. [Digh • . 11] 171. a. Richard. Strongbow. his Son and Heir; and Baldwin a younger Son; who fightingOrd. Vit. 92 • . • . C. stoutly on the part of King Stephen in the Battle of Lincoln (6 Steph.) was there takenOrd. Vit. 92 • . • . C. prisoner.

Which Richard was one of the Witnesses 〈…〉 to that solemne accord made in anno 1153 (18 Steph.) betwixt the King and Henry Duke of Normandy; whereby Henry was to succeed in the Dominion of this Realm, after King Stephens decease: and in anno 1170 (16 Hen. 2.) bearingMS. in bibl. 〈◊〉 [Dig • 1. 11] 17 •• . then the title of Earl of Striguil, (by reason of his chief residence there, though his Earldom was of Pembroke) being stripped MS. in bibl. 〈◊〉 [Dig • 1. 11] 17 •• . of his Paternal Inheritance, by King Henry the second, he invadedMS. in bibl. 〈◊〉 [Dig • 1. 11] 17 •• . Ireland and wonMS. in bibl. 〈◊〉 [Dig • 1. 11] 17 •• . Waterford, and Dublyn.

Soon after which (scil. 17 Hen. 2.) the King (thenHist. 〈◊〉 Joh. 〈…〉 Bibl Bo • . V. 4. 4. Jur 〈◊〉 . 19 cap. 103. at Argentoigne, in ...) consulting Hist. 〈◊〉 Joh. 〈…〉 Bibl Bo • . V. 4. 4. Jur 〈◊〉 . 19 cap. 103. with the Nobles about an Expedition into that Realm, certain Messengers from this Earl being present; offeredHist. 〈◊〉 Joh. 〈…〉 Bibl Bo • . V. 4. 4. Jur 〈◊〉 . 19 cap. 103. from him those Cities of • ublyn, and Waterford, and all the Castles which he there had after the death of Dermutius King of Dublyn, whose Daughter and Heir he had marriedHist. 〈◊〉 Joh. 〈…〉 Bibl Bo • . V. 4. 4. Jur 〈◊〉 . 19 cap. 103. wherewith the King was so well pleased; that he restoredIbid. & Domitia • A. 8. in bibl. C •• ton. f. 87. a. unto him all his Lands both in England, and Normandy, (of which he had been so stripped) and freely grantedIbid. & Domitia • A. 8. in bibl. C •• ton. f. 87. a., that he should fully enjoy all those in Ireland, which he had with his Wife; constituting him ConstableIbid. & Domitia • A. 8. in bibl. C •• ton. f. 87. a. (viz. Governor) of that Realm: and thereupon passing thither, subduedIbid. & Domitia • A. 8. in bibl. C •• ton. f. 87. a. it wholly without any considerable resistance.

But this Story being otherwise told by the Monk of Iorevauix, I shall • here adde his relation Jo • eval 1069. n. 40. 50. & 60.; The Realm of Ireland (saith he) being miserably opprest with Warr, by the many Kings there, who banded against each other; one of them sent his Son into England, to procure Souldiers thence for his aid. Which Souldiers, for the hope of Gain, giving him assistance; were so well recompenced, as that they rather chose to stay there then return into England. But after a short time, the stoutest people of Ireland, being much offended with that King for getting aid from England, the English already fixed in Ireland, sent for many more from hence, to strengthen their party; and because they had no cheif they made choice of this Earl Richard (a stout and valiant man) to be their Captain; who, yeilding to their request, rigging a good Fleet, prepared for the journey. Whereupon there were some, who in the Kings behalf, endeavored to restrain them: Howbeit getting on Shipboard, and landing safe, he assaultedIbid. 10 •• ▪ Dublin, and tookIbid. 10 •• ▪ it, the tidings whereof so terrified those that lived afar off, that they were contentIbid. & n. 10. & 20. to be at peace with him; and to confirm what he had got, gaveIbid. & n. 10. & 20. him in marriage ... a Daughter of one of the Kings, with whom he had in dower a great part of that Realm. Whereat the King of England, growing much displeased; as well for that he had not only, without his consent, but forbidden, made so great an attempt; seised Ibid. & n. 10. & 20. upon all his patrimony here; prohibiting Ibid. that he should have no farther aid; and threatningIbid. him otherwise very sore, compelled him so to such a compliance, as that he gotIbid. Dublin from him, and all the principal places he had won; requiringIbid. him to be content with the rest, and his patrimony in England; soon after raising a great Army sayledIbid. thither himself.

Another reports it thusGerv. Dorobern. 1419. & 1420. Vid. sis etiam Antiq Hibern. per Jac. Wa •• um p. 232.; that, this Earl Richard, Nephew to Hervy de Mont-Maurice, having incurred King Henry's displeasure three years before, in so great a measure, as that he could not obtain any reconciliation, nor enjoy what rightly was his own; procured licence to be gone; and taking with him some few Souldiers, came into Ireland to his Uncle Hervy: and finding it a Countrey spacious and fruitful, but void of husbandry, began to pillage those half naked and silly people; Also by little and little, gaining a considerable part of the land, lying towards the Sea-coast, at length he took Dublin (the cheif City) and by means thereof more infested all the rest of those parts; which so irritated the Natives, that they sent to the King of England for ayd against him; promising Obedience, in case he would protect them. Richard therefore fearing that King Henry would take that he had thus got, sent Agents to him, with offer to hold it of him, in case he might be permitted to enjoy it.

To conclude, this Richard was constitutedR Hoved. 316. B. Justice of Ireland, by King Henry the second, and having foundedAntiq. Hibern. per Jac. War • um Eqaur. p. 144. the Priory of 〈◊〉 , in the Province of Lemster, for Knights Hospitalars, died untimelyRad. de Diceto col. 5 • 0. upon the Nones of April, Anno 1176 (22 Henr. 2.) and was buried in the Chapter-house at Gloucester, as may seem by this InscriptionLel. Itiner. Vol. 3. f. 17 • . on the Wall there; Hic Iacet Ricardus Strongbow, filius Gilberti Comitis de 〈◊〉 . Leaving issue, as some Rad. de Diceto col. 590. say, one Son, scarce three years old, to be his Heir.

But by others it is reportedEx Fragm. Hist. Hiber • . in bibl. Cotton. that, being by Treachery abused and wounded, he departed this life the fifth year after his acquisition of the Province of Lemster; viz. 21 Henr. 2. as also that he was buried at Dublin, leaving issue one only Daughter, called Isabel, who remained in Ward to the King for the space of fourteen years; and then was given in marriage to William Marshal, who thereupon became Earl of Pembroke, as also Lord of 〈◊〉 , together with the whole Province of Lemster, and all the inheritance of the same Richard Strongbow,

I now return to Richard, Richard, 2. Uncle of this Richard Strongbow, and eldest Son to Gilbe • re de Tonebrigge.

This Richard in Anno. 1124 (24 Henr. 1.) translatedM • n. Angl. Vol. 1. 10 •• . n. 60. the Monks out of his Castle at Clare into the Church of St. Augustine at Stoke; and bestowedIb. 1008. a. n. 40. on them a little Wood, called Stoke • ho, likewise every year a DoeIb. 1008. b. out of his Parke at Hunedene. Likewise he commandedIbid. l. 11. that all his Barons and other Tenants should permit them to dispose of their respective Tithes how they pleased; and gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 1006. b. n. 30. them the Church of Coveham, in exchange for that of Denham: As alsoMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 104. a. n. 50. the Ermitage at Standune. On the Knights Templars he bestowed Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 530. b. n. 40. a certain Rent issuing out of • aidoche, in Comitat. Bedf. And foundedMon. Angl. Vol. 2. p. 258. a. n 30. the Priory of Conebrigge in Kent.

This is he, who first hadMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 104. a. n. 50. the title of Earl of Hertford: and being one of those, who by power of the Sword entred Wa • e • ; thereGista R. Steph. 930. C. planted himself, and became LordGista R. Steph. 930. C. of vast Teritories, as also of divers Castles in those parts; Moreover, growing thereupon ambitious, and requiringIbid. & • . greater matters of the King then he could obtain, he broke out in Rebellion, and marchedIbid. & • . thither: where being entrappedIbid. & • . by the Welch he was unhappily slainIbid. & • .; leaving issue by ... his Wife, Sister 〈…〉 to Ranulph the second Earl of Chester, three Sons, Gilbert 〈…〉 , Roger 〈…〉 , and ... 〈…〉 , and a Daughter, called Alice, Wife 〈…〉 of Cadwalader ap Griffith, ap Conan, Prince of North Wales.

This Gilbert who had also the title 〈…〉 of Earl of Clare▪ gave to the Monks of Lira in Normandy, the Church of • edeham; to 〈…〉 the Monks of Stoke-Cl • re, in Comitat. Suff. the Church of • ures. To 〈…〉 the Monks of Lewes in Su • sex, the Church of Tonebruge; and 〈…〉 to the Knights Hospitalars the Church of Staundone, in Hertfordshire. And in Anno 1145. (8 Steph.) was an Hostage 〈…〉 for his Uncle Ranulph Earl of Chester. Moreover, continuing unfaithful to that King, he was at length taken Prisoner 〈…〉 , and so kept for a long time, till 〈…〉 he had delivered up all his strong Holds. After which, scil. in ann. 1151. he died 〈…〉 without issue, and was buried 〈…〉 in that Cell at • are, which Gilbert his Grandfather had given to the Monks of Bec in Normandy.

To which Gilbert succeeded Roger his Brother; who having likewise the Title 〈…〉 of Earl of 〈◊〉 , in 3. H. 2. came to the King, and desired 〈…〉 that he might have such Lands in Wales, as he could win. Whereunto the King assenting 〈…〉 he marched 〈…〉 with a great Army to Cardigan, and fortifying 〈…〉 divers Castles thereabouts. In 9 Hen. 2. this Roger, being summoned 〈…〉 to Westm • nster by Thomas Becket then Archbishop of Canterbury, to do him Homage for the Castle of Tonebruge; through the K. diswasion he refused 〈…〉 so to do; alledging 〈…〉 that it rather belonged to the King, as held by military service, than to the Archbishop.

In 10 Hen. 2. he was 〈…〉 one of the Earles present at the Kings recognition of the antient Customes and Liberties, confirmed by his Ancestors.

This Earl Roger in 12 Hen. 2. upon levying the aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, certified 〈…〉 his Knights fees to be one hundred forty nine.

Touching his works of piety, certain it is, that they were many▪ for it appears, that he gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of S. Augustine in Canterbury, a Stagg every year out of his Forest of Tonebrugge. To 〈…〉 the Monks of Lewes, the Church of Blechingley. To 〈…〉 the Canons of Lanthony, the one moity of the Church of Berny •• tone, for the maintenance of thirteen Lepers.

To 〈…〉 the 〈◊〉 of S. Neots (a Cell to Bec in Normandy) the Church of Berton.

To 〈…〉 the Knights Templars the Churches of Stradmurik, and Trestrahio, with an hundred acres of Land, and three Burgages in Cardigan.

To 〈…〉 the Knights Hospitalars, the Mannor of 〈◊〉 , with the whole Soke▪ and Church of that Town: as also 〈…〉 his 〈◊〉 at Staundone, situate Northwards from the Gate: and likewise 〈…〉 the Church of Ha • lo, and Mill of • oucestre, with certain Lands. And acquitted 〈…〉 the Canons of Sulby (in Com. North • mp.) of all manner of Toll, for whatsoever they might buy or sell in his Market of Rowel.

He marriedIbid. 884 b. n 20. Maud, the Daughter of Iames de S. Hillary. Which Maud, for the health of the Soul of the said Earl her Husband, gaveIbid. 884 b. n 20. to the Nuns of Godstow, a mark of Silver. She likewise gaveIbid. 546. n. 30. to the Nuns of Buckland, in yearly Rent of Thirteen shillings four pence to be paid out of the Preceptory of Kercbroke. Which PreceptoryIbid. 546. n. 30., with the ChurchIbid. 508 a. n. 10. of Kercbroke, and two Yard Land in Durcote; and likewiseIbid. 547 a. n. 30., the Mannor of Greenham, she gave Ibid. 547 a. n. 30. to the Knights Hospitalars. And surviving him, marriedMS. in Bibl. Cotton. Dominan A. 8. f. 92 b. to William de Albiny, Earl of Arundel.

To this la • t Earl Roger, who diedJoh. Tinemu • h. M. S. in Bibl. Bodl. lib. 19. c. 103. in An. 1173. (19 Hen. 2.) succeeded Richard his Son and Heir. Which Richard in 20 Hen. 2.Richard 3. when Rad. de Diceto, 578. n. 20. young Henry (whom the King had crowned in his own life time) began to rebel, upon suspition Rad. de Diceto, 578. n. 20. of his Fidelity, cameRad. de Diceto, 578. n. 20. in to his aid, and approved himself a Loyal Subject: And upon Collection of the Scutage of Wales, in 2 Ric. 1. answered 〈…〉 Sixty pounds seventeen shillings eleven pence. In 6 Rich. 1. he was 〈…〉 with the King in Normandy, in that expedition then made thither.

And in 7 Rich. 1. gave 〈…〉 One thousand pounds to the King for Livery of the Lands of his Mothers Inheritance, with his proportion of those, sometime belonging to Earl Gifford; deducting 〈…〉 for so much, as his Mother and the Earl of Arundel had passed away. Whereupon he obtained a Joynt-grant 〈…〉 , together with William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, of all those Lands, both in England and Normandy, of which, he was to have the head or cheif Seat in England; and William Mareschal and Isabel his Wife (Daughter and Heir to Richard, Earl of Strigul) the head or cheif Seat in Normandy; all the residue, both in England and Normandy, to be equally divided betwixt them.

This Richard had to Wife 〈…〉 Amicia, Daughter 〈…〉 to the Earl of Glocester, and at length sole 〈…〉 Heir to all that Earldom. Which Amicia Founded 〈…〉 the Hospital at Sadbury in Com. Suff. and was likewise a Benefactoress to the Monks of Stoke-Clare, by the Grant 〈…〉 of certain Lands in Stoke-Clare unto them: By whom he had issue Gilbert, his Son and Heir, and a Daughter called Rose 〈…〉 , who became the Wife of Roger de Moubray; and departing 〈…〉 this life in An. 1206. (8 Ioh.) was buried 〈…〉 at Clare.

Which Gilbert, being the first 〈…〉 Earl of Glocester and Herford, joyntly, in 12 Ioh. or near thereabouts, fortified 〈…〉 the Castle of Bueith in Wales, where, not long before, he had lost 〈…〉 many of his Men.

Being one of the cheif 〈…〉 of those Barons, who put themselves in Arms against King Iohn, in 17 Ioh. and forced 〈…〉 him to submit to their own will, in sundry things, extorting 〈…〉 the City of London totally into their own power, by special Covenant 〈…〉 ; and that all things should be guided 〈…〉 by twenty five chosen from amongst themselves, whereof he was one; he underwent the sentence of Excommunication 〈…〉 from Pope Innocent the Third. And in 1 Hen. 3. adhering 〈…〉 to Lewes of France (to whom the Rebellious Barons had then designed the Dominion of this Realm) he fought 〈…〉 stoutly on his part in the Battle of Lincoln, where his party received an utter overthrow; and being there taken prisoner Ibid. by William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, was carried to safe custodyIbid. at Glocester; but after this, Peace being setled, he marriedIbid. Isabel, one of the Daughters, and at length Coheirs to that Earl.

In 7 Hen. 3. he wasClaus. 7 Hen. 3. m 5. in dorso. in that expedition then made into Wales, and by reason thereof had ScutageClaus. 7 Hen. 3. m 5. in dorso. of all his Tenants by Military Service, in Comit. Bedf. Buck. Dorset. Oxon. Berks. Wigorn. Linc. Northampt. Southampt. Kent. Norf. Suff. Hartf. Essex. Cantabr. Hunt. Devon. Somerset. & Gloc.

In 11 Hen. 3. he gave a FineRot. Pip. 11 Hen. 3. Gloc. Rot. Fin. • 1 Hen. 3. m. 12. of Two thousand marks to the King, for License to marry his eldest Daughter to Baldwin, Son of Baldwin de Rivers, Son of William de Rivers, Earl of Devon▪ And to haveRot. Pip. 11 Hen. 3. Gloc. Rot. Fin. • 1 Hen. 3. m. 12. two hundred pounds per annum Lands, in custody, of the Lands of that Earl, until the said Baldwin should be of full age. In that year he joynedMat Paris, in Anno 1227. p. 337. n. 30. with divers other of the Barons, on the behalf of Richard, Earl of Cornwal, from whom the King had injuriously taken the Castle of Berkhamstead; as alsoMat Paris, in Anno 1227. p. 337. n. 30. in that Minatory Message, which they then sent to the King, for ratifying his Charter sealed to them at Oxford.

But more I cannot say of him, than that he gaveMon Anglic. Vol. 1. 156 a. n. 50. Lel. Itin. Vol. 6. 449. to the Monks at Tewksbury, his Wood called 〈◊〉 , lying by Severn side, with his Body to be buried in the midst of their Quire; and that he diedMon Anglic. Vol. 1. 156 a. n. 50. Lel. Itin. Vol. 6. 449. at Penros in Britanny, An. 1229. (14 Hen. 3.) being then upon his return from those parts, leaving issue by Isabel his WifeLel. Itin. Vol. 6. 85. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 227. n. 60, the third Daughter and Coheir to William Mareschal, the elder, Earl of Pembroke, three SonsMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 156 a. n. 30., Richard, William, and Gilbert; as also three Daughters, viz. Amicia Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 790 b. n. 10., the Wife of Baldwin, the fourth Earl of Devon; Agnes Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 156 a. n. 30.; and Isabel Cart. 29 H. 3. m 7 in cedula., Wife of Robert de Brus; and was buried in the Abbey of Tewksbury. Which Isabel surviving him; within the space of one year after his decease, tookMat. Paris, in An 1231. p. 368. n 20. to Husband Richard. Earl of Cornwal, Brother to King Henry the Third. And in An. 1239. 18 Kal. Febr. dyingIbid. in An. 1240. p. 523. n. 30. in Childbed at his Mannor of Ber • hamtead, was buriedIbid. in An. 1240. p. 523. n. 30. in the Abbey of B • aulieu.

I come now to Richard, Richard, 4. Son and Heir to this last Earl Gilbert, the Guardiauship of whose Lands, and Honors, in respect of his minority, was committedMat. Paris, p. 367. n. 40. to Hubert de Bargh, then Justice of England. But in 19 Hen. 3. in consideration Rot. Pip. 19 Hen. 3. Suss. Pat 1 • H. 3 m. 13. of five hundred marks given to the King, Gilbert Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, obtained the custody ofRot. Pip. 19 Hen. 3. Suss. Pat 1 • H. 3. m. 13. the Honor of Glamorgan in Wales.

In 21 Hen. 3. the King had a designPat. 2 • H. 3. m. 1. to have matched this Richard unto one of the Daughters of the Earl of March (a Poictovin) thereby to have drawn that Earl the firmerPat. 2 • H. 3. m. 1. to his party; but failing therein, he grantedPat. 2 • H. 3. m. 1. the benefit of his marriage unto Iohn de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, and Constable of Chester, for the behoof of his eldest Daughter; in confideration whereof, that Earl gavePat. 2 • H. 3. m. 1. the King five thousand marks, and remittedPat. 2 • H. 3. m. 1. to him a debt of two thousand marks more: But before this marriage was accomplished, he clandestinely contractedMat. Paris, in Anno 1237. p. 437. n. 10. Matrimony with Margaret, the Daughter of that great Man Hubert de Burgh, then Earl of Kent; Hubert and his Wife (as it was saidMat. Paris, in Anno 1237. p. 437. n. 10.) privily making the match. Whereat the King, being highly displeased Mat. Paris, in Anno 1237. p. 437. n. 10., did all he could to procure their Divorce; purposingIbid. to dispose of him, with his Earldom, and Honor, to William de Valence, his near Kinsman. Whereof Hubert being questioned, he stoutly deniedIbid. his knowledge thereof, and pacified the King for the present, with promise Ibid. of Money; but the business was not so ended, for about Candlemass, the next ensuing year, the King marriedM. West. in Anno • 238. Pat. 22. H. 3. m. 10. him to Maud, the Daughter of the before specified Earl of Lincoln, as he had formerly designed; whereupon he endowedM. West. in Anno • 238. Pat. 22. H. 3. m. 10. her with the third part of all his Lands, which occasioned great discontentMat. Westm. ut supra. from most of the Nobles.

After which, ere long, viz. in An. 1240. (24 Hen. 3.) upon the tenth Kalends of Iune, this Earl took leaveM. West. in Anno. 1240. of his Friends, and began M. West. in Anno. 1240. his journey towards the Holy Land, with divers other great Men. In which voyage, after an honorable receptionM. West. in Anno. 1240. by the King of France, and supplyM. West. in Ann. 1240. of all necessaries; he wasM. West. in Anno. 1240. by that King conducted to Marsiels; where he took shippingM. West. in Anno. 1240., notwithstanding the Popes prohibition.

In 28 Hen. 3. joyningMat. Paris, in eodem, An. p. 638. n. 10. with the Earl of Hereford, and other of the Lords Marchers, he had many BattlesMat. Paris, in eodem, An. p. 638. n. 10. with the Welsh; who, having gotten much strength, made great War in those parts.

In 29 Hen. 3. upon collection of the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, he paidRot. Pip. • 9 H 3. Gloc. two hundred sixty one pounds ten shillings, for two hundred sixty one Knights Fees and an half, which he held; besidesRot. Pip. • 9 H 3. Gloc. those in Kent, which were twelve and an half; as alsoRot. Pip. • 9 H. 3. Buck. & Bedf. forty three pounds for forty three Knights Fees, for the moity of the Honor of Giffard: And in 38 Hen. 3. double as much, upon collectionRot. Pip. 38 H 3. Gloc. of the Aid for making the Kings eldest Son Knight, the Scutage, then levied, being according to that proportion: In which year, upon Whitsunday, (the King celebrating that Festival at London) made him a KnightMat. Paris, in Anno 1245. p. 6 • 8., together with fortyMat. Paris, in Anno 1245. p. 6 • 8. more brave young Soldiers, for the greater honor of that solemnity.

In 30 Hen. 3. he was one of those Peers, who subscribedMat. Paris, in An. 1246. p 700. n. 50. a Letter, then sent to the Pope, complaining of his oppressions; and threatning to remedy the same, if speedy redress were not had. In 32 Hen. 3. there shouldIbid. in An. 1247. p. 733. n. 30. have been a great Tourneament held betwixt Dunstable and Luiton, between this Earl and Guy de Lusignian (Son to the Earl of March, half Brother to the King) but the King fearing mischeif thereby to his Brother, and the Poictovins, his Friends, prohibitedIbid. in An. 1247. p. 733. n. 30. it; and for the same Reasons forbad Ibid. p. 740. n. 20. another Tourneament, which by Proclamation was to have been at Northampton soon after.

In 32 Hen. 3. this Earl first broughtVon Anglic. Vol. 1. p. 535. into England the Fryers-Augustines; and gaveCart. 32 H 3. m. 1. to William his Brother, the Inheritance of the Mannors of Maplederham and Petersfield in Com. Southampt. As also of Walsingham, Warham, and Wells, in Com. Norf. In 33 Hen. 3. in that great Tourneament held at Brackley in Com. Northampt. he joynedMat. Paris, in Anno 1249. p. 768. n. 50. with the Aliens against the English, which wasMat. Paris, in Anno 1249. p. 768. n. 50. much to his dishonor.

In 34 Hen. 3. he travelled 〈…〉 beyond Sea with Richard, Earl of Cornwal, and others, and went 〈…〉 to the Pope at Lions, whence he returned 〈…〉 about Rogation week. In An. 1251. (35 Hen. 3.) at theMS. in Bibl. Bo •• l. (Med. 20.) f. 112. b. solemn Inthronisation of Boniface, Archbishop of Canterb • ry, this Earl, with a noble attendance, exercisedMS. in Bibl. Bo •• . (Med. 20.) f. 112. b. the Office of Steward and Boteler.

In 37 Hen. 3. the King bearingMat. Paris, in Anno 1253. p. 862 & 863 Cart. 39 H. 3. • . 1. per Insp •• . a great • avor to those Aliens who were allied unto him by his Mother, and studyingMat. Paris, in Anno 1253. p. 862 & 863 Cart. 39 H. 3. • . 1. per Insp •• . their advancement, by all the ways he could; observingMat. Paris, in Anno 1253. p. 862 & 863 Cart. 39 H. 3. • . 1. per Insp •• . the Son and Heir of this Earl, to be a gallant young Man, and of extraordinary hopes, designed to match him with Alice Mat. Paris, in Anno 1253. p. 862 & 863 Cart. 39 H. 3. • . 1. per Insp •• ., the Daughter of Guy, Earl of Angolesme, (his Brother by the Mother) offering Mat. Paris, in Anno 1253. p. 862 & 863 Cart. 39 H. 3. • . 1. per Insp •• . to give five thousand marks for her portion. Whereunto consent being had, he soon after went out of England, with William de Valence (the Kings Half-Brother) to consummateMat. Paris, in Anno 1253. p. 862 & 863 Cart. 39 H. 3. • . 1. per Insp •• . the marriage.

In 39 Hen. 3. this Earl was sentMat. Paris, in An. 1255. p. 908. n. 30. & 40. by the King into Scotland, (together with Iohn Mansel the Kings Secretary) on the behalf of the King of Scots, and the Queen, (Sister to King Henry) then kept in restraint within the Castle of Edenborough; and behaved himself so subtilly, that leavingIbid. his attendants at a distance, he gotIbid. into the Castle, without any opposition; whereby, surprising the Guard, he gave liberty of entranceIbid. to his followers; so that the King and Queen were soon relieved and rescued.

In 40 Hen. 3. he was one of the cheif persons presentM. Wes • m. in An. 1256. in Westminster-Hall with the King, when Boniface, Archbishop of Canterbury, with divers other Bishops, pronounced that solemn Curse, with Candles lighted, against all those, who should thenceforth violate the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forest; and the same year paidRot. Pip. 40. H. 3. 〈◊〉 a debt of six hundred and forty marks due to the King, for the Dowry of Eleanor the Kings Sister, for the Lands which belonged to the Earl Marshal of Ireland; id est, Her proportion as the fifth of the intire Heirs of those Lands, for that year and the preceding years at eighty pounds per annum.

In 41 Hen. 3. the great Men of Almain, disdaining Mat. Paris, in An •• 1257 p. 941. the pride of the French, and thereupon making choiceMat. Paris, in An •• 1257 p. 941. of Richard, Earl of Cornwal (the Kings Brother) to be King of the Romans; this Earl was sentMat. Paris, in An •• 1257 p. 941. over thither (together with Iohn Marshal) to try their affections, who found Mat. Paris, in An •• 1257 p. 941. all according to their desires. In this year likewise, upon an Insurrection of the Welsh; the King preparing a great power, this Earl was madeClaus. 〈◊〉 3. in 〈…〉 6. Commander in cheif of all the Forces in the Counties of Glamorgan, and Pembroke, and other parts of South Wales.

In 42 Hen. 3. he had poysonMat. Paris, in 〈◊〉 1258. • . 975. n. 〈◊〉 & p. 〈◊〉 H. 〈…〉 given him, with William his Brother, by Walter de Scotenay, his cheif Counsellor; whereby he hardly escaped with life, his Hair and Nails going off, and his Brother dyingIbid. 〈…〉 1259. thereof. In the same year, the Welsh continuing still in hostility, he received SummonsClaus. 42 H. 3. 〈…〉 11. to fit himself with Horse and Arms, and all the strength he could make, to attend the King at Chester, upon Monday preceding the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist.

In 43 Hen. 3. in the interval of Parliament, upon 〈…〉 consulation had touching certain wholesome Laws to be had; there hapning 〈…〉 opprobrious language betwixt this Earl and Simon Montfort Earl of Leicester; the Earl of Leicester thereupon, in great rage • ailed 〈…〉 into France; but by the Mediation 〈…〉 of the Earl of Hereford, and other of the Nobles, there was a fair reconciliationIbid. made again between them.

Shortly after this, he was imployedMat. Paris, in An. 1259. p. 986. n. 10. (with some other of the Nobles) by the appointment of the King, and the whole Baronage of England, unto the Parliament of France, to carry King Henry the Thirds Resignation of Normandy, and to compose all Differences betwixt both Crowns; and upon his return, made Relation M. Westm. in codem. An. to the King in Parliament of what he had in charge from the French by the Articles, whereon they had treated.

About this time also he had LicensePat. 43 H. 3. m. 13. to fortifie the Isle of Portland, and to imbattle it as a Castle.

In 44 Hen. 3. he had the like LicensePat. 44 H. 3. m. 13., to make Castles of his Houses at Manhal in Essex, and Southwaud in Suffolk.

In the same year, uponMat. Paris, in Anno. 1260. p. 990. n. 20. dislike of the Kings favors to the Poictovins, he was one of those great Men, who cameMat. Paris, in Anno. 1260. p. 990. n. 20. in an hostile manner to Oxford▪ pretending to reform what was amiss in the Government.

It is reportedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 288. of this Earl, that being at Tewksbury, in 45 Hen. 3. and hearing that a Iew who had faln into a Jakes upon the Saturday, refused to be pulled out, for the reverence he bore to that day, being their Sabbath; he prohibited any help to be afforded him on the Sunday (it being the Lords day) and that thereupon he perished.

About this time high discontentsMat. Paris, in Anno. 1259. p. 984. M. Westm. in Anno 1260. arising betwixt the King, and divers of the Nobles, whereof this Earl wasMat. Paris, in Anno. 1259. p. 98 • . M. Westm. in Anno 1260. a principal person, great mischeif and war ensued; but the end thereof, he lived not to see: For upon the fourteenth Kalends of Iuly, in An. 1262. (46 Hen. 3.) he diedLel. Itin. Vol. 6. p. 85. at Eschemerfield in Kent, and was buriedLel. Itin. Vol. 6. p. 85. in the Quire at Tewksbury, on the right hand of his Father, with this Epitaph; his Tomb being adorned by his Wife, with Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones.

Hic pudor Hippoliti, Paridis gena, sensus Vlissis, Aeneae pietas, Hectoris ira jacet.

It is said by someChron. de Dunstaple in Bibl. Cotton., that in the Moneth of Iuly, An. 1262. (46 Hen. 3.) he was poysoned at the Table of Peter de Savoy, the Queens Uncle, (a great Man in that time) and with him Baldwin, Earl of Devon; Ingelram de Percy, and some other of the Kings houshold. After whose death, Maud his Wife (Daughter of Iohn, Earl of Lincoln) in 47 Hen. 3. had an AssignationPat. 47 H. 3. m. 18. of the Castle and Mannor of Uske, the Mannor and Castle of Trilleck, and the Castle and Mannor of Clare, for her Dower.

To this last Earl Richard, succeeded Gilbert Gilbert 4. his Son and Heir, commonly called 〈…〉 the Red. Which Gilbert in An. 1253. (37 Hen. 3.) his Father then living, by the Kings procurement 〈…〉 (as hath been before observed) espoused 〈…〉 ... the Daughter to Guy, Earl of Angolesme, born in Poictou, and then of very tender years, she being Neece to the King; who gave 〈…〉 her five thousand marks portion. Soon after which, he went 〈…〉 beyond Sea with William de Valence, partly to compleat the marriage, and partly to shew his Military skill and valor, with the agility of his Horses in a Tourneament there held.

In 47 Hen. 3. (which was the year next following his Fathers death) doing his homage, he had LiveryPat. 47 H. 3. m. 5. of his Castles of Kacrdiff, 〈◊〉 , and Lantrissan; and soon after had the like LiveryPat. 48 H. • m. 3. of all his Castles, Mannors, and Lands, in England and Ireland, but, ere long, affociating himself with Simon Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and the rest of the mutinous Barons, he was one of the framersH. Knighton, 2436. n. 40 & 50. of those unreasonable Ordinances called Provisiones Oxonii, whereby they did, in effect, wholly devest the King of his Regal Power, which occasionedH. Knighton, 2436. n. 40 & 50. him soon after to Arm.

Moreover, after the defeat given to those Barons, by the Royal Army at Northampton, in 48 Hen. 3. he hastedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 321. to London, to stir up the Rebellious Citizens to their farther aid. And when they came to Lewes in Sussex, was there KnightedH Knighton, 2449. n. 40. by that insolent Montfort, Earl of 〈◊〉 , in the Head of their Army; of which, he (together with Iohn Fitz-Iohn and William de Montchensi) commandedMat. Paris, in An. 1269. p. 995. n. 40. the second Brigade. And having obtained such a victory there, as that the King and Prince were made their prisoners; and thereupon the full sway of the whole Realm in their power, he first procured a GrantPat. 48. H. 3. m. 11. under the great Seal, of all the Lands and Possessions, lying in England, of Iohn de Warren (Earl of Surrey) who had faithfully stuck to the King in that great time of tryal; excepting the Castles of • igate and Lewes; to hold during the Kings pleasure (id est, so long as he should be in their power;) and soon after that, was one of the cheif of those that extortedPat. 48 H. 3. m. 10. a Commission from the King; authorising Stephen, then Bishop of Chichester, Simon Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and himself, to nominate nine persons of the most faithful, prudent, and most studious of the Publick Weal (for so they then called them) as well Prelates, as other, to manage all things according to the Laws and Customs of the Realm, until those Determinations made at Lewes, and other, whereof they might better like, should be compleated.

But after their Victory that day, being slenderly Lel. Coll. Vol. 2. 378. rewarded by Montfort, Earl of Leicester, (who had the King and Prince in his custody) he grew highly discontentedLel. Coll. Vol. 2. 378.; and observingMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Med. 20. 130 • , b., that the Sons of Montfort, (who were four in number) grew insolent, he demandedMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Med. 20. 130 • , b. the cheif of those prisoners to be delivered to him, which he had taken in the Battle; amongst which, Richard, Earl of Cornwal, (the Kings Brother) was one: But Montfort refused, replyingMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Med. 20. 130 • , b., It was sufficient that he had preserved his own Lands by that days fight. Whereat he became so enragedIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265., as that he speedily sentIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. Thomas, his Brother, unto Roger de Mortimer, (who had always stoodIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. firm to the King) to have private Conference with him; who, fearing dangerIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265., refused to come without an hostage delivered for his safety. But when they met, relatingIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. to him his grief; and tellingIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. him, how much he repented himself of what he had done; assured Ibid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. him, that he would endeavor to expiate his crime; and thereupon sentIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. privily the same Thomas, his Brother, (Ibid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. one of Montforts cheif confidents, and withIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. him then at Hereford, where he held the King and Prince in restraint) and urgedIbid. Videsis • tiam Mat. Westm. in An. 1265. him, that he should use the utmost of his skill, in contrivance of the Princes escape. Which being soon after dexterouslyIbid. effected by Mortimer (as in my story of him I shall more fully relate) he metM. Westm. in An. 1265. him at Ludlow; and having lainH. Knighton, 2452. n. 20. privily at Bristol, and the parts thereabouts for a while, appeared the first in Arms with him; whereby such forces were presently raised, as that, within a very short time after, that King was rescued out of the hands of that Rebellious pack, by a glorious victoryM. Westm. ut supra. Prid. Non. Aug. An. 1265. over them, in the BattleM. Westm. ut supra. Prid. Non. Aug. An. 1265. of Evesham; wherein he commandedMS. in Bibl. Bodl. K. 84. Cant. 63 b. the second Brigade of the Royal Army. For which service, in the first place, he obtained his full pardonPat. 49 H. 3. m. 5. for all his former misdoings (wherein Thomas his Brother wasPat. 49 H. 3. m. 5. also involved) and soon after, the custodyIbid. m. 3. of the Castle of Bergavenny, during the minority of Maud, the Wife of Humphrey de Bohun.

Howbeit, in An. 1267. (51 Hen. 3.) some of the Nobility, who were discontented, betaking M. Westm. in Anno 1 • 67. themselves to the Isle of Ely, with endeavor to make head again: This Earl having raised a great Army, cameM. Westm. in Anno 1 • 67. to London, as though he intended to aid the King; but being got into the City, upon that fair pretence, summonedM. Westm. in Anno 1 • 67. the Tower wherein the Popes Legate then lay. The Legate therefore discerning the danger, went to Pauls; and there, to divert this dangerous storm, movedM. Westm. in Anno 1 • 67. the People for an expedition to the Holy Land; whereunto many inclined (and amongst othersH Knighton 2438. n. 30. Thomas de Clare, Brother to this Earl, who had been so instrumental in the Kings preservation.) Which Speech being ended by the Legate, he turned himself to this Earl, and conjuredM. Westm. ut supra. him to return to his due obedience. But this good counsel was not regarded at present; howbeit, the next ensuing year, he was Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 662. reconciled to the King; who, at the instance of Prince Edward, became so indulgent to him; as that, whereasPat. 52 H. 3. m. 10. by the Award of the Pope, he was to give his eldest Daughter in Hostage for three years; or else his Castle of Conebruge into the hands of Henry, the Kings Nephew, Son to Richard, King of Almaine, for security of his future peaceable demeanor: The King was contentPat. 52 H. 3. m. 10. to acquit him of all, and receive him into his full favor and grace. Whereupon he was signedLel Coll. Vol. 1. 662. with the Cross, at Northampton, for that expedition to the Holy Land, whereunto the Legate had excited many (as hath been already observed.)

Notwithstanding all which, there wasAnnal. S. Aug. Cantuar. no perfect reconciliation made betwixt him and the King, until the year 1270. (54 Hen. 3.) but then, demandingAnnal. S. Aug. Cantuar. from Prince Edward to be repaid his expences and costs, which he had sustained in the Battle of Evesham (wherein he had been so instrumental for the Kings restauration) with the Livery of all his Castles and Lands, which his Ancestors had enjoyed; he obtainedAnnal. S. Aug. Cantuar. performance therein, about the Feast of Pentecost next following; and thenceforth became so firm to the Royal Interest, as that, upon the death of King Henry, Prince Edward, being at that time in the Holy Land, he wasYpod. N. in A. 12 • 2. p 6 • . n. 20. M. Westm. in A. 1 • 72. one of the chief of the Nobles, who then met at the New Temple in London, and proclaimedYpod. N. in A. 12 • 2. p 6 • . n. 20. M. Westm. in A. 12 • 2. him King; causing him likewise, so to be declaredYpod. N. in A. 12 • 2. p 6 • . n. 20. M. Westm. in A. 12 • 2. throughout the whole Realm. Moreover, upon his arrival in England, he entertained 〈…〉 him with his whole retinue, most honorably, for many days, in his Castle of Tonebruge.

In 10 Edw. 1. Prince Edward summoning Rot. Mareschal. 10 Ed. 1. m. 5. the great Men, who were by tenure to do service in the War of Wales; he acknowledgedRot. Mareschal. 10 Ed. 1. m. 5. his part therein to be for ten Knights Fees; and was Rot. de Sontag. Wall. 10. Ed. 1. m. 4. there himself in person.

About this time he madeTho Walf in Anno 1283. p. 10. n. 30. great havock in Wales, near Lantilowhir; and had divers sharp encountersTho Walf in Anno 1283. p. 10. n. 30. with the Welsh, wherein many were slainTho Walf in Anno 1283. p. 10. n. 30. on both sides, but got the victory Tho Walf in Anno 1283. p. 10. n. 30. over them.

In 11 Edw. 1. he procured the Kings Charter Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 180. for a Fair yearly at his Mannor of Blechingley in Com. Surr. upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Feast of All-Saints.

In 13 Edw. 1. having been divorcedClaus. 13 Edw 1. in dorso m. 9. from Alice his Wife, called Alice de March (Daughter of Guy, Earl of Angolesme, as hath been already observed) taking considerationClaus. 13 Edw 1. in dorso m. 9. of her noble Birth, he freely grantedClaus. 13 Edw 1. in dorso m. 9. to her for her support, during life, the Mannor of • a • stead, with the Park; as alsoClaus. 13 Edw 1. in dorso m. 9. the Mannors of Wells and Warham, with eight pound eleven shillings eight pence Perquisites of the Court Leet, excepting Wreck of Sea; as also the Mannors of Wylton, Burford, and Spenhemlond.

In 14 Edw. 1. he obtained another Charter Cart. 14 E. 1. m. 9. for a Market every week upon the Wednesday, at his Mannor of Rosburgh, in the County of Kilkenny in Ireland; and a Fair upon the Eve and Day of the Invention of the Holy Cross, commonly called Holy Rood day.

In 17 Edw. 1. notwithstandingClaus. 17 Ed. 1. in dors • m. 5. the Kings Proclamation, that none should appear in Arms upon grievous forfeitures, nevertheless this Earl, with multitudes of Soldiers in an hostile manner invadedClaus. 17 Ed. 1. in dors • m. 5. the Earl of Herefords Lands of Breghenow, and there beganClaus. 17 Ed. 1. in dors • m. 5. to build a Castle, in disherison of that Earl, and terror to the people of those parts.

And being thus divorced from his Wife (as hath been observed) he became ambitious of marrying into the Royal Line, viz. With Ioane of Acres, Daughter to the King; in order whereunto he gaveClaus. 18 Ed. 1. m. 1. in ceduli. up the Inheritance of all his Castles and Mannors, as well in England as Wales, unto King Edward, to dispose of at his pleasure, viz. Of the Mannor of • orhwel in Com. Northamp. Sutho in Com. Huntingt. Brickhill, Stivecle, and Merlaw, in Com. Buck. Stanford in Com. Berks. Caversham in Com. Oxon. Desnyng and Southwold in Com. Suff. Walsingham, Winton, Brecham, and Cremp • ingham, in Com. Norf. Berdfield in Com. Essex. Staundon in Com. Hertf. Tillingden, Panteldolfe, Pecham, Andinges, and Shepstead, in Com. Kanc. Blechingley and Oakham in Com. Surr. • raneburne, with the Chase, as also Pimprey and Tarent-Gundevile in Com. Dorset. Likewise of all his Lands and Tenements in Uske, Kaerlion, Trilleik, and De la gaun, in Nether-Went, in Wales; together with all other the Lands which Sir Bartholmew de la More, and Richard de la More held for term of life, of the Honor of Uske and Kaerlion; which Grant bears date at Winchester, 20 April, the same year.

But because this Record doth not enumerate so many as the Fine Roll of that year doth, I shall here take notice of that Mandate 〈…〉 to the Sheriffs of the several Counties wherein his Lands lay, for seising them into the Kings hands, upon this Grant of his; in which they are inserted as followeth, viz. The Mannors of Thornbury and Tewskbury, with the Hamlets thereto belonging; Fareford, and the Chase of Cors, in Comit. Gloc. We • ecombe; Bedewyde, and the Hundred of • ynewardeston, in Comitat. Wilts. Tunbrigge, Elding, Handlow, Bradstead, Rochfeud, and • achehurst, in Com. Kanc. Subizes, Hunede, Desingham, and Wasingham, in Com. Norf. & Suff. Craneburne, with the Hundred and Chase of Craneburne, Tarent-Gundevill, Tarent-Russeals, Pimperne, with the Hundred of Pimperne; Warham, the Hundreds of Haselore and Rugheburgh, the Mannors of Wike and Portland; the Town of Weymue, and Eston juxta Bristol, in Com. Somers. & Dorset. The Mannors of Berdefeud, Clarette, and Staundone, in Com. Essex, & Hertf. With divers other Lands lying in the Counties of Surr. Suss. Nottingh. Derb. Oxon. Berks. Cantabr. & Hunt. Linc. Devon. Soutbampt. and Wigor • . not particularly named.

Whereupon the said Ioane being marriedEx Coll. R Gl. S. unto him, on the morrow preceding the Calends of May, the same year; the King restoredEx Coll. R Gl. S. to him all those Lands again, which he then entailedCart. 11 Ed. 1. n. 59., together with all other his Lands, Castles, and Lordships, both in England and Wales▪ as also to the issue of his Body by her the said Ioane; and in default thereof, to the Heirs and Assigns of her, in case she should happen to survive him. He then likewise entailedIbid. n. 60. all his Castle and Lordships in Ireland, upon himself and her, and the issue of their two Bodies lawfully begotten, with Remainder to his right Heirs.

About this time, there having been a Ditch Cart. 19 Ed. 1. n. 32. Ex ipso Autogr. pen • s Nich. Lechmore de Hanley in Com. Gloc. A • . cast up, by the appointment of this Earl, and his Lady, over the Crest of Malvern-Hills. Godfrey Giffard, then Bishop of Worcester, took exceptionCart. 19 Ed. 1. n. 32. Ex ipso Autogr. pen • s Nich. Lechmore de Hanley in Com. Gloc. A • . thereat, as incroaching too much upon his Territories; but, ere long, they came to a solemn accordCart. 19 Ed. 1. n. 32. Ex ipso Autogr. pen • s Nich. Lechmore de Hanley in Com. Gloc. A • ., touching the same, in the presence of Robert Burnel, Bishop of Bathe and Wells; whereupon the Bishop and his Successors, were to have a brace of fat Bucks yearly, to be delivered at his Mannor of Kemsey, upon the Eve of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin; and a brace of fat Does, yearly, upon Christmass Eve, out of Malvern-Chase: And in the Bishops absence, from that Mannor-house, those Bucks and Does to be delivered to the Prior and Chapter of Worcester. Which Agreement was made at Tewksbury, on Saturday preceding the Feast of S. Dunstan, 19 Edw. 1.

The next year following, there being a complaint 〈…〉 against this Earl, in the Parliament held at London, upon the morrow after the Feast of the Epiphany, by Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex; that he, and his Tenants of Morgannon, had by force and arms entered the Earl of Herefords Lands of Brecknock, and made great spoil there; the King assigned 〈…〉 William, Bishop of Ely, William de Valence (his Uncle) as also Iohn de Methingham, and Robert de Hertford, two of the Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, to enquire and determine thereof. Whereupon it being found, that this Earls Tenants for his Lands of Morgannon, had, with Banner displayed, invaded these Lands of Hrecknock, two miles beyond that place, where he had built a Castle, concerning which, the difference originally grew, and taken thence much plunder; and, at another time, had advanced five miles, and afterwards seven miles with Horse and Foot, and Colours displayed, and done the like mischeif. As also, that they had broke up Churches, taken away the Chalices, and Ornaments thereto belonging; slain many of the Earl of Herefords Tenants, and driven away multitudes of Cattle; and that, of all this, out Earl knew, having the third part of the plunder.

LikewiseIbid., that the Earl of Hereford, with the power of his Tenants, had done the like to him in his Lands of Morgannon; it was adjudged Ibid., That both those Earls should be committed to custody, and that the Earl of Glecesters Liberties in • organnon, should be forfeited; but because he had married Ioane, the Kings Daughter, by whom he had issue; and that by vertue of an Entail, &c. he had estate but for Term of Life therein, it was resolved Ibid., That they should be forfeited to the King only for Term of this Earls life; and that he should be remanded to prison, paying to the E. of Hereford One hundred pounds damage.

And on the other side, it was concludedIbid., That the Liberties of the Earl of Hereford, should for his offence, remain in the Kings hands, as forfeited for ever; and the said Earl of Hereford be remanded to prison.

But, by reason the King and his Council did not deem the Earl of Herefords offence so great, as was that of this Earl; and, because he had married the Queens Kinswoman, the King was pleased (at the Queens instance) that the forfeiture should only extendIbid. to his life, and that his Heirs might not be disherited. Howbeit, after this, being both of them committed to prison; this Earl paidIbid. to the King a fine of One thousand marks for an attonement, and the Earl of Hereford as much.

From which time I have not seen more of him; till his death, which hapnedLel Itin. Vol 6. f. 86. in the Castle of Monmouth, 7 Id. Dec. An. 1295. (24 Ed. 1.) And that he was buriedLel Itin. Vol 6. f. 86. in the Church of Tewksbury, on the left hand of his Father; leaving issueMS. in Bibl. Bodl. (Digh n. 1 • 0) 28 b. Ypod. N. in An. 1295. p. 79. n. 50., by Ioane of Acres, his Wife, Gilbert Gilbert 5. his Son and Heir, then fiveEsc 24 Ed. 1. n. 107. years of age, and three Daughters. Which Ioane surviving, and being in Frank-Marriage EnfeoffedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. of all the Lands belonging to both his Earldoms; soon matchedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. her self to a plain Esquire called Ralph de Monthermer, clandestinely, without the King her Fathers knowle • ge; whom afterwards she sentEx Coll. R. Gl. S. to her Father, to receive the honor of Knighthood. But when the King understood, that she had much debased her self in marrying so meanly; being highly incensed, he caused Ibid. all her Castles and Lands to be seised on, and sentIbid. her Husband Monthermer, to strait imprisonment in the CastleH. Knighton, 2500. n. 20. of Bristol. Nevertheless, at length, through the mediation of that great Prelate Anthony Beke, then Bishop of Durham, a reconciliationEx Coll. R Gl. S. ut supra. was made. After which, she residedEx Coll. R Gl. S. ut supra. at Marlborough, for a time; and the year following, in the Parliament begun at London, in the Moneth of Iuly, all her Lands, &c. were restoredEx Coll. R Gl. S. ut supra. to her; so likewise was her Husband, being afterwards belovedEx Coll. R Gl. S. ut supra. of the King, as his own Son, and had LiveryYpod. N. in An 25 E. • . p. 84 Tho Wals. p. 36. n. 40. of all the Lands belonging to this great Earldom; to hold by the service of fifty Knights Fees, in the War of Flanders. Whereupon also he had the titleYpod. N. in An 25 E. • . p. 84 Tho Wals. p. 36. n. 40. of Earl of Glocester.

This Ioane of Acres gaveE • Vet. Rot. pergam. penès Dec & Canon. Ecl • s Cath. 〈◊〉 Oxon. m. 4. • . to the Canons, in the Chapel of our Lady at Caversham, in Com. Oxon. for the health of her Soul, and the Soul of Gilbert de Clare, sometime Earl of Gloucester, and Hertford, her Husband, a certain piece of Land, within the inclosures of that Lordship, for enlarging the grounds which the King her Father had given them, near the same Chapel: and departing 〈…〉 this life in Ann. 1307. (1 Ed. 2.) was buried 〈…〉 in the Church of the Friers-Augustines, at Clare; the King her Brother and most of the Nobility of England, being at her Funeral.

And now before I proceed with my Story of these Earles, I must take leave to say something of Thomas de Clare, before mentioned, Brother to this last Earl Gilbert.

This Thomas was in such esteem with that great Rebel Montfort, and those other of the Barons, who had thus vanquished King Henry the third in the Battle of Lewes; that in April following, they made him GovernorPat. 49 H 3. m. 17. of S. Briavell's Castle, in Com. Glouc. But having done such good service, in order to the Kings deliverance (as hath been observed) he was in 50 Henr. 3. made ConstablePat. 50 H 3. m. • . of the Castle of Colchester.

In 51 Hen. 3. being signedM. Westm. in ann. 1267. H. Knighton. 2438. n. 30. with the Cross, he wentM. Westm. in ann. 1267. H. Knighton. 2438. n. 30. into the Holy Land; and in Anno 1271 55 (Hen. 3.) broughtM. Westm. in ann. 1271. four Saracens into England, whom he had taken Prisoners in those Holy-Wars. In 1 Edward. 1. he was constitutedClaus. 1 E. 1. m. 9. Governor of the City of London.

In 14 Edward. 1. he joined with Richard de Burgh Earl of Ulster, in that solemn compactEx ipso Autogr. penès Augustinum ••• ward de Lakyngheth, in Com Suff. ann. 1575., made betwixt them two, on the one part; and Patric Earl of Dunbar, together with his three Sons, Patric, Iohn, and Alexander; Walter Stuard Earl of Menteth, Alexander and Iohn his Sons; Robert Brus, Lords of Anandale, together with Robert Brus Earl of Carryk, and Bernard de Brus his Sons; Iames Stuard of Scotland, and Iohn his Brother; Enegusius Son of Donewald, and Alexander his Son; that they would thenceforth adhere to, and take part with one another, upon all occasions against all persons whatsoever; saving their allegiance to the King of England, and their fidelity to him, who should gain the Kingdom of Scotland, by right of Blood, from King Alexander then lately deceased. Which Agreement bears date at • urnebyr • e, in Carryk, on the Eve o • S. Matthew the Apostle, Anno 1286. (14 Edw. 1.) But the year next following, he diedEx Coll. R Gl. S. 4 Non. Septemb. Anno 1287. (15 Ed. 1.) and was buriedEx Coll. R Gl. S. at the Gray-Friers in Li • eric; Leaving issue a Son called Gilbert, who (with many other) receivedComp. J. de Drokene •• ord Custod mag •• Garderob • , 34 Edw. 1. the sacred ceremonies of Knighthood, in 34 Edw. • . when Edward the Kings Son, was honored with that dignity.

I now come to Gilbert, Son to the last Earl Gilbert, and Ioane of Acres. Though this Gilbert was in minority at the time of his Fathers death, and in Ward to the King; yet he made his address 〈…〉 to the Lords in Parliament, the next ensuing year, for the possession of all his Lands, Rents and Franchises lying in London, according to the Custom of that City; alledging them to be held in Socage. Whereupon it being required that the Mayor and Aldermen should come before them, and certifie the truth thereof; they accordingly did so; and affirmed it to be the custom, in case the Heir were of such age, as that he knew how to manage his Estate. And, it being likewise foundIbid., that then he was about eighteen years of age, and had discretion to govern himself, and what he had; it was resolved by that great Councel, that he should have Livery of them; as also of all Advowsons of Churches, within the Precincts of of that City, which had been seised into the Kings hands by reason of the death of Ioane, Mother of him the said Gilbert, wherein she had estate for term of life. So likewiseIbid. of all his Socage-Lands, lying in the Towns of Gloucester, Sandwich, and St. Edmundsbury, and wheresoever else in England. And as to the Mannor of Wexcombe, the Town of Bodwinde, and Hundred of Kinardeston, in Com. Wilts. the Hundred of Chadelington, in Com. Oxon. the Hundreds of Rishmore, Ha • elore, Craneburne, and Pymperne, in Com. Dorset. and the Mannor of Claret, in Comitat. Essex. which he also alledgedIbid. that his Father held of the King in Fee-ferme, and therefore that the King ought not to have the Custody of them; it was determinedIbid., that the Inquisitions returned into the Chancery; and likewise the Rolls and Memorials of the Exchequer, should be searched into, and right done in the premises.

This Gilbert notwithstanding that Ralph de Monthermer, who had thus married his Mother, did use the title of Earl of Gloucester, declined it not; for in that same thirty fifth year of Edward the first, he is so calledYpod N. p. 98. n. • 0. by our Historians, being then in the Wars of Scotland: and in 1 E. 2. had LiveryT. 〈◊〉 p. 68. n. 〈◊〉 . of his Lands; satisfactionT. 〈◊〉 p. 68. n. 〈◊〉 . being given to the King, for the time he was under age.

In which year he obtained the Kings Charter Cart. 〈◊〉 n. 16. for a Market on the Tuesday every Week at his Mannor of Tarent-Gundevill, in Comit. Dors. and a Fair on the Eve, day, and morrow after the Feast of St. Tecla the Virgin.

In 2 Edw. 2. he was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into Scotland; being 〈…〉 Captain-general of certain Noble persons, who were of his retinue at that time.

In 3 E. 2. the K. gave 〈…〉 him the Mannors of Faken-Hamden, Causton, and Ailesham, in Com. Norf. and Walham, in Suffolk, with the remainder to the Crown, in case of his death without issue. In 4 E. 2. being 〈…〉 again in the Warrs of Scotland, he was constituted Guardian 〈…〉 of the whole Realm of England, during the Kings abode in Scotland.

Upon Chalenge 〈…〉 made by the Peers in 5 E 2. for their antient rights and liberties; being Nephew 〈…〉 to the King, he became an indifferent 〈…〉 Mediator betwixt them. And in 7 Edw. 2. having been chiefly instrumental 〈…〉 in qualifying that great discontent, which the King bore towards divers of the Nobles, by reason of the murther of Piers de Gaveston (his spacial favorite) he was 〈…〉 one of the Kings Embassadors, then sent into France, to treat and conclude of certain points, to be agitated in the Parliament there in order to the Peace of both Realms. But being the same year Captain 〈…〉 of the Vantguard of King Edwards Host in Scotland, he had the hard • ate to be slain 〈…〉 in the Battle of Bannocksburne, near Strivelin. Whereupon his Body was sent 〈…〉 to King Edward, at Barwick (without any Ransom) to be buried where he should think fit. And leaving no issue, surviving (for 〈…〉 Iohn his Son dyed in his lifetime) his three Sisters became his Heirs 〈…〉 , viz. Alianore 〈…〉 the Wife of Hugh le Despencer, the younger, then twenty two years of age; Margaret 〈…〉 the wife of Piers de Gaveston twenty one (afterwards 〈…〉 of Hugh de Audley) and Elizabeth 〈…〉 the Wife of Iohn de Burgh, Son and Heir to the Earl of • ister (afterwards of Roger Damory.)

Betwixt which Sisters; after two years expectance of issue, to be born on the Body of Maude his Wife (Daughter 〈…〉 of Iohn de Burgh Son to Richard Earl of • ister) this great Inheritance was shared 〈…〉 .

It is said 〈…〉 by some, that the eldest of these three Daughters, first married to Theobald Verdon, and after to the Earl of • ister; the second to Hugh le Despencer; the third to Piers de Gaveston, and after to Hugh de Audley, who at last became Earl of • ioucester. Which Maude for her Dowry had an assignation 〈…〉 of the Mannor of 〈◊〉 and certain lands in Cavenham, in Comitat. Suff. the Mannor of Wells, and certain Lands in • arham, in Com. Norf. the Mannor and Burrough of Biech • ugley, the Mannor of • ckham, with certain Lands in •••• ngeoon, and Ticheseye, in Sucrey; the forrein Court of the Honor of Gloucester, and the Forein-Court of Warb • ynton in Kent; the Mannor of Caversham, with certain Lands in Bureford, Nerher- 〈◊〉 , and • eyford, at the Bridge; together with the Hundred of Chade •• ngton, in Com. Oxon. the Mannor of Stanford, in Com. Berks. the Mannors of Stoke-Archer, Fa • rford, Teuksbury Mannor, and Burrough; the Chase of Cors, and Forrein-Court of Wodeleystile, in Comit. Gloucest▪ the Mannor of Bisheley, the Castle and Mannor of Hanlegh, and Chase of 〈◊〉 , in Com. Wigorn. the Mannors of Wexcombe, and Kynewardeston, Burghbache-Sauvage, and Court-Leet in Smalebroke, in Comit. Wilts. the Mannor of Great-Merlaw, in Com. Buck. the Castle and Town of Kaerleon, with the Liberties; the Mannor of Kaerleon; the Mannors of Lysw • r • , and Lebennythe; certain Lands in Edlegan, and Little Tynterne, with the Liberties; the Town of • rillek, with the Liberties; the Mannor of Crove, with the Liberties; certain Lands in • amcarnan, Laydarch; and the Castle and Mannor of Craygruk, with the Liberties.

Ralph de Monthermer, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford.

OF this Ralph de Monthermer, who had the title of Earl of Glouceste • and Hertford, in regard 〈…〉 he possessed a great part of the Lands belonging to those Earldoms, by the marriage of Ioane of Acres, Mother to this last Earl Gilbert; I find that in 26 E. 1. he was 〈…〉 in that expedition, then made into Scotland, and behaved himself so valiantly in those Warrs; that in 29 Edw. 1. the King in consideration 〈…〉 thereof, rendred 〈…〉 to him and to her the said Ioane his Wife, the Castle and Honor of Tonebrugge, with other Lands, lying in the Counties of Kent, Surrey, and Sussex; asIbid. also the Isle of Portland, and all other the Lands belonging to her the said Ioane, which had beenIbid. seized into his hands, by reason of her transgression; (viz. her marrying to him without the Kings License) Likewise that in 31 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Scoc. 31. E. 1. m. • . again in the Scottish Warr. So also in 32Rot. Scoc. 32 E. 1. m. 2. and 34Rot Scoc. 34 E. 1. m. 3. Edward. 1. And that in the same 34 Edw. 1. whenChr MS. in bibl. Bodl. ut supra. f. 66 2. b. & 67. a. the King heard that Robert de Brus had caused himself to be solemnly Crowned King of Scotland, at Scone; and had thereupon raised Chr MS. in bibl. Bodl. ut supra. f. 66 2. b. & 67. a. a great Army to march into that Realm; making a large disposalChr MS. in bibl. Bodl. ut supra. f. 66 2. b. & 67. a. of the Estates and Honors of divers persons, who were friends and favorers of Brus, that (amongst others) he gave Chr MS. in bibl. Bodl. ut supra. f. 66 2. b. & 67. a. to this Ralph, all 〈◊〉 , and advanced Chr MS. in bibl. Bodl. ut supra. f. 66 2. b. & 67. a. him to the title of Earl of Atholl; giving Rot. Cart. 34 E. • . n. • . him also the Lands and Fees of all those, who held of the Earl of Atholl, then in Rebellion against him; soon after which, being active in those Scottish Warrs, he was worstedTh. Wals. p. 65. n. • 0 by Robert de Brus; and fleeingTh. Wals. p. 65. n. • 0 for safeguard to the Castle of Are, was there beseigedTh. Wals. p. 65. n. • 0 by him, tillTh. Wals. p. 65. n. • 0 King Edward sent his Army for his Rel • if.

But it was not long after this, that Ioane of Acres (the Kings Daughter) whom he had so married, departed this life (viz. in 1 Edw. 2.) after which time he never had the title of Earl of Gloucester and Hertford attributed to him, though he lived many years: for in 3 Edw. 2. in that grantClaus 6 Ed. 2. m. 14. per Inspex. Cart. 3. Ed. 2. n. 25., which he obtained to himself, and unto Thomas and Edward his Sons; and to the Heirs of the Body of the said Thomas (there called the Kings Nephews) of the Mannors of S • oke in H • mme, with the Burrough of Chedelington, and Hundred of Co • erigge, in Com. Devon. two parts of the Mannor of Oxford, and the Mannors of de la Sterte, and • yworth in the same County; the Mannors of Hunton, and Warblington, in Com. Southamp. Erlestoke, in Com. Wilts. (excepting certain Lands there, part of the Dowry of the Wife of Matthew Fitz-Iohn) he is called Ralph de Monthermer only: So also in that grantClaus. 7 F. 2▪ m. 27. of the forfeiture, which Ioane the Wife of Henry de Lacy Earl of Lincoin▪ made, in marrying to Nicholas de Audley, without License. Nor is he otherwise stiled in 5 Edw. 2. at which time, in recompence of his service in Scotland, the King gaveRot. Scoc. 5 E. 2. m. 18. him three hundred Marks, part of the six hundred Marks which he was to have paid for the Wardship of Iohn ap Adam (a great man of that age.)

Nor in 7 Edw. 2. being thenRot Scoc. 7 E. 2. m. 3. also in the Wars of Scotland. Where being takenT. Wals. in ann. 1313. p. 81. n. 10. Prisoner (viz. in the Battle of Bannoksburne near Strivelin) he found favorT. Wals. in ann. 1313. p. 81. n. 10., in regard of former accidental familiarity with the King of Scots, in the Court of England, and was pardonedT. Wals. in ann. 1313. p. 81. n. 10. his fine for Redemption: who thereupon returned into England, and broughtT. Wals. in ann. 1313. p. 81. n. 10. the Kings Target, which had been taken in that fight, but prohibitedT. Wals. in ann. 1313. p. 81. n. 10. the use thereof.

So that all I have farther seen of him, is; that, after the death of Ioane of Acres, he married Rot. fin 12 E 2 m 7. Isabel, the Widow of Iohn de Hastings (Sister and Coheir to Audomare de Valence, Earl of Pem • roke.) Likewise, that in 13 Ed. 2. he wasRot. Scoe. 13 • 2. m 3. again in the Warrs of Scotland: Moreover, that from 2 Edw. 2. till 18 Edw. 2. inclusive, he had Summons 〈…〉 to all the Parliaments of those times, as a Baron only. And lastly, that Thomas his Son (who never had any Summons) being slain 〈…〉 in a Sea-Fight, betwixt the English and the French, in Anno 1340. 14 Edw. 3. left issue 〈…〉 Margaret, his Daughter and Heir, Wife 〈…〉 of Iohn de Montacute; from whom the most of the succeeding Earles of Sal • sbury, of that name, did descend.

Fitz-Walter.

I Now come to Robert, Robert, 1 • the fifth Son of Richard de Tonebrugge, Son to Gilbert Earl of Brion (of which Richard and his descendants, I have already discourst in my last Section, under the title of Clare.)

This Robert standing highly in favor with King Henry the first (being his Steward 〈…〉 ) obtained 〈…〉 to himself and his Heirs, the Barony of Dunmow, in Ess • x; as also 〈…〉 the Honor of Baynards-Castle in the City of London, both which, in regard of Felony 〈…〉 committed by Will. Baynard, who then possessed them, became forfeited 〈…〉 to the Crown: And having married Ingu • ph. 513. n. 20. Maude de S. Liz, LadyMon. Augl. ut supra. n. 30. of Bradham (Daughter of Simon de S. Liz, the first Earl of • untendon, of that name) departedIbid n. 40. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 877. a. n. 60. this life in Anno 1134. (34 Hen. 1.) whereupon he had sepulture at S. Neots, in Comit. Hunt. near to the Grave of his Father: leaving issue two Sons, Walter the Elder; and Simon, to whom he gave Regist de Daventre. the Lordship of Daventre, in Northamptonshire.

Touching which Maude I finde that she gave forty shillings yearly Rent,Ibid. 675. b. n. 50. for Surplisses and Cowles for the Monks of Daventre, in Com. Northampt. as also 〈…〉 the third part of the Mannor of Cratsfeild, (which Mannor she had in Frank-marriage) to the Monks of 〈…〉 , and that she diedMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 75. b. n. 40. in ann. 1140. (5 Steph.)

To this last mentioned Robert succeeded Walter Walter, 1. his SonMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 75. b. n. 40. and Heir before-mentioned, who first took to Wife 〈…〉 Maude de Lucy, with whom he had 〈…〉 the Lordship of Disce, in Com. Norf. and afterwards 〈…〉 Margaret de Bohun.

In 12 Hen. 2. this Walter upon assessment of the Ayd for marrying the Kings Daughter, certified 〈…〉 his Knights Fees, to be in number sixty three and an half, de Veteri Feoffamento; and three and a fourth part, de Novo; for which Fees, de Veteri Feoffamento, he payd 〈…〉 42 l. 6 s. 8 d. in 14 Hen. 2. and 2 l. 3 s. 4 d. de Novo.

In 2 R. 1. upon Collection of the Scutage of Wales, he paidRot. Pip. 8 R 1 Essex & Hertf. thirty one pound fifteen shillings.

In that great controversie 〈…〉 betwixt Iohn Earl of Moreton (Brother to King Richard) and William de Longcamp Bishop of Ely, whom the King left Governor of the Realm, during his absence in the Holy-Land; this Walter adhered 〈…〉 to the Bishop; and had at that time the Custody 〈…〉 of the Castle of Eye in Suffolk.

In 6 R. 1. he was 〈…〉 in that expedition made into Normandy.

As to his works of Piety, I find; that he gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of Daventre the Church of Chedingtune, for the health of the Soul of Maud de Lucy, his first Wife, and for the good estate of himself, and Maude de Bohun, his second Wife: As alsoMon Ang. Vol. 1. 675. n. 20, 30, & 40. 3 Mills with divers acres of Land and Meadow, lying within the Lordship of Daventre, for the health of the Soul of Rob. his Father, Maude de S. Liz. his Mother, and all his Ancestors Souls; and likewise for the health of his own Soul, and the Soul of the same Maude de Lucy, his Wife, and his Sons and Daughters.

To the Monks of S. Neots, he gaveIbid. 369 • n 30. the Churches of Doe • tone, Welle, and Hene • ngham; and toMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 〈…〉 n. 20. the Knights Hospitalars, the Church of Wodeham. He also gaveIbid. 75. b. n. 40. to the Canons of Dunmow, divers Churches and lands; and departingIbid. n. 60. this life in an. 1198. (10 R. 1.) was buriedIbid. n. 60. in the midst of the Quire at Dunmow, leaving issue Robert Ibid. 75. his Son and Heir, calledIbid. 75. Robert Fitz-Walter, Robert, 2. who in 5 Ioh. being trustedM. Paris, 〈◊〉 an. 〈◊〉 p. 209. n. 10. (together with Saier de Quinci) to Keep the Castle of Ru • l, in France, delivered it up to the King of that Realm so soon as he came before it with his Army: And in 6 Ioh. paidOblat • 6 Joh m. 10. three hundred Marks for Livery of those Lands, which descended to him by Inheritance from Geffrey de Lucy Bishop of Winchester, his Uncle.

In 13 Ioh. upon assessment of the Scutage of Scotland, he was by the Kings special Writ acquittedRot. Pip. 13. 〈…〉 . for sixty three Knights Fees and an half, which were of his own proper Inheritance; and forRot. Pip. 13. 〈…〉 . thirty Knights Fees and a third part; which he had by Gunnora his Wife, the Daughter and Heir of Robert de Valoines; as alsoRot. Pip. 13. 〈…〉 for two Knights Fees, which descended unto her from Geffrey de Valoins, her Uncle.

In 14 Ioh. the Barons being 〈…〉 disposed for Rebellion; and the King advertised 〈…〉 of some Conspiracies then towards him; this Robert was one, who being sought 〈…〉 for to be secured; conscious of his own guilt, fled 〈…〉 with his Wife and Children into France. And though the next ensuing year, the King, apprehending Ibid. 〈…〉 p. 2 • 5. n. 20. his immediate danger, did condescend Ibid. 〈…〉 p. 2 • 5. n. 20. to an accord with those turbulent spirited Barons, whereof this Robert was one of the cheif: yet was it not long ere he laid to his chargeIbid. 〈…〉 p. 2 • 5. n. 20. both Treason and Rebellion, and causedIbid. 〈…〉 p. 2 • 5. n. 20. his House called Baynards-Castle, in the City of London, to be demolished.

The primary occasion of these discontents, is by some 〈…〉 thus reported; viz. that this Robert Fitz-Walter, having a very beautifull Daughter, called Maude residing at Dunmow, the King frequently sollicited her chastity; but never prevailing, grew so enraged; that he caused her to be privately poisoned, and that she was buried on the South side of the Quire at Dunmow, betwixt two Pillars there.

It is also reported 〈…〉 , that about this time the K. of France, beginning to Invade the territories of the English in Normandy, there were the like hostile incursions made upon his by the English: and that a Truce betwixt them being ere long obtained, and thereupon a Tournament held in that Realm, this Rob. Fitz-Walter went thither; and running at Tilt with his great Lance, did at the first course overthrow his Rival, both Horse and Man: Likewise, that both Kings being present at this Tournament, King Iohn saying By Gods Tooth, he deserves to be a King, who hath such a Souldier of his train; some freinds of this Robert stept out, and told him, who he was: Whereupon, King Iohn sending for him, restored 〈…〉 to him his Barony, and gave him liberty to repair his Castles, which had been so demolished, as before is observed.

In 16 Ioh. upon Collection of the Scutage of Po • cton, he paid 〈…〉 an hundred twenty seven pounds for those sixty three Knights Fees, and an half, of his own Inheritance; as also 〈…〉 sixty pounds and one mark for the thirty Fees and a third part, belonging to the Barony of Robert de Valoines, his Wives Father; and 〈…〉 four pound for those two Knights Fees of Geffrey de Valoines, her Uncle.

In 17 Ioh. he was constituted Governor 〈…〉 of the Castle of Hertford. But soon after, joyning with the rebellious Lords, his Lands were seized on, and those in Cornwal 〈…〉 committed to the custody of Henry the Kings Son. Which seizure cemented him the firmer unto that party, as it seems: for I find, that they soon after constituted 〈…〉 him one of their Commissioners, to treat with others, for a peaceable composure of all differences; and accordingly had Letters of 〈…〉 safe conduct, to come to the Church of Erithe, where they were to meet for that purpose. Which Treaty took such effect, considering their power at that time; as that the King by CovenantClaus. 17 Joh. in • or • o, m. 21., gave up the City of London, totally into their hands; and liberty to make choiceClaus. 17 Joh. in • or • o, m. 21. of twenty five Barons, by whom the whole Realm should be thenceforth governed; this Robert beingClaus. 17 Joh. in corio, m. 21. the cheif of those, betwixt whom and the King those Covenants were thus made.

And to carry on their sway the surer; having M. Paris, in anno. 1215. p. 252. n. 50. & p. 253. n. 30. soon after a general Rendezvouz at S. Edmundsbury, they tookM. Paris, in anno. 1215. p. 252. n. 50. & p. 253. n. 30. solemn Oaths at the high Altar there; that if the King would not confirm the Laws and Liberties antiently establisht by King Edward the Confessor; they would withdraw their allegiance from him, and seize upon his Castles.

The tidings 〈…〉 whereof being brought unto him (then at Worcester, celebrating the Feast of our Saviors Nativity) he forthwith hasted 〈…〉 to London, lodging himself in the New-Temple. Where they forthwith, making their addresses 〈…〉 to him, in warlike habits, boldly required 〈…〉 a confirmation of those Laws and Liberties.

Being therefore in this straight, he caused 〈…〉 the Archbishop of Canterbury, and some others, to undertake that he would, by a day prefixed, give satisfaction to them all. But not readily making performance of that promise, they met 〈…〉 again at Stanford, in Easter week following, in a warlike manner, this Robert Fitz-Walter, being 〈…〉 the most active person of them all: and afterwards, at 〈…〉 Brackley; whence they sent 〈…〉 the King this minatory Message; viz. that if he did not, by his Sealed Charter, forthwith ratifie those Laws and liberties, they so required; they would by seizure of his Castles and all other his possessions, compel him thereto. Whereto the King replying 〈…〉 that he would never yeild to such demands, as should reduce him to the condition of a Servant; they presently formed 〈…〉 an Army, and constituting 〈…〉 this Robert Fitz-Walter General thereof, stiled 〈…〉 him the Marshal of the Army of God and the Church; and marching 〈…〉 forthwith to Northampton, laid seige 〈…〉 to the Castle there; but wanting 〈…〉 Engins of Battery, went thence 〈…〉 to Bedford; and increasing in strength, on the fifteenth of Iune ensuing met 〈…〉 again at Runnimede (near Stanes) and there exacting those Charters of Liberties, obtainedIbid. a Confirmation of them accordingly.

Which being by force so gained, as that the King held not himself in Conscience obliged to observe them; they presently sentM. Paris, in ann 12. 6. p. 279. n. 20. away some of their party into France (whereof this Robert wasIbid. one) to sollicite King Philip, to send over his Son Lewes to be Crowned King, and to Reign here.

Upon whose landing, this Robert joynedIbid. 28 • . with William de Mandevil, and William de Huntingfield, in subjugating the Counties of Essex, and Suffolk. Notwithstanding all which services, after the death of King Iohn, whenIbid. 2 •• . n. 10. Lewes had, by a long seige, obtained the Garrison of Hertford, he challengingIbid. 2 •• . n. 10. the Governorship of it as his right; Lewes toldIbid. 2 •• . n. 10. him, that none of the English ought to be trusted therewith, having been Traitors to their King; yet wished Ibid. 2 •• . n. 10. him to be patient a while, till the Realm was totally subdued; then he would do equal justice to all.

But after this in Octocter following, great discontents Ibid. 292. arrising from divers of the Nobles, against Lewes, who had possessed himself of their Estates, and kept no faith with them; many fell off from him, so that he came to a TruceIbid. n. 40. with King Henry, promising forthwi • h to quit the Realm. Whereupon this Robert Fitz-Walter, who had been taken Prisoner (as it seemes) by the Kings party; was by virtue of this AgreementPat. 1. H. 3. p. 1. m. 2., (with divers other) set at liberty.

Howbeit, notwithstandingM. Paris, 292. n 50. this accord, whereupon divers of the great men daily came M. Paris, 292. n. 50. in to the King; and thenceforth approved themselves loyal Subjects; some there were, whose haughty spirits could not stoop, amongst which Sayer de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, wasM. Paris, 292. n. 50. not the least; who then hadIbid. 293. n. 40, & 50. a strong Garrison, in his Castle of Mountsorrel, in Leicestershire, which would not submit; for the releif whereof (it being beseigedIbid. 293. n. 40, & 50. by the famous William Marshal, then Governor of the Realm, by reason of the Kings minority) Quincy, sollicitingIbid. 293. n. 40, & 50. Lewes, he movedIbid. 293. n. 40, & 50. the Londoners for their help; who seldom failing to assist such pretended Patriots; soon raisedIbid. 293. n. 40, & 50. an army of above twenty thousand, of which they constituted, 〈…〉 this Robert Fitz-Walter one of the Generals: and accordingly marchedIbid. 294. n. 30, & 40. thitherward: whereof the Earl of Chester (who lay before it) having intelligenceIbid. 294, n. 30, & 40., he presently raised his seige, and wentIbid. 294. n. 30, & 40. to Notingham; which so animated the Rebells, that they forthwith hasted Ibid. 294. n. 30, & 40. to Lincoln, and laid seige to that Castle. The Royalists therefore getting what power they could, from other places, marchedIbid. n. 50. after them. Which being discerned by the Rebels, they sent Ibid. 295. n. 30. this Robert (with some others) to discover their strength: and soon after joynedIbid. 296. n. 40. Battle; wherein (after a suddain and total rout of their whole Army) fighting stoutly, he was taken Prisoner. But it seem he did not long continue in restraint: for the next ensuing year, being one of those, who taking upon them the Cross, went to the Holy-Land, he wasM. Westm. in ann. 12. • . at the seige of Damieta.

After which, I find no more mention of him, till his death; which hapningMon. Ang. Vol. 2. p. 76. n 60. in Ann. 1234. (19 Henr. 3.) he was buriedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. p. 76. n. 60. before the high Altar in the Priory of Dunmow, leaving Rose his second Wife then surviving; who in 20 H. 3. had for her dowry, an assignationClaus 20 H. 3. m. 19. of the Mannors of Hemenhale, Disce, and T • eye; as also of six Knights Fees: of all which she had been by him endowedClaus 20 H. 3. m. 19., upon the day of her Nuptials: and Walter Walter, 2. Claus 20 H. 3. m. 19. his Son and Heir (by Gunnora his former Wife.) with Christian a Daughter, marriedRegist de Binham, f. 147. a. to William de Mandevil, Earl of Essex.

Which Walter in 24 Hen. 3. paidRot Pip 24 H. 3. Essex & Hertf. into the Exchequer, a fine of three hundred Marks for livery of the Lands of his inheritance; and in 30 H. 3. uponRot. Pip. 30 Hen 3. Essex & Hertf. Collection of the Aid for Marrying the K. eldest Daughter, sixty three pounds, ten shillings, for sixty three Knights Fees and an half of his own; as alsoRot. Pip. 30 Hen 3. Essex & Hertf. thirty pounds and half a mark for those thirty and a third part, which he enjoyed of the Honnor of Valoines.

Moreover, in 38 Hen. 3. he accomptedRot. Pip. 38 H. 3. Essex. & Hertf. one hundred twenty seven pounds for the same sixty three Knights Fees and an half, upon assessment of the Aid for making the Kings eldest Son Knight. In 42 Henr. 3. this Walter had summonsClaus. 42 H 3. m. 11. (amongst others) to attend the King at Chester, well appointed with Horse and Arms, for restraining the incursions of the Welch; and departingEx Coll. R. Gl. S. this life in Ann. 1258. (42 H. 3.) was likewise buriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. in the Conventual Church of Dunmow, leaving issueMon. Ang Vol. 2. 76. b. n. 10. Robert his Son and Heir, tenMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 76. b. n. 10. years of age.

Which Robert Robert, 3. was made a KnightIbid. n. 30. in Ann. 1274 (2 Edw. 1.) and in 3 Ed. 1. had Licence Pat. 3 E. 1. m. 16. to pass away the inheritance of his House, called Baynards-Castle within London, adjoyning to the Wall of that City, with all the Walls and Ditches thereto belonging; as also the Turret called Mont • itchet-Tower, unto Robert Kylwardby, then Archbishop of Canterbury; provided, that by reason of this grant nothing should be extinguished to him and his Heirs, which did belong to his barony; but that whatsoever relating thereto, aswel in Rents, landing of Vessells, and other liberties and priviledges in the City of London, or elsewhere, without diminution, which to him the said Robert, or to that Barony had antiently appertained, should be thenceforth reserved. Whereupon that Archbishop translatedStows Survey 487. b. the Dominican-Friers (commonly called the Black-Friers, then residing in Holburn, towards Lincolns-Inne fields) unto this place.

Which Liberties and Priviledges, so reserved as abovesaid (in regard they are memorable) I have here thought sit toEx Cell. R. Gl. S. note. viz.

That the said Robert, as Constable of the Castle of London, (for so was Baynards-Castle then called) and his Heirs ought to be Banner-Bearers of that City, by inheritance, as belonging to that Castle; and in time of Warr to serve the City in Manner following; viz. To ride upon a Light-Horse, with twenty Men at Arms on Horse-back, their Horses covered with Cloath or Harness, unto the great dore of St. Pauls Church, with the Banner of his Arms carried before him; and being come in that manner thither, the Mayor of London, together with the Sheriffs and Aldermen to issue Armed out of the Church, unto the same dore, on foot, with his Banner in his hand, having the figure of S. Paul depicted with Gold thereon; but the Feet, Hands, and Head of Silver, holding a silver Sword in his hand.

And as soon as he shall see the Mayor, Sheriffs, and Aldermen come on Foot out of the Church, carrying such a Banner, he is to alight from his Horse, and salute him as his Companion, saying, Sir Mayor, I am obliged to come hither to do my service, which I owe to this City. To whom the Mayor, Sheriffs, and Aldermen are to answer. We give to you, as our Banner-bearer by inheritance, for this City, this Banner of the City to bear and carry to the honor and proffit thereof to your power.

Whereupon the said Robert and his Heirs shall receive it into their hands; and the Mayor, and Sheriffs, shall follow him to the dore, and bring him an Horse worth twenty pounds. Which Horse shall be sadled with a Saddle of his Arms, and covered with Silk, depicted likewise with the same Armes: and they shall take twenty pounds Sterling, and deliver it to the Chamberlain of the said Robert, for his expences that day.

This being done, he shall mount upon that Horse, so given him by the Mayor, with the Banner in his hand; and being so mounted shall bid the Mayor to chuse a Marshal for the City Army. Who being so chosen, shall command the Mayor and Burgers of the City, to assemble the Commons, who shall go under this Banner of St Paul, which he shall bear to Aldgate; and being come thither they shall give it to whom they shall think fit.

And if it shall so happen, that they must march out of the City, then shall the said Robert make choice of two of the gravest men, out of every Ward, to guard the City in their absence and their consultation shall be in the Priory of the Holy Trinity near Aldgate. And before what Town or Castle this City Army shall come, and continue the Seige, for one whole year; this Robert shall receive from the Commonalty of the City an hundred shillings for his pains and no more.

These were his Rights and priviledges in the City of London, in the time of Warr.

And in the time of Peace theseIbid. following; viz.

¶That the said Robert should have a Soke (id est, a Jurisdiction) in the same City; extending from the Canonry of St. Pauls, along the Street before Paul's Brewhouse, unto the Thames; and thence to the side of the Mill, which is in the Water, that comes down from Fleet-Bridge, and thence up by London-Wall, all about the Black-Friers unto Ludgate; and so back to the House of the said Friers, to the corner of the Wall of the same Canonry of Pauls; id est, all S. Andrews parish, which was the gift of his Ancestors for that Royalty.

And to this Jurisdiction he shall have these following particulars; viz. a Soke-man whomsoever he please of that Jurisdiction (or Ward.) And if any of that Ward be impleaded in the Guild-Hall, touching any thing whatsoever, which relateth not to the body of the Mayor, or Sheriffs; the Soke man may demand a Court, and the Mayor and Citizens must grant it; and to have judgement there as in the Guild-Hall, viz. that if any Theif be taken within this Jurisdiction, he shall have his restraint and imprisonment within the Soke, and thither shall be taken, as to the Guildhall before the Major; and there such judgment shall be given upon him, as ought to be: But his Sentence shall not be made known, till he come to the Court of the said Robert, and within his Franchise. And his judgment shall be such, as that if he deserve sentence of death for Treason, he shall be tied to a Pile in the Chames, at the Wood-wharf, where they use to fasten Boats, for the space of two Tides: And if for a Common Theif, then to be led to the Elms, and there suffer judgment as such a one.

Moreover, this Robert hath such an honor, as that he shall have as large Priviledges in the City, as the Major and Citizens; and the Citizens ought to do him right, viz. When the Major shall hold a great Council, he ought to summon him and his heirs thereto, to be of that Council, and the Council of the City; and to be sworn thereof against all Men, except the King of England, and his Heirs. And when he comes to the Hustings in the Guildhall of the City, the Major or his Deputy ought to rise, and set him next to himself. And when he is in the Guildhall, all Judgments ought to proceed from his Mouth, according to the Memorials there Recorded. And all Waiffs which are brought thither, whilest he is there, he ought to give them to the Bailiff of the Town; or to whom else he please, by the advice of the Major.

Thus far as to his Rights and Priviledges in time of Peace, I now proceed.

In 8 Edw. 1. having marriedRot. Fin. • Edw. 1. m. 11. Dervorgil, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Iohn de Burgh (Son of Hubert de Burgh, late Earl of Kent) he had LiveryRot. Fin. • Edw. 1. m. 11. of the Mannors of Hallingbiry, Wa •• ern, and Lexinden, which were assigned Rot. Fin. • Edw. 1. m. 11. to her, as her Purparty of the Lands of Iohn de Burgh her Father. In 13 Edw. 1. he had License Rot. Cart. 13 Ed. 1. m. 12. to enlarge his Park at Wodham in Essex In 18 Edw. 1. he obtained a GrantCart. 18 Ed. 1. n. 85. from the King of two hundred pounds per annum Lands, and Rents, in the Mannors of Bu • n • am and Reyndon in Essex. After which, s • il. in 21 Edw. 1. he obtained a CharterCart 21 Ed. 1. n. 22. for a Market every week upon the Thursday, at his Mannor of Reyndon, and a Fair yearly on the day and morrow after the Feast of S. Peter ad V • n • ula; and the same year was madePat. 21 Ed. 1. m. 9. Governor of the Castle of De la Bere, in the County of Merinith.

In 22 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Vascon. 22 Ed. 1. m 1. in that expedition then made into Gascoigne; and in the Retinue Rot. Vascon. 22 Ed. 1. m 1. of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, where he continued 〈…〉 the next ensuing year: So also in 〈…〉 25 Edw. 1. in which year he was 〈…〉 likewise in that expedition made into Wales. And in 〈…〉 28 Edw. 1. in that then made into Scotland, in which year, he also obtained another Charter 〈…〉 for a Fair every year at his Mannor of Dysee in Com. Norf. upon the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of Simon and Iude, and three days following.

In 29 Edw. 1. he was 〈…〉 again in the Wars of Scotland, and of the Retinue 〈…〉 to Edward, Prince of Wales; having the same year likewise a Charter 〈…〉 for Free-Warren throughout all his Demesn Lands of Shopland and Shenefend in Com. Essex.

In 33 Edw. 1. there was an Agreement 〈…〉 made betwixt this Robert and Iohn de Botetourt; that Robert his Son and Heir, should take to Wife Ioane, the Daughter of him the said Iohn.

In 34 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Scoc. 34 Ed. 1 m. 10. in that expedition then made into Scotland; so also inRot. Scoc. 35 Ed. 1. m 1. 35 Edw. 1. And in An. 1309. (3 Edw. 2.) he laidMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 77 a. n. 40. the Foundation of the Gray-Fryers Church in Colchester.

In 4 Edw. 2. he had (amongst others) Summons Rot. Scoc. 4 Ed 2. m. 4. to be at Carleol, upon the morrow after All-Souls day, well furnished with Horse and Arms to march against the Scots. And surviving • laus. 6 Edw. • . m. 8. Dervorgill his Wife, for which respect he held • laus. 6 Edw. • . m. 8. by the courtesie of England, of her inheritance, the Mannors of Hallingbiry, Wa • kern. Le • don, and the moity of the Mannor of Brumley in Com. Essex, and Her • wrd, in 6 Edw. 2. he obtained License • laus. 6 Edw. • . m. 8. of the King; that Christian, one of the Daughters and Heirs of the said Dervorgill, then of full age, might have her purparty in those Lordships.

In 8 Edw. 2. he had another SummonsRot Scoc. 8 Edw. • . in dorso m. 9. to be at Ne • castle upon Tine, sufficiently provided with Horse and Arms to march against the Scots.

This Robert had SummonsClaus. de iisdem An in dorso. to Parliament, from 23 Edw. 1. until 19 Edw. 2. inclusive.

And in 19 Edw. 2. (as I guess) departed this life: For then it appears 〈…〉 , that Robert his Son and Heir, by Eleanor, Daughter 〈…〉 of ... Earl Ferrers, doing his homage, had Livery of his Lands.

Which Robert Robert 4. wasRot. Scoc. 1 Ed. • . m. • . in that expedition made into Scotland, in 1 Edw. 3. but diedEsc. 2 Ed. 3. n. 39. the next year following, leaving Iohn his Son and Heir thirteen years of age; and Io • ne his Wife, one of the Daughters and CoheirsClaus 11 E • . 3 p. 2 m 25. & p 1. m. 27. of Iohn de Moulton of Egeemond▪ surviving; who had for her Dowry, an Assignation • laus. 2 Ed. 3. m 19. of the Mannors of He • ham in Essex, Hemenhale in Norfol • , and Shimpling in Suffolk; as also LicensePat 2 Ed 3. p 2 m. 10. to marry Iohn de Wayland: Iohn Iohn. Claus. 9 Edw 3. m. 13. her Son and Heir, being still in minority, the custody of two parts of whose Lands was committed Claus. 9 Edw 3. m. 13. to Henry de Percy: But in 9 Edw. 3. by the Kings special favorClaus. 9 Edw 3. m. 13., his homage was accepted, and LiveryClaus. 9 Edw 3. m. 13. made to him.

Which Ioane in 12 Edw. 3. (as eldestRot. Fin. 1 • Edw. 3. m. 24. of the three Daughters and Coheirs to Iohn de Multon of Egremond) hadRot. Fin. 1 • Edw. 3. m. 24. for her purparty of her Fathers Lands, an Assignation of the Castle of Egremond in Com. Cumbr. And the third part of the Mannor of Egremond; as also the third part of the Mannors of Beusolaz and Fleet in Com. Linc.

But I return to Iohn (Son to this last mentioned Robert and Ioane.) In 22 Edw. 3. he had Cart. 22 Ed. 3. n 23. the Grant of a Market at his Mannor of Burnham in Essex, upon the Tuesday every week; as also one Fair, yearly, upon the Eve and Day of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, and two days ensuing.

In 34 Edw. 3. beingFrois. fol. 104 a. then in the Wars of France, with the King, and one of those, who was appointedFrois. fol. 104 a. to accompany Sir Walter Manny, in that skirmish at the Bartiers of Paris (the Duke of Normandy, then lying in that City) he wasFrois. fol. 104 a. then Knighted; and marriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Eleanor the Daughter of Henry Lord Percy.

This Iohn had SummonsClaus. de iisdem An. in dorso. to Parliament from 15 until 34 Edw. 3. inclusive, and diedEsc 35 Ed. 3. n. 86. upon Monday the Feast of S. Luk • the Evangelist, 35 Edw. 3. leaving Walter his Son and Heir sixteen years of age; Ioane his Mother surviving him: Who departedRot. Fin. 39 Ed 3. m. 15. this life in 37 Edw. 3. Whereupon Walter Walter 3. her Grandson was foundRot. Fin. 39 Ed 3. m. 15. to be her next Heir, andRot. Fin. 39 Ed 3. m. 15. nineteen years of age, upon the day of Saint Petronill, the Virgin, 37 Edw. 3.

Which Walter, making proofClaus. 40 Ed. 3. m. 10. of his age in 40 Edw. 3. and doing his homage, had Livery Claus. 40 Ed. 3. m. 10. of all his Lands: And in 44 Edw. 3. wasRot. Franc. 44 Ed 3 m. 21. in that expedition then made into Gascoigne, being at that time accountedTho. Wals. in An. 1370. p. 179. n. 30. one of the most expert Soldiers in this Realm. But being taken prisonerRot. Franc. 45 Ed 3 m. 10. in those Wars, he was constrained to MortgagePat. 10 R. 2. p. 1. m 35. his Castle and Lordship of Egremond, for the sum of a thousand pounds (for certain years) towards raising of the Fine, which he paidPat. 10 R. 2. p. 1. m 35. for his Redemption.

After this, viz. in 47 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Aleman. 47 Ed. 3. m. 13 in that expedition made into France, Iohn, Duke of Lancaster, being thenRot. Aleman. 47 Ed. 3. m. 13 General of the English Forces, but with ill success. So also inRot Franc. 1 Rich. 2. m. 22 Tho. Wals. in eodem, An p. • 9 • . n. • 0. 1 Rich. 2. Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham, being Commander in cheif of the English, against the Spanish Navy then at Sluyse, for revenge of that assistance which the Spaniard gave unto the French the preceding year.

And the same year, there being an Invasion feared 〈…〉 from the French, having raised 〈…〉 what power he could out of all his Lordships in England, for defence of the County of Essex; he received command 〈…〉 to repair into Norfolk, for the safeguard of those parts.

In 2 Rich. 2. he wasRot. Franc. 2 Ric. 2. m. 9. again imployed in another Naval expedition against the Spaniard, under the commandTho. Wals. in eodem An. p. 209 & 210. of Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham; at which time, his Marriners notTho. Wals. in eodem An. p. 209 & 210. doing their duties, as they ought, he was constrained to fleeTho. Wals. in eodem An. p. 209 & 210. to the Earl of Kent, in a Cock-Boat, by whose speedy aid, they took Tho. Wals. in eodem An. p. 209 & 210. eight Spanish Ships, near Brest in Britanny.

In this year also, upon special businessPat. 2 R • . p 1. m. 11. of his own, he obtained LicensePat. 2 R • . p 1. m. 11. to travel beyond Sea with six Men, and six Horses; and had a Letter of Exchange for one hundred pound to bear his charges.

In 3 Rich. 2. he procured the Kings Charter Cart. 3 R. 2. n. 3. for a weekly Market, every Friday, at his Lordship of Hemenhale in Norfolk; and a Fair yearly on the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Andrew, the Apostle. In which year he wasRot Franc. • R 2 m 3. in another expedition then made into France. And in 4 Rich. 1. beingFrois fol. 237 a. with the same Earl of Buckingham, at the siege of Nantz in Britanny, sateFrois fol. 237 a. down with those Forces, then under his command, at the Gate of S. Nicholas, by the River side: And after that, attending him to the City of Uannes, was lodgedIbid. 247 b. near the Town of Hannibout.

In 5 Rich. 2. against the Rebels, under Iack Straw, he didTho. Wals. 285. n. 10. very great service in Essex, by suppressingTho. Wals. 285. n. 10. those who endeavored to make head there. In 7 Rich. 2. he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 7 R. 2. m. 5. one of the Wardens of the West Marches towards Scotland.

In 9 Rich. 2. beingRot. Franc. 9 R • . m. 12. with Iohn, Duke of Lancaster, in his expedition into Spain, when he went 〈…〉 to receive possession of the Kingdom of Castile; he manifested his valor very signally, against the Besiegers of the Castle of Brest, in Britanny; by storming 〈…〉 the Forts raised against it, and relieving 〈…〉 the Besieged.

This Walter had SummonsClaus▪ de •• sdem An. in dorso. to Parliament from 43 Edw. 3. to the ninth of Richard the Second, inclusive. But the year next ensuing (viz. 10 Rich. 2.) he departedEsc. 10 R 1. n. 15. this life, viz. Upon Claus. 10 • 2 m 14. Wednesday preceding the Feast of S. Michael, Philippa his Wife (DaughterCatal of Nob. by R. • . and Coheir to Iohn de Mohun, Lord of • unster, and WiddowRot. Fin. 10 H. 6 m. 13. of Edward, Duke of York) surviving; who thereupon hadClaus 10 R. • . ut supra. the Lordships of Wimbish and Shering; also the Mannor of Fitz-Walters in Shenefield, all in Essex; and the Mannor of Shimpling in Com. Suff. assigned for her Dower; leaving Walter Walter 4. his Son and Heir, then 〈…〉 eighteen years of age.

A former Wife he had, called Eleanor 〈…〉 ; for the health of whose Soul, and his, there was a Chantrey of two Priests, to celebrate Divine Service in the Priory of Dunmow, Founded 〈…〉 in 12 Hen. 4. For whose maintenance, the Advowson of the Church of Great Tey was amortised.

This last mentioned Walter (Son of the last mentioned Walter) making proofClaus. 13 Ric • . p. 2. m. 〈◊〉 . of his age, and doing his homage, in 13 Rich. 2. had Livery Claus. 13 Ric • . p. 2. m. 〈◊〉 . of his Lands; and took to WifeRot. Fin. • 1 R. 2. m. 3 • . Ioane, the Daughter of Sir Iohn Devereux Knight, Sister and Heir to Iohn her Brother, who died in his minority.

In 21 Rich. 2. he wasRot. Vascon. 22 R. 2. m. • . in that expedition then made into France; and in 22 Rich. 2. uponEsc. 22 R. 2. n. 38. Suff. the death of Maud, Wife to Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, was foundEsc. 22 R. 2. n. 38. Suff. to be one of her Cosins, and next Heirs, viz. Esc. 22 R. 2. n. 38. Suff. Son of Walter, Son of Iohn, Son of Ioane, one of the Sisters of Margaret de-Lucy, Mother of Anthony de Lucy, Brother of the said Maud, he being then thirty years of age.

In 3 Henr. 4. this Walter was (together with Richard, then Bishop of Worcester, and Iohn, Earl of Somerset) sentRot. 〈◊〉 3 H. 4. m. • . Ambassadors, to treat with Reginald, Duke of Guelders, concerning an amicable League, and homage to be done by that Duke, to King Henry, for his Lands and Dominions. In 5 Hen. 4. he wasRot. 〈◊〉 5 H 4. m. 〈◊〉 . again beyond Sea; so also inRot. 〈◊〉 6 H. 4. m. 10. Ibid. • H. 4. m. 8. 6 & 7 Hen. 4. And having had SummonsClaus. de iisdem A • . 〈◊〉 dorso. to Parliament, from 14 Rich. 2. to 5 Hen. 4. inclusive, upon the twentieth of Iuly, An. 1408. 9 H. 4. made his TestamentArundel. Vol. 1. • 542., being then at York, whereby he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Church of Henham; in which year he diedLib. Cedul. 9 H. 4. p • 7., leaving issue two Sons, Humphrey Humphrery. Lib. Cedul. 9 H. 4. p • 7. and Walter Claus. 1 Hen. 6. m. 4., and Eleanor Claus. 1 Hen. 6. m. 4. a Daughter: Ioane his Wife then surviving, who soon after marriedClaus. 10 H. 4 m 23. to Hugh Burnell.

Which Humphrey departingClaus. 1 H. • m. 4. this life in his minority, Walter his Brother became Heir to the Estate; who was so active a Man in the Wars of France, in the time of the Victorious Henry the Fifth; that, in the Eighth of His Reign, in considerationPat 〈◊〉 8 Hen. • . p 1. • • . thereof, and of his future services, the King gavePat 〈◊〉 8 Hen. • . p 1. • • . unto him, and to the Heirs-male of his Body, all the Lands and Lordships which Sir Iohn Cheney Knight, deceased, held within the Dutchy of Normandy; which, for default of Heir-male of him, the said Sir Iohn Cheney returned to the Crown, and were of the valuePat 〈◊〉 8 Hen. • . p 1. • • . of Five thousand Scutes.

But in 9 Hen. 5. being 〈…〉 . in that unhappy adventure, with Thomas, Duke of Clarence, the Kings Brother; who, unadvisedly 〈…〉 . passing with part of his Army over a River and a Marsh, near the Castle of Beaufort in France; falling into the hands of the Enemy, was made prisoner Ibid. (the Duke himself, and many other brave Men being there slainIbid..) It seems he was but a young Man when he so served in those Wars; for until 〈…〉 the Feast day of S. Alban, the Martyr 1 Hen. 6. he attained not to his full age; but then, 〈…〉 making proof thereof, had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands; and in 7 & 9 Hen. 6. had Summons 〈…〉 to Parliament. He was 〈…〉 likewise in the same ninth year in that expedition made into France, Thomas, Earl of Petch, and Edmund, Earl of Mo • tain, being then Generals 〈…〉 of the English Army. And by his Testament 〈…〉 , bearing date the tenth of April, within the compass of that year, bequeathing his Body to be Buried in the Priory of Dunmow; appointed, that his Executors should make an Arch in the Wall, near to the Grave of his Mother; and that therein the Bodies of himself, his wife, and children; as also the Bones of his Mother, should be deposited, allowing the charge of forty marks to be bestowed thereon; and died the following year, as may seem by the Probate of his said Testament, which bears date the Tenth of November, An. 1432. (11 Hen. 6.) Elizabeth his Wife surviving 〈…〉 him, who held in Dower 〈…〉 , the Mannors of Hemenhale and 〈◊〉 , together with the Hundred of 〈◊〉 in Com. Norf. The Mannors of Shim • ling and Thorne, in Com. Suff. The Mannors of Wodham-Walter, L • den, Uiting, Henham, Dunmow-Parva, Burnham, Wimbish, and Shering, in Com. Essex. Which Elizabeth died 〈…〉 14 Iunii, 4 Ed. 4. whereupon these were found 〈…〉 to be her Heirs; viz. Elizabeth (then unmarried,) and Anne the Wife of Thomas Ratcliffe Esquire, her Daughter, by the said Walter Fitz-Walter; and Ioane, the Wife of Sir Robert Fenys Knight, begotten by William Massey, her second Husband.

Which Thomas had issue by her the said Anne, Sir Iohn Ratcliffe Knight; afterwards summoned to Parliament as Lord Fitz-Walter, as in due place I shall more fully shew.

Beauchamp of Bedford.

AT the time of the Norman Conquest, Hugh de Beauchamp Hugh. came into England with Duke William, and had of his gift Lands of great extent: For by the General Survey, it appears, That he was possessed 〈…〉 of Belinghou in Hertfordshire, Linclade, Solebery, and Latebery, in Buckinghamshire, and of forty three Lordships (or the greatest part of them) in Bedfordshire.

This Hugh gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of Thorney in Camoridgeshire, one yard Land in Elbodesey; and had three 〈…〉 Sons, Simon, Paganus (id est, Pain,) and Milo; whereof Simon is said 〈…〉 to die without issue, and his Brother Pain to succeed him: Which Pain, Pain. having the Barony of Bedford, given 〈…〉 to him by King William Rufus, married Rohais, the Daughter of Alberic de Vere, Justice of England, Temp. Hen. 1. Widow of Geffrey de Magnavill, Earl of Essex.

This Pain and Rohai • confirmed 〈…〉 to those Monks of Thorney, the Grants of certain Lands, which divers of her Tenants had made unto them within the Lordship of Colwurth, of her Fee; and, of himself, gaveMon 〈◊〉 . Vol. 2. 135 b. n. 30. to the Canons of Mer • on in Surrey, the Church of Upton in Com. Buck.

They were also Co-founders 〈…〉 of the Priory of Chiksand in • edfordshire: But she it was that translatedIbid. 238. n. 40. the Secular Canons from S. Pauls in Bedford, unto Newnham near Bedford, and lieth buriedIbid. n. 50▪ at Chicksand.

To whom succeeded Simon Simon. their eldest Son, afterwards StewardRic Hagn. stald. 315. l. 2. to King Stephen: Which Simon had divers SonsOrd. Vit. 915 C., who heldOrd. Vit. 915 C. Bedford against the King, until Henry, Bishop of Winchester (the Kings Brother) came thither; the cheif reason of that their hostility, being, because Ord. Vit. 915 C. they heard that the King had given their Sister in marriage, together with the whole Barony of Bedford, which belonged to this Simon (their Father) unto Hugh, sirnamed Pauper, (Brother to the Earl of Leicester.) But by mediation of that Bishop, after five weeks siege, they rendredOrd. Vit. 915 C. it.

In 12 Hen. 2. upon Assessment of the Aid, for marrying the Kings eldest Daughter, this Simon certifiedLib. 〈◊〉 sub tit. Bedf. the Knights Fees, he then held, to be thirty six, an half, and tenth part De Veteri Feoffamento; and eight Knights Fees De Novo; for all which, he paidRot. Pip. 14 Hen. • Bedf & Buck. upon the Collection of that Aid thirty five pounds seventeen shillings four pence.

In 26 Hen. 2. he gave a FineRot. Pip. 26 Hen. 2. Bedf. & Buck. of three hundred marks to the King, upon an Agreement betwixt him, and Guy de S. Valery.

In 2 Rich. 1. upon levying the Scutage of Wales, he paidRot. Pip. 2 Ric. 1. Bed. & Buck. twenty two pound seventeen shillings ten pence; and the same year gaveRot. Pip. 2 Ric. 1. Bed. & Buck. one hundred pound to be Governor of the Castle of Bedford.

In 6 Rich. 1. upon the expedition, then made into Normandy, he gave 〈…〉 twenty marks, for License to stay in Eng • and; and the same year paid 〈…〉 forty five pound fifteen shillings eight pence, upon collection of the Scutage for the Rings Redemption.

In 7 Rich. 1. he executed the Office of Sheriff 〈…〉 for the Counties of Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire; so also 〈…〉 for the three next ensuing years: And in 7 & 8 Ioh. answered 〈…〉 one hundred marks for each year, upon levying the sixth Scutage of that King; and gave 〈…〉 to the Abbey of Chiksand (of his Mothers Foundation) the Churches of Chiksand and Hagenes, with the Grange of Hagenes; the Churches of Lyncelade, • ogepole, Caisho, Stotfald, and the Chappel of Estwike. He likewise confirmed 〈…〉 those Grants, which the Countess Rohais his Mother had made to the Canons of Newnham, and was buried 〈…〉 before the High Altar in the Church of S. Paul at Bedford, under a plain Marble; leaving issue 〈…〉 William. William.

Which William in 9 Ioh. gave 〈…〉 five hundred marks, and six Palfreys, for Livery of the Lands of his Inheritance: And in 13 Ioh. upon levying the Scutage of Scotland, had a special discharge 〈…〉 for forty five Knights Fees, and an half; so likewise 〈…〉 in 16 Ioh. upon levying the Scutage of 〈◊〉 , having been personally (as it seems) in both those expeditions.

Being possessed 〈…〉 of the Barony Bedford, which was a Capital Honor, as also of the strong Castle of Bedford (the Head of that Barony) and adhe • ing 〈…〉 to the Barons in those Wars, which they had with King Iohn, he received Ibid. their Rebellious Army into it, in the Seventeenth of that Kings Reign. Wherefore so soon as the King heard thereof, he sentIbid. Falcasius de Brent (his great Favorite) with a mighty power thither to summon it. Whereupon those of the Barons, who were in it, came to this Agreement Ibid. pag 275. n. 10. with Falcasius, viz. That if releif came not to them within seven days, they would render it to him; and accordingly didIbid. pag 275. n. 10.. Soon after which, the King gaveIbid. pag 275. n. 10. it to Falcasius.

And as this William de Beauchamp had been an active person, in those turbulent times, against King Iohn; so did he continue against King Henry the Third, as is manifest from his being taken prisonerIbid. p 296. n. 40. in the Battle of Lincoln, 1 H. 3. But submittingClaus. 1 Hen 3. m. 4. to obedience before the end of that year (as most did) he had restitutionClaus. 1 Hen 3. m. 4. of his Lands, which were seised upon for that transgression.

In 2 Hen. 3. he paidRot. Pip. 2 H. 3. Bedf. & Buck. sixty one pounds sixteen shillings, upon levying the first Scutage of that King, for those forty five Knights-Fees, and an half; a fifth and twelfth part, which he then held; and wasClaus. 2 H. 3. in dorso m 4. the same year in the Kings Army at Newark.

In 7 Hen. 3. beingClaus. 7 Hen. 3. m. 4. (with other great Men) in that expedition then made into • ales, he hadClaus. 7 Hen. 3. m. 4. Scutage of all his Tenants in the Counties of Middle • ex, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Huntingdonshire, and Berkshire, and deserved so well for that service, That the next year following, after the King had causedMat. Paris, p. 322. l 7. Claus. 8 Hen. 3. in dorso, m 7. Addit. in Mat. Paris, p. 151. n. 10. & n. 30. the Castle of Bedford to be wholly demolished, and the Ditches thereof to be filled up, he obtained a • atentMat. Paris, p. 322. l 7. Claus. 8 Hen. 3. in dorso, m 7. Addit. in Mat. Paris, p. 151. n. 10. & n. 30. for the site thereof, with liberty c to erect a Mansion upon it, and to inclose it with a Wall, not exceeding the height of that which was for the lesser Ward, but to be without any Battlement.

In 10 Hen. 3. being 〈…〉 in the Kings Army at Grosmund in Wales, against Richard, Earl Marshal, then in Rebellion, he suffered with the rest of the Kings Forces, who were by a sudden surprise 〈…〉 from the Welsh, despoiled of all they had there.

In 19 Hen. 3. he was constituted SheriffPat 19 H. 3. m. 2. for the Counties of Buckingham and Bed • ord; in which year he obtained a CharterClaus. 19 H. 3. m. 7. to himself, and Ida his Wife (who was the Kings Cosin) that the Mannor of Newport, of her Dowry, should thenceforth be exempt from suit to the County, or Hundred Court, Aid to the Sheriff, and View of Frank-pledge.

In 20 Hen. 3. at the solemn Nuptials of that King, he performed 〈…〉 the Office of Almoner for the same day. And in 21 Hen. 3. executed the Office of Sheriff 〈…〉 , for the Counties of Bedford and Buckingham.

In 36 Hen. 3. at the instigation 〈…〉 of his Wife, he much afflicted 〈…〉 the Monks of Wa • don in Bedfordshire, and diversly oppressedClaus. 37 H 3. m 9. the Canons of Newnham, whom he ought to have cherished and favored, as my Author saith. And in 37 Hen. 3. gave a FineClaus. 37 H 3. m 9. of one hundred pound to the King, that he might be excused from attending him, at that time, into Gascoigne.

In 41 Hen. 3. being grown aged, he setledClaus. 41 Hen. 3. m. 8. all his Estate upon William his Son, whose homage thereupon the King receivedClaus. 41 Hen. 3. m. 8., ratifyingClaus. 41 Hen. 3. m. 8. that Grant; and the next ensuing year, received command 〈…〉 to be at Chester, upon Munday next preceding the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, well furnished with Horse and Arms, to oppose the hostile incursions of Lewelin, Prince of Wales. It seems he was then in person there; for by a special Writ, he was acquitted 〈…〉 for his Scutage upon that expedition; and died 〈…〉 in 44 Hen. 3. leaving an honorable fame 〈…〉 behind him, for many great exploits, but especially for his munificence 〈…〉 to divers Religious Houses.

To this William succeeded Simon (his Son and Heir, I presume) who being impleaded 〈…〉 by Guy de S. Valery, for his whole Barony of Bedford, gave 〈…〉 him the Mannor of Alpe • e, for composition. Which Simon diedCart. 〈◊〉 H. 3. m. 2. soon after, viz. In 47 Hen. 3. leaving issue one sole Daughter and Heir, whose Wardship was grantedCart. 〈◊〉 H. 3. m. 2. by the King to Thomas de Savoy, sometime Earl of Flanders.

He had also a Brother called William 〈…〉 , who survived him but a while;William. to whom succeeded 〈…〉 Iohn, another Brother. Which Iohn in 49 H. 3. doing his homage, had Livery 〈…〉 of that Inheritance; but taking part with the Rebellious Barons, was slainEsc. 49 H. 3. n. 3. in the Battle of Evesham, before the end of that year. Whereupon the King gaveClaus. 51 Hen. • . m. 10. all his Lands unto Prince Edward his eldest Son; but soon after, by the Decree called Dictum de Kenilworth, there being a special composition made for those forfeitures; Maud de Moubray (Wife to Roger de Moubray) and Beatrix, the Wife of Thomas Fitz-Otes: Ioane, Ida, and Isabel, Daughter of Ela, Wife of Baldwine Wake, CosinsClaus. 51 Hen. • . m. 10. and Heirs to Ioane de Beauchamp, Daughter of Simon, elder Brother to Iohn, so slain at Evesham, as hath been observed, (which Maud, Ela, and Beatrix, were DaughtersRot. 〈◊〉 1 Edw 1. Buck. & Bedf. of William de Beauchamp, Father of the before specified Simon, William, and Iohn) had LiveryPat. 5 • • 3. m. 34. Claus. 5 • Hen. 〈◊〉 m. 10. ut supra. Videsis etiam Claus. 33 Edw. 1. m. 13. of that Inheritance.

And after this, scil. in 6 Edw. 1. Amicia the Widow of this last mentioned William de Beauchamp, being dead, PartitionRot. Fin. 6 Edw. 1. m. 9. Claus. 6 Edw. 1. m. 5. was made of those Lands which she held in Dower, betwixt Roger de Moubray (Son to Roger and Maud before mentioned) Iohn de Steingreve, and Ida his Wife; Iohn de Horbiry, and Elizabeth his Wife; Michael Pickot, and Ioane his Wife; William de Montchensie of Edwardeston, and Beatrix his Wife; next Heirs to the said William de Beauchamp.

Beauchamp of Eaton.

I Now come to Milo de Beauchamp, Milo. a younger Son to the same Hugh de Beauchamp, who came into England at the Norman Conquest.

This Milo was one of those that held 〈…〉 the Castle of Bedford against King Stephen; it being 〈…〉 then a Fort of great strength, environed 〈…〉 with a mighty Rampire of Earth, and an high Wall, within which, was an impregnable Tower; so that the King being not able to get it by assault, brought 〈…〉 his Army before it; and, after a long and hard siege, obtained 〈…〉 it by Surrender; Milo and his Soldiers marching out upon honorable terms. But of this Milo I have not seen any more, than, that with the consent of Pagan de Beauchamp his Heir, he gave 〈…〉 the Mill at Bedford, unto the Monks of Bermondsey in Southwark, in 27 Hen. 2. And a RentIb. 1012 b. of three shillings per annum to the Nunnery of De la Pree, near Northampton, which the Brethren of S. Iohns Hospital there had usually paid him, for certain Lands called Hirkshale.

To whom succeeded Hugh Hugh de Beauchamp, Son Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 157 a. n. 10. of Oliver, FounderMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 157 a. n. 10. of the Priory of Bismede, near to his Park at Eaton. Which Hugh in 2 Hen. 2. upon collection of the Aid, called Dane geld, was specially acquittedRot. Pip. 2 H • . Buck. & Bedf. of twenty three pound and fifteen pence for his Lands in Bedfordshire; and in 3 Hen. 2. after King Henry had subjugatedSig • b. Gembl. MS. in Bibl. Deuves. f 74 b. North Wales, and fortified the Castle of Rothelan, was trusted Sig • b. Gembl. MS. in Bibl. Deuves. f 74 b. with the custody thereof.

In 22 Hen. 2. this Hugh, with the Archbishops of Roan and Canterbury, were commanded Joreval. col. 1112. n. 40 & 50. by the King to attend William, King of 〈◊〉 , at S. Giles in ... where certain Gallies then waitedJoreval. col. 1112. n. 40 & 50. for them, being not to depart till the marriage betwixt that King, and the Daughter of King Henry the Second, was solemnised; which accordingly was performedIbid. 1113. n. 10. at Palern • o in Italy, within few days after.

In 32 Hen. 2. being atR. Hoved. 361 b. n. 30. Ierusalem, on Pilgrimage, he was the year next following, slain Ibid. 363. n. 42. in the Holy Land, in that Battle, wherein Guy, King of Ierusalem, was taken prisoner.

To this Hugh succeeded Roger Roger. de Beauchamp his Brother; who, in 1 Hen. 3. doingClaus. 1 Hen. 3. m. 18. his homage, had LiveryClaus. 1 Hen. 3. m. 18. of his Lands, paying one hundred pound for his releif.

This Roger wasClaus. 2 H. 3. in dorso m. 4. in the Kings Army at Newark in 2 Hen. 3. but died soon after, as it seems: For in 6 Hen. 3. Iohn, Iohn. the Son of William de Beauchamp, his NephewRot. Fin. 6 Hen. 3. m. 8. and Heir, doing his homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 6 Hen. 3. m. 8. of the Mannors of Eaton and Sandun, which descended to them thereupon.

To which Iohn succeeded William William. de Beauchamp, who in 42 Hen. 3. had SummonsClaus. 42 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 11. to be at • hester, on the Munday next preceding the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, well furnished with Horse and Arms, to oppose the hostile Incursions of the Welsh. And to him succeeded Ralph, Ralph. who was 〈…〉 in that expedition made into Wales in 10 Edw. 1. and departed 〈…〉 this life upon the Tuesday preceding the Feast of All-Saints, in 21 Edw. 1. being then seised 〈…〉 of the Mannor of Eaton before mentioned, which he held 〈…〉 of the King in capite by Barony; performing 〈…〉 the service of one Knight in the Kings Army, and leaving Roger 〈…〉 his Son and Heir, then one and twenty years of age. Which Roger doing his homage, had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands the next ensuing year.

As to his Posterity I shall not need to say any thing of them, in regard they were not of the degree of Barons.

Beauchamp of Elmley.

OF the same Family, I conclude Walter Walter. de Beauchamp to be; the cheif Seat of whose Descendants, for divers ages, was at Elmley Castle in Worcestershire; but of him I have not seen any thing, till the time of King Henry the First, who bestowedCartular. Warwic • Comitum penès Dudl • um Batonem North. f. 144 a. on him all the Lands of Roger de Worcester, with many Priviledges to those Lands belonging; and likewise the SheriffaltyIbid 121 b. of Worcestershire; to hold as freely, as any of his Ancestors had done: Which Office Vrso de Abitot hereditarily enjoyed Chron. W • gorn. in Bibl. Co •• on. MS. 21 a. in the time of King William the Conqueror, whose Daughter and Heir Emeline, this Walter marriedRegist. MS. penès Dec. & cap. Wigorn.. And besides all this, a Confirmation Ex ipso Autogr. penès ... Comite • Ailesbur ••• , An. 1670. from that King of all those Lands, which Adelise, the Widow of the same Vrso de Abitot, had given unto him.

This Walter was StewardCartular. Warw. Comitum, f. 122 b. to King Henry the First, and left issue William de Beauchamp, William. his Son and Heir, who boreCartular. Warw. Comitum, f. 122 b. that Office of Steward, as his Father had done; having the Kings ConfirmationCartular. Warw. Comitum, f. 122 b. thereof, with Livery of his Inheritance: And after the death of King Henry, stood so firm to Maud the Empress, that King Stephen dispossessedCartular. Warw. Comitum, f. 122 b. him of the Castle of Worcester, which hereditarily descended to him by Emeline his Mother, from Vrso de Abitot before mentioned; and gaveH. Hunting • . 226 a. n. 50. it, with the City, to Waleran, Earl of • ellent; but the Empress, being sensible of his fidelity to her, did not only restoreCartula • . Warw. Com • tum. 121 b. unto him that Castle, with the outer Ward thereto belonging; to holdCartula • . Warw. Com • tum. 121 b. of her heirs, in capite, together with the Sheriffalty of that County, Forests, and whatsoever else did of Inheritance pertain thereto, paying the like yearly Rent, as Walter his Father had done; and whereupon he CovenantedCartula • . Warw. Com • tum. 121 b. to be her Liegeman, against all persons, especially against Waleran, Earl of Mellent, (with whom, she declared she would make no agreement for the Premisses) but bestowedCartula • . Warw. Com • tum. 121 b. on him the Town and Castle of Tamworth (in Warwickshire) to hold as freely, as Robert de Spenser, Brother to Vrso de Abitot, had ever enjoyed it: And LikewiseCartula • . Warw. Com • tum. 121 b. the Mannors of Bekford, Weston, and Luffenham, in Rutland, as his right; together with sixty pound per annum, English Lands, for his service.

And moreover, restoredIbid. to him and his heirs, that Office of Constable, which Vrso de Abitot held; and likewiseIbid., that Office of Steward, which Walter his Father enjoyed under King Henry the First; as alsoIbid. all the Lands and Inheritances of those his next Ancestors who had been in Arms against her; and who could not make Fine with her for the same, except some of their nearest Kinred had served in the Wars on her part.

Besides the Sheriffalty of Worcestershire which this William so had by Inheritance (as hath been observed) he executed the like Office for Warwickshire inRot. Pip. 2 Hen. 2. Warw. 2 Hen. 2. So also for Glocestershire, fromRot. Pip. de iisdem An. Gloc. the Third to the ninth of Henry the Second, inclusive: And for Herefordshire, fromRot. Pip. de iisdem An. Here • . the Eighth till the sixteenth of Henry the Second, inclusive. And in the Twelfth of Henry the Second, upon Assessment of the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. Rub in Scac. sub tit. Wigor • . his Knights Fees to be in number Fifteen. But farther than this I have not seen of him, other than that he (together with Stephen de Beauchamp) gaveMonast. Anglic Vol 1. 804 b. the Lordship of O • maresley to the Abbey of Bordsley, which Maud the Empress had Founded; and toMonast. Angli. Vol. 2. 529 b. n. 40. the Knights Templars two Hides of Land in Roeley.

To this William succeeded in these great inheritances, William William. his Son and Heir; who in 6 R. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 6 Ric. 1. Wigorn. to the King a fine of forty marks, to be freed from attending him at that time into Normandy; but died before the thirteenth of King Iohns Reign, as it seems; for it appearethRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Wigorn., that Guimer de Chancells, who had then the custody of his Lands; upon levying the Scutage of Wales, paid thirty two marks for those sixteen Knights Fees, which this William held; and that he left issue Walter his Son and Heir, then in minority; whose Wardship and Marriage, for the sum of Three thousand marks, Roger de Mortimer, and Isabel his Wife obtained 〈…〉 .

Which Walter was made Governor 〈…〉 of Hanley Castle, in Worc • stershire, in 17 Ioh. and and trusted with the Custody 〈…〉 of the same County, in that turbulent year: but falling off 〈…〉 from the King, to the Rebellious Barons, his Lands were seisedIbid. on, and he himself excommunicate Ibid.. Which so startled him, that he soon after made his peace with the King, and repaired Ibid. to Gualo the Popes Legate, for absolution; his Castle of Elmeley, till his returne, being committedIbid. to Walter de Lasci, Hugh de Mortimer, Walter de Clifford, and Iohn de Monemuth. Whose absolution 'tis like he obtained: for soon afterwards, upon security 〈…〉 given, by those eminent persons, unto King Henry the third (who by the death of his Father King Iohn, came to the Crown within the compass of that year) he had, in consideration of his future fidelity and service, restirution 〈…〉 of his Castle at Worcester, and likewise of the Sheriffalty of that County; with promise 〈…〉 to enjoy them until the King should accomplish the age of fourteen years; and longer at pleasure. But, there being some dispute, made at that time by the Bishop of Worce • ter, touching the outer ward of that Castle; the King directed his preceptClaus. 1 H. 3. m. 19. to the Sheriff, to summon twelve Knights, or other lawfull men of that County, who had no relation to either party: unto whom two Knights of Gloucestershire, were also added; to enquire touching the right of each, in the premisses; and to certifie what they should finde therein, unto William Marshall, then Governor of the King and Kingdom.

That which I find farther memorable of this Walter de Beauchamp, is, that being one of the Barons-Marchers (id est, confining on Wales) he gave security 〈…〉 to the King for his faithful service (as all the rest of the Barons-Marchers then did) untill Peace should be fully setled in the Realm: And for the better performance thereof, gave up Iames his younger Son, an Hostage 〈…〉 .

How he behaved himself after this, I have not seen; but certain it is, that his demeanor was not such as it ought; for in 20 Hen. 3. he came to a new attonement with the King; and gave 〈…〉 fifty marks Fine, besides the Aurum Reginae to the Queen, whereupon he had a new grant 〈…〉 of the hereditary Sheriffalty of • orcestershire. But long after this he lived not: for the same year, William William. his Son had Livery Rot. Fin 20 Hen. 3. m. 11. of his Lands, doing his Homage, and giving security 〈…〉 for the payment of an hundred pounds for his Releif.

Of which William I have not seen any thing memorable, untill 37 Henr. 3. that he attended Claus. 37 H. 3. m. 8. the King into Gascoigne.

But after that, scil. in 39 Hen. 3. he wasClaus. 40. H. 3. in dorso, m. 6. in that expedition made into Scotland, with Robert de Clare Earl of Gloucester. And in 41 Hen. 3. had summons 〈…〉 (with other great men) to attend the King at Chester, on the Feast day of S. Peter ad Vincula, well fitted with Horse and Armes, to oppose the hostile Incursions of Leweline Prince of Wales: As also another precept 〈…〉 to be at Bristol on the Octaves of the same Feast, in like sort accoutred: In consideration of which services, the King at the request 〈…〉 of the said Earl of Gloucester, respited 〈…〉 the payment of certain moneys, due by him to the Exchequer, untill a farther time: And in 42 Hen. 3. had the like summons 〈…〉 to be at Chester, upon Munday next after the feast of S. Iohn Baptist.

Moreover, in 44 H. 3. he had another summons 〈…〉 to be at Shrewsbury, so provided as abovesaid, upon the like accompt: and in 47 Hen. 3. to 〈…〉 attend the King at Hereford, to restrain the insolencies of the Welch, who had made incursions on the Marches thereabouts.

This is that William, who wedded 〈…〉 Isabel the Daughter of William Mauduit of Hanslape, in Com. Buck. Chamberlain to the King in his Exchequer, by inheritance; Sister and Heir to William Mauduit Earl of Warwick. Which Isabel had 〈…〉 in Frank-marriage all her Fathers Lands in Ledecumve; with proviso, that if they did not amount to the value of twenty pounds per annum, it should be made up elsewhere.

This William de Beauchamp gave 〈…〉 to the Abby of Bordsley, certain Lands in Bivinton, in Com. Warr. and by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date at Wauberge, upon the Morrow after the Epiphany, Anno 1268. 53 Henr. 3. bequeathed his body to be buried in the Church of the Friers-Minors 〈…〉 , at Worcester; appointing that at his Funeral, a Horse compleatly Harn • ssed, with all military Caparisons, should proceed before his Corps (which usage hath continued in the solemnizing of funerals, for great persons till our times.)

To a Priest to sing Mass daily in his Chapel, without the City of Worcester, near unto that house of Friers, he gave for the health of his Soul▪ and for the Souls of Isabel his Wife, Isabel de Mortimer, and all the faithful 〈◊〉 , all his Rent of the Fee of 〈…〉 in Wiche, and Winc • ester; with 〈…〉 what should be too short, out of his 〈…〉 per goods.

To Walter his Son, signed with the Cross, for a pilgrimage to the Holy-Land, on the behalf of the Testator (his Father 〈◊〉 Isabel his Mother, he gave two hundred Marks. 〈◊〉 Ioane his Daughter, a Canopy sometime belongi •• to S. Wolstan, and a Book of 〈◊〉 , which he (id est, the Testator) had lent them. To Isabel his Daughter a Silver Cup. To 〈◊〉 his D • ughter towards her Marriage, all the money 〈◊〉 to him from his Son William, and forty 〈◊〉 more, with the Land which he bought in 〈◊〉 ; to enjoy till she should be married, and no longer. To 〈◊〉 his Daughter an hundred marks for her Marriage portion. To William his 〈…〉 Cup and Hornes of St. Hugh; and to the Countess his Wife a Ring, with a Ruby it 〈◊〉 To Sir 〈◊〉 De Mortimer a Ring, to Sir 〈◊〉 de Suley a Ring. To the Frier-Minors of Worcester, forty shillings. To the Friers-Minors of Gloucester one mark. To the the Friers-Carmelites there, one mark. To the Hospital of S. W • lstan, at Worcester, one mark. To the Hospital of S. Oswald there, ten shillings. To the Canons of Doddeford, one mark. To the Church and Nunns of Cokehili, and Isabel his Wife ten marks. To the Church and Nunns of Westwood, one mark. To the Church and Nunns without W •• cester, one mark. To every Anchorite in Worcester, and the parts adjacent, four shillings. To the Church of Salewar • (in Com. Wig • rn.) a House and Garden near the Parsonage, to to finde a Lamp continually burning therein, to the Honor of God, the Blessed • irgin, S. Katherine, and S. 〈◊〉 .

Of which Testament he constituted these his Executors; viz. William his Eldest Son, Earl of Warwick, Sir Roger Mortimer, Sir Bartholomew de Sudley, with the Abbots of Evesham, and great Malverne.

It seemes he lived not long after; for I finde, that his Son and Heir; viz. William de Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, did his Homage 〈…〉 in the Chapel of Bredon, for the Lands he held of him, 2 Non. M • ii, An •• , 1269. Which was within four Months after the date of this Testament.

And now before I proceed, I shall observe two things; first, that the Lady 〈◊〉 Wife to this last mentioned William de 〈◊〉 , who, by the death of her Brother, William Mauduit Earl of 〈◊〉 , became Heir of this great Earldom, was not only Foundress 〈…〉 of the Nunnery at Cokehill, before mentioned; but betooke herself to a Religious life there, as may plainly be inferred from that Legacy wherein she is joyned with those Nunns. And secondly, that this William, the Testator, though his Lady was then living, and that they both together survived William de Mauduit, her Brother (to whom she was sole Heir) above a twelve Month; never had the title of Earl; but that William de Beauchamp, their Son and Heir, enjoyed that Honor whilst they lived; as is evident from these two passages in the Testament of William the Father; viz.—Item Willielmo primogenito meo, Cornua & Ciphum Se • nt Huwe; & filiae meae Comitissae, uxori suae, unum Annulum, cum lapide de Rubie. And afterwards,—Caetera autem bona mea commisi ordinationi & dispositioni dilectorum Executorum Testament mei, D. Rog • ri de Mortuomari, & Willieimi primogeniti mei Comitis Warewici.

In the first whereof he calls his Sons Wife Countess; and in the second plainly stiles him Earl. Which title he not only used in that Instrument Claus. 52 H. 3 in dorso, m 10. of Agreement, made betwixt him, and Alice the Widow of William Mauduit, the last Earl, in 52 Henr. 3. (whereof I have elsewhere spoke:) but hath the same title attributed Rot. Fin. 52 Hen. 3. m. 9. to him by the Kings precept dated 9 Martii, next ensuing the Earl his Uncles death (his Father and Mother being then both alive) By which preceptRot. Fin. 52 Hen. 3. m. 9. it is also evident, that he was in good esteem with the King: forasmuch as it thereby appears, that the King pardoned his releif, viz. one hundred pounds; and did likewise acquit him of ninety five pounds. Which summe, William de Mauduit the last Earl owed to a Jew in London.

This this William de Beauchamp might justly bear the title of Earl, by right from his Mother, she being Heir-general to William Mauduit, who last enjoyed that Honor; considering the custom of those elder times (as Mr. Selden in his 〈…〉 . Titles of Honor hath observed) I shall not stand here to argue: but whether he ought to have so done, before his Mothers decease, had it not been by the Kings special favor, I make a question: All therefore, that I shall say thereto, is; to shew some probable reason why that title was attributed to him, during her time; which is, from what I finde delivered by Leland Lel. Itin. Vol. 6. f. 71. out of an old Chronicle of the Gests of England; written in French (but with some Mistake) The words are these;

The old Lord Beauchamp of Helmeley, sent three or four of his Sons to the Battle of Evesham, to help King Henry the third, and Prince Edward, against Simon Montford, and the Barons; whereupon the eldest had Bellomonts Heir; and the residue were highly preferred. the Beauchamps afterwards kept the name of Earl of UUarwick, to King Edw. the fourths time.

Now, that the substance of this is true; viz. that for the service done in that Battle he had (by special favor) the title of Earl, is likely enough; but that he or his Father did marry the immediate Heir of Bell •• nont; or that the 〈◊〉 kept the name of Earl till Edward the •• urths time, cannot be proved.

To return to his Story.

This William upon the ninth of February, 52 Hen. 3. did his HomageRot. 〈◊〉 52 H 3 m 9. as Nephew and Heir to William Mauduit the last Earl for all the lands descended to him by his Fathers death. At which time the K. was pleased; in consideration Ibid. of his laudable services, to accept of him, for those which were due from his said Father, unto the Exchequer, twenty pounds per annum, untill they should be run up: and in farther remuneration of his services, remittedClaus. 53 H. 3. m. • . ninty five pounds of the same.

As to his military actions. In 2 Edw. 1. he was sentClaus. 2 • . 1. m • . with Roger de Clifford (a great Baron) and others, unto the Ford of Montgomery, to examine, hear, and redress the wrongs, and trespasses done in those parts, contrary to that form of peace, which was concluded betwixt King Henry the third and Leweline Prince of UUales; and to rectifie all things, according to the tenor of that agreement; at which meeting the Prince of UUales was to be; or send Commissioners on his part, to manage that business.

In 4 Edw. 1. he was madePat. 4 E. 1. m. 2. Captain general of all the Kings forces in Cheshire, and Lancashire, for the defence of those Counties against the excursions of the Welch: and the next ensuing year attendedPat. 5 E 1. m. 23. the King, in that notable Expedition into UUales, whereby he became victorious there.

This Earl hadPlac. de Banco, T. Pasch. 6 E. • . Rot. 6. great suits with William de Breause, for the Lordship of Gowher (commonly called Gowher-Land) in UUales, wrongfully given by King Iohn (4 Ioh.) to William Great-Grandfather of William de Breause, whilest Henry Earl of Warwick (Ancestor to this William de Beauchamp now Earl) was in his minority; but could not recover it.

In 10 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Mart▪ 10 E. 1. m 5. in that expedition, then made into Wales.

In 15. E. 1. he wasClaus. 〈◊〉 E. 1. m. • . again sent into Wales, at which time he besieged the Castle of Droslelan; and had two hundred and forty pounds delivered to him by the Bishop of Ely, then Lord Treasurer, for defraying his charges in that service. At that time the King being in France, constituted 〈…〉 Edmund Earl of Cornwall, his Lieutenant here in England, during his absence: who taking special care to keep all in quiet, directed his precept 〈…〉 to this our Earl, and other great men; striclty requiring them, that they should not ride with armed power, in any part of the Realm, for any respect whatsoever, to the terror of the Kings leige people, and disturbance of the peace: but, if any difference did arise betwixt them and others, they should make it known to the Earl of Cornwall, who would apply a timely remedy thereto.

In 20 Edw. 1. he obtained the Kings Licence 〈…〉 to raise an embattled Wall about part of his Mannor House at Hanslap, in Com Buck.

In 23 Edward. 1. being 〈…〉 again in Wales, with the King, he performed a notable exploit 〈…〉 ; viz. Hearing that a great body of the Welch were got together in a plain, betwixt two Woods; and to secure themselves had fastned their Pikes to the ground sloping, towards their assailants; he marched thither with a choice company of Cross-bow-men and Archers, and in the night time, encompassing them about, put betwixt every two Horse-men, one Cross-bow-man; which Cross-bow-men killing many of them that held the Pikes; the Horse charged in suddenly, and made a very great slaughter. This was done 〈…〉 near Montgomery.

In 24 Edw. 1. he received command 〈…〉 to be at New-Castle upon Tine, upon the first of March, well furnished with Horse and Arms for an expedition into Scotland: and afterwards was sentT Wals. p. 32. with Iohn Earl of Surrey, to recover the Castle of Dunbar, treacherously gained by the Scots; in which action they were constrained to cope with the whole Army of the Scots that came to raise the siege; but at length after a sharp dispute, obtained a glorious victory; the number slain being supposed ten thousand. Which great success caused the suddain render of that Castle.

In 25 Edw. 1. he received commandClaus. 25 E. • m. 14. 〈…〉 to be at London, upon Sunday next after the Octaves of St. Iohn Baptist, well accoutred with Horse and Arms, to attend the King into Flanders; but upon farther consideration, he was appointed to stay behinde, and madeTh. Wals. p. 39. n. 20. one of the Governors of Prince Edward (then in minority) during the Kings absence; whom the King had constituted his Lieutenant for that time.

In the same year he wasRot. Vascon. 25 E. 1. m. 4. in that expedition made into Gascoigns, in which service the English raised the siege of St. Catherines. He also had the CustodyRot. Fin. 25 E. 1. m. 8. of the Castle and Forest of Rokingham, about that time, committed to his trust: and before the end of the same year, was appointedClaus. 25 Ed. 1 in dorso, m. 26. to be at New-Castle upon Tine (viz. upon S. Nicholas day) to march against the Scots, with Prince Edward: but that proved an unhappy adventure; the English Army being for the most part destroyedTh. Wals. p. 39. n. 40., in attempting to pass the Bridge at Sterling.

It was likewise this year, and on Holy-Rood day (being in perfect health) that he made his TestamentGiff. f. 429. a.; whereby he bequeathed his body to be buried in the Quire of the Friers-minors (commonly called the Gray-Friers) at Worcester, in case he should depart this life within the compass of the four English Seas: If otherwise, then, in the next House of Friers-Minors, to that place where his death might happen; and his Heart, wheresoever the Countess (his dear Consort) should resolve herself to be interred. To which place of his burial, he bequeathed two great Horses; viz. those which at his Funeral should carry his Armor; for the solemnizing of which Funeral he gave two hundred pounds. Moreover he gave to the maintenance of two Souldiers in the Holy-Land, one hundred pound. To Maude his Wife, all his silver Vessel; with the Cross wherein was contained part of the Wood of the very Cross, whereon our Saviour died. Likewise the vestments of his Chapel, to make use of during her life; but afterwards, the best suit to Guy his eldest Son; the second suit to his Chapel of Ha • slape; and the third to his Chapel of Anneley. Henley. To Guy his Son a Gold Ring, with a Ruby in it; together with his Blessing. To his said Wife a Cup, which the Bishop of Worcester gave him. All his other Cups, with his lesser sort of Jewels and Rings; he likewise gave unto her, to distribute for the health of his Soul, where she should think best.

To his two Daughters, then Nunns at Shouldham, in Comit. Norf. (a Monastry of their Great-Grandfathers foundation, by the Mothers side) he gave fifty marks.

As to his farther works of Piety; he was a Benefactor 〈…〉 to the Canons of Thelesford, in Com. War. and ratified 〈…〉 the Grant of Warmington, made by Henry de Newburgh, sometime Earl of Warwick, to the Monks of Preaux, in Normandy.

He bore for his armsEx Segillo. penè. S. Arch • r equ. aur. Gules, seme of Cross-Crosselets, with a Fesse Or. Which Cross-Crosselets were added to his Coat; for his Father used them not; but whether in testimony of any Pilgrimage by him made into the Holy-Land, or vow so to do, I cannot determine.

He weddedRot. Fin. 26 E. 1. m. 13. Maude, eldest of the four Sisters and Heirs to Richard Fitz-Iohn, Son of Iohn Fitz-Geffrey Justice of Ireland, and Widow of Gerard de Furnival; which Maud had 〈…〉 for her purparty, of her Fathers, Lands in England, the Mannors of Chiriel, in Com. Wilts. Potters-Pirie, in Com. Northamp. and Querndon, in Com. Buck. and in Ireland 〈…〉 six Villages, an half and fourth part, in that Cantred, called the Cantred of the Isles of Thomond.

And departedEsc. 26 E 1. n. 41. this life, either in May, or the beginning of Iune, Anno, 1298. (26 Edw. 1.) leaving Guy Guy his Son and Heir, twenty six years of age; who doing his Homage 25 September following had LiveryRot. Fin. 26 E. 1. m. • . of is Fathers Lands; and upon the second of Iune, next after that, performed the like HomageRot. Fin. 26 E. 1. m. 8. for the Lands descended to him by the death of Maud his Mother, who died the same year.

¶This Guy had his name (out of doubt) in memory of that Famous Guy Earl of Warwick, so renowned for his Valor in the Saxons times.

The same year that his Father died he had summondsClaus. 26. E. 1 in dorso. m. 6. (amongst others) to be a Carleol, on the Eve of Pentecost, well furnished with Horse and Armes, to march into Scotland; that being the time the King made his Expedition, in person thither; and obtained a great Victory at Faukirk; in which Battle he behaved himself so bravely; that he had, as a reward Cartular. War. Com. f. 174. b. of his Valor, all the Castles and lands, of Geffrey de Moubray lying in that Kingdom; excepting the Lordship of Okeford, near Ro • borough. LikewiseCartular. War. Com. f. 174. b. all the Lands of Iohn de Strivelin: Also the Castle of Amesfeld, with the Land of Drungrey, belonging to Andrew de Charteres; whereof they the said Geffrey, Iohn, and Andrew were SeizedTh. Wal. p. 42. n. 40. upon S. Mary Magdalens day, the year that Battle was fought.

In 27 Edw. 1. he wasRot. Scoc. 27 E. 1. m. 16. again in the Wars of Scotland; and the same year imployedPat. 27. E 1. m. 25. beyond-Sea, in the Kings service.

In 31 Edw. 1. he again attendedFx ve • Rot. penès W • le Neve eq aur Cl. the King into Scotland; and wasFx ve • Rot. penès W • le Neve eq aur Cl. in person with him at that memorable Seige of Cae • laverock. In 32 Edward. 1. he continuedRot Scoc. 32 E. 1. m. 2. in those Warrs of Scotland.

In 34 E. 1. he was 〈…〉 again in Scotland.

The same year he had SummonsClaus. 34 Edw. 1. in dorso, m. 16. in 〈◊〉 . (amongst other of the Nobles) to be at Westminster, the morrow after Trinity-Sunday; there to advise with the King, concerning an Aid for the making his eldest Son Knight.

And in 35 Edw. 1. in consideration 〈…〉 of his many and great services, obtained a Grant 〈…〉 to himself and his Heirs, of Bernard-Castle in the Bishoprick of Durham; together with that whole Town and Lordship: Likewise of the Mannor of Middleton, with the Chases thereto belonging, and Mannor of Gainsford,; all which Agnes the Wife of Hugh de Baillol held for life: and moreover all those Lands in that Bishoprick, which Alianore the Wife of Alexander de Baillol held for life; all which Castles, Lordships, Mannors, and Lands, were part of the possessions of Iohn de Baillol, then the Kings Enemy and Rebell.

In this 35 year K. Edward Lel Col. Vol. 1. 664. lying on his deathbed at Burg • upon the Sands, in Cumberland; callingLel Col. Vol. 1. 664. divers of his Nobility to him, and amongst them thisLel Col. Vol. 1. 664. Earl Guy, desiredLel Col. Vol. 1. 664. them to be good to his Son and not to suffer Piers Gavesto • to return again into England.

I come now to King Edward the seconds Reign.

In 5 Edw. 2. this Guy tookTh. Wals. p. 74. n. 40. part with Thomas Earl of Lancaster, and those other Nobles; who being discontented, that Picrs Gaveston had such power with the King, as tended to the ruine of many others; putIbid. p. 75. n. 30. themselves in Arms, and took him at Scardeburg • . Whereof the King having notice, he desired to speak with him; and that his life might be saved; promising, that in all things he would satisfie their requests. Which motion and assurance, so wroughtIbid. n. 40. upon the Earl of Pembroke (who was one of those that acted in this Tragedy) that he undertook, upon forfeiture of all he had, in case they would assent to the Kings proposals, he would take care that Piers should not escape; but, after conference with the King, stand to the judgement of the Barons. Which was yeilded unto, and a day and place assigned, when he should be delivered back to them. Whereupon the Earl of Pembroke resolved to carry him to Wallingford: But beingIbid. p. 76. on his journey at Dedington, in •• fordshire where he had left a guard of his own servants to attend him, himself and his Lady lodging at the next town; this Guy Earl of Warwick, came 〈…〉 in the night with a number of Armed Men, and took him back to Warwick-Castle: where, consulting with those about him, what then to do, they presently determined to cut off his head; and accordingly did 〈…〉 so, upon a 〈◊〉 ground, called 〈◊〉 -Hill, about a mile Northwards from Warwick.

Which being done, the Friers preachers took care of his body, and conveyed it to Oxford; whence (after two years) the King removed Ibid. n. 20. it to 〈◊〉 in Herefordsrhire; causing it to be interred in the Church of the Friers-Preachers there; which he founded, to pray for the Soul of Piers and his Progenitors.

It seems that this Piers had much irritated the Earl, in callingIbid. p. 76. n. 10. him th. black Dog of Arden, because he was of a swarthy complexion: but what sway the great men then bore; having possessedIbid. p. 74. n. 30. & 70. n. 10. the people, that all they did was for the honor of God, and good of the Realm, is not hard to discern: for though the King did sufficiently take this murther to heart (for it was no better) he knew not how to punish one actor in it: nay so glad he was to please them, that within two years after, he he granted 〈…〉 to each of them a Pardon by particular name.

But however this Earl thus obtained pardon, I do not find, that he was heartily reconciled; for 〈…〉 , upon the Kings advance, that very 〈◊〉 toward Scotland; expecting 〈…〉 at 〈◊〉 , the Assistance of all those who held of 〈…〉 military service; he declined then to do 〈◊〉 , nay there was faith 〈…〉 Walsingham latens odium, a secret hatred betwixt the King and the Nobles, especially the Earls of Lancaster, and Wa •• wick, with their adherents.

And now, after all these turmoils; drawing near the end of this transitory life, in the prime of his days (being about forty-four years of age) he bestowedCartular. War. Con. 134 a. on the Monks of B •• dsley, for the good estate of himself, and for the health of his Father and Mothers Souls; as also for the Souls of his Ancestors and Successors, the Advowson of the Church of Wickwane in Gloucestershire. How far farther he was a Benefactor to that Monastry I cannot say; but 'tis very like, that he gave somewhat more; for it appears that these Monks by their publique InstrumentIbid. f. 34. • ., in full chapter, granted to him and his heirs, by the attribute of Dilecto & speciali amico; their beloved and singular friend, power to present two Monks successively in their Covent; who should daily sing Mass, in the Church of that Monastry, for the health of his Soul; as also for the Souls of Earl William his Father, Maud his Mother and their Ancestors for ever. And besides this he was the first FounderRot. J. 〈◊〉 of that Chantrey (or Colledge) of Priests at Elmeley, in Worcestershire.

I come now to his TestamentMayd. f. 〈◊〉 . a., which bears date at Warwick Castle, on Munday next after the Feast of S. Iames the Apostle, An. 1315. (9 Edw. 2.) by which he bequeathed his Body to sepulture in that Abbey of Bordfley; but willed, that his Funeral Rites should be performed without any great pomp.

To Alice his Wife, he devisedIbid. a proportion of his Plate, with a Chrystal Cup, and half his Bedding; as also, all the Vestments and Books pertaining to his Chappel; the other moity of his Beds, Rings, and Jewels, to his two Daughters; to Maud his Daughter, a Chrystal Cup; to Elizabeth his Daughter, he gave the marriage of Astleys heir, (whom she took to Husband;) to Thomas his Son, his best Coat of Mail, Helmet, and Suit of Harness, with all that belonged thereto; to his Son Iohn, his second Coat of Mail, Helmet, and Harness; and appointed, that all the rest of his Armor, Bows, and other warlike provisions, should remain in Warwick Castle for his Heir: And departing 〈…〉 this life at his said Castle of Warwick, upon the Twelfth of August, next following, (by poyson 〈…〉 , as some thought) was buried 〈…〉 in the Abbey of Bordsley before mentioned.

This Earl Guy before his death, obtained a Grant from the King, that his Executors, when it should fortune him to depart this life, might have the custody of his Lands, during the minority of his Heir; being answerable for the value of them to the Exchequer, at Michaelmass and Easter, every year: Provided, that his Castles of Elmley and Warwick, should not be disposed of to any, without the Kings special License. But notwithstanding this Grant, and a confirmation 〈…〉 thereof after his death, to Iohn Hamelyn and the rest of his Exec • tors, in December next following his death; so much was the King wrought upon by those persons, whose miscarrriages, ere long, gave the discontented Nobles opportunity to work his own Ruine; that, about two years after, he passed the custody of those Castles and Lands, by a new Patent 〈…〉 , unto Hugh le Despencer the elder; in satisfaction of a debt of 6770 l. due to him from the King, as it was pretended.

A word now of Alice the Wife of this great Earl. She wasRot. J. Ro • s. the Daughter of Ralph de Tony, of Flamsted, in Hertfordshire, WidowEsc. 10 E. 2. of Thomas de Leybourne; and at length HeirRot Fin. 3 Edw. • . m. 7. to Robert her Brother. In November following the death of her Husband, she had assignedClaus. 9 H. 2. m. 22. to her in Dowry, the Mannors of Hanslape, in Com. Buck. Lyghthorne, Beausale, Haseleye, Claverdon, Berkswell, with the third part of the Templars Mannor in Warwick, and Shirbourne, and diversIbid. m. 13. Knights fees in Warwickshire. And the next year following, gave a fineRot. Fin. 10 E. 2. m. 12. of five hundred Marks, for licence to marry with William la Zouche of Ashoy, in Com. Leicest. to whom she was accordingly wedded 〈…〉 ; and died 〈…〉 in 18 Edw. 2.

By this Alice he had issue two Sons; viz. 〈…〉 Thomas, who succeeded him in this Earldom; and Iohn a Martial Knight: as also five Daughters; Maud married 〈…〉 to Geffrey Lord Say; Emme to Rouland Odingsells; Isabel to 〈…〉 ... Clinton; Elizabeth to 〈…〉 Thomas Lord Astley; and Lucia 〈…〉 to Robert de Napton.

But before I proceed with my discourse of Thomas his Son and Successor, I shall take leave to say something of Iohn his younger Brother.

Iohn a younger Son to Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick.

THis Iohn became a person of singular note in his time.

In 12 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 in that expedition, then made into Flanders, and in 13 Edw. 3. was 〈…〉 an eminent commander in the third Batalia of the Kings Army, drawn out at Uyron • osse, against the French.

In 14 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 in that great Naval fight betwixt the King of England's Fleet, and the French, before Sluice in Flanders. In 16 Edw. 3. being possessed of the Lordships of Beoley, and Yardley in Worcestershire; he obtained a CharterCart. 16 E. 3. n. 13. for Free-Warren in all his Demesne Lands there. In 17 Edw. 3. he recievedPat. 25 E. 3. p. 1. m. 20. the order of Knighthood withPat. 25 E. 3. p. 1. m. 20. twenty pounds per annum for his better support in the Kings service.

In 20 E. 3. he attendedRot. Franc. 20 E. 3. m. 5. the King into Normandy; and carriedPat. 25 E. 3. p. 1. m. 2. the Standard-royal, in that great Battle of Cressey.

In 22 Edw. 3. he was at that Famous Tourneament 〈…〉 at Canterbury, accountred with a surcote of fine silk, adorned with the Arms of Sir Stephen Cosyngton Knight; and, for his singular demerits made 〈…〉 a Banneret; having one hundred and forty pounds per annum granted 〈…〉 to him out of the Exchequer for his better support of that dignity. He was likewise, the same year made Captain 〈…〉 of Calais; and in 23 E. 3. constituted Admiral 〈…〉 of all the K. Fleet, from the mouth of Thames, to the Westwards.

In 25 Ed. 3. being still 〈…〉 Captain of Calais, he issued 〈…〉 out with three hundred men at Armes, and two hundred Archers, and plundered the Countrey for ten miles; and in his return, meeting with the Lord of Bealreu and two thousand men at Arms, had 〈…〉 a sharp Skirmish with them, wherein that Lord was slain 〈…〉 .

InPat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49. 26 Edw. 3. Iohn Darcy of • nayth, to whom the King had granted the Constableship of the Tower of London for life, for the great affection he bore to this Iohn de Beauchamp, passed Pat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49. over his interest in that Command to him which the King ratifiedPat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49.: howbeit within two years after, throughPat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49. sinister suggestions, the King displaced him, and constitutedPat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49. Bartholmew de Burg • ersh in his stead; and after him Robert de Morley: but it appearingPat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49. at length that those suggestions were false, he was received again into favorPat. 34 E. 3. p. 1. m. 49.; and in 29 Ed. 3. again, madeRot Franc. 29 E. 3. m. 1. Captain of Calais, together with the Castle of • uynes, and Forts of Merk, Colne, Eye, and Sandgate; as also Admiral: And for his better support in those services obtained Pat. 29 H. 3. m. 4. the Lordships of Ewell, Ebesham, and Kingswode, to be assigned unto him for his Livery.

In 30 Edw. 3. he wasRot. • ranc. 30 E. 3. m. 8. again in the Warrs of France: and in 31 Edw. 3. had his Commission Rot. 〈◊〉 31 E. 3. m. 18. for Captain of Cala • s, and those other Forts renewed.

In 33 Edw. 3. he was againRot. Vascon. 33 • . 3. m. 8. in France: and in 34 Edw. 3. made once morePat. 34. E. 3. p. 1. m • 5. Constable of the Tower of London: And the same year madePat. 34. E. 3. p. 1. m. • 5. Constable of Dover-Castle. Warden of the Cinque-ports for Life, and AdmiralRot. Franc. 34 E. 3. m. 6. of the Seas, for the South, North, and West-Coasts.

He was likewise one of the FoundersCambd. Bri • . Berks. of the most Noble Order of the Garter: and departing Esc. 35 E. 3. n. 76. this Life without issue, 2 Decem. 34 E. 3. lyeth buriedLel. Coll. Vol. 3. p. 208. betwixt two Pillars on the South part of the Cathedral Church of Saint Paul in London, before the Image of our Lady; where he had a Noble Monument, which was usually called Duke Humphreys Tombe. He had summons Claus. de iisdem ann. in dorso. to the Several Parliaments from 24 unto 34 Edw. 3. inclusive. And for his residence in the City of London, builtStows Survey. p. 408. a. a fair house in the Parish of S. Andrew near Baynard's-Castle; which by his Executors, being soldStows Survey. p. 408. a. to King Edward the third, was afterwards made use of forStows Survey. p. 408. a. the Kings great Wardrobe.

I now returne to Thomas the succeeding Earl, bornRot. Joh. Ro • s. in Warwick-Castle; having to his Godfathers Rot. Joh. Ro • s. Thomas Earl of Lancaster, and Henry his Brother, with Thomas de Warington Prior of Kenilworth.

This Thomas was not two years old at his Fathers Death; yet who had the Custody of him during King Edward the second's Reign, I find not. Most like it is, that Hugh le Despencer (the great favorite of that time) having a grant of his Lands (as hath been observed) had also the tuition of his person. But certain it is, that in 12 Ed. 2. (which was about three years after his Fathers death) the King wroteRot. 〈◊〉 18 E. • . m. 9. to the Pope; that, there having been great Contention and Discord betwixt Guy de Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, then lately deceased; and Roger de Mortimer Lord of Wigmore, touching certain Lands in the Marches of Wales; he desired for the future appeasing of them, that this Thomas, thus in minority, should marry one of the Daughters of the same Roger de Mortimer: and therefore besoughtRot. 〈◊〉 18 E. • . m. 9. his Holiness, for a special Dispensation to that purpose; by reason they were allied together in the third and fourth degrees of Consanguinity.

And in 18 of his Reign sentRot Ror. 18 Edw. 2. m. 2. other Letters to the Pope; representing the animosities and discontents amongst divers of his Nobles, with the dangers imminent to the whole Realm thereby, and for the quieting whereof, desired his Dispensation for several intermarriages of their Children; which otherwise, by reason of their near alliance to each other in blood, could not be lawful: and in particular instancedRot Ro • . 18 Edw. 2. m. 2. for this Thomas the young E. of Warwick, and one of the Daughters of Edmund Earl of Arundel.

Howbeit notwithstanding these last Letters, the first became most prevalent (as I shall shew by and by) for in order thereto, the Lord Mortimer in 1 Edw. 3. obtainedRot. Fin. 1 E. 3. m. 23. the custody of Warwick-Castle, and the rest of his lands, untill he should come to full age: but in 3 E. 3. the King being minded to do him a special favor (as the words of his preceptClaus. 3 Edw. 3. m. 35. do import) acceptedClaus. 3 Edw. 3. m. 35. of his Homage, though he was not then of full age; commanding, that he should have Livery of all his Fathers Lands: and the next ensuing year, admittedClaus. 4 E. • . m 4. him to the Sheriffalty of Worcestershire, which was of his inheritance; as also toIbid. m 42. his Office of Chamberlain in the Exchequer; with power to appoint whomsoever he should think fit, for the executing of both those services, in such sort as in his ancestors times had been used. And in 5 E. 3. made him GovernorPat. 5 E 3. p. 2. m. 2. of the Isles of Gernsey, Serke, and Aureney.

And now that he arrived to years of Action, he was scarce ever out of some great and memorable imployment. for in 7 Edw. 3. he attendedClaus. 7 E. 3. in dors • m. 16. the King in his Scottish Expedition; at which time Edward de Baillol did Homage to King Edward for the Realm of Scotland, with the adjacent Isles. In 9 Edw. 3. he was againRot. Scoc. 9 E. 3. m. 27. in the Warrs of Scotland; and had the Guardianship of the Marches then committedTh. Wals. p. 115. n. 40. to his trust. In 10 Edw. 3. he continuedRot. Scoc. 10 E 3. m. 27. still there. And in 11 Edw. 3. was the principal person in CommissionRot Scoc. 1 • E. 3. m. 14., to conferr with those of the Nobility, and others, who were marching into that Realm; and to declare unto them the Kings pleasure, as to their actings and stay there. All this being, whilest he lived a Batchelor: for in 12 Edw. 3. the King having, in satisfactionPat. 12 E 3. p. 1. m. 30. of a great summe of money, which he owed to Roger Lord Mortimer, for the time he was his Lieutenant of Ireland, grantedPat. 12 E 3. p. 1. m. 30. unto him the benefit of the marriage of this Earl, he thereupon tookIbid. to Wife the Lady Catherine Mortimer his Daughter.

In 13 Edw. 3. he was with King Edward at Uyronfosse; and commandedFroissard. f. 23. b. in a Wing of the Army, there drawn up to give Battle to the French.

After this his marriage, viz in 14 Edw. 3. he attendedRot. Aleman. 14 E. 3. m. 25. the King in that expedition then designed for Flanders; in which passage, the King obtainedTh. Wals. 134. n. 20, & 30. a notable Victory at Sea upon the French Fle • t, that lay to obstruct his landing there.

In 15 Edw. 3. he wasFroissard. f. • 6. a. at that famous Feast and • usts held at London, by King Edward, for the love of the Countess of Salisbury. And in 16 Edw. 3. in order to a Voyage-Royal, which the King intended for France, was sentRot. Franc. 16 E. 3 m 39. with the Bishop of London, and some others, as Commissioners, to treat with the Kings friends and allies, in Brabant and Flanders, touching that affair: and likewise with Philip de Valois, upon other particulars.

In the same year beingClaus. 1 • E. 3. p 2. m. 32. Rot Fra • . 16 〈◊〉 . m. 15. in that expedition then made into Britanny, he had an assignationClaus. 1 • E. 3. p 2. m. 32. Rot Fra • . 16 〈◊〉 . • . m. 15. of an hundred and twenty sacks of Wooll, for the wages of fourscore men at Arms, himself accounted; one Baneret, eighteen Knights, threescore Esquires, and an hundred Archers on Horseback: and being at the SiegeFroiss. 〈◊〉 . f. 48. • of Nants, SkirmishedFroiss. 〈◊〉 . f. 48. • so stoutly with the Army upon a Sally then made, that they were forced in again. The next ensuing year, he marchedTh. Wals. p. 150. into Scotland, with Henry Earl of Lancaster, for raising the Seige of Loughmaban-Castle, whereof William de Bohun then Earl of Northampton was Governor. And before the end thereof, was sentRot. Franc. 17 E. 3. m. 12., with the Earl of Lancaster, and others, to the Pope, for ratifying the peace, then concluded on, betwixt King Edward, and Philip de Valois.

In 18 Edw. 3. he had a grantRot. Fi • . 18 E. 3. m. 21. of the Sheriffalty of Warwick and Leicestershires, for terme of his life: and was the same year constitutedPat. 18 E. 〈◊〉 p. 1. m. 18. Marshal of England.

In this year likewise he wentRot. Franc. 18 E. 3. m. 17. again into France, and continuedRot. Franc. 19 E. 3. m. 11. in the Warrs there, the greatest part of the next ensuing year.

In 20 Edw. 3. he attendedRot. Franc. 20 E. 3. m. • . 3 the King in another expedition thither; where arivingYpod. Ne • str. • p. 118. n. 30. with him at Hoggs in Normandy, in the Month of Iuly, he manifested his valor to admiration; by making the first attemptYpod. Ne • str. • p. 118. n. 30. there, with one Esquire and fix Archers, though he had but a weak Horse: with which, and those few men, he encountredYpod. Ne • str • p. 118. n. 30. with an hundred Normans, whereof he slewYpod. Ne • str. • p. 118. n. 30. sixty; thereby making way for the Army to Land. And in the same year wasHist. MS. H. Knighton. f. 145. a. Froiss •• d, f 63. b. one of the chief Commanders, that, with the Black Prince led the Van of his Army, in that famous Battle of Cressey, where the English gained lasting Honor.

In 21 Edw. 3. he wasMS. in bibl. Cotton. Tiberius E. 9. f. 233 at the Siege of Calais, with three Banerets, threescore and one Knights, an hundred and six Esquires, and an hundred and fifty four Archers on Horseback. In considerationPat. 21 Edw. 3. p 3. m. 〈◊〉 . of which notable services, and other his heroick exploits, the King gavePat. 21 Edw. 3. p 3. m. 〈◊〉 . him the summe of one thousand three hundred sixty six pounds, eleven shillings, and eight pence. And the next ensuing year, assignedPat. 22 E. 3. p. 2. m. 5. unto him a thousand marks per ann. during his life; partly in recompence of his faithfull services; and partly as wages for his attendance on his person with an hundred men at Arms, according to certain Indentures of Covenants made betwixt them.

In 26 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 26 E. 3. • 5. one of the Commissioners assigned for the arraying all sorts of men able; aswell Knights, and Esquires, as other, within the Counties of Warwick, Leicester, and Worcester, for defence of the Realm, against the French, then threatning an Invasion. And in this year recoveredPlac. de • anco Term. Mich. 26 E 3. Rot. 132. &c. the Dominion of Gowher in Wales, from Iohn Lord Moubray, whose title thereto accrued by Aliva his Daughter, and Heir to William de Braose, to whom King Iohn during the minority of Henry Earl of Warwick, wrongfully gave the same.

In 27 Edw. 3. he was sentHist. MS. H. Knighton. f. 157. with Edward Prince of Wales, Henry Duke of Lancaster, and Ralph Earl of Stafford, to Protect Sir Richard de Willoughby, and Sir William de Shareshull, Justices Itinerant, whilest they sate at Chester, for fear of any Insurrection by the people.

In 29 Edw. 3. he attended 〈…〉 Prince Edward into France; this being the time, that the King hearing, that Philip King of France was dead, and that Iohn his eldest Son (then newly Crown'd) had gived unto Charles the Daulphin of Uiennois, the Dukedom of Aquitane; and whereat being much moved, he called the Prince with divers of his Nobles before him, and assigned that Dukedom unto him. But before the revolution of one year, after such their arrival in France hapned 〈…〉 that memorable Battle at Poytiers; in which the King of France being taken Prisoner, this noble Earl gained high renown, for his marvellous valor; and no small benefit; for he hadPat. 37 E. • . p. 1. m. 25. no less than eight thousand pounds for the Ransom of William de Melleun, Archbishop of Seinz, whom he himself tookPat. 37 E. • . p. 1. m. 25. Prisoner at that time; where he fought so long and so stoutly, as that his hand was galledMS. in bibl. • o • l Cantuar. K. 8 • ▪ •• 3 with the exercise of his Sword and Poll-Axe.

In 31 Edw. 1. he wasRo • . Vascon. 3 • E. 3. m. 16. again in the Wars of France. Likewise in 33 Edw. 3.

In 34 Edw. 3. he obtainedCart. 34 E. 3. & 35 n. 14. the Kings confirmation of Gowherland, in Wales, and of the Castle of Swinesey. And in 36 Edw. 3. beingRot. vascon. 3 • E. 3. m 4. in another expedition thither, he marchedRot. Franc. 36 E. 3. m. 5. in the retinue of Iohn Duke of Britany.

In 37 Edw. 3. he attendedEx Autogr. penès Tho. Co • item 〈◊〉 . Prince Edward into Gascoigne, and thence beginning his travailHist MS. • h. Rous p. 253. into more remote Countries, had at the request of the Pope Leters of safe conductEx Autog. penès praetatum Comitem Elginiae. from the Governor of Dauphine, and Uiennois, to pass without interruption through those parts; havingEx Autog. penès praetatum Comitem Elginiae. no less than three hundred Horse for his Attendants and Train; which consisted of Knights, Esquires, Archers, Friends and Servants; Sire Iaques de Artevile, with ten persons of his Company, being appointedEx Autog. penès praetatum Comitem Elginiae. to guide and guard him through those Provinces.

And having in this Journey spentHist. MS. • eh. Rous, ut supra. full three years, in warring against the Pagans; at his returne, broughtHist. MS. • eh. Rous, ut supra. with him the Son to the King of Lituania, whom he Christned at London, and being his GodfatherHist. MS. • eh. Rous, ut supra. named him Thomas.

In 40 Edw. 3. he was sentClaus. 40 E 3. m. 4. by the King, upon special service into Flanders; having an allowanceClaus. 40 E 3. m. 4. of five marks per diem, and two marks and an half assigned unto him, by way of reward, out of the Exchequer. In which year his CommissionPat. 40 E. 3. p. • m 16., for Marshal of England, was renewed.

In 41 Edw. 3. he was joyned in CommissionRot. Scoc. 41 E. 3. m 5. with the Bishop of Durham, and others to supervise the Marches of Scotland; and to treat with David de Bruys, concerning certain injuries done by the Scots, contrary to the Articles of Truce formerly made at Barwick. In 42 Edw. 3. he was sent 〈…〉 (with the Earl of Sa • sbury, and others) to Calais, with five hundred men at Arms, and five hundred Archers: and marching thence to S. Omers, had 〈…〉 a Skirmish at the Gates of the Town.

But having now no more to say to his publick imployments; saving of that wherein he died; and that he was one of the Founders 〈…〉 of the most noble Order of the Garter instituted by King Edward the third. I will here take notice of his pious works; and likewise of his Testament; and then come to his death, with the circumstances thereof.

To the Collegiate-Church of Warwick, he gaveR • g • st. Colleg 〈◊〉 War • . penès Remem. Regis 〈◊〉 Scac. f. 61. b. &c. the Advowson of the Church at Pillerton-Hercy, in Com. Warr. ToPat. 10 E 3. p. 1. m 9. the Canons of Kenilworth, two Messuages and one Yard-land, lying in Radford-Semeli. ToPat. 16. E. 3. p 1. m. 9. the Prio • y of Clatercote, in Com. Oxon. the patronage of the Church of Rotley, in Warwickshire. ToPat. 19 E. 3. p. 2. m 12. the Hospital of S. Iohn Baptist, in Warwick, the moity of the Church of Morton-d' Aubenei, in Comit. War. ToPat. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. • 2. the Canons of Maxstoke, one Yard-land, and one Acre, lying in Yerdley, in Com. Wigorn. with the Advouson of the Church. ToIbid. m. • 0. the Collegiate-Church of Astley, the Advouson of the Church of Long-Stanton, in Comit. Cantabr. And that he was a good Benefactor to the Monks of Abingdon, I shall not doubt, though I have not seen in what particulars; for I find, that the Abbot and Covent of that House, by their publick Instrument 〈◊〉 . Warw. Comitum f. 45. a. bearing date 5 Id. Martii, anno 1344. Which doth give a general Testimony thereof; not only make him a special partaker of all their devout Excercises; but declared, that whensoever the tidings of his death should come to their knowledge, they would performe the like solemn Office for him; aswell in all the Covents of their Order in this Realm, as in their own: and not only so, but in the the Houses of divers Canons Regular also, as was usually done for any of their own Fraternity, Friends, or Benefactors,

His TestamentWhitlesey, f. 510. bears date at Chelchench (id est • hels • y juxta Westminster) on Tuesday 6 Sept. Anno 1369. (43 Edw. 3.) whereby he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the midst of the Quire of the Collegiate Church of Warwick. To every Church within each of his Mannors, he gave his best Beast, which should there be found; in satisfaction for his Tithes forgotten, and not paid. To Thomas his Son and Heir, a Ring and Cup with a Cover; the best next that which his Daughter Stafford should choose; with the Sword and Coate of Male, sometime belonging to that famous • uy of ••• wick; appointing that all his Harness, Weapons, and such like habiliments, aswell for Peace as Warr, should be equally divided betwixt his two Sons; viz. Thomas and Wil • iam.

To his Son Wil • iam he gave also, a Ring, and a Cup with a Cover; the best next after his elder Brother had chosen; with twenty four Dishes, and as many Saucers of Silver; as also two Basons and two Ewers, with twelve pieces of Silver.

To Isabel his Daughter, a thousand pounds to her marriage. To Margaret his Daughter, a Nunn at Shouldham in Norfolk, a Ring, and a Cup with a Cover; as also forty Marks in Money. To Katherine the Daughter of his Son Guy (a Nunn likewise at shouldham) a Gold Ring, with twenty pounds in money; and for the charges of his Funeral five hundred marks. Hereunto adding, that his Executors should make full satisfaction to every man, whom he had in any sort wronged. Likewise, that his Son William should have Lands of four hundred marks per annum value, settled upon him, and his heirs male. Moreover that the Testament of the Countess his Wife, should be compleatly performed and fulfilled, out of his goods. Also, that his Executors should new build the Quire of the Collegiat Church in Warwick, where he purposed to be buried. That with the residue of his goods his Executors should cause Masses to be • ung for his Soul; and distribute Almes, with all speed that might be; especially at Bordes • ey Worcester, and Warwick; as also in other places of the Countrey, whereunto he had most relation. And that all the Vestments of his Chapel, should be given to the Collegiat Church at Warwick, where he had made choice of his Sepulture.

His Jewels he thus disposed; To his Daughter Stafford an Ouche called the Eagle, which the Prince gave him; all his Pearles, and a Cross made of the very Wood of our Saviours Cross; a Ring with an Emrald, which his Countess bequeathed unto him; another Ring whereof she herself was to make choice; a set of Beads of Gold, with Buckles, which the Queen gave him; and the choice of one of his Cups of Gold, with that Silver Bowl, which he always used himself: as also his best Bed, with the whole furniture thereto.

To his Daughter Alice, his next best Ouche, which his Lady (the Countess) gave him; with a Cup of Gold, a set of Beads, and a Ring. To his Daughter Clifford an Ouche called the Eagle, which his Son William had bestowed on him for a New-years-gift; with a Cup, a set of Beads of Gold, and a Ring.

To his Daughter Isabel a Cup with an Ewer, and a Cover to it guilt; and his next best Ring after his other Daughters before remembred, had chosen. To the Bishop of Lincoln, a Cross of Gold, which the Lady Segrave gave him, that had sometimes been the good King Edwards; wherein likewise was part of the very Cross of Christ, and other Reliques. To his Son William a Casket of Gold, with a Bone of S. George, which Thomas Earl of Lancaster bestowed on him at his Christening.

To Sir Iohn Beauchamp a Cross of Gold; wherein part of the very Cross of our Saviour was contained, enameled with the Arms of England; and also his best Tilting-horse. To Sir Roger Beauchamp a Ring, the best he could choose, after the r • st which were disposed of; and his next best Tilting-Horse.

To Sir Guy de Brienne, a Cup and a Horse, the next best also that he could choose.

All the rest of his Jewels, he appointed that his Executors should dispose of for his Souls benefit, which were these; viz. the Earl of Stafford, Thomas and William his own Sons, Sir Roger de Beauchamp, Sir Guy de Bryenne, Sir Iohn de Beauchamp, Sir Ralph Basset of S • pcote, Knights; Sir Richard Piriton, Governor of Northampton, Sir William Forde, Sir Alan Fen, Sir Iohn Blake, Sir Iohn Harwood, Sir William M • rton, and Iohn Rous; all which last mentioned were Priests as I conceive.

Touching his death the manner thereof was thus 〈…〉 ; King Edward having called a Parliament at London in the 43 year of his Reign, wherein the breach of Peace by the French was discussed, sent an Army into France▪ about the Feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin; under the conduct of his Son Iohn Duke of Lancaster, and Humphrey de Behun Earl of Hereford, to claim his right therein: who being g • t ever-S • a, encamped at a place called the Chalke-Hull, near Calais; towards whom the French presently advanced: but the two English Dukes, delayd fighting so long as that their Army gr • w in want for provisions (so that many dyed by Famine and the Plague) and pretended they were not strong enough to give them Battle, without more men.

In which interim this Earl of Warwick, hearing that the French Army was thus drawn out, hasted away with some choice men; and sailed towards Calais; whereof the French having notice, they in great amasement left their Tents, with all their victual behind them, and fled. So soon therefore as he came a shore, he highly blamedIbid. & • 30. & • . those that occasioned the English to forbear fighting: saying,Ibid. & • 30. & • . I will go on and fight before the English Bread which I have eaten be digested; and thereupon, presently entred the Isle of Caus, which he wasted: But alas! in his return towards Calais, he fell sick of the Pestilence, and diedEsc 43 E. • . n. 19. on the thirteenth of November; parem sibi in Armorum strenuitate, & Regi Regn • que fidelitate superstitem, minimè derelinquens, leaving none his equal for military valour, and fidelity to the King and Kingdom, saith my AuthorRot. 〈◊〉 Roc • ..

After which his body (being brought over into England) was interred in the midst of the Quire of the Collegiat Church in Warwick, according to the direction of his Testament; where his Tombe is still to be seen, with the statues of him and his Countess in white Marble excellently cut; viz. Katherine the DaughterRot. 〈◊〉 Roc • . of Roger Mortimer, created the first Earl of March, by King Edward the third. Which noble Lady dyed before him, as by what I have already said appeareth, yet not many weeks; for her TestamentLyn • es 〈◊〉 . b. bears date 4 August. the same year; by which she appointed her body to be buryed wheresoever the E. her Husband should think fit; to whom she bequeathed her Goblet, bound with Gold; and those Buckles of Gold which she used to carry; as also a Ring having an Emrald in it.

To Thomas her Son she gave her Book of Ch. To William her other Son, a Tablet of Gold. To Maud de Clifford her Daughter, a Cup enameled with Dogs. To Philippa de Stafford, her Daughter a Bole with a Cover. To her Daughter Alice a Cup of Silver Guilt. To Margaret Montfort her Daughter, the Cross with the Pedestal in her Chapel. To Isabel her Daughter, a Cup. To Elizabeth the Daughter of her Son Guy, a Cup. To the Covent of Friers-Preachers in Worcester, twenty pounds. To the Friers-Preachers of Shrewsbury, twenty pounds. To the Friers-Minors there, twenty pounds. To the Friers-Preachers of Northampton, twenty pounds. To the Friers-Minors of Coventre, twenty pounds. To the Friers-Minors of Lichfield, twenty pounds. Divers other Legacies she gave to her Servants; and constituting Isabel de Harley, Ralph Tangeley, and Iohn Fulves • e, her Executors, desired her Husband to be assistant to them, in the performance thereof.

This Noble Earl had Divers Children, of whom I will only make a brief mention; Guy his eldest 〈…〉 Son (who received the honor of Knighthood 〈…〉 in 29 Edw. 3. with a Grant 〈…〉 from the King of • n hundred pounds per annum out of his Exchequer till his Fathers inheritance should descend to him, or that he could otherwise provide for his suport) married 〈…〉 Philippa Daughter 〈…〉 to Henry Lord Ferrers of Grob • ; and had Issue by her three Daughters, Katherine, Elizabeth, and Margaret 〈…〉 ; whereof the two later were Nunns 〈…〉 at Shouldham, in Com. Norf.

This Guy was a stout Souldier 〈…〉 , and upon his going into France in 33 E. 3. to attend the King in an Expedition 〈…〉 then made into those parts, declared his Testament 〈…〉 at Canterbury, upon the 26 of September; and thereby bequeathed his body to be buried where his Parents should think fit. To the Earl his Father, he gave his best Gold Ring; to the Countess his Mother his next. To Philippa his Wife the third. To Katherine his Daughter then a Nun at Shouldham in Norfolk, the fourth. And appointed, that the Church of • ek • ton in Norfolk, of his Patronage, should be appropriated to the Monastry of Shouldham, before mentioned, for the maintenance of Katherine and Margaret his two Daughters, during their lives; and Afterwards that House of Shouldham obliged to find a Priest to celebrate Divine Service daily, for the Souls of his Father and Mother, his own and his Wives Soul; as also for the Souls of the said Katherine and Margaret, and all the Faithful departed. After which, in April following (his Father still living) he died atHist MS. H. Heighton f. • 63 b. Uendosme in France; and was there buried, in a Chapel behind the high Altar, towards the East, having a fair Monument of Alablaster, with his Portraiture thereon neatly cut; and over his Harneise a Surcote of his Armes, upon the verge of which Monument is this InscriptionAb A • chitypo. per praeno • . T. Baronem W • ndsore transcripta..

Icy gist Monseigneur Guy de Beauchamp l'eyne Filz de tresnoble & puissant home, Monsieur Thomas de Beauchampe Counte de Warwike, Mareschal d'Angleterre; qui trespassa le XXVIII jour d'Averill l'an MCCCLI.

Upon which Monument are the Arms of Beauchamp and Mortimer.

This Guy was found to dye seisedEsc. 32 E. 3. • . 27. joyntly with the Lady Philippa his Wife (by virtue of his Fathers Feoffement) of the Mannor of Saham, with the Hundreds of Wayland, and Grimesho; as also the Mannors of Neketon, Cressingham-parva, Fransham-parva, and West-Wrotham, with the Advowson of the Priories of West-Acre, and Shouldham, in Com. Norff. leaving Katherine, and Elizabeth his Daughters and Heirs; viz. Katherine, then aged seven years; and Elizabeth one year, and upwards.

Of these, what became of Elizabeth, I know not; but that she was living ten years after her Fathers death, appeareth by the Testament of Katherine Countess of Warwick (her Grandmother) as I have already shewed.

As for Philippa the Widow of this Guy, being a devout Woman, she resolved to continue a Widow during her life; and to that end, upon the 11 of August, Anno Dom. 1360. made her solemn vow of Chastity, in the Collegiate Church at Warwick, in the presence of Reginald Bryan, then Bishop of Worcester; which vow, with the ceremony thereof I have here thought fit to insert 〈…〉 .

11. die mensis Augusti, An. Dom. 1360. apud Warwick dictus Venerabilis Pater, altam Missam in Pontificalibus, in Ecclesiâ Collegiatâ beatae Mariae Warwici antedictâ celebrans, votum castitatis Philippae nuper uxoris Domini Guidonis de Warwic admisit, & acceptavit; & dicta Philippa votum castitatis emisit, sub hiis Verbis;

En le nom de le Seint Trinitie, Piere, Fil, & Seini Espirit, jeo Philippe que fu la feme Sire Guy de Warwyst face purement & des queor & voluntee entierement, avow a Dieu & seint Eglise, & a la benure Virgin Marie, & a tout le hele ompaigne celestine, & a vous reverent Piere en Dieu Sire Reynaud per le Grace de Dieu Evesque de Wircestre, qu • jeo ameneray ma vie en chastitee desore en avant; & chaste serra de mon corps a tout temps de ma vie.

The rest of the Sons of Earl Thomas, were these, viz. Thomas Pat. 18 E. 3 p. 1. m. 13. who succeeded him, Reynburne Pat. 18 E. 3 p. 1. m. 13. (so named in memory of Reynburne Son to the famous Guy of Warwick in the Saxons time) who diedPat. 35 E. 3. p. 2. m. 8. before the 35 of Edw. 3. leaving issue one only Daughter called Alianore, marriedRot. Joh. Rous. to Iohn Knight of Hanslape, in Comitat. Buck. which Iohn had a Daughter by her called Emme Rot. Joh. Rous. Wife to ... Forster; from whom the Forsters of Hausl • pe derive their descent.

William Pat. 30 • 5. p 2. m. 15. the fourth Son was Lord • ergavenny (of whom I shall say more anon) and Roger Pat. 30 • 5. p 2. m. 15. the fifth son died without issue, as I think. Some are of opinion, that he had two more Sons; viz. Iohn and Hierome; in regard that amongst those Portraitures; which were in Glass in the North Cross of the Collegiate-Church at Warwick, there are the pictures of two such; as appeareth by their surcotes of Armes, and those names on the side of them. Which I cannot gainsay, but am not convinced thereof; in regard, that neither Iohn Rous makes mention of them; nor any of those entailsPat. 1 • E. 3. p. 1. m. 13. Pat. 30 E. 3. p. 2. m. 15. Pat. 35 E. 3. p. 2. m. 8., whereby that Earl setled the greatest part of his Lands upon his issue Male.

But he had nine Daughters whose portraitures are curiously drawn, and placed in the Windows on the South side of the Quire of the Colegiate Church in Warwick, before mentioned; and in the habit of that time. Seven of them were married, and have their paternal Armes upon their inner Garments; and on their outer mantle their Husbands Armes; viz. Maud the WifeRot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. of Roger Lord Clifford; Philippa of Hugh Earl Stafford; Elizabeth Rot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. (Alice potius) to Iohn Lord Beauchamp of Hacche, in Somersetshire, Ioane Rot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. of Ralph Lord Basset of Drayton; Isabel Rot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. of Iohn Lord Strange of Blackmere, afterwardsClaus. 4 H. 5. m. 8. of William Vfford Earl of Suffolk, (for which respect her Picture is twice drawn there) Margaret Rot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. of Guy de Montfort afterwards a Nunn at Shouldham, Agnes Rot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. of ... Cokesey and afterwards of ... Bardolf. The other two wereRot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. Iulian and Katherine; the former whereof died unmarried; and the later, being a NunRot. Joh. Rous, in dorso. at Wroxhall, in Comit. Warr. was buriedHist. MS. Priorat. de Wro • hall penès J. Burgoin, arm. f. 8 b. in St. Thomas Chapel there.

He had likewise another Son and Daughter, both illegitimate; the Son calledRot. Joh. Rous in dorso. Sir Iohn Addurston Knight; and Mary Rot. Joh. Rous in dorso. the Daughter, Wife to Sir Richard Herthull Knight.

¶I now come to Thomas Thomas. who succeeded Thomas his Father in this Earldom (Guy the eldest dying before; as hath been observed.)

This Thomas receivedPat. 29 E. 3. p. 3. m. 9. the dignity of Knighthood in 29 Edw. 3. with his Brother Guy: and having had an hundred marks per annum grantedPat. 29 E. 3. p. 3. m. 9. to him at that time by the King; to be paid out of the Exchequer, till there should be other provision made for his support, in 36 E. 3. wentRot. Vascon. 36 E. 3. m. 4. into Britanny, being of the retinueIbid. m. 5. to Iohn Duke of Britanny, in his Warrs there (this being in his Fathers life time.)

BeingEsc. 43 E. 3. 24 years of age at his Fathers death (scil. 43 Edw. 3.) he had liveryClaus. 44 Edw. 3. m. 21. of his lands (performing his homageClaus. 44 Edw. 3. m. 21.) very shortly after: And in 46 was reteinedEx autogr. penès Cleric. pell. by Indenture to serve the King, in his Warrs beyond Sea, for one whole year, with an hundred men at Armes and an hundred and forty Archers of which number himself to be one; as also with two Bannerets, thirty Knights, and seventy seven Esquires: for which service to receive, for himselfe and his men at Armes, double pay; but for the rest according to the ordinary rate; the year to begin from the time they should take shipping; and to have half in hand for himself with his men at Armes, but for the rest only a fourth part. Which expedition was chiefly intendedT. Wals. p. 182. Froissard. f. 185. b. for raising the Siege of Roche • . But, as the Earl of Pembroke, sent over for that purpose, was worsted by the Spaniards, who then came with a great Navy, to ayd the French; so King Edward himself, and that power he had raised, were hindredT. Wals. p. 182. Froissard. f. 185. b. from getting over, by contrary Winds, to the loss of nine hundred thousand pounds; for no less a charge had the King been at in order to this voyage.

That designe thus failing, he was, the next ensuing year, again retained,Ex Autogr. penès Cler. pell. to serve the King in his Wars of France, for one whole year, with two hundred men at Armes, and two hundred Archers, well mounted, armed, and arrayed, under the conduct of Iohn of Ghant, Duke of Lancaster: Of which men at Armes besides himself, there were to be fifty nine Knights and an hundred and forty Esquires. And in 49 Edw. 3. was sentEx Autogr. ibid., by Commission from King Edward, into Scotland, with whom were Sir Guy de Bryenne, and Sir Henry le Scroop Bannerets, to treat with William Earl of Douglas and others, appointed by the King of Scots touching restitution of those Lands, which by the truce formerly made did belong to the English.

The same year also he accompaniedTh Wals. p. 184. n. 40. Edmund Earl of Cambridge (the Kings Son) into Britanny, on the behalf of Iohn de Mountfort Duke of Britanny, where they had great success in taking several Castles, untill they wereTh Wals. p. 184. n. 40. recalled upon a Truce concluded, with the French.

In 50 Edw. 3. he was made GovernorPat. 50 E. 3. p. 1. m. 2. of the Isles of Gernesey, Serk, and Aureney. And in 1 R. 2. was by IndentureEx Autogr. penès Cleric. pell. retained to serve the King with two hundred men at Armes, and two hundred Archers, in his Warrs beyond Sea, for one quarter and half of that year; having of his retinue one Banneret, four Knights, and an hundred and sixty four Esquires, well and sufficiently Mounted, Armed, and Arraied for that voyage.

In 3. R. 2. he was by the Commons in Parliament chosen 〈…〉 Governor of the King, then young, as being a man most just and prudent; and for that service to have a fit allowanceIbid. cut of the publick treasury.

And in 4 Ric. 2. was joyned in commissionRot Sc •• . 4 R. 2 • • . with the Duke of Lancaster, and others, to rectify such abuses as had been committed by the subjects of either Realm, contrary to the Truce made betwixt King Edward the third and David de Bruys of Scotland, and for ratifying that league.

In 5. R. 2. upon that Barbarous Insurrection of the Commons, under the conduct of Iack Straw (whereof our Historians do make an ample relation) he was sentTh W •• p. 290. to protect the Abby of St. Albans, then much in danger by that rebellious Rout; and to do justice upon the Villains. But as he was marching thitherward with a thousand stout men, well armed; and the Lord Thomas Percy in his company; news came to him, that the like Commotion was broke out where his own estate lay; which occasioning him to divert his course, and to send but part of his Souldiers to the aideEx Autogr. penès Cleric. pell. of the Abbot, did much animate that bold rout, which had thus gotten head at St. Albans.

In 8 R. 2. he was retainedEx Autogr. penès Cleric. pell. to serve the King in his Scottish Warrs.

How long the King continued under his tutelage I find not: but certain it is; that, before he arrived to mans estate, he took the reins of Government into his own hands, or suffered them to be guided by those favorites, of whose miscarriages he himself had at length most woful experience; the chief whereof was Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford, advancedTh. W ••• p. 352. n. 4 • . to the title of Marquess of Dublin, and afterwards Duke of Ire • and; upon whom divers of the Nobility, had, for those reasons, cast very envious eyes: But so much did the King affect this Marquess; that, discerning who they were that so maligned him; he laydIbid. p. 35 • n. 10. trayns to murther them; of which number were Thomas Duke of Gloucester (the K. own Uncle) and this Thomas Earl of Warwick; who, being men of haughty Spirits, apprehending some danger towards; associated more to their company, and put themselves in Armes at Harringhay 〈◊〉 near 〈◊〉 . (12 Ric. 2). Park: whereupon they constrained the King to call a Parliament, the next ensuing year; in which divers exorbitant things were done, through their potency; as our Annals 〈…〉 of that time will sufficiently shew.

But about a twelve-month after, the King assembling his Nobles: told them, he was now of age to govern himself, and the Kingdom; and thereupon changed some of his great Officers, and Councellors, whereof this Tho. E. of Warwick, was one; who thenceforth retiring himself, Built that strong 〈…〉 and stately Tower, standing at the North-East corner of Warwick Castle, the cost whereof 〈…〉 amounted to three hundred ninety five pounds, five shillings and two pence. As also the whole body of the Collegiate Church of our Lady in Warwick, both which were finished in 17 R. 2. But from that time forwards, he could never regain the Kings favor: So that Thomas de Moubray, Earl Marshal, and Notingham, taking advantage of the Kings displeasure against him; and of the countenance that he himself then had at Court, brought 〈…〉 his Writt of Error to reverse the Judgement given in 26 Edw. 3. on the behalf of Thomas then E. of Warwick, for the Dominion of Gowher in Wales: alledging, that the Process, whereupon the Suit in King Edward the thirds time, had been commenced, was directed to the Sheriff of Herefordshire, whereas the Land of Gowher, in question, lay in Wales: yet so fell out the issue of this business, though this Error, if it were one, did nothing relate to the just title; that, in 20 R. 2. Moubray recoveredIbid. it.

Nay this was not all: for jealousies and secret grudges, harbored by divers great men, towards those who were the Kings chief favorites (and doubtless advisers in what he had done) and likewise by the King towards them began now to shew their effects: so that the King, having weddedTh Wals. 380. n. 20. & p. 390. Isabel Daughter to the King of France, (a Girl scarce eight years old) for better securing the twenty years Truce made 〈◊〉 . 388. n. 20. (19 Ric. 2) with that Nation, began to apprehend, that nothing could now hinder him from doing what he listed, and thereupon caused his Uncle the Duke of Gloucester, to be laidIbid. p. 390. hold on at P • eshy in Essex, when he least thought thereof; and hurried him thence to • alais, where he was secretly murtheredIbid. p. 391. n. 40. by the before mentioned Thomas Moubray; not without the Kings privity, as it was said. And the sameIbid. p. 390. day that the Duke of Gloucester was so seised on, the King invited this our Thomas Earl of Warwick to a Feast: who suspecting no danger came; but found it otherwise: for there was he arrested, and carried away prisoner; and puttingIb. p. 391. n 30. Plac. in Parl. co • am R. 21 R. 2. n. 12. himself upon the Parliament for Justice, acknowledging the meeting at Haringhay-Park, had judgementIb. p. 391. n 30. Plac. in Parl. co • am R. 21 R. 2. n. 12. of death passed upon him: which hard sentence the K. (at the E. of Salisbury's instanceFroissard. 294 b.) who alledged that he was seduced by the Duke of Gloucester, being an old man; andIbid. withall, that there were never any of the Beauchamps, that did treason against the Crown of England) was pleased to suspend, and, instead thereof, banished him to the Isle of Man; where he was to continue prisoner during his life; directing his preceptPat. 20 R 2. p. 3. m. 20. to William de Scrope, Earl. of Wiltshire, (who then had theTh. Wals. p. 391. n. 40. Dominion of that Isle;) and to Sir Stephen de Scrope Knight, (dated at Westminster, 12 Octob. in the twentieth year of his Reign) straightly commanding them to carry him thither, and put him in sure custody, as they would be responsable body for body.

Whereupon his Castle and Mannour of Warwick, with divers other fair Lordships, were givenPat. 20 R. 2. p. 3 m. 8. Pat. 22 R. 2 p. 1 m. 2. by the King unto Thomas Holland Earl of Kent, and to the Heirs male of his body; and the rest of his Lands to others: and the next year following, the custody of Richard Beauchamp, his Son and Heir, and of Elizabeth his Wife, was committed 〈…〉 to the same Thomas then made Duke of Surrey, (who had also a special grant 〈…〉 of that suit of Arras Hangings in Warwick-Castle, which contained the Story of the Famous Guy of Warwick.

Which hard measure to this Earl and his Son, occasioned Katherine the Nunn at Shouldham, to petition 〈…〉 the King in her own behalf; in regard she was the Grand-child and Heir to this Earles Father, by Guy his eldest Son (as hath been already shewed) and enjoyed no part of her inheritance. Whereupon she obtained an assignation 〈…〉 of forty marks per annum Annuity, out of the Kings Exchequer, during her life.

But though this our Earl was thus banished to the Isle of Man, he continued not long there; for on the twelfth of Iuly, 21 R. 2. the Kings mandateClaus. 22 R. 2 m. 31. to the Constable of the Tower of London for his reception to imprisonment there, bears date; where he remained during the residue of King Richards Reign; which was not long: for notwithstanding he had so strengthened himself by that allyance with the French (as hath been observed,) filled his coffers with vast summs of money by loanes and otherwise; pulled down, and ruined all whose fidelity to himself he suspected; and advanced his Friends and favorites in that Parliament of 21 of his Reign; which damned those Acts, that by the power of the great ones, had been made in the Parliament of 11. Behold the Monster-multitude, agitated by the malice and ambition of his Enemies, took part with them, whereby he came to be suddenly overwhelmed in the Gulph of absolute destruction; being deposed from his Throne, and barbarously Murthered (as the Story of those times do manifest) and Henry of Lancaster Crowned K. in his room.

In the first year of whose reign, all that had been done in the Parliament of 21. R. 2. being made nullRot. Parl. 1 Hen. 4. n. 112. Pat. 1 H 4. m 14. & m 6. and void this E. Thomas was then restoredRot. Parl. 1 Hen. 4. n. 112. Pat. 1 H 4. m 14. & m 6. to his full Liberty, Honor and Possessions; having all the goods in Warwick-Castle belonging to the before mentioned Thomas Holland Duke of Surrey▪ bestowed on him; and inRot. Parl. 1 Hen. 4. n. 112. Pat. 1 H 4. m 14. & m 6. particular that suit of Hangings, containing the Story of the famous Guy; which had been forfeited to the new K. by the then attainder of Holland.

But after this I find no more of his temporal imployment (his death near approaching.) I shall therefore take notice of his pious works; which were these.

In 49 Edw. 3. he establishedCartular. War. Com. 184. b. an Anniversary for his Father, in the Collegiat Church of Warwick, for the solemnizing whereof, the Deane, Canons, and Vicars of that Church, and every Priest in Warwick, who should come to the Dirige and Mass, was to have his Dinner and four pence in money. Moreover six shillings and eight pence to be distributed amongst the Friers of that Town; three shillings and four pence to the Canons of S. Sepulchres in Warwick, and twenty shillings yearly amongst the poor. In 5 R. 2. he builtEx vet. membr. in bibl. Hat • on. one of the Cells in the Monastry of Carthusians near Coventre; that being the time of its foundation. In 6 R. 2. he gavePat. 6 R. • . p. 3. m. 16. the perpetual Patronage of the Church dedicated to St. Iames (scituate over the Gate, called Hongyn-gate in Warwick) to the Gild of St. George; there newly founded, in a Chapel over the same Gate. And inRot Joh. • ous. Ex compot. Balli • . War Com. de anno 17 Ric. 2. penès S. Archer Equ. au • . 15 R. 2. having finished the quire of the Collegiate Church begun by his Father; and newly builtRot Joh. • ous. Ex compot. Balli • . War Com. de anno 17 Ric. 2. penès S. Archer Equ. au • . from the ground the whole body of that Church (which very Fabrick now stands) he gaveRegist. Colleg. de Warr. 94. a. the Mannor of Hasdoure, with the advowson of the Church; as also the Advowson of the Church of Wolfhamcote (both in Com. Warr.) together with the perpetual patronage of the Church of Wyclesford, in Cambridgeshire, unto the the Dean and Canons thereof, and their successors, to pray for the good estate of King Richard the second and of Queen Anne then his Consort; of himself and Margaret his Countess; Sir William Beauchamp his Brother, and Ioane his wife, during their lives in this world; and for the health of their Souls after their departure hence; as also for the Souls of their progenitors, ancestors and all the faithfull deceased.

And by his TestamentArundel. Vol. 1. f. 180., bearing date at Warwick-Castle 1 Apr. anno 1400 (1 H. 4.) bequeathed his body to sepulture in the Collegiate Church before specified, likewise to every Town, whereof he was Lord or Patron of the Church, twenty marks in money in the name of his Principal Id est. a Mortuary.. But if he should depart this life at Warwick; then he appointed, that this Collegiate Church of our Lady there, should have the best Beast. For his Herse he directed that three hundred pound weight of Wax, in six Tapers, and seven Morters, to remain in that Church: and sixty poor men in Gowns, made of white cloath, to carry each of them a Torch, at the solemnising of his Funeral. Also, that forty of these Torches, after his Exequies were finished, should be distributed to the poor Churches of his patronage; the residue to remain to that Collegiat Church at Warwick. Moreover that all his friends attending the Funeral, should have good entertainment; viz. a Supper over night and a Dinner on the next day: and that money should be distributed to the poor according to the discretion of his Executors: Also thirty Trentals to be sung for his Soul, with all possible speed that might be after his decease; and a thousand Masses in like sort; viz. of the Trinity, of the Holy Ghost, of the Nativity of our Savior, of the Holy Cross, of the five Festivals of our Lady, of the Resurection, of the Ascention, of Corpus Christi, of the Angels, of All-Saints, and of Requiem, of every feast sixty seven Masses, five in the whole excepted.

By this Testament he likewise gave to the King, an Image of the Blessed Virgin, with two Cruets, silver and gilt, made in the fashion of two Angels. To the Archbishop of Canterbury, a Tablet of Gold; To the Colledge of our Lady at Warwick (before mentioned) a Cross with the pedestal silver and gilt; and enameled with the Story of our Saviors Passion; and a precious stone, called a Berill, Bound with silver and enameled, to put the Host into; also his best Censer, with a Chalice, two Cruets of silver gilt; with a Bason, and a piece of silver enameled. To his Colledge of Elmeley a Vestment. To Richard his Son and Heir, his Benediction, and these particulars; viz. a Bed of Silk, embroidered with Bears, and his Arms; with all belonging thereto. A ... wrought with the Arms and Story of Guy of Warwick, his Sword, Harness, and Ragged-staves likewise.

Moreover, he appointed that the Sword and Coat of Mail, sometime belonging to the famous Guy, with his Cup of the Swan; and the Knives and Saltsellars for the Coronation of a King, should be and remain to his said Son and his Heirs after him. To his Daughter Beauchamp his best Nouche. To his Brother of Bergavenny, and his Sisters of Suffolk, and Clifford; and to his Neice Katherine Beauchamp, the Nunn at Shouldham, each of them some gift of his, according to his Executors liking; to the end that his memory might be preferred by them. And to his Cousin le Despencer, a pair of Pater-nosters of Coral with Buckles of Gold.

This Earl being also a Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter, having a great reputation for his valor, publick-spiritedness, piety, and Charity, as Rous affirmeth, departedEsc. 2. H. 5. n. 50. this life upon the 8▪ of April, anno 1401. (2 H. 4.) and lyeth buried in the South part of the Collegiate Church at Warwick, under a fair monument of Marble, with Margaret his Wife, Daughter to William Lord Ferrers of Groby.

Which Margaret by her TestementArundel Vol. 1. f. 2 •• , bearing date 28 Novemb. Anno 1406. (8 Hen. 4.) bequeathed her body to sepulture there also; appointing, that at the solemnizing of her Exequies, there should be five Tapers, containing five pound of Wax, burning about it, from the beginning of Service, on the Eve before her Funeral, till the high Mass of Requiem, on the morrow after: and at the same time twenty Torches to be held burning by twenty poor men about her Herse; but to remain afterwards for the high Altar, and other Altars of that Church, for the honor of God, according to antient custom and right. Which noble Lady died, 22 Ian. anno. 1406. (8 Hen. 4.) Earl Richard her Son, being then 25 years of age.

Beauchamp Lord Bergavenny.

BUt before I proceed with my discourse of of him, I shall take notice of William William. Beauchamp Lord Bergavenny the younger Son of Thomas Earl of Warwick, and Katherine Mortimer; and his posterity.

In 40 Edw. 3. this William attendedFroiss, 〈◊〉 & 2. f. 133. b. Iohn Duke of Lancaster, with his Forces into Spain. And when the English Army was drawn up to give battle to the King of Castile, the Duke of Lancaster saidIbid. 138. b to him, Sir William, behold yonder your Enemies, this day ye shall seem a good Knight or else dye in the quarrel. And in 44 Edw. 3. servedRot. Vase. 44 Edw. 3. m. 3. Froissard. f. 175. a. the King in his Warrs of France; beingRot. Vase. 44 Edw. 3. m. 3. Froissard. f. 175. a. then a Knight, and of the retinue to Iohn of Gant Duke of Lancaster.

In 47 Edw. 3. he wasFroissard. f. 190. a. in that expedition made into France, by the same Duke of Lancaster. Moreover in 1 R. 2. he was constituted governorRot. Fin. 1 R. 2. p. 2. m 9. of the Castle and County of Pembroke, and the same year servedIbid. m. 〈◊〉 . in the Kings Navy at Sea (under the conduct of the Duke of Lancaster) to oppose the hostilities of the French, who had at that time invadedTh. Wals. p. 197. n. 30. the Isle of Wight, and made divers bold attempts upon the Coast of Sussex.

In 3 Ric. 2. he wasRot. Franc. 3 R. 2. m. 6. in that Expedition then made into France, in aydTh. Wals. p. 247. n. 30. of the Duke of Britanny. And in 4 Ric. 2. (being then Lord ChamberlainPat. 4 R. 2. p. 1. m. 5. to the King) he had in consideration of his services, done and to be done▪ the grantPat. 4. 2. p. 1. m. 5. of two hundred pounds per annum for his life.

He was likewise the same year retained 〈…〉 , by Indenture, to serve the King in the parts of Portugal, and Spain, with two hundred Men at Armes, and two hundred Archers, for one quarter of a year, under the command of Edmund de Langley, Earl of Cambridge, being then Marshal 〈…〉 of the Host. And in 5 Ric. 2. continued 〈…〉 still in the Kings service beyond-Sea: So likewise 〈…〉 in 6 R. 2. and was then reteined 〈…〉 to serve under the command of that warlike Bishop of Norwich (scil. Henry Spenser ) at that time Victorious 〈…〉 in Flanders; but in 〈…〉 regard he did not receive the full summe of five hundred marks before hand, according to his agreement with that Bishop, he declined 〈…〉 the Service.

In 7 R. 2. he was made CaptainRot Franc. 7 R. 2. m. 20. of Calais; and reteined by IndentureEx ipso autogr. penès 〈◊〉 pell. for the safe custody thereof, with an hundred and forty men at Armes on Horseback, whereof himself with nine other Knights to be part of the number; an hundred and fifty Archers on Horse-back, an hundred men at Armes, and an hundred and eighty three Archers on Foot; as also four Esq on Horse-back with condition, that twenty Men at Armes and ten Archers on Horse-back with ten Archers on Foot belonging to the Treasurer of Cala • s, should be under his command, in relation to that service. In consideration whereof, he was for his own wages, to have • our shillings per di • m, for the rest of his Knights two shillings, and Men at Armes on Horse back twelve pence, which retainer was for two years: but the next ensuing year, the same Covenants were renewedIbid. for three years more; andIbid. in 11 and 12 R. 2. for each of those years singly.

In the same 7 year of • . 2 wherein he was thus first retained, King Richard constitutedRot. Franc. 7 R. 2. m. 16. him one of his Commissioners to treat of Peace with the King of France. So likewise inRot. Franc. 9 R. 2. m. 24. 9 R. 2. Being thus fixed at Calais, he tookH. Knighton. 2676. n. 20. (by times) no less than forty eight vessels from the French; whereof two were laden with Spices, and some with white Herrings, bound for Sc • iuse.

In this year also he again attendedFroissard. lib 3, & 4. f. 64. b. the Duke of Lancaster into Spain, for recoveryFroissard. lib 3, & 4. f. 64. b. of the Inheritance of the Kingdom of Castile, as the right of Constance his Wife.

In 10 R. 2. he was made CaptainPat. 10 R. 2. p. 1 m. 23. of the Castles of Pembroke, and K •• garan, in Wales. And in 11 R. 2. beingRot. Fran. 11 Ric. 2. m. 6. still Captain of Calais, was constitutedRot. Fran. 11 Ric. 2. m. 6. one of the K. Commissioners to treat of Peace with the E. of Flanders, So likewiseRot. Franc. 13 R. 2. m. 11. in 13 R. 2. And the same year made a notable salleyH. Knighton. 2678. n. 40. out of Calais towards Bo • o •• ne; in which he sl • w and took many of the French.

After this he took 〈…〉 fourteen French Vessels bound for Sciule, whereof one was for the most part laden with Horse-shooes; another with Torches, Wax-lights, and other necessaries, in order 〈…〉 to an attempt upon England, then intended by the French.

About 〈…〉 this time there being no small discontent, by many of the great Lords, by reason of the ill Government; the King looking 〈…〉 upon this William de Beauchamp as a favorer of those haughty spirited men, sent his 〈…〉 Letters to him, to render up his Government at Calais; and by the same messenger sent 〈…〉 other Letters to the King of France; But he refused to render his Commission; saying, that he received that charge and trust publickly from the King, in the presence of his Nobles, and therefore would not quit it in a private manner; seising 〈…〉 upon those Letters, so sent to the King of France, which he, conveyed into England, unto the Duke of Gloucester.

And when Iohn de la Pole (Brother to Michael Earl of Suffolk, a great favorite) whom the King had made Captain of Calais, came thither to enter upon that charge; this William laid holdIbid. 270 • . n. 10. on him, and brought him over into England: whereat the King took such offence that he committedIbid. 270 • . n. 10. this our William to custody; but upon second thoughts soon enlargedIbid. 270 • . n. 10. him.

After this, scil. in 1 Henr. 4. he was made JusticePat. 1 H. 4. p. 4. m. • of South-Wales for life; and GovernorIbid. m. 〈◊〉 . of the Castle, and County of Pembroke and Lordship of Tineby, of the Castle and Lordship of Kilgaran, and County of • sterlowe also for life; payingIbid. m. 〈◊〉 . to the Exchequer seventy marks per annum.

To the Collegiate Church of Warwick, (of his Ancestors foundation,) he gaveRegist. Colleg. de Warr. penès Remem. R. in Scacc. f. 81. b. for the good estate of King Richard the second, and of Queen Anne his consort; likewise for the good estate of himself and Ione his Wife, during their lives; and for the health of all their Souls afterwards, the Advowsons of the Churches of Spellesbury, and Chadsley-Corbet in Worcestershire. And having been made Knight,Ex vet. MS. penès H St. George, Epu. aur. of the most noble Order of the Garter, as also summonedClaus. de iisdem ann i • dorso. to Parliament, from 16 Ric. 2. until 8 H. 4. inclusive, by the name of William Beauchamp de Bergavenny Chivalier; being then possessed of the Castle of Bergave •• y, and other Lands, which Iohn de Hastings Earl of Pembroke had intailed upon him (as in my discourse of that Earl is shewed:) he made his TestamentArundel. Vol. 2. f. 155. 25 April, Ann. 1408 (9 H. 4.) and thereby bequeathed his body to be buried in the Church of the Friers-Preachers (commonly called the Black-Friers) at Hereford, next and beneath the Tomb of the same Iohn de Hastings Earl of Pembroke: appointing, that five Tapers should be hung about his Body, as soon as might be after his death. Moreover, that twenty four poor men should be cloathed in black and each of them to hold a Torch in his hand; receiving two pence a piece for that service. To which place of his Burial, he bequeathed twenty marks, or more, as his Executors should think fit; as also an hundred pounds for the charge of his Funeral; directing that ten thousand Masses should be sung for his Soul, in all the hast that might be, after his death, by the most honest Priests that could be got: and that four good Priests should be found, by the space of ten years, to sing for his Soul, and for the Soul of his Lord Sir Iohn Hastings Earl of Pembroke; and for all the Souls for whom he had obligation. He likewise gave to his poor Tenants within his Lordships, an hundred pound. To Ioane his Wife a pair of Basons, covered, and over-gilt; having the Armes of Warwick and Arundell empaled on them. To Richard his Son his best Sword and Harness for the Justs of Peace, which belonged to Warr. To Ioane and Elizabeth his Daughters, a thousand marks a peice, to their marriage. And constituting Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas then Earl of Arundell, Ioane hisEsc. 12 H. 4. n. 3 • . own Wife (with others his Executors, departed) this life upon Friday the 8 of May. 12 H. 4. being then seisedIbd. of the S • ke of Oswa • d • e • , in Com. Nott. the Mannor of Su • terfeid, and Aston-Cantlow, in Com. Warw. the Mannors of Padyngtone, in Com. Surr. Wridlington, in Com. Suff. Worsfield, in Com. Salop. Fordham, Ea • -Hanyngfeld, West-Hanyngfeld Choriton, Redswell, and South-Hanyngfeld, in Com. Essex. Spe • lesbury, in Com. Oxon. Ke • emarton, in Com. Glouc. Chadsley-Corbet; Pyriton-Power, Neshington-Beauchamp, Herington, Purwil, Dunclent, Rusho • , and Fe • enham, with the custody of the Forest, as also of the Mannors of Shireevestench, and Kiderminster, all in Com. Wigorn. and of the Castles of Bergevenny, and Grosmund, in the Marches of Wales; leaving issue by Ioane his Wife, oneCommun de 〈…〉 . 3 H. 7. Rot. 51. Suff of the Daughters to Richard Earl of Arundell, Richard Beauchamp his Son • sc. 12 H. 4. u • supra. and Heir, then fourteen years of age.

Which Richard, Richard, shortly after his Fathers death (viz. upon the day of the seven Sleepers Anno 1411.) took to wife Isabel Sister and Heir to Richard son and heir to Thomas late Lord Despencer; Cousin and Heir of Elizabeth, Wife of Edward Lord le Despencer, Mother of the said Thomas.

But before I proceed with my discourse of this Richard; I shall take leave to transcribe part of the TestamentChichley. f 455. a. of Ioane his Mother (who was Daughter to Richard Earl of Arundell, and oneEsc. • . H. 5 n. 54. Ro • • in. 3 • H. 6. m 4. of the Sisters and Coheirs to Thomas Earl of Arundell, as also Widow of Humphrey de Bo • un Earl of Hereford, Essex, and Northampton:) in regard that by it the greatness and state, wherein the Nobility of England in those dayes lived, may in some sort be discerned.

IN the name of the blessed Trynyte, Fader, Sonn, and Holy Ghoast, the tenth day of Ianyver, in the yeer of our Lord 1434. I Johanne Beauchamp Lady of Bergavenny, as a meke Daughter of Holi Chirche, full in the Christen Fayth and belive; hool in minde, and body, (blessed be God) considering that the freel condition of this wrechid and unstable lief, ys ful of perels; and the yend and conclusion thereof is not elies but Deth, fro the which no persone of none astate schall escape; and therfore, purposing, with the leve of God, to dyspose such goods, as of his grace he hath lent me, in such use as might be most to hys plesauns, and profit of my, Soule, and alle theirs that I am bounden to; I have ordeyned and make my Testament, and last Will in this forme.

First, I Bequethe my Soule to the mercy of my blessed Saviour, and maker Ihesu Chryst, through the beseechyng of his blessed Moder Mary, and alle holy companye in Hevene; and my symple and wreched body, to be buried in the Queer of the Frere-prechours of Hereford, in a new Tumbe, by my worthi Lord, and sometime Husband, Sir William Beauchamp, on whoos Soule God have merci.

But I wel that my Bodi be kept unburied, in the place where it hapneth me to die, unto the time my Maygne be clothed in black; my Hers, my Chare, and other covenable purveyance made▪ and then to be carried unto the place of my • y • ying before rehersed, with alle the worship that ought to be done unto a Woman of myn astate; which God knoweth wele, procedith not of no pompe or vayn glorie, that I am set in for my Bodi; but tor a memorial and remembrance of my Soule, to my Kyn, Friends, Servants and alle other.

And I wol that every Parish Chyrch, that my seid Bodi resteth • nne, a night aftir yt passeth fro the place of my dying be offred two Cloths of Gold; and yt hir rest ynne any College or Conventual Chirche, three Clothes of Gold. Also I devise, that in every Cathedrall Chirche or Conventuall, where my Bodi restes a night, toward the place where my Bodi shall be buried; that the Deane, Abbot or Prior have six shillings eight pence, and every Chanon, Monke, Uicar, Preste, or Clerke, that ys at the Dirige at the Masse yn the morning, shall have twelve pence.

Also I ordeyn, that anon aftar my bury • g, there be done for my Soule, five thousand Masses, in alle the hast that they may goodly: and I bequethe unto the House of the seid Freres at Hereford, in generall, 300 Marks, for to fynd two Prestes, perpetually to syng for my Lord my Husband, my Lord my Fader, my Lady my Moder, and me; and Sir Hugh Burnel Kt. and alle my good doers, and alle Crysten Souls; the one Prest to syng the first Masse in the morning, in the same House; and the other the last Mass that ys done yn the day yn the same House; so that it be sene, that there be sure ordinauns made therefore, to be kept perpetually, as Law wolle. And I bequethe ech Frere of the same House, in special, the day of my burying, to pray for my Soule three shillings four pence.

And I wool that the foreseyd Freers have a hool sute of black; that ys to sey a Chesepyl, two Tunicles, three Coops with my best pair of Candlestecks of silver wrethen; and my best sute of Uestments of Cloath of Gold, with Peacocks; with auter clothes, and aubes, and alle that longith thereto; for a memorial perpetualie to use hem every yere at the Anniversary of my Lord my Husband, and of me. And for the costs of myne enterrement, upon my deth and burying I ordeyn and devise a thousand marks.

And I devyse an hundred marks to be dalt peny mele, or more, after the discretion of mine Executors, am • ng poor men and Women, that come to myne Enterement, the day of my burying. And I ordein and devise to have five Prests to sing for me 20 Winters, for my Lord my Fader, my Lady my Moder, my Husband, my Son Richard Earl of Worcester, Sir Hugh Burnell Kt, and alle my good doers, and alle Chrysten Soules; and that of the most honest persons, and good conversations that may be fo •• den: of which five Prests, I ordeyn and devise two, to syng in the Parish of Rechford, and other three in Kirkeby-Belers in the County of 〈◊〉 during the terme aforeseyd.

Moreover I devyse two hundred marks to be departed among my poor Tenants in England, to such place as most nede ys, after the discretion of myne Executors. Also I devise one hundred pound to be disposed in Clothing, Bedding, Horse, Oxen, and other bestial and necessaries, within halve a yexe aftir my dethe; and to be yeven and dalt among Bed red men, and other poor people, dwellying yn the Lordships that I have. And also I devyse, that Bartholmew Brokesby, and Wauter Kebyll; be every yere at Hereford, the day of my Anniversary, seing that my Obite, with the remnant of the Obsequies, be done in due wise, to the most profit of my Soul; spendyng about the execution thereof at every time ten pounds, after theer discretion.

Moreover, I devise to the marriage of poor Maydens, dwelling within my Lordships one hundred pound; and to the makyng and amendyng of fabull Brugges, and foul ways one hundred pound. And to the fynding and deliverance of poor prisoners, that have ben well conditioned forty pound.

Also I bequethe to Sir James, son and ayre to the Erle of Ormond five hundred pounds, to be despent by myn Executors about the defence of my landes, that I give and assigne him by the Will of my landis, in caas they be chalenged, or impugned wrongfully, withyn his age; or elles to have the same Money, or elles so much thereof as ys unspend at his full age, to the same intent; and a payr of Basyns gilt and covered, with my Arms. And I devyse and bequethe to the same Sir James, a Bed of Gold of Swans, with Tapetter of grene Tapestry, with branches and floures of divers colours; and two payr shetes of Raynes, a payr of sustyaunce, sir payr of other shetes, fix payr of Blankets, six Materas, six Pelowes, and with Quessons and Bancoves that longen to the Bed aforesaid, with alle my stuffe at Bergavenny, a pane of Monyvere, with alle my Armure in England and Wales: Which Goods, I Wyll that yt shall abyde in the kepyng of Robert Darcy, Bartholmew Brokesby, and Wauter Kebell, till the said Sir James be twenty yere of age. And yn caas that the said Sir James dye withyn the said age, withouten yssue of his Body lawfully begoten, then I wol and devyse alle the foresaid goods to be delivered to John of Ormond his Brother, to the same wise that the said Sir James shulde have hit; and yf John dye ere he come of the same age, I wol that Thomas Ormond his Brother have hit to the same wise, that John should have hit; or if Thomas dye, ere he come at that age, then I wolle that alle these Goods be solde, and done for my Soule and Heres, and alle my good doers.

And I bequethe to the same John of Ormond a Bed of Cloth of Gold, with Lebardes, with those Queshions and Tapettes of my best red Wostede, that longen to the same Bed, and Baneours and Formes to long to the same Bed: Also four payr of Shetes, four payr of Blanketts, three Pelowes, and three Materas. And I bequethe unto Thomas of Ormond, his Brother, a Bed of Uelvet, white and black paled, with Quyshions, Tapettes, and formers that long to the same Bed, three payr of Shetes, three payr of Blankets, three Pelows, and three Materas. And I bequethe unto Elizabeth his Sister a Bed of Blew Baudekyn, with Quyshions, Tapettes of Blew Wosted, and formes that long to the same Bed; four payr of Shetes, four payr of Blankets, four Pelows, and four Materas.

And I bequethe to my son Sir James of Ormond, three of the best Hors in my Chare, and John his Brother my next best, and Thomas his Brother my next best afture hym, and John Gray the sixth. And I bequethe to John of Ormond, and Thomas his Brother, in defence of their livelyhood, that I have bequest hem, either of them Five hundred marks: Also I bequethe to Bartholmew Brokesby, my Hullyng of black, red, and green, with Morys Letters, with Quyshions, with Bancours, and Costers. And I bequethe unto the same Bartholmew, my Bed of Sylke, black, and red, embroydered with Wodbynd Flowers of Sylver; and alle the Costers and Apparyl, that longeth thereto: And I wol that the seyd Bartholmew have twelve payr of Shetes of the best Cloth that I have, • ave Reynes, sir payr of Blankets, and a pane of Menyver; and a Bolle of Sylver, called Playce-Bolle, and my best Cup of Gold, covered; and my round Basyn of Sylver, pounced with Morys Letters, with the Ewer that longeth to the same Basyn. And I bequethe to the same Bartholmew a Dozen Uessels of Sylver garnyshed, and two Basyns and two Ewers of Sylver, and my best Gown furred with Marters.

And I devyse to Robert Darcy Four hundred marks, and my ymage of our Lady, that the Erle of March gat me, and a Cup of Gold covered.

Also I devyse to Wauter Kebell one hundred marks, and three of my best low Hors; and I wol that the seyd Waute • have my best black Bed of Sylk, with all the Apparell of a Chamber of the best black Tapetter that I have, and six payr of Shetes, and six payr of Blankets, three Materas, and my round Basyn of Sylver, with Bolles, and a Ewer that longeth thereto, and my little Saler, and six Spones of Sylver, that byn in my Mannour at the Snytterfeld; and my best stayned Halle, with a Porell Pot, and three pece of Sylver; and a grete Maser, covered, that was Sir Adam Persales, and my second Gown of Marters.

And I bequethe the remnant of my Gowns, Furred with Marters, to my son Sir James Of Ormond, & to his two Brethren, aftyr the discretion of mine Executors. And I bequethe to Isabel Muton one hundred marks for her marriage. And I bequethe to Floris Lee One hundred marks, and two Horse to his marriage; and I bequethe to Richard Burley one hundred marks, so both they be ruled by me, and myne Executors, and dwell with me whilst I live. And I bequethe to Raynald Muton one hundred marks. And I bequethe to Thomas Besford one hundred marks. And I bequethe to John Daunsey twenty pound. And I bequethe to Henry Lecester twenty pound. And I bequethe to Henry Fillongl • y one hundred marks. And I bequethe to Alyson Darcy one hundred marks. And I bequethe to Henry Brokusby one hundred marks, under the condition that he be governed by me, and by the worthiest of his kin. And I bequethe to John Massy one hundred marks. And I bequethe to Philip Cuberley twenty pound, and to William Loudham one hundred marks. And I bequethe to Elizabeth Daughter of the Earl of Ormond one hundred marks, and to Thomas Blankany twenty pound, and to John Yerdley ten marks, and to John Bultus ten pound, and to little Lewes ten marks, and to John Hull one hundred shillings, and to Thomas Burton ten pound, and to Thomas Welby one hundred shillings, and to John Foreman forty shillings, and to John Gardener of Bergavenny four marks.

And also I wolle, that alle the remnant of my servants be rewarded aftur the discretion of myne Executors.

Also I devyse to my Prestes and Clerkes of my Chappel, if they go with my Body, and do my Obsequies dayly, till I be buried, on my costes, and to ben ruled by mine Executors one hundred marks, And I wol that my wardes with her marriages, and alle the lyvelode that I have by hem, be under the Governauns of Robert Darcy, Bartholmew Brokusby, and Wauter Kebell; they to fulfill hit, and to dispose hit to the most advantage of my Soul; and to performe hit, and put in execution my Will, and my Devyse aforesaid.

I ordeyne and make myne Executors Mr. John Bathe, Chanon of Welles, taking for his labour forty pound; and if he take mynistration, Robert Darcy, Barth. Brokusby, and Wauter Kebell, Sir William Creke takyng for his labour ef he take mynistration twenty pound and John Bultus. And I wol that Wauter Kebell, ne John Bultus admynister, ne do nothing that touchyth my Testament in any wise, without the Advyse or Commandement of the remnent of myne seyd Executors.

And the residue of my Goods I wol and ordeyn hem to be disposed by myne Executours, to be • v yerely chardges of my Obites, and in Aimesdedes, doying in the mene time, whyles they wol last: Requyting and praying alle those persons, Executors aforenamyd; and, so far as I dare or may, charging hem; that as my syngular trust ys in hem afore other, they refuse not but to take upon hem the Administration of this Testament, with the Conditions afore rehersed; and put yt in execution, as they wolde I should do for hem in like caas, and as they wol answere before the most highe and mightifull Iudge, at the dreadfull day of Dome, where both they and I shall appere.

In witness, that this ys my last Will, I have set hereto my Sele, y-written the day and yere aforeseyd.

I now return to Richard Beauchamp, Lord Bergavenny, Son and Heir to William beforementioned, by this great Lady Ioane last remembred.

In 4 Hen. 5. upon the death of Constance, the Widow of Thomas, late Lord le Spenser, he had LiveryR •• . 〈◊〉 . 4 Hen. 5 m. 3. of those Lands, lying in the Counties of Devon and Cornwal, which she held for term of life in Dower: And the same year being retainedEx ipso autogr. penès Cleric. Pell. Rot. 〈◊〉 . a Hen 5. m 16. to serve the King in his Wars of France, received Four hundred seventy seven pounds in hand, for the better support of himself in that imployment. After which, continuingRot. Fran. 5 Hen. 5. m 15. Rot Fran. 7 Hen. 5 m. 11. for the most part there, and meriting well for his fidelity and valor, in those notable times of Action, he was by that Martial King, in the eighth of his Reign, advancedLel Itin. Vol 6. fol. 89. Pat. Not. 9 Hen 5. m. 30. Mon. A • glic. Vol. 1. 158. n 50. to the title of Earl of Worcester.

And the next year following, in consideration of his especial Services in those Wars, obtained a GrantLel Itin. Vol 6. fol. 89. Pat. Not. 9 Hen 5. m. 30. Mon. A • glic. Vol. 1. 158. n. 50. from the King, of all the Lands, Castles, and Lordships, which did belong to Sir Gilbert de Vmfranville Knight, as well within the Dutchy of Normandy, as any other place, which the King had conquered, viz. All those which before the Kings coming to Tanque, did belong to the Lord of Tuttevile; to hold to himself, and the Heirs-males of his Body, paying yearly to the King his Heirs and Successors, a Coat of Male of pure Calibe, at the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist.

But still attending the Camp, was, at length, unhappily woundedLel Itin. Vol 6. fol. 89. Pat. Not. 9 Hen 5. m. 30. Mon. A • glic. Vol. 1. 158. n. 50. on his side, at Mewsenbury in France, by a stone from a Sling; which putting a periodLel Itin. Vol 6. fol. 89. Pat. Not. 9 Hen 5. m. 30. Mon. A • glic. Vol. 1. 158. n. 50. to his life, he was buriedLel 〈◊〉 ut supra. at Tewsbury, at the end of the Quire, near to the Chappel of the famous Robert Fitz-Hamon; leaving issueLel 〈◊〉 ut supra. by Isabel his Wife (of whom I have already made mention) one sole daughter and heir called Elizabeth, bornLel 〈◊〉 ut supra. at Hanley Castle in Com. Wigorn. 16 Decemb. An. 1415. And afterwards marriedLel 〈◊〉 ut supra. to Edward Nevill, a younger Son to Ralph, Earl of Westmorland.

Unto which Elizabeth, all the Mannors and Lands, whereof her Father died seised, did of right descend, excepting the Castle and Lordship of Bergavenny; which by a special EntailRot Fin • 4 H. 6 m 16. made in King Richard the Seconds time, by William Beauchamp, then Lord Bergavenny, was for failer of Issue-male of the Body of that William, by Ioane then his Wife, to resort unto Thomas Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, (Brother to him the said William) and to the Heirs-male of his Body, as it accordingly did, viz. UntoRot Fin • 4 H. 6 m 16. Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, Son and Heir to the said Thomas.

Which Richard, Earl of Warwick, observing the before-specified Isabel (Widow unto Richard, Earl of Worcester, then deceased) to be a very great Heir, obtained a special Dispensation 〈…〉 from the Pope, and took 〈…〉 her to Wife.

Having thus ended my Discourse of William Beauchamp, Lord Bergavenny, and his Male Line, I return to Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, Son and Successor to the last Earl Thomas; for the better preserving of whose memory, we are not a little obliged to the pains of that sometime industrious Antiquary, Iohn Rous (his contemporary) a Chantry-Priest at Guyes Cli •• near Warwick; who being a good Historian, and specially affected to this Noble Family; hath with no less care than diligence, strictly observed the most remarkable passages of his life; and with singular art and skill, represented them in lively Pictures from his Birth to his Death, which hath not a little added to the lustre of his Story.

This Richard being born 〈…〉 at his Fathers Mannor House of Sa • warpe in Com. Wigorn. 28 Ian. An. 1381. (5 Rich. 2.) had to his Godfathers 〈…〉 , King Richard the Second, and Richard Scrope, then Bishop of • oventrey and Liechfield, afterwards Archbishop of York.

Passing by his Infancy, I come to his riper years.

In 1 Hen. 4. he was made KnightEx cod. MS. pe ••• custodem magnae 〈◊〉 Reg • s, f. 12. of the Bathe, at that Kings Coronation; and in 4 H. 4. performing his homage, had LiveryTho Wals. 4 • 7. n. 20. of his Lands.

The next ensuing year, at the CoronationTho Wals. 4 • 7. n. 20. of Qu. Iane (Wife to King Henry the Fourth) upon the Twenty sixth of Ianuary he kept JustsHist. MS. ut supra. on the Queens part, against all comers; wherein he behaved himself most nobly: And the same year was retainedEx Autogr. pe • es Cleric. 〈◊〉 to serve the King for one whole year, with one hundred Men at Arms, and three hundred Archers; Iohn, Lord Aud • ey, being then of his Retinue.

In 4 Hen. 4. his Military Valor was singularly manifested against that great Rebel Owen Glendowr, whose Bannor he then tookHist. MS. ut supra., putting him to flightHist. MS. ut supra.. So likewise againstIbid. the Percies, in that memorable Battle of Shrewsbury, about the same time; after which, ere long, he was made KnightIbid. of the most Noble Order of the Garter.

And in 9 Hen. 4. obtaining LicenseClaus. 9 H. 4. • . 17. to visit the Holy Land, for performance of the vow he had made, and pilgrimage he resolved to take; he fi • ted himself with all necessaries for that journey, and passed the Sea: In which voyage, visiting 〈…〉 his Cosin, the Duke of Barr, he was nobly received and entertained by him for eight days, who thence accompanied him to Paris. Where being arrived, the King of France then wearing his Crown, in reverence of that holy Feast, made him to sit at his Table; and at his departure, sent an Herald to conduct him safely through that Realm.

Out of which, ent • ing Lumbardy, he was met 〈…〉 by another Herald from Sir Pandulph Malacet or Malet, with a challenge to perform certain feats of Arms with him at Uerona, upon a day assigned for the Order of the Garter; and in the presence of Sir Galeot of Mantua; whereunto he gave his assent 〈…〉 . And as soon as he had performed his pilgrimage at Rome, returned to Uerona, where he and his Chalenger were first to just, next to fight with Axes; afterwards with Arming Swords, and lastly, with sharp Daggers. At the day and place assigned for which exercises, came great resort of people, Sir Pandulph entring the Lists with nine Spears born before him: But the Act of Spears being ended, they fell to it with Axes; in which encounter Sir Pandulph received a sore wound on the Shoulder, and had been utterly slain, but that Sir Galeot cried Peace.

From thenceIbid. he travelled to Uenice; where being nobly received by the Duke and others, he had many great presents given him, by reason of the honor he had so gained at Uerona.

When he cameIbid. to Ierusalem, he had much respect shewed him by the Patriarchs Deputy, and having performed his Offerings at the Sepulchre of our Saviour, he set up his Arms on the North side of the Temple; which continued there many years after, by the relation of divers Pilgrims that came from thence.

At the time of his being thus at Ierusalem, a Noble Person, called Baltredam, (the Soldans Lieutenant) hearing that he was descended from the famous Sir Guy of Warwick, whose Story they had in Books of their own Language, invited him to his Palace; and royally feasting him, presented him with three Precious Stones of great value; besides divers Cloaths of Silk and Gold, given to his servants. Where this Baltredam told him privately, that he faithfully believed as he did, though he durst not discover himself; and rehearsed the Articles of the Creed. But on the morrow, he feasted Sir Baltredams servants, and gave them Scarlet, with other English Cloath: Which being shewed to Sir Baltredam, he returned again to him, and said, He would wear his Livery, and be Marshal of his Hall. Whereupon he gave Sir Baltredam a Gown of Black Peak Furred; and had much discourse with him, for he was skilful in sundry Languages.

From Ierusalem he cameIbid. back to Uenice, and was there nobly received. Thence travelled he into Russia, Lithuania, Poland, Prussia, Westphalia, and some Countreys of Germany; shewing great valor in divers Tourneaments, whilest he was in those parts.

And no sooner returned into England, but that he was by Indenture, dated 2 Octob. 12 H. 4. retainedEx antogr. pend • Cleric. Pell. with Henry, Prince of Wales, (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the Fifth) to serve him as well in times of Peace as War; both in this Realm, upon, and beyond the Seas, for Two hundred and fifty marks per annum, to be paid out of the Princes Exchequer at Caermarthen, at Easter and Michaelmass, by even portions: And whensoever he should be in that Princes Court, to have four Esquires, and six Yeomen with him; and diet there for them all. Provided, that the Prince in service of War, should have the third part of what he got in Battle; and the Third of the thirds of what his Men at Arms should gain: And in case he took any great Commander, Fort, or Castle, the Prince likewise to have them, giving him reasonable satisfaction.

In the same year he was joynedRot. Sco • . 12 H 4. m. 6. with the Bishop of Durham, and others, to treat with certain Commissioners from the King of Scots, touching a Peace betwixt both Realms.

Certain it is, that he stood in high estimation with that Heroick Prince, with whom he had been so retained, as before is shewed; for at his Coronation (when he came to be King) he was constitutedPat. 1 H. • ▪ p. • . m. 36▪ High Steward of England for that Solemnity: And the same year made one of his Commissioners to Treat with others from the King of France, touching a firm Peace betwixt both Crowns; as also for the better securing thereof, to Treat for a Marriage betwixt K. Henry and Catherine, Daughter to the King of France.

In 2 Hen. 5. when the Sect of Lollards (being numerous in all parts of the Realm) had conspired to seise the King and his Brothers, with divers other persons of great quality, and to murther them; likewiseTho Wal • . p 430. n. 30. to destroy the Monasteries and Prelates, and to share their Possessions; he forthwith armedTho Wal • . p 430. n. 30. himself, and assisted much in the subduing them.

After which, scil. 3 Hen. 5. he was retained 〈◊〉 autogr. penc. Cleric. Pe •• . by Indenture, bearing date 19 Iunii, to serve the King as Captain of • alais, until Febr. 3. An. 1416. (4 Hen. 5.) And to have with him in the time of Truce or Peace, for the safeguard thereof, Thirty Men at Arms, himself and three Knights accounted as part of that number; Thirty Archers on Horsback, Two hundred Foot Soldiers, and Two hundred Archers, all of his own retinue; besides ten Men at Arms, and ten Archers on Horsback, belonging to the Treasurer of Calais. For which service, he was to receive for himself six shillings eight pence per diem, for his Knights two shillings a piece; for the rest of his Horse twelve pence; for every Archer on Horsback, and Foot Soldier eight pence; and for every Archer on foot, sixpence per diem, for their Wages. In which Town there was also to be at the Kings charges Forty Cross Bowmen, twenty Carpenters, and five Masons; besides Bowyers, with other Officers, and Pensioners: And in time of War, he to have One hundred and forty Men on Horsback, himself and sixty Knights accounted part, One hundred and fifty Archers on Horsback, One hundred Foot Soldiers, One hundred eighty four Archers on foot; and four Scouts on Horsback for his own retinue, over and above twenty Men at Arms, and ten Archers on Horsback; as also ten Archers on foot, belonging to the same Treasurer; besides Balisters, Carpenters, &c.

Whereupon he soon hastedHist. MS. ut supra. to Calais, and the more speedily, because he heard, that the French were raising great Forces against that place; and there was received with solemn Procession: But when he understood, that those Forces bent another way, he resolved to put in practise some new point of Chevalry, causing three Shields to be made, and in each of them a Lady Painted; the first harping at the end of a Bedstead, with a Grate of Gold on her left Sleeve; and her Knight called The Green Knight, with a Black Quarter, who was ready to just with any Knight of France twelve courses; having two Shields of Purveyance, and his Letter sealed with the Seal of his Arms, The Field Silver a Manch Gules. The second Pavice on Shield, had a Lady sitting at a covered Board, working Pearls; and on her Sleeve a Glove of Plate tacked, her Knight being called Chevalier Vert; having his Letter sealed with these Arms, The Field Silver two Bars of Gules, who was to just fifteen courses, and that should be Saddles of Chains. The third Pavice had a Lady sitting in a Garden making a Chaplet, and on her Sleeve a Polein with a Rivet, her Knight being called Chevalier Attendant; who with his Fellow must run and course with sharp Spears, his Letter being sealed With Gold and Gules Quarterly, and a Border Vert; which Letters were sent to the Kings Court of France, where three French Knights received them, and promised their Fellows to meet at a day and place assigned: Whereof the first was a Knight called Sir Gerard Herbaumes, who called himself Le Chevalier Rouge; the second a famous Knight, named Sir Hugh Launey, calling himself Le Chevalier Blanke; and the third a Knight named Sir Collard Fines: Twelfday in Christmass being appointed for the time, that they should meet in a Land called The Park-hedge of Gynes.

On which day, this Earl cameIbid. into the Field with his Face covered, a Plume of Ostrich Feathers upon his Helm, and his Horse trapped with the Lord Toneys Arms (one of his Ancestors,) viz. Argent a Manch Gules: Where first encountering with the Chevalier Rouge, at the third Course he unhorsed him, and so returned with close Vizor, unknown, to his Pavilion; whence he sent to that Knight a good Courser.

The next day he came into the Field with his Vizor close, a Chaplet on his Helm, and a Plume of Ostrich Feathers aloft, his Horse trapped with the Arms of Hanslap, viz. Silver two Bars Gules, where he met with the Blank Knight, with whom he encountred, smote off his Vizor thrice, broke his Besagurs, and other Harneys, and returned victoriously to his Pavilion, with all his own Habiliments safe, and as yet not known to any; from whence he sent this Blank Knight, Sir Hugh Launey, a good Courser.

But the morrow after, viz. The last day of the justs, he cameIbid. with his Face open, and his Helmet as the day before, save that the Chaplet was rich with Pearl and Precious Stones; and in his Coat of Arms, of Guy and Beauchamp, quarterly; having the Arms of Toney and Hanslap on his Trappers; and said, That as he had in his own person, performed the service the two days before, so with Gods grace he would the third. Whereupon encountring with Sir Collard Fines, at every stroke he bore him backward to his Horse; insomuch, as the Frenchmen saying, That he himself was bound to his Saddle; he alighted and presently got up again. But all being ended, he returned to his Pavilion, sent to Sir Collard Fines a fair Courser, feasted all the people, gave to those three Knights great rewards, and so rode to Calais with great honor.

About this time (scil. 2. Hen. 5.) it was, that the General CouncilTho Wals. p. 433. n. 10. of Constance in Germany began; unto which the most prudent Bishops and Prelates of all Christendom, with a multitude of other Clerks repaired; the cause of that meeting being cheifly about choice of the Pope: Whereupon from England were sentGodw. de Pr • sul. the Bishops of Salisbury, Coventrey and Liechfield, Bathe and Wells, Norwich, Hereford, and S. Davids; the AbbotTho Wa •• ut supra. of Westminster, PriorTho Wa •• . ut supra. of Worcester, with divers other Learned Men; and for their greater honor, thisTho Wa •• . ut supra. Richard Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, themselves, and their whole retinue amounting in number to Eight hundred Horse.

During whose stay at Constance, he receiving a Challenge 〈…〉 from a great Duke, for his Ladies sake, slew the Duke in justing: Whereupon the Empress took his Livery, viz. the Bear, from one of his Knights shoulders; and for great favor to him, set 〈…〉 it on her own shoulder: But he, having notice thereof, made one of Pearl and Precious Stones; which being presented to her, she received with great respect.

Here also it was. That the Emperor Sigismund gaveIbid. him his Sword to bear, and offered him the Heart of S. George (the Englishmens tutelary Saint) to bring over into this Realm; but hearing the Emperor say, That he would come in person into England, he restored it to him again; saying, That the delivery thereof, with his own hand, would be much more acceptable. Nor was it long after, ere the Emperor did comeIbid. over accordingly; and being then installed Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter, offered the holy Heart at Windsor, which was there kept in great esteem. Upon whose passage hither and return, he was sumptuously entertainedIbid. at Calais, by this Earl, then Captain there, whose comportment was such, that the Emperor toldIbid. King Henry, That no Christian Prince had such another Knight for wisdom, nurture, and manhood; adding, That if all courtesie were lo • t, yet might it be found again in him: Insomuch, as ever after, by the same Emperors Authority, he was called The Father of Courtesie.

In his return from Calais at that time, he tookIbid. at Sea two great Carricks.

In 4 Hen. 5. his Commission for Captain of Calais, and Governor of the Marches of • icardy, was again renewedRot. Franc. • . H. 5. m. 3.. In the same year he wasYpod Neustr. in An 1 • 16 Tho Wals. p. 445. n. 20. one of the cheif Commanders at the Siege of Caen in Normandy, the King himself being there with a great Army.

In 5 Hen. 5. (beingRo • . Franc. • Hen. 5. m. 〈◊〉 . still in France) he was constitutedRot. Norm. • H 5 m 27. one of the Kings Commissioners to Treat with William, Lord of Mounteney, Captain of the Castle of 〈◊〉 in Normandy, touching the render thereof. And was likewise soon after impowredIbid. m. 24. to take the Castle of Tury in Normandy, into his charge, upon the render thereof; and to receive to favor all such persons of the Countrey adjacent, who would submit to the Authority of King Henry. So likewiseIbid. m. 1 • . , all those in the Castle of Belesm, and parts thereabouts.

In the same year he attendedTho Wals. p. 445. n. 20. Thomas, Duke of Clarenc • , General of the Kings Army into France; where he farther manifested his valor in divers places: For having taken Dampfront, he first entredTho Wals. p. 445. n. 20. Caen, and set the Kings Arms on the Walls with the Dukes, crying, A Clarence, a Clarence. Then he laid siege 〈…〉 to Candebeke, on the River of Se •• e; blocked 〈…〉 up the City of Roan, both by Land and Water; and afterwards won 〈…〉 Mount S. Michael, with divers other strong Towns; as a reward for which signal services, the King created 〈…〉 him Earl of Sumarie.

At the Siege of Roan, his Tent stood 〈…〉 betwixt the Kings Pavilion and S. Katherines; and S. Katherines being won, he was appointed 〈…〉 to keep Port Martev •• .

In 6 Hen. 5. he was sent 〈…〉 to besiege the Castle of Nully le Uesque.

And in 7 Hen. 5. he was again sent 〈…〉 into France, attended 〈…〉 with a thousand Men at Arms, to treat 〈…〉 concerning a Marriage with the Lady Katherine, Daughter to the King of France, and King Henry: But to obstruct his passage, the Dolphin sent 〈…〉 the Earls of Uandome and Lymosin: who, with Five thousand Men at Arms, gave 〈…〉 him Battle, wherein they themselves were both • lain; one of them by Earl Richards own hands, and two thousand of their Men slain and taken.

In which Ambassie he sped so well, that all things were concludedIbid. for the Kings Marriage of that Lady (whom he weddedTho. Wals. p. 452. 3 Iunii, in the Eighth of his Reign;) and that he should enjoy the Realm of France entirely, after the death of the then King. Whereupon, Siege being laid to those places, that rebelliously opposed this Agreement; of which, the strong Castle of 〈◊〉 wasIb p. 450. n. 20. one: This noble Earl gainedIb p. 450. n. 20. it, with great honor, after fourteen weeks and four days opposition.

The next ensuing year (viz. The last of that victorious Henries Reign) he was sentIbid. with Iohn, Duke of Bedford, (the Kings Brother) and other noble persons, to raise the Siege, which the Daulphin had laid to a City of the Duke of Burgundies; of whose approach the Duke hearing, left it.

But shortly after, King Henry departed this life; having appointedHist. MS. ut supra. by his Will, that this Earl should have the tutelage of young Henry his Son, then an Infant, till the sixteenth year of his age; whereof the Parliament approving, he accordingly had itHist. MS. ut supra..

In the first year of whose Reign, he was by IndentureEx ipso au •• gr penès Cleric. Pell., bearing date 10 Iulii, retained to serve as Captain of • ala • s, from the fourth of February preceding, for the space of two years; having for the custody thereof Two hundred and sixty Men, himself accounted; who with his Lieutenant, and the Marshal of the Town, were only to be horsed, and all the rest to serve on foot. Likewise to have Two hundred Archers, besides ten Men at Arms, and ten Archers belonging to the Treasurer of Calais, to be at his command in all things tending to the safeguard of that place: For which service, he was to receive six shillings eight pence per diem for himself; two shillings for his Lieutenant; twelve pence for his Marshal; for every of his Foot-Soldiers eight pence, and for his Archers sixpence.

After which, Philip, Duke of Burgundy besiegingHist MS. ut supra. Calais, he was by the valor of this Earl (assisted by Humphrey, Duke of Glocester, and Humphrey, Earl of Stafford) forcedHist MS. ut supra. to flee. Nay, so conspicuous was his fidelity, wisdom, and circumspection, as the words of the PatentPat 14 H. 6. p. 19. do import (for which respect the custody of the Kings Royal Person, was by the advice of the Dukes of Bedford and Glocester, his Uncles, and all the Lords of the Council committed to him, as well for the security thereof, as for his education in learning and vertue) that, upon the death of the Duke of Bedford, then Regent of France, he was discharged of that burthen, and care so relating to the Kings person, and instead thereof, constitutedPat 14 H. 6. p. 19. Lieutenant General of the whole Realm of France, and Dutchy of Normandy. Whereupon (with his Lady and Son) taking shipping • ist. MS. ut supra. for passage over, and discerning • ist. MS. ut supra. great danger by a hideous Tempest, he caused • ist. MS. ut supra. himself, with both of them, to be bound to the main Mast of the Ship; to the intent, that if they had perished, and were after found; yet by his Coat of Arms, discovering who he was, they might have been buried together; the state and luster of whose equipage in that journey, may in some sort be discerned by his Painters Bill, which I have here, from the original • x Autogr. penès Wi •• . P •• rpo • t A • . transcribed; having with him a peculiar Officer at Arms, called Warwick Herald, who had a Grant from him of an Annuity of ten marks sterling per annum.

These be the parcels that William Seyburgh, Citizen and Painter of London, hath delivered in the Moneth of Iuly, the Fifteenth year of the Reign of King Henry the Sixth, to Iohn Ray Tailor, of the same City; for the use and stuff of my Lord of Warwick.

Item, Four hundred Pencils beat with the Raggedstaff of Silver, price the peece five pence, —8l—6s—00.

Item, for the Painting of two Pavys for my Lord; the one with a Griffin, standing on my Lords colours, Red, White, and Russet, price of the Pavys—6s—8d.

Item, For the other Pavys, Painted with Black and a Raggedstaff, beat with Silver, occupying all the Field, price—03s—04d.

Item, One Coat for my Lords Body, beat with fine Gold 01l—10• 00.

Item, Two Coats for Heralds, beat with Demmy Gold; price the peece 20s—2l—00—00.

Item, Four Banners for Trumpets, beat with Demmy Gold; price the peece—00—13—04.

Item, Four Spear-Shafts of Red, price the peece 12d—00—04—00.

Item, One great Burdon, Painted with Red 00—01—02.

Item, Another Burdon, written with my Lords colours, Red, White, and Russet—00—02—00.

Item, For a great Streamer for a Ship of forty yards in length and eight yards in breadth, with a great Bear and Griffin, holding a Raggedstaff, poudred full of Raggedstaffs; and for a great Cross of S. George, for the Limming and Portraying —01—06—08.

Item, A Gyton for the Ship of eight yards long, powdred full of Raggedstaffs, for the Limming and Workmanship—01—02—00.

Item, For eighteen great Standards entertailed with the Raggedstaff; price the peece 08d —00—12—00.

Item, Eighteen Standards of Worsted, entertailed with the Bear, and a Chain; price the peece 12d—00—18—00.

Item, Sixteen other Standards of Worsted, entertailed with the Raggedstaff, price the peece 12d—00 05—04.

Item, Three Penons of Satten, entertailed with Raggedstaffs price the peece 2s—00—06—00.

Item, For the Coat-Armor beat for George, by the commandment of my Lord—00—06—08.

But he safely arrived, though not without much difficulty, and continued in that high imployment till his death; which hapned about four years after (as I shall shew anon) using this title in his Charters. Ric. de Beauchamp Comes de Wa • rewyk, & de Aumarle; Seignior I'Isle, & Capitayne de Roven.

Having thus pointed at the cheif of his pubblick imployments, I now come to his pious Works; which, for his souls health, he performed in his life time; or by his Testament, appointed to be done by his Executors.

Of the first sort, was the FoundationPat. 9 H 6. p. 1. m 23. of that Chantry at Euyes 〈◊〉 in 9 Hen. 6. in that very place whereunto the famous Guy of Warwick, after his many renowned exploits, retired, and led an Hermites life: In which, before this Foundation, there st •• dLel. Itin. Vol. 4. f. 165. only a small Chappel, and a Cottage, wherein an Hermite dwelt. To this Chantry, consisting of two Priests, who were to sing Mass daily in that Chappel, for the good estate of himself and his wife, during their lives, and afterwards for the health of their souls; and the souls of all their Parents, Friends, with all the faithful deceased, he gavePat 9 H 6. ut supra. the Mannor of Ashorne in Com. War. with one Messuage, and one Carucate of Land, and Five pound seventeen shillings ten pence half penny yearly Rent, lying in Whirnash and Welsburn; and esteeming that not sufficient, he did by his TestamentRous, 〈◊〉 (in Cur • a Prerog.) ordain, that in all hast, the remnant of what he had designed for his Chantry Priests there, should by his Executors be delivered and made sure to them: And that the Chappel there, with the other Buildings, should be reedified, as he himself had devised, for the wholesome and convenient dwelling of those Priests. The costs of all which, with the Consecration of the two Altars therein (as appeareth by his Executors accompts) amounted unto One hundred eighty four pounds five pence half penny. And in this Chappel thus newly built, he caused a large and goodly statue of the famous Guy, to be placed (which is still there to be seen.)

That magnificent Chappel adjoyning to the Collegiate Church of our Lady in Warwick, was also builtIbid. by his Executors, by the direction of his last Will and Testament, wherein that stately Monument, erected to his memory, now stands.

The Amortising of Lands for the support of four more Priests, and two Clerks in the Collegiate Church abovesaid, was likewise the work of his Executors: So also was the setling of Lands to the value of twenty marks per annum to his Colledge at E • mley in Worcestershire, for the maintenance of one more Priest, to be added to the number at that time there.

Moreover by this his TestamentIbid. he appointed; that first, and in all hast possible after his decease, there should be Five thousand Masses said for his Soul. Next, that his debts should be truly and wholly paid: Then, that until the Chappel above specified, should be finished, his Body should be laid in a Chest of Stone before the Altar; on the right hand of his Fathers Tomb in the Collegiate Church at Warwick; and afterwards removed thither, where he ordained three Masses every day to be sung, as long as the World should endure; one of our Lady with Note, according to the Ordinale Sarum; the second without Note, of Requiem, viz. The Sunday of the Trinity; the Monday of the Angels; the Tuesday of S. Thomas of Canterbury; the Wednesday of the Holy Ghost; the Thursday of Corpus Christi; the Friday of the Holy Cross; and the Saturday of the Annuntiation of our Lady: For performance of which, he appointed Forty pound Lands per annum, over and above all reprises to be amortised, viz. For every of the four Priests before specified, ten marks per annum: and for every Clerk five marks; and ten marks to be divided amongst the said four Priests, and other six Vicars of the Colledge, to increase their yearly salary, viz. To each of them thirteen shillings four pence. And besides this, that his Executors should treat with the Abbot and Covent of Tewksbury, and agree; that in their Monastery his Obit might be yearly kept; as also one Mass sung every day there for his soul; which to be the first, if it might be, if not, the last.

To the Collegiate Church of Warwick, he gave an Image of our Lady, in pure Gold, there to remain for ever, in the name of a Herriot; and appointed that his Executors should cause four Images of Gold, each weighing twenty pound to be made like unto himself, in his Coat of Arms, holding an Anker betwixt his hands; and so to be offered and delivered in his name, viz. One to the Shrine of S. Alban, to the honor of God, our Lady, and S. Alban; another to the Shrine of S. Thomas of Canterbury; the third at Bridlington (in Yorkshire;) and the fourth, at the Shrine in the Church of S. Winifride at Shrewsbury.

And moreoverIbid., That a goodly Tomb of Marble should be erected in the Abby of Kingswood in Com. Gloc. upon the Grave of Elizabeth his first Wife; as also restitution made for any wrong done by him, and his servants to be rewarded.

To Isabel then his Wife, he gaveIbid. all the Silver Vessels, Bedding, and Housholdstuff, which he had with her; and over and above all that, and whatsoever else she had since they were married, two douzen of Silver Dishes, twelve Chargers of Silver, twelve Sawcers of Silver, a pair of Basins covered, Silver and Gilt; four other Basins of Silver, four Ewers of Silver; twelve peeces of Silver of one sort, with his Arms enamelled on the bottom of them; and likewise, the great Paytren bought of the Countess of Suffolk, sometime belonging to the Earl of Salisbury: And to his Son Henry, the Cup of Gold, with the Dance of Men and Women.

Of which Testament (bearing date at Caversham in Oxfordshire, 8 Aug. An. 1435. (15 Hen. 6.) were Executors the Lord Cromwel, the Lord Tiptoft, Iohn Throkmorton, Richard Curson, Thomas Hugford, William Berkswel Priest, and Nicholas Rody his Steward: After which, viz. ult. Apr. An. 1439. (17 Hen. 6.) he departed this life at the Castle of Roan in Normandy; leaving issue by Elizabeth 〈…〉 his first Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir of Thomas Lord Berkley, three Daughters, viz. Margaret, born 〈…〉 at Goo • rest, in Wedgnock Park (near Warwick) the next year after the Battle of Shrewsbury, second Wife 〈…〉 to the famous Iohn Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury; Eleanor, born 〈…〉 at Walkinston in Essex, shortly after the Feast of our Ladies Nativity, 9 Hen. 4. first married 〈…〉 to the Lord Roos, and afterwards 〈…〉 to Edmund Beaufort, Marquess Dorset, and Duke of Somerset: And Elizabeth, born 〈…〉 in Warwick Castle, Wife 〈…〉 to George Nevil, Lord Latimer.

To his second Wife he wedded 〈…〉 Isabel, Daughter of Thomas le Despenser, Earl of Glocester; and by the death of her Brother Richard, and elder Sister Elizabeth without issue, Heir 〈…〉 to all his Lands: But being the Widow 〈…〉 of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Worcester, his Uncles Son, he had a special Dispensation from the Pope, to marry her.

By which Isabel he left issue Henry and Anne, of both which, I shall speak in their order.

The Lands whereof he was possessed, were very vast; as may seem by that computation of their yearly value, extracted from the Accompts 〈…〉 of his several Bailiffs, through England and Wales, in 12 Hen. 6. amounting to no less than Eight thousand three hundred and six marks eleven shillings eleven pence halfpenny. Which, setting aside the good penny worths that his Tenants had, of what they then held, would in the days we live, augment that sum sixfold, at least; considering, about that time Barley was sold for four shillings two pence the Quarter; Oats at two shillings one penny halfpenny; Capons at three pence apiece; and Hens at one penny halfpenny, as by certain AccomptsDe An • 7 Hen 4. & 38 Hen 6. penès S Archer. Eq Aur. of his Houshold Officers appeareth.

Touching the Lady Isabel his Countess, I find that she did not long survive him; for her Testament bears date the first of December following; and the Probate thereof, 4 Febr. the same year. Of which TestamentLuffnam qu. 27. (in regard it is very memorable) I shall here deliver the substance, viz. That her Body should be Interred in the Abby of Tewsbury; and her great Templys Jewels hanging on Womens Foreheads by Rodkins thrust into 〈◊〉 Hair. with the Baleys Pale or Peach coloured Rubies. sold to the utmost▪ and delivered to the Monks of that House, so that they grutched not with her Burial there; and what else she had appointed to be done about the same. As also, that her Statue should be made all naked, with her hair cast backwards, according to the design and model that one Thomas Porchalion had for that purpose; and Mary Magdalen laying her hands a cross; with S. Iohn the Evangelist on the right side, and on the left side S. Anthony; and at her feet a Scutcheon, empaling her Arms, with those of the Earl, her late Husband, supported by two Griffins; but on the sides thereof, the statues of Poor Men and Women, in their poor array, with their Beads in their hands.

She also willed, that of her great Sharpe, a Chalice should be made, and offered to our Lady, in the Lady Chappel there at Tewksbury; and gave to our Lady of Caversham, a Crown of Gold, made of her Chain (weighing five and twenty pound) and other broken Gold in her Cabinet; and two Tablets, the one of S. Catherine, the other of S. George; the Precious Stones of which Tablets, to be set in the said Crown. Her Tablet with the Image of our Lady, having a Glass for it, she appointed to be offered unto our Lady of Walsingham, as also her Gown of Green Alyz Cloth of Gold, with wide Sleeves, and a Tabernacle of Silver, like in the Timber to that over our Lady of Caversham; and that her great Image of Wax, then at London, should be offered to our Lady of Worcester. To the Abby of Tewksbury she gave her Wedding Gown, and all her Cloaths of Gold, and Cloaths of Silk without Furs, saving one of Russet-Velvet, which she bequeathed to S Winifrid; farther directing, that all her precious Stones and Pearls should be sold, as also her Silver Vessel and Goods, to perform her Will; whereof Sir William Mountfort, Iohn Nanfan, and Iohn Norris, were constituted Executors.

¶I come now to Henry, Henry. the succeeding Earl; Son and Heir to Richard, by this Lady Isabel. He was bornRot. Joh. Rous. at Hanley Castle in W • rcestershire, on Thursday, 11 Cal. Apr. An. 1424. (3 Hen. 6.) and BaptisedRot. Joh. Rous. on the Saturday, by Philip Morgan, Bishop of Worcester; having to his GodfathersRot. Joh. Rous. at the Font, Henry Beaufort Cardinal and Bishop of Winchester, with Humphrey, Earl Stafford; and to his Godmother Ioane, Lady Bergavenny; the same Bishop of Worcester, being his Godfather also at Confirmation. At his Fathers death, he hardly exceededEsc. • 7 H. 6. the age of fourteen years.

Before he accomplished the age of nineteen years, he tendredCart. ab An. 21. usque 24 H. 6. n. 35. his service for defence of the Dutchy of Aquitane; in consideration whereof, and to give him the more encouragement in that expedition, the King by his Charter, bearing date at Dover, 2 Apr. 22. of His Reign, createdCart. ab An. 21. usque 24 H. 6. n. 35. him Primier Earl of England; and for a distinction between him and other Earls, granted to him and the Heirs-male of his Body, leave to wear a Golden-Coronet about his Head, as well in his own presence, as elswhere, upon such great Festivals, as the like used to be worn. And within three days following, considering the high deserts of his noble Father (of whom he there makes a most honorable mention) advancedCart. ab An. 21. usque 24 H. 6. n. 35. him to the title of Duke of Warwick, granting him place in Parliament, and all other Meetings, next to the Duke of Norfolk, and before the Duke of Buckingham, and giving him forty pound per annum, to be paid by the Sheriffs of Warwickshire and Leicestershire, for the time being, out of the Revenue of those Counties, towards the better support of that Honor.

But this business of Precedency, was so stomached by Humphrey, Duke of Buckingham; that, had not the King by Act of Parliament, in the Three and twentieth of His Reign (which was the next year ensuing that Creation of the Duke of Warwick) qualified it, much inconvenience had risen upon it. Therefore, For appeasing the contention and strife, moved betwixt them, for that preheminence, (those are the words of the Act) it was establishedEx Bu • del. Pe •• . in Pa • l. 23 Hen. 6. n. 12., That from the second of December, then next following, they should take place of each other by turn, viz. One that year, and the other next; and so as long as they lived together, the Duke of Warwick to have the first years precedency; and he who should survive to have place of the others Heirmale, as long as he lived. And from that time, that the Heir-male of each, should take place of other, according, as it might happen, he had Livery of his Lands before him.

After which he had a GrantPat. 24 H. 6. p. 1. m. 20. in Reversion, from the death of Humphrey, Duke of Glocester, of the Isles of Gernsey, Iersey, Serke, Erm, and Aureney, for the yearly Rent of a Rose, to be paid at the Feast of the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist; as also of the Mannor and Hundred of Bristol, in Com. Gloc. for the yearly Rent of Sixty pounds; and likewise of all the Kings Castles and Mannors within the Forest of Deane, for the Rent of One hundred pound per annum. To all which Honors, he had this farther added, viz. to be Crowned 〈…〉 King of the Isle of Wight, by the Kings own hand.

But this hopeful Branch, the sole Heir-male to this great Earldom, was cropt in the flower of his youth, before the fruits of his heroick disposition could be fully manifested to the World: For, upon S. Barnabas-day, scil. 11 Iunii, An. 1445. (23 Hen. 6.) being but Twenty two years of age, he died 〈…〉 at Hanley, (the place of his birth) and was buried 〈…〉 in the Abby of Tewksbury, about the midst of the Quire, at the head of Prince Edward, Son and Heir to King Henry the Sixth.

In his Fathers life time, when he was scarce ten years of age, being then called 〈…〉 by the name of the Lord Despenser, he weddedIbid. Cecily, Daughter to Richard Nevill, Earl of Salisbury, whose Portion was Four thousand seven hundred marks (which Cecily afterwards, scil. 27 Hen. 6. marriedPat • 7 H. 6. p 2. m. 27. to Iohn Lord Tiptoft) by whom he left issue, one only Daughter called Ann • , bornLel 〈…〉 supra. at Kaerdiff, in the Moneth of February, An. 1439. Which Anne, being about two years old at his death, was committedIbid. to the tutelage, first of Queen Margaret, and afterwards of William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, and had the title of Countess of Warwick, but did not long survive; for I find, that 3 Ian. An. 1449. (27 Hen. 6.) she departedEsc. 27 H 6. this life at Newelme in Oxfordshire (a Mannor of that Duke of Suffolk) and was buriedRot. Jo • . Rous. in the Abby of Reading, next to the Grave of Constance, Lady Despenser, her Great Grandmother, Daughter to Edmund of Langley, Duke of York.

Whereupon Anne her Aunt, bornIbid. at Caversham in Oxfordshire, 3 Id. Iuly, An. 1429. (7 Hen. 6.) Sister of the whole Blood to the late Duke of Warwick, became Heir to this Earldom, being at that time the WifeIbid. of Richard Nevil, Earl of Sailsbury, beforementioned, having been wedded to him the same year that Henry her Brother married Cecily his Sister. Which Richard, by reason of that Marriage, and in respect of his special Services about the Kings peron; and likewise in the Wars of Scotland (for so doth the Patent import) had, upon the three and twentieth of Iuly next, following the death of the before mentioned Anne, his Wives Neice, the Dignity and Title of Earl of Warwick, confirmedPat. 27 H. 6. p. 1. m. 1. and declared to him and his said Wife, and to her Heirs, with all preheminencies, that any of their Ancestors, before the Creation of Henry, Duke of Warwick, used.

Beauchamp of Alcester and Powyk.

I Now come to Walter de Beauchamp, Walter. a younger SonEx Regi ••• Episc. W • gom. vo •• Giffard, 〈◊〉 to William de Beauchamp of E • mley, by Isabel his Wife, Sister and Heir to William Mauduit, Earl of Warwick. Which Walter having purchasedFin. Le •• . Mens. Pas •• 56 Hen. 3. the moity of the Mannor of Alcester in Com. War. from Peter Fitz-Herbert, in 56 Hen. 3. made that place one of his principal Seats (the other being at Powyke in Worcestershire.)

This Walter was an eminent Man in his time. In 53 Hen. 3. being signed 〈…〉 with the Cross, for a Pilgrimage to the Holy Land, he had a Legacy of two hundred marks bequeathed 〈…〉 to him by his Father, for his better performance of that voyage: And in 21 Edw. 1. obtained a Charter 〈…〉 from the King, for a Fair to be kept yearly, at this his Mannor of Alcester, for eight days; beginning on the Eve of S. Giles, and for seven days after.

In 24 Edw. 1. he was Steward 〈…〉 of the Houshold to that King; and in 25 Edw. 1. attended 〈…〉 him into Flanders. In 26 Edw. 1. he had Summons 〈…〉 (amongst other great Men) to be at Carlisle upon Whitson Eve, well furnished with Horse and Arms to march against the Scots; and was 〈…〉 the same year with the King in that famous Battle at Faukirk. In 27 Edw. 1. he was 〈…〉 again in Scotland; and in 28 Edw. 1. had a Charter 〈…〉 for Free Warren in all his Demesn Lands at Alcester and Powyke granted unto him; as also 〈…〉 in divers other places in Worcestershire.

In 29 Edw. 1. he was one 〈…〉 of those Lords in the Parliament at Lincoln, who then signified to the Pope, under their respective Seals, the superiority of King Edward, over the Realm of Scotland; being there stiled 〈…〉 Dominus de Alcester.

In 30 Edw. 1. he obtained anotherCart 30 Ed. 1 n. 16. Charter to alter the yearly Fair at A • cester, from the Eve of S. Giles the Abbot, unto the Eve of S. Faith the Virgin, and to continue for seven days after. In 31 Edw. 1. he attended 〈…〉 the King again into Scotland, and was 〈…〉 at that famous Siege of Caerlaverok.

This Walter had to Wife 〈…〉 Alice, the Daughter of ... Tony (which marriage, in regard they were within the fourth degree of consanguinity, was after ratified 〈…〉 by Godfrey, Bishop of Worcester; and the children begot between them, decreed legitimate 〈…〉 by him, who had authority so to do from the Pope, in regard they knew nothing of that impediment at the time of the Contract made) and departing 〈…〉 this life, 14 Cal. Martii, 31 Edw. 1. was buried 〈…〉 in the Gray Friers near Smithfield, in the Suburbs of London.

To him succeeded Walter his Son and Heir, who, in 32 Edw. 1. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into Scotland; and in 34 Edw. 1. being again 〈…〉 in Scotland, he departed 〈…〉 thence before the War was at an end; for which respect his Lands, Goods, and Chattels, were seised 〈…〉 by the King: But the next year after he obtained pardon 〈…〉 for that transgression.

In 4 Edw. 2. this Walter went 〈…〉 again to the Wars of Scotland; so likewise in 〈…〉 7 Edw. 2. In 10 Edw. 2. upon the death of Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick (his Kinsman) he had the custody 〈…〉 of all the Lands belonging to Warwick Castle, together with that Castle, during the minority of his heir: And the same year went 〈…〉 again into Scotland.

In 12 〈…〉 & 13 〈…〉 Edw. 2. he was likewise in those Scotish Wars; and in 19 Edw. 2. was sent 〈…〉 into Gascoign, to make provision against the Kings coming thither.

In 1 Edw. 3. he was again 〈…〉 in Scotland; and the same year had a special Commission 〈…〉 to execute the Office of Constable of England, in a particular case; but died 〈…〉 in 2 Edw. 3. leaving William his Brother and Heir 〈…〉 , then forty years of age.

Which William had also been a Military Man, for many years: For in 25 Edw. 1. he was 〈…〉 in that expedition made into Flanders; and in 〈…〉 26 Edw. 1. in Scotland. Likewise, in 〈…〉 34 Edw. 1. and 〈…〉 7 Edw. 2. And in 10 Edw. 2. had the Sheriffalty of Worcestershire granted 〈…〉 to him, during the minority of the Heir of Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick.

In 13 Edw. 2. he procured a Charter 〈…〉 from the King, for another Fair to be kept yearly at Alcester, for eight days, beginning on the Eve of S. Bernabas the Apostle.

In 14 Edw. 2. he was made GovernorRot. Fin. 14 Ed. 2. m. 5. of S. Briavels Castle in Com. Gloc. and of the Forest of Deane; and in 15 Edw. 2. constitutedPat. 15 Ed. 〈◊〉 p. 1. m. 3. one of the Kings Commissioners for the safe custody of the City of Worcester.

In 1 Edw. 3. he was again in Scotland; but farther I find not of him.

To this William, succeeded Giles, Giles. his younger Brother, who in 15 Edw. 2. was made SheriffPat. 15 Ed. • . p. 1. m. of Carnarvonshire, and GovernorPat. 15 Ed. • . p. 1. m. of the Castle of Beaumaris; and in 12 Edw. 3. was Rot Aleman. 12 Ed. 3. m. 7. in that expedition then made into Flanders.

In 13 Edw. 3. beingClaus. 13 Ed. 3. p 2. in dorso m. • 1. in the Kings service beyond Sea, at his great expences, he had a special dischargeClaus. 13 Ed. 3. p 2. in dorso m. • 1. for providing of those six Soldiers, in the Isle of Wight, for his Lands there, unto which otherwise he had been liable.

In 14 Edw. 3. he obtained LicenseCa • t. 14 Ed. 3. n. 38. to fortifie his Mannor-house at •• cester, (called Beauchamps Court) with a Wall of Lime and Stone, and to embattle it▪ And in 16 Edw. 3. had the like LicensePat. 16 Ed. 3. p. 1. m 27. Vid. Cart. 19 Ed. 3. n. 8. to fortifie his house at Freskwater in the Isle of Wight • ; and to embattle the Walls thereof, having divers otherPat. 16 Ed. 3. p. 1. m 27. Vid. Cart. 19 Ed. 3. n. 8. priviledges granted to him for that Lordship.

This Giles left issue Iohn, Iohn. his • on and Heir, of whom I have seen little else, saving his FoundationEsc. 36 Ed. 3. p. 2. n. 10. of a Chantry in the Parish Church at Alcester, in 36 Edw. 3. forMS. penès S. 〈…〉 Aur. s. 17 b. one Priest to celebrate Divine Service daily at the Altar of All-Saints; for whose maintenance he gaveEsc. 36 Ed. 3. ut supra. eleven Messuages, one Shop, eleven Acres of Land, and four Acres of Meadow lying in Alcester; and that in 3 Rich. 2. he wasRot. Franc. 3 Ric. 2. m. 6. in that expedition then made into France.

Which Iohn had issueMatch qu. 19. Sir William William de Beauchamp Knight; as also Sir Walter de Beauchamp a younger Son, from whom the Beauchamps, Barons S. Amand did descend.

Which Sir William, in 16 Rich. 2. was made ConstablePat. 16 R. 2. m. 16. of the Castle of Glocester; in 3 Hen. 4. SheriffPat. 3 H. 4. m. 18. of Worcestershire, and in 1 Hen. 5. ofRot. Fin. 1. H. 5. m. 9. Glocestershire; and having marriedIbid. Catherine, one of the Daughters to Gerard de Vsflete, left issue Sir Iohn Beauchamp Iohn. Knight, who in 17 Hen. 6. upon the death of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, was constitutedRot. Fin. 17 H. 6. m. 1 • . one of the Commissioners, for the Guardianship of all his Castles and Lands, during the minority of Henry his Son and Heir. Moreover, having purchasedRot. Fin. 22 H. 6. m. 3. from Thomas de Botreax, the other moity of the Mannor of Alcester, (which had continued in that family for divers descents) did in 25 Hen. 6. in considerationCart. 25 & 26 H. 6. n. 20. of the many good and acceptable services, performed by him to that King, and to King Henry the Fifth his Father, obtain a special CharterCart. 25 & 26 H. 6. n. 20. for divers ample Immunities and Priviledges; with another Fair yearly, to begin on the Eve of S. Dunstan, and to continue for two days following.

Furrhermore, in the same five and twentieth year of King Henry the Sixth, for the like consideration as above is expressed, he was, upon the second of May, advancedPat. 〈◊〉 H. 6. p. • . m. 33. to the title and dignity of Lord Beauchamp of Powyke; and had an AnnuityPat. 〈◊〉 H. 6. p. • . m. 33. of Sixty pound per annum, out of the Fee-Farm of the City of Glocester, granted to him and his heirs for their better support of that Honor; being at the same time constituted Pat. 〈◊〉 H. 6. p. • . m. 33. Justice of South Wales, with power to exercise that Office by himself or his sufficient Deputy.

After which ere long, viz. in 28 Hen. 6. he was madePat. 28 H. 6. p. 1. m. 19. Lord Treasurer of England; but in that Office he continued not full two years.

This Iohn by his TestamentLogg qu. 13. bearing date 9 April. Ann. 1475. (15 Edw. 4.) bequeathed his Body to Sepulture in the Church of the Dominican Friers at Worcester, in a new Chappel to be made on the North side the Quire: to which house of Friers, for his burial there, he gave twenty marks, to be bestowed in Vestments and Stuff, beside an Organ of his own: and appointed that a Priest of that Friery, should dayly say Mass at the Altar within that Chappel, before his Tomb after the order of a Trental, for his Soul; as also for the Souls of his Father and Mother, Brethren and Sisters; his Childrens and Ancestors Souls; and especially for the Soul of Sir Iohn Fastolf, Knight; William Botreaux, and all Christian Souls; taking by the week for that Mass, so daily to be said, eightpence for evermore. Which Chappel and Tombe, with his Effigies thereon in Alablaster, he did by this his Testament ordain, that his Executors should cause to be made; and departed thisEsc. 15 E. 4. • . 1. life the same year, leaving Margaret his Wife surviving, and Sir Richard Beauchamp, Kt. his Son and Heir, then forty years of age; which Margaret, by her TestamentMil • ▪ qu. 13. dated the Wednesday next after the Nativity of our Lord, Anno 1477. (2 Hen. 7.) bequeathed her body to be buried in the Church of the Dominican Friers, commonly called the Friers Preachers at Worcester, with her Lord and Husband; and thereby ordained, that a Priest should sing for her Soul, during the terme of one whole year next after her decease, within the said House of Friers, receiving for his pains an hundred shillings.

She also willed, that a Tablet of Alablaster should be made, of the Birth of our Lord; and the three Kings of Co • eyn, to be set on the Wall over her Body, when it should be buried. Likewise, an Image of Alablaster of St. Iohn the Evangelist, containing three quarters of a yard in length, with the Chalice in his hand, to be set over her in likewise: Also a Candlestick of white Iron, with three branches, to set on the Tapers of Wax of four pound, to burn before that Image every Sunday, as long as they should endure. Moreover, on the day of her burial twenty five poor men to pray for her; five of which to hold Torches about her Herse, and every one of them to have at the Dirige a peny, and at the Morrow-Mass a peny. And farther willed, that at the Dirige upon the day of her Burial▪ there should be thirteen Priests and thirteen Clerks in Surplesses; So likewise at the Morrow-Mass, each Priest to have for his labour six pence, and each Clerk two pence.

But I return to Sir Richard Beauchamp, Son and heir to the last mentioned Iohn.

This Sir Richard Richard. weddedCarpenter, Vol. 1. f. 47. a. Elizabeth the Daughter of Sir Humphrey Stafford, Knight, in the private Chappel of his Mannor-house at Beauchamps-Court, by virtue of a special Licence from the Bishop of Worcester; by which Eliz • beth he had issueEsc. 16 H. • . • . 3. three Daughters his Heirs; viz. Elizabeth marriedEsc. 16 H. • . • . 3. to Sir Robert Willoughby Lord Brooke (first summoned to Parliament by that Title in 7 Hen. 7.) Anne to Richard Ligon, and Margaret to William Rede.

Beauchamp of Holt.

I come now to Iohn de Beauchamp Iohn. of Holt in Worcestershire; a younger Son.Claus. 12 R 2. m. 33. to William de Beauchamp of E • meley, by Isabel his Wife, Daughter and heir to William de Mauduit Earl of Warwick; which Iohn had this Lordship of Holt by the giftClaus. 12 R 2. m. 33. of his Father to hold to himself and the Heirs of his body by the Wife he then had. And in 25 E. 1. wasRot. Vascon. 25 E. 1. m. 7. in that expedition then made into Gascoigne (together with William Earl of War • ick, and Walter de Beauchamp, his Brethren) and the next year following inRot. Scoc. 26 Edw. 1. m. 5. the Wars of Scotland.

To him succeeded Richard de Beauchamp, Richard. who in 1 Edw. 3 diedEsc. 1 E. 3. n. 20. seised of this Mannor of 〈◊〉 ; leaving Iohn Esc. 1 E. 3. n. 20. his Son and Heir, eight years of age.

Which Iohn Iohn. in 12 Ed. 3. wasRot. Alem. 12 E. 3. m. 7. in that expedition then made into Flanders; and in 20 Edw. 3. inRot. Franc. 20 Edw. 3. p. 1. m 5. that into France. In 37 E. 3. he wasRot • ascon. 37 E. 3. m. 2. in another then made into Gascoigne, and of the Retinue of Thomas Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, where he continuedRot Vascon. 38 E. 3. m. 1. the next ensuing year.

In 33 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 33 Edw. 3. p. 1. m. 5. again in the Warrs of France.

In 42 E. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 42 E. 3. m. 3. once more in the Warrs of France; and in 46 Ed. 3. attendedRot. Franc. 46 Edw. 3. m. 14. Iohn Duke of Lancaster into Spain.

In 6 R. 2. beingPat. 6 R. 2. p. 2. m. 1 • . then one of the Esquires of the K. Chamber (which I take to be the same that is now called Esquire for the body) he had in consideration of his good services done, and to be done, the grant of an annuity of twenty pounds per annum issuing out of the mannor of Sutton in the Forest of Macklesfeild in Cheshire: And in 9 R. 2 for the like considerationPat. 9 R. 2. p. 1. m. 31.; and becausePat. 9 R. 2. p. 1. m. 31. he did receive the order of Knighthood, at such time as the King first displayed his Banner in Scotland, he obtained a grantPat. 9 R. 2. p. 1. m. 31. for an hundred marks per annum, for his better support of that dignity, to enjoy for terme of life, and to be received out of the Kings Rents and Revenues in North-UUales. And furthermore, consideringIbid. the great expence he had been at, in fitting himself with a Competent retinue of men at Armes, and Archers to attend the King, in a Voiage-Royal into Scotland; as also, for that he surendredIbid. his patent of that hundred marks per annum Annuity before mentioned, he had in recompence thereof a grantIbid. of the Commotes of Dyul • ien, and Kemeltemain, in Caernarvonshire, to hold for terme of his life: And within the space of that year (being then Knight 〈…〉 of the Kings Chamber) was constituted 〈…〉 Justice of North-Wales; having likewise a special Charter 〈…〉 for divers Liberties and priviledges; as well in Vert and Venison, as other things, within his Lordship and Fee of Kederminster, in Com. Wigorn.

Moreover in 11 R. 2. being then StewardPat. 11 R. 2. p. 1. m. 23. of the Kings Household (in consideration also of his services) he obtained a grantPat 11 R. 2. p. 1. m. 23. of all the Mannors and Lands belonging to the Priory of Deorhurst in Gloucestershire; then seised 〈◊〉 . into the Kings hands (as all other Priories-alien were) by reason of his Wars with France: and within five dayes following (viz. 10 Oct.) forIbid. m. 12. the considerations aforesaid; and forIbid. m. 12. the place he held at that Kings Coronation; as alsoIbid. m. 12. for his greater honor in Counsells and Parliaments, he was advancedIbid. m. 12. to the dignity of a Baron of this Realm; to hold to himself and the heirs male of his body, by the title of Lord Beauchamp of Kydermyster: being the firstSel • ens 〈◊〉 of Honor, p. 747. man that was ever created a Baron of England by Patent.

But this honor he enjoyed not long: for the same year, divers of the great Lords, having 〈…〉 raised a powerful Army came 〈…〉 up to London, and there mustering 〈…〉 their men in sight of the Tower, where the King then lodged 〈…〉 , forced him to call a Parliament; wherin, through their potency, they did what they list; causing Sir Robert Tresilian Chief Justice of the Kings Bench Court, and divers others to be attainted 〈…〉 of Treason; of which number this Iohn Lord Beauchamp was one; who being first committedClaus. 11 R. 2. m. 10. to close imprisonment in Dover Castle; and forTh. Wals. ut supra, n. 30. & 40. that he had been long before unfaithful to King Edward the third, and unto Lionel Duke of Clarence, as was then alledged, he received sentenceH. Knighton 2705. n 30. of death; viz. to be drawn, hanged, and quartered: but, by favorH. Knighton 2705. n 30., was only beheaded on Tower hill: leaving by Ioane his Wife, DaughterClaus 49 E. 3. m. 2 • . and Heir to Robert le Fitzwith, Iohn Iohn. Claus. 12 R. 2. m. 33. his Son and Heir, ten years of age; during whose minority this Lordship of Holt was committedClaus. 12 R. 2. m. 33. to the custody of Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, of whom it was held.

Which Iohn when he came to mans estate, viz. in 22 R. 2. attendedPat. 2 • R 2. p. 3. m. 37. the King in that Voyage, then by him made into Ireland; and in 8 H. 4. executedRot. Fin. 8 H. 4. m. 22. the Office of Escheator for the County of Worcester. So likewiseRot. Fin. 1 Hen. 5. p. 1. m. 8. in 1 Hen. 5. And diedEsc. 8 H. 5. n. 70. on Tuesday next after the Feast of St. Matthew the Apostle 8 Hen. 5. being then seisedEsc. 8 H. 5. n. 70. of the mannors of Bobenhu •• , Shulton, Bernangre, and Shotswell in Com. Warr. as also of the Mannors of Holt and Hanley juxta Temedbury in Com. Wigorn. leaving one sole DaughterEsc. 8 H. 5. n. 70. and Heir, called Margaret then twenty years of age. Which Margaret was firstIbid. married to Iohn Pauncefott, Ibid. and afterwards to Iohn Wysham.

Beauchamp of Bletsho.

I Now come to Roger de Beauchamp, Roger. Grandson 〈…〉 to Walter de Beauchamp of Alcester.

In 20 Ed. 3. this Roger was 〈…〉 in the Wars of France and the next year following, obtained the Kings confirmation 〈…〉 of the Mannor of Lydeard-Tregoz, in Com. Wilts. unto himself, and Sibil, his Wife, and to the Heirs male of their two bodies lawfully begotten, which had been granted 〈…〉 to them by Peter de Grandison. (Which Sibil was 〈…〉 Daughter of Sibil, Wife of William de Grandison, and she 〈…〉 of Mabel 〈◊〉 of the four Sisters and Coheirs of Otto de Grandison.) In 21 Edw. 3 he continued 〈…〉 in the French Warrs.

Moreover in 28 Edward. 3. he wasRot Franc. 29 E. • 3 m. 2. Captain of Calais: and in 33 Edw. 3. attendedRot. Vascon. 33 E 3. m 9. the King in his expedition into Gascoigne. In 34 Edw. 3. he hadRot. Fin. 34 Edw 3. m 2. Claus. 42 Edw. • . m. 13., in right of the beforementioned Sibil his Wife (who wasRot. Fin. 34 Edw 3. m 2. Claus. 42 Edw. • . m. 13. the eldest of the four Sisters and Coheirs to Sir William de Pa • shul, Knight,) upon partition of the Lands of her Inheritance, the Mannors of Ble • nesho, and Caysho, with the Advowson of the Church of B • etnesho, in Com. Bedf. and all the Knights Fees belonging to those Lordships, for the purparty of the said Sibil. Whereupon making B • etnesho his chief seat, both himself and his posterity were • henceforth denominated of that place; which Sibil was buriedStows Survey. • 374 b. in the Black-Friers Church in London.

In 46 Edw. 3. this Roger being madeRot. Franc. 46 E 3 m 41▪ Captain of Calais, had licenceCl • us. 46 E. 3 m. 24. to transport his Houshold-goods, and other necessaries thither, without the payment of any Custome for the same: And in 47 Edw. 3. had a special commissionRot. Alema • ▪ 47 E. 3. m. 22. to take care, that the Peace then made betwixt King Edward and the Earl of Fla • ders, should be preserved within the Marches of Calais.

Soon after this he obtained a CharterCart. ab an 27 us que 51 Edw. 3. n. 7. & 8. of Free-Warren in all his Demesne Lands, within his Mannor of Lydyeard, in Com. Wilis. as alsoCart. ab an 27 us que 51 Edw. 3. n. 7. & 8. in Bsetnesho, and Ca • sho, in Comit. Bedf. And in 49 Edw. 3. beingRot. Franc. 49 Edw. 3. m 25. in that Expedition then made into France, was of the retinueRot. Franc. 49 Edw. 3. m 25. with Edward le Despencer.

In 50 Edw. 3. beingPat. 50 E. 3. p. 2. m. 25. then Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Edward, he hadPat. 50 E. 3. p. 2. m. 25. in consideration of his good service an hundred marks per annum, given him for life, out of the Farme of the Castle and Town of Dev • ies, in Wiltshire.

This Roger was summonedClaus. de 〈◊〉 ann. 〈◊〉 do • s. to Parliament from 37 Edw. 3. till 3 R. 2.

And by his TestamentSu • bury, f. 1 • 3. • . bearing date at London, 19 Ian. Anno 1377 (3 R. 2.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Church of the Friers-Preachers (commonly called the Black-Friers) within the City of London, near to the Grave of Sibil his Wife;Stows Su • vey, 374. • . and willed that at his Funeral, there should be Placebo and Dirige, with note; as also on the morrow after, two Masses; one of our Lady and another of Requiem. And in regard he was obliged to do Service against the Infidels (in the Holy-Land) by the appointment of Walter de Beauchamp his Grandfather, to the expence of two hundred marks▪ he willed, that Roger his Son, when he came of age, should perform that service.

To which Roger he gaveSudbury, ut supra. all his right in the Mannor of Bloxham.

To his Chantry at Bletnesho he gave Sudbury, ut supra. an hundred pounds for the maintenance of one Priest to sing there perpetually for his Soul; as also for the Soul of Sibil his first Wife, and all Christian Soules: And diedEsc. 3 R. 2. n. 5. upon the third of Ianuary 3 R. 2. (which was soon after he made that Testament) being then seisedEsc. 3 R. 2. n. 5. of the mannor of South-Lyd •••• , in Com. Wilts. of Bletuesho, in Com. B • df. and of 〈◊〉 , and Spellesbury, in Comit. Oxon. leaving Roger his Grandson and Heir then seventeen years of age; and Margaret his second Wife survivingSudbury, 〈◊〉 supra..

Which Roger making proofClaus. 7 R. 2. m 9. of his age in 7 R. 2. and doing his Homage had LiveryClaus. 7 R. 2. m 9. of his Lands. In 18 R. 2. this Roger attendedPat. 18 R 2. p. 1. m. 18. the King into Irelend.

But of him I have seen no more, than that he left issue Iohn his Son and Heir; who in 8 Hen. 4. doing hisRot. Fin. 8 H. 4. m. 20. Homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 8 H. 4. m. 20. of his Lands; and diedLib. cedul. 14 Hen. 4. p. 178. in 14 H. 4. leaving issue Iohn Lib. cedul. 14 Hen. 4. p. 178. his Son and Heir, then two years of age; and a Daughter called Margaret, who became Heir to her Brother; and was firstCatal. of Nob. by R. Brooke. married to Sir Oliver St. Iohn, Knight, (from whom the St. Iohns of Bletsho are descended) and afterwardsCatal. of Nob. by R. Brooke. to Iohn Beaufort Duke of Somerset.

Beauchamp Lord St. Amand.

I Come now to Walter de Beauchamp, the younger Son to Iohn Lord Beauchamp of Powyk. This Walter in 4. H. 4. was retainedEx ipso Autogr penès Cleric. pell. by Indenture, to serve the King in a Voyage Royal into France, with four Men at Armes, himself accounted; and twelve Archers, whereof four to serve on Foot, and the rest on Horseback, for one whole year; taking for himself two shillings per diem, for his Men at Armes twelve pence, and for his Archers six pence. And afterwardsIbid. viz. in 3 Hen. 5. to serve that King in Guyene, with four Men at Armes, and twelve Archers, all on Horseback: for which service he was to receive forty marks a piece for his Men at Armes, and twenty marks a piece for each of his Archers.

To which Walter succeeded William his Son and Heir, who in 8 Hen. 6. was.Rot. Franc. 8 H. 6. m. 12. in that Expedition, then made into France; and having taken to WifeEsc. 4. H. 6. n. 17. Rot. Fin. 4 H. 6. m. 3. Rot. Fin. 5 Hen. 6. m 24. Elizabeth the eldest of the three Daughters and Coheirs of Gerard de Braybrook, andEsc. 4. H. 6. n. 17. Rot. Fin. 4 H. 6. m. 3. Rot. Fin. 5 Hen. 6. m 24. Cousins and Heirs to Almeric de St. Amand (a Baron of great antiquity) has first SummonsClaus de eodem anno in dorso. to Parliament in 27 Henr. 6. by the title of Beauchamp of St. Amand. After which ere long, being SewerPat. 29. H. 6. p. 1. m. 8. to the King, he was constitutedPat. 29. H. 6. p. 1. m. 8. Chamberlain of North-Wales; and having by his TestamentStockton, f. 123 b. bearing date 18 Martii Anno 1457. (35 Hen. 6.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Chapel of the Chantry at Stepul Lavynton, in Com. Wilts. he gaveStockton, f. 123 b. to the Shrine of St. Osmund, at Salisbury, ten marks; and departed thisEsc. 35 Hen. 6. m. 18. life the 19 day of the same Month of March, being then seisedEsc. 35 Hen. 6. m. 18. of the Mannors of Hayford, in Comitat. Dorset. Cheryngton, in Comitat. Gloc. Wynterslowe, Chepyng-Lavynton, Bromeham, Stepul-Ashton, Anderowe, Woderove, Whadden, Knabbewell, Berewyke-Basset, and Chelworth, in Com. Wiltes. leaving Richard Esc. 35 Hen. 6. m. 18. his Son and Heir, four years of age; Elizabeth his Wife survivingClaus. 36 H 6. m. 10..

Which Richard in 8 Hen. 7. wasPolyd. Virg. 605 n. 30. in that expedition in aid of Maximilian the Emperor against the French: And in 13 Hen. 7. onePolyd. Virg. • 84. n. 30. of the Western men of note, then in Armes, for suppressing that Insurrection of the Cornish-men, made on the behalf of Perkin Warbeck.

This Richard by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 12 Iunii, Anno, 1508 (23 Hen. 7.) bequeathed his Body to be buryed in the Black-Friers Church, near Ludgate, within the City of London; and for lack of Issue by Dame Anne his Wife, thereby settled divers Lordships lying in the Counties of Wilts. Bedf. Berks. Huntingt. and Heref. upon his Natural Son Anthony S. Amand, begotten on Mary Wroughton, and on the Heirs of his Body. By the ProbateIbid. of which Testament, it appears; that he dyed within few days after; for it bears date 8 Iulii next ensuing

Beauchamp of Essex.

OF the Line of Beauchamp of Elmley (as it is probable) was that Stephen de Beauchamp, who joyned with William de Beauchamp, of Elmley in Henry the seconds time in the gift 〈…〉 of Osmaresieie, to the Monks of Bordney, but I suppose his chief seat was in Essex: for in 15 H. 2. he Executed the Office of ShiriffRot. pip. 15 H. 2. Essex. & Hens. for one half of that year, for the Counties of Essex and Hert • ord: So likewise inRot. Pip. de • odem anno • ssex. & Hertf. 16 Hen. 2. And in 22 Henr. 2. paydRot Pip. 22 H. 2. 〈◊〉 . a Fine of five hundred marks, for trespassing in the Kings Forests.

This Stephen was seisedR • t. • e 〈◊〉 . pue •• & putll • in 〈◊〉 . membr. 8 & 9. Essex & North • m. m. 3. of Comerse, and Fairstede in Essex; and marriedR • t. • e 〈◊〉 pue •• & putll • in 〈◊〉 . membr. 8 & 9. Essex & North • m. m. 3. Isolda the Daughter of Robert Earl Ferrers; but diedR • t. • e 〈◊〉 . pue •• & putll • in 〈◊〉 . membr. 8 & 9. Essex & North • m. m. 3. in 31 Hen. 2. leavingR • t. • e 〈◊〉 Pue •• & putll • in 〈◊〉 . membr. 8 & 9. Essex & North • m. m. 3. his Son and Heir five years of Age, and five Daughters. The name of which Son was Stephen, as I think: for in 2 R. 1. I findRot. Pip. 2 Ric. 1. Cantabr. & Punt. a Stephen de Beauchamp in minority, and Ward to the Bishop of Ely. Which Stephen dyingClaus. 13 H. 3. m. 20. without Issue, his four Sisters became his Heirs; viz. Isold the Wife of Richard de Suburie, Maud the Wife of William de Wastail, Alice the Wife of Ralph de Ardern, and Idonea the Wife of Henry de Alneto, sive d' Auney.

But by another RecordClau. • Hen. 3. in dorso. m. 17. this Isolda is said to be the Wife of Richard Fitz-Iohn; Maud, the Wife of William de Wasevile; and Aeline, the Wife of Ralph de Arderne: And that upon the death of Stephen their Brother, without Issue, they Impleaded Henry de Alneto and Idonea his Wife, for witholding from them their reasonable purparties in Lumers, Heny, Tunsted, and Alfelineston in Essex.

Beauchamp of Hacche.

THe first of this Somersetshire Family (with whom I have met) is Robert, Robert. who in 3 Henr. 2. accountedRot. Pip. 3 Hent. 2. Somers. to the King six pounds, for a Mark of Gold; and in 9 Hen. 2. was SheriffRot. Pip. 9 Hen. 2. Somers for the Counties of Somerset and Dorset. In 12 Hen. 2. this Robert upon the assessment of the Aid, for marrying the Kings Daughter, then levyed, certifiedLib. Rub. sub ut. Somers. his Knights Fees de Veteri Feoffamento to be in number seventeen, for which in 14 H. 2. he paidRot. 〈◊〉 14 H. 2. 〈◊〉 & 〈◊〉 seven pounds one shilling and eight pence; viz. eight shillings four pence, for each Knights Fee.

In 22 Hen. 2. he did again execute the Office of Sheriff 〈…〉 for those Counties; and continued so to do, untill 〈…〉 the end of the first half of the 28 year of that Kings Reign.

In 7 R. 1 • he gave 〈…〉 sixty marks to the King for Licence to continue his first Army in Normandy, over and above his Scutage; and died 〈…〉 in 13 Ioh. leaving Robert, Robert. his Son and Heir, then in minority, and in Ward 〈…〉 to Hubert de Burgh, who, upon levying the Scutage of Wales that year, answered 〈…〉 four and twenty marks, for those seventeen Knights Fees which he held.

In 18 Ioh. this Robert was commandedClaus. 18 Joh. m. 2. by the King to seise the Lands of Robert de Arsi • , for the relief of the Castle of Oxford; and in 7 Hen. 3. wasClaus. 7 H. 3. m. 5. in dorso. in that expedition then made into Wales.

In 26 Hen. 3. he gaveRot. Pip. 26 H. 3. Dorset. & Somers. a Fine of Eighty marks, to be exempted from attending the King into Gascoigne; and departing this life before the Six and thirtieth of Henry the Third, Robert Robert. his Son and Heir, then paying one hundred pound for his ReleifRot. Fin. 36 Hen. 3. m. • 0., had LiveryRot. Fin. 36 Hen. 3. m. • 0. of his Lands.

In 38 Hen. 3. this Robert sailedClaus. 38 H. 3. m. 10. into Gascoigne to the King, with Horse and Arms, in one of those Ships which were impressed for the Queens transportation thither; and the same year, upon Collection of the Aid, for making the Kings eldest Son Knight, paidRot. Pip. 38 H. 3. Dorset. & Somers. Twenty one pound five shillings, for those seventeen Knights Fees which he held.

In 41 Hen. 3. he received commandClaus. 41 H. 3. in dorso m. 6. to be at Bristol, on the Octaves of S. Peter, well furnished with Horse and Arms, to attend the King, for restraint of the incursions of the Welsh towards South Wales. The like SummonsClaus. 42 H. 3. in dorso m. 11. he had in 42 Hen. 3. to be at Chester, on Munday next after the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, to oppose their hostilities in the Marches of North Wales.

But all that I have farther seen of him, is, That he was FounderEsc. 15 E. 1. n. 49. Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 326 a. • . 50. of the Priory of Frithelstoke in Com. Devon. And that to him succeeded Iohn his Son and Heir. Which Iohn, Iohn. beingRot. Pip. 42 H. 3. Dorset. & Somerset. the same year in the Kings Army in Wales, was dischargedRot. Pip. 42 H. 3. Dorset. & Somerset. of his Scutage for that service.

In 5 Edw. 1. this Iohn was made GovernorPat. 5. Ed. 1. m. 24. of the Castles of Kaermerdin and Cardigan; and diedEsc. 12 Ed. 1. n. 30. in 12 Edw. 1. being then seisedEsc. 12 Ed. 1. n. 30. of the Mannors of Bullingham and Mu • rifield in Com. Wilts; as also of the Mannors of Welweton and Dundene in Com. Somers. of the inheritance of Cicely his Wife; leaving Iohn his Son and Heir, then ten years of age. Which Cicely in 17 Edw. 2. obtained the Kings CharterCart. 17 Ed. 1. n. 4. for a weekly Market upon the Thursday, at her Mannor of Compton near Dundene in Com. Somerset. And a Fair yearly on the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Mary Magdalen.

This Iohn in 29 Edw. 1. had a GrantCart. 29 Ed. 1. n. 4. from the King, for a weekly Market to be kept on the Thursday, at his Mannor of Hacche in Com. Somers. As also for a Fair yearly, to begin there upon the Eve of S. Iohn Baptist, and to continue two days next following that Festival (that being the cheif Seat of this Family.)

In 34 Edw. 1. he was 〈…〉 . one of that number, who received the honor of Knighthood with Prince Edward, the Kings eldest Son; and the same year, in 〈…〉 that expedition then made into Scotland. In 8 Edw. 2. he was again 〈…〉 in the Wars of Scotland. And in 13 Edw. 2. did his homage 〈…〉 to the Abbot of G • astonbury, for eight Knights Fees, which he held of him in Dundene, and for one in Shepton-Malet.

A word now of Cicely his Mother, who was Daughter and Coheir 〈…〉 to Maud de Kyme, and Cosin, and one 〈…〉 of the heirs to Iohn de •• y • on. This Cicely in 11 Edw. 2. obtained the Kings CharterCatt. 11 Ed. 2. n. 36., for a Market every week upon the Munday, at her Mannor of 〈◊〉 Malet in Com. Somers. As also for a Fair yearly on the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Barnabas the Apostle; and diedEsc. 14 Ed. 2. n. 8. in 14 Edw. 2. being then seisedEsc. 14 Ed. 2. n. 8. of the Mannor of 〈◊〉 -Marshal in Com. Dors. Of the moity of the Mannor of West Kington in Com. Wilts. Of the Mannor of Wodme •• h in Com. Surr. Of the Mannor of 〈◊〉 in Com. Cantabr. As also of the Hamlets of 〈◊〉 and Widecom • e. Iohn her Son and Heir (of whom I have already spoke) beingEsc. 14 Ed. 2. n. 8. then forty years of age, who doingRot. 〈◊〉 . 14 Ed. 2. m. 6. his homage, had LiveryRot. 〈◊〉 . 14 Ed. 2. m. 6. of all those Lands, and in 16 Edw. 2. was made GovernorPat. 16. Ed. 2. p. 1. m. 10. of the Castle of 〈◊〉 . Not long after, viz. in 18 Edw. 2. this Iohn was Rot. Vascon. 18 Ed. 2. m. 1. in that expedition then made into Gascoigne; and in 7 Edw. 3. obtained LicensePat. 7 Ed. 3. p. 2 m. 2. to fortifie his Mannor Houses at 〈◊〉 , Es • ok • s, and South Hamedon, and to embattle the Walls of them: And, having SummonsClaus de ii • dem Ann. in dorso. to Parliament, from the Twenty fifth of Edward the First, until the tenth of Edward the Third, departedEsc. • 0 Ed. 3. n. 42. this life that year, leaving Iohn Iohn. his Son and Heir thirty years of age; who doing his homageRot. Fin. 11 Ed. 3. m. 30. had LiveryRot. Fin. 11 Ed. 3. m. 30. of his Lands the next on suing year.

In 12 Edw. 3. this Iohn attendedRot. Aleman 12 H. 3. • . 7. Claus. 12 • 3. p. 2. in dorso m. 24. the King at his own charge, in that expedition, which he then made beyond the Seas; and the next year following, wasRot. Ale ••• 13 Ed. 3. m. 19. with him in F • anders. Where continuing till 14 Edw. 3. he obtained LicenseClaus 14 Ed. 3. in. 2. to transport twelve Sacks of his own Wool, for his better support in the Kings service in those parts.

In 16 Edw. 3. he wasR. 〈◊〉 . 1 • d. 3 m. 27. again in the Wars of France, and having been summonedClaus. de iisdem Ann. in dorso to Parliament, from 10 till 17 Edw. 3. diedEsc. 17 Ed. 3 n 58. Somers. that year, being seisedEsc. 17 Ed. 3 n 58. Somers. of the Mannor of Sc •• perton in Com. Middles. And of the Mannors of Dundene, Merschton, Wellaton; the moity of the Mannor of Shapton-Malet; the Mannors of Hacche-Beauchamp, Murrifield, Stoke-Chirche, Schepton-Beauchamp, and Stoke subtus Hamden, all in Com. Somers. leaving Iohn his Son and Heir twelve years of age; as also Margaret his Widow surviving; who had for her Dowry then assignedClaus 17 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 19. unto her, the Mannors of Dundene and Schepton. Beauchamp before mentioned: Likewise certain Lands and Rents in Murifield, and Sturmister Marshal in Com. Dors. with the moity of the Mannor of Selling near Monk-Horton in Kent. The Wardship of which Iohn, as to his Lands, was committedRot. Fin. 17 Ed. 3. m. 8. to Robert de Ferrers, and Reginald de Cobham; whereof he had LiveryClaus. 25 Ed. 3. m. 32. in 25 Edw. 3. then making proof of his age.

This Iohn Iohn. in 33 Edw. 3. wasRot. Vasc • n. 33 Ed. 3. p 2. m. 3. in that expedition then made into Ga • coigne; and of the RetinueRot. Vasc •• . 33 Ed. 3. p 2. m. 3. to Thomas de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, whose Daughter Alice he had married • ot. Joh. Rous in do •• o..

And having been summonedClaus. de iisdem Ann. in d • rso. to Parliament from the 25 to the 35 Edw. 3. inclusive; departedEsc. 35 E • . 3. p. 〈…〉 this life upon the seventh of October, in the same thirty fifth year without issue; leaving Ibid. Cecily his Sister forty years of age, afterwards married to ... Turbervill; and Iohn Meriet, the Son of Eleanor, his other Sister, fifteen years of age, his next heirs: Margaret his Mother then surviving, and holdingIbid. for term of life in Dower, the Mannors of West-Kington in Com. Wilts, Shepton-Beauchamp, Dundene, Murifield, and Broad Hertshton in Com. Somers. Which Margaret diedIbid. n. 36. the nineteenth of November following,

The next ensuing year after the death of which Iohn, upon PartitionRot. Fin. 36 Ed 3. m 27. Claus. 42 Ed. 3. m. 12. made of the Inheritance, divolved to those coheirs; Cecily had assignedRot. Fin. 36 Ed 3. m 27. Claus. 42 Ed. 3. m. 12. for her purpart, the Mannors of Hacche, Shepton-Beauchamp, Mur • field, the third part of the Mannor of Shepton-Malet in Com. Somers. Certain Lands in Sturmister-Marshal in Com. Dors. The Mannors of Boltbury and Huberton in Com. Devon; the Mannors of • ourton in Com. Buck. Little Haw in Com. Suff. And two parts of the Mannor of Selling in Com. Kan • .

Which Iohn Meriet diedIbid. in 3 Rich. 2. leaving issue Elizabeth, his sole Daughter and Heir, marriedIbid. to ... Seymour.

Redvers.

BAldwin de Brionis, Baldwin 1. for so he is calledMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 785 a. n 10. by some, but by othersOrd. Vit. 510 C. Baldwin de Molis, (secondW Gemet. • 12 B. 261 D. Son to Gilbert Crispin, EarlW Gemet. • 12 B. 261 D. of Brion, SonIbid. 269 D. of Godfrey, Earl of Ewe, NaturalD. de S. Quint. 152 C. Son to Richard, the first of that name, Duke of Normandy, (Great Grandfather to King William the Conqueror) wasOrd. Vit. 493 B. one of the principal persons of the Laity, that won much fame at the Conquest of England. Which Baldwin, besides this Alliance, took to WifeMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 785 a. n. 10. Albreda, Neice to King William, viz. DaughterOrd. Vit. 686 D. of his Aunt: And being a person in whom the King did so confide, obtainedIbid. 510 C. a choice place within the Walls of E • eter, whereon to build a Castle, seating himself there, with other Military Persons, to guard that City.

To this Baldwin, the trust of the County of Devon was committedDome • d. Devon. by that King; for which respect, he was, sometimes, calledDome • d. Devon. Baldwinus Vicecomes; but in regard of his cheif residence in Exeter, sometimesDomesd. Somers. Baldwinus de Excestre.

That the Possessions he had by the Conquerors gift, were very ample, is evident from the General Survey Domesd in 〈◊〉 C • m.: For besides Werne in Dorsetshire, Ham • ton, Apely, Portlock, and Mundiford, in Somerts • tshire; he had no less then an hundred fifty and nine Lordships in Devonshire, and nineteen Houses in E • eter.

By Albreda his Wife, he had issue three Sons, viz. W. Gemet. • • 12 C. Richard, Robert, and William; and three Daughters, whereof Adeliza Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 785 a. n. 10. only survived; and by a Concubine a NaturalOrd. Vit. 687 D. Son, called Guiger, shorn a MonkOrd. Vit. 687 D. at Bec, in Normandy.

Of which three Sons, Robert (who was the second) having been constituted Ibid. 686. Governor of Br • on, by 〈…〉 , Duke of Normandy, An. 1090. (3 Wil. 〈◊〉 ) and afterwards by him required 〈…〉 to deliver it up to Roger de 〈◊〉 (Father to Robert, Earl of Mellent) to whom, for a great sum of Money, Curthose had promised it, answered Ibid., If you will retain it in your own hands, as your Father heretofore did, I will presently render it to you; otherwise I will keep it as mine inheritance, as long as I live: For it is very well known to all the Inhabitants of this Countrey, that old Richard, Duke of Normandy gave it, with the whole County to Godfrey his Son; and that he, at his death left it to Giflebert his Son; who, being barbarously murthered by wicked men, his Sons for refuge fied to Baldwin, Earl of Flanders: Whereupon your Father (id est, William the Conqueror) taking it wholly into his own hands, disposed thereof to several persons as he thought good▪ But, after a while, having wedded the Daughter of the said Earl of Flanders, at the request of that Earl, he rendred to Baldwin my Father, Mola and S • ppo; and gaveIbid 687 A. him his Aunts Daughter to Wife; and to Richard my Fathers Brother, he restored Berefact and Orbeck; and lastly, by your special favor I do now enjoy this Brion, the principal Town of Gi • lebert my Grandfather.

Upon Richard Richard 1. the eldest Son, did the same King William(by reason of such his Alliance) bestowMon. Anglic. Vo. 1. 785 a. n. 30. the Inheritance of the whole Ho • or and Barony of Okehampton in Com. Devon. And likewise the CastleMon. Anglic. Vo. 1. 785 a. n. 30. of Exeter, with the SheriffaltyMon. Anglic. Vo. 1. 785 a. n. 30. of the County of Devon; (which his Father had) in consideration of a certain Annual Rent to the King; whereupon he was also calledIbid. n. 40. & 1000. 5. Richard Vicecomes.

This Richard, sirnamedMonast. Anglic. Vol. 2. 992 a. n. 20. also de Redvers, being NephewIbid. 305 a. n. 30. to William Fitz-Osberne, Earl of • ereford, and at length (after the death of Williams two Sons, Iohn and Richard, in the life time of their Father) hisIbid. 305 a. n. 30. Heir, being highly belovedMonast. Anglic Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 10. by King Henry the First, was madeOrd. Vit. p. 783 D. one of his cheif Counsellors in the first year of His Reign: And had by his gift,Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 20., not only Tiverton, with the Honor of Plimpton; but was by him made Earl of Devon; havingMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 20. the Tertium Denarium of the issues of that County, which amountedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 20. to ten marks (the whole Revenue thereof beingMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 20. then thirty marks) assigned to him; and not long after obtainedMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 20. from the same King, the Isle of Wight: Whereupon he was stiledMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 790 a. n. 20. Earl of Devon, and Lord of the Isle; howbeit, in regard of his Residence in the City of Exeter, he was for the most part calledIbid. 760 a. n. 10. Earl of Exeter.

He likewise hadIbid. 173 b., by the gift of that King, the Church of Christ Church, in Com. Southampt. which (being Collegiate of Canons Secular) he bestowedIbid. n. 10 & • 0. on a Priest of his called Peter de Oglandes, with all the Liberties, which Ranulph and Gilbert formerly Deans thereof, did ever enjoy; and gaveIbid. n. 10 & • 0. him all the Prebends belonging thereto, viz. The Town of Hurne; the Lands of Gos • el, Stamput, Huburne, Strode, Dudecompe, and the two Prestunes. AndIbid. n. 10 & • 0. in the Isle of Wight, the Lands of Apse and Hamstead; the Church of Hordull, with the Chappel of Melnford; the Church of Bolra, with the Chappels of Brokehurst, Holehurst, and Soppele, and the Prebend at Pidelton: And to this he added 〈…〉 , of his bounty, the Town of • ingwerle, in the same Isle of Wight, with certain Lands in Southampton, belonging to that Lordship. Moreover, being a person of very great Piety, he gave 〈…〉 to the Abby of 〈◊〉 in Norman • y, the Mannor of 〈◊〉 in Dorsetshire, with the Church (which afterwards was made (a Cell to that Monastery,) as also 〈…〉 the Chappel of Be • ementone, with the Tithes; likewise 〈…〉 , the Mannor of E • mouth in Devonshire, with the Church, Chappels, and Tithes thereto belonging.

Furthermore, with William called de Vernon, his Son, he gave 〈…〉 thereunto all his Right in the Church of Re • vers, with the Tithes, and Tithes of the Mills of that Town. And afterwards, in his age, growing more devout, gave 〈…〉 all his Lands of Brightley, (within the Honor of Okehampton) An. 1133. (33 Hen. 1.) to Found an Abby there, of the Cistercian Order; and in the first year of King Stephen placedIbid. n. 60. twelve Monks therein: Shortly after which, he died 〈…〉 (viz. 2 Steph. An. 1137.) and being there Interred 〈…〉 , was translated 〈…〉 to Ford, when those Monks were removed from Brightley thither. In the HistoryIbid. n. 10. of the Foundation of which Abby (viz. Ford ) it is said, That this Richard de Redvers died without issue, and left all his Inheritance to Adeliza his only Sister; as also, that she was thereupon called 〈…〉 Adeliza Vicecomitissa; and that, from this Adeliza, the Courtneys, at length Barons of Okehampton, and Earls of 〈◊〉 , did descend: But by other Authorities it appeareth 〈…〉 , that he had three Sons, viz. Baldwin, who succeeded him in his Honor, William, sirnamed de Vernon, and Robert de S. Mariae Ecclesiâ; and a DaughterIbid. called Hadewise de Rumara, Countess of Lincoln; which Hadewise gaveMonast. Anglic. Vol. 1. 760 b. n 10. to the Monks of Quarre •• , one yard Land lying in Pyde •• on.

I come now to Baldwin Baldwin. his son.

This Baldwin, upon the death of King Henry the First, adhering to Maud the Empress, was the firstGrevas. Doro • ern. 1310. n. 50 S. Dun • . 259. 6. that appeared for her, by fortifyingGrevas. Doro • ern. 1310. n. 50 S. Dun • . 259. 6. his Castle at Exeter against King Stephen; and likewise the Isle of Wight, (which was of his Inheritance) for the better defending of which Castle he spent much treasure, in making of certain Military Engines. Whereupon the King raised an Army of English and Flemings, wherewith he marched into Oevonshire, and after a short Siege, having takenGrevas. Doro • ern. 1310. n. 50 S. Dun • . 259. 6. that Castle, seisedGrevas. Doro • ern. 1310. n. 50 S. Dun • . 259. 6. upon the Isle of Wight, with all other his Possessions; and expelledGrevas. Doro • ern. 1310. n. 50 S. Dun • . 259. 6. him, with his Wife and Children, out of England.

It is said 〈…〉 by some, that the cause of this his Rebellion against King Stephen, was, for that the King refused to confer upon him some Honor, which he desired; yet afterwards he again enjoyed his Earldom of Devon; but was commonly called 〈…〉 Exoniensis Comes, by reason of his dwelling in that City.

This Baldwin was Founder 〈…〉 of the Abby of Brummore in Wilthshire; and for 〈…〉 the health of his Soul, and the Soul of Adeliza his Wife; as also for the Souls of Richard his Father, Adeliza his Mother, and of King Henry the First (who bestowed that Land on his Father) gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of S. Peter of Elun • , and of S. Martin de Champa (in the Suburb of Paris) his Land and Chappel of S. Iames, with the Tithes thereto belonging, situate without the Walls of Exeter; as also 〈…〉 the Church of Tiverton; which Chappel of S. Iames, thenceforth became a Cell to that Forein Monastery.

To the Monks of Plimpton, he was likewi • e a Benefactor, by the Grant 〈…〉 of a Conduct for Water unto that Priory, through the Gardens of his Tenants at Plimpton; as alsoIbid. n. 30. of the Lordship of Garston.

Moreover, he was FounderMon. Anglic Vol 1. 760 a n 20 Mon Angl. V. 2 180 • . n 30. & • 81 a n. 10 of the Abby of Quarrera, for Cistercian Monks in the Isle of Wight, in An. 1122. (33 Hen. 1.) As alsoMon. Anglic Vol 1. 760 a n 20 Mon Angl. V. 2 180 • . n 30. & • 81 a n. 10 of the Priory of Christ Chur • h, Twincham, for Canons of S. Augustines Order, which was before a Collegiate Church for Canons Secular. By Lucia Ibid 179 • . n 20. his Wife, having issueMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 645 a. l. 26. three Sons, Richard, William, and Henry, he departedIb. 790 a. n. 30. this life at Quarrera, upon the second Nones of Iune, An. 1155. (1 Hen. 2.) And was there buriedIb. 790 a. n. 30. , withIb. 790 a. n. 30. Adeliza his Wife, and Henry his Son, who died in his youth.

Which Richard Richard 2. succeeding him in this Earldom, heldRot. Pip. 2 H 2. Devon. the Sheriffalty of Devon, in 2 Hen. 2. And, having in 7 Hen. 2. confirmedM • n. Anglic. Vo • . 2. 181 a. n. 20. that Foundation and Endowment of the Priory of Twineham, which had been made by himself and Earl Baldwin his Father, diedLel. Coll. Vol. 2. p. 19. the year following (viz. 8. Hen. 2.) in the City of Maunt, leaving issueMS. in Bibl. Cotton. (Domitian A. 8. 79 b. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179 a. n. 20. by Dionysia MS. in Bibl. Cotton. (Domitian A. 8. 79 b. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179 a. n. 20. his Wife, Daughter of Reginald, Earl of Cornwal, two Sons, Baldwin MS. in Bibl. Cotton. (Domitian A. 8. 79 b. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179 a. n. 20. and Richard. MS. in Bibl. Cotton. (Domitian A. 8. 79 b. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179 a. n. 20.

In 12 Hen. 2. upon the levying of that Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter then assessed, there being no Certificate sent (as from others) of the Knights Fees which this last Earl Richard held, by reason of his death, so lately before: It appearsLib. Rub in Scacc. sub tit. Devon., That upon the Collection of that Aid in 14 Hen. 2. Reginald, Earl of Cornwal, answered for them Fifty nine pound six shillings eight pence (viz. a mark for each Fee) they being in number Eighty nine.

I now come to Baldwin Baldwin 3. his eldest Son.

This Baldwin weddedR. Hoved, 3 • 6 b. n. 20 & 373 b. n. 30. ... the Daughter and Heir of Ralph de Dols, in Berry, but diedR. Hoved, 3 • 6 b. n. 20 & 373 b. n. 30. without any issue by her: Whereupon she was, by King Richard the First, in the first of his Reign, givenR. Hoved, 3 • 6 b. n. 20 & 373 b. n. 30. in marriage to Andrew de Chavenni.

To whom succeededMon Angl. Vol 2. 179 a. n. 20. Rich 3▪ Ibid. Vol 1. 790. n. 40. Richard his Brother and Heir; who also departingMon Angl. Vol 2. 179 a. n. 20. Rich 3▪ Ibid. Vol. 1. 790. n. 40. this life without issue, this Earldom resortedMon Angl. Vol 2. 179 a. n. 20. Rich 3▪ Ibid. Vol. 1. 790. n. 40. to William, sirnamed de Vernun, his Uncle; so called, because he had his education at that place.

Which William, William. in 5 Rich. 1. upon the second Coronation of that King, wasR. Hoved. 420 a. n. 50. one of the four Earls that carried the silken Canopy at that solemnity, being then stiledR. Hoved. 420 a. n. 50. Earl of the Isle of Wight. And in 6 Rich. 1. uponRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Devon. levying the Scutage for that Kings Redemption, paidRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Devon. fifteen pound, accountingRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Devon. for forty five pounds more, which he gave to the King, upon his going out of England. Moreover he gaveRot. Pip. 6 Rich. 1. Southampt. two hundred twenty marks at that time to the King, for obtaining his favor, and restitution of his Lands upon the Kings return out of Almaine.

In 6 Ioh. he gaveRot. • in. 6 Joh. m. 8. five hundred marks (to be paid in two years) to be repossessed of his Castle at Plimpton, and to have the Lordships of More • s and Ridleston, which were the Inheritance of the Countess of Mellent, which she had granted to him; as also for the Lordship of Cruke, which was the Dowry of the Countess of Berry, and of his Fee, for which he had paid fourscore pounds per annum; which payment, was upon this Fine, to be quitted: MoreoverRot. Pip. 7 Joh. Dorse • & Somers., to have a Tryal, by the great Assize, for decision of the right betwixt the King and himself, touching Rumbrug and Langele, viz. eight pound Land near Southampton; likewise, for enjoying that twenty pound Land, which was of the Normans; and that he might govern his Tenants by Military service, and others in the Isle of Wight, according to the Law of the Land, and Judgment of his Court, so that they might do with their Lands as they rightfully ought.

In 8 Ioh. he gaveRot. Pip. 8 Joh. Southampt. to the King one hundred pound and a Palfrey, for Livery of the Lordships of Reynton and Feltham, which were the marriage Portion of Alice his Grand-mother: And in 13 Ioh. paidRot Pip. 13 Joh. Devon. one hundred seventy and eight marks for eighty nine Knights Fees in Devonshire, andRot Pip. 13 Joh. Devon. four pounds and one mark for three and an half in Berkshire, upon levying the Scutage of Wales.

In 15 Ioh. he wentClaus. 15 Joh in dorso m. 1. into Poictou.

In 18 Ioh. the King taking noticePat. 18 Joh. m. 7. of his great age; and, by reason thereof, his disability to defend his Lands against Lewes of France (whom the Rebellious Barons had then called in) did grantPat. 18 Joh. m. 7. that he might retain his said Lands in his own hand, upon condition, that Baldwin, his Son, should constantly remain with the King in his service.

Which Baldwin, having weddedPlac. coram Rege apud Westm. de T. Trin. 3 Edw. • . Rot 53. O • on. Mon. Angl. Vol. 1 780 b Margaret, Daughter and Heir to Warine Fitz-Gerald; and dyingPlac. coram Rege apud Westm. de T. Trin. 3 Edw. • . Rot 53. O • on. Mon. Angl. Vol. 1 780 b in the life time of his Father; King Iohn gaveMat. Paris, in an. 1216. p. 275. n. 20. Claus. 1 H. 3. m. 10. her in marriage unto his great favorite Falk de Breant, in 15 Ioh.

This Earl William took to Wife Mabel Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 179 a. n. 30. DaughterEx Coll. R. Glov. S. to Robert Earl of Mellent, and had by the giftEx ipso Autogr. penès Joh. Philipot Ar. Somerset H • raldum An. 1640. of her Father, the Lordships of Esturmenistre, Moreis, and •• dlestune, to hold to her and her heirs. By which Mabel, besides Baldwin his Son, who died in his life time (as hath been observed) he had issue two Daughters, viz. Mary Mon. Angl Vol. 1. 179 a. n 30 the Wife ofMon. Angl Vol. 1. 179 a. n 30 Robert de Curtenay, who hadCart. 1 Joh. p. • n. 41. in marriage, the Head of his Barony in Devonshire, with the Castle of Plimpton. And Ioane Ex Coll. R. Glov. S., first marriedEx Coll. R. Glov. S. to William, the Son of William Briwere, and afterCart. 1 Joh. ut supra. to Hubert de Burgh, Chamberlain to the King, who hadCart. 1 Joh. ut supra. also in marriage with her, the whole Isle of Wight, as also Christ Church. Which Ioane diedM •• . Anglic. Vol 2. 179 a. n 50 without issue. This William diedPat. 1 H 3. m. 3. Pat. 2 H. 3. m. 9. in 1 Hen. 3. whereupon his Castles of Caresbrock and Plimpton were committedPat. 1 H 3. m. 3. Pat. 2 H. 3. m. 9. to the trust of the Sheriff of Hantshire, and others; and the custodyPat. 1 H 3. m. 3. Pat. 2 H. 3. m. 9. of his Lands in Hantshire, Dorsetshire, and Somersetshire, unto Ralph de Wiliton.

But the Wardship of the Son and Heir of Baldwin Baldwin 4. his Son, was givenIbid. m. 5. Claus. 2 H. 3. m. 5. & 7. to Falk de Breant, above mentioned (who had married his Mother) and heldPat 8 H. 3 m. 9., as her Dowry (inter alia) the Castle of Plimpton, which was accountedPat 8 H. 3 m. 9. Caput Honoris Comitatus Devon; upon whose death, which hapnedRot. Fin. 9 Hen 3. m 6. in 9 Hen. 3. she, the said Margaret, had LiveryRot. Fin. 9 Hen 3. m 6. of her Dowry by her first Husband Baldwin, before mentioned; she thereupon undertakingRot. Fin. 9 Hen 3. m 6. to pay the Debts of her last Husband Falk de Breant, by three hundred marks per annum, till they should be fully satisfied.

This Margaret (by some called Margery) in her pure Widowhood, forEx Coll. R. Glov S. the health of the Soul of Warine Fitz-Gerald, her Father; and the Souls of Alice de Curcy her Mother, gaveEx Coll. R. Glov S. to the Canons of Bolton in Yorkshire, her Mills at Hare • ode in that County. And in 36 Hen. 3. (An. 1252.) departedMatth. 〈◊〉 , in An. 12 • 2. p. 848. 〈◊〉 &c. this life upon the sixth Nones of October.

Matthew Paris affirmsIbid., that she was by King Iohn the Tyrant (as he calls him) who stuck at no wicked act, constrained to marry that impious, ignoble, and base conditioned man, Falk de Breant, against her Will; of which marriage, he says, one wrote these following lines at that time.

Lex connectit eos, amor & concordia Lecti: Sed Lex qualis? Amor qualis? Concordia qualis? Lex exlex; Amor exosus, concordia discors.

And goeth on thusIbid., That on a time, being in Bed with him, he dreamed that a Stone of an extraordinary bigness, like a Thunderbolt, burst out of the Tower of the Church at S. Albans; and falling upon him, crusht him to pieces. Whereupon starting out of his sleep, and, with great amazement, trembling; she asked him what the matter was, and how he did? To whom he answered, I have in my time undergone many perils, but never was so much terrified, as in this Dream. And having told her all particulars, she replied, That he had grievously offended S. Alban, by polluting that Church with blood, and plundering the Abby; and therefore advised him, for preventing a more grievous revenge, to reconcile himself to that holy Martyr. Wherefore, lodging then at Luyton, he forthwith arose, and went to S. Albans; and having sent for the Abbot, fell upon his knees with tears, and holding up his hands, said, Lord have mercy upon me, for I have grievously offended God, and his Blessed Martyr S. Alban; but to a sinner there is mercy: Let me therefore, by your leave, speak to your Covent in Chapter, to ask pardon of them in your presence for what I have done. Whereunto the Abbot consented, admiring to see such Lamb-like humility in a Woolf: Therefore, putting off his apparel, he entred the Chapter-house, bearing a Rod in his hand: and, confessing his fault (which he said he did in time of War) received a lash by every one of the Monks upon his naked Body: And when he had put on his cloaths again, he went and sate by the Abbot, and said, This my Wife hath caused me to do for a Dream; but, if you require restitution for what I then took, I will not hearken to you: And so he departed, the Abbot and Monks being glad, that they were so rid of him, without doing them any more mischeif.

This Margaret heldClaus 〈◊〉 E. 1. 〈…〉 Esc. 20 Ed. 1. • . 139. the Lordships of Pishoo, Niweham, South-Lamheth, Wrokeshale, and Christechirche, in Dower, from Baldwine, sometime Earl of Devonshire, her Husband; and came at last to be the WifeCla • s. 8 E • ▪ 1. m 4. 〈◊〉 supra. of Robert Aguillon; but died not till 20 Edw. 1. by which, it is evident, that she lived to a very great age.

I now come to Baldwin, Baldw •• . • . Son of Baldwin, who died in his Fathers life time. In 11 Hen. 3. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Glocester and Hertford, gave 〈…〉 a Fine of two thousand marks to the King, for leave to marry his eldest Daughter to this young Earl. Whereupon all his Demesn Lands, which were then esteemed at two hundred pound per annum value, were committed 〈…〉 to the Guardianship of the same Earl of Glocester, (the rest being in the hands 〈…〉 of Savaric de Male-leone) till he came of full age.

In 24 Hen. 3. the King keeping 〈…〉 his Christmass at Winchester, at the instance of Richard Earl of Cornwal, in whose tuition this Baldwin then was, girded 〈…〉 him with the Sword of Knighthood; and then also investing 〈…〉 him with the Earldom of Wiht, gave 〈◊〉 . Mo • . Ang. Vol 1. 7 • 0. b. n▪ 10. him Amicia the Daughter of the same Earl of Gloucester, in marriage.

But in An. 1245 (29 H. 3.) which was about five years after; on the morrow after St. Valentines day, he died 〈…〉 in the flower of his youth, leaving issue 〈…〉 Baldwin his Son and Heir very young. After which; scil. in 32 H. 3. the King assentedPat 32 H. 3. m. 11., that this Amicia should marry unto Robert Gynes: And in 34 H. 3. accountedRot. P • p. 24 Hen. 3. Devon. four hundred pounds for the Ferme of the Lands of her late Husband E. Baldwin: Baldwin 5. which Rent she was to giveRot. P • p. 24 Hen. 3. Devon. till the Heir came of age.

This last mentioned Baldwin, being in minority at time of his Fathers death (as hath been said) was committedPat. 36 H. 3. m. 3. to the tuition of Peter de Savoy (a great man in that age) to the end, that he should marryPat. 36 H. 3. m. 3. kinswoman of Queen Alianore; whom in 41 Hen. 3. by the directionM. Paris, in ann. 12 •• ▪ p 944 n. 50 of that Queen, he accordingly tookM. Paris, in ann. 12 •• ▪ p 944 n. 50 to Wife, and, the same year, doing his Homag • had LiveryClaus. 41 H. 3. m. 11. of his Lands. By whome he had issueMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179. • . n. 40. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 790. a. n. 10. Iohn a Son, who diedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179. • . n. 40. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. 790. a. n. 10. in his Infancy.

In 44 H. 3. at the marriage of Iohn Duke of Bretayne, with Beatrix King Henry the thirds Daughter, this Earl Baldwine receivedLel. Col. Vol. 1. 6 • 9. the honor of Knighthood with that Duke: but about two years after; scil. in Anno 1262. (46 H. 3.) he diedM. Westm. in eodem ann. by PoysonChron. de 〈…〉 Cott. (together with Richard Earl of Gloucester, and others) at the Table of Peter de Savoy Uncle to the Queen (being then a young man) leaving Isabel Rot. Pip. 1 Edw. 1. Devon. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179. a. n. 50. de Fortibus Wife of William de Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, and Holderness, his SisterRot. Pip. 1 Edw. 1. Devon. Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179. a. n. 50. and Heir, whereby this Earldom, as to the male line of this great Family, came to an end.

Which Isabel being thereupon in fullMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 790 b. n. 20. & 30. possession thereof; and Lady of the Isle of Wight, excepting the Dowry of Amicia her Mother, gaveMon. Ang. Vol. 1. 790 b. n. 20. & 30. to the said Amicia, the Inheritance of the Mannors of Bockland, Bickley, Woollhampton, and Coliton, with the Hundreds, advowsons of Churches, Knights Fees, and whatsoever else to them belonged; with which she the said Amicia founded 〈…〉 the Abby of Bockland in Devonshire, in Anno 1378. (8 Edw. 1.) for the health 〈…〉 of the Souls of King Henry the third and Queen Alianore, Gilbert de Clare, sometime Earl of Gloucester, her Father; Isabel her Mother; Baldwin Earl of Devon, her late Husband; as also of Isabel Countess of Devon and Albemarle, and Margaret a Nun at Lacock, her two Daughters, then living.

Of which Amicia all that I have farther to say, is that in 53 Hen. 3. she was made 〈…〉 Governess of Hadley Castle in Hertfordshire; and that she held 〈…〉 the Mannors of Tiverton, Exminster, and Topsham, in Comit. Devon. and Edbrington, in Comit. Dors. in Dower; and died 〈…〉 in 12 Edw. 1. whereupon her said Daughter Isabel de Fortibus, of whose Inheritance they were, had then Livery 〈…〉 of them

Nor have I any more to say here of this Isabel (having under the Title of Albemarle, and Holderness said something already) than that by her death, and the deathMon Ang. Vol. 1. 4 • 0 b. l. 51. of Aveline her Daughter and sole heir, withoutMon Ang. Vol. 1. 4 • 0 b. l. 51. issue, so much of the Inheritance as was not granted by them to the King, resortedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 179. • ▪ n. 50. to the Heirs of Mary the Wife of Robert de Courtney; whereupon they attained to the Earldom of Devon; as I shall shew in due place.

Ferrers.

THe first of this Family, that setled in this Realm, was Henry de Feriers, Henry. SonOrd Vit. 522. b. to Gualcheline de Feriers, a Norman. Whether he accompanied Duke William at his first entrance hither is hard to say: for it is evident, that the Castle of Stutesburie (now called Tutburie) givenIbid. him, inter alia, by that renowned Conqueror, belongingIbid. to Hugh de Abrincis, a Norman also: And therefore, if he came in afterwards, it was certainly before the general Survey of this Realm, begun by that King, about the fourteenth year of his Reign; he being then one of the Commissioners appointed for that great service; as appeareth by this notable Testimonial from the Lieger BookIn bibl▪ Cotton. of Worcester; viz.—In vicecomitatu, Wiraceastre habet S. Maria de Wiraceastre, unum hundredum, quod vocatur Oswaldeslau; in quo jacent 300 hidae &c. Hoc Testimonium totus Vicecomitaus Wiraceastre, dato sacramento jurisjurandi, firmavit; exhortante & ad laborante piissimo & prudentissimo Patre D. Wolstano Episcopo, tempore Regis willielmi senior • s, coram Principibus ejusdem Regis Romigio scilicet Lincolni • nsi Episcopo, & Comite Waltero Giffardo, & Henrico de Feriers, & Adam fratre Eudonis Dopiferi Regis; qui ad inquirendas, & describendas possessiones & consuetudines; tam Regis quàm Principum suorum, in hac Provinciâ, & in pluribus aliis, ab ipso Rege destinati sunt, eo tempore, quo totam Angliam Rex describi fecit, &c.

That he was a person of much eminency both for his knowledge and integrity there is no doubt; otherwise it is not like he should have been trusted in so high and weighty an imployment: neither of less Power and Wealth, as may seem by the Lands he then possessed, which wereDomesd Iib. 〈◊〉 •• sd. Com. twenty Lordships in Berkshire, in Wiltshire three, in Essex five, in Oxfordshire seven, in Warwickshire six, in Lincolnshire two, in Buckinghamshire two, in Gloucestershire one, in Herefordshire two, in Hantshire three, in Nottinghamshire three, in Leicestershire thirty five, in Derbyshire an hundred and fourteen; and in Staffordshire seven, besides the Castle and Burrough of Tutburie; one of which seven was Chebsey, whereunto that part of Stafford appertained, wherein the King appointed a Castle to be built, instead of that which was then demolished. Near unto which Castle at Tutbury, he found aMon Ang▪ Vol. 1. 354. n. 30. goodly Monastry for Cluniac Monks, and amply endowed Mon Ang▪ Vol. 1. 354. n. 30. it with Lands and Revenues; Berta his Wife first givingMon Ang▪ Vol. 1. 354. n. 30. the whole Town of Dubbridge, Mon. Aug. Vol. 2. 875. • n 20. and afterwards the Mannor of Estanfort thereto. He likewise gaveRegist. de Abend • n in 〈◊〉 . Cotton. f. 140. to the Monks of Abendon in Berkshire, the Tithes of Laking.

To this Henry succeeded Robert Robert. his younger Son; for Eugenulfus and William died, as it seems, in his life time. Which Robert was one of the witnessesRic. Hagu •• ald. 315. l. 13. to King Stephen's Laws, made in the first year of his Reign: and having brought Joh. Hagustald. 〈◊〉 . l. 35. in, and commanded the Derbyshire men, in that famous Battle near North-Alverton, (in Yorkshire) 3 Steph. commonly called Bellum de Standardo (of which I have spoke more largely in my discourse of William Earle of Albemarle) where the Northern Barons hadJoh. Hagustald. 〈◊〉 . l. 35. a glorious Victory against David King of Scots; was, for that good service, advancedIbid. l. 66. to the Earldom of Derby, but diedIbid. 265. l. 51. the year following, scil. Ann. 1139.

Leaving Robert Robert. his Son and Heir, who stiledRegist. Pr. de Tu • burie pen • s Henr. Agard Equ. aut. cap. 52. himself Robertus Comes junior de Ferrariis, and likewiseIbid. cap. 70. Comes junior de Notingham; and two Daughters, viz. Isolda marriedRot. in Dominabus. &c. 〈◊〉 . Northamp. • c. Rot. 3. to Stephen de Beauchamp, and ... marriedOrd. vit. • . 7. C. to Walcheline Maminot.

Which Robert in Anno 1141 (6 Steph.) gave Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 273. b. n. 50. to the Monks of Tutbury, all his Tithes in Newbourough; in which Grant he maketh mentionMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 273. b. n. 50. of Hawise his Mother: and confirmedIbid. 354. b. n. 20. unto them whatsoever Henry his Grandfather, Eugenulf his Uncle, and Robert his Father had given to them; all which he there in particular recitethIbid. 354. b. n. 20..

He likewise gaveRegist. de No •• el in bib. 〈◊〉 . f 305. the Church of Bredon, in Com. Leicest. with the tithes of his Tenants in Tonge, Anderskirk, and Wivelestone; as also the Chappels of Worthington and Stanton, with the Tithes of Newbold, and Dichesworth, of his Fee, unto the Canons of Nostel, in Yorkshire (which Church of Bredon became thenceforth a Cell to that house.) Moreover, he foundedMon. Angl. vol. 2. 231. a. • . 40. the Priory of Derby, afterwards translated to Derley in that County, for Canons of St. Austines order; as alsoRegist. de Miravale penès Ric. Chamberlain. arm. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. p. 830. a. n. 10. 20. &c. the Abby of Merevale, in Com. Warw. for Cistercian-Monks, which he endowedRegist. de Miravale penès Ric. Chamberlain. arm. Mon. Ang. Vol. 1. p. 830. a. n. 10. 20. &c. with great possessions; and wherein he was buriedRegist. de Miravale ut supra., being wrapt in an Oxe-Hide.

He likewise confirmedMon. Ang. vol. 1. 772. n. 20. &c. to the Monks of Geroudon, in Comit. Leicest. the Lordship of Hethcot, givenMon. Ang. vol. 1. 772. n. 20. &c. to them by his Ancestors; and bestowedMon. Ang. vol. 1. 772. n. 20. &c. on them one Messuage with twenty Acres and a half of Land, lying in New-Bigging, Wolstancote, and Hertingdon; with the moity of a Meadow, called, Over-Meadow, in Lee; another in Bradbourne, called Heye; and another called Swetedoles: alsoMon. Ang. vol. 1. 772. n. 20. &c. six Acres of Land in Penewyk; and four Ox-gangs in Newbold, with certain Tofts and Cro • ts there. And, with 〈…〉 William his Son; gave 〈…〉 Newton and Cottes to the Monks of Cumbermere in Cheshire.

To this Robert succeeded William Earl Ferrers his Son and Heir; who, in 12 Henr. 2. upon 〈…〉 levying the Ayde for marriage of the Kings Daughter, certified 〈…〉 his Knights Fees he then held, to be, in number, seventy nine, for which in 14 Henr. 2. upon collection of that Aid he payd 〈…〉 sixty eight marks. He also confirmed 〈…〉 all those Grants to the Monks of Tutbury, which had been made by Robert his Father and Robert his Grandfather; and farther gave 〈…〉 unto them one Oxe-gang of Land in Merston, upon the day that he Caused the Body of Henry de Ferrers his Ancestor to be translated into the Church of Tutbury, on the right hand the high Altar.

Moreover he gave to the Knights Hospitalars the Churches of TurrokIbid. 508. n. 30., and S • etbingIbid. 543. n. 50. in Essex, with divers Lands inIbid. 546. n. 60. Passenham.

This William marriedPlac. coram R. • er. Mich. 25 Hen. 3. Margaret Daughter and heir to William Peverel of Not • ingham; and left issue by her two Sons; viz. Robert, who succeeded him in his Honors; and (Walcheline) FatherMon. Angl. Vol. 1. p. 40. a. n 40. of Hugh de Ferrers (of whom I shall farther speak by and by.)

Of which Robert Robert. the first mention I find, is; that in 19 Hen. 2. hearingJoreval. 1085 n. 10▪ 20. &c. how the Kings Teritories in France were invaded by the adherents of young Henry (whom his Father had Crowned in his lifetime, And some ill successes, which had befallen the King in those parts) he joynedIbid. with the Earls of Chester, Leicester, Norfolk and some other great men here in England, in the like Hostile Actions, mannedIbid. his Castles of Tu • bury and Duffield, against the King; and having also raisedR. Hoved. 307. b. n. 10. the power of Leicestershire, marchedR. Hoved. 307. b. n. 10. early in the morning to Notingham, (which then was keptR. Hoved. 307. b. n. 10. for the king by Reginald de Luci) and having with little difficulty entred the Town, plundredR. Hoved. 307. b. n. 10. and burntR. Hoved. 307. b. n. 10. it, slayingR. Hoved. 307. b. n. 10. and taking, Prisoners most of the Inhabitants.

But the King having notice of these outrages, returnedR. Hoved. 208. a. n. 30. into England soon after; at whose arrival his good subjects took courage, and prevailed over the Rebels in every place; against whom Rese Prince of Wales marchtRad. de Dice • o; 577. n. • 0. also with a great power; and besiegedRad. d • Dice • o; 577. n. • 0. this Earles Castle at Tu • bury. Whereupon, being apprehensive of his danger, he hastedIbid. 578. n. 20. to the King then at Northampton; and uponR. Hoved, 308. b. n. 40. the 7 Kal. of August, to obtain his favor, submittedR. Hoved, 308. b. n. 40. himself; rendringR. Hoved, 308. b. n. 40. his Castles of Tutbury and Duffield, and givingMS. Oxon. in bibl Bodl. [Med. 20.] s. 44. b. security for his future fidelity: but so little did the King trust him, that he forthwith demolishedRad. de D • ceto 588. n. 20. those Forts.

This Robert took to WifeMon. Ang. Vol. • ▪ 862. b. n. 40. Sibilla the Daughter of William de Braose (of Brecknock) and forMon. Ang. Vol. • ▪ 862. b. n. 40. the health of her Soul, as also of the Soul of Berta her Mother (Daughter to Milo Earl of Hereford) gaveMon. Ang. Vol. • ▪ 862. b. n. 40. to the Monks of Dore in Herefordshire, all Oxmeode.

He also foundedIbid. 294. • . n. 40. a Priory at Wodham (commonly called Wodham-Ferrers ) in Essex.

By this Sibilla he left issue William his Son and Heir; and two Daughters; viz. Milisent the WifeIbid. 2 •• . • . n. 20. of Roger Lord Mortimer of Wigmore; and Agatha, who, being a ConcubineHi • t. of Wales by D. Powel, p. 259. to King Iohn, hadHi • t. of Wales by D. Powel, p. 259. by him a Daughter called Ioane, marriedHi • t. of Wales by D. Powel, p. 259. to Leweline Prince of Wales.

Which William William. Earl Ferrers, not only confirmedEx Autogr. penès Jo • . Ferrers de Tamworth cas •• o, Ar •• . to the Monks of Gerowdon, the inclosed Grounds at Hethcote, with Pasturage for an hundred sheep there, which his Father had given to them; but added another piece of Inclosure adjoyning thereto, with Pasturing for two hundred sheep more, at • ixscore the hundred; as also for five Kyne, one Bull, and six Oxen. And in 1 R, 1. gaveEx • artula • . Abb. 〈…〉 . to the Monks of St. Denis in France, for the health of his Soul, and the Soul of Sibil his Wife, one Wax Taper yearly, price thirteen pence; as also a Stagg and a Bore in their proper seasons, to be sent annually thither at the Feast of S. Dennis, by the Messengers of him the said Earl, and his heirs. And likewiseEx Registro de Lenton in •• bl. Cotton. to the Monks of Lenton, all his right to the Church of Wodham in Essex; which he speciallyEx Registro de Lenton in •• bl. Cotton. gave for the health of the Souls of those who were with him at the burning of Nottingham, (at the time, as it seems, when his Father made such spoil there, as is before expressed.)

He also gaveMon. Anglic. Vol 1. 648. n. • 0. to those Monks of Lenton the Tithes of all his Essarts in the Forest of High Peke.

But this William was outed of those his Earldoms of Nottingham and Derby, by King Richard the first, in the first year of his Reign, as it seems: For, upon that Kings first arrivalR. Hoved. 3 • 30. n. 20. in England, after King Henry the Seconds death, it appears, that he bestowedR. Hoved. 3 • 30. n. 20. them, (with divers other) upon Iohn, Earl of Moreton, (his own Brother:) Howbeit, long it was not, that he continued so dispossessed; for he attended that King in his voyage to the Holy Land; and there departedMat. Paris, 162. n. 20. R. Hoved. 390 b. this life, at the Siege of Acon, in An. 1191. (3 Rich. 1.) leaving issue William, William. his Son and Heir, who in 3 Rich. 1. payingRot. Pip. 3 Rich. 1. Staff. one hundred pound for his Relief, had Livery of his Lands.

Of the great misfortunes which befel King Richard in that journey, I need not here tell, our Historians speaking so fully thereof; nor of the advantage which Iohn, Earl of Moreton, thereupon made, in seising divers Castles, here in England, to his own use; reporting his Brother King Richard, to be dead; and thereupon laying claim to the Crown: But shall observe, that uponR. Hoved. f. 418 b. the return of King Richard into England, orderR. Hoved. f. 418 b. was given for the Siege of those Castles: Whereupon, this our William, Earl Ferrers, joynedIbid. n. 20. with the Earl of Chester, in the besieging of Nottingham Castle, which was after a while rendred; and was, for his fidelity, made choice of by the King, to sitIbid. 419 a. • n. 30. with the rest of the Peers in that great Council there held on the thirtieth of March following. Moreover, at his second Coronation, he was one of the four that carriedIbid. 420 b. n. 50. the rich Canopy over his head.

And in the first year of King Iohn, with the Earls of Clare, Chester, and other of the great men, sworeIbid. 451. n. 30. fealty to that King; but with conditionIbid. 451. n. 30., that each should have his own rendred. At the Coronation also of King Iohn, in the Church of S. Peter at Westminster, on Ascension day, he wasIbid. 451. n. 30. also present: And on the seventh of Iune following, being solemnly createdCar • . Antiq. • . n. 20. Earl of Derby, by a special Charter, then dated at Northampton, he was girtCar • . Antiq. • . n. 20. with a Sword by the Kings own hands (being the first 〈◊〉 Tit. of Honor, p. • 53., of whom, in any Charter that expression was used) having likewise thereby a GrantCart. Antiq. ut supra. of the third penny of all the Pleas impleaded before the Sheriff, throughout that whole County, whereof he was Earl; to hold to him and his heirs, in as ample manner, as any of his Ancestors enjoyed the same.

And by another CharterCart. Antiq. BB. n. 1., dated 11 Iuly, the same year, had a Grant from the King, to himself and his heirs in Fee-Farm, of the Mannors of Wirkesworth and Esseburne (vnlgò Ashburne) together with the whole Wapentake; paying yearly to the Exchequer Seventy pound sterling, at Michaelmas and Easter, by even portions. And about the same time also, in 〈…〉 consideration of Two thousand marks▪ obtained another Charter 〈…〉 from the King of the Mannor of Hec • am (now called 〈…〉 ) in Com. Northampt. with the Hundred and Park; as also of the Mannors of Bli • eworth and New • ottle, in the same County (which were part of the Lands of Wil • iam Peverel of Nottingham, whose Daughter and Heir called Margaret was his Grandmother) upon condition 〈…〉 , that he should release unto the King his whole Right and Claim, in all other the Lands, that did belong to the same William Peverel. By which Charter 〈…〉 the King, doth rend • r, grant, and confirm unto him, Hekham, with one Hundred and an half; as also the Park; and likewise Newbottle and Bliseworth, as his Inheritance, by descent from William Peverel, whose right heir he was: To hold to him, and his heirs for ever, by the service of one Knights Fee. Whereupon he quittedIbid. his title to all the rest of the Castles, Forests, and Lands of the same William Peverel.

In 2 Ioh. he had a GrantCart. • J •• m. 6. from the King, of the service of William de Greseley, and his heirs, for his Lands at Drakelow; to hold by the payment of a Bow, with a Quiver and twelve Arrows yearly, for all services.

Moreover, in 5 Ioh. he obtained 〈…〉 a Grant of the Inheritance of those Mannors of Wirkesworth and Esseburne, with the Wapentake; for which, he gave 〈…〉 five hundred marks. And the same year procured the Kings special Mandate 〈…〉 to Geffrey Fitz-Piers, then Justice of England, for Livery of those Lands in Stapleford in Com. Leic. which belonged to the Vidame of Chartres, and were of his Fee: Which Vidame died 〈…〉 in a voyage to the Holy Land, and was a Ferrers, though he boreClaus. 6 J • h. 〈◊〉 20.. for his Arms a Bend betwixt six Martlets.

In 6 Ioh. he had a GrantClaus. 6 J • h. 〈◊〉 20.. of all the Lands in Leicestershire belonging to Walter de Tibetot, which were of his Fee; Tibetot then adheringMat 〈◊〉 234. n. 〈◊〉 . to the Kings Enemies.

Which favors did so oblige him, that in 14 Ioh. when the Pope had deposedMat 〈◊〉 234. n. 〈◊〉 . King Iohn, and that Pandulph, the Legate, came over to treat 〈…〉 with him, the French King being then upon the Seas with a powerful Army, threatning an invasion; so that the King became necessitated to yeild to what terms he could get: This Earl manifested his affection to him so far, as to give his solemn Oath 〈…〉 for the Kings performance of those Articles whereunto he had submitted; and was likewise one of the witnesses 〈…〉 to that Charter, whereby King Iohn gave up this Realm to the Pope: Shortly after which (viz. upon the seven and twentieth of Iune, the same year, the King gaveIbid. him an House, scituate in the Parish of S. Margaret, within the City of London, which did belong to Isaac, a Iew of Norwich, to hold 〈…〉 of him and his heirs; by the service, that he the said Earl, and his heirs, should serve the King at Dinner, upon all Festivals yearly, without any Cap; having a Garland thereon, of the bredth of his little finger.

In this fifteenth year he 〈…〉 attended the King into Po • ctou; and in 16 Ioh. was constituted 〈…〉 Governor of Harestan Castle in Com. Derb. In which year, together 〈…〉 with the King, and divers of the Nobility, he took 〈…〉 upon him the Cross, in order to a voyage unto the Holy Land; but divers of the Barons, soon after, putting 〈…〉 themselves in Arms, hindred 〈…〉 that journey. Whereupon, raising 〈…〉 Forces for the King, he took 〈…〉 from those Rebels, the Castles of Peck and Bolesover, by assault; of which, the King then made 〈…〉 him Governor.

And upon the death of King Iohn, stood so firm to the young King Henry the Third, as, that, with the rest of the Loyal Nobility, he, not only metMat. Paris, 289. n. 10. at Glocester, upon the Eve of the Apostles, Simon and Iude, in the presence of Walo, the Popes Legate, in orderMat. Paris, 289. n. 10. to the Coronation of that King; but assistedMat. Paris, 289. n. 10. thereat on Simon and Iudes day: And immediately after Easter ensuing, accompaniedIbid. p. 293. n. 30. the famous William Marshall, (then Governor of the King and Kingdom) the Earls of Chester, Albemarle, and many other great men, in the Siege of Mountsorell Castle in Leicestershire, then held by Henry de Braybroke, and ten other stout Knights. And the same year, wasIbid. p. 295. also with those noble Persons, at raising the Siege of Lincoln, which the Rebellious Barons with Lewes, King of France, (whom they brought into the Realm) had made; and having new PatentsPat. 1 H. 3. m. 6. & m. 15. for the custody of those Castles of Peck and Bolesover, heldPat. 6 H. 3. p. 1. m. 3. the Government of them for full six years.

But in the second year of that Kings Reign, he underwentChron. de Dunstable ut supra, f. 13 b. a journey to the Holy Land, with Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and some others; appointingMemoranda de Term. Trin. 2 Hen. 3. Rot. 1. Derb. his Steward, viz. Ralph Fitz-Nicholas, to transact all business concerning him, which might relate to the Exchequer, until his return: And in 8 Hen. 3. was constituted GovernorPat. 8 H. 3. m. 12. of the Castle and Honor of Lancaster.

In 9 Hen. 3. he executedRot. Pip. de iisdem annis. the Sheriffs Office for the County of Lancaster, for three parts of that year: So likewiseRot. Pip. de iisdem annis. for the whole years of 10 & 11 Hen. 3.

In the last of which years, upon the deathRot. Fin. 11 Hen. 3. m. 3. & Rot. Fin. 12 Hen▪ 3. m. 2. of Robert de Ferrers, his younger Brother, without issue; being his next heir, he had such favor from the King, as that he compoundedRot. Fin. 11 Hen. 3. m. 3. & Rot. Fin. 12 Hen. 3. m. 2. the remainder of those debts, which were due by his Brother, for marrying the Wife he then had, at the rate of ten marks per annum.

But in this eleventh year of Henry the Third, upon that disputeMat. Paris, 337. n. 30 & 40., which hapned betwixt the King, and Richard, Earl of Cornwall (his Brother) by reason whereof, the King gaveMat. Paris, 337. n. 30 & 40. away that Earls Castle of Berkhamstead; he, with some others (more resenting the injury, which he thought was thereby offered to the Earl of Cornwal, than the Obligation of Loyalty to his Soveraign) stuck not to putMat. Paris, 337. n. 30 & 40. himself in Arms on that Earls part. But the King, prudently foreseeing, that unavoidable mischeif might thereby have ensued, the Nobility being then so potent; attributedIbid. the fault to his Cheif Justice, and fairly composedIbid. the difference. Nay this was not all; for they threatnedIbid., that if he would not restore to them that Charter touching the Liberties of the Forest, which he had lately cancelled at Oxford, they would compel him thereto by force: But in all these things, the King gave them satisfactionIbid. at Northampton, in August following.

After which, viz. in 13 Hen. 3. this Earl was imployed 〈…〉 by the King in his service of Wales. And in 16 Hen. 3. was 〈…〉 one of those unto whom the custody of Hubert de Burgh (formerly a potent Man) was committed.

In 17 Hen. 3. having taken to Wife 〈…〉 Agnes, one of the Sisters and Coheirs to Ranulph, Earl of Chester, he accounted 〈…〉 fifty pounds for the Releif of those Lands of her Inheritance; and the next ensuing year, had LiveryRot. Fin. 18 Hen. 3. m. 1. of her Purparty, viz. Of all those which lay betwixt the Rivers of Ribble and Mersey; for which, he and she were bound to payRot. Fin. 18 Hen. 3. m. 1. yearly a Goshawk, or forty shillings into the Kings Exchequer, as had 〈…〉 usually been.

In 19 Hen. 3. he was again made Governor 〈…〉 of Bolesover Castle in Com. Derb. And the same year obtained License 〈…〉 to assart and impark his Woods at Wodham, within the Forest of Essex. Moreover, in 21 Hen. 3. he was 〈…〉 one of the three cheif Counsellors, recommended to the King by the Barons, upon that reconciliation of their discontents, for the violation of Magna Charta; the King then renewing 〈…〉 his promise, for the strict observance thereof; and cho • e his Counsellors making oathMat. Pari • ▪ 436. n. 10., That they would not, for any respect, give him other than wholesome advice; which so well pleased the people, that they then gaveMat. Pari • ▪ 436. n. 10. a thirtieth part of all their movable Goods, excepting of Gold, Silver, Horse, and Arms.

In 26 Hen. 3. he gave one hundred pound FineRot. Fin. 26 Hen. 3. m. 10. Rot. Pip. 26 Hen. 3. Nott. & Derb. to the King for Livery of those three Wapentakes of Lancashire, lying betwixt Rib • le and Merse, viz. West Derby, Leland, and Saltford, which had been seised into the Kings hands for certain misdemeanors of his Bailiffs. And for the health of the Soul of Agnes his Wife, and his Ancestors Souls, gaveMon Angii • . Vol. 2. 8 • 3 b. n. 〈◊〉 & 20. to the Monkes of Tutbury, the Tithes of all his Paunage, Venison, Honey, and Rent, arising out of his Forest of Duffield: As alsoIbid. 874 a. n. 50. the Town of Thornihull, and ninety two Acres of Land, near Adgarleg. But in 31 Hen. 3. (scil. 10 Kal. Oct.) he departedAnnal. de Burton in Bibl. Cotton. this life, having been long afflictedMat. Paris, p. 742. n. 10. with the Gout; his Countess dyingMat. Paris, p. 742. n. 10. also in the same Moneth; having been Man and Wife at least Seventy five years, if my Author mistaketh not; for he affirmethMat. Paris, p. 742. n. 10., That S. Thomas of Canterbury celebrated the marriage betwixt them, who died in 18 Hen. 2. But I have seen an AutographPenès S. Roper▪ Ar., mentioning their marriage to have been in An. 1192. (4 Ric. 1.) which falls short thereof, no less than twenty years.

This Earl William had a younger Brother called Robert, who servedClaus 17 Joh. m. 7. King Iohn with five Knights (himself accounted) in that War with his Barons in 17 Ioh. For which respect he had a GrantClaus 17 Joh. m. 7. of the Lands of Roger de Cressey, lying in the Counties of Buckingham, Norfolk, and Suffolk. And the same year gave a FineRot. Fin. 17 Joh. m • . of five hundred marks, for License to marry Ioane, the Daughter and Heir of William de Bocland; and to enjoy all her Lands, lying in the Counties of Bedford, Hertford, Bucks, Oxon, and Berks. Of which sum, he was acquittedPat. 18 Jo • . m. 7. two hund • ed marks in 18 Ioh.

He wasClaus 7 H 3. in dor • o m. 13. also one of those, who met in that Tourneament held at Blithe, in 7 Hen. 3. for which his Lands were seised. And in 8 Hen. 3. had the Honor and Castle of Lancaster committed Pat. 8 H. 3. m. 9. & m. 1 • . to his charge. But farther I cannot say of him, than that he died without issue; whereupon upon William, Earl of Derby, his Brother, became his Heir, as I have already observed.

I now come to William, Son and Heir to the last mentioned Earl William.

This William William. in 32 Hen. 3. (it being the next year after his Fathers death) doing his homage h, had LiveryRot. Fin. 32 Hen. 3. m. 14. of Chartley Castle; as also of all other the Lands of his Mothers Inheritance: And the same year sateMat. Paris, 743. n. 50. in that Parliament held at London, where the King made so stout an Answer to the Demands of his impetuous Barons.

Moreover, he obtained the Kings PreceptClaus. 32 Hen 3. in dorso m. 13. to the Sheriff of Lincolnshire, to be aiding to him, in distraining his Tenants, by Military Service, and other, for performance of their services, due to him, for the Lands of his Inheritance, in that County. The like MandateClaus. 33 Hen. 3. m. 5. he had, to the Sheriff of Lancashire, for the enjoyment of such Lands, betwixt Ribbel and Mersey, as his Uncle Ranulph, Earl of Chester, formerly possessed.

He also purchasedEx Autogra. penès Tho Comitem Eginiae. from Iohn de Verdon, certain Houses with a Garden and Court lying in that Street called Sholande, within the City o • London; which Houses, &c. Roese de Verdon (Mother of the same Iohn) had of the GrantEx Autogra. penès Tho Comitem Eginiae. of Michael Belet.

Furthermore, he obtained a CharterCart. 36 H. 3. m. 24. for Free-Warren, to himself and his Heirs, in all the Demesn Lands throughout his Lordships of Liverpole, West Derby, Evertone, Crosseby, Waverere, Salford, Bowelton, Penelton, Buttuhton, Sweinshurst, Boureton-Wod, and Chorles, in Com. Lanc. Esseborne, Underwood, Bredlow, Offidecote, Benitlege, Thorpe, Mapeltone, Penewicke, Alsope, Eytone, Huntendone, Wednes • eg, Sniterton, Heke-Narton, Caldelaw, Crumbeford, Midilton, Kertinton, Hopton, Wirkesworth, Bonteshal, Yptone, Mulnfield, Matlock, Willarde •• eg, Hertindone, Eroudecote, Buestanes, Nedham, Wildon, Skernedal, Hordlow, Heyttone, Duffeld, Alrewasleleg, Beaurepeyre, Makeney, Winleg, Holebrok, Suwode, Heyhege, Cortelege, Ravenesdale, Holand, New-Bigging, and Screpton, in Com. Derb. Tutbury, Rolveston, Mercinton, Uttokeshather, Ioxhale, Bartane, Tatenhull, Hambury, Falete, Cotes, Draycote, Hore-Cros, Tunstal, Borschalenge, Condelege, Certelege, Stowe, Wes • on, Huctesdon, Heywood, Ambrictone, and Grenlege, in Com. Staff. And gaveEx Registro de Derley in Bibl. Cotton. to the Canons of Derly, the Church of Bolesover in Com. Derb. Which Grant, Robert and Wil • iam, his two Sons, afterwards confirmedEx Registro de Derley in Bibl. Cotton..

He had a Brother called Thomas, unto whom Agnes, their Mother, gaveClaus. 33 Hen. 3. • in dor • o m 13. the Castle and Mannor of Chartley, which were of her Inheritance. Whereupon the King by his LetterClaus. 33 Hen. 3. • in dor • o m 13., signified unto him, That if he did not deliver them up accordingly, the Sheriff of Staffordshire should compel him thereto.

About this time he entered into ArticlesIbid. of Agreement with the King; that Robert, his Son and Heir, should marry Isabel, the Daughter of Hugh le Brun, Earl of Angole • me; and that she should be endowed of the Mannor of Stanford in Com. Berks. and Perry in Com. N • rthampt. As also, That if this Robert should die before him, that then he should make good unto the same Isabel, Lands of two hundred pound per annum value, in some other part of Northamptonshire▪ in case those should fall short of that worth. Likewise, That if the same Robert should survive him, that then he should endow her with the third part of all his Lands. In consideration whereof, as a portion for her, the King covenanted to give one hundred pound per annum sterling, to be received out of his Exchequer, at Michaelmass and Easter, by even portions, out of that sum of four hundred marks per annum, which he had formerly given to the said Hugh le Brun, to be paid thence.

In 35 Hen. 3. he procured a special Grant Claus. 35 H. 3. m. 14. from the King, of such Officers, for conservation of the Peace, betwixt Ribbel and Me • sey, as Ranulph, Earl of Chester, formerly had: Which Officers were maintainedClaus. 36 H, 3. m. 10. at the charge. of the Inhabitants. And in 36 Hen. 3. obtainedIbid. the custody of his Daughter, Agatha Ferrers; provided, That she should not marry without the Kings License; but the next year following, Eudo la Zouche, gave 〈…〉 37 Hen • . m. 6. a Fine to the King of one hundred and fifty marks, for leave to marry her, in case her Father would assent thereto. At that time also, in considerationIbid. 〈…〉 of fourscore marks Fine, due to the King, by William de Vaux, for marrying Eleanor, another Daughter of this Earl, without License; the King acceptedIbid. 〈…〉 of twenty six marks per annum, from Iohn de Vaux, his Brother and Heir.

This Earl William, being sore afflicted with the GoutMat. Paris, 884. n. 1 • ., even from his youth (as his Father had been) and by reason thereof, drawnMat. Paris, 884. n. 1 • ., from place to place in a Chariot; he was, through the heedlesness of the driver, overthrownMat. Paris, 884. n. 1 • . from a Bridge at S. Neots in Com. Huntingd. having his Limbs so brokenMat. Paris, 884. n. 1 • . with the fall, that he died Mat. Paris, 884. n. 1 • . upon the ninth Kalends of April, An. 1254. (38 Hen. 3.) and had Sepulture 〈…〉 in the Abby of Mereva • e. It is saidMat. Paris, ut s • pra., that he was a discreet man, and well versed in the Laws of the Land.

By Sibil his first Wife, one of the Daughters and CoheirsEx C • ll. R. Cl. s. to William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, he left issue seven Daughters, viz. 〈◊〉 de Tem. Pasch. 〈…〉 2. Rot. 9. 〈◊〉 ▪ Agnes married to William de Vesci, Isabel to Gilbert Basset of Wiecombe in Com. Buck, and afterwards to Reginald de Mohun; Maud, first to William de Kime, secondly to William de Vivon, and lastly, to Emerick de Rupe-canardi; Sibil to Francis de Bohun of Midherst; Ioane, first to ... Aguillon, and afterwards to Iohn de Mohun of Dunster; Agatha to Hugh de Mortimer of Chelmersh; and Eleanor, first to William de Vallibus, secondly to Roger de Quinci, Earl of Winchester, and lastly, to Roger de Leyburne. And by Margaret 〈…〉 his second Wife, one of the Daughters and Coheirs 〈…〉 to Roger de Quinci, Earl of Winchester, had issue two Sons, viz. Robert, who succeeded him in this Earldom of Derby; and William Ibid., who seated himself at Groby in Com. Leic.

Which Robert Robert. was in minority 〈…〉 at his Fathers death; whereupon, the Queen and Peter de Savoy, gave 〈…〉 six thousand marks for the custody of his Lands, until he should come of full age: And had the hard hap to be the last Earl of this great family; for no sooner did he arrive to Mans estate; but, meeting with a 〈◊〉 Nobibility, which, under many specious pretences, infused into him, all principles of disloyalty: In 〈…〉 47 Hen. 3. when the flames of Civil War began to break out, none was more ready to increase them than he; yet was not 〈…〉 then so firm to the Barons, as that they could repose much confidence in him: But certain it is, That a world of mischeif he did; for having gotIbid. a multitude of Soldiers at his heels, he entredIbid. Worcester, destroyedIbid. that place there, called the Iewry, plundredIbid. the Religious Houses, as well as other; and made much spoilIbid. in the Kings Parks thereabout.

To retaliate which outrage, the King sentM Westm. in An. 1264. (48 H. 3.) Edward his eldest Son, into the Counties of Stafford and Derby, with a great power; where he wastedM Westm. in An. 1264. (48 H. 3.) his Lands with Fire and Sword, and demolishedM Westm. in An. 1264. (48 H. 3.) his Castle of Tutbury.

Yet this did not at all reclaim him; for he then struck in with Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and Clare, Earl of Glocester, and all those other Rebellious Barons, soon after in Arms against the King, who, joyning their strength together, boldly encountred the Royal Army at Lewes in Sussex. Where, having the better of the day, the King and Prince were both made prisoners, as is evident from our Historians. But after this, Clare harboringIbid. in An. 1265. great discontent towards Montfort, for taking the whole sway of the Realm to himself, and this our Earl Robert cheifly favoringIbid. in An. 1265. Clare, Montford seisedIbid. in An. 1265. on him. Nevertheless, when Clare, in order to the Kings rescue, stoutly adventured himself against Montfort and his adherents, in the Battle4 August, • 9 H. 3. of Evesham, this Earl did not at all appear with him; but with might and main acted elswhere otherwise, what he could: So that, after that happy overthrow of Montfort, and his partakers at Evesham, and that Decree called Dictum de Kenilworth, whereby he, with Monfort, and some few besides, were exceptedMat. Paris, 1002. n. 20. Mat. West. in An. 1 • 66. from Composition, when others had the favor to redeem their Lands for a certain pecuniary mulct (which Decree being ratifiedH. Knighton 〈◊〉 . n. 10. by Ottobon the Popes Legate, was publishedMat. West. ut supra. at Westminster, on the Feast day of S. Edwards Translation, scil. 13 Oct.) being in person calledPat. 49 H. 3. n. 96. into the Court before the King, and charged with divers high crimes; not daring to adventure that Judgment, which he easily foresaw would be pronounced against him, he wholly submittedPat. 49 H. 3. n. 96. himself to the Kings mercy.

Whereupon, in considerationRot. Fin. 50 Hen. 3. • 9. Pat. 50 H. 3. m. 32 & 40. of a Cup of Gold, adorned with precious stones (obtainedRot. Fin. 50 Hen. 3. m 9. Pat. 50 H. 3. m. 32 & 40. from Michael de Tony; for which, he mortgagedRot. Fin. 50 Hen. 3. m 9. Pat. 50 H. 3. m. 32 & 40. his Mannor of Piry in Northampt • nshire) and forIbid. fifteen hundred marks, to be paid at four several payments within a twelve moneths space, the King pardonedIbid. all his former misdemeanors; and undertook to secure him against Prince Edward, and all others towards whom he had done wrong, at any time, during the troubles, until the fifth of December, 50 Hen. 3. as by a special PatentIbid., bearing that date appeareth; upon this conditionIbid., That if he should at any time transgress again, then without hope of favor, to be wholly disherited. For the strict performance of which Agreement, he obliged himself, not only by a special Charter 〈…〉 , then freely scaled to the King, but by his 〈…〉 Corporal Oath at that time given.

But of this Pardon he had no benefit: Partly by reason that the before specified sum was notPlac. coram Rege 1 • H. 4. 〈◊〉 Staff. & T H • ll. Rot. 21 Derb. accordingly paid; and partly, in regard of his second defection: For the next Spring afterwards, he againMat Paris, p. 1001. n. 50. MS. in Bibl. Bodl. Med 20. f. 1 • 2 b. made head in the Northernparts of Derbishire, contraryEx Praef. Vet. memb. to that his Oath, with a powerful Army, Whereupon Henry, eldest Son to the King of Almaine, advancedEx Praef. Vet. memb. against him with a great strength, and at Chesterfield In May, the fourth day preceding the Feast of S. Dunstan. , after a sharp conflict, wherein many were slain, routedH. Knighton 2437. n. 50. & Orig. 50. H. 5. m. all his Forces. Of those which escaped, he himself being one, was hidEx Coll. R. GI. S. in a Church, under certain Sacks of Wool; but by the treacheryMS. in Bibl. odl ut supra. of a Woman, • re long discovered, and brought prisonerEx. Praef. Vet. memb▪ to London.

Whereupon, in the Parliament held the same year at Westminster, he was totally disheritedEx. Praef. Vet. memb▪ , and Edmund the Kings Son invested with his Earldom of Derby, as my AuthorityEx. Praef. Vet memb • saith; and as those who have writtenBrooke & Vincent. of our English Earls, do affirm: But, that he really was Earl of Derby, though he had possession of the greatest part of this Roberts Lands, and exercised (perhaps) the power of Earl in that County, I am not satisfied; in regard I cannot find that the same Edmund had any patent of Creation to that Honor, as he really had to those of 〈◊〉 and Lancaster; nor any other person, untilCart. 11 • 3. n. 50. Henry of Monmouth, who was Grandson to this Edmund (which Henry was afterwards advancedPat. 25 Ed. 3▪ p. • . m. 18. to the Title of Duke of Lancaster.)

But this Edmund, though he really had nothing of the Title of Earl of Derby; yet, upon the twenty eighth of Iune, next ensuing, obtained a GrantPat. 50 H. 3. m. 12. from his Father King Henry the Third, of all the Goods and Chattels, whereof this Earl Robert was possessed upon the day of the skirmish at Cheste • field; and upon the fifth of August following, of allIbid. m 9▪ the Castles and Lands of him the said Robert; to hold during pleasure.

It seems, that this Earl Robert continued in prison for the space of three years or thereabouts; for of his enlargment, I find no mention, untilIbid. m 16. the beginning of March, 53 Hen. 3. But then there was such mediation made for him, That the King accepted of securityIbid. m 16., whereby he might receive satisfaction for those misdemeanors, which had been by him committed in the turbulent times before mentioned; and thereupon directed his Precept to the said Edmund, to make restitution to him of his Lands.

Hereupon (out of all doubt) it was that the AgreementH. Knight • on 2438. n. 1 • . betwixt them, became so soon after made, viz. That this Edmund to quit all his interest in those Lands, should receive fifty thousand pounds, at one entire payment, upon a certainViz. before the Quind. • of S. I • hn Baptist, in 5 • Hen. 3. day: For payment whereof, Earl Robert procured these to be his SuretiesEx ipso Autogr in Bibl. Cotton., viz. Henry, Son to Richard, King of Romans; William Valence, Earl of Pembroke; Iohn, Earl of Warren and Surrey; William de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick; Roger de Somers • Thomas de Clare, Robert Walraund, Roger de Clifford, Hamon le Strange, Bartholomew de Sudley, and Robert de Briwer, (all great Barons) to be bound: Unto whom he grantedEx Autog • in Bibl. Deuves. (by way of Counter-security) all his Castles and Lands, excepting 〈◊〉 in Staffordshire, and 〈◊〉 in Derbishire. Which sum, being not paid accordingly, those his Sureties pastEx Autog • in Bibl. Deuves. over their title therein, unto the said Edmund and his Heirs for ever.

Notwithstanding all which, this Robert being unsatisfied, by his BillPlac. coram Rege à die Pasch. xv dies 53 H. 3. in the Kings Bench, exhibited the Quind. Pasch. 53 H. 3. complained, That by reason of those his transgressions in the time of the late troubles; and then laid to his charge, the King had given to the before specified Edmund, all the Lands and Tenements of him the said Robert, lying in the Counties of Stafford, Derby, Leicester, and Lancaster, excepting the Castle and Mannor of Chartley in Com. Staff. and the Town of Holbroke in Com. Derb. And that though he had always been ready to stand to that Decree, called Dictum de Kenilworth, and to redeem his Lands according to the tenor thereof; nevertheless, that the said Edmund did still unjustly detain them.

And in 2 Edw. 1. renewing his PleaPla • . coram Rege 2 Ed. 1. incip. 3. scil. Octab. Mich. Rot. 6. in the same Court, did alleage, That though he had been ever ready to stand to the Decree called Dictum de Kenilworth, and to redeem his Castles and Lands accordingly; nevertheless, that the King had bestowed them all, excepting the Castle and Mannor of Chartley in Com. Staff. and Town of Holbroke in Com. Derb. upon the before specified Edmund: And, that he the said Edmund did thereupon detain them from him.

Whereupon Edmund being called to shew what reason he had so to do, this Robert instancing, that he had offered him seven years value for them; answered, that he did not hold himself obliged to restore them, in regard, that the Decree called Dictum de Kenilworth was not made, when he the said Robert came to him, and convenanted to pay him fifty thousand pounds for the redemption of them, and for his enlargement from prison; as also, that the said sum of fifty thousand pounds, was by agreement to have been paid upon the Quind. of S. Iohn Baptist, in 53 Hen. 3. And moreover, that he the said Robert then brought Henry, Son to the King of Romans, William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, and others, who undertook for the payment thereof accordingly. And likewise, that for their indempnity, he did at that time mortgage all his Lands and Tenements, with condition, That if the Money were not paid accordingly, then his Sureties should pass those Lands to him and his heirs, until that whole sum should be paid at one entire payment. And he farther said, That the Money being not accordingly paid, nor any other satisfaction given, those his Sureties did accordingly pass those Lands unto him, and that he had possession of them accordingly, exhibiting the Deed made by the said Robert unto them, which fully impowred them to do what they had so done.

But thereunto Robert replied, That this Deed was by him so made and sealed at Cyppeham, upon the Feast day of the Apostles Philip and Iacob. 53 Hen. 3. at such time as he was a prisoner there; and that, being before in the Kings Prison at Windsore, he was carried thence to Cyppeham, where he so sealed the same as a prisoner, and for fear of corporal mischeif. And, moreover, that when he had so done, he was taken thence by Armed Men, and conveyed with a strong guard to the Castle of Wallingford, where he remained for three weeks after, in restraint, until Prince Edward (afterwards King) did procure his liberty.

Whereunto Edmund rejoyned, That this Allegation of his being a prisoner, was not of any validity, in regard, That after he had sealed that Deed, he came before Mr. Iohn de Chishull, then King Henries Chancellor; and acknowledging what he had done, caused it to be enrolled in the Rolls of the Chancery: So that it being thereby done, as in the presence of the King, his Chancellor representing the King; or in the Court before his Officers, who make Record thereof; it could not be said to be done as a prisoner, every Man being there free to express his mind fully.

But to this Robert again replied, That though he did not deny the s • aling of that Deed, in the presence of Iohn de Chishull, it ought not to prejudice him any more than his doing thereof in prison; for he said, That the very day he so s • aled it at Cyp • eham, Iohn de Chishull came thither to him with that writing, he then being in a certain Chamber there, in strict custody; and demanding of him, Whether it was his Act and Deed, or not? he then, for fear, acknowledged it so to be. And that farther asking him, Whether he was willing it should be enrolled in the Rolls of the Chancery? He did, by reason of the like fear, assent thereto. And moreover added, That as to his being then a prisoner, he referred himself to the tryal of the Countrey, or to the testimony of the same Mr. Iohn de Ch • shull (then Chancellor,) affirming, That he did thenceforth continue a prisoner until the King caused his enlargment as abovesaid, offering to stand or fall by the Kings Testimony therein. And he farther alleaged, That his acknowledgment of that Deed ought not to have the force of a Record, and consequently to oblige him, in regard it was not made in open Court, but in the presence of the Chancellor only, who was then at a great distance from the Court, and had neither Roll nor Clerk there to record the same; for that he came to him in his Chamber, where he was a prisoner, and not as the Kings Chancellor, but as a private person.

Whereunto Edmund again answered, That there was no necessity of any tryal thereof by the Countrey, nor the testimony of the Chancellor, or the Kings judgment the • ein; for as much as he acknowledged, that he did it in the presence of the then Chancellor, and that it was thereupon enrolled, &c. as abovesaid.

But notwithstanding all these Arguments, the Court dismissedIbid. his Suit, so that he could have no remedy for the regaining of those his Lands. Whereupon he lost Tu • bury Castle, and other vast Possessions, which Edmund, then Earl of Leicester and Lancaster, and his Descendants, thereupon enjoyed.

But this was not all, for he lost 〈…〉 his Earldom likewise.

All that I have farther seen of this Robert, is, That by his LettersEx 〈◊〉 p • nès Jo • . Ferre • s A • , Patents bearing date at Yoxhall, on Tuesday next after the Feast day of S. Fabian and Sebastian, in 46 Hen. 3. he gave liberty unto Sir Walter de Raleg and his Heirs, inhabiting at Uttoxater in Com. Staff. to hunt and course the Fox and Hare within the Precincts of his Forest of Needwood, in that County, with eight Braches, and four Greyhounds. To which Branch his Seal of Arms is affixed; wherein it appears, that upon his Sheild, and the Caparisons of his Horse (waving the Border of Horsshooes given by his Father) he bore only Varr • Or and Gules; which Armes were afterwards continued by his posterity.

Likewise, that he gaveMon. Angl. 〈◊〉 2. 317. a. • . • 0. to the Canons of St. Thomas juxta Stafford, for the health of the Souls of Mary and Alianore, his Wives; and to the end his body might be there enterred, when he should happen to dye, two messuages in Chart • ey, in Comit. Staff. with 17 Acres of Land; and the Advowson of the Church of Stow juxta Chartley.

This Mary was DaughterClaus. 33 Hen. 3. m. 6. in dorso. Pat. 34 H 3. m. 9. Annal. de • urton, ut supra. to Hugh le Brun Earl of Angole • ne (Niece to King Henry the third) but marriedAnnal. de • urton, ut supra. very young, he being but nine, and she no more than eight, years of age: Howbeit by her he had no issue. The other; viz. Alianore was Daughter, as some sayCa • al. of Nob. by R. B., to Ralph Lord Basset; by whom he had Issue Iohn his Son and Heir.

Which Alianore surviving him, commenced her SuitPlac. de T. M • ch. 7 • . 1. Rot. 49. against Edmund (Earl of Lancaster) the Kings Brother, in 7 Edw. 1. for her Dowry of her Husbands Lands; viz. Tutbury, Scroptone, Ro •• estone, Meercintone, Callingwood, Uttockeshather, Adgarsley, and Newborough, in Com. Staff. Duffield, Machiney, Certeley, Winburne, Southwood, He • leg, Beaurepaire, Holand, Edreskay, New-Bigginge, Alrewas • ege, Spondone, and Chatesdene, in Com. Derb. And Leverpole, West-Derby, Crosby, Waverton, Magna Hale, Burgeon, Salford, and Hardaisell, in Com Lanc. Whereunto Edmund answered; that he claimed nothing in Spondone, and Chatesdene: and for all the rest, he said, that Robert de Ferrers her late Husband did, in Chancery, acknowledge all those Lordships to be the right of his Sureties, who undertook for the payment of fifty thousand pounds for his Redemption, by reason of his Transgressions committed in the time of King Henry, Father of the then King: And that, because he failed in payment of that Money, those his Sureties, past the Lordships above mentioned to him the said Edmund.

She therefore, discerning that nothing could be got in strictness; Released unto him the said Edmund all her Right of Dower in those Lands: And soon after, viz. in 9 E. 1. obtainedPat. 9 E. 3. m. 1 • per Inspex. from him the Lordship of Gumecestre (commonly called Godmanchester, in Com. Hunt. ) to hold during her life

I come now to Iohn, Iohn. Son to this last mentioned Robert.

This Iohn was in 〈…〉 minority in 9 Ed. 1. And in 22 E. 1. upon the death of Margaret his Grandmother (Daughter and Coheir to Roger de Quinci E. of Winchester, as hath been observed) doing his Homage had LiveryClaus. 22 E 1. m. 13. of the Lands of her Inheritance; which, as Nephew and Heir to her, descended to him. But he was somewhat of his Fathers Spirit, as it seems: for in 25 Ed. 1. when the Earl of Hereford the Earl 〈…〉 Marshal, and others, being discontented 〈…〉 at the Government prohibited 〈…〉 the Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer, to gather that Subsidy granted to the King, in the Parliament then held at St. Edmundsbury (being the eighth part of their movable goods) having allured 〈…〉 the Londoners to stand with them for the recovery of their Liberties (as they termed it) he joined 〈…〉 with them, in that disloyal Act: but, by the special care of Prince Edward, then Lieutenant here in his Fathers stead (who was at that time victorious in Scotland) the heat of these turbulent Spirits was allayed, by the Kings condescensionIbid. to confirme Magna Ch • rta, and the Charter of the Forests: as alsoIbid., that no Tax should thenceforth be imposed upon the Subject, but by consent in Parliament, and that the Offences of those Earles and their adherents, shouldIbid. be pardoned; in which Pardon this Iohn de Ferrers is particularlyIbid. named; the King also remittingIbid. p. 40. n. 30. & H. Kinghton. 2523. n. 40. all that displeasure which he bore towards him, for not attending him in his expedition into Flanders, when Commanded.

Soon after which, this Iohn; addressing himself, by an humble PetitionEx C • ll. R. Gl. S. to Pope Nicholas the third, represented to his Holiness, that Robert de Ferrers his Father, late Earl of Derby, in that Warr betwixt King Henry the third and his Barons, adhering to them, was taken Prisoner by the Kings Forces, and used so severely, that he could obtain no liberty, unless he would pass all his Lands, then extending to the value of three thousand pounds per annum to Edmund the Kings Son, and his Heirs; to hold and enjoy untill he the said Robert or his Heirs should pay unto the same Edmund fifty thousand pounds upon one day. And that the said Robert, more affecting his Liberty than his Lands, had granted them on those conditions; so that they had been enjoyed by the said Edmund and Thomas his Sons (Earls of Lancaster) for more than thirty years; wherefore he humbly besought His Holiness; that, for as much as he could not possibly raise so great a summe of Money, unless he might reposses those Lands: and that, whereas divers Prelates, and other Spiritual Persons, being really sensible of this his hard condition, were willing to furnish him with so much money, for the present payment of that summe in case they might be permitted so to do; that, considering the penalty of a certain Constitution, then lately set forth by his Holiness to the contrary; he would vouchsafe, by his Apostolick Authority, to dispense therewith: But though this address took no effect, he had good esteem from the King: for the next year following he attendedRot. Scoe. 26 Edw. 1. m. 2. him into Scotland, and soon after that, was summonedClaus. 27 E. 1. in in dorso, to Parliament amongst the Barons of this Realm.

After which, scil. in 30 Edw. 1. having marriedRot. Fin. 30 • . 1. m. 8. Hawyse the Niece and Heir of Cecelie de Muscegros; doing his Homage, he had LiveryRot. Fin. 30 • . 1. m. 8. of the Lands of her Inheritance. And in 34 E. 1. was againRot. Scoc. 34 E. 1. m. 2. in the Wars of Scotland. So likewise inRot. Scoc. 4 E 2. m. 11. 4 Edw. 2.

Moreover in 5 Edw. 2. being constitutedRot. Vascon▪ 5. Edw. 2. m. 6. Seneschal of the Dutchy of Aqu • tane, had an assignation of four hundred pounds in good small Turons, whereof four make one pound Sterling, for his Support in that service: but dyed • sc. 18 E. 2. n. 52. in 18 Edw. 2. leaving Robert de Ferrers his Son and Heir, then • sc. 18 E. 2. n. 52. fifteen years of age.

Which Robert wasRot. Scoc▪ 9 • . 3. m. 27. in that Expedition made into Scotland in 9 Edw. 3. So likewise inRot. Scoc. 10 E. 3. m. 9. 10 Ed. 3. andRot. Scoc. 12 E. 3 m. 23. 12 Ed. 3. As also in thatRot. Alm. 12 E 3 m. 3. for Flanders the same year. Likewise inRot. Alman▪ 13 E. 3 m. 3. 13 andRot Almanl 14 • . 3. m. 21. 14 Edw. 3. he was again in Flanders.

And in 15 Edw. 3. servedPa • . 15 〈◊〉 . 3. p. • . m. 2 • . the King in his Wars of Britanny, with fifty Men at Armes.

In 16 Edw. 3. he was again imployedRo • . Franc. 16 E. 3 m. 2 • . in the Warrs of France; having forty two sacks of Wool assignedClaus. 16 H. 3. p 1. m 6. unto him out of the Kings Demesne Lands in Worcestershire for the support of himself and his men at Armes, in that Service.

And in 19 Edw. 3. accompaniedFroisard, 53. a. b. the Earl of Derby to the relief of Auberoche, then besieged by the French.

In 23 Edw. 3. he attendedRot. Franc. 20 E. 3. p. 2. m. 23. the King in that notable Expedition made into France, when the English obtained that signal Victory at Cressy: But departedEsc. 27 E. 3. n. 49. this Life in 24 Ed. 3. leaving Iohn his SonEsc. 27 E. 3. n. 49. and Heir twenty one years of age, and Robert a younger Son, of whom I shall say more anon.

Which Iohn Iohn. in 33 Ed. 3. wasRot. Vaseon. 33 E. 3. p. 2. m. 5. in that Expedition then made into Gascoigne: And having marriedClaus. 41 Edw. 3. m. 14. Elizabeth, the Widow of Fouke the Son of Iohn le Strange, departedClaus. 41 Edw. 3. m. 14. this life beyond the Seas, upon the secondClaus. 41 Edw. 3. m. 14. day of April 41 Edw. 3. leaving Robert his Son and Heir, at that time seven years of age.

Which Robert Robert. in 2 R. 2. wasRot Franc. 2 R. m. 17. in another Expedition then made into France, but diedLib. Cedul. p. 142. in 1 H. 5. leaving Issue by Margaret his Wife, DaughterLel. Itin. Vol. 6. f. 87. to Edward Lord Spencer, Edmund his Son and Heir; who, beingRot. Fin. 1 Hen. 5. m. 21. then of full age, had LiveryRot. Fin. 1 Hen. 5. m. 21. of his Lands. Which Margaret surviving him, had an assignationClaus. 1 H. 5. m. 30. of her Dower the same year; and departingLel. Itin. Vol. 6. f. 88. this life in 3 Hen. 5. was BuriedLel. Itin. Vol. 6. f. 88. in the Abby of Merevale.

This last mentioned Edmund, Edmund. in 3 Hen. 5. attendedRot. Franc. 3 H 5. m. 12. the King into France. And the next year following, being retainedEx Autogr. penès Cleric. Pell. by indenture to serve him with twenty Men at Armes (himself and one Knight being part of the number) as also sixty Archers, wasLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 703. with the Dukes of Exeter, Clarence, and divers other Persons of honor, at the siege of Roane in Normandy.

In 5 Hen. 5. he againRot. Franc. 5 H. 5. m. 22. attended that Victorious King into France. But after that, I have seen no more of him, till his death which happenedEsc. 14 H. 6 n. 33. • ib. Cedul. 48 • . Somers. in 14 Hen. 6. upon Saturday next after the Feast of St. Thomas the Apostle; he being then seizedEsc. 14 H. 6. n. 33. • ib. Cedul. 48 • . Somers. of the Mannors of Buckbroke in Com. Northamp. Norton-Bonewood, in Com. Somers. Teynton, in Com. Glouc. as also the Mannor of Bykenoure-English, with the Office of Woodward in the Forest of Dene, thereto belonging, in the same County; of the Mannors of Chinnore, in Com. Oxon. Hamsted-Ferrers, in Comit. Berks. Chartley and Hardwyke, in Com. Staff. Braydfall, called Nether-Hall, in Com. Derb. Charleton-Musgross, and Hundred of Bowode, with the Office of Woodward in the Forrest of Selewode in Com. Somers. Ketton, in Com. Hunt. two parts of the Village of Southogh, called Ferrers, with the Mannor of Parton, and two parts of the Mannor of Eynesbury in the same County. And, in right of Elene his Wife, DaughterClaus. 14 H. 6. m. 8. and Coheir of Thomas de la Roche, then surviving, of the Mannor of Castle-Bromwich, the moity of the Mannor of Nether-Whitacr • , and of the Mannor of Bermicham, all in Com. Warw. leaving William William. his SonEsc. ut supra. and Heir, at that time twenty three years of age. Which William performing his Homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 14 H. 6. m. 14. of his Lands the same year.

This last mentioned William diedEsc. 28 H. 6. • . 22. 9 Iunii, 28 Hen. 6. being then seizedEsc. 28 H. 6. • . 22. of the Mannors of Buckbroke in Com. Northamp. Chartley, and Herdwyke, with the moity of the Mannor of Barr, in Comit. Staff. Paxton-Parva, Mawgrith, Ketton, Sout • ow, (alias Ferrers-Mannor) and Eynesbury, in Com. Hunt. the moity of the Mannor of Dourton in Comitat. Buck. of the mannor of Chynnore, in Com. Oxon. Kyngeston-Bakepuz, and Hamsted-Ferrers, in Com. Berks. Norton-Bonewood, Norton-Hundred, and Charleton-Musgros, in Com. Somers. leaving issue one sole Daughter and Heir called Anne, at that time eleven years of age and eight Months; then marriedClaus. • 9 • 6. m. 23. to Walter Devereux. Esquire.

Whereupon Edmund his brother had liveryPat. 29 H • . p. 1. m. 11. of those Lands, which were entailed upon him as Heir Male.

Which Walter, in 31 H. 6. Anne his Wife being thenPat. 31 H. 6. p 1 m. 4. Claus. 31 Hen. 6. m. 5. above fourteen years of age, had LiveryPat. 31 H. 6. p 1 m. 4. Claus. 31 Hen. 6. m. 5. of all the Lands of her inheritance, without any proof of her age, by the Kings special appointment. And in 2 Edw. 4. was summonedClaus. • . E •• . 4. in dorso. to Parliament, amongst the Barons, as Lord Ferrers of Chartley; from whom the late Earles of Essex, and the present Viscount Hereford are lineally descended, as I shall shew in due place.

Ferrers of Okam in Rutland.

¶THe first of this name, that featedRot Pip. 13 H. 2. 〈◊〉 . himself here, was Walcheline de Ferrers, Walcheline a younger SonMon. Angl. Vol. 1. p 40. • . n. 40. to William de Ferrers Earl of Derby, by Margaret his Wife Daughter and Heir to William Peverel of Notingham: Which Walcheline heldLib. Rub. in Scacc. 〈…〉 Okam, by the service of one Knights Fee and an half in 12 Henr. 2. And in 22 Hen. 2. paidRot. Pip. 22 Hen. • . Glouc. an hundred marks for trespassing in the Kings Forests in those parts.

In 33 Hen. 2. this Walcheline answeredRot. Pip. 33 H. 2 〈◊〉 . thirty shillings for one Knights Fee and an half, upon collection of the Scutage of Galweye. And in 1 Ric. 1. was acquittedCart. 〈◊〉 . N. n. 37. for the assarting of eighty Acres of Land within the Forest of Roteland; Viz. in the Fields of Okham fifty five Acres; in the fields of Braunceston twenty Acres, and in the fields of Broc five Acres; so that he should not thenceforth pay any thing to the King, or his Heirs for the same. But, that which is most memorable of him is; that he wasMat. Paris, in ann. 〈◊〉 . p. 158. l. 4. at that famous siege of Acon in the Holy-Land, with King Richard, in 3 Ric. 1.

To whom succeeded Hugh de Ferrers his SonRot. 〈◊〉 . 6 Joh. m. 15. and Heir. Which Hugh Hugh. in 9 R. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 9 R. 1. 〈◊〉 . a Fine of three hundred marks to the King, to marry the Daughter and Heir of Hugh de Say (of Richards-Castle.

This Hugh with the consentMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 118. b. n. 40. of Walcheline his nephew and William his Brother, gave Mon. Ang. Vol. 2. 118. b. n. 40. Broch in Roteland to the Canons of Renilworth in Com. Warr. which thenceforth became a CellMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 118. b. n. 40. to that Monastery: but dyingRot. Pip, 6 Joh. Glo • c. Clau • . 6 Joh. m. 2. without issue, Isabel Rot Pip, 6 Joh. Glo • c. Claus. 6 Joh. m. 2. his only Sister, WifeRot Pip, 6 Joh. Glo • c. Clau • . 6 Joh. m. 2. of Roger Lord. Mortimer, • ecame hisRot. Pip, 6 Joh. Glo • c. Clau • . 6 Joh. m. 2. Heir. Which Isabel in 6 Ioh. gaveIbid. a Fine to the King of three hundred marks and one Horse for the great Saddle, for liveryIbid. of the Mannors of Lechelade, and Lagebiri, of the inheritance of Hugh de Ferrers her Brother.

Another Branch of this Family there was, seated at Egginton in Com. Derb. viz. Walcheline 〈…〉 , a younger Son to William, E. Fer • ers, and Margaret his Wife, Daughter and Heir to William Peverel. Which Walcheline had issue 〈…〉 Robert, and he two Daughters and Heirs; whereof Ermentrude became the Wife 〈…〉 of Robert Talbot of Gainsborough in Com. Linc. The youngest of whose Sons, called Robert, was Grandfather by Robert his Son, to Thomas Talbot of Bashal in Com. Ebor.

I now come to William de Ferrers William. of Groby in Leicestershire, Brother to Robert de Ferrers, the last Earl of Derby of this Family.

This William had, by the GrantEsc. 9 Ed. 1. n. 36. Essex. of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, his Father, (made at Nottingham, upon the Eve of S. Lucy the Virgin, in 36 Hen. 3.) the Mannors of Wodham, Stubings, and Fairstead; as also one Messuage in Chiche in Com. Essex; to hold to him and his heirs, by the service of Five Knights Fees; he being then under age, and in possession of them by his Guardian, before he was made Knight. All which he afterwards gaveIbid. to Margaret his Mother, to hold during her life.

Adhering to the Rebellious Barons, he was then takenMat. Paris, in An. 1264. at Northampton, upon the Assault thereof by the Royal Army, in 48 Hen. 3. But in 50 Hen. 3. returning to obedience, he had pardonPat. 50 H. 3. m. • 1. , and was accepted to favor.

By the giftEsc. 23 H. 6. of Margaret his Mother, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, he had the Mannor of Groby in Com. Leic. which came to her upon the Partition of that Inheritance: Whereupon he paid a FineRot. Fin. 3 Ed. 1. m. 10. of forty marks to the King, that he might hold it in Capite, by the services antiently due, and did his homage for the same; bearing for his ArmsEx Sigillo in •• bl. Cotton. the Coat of the said Roger de Quincy, scil. Gules, seven mascles voided Or: Which his Descendants continued till the Male Line of the elder House (viz. The Lord Ferrers of Chart • ey) became extinct.

In 14 Edw. 1. this William wasRot. de Scutag. Wall 14 Ed. 1. m. 2. in that expedition then made into Wales. And, having marriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Ioane, the Daughter of Hugh le Despenser, had issueEx Coll. R. Gl. S. By her, William, his Son and Heir; and Anne, a Daughter, marriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. to Iohn, Lord Grey of Wilton; and departedEsc. 16 E. 1. n. 2 • . this life in 16 Edw. 1. being then seisedEsc. 16 E. 1. n. 2 • . of the Mannor of Newbottle in Com. Northampt. As also of the Mannors of Wodham, Stubing, and Fairstead in Essex, Groby and Roteby in Com. Leic. and Bolton in Com. Lanc. leaving William, his Son and Heir, seventeen years of age; and Eleanor his second Wife surviving.

Which Eleanor, in 16 Edw. 1. had an assignation,Claus. 16 Ed. 1. m. 11. from the King, of the Mannors of Stubings and Wodham-Ferrers in Com. Essex, (part of her Husbands Lands) until she should have her Dowry set forth. Which being soon after assignedRot Fin. 17 Ed. 1. m. 15. unto her (taking her OathRot Fin. 17 Ed. 1. m. 15. according to custome, that she would not marry again without License) she went intoIbid. Scotland, there also to obtain her Dowry of such Lands, as by the death of her said Husband, belonged to her. But, beingIbid. at Travernent (the Mannor House of Helen la Zusche, in that Realm) expecting the like assignation; William de Douglas, in an hostile manner tookIbid. her thence against her will, and carried her to another place. For which respect, complaint Ibid. being made to King Edward, he sent his PreceptIbid. to the Sheriff of Northumberland, to s • ise upon all the Goods and Chattels of the said William de Douglas, which then were in his Bailiwick. But shortly after, scil. in 19 Edw. 1. in considerationRot. Fin. 19 Ed. 1. m. 16. of one hundred pound Fine, the King grantedRot. Fin. 19 Ed. 1. m. 16. unto this William de Douglas the benefit of her marriage.

To this last mentioned William, William. succeeded William, his Son and Heir, who, in 21 Edw. 1. doingClaus. 22 Edw 1. m. 9. his homage, had LiveryClaus. 22 Edw 1. m. 9. of his Lands: And in 24 Edw. 1. doing the like homage, hadRot Scoc. 12 Edw. 1. 〈◊〉 dorso m. 6. Livery of all the Lands, which he held of the King, within the Realm of Scotland. In 25 Edw. 1. this William was first summonedClaus 25 Ed. 1 in dorso. to Parliament amongst the Peers; and was the same year in that expeditionRot Vascon. 25 Ed. 1. m. 5., then made into Gascoigne; likewise in 29 Edw. 1. in thatRot. Scoc. 29 Edw. 1. m 7. into Scotland, being then of the RetinueRot. Scoc. 29 Edw. 1. m 7. of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster. So also inRot. Scoc. 31 Edw. 1. m 5. 31 Edw. 1. andRot. Protect. 34 Ed. 1. m 11. 34 Edw. 1. And in 2 Edw. 2. was againRot Scoc. 2 Ed. 2. m. 14. in the Wars of Scotland; as also inRot. Scoc. 4 Ed. 2. m. 8. 4 & Rot. Scoc. 10 • d. • . m. 7. 10 Edw. 2. but diedEsc. 18. Ed. • . n • 3 in 18 Edw. 2. leaving Henry, his Son and Heir, twenty two years of age; who doing his homage, had, the same year, LiveryRot. Fin. 18 Ed. 2 m. 4▪ of his Lands.

In 1 Edw. 3. this Henry, Henry. beingRot Scoc. 1 Ed 3 m. 6. in that expedition then made into Scotland, was one of the Lords, who made supplicationLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 795. to the King, that he might be restored to his Lands in that Realm, whereof he had been disherited; whereupon King Edward representedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 795. the same to the Earl of Murref, then Guardian of Scotland, in the nonage of King David. And in 5 Edw. 3. doing his homageRot. Fin. 5 Ed. 3 m •• for the Lands of Isabel his Wife (the fourth Sister, and one of the Coheirs to Theobald de Verdon) lying in Ireland, had LiveryRot. Fin. 5 Ed. 3 m •• of them.

In 11 Edw. 3. he obtained a GrantCart▪ 11 Ed. 3. n. 59. of the Advowson of the Church of Rothele in Com. Leic. to be held of the King, and his Heirs. And, in considerationPat. 11 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 15. of his good and acceptable services performed to that King; as also his chargeable expences, and frequent endeavors for the defence of his Rights (as the wordsPat. 11 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 15. of the Patent do import) with the consent of the Prelates, Earls, and Barons, then assembled, in Parliament, at Westminster, by Letters Patents bearing date 18 May, 11 Edw. 3. had a GrantPat. 11 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 15. of the Mannors of Riseberg-Comitis in Buckinghamshire, Walton in Com. Derb. and Newport in Com. Essex, to himself, and the Heirsmale of his Body. Moreover, in 12 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Alem. 12 Ed. 3. p. 〈◊〉 m 3. in that expedition, then made into • landers; and the same year procured the Kings CharterCart. 〈◊〉 Ed. 3. m. 36. for a weekly Market, every Friday, at his Mannor of Gro • y in Com. Leic. As also a Fair upon the Eve and Day of S. George the Martyr, and two days following. Likewise a Market weekly every Munday at his Mannor of Stebbing in Com. Essex; and a Fair yearly upon the Eve and Day of the Apostles Peter and Paul, and two days ensuing. Also a Market every Thursday at his Mannor of Wodham-Ferrers in Com. Essex, with a Fair yearly on the Eve and Day of S. Michael, and two days following. And the same year hadClaus 12 Ed. 3 p. 1. m. 14. an allowance assigned to him, for all his costs and expences, which he (together with William Montacute, Earl of Salisbury) had been at, in the custody of the Islands of Gernsey, Iersey, Serke, and Aureney. And, continuingClaus. 12 Ed 3. in • orso p 〈…〉 still in the Wars beyond Sea, in the Kings service, had some respiteIbid. of his debts due to the Exchequer.

InRot. Alem. 13 Edw. 3. m. 3. 13 & Rot. Alem. 14 Ed. 3. m. 18. 14 Edw. 3. he was again in Flanders; and, towards his chargesClaus. 14 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 18. in that expedition, had LicenseClaus. 14 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 18. to transport thither twenty Sacks of Wool, out of his Lands in Leicestershire, and fourteen out of his Lands in Staffordshire.

In 15 Edw. 3. he was againRot. Alem 15 Ed. 3. m. 6. in Flanders. And in 16 Edw. 3. servedRot. Franc. 16 Ed. 3. m. 11. the King in his Wars of France, with thirty Men at Arms, and thirty Archers, but diedEsc. 17 Ed. 3. n. 57. in 17 Edw. 3. being then seisedEsc. 17 Ed. 3. n. 57. of the Mannor of Newport in Com. Essex, of the Kings gift; alsoEsc. 17 Ed. 3. n. 57. of the Mannors of Stebbing and Wodham, in the same County: Of the Mannor of Riseburgh in Com. Buck. of the Mannor of Groby in Com. Leic. and Claverley in Com. Salop: LikewiseIbid. Claus. 17 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 8., of the Inheritance of Isabel his Wife, then living, of the moity of the Town of • udlow in Com. Salop, and Mannor of Stoke upon Tearne, in that County; Cotenhal in Com. Staff. with the Hamlet of Wotton (parcel of the Mannor of Alveton) in the same County; as alsoIbid. Claus. 17 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 8. of certain Tenements called Merkshale, lying in Great Dunmow in Com. Essex; leaving Willaim, his Son and Heir, then thirteen years of age. Which Isabel, in 18 Edw. 3. upon partitionClaus. 18 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 27. of the Lands of Theobald de Verdon, her Father, hadClaus. 18 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 27. for her Purparty (being the fourth Daughter and Coheir to him the said Theobald) the Mannor of Fleckenho in Com. War. with the Mannor of Lutterworth in Com. Leic. excepting Cotesbach and Billesby, members thereof; and diedEsc. 23 Ed. 3. n. 123. Oxon. upon the Feast-day of S. Iames the Apostle, 23 Edw. 3.

But I return to William her Son.

In 28 Edw. 3. this William William. making proof of his age, and doing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 28 Ed. 3. m 26. of his Lands; and in 29 Edw. 3. beingRot. Vascon. 29 Ed. 3. m. 10. in that expedition then made into France, wasRot. Vascon. 29 Ed. 3. m. 10. of the Retinue of Robert de Vfford, Earl of Suffolk, whose Daughter Margaret he had marriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S..

In 33Rot. Vascon. 33 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 16. & 34Rot. Franc. 34 Ed 3. m. 11. Edw. 3. he was again in the Wars of France; in which thirty fourth year, his Lands in Ireland being seisedClaus. 3 • • dw. 3. m. 17. for the defence of that Realm, the King directed his PreceptClaus. 3 • • dw. 3. m. 17. to the Justice, Chancellor, and Treasurer there, to discharge them, in regardClaus. 3 • • dw. 3. m. 17. he then was in his Wars of France, with divers Men at Arms and Archers, to his great expence. And, by his Testament 〈◊〉 124 b. bearing date 1 Iunii, An. 1368. (42 Edw. 3.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the (Conventual) Church of our Lady at Ulvesscrott in Com. Leic. giving one hundred p • unds to be distributed to poor people, and for his Funeral expences; whereat he appointed there should be five Tapers, four Morters, and twenty four Torches. To the Abbess and Nuns, called Minoresses without Algate, in the Suburbs of London, ten marks; to Elizabeth his Daughter, a Nun there, twenty pound; to Henry his Son, his Green Bed, with his Arms thereon; to Margaret his Daughter, his White Bed, and all the Furniture, with the Arms of Ferrers and Vfford empaled; to Philippa de Beauchamp his Sister, a Cup of Silver, standing on three Lions, with a cover; also two Pattels, and a Salt-seller of Silver: And to Elizabeth de Assells his Sister, his best Spice-plate; as also a Tablet of Silver gilt and enamelled, with three leaves set with figures; one of the Ascension of our Lady, in a Tabernacle, &c. Which Testament was proved 14 Kal. August. An. 1372.

This William heldClaus. 〈◊〉 . 3. m. 24. the Mannors of Paddock-Thorpe and Hesil in Com. Ebor. in Right of Margaret his second Wife, and departedEsc. 45 • d. 3. • . 2 • . 〈◊〉 this life upon Wednesday next after the Feast of the Epiphany, 4 Edw. 3. being then seisedEsc. 45 • d. 3. • . 2 • . 〈◊〉 of the Mannors of Wodham-Ferrers and Stebbing, also of Merkes (lying within the Precincts of great Dunmow) in Com. Essex; likewiseIbid. of the third part of the Mannor of Crondon in Com. Buck; of the Mannors of Stallingburgh in Com. Linc. Hesil and Paddocks-Thorp in Com. Ebor. Stoke upon Tearne, Claverley, with the Bailiwick of the Hundred of Bradford in Com. Salop. Tetenhal and Wotton subtus Were in Com. Staff. Newbottle in Com. Northampt. Groby and Lutterworth in Com. Leic. Bolton on the Mores, and Chorley, with the fourth part of the Wapentake of Lelandshire in Com. Lanc. leaving Henry, his Son and Heir, at that time fifteen years of age. Margaret his second Wife, DaughterIbid. of Henry de Percy, and formerly WifeIbid. to Gilbert de Vmfranvil, Earl of Anegos, surviving; who, for her Dowry had an AssignationIbid. of the Mannors of Hethe in Com. Oxon. Groby in Com. Leic. Stebbing in Com. Essex. Newbottle in Com. Northampt. and Chorley in Com. Lanc.

Of which Margaret I find nothing farther memorable, than that by her TestamentS • dbury, fol. 81 • ., bearing date 26 Apr. An. 1374. (48 Edw. 3.) she gave to Sir Ingram de Vnfranvil Knight, a Cup of Gold with a Cover, having the Arms of Ferrers and Percy thereon: And that she heldEsc. 51 Ed. 3. • . 2. in Dower the Mannors of Ging-Iayberd-Laundry, Stebbing, Merks in Dunmow, Wodham-Ferrers, and Fairstead in Com. Essex, and Flekenho in Com. War. As also, that she departedEsc. 51 Ed. 3. • . 2. this life at Ginge in Com. Essex, on Saturday next after the Feast of the Nativity of our Blessed Lady, 49 Edw. 3. Henry, the Son of William de Ferrers her late Husband, beingEsc. 51 Ed. 3. • . 2. her next heir, and then twenty one years of age.

Which Henry, Henry. making proof of his age the same year, and doing his homage had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands. And in 1 Rich. 2. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into France. So likewise 〈…〉 in 2 Rich. 2. And again in 〈…〉 3 Rich. 2. being then 〈…〉 in the Retinue of Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham: As also in 〈…〉 4 Rich. 2. but was in great peril 〈…〉 at Sea by Tempests in that year; yet at length arrived 〈…〉 at Calais, with the Earl of Buckingham, whereupon they rode 〈…〉 with their Banners displayed.

In 5 Rich. 2. upon 〈…〉 the death of William de Vfford, Earl of Suffolk, (his Mothers Brother) without issue, he was found 〈…〉 to be one of his next heirs; and in 6 Rich. 2. being 〈…〉 again in the Wars of France, was 〈…〉 of the Retinue unto Henry, Bishop of Norwich.

In 7 Rich. 2. this Henry was 〈…〉 again in France; and when the French King, with his whole Army besieged 〈…〉 Burbroke, he kept 〈…〉 one Ward with forty Men at Arms, and as many Archers. In 8 Rich. 2. he was retained 〈…〉 to serve the King in his Wars of Scotland for forty days, being 〈…〉 then a Banneret; and departed 〈…〉 this life, 3 Febr. 11 Rich. 2. being then seised 〈…〉 of the third part of the Mannor of Crundon in Com. Buck. Of the Mannors of

Stoke super Tearne, Claverley, and the Bailiwick of the Hundred of Bradford in C •• . Salop. Of the Mannor of Tetenhall, and Hamlet of Wo • ton subtus Wever in Com. Staff. Of the Mannors of Stebbing, Wodham Ferrers, Fairstead, Merks, and • ing-Iayberd-Laundry, in Com. Essex. of the Mannors of Moker Hanger in Com. Bedf. Newbottle in Com. Northampt. Groby, Lutterworth, Brantingby, Brantingthorpe, and Hoghton in Com. Leic. leaving Henry, his Son and Heir, fifteen years of age; and Ioane his Wife, DaughterEx Coll. R. Gl. • . of Thomas Poynings, surviving, who held • sc. 17 R 2. • . 24. in Dower the third part of the Mannor of Hethe in Com. Oxon. The third part of the Mannors of Flekenho in Com. War. The third part of the Mannors of Groby and Lutterworth in Com. Leic. The third part of the Mannors of Wotton and Totenha • in Com. Staff. The third part of the Mannors of Stoke super Tearne, Claverley, and Hundred of Bradford, in Com. Salop. The third part of the Mannor of Newbottle in Com. Northampt. and Crundon in Com. Buck. And diedIbid. 30 Maii, 17 Rich. 2. William, William. her Son and Heir (viz. Son to the said Henry) beingIbid. at that time twenty two years of age. Which William doing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 17 R. a. n. 8. of his Lands the same year; and in 18 Rich. 2. attendedPat. 18 R. 2. p. 1. m. 21. the King in his expedition then made into Ireland.

In 4 Hen. 5. this William being retainedRot. Fran. 4 Hen. 5. m 20. Ex Autogr. penès Cleric. Pell. by Indenture, servedRot. Fran. 4 Hen. 5. m 20. Ex Autogr. penès Cleric. Pell. the King in his Wars of France; and by his TestamentStafford & Kempe, E. 127 a. bea • ing date 17 May, An. 1445. (23 Hen. 6.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Priory of •• vescroft; appointing, that Thomas his Son, should have all his goods at Groby, to dispose of to his other Sons, and for the health of his Soul. Which Testament was provedStafford & Kempe, E. 127 a. the second of Iune next ensuing; and departedEsc. 23 H. 6. n. 33. this life May 18. the same year, leaving Elizbath, the Wife of Sir Edward Gray Knight, his Cosin, and next Heir, viz. Daughter of Henry, Son to the said William, then twenty six years of age. Thomas Ferrers Esquire, his second Son, the same year doing his homageRot. Fin. 23 Hen. 6. m. 12., and having LiveryRot. Fin. 23 Hen. 6. m. 12. of all those Lands, which were entailed on the Heir-Male.

Which Thomas, taking to WifeClaus. • Hen. 5. in dorso m. 11. Elizabeth, the eldest of the three Sisters and Coheirs to Sir Baldwin Frevil of Tamworth Castle in Com. War. Knight, hadClaus. • Hen. 5. in dorso m. 11. in her Right, the Castle of Tamworth, and other Lands: From whom the Family of Ferrers, now of Tamworth Castle, is lineally descended.

The first that bore this title, was Sir Robert Ferrers Knight, a younger Son to Robert, Lord Ferrers of Char • ley. This Robert, in 47 Edw. 3. wasRot. Alem. 47 Ed. 3. m. 11. in that expedition then made into Flanders; inRot. Alem. 47 Ed. 3. m. 11. the Retinue of Iohn, Duke of Lancaster; and in 49 Edw. 3. doing • ot. Fin. 49 Ed. 3. • m. 19. his homage, had Livery • ot. Fin. 49 Ed. 3. • m. 19. of all those Lands, which by the death of Ioane his Mother, whose Heir he was, descended to him at that time.

Moreover, having taken to Wife 〈…〉 Elizabeth, the sole Daughter and Heir to William Boteler of Wemme in Com. Salop, he had Summons 〈…〉 to Parliament in 49 Edw. 3. (and afterwards) by the title 〈…〉 of Robert Ferrers de Wemme Chivalier. Which Lordship of Wemme, together with that of Over • ley in Com. War. with other of her Inheritance, were 〈…〉 , after that marriage, viz. in 44 Edw. 3. entailed upon the Heirs of the Body of them the said Robert and Elizabeth, with Remainder to her right Heirs.

But in 4 Rich. 2. this Robert diedEsc. 4 R. 2. n. 25., leaving issue by the said Elizabeth, Robert Esc. 4 R. 2. n. 25., his Son and Heir, four years of age. Which Robert marriedPat 22 R. 2. p. 3. m. 23. per Inspex. Ioane, Daughter to Iohn of Ga • nt, Duke of Lancaster; and by her, having issue twoEsc. 12 H. 4. n. 〈◊〉 Staff. Daughters and Heirs, viz. Esc. 12 H. 4. n. 〈◊〉 Staff. Elizabeth, the Wife of Iohn, the Son of Ralph, Lord Greystoke, and Mary of Ralph Nevil, Earl of Westmorland; diedEsc. 12 H. 4. n. 〈◊〉 Staff. in his Mothers life time. So that she the said Elizabeth, his Mother, surviving the before specified Robert, her first Husband, became afterwards the WifeClifford, f. 84. a. of Sir Thomas Molington Knight; and by her TestamentRou • 179 • , bearing date the sixth of Ianuary, An. 1410. (12 Hen. 4.) wherein she stiles her self Elizabeth Ferrers, Baroness of Wemme (retaining the name of that Husband, who was of greatest Dignity; a custom, which Women have long used, and not yet left off) bequeathed her Body to Sepulture in the Church of the Crouched Friers, near the Tower of Lond • n; and gave to the building of a Cloyster there, six pound sterling: Appointing, that all her Silver Vessels, except what she had particularly disposed of, should be employed where it might best be for the health of her Soul, and the Soul of Robert Ferrers her first Husband, and of Sir Thomas Molington her second Husband. After which, scil. on Friday next ensuing the Feast of the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist, 12 Hen. 4. she departedEsc. • 2 H 4. n. 2 •• Staff. this life; leaving the before specified Elizabeth and Mary (viz. DaughtersEsc. • 2 H 4. n. 2 •• Staff. of Robert her Son) her Cosins and nextEsc. • 2 H 4. n. 2 •• Staff. Heirs; Elizabeth being eighteen, and Mary seventeen years of age.

Percy:

THis antient and right Noble Family, do deriveEx Coll. R. Gl. S. their descent from Mainfred de Perci. Which Mainfred Mainfred. cameIbid. out of Denmark into Normandy, before the adventure of the famous Rollo thither; and had issueIbid. Geffrey, Geffrey. who accompaniedIbid. Rollo into those parts. From which Geffrey sprungIbid. successively these four Generations, viz. William, William. Geffrey, Geffrey. William, William. and Geffrey, Geffrey. all born in Normandy; and from the last Geffrey, two sons; William and Serlo, who came into England with William the Conqueror. Which William de Percy, being much belovedEx Vet. Cod. MS. penès Wil. Pierp • nt. Ar. by that King, and oneMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 384 b. l 1. of his Ba • ons, enjoyed, through his bounty, vast Possessions in this Realm: For it appears by the General Survey Domesd lib. in iisdem Comitat., that he then had Ambledune in Hantshire, as also thirty two Lordships in Lincolnshire, and in Yorkshire eighty six, whereof Topclive in the North Riding was one, and Spofford in the West Riding another, which became their cheif Seats, in those parts, for divers ages afterwards.

Moreover, this William de Percy, sirnamedMon Anglic. Vol. • . 72 a n. 30. & ibid. b. n. 40. Gernon, or Algernon, obtainedMon Anglic. Vol. • . 72 a n. 30. & ibid. b. n. 40. from Hugh, Earl of Chester, (the first of that name) the Lordship of Whitby, with that large Territory adjacent, belonging thereto, and lying in the East Riding of that County, where he FoundedMon. Anglic. Vol. • . 72 a n. 30. & ibid. b. n. 40. an Abby for Benedictine Monks, to the honor of God, S. Peter, and S. Hilda, in the time of King William Rufus, in theIbid 71 b. n 50 & 60. place where the Monastery of Strenshaie antiently stood (which had been destroyed by Inguar and Hubba the Danes) which Abby he endowed Ibid. 71 2. n. 30. with ample Possessions lying in that part of the Countrey.

But, after he had thus Founded that Abby of Whitby, and, amongst other Lands, had givenIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. thereto the Towns of Seaxby and Everley, he reassumed them again, and bestowedIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. them on Ralph de Everley his Esquire, (who wasIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. his Servant many years.) Whereupon Serlo his Brother, then, then Abbot, made his complaintIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. of that injury of King William Rufus (with whom he had beenIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. very familiar in the days of King William his Father) who thereupon caused restitutionIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. to be made. But Serlo, notwithstanding, being littleIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. pleased with his Brothers humor, had no mind to continue at Whitby; and therefore, affectingIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. to reside within the Kings immediate Fee, out of his Brothers power, beggedIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. of the King six Carucates of Land, viz. Two in Hakenas, and four in Northfield, and translatedIbid. 414. n. 40 & 50. part of the Covent at Whithy thither.

This William de Percy took to WifeIbid. 73 a. n. 10. Emma de Port, by whom he had issueIbid. 73 a. n. 10. three Sons, viz. Alan, Walter, and William; and taking a journeyIbid 74 a. n. 30. to Ierusalem, departedIbid 74 a. n. 30. this life at Mont • oy, in the Holy Land; whereupon his Corps being brought into England, had SepultureMS. penès Wil. Pierport. in the Chapter-house at Whitby.

Which Emma, surviving him, gaveMon. Anglic. ut supra 73 a n. 10. to those Monks, an house situate in the Street called Usegate at York; as also two Carucates of Land, one in Mys • eham, and the other in Sme • leswell, likewise two more in Hylaham; and was buriedMon. Anglic. ut supra 73 a n. 10. in the Chapter-house at Whitby, near to the Grave of her Husband.

I now come to Alan de Percy, Alan. eldest Son and Successor to the last mentioned William. This Alan was one of the WitnessesMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 143 b. n. 60. to the Charter of King Henry the First, whereby he confirmed the Foundation of Bardney Abby in Com. Linc. by Walter de Gant. Moreover, having ratifiedIbid. 72 b. n. 10. all those Donations made by William his Father to the Monks of Whitby, he addedIbid 74 b. n. 10. thereto, of his own gift two Carucates of Land in Hylaham; as also two in Hedon and Oxneham. And leaving issueMS. penès Wil. Pier • ont. by Emma de Gant his Wife, five Sons, viz. William, Geffrey, Henry, Walter, and Alan, was buriedMS. penès Wil. Pier • ont. in the Abby of Whitby, near to his Father.

This Alan hadRic. Hagustald. 342. n. 40. likewise one illegitimate Son called Alan, who wasRic. Hagustald. 342. n. 40. with the King of Scots in 3 Steph. in that memorable Battle near North Alverton in Yor • shire, called Bellum de Standardo. But I return to William.

This William William. gaveMon. Anglic. ut supra 74 b. n. 10. the Church of Semar to the Monks of Whitby, and twoMS. penès W. Pierp • nt. Oxgangs of Land in Up▪ Lythum; and, by Alice his Wife, le • t issueIbid. three Sons, Alan, Richard, and Robert. Which Alan departing this life withoutIbid. issue, was buriedIbid. on the South side of the Chapter-house at Whitby. To whom succeeded Richard Richard. his Brother.

Which Richard had issueIbid. William de Percy, who FoundedIbid. the Abby of Hanpoll, for Cistercian Monks, in An. 1133. (34 Hen. 1.) as also that of Sallay Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 841 b. n. 60. & 842 • . & Ibid. 40. & 8 • 4 • . n. 20. in Craven, in An. 1147. (12 Steph.) by the consentIbid. of Adelidis his Wife, and Alan his Son and Heir.

This William William. was one of those Northern Barons, who foughtJoh. Hagistald. 262. n. 20. so successfully against the Scots in 3 Steph. in that memorable Battle near North Alverton in Yorkshire, called Bellum de Standardo (whereof I have spoke at large in my discourse touching William, Earl of Albemarle.) And in 12 Hen. 2. upon levying the Aid for marrying that Kings Daughter, certifiedLib. 〈…〉 Scacc, sub 〈◊〉 . Ebot. his Knights Fees; at which time it appeareth, that he had twenty eight De Veteri Feoffamento; and eight, a third, and sixth part De Novo Feoffamento.

He likewise gaveMS. penès Wil Pi • rp • nt. to the Monks of Whitby, three Ox-gangs of Land, and five Tofts in Dunceley, with two Ox-gangs in Lofthouse; as alsoMS. penès Wil Pi • rp • nt. to the Monks of Fountains, Malmore, and Malwatir. Moreover, he gaveMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. 150 b. l. 1. the Church of Crathorne, to the Abby of Gisb • urne, and one Ox-gange of Land and five Tofts in Ormesby; as also to the Monks of Bridlington one Carucate of Land in Newton: and by Adelidis de Tunebrigge his WifeMon Anglic. Vol. 1. 843. n. 50., had issueMS penès Wil. Pierpo • t. four Sons, Walter, Alan, Richard, and William; and two Daughters, viz. Maud married to William, Earl of Warwick; and Agnes to Iosceline de Lovaine (SonMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 847 a. n. 30. to Godfrey, Duke of Brabant) and Brother 〈…〉 to Adelidis, Queen of England, Wife of King Henry the First.

All which Sons, departing this life issueless (of which, William was a Monk, and AbbotMon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 2 n. 30. of Whitby,) the Inheritance came to be dividedMS. penès Wil. Pierpont. betwixt those two Sisters, Maud and Agnes.

Which Maud survivingMon. Angl. Vol. 1. 843 a. n. 40. her Husband; and taking into her pious consideraionIb 84 • • . n. 60. the mean estate of the Monks at Sallay, by reasonIb 84 • • . n. 60. that the Air in Craven, where her Father had Founded that Abby, was so moist and cloudy, that their Corn seldom arrived to perfect maturity; did, for the health of the Souls of William de Percy her Father, Adelidis de Tunebrigge her Mother; and the Soul of William, Earl of Warwick, her late Husband; as also for the Soul of Alan her Brother, and Agnes her Sister, giveIbid. 8432. n. 20 & 30. unto them the Church of our Lady at Tadcaster, with the Chappel of Haselwood, and an yearly pension from the Church of Ne • thon; as also one Carucate of Land, lying in Catthon, where she was born.

¶The Male Line of this Noble Family being thus extinct, I now come to Agnes, so married to Iosceline de Lovaine, Iosceline de Lovaine. as hath been observed.

This Agnes, discerning her self to be so great an heir, accepted of Iosceline for her Husband; upon condition 〈…〉 , That he and his posterity would either assume the Sirname of Percy, or bear the Arms of Percy, relinquishing his own. Whereupon, he assentedIbid. to the former, retainingIbid. still his Paternal Ensign: After which, she departing this life, was buried in the Chapter-house at Whitby, with thisIbid. Epitaph.

Agnes, Agnetis Festo tumulatur; & istis Idem sexus idem, nomen & vita dies.

This Iosceline obtained 〈…〉 from William, Earl of Arundel, and Queen Adeliza his Wife (his Sister) Widow of King Henry the First, a Grant of the Honor of Petworth in Sussex. Which Henry, Duke of Normandy (afterwards King, by the name of Henry the Second) confirmedIbid.. He wasRot. Pip. 54 H. 2. Suff. likewise Castellan of Arundel; by which appellation, he confirmedEx Registro de Lewes, f. 46 • b. to the Monks of Lewes in Sussex, for the health of his Soul; as also of the Soul of Queen Adeliza, his Sister, and all his Ancestors, the Church of Budinkaton, which they had of the gift of William Fitz-Ralph. And had issueMS. pen • s Wil Pierpont. by the same Agnes four Sons, viz. Richard, Robert, Iosceline, and Henry; and two Daughters, Eleanor, and Alice: To which Eleanor he gaveMS. penès Ca • . Fairfax, 〈◊〉 b. the Lordship of Hamaldon, with the Mill at Winton, to make up fifteen pound per annum Lands, with those in Hesset; and to his Daughter Alice, the residueIbid. of his Lands in Hesset, of ten pound per annum value.

I now come to Richard, the eldest Son of Iosceline de Lovaine, and Agnes.

This Richard, Richard. afterMS. penès W. Pierp. the death of Maud, Countess of Warwick, his Mothers Sister, without issue; entred,MS. penès W. Pierp. into the other Purparty of that Inheritance, by the advice of the King, and his Mothers permission; and in 6 Ioh. had LiveryClaus. 6 Joh. • . 14. of all those Lands in Com. Ebor. whereof his Mother died seised; as also of those, which Maud, Countess of Warwick (his Aunt) held of the Earl of Chesters Fee. Moreover, in 13 Ioh. upon Collection of the sixth Scutage of that Kings time, he was specially acquittedRot. Pip. 13 Joh. • bor. of fifteen Knights Fees, being the moity of the Honor, whereof William de Percy, his Ancestor, had been formerly possessed.

In 17 Ioh. he wasMat. Paris, p. • 54. l. • . one of the cheif of those Barons then in Arms against the King; as also one of the twenty five who made OathIbid. 262. n. 10. to compel the King to observe the particular Articles, granted by the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forests, in case he should recede therefrom. And, being so prime an actor in that turbulent Insurrection of the great Men of that time, wasIbid. 277. • . 20. amongst others, then excommunicated by the Pope. And, the next year following, whenIbid. 285. n. 50 • & 256 a. those haughty spirited Barons, had called in Lewes, Son to the King of France, with purpose to raise him to the Royal Throne, assistedIbid. 285. n. 50 • & 256 a. Robert de Ros, and Peter de Brus (two eminent Barons of the North) in the subjugating of all Yorkshire to the obedience of Lewes.

But in 1 Hen. 3. having LettersPat. 1 H. 3. • . 1. m. 2. of safe conduct, he came in to William Mareschal, Earl of Pembroke, (then Governor of the King and Kingdom) to make his Peace; and in 2 Hen. 3. wasClaus. H. 3. in dorso m. 4. in Arms for that King: But farther I cannot say of him, than that he grantedMon. Anglic. p. 1. 418 a. n. 〈◊〉 . the Patronage of the Nunnery at Handale in Com. Ebor. to Richard Malebise and his heirs.

Of his younger Brothers, I find that Robert gaveMS penès W. Pi •• p. to the Monks of Whitby, the Advowson of the Church of Sutton upon Darwent; but diedMS penès W. Pi •• p. without issue, as it seems, and so didMS penès W. Pi •• p. Iosceline; for Henry the youngest Son succeeded in the Inheritance.

This Henry Henry. confirmedIbid. to the Monks of Whitby, that Grant of forty shillings per annum, which his Mother had made to them, out of the Lordship of Wilton; and Quit-claimedIbid. to the Monks of Fountains, all Litton, and Littondale, excepting the Venison there: For the custody whereof, the Monks wereIbid. to present unto him two Foresters, and to pay them at their own proper costs: In consideration whereof, they releasedIbid. to him and his heirs, all those Meadows and Pastures, with the command of the Deer, which they had Bukeden; as also in other places, within the Bounds and Precincts of Langstrother, payingIbid., moreover, unto him six hundred marks besides. And took to WifeIbid. Isabel, the Daughter of Adam, but SisterEx Collect. Rog. Dodsworth Gen. of Peter de Brus of Skelton, with whom he hadEx Collect. Rog. Dodsworth Gen. in marriage by the gift of the same Peter, the Mannor of Lekinfield (near Beverley in Yorkshire) forEx Collect. Rog. Dodsworth Gen. which gift, he and his heirs were to repair to Skelton Castle every Christmas-day; and lead the Lady of that Castle, from her Chamber to the Chappel, at Mass; and thence to her Chamber again, and after dinner with her to depart.

By which Isabel he left issueMon. Anglic. ut supra. two Sons, William and Henry, which Henry, in 15 Hen. 3. givingIbid. his Brother the Mannor of Hesset in Sussex, in Fee tail; had thereupon a ReleaseIbid. from him of all his Title in the Mannors of of Settil and Litton in Com. Ebor.

To this last mentioned William de Percy, William after the death of Agnes his Grand-mother, and Henry his Father, a great part of the Inheritance descendingIbid.: Upon collecting of the Scutage of Montgomery, in 8 Hen. 3. he was by a special Writ acquittedRot. Pip. 8 H. 3. Ebor. for fifteen Knights Fees (viz. for his Lands in Yorkshire) for he hadTesta de Nevill Suff. no less than twenty one Knights Fees more, which appertained to the Honor of Petworth in Sussex. The same year also he obtained a GrantClaus. 8 H. 3. m. 20. for a Market, upon the Friday every week at his Mannor of Spoforth in Com. Ebor. And in 17 Hen. 3. gaveRot Fin. 17 Hen. 3 • . m. 5. Claus. 17 Hen. 3. m 8. five hundred marks to the King for the Wardship of the five Daughters of William de Brywer.

Moreover, in 26 Hen. 3. he paidRot. 〈◊〉 . 26 Hen. 3. Ebor. one hundred marks fine, to be exempted from attendance on the King into Gascoigne; being then SummonedRot. Vascon 26 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 3. to prepare himself with Horse and Arms, for that voyage. And in 28 Hen. 3. doing his homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 28 H. 3. m. 2. of all the Lands of Richard de Percy, whose Cosin and Heir he was, excepting the Mannor of Topclive, which was the DowryPat. 28 H. 3. m. 9. of Agnes, Wife of the said Richard, she being then alive; whose marriage was at that time grantedPat. 28 H. 3. m. 9. by the King to Bernard de Baillol, in case she should be willing to take him for her Husband. So that by the accountRot. • Pip. 30 Hen. 3. of Robert de Crepping (shortly after given up into the Exchequer) it appears, That he had thirty Knights Fees, de Veteri Feoffamento, in Yorkshire, and two Knights Fees in Lincolnshire.

This William de Percy gaveMS. pen •• W. 〈◊〉 . his Mannor of Gisbu • ne, with the Forest, (excepting his Freeholders, and their Services there, and excepting liberty of hunting therein, for himself and his heirs) unto the Monks of Salley, paying twenty marks yearly. In consideration u whereof, they were to increase their Covent to the number of six Monks more, to pray for the Soul of himself, and Elen his wife. He likewise acquiredMS. penès. Wil Pierpo •• ▪ the Patronage of the Priory of Silebrede, in Sussex, from Ralph de Ardern, in 24 Hen. 3. Moreover, he gaveIbid. & Mon. Anglic. Vol. 2▪ 441 b. n. 60 & 442 • to the Master and Brethren of the Hospital, at Sandon in Surrey, for the maintenance of six Priests there, all his Lands in Foston, which he obtained of the Grant of William de Briwer; as also twenty marks Rent, which the Abbot of Selby was obliged to pay annually at Sandon, for the Mannor and Forest of Gisburne, on the Octaves of S • Iohn Baptist.

And having weddedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Ioane, the fifth Daughter and Coheir to the before specified William de Briwer (who afterwards became the WifeMon. Ang • i • . Vol. 1. 602 a. n. 50. of Ralph Fitz-Ranulph, Lord of Middleham) departedClaus • 9 H. 3. m 3. this life, in 29 Hen. 3. and was buried MS. pen • s Wil. Pierpo • t. at Salley, leaving issueMS. pen • s Wil. Pierpo • t. Henry, his Son and Heir; as also Engeram, William, Alan, Iosceline, Geffrey, and Walter (younger Sons;) to which Iosceline, he gaveMS. pen • s Wil. Pierpo • t. his Mannor of Levington for their maintenance, appointingIbid. the Abbot of Salley, to have the custody thereof, to their use.

To this last mentioned William, succeeded Henry, Henry. his Son and Heir, who enjoyed the substance of his Estate; the younger Sons having for their support, as followeth, viz. Engelram Ibid. certain Lands in Aton, by the Grant of Ralph de Hanley, and the Lordship of Dalton, by the giftIbid. of Elen his Mother: William had Ibid. Linton and Witwel, as also certain Lands in • ick-Levington; and wasIbid. likewise, Lord of Dun • eley, Yston, Newham, and Loftohous: Alan enjoyedIbid. certain Lands in Levington, of his Fathers gift, but diedIbid. issueless: Geffrey possessedIbid. Semar (near Scarborough) and diedIbid. without issue: And Walter, after the death of his Brother E • gelram, had Ibid. the moity of Dalton in Hertness, by vertue of an Entail: He wasIbid. also Lord of • eldam, and was buriedIbid. in the Cloyster at Gisburne.

But I return to Henry.

In 33 Hen. 3. this Henry gave a FineRot. Pip. • 3 H. 3. Ebor. of nine hundred pounds for Livery of his Lands, and that he might marry whom he pleased; which sum, he had liberty to payRot. Fin. 33 H. 3. m. 10. by two hundred pound per annum. And in 41 Hen. 3. had Summons Claus▪ 41 H. 3. in dorso m 6. to attend the King at Bristol, on the Octaves of S. Iohn Baptist, well furnished with Horse and Arms for his expedition into Wales.

In 42 Hen. 3. whenClaus. 42 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 12. the Scots had rebelliously seised upon their King, then in minority (who had marriedClaus. 42 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 12. the Daughter of King Henry) he was one of the Northern Barons, then summoned Claus. 42 Hen. 3. in dorso m. 12. to prepare himself with Horse and Arms, and all his power, for the rescuing him from that restraint.

Howbeit, in 47 Hen. 3. takingClaus. 47 Hen. 3. m. 4. Mat. Paris, p. 993. n. 50 H Knigh • on 2447. l. 15. part with the Rebellious Barons, then in Arms, his Lands were seisedClaus. 47 Hen. 3. m. 4. Mat. Paris, p. 993. n. 50 H Knigh • on 2447. l. 15.; but afterwards coming in, and submitting himself to the Law, he had restitutionClaus. 47 Hen. 3. m. 4. Mat. Paris, p. 993. n. 50 H Knigh • on 2447. l. 15. of them again. And the same year marchedIbid. with the King from Oxford to Northampton, assisting him in the storming of that Town, then heldIbid. 2448. out by those Barons, which he thereupon took by force. And the next ensuing year, fighting Mat. Paris, p. 996. stoutly on the Kings part, in the Battle of Lewes, shared with him in the hard fortune of that day, being there likewise taken prisonerMat. Paris, p. 996., as many other were. But farther I cannot say of him, than that he marriedEx Regist. de Lewes. Eleanor, the Daughter of Iohn, Earl Warren and Surrey, and had MS. penès. W. P • erp. issue by her three Sons, viz. William, Iohn, and Henry; and, that he was buriedMS. penès. W. P • erp. at Salley, near his Father. Whereupon she, the said Eleanor, had Assignation of her DowerClaus. 56 H. 3. m. • . in 56 Hen. 3. out of all his Lands, except the Mannors of Petworth and Topclive, whereof she had been formerly Enfeoffed.

Which William and Iohn died 〈…〉 without issue, so that the Inheritance divolved to Henry, the youngest, as Heir 〈…〉 to his Brother Iohn, whose Wardship was granted 〈…〉 to Edmund the Kings Brother.

This Henry, being 〈…〉 under age in 15 Edw. 1. at such time as the King made his expedition into Wales, was acquitted 〈…〉 of one hundred and twenty pound, required from him for the Scutage then levied upon that occasion: And in 22 Edw. 1. being 〈…〉 then of age, had thereupon Livery 〈…〉 of them; as also Summons 〈…〉 to be at Portsmouth, upon the first of September, well fitted with Horse and Arms, to attend the King into Gascoigne.

In 24 Edw. 1. being constituted 〈…〉 Governor of all Galloway in Scotland, he was 〈…〉 in the Battle of Dunbar, where the English then obtained a memorable Victory 〈…〉 : And the same year had a Charter 〈…〉 of Free-Warren, in all his Demesn Lands within the Lordship of Tadcaster in Com. Ebor.

In 25 Edw. 1. the Earl Warren, then General 〈…〉 of all the Rings Forces beyond Trent, having raised 〈…〉 a great power in Yorkshire, sent 〈…〉 this Henry his Nephew, with the Forces of Carlisle into Scotland; who coming to Are, endeavored 〈…〉 to dispose the Inhabitants of Galloway, to Peace: But hearing that the Scots were advanced 〈…〉 near Irwine (about four miles distant) he marched 〈…〉 towards them. Whereupon, discerning themselves too weak, they submittedH. 〈◊〉 2516. n. 10..

In this year, uponIbid. 252 • . n. • 0. • • 0. the Kings confirmation of the Great Charter, and Charter of the Forests, with the Articles thereupon; he was one of the Peers that undertookIbid. 252 • . n. • 0. • • 0. for the Safe-guard of the Earls of Hereford, and Norfolk, and other of the Nobility, who had stickled hard for the obtaining thereof.

But in 26 Edw. 1. he marched againRot. 〈…〉 . into Scotland; and the next year following, being sentClaus▪ 〈…〉 . to York, there to meet with the Bishop of Durham, and Earl of Lincoln; as also with some of the Nobles of Scotland; to consult about the fortifying and manning of the Castles in Scotland; he obtained, in consideration of his great and faithful services, a Grant Pat. 〈…〉 . of all the Lands, as well in England as in Scotland, which were the Inheritance of Ingelram de Baillol deceased; and which did, by Inheritance, belongPat. 〈…〉 . to Ingelram de Vmfranvill, then in Rebellion.

In 28 Edw. 1. he was again 〈…〉 in the Wars of Scotland. So also in 〈…〉 31 Edw. 1. And then obtained a Charter 〈…〉 for a Market upon the Saturday every week, at his Mannor of Pokelington in Com. Ebor. And two Fairs, one on the Eve and Feast-day of All-Saints; and the other on the Eve and Feast-day of S. Margaret, the Virgin. Likewise 〈…〉 . in 32 Edw. 1. at Primchale near Spoford, a Market on the Tuesday every week; and a Fair yearly on the Eve and Feast-day of S. Michael; as also 〈…〉 a Market upon the Thursday at Wandesford, in the same County; and a Fair yearly on the Eve and Day of S. Mary Magdalen.

In 34 Edw. 1. being again sent 〈…〉 into Scotland, to oppose Robert de Brus, then newly Crowned King there; he was besieged 〈…〉 at Ken • yr; but shortly after, relieved 〈…〉 by those Forces, which the King himself sent from Lanercost in Cumberland.

This Henry purchased 〈…〉 the Mannor of • uerindon upon 〈◊〉 , from Anthony Beke, Bishop of Durham. And in 2 Edw. 2. obtained License 〈…〉 to fortifie his Houses at Spoford and Lekingfield, in Com. Ebor. As also 〈…〉 that at Petworth in Com. Sussex.

He likewise in 3 Edw. 2. purchasedMS. penès C. Fairfax, p. 〈◊〉 b. from the same Bishop, the Honor of Alnwike, wherewith William de Vesci, Lord thereof, had intrusted Lel. Col. Vol. 1. p. 〈◊〉 . that Bishop for the behoof of Iohn de Vesci, his illegitimate Son; the Bishop notLel. Col. Vol. 1. p. 〈◊〉 . performing the trust, by reasonLel. Col. Vol. 1. p. 〈◊〉 . of some scandalous words exprest towards him, by that Iohn; which Grant the King confirmed.

In 4 Edw. 2. he was againRo • . Scoc. 4 Ed. 2. m. 8. in Scotland; and the same year procured the Kings Charter Cart. 4 Ed. 2. n. 8. for Free-Warren, in all his Demesn Lands within his Lordships of Settle, Gigleswick, Routhweii, Ma •• um, Arnecliff, Buckden, and Tadcaster, in Com. Ebor. In 5 Ed. 2. he was made GovernorRo • . Fin. 5 Ed. 2. m. 11. of the Castle of Baumburgh in Com. Northumbr. As alsoPa • . 5 Ed. • . p. 1. m. 16. of the Castle of Scardebourgh in Com. Ebor. And in 7 Edw. 2. marchedRot. Scoc. 7 Ed. 2. m. 3. again into Scotland. So likewise inRo • . Scoc. 8 Ed. 2. in dorso m 9. 8 Edw. 2. In which year also (upon Rot. Fin. 8 Ed. • . m. 21. the death of Robert Lord Clifford) he was constituted Rot. Fin. 8 Ed. • . m. 21. one of the Commissioners, together with Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, and Bartholmew de Badlesmere, in the custody of the Castles of Skipton in Craven, Appe •• y, Bruham, and Pendragon; and likewise of two parts of the profits of the County of Westmorland, by reason of the minority of Roger de Clifford, Son and Heir to the said Robert.

Moreover, having thus acquired the Honor of Alnwike, he repairedMS. penès Wil. Pierpont. the Castle there; and the better to secure his title therein, obtained a ReleaseMS. penès C. Fairfax. from Sir Gilbert de Aton Knight, Co • in and Heir to William de Vesci, of all his Right thereto: He likewise purchasedMS. penès. Wil. Pierpont. the Lordship of Corbrigge in Com. Northumbr. And did so well deserve of King Edward, that he obtained Ibid. the Earldom of Carryk at his hands, with all the Castles, Mannors, and Lands, whereof Robert de Brus was possessed, at the time when he was slain by Iohn Comyn. He purchasedIbid. also from Henry de Fishburne, Son and Heir to Constance, Daughter and Heir of Henry de Baillol, the Mannor of Uere in Galoway; as alsoIbid. Red-Castle in Anegos.

As to his Works of Piety, he FoundedIbid. a Chantry for two Priests, in the Chappel of Semar, for the health of the Soul of Eleanor, his Mother, and all his Ancestors. To the Monks of Fountains, he gaveMonast Anglic. Vol 1. • 42 b. n. 10. certain Lands in Malgum Moore; and to the Monks of Salley, the Advowson of the Church of Gairgrave. And by Eleanor his Wife, DaughterMS. penès Wil. Pierp. of Richard Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundel, had issue MS. penès Wil. Pierp. two Sons, viz. Henry and William; and departing Esc. 8 Ed. 2 • n. 65. this life in 8 Edw. 2. was buriedMS. penès Wil. Pierpont. in the Abby of Fountains, before the High Altar, leaving Henry, his Son and Heir, at that time sixteen Esc. 8 Ed. 2. • t supra. years of age.

Which Eleanor, the same year he died, laid claimClaus. 8 Ed. • . m. 8. to certain Lands in Wresill and Ergom, in Com. Ebor. As also in Claxby and Slotheby, in Com. Linc. Against William de Percy, who then held them. Which William vouched a Grant from the said Henry (her Husband) and challenged Warranty thereupon from Henry, her Son and Heir, at that time, under age: And had for her DowerClaus 8 Ed. • . m. 8. the Mannors of Clecop, Gigleswike, Lekinfield, Na • erton; the third part of the Mannor of W • therby; certain Lands in Bukeden; as also Claus 8 Ed. • . m. 8. the Mannor of Thurstanby, with the Perquisites of the Court of Gisburne, and Chase there: Twenty nine shillings eight pence half-penny Rent in Westby, Pathenale, Swinden, and Stainford-Scotain, in Com. Ebor. And Six shillings eight pence yearly Rent in Louthford and Leggesby, in Com. Linc. assigned unto her.

I now come to Henry, Henry. Son and Heir to the last mentioned Henry and Eleanor. In 9 Edw. 2. he obtained a GrantMS. penès C Fairfax, f. 120. from the King, of all those Fees in Northumberland, which did belong to Patrick de Dunbar, Earl of March, then in Rebellion against King Edward. And in 13 Ed. 2. byRot. Fin. 13 Ed. • . m. 4. reason of the spoil done to his Lands in the North, upon several incursions of the Scots; whereof Eleanor, his Mother, had the custody Rot. Fin. 13 Ed. • . m. 4. during his minority, and which, she could not well defend, he obtained a SurrenderRot. Fin. 13 Ed. • . m. 4. thereof from her to the King; and thereupon a Grant Rot. Fin. 13 Ed. • . m. 4. of them to himself, paying Four hundred marks per annum to the Exchequer: But in 15 Edw. 2. he procured an absolute LiveryClaus. 15 Ed • . m. 24. of them, though he had not then made proof of his age: And the same year was constituted GovernorRot. Fin. 15 Ed. 2. m. 13. of the Castle of Pickering in Yorkshire, by the forfeitureRot. Fin. 15 Ed. 2. m. 13. of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, then in the Crown; as alsoIbid. m. 19. of Scarborough Town and Castle.

Not long after this, viz. in 18 Edw. 2. he obtained the Kings CharterCart. 18 Ed. a. n. 2. for two more Fairs yearly at Pokelington in Com. Ebor. And in 19 Edw. 2. uponTho Wals. • 04. n. • 0. the landing of Queen Isabel and Prince Edward in England, being one of the Nobles that joynedTho Wals. • 04. n. • 0. with them, for reforming those abuses in the Government, occasioned through the power of the Spensers, by the access of those Forces he brought to Glocester, (where she then was) much increasedTho Wals. • 04. n. • 0. her Army.

Being therefore thus instrumental in this great change, in 1 Edw. 3. he obtained the custodyRot. Fin. • Ed. 3. m. 27. of the Castle of Skipton in Craven; as also a CharterCart. 1 Ed. 3. n. 90. for a Market and Fair at his Mannor of Topclive in Com. Ebor. And wasLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p 685. one of the twelve Lords, by whom it was decreed, that young King Edward should be guided.

Moreover, in the first year of Edward the Third, he wasRot. Scoc. 1 Ed. 3. m. 2. the principal person in Commission for the Treaty of Peace betwixt the Kingdoms of England and Scotland, and constitutedPat. 1 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 29. Warden of the Marches: But upon conclusionLel. Col. Vol 1. 794. of the Peace betwixt the English and Scots, in the Parliament at York, he could not Lel. Col. Vol 1. 794. assent, that the English should quit those Lands as they had in Scotland by Inheritance.

In 2 Edw. 3. upon the death of 〈◊〉 Fin. 2 Ed. 3. m 7. Eleanor, his Mother, he was made Constable 〈◊〉 Fin. 2 Ed. 3. m 7. of Scarborough Castle, the custody whereof was committed Pat. 19 Ed. • m. 14. to her charge in 19 Edw. 2. and in Ro • . Fin. 1 Ed. • . m. 29. 1 Edw. 3.

In 2 Edw. 3. this Henry being retained by Indenture 〈…〉 ., to serve the King with a certain number of Men at Arms, as well in times of Peace as War, during the term of his life, and to receive Five hundred marks per annum sallary; did, in considerationIbid. of that Annuity, obtain a Grant Ibid. of the Inheritance of the Castle of Werkworth in Com. Northumbr. which after the death of Sir Iohn de Clavering, without Issue-male of his Body, was to divolve to the King and his Heirs; with conditionClaus 5 Ed. 2. p. 2. m. 1., That when the Possession of the said Castle, should so come to his hands, then the payment of those Five hundred marks to cease. And was a person of such note, that Sir Ralph Nevill, the same year, did by IndentureEx ipso Autogr. pen • ; Thomam Comitem Elginiz, An. 1659., bearing date at Clifton near York, upon the fifth of August, Covenant to serve him, both in Peace and War, as long as they both should live, with twenty Men at Arms, whereof five to be Knights, upon such wages and other terms, as in my discourse of that Family is more fully expressed.

In 3 Edw. 3. he FoundedMS. penès C. Fairfax, f. 69 b. a Chantry for two Priests in the Chappel at Semar, to celebrate Divine Service for his own soul; as also for the soul of his Mother, and all their Ancestors; endowing MS. penès C. Fairfax, f. 69 b. it with one Messuage, twenty Ox-gangs of Land, and six Acres of Meadow in Wike, within the Lordship of Semar. And in 5 Edw. 2. the King taking noticeClaus. 5 Ed. 3. p. 2 m. • . Cart. 5 Ed. 3. n 14. Rot. Parl. 6 Ed. 3. n. 18. in what sort he had retained him, as well in time of Peace as War (as above is expressed) and thatClaus. 5 Ed. 3. p. 2 m. • . Cart. 5 Ed. 3. n 14. Rot. Parl. 6 Ed. 3. n. 18. by Act of Parliament, after that Agreement so made, all Retainers, in time of Peace, were to be void; did GrantClaus. 5 Ed. 3. p. 2 m. • . Cart. 5 Ed. 3. n 14. Rot. Parl. 6 Ed. 3. n. 18., That the Castle and Mannor of Werkworth, and Mannor of Roub •• y, which after the death of Sir Iohn de Clavering, without Issue-male, were to divolve to the Crown: As also the Mannors of Corbrigge and 〈◊〉 and all other the Lands of the said Iohn de Clavering, so Intailed as abovesaid, should after his death, without Issue-male, come to this Henry and his Heirs; excepting only the Dowry of Hawise, then the Wife of him the said Iohn de Clavering.

In 6 Edw. 3. he was again constitutedPat. 6 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 13. Warden of the Marches of Scot •••• ; and in 7 Edw. 3. being then GovernorRot. Scoc. 7 Ed. 3. m. • . of the Castle of Barwick, was one of the Commissioners sent Rot. Scoc. 7 Ed. 3. m. • . to the Parliament of Scotland, to approve and ratifie those Agreements as had been made betwixt King Edward, and Edward de Baillol, King of Scotland. In this year also, he had a GrantMS. penès C. 〈◊〉 f. 69 a. from Edward de Baillol, King of Scotland, of the Inheritance of the Pele of Loughmaban, as also of Anandale and Mo •• etdale, with all the Knights Fees and Advowsons of Churches, within those Valleys, in as full and ample manner as Thomas Randulph, sometime Earl of Murrey, ever had them; and moreoverMS. penès C. 〈◊〉 f. 69 a., of divers Lands in that Realm which belonged to other men. All which Castle, Lands, &c. then valuedRot. Scoc. 8 • d. 3. m. 12. at a thousand mark per annum, he did, the year following, surrenderRot. Scoc. 8 • d. 3. m. 12. to King Edward the Third, and his Heirs, in exchange Rot. Scoc. 8 • d. 3. m. 12. for the Castle and Constablery of Ieddeworth, and Towns of Ieddeworth In Tividale within the Realm of Scotland., Bend • eddeworth, Hassinden, and the Forest of Ieddeworth, together with five hundred marks per annum, to be received out of the Customs of Barwick; as also the custodyIbid. of the Castle at Barwick, with the Fee of one hundred marks for that service, in time of Peace, and two hundred pound per annum in time of War. And the same year was joyned in CommissionIbid. m. 17. with Ralph de Nevill, in the guarding of the Marches throughout the Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmorland.

In this year likewise, he IntailedMS. penès C. Fairfax, • 69 b. a multitude of his Lordships and Lands upon the Heirs-male of his Body, as by a special Feo •• mentMS. penès C. Fairfax, • 69 b., bearing date 24 Sept. appeareth, viz. The Castles of Alnwike and Werkworth, the Mannors of Alnwike, • ughal, Swinhow, • e • wike, and Alnham, in Comit. Northumbr. Spoford, Topcliff, Semer, Naffertan, Lekingfield, Catton, and C • etop, with the Hamlets of Letheley, Arlethorp, Gristiwoit, Aystiby, Wanesford, and A • gham, in Com. Ebor. Two part of the Mannors of Warkworth, Corbrigge, Aklington, and Roubi • y, with the Hamlets of Snitir, Bitling, Thorpeton, and Newton, with their appurtenances, in Com. Northumbr. As also the Advowsons of the Churches of Spoford, Lekingfield, Scorburgh, Arncliff, Catton, and D • nygton, in the said County of York. Likewise the moity of the Village of Trastreston, which Robert de Ogle then held for term of life; the Borough of Alnmouth, with the Mannors of Hoghton and Lescebi • y, in Com. Northumbr. Which Isabel de Vesci held for term of life, as also the Mannor of Chatton, with one Toft and five Oxg • ngs of Land in Wolloure, which the same Isabel likewise held for term of life. Also the Mannor of Newturne, which Ralph de Nevil held for term of life: And the third part of the Mannors of Werkworth, Corbrigge, Ailington, and Roughbi • y, and Hamlets of Sniker, Berling, Thropton, and Newton, which Hawise the Widow of Iohn de Clavering then also held in Dower; and for want of such issue to his right heirs.

And, having so done, marchedClaus 8 Ed. 3. m. 12. again into Scotland, upon the Kings service. Moreover in 10 Edw. 3. he attendedRot. Scoc. 10 Ed. 3. m 13. the King in another expedition then made into Scotland, and there continuedRot. Scoc. 11 Ed. 3. m • . the following year.

And being then a BanneretClaus. 11 Ed. 3. m. 3 • ., representingClaus. 11 Ed. 3. m. 3 • . to the King, that he had upon account the sum of Eight hundred fifty one pound fourteen shillings and four pence of Wages due to him, for his service in Scotland, he obtainedClaus. 11 Ed. 3. m. 3 • . an Assignation of two hundred pound thereof, to be paid out of the Tenths due to the Crown, from the Arch-Deaconry of Cleveland. And the same year retainedEx 〈◊〉 penès Tho. Comite • E • gini • . William, the Son of Iohn de Rodhum, to serve him both in Peace and War, with one Companion, until the full age of Iohn, the Son of Iohn de Rodhum: For which service, in time of War, he was to have Apparel, as his other Yeomen; as also Hay, Oats, Hors-shooes, and Nails for six Horses; with wages for six Grooms, and recompence for such Horses as should be lost in the Wars. And in consideration of this service, granted to the said William, the Wardship of the Lands of Iohn de Rodhum, lying in • oughton, until the full age of him the said Iohn.

In 14 Edw. 3. this Henry wasFroi • ard, f. 29 b. & 302. in that great Sea-fight, betwixt the English and French, before Sluce in Flanders; and had, in consideration Claus. 〈◊〉 Ed. 3. m • . of his large expences in the Kings service, an AssignationClaus. 〈◊〉 Ed. 3. m • . of five hundred pounds to be paid, by the Collector of the Nones and Fifteens, in the Counties of Northumberland and Westmorland. And, in regardClaus 16 Ed, 3. p. • . m. 〈◊〉 . that the Castle and Constablery of Ieddeworth, with those other Lands granted to him in lieu of the Castle and Pele of Laugh-Maban, with Anandale, in Scotland, were not an equitable exchange, he had in 16 Edw. 3. a Grant 〈…〉 of five hundred marks per annum, out of the old Customs at Barwick upon Twede, to make it good.

In this year he wasFroisard, f. 482. at the Siege of Nantes in Britanny; and in 17 Edw. 3. constituted Rot. Scoc. 17 Ed. 3. m. 4. one of the Commissioners to treat with William de Douglas, and to receive him to terms of amity; as alsoIbid. to see the Truce kept throughout the Marches, and all other places in Scotland, which at the instance of the Pope, had been newly made betwixt both Kingdoms. And in 19 Edw. 3. was again constitutedRo • . Scoc. 19 Ed. 3. m. 1. one of the Commissioners to treat of Peace with such as were in Arms in the Marches of Scotland, and the Kings good Subjects in those parts. In which year, the Scots having invadedYpod. Neustr • p. 118. n. • 0. England with an Army of thirty thousand, under the command of William Douglas, and burnt Ypod. Neustr • p. 118. n. • 0. Carlisle, Perith, and many other places; upon the advance of this Lord Percy, with the Lords, Nevil and Lucy, they fled.

But the next year following, they invaded Tho. Wals. • 57. n. 40. England again, whilst the King was at the Siege of Calais. Whereupon he wasYpod. Neust. p. 119. n. 30. one of the cheif of the Northern Barons that gave them Battle, upon a MoorLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 675. near Durham; and having vanquishedTho. Wals. p. 157. n. 40. their whole Army, took David their King prisonerTho. Wals. p. 157. n. 40.. In consideration Rot. Scoc. 21 Edw. 3. m. 2. of which laudable service (the King being then absentRot. Scoc. 21 Edw. 3. m. 2.) he had an AssignationRot. Scoc. 21 Edw. 3. m. 2. of two hundred marks out of those Aids, then diversly granted for the support of those Wars.

Moreover, in this year he attendedRo • . Franc. 21 Ed. 3. m. 23. Prince Edward to the Wars of France; and in 24 Edw. 3. was joyned in CommissionRo • . Scoc. 24 Ed. 3. m. 1. with the Bishop of Durham, and others, to treat of Peace with certain Commissioners of Scotland, touching a Peace betwixt both Kingdoms.

In 25 Edw. 3. he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 25 Ed. 3. m 5. one of the Commissioners to meet the like from Scotland, at Hexham; there to treat concerning the enlargment of David, King of Scotland, then prisoner in England; and soon after that, to receiveIbid. m. 3. the Oath of that King (upon liberty granted him to go into Scotland) for his faithful return: As alsoIbid. m. 2. to keep the Truce in the Marches towards Northumberland and Westmorland.

In 26 Edw. 3. upon • ot. Fran. 26 Edw. 3. m. 5. the danger of an Invasion, then threatned from the French, he was constituted • ot. Fran. 26 Edw. 3. m. 5. one of the Commissioners for Arraying of Men in the County of Northumberland, for the safeguard of the Realm. But before the end of that year, he departed this life, viz. 26 Febr. being then seised of the Mannors of Petworth, Sutton, Doncketon, and Heystreet, with the Advowson of the Church of Petworth, in Com. Suss. Of the Mannors of Spofford, Topcliffe, Semar, Nafferton, Lekingfield, Cleyhope, Catton, and Kirk-Levington, in Com. Ebor. Of the Castle and Mannor of Alnwike, with the Towns and Villages thereto antiently belonging, viz. Denwike, Le •• ebury, Great Haughton, Tughall, Swinhow, Cha • ton, Alnham, Swindescheles, Benley, South-Middleton, and Wollor, in Com. Northumbr. As also of the Castle and Mannor of Werkworth, with the Hamlets of Over-Bothilleston, and Tuggesden, Girling, Aclington, Rothbury, Newton, Thropton, Snitre, and Corbrigge, in the same County; leaving issue, by Idonea his Wife, Daughter of ... Lord Clifford, four Sons; viz. MS. penès Wil. P • e • po • t. Henry, his Son, and Heir, a • that time thirty years of age, William, Richard, and Roger; and four Daughters, viz. MS. penès Wil. P • e • po • t. Maud, Eleanor, Isabel, and Margaret; and was buried in the Priory at Alnwike.

Of which Sons, William had the Mannor of Kirk-Levington, by the GrantIbid. of his Father; Roger theIbid. Mannor of Stanerbot and Dalton-Percy; and Richard wasIbid. Bishop of Norwich.

Of the Daughters, Maud became the WifeIbid. of Iohn Lord Nevil; Eleanor Ibid. of Iohn Lord Fitz-Walter; Isabel Ibid. of William, the Son of Gilbert de Aton; and Margaret, firstEs • . 44 Ed. 3. n. 22. Pat. 45 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 5. of Robert de Vmfranville, Son and Heir to Gilbert de Vmfranville, Earl of Anegos, and afterwardsEs • . 44 Ed. 3. n. 22. Pat. 45 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 5. of William de Ferrers.

But I proceed with Henry, Henry. his Son and Heir.

This Henry, doing his homage the same year his Father died, had LiveryRot. Fin • . 26 Edw. 3. • . 15. of his Lands; saving to Idonea his Mother (then living) her reasonable Dower. Which Idonea had thereupon an AssignationClaus. 26 Edw. 3. • . 23. of the Mannors of Semar, Lekingfield, Catton, Cletop, Nafferton, with its Members; as also certain Lands in Thurstanby, Benington, Wandesford, Windeshoin, Ergom, Setill, and Gigleswike, in Com. Ebor. And the third part of the Mannors of Werckworth, Aclington, Berling, Newton, Routhbiry, Sayler, Trapton, Corbrigge, and Newton juxta Routhbiry, in Com. Northumbr.

In 20 Edw. 3. (his Father then living) he was Rot. Fran • . 20 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 9. in that great expedition then made into France; whereupon ensued the famous Battle of Cressey. And in 26 Edw. 3. constitutedRot. Scoc. 26 Ed. 3. m. • . one of the Commissioners for guarding of the Marches.

In 29 Edw. 3. hewasRot. Scoc. 29 Ed. 3. m. • . in the Wars of Scotland. And in 30 Edw. 3. received commandRot. Scoc. 30 Ed. 3. m. • . to reside upon his Lands in the Marches of Scotland, for the better defence of those parts; being Ibid. m. 4 • ., together with Ralph Lord Nevil, constituted Warden of those Marches towards Northumberland. The same year also he was appointed Ibid. m. • . one of the Commissioners to treat with the Parliament of Scotland, touching the delivery of David de Brus, King of Scotland (taken prisoner in the Battle of Durham, 20 Edw. 3.) And in 31 Edw. 3. to treatRot. Scoc. 31 Ed. 3. m. • 6. concerning the observation of the Truce, upon all the East Marches.

In 32 Edw. 3. uponPat. 32 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 23. the marriage of Henry; his Son and Heir, to Margaret, the Daughter of Ralph, Lord Nevil of Raby, he setledPat. 32 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 23. the Mannors of Swinhow and Tughall, in Com. Northumbr. upon them and the issue of their two Bodies. And in 33 Edw. 3. was made Constable Rot. Scoc. 33 Ed. 3. m. 1. of the Castle of Barwick upon Twede.

In this thirty third year, he attendedForisard 〈…〉 . King Edward into France; and in 34 Edw. 3. continued Ro • Franc. 34 Ed. 3. m. • . still in those parts. In 35 Edw. 3. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 3 • . Ed. 3. m. • . one of the Wardens of the Marches; and in 36 Edw. 3. a CommissionerRot. Scoc. 36 Ed. 3. m. • . to take care, that the Truce made betwixt both Kingdoms, should be observed.

In 39 Edw. 3. upon the death of Idonea, his Mother, he had LiveryClaus. 39 Ed. 3. m. 16. of all those Lands which she held in Dower; and the same year received commandRot. Scoc. 39 Ed. 3. m. 4. to repair unto his Lands, near the Marches, in regard of some danger at that time impending from the Scots. In 40 Edw. 3. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 40 Ed. 3. m. 2. one of the Commissioners for guarding of the Marches, and con • erving the Peace made with the Scots. And inRot. Scoc. 41 Ed 3. m. 5. 41 Edw. 3. to supervise the state of the Marches; as also to treat with the King of Scots, and his people, in order to some reparation of the damage done to the English, by the Subjects of that Realm.

This Henry first marriedCa • alog • e of Nobility by R. B. Mary, the Daughter to Henry, Earl of Lancaster; by whom he had issueMS. penès Wil Pierpont., Henry and Thomas: To which Thomas he gaveRot. Fin. 42 Ed. 3. m. 5. the Mannor of Foston in Com. Leic. for a certain term of years; who afterwards was Earl of Worcester, and died without issue, as I shall farther shew anon.

And to his second Wife, viz. Ioane Esc 43. Ed. 3. n. 16., by whom he had a Daughter called Mary, twoEsc 43. Ed. 3. n. 16. years old as her death, in 43 Edw. 3. And departingEsc 42 Ed. 3. n. 48. this life on Thursday, being Ascension-day, in 42 Ed. 3. then seisedEsc 42 Ed. 3. n. 48. of the Mannors of Lekingfield, 〈◊〉 , Se • il, Gigleswike, Nafferton, Catton, Wharram-Percy, Walton, parcel of the Mannor of Spofford, Starbotill in Craven, Spo • ford, Topcliffe, Semar, Tadcaster, and Pokelington, in Com. Ebor. Of the Mannor and Castle of Alnwike, with the Appurtenances, in Com. Northumbr. As also of the Mannor of Roke, the Castle and Mannor of Werkworth; the Towns of Berling, Aclington, Routhbiry, East Wetton, Threpston, S • itter, Over-Botilston, Teggisden; the Mannors • of Corbrigge, Newburne, Thrasterton, with the Hamlets of Botlaw and Walbotill, and Fishing in the River of Tine. And of the Inheritance of Ioane his Wife, the Mannor of Toft juxta Witham, in Com. Linc. As also part of the Mannor of Old Bokenham, and Hundred of Shropham (Parcel of the Barony of Tatshull) in Com. Norf. And the Mannor of Eratefield, in Com. Suff. Left Henry his SonIbid. and Heir, then twenty six years of age.

Which Ioane had for her DowryClaus. 42 Ed. 3. m. 11., these Lands and Lordships following, assigned unto her, viz. The Mannor of Semar, and third part of the Mannors of Scarbotill, Spofford, Jopcliffe, and certain Lands and Tenements in Walton, Bukeden, and the City of York; as also two parts of the Mannor of Wharram-Percy, in Com. Ebor. The third part of the Mannor of Alnwike, with the third part of the Mills of Nether Carleton; the third part of the Mannor and Town of Denwike; the Mannor and Town of Lessebiry; the Mannor and Town of Great Houghton; the Mannor and Town of Chatton; the Mannor of Thrasterston; the Mannor and Town of Alnham, with the third part of the Pasture called Swinlesches • es; the Mannors of Werkworth, Routhbiry, Corbrigge, and Newburne, with its Members; as also certain Lands in Wol • ore. Moreover, of Thirteen pound six shillings five pence half penny Rent, belonging to the Ward of Alnwike Castle; eight pound yearly Rent • ut of the Mannor of Benley; sixty six shillings four pence Rent, out of the Mannor of South-Middleton, under Cheviot (all in the County of Northumberland) eight marks yearly Rent from the Prior of Si • hill in Ludford; forty shillings yearly Rent out of Lands belonging to the Priory of Thornton in Outheby; and thirteen shillings four pence yearly Rent issuing out of certain Lands belonging to the Priory of Elsham in Outhenby, in Com. Linc. And likewise, the third part of certain Tenements in London.

But I return to Henry.

This Henry, Henry. in 33 Edw. 3. (his Father then living) wasRot. Vas •• . 33 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 16. in that expedition then made into France. So likewise inPat. 37 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 26. 37 Edw. 3. And in 42 Edw. 3. (which was the same year his Father died) doing his homage, hadRot. Fin. 42 Ed. 3. m. 5. Livery of his Lands; in which year, he wasFroisard, f. 146 b. also at Calais with King Edward, where he made Peace with the French; and likewise, sentIbid. • . 150 • . with three hundred Men, and a thousand Archers into Poictou, to the releif of the Marches there.

Within the compass of this year, he was also constitutedRot. Scoc. 42 Ed. 3. m. 4. one of the Wardens of the Marches towards Scotland. And in 43 Edw. 3. was Rot. Franc. 43 Ed. 3. m. 4. again in the Wars of France, having then of his retinueEx A • togr. penès C • enc. Pell. sixty Men at Arms, whereof himself and twelve Knights to be part of the number; forty seven Esquires, and a hundred Archers on Horsback. Moreover, in 45 Edw. 3. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 45 Ed. 3. m. 〈◊〉 . one of the Commissioners for guarding of the Marches. So likewise in 46 Edw. 3. In which year he attendedFroisard, f. 185 b. the King in his purposed expedition into France, for rescuing of Thouars; but being crossed with contrary winds, after nine weeks tossing at Sea, returnedFroisard, f. 185 b..

In 47 Edw. 3. he gavePat. 47 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 41. the King seven hundred and sixty pounds, to have the custody of the Castle of Mi • ford, and all the Lands in Com. Northumbr. and Liberty of Tinedale, which did belong to David de Strabolgy, Earl of Atholl, deceased, during the minority of Elizabeth and Philippa, the Daughters and Heirs to that Earl: In which year, he likewise attended Rot. Alen. 47 Ed. 3. • . 17. the King into Flanders; and in 50 Edw. 3. grantedPat. 50 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 24. the Hospital of S. Leonard at Alnwike (which was of his Ancestors foundation) to the Abbot and Covent of Alnwike, to hold for ever in pure Alms.

Furthermore, being thenRot. 〈◊〉 . 50 Edw. 3. m. 5. Marshal of England, he was assignedRot. 〈◊〉 . 50 Edw. 3. m. 5. to make inspection into the Castle and Town of Calais; as also into all the Castles and Forts in the Marches of Calais, and to cause such Repairs to be made in them, as need should require; and moreover, to see them well victualled and manned: And likewise constitutedRo • . Scoc. 50 Ed. 3. m. • . one of the Commissioners for guarding the Marches of Scotland.

In 51 Edw. 3 he was madeRot Franc. 51 Ed. 3. m. • . General of all those Forces which were sent to Calais, Ardes, Guisnes, and other places, within the Realm of France, then in the Kings Possession; having then of his own retinueEx A • togr. penès Clenc. Pell. one hundred Men at Arms, and one hundred Archers; and aready supply of two hundred Men at Arms, and two hundred Archers, all mounted on Horsback. And, being present 〈…〉 as Marshal of England, at the Coronation of King Richard the Second, was then advanced 〈…〉 to the Dignity and Title of Earl of Northumberland. Whereupon, he had a special Grant 〈…〉 , that the Lands of which he then stood seised, or did afterwards purchase, should be held Sub Honore Comitali, and as parcel of his Earldom.

But shortly after this, he resignedT. Wals. 197. n. 10. his Marshals Rod; and upon that mischief done by the Earl of Dunbar, against the Inhabitants of Roxborough in Scotland (which Town was then under the power of the English) he raisedIbid. n. 20. an Army of ten thousand men, and therewith marched Ibid. n. 20. into Scotland; and for three dayes together wastedIbid. n. 20. the Lands of that Earl, with Fire and Sword. The same year, being joynedEx Autog. in Bibl. Cotton. with the Bishop of Hereford, and Edmund Mortimer Earl of March, to treat of Peace betwixt both Kingdoms. Which being concludedEx Autog. in Bibl. Cotton. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 1 • . 2. m. 1. (with that Bishop and others) one of the Commissioners for guarding of the Marches.

In 2 R. 2. he entredFroisard • 04. a. & 205 a. Scotland, with the Earl of Notingham, and wonFroisard • 04. a. & 205 a. the Town of Barwick: but Truce being soon after made, he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 2 • . 2. m. 4. one of the Commissioners to see redress of all Injuries done in the Marches, contrary to the tenor thereof. And in 3 R. 2. was again inRot. Scoc. 3 • . 2. m. 4. Commission for guarding of those marches, towards Northumberland. Moreover, in 4 Ric. 2. uponYpod Ne • str. 138. n. 30. that Invasion made by the Scots into Cinnberland, and Westmorland, he preparedYpod Ne • str. 138. n. 30. himself to advance against them; but was prohibitedYpod Ne • str. 138. n. 30. by the Kings Letters: and in 5 R. 2. again constitutedRot. Scoc. 3 R. • . m. 2. one of the Commissioners for guarding of the West Marches. About which time, having received Command Holinsh. Cron. in eodem an. to take special regard of the Castles and Garrisons in those parts; and transmittingHolinsh. Cron. in eodem an. the same charge to Sir Matthew Redman Knight, his Lieutenant at Barwick; this Redman was so strict in observation of the Commands then laid upon him; that in the return of the Duke of Lancaster out of Scotland (where he had been to quiet all differences by a Treaty) he resusedHolinsh. Cron. in eodem an. him entrance; which caused so great an animosity from the Duke towards this Earl; that upon a meeting of most of the Nobles at Berkhamsted, very sharp words passedHolinsh. Cron. in eodem an. betwixt them. Whereupon this Earl, being over bold and peremptory in the Kings presence; was arrestedHolinsh. Cron. in eodem an.: but the Earles of Warwick and Suffolk, undertaking for his appearance, at the next Parliament, he had libertyHolinsh. Cron. in eodem an. to depart.

In this year he obtained a CharterCart▪ 5, & 6 • . 2. n. 2. for a weekly Market every Tuesday, at his Mannor of Lekingfeld (near Beverley) in Com. Ebor. and a Fair yearly on the eve and day of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross and seven dayes following; as alsoIbid. n. 10. for a market on the Monday every week, at Semar, and a Fair yearly upon the Feast of St. Martin in Iuly.

And in 7 R. 2. observingT. Wals. p. 336. that the Scots had done much mischief in Northumberland, by their frequent Incursions, he marcht into that Realm, and repaidT. Wals. p. 336. them with the like measure: But before the end of this year, so it hapned; Ibid. 337. n. 10. & 20. that by corrupting the Deputy-Governor of the Castle of Barwick, they possessed themselves thereof. Of which misfortune the Duke of Lancaster (who had a grudge towards him) made such advantage, that upon complaintIbid. 337. n. 10. & 20. of it in Parliament, he so far prevailed, as that, judgementIbid. 337. n. 10. & 20. of death and loss of estate, was pronounced against this Earl; in regard the trust thereof stood committed to him. But the King, being more favorable to him, remittedIbid. 337. n. 10. & 20. the execution of this severe Sentence. Whereupon, without delay, he prepared 〈…〉 for the Siege thereof. But after he had begirt it with his forces, the Scots came to an agreementIbid. with him, and in consideration of two thousand marks, as also that they might march away with Bagg and Baggage, rendredIbid. it to him.

After which he was, the same year, joyned in Commission withRot. Scoc. 7 R. 2. m. • . the Bishop of Durham and others, to treat of Peace with the Scots; and to require satisfaction for injuries done to the English: as also constitutedIbid. m. 5. one of the Commissioners, for guarding of the East-marches: and moreover a CommissionerIbid. m. 8. for recieving twenty four thousand marks, from the Scots, in full satisfaction of an hundred thousand Marks, due for the Ransom of David their King. The like Commission for treaty with the Scots, was grantedRot. Scoc. 8 R. 2. m. 3. to him and others in 8 R. 2. in which year he himself alone was constitutedIbid. m. • . General Warden of both the East and West Marches.

In this year likewise he hadRot. Fin. 8 R. 2. m. 16. the Shiriffalty of Northumberland, and custody of the Castle at Newcastle upon Tine committed to his trust: and was also retained by IndentureEx Autogr. penès Cleric. pell. to serve the King in his Scottish Wars for forty days. Moreover, having then marriedClaus. 22 R. 2. p. 2. m. • . to his second Wife, Maud the Sister and Heir to Anthony Lord Lucy, Widow ofMon. Angl. Vol 2. 97. a. n. 60. Gilbert de Vmfraville Earl of Anegos, he joyned with her in setlingClaus. ut supra. the Castle and Honor of Cokermouth, and a large proportion besides of her great Inheritance, by a Fine levied in the Octaves of St. Iohn Baptist, and recorded in the Octaves of St. Michael next following, upon himself and her, and the Heirs male of their two Bodies, and for want of such issue, to the Heirs of her Body; and in case she should die without issue, then to Henry Lord Percy his Son and Heir (begotten on his first Wife) and to the Heirs male of his Body: upon condition, that he the said Henry, and the Heirs male of his Body, should bear the Armes of Percy, viz. Or a Lion rampant Azure, quarterly with the Armes of Lucie, viz. Gules thre • Lucies Argent, in all Shields, Banners, Ensignes, and Coats of Armes whatsoever, where and whensoever there should be occasion o • bearing and shewing forth their own paternal Armes. And in case he should depart thi • Life without issue male, that then Sir Thoma • Percy Knight (Brother to the Earl, and Uncle t • the said Henry) and the Heirs male of his Bod • should enjoy the same Castle, Honor, &c. upo • the like condition: and in default of such issu • Sir Thomas Percy Knight, second Son to the sai • Earl, and the heirs male of his Body; with re • mainder to Sir Ralph Percy Kt. third Son to th • said Earl, and the Heirs male of his Body. An • in case these conditions should not be performed; then to remain to the right Heirs of the said Maud. This agreement being made in the presence of the King, and by his special command.

In 9 Ric. 2. this Earl was again constituted Rot. Fin. 9 R. 2. m. 22. Shiriff of Northumberland. And in 10 R. 2. one of the AmbassadorsRot. Scoc. 10 R 2. m. 1. to treat of Peace with the Scots. So likewise inRot. Scoc. 11. R. 2. m. • . 11 R. 2. Moreover in 12 R, 2. he was madeRot. Scoc. 12 • . 2. m. 3. one of the Commissioners for the custody of Carleol, and guarding of the West Marches: and in 13 R. 2. a Commissioner Rot. Franc. 13 R. • . m. • . (with the Bishop of Durham, and others) to treat of Peace with the French. So likewiseIbid. m. 3. with the Flemings.

In 14 R. 2. being recalledT. Wals. p. 3 • 0. from Calais, he was again constitutedT. Wals. p. 3 • 0. Governor of the Marches of Scotland; and in 18 R. 2. a Commissioner Rot. Scoc. R. 2. m 3. Tho. Wal • . 388. n. 40. to treat of Peace with the Scots. Moreover, in 19 Rich. 2. beingRot. Scoc. R. 2. m 3. Tho. Wal • . 388. n. 40. at the enterview betwixt King Richard, and Charles the Sixth, then King of France, near Gisnes, he wasRot. Scoc. R. 2. m 3. Tho. Wal • . 388. n. 40. one of the English Lords that conducted the King of France to his Pavilion. And in this year FoundedPat. 19 R. 2. p. 1. m. 27. a Chantry in the Chappel of All-Saints at Cokermouth, for one Priest to celebrate Divine Service there daily, for the good estate of himself, and Maud his Wife, and for their Souls after their departure hence; as also for the Souls of their Ancestors, and all the faithful deceased: And for his support gavePat. 19 R. 2. p. 1. m. 27. one Messuage lying in the City of Carl ••• e.

But in 21 Rich. 2. upon information 〈…〉 given, that he and his Son Henry (commonly called Hotspur) had spoken some words in derogation of the King, he was sent 〈…〉 for out of the North; and neglecting to come, banished 〈…〉 . Whereupon he resolved 〈…〉 to flie into Scotland: Howbeit, long after it was not, that the discontents against King Richard, by reason of his misgovernment, put an end to his reign; for the Duke of Lancaster, being weary 〈…〉 of his banishment, and having advertisement from hence, how ill affected the people stood to King Richard, adventured to Sea, and landed 〈…〉 at Ravenspur in Yorkshire, where this Earl soon repaired 〈…〉 to him. And afterwards, when that King fled 〈…〉 into North Wales, and saw no hopes left, treated 〈…〉 with him and the Earl of Arundel at Conway Castle, touching the resignation of his Regal Authority; which soon after ensued. Whereupon the Duke of Lancaster, being then proclaimed King, by the name of Henry the Fourth, acknowledgingPat. 1. H. 4. p. 1. m. 15. the extraordinary merits of this Earl; first advancedPat. 1. H. 4. p. 1. m. 15. him to that great Office of Constable of England, to hold for term of life, and to exercise the same by himself, or such his sufficient Deputy, as he would answer for. Next gavePat. 1 H. 4. p. 5. m. 35. Tho. Wal • . p. 400. Pat. 7 H. 4. p. 2. m 18. per Inspex. him the Isle of Man, toPat. 1 H. 4. p. 5. m. 35. Tho. Wal • . p. 400. Pat. 7. H. 4. p. 2. m 18. per Inspex. hold by carrying the Sword (which he wore at his landing in Holderness) called Lancaster Sword, on the day of his Coronation. Then made him JusticePat. 1 H. 4. p. 1. m. 8. of Chester; and after that, Constable Ibid. m. 16. of the Castles of Chester, Conway, Flint, and Carnarvon; and moreoverRot. Scoc. • H. • m. 13. General-Warden of the West Marches toward Scotland; as also GovernorIbid. m. 14. of the Town and Castle of Carlisle.

And the next ensuing year, constituted him Pat. 2 • H. 4. m. 10. one of the Commissioners to treat of a Marriage for Blanch, his eldest Daughter, with Lewes, Duke of Bavaria, eldest Son to Rupert, King of the Romans.

After which, viz. in 3 Hen. 4. the Scots again invadingTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. & 406. n. 10. England, this Earl and his valiant Son, having thenTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. & 406. n. 10. the Earl of Dunba • with them (who had deserted his Countreymen) raised Tho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. & 406. n. 10. a considerable power; and giving them BattleTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. & 406. n. 10. at Halwedon Hill, obtained a singal victory, wherein the Earl Douglas, their General, was woundedTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. & 406. n. 10. and made prisonerTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. & 406. n. 10..

But the next year following (viz. 4 Hen. 4.) having beenLe • ▪ Coll. Vol. • . 387. at no small charge in the Kings service, and requiringLe • ▪ Coll. Vol. • . 387. such Moneys as were then due to him, for the Wardenship of the Marches; he receivedLe • ▪ Coll. Vol. • . 387. no good answer, which inflamed Le • ▪ Coll. Vol. • . 387. him with so much discontent, as at length wrought his own ruine. So likewise his stout Son Henry, who breaking out into Rebellion, soon after lost his life in the Battle of Shrewsbury, as I shall farther shew anon.

It is said by someYpod. 〈◊〉 ▪ 169. n. 〈◊〉 ., That after that Battle of Shrewsbury, before he could possibly have notice thereof, he set forwards out of Northumberland, (where he then was) towards his Son; but othersYpod. 〈◊〉 ▪ 169. n. 〈◊〉 . thought his intentions were to address himself to the King, in hope to reconcile all; and thatYpod. 〈◊〉 ▪ 169. n. 〈◊〉 ., being prevented by the power of the Earl of Westmorland, he retreated to his Castle at Werkworth.

Howbeit after this, he cameLel. Col •• Vol. 1. 389. to the King, upon promise of safety, and disavowedLel. Col •• Vol. 1. 389. his Sons action; whereupon he had pardon • pod. Neustr. 169. n. 〈◊〉 . of life, upon commitment • pod. Neustr. 169. n. 〈◊〉 . to safe custody; and in 6 H. 4. being restoredTho. Wal •• 410. n. 〈◊〉 . in Parliament to all his Possessions, at Midsummer following cameIbid. 4 •• . n. 40. again to the King at Pontfract.

But the death of his Son, notwithstanding this favor, so stuck upon his stomack, that the next ensuing year (viz. 7 Hen. 4.) he took advantageYpod. Neustr. 173. n▪ 5 •• & 17 •• of the discontents of Thomas Moubray, Earl Marshal, and Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, and joynedYpod. Neustr. 173. n▪ 5 •• & 17 •• with them in their Rebellion; who, failingIbid. in that attempt, lostIbid. their lives. Whereupon, the King marching after this Earl, forced him to fleeIbid. 〈◊〉 30▪ 40 & 5 •• & 175. (with the Lord Bardolf) to Barwick, and thence intoIbid. 〈◊〉 30▪ 40 & 5 •• & 175. Scotland. Soon after which, he gotTho. Wal •• 417. Ibid. 419. (7 H. 4.) into Wales; but ere long, returningTho. Wal •• 417. Ibid. 419. (7 H. 4.) to Chreske in Yorkshire, caused ProclamationsTho. Wal •• 417. Ibid. 419. (7 H. 4.) to 〈◊〉 set out; that whosoever desired Liberty, should take up Arms and follow him; whereupon he hadTho. Wal • 417. Ibid. 419. (7 H. 4.) a multitude of partakers.

Howbei • , the then Sheriff of Yorkshire (viz. Sir Thomas Rokesby Knight) raisingIbid. 〈◊〉 20▪ (8 H. 4.) the power of that County, met him at Bramham Moor, near Haselwood, where in a sharp Battle (fought Ibid. 〈◊〉 20▪ (8 H 4.) upon the second Calends of March,) being slainIbid. 〈◊〉 20▪ (8 H 4.); they cutIbid. n▪ 〈◊〉 . off his Head thenIbid. n▪ 〈◊〉 . white with age, and sentIbid. n▪ 〈◊〉 . it to London, there to be set on the Bridge with a Pole; and quartering his Body into four parts, placedClaus. • 9 Hen. 4▪ m. 10. one of them upon a Gate in London, anotherClaus. • 9 Hen. 4▪ m. 10. at Lincoln, a thirdClaus. • 9 Hen. 4▪ m. 10. at Barwick upon • wede, and the fourth atClaus. • 9 Hen. 4▪ m. 10. Newcastle upon Tine. But in May following they were all taken down, and by the Kings special PreceptClaus. • 9 Hen. 4▪ m. 10. delivered to his Friends, to be solemnly buried in holy S • pulture.

The Children which this great Earl had, were MS. 〈◊〉 Wi • . 〈◊〉 pont. all by Margaret his first Wife, Daughter to Ralph, Lord Nevill (Sister to Ralph, first Earl of Westmorland,) viz. threeMS. 〈◊〉 Wi • . 〈◊〉 pont. Sons, Henry, Thomas, and Ralph.

Which Thomas and Ralph, wereMS. 〈◊〉 Wi • . 〈◊〉 pont. both Knights. But of them, all that I have to say, is, First, that Sir Thomas took to WifeRot. 〈◊〉 1 Ric •• • p. 1. m. 〈◊〉 Elizabeth, the eldest of the two Daughters and Coheirs of David de Strabolgy, Earl of Athol; and in 1 Ric. 2. had LiveryRot. 〈◊〉 1 Ric •• • p. 1. m. 〈◊〉 of that purparty of the Inheritance, which Mary de S. Paul, Countess of Pembroke, held in Dower, during her life, after the death of Adomare de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, her Husband; and had issueEsc. 〈◊〉 • 6. n. 3 • . Rot. F ••• 11 H 6. m. 13. by her one Son, viz. Sir Henry Piercy Knight, who left issue two Daughters and Heirs, viz. Elizabeth marriedEsc. 〈◊〉 • 6. n. 3 • . Rot. F ••• 11 H 6. m. 13. to Thomas Burgh Esquire (Ancestor to the late Lord Eurgh) and afterwardsEsc. 〈◊〉 • 6. n. 3 • . Rot. F ••• 11 H 6. m. 13. to Sir William Lucy Knight; and Margaret, first toEsc. 〈◊〉 • 6. n. 3 • . Rot. F ••• 11 H 6. m. 13. Henry, Lord Grey of Codnoure, but afterEsc. 〈◊〉 • 6. n. 3 • . Rot. F ••• 11 H 6. m. 13. to Sir Richard Vere Kt.

Next, that Sir Ralph, uponTho. 〈◊〉 366. • 〈◊〉 that Invasion of the Scots, in 12 Rich. 2. beingTho. 〈◊〉 366. • 〈◊〉 with his elder Brother Henry Ho •• pur, at Newcastle upon Tine. boldly issuedIbid. out against them, and worthily shared in the glory of that victory, obtained by their valiant conduct; where William Douglas, their General, lostIbid. his life. Moreover, that in 14 Rich. 2. he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 14 〈…〉 one of the Commissioners to treat with those from France and Scotland, for observance of the Truce formerly made betwixt this and both those Realms: And lastly, that in 18 Rich. 2. he had a GrantPat. 18 R. • . • . 1. m. 16. of the custody of Barwick u • on Twede, to himself and the Heirs-male of his Body.

I now return to Henry the eldest S on.

This Henry, Henry Hotspur. shortly after the Coronation of King Richard the Second, (at which time his Father was advanced to the Title of Earl) received Ex Coll. R. Gl. S. the Order of Knighthood; and in 8 Rich. 2. was constitutedRo • . S • o • . 8 R▪ 2. m. 9. one of the Commissioners for guarding of the Marches toward Scotland; as also in 9 Rich. 2. GovernorRot. S • o • . 9 R. • . m. 6. of Barwick, and again Warden of the Marches. During which time, he was so activeTho Wal • . 150. n. 20▪ & 30. E • Ypod. 〈◊〉 143. n. 40. against the Scots, that he gave them little rest; whereupon he was, in derision, commonly by them calledTho Wal • . 150. n. 20▪ & 30. E • Ypod. 〈◊〉 143. n. 40. Hotspur.

In this nineth year, upon intelligenceIbid., that the King of France, had a purpose to besiege Calais; being so famousIbid. for his Military skill and valor he was, amongst others, sentIbid. thither for the defence of that place; and having staidIbid. there a while, without any action, grew so impatient, that he made several excursionsIbid. into Picardy, and the parts adjacent; whence he brought much booty: But at length, seeing no likelihood of any Siege there, he returned backIbid. into England.

In 11 Rich. 2. there being those at Court, who enviedTh •• Wal • . 357. Rot. Fran. 〈…〉 m. 21. the fame which he had gained by his valor against the Scots, causedTh •• Wal • . 357. Rot. Fran. 〈…〉 m. 21. the King to send him to Sea, there to repel the French that threatned an Invasion: Which service he readilyTh •• Wal • . 357. Rot. Fran. 〈…〉 m. 21. undertook, and returned with much honor. In the same year the Scots invadingTho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. this Realm, upon the East March, and doing great spoil byTho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. burning and plunder, he encounteringTho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. them near • olston, towards Newcastle u • on Tine, slewTho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. the Earl Douglas with his own hands, and mortally woundedTho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. the Earl of Murret; but pre •• ing over-forward, was at length taken prisoner Tho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. by the Earl of Da • bar, together with his Brother Ralph; and carriedTho Wal • . 366. n 30 & 40. H. Knigh •• 2728. n 50 & 60. Ypod. Neustr. 149. n. 30. into Scotland.

Froisard relateth the story of this skirmish thus Froisard, f. • 36 b. The Scots (saith he) having invaded England, and being come into the Bishoprick of Durham; the Earl of Northumberland sent his two Sons, viz. Sir Henry and Sir Ralph to Newcastle; to which place, the Countrey were appointed to come: whereupon ensued divers light skirmishes, betwixt the English and them, and many proper feats of Arms done. Amongst others (saith he) there fought hand to hand the Earl Douglas, and Sir Henry Percy; and by force of Arms, the Earl won Sir Henry's Penon. Whereupon Sir Henry, and all the English were sore displeased; the Earl saying to him, Sir I shall bear this token of your prowess into Scotland, and shall set it on high on my Castle of Alquest, that it may be seen a • ar off. Which so pro ••• kedIbid▪ 158 b. the Percies, that after divers bold adventures against the Scotch F • rces, at length they obtained the VictoryIbid▪ 158 b., and slew the Earl James Douglas; but Sir Ralph Percy was therein wounded, and taken prisoner by a Scotch Knight: And after this, in anotherIbid. 159 b. encounter this Sir Henry Percy, fighting valiantly with the Lord Mountcumber (a sto • t Knight of Scotland) was by him takenIbid. 159 b. prisoner.

But long he continued not in that restraint: For in 12 Rich. 2. (which was the next ensuing year) it appears, that he was again constituted Rot. 〈◊〉 . 1 • R. 2. m. 5. Warden of the East Marches.

In 13 Rich. 2. this Henry being again at Calais, made several excursionsH Knighto •• 2678. n. 30. towards Boloigne; and from thence wentIbid. 2 • 9 • . n. 10 & 20. to Brest in Britanny, where he first raisedIbid. 2 • 9 • . n. 10 & 20. the Siege of that p •• ce, and after wonIbid. two Bastiles there; one of Timber, which he demolishedIbid.; and another of Stone, which he better fortifiedIbid.. And the same year was madeRot. S • o • . 13 R 2. m. • . General Warden of the West Marches, and soon afterIbid. m. • . of the East March; as also GovernorIbid. m. • . of Carli •• e.

In this year likewise he was retainedPat. 14 R. 2. p. 2. m. 38▪ per Inspex. to serve the King, both in times of Peace and War, from the second of Ianuary, during his whole life; for which he had a GrantPat. 14 R. 2. p. 2. m. 38▪ per Inspex. of one hundred pound per annum, out of the Exchequer. And in 16 R. 2. being recalledYpod. N. 152. Rot. Sco • . 16 Ric. • . m. 2. from Calais, was again made WardenYpod. N. 152. Rot. Sco • . 16 Ric. • . m. 2. of the East Marches, as also Governor Ypod. N. 152. Rot. Sco • . 16 Ric. • . m. 2. of Barwick. In the same year likewise, he was constituted GovernorTho. Wal • . 385. n. 10. of Bourdeaux; and in 17 Rich. 2. oneRot. Sco • . 17 Ric 2. m. 5. of the Commissioners to treat of Peace with the Scots.

In 19 Rich. 2. he was imployedRot Franc. 19 Ric 2. m. 14 into France, and in 22 Rich. 2. being againRot. Sco • . 22 R. 2. m. 5. made General-Warden of the East Marches, metTho. Wal • . 395. n. 30. the Duke of Lancaster at his landing in Holderness.

Soon after which, King Richards deposal ensuing, the Duke of Lancaster obtained the Crown.

In the first year of whose Reign, this Henry was constitutedRot. Sco •• 1 H. 4. m. 14. Warden of the West Marches, SheriffRot. Fin. 1 H. 4. m. 31. of Northumberland, GovernorRot. Sco • . ut sup • a. of the Town of Barwick, and Castle of Rokesburgh, JusticePat. 1 H. 4. p. 1. m. 8. of Che • ter, Northwales, and Flintshire; and had a GrantIbid. m. 12 • . of the Castle and Lordship of Baumburgh, with the Fee-farm of that Town, for term of his life. Moreover, in the same year, he wasPat. 1 H. 4. p. 4. m. 6. made Constable of the Castles of Chester, Flint, Conway, and Caernarvon; and Sheriff of Flintshire for life; and obtained a GrantIbid. m. 7. of the whole County, and Dominion of Anglesey: As also of the Castle of Beaumarys, with the Mannors, Lands, Fee-farms, and Rents thereto belonging, to hold also for term of his life. And in 3 Hen. 4. wasTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40. with his Father in that memorable Battle against the Scots at Hal • idon Hill, where the English obtained a signal VictoryTho. Wal • . 405. n. 40..

But soon after that, the Scene much changed; for this stout and high spirited Horspur, through the solicitationIbid▪ 407. n. 30 & 40. of his Uncle, Thomas Percy, Earl of Worcester, (whom King Richard the Second had so highly advanced, as I shall hereafter shew) joynedIbid. with him in conspiring the ruine of King Henry. To which end, they first made plausibleIbid. pretences, that they did not at all depart from their allegiance; nor raise those Forces which they had then got into Arms, for any other purpose, but the safeguard of themselves, and better Government of the Realm: Gi • ing outIbid., that the Impositions and Taxes, granted to the King for the defence of the Land, were diverted to other uses, and unprofitably consumed. AddingIbid., that, through the malicious suggestions of their Enemies, the King was so displeased with them, that they could not be admitted to manifest their innocency, and to be legally justified by their Peers, until the Lords Spiritual and Temporal had interceded for them. Whereupon Ibid. divers, who saw their Remonstrance, approved of those their endeavors, and extolled their faithfulness, which they thus pretended to the publick.

But afterwards, that they might the sooner captivate the people, they caused it to be told Ibid. throughout the Countrey, that King Richard was alive, and with them; and that in his name, and on his behalf, they thus took up Arms; whom they might see in the Castle at Chester, if they would repair thither, well accoutred to joyn with them. Which fictitious pretences did really stagger many; for a great part of the common people sto • d cordiallyIbid. affected to King Richard, and specially thoseIbid. who knew him, and had obtained Gifts and Fees at his hands.

It is saidLel. Coll. Vol. • . 388. by some, that this Hotspur, raised a great part of his Army in the Marches of Scotland, under colour of advancing into that Realm: And that all his Soldiers wore King Richard the Seconds cognisance, viz. An Hart.

The King therefore, to undeceive such as they had thus deluded; represented to several persons, by his LettersIbid., that the Earl of Nor • humberland, and this Henry his Son, had received a great part of the Money, granted in Parliament, for the defence of the Marches of Scotland (as he could clearly manifest.) And, whereas they had reported, they could not be admitted to his presence, by reason of the false suggestions of their enemies, without the modiation of the Prelates and Temporal Lords▪ that Ibid. he had, under his Royal Signet, declared, They should have free access to him, and recess again, without damage. Adding, That it was their head-strong insolence, scorning his Royal Favor, which prompted them thus to rebel, and march to Shrewsbury, in hopes of assustance from Owen Glendowr, and Edmund Mortimer, with certain of the Cheshiremen and Welsh But seeingIbid. no fair means would avail, considering the haughty spirit of this Hotspur, (though the Earl his Father did not at that time go out of the bounds of his own Countrey) he resolved Ibid. to give him a speedy meeting, before he had got together a powerful Army. And therefore hastedIbid. towards him; he being then near Shrewsbury, with purpose to get into that strong Town.

But Hotspur, hearing of the Kings approach, madeIbid. a stand; and boldly encouragedIbid. his Soldiers to fight with those that thus pursued them, sayingIbid., Stand to it valiantly; for this day will either advance us all, if we conquer, or free us from the Kings power, if we be overcome; it being more honorable to fall in Battle for the publick good, then after the fight to die by the Sentence of an Enemy. With whom all his Army concurredIbid., (which wasIbid. to the number of Fourteen thousand choice Men, who had resolved to live and die with him) having gotIbid. the advantage of the Ground.

Both sides being thus prepared, the Abbot of Shrewsbury, and Clerk of the Privy Seal, were sentIbid. by the King, to offer pardon to this stout Hotspur, in case he would lay down Arms.

Whereupon he sentIbid. his Uncle Thomas, Earl of Worcester, to the King, to let him know the cause of this their hostile appearance, and to require effectual satisfaction. It is saidIbid., that the King did assent to whatsoever was reasonable, and stooped farther then became His Royal Dignity to do: But, that the Earl, when he returned to his Nephew, misrepresented his expressions, and exasperated him (though unwillingly) to fight; so that he forthwith beganIbid. the Battle upon the Eve of S. Mary Magdalen, An. 1403. which was foughtTho Wa •• 409. n. 30. with extraordinary courage on both sides; insomuch, as great slaughter ensuing, many of the Royalists forsookIbid. the Field, supposingIbid. the King had been slain.

In which heat Hotspur himself, and the Earl Douglas (whose valor wasIbid. beyond expression) bentIbid. all their aim at the person of the King, with their Swords and Lances furiously making towards him.

Which being discernedIbid. by the Earl of Dunbar, he withdrewIbid. him from his station, whereby his life was then saved; for they flew Ibid. his Standard-Bearer, and those who were with it; and missing of him, most desperately, charged Ibid. into the midst of their Enemies; whereupon Hotspur suddenly fellIbid., though by what hand, not known. Whose death immediately occasioned an utter routIbid. of his whole party; in which the Earl Douglas was takenIbid., so likewise the Earl of Worcester; the unhappy instrument of all this mischeif.

By Elizabeth, the eldest DaughterMon. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 2. p. 228 〈◊〉 n. 30. to Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, this courageous Hotspur left issue one Son, viz. Henry, and one Daughter called Elizabeth, firstEx Au •••• ▪ in Castro de Skipton. married to Iohn Lord Clifford, and afterwards toMS. peres W. 〈◊〉 Rot. Pip. 5 H •• 6. Wes •• . • alph Nevill, the second Earl of Westmorland of that Family. Which Elizabeth, in 5 Hen. 5. had LiveryClaus 5. H. 5. p▪ 2. m 9. of the Mannor of Newburne in Com. Northumbr. setled on her for term of life, by Henry, Earl of Northumberland, her late Husbands Father.

This Henry (the Son of Hotspur) beingTho. Wa •• 43 • . young when his Father was slain,Henry. and carriedTho. Wa •• 43 • . into Scotland, by the Earl his Grandfather, had much compassionTho. Wa •• 43 • . shewed him by King Henry the Fifth; who purposingTho. Wa •• 43 • . to restore him to the Title and Dignity, which by the Rebellion of his Grandfather was thus lost, commandedTho. Wa •• 43 • ., That he should not want any thing that was necessary for him to have; and sentPat. 3 H. • . p. 2. m. 6. the Lord Grey of Codnovre, and Sir Iohn Nevill, to bring him thence into England again. Moreover, in regardPat 3 H • . p. • . m. 27., that Iohn Duke of Bedford, (Brother to the King) had then the possession of his whole Inheritance (so forfeited by his Father and Grandfather, as hath been observed) he gave Pat 3 H • . p. 2. m. 27. unto that Duke, in recompence thereof, an Annuity of Three thousand marks; whereof one thousand to be paid out of his Exchequer, and two thousand out of his Receipt of the Dutchy of Cornwal, until he should settle other Lands upon him, and his heirs, of an equivalent value. And, in the Parliament, begun in the second year of His Reign, did 〈…〉 accordingly restore him to that Honor. Whereupon, by his humble Petition 〈…〉 , shewing how the King had enabled him to be Earl of Northumberland, notwithstanding the forfeitures of Henry his Father, or of Henry his Grandfather; he prayed restitution in Blood, and to all 〈◊〉 • H. 5. • . 17. those Hereditaments of his Ancestors formerly entailed. Which being granted 〈◊〉 Parl. • H. 5. n. • 2., he then did 〈◊〉 Parl. • H. 5. n. • 2. his homage; and for better confirmation of the dignity of Earl, obtained a formal Charter 〈◊〉 3 & 4 H • . n. 6. of Creation thereunto, with the Fee of twenty pound per annum, Nomine Comitis, out of the profits of that County.

All which being thus done, in 4 〈◊〉 5. he was constituted 〈◊〉 Sco • . 4 H. • m 8. General-Warden of the Marches of Scotland; and retainedEx Autogr. 〈…〉 Pell. to serve the King in his expedition, then designed for France. In 5 Hen. 5. he continued 〈◊〉 Fran • . 5 H. 5. m. 13. in the Wars of France; and in 6 Hen. 5. was made WardenRo • . Sco • . 6 H. 5. m. 6. of the East Marches, as also Governor Ro • . Sco • . 6 H. 5. m. 6. of Barwick.

Likewise, in 1 Hen. 6. he was again constituted Ro • . Sco • . 1 H. 6. m. 10. General-Warden of the East Marches, and oneIbid. m. 5. of the Commissioners to treat with Iames the First, King of Scotland, touching a final Peace betwixt both Realms; as also to Ibid. m. 5. conduct that King from the City of Durham into Scotland. Moreover, in 11 Hen. 6. he was one of the Commissioners assignedRo • . Sco • . 11 H. 6. m. 1. to meet with others from the King of Scotland, touching satisfaction for the wrongs done by the Subjects of either Kingdom, contrary to the Articles of Truce. And in 12 Hen. 6. consideringPat. 12 H. 6. p. 1. m. 5. the Town of Alnwike, situate upon the Marches of Scotland, to be an open place, and not at all defensible; by reason whereof much mischeif had been frequently done to it, upon several Incursions of the Scots; he obtained LicensePat. 12 H. 6. p. 1. m. 5. of the King, to environ it with an Imbattelled Wall of Stone; and to erect such defensible Turrets thereon, as should be most expedient.

Likewise, in 14 Hen. 6. upon information given to the King, that the Scots intended to besiege Barwick, he had special SummonsRot. Sco • . 14 H. 6. m 1. to prepare himself for the defence of that place. And in 16 Hen. 6. by reasonPat. 16 H. 6. p. 2. m. 17. of his good service done, and to be done, had a GrantPat. 16 H. 6. p. 2. m. 17. of one hundred pounds per annum, during his life, to be paid out of the Lordship of Bradwel in Essex.

In 21 Hen. 6. this Earl gavePat. 21 H 6. p. 2. m. 19. the Advowson of the Church of Harncliffe, and three Acres of Land, lying within the Precincts of that Mannor, to the Masters and Scholars of Vniversity Colledge in Oxford, and their Successors for ever: And in 28 Hen. 6. was constitutedPat. 28 H. 6. p. 2. m. 〈◊〉 Constable of England, to exercise that Office by himself, or his sufficient Deputy. Moreover, in 30 Hen. 6. he was again assignedRo • . Sco • . 30 H 6. m. 1. one of the Commissioners to treat with others from Scotland, upon the Articles signed by Iames the First, King of that Realm. But in 33 Hen. 6. as a stout Assertor of the Lancastrian Interest, lost P • lid. Virg. 5 • 3. n. 40. his life in the first Battle at S. Albans, and was buried 〈◊〉 ib. in the Abby-Church there; being then seisedLib. Cedul. p. 667. of the Castle and Lordship of Alnwike, with its appurtenances, viz. The Borough of Alnwike and Alnmouth, with the Towns of Alnwike, Cesbury, Houghton, Chatton, Alnham, &c. in Com. Northumbr. As alsoIbid. of the Castle and Mannor of Prudhow and Birkley, with their Members. Moreover, of the Castle of Werkworth, and Mannors of Werkworth, Corbrigge, and Newburne, in the same County. Likewise, of a certain House called Percy's Inne, situate in the Parish of S. Dyonise within the City of York. Furthermore of the Mannors of Topcliffe and Spofford, with the Advowson of the Church of Don •• ngton, the Mannors of Lethlay, Shothorpe, G • gle • wike, Scarnboton ali • s Langstrother, Cad • aster, Catton, with the Advowson of the Church. Pocklington, Nafferton, Humandby, Semar, and Kirk-Levington, in Com. Ebor. The Mannor of Dagenham and Cokerell, in Com. Essex. Of the Mannors of Swaby, Brinkell, Laughten, Saucethorp, Haghe, Ulseby, Fulne • by, Horsington, Herningby, Dxcumbe, Farforth, Witherne, Gayton, Haveringham, Lasseby, Claythorp, Malb • rthorp, Fedelthorp, Crusthorp, Sutten, Hotoff, Anderby, Asserby, Louthford, Cobbenham, Thorpe juxta Louthe, Imingham, Wickerby, To •• e, Neuton, Snellesland, Reresby, Dykering, Carleton, Preston, Legbuene, Welton juxta Thwayte, Urby, Athenby, Hotby, Hamore, Loughoworsby, Saxelby, Sumerby, Thornton, Rathorpe, Staine • on, Thorpe juxta Lathford, Garnethorpe, Louthney, Horkelaw, Riggesby, Willingham, West • angby, Fanthorpe, Kenermond, Covenham, and Worldby, in Com. Line. Of the Mannor of Fo •• on in Com. Leic. Of the Castle and Honor of Cokermouth; the Mannors of Papcastre, Aspatrike, Wighton, Brathwait, Cameswater, Dene, Caldbeck, Ulmedale, and moity of the Mannor of Ki • kbrigge; the Advowsons of the Churches of Dene, and Ki • kbrigge, Ulmeda • e, and Chappel of S. Leonard, at Wighton, in Com. Cumbr. Likewise of the fourth part of the Barony of Egremond, with its Appurtenances, in the same County; and the Advowson of the Church of Wadwinch. Moreover, of Four thousand Acres of Pasture and Heath; and Four thousand Acres of Wood, with the Appurtenances in the Westward, and Allerdale, parcel of the Mannor of Wighton, in the same County, leaving issue by Eleanor his Wife, DaughterPat. 25 H. 6. p. 1. m. • . Mon Angglic. Vol. 〈◊〉 158 a. of Ralph, Earl of Westmorland, and WidowPat. 25 H. 6. p. 1. m. • . Mon Angglic. Vol. 〈◊〉 158 a. of Richard Lord Spenser, nine Sons, viz. Henry, who succeeded him in his Honors, beingLib. Cedul. ut supra. thirty years of age at that time; Iohn, who diedVinc. correct. in his Childhood; Sir Thomas Percy Knight afterwards advanced Pat 28 H. 6 • p. 1. m 10. to the Title of Lord Egremond; Sir Ralph Percy Knight; Iohn Vinc. ut supra., Henry Vinc. ut supra., William, Chancellor Vinc. ut supra. of the University of Cambridge, and afterwards BishopGodw. 〈◊〉 Presul. of Carli •• e; Sir Richard Godw. 〈◊〉 Presul. Percy Knight; and George Vinc. •• t •• pra., a Prebend in the Collegiate Church at Beverley. As also two Daughters, Katherine, WifeIbid. of Edmund Gray, Earl of Kent; and Anne, firstIbid. married to Sir Thomas Hungerford Knight, afterwardIbid. to Sir Laurence Rainsford Knight; and lastlyIbid., to Sir Hugh Vaughan Knight.Henry. Which Henry (his eldest Son and Successor) was in 20 Hen. 6. by Indenture Claus. 31 〈…〉 m. 30. bearing date 6 Martii, retained to serve the King, as Governor of the Town and Castle of Barwick; as also of the whole East Marches of Scotland, for the term of ten years, the next ensuing; taking in the time of War, Fiv • thousand pounds per annum; and in times 〈◊〉 Peace, Two thousand five hundred. And so the custody of the Castle, Five hundred pound per annum, in time of War; and in time of Pea •• or Truce, an hundred marks. Moreover, 〈◊〉 24 Hen. 6. by another IndentureClaus. 31 〈…〉 m. 30., dated 15 De • he was again retained for seven years longer, for the like wages: But in 31 Hen. 6. the King came to an AgreementIbid. with him, thenceforth to take Two thousand five hundred sixty six pounds thirteen shillings four pence sterling per annum, as well in •• imes of War as Peace. And having marriedEsc. 25 H. 6. n. 24. Eleanor, Daughter and Heir to Richard, Son and Heir to Robert, Lord Poynings, had LiveryPat. 25 H. 6. p. 1. m. 13. of all the Lands of her Inheritance in 25 Hen. 6. Furthermore, in 27 Hen. 6. in considerationPat. 27 H. 6. p. 1. m. 20. of his good services, performed in the Marches of Scotland, had a GrantPat. 27 H. 6. p. 1. m. 20. of part of the Goods and Chattels of Sir Robert Ogle Knight, then outlawed; and was, during his Fathers life time, viz. from 27 till 33 Hen. 6. inclusive, summonedClaus. de iisdem Ann. in dorso. to Parliament as Lord Poynings; the Writ running thus, Henrico Percy de Poynings Chivaler. And in 29 Hen. 6. by the title of Sir Henry Percy Knight, Lord Poynings, was constitutedRot Scoc. 29 H. 6. m. 1. one of the Commissioners to treat with the Ambassadors of Iames the second, King of Scotland, touching Peace betwixt both Realms. So likewiseRot. Scoc. 30 H. 6. m. 1. in 30 Hen. 6. to treat with Iames Douglas, upon those Articles by him signed; and in 31 Hen. 6. constituted GovernorRot. Scoc. 31 H. 6. m. 2. of the Town and Castle of Barwick, and Warden of the East Marches. For which service he had an allowanceClaus. 31 H. 6. m. 1. of One thousand twenty six pound nine shillings half penny farthing per annum. All this being in his Fathers life time.

In considerationRot. Fin. 35 H 6. m. 6. therefore of his many good services, viz. In the custody of the Town of Barwick, and Wardenship of the East Marches; as also in repellingRot. Fin. 35 H 6. m. 6. the Scots upon their Siege of that Town and Castle, to his great expences; he had, in 35 Hen. 6. Further LiveryRot. Fin. 35 H 6. m. 6. of all his Lands, without any Inquisition taken for proof of his age; and was dischargedRot. Fin. 35 H 6. m. 6. of his Releif. And in 38 Hen. 6. constitutedPat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 13. Justice of all the Forests beyond Trent.

But the next ensuing year, fightingPolyd. Vir. p 511. • el. Coll. Vol. 1. 715. stoutly on the Kings part, upon Palm-Sunday at Towton Field in Yorkshire, was slainPolyd. Vir. p 511. • el. Coll. Vol. 1. 715. in that fatal Battle; leaving issue by the before specified Eleanor his Wife, Henry his Son and Heir, and three Daughters, viz. Catal. of Nobil. by R. B. Elizabeth, married to Henry Lord Scrope of Bolton; Eleanor to Reginald West, Lord la Warre; and Margaret to Sir William Gascoigne, of Gauthorpe, in Comit. Ebor. Knight.

Which Henry, Henry. in 10 Edw. 4. was constituted Rot. Scoc. 10 Ed. 4. m. 3. Warden of the East and Middle Marches toward Scotland; and after the Surrender made by Iohn, Marquess Montacute, of his title to the Earldom of Northumberland, the same year (whereof in my discourse of him I have spoke) was restored to that dignity: Also by that title, he was, the same year, constitutedRot. Scoc. 10 Ed. 4. m. 3. one of the Commissioners to treat with others sent from the King of Scotland, for redressing of certain wrongs done to the Subjects of both Kingdoms, contrary to the Articles of Truce formerly made. Moreover, in 11 Edw. 4. he was constituted Justice Pat. 11 Ed. 4. p. 1. m. 25. of all the Forests beyond Trent, as also Pat. 11 Ed. 4. p. 1. m. 25. Constable of Bamburgh Castle. He was likewise the same year sentEx Autogr. • penes Cleric. Pell. into the North, there to reside for the more peaceable Government of those parts. And in 12 Edw. 4. was retained Rot. Scoc. 1 • Ed. 4. m. 24., as Warden of the East and West Marches, for the term of five years, to begin at Midsummer the same year; and to receive two thousand marks per annum, in time of Peace; and in time of War, six thousand marks.

In this year also, he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 12 Ed. 4. • . 19. one of the Commissioners to treat with those from Scotland, touching the redress of such injuries as had been done contrary to the before specified Articles of Truce. So likewiseRot. Scoc. 13 Ed. 4. m. 15. in 13 Edw. 4. The Treaty being appointedRot. Scoc. 13 Ed. 4. m. 15. at Alnwike. And in 14 Edw. 4. madeRo • . Scoc. 14 Ed. 4. • . • . one of the Commissioners for the guarding of the East and West M •• ches. Moreover, in 15 Edw. 4. being to goPat. 15 • 4. p 2. m. 12. in a voyage Royal with the King, he had, in consideration thereof, LicensePat. 15 • 4. p 2. • . 12. to settle his Lordships of Pokelington, Hundemanby, Semar, Thurstanby, Raincliff, and Naffreton, in Com. Ebor. to such uses as he should think fit.

In this fifteenth of Edward the Fourth, being retainedClaus. 15 Ed. 4. m. 26. together with Robert Multon, Prior of S. Iohns of Ierusalem, jo • ntly and severally, to be Warden of the East and Middle Marches, towards Scotland, from the fourteenth day of Iune, for seven years; they were, for that service, to receive in gross, for the time of War six thousand marks, and in times of Peace or Truce two thousand marks; but when this Earl (who was then in the Kings service beyond Sea) should return, the authority of the Prior to be wholly superseded.

Not long after this, viz. in 10 Edw. 4. he accompanied Polyd. 〈◊〉 . 538. n. • 0. Richard, Duke of Glocester, in that Army then sent into Scotland, where they madePolyd. 〈◊〉 . 538. n. • 0. great devastation; and in 1 Rich. 3. was constitutedPat. 1 R. 3. p. 1. Lord High Chamberlain of England. In the third year of whose Raign, upon the landingPolyd. 〈◊〉 . 561. n. • 0. of Henry, Earl of Richmond, being sentPolyd. 〈◊〉 . 561. n. • 0. for by King Richard, he repairedPolyd. 〈◊〉 . 561. n. • 0. to him with all the strength he could make; and stoutly fightingIbid. 564. n. 10. on his part at Bosworth Field (where the King was slain) being there taken prisonerIbid. 564. n. 10., remained longIbid. 564. n. 10. in durance; yet at length finding favor from King Henry the Seventh, was madeCa • al. of Nobil by R. B. one of his Privy Council.

But so it hapned, that in 4 Hen. 7. being Lieutenant Polyd. Vi • . 579. n. 30. of Yorkshire, and commandedPolyd. Vi • . 579. n. 30. by the King to levy those Moneys, which were then extorted from the Countrey, to carry on the War in Britanny; the vulgar, conceivingPolyd. Vi • . 579. n. 30. him to be the cause of that Tax, tumultuously murdredPolyd. Vi • . 579. n. 30. him at Cockledge near Threske (eighteen miles North of York) uponPolyd. Vi • . 579. n. 30. the day of S. Vitalis the Martyr. Whereupon he was buried 〈…〉 at Beverley, where he hath a stately Monument, but much defaced.

By Mau •• his Wife, DaughterCatal of Nobil by R. • . to William Herbert, the first Earl of Pembroke of that name, he left issueCatal of Nobil by R. • . four Sons, viz. Henry, his Successor in the Honor; Sir William Percy Knight; Alan a Clerk; and Iosceline; from whom Perey of Beverley, in Com. Ebor. is descended 〈…〉 : And three Daughters, Eleanor, Wife 〈…〉 of Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, Anne married 〈…〉 to William Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arimdel, and Elizabeth 〈…〉 , who died young.

Which Henry was 〈…〉 one of the cheif Commanders of the Kings Forces in that Battle of Black-Heath, against the Lord Audley, and his Fellow Rebels, in 12 Hen. 7. And in 13 Hen. 7. had LiveryPat. 13 H. • p. 1. of his Lands.

Moreover, in 4 Hen. 8. he wasHerb. H •• . H. • . p. 36. at the Siege of Terouene in France; and in 15 Hen. 8. as CosinPat. 15 • . 8. p. • . and Heir to Sir Edward Poynings Knight, viz. Pat. 15 • . 8. p. • . Son of Henry, Son of Eleanor, Daughter of Richard, Son of Robert, late Lord Poynings, Bryan, and Fitz-Pain, had LiveryIbid. of all the Lands of the said Edward; and departedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. this life in 18 Hen. 8. leaving issueCatal. of Nob. by R. B., by Katherine his Wife, DaughterCatal. of Nob. by R. B. and Coheir of Sir Robert Spenser Knight, and of the Lady Eleanor his Wife, Daughter of Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, (and Sister and Coheit to Henry and Edmund, her Brothers) three Sons, viz. Henry, his Successor, Sir Thomas Percy Knight, who took to WifeId. Iti •• Vol. 5. f. 88. Eleanor, one of the Daughters and Heirs to Sir Guischard Harbo • tle Knight, and Sir Ingelram Percy Knight; as also two Daughters, viz. Margaret, WifeIbid. of Henry, Lord Clifford, the first Earl of Cumberland, of that name; and c Mand, marriedMS. penès 〈◊〉 Car. Fairfax to the Lord Coniers.

Which Catherine, by her TestamentMS. penès 〈◊〉 Car. Fairfax. bearing date 14 Octob. An. 1542. (34 Hen. 8.) bequeathed her Body to be buried at Beverley, in the Tomb of the late Earl her Husband; and likewise gave unto Sir Robert Gell her Chaplain, her Lease at Wilberfosse, to sing Mass yearly for her Soul, and her Husbands Soul.

I come now to Henry, the succeeding Earl.

This Henry, Henry. beingHerb. Hist. H. • . 257. • 258. in his youthful days an attendant upon the great Cardinal Woolsey, took an affectionHerb. Hi • t. H. • . 257. • 258. to Anne Bolein (Daughter of Sir Thomas Boleign Knight) then one of the Maids of Honor to Queen Catherine: But therein so displeased the King (who was himself at the same time high enamoredHerb. Hi • t. H. • . 257. • 258. of her) that he setHerb. Hi • t. H. • . 257. • 258. on the Cardinal, to acquaint the Earl his Father therewith, and to take him off from any farther addresses to her. Which he didIbid., by such sharp language, as caused his Son ever after to bear hatredIbid. to the Cardinal.

In 19 Hen. 8. he had LiveryPat. 19 H. 6. p. 1. • of all the Lands descended to him, as Heir to his Father; and in 21 Hen. 8. wasHerb. Hist. H. 8. p. 274. one of the Lords, that subscribed those Articles, exhibited to the King against the Cardinal. So likewiseIbid. p. 306., to that Letter sent to Pope Clement the Seventh, whereby intimation was given to him, from most of the English Nobility, that in case he did not comply with King Henry in that cause of his intended divorce, they would quit his Supremacy.

And in 22 Hen. 8. being sentCatal of Nob. by R. B. by the Kings Commission to arrest the Cardinal, and to deliver him to George, Earl of Shrewsbury, at Sheffield Castle, he undertook the service, but toldHerb. Hist. H. 8. p. 313. the Earl, That the King commanded he should be used kindly, as one whom he highly favored. And havingCatal of Nob. by R. B. married Mary, Daughter to that Earl (which his Father had caused him to do, to prevent him of Anne Boleigne) died 〈…〉 without issue at his House in Hackney, 29 Iunii, 29 Hen. 8. And was burled 〈…〉 in the Quire there. But consideringHerb. Hist. H. 8. p. 4 • 8., sometime before his death, that his younger Brother Sir Thomas Percy Knight, had been in that Insurrection in Yorkshire, called The Pilgrimage of Grace, in 29 Hen. 8. and was therefore attaintedHerb. Hist. H. 8. p. 4 • 8. (having suffered death atLel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 5. fol. 88. Tiburne) he gaveHerb. Hist. H. 8. ut supra. away a great part of his Lands to the King, and others.

By reason of all which, the title of this Earldom slept until Queen Mary, 〈◊〉 revived it to Thomas Percy, Son to the said Sir Thomas, so attainted as abovesaid. Which Thomas, upon the thirtieth of April, 3 & 4 Phil. & Mar. was first, by the favor of that Queen, advancedPat. 〈…〉 4 〈◊〉 . & M • . p. 10. to the degree of a Baron, by the title of Lord Percy, with an Intail of that Honor upon the Heirs-male of his Body and the day following toIbid. the dignity of Earl of Northumberland, with limitation likewise of that Honor to the Heirsmale of his Body; and for default of such issue, to Henry his Brother, and to the Heirs-male of his Body.

And not long after this, viz. in 4 & 5 Phil. & Mar. was constitutedPat 4 • 5 Phil. & Ma. part. 8. a Commissioner (with Thomas Lord Wharton, joyntly or severally) for the guarding of the Middle Marches toward Scotland; as alsoCamd Eliz. p. 572. in those Wars of Scotland, which hapned in that Queens time. And in 1 Eliz. being madePat. 1 Eliz. p. 4. General Warden of the East Marches, andIbid. Middle Marches, was soon after constitutedCamd Eliz▪ p. 18 & 19. one of the Commissioners for treating of Peace betwixt 〈◊〉 and Scotland; and likewise, betwixt England and France.

But in 12 Eliz. being privyIbid. 165▪ to the intended Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scotland, (then prisoner in England,) with the Duke of Norfolk; and sensible of the danger, was constrained to submitIbid. 165▪ himself to the Earl of Sussex, at that time President of the North; desiring his intercession unto Queen Elizabeth, on his behalf. Howbeit, after this, there being a rumorIbid. 16 • ., that multitudes of people resorted to him, and likewise to the Earl of Westmorland; the Lord President sentIbid. 16 • . for them both, and representing to them, what he had heard, they utterly disclaimed Ibid. 16 • . the guilt of any conspiracy at all; assuring Ibid. 16 • . him, that they would adventure their lives against all Traytors whatsoever: Nevertheless, certain it is, that he endeavoredIbid. 16 • . Holingsh. Chron. to raise what Forces he could; whereof the Queen having advertisement, she sent her LettersIbid. 16 • . Holingsh. Chron. to him, requiring his speedy repair to the Court. Which when he had read (being a person of an easie temper) and consciousIbid. 16 • . Holingsh. Chron. of his own affection to the Romish Religion; and beign not a little exasperated, by reason that a rich Mine of Copper in his own Land, was adjudged a Mine-Royal, and consequently to belong to the Crown; he became so staggeredIbid. 16 • . Holingsh. Chron., that he knew not which way to turn himself; whether to submit to the Queens mercy, • rge • away by flight, or break out into open Rebellion.

His friends and followers therefore discerning him thus to waver, causedCamd. • liz. p. 167. one Beckwith, his servant, to come to his Chamber door in the night, and to alarm him with a report, that his enemies (viz. Sir Oswald Vlstrop, and Master Vaughan) had beset his Park with a great number of Men: And, to the end he might not be wanting to himself, his relations, and friends, and to the Religion of his Forefathers; they told himCamd. • liz. p. 167., that all the Catholicks in England were ready prepared to assert that Religion; and caused Camd. • liz. p. 167. the Bells to ring backwards, to raise the Countrey Which put him into so great a consternation, that he presently rose 〈…〉 out of his Bed, and fled 〈…〉 privily to his Keepers House, near Topcliffe (for at Topcliffe he then was) and thence 〈…〉 the next night to Branspeth, (in the Bishoprick of Durham) to the Earl of Westmorland; where a multitude of their Confederates being met, they set out ProclamationsHoling 〈◊〉 ut supra. in the Queens Name, commanding the people to put themselves in Arms, for the defence of Her Majesties Person. SometimesHoling 〈◊〉 ut supra. affirming, That what they did, was with the advice and consent 〈1 page〉 who died young; 〈◊〉 , married to Philip Earl of Chesterfield, Elizabeth to Arth • r, Earl of Essex, and Lucy who died young. And to his second Wife, Elizabeth, Daughter to 〈◊〉 , Earl of Suffolk, by whom he had issue Ioceline, his Son and Heir; as also one Daughter called Elizabeth, who died in her Childhood. And departing this life, 13 Oct. An. 1668. was buried at Petworth.

Which Iosceline, 〈◊〉 succeeding him in his Lands and Honors, took to Wife Elizabeth, the third Daughter and Coheir to Thomas, Earl of Southampton, Lord Treas •••• of England, (sole Daughter and Heir to Elizabeth his second Wife, Daughter and Coheir to Francis, Earl of Chichester) by whom he had issue one Son called Henry, who died an Infant; and two Daughters, viz. Elizabeth, now surviving; and Henrietta, who died soon after her Baptism: And departing this life beyond the Seat, at Turin in Savoy, at May, An. 1670. was buried with his Ancestors at Perworth.

Sir Thomas Percy, Earl of Worcester, a Younger Brother to Henry, the First Earl of Northumberland.

THis Sir Thomas, in 44 Edw. 3. wasFroisard, 171 • . with the Black Prince at Bergerath, to defend the Frontiers against the French; andFroisard, 171 • . shortly after, marched with the Duke of Lancaster to Mountpaon, which was then rendredIbid. 175 a. to him.

Moreover, in 46 Edw. 3. he was Seneschal Ibid. 182 b. of Lymosin; and after that, (the same year) takenIb. 183 b. Tho. Wals. 183. n. 40. prisoner by the French; but the year following had his enlargement, the Castle of Lymosin being • ivenIb. 183 b. Tho. Wals. 183. n. 40. up for his Redemption. And in 50 Edw. 3. in considerationPat. 50 Ed. 3. p. • . m. 1 • . of his good services had an annuityPat. 50 Ed. 3. p. • . m. 1 • . of one hundred marks per annum given to hi • out of the Exche •• er, during his life. As also forPat. 1 H. 4. p. 3. m. 4. per Inspex. the like services to the Block Pri ••• , 〈◊〉 GrantPat. 1 H. 4. p. 3. m. 4. per Inspex. from him of an hundred mar ••• per 〈◊〉 , out of his Excheq • er at Carnarvon.

In 1 Rich. 2. he wasTh. 〈◊〉 . 194. n. 40. at the Coronation of that King (his Brother Henry being then MarshalTh. 〈◊〉 . 194. n. 40. of England.) And in • Rich. 2. being made Admiral 〈…〉 of the Northern S • as, associated 〈…〉 with Sir Hugh 〈◊〉 Knight (then recalled from Calais) had of their Reci • ue 〈…〉 Seven hundred and twenty Men at Arms, Seven hundred seventy five Arche • s, and one hundred forty Balisters (id est, Cross-Bow Men.) And meeting 〈…〉 with seven Ships, and one Man of War, laden with Wine, brought 〈…〉 them all into Bristol.

In this year also, he was (amongst other brave Men) sentIbid. 238. • . 30. into France, in aid of the Duke of Britanny; but in that expedition, having a great lossIbid. 238. n. 30. by shipwrack, and other misfortunes, most of that Fleet were lostIbid. 2 •• . n. 20, 30 & 40., and the rest dispersed; himself looking also to perish, being 〈◊〉 Ibid. 2 •• . n. 20, 30 & 40. by a Spanish Vessel; but quitted himself so valiantly, that after a sharp fight of three hours, he boarded the Spaniard, and brought Ibid. 2 •• . n. 20, 30 & 40. it safe to Land. And having pawnedIbid. & 243 • . it for a 〈◊〉 pound, seeIbid. out to Sea again, towards the Castle of Brest, whereof himself, and Sir Hugh Calveley were Governors: In which adventure he sped so well, as that though others suffered great loss, yet both himself, with all his Soldiers and Horses returnedIbid. safe.

About this time he was also joyned inRot. Scoc. 2 R. 2. • . 4. Commission with the Bishop of Her • ford, and others, for reforming of all things done contrary to the Articles of Peace, formerly established betwixt King Edward the Third, and David de Bru • , of Scotland. And in 3 Rich. 2. being Rot. 〈◊〉 . 3 R 2 〈◊〉 21. Th. Wals. 247. 〈…〉 one of the cheif Commanders in that Army, whereof Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham was General; landingRot. 〈◊〉 . 3 R 2 • 21. Th. Wals. 247. • . 〈◊〉 at Calais, marchedRot. 〈◊〉 . 3 R 2 • 21. Th. Wals. 247. • . 〈◊〉 thorow all France into Britanny, without damage.

In 4 Rich. 2. he was imployedTho. 〈◊〉 284. • . 40. with the same Earl of Buckingham, to suppress that Insurrection then made by the Commons in Essex, (which were the remnant of them that rose with Iack Straw.) And was after sentIbid. 〈◊〉 . with the Earl of Wa • wick, to execute Justice upon that rabble which had committed great outrages at S. Aldans.

In this year also, he again accompanied 〈◊〉 . 237 a. the same Earl of Buckingham to 〈◊〉 , where he rode 〈◊〉 . 237 a. with his Banner displayed; and was with him at the SiegeIbid 247 & 248. of • antes in B •• tanny; but the Duke of Britanny not coming to their aid, he went with that Earl from thenceIbid 247 & 248. to Uannes, to refresh their Army. And in 5 Rich. 2. was made CaptainRot. 〈◊〉 . 5 • . 2. • 4. of the Castle at Brest; likewiseRot. 〈◊〉 6 R. • . m. 25., in 6 Rich. 2. of the Town.

In 7 Rich. 2. he was joyned in Commission Rot. 〈◊〉 . 7 R. 2. m. 15. with Iohn, Duke of Lancaster, and others, to treat with those from Flanders, for the appeasing of certain differences betwixt the English and them. So likewiseIbid. m. 〈◊〉 ., with other Commissioners from the King of France, touching Peace betwixt both Realitis.

The same year also, he was constitutedRot. Sco •• 7 R. 2. m. 5. one of the Commissioners for the guarding of the East March •• ; so likewi • eIbid. m. • . for the reception of those twenty four thousand marks, which were to be paid, in full satisfaction of the hundred thousand marks for the ransom of David de Brus, H. of Scotland. In which year, upon the departure • of Sir William de Beanchamp, and those of the English who besieged Ipre, he cameFroisard 107 a. to them from Spruce.

In 8 Rich. 2. he was again constitutedRot. 〈◊〉 8 R. 2. m. 12. Admiral of the Kings Fleet, from the River of Thames Northwards; as also retained by Indenture Claus. 8 R. 2. m. 27., to be Governor of the Castle at Brest, from Candlemas day, for one whole year; receiving Claus. 8 R. 2. m. 27. for that service, over and above the profits thence arising, by Redemptions, Rents, Customs, &c. Four thousand marks; as also two hundred and fifty marks every quarter, for the costs and charges incident to that Castle; but in case of Truce, no more then three thousand marks, and two hundred and fifty marks a quartor. And for the better security of what was in arre •• to him, for those former years that he had been Governor thereof, and payment of those sums thus covenanted, he wasClaus. 8 R. 2. m. 27. to receive five shillings for every Sack of Wool out of those parts, whence his payment was assigned.

In 10 Rich. 2. he was madeH. Kingh ••• 2676. n. 60. Admiral of the 〈◊〉 , for that great Army of twenty thousand (whereof two thousand were Horse, and eight thousand Archers) sent into Spain, with Iohn of Gant, D. of Lancaster, called King of Castile and Leon, in rightFroisard 64 b. of Constance his Wife; and then goingFroisard 64 b. to recover that her Inheritance. In 13 Rich. 2. he was constitutedPat. 13 R. 2. p. 3. m. 14. Justice of South Wales. And the same year, being then Vice-ChamberlainPat. 1 H. 4. p 3. m. 14. per Inspex. to the King, had a GrantPat. 1 H. 4. p 3. m. 14. per Inspex. of the Castle of Emelin in South Wales. And the next year following, upon surrender of that Grant, obtained anotherIbid.; as alsoIbid. of Huckick in Com. Carnarvon, with the Commot there.

In 15 Rich. 2. he was madeRot. Franc. 15 R. 2. m. 1. one of the Commissioners for treating of Peace betwixt the English and French. Which Treaty was held atFroisard, 227 b. Amiens. And likewise JusticePat. 15 R 2. p. • . m. 9. of South Wales. And in 16 Rich. 2. beingRot. Fran. 1 R • . m. 5. then Steward of the Kings Houshold, was sentRot. Fran. 1 R 2. m. 5. Ambassador into France. In 18 Rich. 2. he was sent again Rot. Franc. 18 R. 2. m. 12. into France. Moreover, he was the same year retained 〈◊〉 ipso antogr. penès Cleric. Pell. by Indenture to serve the King in Ireland, with twenty Men at Arms, and forty Archers on Horsback; as also with ten Archers on Foot. And in 20 Rich. 2. surrendringPat. 1 H. 4. p. 3. m. 14. per Inspex. his Patent of an hundred marks per annum, formerly given to him by Edward the Black Prince; had another GrantPat. 1 H. 4. p. 3. m. 14. per Inspex. of the like sum, to be paid, during his life, out of the Kings Exchequer at Kaermerdin.

Moreover, besides all these favors, upon Saturday, the Feast of S. Michael, in 21 Rich. 2. he was advancedTh. Wals. 392. Rot. Parl. 21 R. 2. n. ... Pat. 1 H. 4. p. 3. m. 14. per Inspex. to the Title of Earl of Worcester; and in Ianuary following, made Captain Rot. Franc. 21 R. 2. m. 6. of the Town and Castle of Calais, as alsoRot. Franc. 21 R. 2. m. 6. of the Marches belonging thereto In this year he was likewise retainedEx autogr. penès Cleric. pell. to serve the King with forty Men at Arms, and an hundred Archers, in Ireland. Also inIbid. 22 Rich. 2. with thirty five Men at Arms, Knights, and Esquires, and one hundred Archers on Horsback (to every twenty Archers, one Carpenter, and one Mason;) and likewise constitutedPat. 22 R. 2. p. • . m. 16. Admiral of the Kings Fleet for that Realm.

And beingIbid. p. 3. m. 19. thus Admiral, as also Vice-Chamberlain, Ibid. p. 3. m. 19., and StewardIbid. p. 3. m. 19. of the Kings Houshold, and imployedIbid. p. 3. m. 19. in sundry Warlike Expeditions, and Embassies; he obtained a ReleaseIbid. p. 3. m. 19., of all Debts, Accompts, Arrearages of Accompts, Rents and Arrearages of Rents, wherewith he then stood charged.

But when • pod. Neustr. 161. n. 50. Henry, Duke of Lancaster landed, and that King Richard saw his own ruine approaching; upon the dismissing of his family, he bad • pod. Neustr. 161. n. 50. this Thomas farewel, and reserve himself for better times.

It seems, notwithstanding the great favors he had received from King Richard; yet upon his deposal he stood fair with the Duke of Lancaster, then assuming the Rule by the name of Henry the Fourth: For that King, soon after he had thus attained the Crown, resolving to let the Pope, and divers Christian Princes know, by what right and title he had so done, sent Tho. Wal • . p. 400. n. 40. this Earl, with the Bishop of Durham, his Ambassadors into France, to represent the same to that King. And moreover, madeRot. Franc. 1 H. 4. m. 3. him one of the Commissioners to treat with the Ambassadors of the same King of France, touching the sending back of Isabel his Daughter (second Wife to the deposed King) with her Jewels, whom he had required to be returned to him: So likewise forIbid. m. 4. the ratifying that Truce, which had been made betwixt both Realms in King Richards time. And furthermore, constituted him StewardPat. 1 • . • p. 2 m. 14. of his Houshold (as he had been to King Richard.)

Moreover, in 3 Hen. 4. he was madePat. 3 H. 4. p. 1. m. 7. the Kings Lieutenant throughout all North Wales, and South-Wales, for resistance of the Rebels there.

But, notwithstanding all this trust and favor from King Henry; he thought it not enough, considering the many benefits and high esteem he had from King Richard; and therefore, deserting Tho. Wal • . 407. n. 30. the Princes Houshold (which the King had specially committed to his trust) he fledIbid. 40 • . n. 10. to his Brother, the Earl of Northumberland; and, combiningIbid. 40 • . n. 10. with him, joyned with his Nephew Hotspur, then in Arms; by whom beingIbid. n. 4 • sent to the King, upon his offerIbid. n. 4 • of Pardon, in case they would submit (as in my discourse of Hotspur is shewed) he misrepresentedIbid. n. 4 • what His Majesty had graciously expressed, exaspe • atingIbid. n. 4 • him to Battle; which forthwith ensuing, concluded in the total rout of all their Rebellious Forces, and slaughter of many; amongst which, Hotspur their General, wasIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 30. the chief: This Earl himself being then taken prisonerIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 30., and soon after beheadedIbid. 〈◊〉 n. 30. at Shrewsbury.

This is all I have to say of him; other then, that when he wasLel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 . 59. in such favor with King Richard the Second, he purchasedLel 〈◊〉 . Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 . 59. the Mannor of Wresil in Yorkshire, and builtLel 〈◊〉 . Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 . 59. the Castle there; but dying without issue, it afterward, by the favor of cameLel 〈◊〉 . Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 . 59. to Earl of Northumberland.

Thomas Percy Lord Egremon • , Third Son of Henry, the Second Earl of Northumberland.

THis Thomas in 28 Hen. 6. beingPat. 〈◊〉 • . 6. p. 1. m. • 0. then a Knight, in considerationPat. 〈◊〉 • . 6. p. 1. m. • 0. of his many and great services, was advancedPat. 〈◊〉 • . 6. p. 1. m. • 0. to the Title of Lord Egremont, to hold to himself, and the Heirs-male of his Body. And in 30 Hen. 6. constitutedRot. Scoc. 30 H. 6. m. • . one of the Commissioners to treat with Iames, Earl Douglas, upon those Articles by him signed. After which, viz. in 36 Hen. 6. he obtained a GrantPat. 36 R. 6. p. 2. • . m 6. • of the Castle and Lordship of Wresil in Com. Ebor. to hold for term of his life; as also LicensePat. 36 R. 6. p. 2. • . m 6. • to travel into several Forein parts; but returning again ere long, was slainStows 〈◊〉 . in the Battle of Northampton, in 38 Hen. 6. without Wife or Issue.

Nevill.

THis Noble, Antient, and Spreading Family, do derive their Descent from Gilbert de Nevil, Gilbert. a Norman, who came into England with William the Conqueror, being at that time his Admiral, as someR. Glov. S. of our Genealogists have noted; though there be no mention of him, nor any of that name in the General Survey made by that King. Which Geffrey having issueEx Coll. dicti R. Gl. S. Vide • i setiam Lel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 6. • . 90. Geffrey, and he anotherEx Coll. dicti R. Gl. S. Vide • i setiam Lel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 6. • . 90. Geffrey, who marriedEx Coll. dicti R. Gl. S. Vide • i setiam Lel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 6. • . 90. Emme, the Daughter and Heir of Bertram de Bulmer (a great Baron in the North) had issueEx Coll. dicti R. Gl. S. Vide • i setiam Lel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 6. • . 90. by her one sole Daughter called Isabel; which Isabel, after the death of her Brother Henry without issue, became his heir; and taking to Husband Robert Fitz-Maldred, Lord of Raby, in the Bishoprick of Durham, had issueEx Coll. dicti R. Gl. S. Vide • i setiam Lel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 6. • . 90. by her a Son called Geffrey; who, by reason that his Mother was so great an Inheritrix, assumedEx Coll. dicti R. Gl. S. Vide • i setiam Lel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 6. • . 90. the sirname of Nevill, from whom that Branch, whose principal Seat, was for many ages afterwards at Ra • y (and at length Earls of Westmorland) did Spring.

But before I come to speak of this last mentioned Geffrey, I shall take notice of those, who bore that sirname long before, though how they stood related in blood to him, is not yet clear to me.

Of these therefore, in order of time, the first I meet with,Robert. is Robert; who in 2 Hen. 1. wasOrd. Vit. 807 A. in Arms with that famous Rebel Robert de Belesme, Earl of Shrewsbury; as alsoOrd. Vit. 807 A. one of those to whom he committed the trust of that strong Town; and, havingOrd. Vit. 807 A. made Peace with the Welsh, and gotten two of their Princes to his aid, marchedOrd. Vit. 807 A. with a great power to encounter the Kings Army.

After him, there was Ralph de Nevill, Ralph. witness Monast. Anglic Vol 1. 143 b. n. 60. to a Charter of King Henry the First, granted to the Monks of Bardney, in the sixteenth of His Reign.

And next, Gilbert de Nevill, Gilbert. of whom I find mention in Lincolnshire, in 〈…〉 2 Hen. 2. And in 〈…〉 Roteland, 5 Hen. 2. As also in 〈…〉 Oxfordshire, 7 Hen. 2. Which Gilbert had a Brother 〈…〉 named Alan de Nevill, and a Son 〈…〉 called Geffrey, Founder 〈…〉 of the Priory of Tupholme in Com. Linc. Who in 10 Hen. 2. was one of the witnesses 〈…〉 in that Recognition, then made by the King of the Peoples Liberties.

Of this Alan de Nevill it is reported 〈…〉 , That in 12 Hen. 2. being at Uiceliack (in his journey towards Ierusalem) upon Ascension-day, to celebrate that Festival, he was (with Richard de Lucy, and others) excommunicated by Thomas Becket, then Archbishop of Canterbury, in regard he had been one of those, who stoutly asserted and defended the antient customs of England against the Popes Usurpations; but soon after absolved by Gilbert Foliot, Bishop of London, (then in those parts) upon his Promisory Oath, to go to the Pope, and submit himself to his Holiness.

This is that Alan de Nevill, who was 〈…〉 cheif Justice of the Forests throughout all England; and in 16 Hen. 2. a Justice 〈…〉 Itinerant; but died 〈…〉 in 2 Rich. 1. leaving issue two Sons, Alan 〈…〉 and Geffrey 〈…〉 .

Of which Alan, I have not seen any thing farther;Geffrey. but of Geffrey, it appears, that in 6 Ioh. he was constituted GovernorPat. 6 Joh. m. • . of Corffe Castle; and that in 16 Ioh. (being then the Kings Chamberlain) he was made GovernorPat. 16 Joh. m. 5. of Scarborough Castle, having one hundred pound assignedClaus. 16 Joh. m. 6. to him for the fortifying thereof.

In 17 Ioh. he obtained the WardshipClaus. 17 Joh. m. 1. of the Daughters of Roger Trusbut; as also a Grant Claus. 17 Joh. m. 10. of the Lands of Simon de Kime, and Phillip de Kime (then in Rebellion, as it seems:) And the same year, being SheriffPat. 17. Joh. m. 9. of Yorkshire, was joyned in CommissionIbid. m. 4. with Gerard de Furnivall, to treat with Robert de Ros, and other of the Barons, then in Rebellion, for reducing them to obedience.

In 2 H. 3. being then SeneschalClaus. 2. H. 3. m. 6. of Poictou and Gascoigne, he was again constitutedPat. 2 H. 3. m. 4. Sheriff of Yorkshire, and so continuedRot. Pip. de iisdem ann. Ebor. till 7 H. 3. inclusive.

Upon levying the first Scutage of Henry the Third (viz. 5 Hen. 3.) he paidRot. Pip. 5 H. 3. Linc. twenty six marks for the Fees of Cecily de Crevequer; and in 6 H. 3. (with Richard de Alencon) gaveRot. Fin. 6 H. 3. m. 5. one hundred pound to the King, for the Wardship of the Heir of Alexander de Nevill, whose Lands lay in the Counties of Lincoln, York, and Cumberland.

This Geffrey and Mabel his Wife, confirmed Mon Angli • vol. 1. 662. n. 60. to the Abby of Monk-Bretton in Com. Ebor. all the Grants which Adam Fitz-Swane, the Founder thereof, had given thereto; (she the said Mabel beingLel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 1. f. 43. one of the Daughters and Coheirs to the same Adam, and the otherLel. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 1. f. 43. married to Thomas de Burg) and had issueClaus. 15. H. 3. m. 21▪ two Sons,Iohn. Iohn and Alan. Which Iohn, in 15 Hen. 3. tookClaus. 15. H. 3. m. 21▪ the homage of his Brother Alan, in the presence of the King, for the Mannor of Haltrey, formerly given to him by his Father.

But more I have not seen of this Iohn, then that in 48 Hen. 3. beingLel. Col • Vol. 1. p. 771. in the Battle of Chesterfield, with Robert de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, then in Rebellion, he made his escapeLel. Col • Vol. 1. p. 771.: And that the year next following, he was inEsc. 49 H▪ 3. n. 5. the Battle of Evesham, on the part of the Rebellious Barons, beingEsc. 49 H▪ 3. n. 5. then of Nottinghamshire.

¶I next come to William de Nevill.

This William William. was SheriffRot. Pip. 2 H. 2. Norf. of Norfolk, in 2 Hen. 2. And in 16 Hen. 2. upon levying the Aid for marrying the Kings Daughter, paidRot. Pip. 16 H. 2. Lan • sixty shillings. In 23 Hen. 2. he was made Governor R. Hoved. 323 b. n. 20. of Norham Castle.

At the first solemn Coronation of King Richard the First, he wasJorev. 1158. n. 10. one of the Barons that officiated there: And in 6 Rich. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Ebo • ▪ twenty marks for License to stay in England, the King then making an expedition into Normandy.

In 2 Ioh. he paid a fineOblate 2 Joh. m. 2 • of eighty marks, and a Palfrey, for License to marry 〈◊〉 of the Daughters and Heirs of Walter Walerand; and the same year gaveRot. Pip. 2 Joh. Linc. another fine of eighty marks, to be reconciled to the King, having detained his Daughter against his command.

In 4 Ioh. he had a GrantRot. Pip. 4 Joh. Southampt. of the Serjeanty of the Forests in Hantshire, withCar • . 5 Joh. 〈◊〉 163. Isabel, the Daughter of Walter Walerand, to holdCar • . 5 Joh. 〈◊〉 163. as freely as he the said Walter had enjoyed the same: And in 12 Ioh. executingRot. Pip. 1 • Joh. Wilt • ▪ the Sheriffs Office for Wiltshire, for the fourth part of that year; accountedRot. Pip. 12 Joh. Ha •• ▪ to the King for seven hundred and four kine, part of the stock upon the Lands of William de Bra • se, at the rate of five shillings for each Cow.

In 13 Ioh. upon collection of the Scutage of Wales, then assessed at two marks, he paid Rot. Pip. 13 Joh. Wilts. sixteen marks eight shillings ten pence, for eight Knights Fees, and a third part, which were the InheritanceRot. Pip. 13 Joh Wilts. of his Wife, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Walter Walerand. And in 2 H. 3. upon levying the first Scutage of that King, he accountedRot. Pip. 2 H. 3. Wilts. thirteen marks for six Fees, an half and sixth part, being the third part of the Fees of the same Walter Walerand. So likewiseRot. Pip. 3 H. 3. Wilts. upon levying the Scutage of Montgomery in 8 H. 3. But more I cannot say of him.

The next is Ralph de Nevill.

This Ralph Ralph. and his Ancesters were Patrons Ex Autogr. Pen • Henr. Com • . Huntendon. An. 1640. of the Church of Alhallows in the Marsh, in York; and in 21 Hen. 2. (together with his Brothers) paidRot. Pip. 21 H. 2. Lin • . ten pounds for the redemption of Robert de Watervill. He likewise Founded Mon. Anglic. Vol. 1. 840. a. n. 30. the Priory of Hoton in Com. Ebor. upon part of those Lands which he had in Frank-marriage with his Wife.

To him succeeded Hugh Hugh. his Son and Heir; who in 31 Hen. 2. accountedRot. Pip. 31 H. 2. sub tit. Honor de Werch. one hundred three pounds and six pence for the Ferm of the Honor of Werch; and in 2 Rich. 1. gave a FineRot. Pip. a R. 1. Line. of two hundred pounds for Livery of his Lands.

This Hugh being a servantMat. Paris, 315. 1. 2. in Court to King Richard the First; in 4 Rich. 1. wasJoreval. col. 1248. l. 4. with that King in the Holy Land, where he performed Joreval. col. 1248. l. 4. the part of a stout Soldier; and likewise slew Mat. Paris, ut supra. a Lion by a shot with an Arrow into the Brest; then peircing his Body with a Sword: Whereupon was this saidMat. Paris, ut supra., Viribus Hugonis vires Periere Leonis.

In 6 Rich. 1. he wasRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Essex & Hertf. in that expedition then made by the King into Normandy; and in 7 Rich. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 7 R. l. Surr. one hundred marks for the Heir of Henry de Cornhill (a rich Citizen of London) whom he afterwards marriedRot. Pip. & Joh. Lond. & Middl. But diedOb. l Joh. m. 20. Linc. in 1 Ioh. or before; for then Henry Henry. his Son had LiveryOb. 1 Joh. m. 20. Lin • . of his Lands, paying one hundred pounds for his Relief.

To which Henry, King Iohn, in the first year of His Reign, confirmedCart. Antiq. Q n. 16. those Lands in Ashby and Thienton, formerly given by King Henry the Second, to Hugh his Father. Howbeit, after this I find no more of him till his death, which hapned in 2 Hen. 3. or before; for then had William de Albiny a GrantClaus. 2 H. 3. m. 13. from the King of the custody of his Lordships of Hale, Retrington, and Haburgh, in Com. Linc. And in 5 Hen. 3. ofClaus 5 H. 3. m. 7. the Wardship of Hugh, Hugh. his Son and Heir.

He had also another SonPlac. • oram. Rege de temp. Re • Joh. called Iohn. Iohn. Which Iohn, in 12 Ioh. gave a finePlac. • oram. Rege de temp. Re • Joh. of seven hundred marks, for License to go beyond Sea, and that he might marry Isabel, the Widow of Sewall, Son of Henry (Progenitor of the Shirleys) with her whole Inheritance, she beingPlac. • oram. Rege de temp. Re • Joh. Daughter and Heir to Robert de Meynill. In 15 Ioh. this Iohn. attendedClaus. 15 Joh. in dorso m. 1. the King in his expedition into Poictou; and forMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 18. n. 60. the health of the Soul of Hugh his Father, and Ioane de Cornhill his Mother, confirmedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. p. 18. n. 60. the Grant of the Mannor of Thorendon, which his Father had made thereof to the Canons of Waltham in Essex, for the health of the Soul of her the said Ioane. And departed this life about the beginning of Henry the Thirds Reign; for 4 Hen. 3.Claus. 4 H. 3. m. 11. Isabel his Wife, was remarried to Ralph Musard.

To him succeeded Iollan de Nevill, Iollan his Brother Claus. 4 • . 3. m. 16. and Heir; who in 4 Hen. 3. doing his homage, had LiveryClaus. 4 • . 3. m. 16. of his Lands.

This Iollan was a Justice Itinerant inPat. 18 H. 3. in dorso m. 7. 18 and Mat. Pa •• , p 533. n. 3 • . 24 Hen. 3. by reason whereof, that MS. Book in the Exchequer (with the Kings Remembrancer) containing the Knights Fees, throughout the greatest part of England (then certified) beareth still the name of Testa de Nevill.

About this time there was another Hugh de Nevill, Hugh. who in 8 Hen. 3. was constitutedPat. 8 H. 3. p. 1. m. 8. Principal Warden of all the Kings Forests throughout England; as alsoIbid. m. 11. Cheif Justice of those Forests: And the same year gaveBo • . •• in. 8 H. 3. m. 3. Rot. Pip. 8 H 3. Essex & Her • one hundred marks for Livery of the moity of the Mannor of Stoke-Cur • y, with the Castle there, and moity of the Knights Fees thereto belonging, which he hadBo • . sin. 8 H. 3. m. 3. Rot. Pip. 8 H 3. Essex & Her • of the Inheritance of Ioane his Wife. In the same year, he had also LiveryClaus. 9 Hen. 3. m. 13. in her right, of those Lands in Faukenham in Com. Suff. wherein she had titleClaus. 9 Hen. 3. m. 13., together with Margaret de Ripariis her Sister; which Lands were antiently partClaus. 9 Hen. 3. m. 13. of the Possessions of Gundred de Warren. So likewise ofIbid m 24. the moity of the Mannor of Niwenham in Com. Oxon. her Sister Margaret, WifeIbid m 24. to Fulcasus de Breant, havingIbid m 24. the other moity.

In this ninth of Henry the Third he was sent Mat Paris, p. 324. n. 30. with Brien de Lisle to view the Kings Forests, and to see what ought to be deafforested by the Oaths of twelve Knights in every County.

In 10 Hen. 3. he was constituted Governor Pat. 10 H. 3. m. 2. of Sauvey Castle in Com. Leic. As also of Ibid. m. 4. Lutgarshill Castle in Com. Wilts: And in 13 Hen. 3. had a GrantCart. 13 H. 3. p. 1. m 3. from the King for his life, to hunt and take the Hare, Fox, and Cat, throughout all the Forests of England.

This Hugh FoundedMon. Anglic. Vol 1. 577 a. 28. the Priory of Stoke-Curcy in Com. Devon. Which was a Cell to the Abby of Lonley in France.

To him succeeded Iohn de Nevill, Iohn. his Son Ex Autog • . • in Bibl. Co • ton. and Heir; who, in 19 Hen. 3. was also made JusticeClaus. 19 H. 3. m. 2. of all the Forests throughout England; and in 24 Hen. 3. entred into Covenants Ex Autogr▪ • in Bibl. Cotton. with Roger de Quency, Earl of Winchester, for the marriage of Hugh de Nevill, his Son, with Isabel, the Daughter of the same Roger; she being to have twenty pound Lands in Sideham for her portion, and to be endowed with forty pound Lands in Radwey.

In 26. Hen. 3. this Iohn hadRot. Vasco • . 26 H. 3. in dor • o m 3. command (amongst other the great Men of that time) to provide himself with Horse and Arms, and to attend the King into France: But in 28 H. 3. upon InquisitionMat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40. made concerning Trespasses in the Forests (thenMat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40. holding the Office of cheif Warden, as his Father did) he was so highly accused Mat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40.; as that, had not the King been very merciful to him, he could have expected no less than imprisonment and utter ruine: But, it seems, he got off forMat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40. two thousand marks fine: Which, (with his Fathers debts) lay so heavy upon him, being also with great disgrace putMat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40. out of imployment▪ that it broke his heart; so that with grief he languished and di • dMat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40. about Midsummer the same year, at his Mannor House of Walperfeld; and was buriedMat. Paris, p. 652. n. 40. Et p. 661. n. 40. & 710. • . 30 & 40. near to his Fathers Tomb in the Abby of Waltham. Whereupon command wasClaus. 30 He • 3. m • . given to send his Son and Heir to Windsor Castle, there to be kept and educatedClaus. 30 He • . 3. m • ., with other of Kings Wards: For the custody of whom, and benefit of his marriage, in 31 H. 3. Iohn de Courtenay gave 〈…〉 the King two thousand five hundred marks.

This Heir, whose name was Hugh, 〈…〉 in 38 H. 3. upon 〈…〉 levying the Ayd for making the Kings eldest Son Knight, paid 〈…〉 forty one pounds six shillings and eight pence, for twelve Knights Fees a fourth and sixth part of the Fees of Curci, and for eight Fees and a fourth part of the Fees of Meschines. And in 42 Hen. 3. had 〈…〉 Command to attend the King at Che •• er, upon Monday next before the Feast of S. Iohn Baptist, to oppose the incursions of the Welsh. But in 48 H. 3. he was 〈…〉 in Arms against the K. at the Battle of Lewes: So likewise in 〈…〉 49 Hen. 3. with Robert de Vipount (a great Rebel;) and being taken 〈…〉 at Kenilworth in that memorable surprize, there made upon a great party of the Rebellious Barons, by Prince Edward; was carried prisoner 〈…〉 to Worcester.

From this last mentioned Hugh (as I ghess) descended Iohn de Nevill of Essex; Iohn. for his Fathers name was 〈…〉 Hugh. Which Iohn in 9 E. 3. doing his Homage had Livery of 〈…〉 his Lands: and in 12 E. 3. was 〈…〉 in that Expedition then made into Flanders. In 21 E. 3. he was 〈…〉 in the Wars of France; So also 〈…〉 in 22 and 29 E. 3. 〈…〉 being of the retinue unto William de Bohun E. of Northampton. And having been summoned 〈…〉 to Parliament from 9 E. 3. untill 22 E. 3. inclusive, departed 〈…〉 this life 25 Iul • i 32 E. 3. being then seized 〈…〉 of two parts of the Mannor of Great-Wakeryng, and two parts of the Mannor of Litte-Wakering in Essex, which he held only for life, the remainder to the above specified William de Bohun E. of Northampton, and joyntly with Aiice his Wife of the Mannors of Weth • resfeld parva, Halyngbury, Chigenhale-Zoin, Chigenhale-Tany, Peltingdon, and the Advousons of the Churches belonging to those Lordships, the reversion of all which belonged to the said Earl of Northam • t •• . It seems he died without any issue; for William the Son of Iohn Senior of 〈◊〉 was found 〈…〉 to be his kinsman and next Heir.

¶I now come to another Hugh de Nevil, Hugh. who in 9 R. 1. was Sheriff 〈…〉 for the Counties of Oxford, Essex, and Hertford 〈…〉 , for the one half of that year: Likewise for Essex: and Hertford 〈…〉 , 10 R. 1. and 1 & 2. Ioh. And in 〈…〉 10 R. 1. for Oxfordshire, as also in 〈…〉 1 Ioh. In which year he obtained a grant 〈…〉 from the King of the Mannor of Halingebiri, to hold by the service of half a Knights Fee, and in 3 Ioh. was made Warden 〈…〉 of the Kings Forests throughout England.

In 5 Ioh. the King gave 〈…〉 him the Mannors of Blaaston and Ermhale in Feefrme for forty pounds per Annum; and confirmed 〈…〉 to him those Lands and Woods in Thayden, which Ralph Fitz-Piers had granted unto him.

This Hugh de Nevil (then called 〈…〉 Grossus) gave 〈…〉 twenty marks, and a Palfrey of five marks price, for livery of all the Lands of Stephen de Cam • ra, with Desiderata Daughter of the said Stephen and to the Heirs of his body by her. As also for a weekly Market at Glanford-bridge in Com. Linc. and a Fair there once every year for three dayes.

He likewise gave 〈…〉 an hundred and forty marks for the Office of Forester in Northamptonshire, which Fouke de Lisures formerly held, to enjoy during his life. After which, being calledRot Pip 5 Jo • . Hugh de Nevil the Forester, he had a grantEssex. & Hertf. for an hundred Marks, of the Wardship of Hamon de Valoines. In 6 Ioh. he ex •• uted the Office of Sheriff for the Counties of Essex and Hertford, 〈…〉 for the first half of that year, and was constituted GovernorPat. 6 Joh. m. 7. of the Castle of Pe • in Derbyshire.

In 8 Ioh. he was made GovernorPat. 8 Joh. m 1. of the Castle of Richmond in Com. Ebor. as alsoIbid. m. 2. of St. Briavells Castle in Com. Glouc. And in 9 Ioh. had a full dischargeCart antiq. K. n. 3. from the King of all demands and accompts, touching his Baliwick of the Forests, from the time of King Richard the first untill the Feast of St. Iohn Baptist that present year. In 12 Ioh. he was Sheriff ofRot. Pip. 12 Joh. C • mb. • umberland; and executedRot. Pip. 12 Joh. Han ••• . the like Office three quarters of that year for Hantshire. In 13 Ioh. he was againRot. Pip. 13 Joh. Cumbr Sheriff of Cumberland. So likewise inRot. Pip. 14 Joh. Cumbr. 14 Ioh as also forRot. Pip. 14 Joh. Hant • . Hantshire.

In 14 Ioh. the Barons putting themselves in Armes, under colour of asserting their antient Rights and Liberties, this Hugh adheredM. Paris, p. 231. n. 20. to the K. and, for that respect had the reputationM. Paris, p. 231. n. 20. by the adverse party, to be one of his Evil Councellors.

In 15 Ioh. he wasYpod. Neustr. p. 54. n. 10. in that Naval Expedition against the French, with William Longespe Earl of Salisbury, and other of the English Nobility. And having takenYpod. Neustr. p. 54. n. 10. most of the French Kings Ships, in the Port of Dam in Flanders, brought Ypod. Neustr. p. 54. n. 10. them into England; being the same year again SheriffRot. Pip. 15 Joh. Cumbr▪ & Hant • . of Cumberland and Hantshire.

In 17 Ioh he was constituted GovernorPat 17 Joh. m 17. of the Castle of Stratton-dal in Com ... as also ofIbid. m. 19. Sauvey Castle in Com. Leic. and being then one ofM. paris. 255. n. 40. the Barons that met at Run • mede, there TreatedM. paris. 255. n. 40. for the King with those of the adverse party.

Howbeit, the next ensuing year, discerning o their strength, and that they had calledIbid. 282. n. 40. in Lewes, Son to the King of France, with purpose to advance him to the Royal Throne, he desertedIbid. 282. n. 40. the King, and did HomageIbid. 282. n. 40. to Lewes, giving up the Castle of Marleburgh unto him.Ibid. 282. n. 40. But after this, I have seen no more of him, then that he gaveMon. 〈◊〉 . Vol. 2. 543 b. n. 30. the Mannor of Lokeswod to the Knights Templars; and, that departingM. Paris. p. 315. this life in 6 Hen. 3. he was buriedM. Paris. p. 315. in the Abby Church of Waltham in Essex.

I next come to Geffrey de Nevil, G ••• rey. Son of that Gilbert de Nevil, who was Founder of the Priory at Tupholme, in Com. Linc. as hath been already observed.

This Geffrey in 23 Hen. 2. was madeR. Hoved. 323. b. n. 2 •• Governor of the Castle of Berewic, and having marriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Emme the Daughter and Heir to Bertram de Bulmer; upon leyying the Scutage of Wales in 2 R. 1. paidRot. Pip. 2 R. 1. Ebor▪ eight pounds for those Knights Fees, which did belong to that Bert • am, but departingRot. Pip. 5 R •• . 1. Westmorl. this life in 5 R. 1. leaving issue Henry his Son and Heir, as also a Daughter called Isabel.

Which Henry in 9 Ioh. doingRot. Pip. 9 Joh. m. 5. his Homage, and payingRot. Pip. 9 Joh. m. 5. an hundred pound for his Relief,Henry. had LiveryRot. Pip. 9 Joh. m. 5. of three Knights Fees in Raskel and Sutton, of the Inheritance of Emme de Sutton his Mother (elsewhere calledRot. Pip. 5 Ric. 1. Westmotl. Emme de Humet) who in 5 R. 1. paidRot. Pip. 5 Ric. 1. Westmotl. twenty marks into the Kings Exchequer u, for liberty to enjoy her Estate till the return of that King from the Holy-Land: And after this,Rot. Pip. 13 Joh. E • or. viz. Rot. Pip. 13 Joh. E • or. in 13 Ioh. upon levying the Scutage of Scotland (as Heir to Bertram de Bulmer) answered for three Knights Fees and a sixteenth part.

In 15 Ioh. this Henry attendedClaus. 15 Joh. 〈◊〉 dorso m. 1. the King into Po ••• ou: and 17 Ioh. having beenRot. 〈◊〉 . 17 Joh. m 4. in Armes with the Barons, gaveRot. 〈◊〉 . 17 Joh. m 4. an hundred marks for regaining the Kings favor,, promisingRot. 〈◊〉 . 17 Joh. m 4. his future fidelity; And, that if ever he should relaspe, he would be content to forfeit all he had: for performance of which promise, he delivered Rot. 〈◊〉 . 17 Joh. m 4. up two Hostages, as also his Castle of Brauncepath, to hold as long as the King should think fit.

In 8 Hen. 3. (thenRot▪ Pip. • Hen. 3. Ebor. residing at his Lordship of Burred, in Com. Linc. ) upon levying the Scutage of Montgomerie, he paidRot▪ Pip. • Hen. 3. Ebor. six marks and twenty pence for three Knights Fees and a sixteenth part. But all I have farther seen of him is, that he confirmedMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 98. b. & 99. a. to the Canons of Marton, in Comit. Ebor. those grants which Bertram de Bulmer his Grandfather (founder of that Priory) had given thereto: and bestowed Ibid. 99. • . n. 50. on them his Mannor of Wodhouses, excepting two Ox-gangs in Apletrewi • , which he purposed to bestow on the Nuns of Apleton: And, that he diedRot. Fin. 11 Hen. 3. m. 6. in 11 H. 3. or before; for then Robert Fitz-Maldred having marriedRot. Fin. 11 Hen. 3. m. 6. Isabel his Sister and Heir, payingRot. Fin. 11 Hen. 3. m. 6. two hundred marks for his relief, had LiveryRot. Fin. 11 Hen. 3. m. 6. of the Lands, whereof he died seized, exceptingIbid. m. 9. those which Alice his Wife held in Dower; part of which Lands layRot. Pip. • 9 H. 3. Linc. in Haskby and Tinton, in Com. Linc.

Which Robert Fitz-Maldred, Robert Firz-Maldred. being the Lineal Heir male of Vchtred Earl of Northumberland, in the days of King Edmund Ironside (viz. R. Hoved. 243. b. n. 20. & 40. Son of Dolfin, Son of Earl Gospatric, Son of Maldred Fitz-Crinan, by Algitha Daughter of the same Vchtred) upon the death of his father in 7 R. 1. gaveRot. Pip. 7 Ric. 1. Northumb. six hundred marks for Livery of his Lands; and by her the said Isabel his Wife, left issue a Son called Geffrey; Geffrey. who (by reason he enjoyed so great an Inheritance from his Mother) assumed the Sirname of Nevill: But of this Geffrey I can say no more, then that hegaveMon. Angl. Vol. 1 596. b. to the Canons of Tupholme, sixMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 597. a. n 50. Ox-gangs, of Land in Haburck in Com. Linc. Likewise the Church of Randby, with certain Lands in Burreth, in Comitat. Linc, as also one Ox-gang in Thinesto, and Shill-milne, with the Marsh extending from the Wood of those Canons, to Burreth-Meadow;Robert. and that he had issueEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Robert his Son and Heir, as also a younger Son called Geffrey; who in 54 H. 3. was constituted Pat. 54 H. 3. m 5. Governor of Scardeburgh Castle, and likewiseIbid m. 2. a Justice-Itinerant. Which Geffrey took to WifeEsc. 13 E. • . n. 19. 〈◊〉 . Claus. 13 Edw. • . m. 9. Margaret the Daughter and Heir to Sir Iohn Longvillers of Hornby Castle in Com. Lanc. Knight, and diedEsc. 13 E. • . n. 19. 〈◊〉 . Claus. 13 Edw. • . m. 9. in 13 Edw. 1. being then seizedEsc. 13 E. • . n. 19. 〈◊〉 . Claus. 13 Edw. • . m. 9. of the Mannor of Appelby and other Lands in Com. Linc; as also of the Castle and Mannor of Harnby in Com. Lanc. and Hoton-Longvillers, in Com. Ebor. Likewise of the Mannor of Farneberie and certain Lands in Kickby, Gargrave, Collyng, and Covenallay, (all of the inheritance of the same Margaret.) Also Esc. 13 E. • . n. 19. 〈◊〉 . Claus. 13 Edw. • . m. 9. of the moity of the Mannor of Brerlaye, in Com. Ebor. leavingEsc. 13 E. • . n. 19. 〈◊〉 . Claus. 13 Edw. • . m. 9. Iohn his Son and Heir thirteen years of age; from whom the Nevils of Hornby (whose Heir femal called Margaret became the Wife 〈…〉 of Thomas Beaufort Duke of Exeter) did descend.

But I return to Robert. This Robert, having been 〈…〉 in Poictou with King Iohn, had for that reason, exemption 〈…〉 from the scutage then levied upon those, who were not in that Expedition: and in 26 Hen. 3. gave a FineR 〈◊〉 Pip. 26 • 3. Ebor. of ten pounds, to be freed from attending the King into Gascoine.

In 38 Hen. 3. doing his FealtyCl 〈◊〉 . 38 Hen. 3. m. 8. for all those Lands which descended to him from Robert Fitz-Maldred his Grandfather, and • atisfyingCl 〈◊〉 . 38 Hen. 3. m. 8. the King for his Relief, he had LiveryCl 〈◊〉 . 38 Hen. 3. m. 8. of them.

And in 42 Hen. 3. receivedClaus. 〈◊〉 H. 3. in dors▪ m 12▪ Command to provide himself with Horse and Armes, to march with those Forces designedClaus. 〈◊〉 H. 3. in dors▪ m. 12▪ to rescue the King of Scots then in minority (who had married the Daughter of King Henry) from that restraint, wherein his rebellious Subjects at that time held him▪ in which year he was constituted Governor Pat. 42 H. 3▪ m. 11. of the Castles of Norham and Werke; as alsoPat. 43 H. 3▪ m. 10. of Bambou • gh Castle the next year following.

In 45 Hen. 3. he was made WardenPat. 45 H. 3. m. 10. of all the Kings Forests beyond Trent: And 46 H. 3. constitutedPat. 46 H. 3. m▪ 14. one of the Justices Itinerant for the Pleas of those Forests.

In 47 Hen. 3 he wasPat. 47 H. 3 • m. 9. one of those Barons, that undertook for the Kings observance of the Ordinances then made at Oxford. And in the same turbulent year (when many of the great men put themselves in Armes upon pretence of asserting the Laws of the Land, and liberties of the people) madeIbid. Captain-General of all the Kings forces beyond Crent, as also SheriffIbid. of Yorkshire, and GovernorIbid. of the Castle at York: So likewiseIbid. 〈…〉 of the Castle at the Devises in Com. Wiltes. And in 48 Hen. 3. Warden Pat. 48 H. 3. m. 14. of all the Forests beyond • rent; and again GovernorPat. 48 H. 3. m. 14. of the Castle at York.

But notwithstanding these great trusts he at length fellPat. 50 H. 3. m. 11. off to the rebellious Barons; for which defection, in 50 Hen. 3. (after they were utterly vanquished) he had not only pardonPat. 50 H. 3. m. 11., but wasPat. 50 H. 3. m. 11. constituted Governor of • lcke • ing Castle in Comit. Ebor. And in 54 Hen. 3. was again made GovernorRot. Fin. 5 〈◊〉 m. 9 • . of Bam •••• Castle: Furthermore having been hindredClaus. 54 Men. 3. m. 12. from recieving the Kings Rents and Issues of York ••• , from Michaelmass 48 Hen. 3. till the Battle of Lewes (by divers great men then in Armes on the behalf of the Barons) he was at that time dischargedClaus. 54 Men. 3. m. 12. from accounting for the same: And in 10 Edw. 1. departedEsc▪ 10 E. r. • . 18. this life, being then seizedEsc▪ 10 E. r. • . 18. of an hundred pound Lands in Mitford and Felton in Com. Northumb. which were part Esc▪ 10 E. r. • . 18. of the dowrie of Ida his Wife, Widow of Roger Bertram. He likewise died seizedEsc▪ 10 E. r. • . 18. of the Mannors of Raskelf and Sherif-Hoton in Com. Ebor. as also of the Mannors of Burreth and Randeby in Com. Linc. and of divers Lands in the Bishoprick of Durham, whereof the Jury knew neither the extent nor Tenu • e; leaving Ranulph Ibid. Videsis etiam Esc. 11 Edw. 1. n. 41. Linc. the Son of Robert de Nevill the younger, his next heir, and thenIbid. Videsis etiam Esc. 11 Edw. 1. n. 41. Linc. twenty years of age.

But before I proceed with what I have to say of this Ranulph, I may not omit to take notice, that Robert his Father (who died in the lifetime of Robert his Grandfather, as is observed) having marriedMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 649. b. n. 10. Rot. Fi • . 54 H. 3. m. 8. Mary, the eldest Daughter and Coheir to Ralph Fitz-Randulph Lord of Middleham, had in 54 Hen. 3. LiveryMon. Ang. Vol. 2. 649. b. n. 10. Rot. Fi • . 54 H. 3. m. 8. of the Lands of her Inheritance, doing his Homage; of which that Mannor of Middleham was partClaus. 54 H▪ 3. in dorso▪ m. 7.; And likewise a the Mannor of Carleton, with the Forest of Coverdale.

It is saidEx Coll. R. Gl. • ., That this Robert frequenting the company of a certain Lady in Craven, in an adulterous manner, was surprised by some of her Husbands friends, and by them so gelded, that he died of the wound, 6 Iunii, An. 1271. (55 Hen. 3.) and was buried in the Chapter House at Coverham (in Com. Ebor.) near to the Tomb of Helewise de Glanvil (his Father then living.) After which, scil. in 4 • Edw. 1. Mary his Widow, upon the deathRot. Pip. 4 • Edw. 1. Ebor. of Anastasia her third sister (one of the CoheirsRot. Pip. 4 • Edw. 1. Ebor. to the same Ralph Fitz-Ranulph) sharedRot. Pip. 4 • Edw. 1. Ebor. with Robert de Tatshall, and Ioane his Wife, in her purparty. Which Mary lived • x C • ll. R. Gl. • . a Widow, upon her own Inheritance, no less then forty nine years; and in 17 Edw. 1. gave 〈◊〉 . Ad quod • ampn. 17 Edw. 1. n▪ 48. an yearly Rent of twelve marks issuing out of her▪ Lordship of South Pikenham, to find two Priests to celebrate Divine Service in the Church of Houton. And having heldEsc. 14 Ed. 2. n. 26. for term of life, the Mannors of Middleham, Thoraldby, Well, Snape, Carleton, Fagherwald, Nosterfield, Burton, and Crakhall, with one Messuage in Dikestard, as also the Advowson of the Church, departedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. this life in An. 1320. (14 Edw. 2.) and was buriedEx Coll. R. Gl. S. in the Quire at Coverham.

¶I now come to Ranulph de Nevill, Ranulph. Grand-Son and Heir to Robert the elder. This Ranulph, being inRot Fin. 11 Ed. 1. m. 15. minority at his Grand-Fathers death, obtainedRot Fin. 11 Ed. 1. m. 15. liberty of the King, that his friends might Plough and manage his Lands; and in 13 Edw. 1. had LiveryComp. Tho. de Normanvile de Esc. • egis inter Rot. Pip. 12 Ed. 1. of the Mannors of Kaskelf, Sutton, and Hoton, part of his Inheritance.

About this time there hapningEx Regist. Eccl. Dun • lm. in Bibl. Bodl. (L. 5 • Cant.) f. 117 b. much variance betwixt the Inhabitants of the Bishoprick, and Anthony Beke, (that great Prelate) then Bishop of Durham, by reasonEx Regist. Eccl. Dun • lm. in Bibl. Bodl. (L. 53 Cant.) f. 117 b. he had compelled them to go twice into Scotland with Horse and Arms, which they alleagedEx Regist. Eccl. Dun • lm. in Bibl. Bodl. (L. 53 Cant.) f. 117 b. to be contrary to right, in regard they held their Lands, to defend the Body of S. Cuthbert; and that they ought not, neither for King or Bishop, to go beyond the Rivers of Tine and Tese: This Ranulph de Nevill, and Iohn de Marne, were Ex Regist. Eccl. Dun • lm. in Bibl. Bodl. (L. 53 Cant.) f. 117 b. the cheif countenancers of those who thus opposed the Bishop.

And not long after that, fell out anotherEx alio Regist▪ Dun • lm. 〈◊〉 Bibl. Bodl. (H. 76 Cant.) f. 56 a. difference betwixt this Ranulph, and the Prior of Durham, about the offering of a Stag every year, upon S. Cuthberts day in September; which (in truth) was rather a Rent then an Oblation, in regard he held Raby, with the eight adjoyning Townships, by the yearly Rent of four pound and a Stag. ForIbid., contrary to the custom of his Ancestors, he not only required, that the Prior of Durham, at the offering of that Stag, ought to feast him, and all the company he should bring: But that the Priors own menial servants, should for that time be set aside, and his peculiar servants and officers put in their stead. Whereupon Ibid., amongst other of his guests, he invited Iohn de Baillol of Barnard Castle, who refused to go with him; alleaging, That he never knew the Nevills to have such a priviledge there; Sir William de Brompton (the Bishops cheif Justice) likewise acknowledging, That he himself was the first who began that extravagant practise: For being a young Man, and delighting in Hunting, he came with the Lord Nevill at the offering of the Stag, and said to his Companions, Come let us go into the Abby and Wind our Horns; and so they did. The Prior farther addingIbid., That before the time of this Ranulph, none of his Predecessors ever made any such claim; but when they brought the Stag into the Hall, they had only a Breakfast: Nor did the Lord himself ever stay Dinner, except he was invited.

In 22 Edw. 1. this Ranulph received command Rot. Vas ••• 22 Ed. 1. 〈◊〉 dorso m. 9. to attend the King at Portlmouth, upon the first of September, well furnished with Horse and Arms; and thence into France.

In 4 Edw. 2. having commandRot. Sco • . 4 Edw. 2. in dorso m. 4. to be at Newcastle upon Tine, on the morrow after All Souls day, with ten Men at Arms; he thence marchedIbid. m. 5. into Scotland.

It is reportedEx. Coll. • . Gl. • . of this Ranulph, that he little minded Secular business; but, for the most part, betook himself to conversation with the Canons of Merton and Coverham; as also, that he committedLel. C • ll. Vol. 1 ••• Incest with his own Daughter, and that Richard de Kellaw, Bishop of Durham, did, for that crime compelLel. C • ll. Vol. 1 ••• him to do publick pennance. But, certain it is, that he gaveEx Coll. • . Gl. • . to the Canons of Coverham sixty two Acres of his Demesn Lands in Trakehall • of nine pound six shillings per annum value; and twenty two Acres and an half of Meadow; as also certain Rents of his Tenants in Villenage, with four Ox-gangs of Land and Meadow, of the value of sixty three shillings four pence per annum. All which, with some Cottiers, &c. were of the value Ex Coll. • . Gl. • . of twenty pound and an half penny per annum.

He married two Wives, viz. Ibid. Eufemia, the Daughter of Sir Iohn de Clavering; and Margery, Daughter of Iohn, the Son of Marma •• ke de Thweng; and by the first of them had issueIbid. Robert, commonly calledIbid. The Peacock of the North, unto whom Mary his Grand-Mother gaveIbid. the Castle and Lordship of Middleham. By the later he hadIbid. none, and departingEsc. 5 Ed 3. n. 52. this life, 18 April, An. 1331. (5 Edw. 3.) was buriedEx Coll. • . Gl. • . in the Quire at Coverham, near the High Altar, on the South side. Which Robert, called The Peacock of the North, died without issue in his Fathers life time, as it seems; for Ralph Ralph. (the second Son) was foundEsc. 5 Ed. 3. ut supra. Heir to his Father, and at that time forty years of age and upwards; who had LiveryRot. Fin. 5 Ed. 3. m. 16. of his Lands the same year, being then StewardIbid. m. 20. of the Kings Houshold.

In 4 Edw. 3. this Ralph obtained a CharterCart 4 Ed. 3. n. 〈◊〉 . to himself and the Heir-male of his Body, for a Market every week on the Munday at Bliburg in Com. Suff. And two Fairs; one upon the Eve and Day of the Annunciation of our Lady; and the other on the Eve and Day of her Nativity. As alsoCart 4 Ed. 3. n. 〈◊〉 . for a Market weekly on the Tuesday at Aynho in Com. Northampt. And a Fair upon the Eve and Day of S. Michael, and two days following; with Remainder to Iohn de Clavering in Fee.

In 5 Edw. 3. (his Father then living) he was retained by Indenture 〈…〉 with the Lord Henry de Percy, to serve him in Peace and War, for term of life, with twenty Men at Arms, against all Men, except the King, whereof five to be Knights, receiving a hundred pound sterling per annum out of his Lordships of Topcliffe and Pokelington; as also Robes and ... for himself, with those Knights, and all the rest. And in time of War to have diet for himself, his Gentlemen, and six Grooms; likewise, Hay, Oats, Shooes, and Nails for fifty nine Horses, and Wages for fifty three inferior servants, with Harness for his own Body. And when he should be required to come to a Tourneament, then to have four Knights, with himself and their attendants; likewise, diet in his Hall for them, and for five Grooms; with Hay, Oats, Horsshooes and Nails for thirty and six Hor • es, and Wages for thirty and two servants; as also Harness for his own Body. Moreover, that if he should be required to attend him, in time of Parliament, or otherwise, to come himself with six Gentlemen, and nine Horses, having diet for three men in his Hall; with Hay, Oats, Horsshooes and Nails, for the number of Horses last specified, and Wages for six servants.

The same year he obtained another Charter Cart. 5 Ed 3. n. 〈◊〉 . for Free-Warren in all his Demesn Lands and Lordships of Middleham, Carleton, Crakhall, Snape, Well, Raskelfe, Sheriff-Hoton, and Galtres, in Com. Ebor. As also in his Lordships of Houton and Stokton in Com. Nors.

In this year likewise, doing his FealtyEx Regist. Dun • lm. Eccl. ut supra (L. 53.) f. 129 • . to William, Prior of Durham, upon Lammas day, for the Mannor of Raby; he toldEx Regist. Dun • lm. Eccl. ut supra (L. 53.) f. 129 • . him, that he would offer the Stag as his Ancestors had done; saving that, whereas his Father required, that the Priors servants should be set aside at that time, and his own serve in their stead; he would be content, that his should attend together with those of the Priors: And, whereas his Father insisted, that his servants should only be admitted at Dinner; he stood upon it, that his should be there entertained the whole day, and likewise the morrow at Breakfast.

Whereunto the Prior made answerEx Regist. Dun • lm. Eccl. ut supra (L. 53.) f. 129 • ., that none of his Ancestors were ever so admitted, and that he would rather quit the Stag, then suffer any new custome to the prejudice of their Church. But to this, Ralph replied, That he would perform the whole service, or none, and put the tryal of his right upon the Countrey. The Prior therefore knowing him to be so powerful, and that the Countrey durst not displease him, declined the offer: Howbeit, at length, to gain his favor, in regard he had no small interest at Court, and might do him a kindness or a displeasure, was content for that one time he should perform it as he pleased; so that it might not be drawn into example afterwards: And to that purpose proposed, that Indentures should be made betwixt them.

WhereuponIbid. the Lord Nevill brought but few with him, and those more for the honor of the Prior then a burthen; and so, shortly after Dinner, took his leave, but left one of his servants to lodge there all night, and to take his Breakfast there on the next day: ProtestingIbid., that being both a Son and Tenant to the Church, he would not be burthensom to it, in respect it would be no advantage to himself, but might much damnifie it, if he should bring with him as great a Train as he would, saying, What doth a Breakfast signifie to me? Nothing.

And likewise, That if the Prior would shew that he had no right to what he so claimed, he would freely recede therefrom: And if he had a right, he would accept of a composition for it, rather then be burthensome to the Covent: But, if they should put him to get his right by Law, then he would not abate any thing thereof.

Whereupon inquiry being made amongst the eldest Monks of that House; they affirmed, that being of eight years standing when his Father was before repulsed, they had often seen the Stag offered; and that he never staid Dinner, but when the Prior invited him. And some ancient Men of the Country testified as much: As also, that so soon as the Stag was brought, they carried him to the Kitchin; and those who brought him, were taken into the Hall to Breakfast, as they that bring their Rents, used to be.

MoreoverIbid▪ , when it hapned any of the Lords Nevill to be desired to stay Dinner with the Prior, his Cook was admitted into the Kitchin to prepare a Dish for him: So likewise another servant in the Cellar, to chuse his Drink, and in like manner some other at the Gate, who knew his servants and followers; meerly to let them in, and keep out others, who, under pretence of being his servants, might then intrude: But this was only done by the Prior, as out of courtesie and respect, and not at all out of right.

HereuponIbid. Henry le Scrope, one of the Justices affirmed, That he had been of Counsel with Ranulph de Nevill (Father of this Ralph) when he brought his Writ of Novell Disseisin against the Prior; and then told him, that he had no right at all: Whereupon Ranulph let fall his Sute.

Some said, that, making this Claim out of his own Fee, he ought there (viz. in the Priory) to shew some special evidence to assert his Claim. Others, that as the Prior did challenge nothing of him, but what was reserved by the Grant; so could not be, unless he shewed a Charter for it. And besidesIbid., claiming to be entertained with as many as he should bring, and not specifying the number, there could be no lawful reason for it, because the Stag was always offered on Holy Rood day; whereupon grew an old Song in • ithme, as a lamentation for Robert de Nevill his Great Grandfather: Wel I wa, sal ys Hornes blaw Holy Rode this day; Nou es he dede, and lies law Was wont to blaw thain ay.

MoreoverIbid., it was farther said, that it never had been the custom of the Prior to make a Feast on that day, when the servants of so great a person were to offer: And that the Prior usually, on S. Cutbberts day, had wont to dine with the Bishop, at some of his own Mannor Houses; therefore, who should compel him to make a Feast at home? LikewiseIbid., that those Lands were given to the Ancestor of this Lord Nevill, when they were not such great Men, as to have a Marshal, a Boteler, and other servants of State; for in those days they had no more then Raby, with its Appurtenances, which was not then of so much worth, as now: For Brancepath and Raskelfe came to them since by marriage; as also other Lands in Yorkshire and Richmundshire: Therefore it could not be thought, that the Prior of Durham did give them Lands of such value, and purchase the service to be done for them at so high a rate, especially considering, that in the Priors Land Book not only all the services are exactly Registred; but whatsoever others ought to receive of him. And lastly, that there is not so much as mention of this service in any of their Chronicles.

To proceed. In 7 Edw. 3. this Ralph was Rot. Sco • . 7 Ed. 3. m. 2. one of the Commissioners assigned by the King, to go to the Parliament of Scotland, there to see, that the Covenants and Agreements made betwixt King Edward, and Edward de Baillol, King of Scots, were ratified and confirmed. And in 8 Edw. 3. was joynedRot. Scoc. 8 Ed. 3. m. 17. with Henry de Piercy, in the Wardenship of the Marches of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmerland.

In the same year he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 8 Ed. 3. m. 17. a Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland, for the purpose above expressed. And in 9 Ed. 3. (beingClaus. 9 Ed. 3. m. 7. still Steward of the Kings Houshold) had an AssignationClaus. 9 Ed. 3. m. 7. of Two hundred twenty six pounds and five shillings, for the wages of himself, and those Men at Arms, which he had retained for the Kings service in the Scottish Wars.

In the same year he was • entRot. Scoc. 9 Ed 3. m. 7. in Commission with William de Montacute, and some others, to treat and agree with Sir Andrew de Murref, a Knight of Scotland, for himself and his adherents, upon the differences which had occasioned Wars betwixt the People of both Kingdoms; and was likewise constituted Governor Rot. Fin. 9 Ed. 3 m. 16. of the Castle of Bambourgh.

In 11 Edw. 3. he was appointedRot Scoc. 11 Ed. • . m. 14. one of the Commissioners to treat and conclude with those Noblemen, and others, who were then to be imployed in the Scottish Wars, and to acquaint them more fully with the Kings Royal pleasure; as also touching their stay there, with the conditions thereof, beingIbid. m. 18. himself likewise in those Wars, having an AssignationClaus. 11 Ed. 3. p. 1. m. 32. of Three hundred forty six pound ten shillings four pence for his pay, as a Banneret, with his Men at Arms and Archers imployed in that service.

In 12 Edw. 3. taking into consideration Claus. 12 Ed. 3 •• p. 2. m. 19. the Kings want of Money for the publick service of this Realm, he lentClaus. 12 Ed. 3 •• p. 2. m. 19. him all his Wools in his Mannor of Faxfleet in Com. Ebor. upon promise to have restitution when the Receivers of Yorkshire should have so much come to their hands. In 13 Edw. 3. being stillClaus. 13 Ed 3. p. 3. m. 25. Warden of all the Forests on the North of Crent; the King taking intoClaus. 13 Ed 3. p. 3. m. 25. consideration his eminent services, in the Marches of Scotland, was pleased to allowClaus. 13 Ed 3. p. 3. m. 25. him so much in Fee, for his custody of the Marches, as other Wardens of the Forests had before that time out of the Exchequer, upon making their accompts.

In 14 Edw. 3. he obtained a CharterCart. 14 Ed. 3. n. 3 • . of Free-Warren in all his Lordships of Horsford, Houton, North Pikenham, and South Pikenham, in Com. Norf. Evre in Com. Buck. and Bliburgh in Com. Suff. And the same year had an allowanceClaus▪ 14 Ed. 3. p. 2 m. 9. of five hundred marks, towards the satisfaction of that charge he had been at in the Kings service in those Northern parts, to be received from the Collectors of the Subsidy in the Counties of Northumberland and Westmorland.

In 15 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Scoc. 15 Ed. 3. m. 2. again in the Wars of Scotland; and in 16 Edw. 3. constitutedRot. Scoc 16 Ed. 3. m. 15. one of the Kings Commissioners to treat with David de Brus, and other his adherents in Scotland, touching a final Peace. Moreover, uponPat. 16 Ed. • . p. • . m. 1. the marriage of Margaret his Daughter to William, Son and Heir of William Lord Ros, of Hamlake, at that time; the King, in consideration Ibid. of his especial services, gaveIbid. him the total benefit of her portion.

In 17 Edw. 3. he was constitutedoneRot. 〈◊〉 17 Ed. 3. m. • . of the Commissioners to treat with the Ambassadors of Philip de Valois, in the presence of the Pope, concerning certain Dominions, Dignities, Honors, and Lands, whereof there had been much variance betwixt them: As also appointedRot. Sco • . 17 Ed. 3. • . • . a Commissioner, together with the Bishops of Durham and Carli •• e, to see the Peace kept, which was concluded betwixt the King of France, for himself and the Scots, in the Marches, and elswhere. And the same year obtained a GrantRot. Fin. 17 Ed. 3. m. • . for the custody of two parts of the Lands of William de Ros of Hamlake, deceased, by reason of the minority of his Heir.

Being inEx Coll. R. Gl. S. that skirmish against the Scots at Barwick in Northumberland, he was there taken prisonerEx Coll. R. Gl. S., and carried to Dunbar, where he continued for a while in durance in the custodyEx Coll. R. Gl. S. of Patrick, Earl of Dunbar, but at length was redeemedEx Coll. R. Gl. S.; and in 19 Edw. 3. had LiveryClaus. 19 Ed. 〈◊〉 p. 1. m. • . of the Mannor of Clavering in Essex, upon the death of Hawise, the Widow of Iohn de Clavering; the Inheritance whereof had been formerly setledClaus. 19 Ed. 〈◊〉 p. 1. m. • . upon him, for lack of Issue-male by the said Iohn. In 20 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 in that Battle of Durham against the Scots, wherein King David was taken 〈…〉 prisoner, having an eminent command 〈…〉 in the Van of the English Army; for which service in Scotland, as aforesaid (which the King gratefullyRot. Scoc. 21 Ed. 3. m. • . acknowledged) he had in 21 Edw. 3. an A •• gnation Rot. Scoc. 21 Ed. 3. m. • . of a hundred pound; as also LicensePat 2 • Ed 3. p. 3. m. 10. to amortise one Messuage, one Carucate of Land, two Acres of Meadow, and seven marks yearly Rent in Sheriff- • oton, for the maintenance of two Priests, to celebrate Divine Service daily in the Parish Church there, for the good estate of himself, during his life, and afterwards for the health of his Soul; as also for the Soul of his Father and Mother, and all his Ancestors.

In 24 Edw. 3. he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 24 Ed. 3. m. • . one of the Kings Commissioners, to treat with the Prelates and Nobles of Scotland, at York, touching a firm Peace betwixt both Realms. And in 25 Edw. 3. hadRot. Scoc. 25 Ed • m 5. the like Commission (with others) to treat with some of the Nobles of Scotland, at Hexham in Northumberland, touching the enlargement of David de Bru • , King of Scotland, and making the like Peace. Upon which Agreement it being resolvedIbid m▪ 3., that David should have liberty to go into Scotland, and return again, he was one of the Commissioners appointedIbid m▪ 3. to take his Oath so to do; and by another CommissionIbid. m. 2. authorised, with the Lord Percy, and others, to see that the Peace concluded on, should be firmly kept.

In 26 Edw. 3. he was joynedRot. Sco • . 26 Ed. 3. m • . with Gilbert de Vmfranvill, Earl of Anegos, and Henry Lord Percy, in the custody of the Marches towards Northumberland; as alsoRot. 〈◊〉 26 Ed. 3. m • . for Arraying all Men of Body able, and Estate sufficient, within that County of Northumberland, to prevent an invasion of the French then threatned.

In 27 Edw. 3. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 27 Ed. 3. m • . one of the Commissioners to treat with the Nobles of Scotland at Newcastle upon Tine, for the delivery of David de Brus from imprisonment, and concluding a final Peace betwixt both Realms; as also constitutedIbid. m. 3. one of the Wardens of the Marches towards Cumberland and Westmorland. And in 28 Edw. 3. joyned with the Bishop of Durham, and others, as a Commissioner Rot. Scoc. 〈◊〉 Ed. 3. m. 2. ▪ to treat with the Scots for the inlargement of David de Brus, still prisoner in England.

In 29 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Scoc. 〈◊〉 Ed. 3. m. 1. again in the Wars of Scotland; and continued Governor of B •• wick, from 13 Ian. for a full quarter of that year. Again, in 30 Edw. 3. he was joynedRot. Scoc. 30 Ed. 3. m. 6. with the same Bishop of Durham, and others, to treat and conclude about the redemption of David de Brus, still prisoner, and for a firm Peace. And in 31 Edw. 3. withRot. Scoc. 31 Ed. 3. m • . Henry de Percy, to see the Truce observed toward the East Marches.

In 33 Edw. 3. he attendedRot. Vas • on. 33 E 3 m. 13. 〈◊〉 , f. • 00 a. the King in his expedition then made into France; and the next ensuing year, marchedFroisard, f. 104 a. with him to 〈◊〉 , and put himself in ambushFroisard, f. 104 a., with the Lord Moubray, and other Knights, about three leagues from Parts, expecting that the French would issue out; which hapnedFroisard, f. 104 a. accordingly: Whereupon, after a sharp skirmish, the French wereFroisard, f. 104 a. worsted.

In 35 Edw. 3. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 35 Ed. 3. m. 3. one of the Wardens of the Marches towards England; likewise, in 36 Edw. 3. a CommissionerRot. Scoc. 36 Ed. 3. m. 3., to see that the Peace newly concluded on betwixt both Realms, should be punctually observed, and in 39 E. 3. received commandRot Scoc. 39 Ed. 3. m. 4. to repair to the Marches of 〈◊〉 , with all his power, for the safeguard of those parts.

In 4 Edw. 3. he was again joyned in Commission Rot. Scoc. 40 Ed. 3. m. 2. with the Lord Percy, for the custody of the Marches, and conservation of the Peace made with the Scots. So likewiseRot. Scoc. 41 Ed. 3. m. 5., in 41 Edw. 3. And the same year sentFroisard, lib. 1 & • . 150 a. into 〈◊〉 , with the same Lord Percy, and others, to keep the Frontiers of that Province.

This Ralph gavePat. 38 Ed. 3. p 2. m 3 Mon. Ang •• c Vol. 2. 461. a. n. 6 • & b. n. 10. eleven Messuages, four Oxgangs, two Acres, and an half of Land, and ten Acres of Meadow, lying in Snape, to the Hospital of 〈◊〉 (near Bedal) for the celebration of Divine Service there, according to the tenor of a special Ordination by him made, viz. For three Priests, who were to perform that service, for the good estate of himself, during this life; and for the health of his Soul, and the Souls of his Ancestors after his departure hence. And moreover, gaveMonast Angl •• ut supra 16 • b. n. 50. to the Canons of •• dlington, out of his Quarrey at F • ve • e, a sufficient proportion of Stone, for the new Fabrick of their Church, and other Buildings.

But the next ensuing year (viz. 41 Edw. 3.) upon the fifth of August, he departed 〈…〉 this life, and was buried 〈…〉 in the Church of Durham, on the South side thereof, being the first 〈…〉 S • cular Person that had Sepulture there: Which favor he obtained 〈…〉 from the Prior and Covent, for a Vestment of Red Velvet, richly embroidered with Gold, Silk, great Pearls, and Images of Saints standing in Tabernacles, by him given to S. Cuthbert: His Body being brought in a Chariot drawn with seven Horses, unto the bounds of the Churchyard, and then carried upon the Shoulders of Knights into the middle of the Church; where the Abbot of S Maries in York, (by reason 〈…〉 of the Bishops absence, and impotency of the Prior) performed 〈…〉 the office of the dead, and celebrated the morrow Mass, at which were offered 〈◊〉 . eight Horses, viz. Four for the War, with four Men Armed, and all their Harness and Habiliments; and four other for Peace: As alsoIbid. three Cloaths of Gold of Blew colour, enterwoven with Flowers. Four of which Horses were after the Funeral, redeemedIbid. by Iohn de Nevill his Son and Heir, for a hundred marks.

Besides all which, Alice his Widow sentIbid to the Sacrist one hundred twenty pounds in Silver, to be employed in the repair of that Cathedral; and moreover gaveIbid thereto, for celebrating of his Anniversary, one Vestment, two Tunicles, one Cope, three Albs, three Stoles▪ four Maniples of Black Sattin; and another Vestment to be used at the Celebration of the Sacrament, embroidered with the Arms of Nevill and Audley (she being the Daughter of Hugh Lord Audley.)

This last mentioned Ralph Lord Nevill had likewise two younger Sons, viz. Sir Rob • rt Rot. Vas • . 39 Ed. 3. m. 5 • . de Nevill, and Sir William de Nevill, both Knights. Which Sir Robert, in 35 Edw. 3. had been retained Ex Aut • gr. penès 〈◊〉 . Pell. to serve the King in his Wars of 〈◊〉 for one hundred marks per annum. And in 38 & 39 Edw. 3. wasRot. Vas • . 38 Ed. 3. m. • . Rot. Vas • . 39 Ed 3. m. 5. of the Retinue to Prince Edward. Nor was Sir William less active in Military Affairs; for having obtained LicensePat. 40 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 33. & m. • . in 40 Edw. 3 to travell (beingPat. 40 Ed. 3. p. 2. m. 33. & m. • . then a Knight) in 46 Edw. 3. he became of the RetinueFroisar • , f. 188 a, b. to the Earl of Salisbury, (that great Soldier) and taking shippingFroisar • , f. 188 a, b. with him in 〈◊〉 , landed Froisar • , f. 188 a, b. in 〈◊〉 , where they relievedFroisar • , f. 188 a, b. the Castle of Brest, then besieged by the French. But before the end of that year, he was retained Ex Autogr. penès Cleric. Pell. to serve the King, as Admiral towards the North, with forty Men at Arms, and forty Archers. So likewiseIbid. in 47 Edw. 3. (being still AdmiralIbid.) with sixty Men at Arms, and sixty Archers.

In 1 Rich. 2. he was also retainedIbid. to serve that King, with ten Men at Arms, and ten Archers; and in 7 Rich. 2. imployed againRot. 〈◊〉 . 7 R. 2 m. 21. in the Wars of France. Moreover, in 8 Rich. 2. beingRot Scoc. 8 R. 2. m. 3. then a Knight of the Kings Chamber, he was constituted Rot Scoc. 8 R. 2. m. 3. one of the Commissioners, to treat of Peace betwixt the King, and Robert, then King of Scotland; and in 10 Rich 2. wasTho. Wals. 538. n. 10. one of the cheif of that Sect, then called Lollards. But after this, I find no farther of him.

The Lands whereof the before specified Ralph Lord Nevill died seisedEsc. 41 Ed. 3. n. 47., were these; viz. The Mannor of B • burgh in Com. Suff. The Mannor and half Hundred of Clavering in Essex; as also the Advowson of the Chantry of the Chappel of S. Iohn the Evangelist there; the Mannor of 〈◊〉 in Com. Northampt. the Mannors of Newborne and Werkworth in Com. Northumbr. Of Sutton in • altres, Sheriff-Hoton, Hewelington; the Castle and Mannor of Middleham, the Mannor of Thoraldby, with its Members; the Mannors of Stokesley, Faxfleet, South-Cave, Kirkby super Wherff, Rand. and Raskelff, all in Com. Ebor. Besides his Castles and Lordships in the Bishoprick of Durham.

Whereupon Alice his Widow, had for her Dowry an AssignationClaus. 41 Ed. 3. m 4. of the Mannors of Crakhall, Raskelff, Carleton, Well, and New Bigging; the Sheep-walk called Mild-Paracote, and Cauncewithe-Wood, as also the moity of all his Lands in Coverdale. Moverover, the third part of the Pasture of Wendslagh-Dale in Richmondshire, and forty pound six shillings eight pence Rent issuing out of the Lordship of Sutton in Galtres; twenty pound Rent out of the Mannor of 〈◊〉 in Com. Northumbr. And fifty one pound seven shillings half penny Rent out of the Cornage of Cumberland. Which Alice afterwards became the Wife 〈…〉 of Ralph Lord Greystoke; and departed 〈…〉 this life upon the Octaves of the Epiphany, An. 1374. (48 Edw. 3.)

I now come to Iohn de Nevill, Son and Heir to this last mentioned Ralph. In 20 Edw. 3. this Iohn was 〈…〉 with his Father in the Battle of Durham; and in 34 Edw. 3. being 〈…〉 in France with the King, and one of those who was appointed 〈…〉 to go with Sir Walter Manny, to skirmish at the Barriers of Paris (the Duke of Normandy lying there) he was Knighted 〈…〉 with the Lord Fitz-Walter. In 40 Edw. 3. he went 〈…〉 again to the Wars of France; and in 41 Edw. 3. doing his homage, had Livery 〈…〉 of all the Lands in Scotland, whereof his Father died seised.

In 42 Edw. 3. he was constituted 〈…〉 one of the Commissioners for the custody of the East Marches toward Northumberland. So likewise 〈…〉 in 43 Edw. 3.

In 44 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 again in the Wars of France, and the same year retained by Indenture 〈…〉 to serve the King with forty Men at Arms, a hundred Archers, and a hundred Marriners; and afterwards 〈…〉 with a hundred Men at Arms, a hundred Archers, and two hundred Marriners, being then constituted 〈…〉 Admiral of his Fleet, from the Mouth of Thames, to the Northwards.

In this year also he was retained by Indenture 〈…〉 with Iohn, Duke of Lancaster, to serve him, during life, both in time of War and Peace; and inconsideration thereof, to receive fifty marks per annum, in time of Peace, out of the Lands of Danby and Forset in 〈◊〉 ; as also to have diet for himself, one Knight, two Esquires, two Chamberlains, with their Grooms and Horses, at the charge of the Duke.

Moreover, in time of War, to attend the Duke with twenty Men at Arms, whereof six to be Knights, himself accounted, and twenty Archers on Horsback, well mounted and arrayed: And for all these, to have five hundred marks per annum, besides such wages of War, as the King should allow unto the Duke, for himself and his retinue, or to any other Lords. But for the Wars of Scotland, to serve him with fifty Men at Arms, and as many Archers, and to have Wages accordingly.

In 45 Edw. 3. he was again in 〈…〉 Commission for the custody of the East Marches; and likewise sent 〈…〉 to the Wars of France. So also in 〈…〉 46 Edw. 3. being then retained 〈…〉 to serve the King in Britanny with three hundred Men at Arms, and three hundred Archers, for a quarter of that year. Moreover, after that, he was retained 〈…〉 to serve the King in his Wars at Sea, for one whole year, with a hundred twenty Men at Arms, and two hundred Archers, whereof himself (then a Banneret) fourteen Knights, and a hundred eight Archers.

In this year, about 〈…〉 the Feast of the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist, he made 〈…〉 that new work of Marble and Alablaster in the Church of Durham, under the Shrine of S. Cuthbert, which cost above two hundred pound, and was sent Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 798. by the King (and divers other English Nobles) with Edward Baillol, to enter Scotland by Barwick. The same year he also attendedIbid pag. • 01. the King thither; and wasIbid. pag. • 01. with him at the Siege of Dn • bar.

In 47 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Aleman. 47 Ed. 3. m. 〈◊〉 . again in the Wars of France. So likewise inRot▪ Franc. 48 Ed. 3. n. 18. 48 Edw. 3. And in Rot. Fin. 51 Ed. 3. m. • . 51 Edw. 3. in the Marches of Scotland, to settle all things in quiet, in reference to the injuries done by the Subjects of each Kingdom to one another.

In 1 Rich. 2. he obtained a CharterRot. Car • 1 R, 2. n 9. for a weekly Market upon the Munday at his Mannor of Sheriff-Hoton in Com. Ebor. and a Fair yearly on the Eve of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, the day, and two days following; as also a weeklyIbid. n. 1 • . Market every Tuesday at his Mannor. of Clavering in Essex; with a Fair yearly to begin on the Eve of S. Iohn Port-Latine, the day, and two days after. And, for as much as it was then resolvedRot. Scoc. 1 R 2▪ m. 6. Pat 1 R. • . p. 2. m. 7. by the King and his Council; that, being one of the Wardens of the Marches of Scotland, it would be expedient, that he should constantly reside there for the defence of those parts; he was, for that respect, constitutedRot. Scoc. 1 R 2▪ m. 6. Pat 1 R. • . p. 2. m. 7. Governor of Bambourgh Castle, and had that strong place assigned for his abode during life, with those twenty six marks per annum, which the Inhabitants of that Town had usually paid into the Exchequer; as alsoPat. 1 R. • p. 2. m. 13. the Reversion after the death of Sir Robert de Moubray Knight, in case he should decease without Heir-male of his Body, of the Mannor of Bolton in Allerdale, to hold to himself and the Heirs-male of his Body.

In 2 Rich. 2. he was constitutedEx Autogr. penès Clen • . Pell. Lieutenant of the Dutchy of Aquitane. In which year, the Scots having surprisedFroisard, f. 10 •• . Barwick upon Twede, he was sentFroisard, f. 10 •• . thither with the Earl of Northumberland from Alnwick; and after a short SiegeFroisard, f. 10 •• . won it.

Being SeneschalIb. 212 b. & 213 a. of Bourdeaux at this time; and Mau • erne gainedIb. 212 b. & 213 a. by Siege, he repaired Ib. 212 b. & 213 a. the Fortress there. In 4 Rich. 2. being still LieutenantRot. Vasc. 4 R. 2. m. 17. of Aquitane, he continnedRot. Vasc. 4 R. 2. m. 17. in those parts. And in 5 Rich. 2. having married Rot. Fin. 5 R. • . m. 22. Elizabeth the sole Daughter and Heir of Sir William de Latimer Knight, had LiveryRot. Fin. 5 R. • . m. 22. of the Lands of her Inheritance, his homage being respited Rot. Fin. 5 R. • . m. 22., by reason he then had issue by her.

In the same year he was again joyned in Commission Rot. Scoc. 5 R. 2. m. 2. with the Bishop of Durham, and others, for the safe custody of the East and West Marches. In this year likewise he obtained LicensePat. 5 R. 2. p. 2. m. 21. to make a Castle of his House of Sheriff-Hoton in Com. Ebor. And in 6 Rich. 2. was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 2 R. 2. m • . one of the Wardens of the East Marches; as also a CommissionerIbid. m. 6. to treat with the Ambassadors of Scotland, touching a Peace betwixt both Kingdoms.

In 7 Rich. 2. he was again constitutedRot. Scoc. 7 R 2. m 2. a Commissioner, with the Bishops of Durham and Car ••• e, to Treat of Peace with those from Scotland; as also oneIbid. m. • . of the Commissioners, for receiving that sum of twenty four thousand marks, in full satisfaction of an hundred thousand marks, for the Ransome of David, King of Scots; and likewiseIbid. m. 5., one of the Wardens of the East Marches. And in 8 Rich. 2. again appointed Rot Scoc. 8 R. 2. m. • . one of the Commissioners to treat of Peace betwixt the King, and Robert, King of Scotland; as also for the custodyIb • d m. 5 & m. 8. of the West and East Marches; so likewiseRo • . Scoc. 9 R 2. m. 1., in 9 R. 2. and to treat of Peace betwixt both Kingdoms. In which year the King acknowledgingIbid. m. 3. Pat. 9 R. 2. • 2 m. 25., that he had borrowed of him two thousand marks in his great necessity, assignedIbid. m. 3. Pat. 9 R. 2. • 2 m. 25. unto him the receipt of five hundred marks thereof, out of his Customes of Wools in the Port of London.

In 10 Rich. 2. he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 10 R. 2. m. 4. sole Warden of the East Marches towards Scotland; as also a CommissionerIbid. • . 7. to treat of Peace betwixt both Realms. The like power he had given him, to treatRot. Scoc. 〈◊〉 R 2. m. 2. of Peace the next ensuing year.

It is reportedEx C • ll. R. Gl. S. of this Iohn, Lord Nevill, that he was sometime imployed against the Turks; and that, being Lieutenant of Aquitane, he reduced that Province to quiet, which had been wasted by Wars with the French; and that in his service in those parts, he won, and had rendred to him, eighty three Walled Towns, Castles, and Forts.

He first took to WifeEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Maud, the Daughter of the Lord Percy, by whom he had issueEx Coll. R. Gl. S. Ralph, his Son and Heir. And secondlyIbid., Elizabeth, Daughter and Heir to William, Lord Latimer of Danby, by whom he had issueIbid. Iohn, afterwards Lord Latimer, who died without issue; whereupon his Lands came to Ralph, Earl of Westmorland (his Brother) by aIbid. special Feoffment; the Inheritance whereof were given Ibid. by that Earl to his Son George.

This is all that I have seen of him till his death, which hapnedEsc 12 R. 2. n. 40. at Newcastle upon Tine, 17 Octob. 12 Rich. 2. being the Feast day of S. Luke the Evangelist; and that he was buriedEx Regist. 〈◊〉 E • cles ut supra 139 b. on the Southside the Body of the Church at Durham: Being then seisedEsc. 12 R. 2. n. • 0. Claus. 12 R. 2. m. 31. of the Mannor and half Hundred of Clavering in Com. Essex, the Mannors of Isenhamstead Lacimer, Crowley and Broughton, in Com. Buck. Dylewike, Wotton, Kerkington, Ronhale, Bromham, Sutton, and Stratton juxta Biecleswade, and Potton juxta Sutton in Com. Bedf. Wi • lby and Carlton juxta Rockingham in Com. Northampt. Of the Mannor of Carbroke called Woodhal, in Com. Norf. Helpringham and Skekington in Com. Linc. Bolton, Gamelesby, and Unthank, in Com. Cumbr. Bywel, Styford, and the Castle of Bamburgh, in Com. Northumbr. Danby with the Hamlets of Cromecliff, Glassdale, and Le • om; the Mannors of Thornton in Pickering-Lithe, Scamston, Sinelington, Tiverington, Leverton, Sheriff-Hoton, Duenby; two parts of the Mannor of Walton; the Mannors of Risebergh, Stokesley, Hemelington, Sutton in Galtres; Well with the Advowson of the Hospital, Snape, Crakehall, Middleham, Carleton, Coverdale, and Thoraldby, all in Com. Ebor. Twenty Knights Fees in Sharnebroke, Pabenham, Hinewike, Thorncote, Carlton, Turbey, Stachesden, Wotton, Bromham, Bidenham, Houghton-Conquest, Horcliff, Chalgrave, Eversholt, Potsgrave, Chikesand, Stotfold, Stondon, Helew, South Yevel, Stanford, Wardon, Rerdinton, Conpoll, Wiliton, Harewedon, Wrastlingworth, Caddelow, Wi • ol • ston, Bereford, Ronhale, Ravensden, Goldington, Rish, Belnhurst, Eaisho, Aspel, and Astwike; as also of divers Lands in B •• da • e and Scotton, and four pound Rent issuing out of ten Ox-gangs in Rillington, in Com. Ebor. Leaving Sir Ralph de Nevil Knight, his Son and Heir, then twenty four years of age.

Which Elizabeth (second Wife to the deceased Ralph) being afterwards marriedEsc. • 9 〈◊〉 • . n. 51. Et Esc. 5 H. 4. n. 28 to Sir Robert de Willoughby Knight, departedEsc. • 9 〈◊〉 • . n. 51. Et Esc. 5 H. 4. n. 28 this life 5 Nov. 19 Rich. 2. leaving Iohn de Latimer her next heirEsc. • 9 〈◊〉 • . n. 51. Et Esc. 5 H. 4. n. 28, then thirteen years of age.

At the Funeral of Mand his first Wife, there were offeredEx Registro Dunelm. Eccles. ut supra f. 139 a. in the Church of Durham, six Cloaths of Gold, whereof several Vestments were made, viz. Two for the High Altar; as also one Chesible and two Tunicles.

But I return to Ralph.

In 7 Rich. 2. this Ralph Ralph. was joyned in Commission Rot. Sco • . 7 R. 2. m. 8. with Henry, Earl of Northumberland, and the Lord Nevil of Raby, his Father, (with others) for receiving that twenty four thousand marks (formerly mentioned) in full satisfaction of the Ransome of David de Brus, King of Scotland.

In 9 Rich. 2. he was (together with Thomas, Son to the Lord Clifford) made GovernorPat. 9 R. • . p. 1. m. 22. of the Castle and City of Carlisle; and likewise, a CommissionerRot. Scoc. 9 R. 2 m. 1., for the Guardianship of the West Marches; all this being in his Fathers life time: And in 12 Rich. 2. doing his homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 12 R. 2. m. 20. of his Lands. Moreover, the same year (after his Fathers death) he was joyned in CommissionRot. Scoc. 12 R. 〈…〉 with the Earl of Northumberland, and others, in the Government of the City of Carlisle, and custody of the West Marches. About which time he also obtained the Kings CharterRot. Cart. 12 R. 2. n. 〈◊〉 . for a weekly Market every Munday at his Lordship of Middleham in Com. Ebor. As also an yearly Fair on the Feast day of S. Alkeld the Virgin; and likewise leave to inclose his Woods at Raskelff, adjoyning to the Forest of Galtres; and to make a Park there, with three Deer-leaps, being then constituted WardenPat 12 R. 2. p 2. m. 8. of all the Kings Forests beyond Trent for life.

In 14 Rich. 2. he was made oneRot. Sco • . 14 R. 2. m. 2. of the Commissioners to treat with those from the Kings of France and Scotland, touching the observation of the Truce made betwixt the King of England, and them: And in 18 Rich. 2. was joyned in the like CommissionRot. • ran • . 18 R. 2. m. 3., to treat of Peace with the Scots.

In this year he obtained LicensePat. 18 R. 2. p. • . m. 15. from the King, to enfeoff Iohn de Nevill, his Son and Heir, and Elizabeth the Daughter of Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, in all his Lands at Sutton in Galtres; to hold to them, and the Heirs of their two Bodies lawfully begotten. And in 20 Rich. 2. obtainedPat 20 R. 2. p. 2. m. 17. the Castle of Warke upon Twede, from Sir Iohn Mountague Knight, in exchange for certain other Lands.

In 21 Rich. 2. (21 Dec.) he was made Constable Pat. 21 R 2. p. 1. m. 18. • of the Tower of London. Shortly after which, viz. in the Parliament begun after Christmas, the King advancedTh. Wals. in A. 1398. p 392. n. 10▪ Pat. 1 H. 4. p. 2. m. 17. Rot. Parl. 2 R. 2 n 35 him to the Title of Earl of Westmorland.

BeingEx Coll. R. Gl. 8. of the Privy Council to that King, he obtainedEx Coll. R. Gl. 8. from him the Honor of Penreth, with its Appurtenances; as alsoPat. 21 R 2. p. 3. m. 1. all those Royalties in the County of Westmorland, which justly belonged to the Crown, and which had been unduly withheld by the Heirs of Robert de Vipount, to enjoy during his life. And from Ex Coll. R. Gl. s. Iohn of Gant, Duke of Lancaster, had a Grant of Fiendeleze in Richmondshire; but uponTh Wals. p. 395. n. 30. the landing of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, at Ravenspur (who had been banished in 21 Rich. 2.) this Earl, with other of the Nobles, who fearedTh Wals. p. 395. n. 30. the Kings tyranny, met him; and was oneIbid. 396. n. 30. 〈◊〉 20. or those who attended him at Westminster, upon the morrow after Michaelmas-day, where, and at which time, King Richard made a formal resignationIbid. 396. n. • 0. 〈◊〉 20. of the Government, desiringIbid. 396. n. • 0. 〈◊〉 20., that the same Henry, Duke of Lancaster, might succeed him therein.

Which Henry (thereupon King, by the name of Henry the Fourth) in the first year of His Reign, gaveIb. p. 400. Pat. 1 H. 4. p. 1. m. 17. unto this Earl, the County and Honor of Richmond for term of life, constituting Pat. 1 R 4. p 1. m. 15. him likewise Earl Marshal of England.

Soon after which, adhering firmly to that King, he stoutly re • isted • x C • ll. R. 〈◊〉 . S. the Earl of Northumberland, in his Rebellious attempts; and forced • x C • ll. R. 〈◊〉 . S. him with his Army, which was advanced almost as far as Durham, back to Proudho • ; whereupon Henry Hotspur, (Son to that Earl) was routed and slainIbid. in the Battle of Shrewsbury.

In 2 Hen. 4. he was constitutedRot. Franc. 2 H. 4. m. 16. one of the Commissioners to treat with Rupert, King of Romans, touching a marriage betwixt Lewes, the eldest Son of Rupert, and Blanch, eldest Daughter to King Henry the Fourth; and the same year made GovernorEx Autogr. pen • s Cleric. Pell. of the Town and Castle of Carlisle, as alsoEx Autogr. pen • s Cleric. Pell. Warden of the West Marches toward Scotland. And in 3 Hen. 4. GovernorRot Scoc. 3 H. 4. m. 2. of Roxborough Castle in Scotland, for ten years. Moreover, in 6 Hen. 4. oneRot. Scoc. 6 H. 4. m. 4. of the Commissioners to treat with the King of Scots, or such persons as he should appoint, upon the twenty fourth of March at Han • en-stank, upon a Truce betwixt both Kingdoms: In which year he obtained a Charter Rot. Cart. • H. 4 • n. 9. for Free Warren in his Lordship of Kett • ewel in Craven, with liberty to Impark three hundred Acres of Land there.

And the same year, upon that InsurrectionTh. Wals. p 414. n. 40. & • 15. n 10 & 20. • x Coll. R. Gl. S. of Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, and Thomas Moubray, Earl Marshal, at Schupton-Moor near York, making a seemingTh. Wals. p 414. n. 40. & • 15. n 10 & 20. • x Coll. R. Gl. S. compliance with that Bishop, he took him prisonerTh. Wals. p 414 n. 40 & • 15. n 10 & 20. • x Coll. R. Gl. S., without any fight, and deliveredTh. Wals. p 414 n. 40 & • 15. n 10 & 20. • x Coll. R. Gl. S. him to the King.

In 10 Hen. 4. he procured the Kings Charter Rot Cart. de An 10. 11, & 12 H. 4. n. 21. for Free-chase in all his Demesn-Lands at Kett • ewel beforementioned: And in 12 Hen. 4. was again constitutedRot Scoc. 12 H. 4. m. 12. one of the Commissioners to treat with those from Scotland upon a General Truce.

In 3 Hen. 5. he obtained a CharterCart • & 4 H 5. n 1. from the King, for Free-chase in all his Lands of Burton in Bishop dale, Walden, West Witton, and Penhil. In 6 Hen. 5. he wasTh. Wals. 445. with the King at the Siege of • ame in Normandy. And in 1 Hen. 6. again constitutedPat. • & 2 H. 6. m. 5. one of the Commissioners to treat with Iames, King of Scotland, for a firm Peace betwixt both Realms.

This Earl Ralph • oundedEx Coll R. Gl. S. the Collegiate Church at Staindrope, in the Bishoprick of Durham, for one Master, six Priests, six Clerks; six Esquires, six Grooms, and six poor people; amply endowing it with Lands and Revenues.

And having wedded two Wiv • s, viz. Margaret, Daughter ofCatal. of Nob. by R • . Hugh, Earl Sta • ford, (for which Marriage, a special DispensationEx ipso Autoger, nuper in castro de Stafford. from Pope Vrban the Fifth was obtained, in regard Ex ipso Autoger, nuper in castro de Stafford. they were within the third and fourth degrees of Consanguinity) who dying • . Iunii, An. 1370. (44 Edw. 3.) was buriedEx Coll. R. Gl S. in the Quire at Brancepath;) and Ioane; the DaughterPat. 22 • . 2. p 3 m. 〈◊〉 per laspex. of Iohn of Gant, Duke of Lancaster, Widow Pat. 22 • . 2. p 3 m. 〈◊〉 per laspex. of Sir Robert Ferrers (of 〈◊〉 ) Knight (who diedEsc. 19 H 6. n. 40. 13 Nov. 19 Hen. 6.) and was buried 〈…〉 at Lincoln) departedEsc. 4 H. 6. n. 37. this life 21 Oc • ols. 4 Hen. 6. (and lieth buried in the midst of the Quire at Staindr • pe, unde ••• stately Tomb, whereon are the Figures of himself, and both his wives) being then seisedEsc. 4 H. 6. n. 37. of the Mannor of Stiford in Com. Northumbr. As also of the Mannor of Bostou, called Burt •• all (on the East part of the River) the Seke of Muniby; the Mannors of Wikes, Frompton, Ledenham, Fi •• eck; and Was • ing ••• gh, in Com. Linc. The Mannor of Chesthunt in Com. Hertf. Clavering and Calmore in Com. Essex; the Castle and Mannor of Sheriff-Hoton; the Mannors of Elinington, Sklepembeck, Yaresthorp, Raskel, Howke, Soreby, Wiberfosse, Stanfordbrigge, Haunt-Burton, K • ayton, Rise, Sutton super Da • went, Shithorne, in Herford-Lithe; Apelton in Ridale, the Castle, Mannor and Lordship of Middelham; the Mannors of Carlton, Coverdale, West Witon, Woodhal, Kettlewel in Craven; Thoraldby, New-Bigg •• g, with Bishopdale, Bainbrigge, Esi • gwold, and Hoby; Gilling, Aldeburgh, • owes, Forset, Danby, Catrike, Arkelgarthdale, and New forest, also of the Castle of Richmond, with its Members, the Mannors of Snape, Well, Crakhal, Rand, Newton, East Hawkeswel, Ruskby, Faceby, Earlton, in Eleveland; Hllderwel, Caldingston, South Couton, Fergherby, Leybourne; Sutton in Galtres, with the Bailiwick of Longbergh, all in the County of York. Likewise of the Mannor of Balingbourne in Cambridgeshire; Penreth, Soureby, the Hamle • s of Langwathby, Scoutby, Carleton, Lidell, Gamelesby, Blener • asset; Wigton in Allerdase; and Bolton in Allerdale, all in Com. Cumbr. Leaving Ralph Nevill Ibid. his Grandson (viz. Son of Iohn, his eldest Son, who deceased in his life time) his next heir, thenIbid. Nineteen years of age.

Which Ioane (the second,) Wise of this Earl Ralph, FoundedPat. 16 H. 6. p. 1. m 5. a Chantry at the Altar, where Katherine (Swinford) her Mother, lay buried, in the Cathedral Church of Lincolne, for two Priests to celebrate Divine Service daily thereat, for the good estate of King Henry the Sixth, Henry, Cardinal of England, and of her self, during this life; and for their Souls after their departure hence: As also for the Souls of K. Henry the Fourth, Iohn of Gant, Duke of Lancaster, Katherine (Swinford) his wife, Ralph, Earl of Westmorland, her late Husband; and all their Ancestors and Benefactors; and departed 〈…〉 this life 13 Nov. 19. Hen. 6. leaving Richard Nevill, then Earl of Salisbury, her Son and Heir, 〈…〉 forty years of age.

But I return to Iohn, eldest Son to this last mentioned Ralph.

This Iohn, Iohn. in 12 Hen. 4. was made Governor Rot. Scoc. 〈◊〉 H 4. m. 10. of the Castle of Roxborough in Scotland, for ten years: And in 2 Hen. 5. constituted R •• . Scoc. 2 H. 5. m. 18. Warden of the West Marches toward Scotland. Moreover, in 3 Hen. 5. joyned in Commission Pat. 3 H. 5. p • m 6. with the Lord Grey of Codnore, to receive Henry the Son of Sir Henry Percy Knight, at the hands of the Duke of Albany, Governor of Scotland, and to bring him to the King.

In 5 Hen. 5. being still WardenRot. Scoc. 5 H 5. m. 6. of the West Marches, and the Kings LieutenantRot. Scoc. 5 H 5. m. 6. there, he had a special CommissionRot. Scoc. 5 H 5. m. 6. to conclude a Truce with the Scots, from two Moneths to two Moneths. In which year he was made Governor Pat. 5 H▪ 5. m 21. of the Town and Castle of Ueruoil in▪ France; and soon after had another Commission Ibid. m. 16. to receive all, and all manner of Castles, Lordships, Forts, Cities, Towns, and other places, in France and Normandy, into his hands, for the Kings behoof; as also to assault and subdue those which yielded not, and to place Garrisons in them.

Lastly, having married Elizabeth, Daughter Catal of Nob. by R. B. of Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent; he departed Catal of Nob. by R. B. this life in An. 1423. (2 Hen. 6.) his Father then living; and liethSto •• s Survey, 345. buried in the Gray Friers Church in London.

Which Elizabeth beingClaus. 9 H 9. m. • 6. the fifth Sister and Coheir to Edmund, Earl of Kent; upon Partition of the Lands of Edmund her Brother, had for her Purparty, an AssignationRot. Fin. 11 H. 4. m. 13. of the Mannors of Hornlington and Aton; as also a certain Pasture called Colpighil, Youland, Northaverflat, on the North; Raulinflat, Senederningham, Westhel, Langlands, Twelfhendes, Northaverflat, on the South; the Leys near Thurstanslat; a certain Pasture called Benerclolt, extending to Hulgot in Com. Ebor. The Mannor of Athford in the Peke in Com. Derb. And Allerton in Shirewood in Com. Nottingh. As alsoRot. Fin. 12 H. 4. m. 7. the Mannor and Hundred of Liston, the Mannors of Kenton, Shaftbery, Chatescumb: A Fee-farm of eighteen pound four shillings four pence Rent, from the Abbot of Clive, for the Mannor of Brompton in Com. Dorset. And twenty six pound twenty pence Fee-farm of the Mannor and Town of Balingstoke, with the Hundred; and departedEsc. 1 H. 6. n. 45. this life upon Friday next before the Feast of the Epiphany, 1 Hen. 6.

¶The other Children of this Earl Ralph, were these, viz. Catal. of Nob. by R. B. By Margaret his first Wife, Ralph, who weddedRot. Fin. 13 H. 4. m. 14. Claus 9 H. 5 m. • 6. Mary, the Daughter and Coheir to Sir Robert Perrers of Oversky in Com. War. Knight; Maud married to Peter Lord Mauley; Alice to Sir Thomas Gray of Heton, and after to Sir Gilbert de Lancaster; Philippa to Thomas Lord Dacres of Gillefland; Margaret to Richard Lord Scrope of Bolton; Anne to Sir Gilbert de Humfranvile Knight; Margery, Abbess of Berking; and Elizabeth, a Nun at the Minoresses in London. And by Ioane his second Wife, eight Sons, viz. Richard Nevill, Earl of Salisbury; William Lord Fauconberge; George Lord Latimer; Edward Lord Bergavenny; Robert, Bishop of Durham, (of all which, I shall speak farther by and by) Cuthbert, Henry, and Thomas, who died without issue: And five Daughters, viz. Catherine, first married to Iohn Monbray, Duke of Norfolk, and afterwards 〈…〉 to Sir Iohn Widvile Knight, Son of Richard, Earl Rivers; Eleanor (elswhere called Elizabeth Mon Anglic. Vol. 1. 158 • . n. 5.) firstMon Anglic. Vol. 1. 158 • . n. 5. to Richard Lord Spenser, and afterwards to Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland; Anne, first to Humphrey, Duke of Bucikngham; and afterwardsMon Anglic. Vol. 1. 1582. n. 5. to Walter Blount Lord Montjoy; Iane a Nun; and Cioely to Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York.

¶I now come to Ralph, Ralph Earl of Westmorland, Son of this last mentioned Iohn. This Ralph, after the death of Elizabeth his Mother, hadPat. 4. H • . p. 2. m. 20. forty pound per annum allowed▪ him by the King for his maintenance, being then in minority: And in 4 Hen. 6. an Augmentation thereof, to the sum of fifty pound sixteen shillings eight pence; to be paid out of the Fee-farm of the Town of Newcastle upon Tine. After which, within the compass of the same year, the King grantedIbid. m. 〈◊〉 . the benefit of his marriage to Sir Iohn Ratcliff, Seneschal of Aquitane.

But more I have not seen of him, than that in 21 Hen. 6. he hadRot. Fin. 2 • H. 6. m. • ., in right of Eliza • eth his Mother, the fourthRot. Fin. 2 • H. 6. m. • . Sister, and Coheir to Edmund, Earl of Kent, and CosinRot. Fin. 2 • H. 6. m. • . and Heir to Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, for her Purparty, and AssignationRot. Fin. 2 • H. 6. m. • . of the Mannor of Bese • y in Com. Linc. and ten pound Ren • in Skeldingthorp; threescore and four Acres of Wood in the Mannor of Brunne, with a certain parcel of Wood there, called the New Park; as also twenty three pound ten shillings yearly Rent, issuing out of the Abby of Kirkstall; and four pound six shillings six pence Rent out of the Mannor of Blisworth in Com. Northampt. And that he marriedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. to his first Wife, Elizabeth, the Daughter of Henry Lord Percy, sirnamed Hotspur (Son and Heir to Henry, Earl of Northumberland) WidowEsc. 15 H 6. n. 55. of Iohn, Lord Clifford: by whom he had issueEsc. 2 R. 3. n. 14. Iohn, his Son and Heir; and to his secondEsc. 2 R. 3. n. 14. Margaret, the Daughter and Heir of Sir Reginald Cobbam Knight; but by her had no Esc. 2 R. 3. n. 14. issue. As also, that he died in 2 Rich. 3.

Which Iohn by his TestamentWaldby, • . 217. bearing date 1 Dec. An. 1449 (27 Hen. 6.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the midst of the Quire of the Abby of Haut-Emprice in Com. Ebor. and gave thereunto for his Cors praesenté, a Courser called Lidiard Nevill, appointing, that an honest and cunning Priest should sing there for his Soul, by the space of a Twelvemoneth after his death, and to have for his salary ten marks. Moreover, he bequeathed to that Abby, his Gown of Cloth of Gold blew, to make a Vestment, as also his Doublet of the same; moreover, a Gown of Black Velvet, and all his Doublets of Velvet: Likewise a standing Silver Cup, thereof to make a Chalice. And having marriedCatal. of Nob by R. • . Anne, Daughter of Iohn Holland, Duke of Exeter; departedEsc. 29 〈◊〉 . 6. n. 13. this life 20 Martii, 29 Hen. 6. without issue, leaving Sir Iohn Nevill Knight, his Fathers Brother, his next Esc. 29 〈◊〉 . 6. n. 13. Heir, then thirty years of age.

Which Sir Iohn, faithfully adheringPat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 7. to King Henry the Sixth, in those bloody conflicts with the House of York, in considerationPat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 7. thereof, was in 38 Hen. 6. made ConstablePat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 7. of the Castles of Sheriff-Hoton and Middleham in Com. Ebor. for life (at that time in the Kings hands Pat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 7. by the forfeiture of Richard Nevill, Earl of Salisbury.) And for the same respect had Ibid. m 1. likewise an annuity of a hundred marks granted to him out of the Mannors of Worton and Banbrige in Com. Ebor.

This Sir Iohn Nevill took to WifeCatal. of Nob. by R. B. Anne, the Widow of his Nephew (Daughter to Iohn Holland, Duke of Exeter) and being slainLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 715. at Towt •• . Field, upon Palm Sunday, 1 Edw. 4. there stoutly fighting for the Lancastrian Interest (his Brother the Earl being then alive) left issue by her, a Son called Ralph; Ralph. who upon the death of the Earl, his Uncle, which hapnedEsc. 2 R. 3. n. 14. 3 Nov. 2 Rich. 3. was found to beEsc. 2 R. 3. n. 14. his next Kinsman and Heir, being then twenty eight years of age; and succeeded him in this Honor, wasPol • d. Vir. p 602 n. 30 & 40. & p. 603. one of the cheif in that Army, commanded by Thomas, Earl of Surrey, in 9 Hen. 7. when Iames, King of Scotland, invaded this Realm, and besieged Norham Castle; uponPol • d. Vir. p 602 n. 30 & 40. & p. 603. advance whereof, the Scots retreatedPol • d. Vir. p 602 n. 30 & 40. & p. 603., whereupon the English wastedPol • d. Vir. p 602 n. 30 & 40. & p. 603. the Borders. But this is all that I have seen of him, other then that he took to WifeCatal. of 〈◊〉 by R. E. Marga •• t, the Daughter of Sir Roger Booth of Barton in Com. Lanc. Knight (Brother to Laurence, Archbishop of York.) Which Margaret lieth buried on the South side of the Quire at Branspat • ; by whom he had issueCatal. of 〈◊〉 by R. E. Ralph, who marriedCatal. of 〈◊〉 by R. E. Editha, Daughter of Sir William Sands of ... in Com. Southampt. and died in the life time of his Father. He had likewise a Daughter called Anne, weddedCatal. of 〈◊〉 by R. E. to Sir William Conyers Knight.

It is saidLel. I •• Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 & 81. that this Earl died at Hornby Castle in Richmond • hire, for grief of the loss of his eldest Son (who liethLel. I •• Vol. 1. 〈◊〉 & 81. buried at Branspath, in a Chappel on the South side of the Quire) and that he himself was buried in the Parish Church of Horn • y; but the time of his death, I find not.

So that to him succeededCatal. of No • by R. • . Ralph, his Grandson and Heir; who in 22 Hen. 8.Pat. 2 • H. • . p 1. having Livery of his Lands, was one of those that subscribed Herb. Hist. of H 8. p. 3 •• & 306. the Letter to Pope Clement the Seventh, whereby they gave him to understand; That unless he did comply with King Henry, in that cause of his Divorce from Queen Catherine, they would shake off his Supremacy.

This Ralph marriedCatal▪ of Nob. • R. B. Catherine, Daughter of Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, and by her had issueCatal▪ of Nob. • R. B. seven Sons, viz. Catal▪ of Nob. • R. B. Henry, his Son and Heir, Sir Thomas Nevill Knight, Edward, Christopher, Ralph, George, and Cuthbert; and nine Daughters, viz. Eleanor, who died without issue; Dorothy, Wife of Ioh • , Earl of Oxford, (for which marriage, there was a special Act 〈…〉 of Parliament in 18 Hen. 8. Mary to Sir Thomas Danby Knight; Ioane; Margaret to Henry Mannors, Earl of Rutland; Elizabeth to Thomas Lord Dacres of Gillesland; Eleanor to Sir Bryan Stapleton Knight; Anne to Sir Fouke Grevill of Beauchamps Court in Com. War. Knight; and Vrsula, and departed 〈…〉 this life 24 April, 3 Edw. 6.

To him succeeded Henry 〈…〉 his Son and Heir; who first took 〈…〉 to Wife, Iane, the Daughter of Thomas Mannours, Earl of Rutland; and by her had issue 〈…〉 , Charles, his Son and Heir, and four Daughters, viz. Eleanor, Wife of Sir William Pelpham Knight, Master of the Ordnance; Katherine married 〈…〉 to Sir Iohn Constable of Kirkby Knowle in Com. Ebor. Also 〈…〉 Mary and Adeline who died unmarried. He secondly wedded 〈…〉 Margaret, Daughter of Sir Richard Cholmley Knight, Widow of Sir Henry Gascoigne Knight; by whom he had issue 〈…〉 Margaret and Elizabeth.

This Henry by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 18 Aug. An. 1563. (5 Eliz.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Parish Church of Staindro • e, in the Bishoprick of Durham, under the Tomb that last was made, nigh to the Lady Iane his Wife; and departed this life the the same Moneth, as it seems, for the Probate of his Will bears date upon the twelfth of September next ensuing.

To whom succeeded, Charles, Charles. his Son and Heir. Which Charles in An. 1569. (11 Eliz.) being privyCamd. Annals in An. 1569. to the intended marriage of Mary, Queen of Scotland, (then prisoner in England) and sensibleCamd. Annals in An. 1569. of the danger, submitted Camd. Annals in An. 1569. himself to the Earl of Sussex, at that time President of the North, desiringCamd. Annals in An. 1569. his intercession to Queen Elizabeth on his behalf.

But after this, there being a rumorCamd. Annals in An. 1569. that multitudes of people resorted to him, and to the Earl of Northumberland; the Lord President sentIbid. for them: But representingIbid. to them what he had heard, they utterly deniedIbid. themselves to be guilty of any conspiracy; assuring Ibid. him, That they would, both of them, adventure their lives against all Traytors whatsoever. Nevertheless, contrary to these their asseverations, this Earl gotIbid. together all the power he could; the Earl of Northumberland coming Ibid. by night to him at his Castle of Branspath; and there, both of them suggestingIbid. to their followers: First, That they were thus met together for the defence of Queen Elizabeth; and next, That all the English Nobles were resolved to restore the Romish Religion. But to others, ThatIbid. they did thus put themselves in Arms, to prevent upstarts from trampling upon the old Nobility; and so appearedIbid. in open Rebellion.

Whereupon the Lord President raising Forces, and marchingIbid. towards them, they fled Ibid. into Scotland, this Earl first lurking there with Carr of Fernihurst, and thence into the Netherlands; where he was receivedIbid. by the Spaniard, and continuedIbid. till his great age and death; being attaintedJournal of P •• l. n. 16. here in the Parliament of 13 Eliz. and all his Possessions confiscate.

He marriedCa • al. of N ••• l. by R. B. Anne, Daughter of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, (Sister of Thomas, Duke of Norfolk) by whom he had issueCa • al of N ••• l. by R. B. these only Daughters, viz. Catherine, Wife of Sir Thomas Gray of Thillingham in Com. Northumbr. Knight; Eleanor never married; Margaret, Wife of Nicholas Pudsey of ... And Anne, the Wife of David Engleby, Brother of Sir William Engleby of Ripley in Com. Ebor. Knight.

Thomas Nevill, Lord Furnival.

THis Thomas was Brother to Ralph, Lord Nevill, the first Earl of Weltmorland; and having marriedEsc. 6 R. • . n. 41. Claus 7 R 2. n. 414 Ioane, the Daughter and Heir of William, Lord Furnival, in 7 Rich. 2. making proofEsc. 6 R. • . n. 41. Claus 7 R 2. n. 414 of her age and doing Esc. 6 R. • . n. 41. Claus 7 R 2. n. 414 his Fealty, had LiveryEsc. 6 R. • . n. 41. Claus 7 R 2. n. 414 of the Lands whereof her Father died seised, viz. Esc. 6 R. • . n. 41. Claus 7 R 2. n. 414 The Mannor of Dagworth, in the Parish of Elmdon in Essex; as also of the Mannor of Craw • ery in Elmdon; and Cristhall; Cogshall in Elmdon and Arkisden; with the Mannors of Lerbery and Piccots, all in Com. Essex. Likewise of the Mannor of Dagworth in Com. Suff. Stoke-Uerdon and Winelsford in Com. Wilts. Wirkson in Com. Nottingh. Eyum in Com. Derb. And of the Castle and Mannor of Sheffield In Com. Ebor. And being thereupon summonedClaus. 7 R. 〈◊〉 in dorso. to Parliament the same year▪ had thenceforth the stile and title of Lord Furnival.

In 18 Rich. 2. he was joyned in Commission Rot. Scoc. 18 R. 2 m 3. with Iohn, Bishop of S. Davids, and others, to treat of Peace with the Scots.

Moreover, in 19 Rich. 2. upon the deathEsc 19 R. 2. n. 28. of Ioane, the Widow of Thomas, Lord Furnival, (elder Brother to William her Father) he likewise had Livery in right of the before-specified Ioane his Wife, of the Mannor of Alveron in Com. Staff. As also of the Mannors of Treton and Hoton-Painell in Com. Ebor. which that Widow held, during her life in Dower. And in 1 Hen. 4. was constitutedRot. Scoc. 1 H 4. m. 14. Warden of all Anandale; as also Constable of the Castle of Loughmaban, in the West Marches of Scotland.

In 2 Hen. 4. surviving her, he marriedP •• 2 H. 4. p. 3. m. • . Ankaret, the Widow of Sir Richard Talbot Knight, SisterRot. 〈◊〉 . • R. 2 m. 2 • . of Iohn, Son to Iohn Lord Strange of Blackmere, CosinRot. 〈◊〉 . • R. 2 m. 2 • . and Heir of Elizabeth, Daughter and Heir to the said Iohn.

In 5 Hen. 4. uponY ••• l. N •• str. in An. 1404. the Grant in Parliament of two Fifteens to the King; the Commons took care thatY ••• l. N •• str. in An. 1404. this Thomas Lord Furnival should receive all the Money, and lay it out in the Kings Wars. In which year, he was also intrusted • ot. Scoc. 5 H. 4. m. 1 • . to receive the Castles of Barwick upon Twede, Alnwick, and Werkworth, in Com. Northumbr. From those, who then had the custody of them; and to be Governor • ot. Scoc. 5 H. 4. m. 1 • . of them all, until farther order.

And by his TestamentArundel, Vol. 2 • 5 b. Probat. 17 Mar •• , eodem Anno. bearing date 12 Martii, An. 1406. (8 Hen. 4.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Church of the Priory of Wirksop, but without any great pomp. He thereby gave to the King his best Cup of Gold, with a Cover; to the Fabrick of the Steeple at Wirksop forty pounds; to the Lady Ali • e Deincourt, his Sister, two hundred pounds; to Iohn Talbot and Maud his Wife (his own Daughter) his best Bed, with all the Furniture thereto, appointing, that his Feoffees of certain Lands in Wirksop should cause his Obit to be solemnly kept every year, in the Priory Church of Wirksop, with Placebo, and Dirige, and Mass of Requiem, by Note, on the morrow. And departed L • b. C • dul 8 H. • . p. 90. this life in 8 Hen. 4. being then seisedL • b. C • dul 8 H. • p. 90. of the Castle and Mannor of Sheffield, and Mannors of Treton and Whiston in Com. Ebor. As also of the Castle and Mannor of Alveton in Com. Staff. Likewise of the Mannor of Farnhom in Com. Buck. Sutton Madock, Corsham, and Wrockwardine, in Com. Salop. And in rightIbid. of Ankeret his Wife, of the Mannor of Eccleswell, the Lordship of Godrich Castle, the Hundred of Irchenfield, with the Mannors of Wormlow and Penyard in Com. Heref. And divers Lordships in other Counties; leaving issueIbid. by the before-specified Ioane (his first Wife) two only Daughters, viz. Maud and Ioane, his next Heirs; and was buriedMon. Angglic. Vol. 2. 938 • . l. 7. & b. n. 60. in the Priory of Wirksop, above the Quire, where stoodLel. Itin. Vol 5. f. 78. a fair Tomb erected to his memory.

Which Maud was marriedRot. Fin. • H. 4. m. 11. to the famous Iohn Talbot, afterwards Earl of Shrewsbury; whereupon the Lands of her Inheritance came to that Noble Family.

Richard Nevill, Earl of Salisbury.

THis Richard, being the eldest Son to Ralph Nevill, Earl of Westmorland, by Ioane his second Wife; was Warden Rot. Scoc. 1 & 2 H. 6. m. 5. of the West Marches toward Scotland, in 1 & 2 Hen. 6. As also (together with the Earl of Northumberland, and some others) appointed Ibid. one of the Commissioners to treat with Iames the First, then King of Scotland, or his Ambassadors, for a firm Peace betwixt both Kingdoms. And taking to WifeEsc. 7 H. 6. n. 57. Alice the sole Daughter and Heir to Thomas de Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, hadEsc. 7 H. 6. n. 57., in her right (upon his death) the title of Earl of Salisbury attributed to him: For so, not only the InquisitionEsc. 7 H. 6. n. 57. then taken, doth import; but the Letters PatentsPat. 20 H. 6. p. 4. m 3. of King Henry the Sixth, bearing date 4 Maii, in the twentieth year of His Reign; which do manifest, that, by reason Alice his Wife, was Daughter and Heir to the before specified Thomas de Mantacute, Earl of Salisbury; and that he had issue by her at the time of his death (she also then living) he ought to enjoy that Title for term of his life.

Whereupon in 7 Hen. 6. doing his homage, he had LiveryRot. Fin. 7 H 6. m. 9. of her Lands, she being then twenty two years of age.

After which, viz. in 9 Hen. 6. the King considering Pat. 9 H 6. p 2. m. 1. the chargable preparation made by this Earl, to attend him in his then designed expedition for 〈◊〉 ; and that he was obliged in a very large sum, to fulfil the Testament of Thomas, Earl of Salisbury, deceased (Father of Alice his Wife) as also to give Alms for the health of his Soul, and to reward his Servants: And moreoverPat. 9 H 6. p 2. m. 1., considering that this Earl had then two Sons and two Daughters, at that time not preferred; did, of his special Grace and Favor, and by the advice of his Council, grantPat. 9 H 6. p 2. m. 1., That whereas the Mannors of Erlestoke in Com. Wilts. Sweinstone, in the Isle of Wight, Ringwood, Warblington, and Hunton; as also the Castle of Christ-Church-Twineham, and the Borough, with the Mannor of Westover, and Hundred of Christ-Church in Com. Southampt. which he then held in right of the same Alice his Wife, viz. the Mannors of Erlestoke, Warblington, and Hunton, by vertue of a certain Grant made by King Edward the Second, to Ralph de Mouthemer, and Thomas and Edward, his Sons (Nephews to the King) and to the Heirs of the said Thomas, Son of Ralph, Ancestor of the said Alice, and whose heir she the said Alice was (viz. Daughter of Thomas, Son of Iohn, Son of Iohn, Son of Margaret, Daughter of Thomas, Son of Ralph,) that, if the said Thomas, Son of Ralph, should depart this life without issue of his Body; those Mannors, after the death of Ralph and Thomas, and Edward, Son of the said Ralph, should remain to the Heirs of the Body of Edward; and in default thereof, to King Edward, his Heirs and Successors. And, that the Mannors of Sweinston and Ringwood, and the said Castle and Borough, with the Mannor of Westover, and Hundred aforesaid, by vertue of a Grant of King Edward the Third, should remain to William de Montacute, Ancestor of her the said Alice, and to Catherine, Wife of the same William, and to the Heirs of their two Bodies lawfully begotten (which William was Brother to Alice) and in default of issue by him, to return to King Edward the Third; as also, that Iohn, Archbishop of York, and certain other persons in that Grant named, should hold all those Lordships and Mannors, to them and their Heirs, so long as any Heir of the said Thomas Monthermer should remain.

In 11 Hen. 6. this Earl Richard was again constituted Rot. Scoc. 11 H 6. m 9. Warden of all the West Marches towards Scotland; and the next year following, WardenRot. Scoc. 12 H 6. m. •• ▪ of both East and West Marches.

In 14 Hen. 6. he was retainedEx Autogr. penès Cl ••• . Pell., by Indenture to serve the King in his Wars of France and Normandy, with three Bannerets, seven Knights, two hundred forty nine Men at Arms, and a thousand and forty Archers. Whereupon the King consideringPat. 14 H. 6. p. 1. • . • . the great affection, which he had to serve him in those Wars, and that certain Moneys were due to him for his service, as Warden of the East and West Marches towards Scotland, grantedPat. 14 H. 6. p. 1. • . • . to him the sum of seven hundred pounds (part of the Moneys so due;) which sum he was, by Contract, to have paid unto the King for the marriage of his Children, on the days of their Espousals: And the same year ratifiedIbid. 〈◊〉 . • . m. 34. that Grant formerly made to him by Iohn, Duke of Bedford, (the Kings Uncle) of fifty pounds annuity, out of the Lordship of Kendale; together with the Stewardship of that Mannor, to enjoy for term of his life; he being at that time to serve the King in his Wars of France; and joynedRot. 〈◊〉 14 H. 6. n. • in Commission with Richard, Duke of York, and others, to treat with the French, concerning a firm Peace betwixt both Realms.

In 19 Hen. 6. uponRot. 〈◊〉 . 19 H. 6. m. 10. the death of Ioane, Countess of Westmorland (his Mother) he had LiveryRot. 〈◊〉 . 19 H. 6. m. 10. of certain Lands, which she held for term of her life, his homage being respited: And in 21 Hen. 6. in rightRot. 〈◊〉 . 21 H. 6. m. 8. of Alice his Wife, as she was Daughter and HeirRot. 〈◊〉 . 21 H. 6. m. 8. to Eleanor, third Sister, and one of the Coheirs to Edmund Earl of Kent, had LiveryRot. 〈◊〉 . 21 H. 6. m. 8. of the Mannor of Chesterfield in Com. Derb. The Mannors of Houton, North Kelsey, and Fulne • by, ten pounds yearly Rent in Skeldingthorp; thirty four Acres of Wood, lying within the Mannor of Brun in Com. Linc. Sixteen pound and eighteen pence Feefarm Rent, out of the Abbey of Kirkstall in Com. Ebor. And three pound six shillings eight pence Feefarm Rent, issuing out of the Mannor of Blisworth in Com. Northampt. as her Purparty of that Inheritance.

In 26 Hen. 6. being then againOr • g. 26 H. 6. Ro • . 39. Warden of the West Marches, as also Governor of Carlisle (together with his Son Richard, Earl of Warwick) he obtained a GrantOr • g. 26 H. 6. Ro • . 39. of Nine thousand eighty three pounds six shillings eight pence per annum, out of the Customs for thirty years. And in 29 Hen. 6. was constitutedRot. Scoc. 29 H 6. m. 1. one of the Commissioners to treat of Peace with the Ambassadors of Iames, King of Scotland. So likewise Rot. Scoc. 30 H. 6. m. 1., in 30 Hen. 6. to treat with Iames de Douglas upon those Articles by him signed. Moreover, in 32 Hen. 6. with the Earls of Oxford, Shrewsbury, and five other of the Nobility, he undertookEx Autog. 〈◊〉 Cle •• . Pell. the Guard of the Seas for three year, being allowedEx Autog. 〈◊〉 Cle •• . Pell. the Kings Subsidy of Tonnage and Poundage, for the support of that charge; and was again 〈…〉 made one of the Wardens of the West Marches, as also Lord Chancellor Claus. 32 H. 6. in 〈◊〉 m. 8. of England.

But, about this time, Richard, Duke of York, thirsting after the Crown, whereunto he had so fair a title (though King Henry the Sixth then Reigning, was the third of the Lancastrian Family, who had till then enjoyed it) pretendingPolyd. Vir. p. 503. miscarriages in the Government, and ascribingPolyd. Vir. p. 503. the cheif cause thereof to Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, who then bore much sway; amongst other powerful Men of those days, associated Ibid. to himself this Richard, Earl of Salisbury, and his Son Richard, then Earl of Warwick; and having got these two on his side, putIbid. himself in Arms (as in my Discourse of that Duke, I shall more fully shew.)

Pursuing therefore my story of this Earl, I am to take notice that in 33 Hen. 6. he raised Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 711. all the power he could, in aid of the Duke of York, upon pretenceLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 711. of removing the Duke of Somerset from the King. Whereupon marchingIbid. towards London, they encountred Ibid. the Kings Forces at S. Albans, and there slew Ibid. many of them (this being the first Battle at that place.)

And in 36 Hen. 6. upon 〈…〉 that overture made by the King, unto the Duke of York, for a fair and peaceable reconciliation betwixt them; this Earl accompanied 〈…〉 that Duke to London, with a great power, fearing 〈…〉 otherwise they might he ensnared. Moreover, in 37 Hen. 6. continuing 〈…〉 still a stout Champion for the House of York, he underwent 〈…〉 a sharp encounter against Sir Iames A • dley, Commander of the Kings Forces at2 • Sept. Blore Heath, near Dranton in Shropshire, wherein Audley himself was slainPolyd. Virg. & Stow, ut supra. and all the cheif of his Army killed Polyd. Virg. & Stow, ut supra. or takenPolyd. Virg. & Stow, ut supra. prisoners. Soon after which, Sir Thomas Nevill, and Sir Iohn (younger Sons to this Earl) being both of them hurtLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 713. in the Battle, travellingLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 713. towards the North, were apprehended Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 713. by some of the Lancastrian party; but ere long gotLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 713. their liberty.

This Earl, by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 10 Maii, in the year last above specified, bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Priory of Bus • leshham (alias Bisham) in Com. Berks. Where, with the advice of the Prior he had directed the particular place; as also, that two hundred marks should be employed by his Exetors for his Tomb; and a hundred marks on his Funeral. Moreover, that forty marks should be distributed amongst poor Maids at their marriages; as also a hundred pound in Masses, Alms, and other Works of Charity for his Soul. He likewise ordained, That on the day of his Funeral, there should be offered two Coursers, one of them compleatly harnessed with caparisons of his Arms; as also Banners, Standards, and other accoutrements, according as was accustomed for a person of his degree. Furthermore, that his Feoffees should stand seised of his Castle and Mannors of Sheriff-Hoton, East Lilling, West Lilling, and Raskelf, to the use of his Wife, during her life. Likewise that the Covenants of marriage of Thomas his Son, with the Lady Willoughby his Wife, should be fully performed, according to the agreement made betwixt himself and Ralph Lord Cromwel; as also the Marriage Covenants for Catherine his Daughter, with the Son and Heir Apparent of the Lord Harington, and William Lord Bonvile.

To his Son George, he gave twelve Silver Dishes, and a Cup with Cover, gilt. To Alice his Daughter a gilt Cup with Cover. To his Daughter Eleanor, a Silver Bowl with Cover. To his Daughter Catherine the like. To his Daughter Margaret a thousand marks to her marriage, and a Gilt Cup with Cover; and to his Daughter, the Countess of Arundel, a Cup of Gold.

Howbeit, the next ensuing year (viz. 38 H. 6.) the tide being turned, by reasonLel. Col. Vol. 1. 713. that some of the old Soldiers deserted the Duke of York, and came in to the King, he was constrained to fleeLel. Col. Vol. 1. 713. into Devonshire, thence to Gernsey, and so toRot. Franc. 38 H. 6. m 9. Calais; whereupon (amongst others) he was attainedHolingsh. Chron. in eodem An in the Parliament soon after held at Coventrey.

But from Calais, adventuringL •• . Coll. Vol 1 714 29 Julii, 38 H 6. with the Duke of York again into England, he landedL •• . Coll. Vol 1 714 29 Julii, 38 H 6. at Dover, and within a short time giving BattleL •• . Coll. Vol 1 714 29 Julii, 38 H 6. to the Lancastrians at Northampton, there obtained a notable victoryL •• . Coll. Vol 1 714 29 Julii, 38 H 6.. Whereupon the Yorkists bearing sway, he was advanced Pat. 39 H. • . pa • t. 1. m. 2 • . to the dignity of Lord Great Chamberlain of England.

But see the mutability of Terrestrial things, marchingLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 714. shortly after against the Lancastrians, who hadLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 714. gotten head again in Yorkshire, near Wakefield; he was there taken prisoner Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. 714. in Battle in Christmass, and his Son Sir Thomas Nevill slainLel. Coll. Vol. 1. 714.. Whereupon his head was cutPolyd. 〈◊〉 • irg. p. 510. off and conveyed to York, and there setPolyd. 〈◊〉 • irg. p. 510. on a Pole over one of the Gates of that City. After which, viz. 15 Febr. 2 Edw. 4. I find • . 15. in Officio Armo • . 215 a. that his Body, together with the Corps of Alice his Wife, and Thomas his Son, were buried at Bisham Abby in Com. Berks.

The issue which he had by the said Alice his Wife, was, as followeth, viz. Cata • . of Nob. by R. B. Richard, Earl of Warwick (and after his death, Earl of Salisbury,) Iohn, Marquess Mountague; Sir Thomas, who married ... Widow of the Lord Willoughby, and was slain at Wakefield; • eorge BishopClaus. 3 • H. 6. in dorso m. • of Exeter, and Lord ChancellorClaus. 3 • H. 6. in dorso m. • of England, afterwards Archbishop of York. And five Daughters, viz. Cat • l. of Nob. by R. B. Ioane, the Wife of William Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundel; Cicely, married to Henry Beauchamp, Duke of Warwick; Alice, to Henry Lord Fitz-Hugh of Ravens • ath; Eleanor, to Thomas Stanley, the first Earl of Derby of that name; Katherine to William Bonvile, Son and Heir to William Lord Bonvile and Harrington; and Margaret Pat. 1 Ed. 4. p. 4. m. 25. to Iohn de Vere Earl of Oxford, but afterwardsLel Itin Vol. 6. f. 46. to William Lord Hastings, Chamberlain to King Edward the fourth.

Richard Nevill Earl of Warwick, eldest Son to Richard Nevill Earl of Salisbury.

THis Richard, having taken to WifePat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 1. Anne the Daughter of Richard Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, CousinPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 1. and Heir to Anne, sole Daughter and Heir to Henry Duke of Uarwick; obtained by reason thereof, as also in Respect of his special services about the Kings person, and in the Warrs of Scotland, as the PatentPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 1. (bearing date 23 Iulii next after the death of the same Lady Ann • , which hapnedEsc 27 H. 6. n. 34. 3 Ian Ann 1449 27. H. 6.) doth import, a confirmation and declaration to himself and • his said Wife, and to her Heirs, of the dignity and title of Earl of Warwick, with all preheminencies, that any of their ancestors, before the Creation of Henry Duke of Warwick, used. Shortly after which by Fine Penès Camer. Scacc. Recordatus Octab. Mich. 6 Edw 4. leavied Quind. Trinit. 28 Hen. 6. they entailed the Castle of Warwick, with divers Lordships in that, and sixteen other Counties, upon the issue of their two bodies lawfully begotten; and in default thereof, upon the issue of her the said Anne, with remainder to Margaret eldest Daughter to the same Richard Beauchamp late Earl of Warwick, and her Heirs.

This is that Richard Nevill who was commonly called the stout Earl of Warwick: and well he might be so termed, in regard he bore such a great sway, towards the latter end of King Henry the sixth, and part of King Edward the fourths Reign; having been an eminent actor in those tragick broiles, betwixt the Houses of Lancaster and York, as our Historians do fully manifest: for about the 30 of Hen. 6 he sidedHall's Chr • 162. b. with Richard Duke of York, who did at that time first put himself in Armes, under pretence of reforming what was amiss in the Government. The true cause of thisComines b. 6. p. 220. taking his part, being a variance betwixt himself, and the Duke of Somerset, which happened in the Court of King Henry the sixth, and that the Queen adhered to the Duke of Somerset therein. But the Duke of York being not then powerful enough, to go through with his designe, submitted himself; makingHall's • ron. ut •• pra. Oath thenceforth to become a true and faithful Subject. Howbeit, the next year after, having a stronger foundation for his enterprise; chiefly through the interest he had in this potent Earl, and the Earl of Salisbury his Father; he broke • bid. 165. •• b. out again; and in 33 Hen. 6. at S. Albans assailed the Kings Forces (where this Earl entring • bid. 168. a. through a Garden, gave the first onset) and slew many; seized upon the King himself, caused a Parliament to be summonedIbid. b., made himself Protector of the King, and this our Earl of Warwick Captain of l Calais. But by the power of some others, who saw what was aimed at, he was at that time hindred in his speed. Whereupon, the King coming 〈…〉 to Coventrie, in 35 of his Reign, hoped there to have reconciled all; and to that end sent for the Duke by Letters, as also for this Earl and his Father, who came accordingly. Nevertheless, being there, and pretending some ill intentions towards them, they gotHall's Chron. 〈…〉 away; York to Wigmore in the Marches of Wales; Salisbury to his Castle at Middleham in the North; and this Earl of Warwick to Calais. Howbeit after some fair overtures, they were content to come to London, so as they might have store of followers. Whereupon this Earl broughtIbid. 171. • . with him six hundred men in Red-Coats, embroidered with white Ragged-Staves, before and behind.

This was in 36 Hen. 6. where, and at which time all things were peaceably accordedIbid. f. 〈◊〉 . a. in shew: but there happening not long after, an affrayIbid. b. (scil. in 37 Hen. 6.) betwixt a Servant to the King, and one of Warwick's followers; it gave colour of report, that there was a designe to kill the Earl; which occasioned him to take his Barge, and hastIbid. 173. a. to Calais. Thither therefore the young Duke of Somerset was sent, S •• ws ann. in 37 H. 6. as Captain; but this Earl would notS •• ws ann. 37 H. 6. resigne; maintaining himself there, with the great Booty he had got at Sea, as Admiral (no less worth then ten thousand pounds) for he had after two dayes fight, taken three Carricks of Genoa, and two of Spain, laden with Merchandize; with the lossIbid. of about an hundred men of his own, and a thousand of theirs.

After which (scil. in 38 Hen. 6.) he brought Hall 174. a. over a Band of stout Soldiers from Calais; and with them a valiant Commander called Andrew Trollop, to a general Rendezvous, which the Yorkists had, atRot. Pa •• 38 Hen. 6. n. 16. Ludeford in Herefordshire, on the Vigil of the Translation of S. Edward the King; where he producedRot. Pa •• 38 Hen. 6. n. 16. certain persons before the people to swear that the King was deceased; causingRot. Pa •• 38 Hen. 6. n. 16. Mass to be said, and Offerings made, that they might the less dread to take the Field. But Trollop, who had served formerly against the French, and done notably; finding that this Earl and the rest, had foul intentions (whereas his preservation and honor was the only thing pretended) got away privately with a choice sort of men, and cameHall 174. b. in to the King: which did so much daunt the Yorkists, that they forthwith shifted for themselves; this our Earl, with his Father passing with difficulty Hall 174. b. to Calais.

Whereupon the King, calling a ParliamentIbid. 175. Rot. Parl. 38 Hen. 6. n. 20. at Coventrie, attaintedIbid. 175. Rot. Parl. 38 Hen. 6. n. 20. him and the rest of high Treason,

From Calais therefore they sailedStow, p. 406. speedily into Ireland, to the Duke of York; but finding themselves not able to carry on their work in England, by strength, began to make specious pretencesIb. p. 407. of all fidelity to K. Henry. Which feigned shew, did not only deceiveIb. p. 407. the ordinary sort of men; but even the Archbishop of Canterbury himself, and divers other persons of quality; so that they were permitted to land in Kent. 〈…〉 Where the better to delude the people, this Earl openly at the Cross in Canterbury, swore 〈…〉 that they had ever born true Faith and Allegiance to King Henry: and thereupon got many to joyn with them; giving out that they only desired admission to the King, for speech with him. Nevertheless when they came Ibid. p. 409. to Northampton, where his Army was, they put themselves in order to fight, the Vant-guard being ledHall. f. 176 b. by this Earl of Warwick; in so much as a Bloody Battle ensued, upon the nineth of Iuly, Ann. 38 H. 6. wherein the King himself was taken, Hall. f. 176 b. and many a gallant man slain.

Howbeit, after this, the Queen raisedIbid. 183. a. more power in Yorkshire, Ibid. 183. a. whereof the Duke of York having intelligence, soon hasted thither; and meeting with the Royalists at Wakefield, (Ann. 39 H. 6.) there felt the reward of his perfidiousness, being fatally slain in that Battle.

Hereupon she advancedIbid. 184. a. towards London, where this Earl and his party thenIbid. 184. a. in Armes, on the behalf of Edward Earl of March, Son and Heir to the slain Duke of York, then were; (having the King along with them) who endeavoring to stop her passage at St. Alvans, were there routed; at which time the person of the King was recovered.

But it was not long after ere the Earles of March, and this our Earl of Warwick, having by flight escaped, made upIbid. 185 a. towards London, with a mighty power. Which so affrighted the Queen, notwithstanding her late success at St. Albans, that she again retired with the King and Prince towards the North. Which gave such encouragement to the Yorkists that London received them without opposition; so that the Earl of March, from this time forwards, taking upon him the title, was proclaimed Ibid. b. King; by the name of Edward the Fourth; and therupon hasted Northwards, against those Forces, which King Henry had raised there: But at Ferribrigg receiving some loss, whereat divers were staggered, this Earl to encourage others, slewIbid. 186. a. his own Horse in King Edward's presence; sayingIbid. 186. a., Let him flee that flee will, I will tarry with him that will tarry with me; and so kissed the Cross of his Sword to confirm that resolution; this being the day preceding that great Battle at Touton, where King Edward obtained a mighty Victory, by the slaughter of many thousands of the adverse party.

After which there was nothing of Honor, Authority, and benefit, that he (who had been so signally instrumental for King Edward) did desire but he had it: for soon after this, he was made CaptainRot. Tran. 1 Edw. 4. m. 24. of Calais, and the Tower of Risebank, as also LieutenantRot. Tran. 1 Edw. 4. m. 24. of the Marches there; and GovernorEx autogr. penès Cler. pell. of the Castle of Guynes, which Castle he was obliged by IndentureEx autogr. penès Cler. pell., to keep from the fourth of March, 1 Edw. 4. so long as he should live, with forty eight men at Armes on Foot; himself and his Lieutenant on Horseback; and fifty Archers on Foot; in consideration whereof himself and his Lieutenant on were to have two shillings per diem, his men at Armes eight pence, and his Archers six pence.

He was likewise the same year constituted Rot. Scoc. • E. 4. m. 24. General Warden of the East-Marches towards Scotland; as also • a • . 1 E 4. Lord great Chamberlain of England for life, and Constablep. • . m. 20. of Dover Castle: and besides all this Lord high Steward Pat. 1 • . 4. p. 3. m. 8. of England.

Moreover in recompencePat. 2 E. 4. p. 1. m. 13. of his many and great services, he obtained a grantPat. • E. 4. p. 1. m. 13. in Fee of the Mannor of More end in Northamptonshire, as also of the Mannors of Athirston, and Fulbroke, in Com. Warw.

In 2 Edw. 4. he was made ConstableEx autogr. in bibl. Cotton. of the Castle of Hampnes in the Marches of Picardy, to holdEx autogr. in bibl. Cotton. by himself or his Deputy, for terme of life; and to have there one Archer on Horseback, and seventeen men at Armes on Foot; as also seventeen Archers: taking for himself or his Deputy twelve pence by the day, for his Archer on Horseback and every man at Armes on Foot eight pence, and for every Archer on Foot six pence.

Certain it is, that this great Earl, wasComines, lib. • . p. 80. the chiefest man in England, for supporting the House of York, as the Duke of Somerset, was for that of Lancaster. So that Comines Comines, lib. • . p. 80. saith, that he might justly be called King Edwards Father; as well for that he trained him up, as for the great services he did him: for the which that King so highly rewarded him: For, besides his own Inheritance (which was great) he had divers goodly Lordships of his gift; aswell Crown Lands, as Lands forfeited by attainder; as also divers great Offices: so that, I have heard, saith he, that his Revenues were valued at fourscore thousand Crowns per annum, besides his own Inheritance. But to proceed, shortly after this, being sentHall • Chron. 193. • . into France, and employedHall • Chron. 193. • . to treat there on the behalf of King Edward touching a Marriage betwixt him and the Lady Bona, Daughter to Lewes Duke of Savoy (Sister to the French Queen) and therein sped so well, as that it was resolvedHall • Chron. 193. • . the Earl of Dampmartin should speedily come over into England to confirm the match; so it happenedIbid. ••• ▪ b., that King Edward, hunting in Wychwood Forest, chanced to fix his eyes upon Elizabeth the Widow of Sir Iohn Grey; and was so captivated with her Beauty, that he would notIbid. ••• ▪ b. hearken to what this Earl had done for him in France.

It is said by somePol. Vir • . p. 514., that after King Edward had obtained the Crown through the power of this Earl; suspecting danger by his greatness, he endeavored to diminish him all he could; which being discernedPol. Vir • . p. 514., he sought all occasions to work the Kings ruine. The vulgarIbid. opinion of this breach betwixt them, was; that, having used many arguments to diswade the King from marrying of Margaret his Sister, to Charles the Son of Philip Duke of Burgundy (whom he mortally hated) he could not prevail. But this was merely a shadow; others 〈◊〉 . believed, that he grew thus incensed, by reason he saw that the King had sleighted his Negotiations in France, touching that match with the Daughter of the Duke of Savoy; therefore what was the true cause is not easy to affirm: howbeit, that he didIbid. cordially maligne him, and dissembleIbid. the same, till he saw a fit opportunity to shew it, is certain enough.

Nevertheless, after this grudge thus harbored, he was sentRot. Fran • . 4 E. 4. m. 〈◊〉 Ambassador in 4 Edw. 4. (with the Lord Wenlok) to treat with the Agents of the King of France, concerning a Peace betwixt both Realms. And in 5 Edw. 4 joyned Rot. Franc▪ 5 Edw 4. m. 15. in Commission with the same Lord Wenlok, and others, to treat with Philip Duke of Burgundy, concerning a mutual trade, betwixt the English Merchants and those of that Duke: as also at the same time impoweredRot. Franc▪ 5 Edw 4. m. 15. to treat with the Duke of Britanny, upon a League of Peace and Amity. And likewise joyned CommissionerPat. 9 E. 4. p. 1. m. 〈◊〉 . with the Lord Hastings (then Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold) to treat and conclude with Iames Luxenburgh, Lord of Richbourgh (the Kings Uncle,) touching a League of Amity, betwixt Charles of Burgundy, Earl of Charlois, and King Edward. In this fifth year of Edward the Fourth, he was likewise constitutedRot. Scoc. 5 Ed. 4. m. 7. one of the Commissioners to treat with those from the King of Scotland, upon several grievances from the Subjects of that Realm, contrary to the Truce made betwixt both Kings. And in 6 Edw. 4. imployedRot. Franc. • Ed. 4. m 6. (together with the Lord Hastings) to confer with Charles, Earl of Charlois, or his Agents, touching a marriage betwixt that Earl, and Margaret the Kings Sister; as alsoIbid. m. 7. to treat of Peace with the French Kings Ambassadors.

But the first effects of his discontent were not publickly seen till 7 Edw. 4. that, beingPolyd. Virg. p. 514. in Warwickshire, he sentPolyd. Virg. p. 514. for his two Brothers, viz. George Nevill, Archbishop of York, and Iohn, Marquess Mountague; at which time, he communicatedIbid. his mind to them, with divers Reasons for the Restoration of King Henry; and soon wonIbid. them to his bent.

And having so done, he next alluredIbid 515. to him, George, Duke of Clarence, (the Kings Brother) taking advantageIbid 515. of some discontents he had harbored; and to fix him the firmer to his side, gaveIbid 515. him Isabel his eldest Daughter in marriage (in 8 Edw. 4.) in our Lady Church at Calais, withHall. • hron. 2002. half the Lands of her Mothers Inheritance.

Hereupon he causedIb. 201 b. his two Brothers (viz. the Archbishop of York, and Marquess Mountague) to raise a commotion in Yorkshire; and having under colour thereof, gotIb. 201 b. into Arms, the first skirmish they had, wasIb. 201 b. at Edgecote in Oxfordshire, where the Royalists were beaten; but the King himself being yet Northwards, in the head of a good Army, and resolving to find out his Enemies, marchedIb. 202 b. towards Warwick; whereof this Earl being advertised, he imployedIb. 202 b. several persons to treat with him for Peace: Unto which overture, the King too credulously hearkning, rested, as he thought Ib. 202 b. secure, in his Camp at Wolvey. Which advantage being discerned by this Earl, he there surprisedIb. 203 b. him in the night, and taking him from his Bed, carried him prisonerIb. 203 b. to his Castle at Warwick, and afterwards to Middleham Castle in Yorkshire; where he left him in the custodyIb. 203 b. of his Brother the Archbishop. Howbeit, not long after, by the opportunityIb. 203 b. of Hunting in the Park (which the Archbishop permitted him to do) he made his escapeIb. 203 b., and raised such a power in a short space; that, having vanquished Ibid. 204 a. Sir Robert Wells with his Forces in Lincolnshire, this Earl, and the D. of Clarence, thought it safest to packIbid. b. away; and would have got to Calais (of which Town he was Captain) but that the Lord Vauclere (a Gascoigne) whom he had constituted his Lieutenant there, opposedIbid. 205 b. 9 Edw. 4. his entrance. Whereupon he landed Ibid. 206 a. in Normandy; and receiving much countenance from the French King, appliedIbid. 206 a. himself to Queen Margaret (wife of King Henry the Sixth) then fled into those parts for safety; and for the firmer twisting his and the Lancasterian interest together, matchedIbid b. Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 720. his other Daughter Anne, to Edward Prince of Wales, taking a solemn OathHall 207 a. to restore King Henry; by means whereof he obtained no small assistance from the Queens Friends.

And in pursuit thereof, landingIbid. 〈◊〉 . shortly after in the West of England, proclaimedIbid. 〈◊〉 . King Henry. Whereupon his power so increased, that King Edward was forced to flee the Land: So that then, having no rub in his way, he entred Lel. C • l. Vol. 1. 721. London in October, deliveredLel. C • l. Vol. 1. 721. King Henry out of the Tower, and setLel. C • l. Vol. 1. 721. him again on his Throne: Whereupon he was madePat. 29 H. • . part. 〈◊〉 m. 12. Lord High Admiral of England.

But before the revolution of one year, King Edward landedHall, 214 • . here again, and increasing in strength very much, so dauntedIbid. the Duke of Clarence, that he madeIbid. his peace with him; and offeredIbid. to do the like for this Earl (his Father-in-Law) had not his stomach been too high; so that then, there being no way but by the Sword to determine the business, it came to be decidedAn. 〈◊〉 . (11 Ed. 4.), on Easter day, at Barnet-Field; in which Battle, this stout Earl lostHalls 〈◊〉 . 218 a. his life, with many persons of note, and others to a great number. After which, his Corps being carried Catal. of Nobil by R. B. to London, with that of the Marquess Mountague (his Brother) and there exposedCatal. of Nobil by R. B. to publick view in Pauls; was thence conv • yed to Bisham in Com. Berks. and interredHalls, 〈◊〉 . 218 b. in that Monastery, with his Ancestors the Montacutes, by whom it had been FoundedPat. 11 Ed. 3. p. 1..

Comines being sent to Calais, to the Duke of Burgundy, to treat with Vauclere (the Deputy-Governor there to this great Man) reportsLib. • . cap. • ▪ , That he was so popular, that every one wore his Badge; no man esteeming himself gallant, whose Head was not adorned with his Ragged-Staff; nor no door frequented that had not his White-Cross painted thereon; in so much, as Vauclere himself wore a Jewel in his Hat, wherein was a Black Ragged-Staff, embroidered with Gold.

Moreover, he saithIbid. p. 89., That this Earl never used to fight on foot; but his manner was, when he had led his Men to the Charge, then to take Horse: And if the victory fell on his side, to fight among his Soldiers; otherwise to depart in time. But, at this Battle, that he was constrained by his Brother, the Marquess Montacute (a valiant Knight) to alight on foot, and send away his Horse.

Of his extraordinary Hospitality I also find this observedStows Annals, p. 〈◊〉 ., That at his House in London, six Oxen were usually eaten at a Breakfast, and every Tavern full of his Meat: For who that had any acquaintance in his Family, should have as much sodden and roast, as he might carry upon a long Dagger.

Nay it appearsRot. 〈◊〉 . 38 H. 6. n. 〈◊〉 ., That, being Admiral to King Henry the Sixth, he was stiled Great Captain of the Sea; having, for his support in that place, not only all the Tonnage and Poundage belonging to the King in any wise; but a thousand pounds per annum, out of the Revenues of the Dutchy of Lancaster; as also, that, by the same Kings favor he had a GrantIbid. n. 2 • . of preheminence above all the Earls of England; and moreover, to add to his greatness, a peculiar OfficerClaus. 〈◊〉 4 in dorso m. 25. at Arms, for his service, in martial imployments, called Warwick Herauld.

But after his death, his Countess underwent no little distress, being constrained to take Sanctuary Rot. J. 〈◊〉 in the Abby of Beaulieu (in Hantshire) where she continued, for a long time, in a very mean condition; and thence privately got 〈◊〉 . into the North; where also she abode in great streights; all her vast Inheritance, being by authority 〈…〉 of Parliament taken from her, and setled upon Isabel and Anne, her two Daughters and Heirs (the first of them Wife to George, Duke of Clarence, and the other to Richard, Duke of Glocester) as if she her self had been naturally dead; which was withheld from her till 3 Hen. 7. that the King (having himself a mind thereto, her Daughters being then both dead) by a newRot. Parl. 3 H. 7. Act of Parliament, annulled the former, As against all Reason, Conscience, and course of Nature; and contrary to the Laws of God and Man (as the words thereof import.) And, inIbid. consideration of the true, and faithful service, and alleagiance by her born to King Henry the Sixth, as alsoIbid., that she never gave cause to such disherison; restoredIbid. unto her the Possession of the premises, with the power to alien the same, or any part thereof: But not with purpose that she should enjoy it, as it seems; for it appears, that the same year, by a special Feoffment Claus 3 H 7. in • rso., bearing date 13 Dec. and a FineFin. de diversis comit. 〈◊〉 . 15 Hill. 3 H 7. thereupon, she conveyed it wholly to the King, Entailing it upon the Issue-male of his Body, with Remainder to her self and her heirs: The names of the particular Lordships, contained in that Grant, being as followeth. viz. the Mannors of Warwick, Tonewor • h, Lighthorne, Morton, Berkswell, Brayles, Claverdon, Suttun, Winterton, Buddroke, Haseley, Sniterfield, and Pipe-Hall, in Com. Warr. Albotley, Shraveley, Elmley-Lovet, Salwarpe, Hall-place, Wich, Elmley Castle, Chadssey, Hervington, Sheriffs-Lench, Yerdley, Crombe-Simonds, Warpdel, Hanley, Bushley, Ridmerley, Upton super Sabrinam, with the City of Worcester, in Worcestershire: Tewksbury, Stoke-Archer, Whitington, Fairford, Sobbury, Tredington, Panington, Fidington, Northey, Muth, Berton Regis juxta Bristol; Barton-Hundred, Kenmerton, Chedworth, and Lidney in Glocestershire; Burford, Shipton, Spelsbury, Chadlington-Hundred, and Langley in Oxfo • dshire; • aversham and Stanford in Berkshire; Chiriel, Sherston, and Brodton in Wilthshire; Dertford, Willington and Hendon in Kent; Walthamstow and Franceys in Essex; Flampstead in Hertfordshire; Potters-Piry, Ashrugge-Hundred, Querendon, Alisbury, Buckland, Agmondsham, Slingsbury, Hansiape, Olney, and Merlaw, in Com. Bucks. Multon, Conesgrave, and Yelvertoft, in Com. Northampt. Walshal, Piry, Bar, Patingham, and Shenston, in Com. Staff. Barnard Castle in the Bishoprick of Durham; Kibworth in Com. Leic. Kimworth, Bautrey and Hotham in Com. Ebor. Essingdon, Shellingthorp, G • eetham, Barowden, Preston, and Uppingham, in Com. Rutl. Stillingthorp in Com. Linc. Kirtling in Com. Cantabr. Snodel and Faunhope in Com. Heref. Saham-Toney, Out Sokin, Neckton, Panworthal, and Gressingham-Parva, in Com. Norf. Carnaunton, Hoston-Toney, Bli • ton▪ and Lantran in Cornwal; Glamorgan, Burgavenny, Elvell, Snodehill, Llangtrey, Llangew, and Wale-Bikeneour in Wales, and the Marches thereof; South Tanton and Seal, with the Hundred of South Tanton in Com. Devon. The Isles of Iersey, Gernsey, Serk, and Aureney, with the Castles therein; and certain Houses in Southwark.

Which Countess was living in 5 Hen. 7. as appears Pat. 5 H. 7. m▪ 24. by an Assignation from the King of the Mannor of Sutton in Com. War. at that time, for her maintenance; but how long after, I know not; for of her death, there is no mention in Record that I can find.

By this great Earl her Husband, she left left issue two Daughters, (as before is observed) viz. Isabel and Anne. Which Isabel was bornRot. J. Rou • . in Warwick Castle, 5 Sept. An. 1451. (30 Hen. 6.) And on TuesdayRot • de Major. & Vic. Lond., 11 Iulii, An. 1469. (9 Ed. 4.) married Antiq Britann. Eccles. p. 395. at Calais, (by the Archbishop of York) to George, Duke of Clarence, Brother to King Edward the Fourth, by vertue of a Dispensation Ex Aut • gr. p • nè • ranc. N • thersole, Eq. aut. An. 1640. from Pope Paul the Third, in regard that they stood allied in the second and third, and third and fourth degrees of Consanguinity: As also in respect, that the Mother of the Duke was Godmother to this Isabel. Which Dispensation bears date at Rome. Prid. Id. Martii, An. 1468. (7 Edw. 4.)

The other Daughter Anne, was firstRot. J. Rou • . married to Edward, Prince of Wales, (Son of King Henry the Sixth, stabbed at the Battle of Tewksbury, in cool blood, by Richard, Duke of Glocester, as our Historians affirm) and afterwards to Richard, Duke of Glocester; who, by reason thereof, possest himself of all Warwicks Lands, imprisoningHist. MS. Joh. Ro •• in Bibl. Cotton. pag. 267. her Mother as long as she lived; and poysoningHist. MS. Joh. Ro •• in Bibl. Cotton. pag. 267. her, as it was thought, to make way for his marriage with his Brothers (scil. King Edward the Fourth) eldest Daughter.

Iohn Nevill, Marquess Mountague.

THis Iohn being second Son to Richard Nevill, Earl of Salisbury, by Alice, Daughter and Heir to Thomas Mountague, Earl of Salisbury; stoutly adhering to the House of York, with his Father, and elder Brother, upon the success of that party, was in the first year of King Edward the Fourth, summoned Claus. de • odem anno in dorso. to Parliament by the title of Iohn Nevil, Lord Mountague: And in 2 Edw. 4. in consideration Pat. 2 E. 4. p. 1. m 6. of his good services, had (as a reward for the same) a GrantPat. 2 E. 4. p. 1. m 6. to himself, and the Heirsmale of his Body, of the Mannors of Wirmingey and Matsall in Com. Norf. Haloughton in Com. Leic. Stoke-Bardolf and Bedding in Com. Nottingh. Hellow in Com. Linc. As also of Wilby and Strowerdy, with the Advowsons of the several Churches belonging to those Lordships; all which divolved to the Crown, by ActPat. 2 E. 4. p. 1. m 6. of Parliament, the preceding year, upon the Attainder of ...

Moreover, in 3 Edw. 4. he was constituted Rot. Scoc. 3 Ed. 4. m. 19. General Warden of the East Marches toward Scotland; and the next ensuing year, 23 May, advancedPat. 4 • d. 4. p. 1. m 10. to the title of Earl of Northumberland (Henry, E. of Northumberland, being then fled with King Henry the Sixth into Scotland.) In which year also, upon that InsurrectionLel. C • ll Vol. 1. p. 7 •• . in the North, by Henry, Duke of Somerset, the Lord Ros, Molins, and others (on the behalf of the Lancastrians) he cameIbid. upon them at Hexham with a powerful Army; where their Men fallingIbid. off, they were takenIbid. prisoners, and some of them beheadedIbid..

And in 5 Edw. 4. was constitutedRot. Scoc. 5 Ed. 4. m. 4. one of the Kings Commissioners to treat with the like Commissioners from the King of Scotland, touching Peace betwixt both Realms: As also Ibid. m. 9. a Commissioner to treat concerning a marriage between the King of Scots, and some Subjects of King Edwards.

And for his many and great services had a GrantPat 5 Ed. 4. p. • . m. 5. from the King of the Lordships of Wirmingey and Strowerdy in Com. Norf. Haloughton in Com. Leic. Shelford, Stoke-Bardolf, and Gedling in Com. Nottingh. Wilby in Com. Suff. As also 〈◊〉 Pat. 8 F. 4. p. 1. m. 14. of the Castle and Lordships of Wresil • in Com. Ebor. then in the Crown by the Attainder of several Persons.

Howbeit, notwithstanding his great services, King Edward suspectingLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 717. his fidelity, privately incitedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 717. the Countrey People to desire the restoration of young Percy, Son to the last mentioned Henry, Earl of Northumberland, who was slain at Towton Field, 1 Edw. 4. Whereupon resigningCart. 10 Ed. 4. n. 1. Orig. 1 Ed 4. Ro • . 17. his Patent of that Honor, he was advancedCart. 10 Ed. 4. n. 1. Orig. 1 Ed 4. Ro • . 17. to the dignity of Marquess Mountague, 25 Martii, 10 Edw. 4. George, his Son and Heir, being a little before that time, created Cart. 9 Ed. 4 n. 3. Duke of Bedford, the King purposingCart 9. Ed. 4. n. 3. to marry Elizabeth his eldest Daughter, unto him.

But the tide afterwards turning, by the revolt Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 716. of Richard, Earl of Warwick (his Brother) who had taken an irreconcilable hatred against King Edward, in regardLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 716. he had wedded Elizabeth, Daughter of the Lord Rivers (Widdow of Sir Iohn Grey) during the time he was imployed to conclude a match for him, with the French Kings Sister. This Iohn, in 10 Edw. 4. having gotIbid. p. 720. together six thousand Men, in King Edwards name, toldIbid. p. 720. them how he had been served, viz. That Percy was restored to the Earldom of Northumberland, whereunto the King had formerly advanced him; and instead thereof, that the King had conferred on him the title of Marquess Mountague, but given him only a Pies Nest to maintain it withal. AddingIbid. p. 720., That he would therefore take the part of his Brother, the Earl of Warwick.

Of which, King Edward having certain intelligence, to avoidIbid. the danger of so great a storm, he prudently gotIbid. beyond Sea to the Duke of Burgundy. Whereupon, King Henry being again restoredIbid., held a ParliamentP • ly • . virg. p. 521. at Westminster; in which, this Iohn excusing P • ly • . Virg. p. 521. his former part-taking with King Edward; and alleagingP • ly • . Virg. p. 521., he did it for fear of his life, was receivedP • ly • . Virg. p. 521. to favor, and constitutedRot. Scoc. 40 H. 6. Warden of the East Marches towards Scotland; and besides that, had a GrantPat. 49 H. 6. m 8. to himself, and the Heirs-male of his Body, of the Castle, Lordship, and Mannor of Wresill in Com. Ebor. But within a short time after, King Edward returning Polyd. Virg. p. 523., this Iohn privately heldPolyd. Virg. p. 523. correspondence with him, being thenPolyd. Virg. p. 523. at Pontfract with great Forces. And afterwards, though he outwardly madeIbid. p. 527. shew of joyning with his Brother, the Earl of Warwick, and the rest of the Lancastrians at Barnet; he privately gotLel. Coll Vol. • . p. 723. on King Edwards Livery, with purpose Ibid. to take his part. Which being discernedIbid. by some of his Brothers servants, they forthwith fell upon him, and killedIbid. him. Whereupon his Corps being broughtCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. to London in one Coffin, with the Earl his Brother (slainCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. in that Battle) Nobil. and exposedCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. to publick view in S. Pauls Cathedral, for three days; was thence conveyedCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. to the Priory of Buftlesham (Vulg. Bisham) in Com. Berks, and there buriedCatal. of Nobil. by R. B..

By Isabel his Wife, DaughterIbid. of Sir Edmund Ingoldesthorp of Burrough Green in Com. Cantabr. Knight, andIbid. Ioane his Wife, Sister, and at length Coheir, to Iohn, Lord Tiptoft, first Earl of Worcester, he had issueIbid. George, his eldest Son, created 〈…〉 Duke of Bedford, as before is observed 5 Ian. 9 Edw. 4. and Iohn Nevill 〈…〉 a younger Son, buried 〈…〉 at Sa •• ton in Cambridgshire; as also five Daughters, viz. 〈…〉 Anne, Wife of Sir William Stoner of ... in Com. Oxon, Knight; Elizabeth of ... Lord Scrope of Upsall; Margaret of Sir Iohn Mortimer Knight, and afterwards of Robert Horne; Lucy, first of Sir Thomas Fitz-Williams of Aldwarke, Knight (Father of William Fitz-Williams, Earl of Southampton) after of Sir Anthony Brown. Knight; and Isabell of Sir William Huddleston of Salston, Knight.

Which George, for wantRot Pa •• . 17 Ed. 4. n. 16. of sufficient livelihood (in respect of his Fathers Attainder) being degradedRot Pa •• . 17 Ed. 4. n. 16. from all his titles of Dignity and Honor, by the Parliament of 17 Edw. 4. departing Catal. of Nobil. by R. B. this life without issue, was buriedCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. at Sher •• -hoton, 4 May, An. 1483. (1 Edw. 5.)

William Nevill, Lord Fauconbridge.

THis William being one of the younger Sons to Ralph Nevill, the first Earl of Westmorland, took to WifeEsc. 10 H. 5. n. Ioane the Daughter of Sir Thomas Fauconberge Knight, who madeEsc. 10 H. 5. n. proof of her age in 10 Hen. 5. being thenEsc. 10 H. 5. n. fifteen years old; whereupon she had Livery Claus. 10 H. 5. m. 5. of the Castle and Mannor of Skelton, and Mannor of Mersk, in Com. Ebor. of her Inheritance.

This William in 4 Hen. 6. after the King himself wasPolyd. Virg. • . 469 & 〈◊〉 made Knight at Leicester, by his Uncle the Duke of Bedford, on Whitsunday; amongst others, receivedPolyd. Virg. • . 469 & 〈◊〉 the like honor at his hands: And in 9 Hen. 6. manifested his Military skill and valor in a very high measure, at the SiegeIbid. of Orleance. In 26 Hen. 6. he was Rot. 〈◊〉 26 H. 6. m. 8. again in the Wars of France; and afterwards made GovernorPat. 30 H. 6. p. 1. m. 24. of the Castle of Roxborough in Scotland. But at length being sentIbid. Ambassador into Normandy, to treat of Peace and Truce betwixt both Realms, he was most perfidiously seisedIbid. upon by the French, and kept prisonerIbid.: In respect of which sufferings, he had in 30 Hen. 6. an AssignationIbid. of four thousand an hundred and eight pounds eighteen shillings ten pence farthing, then in arrear to him for his pay, whilst he was Governor of Roxborough; to be received out of the Customs of Wooll, Cloaths, Skins, Lead, and other Commodities, arising in the Ports of Boston, Kingston upon Hull, and Ipswich.

After this he was again constituted Governor Claus 33 H. 6. m. 20. of Roxborongh Castle, Sir Ralph Grey Knight being joynedClaus 33 H. 6. m. 20. with him in that trust, from the first day of March 30 Hen. 6. for twelve years; for which service they were to receive Claus 33 H. 6. m. 20., in times of Truce, a thousand pounds per annum, and in time of Warr two thousand pounds per annum, to be paidPat. 33. H. 6. p. 1 m. • . out of the Customs arising in the Port of Newcastle upon Tine.

In 32 H. 6. he was still prisoner 〈◊〉 Franc. 32 H 6 m. 5. in France. And in 35 Hen. 6. beingRot. Fran. again in the Warrs of France, he was of the retinue35 Hen 6. m ... of Richard Nevill Earl of Warwick (his Nephew) then Captain of Calais, and Lieutenant of the Marches there. And in 1 Ed. 4. having fought S • ows Ann. valiantly for that King in the Battle of Touton, where the Lancastrians received a fatal overthrow; had in consideration 〈…〉 of his great merits, Licence 〈…〉 to transport an hundred sacks of Wooll, Custom-free; and soon after advanced 〈…〉 to the title of Earl of Kent; as also made 〈…〉 Lord Admiral of England. Which title and Honour he did not long enjoy; but departed Catal. of Nobil. by R. B. Esc 3 E. 4. n. 33. this life, leaving issueCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. Esc 3 E. 4. n. 33. three Daughters his Heirs; viz. Catal. of Nobil. by R. B. Esc 3 E. 4. n. 33. Ioane the Wife of Sir Edward Bedhowing, Knight; Elizabeth of Sir Richard Strangways, Knight; and Alice of Sir Iohn Conniers, Knight; and was buryedCatal. of Nobil. by R. B. Esc 3 E. 4. n. 33. in the Priory of Gisborough, in Com. Ebor.

Edward Nevill Lord Bergavenny.

THis Edward, Edward. being fourth Son to Ralph Earl of Westmorland, by Ioane his second Wife, weddedEsc. 14 H. 6 n. 35. Elizabeth the sole Daughter and Heir to Richard Beauchamp Earl of Worcester, SonEsc. 14 H. 6. n. 35. of William Beauchamp Lord Bergavenny, and doing his Homage Rot Fin. 14 Hen. 6. m. 13. for the Lands of her Inheritance, in 14 H. 6. And though he had LiveryRot Fin. 14 Hen. 6. m. 13. of them accordingly; yet was he keptPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 7. out of the Possession of the Castle, and Mannor of Bergavenny, by Richard Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, and after him byPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 7. his Son Henry Beauchamp Duke of Warwick, so long as they lived; but at length, upon the humble remonstrancePat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 7. of himself and his Wife, in 27 Henr. 6. he obtained LiveryPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 7. of both; Anne the Daughter and Heir of Duke Henry, beingPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 7. then in Ward to the King: whereupon he was stiledPat. 27 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 7. Lord Bergavenny: and within two years after; viz. in 29 Hen. 6. summonedClaus de eodem anno in dorso. to Parliament by that Title.

This Edward surviving the before specified Elizabeth, did afterwards marryStafford, & Kempe f. 53. b. Katherine the Daughter of Sir Robert Howard, Kt. but for this marriage they were both ExcommunicateStafford, & Kempe f. 53. b., in regard they hadStafford, & Kempe f. 53. b. Carnal Copulation together in the life time of his first Wife; andStafford, & Kempe f. 53. b. likewise for that he was of near kindred to her; viz. within the third degree of Consanguinity. Howbeit at length making their application to Pope Nicholas the fifth, they wereStafford, & Kempe f. 53. b. absolved, and had a special DispensationStafford, & Kempe f. 53. b. for that their marriage; dated at Rome 15 Octob. Ann. Dom. 1448.

In 9 Edw. 4. this Edward was oneClaus. 11 E. 4. in dorso, • . 1. of the Peeres, who in full Parliament did vpon Oath make recognition to Prince Edward, the Son and Heir apparent of the King. And departed Esc. 16 Edw. 4. n. 6 • . this life upon Thursday 18 Octob. 16 Edw. 4. being then seizedEsc. 16 Edw. 4. n. 66., as Tenant by the curtesie of England, of the Inheritance of the said Elizabeth, of the Mannors of Merworth and Beriyng in Kent; Hokam, Tebinham, Berghe, Sutton, with the Hundreds of Laundiche and South-Grenhowe, in Com. Norf. of the Mannors of Ottelee, Lydgate, and Wrydelington, in Comitat. Suff. of the Castle and Mannor of Ewyas-Harold, in Com. Heref. of the Mannors of Kiderminster-Biset, Kiderminster-Burnell, Dunclent, Purshill, Rushale, and Inkeburowe, in Com. Wigorn. of the Mannors of East-Becheworth, Westcote, Padingden-Pembroke, and a third part of the Castle of Reygate, in Com. Surr. of the Mannors of Dicchening, Peccam, Rottyngdon, North-Ese in the Town of Iford; of the third part of the Castle and Mannor of Lewes, with the third part of the Chase of Cleres, and Forest of Worth; as also of the third part of the Hundreds of Buntinghill, Strete, Berecompe, Swanbergh, Helmestrowe, Yousemere, Walesbone and Ponynges; with the Moytie of the Hundreds of Wyndham, and Fishers-gate, all in Com. Suss. of the Mannors of Fordham, East-Hanyngfield, West-Haningfield, Thor • ton, Rideswell, and South-Hanyngfeild, in Com. Essex. and of the Mannors of Aston-Cantelow, Shelfeild, Allesley, and Fillongley, in Com. War. leaving Sir George Nevill George. Kt. his second Son by his first Wife, his nextLel. Itin▪ • ol. • . f. 92. Heir, at that time twenty six years of age: for Richard his eldest Son dyedLel. Itin▪ • ol. • . f. 92. before him, and was buriedLel. Itin▪ • ol. • . f. 92. in the South Isle of the Collegiate Church at Stanedrope in the Bishoprick of Durham, under a flat Marble Stone, with his Portrature in Brass upon it.

Which George in 26 Hen. 6. was foundClaus. 36 H. 6. m. 34. to be one of the Coufins and Heires to Sir Rowland Lenthale, Knight; viz. Son of Elizabeth Lady Bergavenny, Daughter of Richard Beauchamp Earl of Worcester, Son of Ioane sometime Lady Bergavenny, one of the three Sisters and Coheires of Thomas late Earl of Arundel, Brother of Margaret, Mother of Edmund Lenthale Esquire, Son of the same Sir Rowland and Margaret.

In 5 Hen. 7. this George beingPol. Vir • p. 584. n 20. &. 585 n. 80. one of the chief in that Army, sent over to Calais, in aid of Maximilian the Emperor against the French, returnedPol. Vir • p. 584. n 20. &. 585 n. 80. back without performing any considerable action; in regard the Emperor wanted Pol. Vir • p. 584. n 20. &. 585 n. 80. money to carry on the Warr. And by his TestamentHorn. 〈…〉 . bearing date 1 Iulii, 1491 (6 H. 7.) bequeathed his body to Sepulture in the Priory of Lewes in Suffex, on the South side of the Altar, where he had before erected his Tombe: appointing, that twenty four poor men cloathed in black, should carry Torches burning at his Exequies, and Masses then to be performed for him; for which service each of them to receive eight pence in money: Farthermore, that his Executors should pay two hundred marks to the Prior of that House, to cause Mass to be sung at the Altar, near the place of his Burial, every day; and to keep his Obit. yearly in that Church.

And diedPat. 8 H. 7. p. 1. in 7 Hen. 7. leaving Elizabeth his wife surviving 〈…〉 . (who afterwards marriedIbid. to Richard Nayler Citizen of London) and five Sons; viz Ibid. George his Son and Heir, William, Edward, Thomas, and Richard; and two Daughters, viz. Iane, Wife to Sir Henry Pole, Lord Montacute; and Elizabeth WifeIbid. of Sir Edward Berkley, Knight, to whom he gaveIbid. part of his Plate and Jewels.

Which George George. shortly after, had liveryPat 8. H. 7. p 1. of his Lands:George. And in 8 Hen. 7. was onePolyd. Virg. p. 60 • . of the principal persons in the Battle at Black-Heath against the Cornish men, then in Rebellion; and there happily vanquished.

In 14 Hen. 7. this George, beingPolyd Virg. p. 614. n. 40. under suspition for favouring of Edmund de la Pole Earl of Lincolne, at that time in Banishment, was claptIbid. into Prison; but nothing of guilt appearing Ibid. against him, he was enlarged, and received to greater favorIbid. then before: And in 2 Henr. 8. was made ConstablePat. 2 H • p. 1. m. 10. of Dover Castle, and Warden of the Cinque-ports.

He was also presentHerb. Hist of H. 8. p. 99. in 12 Hen. 8. at that memorable Enterview betwixt King. Henry the eighth, and Francis the first, King of France, betwixt Guisnes and Arores. And having marriedIbid. p. 109. Mary Daughter to Edward Duke of Buckingham, was suspectedIbid. p. 112. of privity with him in those treasonable attempts wherewith he was then charged; and ImprisonedIbid. p. 112. for the same; but afterwards receivedIbid. p. 112. to favor.

Moreover, in 22 Hen. 8. he was one of the Peers,Ibid. p. 306. who subscribed that Letter to Pope Clement the seventh, importing, that in case he did not comply with King Henry in that cause of his Divorce from Queen Catherine, he should lose his Supremacy here. And by his TestamentHogen cu. 35., dated 4 Iunii, 1535. (27 Hen. 8.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Parish-Church of Birling in Kent; and departing this life shortly after, left issueHogen cu. 35. by Ioane, Daughter of Thomas, Earl of Arundel (his first Wife) one Daughter called Elizabeth, married to Henry Lord d'Aubeny; and by Mary, his second Wife, Daughter to Edward, Duke of Buckingham, Henry, his Son and Heir; as also five Daughters, viz. Hogen cu. 35. Catherine, Wife of Iohn. S. Leger Esquire; Margaret, Wife of Iohn Cheney, Son of Sir Thomas Cheney Knight; Dorothy, Wife of William Brooke, Son of George Lord Cobham; Iane, Wife of Sir Henry Pool Knight; and Vrsula, of Sir William S. Leger Knight; Mary Brooke alias Cobham, who had been his ConcubineHogen ut supra., but then his last Wife, being great with childHogen ut supra. at that time by him.

Which Henry Henry. (his Son and Successor) was summonedJo • rnal of Parl de eodem An. to Parliament in 3 & 4 Edw. 6. And in 5 Edw. 6. accompaniedHist. of Edw. 6. by S. J Harw. p. 123. the Marquess of Northampton, and some other Lords, in a solemn Ambassie into France; as also to present Hist. of Edw. 6. by S. J Harw. p. 123. the Order of the Garter to that King; and departing 〈◊〉 . in Officio Armor. f. 24 a. this life 20 Febr. An. 1586. (29 Eliz.) was buried 〈◊〉 . in Officio Armor. f. 24 a. at Birling; leaving issueCamd. Eli • . p. 511. by Frances his Wife, Daughter of Thomas Mannours, Earl of Rutland, one sole Daughter and Heir, called Mary, who became the Wife of Sir Thomas Fane of ... Knight; and thereupon challengedCamd. Eli • . p. 511. the title of Baroness Bergavenny, against Edward Nevill, Son of Edward, a younger Brother to this last mentioned Henry, (by Eleanor his Wife, Daughter of Andrew, Lord Windsor) next Heir-male of this Line; unto whom the Castle of Bergavenny, was setledCamd. Eli • . p. 511. both by Testament and Act of Parliament. Which Dispute was not determined untilJournal of Parl de eodem A. 25 May, 1 Iac. And then, after great ArgumentsJournal of Parl de eodem A. on each part, the title of Lord Bergavenny, was, both by Judgment of the House of Peers, and Order of the Lords Commissioners, for the Office of Earl Marshal of England, decreedIbid. Seldens 〈◊〉 . of Hon • r, p 879. for the Heir-male. Whereupon, to give some satisfaction to the Heir-female, the King, by his Letters Patents grantedIbid. Seldens 〈◊〉 . of Hon • r, p 879. the Dignity or Barony of le Despenser to her, and to her Heirs.

Which Edward, Edward. thus enjoying the title of Lord Bergavenny, was oneCamd. Eliae. p 453. of the Peers, who sate in judgment upon the Queen of Scots at Fotheringhay, in October next following; and departedIbid. p. 511. this life in 31 Eliz. leaving issue Ibid. p. 511. by Catherine his Wife, Daughter of Sir Iohn Brome of Hatton in Com. Oxon, Knight, Edward, his Son and Successor in this Honor; as also three other Sons, viz. Francis, George, and Henry.

Which Edward Edward. took to WifeI. 8. in Officio Arm. r. f. 8. b. Rachel, Daughter of Iohn Leonard of Knoll in Com. Kanc. Esquire; by whom he had issueIbid. six Sons, viz. Sir Henry Nevill Knight, who succeeded him; Edward, who diedIbid. unmarried; Christopher, who took to WifeIbid. Mary, one of the Daughters and Coheirs of ... Darcy of Tolston-Darcy in Com. Essex, Esquire; Iohn, Thomas, and Charles, who diedIbid. young; and five Daughters, viz. Ibid. Elizabeth; the Wife of Sir Iohn Grey Knight, eldest Son to the Lord Grey of Groby, and afterwards of Sir Iohn Bingley Knight; Mary, Wife of Sir George Goring of Denny in Com. Suss. Knight, (afterwards Lord Goring, and Earl of Norwich;) Catherine, Wife of Sir Stephen Lessieur of Cheswike in Comit. Middles. Knight; Frances and Margaret, who died unmarried: And departingIbid. this life 1 Dec. An. 1622. (20 Iac.) was buriedIbid. also at Birling.

To whom succeeded Henry, Henry. his SonIbid. and Heir, who first marriedIbid. Mary, Daughter of Thomas Sackvile, Earl of Dorset, (Lord Treasurer of England) by whom he had issueIbid. Sir Thomas Nevill Knight.

Which Sir Thomas married Elizabeth, Daughter to ... Lord Mordant, and died in his Fathers life time, leaving no issue surviving; he had also issue by her four Daughters, viz. Cicely, Wife of Sir William Coninsby of Hampton-Court in Com. Heref. Knight; Elizabeth, who died unmarried; Mary, Abbess of Pontoise in France; and Anne, who died also unmarried. To his second Wife, he wedded Catherine k, Daughter to Edward Lord Vaux of Harowden; and had issue by her two Sons, viz. Iohn and George; and three Daughters, viz. Catherine, first married to Sir Robert Howard Knight, a younger Son to Theophilus, Earl of Su • folk; afterwards to Robert Berry of Ludlow in Com. Salop. Gent. Frances yet unmarried, and Elizabeth, Wife of Thomas Stonore of Stonore in Com. Oxon. Esquire.

Which Iohn, Iohn. succeeding Henry his Father in this Honor, took to Wife Elizabeth, Daughter and Coheir of William Chamberlaine of Sherburne Castle in Com. Oxon. Esquire, and died 12 Dec. An. 1660. without issue. To whom succeeded George; George. his Brother; which George married Mary, Daughter of Henry Giffard, Doctor of Physick; and had issue by her one Son, called George, now Lord Bergavenny, and one Daughter called Mary: And departed this life ... Iune, An. 1666.

Nevill, Lord Latimer.

THe first of this Family, that bore the title of Lord Latimer, was Iohn Nevill, Iohn. Son Ex Coll. R. Gl. S. to Ralph Lord Nevill of Raby, by Ex Coll. R. Gl. S. Elizabeth, his second Wife, DaughterEx Coll. R. Gl. S. and Heir to William Lord Latimer of Danby; for so was he stiled in 1 Hen. 5. by those Covenants Ex Autogr. penès Tho. Comitem E • giniae, An. 1659. with Iohn Lord Lumley, to sojourn with him in his House, from Wednesday the sixth of December, 1 Hen. 5. so long as they should both of them like thereof; the Lord Latimer bringing with him as many Gentlemen, Yeomen, and Grooms, as he thought fit, paying for himself twenty shillings by the week; for every Gentleman two shillings, for every Yeoman sixteen pence, and every Groom twelve pence. And in 4 Hen. 6. was KnightedLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 705. at Leicester, on Whitsunday, by the King himself (who had thenLel. Coll. Vol. 1. p. • 705. received that honor at the hands of his Uncle, the Duke of Bedford.

This Iohn was summonedClaus. de iisdem an. in dorso. to Parliament, by the title of Lord Latimer, from 5 Hen. 4. till 9 Hen. 6. inclusive; and having marriedLib. Cedul. 9 H. 6. p. 426. E • 25 H. 6. p. 587. Maud, Daughter of Thomas Lord Clifford, and Widow of Richard, Earl of Cambridge, departed 〈…〉 this life upon Sunday next after the Feast of S. Lucy the Virgin 9 Hen. 6. without issue; being then seised 〈…〉 of the Mannors of Skampeston, Sin • ington, and Marton super Sevene in Com. Ebor. Stiffo • d in Com. Nortumbr. Corby in Com. Northampt. Dilwike, Bromham, Wotton, and Ronhale, in Com. Bedf. Helpringham, Thorpe-Latimer, and Skreedington, in Com. Linc. leaving Sir Iohn Willoug • by Knight, Son of Elizabeth his Sister, his next 〈…〉 Heir, then thirty years of age.

But divers of these Lordships, whereof he so died seised, being, for want of issue of his Body, Entailed 〈…〉 upon Ralph his elder Brother, Earl of Westmorland; he the said Ralph setled them by 〈…〉 Feoffment upon George Nevill, one of his Sons by his second Wife. Which George 〈…〉 was thereupon summoned 〈…〉 to Parliament as Lord Latimer, the next ensuing year, viz. 10 Hen. 6. And in 12 Hen. 6. (withRot. Scoc. 12 H. 6. m. 3 Richard, Earl of Salisbury, his elder Brother, and others) was made CommissionerRot. Scoc. 12 H. 6. m. 3 to treat with such, as the King of Scots should then intrust, for redressing of certain injuries committed by the Subjects of each Realm, contrary to the Articles of Truce formerly made betwixt both Kingdoms.

In 13 Hen. 6. this George upon intelligence 〈…〉 given to the King, that the Scots had raised Forces, with purpose to besiege Barwick, and other places of strength, in the Marches towards Scotland; was constituted 〈…〉 one of the cheif Commanders of the Kings Forces, then raised in the Northern parts, for the defence of those places.

And the same year, came to an accord 〈…〉 with Maud, Countess of Cambridge (Widow of Iohn Lord Latimer) to this effect, viz. That if they should, by Advice of their Council, grant unto Sir Iohn Willoughby Knight, any Lands, for the increase of Amity, betwixt them all three; and avoiding of Sutes for those Lands which were formerly belonging to the said Iohn, Lord • atimer (whose Cosin and next Heir Sir Iohn Willoughby was) that of such Lands, she should give two parts, and he, the said George, the third. And in case of any Su • e Commenced by Sir Iohn Willoughby against them, for any of those Lands, she to bear two parts of the costs, and he the third.

Which Maud died 〈…〉 upon Friday, next after the Feast of S. Bartholo • ew the Apostle, 25 H. 6. leaving Thomas Lord Clifford, her Nephew 〈…〉 and Heir (viz. Son of Iohn Lord Clifford her Brother) then thirty years of age.

This George Lord Latimer took to WifeLel. Coll. Vol. • p. 911. Elizabeth, the third Daughter (by the first Wife) of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick; by whom he had issueLel. Coll. Vol. • p. 911. one Son, viz. Sir Henry Nevill Knight, and a Daughter that died without issue; but in his later days he grew an 〈…〉 Id • ot: For which cause, King Edward the Fourth, in the first year of His Reign, committed the custody 〈…〉 of all his Lordships, and Lands, to Richard Nevill, Earl of Warwick, his Nephew: And departed 〈…〉 this life 30 Dec. 9 Edw. 4. being then seised 〈…〉 of the Mannors of Mersham and • ercop, with the third part of the Mannor of Moreland, in Com. Westmorl. The Mannor of Belton in Com. Cumbr. The Mannors of 〈◊〉 , Senington, • hornton in Pickering-Lithe, and S •• mston, in Com. Ebor. The Mannor of 〈◊〉 -Latimer, and the Hundred of Cranley in Com. Buck. The Mannors of Stow, Kistingbury, Brampton, Burton, Boseyate; and the Mannor and Hundred of Corby in Com. Northampt. The Mannors of Helpringham, S • redington, and Folkingham; the Mannors of North Pikenham, South Pikenham, Foulden, Houton; and Mannor of Karbroke, called Woodhal, in Com. Lin • . And the Mannors of Wolton, Ronhall, Cardington, Bromham, and Di • wike, in Com. Bedf. Leaving Richard Nevill his Grandson (viz. Son of Sir Henry Nevill Knight, his only Son 〈…〉 , who deceased in his life time) his next Heir, and at that time about two years of age.

To which Sir Henry, King Edward the Fourth, in the eighth year of His Reign, taking into considerationPat. 〈◊〉 4. p. 1. • . 11. his laudable services, and that Pat. 〈◊〉 4. p. 1. • . 11. the Mannor of Iselhamstead-Latimer in Com. Buck. had been long in the possession of the Lords Latimer, grantedPat. 〈◊〉 4. p. 1. • . 11. it; and to the Heirsmale of his Body.

This Sir Henry married 〈…〉 one of the Daughters of the Lord Berners; and being slain 〈…〉 at Edgco • e Field, near Banbury, in 9 Edw. 4. (his Father then living) was buried 〈…〉 at Warwick, in that beautiful Chappel on the Southside the Quire of the Collegiate Church there, built by the Executors of Richard Beauchamp, sometime Earl of Warwick, for the Sepulture of that Earl (from whom, by Elizabeth his third Daughter, this Henry did descend) leaving issue two Sons, viz. • el. Coll. Vol. 1. p. 911. Sir Richard Nevill Knight, who succeeded his Grandfather in the title of Lord Latimer, and Thomas a younger Son. Which Richard Ric • ard. wasPolyl. Vi • g p. • 4. one of the Commanders of the Kings Forces, in the Battle of Stoke juxta Newark upon Trent, in 1 Hen. 7. against Iohn, Earl of Lincoln, and his Rebellious Adherents, who were there happily vanquished. And in 6 Hen. 7. had special LiveryPat. 6 H. 7. p. 1. of all the Lands, which descended to him, by the death of his Grand-father.

Moreover, in 8 Hen. 7. whenPolyd. Virg. p. 60 • . • . 4 • . the Scots had besieged Norham Castle, he wasPolyd. Virg. p. 60 • . • . 4 • . an eminent Commander in the English Army; upon the advance whereof (under the conduct of the Earl of Surrey) they fledPolyd. Virg. p. 60 • . • . 4 • .. As alsoGodw. 〈◊〉 in 5 Hen. 8. at Floddon Field, where King Iames the Fourth of Scotland, lost his life. And in 22 Hen. 8. one of the Peers who subscribed that Letter to Pope Clement the Seventh, intimatingHerb. 〈◊〉 H. 8. p. 3 •• ., That, if he did not comply with King Henry in that cause of his intended Divorce from Queen Catherine, he must expect no other then to lose his Supremacy here.

And having marriedEx Coll. Samp • . 〈◊〉 Ar. Anne the Daughter of Humphrey Stafford of Grafton in Com. Wigorn. Esquire, by whom he had issueLel. Coll. Vol. 1. • 912. six Sons, viz. Iohn, William, Thomas, Marmaduke, George, and Christopher; and six Daughters, viz. Lel. Coll. Vol. 1. • 912. Margaret married to ... Son and Heir to ... Willoughby Lord Brooke, Dorothy, Elizabeth, Catherine, Susan, and Ioane; departed this life in the same Two and twentieth of Henry the Eight, as it seems; for then had Iohn, Iohn. his Son and Heir, a special 〈…〉 Livery of his Lands.

Which Iohn first took to Wife 〈…〉 Dorothy, one of the three Sisters and Coheirs to Iohn, Earl of Oxford. And upon 〈…〉 that Insurrection in Yorkshire in 28 Hen. 8. called The Pilgrimage of Grace, with the Lords Scrope, Lumley, and Darcy, was made choice 〈…〉 of by the Rebels, to treat with the Duke of Norfolk, (General of the Kings Forces) then advancing against them.

By his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 12 Sept. An. 1542. (34 Hen. 8.) bequeathed his Body to Sepulture on the Southside of Well Church, where his Ancestors lay buried, in case he should die in Yorkshire; appointing, that the Master of the Hospital and Vicar there, should take and receive all the Rents of the Parsonage of Askham-Richard, in the County of the City of York, during the space of forty years; as also of the Parsonage of S. Georges Church in York, for the like term, therewith to find a Schoolmaster, at Well before specified, during that term of forty years, for teaching of Grammar; and to pray for him the said Iohn, and all others, for whom he was bound to pray.

And having secondly married 〈…〉 Catherine, Daughter to Sir Thomas Parr of Kendal Knight, (who becameIbid. the last Wife to King Henry the Eighth) departedSpert ut supra. this lif • shortly after; for the ProbateSpert ut supra. of this his Testament bears date 11 Martii, next ensuing▪ and was buried 〈…〉 in S. Thomas Chappel, near the North door of S. Pauls Cathedral in London; leaving issue by her Iohn, his Son and Heir, and a Daughter called Margaret.

Which Iohn Iohn. (the last Lord Latimer of this Family) having marriedRow qu. 16. the Lady Lucy, Daughter to Henry, Earl of Worcester, by whom he had issue four Daughters his Heirs, viz. 〈…〉 Catherine, Wife of Henry, Earl of Northumberland; Dorothy, Wife of Thomas • ecill, eldest Son to William Lord Burleigh, Lord High Treasurer of England, (afterwards Earl of 〈◊〉 ;) Lucy, Wife of Sir William Cornwallis Knight, and ... Wife of Sir Iohn Davers Knight; departed 〈…〉 this life in An. 1577. (20 Eliz.) leaving her the said Lady Lucy surviving, who died 〈…〉 23 Febr. An. 1582. (24 Eliz.) and was buriedS • ows Survey, p. 797. Ex Epitaphio in Eccles. d • Hackney. in the Northside of the Chancel of the Parish Church at Hackney in Com. Middl.

Fitz-Alan of Clun.

IN the time of William the Conqueror,Alan. Alan the Son of Flathald (or Flaald) obtained, by the gift 〈…〉 of that King, the Castle of Oswald • ter, with the Territory adjoyning; which belonged to Meredith ap Blethyn, a Britton. This Alan having married 〈…〉 the Daughter and Heir to Warine, Sheriff 〈…〉 of Shrop • hire, in the time of King William the Conqueror, had 〈…〉 , in her right, the Barony of the same Warine; and confirmed 〈…〉 all those Grants, which his Ancestors or Tenants had given to the Monks of S. Peters Abby at Shrewsbury, soon after the Foundation thereof.

To him succeeded William, his Son and Heir, who ( • eing called 〈…〉 William Fitz-Alan) in 1 Hen. 1. Founded 〈…〉 the Abby of 〈◊〉 in Com. Salop. for Canons Regular of S. Augustines Order: For which respect, he had afterwards a Grant 〈…〉 of the Patronage thereof, in all vacancies, made unto him by King Henry the Second. He likewise Founded 〈…〉 the Priory of Wombr • gge in the same County, for Canons of that rule; and bestowed 〈…〉 on the Knights-Templars, the Lordships of • arditon and Hu • hemerse, with the moity of Chattewell; as also 〈…〉 two Messuages in Shrewsbury. Moreover, to the Monks of Shrewsbury, he gave 〈…〉 all his Lands in 〈◊〉 as also 〈…〉 the Churches of O • ton, Trochford, and Oswaldstry, with the Chappel of Martines- • hirk, and all other Chappels belonging to those Churches; likewise 〈…〉 half a Salt Work in 〈◊〉 in Com. Wigorn. And 〈…〉 a place upon Severne, within his Forest, to contain a Flood-gate, either for Fishing, or for his Mill at Etton, together with the Tithes of Donham, and four Ox-gangs of Land in Trochford. He also gave 〈…〉 to the Monks of Cumbermere in Com. Cestr. a certain Meadow lying on the River of Mees, with common 〈…〉 in his Woods of Her • ale, Bromha • e, and Spipford. And on the Monks of Buldewas in Com. Salop. bestowed 〈…〉 his Lordship of Little Bu • dewas, with all his Woods of Wroxeter; reserving only out of them necessaries for himself, and his Tenants, with Paunage for his own and their Hogs.

In 3 Steph. when divers of the great Men armed themselves on the behalf of M • ud the Empress, this William Fitz-Alan then Governor 〈…〉 of Shrewsbury, and Sheriff 〈…〉 of the County, did 〈…〉 so likewise; and held 〈…〉 the Castle of Shrewsbury against that King, until it was taken 〈…〉 from him by assault. He was 〈…〉 also with her at the Siege of Winchester Castle, in 6 Steph. where she and her whole Army were 〈…〉 put to flight: And afterwards adhering stoutly to her, was constituted Sheriff of the County of Salop, so soon as her Son, King Henry the Second, attained to the Crown: In which Office he continued 〈…〉 till his death, viz. in 6 Hen. 2. for, in that year, Guy Estrange, then Sheriff 〈…〉 of that Shire, accounted 〈…〉 to the King for the profits of his Lands, for the one half thereof; and also 〈…〉 for Money paid in Wages to the Servants in his Castles of •• un, B • an • minster (id est, • sw • ldster) and Ruthin. And having married 〈…〉 Isabel de Say (Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir of Helias de Say) Neice 〈…〉 to Robert, Earl of Gl • cester, Lady 〈…〉 of Clun, left issue by her William, his Son and Successor; who, in 12 Hen. 2. upon 〈…〉 levying the Aid, for Marriage of the Kings Daughter, certified 〈…〉 his Knights Fees to be in number thirty five and an half; whereof nineteen were De Veteri Feoffamento, and sixteen and an half De Novo. But in 19 Hen. 2. or before, he departed this life; for then it appearsRot. Pip. • 9 H. 2. 〈◊〉 ., that the Sheriff of Oxfordshire accounted fifteen pound for the relief of those Knights Fees which he held in that County, leaving William Fitz-Alan, his Son and Heir.

Which William in An. 1188. (33 Hen. 2.) gave 〈…〉 large entertainment at his Castle of Oswaldester to Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, in his Itinerary then made into Wales; and underwent the Sheriffs Office for that County of Salop, fromRo • Pip. de iisd. 〈◊〉 Salop. 2 Rich. 1. untilRo • Pip. de iisd. 〈◊〉 Salop. 3 Ioh. inclusive.

In 6 Rich. 1. this William paidRot. Pip. 6 R. 1. Salop. twenty seven pound ten shillings upon levying the Scutage for the Kings redemption: And in 1 Ioh. gave a FineOblat • 1 Jo • . m. 〈◊〉 . of sixty marks to be excused from attending that King beyond Sea. Moreover, in 6 Ioh. he obtained a CharterCart. 6 Joh. n. 10 • . for a Fair yearly to be kept at his Mannor of Norton (now called Cheping-Norton) in Com. Oxon. And another at Clun in Com. Salop. And departed this life in 16 Ioh. or before; for then did Rot. Pip. 16 Joh. Salop. Thomas de Erdinton give five thousand marks for the Wardship of his Lands, and marriage of his Son and Heir, to his own Daughter. Which Son died, as it seems, soon after; for it is manifest Rot. 〈◊〉 4 H 3. • . 6. that Iohn Fitz-Alan, his Brother, enjoyed the estate.

Which Iohn, Iohn 1. the next ensuing year, adhered Mat. Paris, 254. • 7. to Robert Fitz-Walter, and the rest of the Rebellious Barons, then in Arms. Howbeit, in 1 Hen. 3. having LettersPat. 1 H. 3. m. 2. of Safe-conduct, to come in, and make his peace, he had LiveryRot. Pip. 3 H. 3. • erks. of the Lands of his Inheritance, but gaveRot. Pip. 3 H. 3. • erks. no less then ten thousand marks for his Fine. And the year next following had respiteRot 〈◊〉 . 4 H. • . • 6. for payment of that debt, which Thomas de Erdinton owed to the King, for the Wardship of the Son and Heir of William his Brother.

Being thus repossessed of those Lands, in 12 Hen. 3. he obtained another CharterClaus. 12 H. 3. m. • . for a Fair yearly to be kept at his Mannor of 〈…〉 Blancminster in Com. Salop. upon the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of S. Andrew, and two days following.

And in 22 Hen. 3. upon 〈…〉 determination of the Truce made betwixt the King, and Lewelin▪ Prince of Wales (Lewelin fleeing out again) (amongst other of the Barons Marchers) received Summons 〈…〉 to attend the King at Oxford, in the xvme of Easter, thereto advise what was best to be done upon that occasion.

This Iohn had two Wives, The first Isabel 〈…〉 , the second Daughter of William de Albiny, Earl of Aru • del, and Sister 〈…〉 and Coheir to Hugh her Brother; the second Hawise 〈…〉 de Blancminster: And departed 〈…〉 this life in 24 Hen. 3. Whereupon the King directed His Precept 〈…〉 to Iohn Estrange, to assign a reasonable Dowry unto the same Hawise (then surviving) out of all his Lands, excepting those of Blan • minster, Clun, and Shrawurthin; the like command Ibid. being issued to the Sheriff of G • ocestershire.

By vertue of which Precept, this Hawise had 〈…〉 the Mannors of • rogford in Cheshire, Kinelegh in Comitat. Wilts; Cunerte, Acton, Wroxcestry, Upton, Nesse, Mulford, Edenesden, Forton, and Wal • egh, in Com. Salop. assigned unto her. And the same Iohn Estrange, to whom the custody of the residue of those L • nds was committed, had 〈…〉 an allowance of thirty marks per annum, for guarding the Castles of Blancminster, Scrawurthin, and Clun.

To which last mentioned Iohn Fitz-Alan, succeeded 〈…〉 Iohn, his Son and Heir, who in 28 H. 3. upon Partition 〈…〉 then made of all the Lands of Hugh de Albini, Earl of Arundel, deceased, had 〈…〉 (by right of descent from Isabel his Mother, one of the Sisters and Coheirs to the same Hugh) the Castle of Arundel, assigned unto him for his principal Seat. And soon after that, in consideration 〈…〉 of a thousand pounds fine, had Livery 〈…〉 of his own Castles of Blancminster, Clun, and Schrawurthin. And in 38 H. 3. obtained a Charter 〈…〉 for Free-Warren in all his Demesn Lands of Norton, Lavinton, Upton, Wroxcestry, Cunede, Harenegge, Acton, Troghford, Hope, Berlege, Eston, Rodinton, Stakes, S • ewardin, and Wikes.

In 41 Hen. 3. (being one of the Barons Marchers) he received command 〈…〉 to attend Hamon Estrange, at that time constituted 〈…〉 Warden of the Marches, near Montgomery: And in 42 Hen. 3. was made 〈…〉 Captain-General of all the Forces designed for guarding of those Marches. But in 44 Hen. 3. Roger de Mortimer being made 〈…〉 General Warden of all the Marches, he received the Kings Precept 〈…〉 to attend the commands of the same Roger, for conservation of the Peace in those parts.

Moreover, in 46 Hen. 3. upon 〈…〉 that • accord, then made, betwixt the King and those of the Barons with whom there had been difference; he was 〈…〉 one of them, to whom the King directed his Letters, by which he required 〈…〉 him to send his Seal, for ratifying thereof, in case he could not then personally repair unto him. And in 47 Hen. 3. upon 〈…〉 those hostile Incursions, then made by the Welsh, received Summons 〈…〉 (as did other of the Barons-Marchers) to come to Hereford, on the third day after the Epiphany, well fitted with Horse and Arms for defence of the Marches. And after that another 〈…〉 Summons, to prepare himself with Horse and Arms to attend Iames de Aldithele (one other of the Barons-Marchers) at Ludlow, for preventing the like Incursions.

Nevertheless, soon after this (viz. in 48 H. 3.) adhering 〈…〉 to the Rebellious Barons, he was 〈…〉 with some of them in the Castle at Rochester; but long he did not continue there: For it appears 〈…〉 , that before the end of that year, being in Arms for the King, in the Battle of Lewes, he was, with him, taken prisoner.

This Iohn died 〈…〉 in 52 Hen. 3. (as it seems) leaving issue by Maud his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 of Roese de Verdun, Iohn, his Son and Heir, then 〈…〉 twenty two years of age; who, doing his homage had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands, paying 〈…〉 a hundred pound for his releif for his own Barony in Shropshire, and elswhere; as also 〈…〉 twenty five pound for the fourth part of the Barony of Hugh de Albiny, late Earl of Arundel.

Of which la •• mentioned Iohn, I have seen no more, then that he departed 〈…〉 this life upon Friday preceding the Annunciation of our Lady, 54 Hen. 3. leaving issue by Isabel de Mortimer, his Wife 〈…〉 , Richard, Richa • d. his Son and Heir, five years of age, upon the Feast day of S. Blase.

Shortly after which, viz. in 1 Edw. 1. the custody of the Castle of Blancminster, and all other the Lands of this last deceased Iohn, were committed 〈…〉 to Iohn de Oxinden, and the Wardship of the said Richard granted 〈…〉 to Roger de Mortimer. Howbeit, Isabel his Mother, in 8 Edw. 1 obtained the custodyRot. Fin. 8 Ed. 1. m. 9. of the Castle and Honor of Arundel, during his minority; so likewiseClaus. 10 Ed. 1. m. 1., of the Castle of Blancminster, and Hundred of Oswaldster: Yet, within two years after, Edmund de Mortimer (Son to the before specified Roger) procured the Kings GrantPat. 10 Ed. 1. m. 8. for the custody of Arundel Castle; as also of the Castle and Hundred of Oswaldstry.

But in 13 Edw. 1. this Richard (was out of Ward) and obtained a GrantCart. 13 E. • . p. 2. n. 27. for a Fair at his Mannor of Arundel in Sussex, upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow, after the Feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross.

That this Richard, thus possessing the Castle of Arundel, thereupon enjoyed the Honor, viz. the title of Earl, without any formal Creation, or other Investiture, is clear enough from sundry Authorities: First from the LettersRot. Scot. 26 Ed. 1. m. 9. of Protection, which he had in 26 Edw. 1. upon that expedition then made into Scotland (wherein he was) he being therein calledRot. Scot. 26 Ed. 1. m. 9. Richardus filius Alani, Comes Arundell. Next, by that PreceptClaus. 29 Ed. 1. in dorso m. 8. in 29 Edw. 1. directed to him from the King; whereby, taking notice, that he had raised certain Forces to march against Fouke Fitz-Warine (a great Baron in Shropshire) he is therein also s • iledClaus. 29 Ed. 1. in dorso m. 8. Comes Arundell, and required Claus. 29 Ed. 1. in dorso m. 8., under the penalty of forfeiting whatsoever he held of the King, to forbear any act of hostility, against him the said Fouk • . As also by the Inquisition 〈…〉 taken after his death, the next ensuing year, wherein he is likewise so called. Moreover, That Iohn his Ancestor had, before him, that title, is evident from the Kings Mandate Pat. 35 Ed. 1▪ m. 14. to the Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer, in 35 Edw. 1. to enquire what debts Edmund, then Earl of Arundel, Son and Heir to this last mentioned Richard, stood charged with, either in his own name, or in the name of any of his Ancestors: In which Mandate there is this expression—Quod idem Edmundus nobis tenetur ad Sca • carium praedictum in Ciiil. xvi•. ixd. de duobus debitis, quae inveniuntur in Rotulis Scaccarii nostri praedicti, sub nomine Iohannis filii Alani, quondam Comitis Arundelliae, Antecessoris praedicti Edmundi, &c. And lastly, from the Act Rot. Parl. 11 H. 6. m. 9. n. 32. of Parliament in 11 Hen. 6. which declareth, That all who had been possessed of the Castle and Honor of Arundel, were Earls thereof, without any other Creation.

But of this Richard, Earl of Arundel, I have no more to say, then that he took to WifeCatal. of Nobil. by • . B. Alizon, Daughter to the Marquess of Saluce, in Italy; and left issue by her Edmund Esc. 30 • . 1. n 30. Suss. his Son and Successor, sixteen years of age in 30 Ed. 1. As also two Daughters, viz. Maud, WifeCatal. of No • . by R. • . to Philip, Lord Burnel; and Margaret toCatal. of Nob. by R. • . William Boteler of Wemme.

Which Edmund Edmund. in 34 Edw. 1. having received 〈…〉 the honor of Knighthood with Prince Edward, and divers persons of note, by the solemn Ceremony of Bathing, &c. attended 〈…〉 the King in his expedition at that time made into Scotland. So likewise in 35 Edw. 1.

In 3 〈…〉 & 4 〈…〉 Edw. 2. he was again in the Wars of Scotland; and in 5 Edw. 2. obtained the Kings Charter 〈…〉 for a Market every week, upon the Wednesday, at his Mannor of Ruiton in the Marches of Wales, with a Fair yearly on the Eve and Day of the Nativity of S. Iohn Baptist, and three days next following.

About this time it was, that Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, took upon him to redress what was amiss in the Government; divers of the Nobility adhering to him in that design, whereof this Earl was 〈…〉 one: But notwithstanding he so appeared therein, in 10 Edw. 2. he was constituted 〈…〉 Lieutenant and Captain General to the King, from Crent Northwards, as far as Roxborough in Scotland.

In 11 Edw. 2. he was charged 〈…〉 with providing two hundred Foot for the Kings service in Scotland, out of his Territories of Blancminster and Clun.

And in 〈…〉 12 & 13 Edw. 2. marched again 〈…〉 into Scotland; in which Wars, and other his imployments, he performed his trust so well, as that in 15 Edw. 2. the King bestowed 〈…〉 on him, and the Heirs-male of his Body, all those Houses near Algate, within the City of London; as also the Mannor 〈…〉 of Ideshale in Com. Salop. Which by the forfeiture of Bartholmew de Badlesmere (a great Baron in • ent) were escheated to the Crown. So likewise, the Mannor 〈…〉 of E • worth, in the Isle of Axho • me, and all the Lands besides, within that Isle, which did belong to Iohn Lord Moubray, and which, by his Rebellion, were then forfeited; with all other Lands there, which belonged to any other Rebel. As also 〈…〉 the Castle, Mannor, and Lands of Chirke; the Castle and Mannor of Dolverne; and likewise, those Lands of • ery, and K • dwey, in the Marches of Wales, which were part of the Possessions of Roger, Lord Mortimer of Wigmore, and also escheated by his Rebellion.

Moreover, he stood in so great favor with that King, and was so far trusted by him, that in 18 Edw. 2. he obtained his special 〈…〉 Letters to the Pope (sent by the Archdeacon of Buckingham) whereby, representing to his Holiness, the great animo • ities, which then were from divers of the Nobility, towards one another, occasioned by the Rebellion of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster; and, that, for reconciling them, and abolishing all farther feuds, which might thereupon ensue, no means could be more proper, then the linking their Children together by interchangable Marriages; he did intreat his Holiness, through his plenary power, to dispence, that Iohn, the Son and Heir of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Her • ford, (which Earl was slain at Burrowdrigge, in that Rebellion of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster) might marry one of this Earls Daughters; and that the Son and Heir of Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, might take to Wife another of them.

But this high esteem which he had from that unhappy King, became the cheif occasion of his utter ruine: For, in that violent storm of the peoples fury, raised by those Nobles who had harbored implacable discontents against the Kings misgovernment, through the sway of the Spensers, and other his Favorites; amongst which, Roger Lord Mortimer was not the least, and by whom he wasTh. 〈◊〉 . in An. 1327. 19 E. 2 p. 1 •• . perfectly hated, (after they had surprisedTh. 〈◊〉 . in An. 1327. 19 E. 2 p. 1 •• . the person of the King, whose cruel murther not long after ensued) he was beheaded Th. 〈◊〉 . in An. 1327. 19 E. 2 p. 1 •• . at Hereford, by the procurement of the same Mortimer, upon 〈…〉 the morrow after the Feast of S. Edmund the Archbishop.

Froissard 〈…〉 says, That the Queen landing in England with a great power, divers of the Nobility repaired to her; and hasting to Bristol, where the King and this Earl then were; as also both the Spensers, who were then the most obnoxious; having taken Hugh le Despenser the elder, together with this Earl, she caused them to be brought before Prince Edward, and divers of the Barons then with him; where, being judged to death; first to be drawn, then beheaded, and afterwards hanged on a Jebet. Execution was accordingly done, at the Gates of the Castle of Bristol, in the sight of the King himself, and of Hugh le Despenser the younger, upon the day of S. Denis in October, An. 1326.

By Alice his Wife, Sister 〈…〉 and Heir to Iohn, Earl Warren and Surrey, this Earl left issue Richard, his Son and Heir; and Edmund 〈…〉 a younger Son, on whose behalf the King wrote 〈…〉 to the Pope, for preferring him to some Ecclesiastical Dignity; as also two Daughters, Alice who married 〈…〉 to Iohn de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex; and Iane 〈…〉 to Warine Gerard Lord • Isle.

But, notwithstanding this hard fate to him, she the said Alice obtained some favor from the succeeding King: For it appears, that in 2 Ed. 3. she had an Assignation 〈…〉 of three hundred twenty pounds annuity for the support of her self and her children.

I now come to Richard his Son.

This Richard, Richard▪ being restored 〈…〉 in Parliament 4 Edw. 3. had the Castle of Arundel (which had been given to Edmund, Earl of Kent, the Kings Uncle) then rendred 〈…〉 to him. (Which Restoration and Render was afterwards confirmed 〈…〉 in the Parliament of 25 Edw. 3.) And in 5 Edw. 3. obtained the Kings Charter 〈…〉 for Free-Warren in all his Lordships of Kynele, Bul • ington, Wike, and Patesholl, in Com. Wilts.

Moreover, in 7 Edw. 3. he was constituted 〈…〉 Governor of Chirke Castle in Com. Denbigh; and the year next following, had a Grant 〈…〉 of the Inheritance of that Castle, with all the Territories thereto belonging, being part 〈…〉 of the Possessions of Roger Mortimer, Earl of March, attainted: And in 9 Edw. 3. was made Governor 〈…〉 of Porchester Castle. The same year he was 〈…〉 also in the Wars of Scotland; so likewise in 〈…〉 10 Edw. 3. the King himself being 〈…〉 in person there also. Furthermore, being Steward 〈…〉 of the Realm of Scotland, by Hereditary Right; and giving 〈…〉 up his whole title therein to King Edward, he had, in consideration thereof, the Grant 〈…〉 of a thousand marks, to be received out of the Kings Exchequer at Carna • von, as part of the issues of North Wales. And in 11 Ed. 3. being joyned 〈…〉 with William de Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, in the cheif command of the Army, then marching toward Scotland, he had an AssignationIbid. of one of the Kings Ships, called The S. Edward of Sandwich, for the carriage of their Victual, and other necessaries. In this year also he was constitutedPat. 11 Ed. • . p. 3. m. 8. Justice of North Wales, and obtained the Kings Charter Cart. 11 Ed. 3. m. 30. for a Market every week, on the Thursday, at his Mannor of Chirchestreton in Com. Salop; as alsoCart. 11 Ed. 3. m. 30. a Fair yearly on the Eve, Day, and morrow after the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross; with priviledgeIbid. n. 40. for himself and his heirs to have Return of Writs within his Hundreds of Westburne, Singleton, Esebourne, Box, Stokebrigge, Anesfourd, Bury, Rotherbrigge, and Peling, in Com. Suss. Likewise of all Summons of the Ex • bequer, and a Court within his Borough of A • undel; and by himself and his Bailiffs, to hold the Sheriffs Turn, within that Liberty, paying yearly to the King the sum of three pound sixteen shillings eight pence.

In 12 Edw. 3. he was againRo • . Scoc. 12 Ed. 3 m. 22. in the Scottish Wars, and had an allowance ofClaus. 12 E. 3. p 2. m. 21. one hundred forty five pound sixteen shillings two pence of his Wages, for service at Dunbar, and elswhere in Scotland. And being still Governor of the Castle of Porchester, had an AssignationClaus. 12 E. 3. p. 3. m. 22. of ten Men at Arms, and forty Archers, for the defence thereof▪ as also for security of the parts adjacent from Forein Incursions, with twelve pence per diem, for each of his Men at Arms, and three pence per diem for each of his Archers.

In 13 Edw. 3. he was constituted 〈…〉 Admiral of the Western Seas, and Governor 〈…〉 of Carnarvon Castle. And in 14 Edw. 3. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into Flan • ers.

In 15 Edw. 3. he was present 〈…〉 at that great Feast and Justing held at London by the King, for love of the Countess of Salisbury, as it is said 〈…〉 . And in 16 Edw. 3. being at the Siege 〈…〉 of Uannes in France, continued 〈…〉 there the next ensuing year.

In 18 Edw. 3. he was joyned 〈…〉 in that Embassie with Henry de Lancaster, Earl of Derby, unto Alfonsus, King of Castile and Leon, for according of those differences which had hapned betwixt the Kings Subjects, and those of that Realm, cheifly in Maritime Affairs; and was the same year again 〈…〉 in the Wars of France.

In 19 Edw. 3. he had the Sheriffalty of Shropshire granted 〈…〉 to him for life, being 〈…〉 at that time still in France.

And, having contracted Marriage 〈…〉 with Isabel, the Daughter of Hugh le Despenser, when he was in minority, and thereunto constrained 〈…〉 for fear; afterwards disavowing 〈…〉 his assent to the same, and a nullity made thereof by the Pope; he took to Wife 〈…〉 Eleanor, the Daughter of Henry, Earl of Lancaster, and had the Kings Letters 〈…〉 to the Pope for dispensing therewith, by reason of their affinity.

The same year also he was constituted 〈…〉 Admiral of the Kings Fleet to the Westwards; and in 20 Edw. 3. did 〈…〉 again attend the King in his Wars of France, being 〈…〉 one of the cheif Commanders, under Edward the Black Prince, in that famous Battle of Cressie, where the English obtained lasting honor. In 22 Edw. 3. he was constituted 〈…〉 one of the Kings Commissioners, to treat with certain Flemings, and likewise with the Earl of Flanders, touching certain differences then betwixt them: As also one of the Ambassadors sentRot. Rom. 22 Ed. • . to confer with the Ambassadors of Philip de Valois, in the Popes presence, concerning th • form of that Truce, which had been made betwixt King Edward, and the same Philip. And in 26 Edw. 3. was chargedRot. Fran. 26 Ed. 3. m. 7. with eighty Lanciers, out of his Territories of Oswaldstry, Clun, and Chirke, well armed and arrayed, for service in France.

He was likewise constitutedIbid. m. • . one of the Commissioners for guarding the Sea Coasts in Surrey and Sussex; as alsoIbid. m. • . for the arraying of Men in the Counties of Saloy and Stafford. And the next year, upon the Twenty fourth of October, did his homageClaus. 27 Ed. 3. • . 10. to the King in the Palace at Westminster, for his Barony of Bromfield and Yale.

In 28 Edw. 3. by IndentureClaus. 28 • d. 3. in dors • m 10. made betwixt this Earl and Roger de Mortimer, Earl of March▪ it was agreed, that Edmond, his Son and Heir, should take to Wife Alice the Daughter of the • ame Roger; and, that she should have three thousands marks for her portion, viz. one thousand at the Sealing of that Agreement; upon their Marriage, at seven years of age, one thousand marks more; and at their accomplishing the age of thirteen years, the remaining thousand marks. And the same year wasTho. Wa • . p. 161. again sent to Rome, to see that Agreement ratified by the Pope, which had been made betwixt the Kings of England and France, wherein wasTho. Wa • . p. 161. contained, That the King of England should enjoy all his Lands in the Dutchy of Aquitane, which the French had unjustly detained, in case he did totally quit his claim to that Realm.

Moreover, in the Parliament held this year, it being adjudged 〈…〉 , that Edmund, Earl of • rundel, his Father, was unjustly put to death in 1 Edw. 3. He was thereupon fully restored 〈…〉 , as Heir unto him. And in 34 Edw. 3. in consideration 〈…〉 of the great expence he had been at, in guarding the Sea Coasts of Sussex, when the French threatned an Invasion there, was exempted 〈…〉 from the charge, at which his Mannor of Medmenham had been then taxed, for arraying of Men at Arms and Archers, for the Kings service at Sea.

In 46 Edw. 3. (with 〈…〉 the Prince, the Duke of Lancaster, and divers other of the Nobility) he again attended 〈…〉 the King into France, for the relief of Thouars; but being crossed by contrary Winds, after nine weeks stay at Sea, returned. And in 47 Edw. 3. was retained by Indenture 〈…〉 , together with Iohn his Brother, to serve the King in his Fleet with forty Men at Armes, and forty Archers, for one whole year: Of which Men at Arms, four to be Knights, and thirty four Esquires.

In 49 Edw. 3. this Earl procured License 〈…〉 from the King, to Found a Chantry in his Chappel at Arundel, for a certain number of Priests and Clerks, and to endow it with Rent of one hundred and seven marks per annum out of his Lordships of Augemering, Wepham, and Warncamp, in Com. Suss. And by his TestamentS • dbury, • . 92. b., bearing date 5 Dec. the same year, bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Chapter-House of the Priory at Lewes, near to the Tomb of Eleanor de Lancaster, his Wife; appointing, that his Funeral should be solemnised without any Men at Arms, Horses, Herse, or other Pomp; likewise, to have but five Torches, with their Morters • (as was about the Corps of his Wife,) and no more then five hundred marks to be expended thereon.

Moreover, he bequeathed two hundred pound to purchase Lands and Rents for the Monks of Lewes, or else one or two Churches to be appropriated to that Monastery, for the maintenance of two Monks, to celebrate two Masses perpetually every day, for the Souls of his Father and Mother, his Wife with their Children, and Successors, and all Christian People, in the Chappel of S. Thomas the Martyr, in that House; or else in the Chappel of our Lady, on the North of the great Church; the one Mass of our Lady, the other of the Holy Ghost: And that every Prior of that House, at the first entrance upon his Government, should swear to see the same punctually performed: Likewise a thousand marks to purchase Lands of one hundred and seven marks per annum value, for the maintenance of six Priests and three Choristers, to celebrate Divine Service every day by Note, in the Chappel of his Castle at Arundel, and pray for the Souls of his Father and Mother; his Wife, and Children; their Successors, and all Christians: And to rise every day in Summer at the Sunrising, and in Winter at break of the day; to their Mattins by Note; as also to perform their Masses, high and low, and other Divine Services, according to the direction of his Executors.

By this Testament, he gave to his Son Thomas, then Bishop of Ely, two thousand marks: To his Son Iohn, five thousand marks, with all the stock upon his Lands at his decease: To Ioane, his Daughter, two thousand marks: To Alice, his other Daughter, three thousand marks: To Iohn, the Son of his Son Iohn, five hundred marks: To Wil • iam likewise, another Son of his Son Iohn, five hundred marks: To the eldest Daughter of his said Son Iohn, a thousand marks: To Henry and Edward, younger Sons of his Son Iohn, each five hundred marks: To his Nephews and Neices, the Sons and Daughters of Sir Roger le Strange, and to his Sister Aleyne la Strange, Wife of the said Roger, a thousand and a hundred marks, over and above a thousand marks more paid to them already.

To Richard, his Son and Heir, his best Coronet, charging him on his Blessing, to keep it, during his life, and then to leave it to his Heir; and so to remain from Heir to Heir, Lords of Arundel, in remembrance of him: To Ioan, his Daughter, his second Coronet, with the like charge, to keep it all her life, and then that it continue to her Heir; and so from Heir to Heir, as abovesaid. And to Alice, his Daughter, his third Coronet, upon the like conditions.

And departed 〈…〉 this life 9 Kal. Febr. An. 1375. (49 Ed. 3.)

By Isabel his first Wife, whom he repudiated, (as hath been observed) he had issue a Daughter called Philippa, married 〈…〉 to Sir Richard Sergeaux of ... in Com. Cornub. Knight. And by Eleanor his second (Daughter to Henry, Earl of Lancaster) Widow 〈…〉 of Iohn Lord Beaumont, three Sons, viz. Richard, who succeeded him in his Lands and Honors; Iohn, of whom I shall speak further by and by; and Thomas 〈…〉 , Bishop of Ely (but afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, and Chancellor of England;) and four Daughters, viz. Alice married 〈…〉 to Thomas Holland, afterwards Earl of Kent, to whom, and the Heirs of their two Bodies, in 38 Edw. 3. the King grantedIbid. the Mannors of Kirkby-Moresheved, Buttercramp, and Cropton. She is likewise said 〈…〉 to have been the Wife of Henry de Beaufort (who was afterwards the rich Cardinal) before he took orders; Eleanor 〈…〉 died young; Ioane, Wife 〈…〉 of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford; and Mary 〈…〉 wedded to Iohn Lord Strange of Blackmere.

Which Iohn, his second Son was afterwards a Banneret 〈…〉 ; and in 1 Rich. 2. retained 〈…〉 to serve the King in his Fleet at Sea, for a quarter of an year, with two hundred Men at Arms, and two hundred Archers, whereof twenty nine Knights and one hundred seventy Esquires, he being then also Marshal of England, and of the Retinue unto Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham, Uncle to the King.

This Iohn took to WifeClaus. de iisdem an. in dorso. Eleanor, the Daughter of Iohn Lord Maltravers, Sister and Heir to Henry Lord Maltravers; and was summoned Claus. de iisdem an. in dorso. to Parliament in 1, 2 & 3 Rich. 2. in the last of which years, being sentYpod. Neustr. 137. n. 5 • . with divers Knights, and others, in aid of the Duke of Britanny, he perishedYpod. Neustr. 137. n. 5 • . by Shipwrack, about the Feast day of S. Nicholas. It is reportedIbid. 138., that before he hoised Sail, he plundered the Countrey people, and being utterly cursed by them for so doing, this miserable fate soon overtook him.

By the said Eleanor his Wife he left issueRot. 〈◊〉 . 4 Hen. 5. m 9. a Son called Iohn. Which Iohn had likewise issue Iohn Rot. 〈◊〉 . 4 Hen. 5. m 9., Son and Heir; who, upon the death of Thomas, Earl of Arundel, without issue, being his next Heir-male, possessedRot. 〈◊〉 . 4 Hen. 5. m 9. the Castle of Arundel, and divers other Lordships, by vertue of an Entail made by Richard, Earl of Arundel, in 21 Edw. 3. (as I shall more fully shew anon) and by reason thereof had the title of Earl of Arundel.

But I return to Richard, Son and Heir to the last Earl Richard.

This Earl Richard being constituted 〈…〉 Admiral of the Kings Fleet, to the Westwards in 1 Rich. 2. and soon 〈…〉 after that, to the Southwards, was retained by Indenture 〈…〉 to serve the King, at Sea, for one quarter of an year, in the Company of Iohn, Duke of Lancaster, King of Ca ••• le: And in 7 Rich. 2. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into Scotland. About which time, he procured LicenseRot. Fran • . 7 • . • . m. 1 • . of the King, to imploy what Agents he should please to the Abbess and Covent of Almenesches (Alien) to treat and conclude with them for the purchase of certain Lands, part of the Possessions of the Priory of Leveminster in Sussex, belonging to those Nuns. As also a Charter 〈…〉 for a weekly Market at his Mannor of Estangmering in Sussex, upon the Saturday; and a Fair yearly upon the Eve and Day of the Apostles Peter and Paul: He also obtained the Kings farther License 〈…〉 to travel into Forein parts, and there to continue as long as he should think fit. But if he did then travel, he staid not long abroad; for in 8 R. 2. he was retained by Indenture 〈…〉 , to serve the King in his Wars of Scotland: And in 9 R. 2. joyned in Commission 〈…〉 with Thomas, D. of Lancaster, for the tryal of Michael de la Pole, and some other of the Kings Favorites, whom the Commons in Parliament had then charged with divers high crimes: Whereupon De la Pole was adjudged 〈…〉 to suffer death, and his estate to be confiscate.

In 10 Rich. 2. being made Admiral 〈…〉 of the Kings whole Fleet, to the West and Northward; he received 〈…〉 the moity of that Tenth then given 〈…〉 to the King in Parliament by the Clergy; as also 〈…〉 the moity of that Fifteen, given by the Laity for the Publick service of the Realm, in a Naval expedition. And puttingTh. Wals. p. 355. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. to Sea, upon Sunday, the Eve of our Ladies Ascension, encountred Th. Wals. p. 355. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. with a great Fleet of Flemings, French, and Spaniards, and after a sharp fight got the victory; wherein he tookTh. Wals. p. 355. n. 10, 20, 30 & 40. of Ships, great and small, no less then an hundred, all laden with Wines, containing 〈…〉 Nineteen thousand Tuns, which he brought into the Port of Orwell, and other Havens.

And after this, having new rigged his Navy, arrived 〈…〉 at Brest in Britanny; where he soon took 〈…〉 one of those Forts which the French had newly raised against the Castle there; and burnt the other. And having 〈…〉 then victualled that Castle for a year, and recruited the Garrison with all necessaries, returned 〈…〉 into England with great honor, though much envied 〈…〉 by the Duke of Ireland, and others, that bore great sway at Court; who did 〈…〉 all they could to deprave him, by speaking sleightly of these his noble exploits: And not only so, but growing more insolent (the King being totally guided by them) they conspired 〈…〉 the death of divers great persons, of which this Earl was one.

So that now there being 〈…〉 no other help, but that either those haughty spirited men must be supprest, or many of the most eminent Noblemen ruined: This Earl, with the Earls of Warwick and Derby, resolved 〈…〉 to put themselves in Arms.

The King therefore discerning their purpose, forthwith deliberatedIbid▪ n. 30. how he might destroy them, before they had united their distinct Forces; and to that end, sentIbid▪ n. 30. the Earl of Northumberland, and others with him, to Rigate Castle (where this Earl then was) with resolution there to surprise him. But when Northumberland got thither, and saw 〈…〉 what strength he had, he returned 〈…〉 without any attempt upon him. After which, some were sent 〈…〉 to take him by night, and bring him to the King, or 〈…〉 at least to murther him. The Lords therefore being in this strait, having raised a great power, soon met 〈…〉 at Haringay Park (near Highgate in Com. Middl. ) wherewith the King being alarmd, and mediation 〈…〉 made for a peaceable composure of these discontents, they came 〈…〉 to Westminster; and upon expostulation with them by the King, touching this their Insurrection; told 〈…〉 him, it was for his and the Kingdoms advantage, and to take from him those Trayterous persons, viz. The Duke of Ireland, and other his favorites who were enemies to the Commonwealth; the issue 〈…〉 whereof, for the present, terminated in the ruine of divers, who had so mis-guided the King, as in due place I shall shew.

The tide therefore then running with these Lords, this Earl, was by general consent 〈…〉 in the Parliament of 11 Rich. 2. made Governor 〈…〉 of the Castle and Town of Brest in Britanny; as also 〈…〉 the Kings Lieutenant in those parts. And shortly after (being 〈…〉 Admiral) made Lieutenant 〈…〉 , as also Captain-General of his Fleet at Sea, with Commission 〈…〉 to treat of Peace with Iohn de Mont • ort, then Duke of Britanny; and hoising sail 〈…〉 after Whitsontide, soon met with the Enemy; of whose Ships he sunk • 〈…〉 and took fourscore, entred 〈…〉 the Isle of B • as, which he burnt 〈…〉 and spoiled; and likewise 〈…〉 the Islands of Us, Ree, Lemuste • , Rochell, Olum, and Olerum, which he plunderedIbid., putting to flisghtIbid. all the French and Britons that made any resistance.

Howbeit, not long after this (being again discontented, as it seems) he obtained LicenseRot Fran •• 12 R. 2. m. 2. to travel with twenty persons of his retinue; and to be absent as long as he should think fit.

The next mention I find of him, is, That in 15 Rich. 2. uponClaus. 15 R 2. m. 23. payment of a Fin • of four hundred marks to the King, he hadClaus. 15 R 2. m. 23., in consideration thereof, pardon for marrying (to his second Wife) Philippa (DaughterMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. • 28 • . n. 30. to Edmund Mortimer, Earl of Mar •• ) the Widow of Iohn, the Son and Heir of Iohn de Hastings, Earl of Pembroke (which Iohn diedMon. Anglic. Vol. 2. • 28 • . n. 30. before he accomplished his full age;) and thereupon, an Assignation Claus. 15 R. 2. ut supra. of her Dowry. The same year also he obtained a CharterCart. 15 R. 2. n. 37. for a weekly Market upon Thursday at his Mannor of Eastleacre in Com. Norf.

But about this time, the Scene much altered; for the King (growing more powerful then before) heldH. Knighton 2735. n. 30. a Parliament at Westminster, in the Moneth of May, wherein he displacedH. Knighton 2735. n. 30. divers of the great Officers and Judges, substituting H. Knighton 2735. n. 30. others in their stead: Amongst whom, this Richard, Earl of Arundel, was removed H. Knighton 2735. n. 30. from his command of Admiral.

And in 17 Rich. 2. (the Parliament thenTho. Wal • . in Anno 1394. p. 385. n. 30. sitting) there being great varianceTho. Wal • . in Anno 1394. p. 385. n. 30. betwixt the Duke of Lancaster, and this Earl: The Duke chargedTho. Wal • . in Anno 1394. p. 385. n. 30. him, that about the Feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cr • ss, he lay at his Castle of • olt in Cheshi •• , with armed Men, at that time when there was an Insurrection in those parts against himself; but the Earl flatly denying 〈…〉 it, and plainly excusing the matter; the storm at present ceased 〈…〉 : Howbeit, seeing the times thus dangerous, to preserve himself from future mischeif, he thought a retirement best; and to that end obtained a special DispensationPat. 17 R. • . p. 2. m. 16. from attending the Parliament, or any other publick imployment. But this would not then serve turn; for whatsoever outward shews there were of kindness, there lurked an implacable hatred towards him in the Kings Brest, and likewise towards all those who had been formerly active against any of his favorites, as is manifest by the sequel: For in the twentieth of His Reign, having surprisedTho. Wals. 390. n. 10. Ypod. Neustr. 157. n. 10. the Duke of Glocester, and the Earl of • arwick; and discerningTho. Wals. 390. n. 10. Ypod. Neustr. 157. n. 10. that this Earl was then potent enough to have rescued them, he, overcameTho. Wals. 390. n. 10. Ypod. Neustr. 157. n. 10. him with fair words, till he had got him in his power, & then sent him prisonerTho. Wals. 391. to the Isle of • ight; and having so done, brought him to tryalIb. n. 10. upon S. Matthews day next following: At which time, notwithstanding, he pleadedIb. n. 10. the Kings promises, and Charter of Pardon, he received a most severe sentenceFrois. 294 • ., viz. To be drawn, hanged, his bowels ript out, and burnt; and then to be beheaded and quartered: But the rigor of this judgment was somewhat allayed, so that he only lost his head inFrois. 294 • . Cheapside, within the City of London, the King himself beingFrois. 294 • . a spectator, Thomas Moubray, Earl Marshal (that married his Daughter) being the Executioner • , who bound up his eyes.

After which, that Pardon which he pleaded dated at Windsor, 30 Apr. 16 Ric. 2 was revoked Rot. Parl. 21 R. 2 n. 13. in Parliament.

It is saidYpod. Neust. 153. n. 30. by some, that the Chief reason of the Kings wrath towards him was; that, at the solemn Funeral of the Queen; and carrying her Corps from St. Pauls to Westminster, he came too late, and was the first that desired leave to return. It is also saidIbid. 158. that when he saw the Earl-Marshal (his Son in Law) and the Earl of Ken • his Nephew (viz his Daughters • on) guarding him to his Execution, he told Ibid. n. 10. them, it had been much more fit, that they should have absented themselves: For the time will come (said he) when as many shall wonder at your misfortunes, as they now do at mine.

Being thus put to death, his Body wasIbid. carried to the Friers Augustines in London, and there buriedIbid.; and his Lands bestowedTh. Wals. 392. n. 10. on those, whom the King had then advanced to higher Honors (viz. the Earl Marshal to be Duke of Norfolk; the Earl of Kent, to be Duke of Surrey, &c.)

A TestamentArundel. Vol. 1. 183. b. he made divers years before, when he little dreamed of this untimely death: of which (it being memorable) I shall here take some brief notice.

By this TestamentIbid., bearing date 4 Martii Ann Dom 1382. (6 R. 2.) which is about fourteen years before, he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Priory of Lewes, behind the high Altar; and ordained, that whereas the Chantry of six Priests, and three Clerks, designed by his Father in the Chappel of the Castle at Arundell, was not perfected in his lifetime, that his Fathers mind should therein be fulfilled: and added five more Secular Priests in the stead of five Monks which had wont to be there; as also two more, to make the whole number thirteen: whereof three to be Deacons, three Sub-Deacons, two Accolites, seven Choristers, and two Sacrists; with three Yeomen and two Grooms to attend them; thenceforth to be (according to the will of his Father) a perpetual Colledge of thirteen Priests, whereof one to be the Master; and five Clerks, in honor of the blessed Trinity, to pray for the Souls of his Father and Mother, his own Soul, his Wives Soul, and all Christian Souls.

To his Son Richard he thereby bequeathed his Chappel with all the Furniture thereunto, of Cloath, and red Velvet, embroydred with Angels and Archangels.

To his Son Thomas, an hundred pounds yearly for his maintenance, untill the Lordships of Begenever, Sullyngton, and Schapewyk, should be setled on him. To his Daughter Charleton one little Tablet enameled and gilt. To his Daughter Elizabeth a Nouche. To his Daughter Mareshall (id est Ioane, Wife of William Beauchamp Lord Bergavenny, Marshal of the Kings Host) a Bed of Arras. To his Daughter Margaret ten Marks yearly for her maintenance, till she should be married. To his Sister of Hereford a Cup and Cover. To his Sister of Kent his Cup of Trefoiles: and to his Mother of Norfolk a Cross of Gold.

By Elizabeth the DaughterMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 68. b. 167. of William de Bohun Earl of Northampton, he left issue three Sons; viz. Thomas who succeeded him; as also Richard and William, who diedCatal. of Nob. by R. • . young; and four Daughters; viz. Elizabeth, first married 〈…〉 to Wil • iam de Montacute, eldest Son to Wil • iam Earl of Salisbury: Which William being unhappily slain 〈…〉 in a Tilting at Windsor, by the Earl his Father, in 6 R. 2. she secondly married 〈…〉 to Thomas Lord Moubray, Earl Marshal and Notingham, thirdly 〈…〉 to Sir Gerard Vsflete, Knight; and fourthly 〈…〉 to Sir Robert Coushill, Knight, (who had been an Esquire 〈…〉 to the Duke of Norfolk) Ioane Wife 〈…〉 of William de Beauchamp Lord Bergavenny; Margaret married 〈…〉 to Sir Rouland Lenthall, Knight; and Alice to 〈…〉 Iohn Charleton Lord Powys.

Which Thomas was restored 〈…〉 in Blood in the Parliament of 1 H. 4. the judgement against Richard his Father being then reversed 〈…〉 . And being made Knight 〈…〉 of the Bath at the Coronation of King Henry the fourth; the same year obtained a Charter 〈…〉 for a Market every week upon the Wednesday, at his Mannor of S • orghton in Sussex: as also three Faires yearly; one on the Feast day of St. Philip and Iacob, the second on Wednesday in Whitson-week, and the third upon St. Martin's day in Winter.

In 6 Hen. 4. this Thomas marriedYpod. N • ustr. 1 • 5 • n. 40. Beatrix an illegitimate Daughter to the King of Portugall, upon the morrow after the Feast of St Katherine; the Wedding being keptYpod. N • ustr. 1 • 5 • n. 40. at London, where the King and Queen were also presentYpod. N • ustr. 1 • 5 • n. 40.

The same year likewise, he had, by the bounty of King Henry, a Grant 〈…〉 of the Mannors of Plumpton, and Berkomp, with the Advouson of those Churches; which came to the Crown by the forfeiture 〈…〉 of Thomas Lord Bardolf, then attainted for Rebellion. And in 12 H. 4. was sent, 〈…〉 with divers men at Armes, and Archers, to the Duke of Burgundie's aid, against the Duke of Orleance. Moreover in 1 H. 5. he was made 〈…〉 Constable of Dover Castle, and Warden of the Cinque-ports; as also 〈…〉 Lord Treasurer of England.

But not long after growing infirm 〈…〉 ; by his Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 10 Octob. Ann. 1415. (3 Hen. 5.) he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the quire of the Collegiate Church of the Holy Trinity at Arundel, under a certain Tombe there to be new made for him: Also willing, that a fair Monument should be erected, by his Executors, over the Body of his Father. Likewise appointing an hundred and thirty pounds six shillings and eight pence, to be bestowed at his Funeral, and in celebrating of Masses for his Soul. Furthermore, in regard of a certain vow which he had made to S. Iohn of Bridlington, when he was there with King Henry the fifth, at such time as he was Prince; viz. that he would once every year personally offer to that Saint, or send the summe of five marks, during his life; he directed, that his Executors should forthwith pay all the arrearages thereof, besides the costs of the Messenger upon that errand: And likewise, that they should cause a certain Chappel to be built at the Gate called Mary-Gate, in Arundell, in honor of the Blessed Virgin. Appointing also, that those Soldiers, who were with him at Hareflew, in France, should have all their arrears: Likewise, that all those Lands, and Tenements, in the possession of Robert Pobellowe, and Thomas Harling, Priests, by virtue of his Fathers Feoffement, should be amortized for the benefit of the Hospital at Arundell.

And upon the 13 of October following, departed 〈…〉 this life without issue; being the seised 〈…〉 of the Castle and Mannor of Cast • e-Acre, in Com. Norff. as also of the Mannor of Milham, and of the Hundreds of Landiche, and South-Grenhow, in the same County. Likewise of the Mannors of High-Rothyng, Ovisham, Cowyke, in Sheringe; Yonge-Margaret, Wolfamston juxta Gykewell, and Canefeld parva, in Comit. Essex. of the Mannor of Berewyke juxta Berkweye, in Com. Her • f. of the Mannors of Clone, Oswaldestre, Ruton, Bokenhall, and Clombury, in Com. Salop. And in the said County of Salop, and Marches of UUales, of the Mannors of Doditon, Heythe, Stretton, Lydeleye, Conede, Acton-rounde, Wrockcestre, Upton, Hints, Shrawardyn, Clongoneford, Sonford, Osleton; with the Castles of Dynas-bran, and Leons, and Land of Bromfield, and Yale. In the County of Sussex of the Castle of Arundell, the Mannors of East-Dene, Sangelton, Sanstede, Bourne, Palyngham, Lege, Wollavyngton Alnetedesham, Coking, Leveminster, Poling, Wepham, Ostham, Scorteton, Preston, Eastham-Tonet, Westham-Tonet, UUalbedyng, Pynkhurst, Foer, Overfold; with the Hundreds of Westburne, Singelton, Eastbourne, Boxe, Stokebruge, Anesford, Bury, Rotherbruge, West-Estwrith, and Poling: as also of the Castle and Lordship of Lewes; The Mannors of Alington, Hundeden, Northese, Ratemeld, Meching, Rotingden, Brightelmeston, Pokeham, Clayton, • ymer, Pycombe, Midleton, Dichengre, Cokefeld, Worthe, and Seford, in the same County. Of the Castle of Riegate, with the Mannors of Bechesworthe, and Docking, in Com. Surr. and the Mannors of Knighton, Kynele, and Bulkindon, in Comit. Wilts. leaving Elizabeth Dutchess of Norfolk, then the Wife of Sir Gerard Vseflete, Knight, Ioane Lady Bergavenny▪ and Margaret the Wife of Sir Rowland Lenthale, Knight, his Sisters and next Heires; the said Elizabeth and Ioane being at that time forty yeares of age and upwards, and Margaret thirty three: Beatrix his wife then also surviving, who afterwards became the Wife 〈…〉 of Iohn Holland Earl of Huntendon.

Upon the death of which Thomas Earl of Arundell, thus without issue; the right of this Earldom, by reason of an Entail 〈…〉 of the Castle of Arundell, and Lands thereto belonging, made by Richard Earl of Arundell (his Grandfather) 21 Edw. 3. resorted 〈…〉 to Sir Iohn Fitz-Alan, Iohn. otherwise called Sir Iohn Arundell Knight, Cousin and next Heir male to the said Thomas; viz. 〈…〉 Son and Heir of Iohn, Son▪ and Heir of Iohn, second Son to the before specified Earl Richard.

But before I proceed to speak of him, I shall say something of Iohn his Father (who died in the lifetime of Earl Thomas.) In 1 R. 2. Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, resigning 〈…〉 the Staff of his Office of Marshal of England, and retiring; this Iohn (then called Sir Iohn Arundell, Knight,) having stoutly defended 〈…〉 the Town of Southampton, against the French, was substituted 〈…〉 in his stead: and in 2 Ric. 2. made 〈…〉 one of the Kings Commissioners, for giving satisfaction to the Scots, in what they had been injured by the English, contrary to the Articles of Truce, made betwixt both Nations in the time of King Edward the third, and David de Bruys King of that Realm, and having been summoned to Parliament in 1, 2, and 3 Ric. 2. was in the last of those years, 〈…〉 constituted Th. Wals. p. 238. n. 30. one of the principal Commanders of those Forces, at that time sent beyond Sea, in aid of the Duke of Brittany, where he did much mischief, by plundring; notIbid. 239. n. 30. sparing the Nunns.

He likewise, in those his military employments, grew so prophane, that he tookIbid. 240. away the Chalices from the Altars: for which outrages he and his Companions were ExcommunicatedIbid. 240.. But, upon his return towards England, before the end of that year, he perished Ibid. 242. n. 20. by Shipwrack, with many of his party upon Esc. 3 • . 2. n. • . the fifteenth day of December; being then seised Esc. 3 • . 2. n. • . of the Mannors of Aynho, in Com. Northamp. Postlyng, in Comit. Cantii. Byker, Ellingham, Osberwyke, Newstede, Wollore, also of the moity of the Mannors of Newnham Akyld, Newham, Caupland, Yemrum, Trollop, Killom, Ankirchester, Prossen, and Palteston in Glendale, in Com. ... Likewise of the Mannors of Coklington, Stoke-Tristre, Boyeford, Hyneforde, and the Baliwick of the Forest of Selewode, in Com. Somers. of the Mannors of East-Morden, Worthe, Wolcombe, Phelpes • on, Up-Wimborne, Frome, Whitfield, Langton, in Purbeck, Lodres, Wodeton in Mershwoodvale, and Lychet-Matravers, in Com. Dors. Brandon, in Com. Warw. Codelawe, in Com. Suss. Bockland, in Com. Surr. Shernton, Codeford, Boyton, Corton, Winterborn-Stoke, Cotes, Hull-Deverell, Somerford-Matravers, with the moity of the Mannors of Eleston, and Stapleford, in Com. Dors. leavingEsc. 3 • . 2. n. • . Iohn, his Son and Heir fifteen years of age.

Which Iohn, in 7 Ric. 2. 〈…〉 was in the Scotish Warrs: and in 〈…〉 12 R. 2. in the Kings Fleet at Sea, with Richard Earl of Arundell, then Admiral of England. In 6 Hen. 4. upon the death of Alianor Matravers his Mother (who had married Reginald Lord Cobham) he was found 〈…〉 to be her next Heir, and twenty years of age. In 3 Hen. 5. he was 〈…〉 in the Warrs of France: and in 4 Hen. 5. as Cousin and next Heir male to the before specified Thomas Earl of Arundel, then decea • ed, having respite 〈…〉 for performing his Homage, had Livery 〈…〉 of the Castle of Arundell, as also 〈…〉 of the Town and Mannor of Arundell, the Mannors of Eastdene, Sangelton, Stanstede, Bourne, Palyngham, Dunhurst, Leghe, Wol • ayngton, Alveredesham, Cocking, Levemynstre, Poling, Wepham, O • ham, Stortetone, Prestone, East-Hamptonet, West-Hamptonet, Wolbedyng, Pynkhurst, Foer, and Overfold, with the appurtenances: and of the Hundreds of Westbourne, Syngelton, Esebourne, Boxe, Stokebrugge, Anesfourd, Bury, Rutherbrugge, Westesewrith, and Polyng, with the appurtenances: As also Return of Writts within thos Hundreds: And likewise of the Forest and Chaces of Arundell in Comitat. Suss. the Castles Towns, and Mannors of Clone, and Oswaldestre, with their appurtenances, in Com. Salop. with the Mannors of Ruton, Bokenhull, Clombury, Doditon, Hythe, Stretton, Lydele, Conede, Acton-round Wroxcestre, Upton and Hyntes, in the same County; but the title of Earl was not then attributed to him as by the Record it self is evident.

In 6 H. 5. he was againRot. • ranc. 6 He • • . m. 4. in the Warrs of France. And, having marriedEsc. 16 H. 6. n. 50. Alianore, the Daughter of Sir Iohn Berkley of Beverston, in Com. Glouc. Knight; departedEsc. 9 H. 5. n. 51. this life 29 Apr. 9 Hen. 5. leaving Iohn his Son and Heir thirteen years of age: and William Esc. 16 H. 6. ut supra. a younger Son.

Which last mentioned Iohn was summoned Claus. de eodem Anno, in dorso. to Parliament in 7 Hen. 6. and in 8 Hen. 6. was by the TitleEx a • tog. penès C • er. pell. of Iohn Earl of Arundell, reteined * to serve the King in his Warrs of France, with two Knights, fifty seven men at Armes, an hundred and eighty Archers; but before he set forwards on that expedition, he declared his TestamentChichle • , Vol. 1. 457. b.; viz. upon the eighth of April; whereby he bequeathed his body to be buried in the Collegiate Church of the Holy-Trinity at Arundell; in the Wall betwixt the Quire and the Altar of our Lady Chappel (but his death in France prevented his Sepulture there, as he intended it) and gave to Maude his Wife, a Bed of green Worsted; and to Humphrey his Son a Bed of Cloth of Gold, wrought with Hares, red and black.

And for the better confirmation of his title to this Honor, in 11 Henr. 6. being thenRot. Parl. 11 Hen. 6. m. 6. n • 32, 33, 34, & 35. in France, upon the Kings service, he exhibited his PetitionRot. Parl. 11 Hen. 6. m. 6. n 32, 33, 34, & 35. in Parliament, that, he might be accepted to his proper place there; as also in all publick Councels, as Earl of Arundell, by reason that his Ancestors Earls of Arundell, Lords of the Castle, Honor and Seigniory of Arundell, had used to enjoy their place and seat in all Parliaments and Councils of the King and his most noble progenitors, time out of mind, as Lords of the Castle, Honor, and Seigniory before-expressed; whereunto the Title of Earl was united and annexed, and which were then in his possession.

Upon the reading of which Petition, Iohn Duke of Norfolk, makingIbid. claim to the same Castle, Honor and Seigniory, exhibitedIbid. also his Petition; claiming them as his right. But after divers arguments on each part, and the Entail Ibid. of the Castle and Honor produced, which Richard Earl of Arundell did formerly make, by a Fine leavied, in the Octaves of the Holy-Trinity, before the Justices of the Kings Court of Common-Pleas in 21 Edw. 3. whereby he established it upon the issue Male of his own Body. And it appearing, that Thomas Earl of Arundell, Grandson, and lineal Heir-male to the same Richard, was then dead without issue: as also that by virtue of that Entail▪ the Castle and Seignory of Arundell, were by right of descent come to Iohn Lord Maltrevers (for so the Record calls him) as Cousin and Heir Male to the before specified Thomas; viz. Son of Iohn, Son of Iohn, Son of the said Earl Richard: And moreover it being farther considered 〈◊〉 ; that Richard Fitz-Alan, Cousin and one of the Coheirs to Hugh de Albini, sometime Earl of Arundell, was seized of the same Castle, Honor and Seignory▪ in his Demesn as of Fee; and that by reason thereof, without any creation, he was thereupon Earl of Arundell, and peaceably enjoyed the Name State and Honor of Earl of Arundell; as also the place and seat of Earl of Arundell, in all Parliaments and Councils, as long as he lived, without any interruption or restraint. The King therefore, well weighing the premisses; and likewise considering 〈◊〉 the many services done by this Iohn, in his Realm of France, and Dutchy of Normandy; desiring to do him all right therein; did, by the advice p 〈◊〉 of the Prelates, Dukes, Earls and Barons, then assembled in that Parliament, admit 〈◊〉 him to the same place and seat in Parliament, as his Ancestors heretofore had.

Shortly after which; viz. in 12 Hen. 6. this Earl being 〈…〉 still in the Warrs of France, (with the famous Iohn Lord Talbot) besieged 〈…〉 the Castle of St. Selerine; and after three months, took 〈…〉 it by force: and thence marched 〈…〉 to • Sellis, a Town of great strength, which he likewise took 〈…〉 . Thence advancing 〈…〉 towards • aen in Normandy, he took 〈…〉 the Castles of Mellaie, and St. Laurence; and being interrupted 〈…〉 in his passage, by an Insurrection of the Country-people, made great slaughter 〈…〉 amongst them. Then hearingIbid. n. 60., that the French began to repair and fortify the Castle of Gerbe • oie, near to Beauvois, which might much •• ejudice the English, he marchedIbid. n. 60. thither; but too boldly skirmishingIbid. 61 • . • n. 10. & • 0. with a party, which issued out of the Castle, was stricken with a Culverine-shot, that brokeIbid. 61 • . • n. 10. & • 0. his Legg; whereupon falling from his Horse he was taken Prisoner, and carried to Beauvois; and there departing this life, had burialIbid. 61 • . • n. 10. & • 0. in the House of the Friers-Minors.

By the InquisitionEsc. 1 • H 6. n. 37. taken after his death, it appears, that he died upon the twelfth of May 13 Hen. 6. being then seised of the Mannors of Great-Grantesdene, and Croxton, in Com. Cantabr▪ of the Castle, Town, and Mannor of Shewardyn; as also of two parts of the Castles of Clone, and Oswaldestre; and Mannors of Clone, and Oswaldestre, Wroxcest • e, Acton-round, Dalyle • , Stretton, and Lyddele, in Comit. Salop. of the Mannor of S • apleford-Matravers, and third part of the Mannor of Kynele, in Comitat. Wilts. and Mannors of Stonehouse, Shurdington, Achards, Kyngs-Stanlegh, and Wodechestre, in Comitat. Glonc. of the Mannors of Kyngesdowne, Somerton-Erle, Stoke-Tristre, Coklington, Spertegroffe, and Hyneford, in Com. Somers. of the Mannors of Pompekno •• e, • olre, Kentecom • e, Wotton-Fitz-Pain, Phelpestone, Welcombe-Matravers, • ychet-Matravers, Langton-Matravers, East-Mordon, Remmesbeare, and Worthe, in Comitat. Dors. of two parts of the Castle, Town, and Lordship of Castle-Acre, and two parts of the Mannor of Mileham, in Comit. Norf. of the Mannors of Bourne, Polyng, Levemy •• tre, Palyngham, Dunhu •• te, Alfredesham, Lye, Pynkhurst, Wepham; likewise of the Hundreds of Polyng, Rutherbrugge, Eseborne, Boxe, Stokebrugge, and Bourne; of the Mannor of Wodecourt, and Warren of W • the; as also of two parts of the Castle, Mannor, and Twon of Arundell, and two parts of the Mannor of Overfould, with the Forest and Chace of Arundell; of the Mannors of Wollavinton, Preston, and Todeham, and Patronage of the Almeshouse at Arundell, called Meso • -dieu; Moreover of the Mannors of Cod • lawe, Berecourt, Wyldebrugge, Lynche, Almodyton, and Stopham, all in Com. Sussex. and of the Mannor of Pos • lyng in Kent; leaving Humphrey his SonIbid. and Heir, then six years of Age.

Maude his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 of Elizabeth the Wife of Robert Lovell (which Elizabeth was Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir to Sir Guy Bryen the younger Knight) then surviving; who by her Testament 〈…〉 bearing date 11 Maii, Ann. 1436. (14 H. 6.) bequeathed her Body to be buried in the Chappel of St. Anne within the Abby of Abbo • sbury; giving to Humphrey her Son, all her Reliques; as also to Avi • e her Daughter (Wife 〈…〉 of Sir Iames Ormond, Knight) her French Book; and died the same year.

Which Humphrey, Humphrey. departing 〈…〉 this life, during his minority, the inheritance of this Castle and Honor, divolved to William his Uncle: who, in 18 H. 6. upon the deathRot. Fin. 18 Hen. 6. m. 4. of Beatrix, the Widow of Thomas Late Earl of Arundell, doing his HomageRot. Fin. 18 Hen. 6. m. 4., had liveryRot. Fin. 18 Hen. 6. m. 4. of all those Lands▪ which she held in dower, he beingRot. Fin. 18 Hen. 6. m. 4. then twenty three years of age.

Betwixt this William William. Earl of Arundell, and Thomas Earl of Devon, in 23 Hen. 6. there hapned a great dispute 〈…〉 in Parliament, touching their precedency; which being revived 〈…〉 in the Parliament of 27 Hen. 6. was then referred 〈…〉 to the Judges of the Common Law for their decision: but they declaring 〈◊〉 , that it was matter of Parliament, belonging to the Kings Highness, and to his Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament, by them to be decided; refused to give any opinion therein; the Question 〈◊〉 being, whether this Earl should have precedence of the Earl of Devon, or not; in regard that the Act of 11 Hen. 6. expresseth, that Iohn then Earl of Arundell, should have the place, precedence, &c., as Earl of Arundell, not mentioning his Heirs. Whereupon, after diverse arguments on each part had; the Lords did resolve 〈◊〉 , that he should have his place in Parliament, and the Kings Council, as Earl, by reason of the Castle, Lordship and Honor of Arundell, for himself, and his Heirs for evermore, above the said E. of Devon, and his Heirs; as Worshipfully, (so saith the Act) as any of his Ancestors Earles of Arundell before that time ever had.

The next thing, whereof I have thought fit to take notice (in regard it falls out in point of time) is; that Alianore Countess of Arundell, Mother of this Earl William (who took to her second 〈…〉 Husband Sir Richard Poynings, Knight; and to her third 〈…〉 Sir Walter Hungerford, Kt.) did by her Testament bearing 〈…〉 , date 20 Iulii, Anno Dom. 1455 (33 Hen. 6.) wherein she stiles her self Countess of Arundell, and Lady Maltravers, bequeath her Body to be buried in the Chappel of our Lady; within the Collegiate Church of the Holy Trinity at Arundell; and gave to the Master and Fellows of that Coledge, a Cross of Silver Gilt, to remain therein perpetually, for convenient uses; as also forty pounds Sterling, upon condition, that the Master and Fellows, with all the Priests and Officers of that Colledge, and their successors, should yearly keep the Obits of Iohn Earl of Arundell, her late Husband, and her own Obit; with Mass and Office of Requiem, solemnly with Note, at convenient hours, for their Souls, their Parents and Ancestors Souls, and all the Faithful deceased. And likewise ordained, that her Executors should dispose two hundred Marks of her Goods, to found a Perpetual Chantry, at the Altar of our blessed Lady, in the same Chappel, for one Priest to celebrate Mass thereat every day, for the health of her said Husband's Soul, and her own Soul, and have ten Marks per annum for so doing: or at least for twenty years next after her decease.

Moreover that she gaveIbid. to William Earl of Arundell, her Son, her best Cup of Gold; likewise a Ring with a Ruby, and an hundred pounds Sterling. To Ioane Countess of Arundel, a Cup of Silver. To Alianore Percy her Daughter (by Poynings) a Golden Collar for her Neck, with a Jewel set with Precious stones, hanging thereat. Also a Bason of Silver with the Armes of the Lord Poynings, and of Sir Iohn Berkley Kt. her Fath • r, thereon. Likewise an Ewer of Silver, and an hundred pounds Sterling. To the Lady Dudley, her Sister, a rowe of Pearles. To Margaret the Wife of the Lord Hungerford a standing Cup gilt. To Sir Robert Hungerford Kt. Lord Molyns then Prisoner in France, all her Wooll at Ha • tesbury, of an hundred pounds value, towards his Ransom; provided that he be released of his Imprisonment during his life; and that neither he nor the Lord Hungerford his Father nor any other disturb the Executors of that her Testament. To Sir Morice Berkley Kt. her Brother, two Silver pots, with the Armes of the Lord Hungerford, and twenty pounds Sterling: and to the Lady Lora his Wife a Cup of Beryl, garnished with Gold. To Maurice the Son of her said Brother, a Salt-Celler of Silver, and ten pounds Sterling. To Anne his Wife a Book of Mattins, covered with Velvet. To Thomas Berkley her Brothers Son, ten pounds; and to Edward another of his Sons ten pounds, The Probate of which Will bears date the twenty third of August following.

But I return to William.

In 38 Hen. 6. this William Earl of Arundell, in considerationPat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 13. of his special services, was constitutedPat. 38 H. 6. p. 1. m. 13. Justice of all the Kings Forests South of Trent; and in 10 Edw. 4. made ConstablePat. 10 E. 4. m. 9. of Dover-Castle, and Warden of the Cinque-ports. Moreover, in 11 Edw. 4. he was reteinedEx A • togr. Penès 〈◊〉 Pell. to serve the King in the Custody of that Castle for fifteen dayes, with twenty men at Armes, and forty Archers, for the suppressing certain Rebells then in Armes. And the same year was one of the Lords in Parliament, who madeClaus. 11 Edw. 4. in dorso, m • 1. Oath to Prince Edward.

In 17 Edw. 4. he wasRot. Franc. 17 Edw. 4. m. 2. one of the Commissioners sent to treat with the Commissioners of Lewes King of France, for prorogation of a Truce made betwixt the King and him; and in 1 Edw. 5. again constitutedPat 1 • . 〈◊〉 m. 4. Justice of all the Kings Forests and Chases South of Trent. the like Grant 〈…〉 he had in 1 Ric. 3.

And having married 〈…〉 Ioane the Daughter 〈…〉 of Richard Nevill Earl of Salisbury, had issue 〈…〉 by her four Sons; viz. Thomas, William, George, and Iohn, as also one Daughter called Mary; and died 〈…〉 , in 3 Hen. 7.

Which Thomas succeeding him in his Lands, and Honors; in 5 Hen. 7. wasPolyd. Virg. 584. n. 20. sent over into Flanders (amongst divers other of the English Nobles) in aid of Maximilian the Emperor, against the French. He had also SummonsClaus. de lisd • m ann. in dorso. to Parliament, by the name of Thomas Arundel de Matravers Chivalier, in 22 Edw. 4. And 1 Hen. 7. his Father being then alive. And, having married Catal. of Nob. by R. B. Margaret, the Daughter of Richard Widvile, Earl Rivers, had issueCatal. of Nob. by R. B. by her two sons, viz. William and Edward; and two Daughters, Margaret, the WifeCatal. of Nob. by R. B. of Iohn de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln; and Ioane marriedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. to George Nevill, Lord Bergavenny.

This Earl Thomas, by his TestamentBo • field, qu. 28., bearing date 12 Octob. An. 1524. (16 Hen. 8.) bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Chancel of his Collegiate Church at Arundel, where the Corps of his Lady lay interred; constituting William Lord Matravers his Son, one of his Executors; and departing 〈◊〉 in Officio Arm • 162 b. this life in his Park at Dauley, 25 Octob. An. 1524. (16 Hen. 8.) was buried 〈◊〉 in Officio Arm • 162 b. in the same Collegiate Church at Arundel.

Which William William. in 2 Hen. 8. his Father living, and then calledPat. 2 H. 8. p. 3. Sir William Arundel Knight, Lord Matravers; having WeddedPat. 2 H. 8. p. 3. Anne, the Sister to Henry, Earl of Northumberland, obtained a GrantPat. 2 H. 8. p. 3. to himself and Heirs of his Body, from the King, of the Mannors of Warb •• ton, Duriate, and Dunpole, in Com. Somers. and Hunton in Com. Southampt. To hold by the service of a Red Rose yearly. And in 16 Hen. 8. upon the death of his Father, had a special LiveryPat. 16 H. 8. p. 1. of all his Castles, Lordships and Lands.

In 22 Hen. 8. this Earl William wasHerb. Hist. H 8. p. 306. one of the Lords in Parliament, who subscribed that Letter sent to Pope Clement the Seventh, whereby he might easily discern; that, In case he did not comply with King Henry, in that cause of his Divorce from Queen Catherine, his Supremacy here would be shaken off.

And in 33 Hen. 8. when the King (by Cromwels Policy) obtruded much of the Monastery Lands upon his Nobles, and others, in exchange for Lands of their own; he hadPat. • 3 H. 8. p. 1., in lieu of the Mannors of Shillingley, H •• ernhoo, Palingham, Wollavington, Alversham, Codham, Bignore, Stopeham, • and Eartham, with four Woods in Sussex; the Inheritance of the site of the Priory of Miche • ham, with all the Buildings thereto belonging; as also all the Lands in Michelham, Arungton, Hailesham, Hellingley, Chedingley, Pewensey, Westham, Willingdon, Sharnford, Fockington, and Ievington, in the same County; all which were esteemed at the time of the dissolution of that Priory, the Demesn Lands thereof. As also the Mannors of Michelham-Parkgate, Sharnford, and Down-Ashe, Cawdeane, and Holiwich, in the same County and in Kent, with the Water-Mill of Michelham-Parkgate: And moreover, all the Lands called Sextery-Lands, lying in the Towns of Hellingley, Willingdon, Ievington, and Hailesham, in that County of Sussex; with the Advowson of the Rectory of Ripe, lately pertaining to the Monastery of Lewes: And likewise all those Mannors and Lordships of Swanborough and Horsted in Com. Suss. Imberhorne in the County of Sussex and Surrey, and the Parks called Horsted-Park in Com. Suss. belonging also to the said Monastery of Lewes.

This Earl William, by his TestamentPi • ning 〈◊〉 4. bearing date 23 Ian. An. 1543. (35 Hen. 8.) gave to direction thereby for his Burial; but making the Lady Anne his Wife, and Henry Lord Matravers his Son, his Executors, departedEsc. 〈◊〉 penult. A •• . 36 H. 8. this life at Downley, in the Parish of Singleton in Com. Suss. upon the twenty third of the same Moneth of Ianuary, and was buriedCatal. o • Nob. by R. • . at Arundel.

By his first Wife Anne, DaughterIbid. to Henry, Earl of Northumberland, he had issueIbid. Henry, his Son and Heir: and likewise twoIbid. Daughters, Anne and Catherine, who diedIbid. unmarried. And by Elizabeth his second Wife, Daughter Ibid. to Robert Willoughby, Lord Brook, two Daughters, Margaret and Elizabeth, who diedIbid. also unmarried,

Which Henry, Henry. who succeeded him, having been Herb. Hist. H. 8. p. 51 • . in 36 Hen. 8 Field-Marshal of the Kings Army at the Siege of Bo ••• gne, was in 38 Hen. 8. constituted • odwins 〈◊〉 . p. 205. one of the Assistants to that Kings Executors. And in 4 Ed. 6. uponIbid. p. 2 •• a Peace concluded by the King, with the Scots and French, wherein also the Emperor wasIbid. p. 2 •• comprehended, wasIbid. p. 2 •• one of the Hostages for Ratification of the Articles.

About this time, afterHistory of Edw 6. by Si • • . Hayw. p. 10 • . the Duke of Somerset (Uncle to the King and Protector) was broughtHistory of Edw 6. by Si • • . Hayw. p. 10 • . to the Block, by Dudley, Earl of Warwick, the chiefHistory of Edw 6. by Si • • . Hayw. p. 10 • . contriver in his Tragedy, he endeavoredHistory of Edw 6. by Si • • . Hayw. p. 10 • . to draw this Earl to his party; who at that time was discountenancedHistory of Edw 6. by Si • • . Hayw. p. 10 • ., and therefore by Warwick singled out, as the most fit person for his purpose: But after many secret Conferences 〈◊〉 , which were often held betwixt them in the night, seeing that he could not prevail, he found means to discharge 〈◊〉 him from the Council, and to confine 〈◊〉 him to his house; objections 〈◊〉 being framed against him, that he had taken away Bolts and Locks at Westminster, and given away the Kings Stuff, being Lord Chamberlain; for which, he was fined 〈◊〉 at twelve thousand pounds, to be paid by a thousand pounds yearly; and the next year following committed 〈…〉 to the Tower, upon pretence 〈…〉 , that he had been one of those who did conspire to draw in some of the Lords unto the Lord Pagets house, under colour of a Banquet, there to take off their heads.

This Earl Henry, after the death of King Edward the Sixth, cordially inclined to the Right of Mary, the eldest Daughter of King Henry; and whenGod • . A •• 269. that Dudley (then Duke of Northumberland) was gone out towards Cambridge, with what power could at present be had, on the behalf of the Lady Iane Grey, whom throughGod • . A •• 269. his influence the Lords of the Council had proclaimed Queen; upon a meeting Ibid. p. 〈◊〉 of divers Lords at Baynards Castle in that despe • ate juncture of time, he bitterly inveighed Ibid. p. 〈◊〉 against him, laying open his injustice and cruelty in the time of King Edward, and declaimed boldly against that treacherous act of his, touching the disherison of the Daughters of King Henry. Which stout Speech put such a courage 〈…〉 into the rest of the Lords, then present, that they forthwith resolved 〈…〉 to maintain the Right of Mary against all opposers; and accordingly proclaimed 〈…〉 her Queen in Cheapside.

And having so done (accompanied 〈…〉 with the Lord Page • , and thirty Horse) rid 〈…〉 that night

unto her. After which, this Earl coming to Cambridge, there arrested 〈…〉 Northumberland, and committed him to custody. For which good services he was made Constable 〈…〉 of England for the day and morrow after that Queens Coronation; and likewise authorised 〈…〉 to make Knights of the Bath, of all those persons whom she had especially called for that purpose: As also to Knight all such other, within two days following, as she should nominate.

Moreover, he was again made Constable 〈…〉 of England, for the day immediately preceding the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth: Likewise, High Steward 〈…〉 of England for the fifteenth of Ianuary, on which day she was solemnly Crowned; and soon after that, oneCamd. Ann. p. • . of her Privy Council.

But in 3 Eliz. havingIbid. 45. fed himself with some hopes of obtaining Queen Elizabeth for his Wife, and failing therein; after he had spentIbid. 97. much upon these vain imaginations; his Friends in Court failingIbid. 97. him, he grew troubledIbid. 97. in mind; and thereupon, to wear off the grief, gotIbid. 97. leave to travel.

In 11 Eliz. being constitutedIbid. 144, 145. one of the Commissioners, to inquire of the murther of Henry Lord Darley, Husband to Mary, Queen of Scots, he shewdIbid. 144, 145. not himself inclinable to judge that Queen guilty thereof, as some did. He was likewise a great favorer 〈…〉 of the Duke of Norfolks marriage with the same Queen (as some other of the Nobles then were) for which, in 14 Eliz. he suffered 〈…〉 imprisonment.

After which I have not seen any thing of him much memorable, until 22 Eliz. That by his Testament,Ar • ndel, qu. • ., bearing date 30 Decemb. in that year, he bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Quire of the Collegiate Church at Arundel, appointing that a memorial in Brass and Gilt, should be there affixed upon his Fathers Tomb.

And having marriedCamd. An. p. 329. Catal. of No • ▪ by • . B. two Wives; first Catherine, the Daughter of Thomas Grey, Marquess Dorset, by whom he had issueCamd. An. p. 329. Catal. of No • ▪ by • . B. Henry, who died Ibid. at Brussels in his life time; Ioane married Ibid. to Iohn Lord Lumley, and Mary to Thomas, Duke of Norfolk; and to his second Wife, Mary, DaughterIbid. Et I 15. in Offic. Ar. • . • 66. of Sir Iohn Arundel of Lanher • e in Com. Cornub. Knight, (WidowIbid. Et I 15. in Offic. Ar. • . • 66. of Robert, Earl of Sussex) by whom he had no Ibid. Et I 15. in Offic. Ar. • . • 66. issue; he departedIbid. Et I 15. in Offic. Ar. • . • 66. this life 25 Febr. the same year, being then sixty eight years of age, and was buried 〈…〉 at Arundel with his Ancestors; where he hath a noble Monument; in the Epitapth 〈…〉 whereon his principal imployments and Honors are sum'd up, viz. That he was one of the Knights of the most Noble Order of the Garter; and of the Privy Council to King Henry the Eighth, King Edward the Sixth, Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth; Governor of Cala • s, and Marshal of King Henry the Eighths Army, when he besieged Boloigne; as also Lord Chamberlain of his Houshold: And at the Coronation of King Edward the Sixth, exercised the Office of Marshal of England, being afterwards made Lord Chamberlain of his Houshold. Moreover, That he was High Constable of England at the Coronation of Queen Mary; afterwards Steward of her Houshold, and President of the Council; and so to Queen Elizabeth.

Talbot.

THe first mention I find of this name, is in that Grant, which Walter Gifford, Earl of Buckingham, in the Conquerors time, made to the Monks of Cerasie in Normandy, where Richard Talbot Richard. is mentioned Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. p. 9 • 0▪ n. • 0. amongst the witnesses thereto.

The next is of Geffrey Talbot; Geffrey. who, in the time of King Henry the First, heldLib. rub. in Scac. sub tit. Kent. twenty Knights Fees of the King (which Walter de Meduana possessed in Henry the Seconds time) and gaveMon. Angli • . Vol. 1. p. 30 • . 65. the half of his Lordship of Little Wroteham, in Kent, to the Monks of Rochester. This Geffrey, being banishedGesta Regi • Steph. 940 B. by King Stephen, exercised much cruelty in his Military actings, on the behalf of Maud the Empr • s • ; joyningGesta Regi • Steph. 940 B. with Gilbert de Lacy, his Kinsman, in his design for taking the City of Bath: But failing therein, and being thereupon takenGesta Regi • Steph. 940 B. prisoner, he mollifiedIbid. 941. D. the King, by complaining of very hard usage, which had provoked him so to flie out; and was thereupon receivedIbid. 941. D. to favor.

Of this Geffrey I also find, that in 3 Steph. still taking part with Maud the Empress, and her Son Henry, then Duke of Normandy, he fortifiedGesta Regi • Steph. 951. D. the Castle of Hereford against King Stephen.

I come now to Hugh Talbot (whom I take to be Brother to Geffrey.) To this Hugh, in 19 H. 1. did Hugh, the Son of Gerard de Gornay, (then in RebellionOrd. Vi • . 844 B. against that King) commitOrd. Vi • . 844 B. the custody of the Castle of Plei •• e.

But all that I have farther seen of him, is, That having been a BenefactorEx Autog. nuper pen • s Arth. Agard •• cecam. S • acc. to the Monks of Beaubeck (in Normandy) at length he tookEx Autog. nuper pen • s Arth. Agard •• cecam. S • acc. the habit of a Monk in that Monastery. Leaving issueEx Autog. nuper pen • s Arth. Agard •• cecam. S • acc. three Sons, viz. Richard, William, and Hugh. Which Richard, Ri • hard. in An. 1153. (18 Steph.) ratifiedIbid. his Fathers gifts to those Monks. And, about the beginning of Henry the Seconds Reign, obtained from that King, a GrantCart. Antiq T. n. 11. Rot. Pip. • . Hen. 2. Her • f. of the Lordship of Lintone in Com. He • ef. Which Grant, King Richard the First, for two hundred marks afterwards confirmedCart Antiq. T. n. 12.

To this Richard succeeded Gilbert Talbot, G • lbert▪ his Son and Heir; who in 12 Hen. 2. heldLib. r • b. sub tit. Heref. one Knights Fee in Lintone of Robert de Ewyas. Which Gilbert in 5 Rich. 2. had other Lands given Rot. Pip. 5 R 1. Heref. him in Lintone, for the custody of the Castle of Ludlow: And in 1 Ioh. gaveRot. Pip. 1 Joh. Heref. a Fine of forty shillings, that he might not go beyond Sea; as also that he might have the Scutage of his own Demesns. In 7 Ioh. this Gilbert paidRot. Pip. 7 Joh. Heref. ten marks for his Scutage, then assessed at two marks for each Knights Fee: But farther of him I have not seen, then that he had issuePlac. ap • d Heref. pro Man • rio de Linton, • Ed. • . Richard, Richard. who marriedTesta de Nevil Somer • . & Dors. Aliva, the Daughter of Alan Basset of Wickombe (in Com. Buck.) Sister to Philip Basset, Justice of England, and Widow of Dru de Montacute.

In 18 Hen. 3. William Talbot had the custody Pat. 18 H. 3. m. 14. of the Castle at Bristoll, and was Sheriff of Glocestershire for theRot. Pip. de iisd • m ann. Gloc. one half of that year; as also forRot. Pip. de iisd • m ann. Gloc. the 19, 20 & 21 Hen. 3. But I return, to the before specified Richard Talbot and Aliva, succeededPlac. ap • d Heref. ut supra. Gilbert, Gilber • . their Son and Heir. Which Gilbert, in 44 Hen. 3. was madePat. Ed • . Princ. 44 H. • . m. 3. Governor of the Castles of Grosmund, Skenfrith, and Blancminster. And in 45 Hen. 3. was constituted Pat. 45 H. 3. m. 13. one of the Justices Itinerant, for the County of Hereford.

Moreover, in 47 Hen. 3. upon the disturbances which the Welsh then made upon the Marches, he was commandedClaus 47 H. 3. m. 14. by the King to fortifie the Castles abovementioned; as alsoClaus 47 H. 3. m. 14. the Castle of Monmouth. And having marriedPlac. de Banco T. Hill: 19 E 3. Ro • . 1 • 2. Guenthlian (or Guendoline) the Daughter of Rhese ap Griffith, Prince of Wales [For which respect Ex Coll. R • GI. S. his Descendants, ever afterwards relinquishing their Paternal Arms, viz. Bende of ten peices Argent and Gules; bore the Lion rampant Or, in a Field Gules, with a Bordure engrailed of the first, which were the Arms of the said Rhese and his Ancestors, Princes of Wales] departed this life in 2 Edw. 1. being then seisedEsc. • E. 1. n. 36. of the Mannor of Long • ope and Redleg in Com. Gloc. As also of the Mannor of Eccleswell and Lintone in Com. Heref. Leaving Richard his SonEsc. • E. 1. n. 36. and Heir, of twenty four years of age.

Which Richard Richard. then doing his homage had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands. And in 10 Edw. 1. was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into Wales; as also in the Wars of Ga • coigne, in 〈…〉 24 and 25 〈…〉 Edw. 1. in which last mentioned year, he was constituted Governor 〈…〉 of the Castle of Cardiffe.

The same year he was 〈…〉 also again in Gascoigne; and before the end thereof, had Summons 〈…〉 to attend Prince Edward, upon the day of S. Nicholas, at Newcastle upon • ine, to prevent an Incursion of the Scots. Moreover, in 29 Edw. 1. beingEx Autog. pen • s • hes. & Camerar. Scacc. in that great Council, then held at Linco • n, he subscribedEx Autog. pen • s • hes. & Camerar. Scacc. that Letter to the Pope, for asserting the Right of King Edward to the Superior Dominion of the Realm of Scotland.

This Richard married • ot. J. Ro • s. Sarah, the Daughter of William Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. And in 34 Edw. 1. departedEsc. 34 E. 1. n. u • t. this life, being then seisedEsc. 34 E. 1. n. u • t. of the Mannor of Echeleswell, with its Members, viz. Weston, Ruford, Lintone, Waburton, Coton, and Credenhull; leaving Gilbert, his Son and Heir, then Esc. 34 E. 1. n. u • t. twenty nine years of age; who, doing his homage, had the same year LiveryRot. Fin. • 4 E. 1. m. • . of his Lands. As also Richard, a younger Son; who, in Right of Ioane his Wife, Daughter and Coheir toEsc. 14 E. 3. n. 30. Hugh de Mortimer, of •• cards Castle in Com. Heref. became Lord of that Mannor.

Which Gilbert Gilbert. wasRot. Scoc. 26 E. 1. m 9. in that expedition made into Scotland, in 26 Edw. 1. And having been Pat. 7 E. 2. p. 1. a partaker with Thomas, Earl of Lanc • ster, in the murther of Peirs de Gaveston, had his pardon Pat. 7 E. 2. p. 1. for the same in 7 Edw. 2.

In 12 Edw. 2. he wasRot. Scoc. 12 E. 2. m. 13. in that expedition then made into Sco • land, being then of the retinue with William la Zousch. And in 16 Edw. 2. this Gilbert was constitutedRot. • i • . 16 E 2. m. 17. Governor of the Town and Castle of Gl • cester; but before the end of that year, was commandedPat. 16 E. 2. p. 1. m. 17. to render up that trust unto Hugh le Despenser, the younger. And, having beenRot. Fin. 16 E. 2. m. 25. 〈◊〉 cedul • . of the party of Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, in his Rebellious Insurrection, about that time, was constrained to enterRot. Fin. 16 E. 2. m. 25. 〈◊〉 cedul • . into a Recognisance to pay two hundred pound; as also two thousand pound more, with one Tun of Wine, to save his life, and repossess his Estate. But Judgment being givenRot. Fin. 16 E. 2. m. 25. 〈◊〉 cedul • . in the Parliament held before the end of that year, that the quarrel, wherein he had been so engaged with that great Earl, was just, he had pardonIbid. for the payment of that Money. And upon PetitionCla • . 1 E. 3. p. 1. m. 16. ▪ to King Edward the third, in the first of His Reign, obtained a full dischargeCla • . 1 E. 3. p. 1. m. 16. from that Recognisance. Moreover, being then a BanneretClaus. 1 • . 3. 〈◊〉 . • . 14., he became so active for the King in all his Military Affairs, that there was then dueClaus. 1 • . 3. 〈◊〉 . • . 14. to him one hundred sixteen pound three shillings eight pence, for the service of himself, and his Men at Arms.

In 2 Edw. 3. he obtained the Kings Charter Car. • • ▪ • . n. 64. of Confirmation, for the Mannor of Linton, to himself and his heirs (excepting certain Lands therein of sixty shillings value, which Hugh de Longcamp had there▪) as also of his Lands in Cotton. Moreover, the same year he procured another CharterIbid. n. • 4. for Free Warren in all his Demesn Lands at Eccleswell and Credenhill in Com. Heref. and Longhope in Com. Gloc. being thenPat. 2 E. 3. p. 1. m 12 Lord Chamberlain to the King. And in 4 Edw. 3. was constitutedPat. 4 E. • . p. 2. m. 34. Justice of South Wales. In which Office he substitutedPlac. 〈◊〉 Gilb. Talbot, • 8 E. 3. Rhese ap Griffith (his Nephew) his Lieutenant.

In 12 Edw. 3. he laid claimPlac. • ora • Rege T Mich. 12 E. 3. & Plac. de T▪ Mich. 19 E. • . • ot. 13 • . to the Castle of Keyrkenny, and Cantred of Iskenny (which were the Lands of Leoline ap Rhese Vaughan, his Ancestor.) But they, having been united to the Crown, by Act of Parliament, temp Edw. 1. were past recovery. This Gilbert having obtained a Grant 〈…〉 from King Edward the Third, of the Castle and Lordships of Blenleveny and B •• kedinas for life; in consideration of his laudable services, he had another 〈…〉 Grant of the Inheritance of them in 20 Edw. 3. And having been summoned 〈…〉 to Parliament from 4 Edw. 3. until the eighteenth of that Kings Reign, inclusive; departed 〈…〉 this life in 20 Ed 3. Whereupon Richard, his Son and Heir, entred upon his Inheritance, being then about thirty four years of age (as may seem by that Inquisition taken in 27 Edw. 3.) and in 26 Ed. 3. was charged Rot. F • a • c. 26 E. 3. m▪ 7. with the finding of twenty Men well armed for the Kings service, out of his Lands of Blenleve •• y, • ick-Howell, and Srredewy, in Wales.

¶This Richard Richard. resided at Goderich Castle in Com. Heref. and married 〈…〉 Elizabeth, one of the Sisters 〈…〉 and Heirs to Iohn Comyn of Badenagh in Scotland. Which Elizabeth, being forcibly 〈…〉 taken by Hugh le Despenser, Earl of Winchester, Hugh Despenser Iunior, and others, at Kem • ton in • om. Surr. was first carried 〈…〉 to Wo • king, thence 〈…〉 to Purefrith, in that County, and so detained 〈…〉 for above a twelve-moneth; and in that restraint compelled 〈…〉 for fear of death, to pass her Mannor of Painswike in Com. Gloc. to the said Earl Hugh; and 〈…〉 the Castle of Goderich, to Hugh the younger, to hold to them and their heirs.

But to return.

In An. 1331. (5 Edw. 3.) this last mentioned Richard, challenging 〈…〉 a title to certain Lands in Scotland, in right of his said Wife (as some other of the English Nobles then did) and adhering 〈…〉 to Edward de Baillol, who then laid claim to the Crown of that Realm, would 〈…〉 have entred Scotland by Land; but King Edward the Third not 〈…〉 permitting him so to do, in regard his Sister was married to David, the Son of Robert de Brus; they invaded 〈…〉 that Realm by Sea near Dumfermelin, with three hundred armed Men: Where finding resistance by the Scots, he flew 〈◊〉 many; and within few days after gave 〈◊〉 Battle to their whole Army near Gleddesmore, where they obtained 〈◊〉 a very great Victory.

In 8 Edw. 3. he was taken prisonerYpod. Neustr. 1 • 3. n. 10, 30. in Scotland, with six other Knights; many of the English being then slainYpod. Neustr. 1 • 3. n. 10, 30.: And the year following paidYpod. Neustr. 1 • 3. n. 10, 30. two thousand marks for his redemption. In 11 Edw. 3. he was constituted Rot. Scoc. 11. E. 3. m. 2. Governor of the Town of Barwick upon Twede, as alsoRot. Scoc. 11. E. 3. m. 2. Justice there, and of all other the Kings Lands in Scotland: Which occasioning his residence 〈…〉 in those parts; his Lands in Ireland were seised 〈…〉 : But, upon complaint thereof to the King, he acknowledged 〈…〉 his great travel and large expences in his service in Scotland, and commanded 〈…〉 a discharge of that seisure.

The same year, being a BanneretIbid. m. 18., he had an AssignationIbid. m. 18. of two hundred pound of the Tenth then given in Parliament, out of the City of Bristoll, for his better support in the Governorship of Barwick: And in 12 Edw. 3. had his Commission renewed 〈…〉 for the custody thereof. So likewise 〈…〉 in 13 Edw. 3. from Candlem • s till Trinity Sunday, having there of his retinue 〈…〉 three Knights ... Men at Arms, and a hundred Archers; taking 〈…〉 for his Men at Arms, the wages of War accustomed, and for his Archers three pence per diem. In which year he was made Governor 〈…〉 of Southampton, and appointed 〈…〉 to see it fortified. In 〈…〉 14 Edw. 3. he was again retained from Michaelmas, to the Feast of S. Hillary, having 〈…〉 then a hundred Men at Arms of his retinue, himself a Banneret and seven Knights, accounted for part, fifty Hobelars, and fifty Archers; the wages 〈…〉 of each Hobelar being four pence a day, and for each Archer three pence.

In this fourteenth year of Edward the Third he obtained a CharterCart. 14 E. 3. • 37. for Free Warren in all his Demesn Lands of his Lordships of Bampton in Com. Oxon. Policote in Com. Buck. and Goderich Castle, in the Marches of Wales. In 15 Edw. 3. he was 〈…〉 again in the Wars of Scotland; and in 20 Edw. 3. in 〈…〉 that expedition then made into France: In which year he began his Foundation 〈…〉 of the Priory of Flanesford, within his Lordship of Goderich Castle in Com. Heref. for Canons Regular of S. Augustine.

In 21 Edw. 3. he had a Charter 〈…〉 for a Market every Wednesday, at his Mannor of Leigh in Com. Gloc. And a Fair yearly, on Bartholomew-day. And in 22 Edw. 3. being Steward 〈…〉 of the Kings Houshold, was 〈…〉 in that expedition then made into France.

Moreover, havingPa • . • 2 E. 3. p • . the cognisance of Pleas of the Crown, and other Pleas, within his Lordship and Hundred of Irchenfield; as also in Wormlow in Com. Heref. He obtained from the King the same year, a Grant for a Prison at Goderich Castle, for punishing of Malefactors.

The year following, he obtained a GrantPat. 2 • E. 3. p. • . m. • 2. of Eight hundred twelve pound six shillings four pence, which the King had formerly promised to him.

And in 26 Edw. 3. being then called 〈…〉 Richard Talbot Senior, had License 〈…〉 to Enfeoff Gilbert his Son, and Perine • e Botiller his Wife of the Mannor of Policote in Com. Buck. To hold to them, and the issue of their two Bodies lawfully begotten.

In 29 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Scoc. 29 E. 3. m. 4. again in the Wars of Scotland, as also inRot. Franc. 29 E. 3. m. 4. France the same year. And having been summonedClaus. de iisdem a • n. in dorso. to all the Parliaments from 4 Edw. 3. unto the twenty ninth of that Kings Reign, inclusive, departedEsc. 30 E. 3. n. 51. Claus. 31 Ed. 3. m. • 7. this life 23 Octob. 30 Edw. 3. being thenEsc. 30 E. 3. n. 51. Claus. 31 Ed. 3. m. • 7. seised of the Mannor of Bampton in Com. Oxon. of the Inheritance of Elizabeth his Wife, Farnham in Com. Berks. Huntley in Com. Gloc. And joyntly with her the said Elizabeth, of the Mannors of Swanscompe in Kent; Credenhill, the Park of Penyard, the Mannor of Wormlow, and Hundred of Irchenfield; as also of the Mannors of Goderich Castle, and Eccleswel (in Linton) with the Advowson of the Church of Credenhill in Com. Heref. leaving issueEsc. 30 E. 3. n. 51. Claus. 31 Ed. 3. m. • 7. Gilbert, his Son and Heir, then twenty four years of age; and Thomas Rot. Fin. 1 R. 2. p. 1. m. 30. a younger Son, a Priest; Elizabeth his Wife surviving, afterwards marriedPat. 44 E. 3. p. a. m. 4. to Iohn de Bromwich.

Which Gilbert beingRot. Fin. 31 E. 3. m. 19. then in the Kings service, in Gascoigne, hadRot. Fin. 31 E. 3. m. 19., in consideration thereof; and of the good service of Richard his Father, with Prince Edward in those Wars; Livery of his Lands, with respiteRot. Fin. 31 E. 3. m. 19. for doing his homage.

In 33 Edw. 3. this Gilbert Gilbert. wasRot. Vascon. 33 E. 3. m 9. in that expedition then made into Gascoigne. So likewise inRot. Vascon. 43 E. 3. m. 1. 43 Edw. 3. being then of the retinue with Prince Edward. In 46 Edw. 3. he wasRot. Franc. 46 E. 3. m. 33. again in the Wars of France. And in 47 Edw. 3. gave Pat. 47 E. 3. p. 1. m. 29. the Advowson of the Church of Credenhill, to the Monastery of Wormslow.

In 1 Rich. 2. he wasRot. Franc. 1 R. 2. p. 1 m. 27. in the Kings Fleet at Sea, with Michael de la Poole, Admiral for the North. He had also SummonsClaus. de • isdem ann. in dorso. to Parliament from 36 Edw. 3. until the tenth of King Richard the Second, inclusive. And having married two Wives, viz. Petronill Esc. 42 E. 3., Daughter to Iames, Earl of Ormond; and afterwards Ioane Pat. 3 R. 2. p. 1. m. 12., Daughter to Ralph, Earl Stafford, departedEsc. •• 0 R. 2. n. 42. this life 24 April, 10 Rich. 2. being then seisedEsc. •• 0 R. 2. n. 42. of the moity of the Mannor of Sheriffham in Com. Berks. Of the Mannor of Hyswindon in Com. Wilts. Penyard and Wormlow, with the Hundred of Irchenfield in Com. Heref. As also of the Mannors of Longhope, and Huntley in Com. Gloc. Leaving Richard, his Son and Heir thenEsc. •• 0 R. 2. n. 42. twenty six years of age, who had LiveryClaus. 11 R. 2. m. 30. of his Lands the same year, his homage being respited, which he performed Claus. 11 R. 2. m. 30. the next year following.

This Richard Richard. having marriedRot. Fin. 7 R. 2. m. 26. Ankaret, the Sister of Iohn, Son of Iohn le Strange of Blakmere, Cosin and Heir of Elizabeth, Daughter and Heir of the said Iohn, in 7 Rich. 2. (his Father then living) doing his homage, had Livery Rot. Fin. 7 R. 2. m. 26. of all the Lands which descended to her; and in 8 Rich. 2. was retainedEx A • togr. pen • s Cle • ic. Pell. to serve the King in his Wars of Scotland, for forty days, being Ex A • togr. pen • s Cle • ic. Pell. then a Banneret. In 10 Rich. 2. he wasRot Franc. 10 R 2. m. 1. in the Fleet with Richard, Earl of Arundel, Admiral of England; and the same year attended Ibid. 13. Iohn, Duke of Lancaster, King of Castile and Leon, into Spain.

In 15 Rich. 2. he was foundRot. Fin. 15 R. 2. m. 21. to be one of the Cosins and Heirs to Iohn, the Son of Iohn de Hastings, Earl of Pembroke, viz. Son of Gilbert▪ Son of Elizabeth, Daughter of Ioane, one of the Sister and Heirs of Adomare, Earl of Pembroke. And having been summonedClaus. de iisdem ann. in dorso. to Parliament from 7 till 17 Rich. 2. inclusive; departedEsc. 20 R 2. n. 51. Vid • Claus. 20. R. 2. p. 1. m. 16. this life 7 Sept. 20 Rich. 2. then seised Esc. 20 R 2. n. 51. Vid • Claus. 20. R. 2. p. 1. m. 16. of the Mannors of Great Bra • stead, Hassingbury, and Waldbury, in Com. Essex. Of the moity of the Mannor of Broughton in Com. Wilts. Of the Mannors of Dodinton, Wrockwardine, Blakmere alias Whitchurch, in Com. Salop. Of the Mannor and Hundred of Bampton in Com. Oxon. Of the Mannors of L • nghope, Huntley, Leigh, Lidney, Goderich Castle; the Territory and Hundred of Irchenfield; the Mannors of Wormlow, Penyard, and Eccleswell: As also of the Castle of Ri • peck, within the Liberty of Irchenfield in Com. Heref. Leaving issue Gilbert, his Son and Heir, thenEsc. 20 R 2. n. 51. Vid • Claus. 20. R. 2. p. 1. m. 16. thirteen years of age; as also three others, viz. Iohn, who became famous for his Military exploits in France, (as I shall shew by and by) Richard Catal Praesul Lageniae per Jac. Waraeum • q. Aur p. 28., Archbishop Catal Praesul Lageniae per Jac. Waraeum • q. Aur p. 28. of Dublin; and Thomas Esc. 7 H. 5., who was of Wrockwardine in Com. Salop, but diedEsc. 7 H. 5. issuel • ss. Ankaret, the Wife of the said Richard surviving, who marriedPat. 2 H 4. p. 3. m 1. again to Sir Thomas Nevil Knight.

Which Gilbert, Gilbert. in 7 Hen. 4. representingPat. 7 H. 4. p. • . m. 21. to the King by his humble Petition, That he then had no more then a hundred marks per annum, allowed for his maintenance; and for four years and an half before that, nothing at all, whereby he grew much indebted; had, in consideration thereof, and of his expences in the service of that King, and the Prince his Son, an Assignation Pat. 7 H. 4. p. • . m. 21. of the sum of two hundred pound out of the Exchequer. And in 1 Hen. 5. upon the death of Aukaret, his Mother (who departedClaus 1 H. 5. m. 14. this life on Ascention-day, the same year) doing his homage, had LiveryClaus 1 H. 5. m. 14. of the Lands, whereof she died seisedEsc. 1 H. 5. • . 32., viz. The fourth part of the Mannor of Weston-Turvile in Com. Buck. The third part of two parts of the Mannor of Shrivenham, and the Hundred, in Com. Berks. The third part of the Mannor and Hundred of Bampton in Com. Oxon. The moity of the Mannor of Broughton in Com. Wilts. The moity of the Mannor of Ashton-Giffard, and third part of the Mannor of Hyeswindou, in the same County; the fourth part of the Mannor of W •• y in Comitat. Warr. Likewise of the Mannors of Longhope, Huntley, and Lidney; two parts of the Mannor of Leigh; the moity of the Mannor of Beggeworth; and the third part of the Mannors of Pa •• swike, Morton-Valence, and Whaddon, in Com. Gloc. Also of the Castle and Mannor of Goderich Castle; the Mannor of Eccleswell; the third part of the Mannors of Penyard, and Irchenfield; and Hundred of Wormlow in Com. Heref. And of the Mannors of Blacmere alias Whitchurch, Dodington, Wrockwardin, Sutton-Madock; the Castle and Mannor of Corfham; and fourth part of the Mannor of Lyniale in Com. Heref.

This Gilbert, as Son and Heir to Sir Richard Talbot Knight, Cosin and Heir to Iohn de Hastings, sometime Earl of Pembroke, claimed to carry the great Spurs at the Coronation of King Henry the Fifth. Soon after which, residing at Irchenfield, he was constituted 〈…〉 Justice of Chester. And in 2 Hen. 5. was retained 〈…〉 by Indenture to serve the King, in his French Wars, with a hundred and twenty Men at Arms, and two hundred forty Archers. In 3 Hen. 5. he was by special CommissionPat. 3 • H. 5. p. 1. m. 1., appointed to treat with Owen Glendowr (the Welshman) as also to receive him with other his Rebellious adherents to obedience. In 4 Hen. 5. he was again retainedEx A • togr. penès Cle • ic. Pell. by Indenture to serve the King in his Wars of France; where he likewise continuedRot. Franc. 5 H. 5. m. • 5. the following year; and was then constitutedRot. No •• . 5 H. 5. m. • 4. Guardian and Captain General of the Marches of Normandy.

In the same year also, by the name of Gilbert Talbot of Irchenfield, he was joyned in Commission Ibid. m. • 7. with Gilbert de Vmfranvile (a great Baron in the North) to subdue all the Forts and Castles in Normandy, to the Kings obedience. And in 6 Hen. 5. by the nameRot. Fran • . 6 H. 5 m • 7. of Sir Gilbert Talbot Knight, Lord of Irchenfield and Blakmere, continuedRot. Fran • . 6 H. 5 m • 7. there in that Kings service.

This Gilbert first marriedClaus. 2 H. 4. p. 1. m 7. Ioane, one of the Daughters and Heirs of Eleanor, the Wife of Thomas (of Woodstock) Duke of Glocester; and secondly, Beatrix Ypod▪ Neust. 175. n. 〈◊〉 Vi • esis Orig. 11 H. 6. Rot. 13., an Illegitimate Daughter to the King of Portugal, (who surviving him, became the WifeYpod▪ Neust. 175. n. 〈◊〉 Vi • esis Orig. 11 H. 6. Rot. 13. of Thomas, Earl of Arundel) and diedEsc. • H. 5. n. 6 • . 19 Octob. 7 Hen. 5. then seisedEsc. • H. 5. n. 6 • . of the moity of the Mannors of Broughton and Ashton-Giffard in Com. Wilts. Of the Mannor of Chaloughton in Com. Southampt. Of two parts of the Mannor of Wrockwardine, in Com. Salop. Of the Mannors of Blakmere, Whitchurch, and Dodington, in the same County; of the fourth part of the Mannor of Wily in Com. War. Of the Mannor and Hundred of Bampton in Com. Oxon. Of the Mannor of Shrivenham in Com. Berks. Of the Mannor of Eccleswell, and Territory of Irchenfield; of the Mannor and Hundred of Wormlow; of the Mannor of Penyard, and Castle and Mannor of Goderich Castle in Com. Heref. Leaving Ankaret Esc. • H. 5. n. 6 • . his only Daughter his heir, then two years of age; and her, the said Beatrix, his Wife surviving; whom the King acceptedClaus • H. • . m. • . as a free Denizen; and confirmed Claus • H. • . m. • . unto her the Mannors of Blakmere alias Whitchurch, and Dodington; with the Advowsons of the Churches of Whitchurch and Ightfield, which had been • etledClaus. • H. • . m. • . on her by Feoffment, for term of life; as alsoRot. No •• . 7 H. 5. p. 1. n. 51. the third part of all the Lands of her deceased Husband.

Which Ankaret, departingEsc. 9 H • . n • • 4. this life upon the Feast-day of S. Lucia, the Virgin, 9 Hen. 5. Sir Iohn Talbot Knight, her Uncle (viz. Brother to the last mentioned Gilbert, her Father) became Esc. 9 H • . n • • 4. her next Heir, beingEsc. 9 H • . n • • 4. then thirty years of age.

This was that Iohn, Iohn • . whom our Historians do so deservedly extol for his great and heroick atchievements; at some particular of whose memorable actions, I shall here briefly point.

Having marriedRot. 〈◊〉 8 H 4. m. 11. Esc. 10 • . 4. n • 5. Rot. F • n. 10 H. • . 〈◊〉 5. Maud the eldest of the two DaughtersRot. 〈◊〉 8 H 4. m. 11. Esc. 10 • . 4. n • 5. Rot. F • n. 10 H. • . 〈◊〉 5., and Coheirs of Sir Thomas Nevill Knight, byRot. 〈◊〉 8 H 4. m. 11. Esc. 10 • . 4. n • 5. Rot. F • n. 10 H. • . 〈◊〉 5. Ioane his Wife, sole Daughter and Heir to William, Lord Furnivall, he was first summoned Claus. 11 H. • . • dorso. & • . to Parliament in 11 Hen. 4. and after, by the nameClaus. 11 H. • . • dorso. & • . of Iohn Talbot, of Hallomshire, (that, with the Castle of Sheffield, being part of her Inheritance.) In 1 Hen. 5. this Iohn (though for what cause appears not) was committed prisoner 〈…〉 to the Tower of London, 16 Novemb. but in February following (that cloud being over) he was constituted 〈…〉 Lieutenant of Ireland; and the next ensuing year (continuing Pat. • H. 5. p. 1. m. 2. still in Ireland, as Lieutenant) hadPat. • H. 5. p. 1. m. 2. Letters of Protection thither sent him by the name Pat. • H. 5. p. 1. m. 2. of Sir Iohn Talbot Knight, Lord Furnivall: About which time he did, by Indenture, retein 〈…〉 Iames Bo • tiller then Earl of Ormund, to serve him upon occasion, with his whole retinue Horse, and Foot, well mounted, armed and arrayed, for the terme of one Year.

In 5 Hen. 5. he attended the King into Normandy, being 〈…〉 with him at the Leaguer of Caen, on the left Wing of his Army: and was 〈…〉 also with the Duke of Exeter (the Kings Uncle) at the siege of Roan.

In 9 Hen. 5 upon 〈…〉 the Death of Ankaret, sole Daughter 〈…〉 and Heir to Sir Gilbert Talbot Knight, elder Brother of this Iohn; he being found 〈…〉 her next Heir, had Livery 〈…〉 of all the Lands, whereof she died seized, as Heir to her Father, as also 〈…〉 of those Lands, which descended to her as Heir to Sir Thomas Talbot Knight her Uncle. Being the same year deteinedEx A • togr. penès, Cleric. Pell. by Indenture to serve the King in the Warrs of France, with thirty men at Armes, and ninety Archers on Horseback.

WhilestPat. 3. Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 12. he was Lieutenant of Ireland, in the time of King Henry the fifth, he tookPat. 3. Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 12. prisoner there, Donat Ma • -Murghe, a great Rebel: and when the King Commanded him out of Ireland, into Normandy; for his more secure custody, he broughtPat. 3. Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 12. him hither, where he was committedPat. 3. Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 12. to the Tower of London: and afterwards, s • il. in 3 Hen. 6. givenPat. 3. Hen. 6. p. 1. m. 12. to this Iohn to make his best advantage of him.

In 2 H. 6. Edmund Mortimer Earl of March and Ulster, takingPat. 4 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 21. per inspex. notice of the special demerits of this Iohn, whom he had reteinedPat. 4 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 21. per inspex. in his service, during life; in recompence thereof gavePat. 4 Hen. 6. p. 2. m. 21. per inspex. him an annual Rent of an hundred pounds to be received out of his Lordships of Denas, Ta • gar, Blenleveny, and others.

InRot. Franc. 5 Hen. 6. m. 8. 5 andRot. Fran. 6 Hen. 6. m. 15. 6 Hen. 6. he was in the Warrs of France, and of the retinueRot. Fran. 6 Hen. 6. m. 15. with Iohn Duke of Bedford, Regent there.

In 6 Hen. 6. his name beingPol. Virg. p. 466. n. 20. terrible to the French, in regardPol. Virg. p. 466. n. 20. of his many successful exploits against them; he was sentPol. Virg. p. 466. n. 20. into France, with an Army, and madePol. Virg. p. 466. n. 20. General thereof. Moreover, uponIbid. 467. n. 30 & 40. & 468. the revolt of those of Maine, he marched with great speed, from Alencon, to the ayd of William Earl of Suffolk, Governor there; and coming thither, tookIbid. 467. n. 30 & 40. & 468. that place, with little cost; giving quarterIbid. 467. n. 30 & 40. & 468. to all that were not in Armes. Thence he advanced toIbid. 468. n. 10. Pontoise, and tookIbid. 468. n. 10. it; Thence toIbid. & n. 30. Orl • ans, whereunto Siege was laydIbid. & n. 30. by Thomas Montacute Earl of Salisbury, who had the hard fate to be there flainIbid. 469. n. 20. & 30.. After which (leaving Ibid. 472. n. 10 & 20. that Siege) he marchedIbid. 472. n. 10 & 20. to Mehune, and fortifiedIbid. 472. n. 10 & 20. it: Thence to La-vall, which he took, Ibid. with the Castle. Whereof the French having Ibid. notice, they gatheredIb. n. 30. & 40. all the strength they could; and marchingIb. n. 30. & 40. thither, under the Command of the Pucell of Orleans, gave him Battle Ib. n. 30. & 40. near Pataie; in which, many being slain, he was taken PrisonerIb. n. 30. & 40.: the same whereof became so prejudicial 〈…〉 to the English; that thereupon divers places fell off 〈…〉 to the other side.

This was in 7 Hen. 6. But in 〈…〉 11 Hen. 6. for 〈…〉 a great sum of money, and enlargement 〈…〉 of Ambrose de Lore (an eminent Captain of the French) in exchange, he was set 〈…〉 at liberty. Whereupon, having raisedIbid. 482. n. 20. new forces in England, he sailedIbid. 482. n. 20. again to Roan; and thence advanced to Paris, Ibid. 482. n. 20. to the Duke of Bedford: and having consultedIbid. with him, marchedIbid. with some forces to Bellomont, and tookIbid. it by assault.

In 12 Hen. 6. he wasRot. Franc. 12 Hen. 6. m. 13. again in the Warrs of France. In Anno 1414 (13 Hen. 6.) being still Chron. Hen. de Marleberge. Lieutenant of Ireland, he arrivedChron. Hen. de Marleberge. at Dalkay, in that Realm, on Martinmass Eve. In which year he wasEx A • togr. Penès, Cleric. Pell. again retained to serve the King for six months in his Warrs of France, with two Knights, sixteen men at Armes, and six hundred Archers.

In 17 Hen. 6. having marriedRot. Fin. 17 Hen • 6. m. 4. to his second Wife, Margaret the eldest of the three Daughters of Richard Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, and HeirsRot. Fin. 17 Hen • 6. m. 4. to Elizabeth their Mother (Daughter and Heir to Thomas Lord Berkley) he had LiveryRot. Fin. 17 Hen • 6. m. 4. of the Lands, which thereupon belonged to her; his Homage being respitedRot. Fin. 17 Hen • 6. m. 4., by reason of his personalRot. Fin. 17 Hen • 6. m. 4. abode in the Warrs of France.

In 18 Hen. 6. withPol. Virg. p. 488. n. 40. & 489. Thomas Earl of Dorset, he DefeatedPol. Virg. p. 488. n. 40. & 489. the French at Obrune, in Normandy: And after this, marchedIb • n. 40. & 490. to Ponti • are, with purpose to Skirmish with their whole Army: but they decliningIb • n. 40. & 490., he returned Ib • n. 40. & 490. with much Plunder to Roan; whence he was sentIb. n. 10. & n. 30. to D • epe, which he strongly besieged Ib. n. 10. & n. 30., but prevailed notLell. Coll. Vol. 1. 708..

In 20 Hen. 6. he continuedRot. Fra • . 20 Hen. 6. m. 24. still in the Warrs of France, Sir Iohn Talbot, Knight, (his eldest Son) beingRot. Fra • . 20 Hen. 6. m. 24. then with him. In which year he was, for his singular demerits, advanced to the title and dignity of Earl of Shrewsbury, his PatentCart ab an. 1, asque 21 Hen. 6. m. 11. 20 of Creation bearing date 20 Martii.

In 21 Hen. 6. he was constitutedRot. Fra •• . 21 Hen. 6. m. 17. • one of the Ambassadors, to treat of Peace with the King of France, or his Ambassadors.

In 22 Hen. 6. the King beingPat. 22 H. 6. p. 1. m. 15. indebted to him, in the sum of ten thousand four hundred twenty six pounds, four shillings, farthing, in considerationPat. 22 H. 6. p. 1. m. 15. of his great services, as well to King Henry the fifth (his Father) as to himself, both in France, and Normandy; granted, y that after the sum of twenty one thousand pounds, wherein he stood indebted unto Henry the Cardinal, Bishop of Winchester, were paid, he should receive yearly, four hundred marks out of the Customs and Duties issuing from the Port of Kingston upon Hull.

Moreover, he was the same year again reteined Ex A • togr. penès, Cler. Pell. to serve the King in his Warrs of France, with one Baron, two Knights, fourscore and sixteen men at Armes, and three hundred Archers; the King having given him ten thousand pounds in hand.

In 23 Hen. 6. he was once more constituted Pat. 23 H 6. p. 2. m. 10. Lieutenant of Ireland. And the next year ensuing (17 Iulii) havingPat 24 H. 6. p. 2. m. 16. then the titles of Earl of Shrewsbury, and Weysford, Lord Talbot, Furnival, and Lestrange (being agedPat 24 H. 6. p. 2. m. 16.) in considerationPat 24 H. 6. p. 2. m. 16. of his great services, and blood spilt in the Warrs; as also consideringPat 24 H. 6. p. 2. m. 16. the devastation and spoil done in the County and City of Waterford, and Barony of Dungarvan, in the Realm of Ireland, by several hostilities of the Rebells; to the endPat 24 H. 6. p. 2. m. 16. that the said Realm of Ireland, might be thenceforth the better defended and preserved; he was adadvanced Ibid. to the title and dignity of Earl of Waterford; having the said City of Waterford, with the Castles, Honor, Land, and Barony of Dungarvan, grantedIbid. to him; to hold to himself and the Heirs-male of his Body; and, thatIbid. he and they should thenceforth be Stewards of that Realm, to do and execute all things to that Office appertaining, as fully as the Steward of England did perform here: And within few weeks following, constitutedIbid. m. • . Sir Iohn Talbot his Son Chancellor of Ireland.

Being againPolyd. Virg. 496. n. 10. in the Wars of France, (An. 29 Hen. 6.) where the good success of the English then more and more declinedPolyd. Virg. 496. n. 10., he was at the renderPolyd. Virg. 496. n. 10. of Faliese; and quittedPolyd. Virg. 496. n. 10. that place upon honorable terms.

In 30 Hen. 6. he was made 〈…〉 General of the English Fleet, then to go out, having 〈…〉 four thousand Soldiers with him in that expedition • And the year next following, Lieutenant 〈…〉 of the Dutchy of Aquitane, having 〈…〉 under him these Captains of his Men at Arms, and Archers, viz. 〈…〉 Iohn Vicount l'Isle (his eldest Son by his second Wife) Sir Robert Hungerford, Lord Molins, Sir Roger Camoys, Sir Iohn l'Isle, and Iohn, the Bastard of Somerset: And in consideration 〈…〉 of his great charge, in that high employment, a grant 〈…〉 of the Thirds, and Third of the Thirds, which were reserved to the King upon his Retainer therein.

Whereupon he marchedPolyd. Vir. p. 501. n. 10. & 20. thither; took Polyd. Vir. p. 501. n. 10. & 20. Baurdeaux, and put a GarisonPolyd. Vir. p. 501. n. 10. & 20. in it. Which fair success causedIbid. n. 30. divers remote Cities to send to him, with promiseIbid. n. 30. to submit to his Authority.

Thence, hearingIb. p. 502. that the French had besieged Chastillion, he advancedIb. p. 502. thither, and gaveIb. p. 502. them Battle; but the event of that days work (though for a while it stood doubtfullIbid. n. 10.) at length proved fatal to the English; for this renowned General, being smittenIbid. n. 10. from his Horse by a Cannon Bullet, there endedIbid. n. 10. this life; whereupon his whole Army became presently routedIbid. n. 10..

This sad accident hapnedEsc. 32 H. 6. n. • 9. 20 Iulii, 31 Hen. 6. he dying then seisedEsc. 32 H. 6. n. • 9. of all these following Lands and Lordships, viz. The Castle and Mannor of Alveton, and Mannor of Lo • nton, in Com. Staff. The Mannor of Wily in Com. Warr. Bittulsby in Com. Leic. Eyham, Middelton, Samford, and Brasington, in Com. Derb. Stoke-Verdon, and Willeford, in Com. Wilts. And of Furnivals-Inne in Holborn, in the Suburbs of London. Likewise of the Castle and Lordship of Goderich Castle; the Mannor of Irchenfield; the Hundred of Wormlow; the Mannors of Eccleswell, Strangeford, Penyard, and Cr • denhill, in Com. Heref. The Castle and Mannor of Sheffield, and Mannors of Treton and Whiston in Com. Ebor. The Mannors of Weston Turvile and Farnham in Com. Buck. The Mannors of Huntley, Longhope, Lidney, Leigh, Morton, Whaddo • , Painswike, and Hamlet of Howson, in Com. Gloc. The Mannors of Wrocwardine, Sutton Madock, and Hamlet of Sutton; the Mannor of Cheswardine, the fourth part of the Mannors of Frankton and Lin • all; the Mannors of Routhail, Middelhope, Bitterley, Bu • don, Aston, Meynton, Whetehull; the Castle of Wall; the Mannors of Abberbury, Baklesby, Basford, Tasley, and the Inne called Talbots-Iune in Shrewsbury; as also of the Castle of Corfham; the Mannors of Dodelbury, Dodington, Whitchurch, Blakmere; and the moity of the Mannor of Lineley, all in Com. Salop. Leaving Iohn, his Son and Heir, then forty years of age.

After which, his Body was conveyed into England, and Interred at Whitchurch in Com. Solop. Where a Noble Monument is erected for him, in the South Wall of the Chancel, with this Epitaph.

Orate pro anima praenobilis domini, domini Iohannis Talbot quondam Comitis Salopiae, domini Furnivall, domini Verdon, domini Strange de Blackmere, & Mareschalli Franciae, qui obiit in bello apud Burdews, vij• Julij, MCCCCLIII.

The next year following, viz. 32 Hen. 6. Margaret his Wife surviving, had her Dowry assigned Claus. 3 • H. 6. m. 3. to her; and departingEsc. 7 H. • . n. 44. this life, 14 Iune, 7 Edw. 4. left Thomas Talbot, Vicount l'Isle (Son of Iohn Vicount l'Isle her Son, who was slain with his Father in the Battle of Chastillion) then nineteen years of age, her nextEsc. 7 H. • . n. 44. Heir.

For which Margaret, who lieth buriedStows S •• vey, pag. 369 • . in a certain place called Iesus Chappel, scituate within the Cathedral of S. Paul, in London, it was intendedStows ••• vey, pag. 369 • . that a fair Monument of an a hundred pound value should have been erected; but instead thereof, this InscriptionStows S •• vey, pag. 369 • . only remained upon a Pillar there, viz.

Here, before the Image of Iesus, lyeth the right Worshipful and Noble Lady Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury, late Wife of the true and victorious Knight John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury. Which Worshipful Man died in Guien, for the right of this Land. She was the first Daughter, and one of the Heirs of the right Famous and Renowned Knight, Richard Beauchamp, late Earl of Warwick (which died in Roan) and of Dame Elizabeth his Wife; the which Elizabeth was Daughter and Heir to Thomas, late Lord Berkley, on his side; and on her Mothers side, Lady l'Isle and Tyes. Which Countess passed from this World, the fourteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord, 1468. On whose Soul, Iesus have mercy. Amen.

The issue which this great Earl had by Maud his first Wife, was as followeth; Thomas, who diedRegist de Wyrks • p. in his life time in France, Iohn Regist de Wyrks • p. who succeeded him in his Lands and Honors, and Sir Christopher Regist de Wyrks • p. Talbot Knight.

And by Margaret his second Wife (Daughter of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick) another Ibid. Iohn, who was createdIbid. Baron l'Isle, and afterwards Vicount; Sir Humphrey Ibid. Talbot, and Sir Lewes, both Knights: On which Sir Lewes, he IntailedClaus. 〈◊〉 H. 6 in 5. in dorso. the Mannors of Penyard, Credenhill, and Strangeford, in Com. Heref.

I now come to Iohn, Iohn 2. his Successor in this Earldom.

In 4 Hen. 6. the King himself being made a Knight 〈…〉 at Leicester on Whitsonday, by the Duke of Bedford (his Uncle) amongst divers other noble Persons, Knighted 〈…〉 this Iohn, then Lord Talbot. After which, viz. in 20 Hen. 6. he went 〈…〉 to the Wars of France; and in 24 Hen. 6. was made Chancellor 〈…〉 of Ireland (all this being in the life of his Father.)

In 32 Hen. 6. (his Father then dead) he had Livery 〈…〉 of his Lands, his homage being respited 〈…〉 . In 35 Hen. 6. he was made 〈…〉 Lord Treasurer of England. And in 38 Hen. 6. (19 Dec.) in consideration 〈…〉 of the charge he had been at in the Kings service, obtained a Grant • of a hundred marks per annum, during his life, out of the Revenues of the Lordship of Wakefield in Com. Ebor. then in the Crown, by reason of the forfeiture 〈…〉 of Richard, Duke of York. But of this Grant he had little benefit; for upon the tenth of Iuly, next ensuing, he was slain 〈…〉 in the Battle of Northampton, with 〈…〉 Christopher his Brother (fighting there stoutly for the Lancastrian Interest) and buried 〈…〉 in the Priory of Wyrksop, within the Chappel of our Lady, with this Epitaph 〈…〉 .

Sepulchrum magnanimi, atque praepotentis domini, domini Iohannis de Talbot Comitis Salopiae secundi, ex Regio sanguine ducentis originem. Qui Henrico Regi fidissimus, Bello apud Northamptoniam gesto, ante signa strenuè pugnans, honestâ morte occidit die decimo Iulii, anno domini nostri I • esu Christi MCCCCLX. cujus animae propitietur Deus. Amen. Salopiae Comitis Lapis hic tegit ossa Iohannis Cui nihil antiquius quàm fuit alma fides Hic ut serviret Regi, tormenta subivit Intrepidus ferri sanguineamque necem. Ergo licet parvum condat sua Viscera saxum, Virtus Angligenum lustrat in omne solum.

This Iohn first married 〈…〉 Catherine, one of the Daughters and Heirs to Sir Edward Burnall Knight, Son of Hugh Lord Burnel; and secondly 〈…〉 , Elizabeth, Daughter of Iames, Earl of Ormond, by whom he left issue five Sons, viz. Iohn, his Son and Successor in this Earldom, at that time 〈…〉 twelve years old and upwards; Sir Iames 〈…〉 Talbot Knight; Sir Gilbert 〈…〉 Talbot of Grafton in Com. Wigorn. Knight Banneret, and Captain of Calais; Christopher 〈…〉 , Archdeacon of Chester, and Rector of Whitchurch; and George 〈…〉 : As also two Daughters, viz. Anne 〈…〉 , Wife of Sir Henry Vernon of Haddon in Com. Derb. Knight; and Margaret 〈…〉 .

Which Elizabeth in 39 Hen. 6. had for her Dowry, an Assignation 〈…〉 of the Castle and Lordship of Sheffield in Com. Ebor. with its members; the Mannors of Southhagh, Bradfield, Ecclesfield, Halifield, Granow, Whiston, and Treton; as also 〈…〉 four Messuages, twenty Acres of Land, and five Acres of Meadow in Rotheram, in the same County; likewise 〈…〉 one Messuage in London called Furnivals Inne: And departed 〈…〉 this life on Saturday next following the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, in the thirteenth of Edward the Fourth.

I should now come to Iohn, the third of that name, Earl of Shrewsbury, Son and Heir to the last mentioned Iohn; but before I proceed with my discourse of him, I shall look back to Iohn, Son of Iohn, the first Earl of Shrewsbury, by Margaret his second Wife.

This Iohn (in respect of his descent 〈…〉 from Margaret, Daughter and Heir to Warine Gerard, Lord l'Isle, by Alice his Wife, Daughter and Heir of Henry, Lord Tyes, Wife of Thomas, Lord Berkley, Father of Elizabeth, Wife of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, Father of Margaret, Mother of him the said Iohn) was created Ibid. Baron 〈◊〉 , 26 Iuly, 22 Hen. 6. Sibi, haeredibus & assignatis, by reasonIbid., that he possessed the Mannor of Kingston-l'Isle in Com. Berks. And afterwardsCart. ab An. 27. usque 3 • H. 6 • n. 〈◊〉 ., s • il. 30 Octob. 30. Hen. 6. Viscount l'Isle, Sibi & haeredibus masculis de corpore s • o.

Of whom, that which I conceive to be most remarkable, is, That the year next ensuing (scil. 31 Hen. 6.) his Father being then constituted Lieutenant of the Dutchy of Aquitane, and he one of the Captains there under him (as hath been already observed) he was by Indenture retained Ex A • togr. penès Cleric. Pell. to serve the King there, for one quarter of a year, with two Bannerets, four Knights, seventy three Men at Arms on Horsback, and eight hundred Archers on Foot; receiving for himself six shillings per diem; for his two Bannerets four shillings apiece; for his seven Knights two shillings; for the Men at Arms twelve pence; and for the Archers six pence apiece. As also, that he married • el. Coll. Vol. 3. p. 210. Ioane, Daughter and Coheir of Thomas Chedder, of Chedder in Com. Somers. Esquire, Widow of Richard Stafford Esquire; and, that he was slainEsc. 7 E. 4. n. 4. Post mortem ejusdem Johannae. with his Father, in the Battle at Castillion beforementioned. Being then seisedEsc. 38 H 6. n. ... of the Mannors of Wrocwardine, Cheswordine, Sutton-Madoc, Brogton, Tassley, Abberbury, and 〈◊〉 , in Com. Salop. Moreover, that he left issueEsc. 7 E • 4. n. 4. Post mortem ejusdem Johannae. Esc. 32 H. 6. n 38 Claus. 37 H 6. n. 40. Thomas Talbot, Viscount l'Isle, his Son and Heir; who, being at that time but tenEsc. 7 E • 4. n. 4. Post mortem ejusdem Johannae. Esc. 32 H. 6. n 38 Claus. 37 H 6. n. 40. years of age, was committedEsc. 7 E • 4. n. 4. Post mortem ejusdem Johannae. Esc. 32 H. 6. n 38 Claus. 37 H 6. n. 40. to the tuition of Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury (his Grandmother) and twenty marks per annum allowed for his maintenance, during his minority. • At the death of his Mother, in 7 Edw. 4. he was nineteenEsc. 7 E. 4. n. 4. Post mortem ejusdem Johannae. Ex Vet. Script. in Castro de Berkley. years of age, and marriedEsc. 7 E. 4. n. 4. Post mortem ejusdem Johannae. Ex Vet. Script. in Castro de Berkley. Margaret, Daughter to William Herber • , Earl of Pembroke.

Of this Thomas, that which I find cheifly memorable, is, That having much contest with William, Lord Berkley, (afterwards Marquess) touching certain Lands and Lordships whereunto he pretended right, from Margaret his Grandmother; he was slainEsc. Post mortem ejusdem Thom •• , 9 & 10 E. 4 • n 58. in a skirmish betwixt the same Lord Berkley and himself, (with their followers) at Wotton under Edge in Com. Gloc. 20 Martii, 10 Edw. 4. (as in my discourse of that Marquess Berkley, doth more fully appear) leaving his two Sisters his HeirsEsc. Post mortem ejusdem Thom •• , 9 & 10 E. 4 • n 58., viz. Elizabeth marriedCart ab An. 15. usque 22 E. 4. n. 8. to Edward Grey, afterwards created Viscount l'Isle; and Margaret toOrig 10 E. 4. Rot. 11. n. 15. Sir George Vere Knight.

¶I now return to Iohn, the third of that name, Earl of Shrewsbury.

This Iohn, in 4 Edw. 4. obtained Livery 〈…〉 of the Lands whereof his Father died seised, though he was not 〈…〉 then of full age: And in 11 Edw. 4. was madePat. 11 E. 4. p. 1. m. 7. Cheif Justice of North Wales; with CommissionIbid. m. 3. to Array, and arm all persons of Body able, and estate sufficient, residing in the Counties of Salop, Stafford, and the Marches of North Wales, for the defence of that Countrey, from the danger of those unlawful and tumultuous assemblies which were then frequent in those parts.

In 12 Edw. 4. he was constitutedRot. Scoc. 12 E. 4. m. 19. one of the Kings Commissioners, to treat with certain Commissioners from Iames the third, then King of Scotland, touching some grievances from the Subjects of that Realm. And having marriedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. Catherine, Daughter of Humphrey Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, departedEsc. • 3 E. 4. n. 5 • . this life, 28 Iunii, 13 Edw. 4. leaving issueEsc. • 3 E. 4. n. 5 • . George, his Son and Heir, then five years of age; Thomas, who died Catal. of Nob. by R. B. without issue; and Anne, a Daughter, who became the WifeCatal. of Nob. by R. B. of Thomas Boteler, Lord Sudley.

Which Catherine had divers Lordships in the Counties of Salop, Glocester, Buckingham, and elswhere, assignedPat. 15 E. 4. p. • . m. 12. for her Dowry; and departed this life, 26 Decemb. 16 Edw. 4.

I now come to George.

This George, George. Earl of Shrewsbury, (the first of that name) had a specialPat. 1 H. 7. p. 1. Livery for all his Lands in 1 Hen. 7. and was the same year made Polyd. Virg. p. 567. one of the Kings Privy Council.

In 2 Hen. 7. he wasIbid. 573. • . 20. in the Battle of Stoke, near Newark upon Trent, on the behalf of the King, against those Rebels, at that time, there in Arms, and vanquished.

And in 5 Hen. 7. oneIbid. 584. n 20. of the cheif of those, whom King Henry sent into Flanders with a powerful Army, in aid of Maximilian the Emperor, against the French.

In 1 Hen. 8. he was constitutedPat. 1 H 8. p. 2. m. 7. one of Chamberlains of the Exchequer; as also StewardHerb. Hist. of H. 8. p 3. of the Kings Houshold, and oneHerb. Hist. of H. 8. p 3. of his Privy Council.

In 4 Hen. 8. he commandedIbid. p 36. the Vantgard in the Kings Army at the Siege of Therouene, and plantedIbid. p 36. himself on the North West of that Town.

In 6 Hen. 8. he obtainedPat. 6 H. 8. p. 2. the Mannor of Walsham, in the Willows, in Com. Norf. late Pat. 6 H. 8. p. 2. Edmund De la Poole, Earl of Suffolk, attainted, to hold to himself and the Heirs-male of his Body. In 12 Hen. 8. he was presentHerb Hist. of H. 8. p. 99. at that memorable Enterview of King Henry, and Francis the First of France, betwixt Guisnes and Ardres; as also atHerb Hist. of H. 8. p. 99. those famous Warlike exercises then performed there.

In An. 1522. (14 Hen. 8.) he wasIbid. p. 134. Lieutenant General of the North, and madeIbid. p. 134. some Inroads into Scotland; and in 17 Hen. 8. was made ConstablePat. 17 H. 8. p. 1. of the Castles of Radnore and Wigmore.

In An. 1529. (21 H. 8.) he was oneHerb. Hist. H. 8. p. 242. of the witnesses examined in that case of the Divorce, betwixt the King, and Catherine his first Wife. And the same year, amongst other of the great Lords, subscribedIbid. p. 274. those Articles which proved so fatal to Cardinal Woolsey; as also the year following, of that DeclarationIbid. p. 306. sent to the Pope, for ratifying the Divorce betwixt the King and his said Queen.

Moreover, in 28 Hen. 8. uponIbid. p. 413. that Rebellion in the North, called The Pilgrimage of Grace (occasioned by the dissolution of the lesser Monasteries) he was constitutedIbid. p. 413. the Kings Lieutenant, to march thither with a powerful Army: And for quieting of that dangerous Insurrection, impowred Ibid. p. 427. (with the Duke of Norfolk) to take the submission of the Commons.

This Earl married two Wives: First 〈…〉 Anne, Daughter of William, Lord Hastings, Chamberlain to King Edward the Fourth, by whom he had issue six Sons, viz. 〈…〉 Henry, who died young, and was buried in the Priory of • alk in Com. Darb Francis, who succeeded him in his Lands and Honors; Iohn and Iohn, who both died in their infancy, and were buried at Ashby de la Zouch; William, born at She • field, and Richard at Chelsey. As also five Daughters, viz. 〈◊〉 Margaret, Wife to Henry, Earl of Cumberland; Anne and Dorothy, both born at Winkfield-Mannor; Mary, Wife to Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland; and Elizabeth married to William, Lord Dacres of Gillesland.

His second Wife was 〈◊〉 Elizabeth, Daughter, and one of the Heirs of Sir Richard Walden, of Erithe in Kent, Knight, by whom he had issue 〈◊〉 Iohn, who died young, and Anne 〈◊〉 married to Peter Compton, Son and Heir of Sir William Compton Knight; and afterwards to 〈◊〉 William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. Which Elizabeth died 〈…〉 in An. 1567.

This last mentioned Earl George, by his Testament Cromwel qu. 13. bearing date 21 Aug. 29 Hen. 8. bequeathed his Body to be buried in the Parish Church of She • field, by Anne his first Wife, without any Ceremonies, but Dirige on the Eve, three Masses, and a Sermon on the morrow; and that twenty five poor men should have black Gowns to carry Torches at his Burial; but not above a hundred black Gowns to be given to his servants, besides the Gowns to his Wives Gentlewomen. He also appointed, that a Tomb of Marble should be set over his Grave, with three Images to be laid thereon, viz. One of himself in a Mantle of Garters; another of his deceased Wife in her Robes; and the third of his Wife then living.

He likewise farther Willed, that immediately after his decease, his Executors should cause to be given to a thousand Priests, six pence apiece, to say Placebo and Dirige, and Mass for his Soul, and all Christian Souls; and twenty five marks in Money, in penny-dole to be distributed on the day of his Burial, to such poor people, as should be thereat, to pray for his Soul.

To his Daughter the Countess of Northumberland, he gave a Chain of Gold, with White and Red Enamil. And moreover Willed, That three Priests, for the space of twenty years, next after his decease, should sing for his Soul; whereof two in the Parish Church of Sheffield, at the Altar where the Lady Anne, his first Wife lay interred; and the other in the Chappel of our Blessed Lady of the Bridge in Sheffield; every of them to have eight marks yearly, during that time. And departedJ. 11. i • Officio Armor. f 67 • . this life at his Mannor of Wingfield in Com. Derb. 26 Iulii, 33 Hen. 8. with this Charactar, viz. Polyd. Virg. p. 567. That he was Vir nobilis, sapiens, ac in omnibus vitae partibus moderatus, a Person noble, prudent, and moderate throughout the whole course of his life.

To whom succeeded Francis, Francis. his Son and Heir, bornCatal. of Nob. by R. 〈◊〉 in Sheffield Castle, Anno 1500. (16 Hen. 7.) Which Francis was summonedJournal 〈◊〉 P. de cod •• anno. to Parliament amongst the Barons, 17 February, 24 Hen. 8. his Father then living: And the same year his Father died, scil. 33 Hen. 8. (the greater Monasteries being then totally dissolved) obtained Pat. 3 • H • . p. 4. from the King, by exchange for the Mannor of Farnham-Royal in Com. Buck. (which he held by Grand Serjeanty, toR • t. in 〈◊〉 Lond. support the Kings Right-Arm, during the time he holds the Scepter in his hand, at the Coronation of the Kings of this Realm) the Inheritance of the scite of the Priory of Worsop in Com. Nott. And certain Lands in Sheffield, belonging to the Abby of Beaucheif in Com. Derb. As also the scite of the Priory of Kingsmead, near the Town of Derby, with certain Lands thereto belonging. And likewise divers Lands belonging unto the dissolved Monastery of Roucester in Com. Staff.

In 34 Hen. 8. this Earl Francis wasHerb. Hist. of. H. 8. p. 4 • 3. in that Army, which then marched into Scotland, by reasonIbid. 481. that the King of that Realm had entertained some of the Northern Rebels; frustrated King Henry of the promised enterview; and that his Subjects had invaded the Borders, while a Treaty was on foot. But in this expedition, no great matter was performed.

So likewiseIbid. 507 & 508. in that of 36 Hen. 8. he then commandingIbid. 507 & 508. the Rear of the English Army; at which time theyIbid. 507 & 508. plundered Leith, and made great spoil, by burning and rapine in the City of Edenburgh, and all the Country thereabouts: The quarrel being upon pretenceIbid. of a desired marriage betwixt Prince Edward, and the young Queen of Scotland, whereunto the Scots would notIbid. readily condiscend.

The same year he was also constitutedIbid. 511. the Kings Lieutenant of the North. And in 2 Edw. 6 sent 〈…〉 again into Scotland with fifteen thousand Men (against the French, Almains, and Scots, then in Arms) for the relief of Hading • on, at that time besieged. Where, after he had victualled and reinforced the Town, he encamped Ibid. near the Enemy; but finding them not inclinable to fight, though they had received great supplies, returnedIbid. unto his Camp, and afterwards for England.

Moreover, the same year, he was constituted 〈…〉 Justice of all the Forests beyond • rent; and in 1 Mariae, made President 〈…〉 of the Council in the North.

In 1 Eliz. he was likewise made 〈…〉 one of the Queens Privy Council; as also one 〈…〉 of the Commissioners for receiving Claims from those who were to perform certain services at the solemnity of her Coronation. And in the Parliament of 2 Eliz. wasCamd. Eliz. p. 11. the only person of the Peers, besides the Viscount Mountacute, who opposed the Bill for abolishing the Popes Supremacy, and Reformation of Religion.

But upon the one and twentieth of September, the same year, he departedCatal. of Nob. by R. B. this life, leaving issue by his first Wife, viz. Catal. of Nob. by R. B. Mary, Daughter to Thomas Lord Dacres of Gillesland, George his onlyCatal. of Nob. by R. B. Son and Successor (his younger Son Thomas dyingCatal. of Nob. by R. B. before, unmarried) and one Daughter called Anne, who was marriedJ • 15 in Officio Arm. 2792. to Iohn Lord Bray.

Which George, beingCamd. El •• . 572. a young Man in the time of Queen Mary, and his Father thenCamd. El •• . 572. General of the English Army against the Scots; commandedCamd. El •• . 572. under him three thousand Soldiers, and relievedCamd. El •• . 572. the Earl of Northumberland, then in danger at Lovick. After that he was Camd. El •• . 572. a Colonel of five hundred Horse, upon the Borders; and in 11 Eliz. had the custodyIbid. 147. of the Queen of Scots committed to his charge. Moreover, in 15 Eliz. upon the Arraignment 〈…〉 of the Duke of Norfolk, he was (for that present service) made 〈…〉 Lord High Steward of England: Moreover, after the death of that Duke (which soon after ensued) he was constituted 〈…〉 Earl Marshal of England.

And in 〈…〉 those ambiguous times, so preserved 〈…〉 himself against all outward machinations, calumnies at Court, and the mischievous practises of his second Wife, for full fifteen years; as that he thereby deserved 〈…〉 no less honor for his • idelity and Prudence, then he did for his Fortitude and Valor, as Mr. Camden hath very well observedIbid..

By his TestamentDrury 〈◊〉 . 86. bearing date 24 Iunii, An. 1590. (32 Eliz.) this Noble Earl bequeathed his Body to be buried at Sheffield in Com. Ebor. thereby likewise appointing, that the sum of two hundred pounds, should be yearly imployed for ever, unto the benefit of the poorest Artificers of the Town of Pontfract in Com. Ebor. for the increase of Trades and Occupations there; that is to say, That the Major of the said Town, and his Brethren, or the major part of them with the Major, by the assent of the Earl of Shrewsbury, for the time being, shall upon Munday in Whitson week, pay and lend unto every poor Artificer of the said Town, so far as the said Money will extend, the sum of five pounds for three years, then next following; putting in good and sufficient security, for the repayment thereof. And departingFF. in Officio Armorum, f. 240. this life 18 Novemb. the same year, was accordingly buried at Sheffield, where in his life time he erected a Noble Monument for himself, whereon is this Epitaph, viz.

Christo opt. max. & Posteritati Sacrum.

IN spem certam futurae resurrectionis, illustris hic conditur heros, Georgius Salopiae Comes, sui nobilissimi generis, longâ serie, à Normannorum conquestu derivati; nullaque unquam perfidiae labeculâ aspersi. Comitum ordine sextus; summus Regni Marescallus; à Talbotto, Furnivallo, Verdun, Lovetoft, Extraneoque de Blackmere, honoribus amplissimis, dominus insuper & Baro n • ncupatus: Garteriani quoque equestris ordinis, sanè praeclarissimi sodalis dignissimus. Francisci comitis unicus, qui supererat, • ilius & successor; omniumque virtutum, ex asse haeres. Qui, quantum Pacis, Bellique artibus; omnibusque corporis atque animi dotibus eximiis unitis potuit; id omne, secund • m pietatem in Deum, uni patriae, ejusque principibus impendere solebat: Vt, qui Mariae Reginae temporibus, in Northumbrensis Comitis succursum, à patre tum superstite, ac Belli duci primario, cum tribus armatorum millibus, ad Lowicum, in Scotiam, ire jussus, strenuè, summaque cum laude, bellicam illam praefec • uram administrabat: Parique cum laude, & non minori successu, paulo post Berwicum, hosti in occursum missus, quingentorum cataphrac • orum equitum cohortu stipatus fuit; concomitantibus Barone Grayo, strenuo equite Drurio, aliisque militaris scientiae peritissimis, Bellique principatum, tum gerente Westmario Comite. Deinde, regnante Elizabetha, Anglorum Reginâ, cum Scotorum Reginâ Mari • , prelio domi superatâ, in Angliam compulsa est; atque apud Scotici limitis praefectum primùm diverteret; donec in utriusque Regni perniciem, magna molire est comperta; huic illustri Comiti, tutiùs custodiends tradita An. MDLXVIII. Quem penès, honorificè & splendidè satis, usque annum MDLXXXIIII. per tria amplius lustra est hospitata, non sine magnâ ipsius hospitis impensâ, curaque anxiâ, vix exprimenda. Qui, divinâ providentiâ gubernante, in causâ tam arduâ, cujus magnitudo gravissima, utilitas publica fuit, tam laudate ac faeliciter se gessit, eum virum fidelem, non minus quàm providum, atque prudentem, ipsa invidia judicare debet. Quamque semper ab omni suspicione perfidiae fuerat 〈◊〉 , illud declarat; quod, li • et à malevolis, propter suspectam cum captivâ Regina familiaritatem sepiùs malè a • diret: Cum tamen ejusdem dem Reginae causa, ex Senatus Regni consultu à proceribus, in arce Fodringhamesi cognoscenda esset, inter magnates, qui reatus sui, in testimonium ac vindictam admittendi erant, hunc nobilissimum Comitem, serenissima Regina Elizabethae notum essev • luit: illumque, post judicium latum, ejusdem se • tentiae transactorem constituit; dato ab hoc Diplomate regio, magno Sigillo Angliae communito.

Ita vir iste, genere clarus, publicis bene gestis magistratibus clarior; domi ac soris clarissimus; illustris erga • rincipem, & patriam fidei, & summi apud omnes 〈◊〉 , quem ad fatalem maturae senectutis 〈◊〉 sine fortunae ludibrio perduxerat, aeterno 〈◊〉 spiritum à quo acceperat, firmum in Christo fidem, placid • & tranquillè reddidit, mensis

anno Redemptoris Christi MD ...

Ex priore conjuge D. Gartruda, Thomae Rutl • nd • ae Comitis nata, utriusque s • xus prolem suscepit egregiam: Franciscum scil. primogenitum, & superstitem, è vivis sublatum; Gilbertum • aeredem futurum; Edovardum, Henricum; Catherinam Herberto regulo copulatam, & sine sobole extinctam; Mariam, Georgio Savillo equiti desponsatam; & Graciam Henrico Cavendishii equitis haeredi, nuptum.

Whereby it appeareth, that the day and year of his death, are deficient; which his Executors never took care to supply; and whose neglect therein (as I have credibly heard) he did prophetically foretel.

Moreover, by a Tablet hanging in the East end of the Chancel of the same Church, it farther appeareth, That he was one of the Privy Council to Queen Elizabeth, Lord President of the North, Lieutenant of Stafford and Dervishtres; and that he had the custody of the Queen of Scots seventeen years. As also, that he gave five hundred pounds to the Town of Chesterfield in Com. Derb. to set up Tradesmen who had no stock to begin on; and that he was buried at Sheffield.

By Gertrude his first Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 of Thomas Mannors, Earl of Rutlan • , he had issue four Sons, viz. 〈…〉 Francis Lord Talbot, who, having married 〈…〉 Anne, the Daughter of William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, died 〈…〉 in his life time without issue. Gilbert, his Successor 〈…〉 both in Lands and Honors; Henry, who took to Wife 〈…〉 Elizabeth, the Daughter of William • Reyner, of Overton Longvile in Com. Hunt. And had issue by her two Daughters, his Heirs, scil. Gartrude married to Robert Pierpont of Holme-Pierpont in Com. Nott. Esquire (afterwards Earl of Kingston) and Mary to Sir William Airmin of Osnod •• in Com. Linc. Baronet. And Edward 〈…〉 , Successor in this Earldom to Gilbert (Henry departing this life before him,) as also three Daughters, viz. Catherine, Wife of Henry Lord Herbert, afterwards Earl of Pembroke; Mary of Sir George Savile of Barrowhy in Com. Linc. Knight; and Grace 〈…〉 of Henry Cavendish, Son and Heir to Sir William Cavendish of Chatsworth in Com. Derb. Knight.

To his second Wife, he married Elizabeth 〈…〉 , one of the Daughters, and at length Heirs to Iohn Hardwick, of Hardwick in Com. Derb. Esquire, (first married to ... Barlow of Barlow in Com. Derb. Esquire; secondly, to Sir William Cavendish of Chatsworth aforesaid, Knight, Treasurer of the Chamber to King Henry the Eighth; thirdly, to Sir William St. Lo Knight, Captain of the Guard to the same King Henry the Eighth.) Which Elizabeth surviving him, died 13 Apr. An. 1607. and lieth buried in Alhallows Church at Derby.

¶I come now to Gilbert, Gilbert. Son and Successor to the deceased Earl George.

This Gilbert in 15 Eliz. (his Father then living) wasCamd. E •• x. 236. one of those, who went over into France, with Edward, Earl of Lincoln, Lord Admiral of England, for confirming the League then made. And in 32 Eliz. (his Father still living) was summoned 〈…〉 to Parliament, and there sate as a Baron.

In 39 Eliz. he was sent Ambassador 〈…〉 into France, at which time, he used 〈…〉 these Titles in his Lodging-Escucheons, Gilbert Conte de Shrewsbury, Baron Talbot, Strange de Blackmere, Comyn de Badenagh, Valence, Montchensi, Furnival, Verdon, & Lovetot; Chivalier du tresnoble ordre de la Iarritiere.

In 1 Iac. he was constitutedPat. 1 Jac. p. 16. Guardian and Cheif Justice of all the Forests beyond Trent. And departing 〈…〉 this life, at his House in Broadstreet, London, Octavo Maii, An. 1616. (14 Iac.) was buried 〈…〉 at Sheffield with his Ancestors; having issue by Mary his Wife, Daughter 〈…〉 of Sir William Cavendish of Chatsworth, Knight. George, who died 〈…〉 in his infancy; and three Daughters, who surviving him, became Heirs to the greatest part of his Lands, viz. 〈…〉 Mary, Wife of William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke; Elizabeth of Henry, Earl of Kent; and Aletheia of Thomas, Earl of Arundel.

Whereupon the title of Earl divolved to Edward, Edward. his Brother and Heir-male; who took to WifeIbid. Ioane, the eldest Daughter and Coheir to Cuthbert Lord Ogle; but dyingIbid. in London, without issue surviving, 8 Febr. An. 1617. (15 Iac.) was privately buriedIbid. at Westminster.

Which Ioane departingEx Registro 〈…〉 this life in An. 1627. was, by the direction of her last Will and TestamentEx Registro 〈…〉 , buried at Westminster near her said Husband.

The Issue-male of the cheif Branch of this noble Family being thus spent, George Talbot George. 〈…〉 of Grafton in Com. Wigorn. Esquire, Lineal Heir to Sir Gilbert Talbot of Grafton, Knight Banneret, second Son to the famous Iohn, first Earl of Shrewsbury, of this House; to whose Issue-male the Earldom was limited, became Earl 〈…〉 ; whose Descendants do still enjoy that Honor. Of which Sir Gilbert, I have thought fit here to observe, That he hadLe • . 〈◊〉 Vol. 3▪ 186. Grafton, by the gift of King Henry the Seventh, which before Bosworth Field, belonged to the Staffords. Moreover, that he wasPol. Virg. 584. n. 30. in that expedition into Flanders, on the behalf of Maximilian the Emperor, against the French in 5 Hen. 7. And in 14 Hen. 7. upon the death of Pope Alexander the Sixth, was sentIbid. 615. n. 20. from King Henry (with the Abbot of Glastonbury) to congratulate the Election of his Successor, Pope Pius the Third.

Talbot of Ricards Castle.

¶HAving now done with the cheif Branches of this Noble and Antient Family, it will not be amiss to take notice, That Richard, a younger Son of that Richard Talbot, who married Sarab, Daughter of William Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, became first owner of Ricards Castle in Com. Heref. and other Lands of good value, by the marriage 〈…〉 of Ioane, one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Hugh de Mortimer of that place, about the beginning of Edward the Thirds time: And that to him succeeded 〈…〉 Sir Iohn Talbot of Ricards Castle, Knight; and to him another Iohn, who died 〈…〉 in 12 Rich. 2. then seised of the Hamlet of Wolfreton, as a Member of the Barony of Burford; as also of the Mannors of Hobrug-Hall; the Towns of Hatfield, Kellendon, Totham-Magna, and Woodham-Mortimer, in Com. Essex; the Mannor of Coderugge; and the moity of the Mannors of Hamm, Wich • aud, and Hamlet of Howelston, in Com. Wigorn. Also of the Mannor of Ricards-Castle, the moity of the Mannor of Rochesford, and Lordship of Blethenage, in the Marches of Wales: Leaving Elizabeth, the Wife of Sir Warine Archdekne Knight; Philippa, the Wife of Sir Matthew Gourney Knight; and Eleanor Talbot, (then unmarried) his Sisters and Heirs: Elizabeth being then twenty four years of age; Philippa twenty one, and Eleanor sixteen; who doing 〈…〉 their homage the same year, had Livery 〈…〉 of those Lands.

Of this Family were likewise the Talbots; sometime of Bashall, and now of Thorneton, in Com. Ebor. Being lineally descended from William Talbot (a younger Son of Geffrey) Governor 〈…〉 of the Castle of Hereford, 5 Steph. And shortly after, Enfeoffed 〈…〉 of the Mannor of Gauesburgh in Com. Linc. by Roger Lord Moubray. Some of the Descendants of which William, did antiently relate 〈…〉 to the Lacies, Lords of Pontfract, and Earls of Lincoln; and had their Estates much augmented by them, viz Thomas, whose Residence (and his Ancestors before him, for a long time) was at Hudresfield, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, constituted 〈…〉 Governor of Cletherow Castle in Comitat. Lanc. by Edmund Lord Lacy, Constable of Chester, temp. Hen. 3. having of his gift 〈…〉 (in 37 Hen. 3.) the Mannors of • ashall and Mitton in Com. Ebor. to himself and his heirs in Feefarm, paying seven pound ten shillings seven pence per annum.

Likewise Edmund (Son of that Thomas) who being made Steward 〈…〉 of Blackburnshire, 28 Edw. 1. to Henry Lacy, then Earl of Lincoln; in 32 Edw. 1. was in that notable expedition then made into Scotland, by the same King; where (as a reward for his service) he obtained a Charter 〈…〉 of Free-Warren, in all his Demesn Lands of Bashall and Mitton before specified; as also in those at Hapton in Comitat. Lanc. bearing date at Strivelin, in 34 Edw. 1. In which year (amongst many others) upon that great solemnity of making Prince Edward Knight, by Bathing, and other sacred Ceremonies he received 〈…〉 that dignity.

Clifford.

THe first of this Antient and Noble Family, of whom I find mention, was called Ponce Ponce. Domes • . in iisd. Comitat., who had issue three Sons, viz. Domes • . in iisd. Comitat. Walter, Drogo, (id est, Dru) and Richard.

Of Walter and Drogo, the Conquerors Survey takes notice; and that Walter Walter 1. did then possess Ibid. the Lordships of A • lford, Westwell, and Alwoldsbe • y in Com. Oxon. As also part of Lece in Com. Gloc. And that Drogo held Segry, • olesell, and Aldrinton, in Com. Wilts. Franton, and part of Lece, in Com. Gloc. Holim, Stilledun, Glese, and Merly, in Com. Wigorn. As also Recesford, Dodintune, Burestanestune, Ruvenore, Hanly, and Matine, in Com. Heref. But from Richard it is, that the Line was perserved. Which Richard Richard. being calledHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 177. Richard de Pwns, obtainedHistory of Wales by D. Powel, p. 177. by the gift of King Henry the First, the Cantres of Bychan, and Castle of Lhanymdhyry in Wales. Moreover, with the consentMon. Ang • . Vol 1. 366 a. n. 20. of Ma • d his Wife, and Simon his Son, he was a notable Benefactor to the Priory of Malverne in Com. Wigorn. For it appearsMon. Ang • . Vol 1. 366 a. n. 20., that he gave thereunto, the Church of his Castle at Cantarabohath, with two Carucates of Land, and the whole Tithes of his Revenues in that place. Likewise, the Church of Lecton, with one Hide, and one Yard Land in that Town; together with all the Tithes of that Lordship; as also the Tithes of his Lordship in Estraddel called Becchen: And had issue three Sons, viz. Ibid 623 b. n. 20. Simon, Simon. Founder Ibid 623 b. n. 20. of the Priory at Clifford in Com. Heref. Walter, who first seating himself there, assumed that place for his sirname, and Richard.

Which Walter, Walter 2. being calledMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 48 a. n. 10 & 20. Walter the Son of Richard, Son of Ponce, gaveMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 48 a. n. 10 & 20. to the Cannons of Haghmon in Com. Salop. his Mills at Tamedbury; and afterwards (by the name of Walter de Clifford) gaveIbid. 884 b. n. 50. to the Nuns of Godstow in Com. Oxon. for the health of the Soul of Margaret his Wife, and for the Soul of Rosamond his Daughter, his Mill at Framton in Com. Gloc. As also a little Meadow, lying near it, called Lechton, in pure and perpetual Alms.

In 3 Hen. 2. this Walter was GovernorHistory of Wales ut supra p. • 09. of the Castle at L • hanyndhyry; and (whenHistory of Wales ut supra p. • 09. Roger, Earl of Clare, (having obtained of King Henry, all such Lands, as he could win from the Welsh) came with an Army to • ardigan, and fortified divers Castles in those parts) he made an Incursion History of Wales ut supra p. • 09. upon the Lands of Rees ap Griffith, Prince of South Wales, slewHistory of Wales ut supra p. • 09. many of his people, and returnedHistory of Wales ut supra p. • 09. with much booty.

In 12 Hen. 2. this Walter possessedLib. Rub. in Scac • . sub tit▪ Salop. the Lordships of Corfham, Culminton, Hay, Ernestry, and Leschines, in Com. Salop. And gave MS. in Bibl. Cort. n. sub • ffigie Domitiani A. 8. f▪ 157 b. to the Monks of S. Peters Abby at Glocester; his Mannor of East Leech, in exchange for the Lordship of Glasbury, excepting to those Monks the Advowson of the Church at Glasbury. Moreover, he gaveMon. Angl. Vol▪ 2. 48 a. • . 40. to the before specified Canons of Haghmon, certain Lands in Sinetune; and left issue two Sons, viz. Walter Ibid. 885 a., his Son and Heir, and Richard Ibid. 884 b. n. 10.; from whom the Cliffords of Framtone, in Glocestershire, didEx Coll. • . • l. S. descend. Which Richard, in 2 Rich. 1. gave three hundred marks Fine, for Livery of his Lands.

This Walter also had issue two Daughters, viz. Lucia 〈…〉 , first married 〈…〉 to Hugh de Say (of Ricards Castle) afterwards to 〈…〉 Bartholomew de Mortimer, and Rosamond 〈…〉 the Concubine of King Henry the Second; on whom that King begot William sirnamed Longspe, Earl of Sarum, (as I shall in due Place shew.) Which Rosamond died 〈…〉 in the life time of her Father, and was buried 〈…〉 by Margaret her Mother, in the Quire of the Nunnery at Godstow near Oxford. For the health of whose Soul, Osbert Fitz-Hugh (a great Baron in Herefordshire) at her said Fathers request 〈…〉 (and by the assent 〈…〉 of King Henry) gave 〈…〉 to those Nuns, one Salt-work in Wiche, called the Cow, belonging to his Mannor of Wichevald.

This was that beautiful Lady, for whom king Henry builtIbid. that famous Labyrinth at Woodstock, where he kept her soIbid., that she could not easily be found by his jealous Queen; and gave her a CabinetIbid. of such admirable workmanship, that on it, The fighting of Champions, the moving of Cattel, the flying of Birds, and swimming of Fishes were so exquisitely represented, as if they had been alive. But, after the death of King Henry, there was little regard had to her memory: ForIbid. when Hugh, Bishop of Lincoln, in An. 1191. (2 Rich. 1.) visiting his Diocess, came to Godstow; and went up to the Altar to do his Devotions, observing an Herse covered with Silk, and divers Lamps burning about it, which the Nuns, at that time, had in great veneration; he inquiredIbid. of the standers by, whose it was: And they answeringIbid., It was the fair Rosamonds, whom King Henry so dearly loved; and for whose sake he had been a munificent Benefactor to their poor House; by giving large Revenues, for the maintenance of those Lights; he repliedIbid., Take her hence, for she was a Whore, and the Kings affections to her were unlawful and adulterous; and bury her out of the Church, with other common people; to the end, that Religion be not vilified, and that other Women may be terrified from such adulterous practises. Whereupon they did so.

It is saidIbid. n. 50. elswhere, that her Body was buried in the Chapter-house of that Nunnery, with this Epitaph.

Hic jacet in Tumbâ Rosa mundi, non Rosa munda, Non redolet, sed olet, quae redolere solet.

I now come to Walter de Clifford, the eldest Son of the last Walter. Walter 3. This Walter, whilst his Father lived, was calledMon. Angl. Vol▪ 2. 885 a. Walter de Clifford junior, and took to WifeIbid. 646 a. • t 〈◊〉 . n. 10. Agnes, the sole Daughter and Heir to Roger de Cundi, Lord of the Mannors of Cavenby and Glentham in Com. Linc. (by Alice Ibid. 646 a. • t 〈◊〉 . n. 10. his Wife, Lady of Horn Castle, in that County, sole Daughter and Heir to William de Cheney, Lord of Cavenby and Glentham, in the Conquerors time, as is said.) By whom he had issue four Sons, viz. Regist. de H • ghmon▪ Walter, Roger, Giles, and Richard.

In 1, 8, 9 & 17 Ioh. (then called Walterus junior,) he was SheriffRot. Pip. de iisd. Ann. of Herefordshire. But all that I have farther seen of him, is, That by the consentMon. Angl. Vol. 2. 646 • . n. 50. of Agnes his Wife, he confirmed Mon. Angl. Vol. 2. 646 • . n. 50. to the Monks of Barklings in Com. Linc. certain Lands lying in Cavenby and Glentham, which they had purchased from the Abbots of Lykes and Neuhus; as also, that he gaveIbid. 647 • . n. 40. to the Gilbertines at Brodholme in Com. Nottingh. the Church of S. Helen at Hornhag, and site of a Mill in the Moor betwixt Hornhag and Drengesha. And departedRot. Fin. 7 H. 3. m. 7. this life in 7 H • n. • . as it seems; for it appearsRot. Fin. 7 H. 3. m. 7., that Walter, Walter 4. his Son and Heir, then accounting one hundred pound for his Relief, had Livery of the Barony, descended to him by the death of his Father: But in considerationIbid. of his good and faithful services to that King, had a dischargeIbid. of Fourscore and fourteen pounds, and six shillings, thereof: And in 12 Hen. 3. was constituted Governor Pat. 12. H. • . m. 5. of the Castles of Caermerdin and Cardigan. Moreover, in 13 Hen. 3. upon levying the Scutage of Kery (in Wales) he was acquittedRot. Pip. 13 H 3. Here • . for nine Knights Fees; and in 14 H. 3. obtained the Kings PreceptRot. Fin. 14 H. 3. m. 4. to the Barons of his Exchequer to discharge him of twenty four pound which he had borrowed in Ireland, in the time of King Iohn, and likewiseRot. Fin. 14 H. 3. m. 4. of ten marks more, as part of his Relief.

In 16 Hen. 3. upon the death of Roger, his younger Brother, he gaveRot. Fin. 16 H. 3. m. 7. one hundred pound Fine to the King, for the Wardship and Marriage of his Heir: But in 17 Hen. 3. adheringMat. Paris, in an. 1233. p. 387. n. • 0. to Richard Maresebal, Earl of Pembroke, then in Arms upon specious pretences (which the King looked upon as Rebellious) he was outl • wedIbid., and his Lands bestowedIbid. on those Poictovins, who then bore all the sway. Whereupon command Rot. Fin. 17 H. 3. m. 5. was given to the Sheriff of Shropshire, to seise his Castle and Mannor of Corfham. Howbeit, this displeasure lasted not long; for the year following his Castle of Clifford, which he had givenPat. 18 H. 3. m. 15. up as a pledge for his fidelity, was rendredPat. 18 H. 3. m. 15. to him again.

In 25 Hen. 3. uponHistory of Wales by D. Powel▪ 303. that accord made betwixt Senena, Wife of Griffith, Son of Lewelin, Prince of North Wales, and King Henry; this Walter wasHistory of Wales by D. Powel▪ 303. one of the Pledges for her, in the name of her Husband; that full performance should be made thereof.

In 38 Hen. 3. upon the Aid then levied for making the Kings eldest Son Knight, he answered Rot. Pip. 38 H. 3. Her • s. for nine Knights Fees. In 41 Hen. 3. being Claus. 41 H. 3. in dorso m. • . one of the Barons Marches, he was commanded Claus. 41 H. 3▪ in dorso m. • . to assist Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, in defending the Marches of Wales, betwixt Montgomery and the Earl of Glocesters Lands.

In 42 Hen. 3. he had commandClaus 42 H. 3. m. 11. in dorso. to attend the King at Chester, upon Monday next before the Feast of S Iohn Baptist, with Horse and Arms, to oppose the hostile Incursions of the Welsh.

In 44 Hen. 3. he was requiredClaus. 44 H. 3. m. 17. (with other of the Barons Marchers) to assist Roger de Mortimer, in defence of the Marches, against the like Incursions.

In 47 Hen. 3. he had commandClaus. 47 H. 3. in dorso m. 17. to be at Hereford, upon the third day after the Epiphany, well appointed with Horse and Arms, for defence of those parts against the Welsh. And at the Coronation of Queen Eleanor, Wife to King Henry the Third, with the rest of the Barons Marchers, he claimed 〈…〉 as Ius Marchiae to carry the Canopy, which belonged to the Barons of the Cinque Ports.

As to his Works of Piety, he gave 〈…〉 to the Canons of Haghmon in Shropshire, his Mills at Culmitone and Sinetune, for the maintenance of their Kitchin; with one Yard-Land in Sinetune, and a Messuage there belonging to those Mills: To 〈…〉 the Monks of Dore, all Nanteglas and • arleturmaur (a large Territory, set forth in his Grant by Metes and Bonds) as also divers Lands 〈…〉 in Cantersclyff. And on the Nunns of Acornbury in Herefordshire, he bestowed 〈…〉 certain Lands in Corsham.

He married Margaret 〈…〉 Daughter to Lewelyn Prince of Wales, and Widow of Iohn de Braose: Which Margaret, surviving him, bequeathed 〈…〉 her Heart to be Buried in the Church of the Nunns at Acornbury, with fifteen marks Sterling, for performing the solemnity at the sepulture thereof; and left issue, by her, one onely Daughter his 〈…〉 Heir, called Maud, 〈…〉 , first married 〈…〉 to William de Longspe Earl of Sarum (who had 〈…〉 with her in Frank-marriage • ulmintone, in Comit. Salop. then vallued at twenty eight pounds eight shillings and two pence; but in case it did not reach, then to be made out in Corfham, in part of two hundred pounds per annum, which he was to give her) and afterwards to 〈…〉 Sir Iohn Giffard of Brimsfield. Which Maude, by his consent, gave 〈…〉 to the Canons of Barlings in Com. Linc. the Lordships of Cavenby, and Glentham, in that County.

This Walter died 〈…〉 in 48 Hen. 3.

Having now finished my discourse of him, I come to Roger 〈…〉 his Brother, from whom the succeeding Barons of this Family did descend.

In 15 Ioh. this Roger had 〈…〉 the Honor of Kinton, in Com. Heref. committed to his custody. And in 1 Hen. 3. had a Grant 〈…〉 of the Mannor of Axeford, part of the Possessions of Ralph de la Bruere, then in Armes against the King, to hold during pleasure▪ In 13 Hen. 3. upon levying the scutage of Kery, he was acquitted 〈…〉 for nineteen Knights Fees, which were of the inheritance of Sibill his Wife (Daughter 〈…〉 and Coheir of Robert de Ewyas, a great Baron in Herefordshire) Widow 〈…〉 of ... Tregoz in regard he was personally in that Expedition.

In 14 Hen. 3. he attended 〈…〉 the King into Britanny; and being there, obtained a Grant 〈…〉 of the Marriage of Hawyse the Widow of Iohn Boterell, for the behoof of Roger his Son and Heir.

But more I cannot say of him, then that 〈…〉 by the advice of Sibill his Wife, he bequeathed 〈…〉 his Body to be buried in the Church of the Abby of Dore, near to the Grave of one of his Sons (who died in his lifetime:) also that he thereupon confirmed 〈…〉 to the Monks of that House, all those Lands which William de Ewyas had formerly given them, for which he himself had questioned 〈…〉 their Title: and that he departed 〈…〉 this life in 16 Hen. 3. Whereupon Walter de Clifford his elder Brother, and then living, had a grant 〈…〉 from the King of the Custody of his Lands, with the Wardship and Marriage of his Heir; whose name was also Roger.

This Roger upon levying the Ayd for marrying the Kings eldest Daughter in 29 Hen. 3. paid 〈…〉 nineteen pounds for those nineteen Knights fees which he had by descent from Robert de Ewyas (his Grandfather by the Mother.) And in 43 Hen. 3. he attended 〈…〉 the King in his expedition then made into France.

In 46 Hen. 3. he was prohibited 〈…〉 to tilt; to appear in Armes, without licence; especially during the Kings aboad beyond Sea.

And in 47 Hen. 3. received commandClaus. 47 H. 3 in dorso, m. 15. to attend the King at Hereford, upon the third day after the Epiphany, well fitted with Horse and Armes, to restrain the incursions of the Welch. The same year, being made Governor Rot. Fi • . 47 H •• . • . m. • . of the Castle of • e • leburgh and Lutgarshull, in Com. Wilts. he was seduced by the Rebellious Barons, under the specious pretence of asserting the Laws and peoples Liberties; and being MS in bibl. 〈◊〉 . 8. V. • . Th. f. 136. a. in Armes upon that account, did much mischief, by divers sacrilegious actings, and otherwise: for which, together with Montfort Earl of Leicester, and many more, he underwent the sentenceMS. in bibl. 〈◊〉 . 8. V. • . Th. f. 136. a. of Excommunication denounced against them by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury. But the next ensuing year he fellM. Paris i • ann. 1263. p. 992. n. 20. off from those seeming Patriots; and being with Ibid. in ann. 1264. p. n. 50. 993. the King at the siege of Northampton, (where he had such notable success against them) was soon after made GovernorPat. 48. H. 3. m. 19. of the Castle at Gloucester, and Shiriff of that County.

Shortly after which, he hasted into Wales; and with Roger de Mortimer and other of the Barons-Marchers, gaveLel. Co •• Vol. 1. 660. Battle to Prince Leweline, who had confederated with Montfort and his Fellow-Rebells, to make a disturbance in those parts. And whenM. Paris, ut supra, p. 996. n. 50. he heard of the fatal overthrow, which the King had received in the Battle of Lewes, and that he was a Captive in the hands of that insolent Rebell Montfort Earl of Leicester; disdaining that his Soveraign should long abide in that sad condition; he joynedM. Paris, ut supra, p. 996. n. 50. with Mortimer and other of the loyal Barons, and raisedM. Paris, ut supra, p. 996. n. 50. such a power against those prowd Usurpers, as brought them soon after to apparent ruineIbid. 997▪ n. 50. in the Battle of Evesham.

Moreover, having so stoutly adhered to the King in his greatest distresses; after his deliverance by that happy victory at Evesham, in part of reward, for those eminent services, he obtained the CustodyPat. 49 H. 〈◊〉 m. 11. of the Lands of Isabel one of the Daughters and Coheirs to Robert de Vipount (a great Baron in the North) and was madeIbid. Justice of all the Kings Forests on the South of Trent, as alsoCart. 49 〈◊〉 3. m. 1. a grant of the Lordship of Kingsbury, in Com. Warw. by reason of the forfeiture of Sir Ralph de Bracebrigge, Knight.

Which Robert de Vipount, having beenPat. 50 H. 3. m. 〈◊〉 of the party of those rebellious Barons, diedPat. 50 H. 3. m. 〈◊〉 before his Composition was made for that transgression: but so great were the Merits of this Roger de Clifford, whose son Roger married Isabel; and of Roger de Leyburne, who had to Wife Ivetta, the two Daughters and Coheirs of the same Robert de Vipount; that nothingPat. 50 H. 3. m. 〈◊〉 of fine was exacted from either of them for their Fathers offence. Nor was this all, but in farther contemplation Pat. 50 〈◊〉 3. m. 1. of the notable assistance, and singular vallor of this Roger, manifested in divers sharp conflicts, then had with those rebellious Barons; the King totally remittedPat. 50 〈◊〉 3. m. 1. to him a debt of three hundred ninety nine pounds, and seventeen shillings, which otherwise he was to have paid.

The Lands of which Robert de Vipoun • were in 51 Hen. 3. sharedClaus. 51 H. 3. m. 〈◊〉 by Roger the Son of this Roger, and Roger de Leyburne, according to an equal extent.

Shortly after which, viz. in 53 H. 3. he was constitutedPat. 53 H. 〈◊〉 m. 12. one of the Justices Itinerant for the Counties of Roteland, Surrey, Southampton, Dorset, Somerset, and Gloucester; and the same year was 〈…〉 one of the Sureties for that great Rebel Robert de Ferrers Earl of Derby, as to the payment of fifty thousand pounds, all upon one day, for the redemption of his forfeited Lands. But in 54 Hen. 3. being signedPat. 54 〈◊〉 3. m. 11. with the Cross, in order to an expedition with Prince Edward to the Holy-La • d, he wentH. Knighton 2438 31. thither accordingly. After this, viz. in 1 E. 1. beingEx Coll. R. GL •• in Off • c. 〈…〉 at St. George (near the Castle of Beaufort in France) he contractedEx Coll. R. GL •• in Off • c. 〈…〉 matrimony with the Countess of Lauretania, whom he enfeoffed before marriage in the mannor of Weverham, in Cheshire. And in 2 Edw. 1. was sent 〈…〉 in Commission (with others) unto the Ford of Montgomerie in Wales, to examine, hear, and reform the wrongs and trespasses done by Prince Lewlelyn, contrary to the form of Peace concluded betwixt K. Henry the third and him.

Moreover, in 5 Ed. 1. he was madePat. • . E. 1. m. 9. Governor of Erdeslegh Castle in Herefordshire. And in 8 Edw. 1. constitutedPat. 8 Ed. 1. m. 24. one of the Justices of the Kings Forests in Hantshire (being then calledPat. 8 Ed. 1. m 34. Roger de Clifford Senior) and likewise Justice.T. Wal • . in ann. 1282. of Wales, in which Office having been somewhat oppressive (as may seem by certain ComplaintsHist. of Wales by D. Powel. 356. 357. made against him) he was surprisedT. Walf. in ann. 1282. p. 9. n. 30. upon Palm-Sunday in the Castle of Hawardyne (in Flintshire) by David Son to the Prince of Wales; who then, contrary T. Wal • . in ann. 1282. p. 9. n. 30. to his faith broke out into open hostility. Which being made known to the King, he soon marched 〈…〉 thither with an Army: but in one of the Skirmishes he had there with the Welch, Roger his Son, called Roger de Clifford Iunior, was unhappily slain 〈…〉 upon St Leonards day, betwixt Snowdon and Anglesey, by inadvertently passingLel. Coll▪ Vol. 1. 679. Newy Bridge over the River Conwey; upon whose death Isabell his Widdow (Daughter and Coheir to Robert de Vipount) doing her Homage, had LiveryRot. Fin. 〈…〉 1. m. 22. of her Lands; this Roge • his Father surviving him: who about four years afterwards; scil. in 14 Edw. 1. departed Rot. Fin. 14 Edw. 1. m. 14. this life; whereupon CommandRot. Fin. 14 Edw. 1. m. 14. was given to seize all his Goods and Chattels for certain debts, which he owed to the King; but with exceptionRot. Fin. 14 Edw. 1. m. 14. from medling with the Jewels of the Countess of Laurcetania his Wife.

To whom succeeded 〈…〉 Robert de Clifford 〈…〉 his Grandson and Heir; viz. Son to Roger his Son, (so slain as hath been observed) being nine years of age in 11 Edw. 1. which Robert was Cousin 〈…〉 and Heir to Ralph de Gaugy; and in 13 E. 1. paid 〈…〉 an hundred pound for his relief.

In Anno 1300. (22 Edw. 1.) he was one of the Peeres in the Parliament then held at Lincoln, who subscribed that Letter to the Pope, whereby they declared King Edwards right to the superiority in Dominion of the Re