THE Gospel-Pattern for the Government of GOSPEL-CHURCHES.
ADAM, and in him his whole posterity falling, God in Christ ordained the rest auration of some few of his miserable off-spring: For the accomplishing whereof God institutes a Ministery to preach repentance to men in their lost estate; which as many as are ordained to eternall life believe, Act. 13.48. and so come to be added to the Church, Act 2.47.
This Ministery is a preparatory Ministery, Mat. 3.3. preached to the world, Act. 26.18. which is not pertaining to Moses Ministery, Mat. 11.13. nor is it of the Church or Kingdome-Ministery, Mat. 11.11. It was to work on unbelievers only, Luk 3.5. and was exercised among unbelievers in Synagogues, Act. 18.4. & 19.8, 9. and differed from Church-Teaching answering to our Catechising, Act. 8.30 31, 34. And in the matter taught: as appears in the Epistle of James, written to men of the world; and the first Epistle of John, written to the children of God; with the other Epistle, whose Scripture name is [...] Preacher, 2 Tim. 1.11. Gal. 6 6. Catechist. Rom. 2.18. [...], Ministers to the blind, &c. who is said [...] to preach, ver. 21.
God having called his by the preparatory Ministery thus out of the world, did for the effcting of his purpose ordain holy Ordinances in which they should enjoy communion with himself and a holy fellowship among themselves, by which they may be kept holy to God here, and be made fit for eternall life hereafter. [Page 2] which Society the Scriptures call [...] a Church, in which as in another Ark, God saves his Elect from being destroyed with the world, 1 Pet. 3.20, 21.
This Church is, A visible society of Saints, 1 Cor. 1.2. Rom. 1.7. Phil. 1.1. consisting of Infants, Youth, and Fathers, 1 John 2.13. Joh. 21.16, 17. who are drawn out of the world by the call of the Gospel, 2 Cor. 6.17. Mat. 13.47, 48. Rev. 18.4. and are joyned by spirituall bonds and tyes one to another, Col. 2.19. Act 17.4. Eph 4.16. before Baptisme by a Profession of Faith, Act. 8.36, 37 38 and Confession of sinnes, Mat. 3.6. Act. 2.38. And then Sacramentally joyned to Christ, by which they were said to be added to the Church, Act. 2.41. Both of these are joyned together, 2 Cor. 8.5. 1 Iohn 1.3. And is conceived as a favour to those thus united. God gave the benefit of Church-fellowship to their posterity also, Act 2.39. 1 Cor. 7.14. who are called in the Scripture, Brethren, 1 Cor. 16.20. Ephes. 6.23. Phil. 4 21. Col. 4.15.
The Government of this society God committed to his Son Jesus Christ, who for supply of his absence did ordain severall Offices to be committed to faithfull men, and to be imployed therein under Christ for the edification and government thereof untill he come, Mat. 25.14. to the 19. verse.
These Officers in the Scripture are called either Teaching, or Ruling Elders, 1 Tim. 5.15.
Teaching Elders are either such by whom the Scriptures came to be given to the Church, which are Apostles and Prophets only, whose Ministery (as Moses and the Prophets under that administration, Luke 16.29) is extraordinarily exercised in the Church, 1 Cor. 5.4. Ephes. 2.20. & 4.13. Or the ordinary Church-Ministery, who are only to teach the Word for the Churches edification to the end; which are Evangelists, Pastors, and Teachers, 1 Cor. 12.28. where all besides Apostles and Prophets are called Teachers, and are of one equall number; which Teachers are nominally set down, Ephes. 4.11. to be Evangelists, &c.
The Preacher without, but especially the Teacher and Pastor within the Church, are Co-workers or helpers of the Evangelist in the Ministry, Phil. 4.3. 2 Cor. 8.23. Rom. 16.21. Col. 4 10, 11. [Page 3] whereby they are said to minister one to another, the one preparing men for the others society, 1 Pet. 4.10. which is done in the exercising of severall gifts, given them by the Church to minister by, Rom. 12.7, 8 1 Pet. 4.10. 2 Tim. 1.6. 1 Cor. 12.4. They differ in the Ordinances they administer, 1 Cor. 12.5. 1 Cor. 1.17. 1 Cor. 3.8. and in the doctrines they taught, 1 Cor. 12.8. 1 Cor. 14.6. Rom. 12.6, 7, 8. their Ministry differed in operation, 1 Cor. 12.6. Eph. 4.12. Col. 2.7. which are illustrated, 1 Cor. 14.7, 8. in the Harp, Pipe and Trumpet, which are differing instruments, which are to give a distinction in sounds, that it may be known what is piped or harped, one of these was not to do that pertained to the others Ministry, Acts 10.48. 1 Cor. 1.17.
These all as a Church-Ordinance, are to be called for of the sick in time of sicknesse, who are to pray for them James 5.14.15. as to governe and to teach them in health.
At the administration of the Lords Supper, the whole Church under this threefold ministry, are to meet in one place and partake thereof together, 1 Cor. 11.20. singing Psalmes, reading the word, Col. 2.19. Luk. 4.16. 1 Thess. 5.27. collect for the poor, 1 Cor. 16.1, 2.
As these assisted the Evangelists in the worke of Ministry, so are they to assist him also in Governement.
So that Governement is the proper worke of the whole Church-Ministry, and is not to be exercised but by them all, it being joyntly committed of Christ to them to rule, and the People commanded of God to obey them; so only, and nowhere otherwise, Acts 20.28. 1 Cor. 4.1. 1 Tim. 5.17. 1 Thess. 5.12. That Ecclesiasticall Governement pertaines to these only appears, Heb. 13.7. they are to obey those only that have spoken the word to them, ver. 17. because they watch for their souls, and are to give accompt to God for them, who have as much committed to them to doe as can be done hereby, Eph. 4.12, 14.
Hence an act of Church-Government, done by any other [Page 4] then these, is not done according to the Gospell; or if done by one without a meeting of all in a Confession is not to be judged Authoritative.
The Church may question the Rulers, when they do in Ministry or Government go against the Rule, Acts 11.3, 4.
Ecclesiasticall Government consists chiefly in these things.
In the orderly doing of things, 1 Cor. 14.33, 40. ordering the Saints lives, 1 Thess. 5.14. 2 Thess. 3.6. In the admitting of members, Acts 2.41. Matth. 13.30. Acts 17.4. as members were fitted, to passe them from society to society, 2 Cor. 3.18. Evangelically predicted, Psal. 84.7. done by tryall of gifts, 1. Cor. 14.31. Ordination of Ministers, 1 Tim. 4.14. for preventing scandals Matth. 13.41. Rom. 14.13. among the members, 1 Cor. 12.25. and 8.9. and offending the world, Col. 4.5. 1 Cor. 10.32. to cast out the profane and hereticall, Matth. 13.41. 1 Cor. 5.4, 5. 1 Tim. 1.20. Titus 3.10. to restore the humbled, 2 Cor. 2.8. suspension from society 2 Thess. 3.14. for a time who are to be accompted as brethren, but those are excommunicated as Heathens.
Ruling Elders had their severall charges committed to them for the right ordering of temporall things in the Church under Christ.
Deacons had their Election of the People, and Ordination by the Imposition of hands of the Presbytery, Acts 6.36. who are to be in all compleat constituted Churches, seven for number, ver. 3. who were to distribute in each society the Saints contributions to their poore brethren, according to the nature of their severall necessities, compare ver. 1. and 3. two of which were for each Church-society and one to have respect to those of the Preachers meeting without the Church.
The helping Governour spoken of 1 Cor. 12.28. Rom. 12.8. his Ordination is of the Church without Imposition of hands by the Presbytery, 1 Cor. 6.4. that that qualifieth him is his wisedome, v. 5, that for which he is ordained to be a Judge, v. 4. the things he is to judge of, are things of this life, small matters of wrong between brother and brother, and then whence this [Page 5] officer is to be, and that is set downe to be from among themselves a member of the same Church, ver. 5. whose authority is confirmed by Conclusions drawne from the greater to the lesse, ver. 2.3. who are to be honoured in the Church and obeyed, 1 Tim. 5.17.
Object. This Church-Magistracie serves to destroy the authority of the Civil Magistrate.
Resp. The Church-Magistrate is to be subject to the Civil Magistrate as to the higher Power, Rom. 13.1. is not to rule by the command of the sword at all, but by the Word only, and so cannot prejudice that Authority: and was set up to prevent going to Law, 1 Cor. 6, 7. not before Heathens only, but any other: and is far lesse then what is granted ordinary Incorporations; when no Society deserves more ample freedoms under Magistracie then the Church, for whose sake God blesseth a people. It was a priviledge that the Church enjoyed under the Heathen Emperours, untill made waste in the desolations of the Church. Nor can the office be made void by any change of States, it being ordained by Divine institution, and so to be a part of the Churches perpetual Government, so that the Church cannot be rightly governed, whiles this Governour is not set up to govern by according to the mind of Christ in 1 Cor. 6. And were Churches to be collected in this Kingdom, as they shall, and ought to be; there is the same reason for them now that ever there was; and that Church-government that destroyeth this Church-governour, is not of God nor of the Gospel. Nor can there be produced out of all the Gospel any Institution or discovery of the Helping governours office but in this place; and it cannot be that a Governour belonging to the government of the Gospel, should not have authority from the Gospel to rule by, and Instructions how to do it, and how this authority should be conferred on him; which is of none, nor no where, but of this officer in this place, who hath his authority of God and not of man, and therefore may not be suppressed.
The way God had to set up this government, was by the Apostles called and sent of God to preach the Word, by which they made Disciples and gathered the believing Iewes into a Society according to the way aforesaid; which Church was called [Page 6] the Mother-church, where the Presbyterie of that Church did ordain holy and fit men for the Ministry, and did send them forth to gather other Churches in Iudaea and in the places thereabout, 1 Cor: 14.36. The Apostle Paul and Barnabas with their other helpers, as in all the Epistles, did first set up the gospel-Churches in the chief cities of the Nations, who sent out thence to other cities of the same country in like manner, and to such other places as in those times would admit of the Gospel-government, which did thus continue untill Antichrist that abomination of desolation had destroyed the visible frame of the churches government in all the world.
Now God having ordained a resurrection of Churches to be under the Ministry of the seventh Angel who receives his trumpet from God, Rev. 8.2. by which he comes to restore rightly the true Ministry into the Church, by whom a true Gospel-Church shall be erected, who shall be mother of many daughter Churches, which shall be called therefore the New Ierusalem spoken of Rev. 3.12. & 21.2. by whose Ministry is foretold to be the fall of the Cities of the Nations, Rev. 16.19. that is from Antichrist to Christ. Which Minister, Ministery, and Means we have great cause to pray God to send; we nor the world being like to see a day of true peace before his Ministry, it being reserved for him and his Ministry to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, that is, to let us know how they did worship God, as yet hid from us: and turne the hearts of the children to the fathers, that is, perswade us to worship God as they did, which we are far off from to this very day; Mal. 4.6. before which time, I am verily perswaded there will be be no place for any other Government ever to be erected or set up. Such mercy hath God for these last times, and so near is the Kingdome of God at hand, and as it were ready to be revealed, Rev. 12.10. unto which the Lord stir up the Spirits of his Saints to enter, that the Kingdome of Heaven may suffer violence, and the violent take it by force, that it may be in us and with us for evermore. Amen.