CHAP. I.
The Argument.
How Jonah's sent to Niniveh
But he withstood Gods call,
In turning off another way,
And's swallowed by a whale.
IN antient times as Scriptures do record
In Isra'l dwelt a prophet of the Lord.
Jona by name, son of Amittais youth,
To whom the Lord sent forth his word of truth,
He long had preacht to Isra'ls ten tribes
Converts them not, but gains their mocks and gibes;
Now God doth see by means they do not profit
When they should hear the word, they rather scof it,
Their hearts are hard, means makes them not amend
Another way God will their prophet send:
The light from heaven must not always shine
What God doth give he sometimes takes again.
Observation from Gods sending Jonah to Niniveh out of Israel when he preacht but did not profit.
When trees are barren, do not bring forth fruit
The gardener will pluck 'em up by the root,
When men have means for growth, but do not grow
God will not ta [...]y but away will go,
When truth appears but truth men do not love
Nor means nor mercies, carefully improve
For their cheif good: their day is turn'd to night
And darkness covers them instead of light;
The means they had before God will remove it,
And give it those that better will improve it;
When by the means they do not bring forth fruit
Those shall have means, that by the means will do't
On mine embassage Jona thou must go
And hast away th' assirian city to
That is so great, so full, and of such fame
Through all the world: 'tis Niniveh by name.
And when thou comest there in herald-wise
Declare thy message, though they do despise
Both it and thee: lift up thy voice on high
And like a trumpet, sound a fearfull cry
Against the city, lest it doth repent
And let it know, for what end thou art sent.
For why, I judge them not without a cause
The people are found bteakers of my laws,
They have not lern'd to fear nor to adore me
Their wickedness and sin, it lies before me,
As Sodoms sins once cry'd lowd in mine ears
So Ninivehs before my face appears,
For which I will the city overthrow
Commission now thou hast, see that thou go;
The greatest monarchs that the earth doth bear
Nor Citys of most fame that ever were
Nor might nor greatness gives immunity
But all expos'd to judgment just they ly;
Observation from Gods not sparing the greatest places nor persons.
If they minde not their maker for to know
Their makers minde is them to overthrow.
But Jona now as one amaz'd no doubt,
With this strange heathen news doth cast about
What course to take, that so he may not be
A bringer of this news to Ninivee;
For why, in Israel he had taken pain
And preached long; but's preaching was in vain
Doth those elaborate pains, convert no Jews
What hope is there that this unwelcome news,
This dreadful, direful sermon should finde place
Among the people of the heathen race
And if it should then God was gracious bent
And of the threatned judgment would repent
That so his reputation he must lose
Another way therefore the prophet goes.
When doubts arise and dangers stand before
Seeming to cross the way we should go ore
When at the stake our carnal interest lies
And self must suffer by the enterprize
How apt are we poor weaklings to suggest
Our own devices, not Gods ways the best.
Observation from Jonah's turning aside because he thought God would not make good his word against Niniveh.
Sin blinds mens eyes, now Iona thinks to flee
Out of his presence who doth view and see
Each step he takes: from his all-seeing eyes
He posts away; and unto Tarshish flyes
Having cast off obedience to Gods word
He steals away from serving of his Lord
Thinking that by this unadvised flight
To hide himself from Gods most peircing sight.
To a sea port or to a haven town
Iopa by name, this passenger went down,
At his arival there he quickly sound
A ship prepared; fitted, ready bound
To Tarsus citty: there her voyage was
Thither the rebell Prophet thought to pass;
And that his passage might not be prevented
To pay his fare, aforehand hee's contented
Which having done he quickly goes aboard
To flee away from serving of the Lord.
When self sits uppermost and beareth sway
That selfish soul will quickly disobey
Gods just commands:
Observation from Jonah's care and diligence to effect his carnal intention.
and every holy test
For to promote a selfish interest.
No let nor rub that standeth in the way
Of erring man; when once he goes astray
From Gods command: but he with diligence
Will use endeavour, to remove it thence
What care he takes for fear his game be lost,
Although at last full dear it do him cost.
Now Jona hasts away, hee's under sayl
Looking each minute for a prosperous gale
Of pleasant winde to further his intent,
And quickly waf't him ore whether he went.
But that great Lord whom Jona did displease
Sent out his winde and did a tempest raise,
A mighty tempest is upon the main
So that the ship the clouds do seem to gain:
Those milder streams are curl'd, rough and unkinde
And rage and swell by reason of the winde
The Ship it reels like to a drunken man,
The mariners they do all that they can
To lowr the top-sail, and take in the sails
Yet all they do or can nothing avails
For still the hideous tempest on them lyes
And to lose ship and all, now each man crys.
How vain are we to think our counsel will
Take place:
Observ. from Gods crossing Jonah in his way of disobedience and rebellion.
when we consult for to fulfil
Unruly lusts, and foolish fond intent,
Thinking Gods blessed will for to prevent
Then to our grief, our detriment and loss,
Such purposes, he'l quickly cross;
All mens endeavours then are at a stand
When they endeavour to bind up God hand
Or to divert the course of a just rod,
When streached forth by a displeased God
The seamen all are now full sore afraid
The strongest hearts of men may be dismayd
Fear with the smart of heavens chastizing rod
Drives every man to call upon his God:
Unto their heathen gods they make their suit,
Fear makes men pray, when nothing else will do't,
And now as men possest with dreadful cares
To save themselves and ship: they take the wares
And cast it over board; in hope their pains
May be rewarded in the use of means.
Some that confesse a God:
Observ. from the heathen Seamens praying in danger
no more God knows
Then did these heathen rude and barbarous,
Who in the time of their great misery
Do all confesse there is a deity.
But they that do confesse the true God must
Fear, love, obey, and always in him trust.
But where is Jona all this dreadful while
The Seas do roar and rage and foam and boyl,
And whistling winds a fearful noyse do keep
Our Ionas gone aside the ship to sleep,
His sences are lockt fast, and conscience too
And neither wakes for all the seas can do.
A man would think no heart could now endure
But sin makes men most desperatly secure.
When into dangers men are plunged deep
They many times do fall full fast asleep
Lul'd in the cradle of security
Till their small threed of life be cut,
Observ. from Jonah's security in time of so great danger.
whereby
They hold their lease, then they awakned be:
Eyes that were shut, are open now to see
How Sathan like a jugler, did deceive them
And of true happinesse did quite bereave them,
Who being fool'd into this dismal state
Must pay for pleasures at a woful rate,
The master of the Ship then to him came
And says what meanest thou (O fy for shame)
What meanest thou O sleeper void of fears)
How canst thou, darst thou rest, now death appears?
Are not we sinking all into the deep
Why dost not rather watch: but ly and sleep?
Is this a time for thee to be secure
Now death is wayting for thee at the door?
Art thou of sence and reason quite bereft
Or of the world to come, all thoughts hast left?
Arise O sluggard, do it not delay
Hast thou a God, then unto thy God pray
And call upon him with an earnest cry
Perhaps he'l hear and will us not destroy:
Thus did the heathen to his duty move him
And for his negligence sharply reprove him.
Come near and take a veiw;
Observ. from the prophets sluggishnesse who was to have been a watchman unto others.
but do not wonder
To see a Boanarges son of thunder;
Whose office is to cry to men, arm, arm,
Lest through security your souls take harm:
Stand fast, quit you like men, be strong and watch:
And yet himself a single slumber catch
His light, his life, his grace a while to smother
In ashes rak't, till kindled by another.
O most prodigious, he that is the keeper
Of's own and others souls to turn dead sleeper.
The seamen now agast, with horrid fear
Did think some wicked person was come there
Who had committed some more huinous crime
And for whose cause the evil of that time
Had now befaln them: hence with one consent
They all agree to finde the delinquent.
Come let us now cast lots into the lap
Thereby to know for whose cause this mishap
And evil is upon us: so they fell
To casting lots: till that time none could tell
Who was the man so sorely had offended,
The lot was cast, and Iona apprehended;
When God will execute his judgments just
'Tis a vain thing in a vain thing to trust;
Observ. from Jonah's being found out by the Lord and his sin discovered.
When God a sinner will bring to the tryal
[...] thing to bid the Lord denial
When God will serch 'tis vain to go about
To hide from God; for God will finde it out.
Shall vain man sin? in sinning think to hide
Himself from God; whose eyes cannot abide
To look on sin, what doth he think he can
Deal with his God, as he dealeth with man?
Nay God hath ways and means to bring to light,
Things done in secret and the darksome night,
Sometimes by this means, and sometimes by th'other
God will discover what vain man doth smother.
Now let us know, we pray thee hide not from us
The very cause why this is come upon us,
Thou seest wee're brought into an exigent
And till we know the cause are not content;
Hast thou a calling, then what calling hast?
Art thou not one that wilfully doth wast
Thy precious time and live in idlenesse,
And for that sin ere brought unto distresse?
What is the country now from which thou came?
And of what people art tell us by name.
Now danger great had opend Ionah's eyes
Therefore he says to them in humble wise
as for my nation it is of the Jews
Distinct from others by the name Hebrews;
I am an hebrew from the loyns descended
Of him that was of God so much befreinded.
As for Religion I do fear the Lord,
And worship him who by his powerful word,
Did frame and fash'on both sea and dry land,
That governs all things at his own command:
To God alone and t'none else am I bound,
Yet at this time in base rebellion found.
When men are brought into some great distress
Though not before yet then they will confess
Their evil deeds,
Observ. from Jonah's confession and acknowledgment, of God and his rebellion.
the hearts that stubborn were
Are bruis'd and broken in a time of fear;
God in his wisdome, often thinks it fit
To whip a frantick person into's wit,
And sure, at such a time [...]ells his best
To use and to improve what interest
He hath in God, if any such thing be,
And to his uprightness for comfort flee.
Then were the men afraid, with greater fear
When so much of the true God they do hear,
And see for sin he doth due vengeance take
And will not spare it for a prophets sake;
Then did they say, why hast thou done this thing?
How dar'st thou disobey thy Lord and King?
What couldst thou turn away, when he says go?
Dare you professing Hebrews once do so?
What fond conceit possest thee, didst thou think
That for so great a fault thy God would wink?
For he had told them, and thereby they knew
That from the presence of the Lord he flew.
Thus he that disobeyed Gods command
Doth now convict, condemn'd,
Observ. from the heathens reprehending Jonah.
and censur'd stand
Among, and by the barb'rous heathen crue
In silent wise account it all his due;
So every one that feareth not Gods name
One time or other he will clothe with shame
And make them stand as men all in a maze
Dumb like a stock on which others do gaze;
And by the words of others are reproved
Cause by the words of God they were not moved:
The Seamen say Jona thou hast undone us
The seas still rage and tempest lyes upon us,
Our souls are fill'd with dreadful fears and care
And still encreasing as the tempests are;
The lot's faln on thee, conscience tells thee too
Thou art the man that doth us quite undo;
By which two things thou plainly art detected
To be the cause yet let us be directed
What we shall do unto thee that the seas
May rage and foam no more and winds may cease.
Then Iona answered, 'tis not you but I
That have provoked God so mightily
'Tis for my sake not yours the seas are raging
And tempest still is on you not asswaging:
Now take me up and cast me overboard
For that's appoynted for me of the Lord,
That is the sentence, I must undergo it
And silently submit my self unto it;
Then shall there be a calme upon the main
And boystrous waves shall smoothly glide again.
Though God in justice seem to be severe
And strict in punishing for sin:
Observ. from Jonah's so patiently submitting to Gods will: accepting the punishment of his iniquity.
yet here
A gratious soul submits in any wise
And suffers not one grudging thought to rise
Against Gods dealing so: but will submit
Knowing his sin is the just cause of it:
For to excuse himself he will not do
But say, 'tis righteous Lord, that thou dost so:
Hee'l take unto himself deserved shame
Thereby to honour Gods most glorious name.
Come take a view how these rude heathen men
Behav'd themselves in love to Jonah; when
They saw his patience, and did hear his word
And knew he was a prophet of the Lord;
Sure greater love then theirs could not be shown
They seek to save his life dang'ring their own,
They fain would save him, and therefore they try
The best of means and skill before he dye:
They row full hard; now each man lays his hand
To work: thinking to bring the ship to land
They toyl, they sweat, they labour in great pain
And when th'ave done their labor's all in vain.
For now as though the elements conspire
To vex them still: the waves they mount up higher
The sea still works, the windy tempests roar
The sea-men cease there rowing and give ore.
From hence we see that a meer humane soul
Hath so much pitty others to condole
That God of nature,
Observ. from the heathen mens endeavour to have sav'd Jonah.
so much reason gave
To teach one man anothers life to save;
More when a beam divine hath influence
On them: they give the greater reverence.
These men that worshipt idol gods before
Have quickly learn'd the true God to adore;
And now like unto new converted Saints
They go to God alone, with prayer and plants:
And lest the guilt of blood should on them ly,
They make to heaven and list up their cry.
We do beseech thee Lord destroy us not
For this mans sake: but leave us without spot:
We do beseech thee Lord, and humbly pray;
Blood innocent on us thou wilt not lay,
For we perceive Lord that it is thy will,
And we as executioners do fulfill
Even as thy blessed pleasure hath design'd,
For all is done according to thy mind.
Men in affliction earnestly will cry,
Observ. from the heathen mens addressing themselves to God in this strait.
The worst of men then unto God will fly
Self guides the stern ofttimes, and beareth sway;
For love to self and not to God; they'le pray:
But every one that is a convert true,
In every season yeildeth God his due,
Unto his God he prays, to him he'l cry,
Not only when afflictions on him lye,
And when some difficultys stand before,
But when all such with ease he can get ore:
If this or that befall, he's mov'd by neither,
Hee'l pray as well in fair as fouler weather.
So they took Jonah as it pleas'd the Lord,
Into the sea they cast him overboard,
Whereat the sea it seem'd well satisfy'd
The stormy tempest now is layd aside:
No token of displeasure now appears
Nor nothing seen to usher future fears;
Now all is done, even as the Lord did please
His anger now is calme: so are the seas.
If judgment at Gods house do first begin,
Observ. from Gods not sparing his own servant.
And God not wink, though at a prophets sin:
If God his dearest ones he will not spare
But they of this and t'other stripe must share,
As God in justice pleaseth to pass sentence,
Then those ungodly ones without repentance
Those fearless graceless wicked wretches; who
From one rebellion to another go;
The devils drudges, driving on sins trade
Must pay full dear for it; when th'reckoning's made.
The seamen seeing all things that had past
They cannot chuse but stand like men agast
They cast off idols; greatly fear the Lord,
And offer sacrifice, while yet aboard:
And lest these wonders, should slip out of mind
Themselves by vows and oaths full fast they bind,
To praise the Lord that sav'd them from the deep
And all their day's, this vow they mean to keep.
When God in wond'rous manner doth appear
And to mens souls in mercy doth draw near,
Observ. from the sea-mens devoting themselves to God.
When he puts forth his power to touch the heart,
Men are made willing from their sins to part:
Till by the fear of God their souls are mov'd
They will not leave what they so long have lov'd:
But when Gods power doth form a creature new
The divel, world and flesh they bid adieu;
They break their bonds with them that tied them fast
And cleave to God with purposes to last.
Come view the care and providence of God
Who though he did chastice, with's angry rod
Yet mercy shews when justice might take place
And after frowns, shews forth a pleasant face.
And now to satisfy his love and care
A mighty whale before hand did prepare,
For to devour and in devouring save:
His belly now it must be Jonah's grave,
In which dark vault the Lord did him imbarque
Three days and nights, as safe as in an arke
Where deaths black terrors do surround his soul
His passing bell in's eare doth always toul
Where now we leave him, thus begirt with fear
Till in another wonder God appear.
CHAP. II.
The Argument.
How Jonah unto God did pray
Now he is in his grave
God heard, and in a wondrous way
How he did Jonah save.
NOw see how good afflictions often prove
They are not only tokens of Gods love,
Observa. from Jonah's reducement by his affliction.
Sins past correct, and future sins prevent
But for some other causes they are sent,
The wandring roving steps for to bring back
And quicken souls to dutyes, that are slack.
Then Jona in the depth of misery
Who seeks not God in time of liberty
But runs and flees, and hides him from his face
Doth now cry to him in this dismal case,
He now is cast into deaths darksome bed
Its sable curtains wrap about his head,
The king of terrour, terrible appears
And Jonah's heart, doth melt away with fears,
Out of the fishes belly Jonah's grave
Jonah had hope that God would Jonah save,
His faith begetteth prayer; he prays in faith
And to the Lord his God these words he saith
When faith gets strength, and hope takes ancor hold
The soul that feard before, doth now grow bold
With great and greivous troubles being prest,
He knocks at heavens gates and will not rest
Until his suit do finde acceptance there
And gracious answer be return'd to prayer;
Hee'l seek, hee'l sue, hee'l cry, and not give ore
Till God do open what was shut before.
Oh Lord my soul is brought into distress
I have deserv'd it; yet a great deal lesse
Then what I do deserve I undergo;
Thou art a gracious God then mercy show;
'Twas my affliction great that made me cry
And 'twas thy mercy t'hear so speedily
My earnest sute, thou didst it not say nay
When I out of this hellish grave did pray:
Thou heardest me, when I thy face had sought
And thou hast for me great salvation wrought.
No labor's lost when we are in distresse
To make to heaven by humble addresse
With hearts all melting,
Observa. from the good success Jonah had in turning cleaning to God in his affliction.
broken and contrite
A thing in which God takes so much delight,
When in this frame of spirit we make sute,
To God alone in Christ, then that will do't,
When we confesse our sins with grief and shame,
And do reform our lives the flesh to tame
Such blest endeavours, never proves in vain,
Though God were gone; it brings him back again.
'Twas not the seamen but it was the Lord
That took me up, and cast me overboard
They did fulfil even as thou Lord didst please
'Twas thou by them, cast me into the seas
Into the midst and heart of them: where those
Proud waters did me secretly inclose
The floods the seas, rais'd high with winde and tide
They do encompass me on every side
All thy proud billows, which do mount on high
At thy command: yet else do smoothly lye,
And towring waves which I poor fool alas!
Thought to get ore: yet now all ore me pass.
When gracious souls are brought under the rod
That is i'th hand of a displeased God,
Observation from Jonah's looking at the hand of the Lord and not at the instrument be made use of.
Nor this, nor that, who is the instrument,
But God they eye, who hath affliction sent,
Not like the dog, that gnawing is the stone,
Regarding not the hand, by which its thrown.
And then I said, for I was in great fear
And lab'ring was, betwixt hope and despair,
(The darknesse having dim'd the clearest light)
Then said I, Lord I'm cast out of thy sight;
Yet notwithstanding, all the grace thou hast,
Seemeth to me, as if 'twere lockt up fast
And that no beam of light I can espy,
Yet will I look again with stedfast eye
Toward thy temple, and that holy place,
Where Lord thou promist hast, to shew thy face.
Two contraries are in the best of men
The party vanquisht,
Observa. from the warr between the flesh and spirit in the best.
fain would rise again
The flesh and spirit, do oppose each other,
The elder's loth to serve the younger brother
Great contestation is twixt faith and doubt
Hopeless despair, strives hard true faith to rout
These two opponents bicker in the feild
Nor one nor other of these two will yeild
Till faith puts forth at last, and striketh home
With blows, that doubting fear do overcome;
A man thats brought into a woful state
Will oftentimes his misery relate
And will enlarge himself to tell his grief
Thinking by telling it, to finde relief.
So Jonah does his misery repeat
And says the water's plentiful and great,
They did inviron me they did me wrap
As swadling bands the babe in mothers lap;
Three days and nights they do about me roul,
And deaths black herse encompasses my soul:
The waters deep were dayly ore me spread,
And stinking weeds did wrap about my head:
Unto the bottome of the mountains steep,
Then I went down still fathoming the deep
Sometimes I was aloft upon the main,
And soon plungd down into the depths again:
I was in prison and the earth did barr me
And horrid fears, do every minute scar-me,
For ever hopeless to set foot on shore,
Unlesse thou by a wonder me restore:
Yet thou O Lord my God, was pleas'd to save
And brought my life again up from the grave,
That cruel corrupt loathsome stinking pit
Where death had almost swallow'd me in it.
There's no condition that can be so sad,
Observa. from Jonah's obtaining deliverance and his thankfulnesse for the same.
Nor state of man that ever was so bad,
There is no burden can so heavy lye
Nor vexing grief nor pressing misery,
But God almighty by his mighty strength
He can deliver: and he will at length
Deliver those that do on him rely,
And pray to him in faith with earnest cry;
From their low state he can and will them raise
And when 'tis done they'l ever give him praise;
They will confess that he salvation wrought,
And heard as soon, as they his face had sought.
When my heart broke and soul it fainting lay
To ease my self I could devise no way,
My thoughts to this and then to that were led,
But still they did return upon my head;
Then did I think upon (for it was time),
The mercys Lord thou ever hast shewn thine,
My hope was ancor, and it took fast hold
And to the throne of grace now I make bold,
My humble prayer for to present to thee,
Though like a rebell lately I fled from thee,
Thou didst not shut it out: (oh wondrous grace)
But it came in, unto thy holy place.
Observa. from Jonah's encoraging himself to rely on God and cry to him from consideration of former mercys.
When we poor creatures know not what to do
To one shift and another are put to,
And find no means of help to avoid our trouble
Instead of help, they are returned double:
When every vessel leaks and refuge fails,
And every hold we have nothing avails:
When each proud wave and billow doth pass ore-us
And death with all his terror stand before-us,
Then it is time, full time to call to minde,
Each thing of God, that we did ever finde
To strengthen faith and give encouragement
Our prayers in heavens court for to present.
All ye that hunt and follow after lies
And are observing idle vanities
That have dependency on false deceits
That evermore the silly sinner cheats
As long as ye these sinfull courses take
In choosing these; your own mercys forsake
Both present happiness and future bliss
And I by sad experience tell you this.
Those that at any time have gone astray
Turning aside out of Gods holy way
And are whipt for it till their backs do bleed,
Observa. from Jonah's giving warning to others from woful experience.
Can best of all warn others to take heed.
Now as for those that follow vanities
And unto idol-gods do sacrifice,
Ascribing to them each deliverance
Accounting all things as they came by chance,
Both th'one and th'other always come to naught,
But as for my part I am better taught,
And unto thee O Lord my heart will raise
And sacrifice unto thy name with praise;
I will give thanks unto thy holy name
From thee and none else my deliverance came,
And now I'le pay to thee that I have vowed,
Because I know by thee I am allowed;
For why I know ther's no salvation wrought,
But what thy hand, O Lord to pass hath brought.
Observa. from Jonah's thankfulness for his deliverance.
When God appears to us in love and grace
And shews again the beauty of his face
When he unfolds his armes to let us in,
And draws a mantle ore to hide our sin,
When he puts forth his power not to destroy,
But save; and fill our hearts with perfect joy,
Surely it is an obligation strong
To binde our hearts: but so unloose our tongue
To speak in praise, talking t'others abroad
'Oth wisdome, goodness, mercy, power of God;
But when his grace is turn'd to wantonness
And mercy move men neither more nor lesse,
Lives to reform and manners to amend
Those mercys turn to judgments in the end.
Then spake the Lord that hath the sole command
Of all the crearures in the sea and land
He spake unto the whale within the sea
The whale no sooner heard but did obey,
He said to him, Jonah I mean to save,
Thy belly hath been long enough his grave
My mighty power, now he shall understand
Therefore go bring him quickly to the land;
Then did the fish launch forrh, away he went
Unto the place whether the Lord him sent,
He splits the seas with hast until they roar
And vomits Jonah safely on the shore.
What shall a fish that in the seas doth dwell
Hear and obey Gods voice and not rebel,
Observa. from the whales obedience to Gods command.
One void of reason and religion too,
At the first bidding; as God bids him do.
God speaks but once unto the mighty whale
At his command he stops: then hearken all
To whom God speaks not only once nor twice
But ore and ore he comes with new supplys
Of precepts mingled, with entreatise dear,
To stir them up his holy name to fear,
Crying aloud, Oh do this thing and live,
But yet for all that, no attendance give.
Shall th' queen of Sheba, travail from the south
To hear the wisdome, dropping from the mouth
Of a meer man; shall Niniveh repent,
As soon as Jonah unto them was sent,
Then Sheba's queen the Ninivites and whale
Shall rise in judgment, and condemn them all.
CHAP. III.
The Argument.
How Jonah unto N [...]niveh
A s cond time is sent
They heare: in hearing do obey
The Lord did then repent.
NO sooner were all these things done and past
But God his mercy (which doth ever last)
To
Jonah shews:
Observa. from the prophets declaring that and only that the Lord commanded him & not going before the Lord sent him.
to grace he doth receive him
And though he did provoke he will not leave him.
Though from his office he might be degraded
Yet for his fault, he is not now upbraded.
But now a second time their comes a word
Sent unto Jonah from the highest Lord
Saying arise, begone and do not stay
Mine anger will arise, if thou delay
Thou art commanded make no more excuses
Know thou my patience brooks no more abuses.
Unto that famous City Niniveh
I again send thee and see that thou say
The word I bid thee, when thou comest there
Preach that, whether they heare or do forbear.
And though of thee not one would have regard
And for such news canst look for no reward,
Yet be thou strong, take courage, see thou do it,
I charge thee turn not off, but go unto it.
I am resolv'd of this, and they shall know
That within forty days i'le overthrow
Their City great, if they within that space
Do not repent that I may shew them grace.
All those that run when God says no such thing,
Not God but their own errand they will bring,
The message God commands they'l not impart
But what's devis'd in their own foolish heart,
Or that which man commands, with zeal they presse
But what God bids them preach: a great deal less
Of care and zeal they spend; which doth declare
That not the true but prophets false they are:
But hee's the prophet true goes not before
God send him furnisht with a heavenly store
What he commands him still he keeps to that,
To speak and do; regardless always what
Men do oppose, nor love nor fear that draws him
To fail his trust; for'ts love and fear that aws him.
Now Jonah doth arise away he gets
And toward Niniveh his face he sets,
He trudges on, regards not wind nor weather,
Nor takes not up his rest till he come thither;
For God had strictly charg'd him by his word
And now his care is therewith to accord.
Men for their sins do often feel the rod
And heavy hand of a displeased God,
Observ. from Jonah's hasting now to perform what God gave him in charge.
Before affliction comes they go astray
But learn by it their master to obey.
Now this same great Assirian city where
The prophet with his sermon must appear,
It was exceeding great, greater then other,
And of all cities well might be the mother;
It was so long, so broad, spacious and wide,
Three days to travail it from side to side
Might be a journey for a man most fit,
For so recorded 'tis in holy writ.
Besides some say, that humane histories
Do make report, some say they are not lies,
That threescore miles would but this city round,
And fifteen hundred towrs in it were found;
The walls in height, full thirty yards and more,
The like was surely never seen before;
The bredth o'th walls was equal to the rest
They say two chariots might well pass in brest,
And space enough for divers left between,
Such walls in height and breadth besides, nere seen
And sixscore thousand infants were found there,
As the next chapter makes it to appear.
Unto this city mighty and of fame
At last full tir'd and weary Ionah came,
Passes the streets one day, begins to thunder
Out his unwelcome news: makes them to wonder
And stand like men afright, with gastly fear,
Their ears do tingle at the news they hear;
With fainting fits th'are ready to drop down,
Each tells another news thats come to town.
All thus alarm'd they stand as in a maze
And every one at other seems to gaze;
The larum runs apace through every street,
And all that hear tell others whom they meet.
For Jonah went along with dolefull cry
Yet fourty days and then God will destroy
This city great, then he will overthrow it
And charg'd me straitly unto you to show it,
To threaten you with judgment I was sent
My errand I have said, repent, repent.
If that a hand appear but on the wall
Debaucht Belshazers countenance will fall
His joynts unloose, his knees together dash:
Observ. from the Ninivits disponding as the judgment threatned by Jonah.
When God puts forth his rod to scourge and slash.
Oppressing Pharoahs heart, it will come down
When God in ferious manner 'gins to frown.
Let churlish Nabal hear what might come on,
His heart within him's cold like to a stone.
The proud and lofty Ninivites do fear
When God in threatned wrath doth but appear.
The wicked, great, proud persecuting ones
That naught regard the poor mans sighs and groans,
If God come forth and beare his powerfull arme
And cause his trumpet, give them one alarm,
When time is not and judgment cannot stay,
Their hearts do faint, and fainting melt away
Much more proud wretches when they once do feel
The force and smart of his sharp-glitt'ring steel.
The Ninivits no sooner heard the word
And dreadfull judgments threatned by the Lord,
But they believe him and think he had sent
Jonah to warn each person to repent.
Wherefore they do agree with one accord
To turn from sin unto the living Lord:
And to prepare them fitly for the same
A Solemn fast the people do proclame;
Of pleasant food they will not now partake
Their joviall feasting they do now forsake;
Of dainty delicates they tast no more
Instead of mirth and musick now they roar:
Each face grows pale, and blackness now doth gather
Instead of play and sports now they had rather
Sit in the dust; with heavy sighs and groans
And tears in eyes to heaven making moans:
Their brave attire, and gorgeous rich aray
In which they proudly deckt themselves each day
Their broydred shining garments: and such things
As hoods and cauls their jewels and their rings
Are layd aside by all; and there is none
That doth adventure now to put them on.
Instead whereof they put dust on their head
And sackcloth on each person now is spread
Wherewith to cloath themselves now they think fit
And all in sable wise in ashes sit.
Their eyes distill; their cheeks are wet with tears
And hearts no doubt, are swallowed up with fears.
when Jona had scarce three days mongst them taught
His sermons on them wonderfully wrought,
Observ. from the Ninivits believing Jonah and humbling themselves.
May be he preacht three years in Israel
And's Sermons never wrought on them so well
when God puts forth his power mens hearts to reach
They soon are toucht with what his prophets preach
And when they lye under a fearfull sentence
O then or never they fall to repentance,
And then great present changes will be found
Yet such repentances ate seldome sound
When men repent for fear or smart o'th rod
Tis more for love to self, then love to God.
No sooner did this news arive at court
But then their king leaves of his princly sport,
This mighty monarch glorious and high
Descends the throne of his great majesty.
His golden chayne and kingly robe so royall
He now puts off and puts on self deniall,
He rents his cloaths: and sits in ashes too
And now the king doth as his subjects do.
In heavy sackcloath he is humbly drest
Expressing grief thereby, as do the rest.
This heathen king,
Observ. from the heathens kings patient reception of Jonah's sad tidings.
takes all full patiently
Though judgment judgment still was Ionah's cry,
He neither frets nor fumes, nor rails nor rages
As others that have liv'd in clearer ages
Who would imprison him that tidings brought
Of their destruction, but he's better taught;
May all in power and place learn to submit
And hear the rod, and him that 'pointed it.
Now with consent of all his nobles great
That do attend upon his royall seat
His privy Counsel great Assirian Lords;
With whom in this sad junto he accords.
Be it enacted let it be decreed,
That from this time not any one do feed
On any thing their natures do sustain
But from all kind of food they do refrain;
Our pleasure is nor good nor bad they tast,
So long as this our royall act doth last:
Let all take notice both the great and least;
Not men alone we say but every beast,
And flock and heard that grazeth in the feild,
To gain the succour grass and herbs do yield;
Shall tast no food nor water drink no more
Untill for pining want each beast doth roar.
With bellowing cry: that they may us excite
To lay aside all pleasures and delight
To weep and wayle, and mournfully lament
Thereby to signify we do repent.
O what is sin so much to be abhor'd,
Observ. from not only sinfull man repenting but the beasts of the feild mourning also.
O it is sin so much provoks the Lord
To punish man and beast; not man alone
But for the sins of men the creatures groane.
The sinless beast, nor need, nor can repent
Yet with the sinner, needs they must lament:
May sinful man stand then all in a maze,
When on the sinless creature he doth gaze;
Groaning with grief; for the just God therein
Shews how he is displeas'd with men for sin.
And further by the foresaid thority
We do decree; and to all signify
That every man put off his rich aray,
And every beast, his ornaments this day,
This darksome day, wherein none can be glad
Let man and beast in sackcloath rough be clad;
And while that all thus sadly mourning ly,
Let every one to God lift up his cry
With earnest powerful prayers, now make your suit
For weak, nor feigned prayers now will not do't▪
By sins we have displeased God on high
And if he shew not mercy we must dy,
We guilty are of many great offence,
And most of all we have us'd violence
Within this city; it cleaves to our hands
Let's clense our selves from it now he commands,
And with our prayers & tears & outward mourning
Let every of us from our sins be turning.
When thus by king and Counsel 'twas decreed
Signed and seal'd,
Observ. from the kings decree for repentance and hast to the execution thereof.
it hasts with winged speed
It flys abroad and runs through every street
Each tels another of it whom they meet,
For why it was proclaimed in his name
And heralds fit to execute the same;
[...]
[...]
[...]
[...]
Where true repentance gods there goes confession▪
Repentance true, nere goes without contrition;
Self judging too, repentance doth call in
Whereby t'escape Gods judgments due for sin;
Unfained prayer doth assistance lend,
And reformation life for to amend,
For where [...]mendment, joyns with hearty grief
Hope may be had that it will bring relief.
And cary'd on with strength of resolution
To spend and hast the work to execution;
The penitent he can no longer stay
But meets an angry God half on his way,
When God against him comes tho's pace be flack
He mends his pace, and runs to turn him back.
But now behold what mov'd this heathen king
To constitute, ordain, appoint this thing,
It was not only thoughts of present fear
But God in mercy also might appear,
For who can tell, sayth he, or who doth know,
Whether this city he will overthrow
If we persist not on but do repent;
May be for this end Jona he was sent;
Perhaps returning, we shall mercy finde
For I have heard to mercy hee's inclin'd;
We do not know therefore let us make tryal,
But if we turn from sin and be found loyal,
But God may turn away from his feirce wrath
And will repent of what the prophet hath
Pronounc'd against us that we may not dy,
Although he says that he will us destroy.
Gods mercys great,
Observ. from the Niniv [...]s encouragement to turn of to God, because he is a mercyfull God.
they
[...]ave b
[...]en eve
[...] found
Good ancre-hold for souls: hopes surest ground;
Poor sinner; when at loss, then do make bold
To graspe at mercy and there take fast-hold
[...] [...]oul to save from horrid desperation,
[...] get a blessed expectation:
[...] means for to escape the fire
[...] [...]nkindled wrath and burning ire)
Mercy to finde: yet 'tis but peradventur
Thy soul had wasted all thy mercy lent-her,
And now it's come to this, I do not know
Whether I shall finde mercy yea or no:
What though it be to thee a doubtful thing,
Thy soul into the hands of mercy fling,
Concerning Niniveh see how't appears,
Who now sit mourning all bedew'd with tears,
Nor mirth, nor musick heard; not one is glad,
But every one in hairy sackcloath clad;
Yet this is judg'd to be the smallest part
Of works that manifest a trve convert:
With it they turn'd from all their evil ways
God saw they did it; and they did him please
For 'tis not sorrow much nor protestation
Gainst sin that pleaseth God but reformation.
The evils all God said he would do to them
Are now remov'd, and turned away from them,
They are suspended upon this condition
That they amendment joyned with contrition,
For the most gratious God repents of what
He said that he would do, and does it not.
Great is the force of faith and true repentance
Though judgment passe,
Observ. from Gods forbearing to punish upon their turning to him.
it will reverce the sentence
When sin is left that sinful souls beguiles,
Gods frowns are turned into pleasant smiles:
His threatned judgments, often are suspended,
When as the people threatned are amended.
CHAP. IV.
The Argument.
How Jonah's angry cause the word
He preacht had not success,
As he would have: God by a gourd
Reproves his foolishnesse.
BUt now when Jona saw the strange event
His sermon had it made him discontent
He now is angry and doth take displeasure
His angers great and doth excel all measure;
He frets, he pets, he peevishly fume o [...] [...] blu [...]
Cause God does not, as he will have [...]n [...] do
For God repents; the Sirians scapt his [...]and,
And enemies they'l be to Judahs land,
May Jonah think; and so his country men
Abundantly had fared better then
If they had been destroy'd; as was the word
That Jonah preached to them from the Lord.
Blinde [...]eal and carnal ends do oft misguide
The best of men and cause them turn aside
Time after time:
Observ. frow Jonah's b [...] ing angry at the Lords sparing Niniveh.
their lust they will fulfil
If God his actions steare not as they will;
Self would be serv'd whether God will or no,
If God say yea self never will say so;
Gods will and mans each other oft opose,
'Tis hard for mans with Gods will for to close.
What this is strange, a prophet be displeas'd
That to'ards a people God is now apeas'd,
And shews them mercy whom he might destroy,
Turning their days of mourning into joy.
Can any soul but Jonas be offended,
Instead of judgment to see grace extended?
But that's not all: why Jonah he is crost
His fame, his name, and honour now is lost.
To be a prophet false he is afraid
Lest that among them such a thing be said;
And now unto the Lord he doth address
Himself by prayer that signifies no less:
In it he doth the Lord his God accuse
To be in fault, when as he did refuse
To hear his voice at first: and did rebell
Pleading as if thereby he had done well.
Unbridled passion is a thing that will
Transport the soul of men so long;
Observ. from Jonah's casting his rebellious fault on God thinking to clear himself.
untill
God and themselves they totally forget
And go beyond the bounds that reason set,
And reasonless, they foolishly will reason
And think 'tis loyalty, when 'tis but treason
They think and speak, and act against the Lord
Such fruits self-love and passion do afford.
For this he says, I pray thee Lord hear me,
While I expostulate the case with thee;
Have I not cause to be in angry mood?
Was any man so serv'd that ever stood,
His credit with thy glory to maintain?
If none were so then well may I complain.
Ere I went out of my own countrey dear,
This was the very thing that I did fear:
Not only fear it but I said it too,
For why? I thought full well what thou wouldst do:
Thou would not bring to pass what I must say,
And preach and cry aloud at Niniveh.
I thought full sure that thou wouldst soon repent
Yet to denounce their doom I must be sent.
I know O Lord what these men now do find
That thou art gracious mercifull and kind
Full slack thou art, and slow pac'd unto wrath
But winged speed always thy mercy hath;
And if a people truly do lament,
For sin, and do reform: thou wilt repent.
Consid'ring then it would not be avoided
By heathen ones thy word would be derided
And my ambassage too, they would despise
And say I thundred out a heap of lies;
For which so saying I must bear the blame
And be cal'd prophet false, to my great shame:
This is the reason, it seems right to mee
Why formerly to Tarshish I did flee:
And thou hast judg'd it for a heinous crime,
But whose the fault, whether 'tis thine or mine.
These things so sadly do my spirits grieve
No earthly thing O Lord will me releive:
It is far better for me for to dye,
And in the dust in silent darkness lye
Then longer live: sith nothing but disgrace
My portion is whilst I am in this place;
I do beseech thee let my life expire
And take it from me that is my desire.
Thus when fond passion sways and goes uncurb'd
The minds of men thereby are soon disturb'd
Soon out of order gotten out of frame,
Observ. from Jonah's pettish choosing death rather then life; because God did not act according to his mind.
They glory in the things should be their shame.
The Lord in patience all this while did bear
With Jonah's angry passion: and did hear
His words reflecting on his Majesty
Yet like a loving father passes by
His great offence: seeing him frais and weak
Did thus in gentle manner to him speak.
How now? what Jona? darst thou angry prove?
Dost thou not think it will my patience move?
How darst thou once presume to be so bold?
Dost think with wickedness that I will hold?
Or dost thou think that this is well in thee?
Oh wondrous strange, what Jonah angry be?
Did not my mercy, and my justice strive
To kill thee, els for to keep thee alive?
Hast thou forgot, how mercy did thee save,
When justice would the whale should be thy grave?
Mercy prevaild and thou canst not deny it,
Then cease thine anger, canst thou justify it?
Hast thou not learnd and been taught in the schools,
That anger resteth in the best of fools.
Thus God in goodnesse labour'd to convince
The pettish prophet of his foul offence,
Observ. from Gods patience and forbearance though provokt by Jonah.
Imputing all to his infirmities
As parents do to children whom they prize,
Jonah is angry: yet it did not move
God to be angry cause he did him love:
So great is love: love, cannot finde its like
So great is love, love spares when it should strike:
So great is love not easy to provoke,
Love suffers long before it give one stroke;
So great is love: so high and broad it grows,
It covers sins; all, multitudinous.
Now Jonah had a longing great desire
To see th'vent, when th' forty days expire
For at this time, he would not come to know
Whether God would destroy them yea or no;
Perhaps for one or other end God may
The execution of the judgment stay
For this a maxim is receiv'd of many
Forbearance never yet acquitted any.
Out of the city great and populous
Jonah departs and now away he goes
And when he came to th' east side of the town
He goes not further but there sits him down;
He makes a booth, and in it is his seat
The shade thereof defends him from the heat,
Untill the truth of falshood shall be tride
Of his late message there he doth abide;
But now perhaps soon after he comes thither
His booth he made begins to dry and wither,
The Country's hot, the sun with mighty heat
On Jonah's head continually did beat
By reason of which heat, his soul is greiv'd
Then God in mercy, wills he be releiv'd.
The Lord's a present help in time of trouble
And mercy upon mercy he doth double
And treble too:
Observ. from Gods compassion providing shelter to releive Jonah.
always in time of need
His power and pitty is put forth with speed
To save and succour his distressed ones
His bowels yearn to hear their sighs and groans;
Fear we not then in depths of misery,
To help us then's his oportunity.
For he then brought an herb out of the earth
Turns Jonah's sorrow into pleasant mirth
A mighty plant he quickly made to grow
With boughs and branches on it high and low
That they might shade and shelter him all over
And from the scorching heat be Jonah's cover.
Under the shadow of it he doth rest
Thinking thereby that he is greatly blest
Such great refreshment he hath lately found,
In his new house springing out of the ground;
He doth rejoyce he is exceeding glad
So great his joy is all the grief he had
Sustaind by reason of the heat before
Seemeth as though he thought on it no more.
A suddain change begets experience sad
To day he mourns that yesterday was glad,
His suddain joys are turn'd to suddain greif,
His plant it dyes, that gave him such relief.
For now alas before he was aware
In readinesse a worm God did prepare
Who with his sharp teeth and his cruel jaws,
As bit with hunger, eagerly he gnaws
Who smote the gourd, and now the gourd is dead
And with it Jonah's joys are withered.
Such is the nature of all earthly things
Which for a while so great contentment brings
They fade, they vanish, perish and decay:
Observ. from the withering of Jonah's gourd, shewing the fickle state of all things.
With winged haste, th'are gone and passe away.
Th'are but a puff, a blast a watry bubble
That soon is gone: or like a fiery stubble
That in a moment, is consum'd and past,
Or like a post, that on the way makes hast;
Or like the dusky clouds that break before
The sun appears and then are seen no more;
Or like the flower or herb or fruit that's sown,
That wither will as soon as it is mown;
Or like the vapours drawn into the ayr
Or like the thing that's gone when't doth appear.
Such are the things in which men take such pleasure
And too too much account their chiefest treasure
The sweetest joys that are upon the earth
Are dying still so soon as they draw breath,
To day they are injoy'd; but ere to morrow
They oft take wing and leave poor men to sorrow;
They neither last nor cannot satisfy,
As Ionah by his gourd in part did try.
The Sun arose and with it rose the wind
From th' eastern quarter vehement, unkind,
God had prepard it to rise wondrous high
That he might Ionah's patience further try;
The sun and wind they both conspire together
To make it hot and very soultry weather,
They beat on Ionah: Ionah he doth faint
And breaks into this passionate complaint.
My life's a burden to me, let me dy
For I have liv'd to see thee falsify
Thy word and mine which is my dayly trouble
And yet O Lord thou dost my sorrows double;
My body is afflicted as my minde
Then life 'tis better for me death to finde,
O let me be shut up within the grave
And clos'd in silent darknesse: then I have
That thing I wish and in my self desire,
And cannot have it till my life expire.
Mans days on earth most variously are spent
Sometimes he's pleas'd, sometimes he's discontent,
Observ. from Jonah's passionate complaint upon his suddain change.
Sometimes his joys do mightily abound,
E [...]e while again they cast him to the ground:
For joy he laughs sometimes for sorrow weeps,
Nor reason nor religions bounds he keeps;
When man's transported with his lawless passion
Not to Gods will but his own he will fashion
Himself in all things be it good or bad,
Anger, joy, sorrow, oft makes wise men mad.
Then God repli'd to him a second time,
Mine anger might arise as well as thine
Then thou a greater cause I have besure,
And yet my patience still it doth endure;
So manifold affronts I have had fro' thee,
Where judgment might yet mercy is shewd to thee.
Is this a thing worthy thy commendation?
Angry to be after this dispensation,
Didst thou regard my acts of providence
Sham'd thou wouldst be; to take so great offence
At so small matter; is this well in thee
To be displeas'd at what is done by me?
How darst thou let thy anger rise so high
As in it wish so desperately to dy?
Thus God with Ionah argueth the case
To bring his soul again into its place
When we run from him he still seeketh us,
Observ. from Gods reasoning so lovingly with Jonah to bring his soul into its place and set him straight again.
And sayth return again; why is it thus?
When man is minding naught but self concerns
The wise and gracious God full soon discerns
His swift destruction usherd in a pace,
If not prevented by his special grace.
Now Jonah answ'ring said to God again
My angry passion I will still maintain:
My cause is good I can it justify,
And if I angry be untill I dye
Untill my soul is from my body going
'Tis well, and weldone by me for so doing.
Gods dealings whether they are rough or mild
Doth little good when passion groweth wilde,
Observ. from Jonah's ill use of Gods gentle dealing with him; answering foolishly again.
Nor sharp reproof nor exhortation kind,
Will any kindly entertainment find:
Where lust uncurbed goes, and gets the reynes
It bootless proveth for to use the means
Of betterment; men thereby rather turn
Away from God and at his counsell spurn.
Once more the Lord repli'd, and to him said
With thy own practise I will thee upbraid,
What? hast thou not for thy own self much cared?
And glad hadst been; if I the gourd had spared
Had'st not thou pitty on that fading thing?
Which I out of the earths-large-womb did bring
Up in one night without the help of day,
And in one night it perisht quite away:
Thy labour on it thou didst not bestow
No art nor skill of thine did make it grow.
This plant this gourd, fain thou wodst have preservd
It pleasant was to thee: and so deserv'd
Thy care and diligence to nourish it
Sith in its shade thou didst delighted sit:
Which was a thing of very small renown
Compared with that great Assirian town.
What reason then that I should not take pitty?
Upon that famous, great, populous City,
Wherein the little ones besides the old
Were more then sixscore thousand fully told,
All persons for their age unapt to learn
'Twixt right and left hand they cannot discern.
The cattels much, that doth about it feed,
To be prefer'd before a stinking weed;
I made them for my service and my use
Yet me they did provoke by their abuse;
To threaten judgment therefore thou wast sent;
And when they heatd, they fear'd and did repent.
How could I chuse, but on them pitty take?
And shew them favour for my mercy sake;
For why in mercy thou knowst I abound
And not them only but thy self hast found,
As great forbearance at my gentle hand,
When thou rebeld against my just command;
And now like to a frantick furious fool
Art discontent because I do not rule
According to thy pleasure: not thy will
But mine be done: thou oughtst it to fulfill;
Then up, be gone, and get thee home with shame
And study more to know my glorious name:
Regard my voice, and answer when I call thee,
And sin no more, lest a worse thing befall thee.
FINIS.