The expert phisician learnedly treating of all agues and feavers, whether simple or compound, shewing their different nature, causes, signes, and cure ... / written originally by that famous doctor in phisick, Bricius Bauderon ; and translated into English by B.W., licentiate in physick by the University of Oxford ... Pharmacopée. English Bauderon, Brice, ca. 1540-1623. 1657 Approx. 198 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 88 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A26839 Wing B1163 ESTC R19503 12172216 ocm 12172216 55454

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Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A26839) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 55454) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 120:8) The expert phisician learnedly treating of all agues and feavers, whether simple or compound, shewing their different nature, causes, signes, and cure ... / written originally by that famous doctor in phisick, Bricius Bauderon ; and translated into English by B.W., licentiate in physick by the University of Oxford ... Pharmacopée. English Bauderon, Brice, ca. 1540-1623. Welles, Benjamin, 1615 or 16-1678. [14], 160 p. : port. by R.I. for John Hancock ..., Printed at London : 1657. Translation of: Pharmacopée. Advertisements on p. 158-160. Reproduction of original in Thomason Collection, British Library.

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eng Fever. Medicine -- Early works to 1800. 2006-04 Assigned for keying and markup 2006-04 Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-05 Sampled and proofread 2007-05 Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 Batch review (QC) and XML conversion

You ſee his Shadow and his outward Looks, Such was his face, which yet is but the rind: To know him better you muſt read his Books, You'l wonder at his gifts, and noble mind. portrait of Bricius Bauderon

THE Expert Phiſician: Learnedly treating of all AGƲES and FEAVERS.

Whether Simple or Compound.

Shewing their different Nature, Cauſes, Signes, and Cure, viz.

A Feaveriſh Heat. The differences of Feavers. A Diary Feaver. A Burning Feaver. A continual Putrid. A continual Tertian. A continual Quotidian. A continual Quartan. An intermitting Quartan. Feavers annexed to Quartans. A Semitertian Feaver. An Hectick Feaver. Confuſed Erratick Feavers. Malignant peſtilent Feavers, &c.

Written originally by that famous Doctor in Phiſick, Bricius Bauderon, and Tranſlated into Engliſh by B. W. Licentiate in Phyſick by the Univerſity of Oxford.

Publiſhed for the general good of this Nation, and may be put in practice with facility and ſafety.

Printed at London by R. I. for John Hancock, and are to bee ſold at the firſt ſhop in Popeſ-head Alley, near the Exchange. 1657.

The Epiſtle to the Reader Courteous Reader

THere are no Diſeaſes more frequent in this Nation, none more difficult of Cure, than Agues and Feavers, ſo that they are Proverbially called, The Scandal of Phiſicians: Fernelius, who was thought to have writ beſt againſt them, was himſelf deſtroyed by one; neither hath there yet been publiſht any remedy ſo ſaving, as their fiery darts are killing.

Accept then of this Balſome, gathered from the choyſe Gardens of the Greeks, Latines, Arabians, by the hands of that incomparable Dr. Bricius Bauderon, whoſe age and experience works more on my faith, than the unfathomed Arcana of the moderne Febrifuga; hee was eighty years aged when he writ this Tract, and had fifty years confirmed by his Practiſe, what in one moneths time thou mayeſt now be maſter of; his painful long-teeming Birth wants nothing but thy embraces to cheriſh it, it hath been for many years cloyſtered up in the French and Latine tongue, though deſired by ambitious heads as a choyſe purchaſe; few private Studies could boaſt of its poſſeſsion, which encouraged me to ſet it forth in this Engliſh Garb, in which it is entire, though not ſo ſplendid; more profitable, though not ſo beauteous: Such emunct noſtrils as ſhall ſnuffe at it, are like thoſe my Author ſpeaks of, that wil ſwound at the ſmel of a Roſe; ſuburban wits, that breath beſt in the worſt Air; or like ſome unclean Creatures, that thrive beſt in ſtanding Pools; but I leave them, and commend the ingenious to the Work it ſelf, methodical, facil, and perſpicuous enough to benefit the meaneſt capacity, yet ſatisfie the higheſt; read and be convinced.

Thine, B. W.
The Contents of every Chapter. TReateth of a Feaveriſh heat. Of the differences of Feavers. Of the Diviſion of Feavers. Of the Circuit of Feavers. Of the Conſtitution of Feavers. Of the Four times of Diſeaſes in ſpecial. Certaine Phyſical Rules for practiſe Of a Diary Feaver. Of an unputrid Synochus. Of a continual putrid Feaver. Of a Burning-feaver, and continual Tertian. Of the Cure of theſe Feavers. Of a continual Quotidian Feaver. Of a continual Quartan. Of an intermitting Tertian. Of the Cure of a ſpurious intermitting Tertian. Of an intermitting Quotidian. Of a Quotidian Feaver from ſalt Flegme. Of an intermitting Quartan. Of Feavers annexed to Quartans. Of confuſed, compounded, and erratick Feavers. Of a Semitertian Feaver. Of a Hectick Feaver. Of Malignant and peſtilent Feavers. Of the Cardiacal Feaver. Of the Feaver from Crudity.
Special obſervations for the Readers more eaſie apprehenſion.

REader, for thy better underſtanding of the quantity of Weights uſed in this, and other Phyſick Books, in Compounding of Medicines, obſerve this brief direction; That,

A Graine is the quantity of a Barley Corn. A Scruple is twenty Barley Cornes. Three Scruples containe a Dram. Eight Drams containe an Ounce.

The expert Phiſician, Learnedly treating of all Agues, and Feavers, whether Simple, or Compound,
CHAP. I. Of a Feaveriſh heat.

A Feaver is ſo called from the Latine word Forveo, Of the Name. becauſe it is a Fervor or Heat affecting the Body; the Gr eks call it 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is to be inflamed or taken with a Feaver, ſometimes it is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is a fiery habit, or fiery diſpoſition of the Body, and by Hippocrates in the firſt Book Epidem Commen. 3. text 18. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 that is, fire it ſelf.

It is a praeternatural heat kindled in the heart,The definition of a Feaver. as in its proper ſubject, primarily and per ſe hurting our actions, which heat by the mediation of bloud and ſpirits, through the Veines and Arteries, is diffuſed through the whole body.

Now,The diviſion of heat. all heat is either Natural, or aſcititious, the Natural is either implanted and fixt, or elementary and fluid, and a Feaver cannot conſiſt in either of theſe, becauſe the implanted is fomented by the primogenious moyſture, whoſe original is heavenly, and once depeculated or waſted, cannot be repaired; nor in the elementary, becauſe this by its temper doth help and cheriſh the implanted, and further it in concocting and aſſimilating the nouriſhment which is to bee converted into our ſubſtance; this heat Phiſicians call influent, becauſe with the ſpirits and bloud from the heart, it is carried by the Veines and Arteries to all parts of the body; a feaveriſh heat then is in the aſcititious ſaith Galen, Comment. on the ſixth book, Epidem. Hippo. text the 28.

An aſcititious heat is Three-fold;The diviſion of aſcititious heat. the firſt in reſpect of the other is ſaid to be ſimple, that is a bare exuperancy of heat, which is thus ingendred the Elementary or fluent heat by a daily increaſe receding from its temper and mediocrity becomes exceſſive, ſo that that which was natural, by degrees becomes unnatural, and therefore vitious, and offenſive to nature, doth hurt her operations; and in this aſcitious heat are your Ephemerae or Diary Feavers, and unputred Synochus. The ſecond heat different from the former is acrid and mordent, ariſing from putrified matter, which though it be not very burning hot, yet favouring of the condition of the matter from whence it proceeds, is praeternatural and burdenſome to the implanted heat, and in this are putrid Feavers both continual and intermitting, compound, erratick, and confuſed. The third aſcitititious heat is wholly malignant and pernicious, cauſed from ſome venenate or peſtilent matter, not from the exuperancy of its quality, as the firſt, nor from putrefaction, as the ſecond, but is ſubſtantially different, and inimicous to the vital and implanted heat.

CHAP. II. Of the differences of Feavers.

SEeing that all Feavers are cauſed by an aſcititious heat, and not by a natural, as was ſaid before, it is neceſſary we take their differences firſt from the eſſence of heat, then from the ſubject in which the Feaver is, or from the manner of the motion of heat, or from the cauſe of the Diſeaſe, or from the matter, or ſymptomes.

The firſt difference then is from the eſſence of the praeternatural heat,From the eſſence. by which ſome action is alwaies hurt, becauſe there is a receſſion from the natural ſtate, and by how much the greater and more vehement this heat is, by ſo much the greater ought the Feaver to bee accounted; as for example, a 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, a Burning feaver may be ſaid to bee greater than any other Feaver, becauſe its heat being more intenſe it appears more acrid and mordent than any other humoral Feaver; but on the contrary, if you compare it with an Hectick, it is leſs than that, becauſe this poſſeſſes the very ſubſtance of the heart, but that the Humours near unto it.

Another difference may bee taken from the ſubject wherein the Feaver is,From the ſubject. as for example, by how much the nobler the part affected is, by ſo much the more vehement the Feaver, as that Feaver which proceeds from a Phrenſie, peripneumony, or inflammation of the Lungs, or from a Pluriſie by reaſon of the parts affected, ſhall bee farre more dangerous than that which follows an inflammation of the Reins, Spleen, or Foot; beſides, the Feaver is proportionate, or improportionate in relation to the ſubject, and thence ſhall be eſteemed greater or leſs, as a Burning feaver is proportionate in a Body hot and dry, of youthful age at Midſummer, or in a hot and dry region, and conſequently leſs dangerous than the improportionate, which ſhould happen to an aged body, cold and moyſt in the Winter ſeaſon, and in a cold and moyſt Country, as Hippocrates doth excellently note it, Aphor. 34. Sect. 2.

The Third is from the manner of the motion,From the manner of the motion. and motions here, is nothing elſe but a ſwift or ſlow tranſition from one ſubject to another; the ſwift motion is as often as the heat paſſeth from a craſſe thick ſubject, to a tenuous one, as for example; as oft as an intermitting Feaver doth paſs into a continual or other putrid one; and on the contrary, the ſlow motion is as often as an Ephemera or putrid feaver degenerates into a Hectick, for the Spirits are eaſier ſet a fire than the Humours, and theſe eaſier than the ſolid parts of heart and body; likewiſe an unputrid Synochus being neglected, doth eaſily paſs into a putrid one, and ſo of other ſorts of Feavers.

The Fourth is from the efficient cauſe,From the efficient cauſe. which is three-fold, the one evident, the other internal, the third occult; the evident is drawn from thoſe Six non-natural things, as from the air, inanition or repletion, &c. the internal from fluxions on the ſtomack or lungs, obſtruction, crudities, or putrefaction of humours, &c. The occult cauſe may be double, external, and internal, the external as the contact of a Torpedo, impure copulation, the uſe of malign and venenate medicaments, &c. from whence are Feavers epidemical, endemical, ſporadical, and peſtilential, ſaith Hippocrates and Galen, the internal cauſe is hard to bee diſcovered, becauſe beſides the putrefaction, there is a certain venenate air, or breath, which is for the moſt part unknown to us, whether it depend on the element of Stars, and therefore is called by Hippocrates, Quid divinum, as was that ſweating ſickneſs in Brittaine, which did not only depopulate England, but Germany and France.

The Fifth difference is from the matter,From the matter. which conſiſts either in the ſpirits, or the humours, or the ſolid parts, and theſe three Hippocrates in the ſixth of his Epidem. laſt Section, text 19. calls 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, containing, contained and impetuous bodies.

The containing,The containing. are the ſolid parts in which are cauſed Hectick Feavers, both univerſal and particular, they firſt invade the ſubſtance of the heart, then equally the other parts: theſe primarily and per ſe, poſſeſs the ſubſtance of ſome private part, from whence they are communicated to the heart, and to the reſt of the ſolid parts, as to the Lungs, Midriſt, Stomach, or Liver, &c.

The contained,The conta n d. are the four Humours which offend either in quantity or quality, in quantity as often as theſe Humours are more or leſs enflamed in the heart without putrefaction, and hence are the Epacmaſtical, Acmaſtical, and Paracmaſtical Feavers; in quality, in relation either to touch, ſight, or taſte, according to Hippocrates, as by the touch of the Pulſe, ſome are judged mordent, others milde, and temperate in compariſon with others; others appear moyſt as bilious Feavers, ſuch as are your continual tertians, or burning Feavers, all which are mordent, eſpecially about the ſtate of the Diſeaſe, and before the Criſis; the m lde ones are ſuch as the true Diary Feaver, which ends with a ſweat or moyſtneſs, and your unputred Synochus, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is moyſt, of which Galen makes mention againſt Lycus; for theſe in reſpect of other Feavers are called milde and temperate. To the ſight are referred the red ones, as the unputred Synochus, which is from a more fervid bloud, the white ones as Quotidians, the livid as Quartans, Syncopal, or Peſtilential Feavers; others are arid and horrid to the eye, as the colliquating Hectick, and that of the ſecond or third degree. In relation to taſte, ſome are ſaid to be ſweet, as thoſe from natural Flegme, and many bloudy ones, which even after putrefaction retaine ſome ſweetneſs; others are bitter as the bilious, others ſalt, as thoſe from ſalt flegme, and the hybernal cauſes, or winter burning Feaver.

The impetuous are the vital,The impetuous. animal, and natural ſpirits; in the vital ſpirits is cauſed a Diary of one day, if the ſpirits be tenuous, of more daies, If they be craſſe; but more of this in its proper place. Some Feavers are long, others ſhort; ſome diurnal, others nocturnal; ſome ordinate, others inordinate; ſome periodical, others erratical, according to the condition of the Sick, the quality of the morbous matter, or its quantity and motion.

The Sixt difference of Feavers is taken from their Symptomes,From the Symptoms as often as a part is poſſeſt with an inflammation, and theſe Feavers are always continuall, whether bloud, choller, or flegme ſuperabound; if bloud, the Feaver is called Phlegmonodes, if choller, Eryſipelatodes, and Typhodes, or burning; and they have another name or appellation from the part affected, as from the Liver Hepatica, from the Spleen Splenica, from the Bladder Cyſtica, from the Throat Cynanchica, from the Head Phrenitica, Lethargica, Comatoſa, from the Lungs Pneumonica, from the Side Pleuritica, from the Midriff Diaphragmatica, from the Wombe Hyſterica, from the Stomach Stomachica, &c.

CHAP. III. Of the diviſion of Feavers.

ALL Feavers of what ſort ſoever are either Eſſential, or Symptomatical, the Eſſential is either ſimple, compound, confuſe, erratick, peſtilent, or of malignant nature.

The Simple is either in the ſpirits,The ſimple Feaver. or humours, or ſolid parts; chiefly in the vital ſpirits, then in the animal and natural (if there be any ſuch) is the true Ephemera which laſts but one day, but longer if the ſpirits be craſſe. In the Humours are ingendred divers Feavers, of which ſome are continual, others intermitting, and of the continual ſome are from the Humours not putrefied, others from putrid humours, and theſe either from the humours equally, or inequally putrefied.

Thoſe which are from the humours not putrefied are from the bloud inflamed in the heart by a preternatural heat,An unputred Synochus. which by the greater veines diffuſed into the habit of the body, doth primarily, and per ſe hurt our actions. Theſe differ from an Ephemera nominally, and in reſpect of the matter not really, nor in way of cure, becauſe the one is in the ſpirits inflamed, the other in the bloud unputrefied; both may proceed from the ſame external cauſes, and the ſame method and remedies ſerve for the cure of both, they are continual, and have but one acceſſion, although there bee three ſorts of them diſtinguiſht by their ſeveral names.

The firſt is,The Homotonos. when the heat remains equal and alike to it ſelf, through the whole courſe of the Feaver, and how much is inflamed anew, ſo much is preſently diſſipated, and this the Greeks call Homotonos, or of equal tenor.

The ſecond is,The Epacmaſtic . when the late inflamation is greater than the diſſipation, and then the heat gathers ſtrength, and grows ſtronger, and this is called Epacmaſtical, or increaſing.

The third is,The Paracmaſtical. when there is more diſſipated, then is afreſh inflamed, and it ſenſibly declines till it end, and by the ſame Greeks is called Paracmaſtical, or declining; and this Synochus may laſt ſeven days, but an Ephemera tranſcends not the third day unleſs the ſpirits be craſſe; full bodies which abound with bloud, and fare deliciouſly and live idlely, and thoſe in hot and moyſt, or temperate regions, are moſt ſubject to the unputred Synochus, for the moſt part it ends with ſweating or moyſtneſs, as an Ephemera, which wants not its danger, if you neglect bleeding.

Feavers which are in the putred Humours are either from equal,The putred Synochus. or inequal putrefaction; if the Humours be equally putrefied in the great Veines, the Feavers are continual, and are three-fold diſtinguiſht by the ſame names as the unputred Synochus; for the firſt is Homotonos, when the putrefaction remaines equal and alike to it ſelf through the whole courſe of the Diſeaſe, and how much putrefies ſo much is emptied; the ſecond Epacmaſtical, when the putrefaction from the beginning to the end increaſeth; the aſt Paracmaſtical, when the morbifical humour is from the beginning to the end by degrees diminiſht. The •• three have no remiſsions, or exacerbations apparent at intervalls (becauſe the Humours are equally putrefied in the great Veſſels) as are in thoſe which proceed from the Humours inequally putrefied in the ſame Veſſels, of which in their proper place; neither have they any intermiſsions as are in the exquiſite intermitting Feavers, but laſt till the whole putrefaction is diſcuſſed; their ſigues are like to thoſe of the unputred Synochus, but more conſpicuous, becauſe they are from putred matter, but thoſe from the efferveſcency of heat.

The latter Phiſicians uſe the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ,The Synechis. for every continual Feaver cauſed from the Humours inequally putrefied in the great Veines, to difference it from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , which ſignifies the ſame, if you reſpect the etymology of the word. This Synechis, or continual Feaver, hath divers appellations according to the ſite of the Humour which doth unequally putrefie; if in the great Veines near to the heart, a 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 or burning feaver is ingendred, but if in the other Veines further off, a continual Feaver is cauſed, which hath its denomination from the predominant humour, viz. if Natural choler putrefie, there will follow a bilious Synechis, which every other day ſhall have its exacerbations and remiſsions, and in the morning eſpeciall ſhall be moſt remitted, but without intermiſsion, from whence is a continual tertian; if Natural flegme putrefie in the veines, there ſhall be a continual quotidian, which likewiſe every day at ſet hours ſhall have its remiſsions and exacerbations; if a melancholly humour putrefie, there ſhall be a continual quartan, which every fourth day ſhall have its intenſion and remiſſion, but no intermiſſion.

Amongſt thoſe Feavers which are cauſed from Humours inequally putrid,Intermitting Feavers. there are ſome others which differ from the continual, both in matter and ſite, and are called intermitting, for the matter of continual Feavers is natural, but that of intermittings is excrementitious; the ſeat and matter of the continual, is in the great Veines, but that of the intermitting without them, as in the Liver, Stomach, Spleen, Inteſtines, Meſentery, and habit of the body, ſo that if excrementitious choler putrefie, it is called an intermitting tertian, becauſe it recurres every thrid day, begins with rigour, and ſometimes with vomiting, if it be exquiſite, whoſe fit is twelve hours, or leſs, according to the quantity of choler producing it, and is terminated with Sweats, then ends in an apyrexy, or perfect infebricitation, and the fuel of this Diſeaſe is principally in the Liver; likewiſe if excrementitious flegme putrefie, out of the great Veſſels is cauſed an intermitting quotidian, whoſe fit is eighteen hours by reaſon of its coldneſs, craſſneſs, and clammineſs, and it begins with a coldneſs of the Noſe, Eares, Hands, and Feet, and is terminated with a moyſture, and not with ſweat as a tertian, the fountain of this is the Stomach, if glaſsie flegme putrefie in the ſame place; there is another kind of Feaver which the Greeks call 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , the word is derived from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , which is milde, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the Sea, becauſe as that at firſt ſeems ſmooth to the Marriner, and by and by is toſt with moſt horrid Tempeſts, ſo this Feaver at firſt invaſion is gentle, and ſo takes root, and a little while after precipitates the ſick into moſt deſperate dangers, or as Aegineta would have it, it is derived from the Adverb 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, gently, and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , heateth; to this kinde may bee referred thoſe from Rheume, and that which accompanies the Green Sickneſs, but of them in their place. If a melancholly excrementitious Humour putrifie there, it begins with horrour, and ſometimes with vomiting, as a tertian, and the fit is twelve hours, or more, or leſs, according to the quantity of the Humour, and recurres every fourth day, and therefore is called a quartan, which is the longeſt of all Feavers, and hath its ſeat in the Spleen; and ſo much for Feavers in the Humours inequally putrified, whether continual, or intermitting; and though Hippocrates and Galen make mention of a Quintan, Sextan, Septan, and Nonan, we muſt not think they proceed from any next kinde of Humour, but are to bee referred to a Quartan, and to be cured by the ſame method, onely the difference is that a Quintan is cauſed from an atrabilarious humour, and is the worſt of all, fulleſt of danger, and of the greateſt eſſence, ſaith Galen, Commen. on the third Section of the firſt Book Epidem but the reſt are from a melancholly humour.

A Hectick Feaver (although it bee in the ſolid parts) is to be reckoned amongſt the Simple Feavers,A Hectick it differs from a peſtilential, in that it is free from any venenate or malign quality, from the Humoral, that is free from putrefaction. A Peſtilent Feaver is likewiſe numbred amongſt the Simple, though it differ from them by its venenate, contagious, and pernicious quality, by which it contaminates our ſubſtance, and amongſt malignant Feavers may be numbred, thoſe from vitellinous, aeruginous, and praſſinous choller, according to Galen, and Hippocrates, and Avenz ar in his Theiſir, A Leipyria is placed alſo amongſt malignant Feavers by Hippocrates, in his Epidem. and Progno. 2. Lib. 3. and by Galen in his Comments upon thoſe Books, it differs from an exquiſite cauſe by its malignity, and is always deadly, according to Galens Commen. on Aph riſ. 48. Sect. 4. and c. 4. of his Book of Inequal Diſtempers, it kills the fourth day, or ſooner, and follows great inflammations of the Viſcera, ſo much of Simple Feavers.

A Compound Feaver is that which is made either of two intermittings mixt,Compound Feavers. as a double tertian, a double and triple quartan, or of a continual and intermitting, as a hemitritaean, or a Hectick with a putred make a Compound Feaver, and ſo likewiſe of many others.

The confuſed is as often as two or three Humours doe putrefie together,The Confuſe. whether in the great Veines, or out of them and in the ſame place begin together, and end together, for this mixion ingenders no compound but a confuſed Feaver, and the one cannot be known from the other, becauſe the ſignes are ſo confuſed from whence it hath its name, as for example, if Choler and Flegme putrefie together in the great Veines, there ſhal be two continual Feavers in the ſame place, which make a confuſe, and no Compound Feaver; on the other ſide, if the ſame Humours putrefie with melancholly in the leſſer Veines altogether, and in the ſame place, there ſhall bee two or three intermittings, which mixt doe likewiſe produce no compound, but confuſed Feaver; ſo a double continual tertian will be confuſed, and not compound, becauſe the putred matter is contained in the ſame place.

The Erratick,The Erratick. or inordinate Feaver is that which obſerves no type, or order of other Simple Feavers, whoſe humour putrefies in divers places, and moves from one place to another, from whence is the diverſity of the fits; ſometimes it intermits four dayes, ſometimes eight, and ſometimes more, and then recurres; ſometimes it comes ſooner, and is called praeoccupant; ſometimes moves ſlower, and is called retardant; and ſo much for eſſential Feavers. A Symptomatical Feaver, though it be continual, yet differs from the former, becauſe its matter is not contained in the greater Veines, neither hath it any exacerbations, or remiſſions, but depends on the inflammation of the part which it poſſeſſes, from whence it hath its name, as is obſerved in the ſecond Chapter.

CHAP. IV. Of the Circuit of Feavers.

TO finde out the Reaſon of the Circuits of intermitting Feavers is of no ſmall moment amongſt the Learned, for what one allows, another reprobates, every one applauding his owne phanſie; leaving then their nicities, I ſhall declare my owne opinion, having premiſed ſomewhat for elucidation of what ſhall follow; all the parts of the body are endued with four Faculties, to wit, the Attractive, Retentive, Alterative, and Expulſive, and as long as theſe are free from any fault, man lives in perfect health, and when one of theſe is too ſtrong for the other, he is affected with various Diſeaſes as if an excrement be inherent to any part, and cannot bee expeld from it by reaſon of its weakneſs, it becomes burthenſome to it, becauſe it is neither diſcuſſed nor removed; or if by reaſon of its coldneſs, craſſeneſs, or clammineſs, it obſtruct the paſſages through which it ought to be expeld, it putrefies, and cauſeth a Diſeaſe, and the heat contracted by putrefaction is very offenſive to the heat, and firſt of all occupies and infeſts the Spirits, becauſe they are tenuous, then the Humours, becauſe they are more cra •• e; and laſt of all the ſolid parts, and this heat from the heart through the Arteries diſperſed to the whole body generates a Feaver and hurts our actions. The cauſe then of the ſhortneſs or length, of the anticipation or tardation of the Circuits, may be taken from theſe Six things viz. From the Species of the Humour, from the quantity, quality, habit of the Body, diſpoſition of Strength, and complication of Feavers.

There are four Humours in the Body,From the Humour. one of which exceeds the other in quantity and quality, as if pure bloud putrefie in the great Veines, (which is hot and moyſt) it begets a continual Synechis, if out of thoſe Veines, it produces an intermitting, its thinner part is turned into choler, and the craſſer into melancholly, as Alexan. Aphrodiſ. learnedly notes.

Another cauſe of the circuits is from the quality of the Humour,From the quality. and weakneſs of the part where the excrement is heaped up; as flegme next to bloud exceeds other Humours in quantity, and being cold of quality, and moyſt, craſſe, and clammy, by its frigidity it reſiſts putrefaction, and by reaſon of its craſſeneſs and clammineſs is not ſo eaſily reſolved as bloud, and hence are the length of its fits, and by reaſon of the reliques and imbecillity of the part, new excrement is heaped on it, thence are new fits which recurre every day; and if yellow choler putrefie in a part, it cauſeth the like, though more difficultly than flegme, by reaſon of its drineſs, by which it more powerfully reſiſts putrefaction, and becauſe it is a tenuous humour, and not craſſe, it is farre more eaſily reſolved than flegme, and leaves leſs reliques behind it in the affected part; and hence is it that its fits (which it cauſeth) doe ſooner end in an infebricitation, and greater time or interval is required for a new acceſſion, but becauſe the part is debilitated by the former excrement, it readily receives the new, which putrefying as before cauſeth a new fit, neither ſooner nor later than the third day, and laſts twelve hours, and is therefore called a tertian, becauſe it recurres every third day. The melancholly juyce retained in a part doth not ſo eaſily putrefie as other Humours, by reaſon of its two qualities which reſiſt putrefaction, viz. frigidity and ſiccity, and therefore it intermits two daies, and returns every fourth day; and though the former matter bee emptied, yet there is a weakneſs and diſpoſition of the part (as in the other) to receive a freſh humour, from whence follows a new fit, which for the moſt part laſts twelve hours, ſometimes more, ſometimes leſs, according to the quantity of the humour oppreſſing the part.

The quantity of the Humour,Object. againſt this opinion. whether much or little, cannot of it ſelf be the cauſe of the longitude, or brevity, anticipation, or tardation of the fit, it is true, a great quantity doth oppreſs the part, and a ſmall is quickly reſolved; but that alone cannot be the efficient cauſe, becauſe the ſame motion is obſerved to bee from a ſmall and great quantity, and that it is ſo, let choler or melancholly be found in any part of the body putrefied, it is moſt certaine that choler will move neither ſooner nor later than the third day, nor melancholly than the fourth, therefore the quantity of the Humour alone cannot be the cauſe of the circuits, or of the longitude, or &c, of feaveriſh fits.

But rather the quality is the cauſe of the length or ſhortneſs of the anticipation,From the quality. or poſt-poſition of the fits, which your epileptical inſults ſeeme to manifeſt, for they proceed not ſo much from the quantity of the humour, as from the quality offenſive to the braine, and thus Womens courſes flow at ſet moneths and dayes, not by reaſon of the quantity of the bloud, but quality, whether they be much or little, unleſs ſomewhat intervert the courſe of Nature; and ſo wee muſt judge of the Humours, in which there is a certain occult quality, unknown to us, which cauſes flegme every day, yellow choler every third day, and melancholly every fourth, to grow furious, and bee moved; Hippocrates ſeems to favour this opinion in his Proaemium to the firſt Book of Prognoſticks, where hee thus Prophecies, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. whether there be nor ſomewhat Divine in the Diſeaſe, which according to Ariſtotle, in proportion anſwer to the Element of Stars; now the ſtarry Element is ſaid to be that which operates beyond the order or power of the Four Elements, and is ſcarce comprehenſible.

The habit of the body whether denſe or rare,From the habit of the body. may be the cauſe too, of the length or ſhortneſs of the fits, but the anticipation or tardation may bee referred to the ſubſtance of the matter, or to the multitude or paucity; the ſubſtance is either craſſe or tenuous, if craſſe and clammy the fits ſhall be longer, if tenuous ſhorter; if to the multitude, or paucity, a little is eaſier diſſipated and reſolved than a great deal, from theſe two then, the anticipation or tardation of the fits may bee cauſed.

The Fifth cauſe of the Circuits may be from the ſtrength,From the ſtrength. for if the alterative and expulſive faculty of every part be ſtrong, they will caſt off all the excrement to the parts deſtined for it by Nature; contrariwiſe, it they bee both weak, that remaining doth by degrees putrefie, becauſe it is not diſcuſſed, and ſo it moves ſooner or later according to its quantity, or quality, or both together, and the paroxyſmes are longer, or ſhorter.

The complication of Feavers may change the courſe of Circuits,From the complication. becauſe ſome are from a cold Humour, craſſe and clammy, others from a hot and tenuous; ſo the one is moved, corrupted, and reſolved ſooner, the other later, from whence is the ſhortneſs or length of the fits; beſides our dyet, whether good or bad, if in tempeſtivous doth help or hurt much, or the Patients intemperancy, and irregularity.

The efficient cauſe of putrefaction is either external,The cauſe of putrefaction. or internal; the external doth chiefly depend on corrupt meats, or evil juyce, which can no way be corrected by the help of Nature, and which are apt to corrupt and affect the Viſcera; the internal cauſe is either from obſtruction, or the occurſion of putrid things, for obſtruction, cauſed by craſſe & viſcid Humours hinders perſpiration, and ſo the Humours reteined, and neither diſcuſſed, nor cooled, doe eaſily putrefie though they be good, and hence a Feaver; of the ſame force is that obſtruction which proceeds from a plenitude of the Veſſels, which is above our ſtrength; for they therefore putrefie becauſe they cannot be concocted, nor governed by our enfeebled ſtrength. The occurſion of putred things doth firſt corrupt the Spirits, then the Humours, as the filthy exhalations, and putrefaction of vapours, drawing in the Air from the Gallical Elephantiacal, and of thoſe infected with a putrid or peſtilent Feaver.

CHAP. V. Of the Conſtitution of Feavers.

SEntentious Hippocrates in the 12th. Aphoriſme of the firſt Section, reduces the times of Diſeaſes to two, viz. the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that according to Galen in the firſt Book of Criſes, What the cataſ a ••• it. chap. 4. is the conſtitution of the whole Diſeaſe, or its duration conſcribed within its four times, viz. the beginning, increaſe, ſtate, and declination, the knowledge and diſtinction of which times is ſo neceſſary for a Phiſician, that without it hee can neither prognoſticate aright, nor preſcribe proper diet or remedies.

The ſignes of theſe four Univerſal times are taken from the Idaea,From whence are the ſignes of theſe tim s. or ſpecies of the Diſeaſe, from its motion, from the nature of the fits, from the figure of the body, from the ſtrength of the Patient, from the ſeaſon of the year, and age of the Patient, from the pulſe and rigor, from the hour of the fit, and the vehemency of the ſymptomes, from the length or ſhortneſs of the fits, from the nature of the evacuations, from the crudity or coction of the Urine, and of the Humours cauſing the Diſeaſes.

The Idaea or ſpecies of the Diſeaſe is chiefly taken from its motion:From whence is the Idaea of the Diſeaſe. for a ſwift motion ſhewes that the ſtate will be quickly, and a ſlow motion that it will fall out later. Thus a burning Feaver by reaſon of its eſſence is ſaid to be vehement, and quickly comes to its ſtate; and a peſtilent Feaver by reaſon of the governing faculty it affects, is vehement, and hath a ſpeedy ſtate, and an inflammation of the Lungs, by reaſon of the dignity of the part, ſpeeds to its ſtate.

From the nature of the fits you have theſe Signes,2 From the fits. if they be ſhort, the ſtate is near; if long, afarre off.

From the Figure of the body,3 From the figure. if the face with the Hypochondria bee ſuddainly extenuated, it denotes the Feaver to be acute, and of ſwift motion, but if the body be not impaired, it is a ſigne of its longitude.

If at the beginning the Sick be more than ordinarily weakned,4 From the ſtrength. it ſhews the Diſeaſe to be acute, and of ſwift motion; if otherwiſe, to be diuturnal.

If the ſeaſon,5 From the ſeaſon. age, region, cuſtome, and dyet of the Patient be all agreeing, the Diſeaſe ſhall be ſhort; if otherwiſe, long; as for example, if a young cholerick body at Midſummer, in a hot Country, feeding high, on meats of good juyce, and drinking pure wine, ſhould be taken with a tertian, it ſhall ſooner leave him, than if hee were an old man in a cold Country, and Winter ſeaſon, fed with cold and moiſt meats, and ſeized on by the ſame Diſeaſe, and thus a Winter quotidian would bee longer to him than a Summer one.

If the pulſe be frequent,6 From the pulſe. ſwift, and great, it declares an acute Feaver of quick motion.

If the rigour be long,7 From the rigour. it ſhews the length of the Diſeaſe, becauſe the Humour is putrefied out of the great Veſſels, if ſhort, it ſhews the contrary.

If it alwayes invade at the ſame hour the Diſeaſe will be long,8 From the houre. becauſe it ſhews the Humour to be fixt, and hardly to be eradicated, but if it anticipate, or come later, it will be ſhorter, and bee more eaſily extirpated; ſometimes the quantity of the matter is the cauſe of the anticipation, as the paucity is of the tardation.

The vehemency of the Symptomes in the fit doth indicate the vehemency and velocity of the morbificall matter.9 From the Symptomes.

If the later fit laſt longer than the10 From the duration of the fits. former, it ſhews the augment, if ſhorter, the declination of the diſeaſe.

If in a former fit there was an evacuation made by ſweat,11 From the evacuation. and yet the next fit be as long, it denotes the length of the Diſeaſe from the quantity of the matter.

If at the beginning,12 From the urine. the Urine bee coct, the Feaver will be ſhort; if crude, long; for the Urine is of good judgement in Feavers continual, or intermitting. That water is tenuous in which appear no contents, but is of white colour, and denotes crudities; but if it be meanly craſſe with white contents, ſmooth, and equal, it ſhewes coction, and the brevity of the Feaver.

If the matter be not contained in the greater or leſſer Veines,Signes when the matter is out of the veines. but in the Stomach, then the ſignes are to be taken from the dejections or ſtooles, if in the inſtruments of reſpiration, from the ſpittle; if in the habit of the body, from the ſweat; Hippocrates in the firſt and ſecond Book of Prognoſticks; but that theſe four times may the better be diſtinguiſht, we ſhall ſet downe ſome examples of particular Diſeaſes, by which you may gueſſe of the reſt.

The beginning of a Feaver is then ſaid to be,How to diſtinguiſh the four times of Feavers. when the humour in which the Feaver doth conſiſt is crude, the augment when it begins to be concocted, the vigor or ſtate of the Diſeaſe is moſt vehement when it appears moſt concoct, the declination when all Symptomes doe abate; or in a word, an obſcure concoction determinates the beginning, a manifeſt, the augment, a perfect the ſtate.

The beginning of a Phlegmon is,The fo •• times of a Phlegmon. when the part is filled with bloud, the augment when the fluxion ceaſes, and the bloud collected putrefies, from which putrefaction is cauſed a heat, and from that heat a greater diffuſion, diſtending the part more, though there be no new afflux, the vigour is when it is turning to pus, the paine and hear being greater, the declination when the pus flowes forth, or is digeſt and reſolved.

The beginning of an Ophthalmy is, when there is a deflux of a thin,Signes of the times of an Ophthalmy crude, copious humour to the eye, the augment is when the humour is more craſſe, and hath ſome ſignes of coction, the ſtate is when it is yet craſſer, and leſs, when the eye-lids are glued together like to thoſe that ſleep, the declination when all things are more gentle, without the diſtinction of theſe times, the remedies reckoned up by Hippocrates, Apho. 31. Sect. 6. would little availe this Diſeaſe.

The beginning of an Ulcer is, when the ſanies is watry thin and incoct,The four times of an Ulcer. the augment when it is leſſe and thicker, the ſtate when the Pus is tenuous, white, and equal, when craſs and little, the declination; theſe four univerſal times of Diſeaſes are not alwayes equal, nor comprehended within a ſet number of dayes, not only in divers Diſeaſes, but in the ſame, one is ſometimes longer, ſometimes ſhorter, and not alwayes equal. Beſides theſe ſignes, the anticipation of the fit doth declare the augment of the Diſeaſe, as the tardation doth declination, though it is not univerſally ſo; for ſome quotidians, tertians, and quartans (by a certain propriety of the Diſeaſe) have from the beginning to the end always anticipated, as others have always been more tardant. If the fit anticipate, and be longer than uſually, and more vehement, and the intermiſſion ſhorter, more impure, and the feaveriſh heat increaſed, and the Symptome 〈…〉 it more grievous, they denote the ſtate; but if it be ſhorter, ſlower, more ſimple, and the Symptomes leſſe, they argue a declination of the whole Diſeaſe. The like obſervation may be made of Symptomatical Feavers, which ariſe from the inflammations of the Viſcera, whoſe times are the ſame with thoſe of Phlegmons. All this is to be underſtood of 〈◊〉 Diſeaſes, and not of thoſe lethal which run not through all theſe times manifeſtly, becauſe ſome kill in the beginning, others in the augment, others in the ſtate, and ſeldome or never in the declination, unleſs the Diſeaſe be malignant, and the ſtrength ſo deject, that it cannot expel the morbifical humour though it be concoct.

CHAP. VI. Of the four times of Diſeaſe in ſpecial.

IN the former Chapter we treated in general of the conſtitution of the whole Diſeaſe, now of the Paroxyſme or Fit, having firſt told what time is, and what a Paroxyſme; a Period, or Circuit, and what a Type, and wherein they differ.

Time is the number or meaſure of motion according to priority,What time is. and poſteriority, ſaith Ariſtotle in the fourth of his Phyſicks, but Galen in his Book to Thraſybulus deſcribes it otherwiſe, for he ſayes. Time is an alteration of the morbifical matter, made either by the natural or preternatural heat, ſince the times of Diſeaſes are eſſentially meaſured by the mediate paſſions cauſed in the living parts of our bodies, and thoſe in relation to coction.

A Period is the time of intermiſſion and remiſſion,What a period is. when a Feaver returns from one place to the ſame againe, as for example, if a Tertian Ague begin the tenth hour with rigour, and the third day return the ſame hour with rigour, it ſhall be an intermitting tertian; if a Feaver begin with cold, it ſhall be an intermitting quotidian; if with horrour, a quartan.

In the Period,What is the type. Paroxyſme, or Circuit is concluded the Type, which is nothing elſe but the order of intenſion, or remiſſion, comprehended in the period, which denotes both the time and ſpecies of the Diſeaſe, ſaith Galen.

The matter of intermitting Feavers is ſometimes moved from one place to another,The time of intermitting Feavers from moveable matter. ſometimes moves not, but reſts quiet in a part, now when the matter is moved the times of intermitting Feavers are Six, viz. The beginning, the inequality, the increment, the ſtate, declination, and integrity, or interval.

The Fit or Paroxyſine is divided into the acceſſion,The diviſion of the fit. which is the worſer part of the whole Circuit, beginning from the firſt invaſion and laſting to the ſtate, and remiſſion, which is the more benigne part, ſaith Galen in his Commentary on Aphoriſ. 12. Sect. 1. and Chap. 3, 4, 5. of the times of Diſeaſes; now to the acceſſion belong the four firſt times, to the remiſſion, the two laſt, which are now to be explained.

The beginning is,The firſt time. when the matter begins to be moved, and Nature hath not yet begun to work upon the matter.

The inequality,The ſecond time. when the matter begins to putrefie, and putrid vapours aſſault the heart, and a feaveriſh heat is diffuſed without the heart, which whiles it is expanding, Nature gives battle againſt the matter.

The augment is,The third. when the heat is equally expanded throughout all parts, and the heat is more intenſe, and Nature re-acts on the morbifical matter.

The ſtate is,The fourth when there is an omnimodal equality in the feaveriſh heat, that is when the heat is extended through all parts in an equal degree.

The declination is,The fifth. when there is a gradual inequality of heat, or when the heat is diminiſht, and Nature overcomes, and the ſeaveriſh heat forſakes the heart, and invades the extreame parts and feet.

The integrity is, when the Feaver is quite offThe Sixth. but theſe Six may very well be reduced to Four, becauſe the former of the inequality is reduced to the beginning, the latter part to the augment, and the integrity is no time of the Feaver, but of the Period; and ſo much of Feavers, whoſe matter is moveable from place to place. Now let us ſpeak of that matter which is not moved, but remains in a part, by reaſon of its weakneſs, that it cannot expel it, and therefore putrefies, and cauſeth a putrid Feaver, which the matter being emptied doth intermit, but becauſe the imbecillity of the part is ſtill remaining, and certaine ſeminaries of the former matter, therefore a new excrement is eaſily received, which being corrupted cauſeth a new fit.

The beginning of theſe fits is, when the ſuperfluity begins to putrefie,The times of theſe putrid are but four. the augment when the fuliginous putrid matter aſſaults the heart, and the humours contained in it are inflamed, ſo that its innate heat is made fiery hot, the ſtate is when this fiery Fervor is brought to the height, and the de bate is ſtrongeſt between the feavouriſh heat and Nature, the declination is, when Nature overcomes the fiery heat, and expells it (if the matter bee tenuous) by ſweat if the pores be open, and the expulſive faculty ſtrong, or by Urine if thoſe paſſages be open, or by the ſtoole if the matter be craſſe, which is the way appointed by Nature for ſuch excrements.

The beginning of theſe Diſeaſes is known from the pulſe rare and ſlow,The ſignes of the times of theſe Feavers. from a plumbeous or ſublivid colour, a coldneſſe of the extreame parts, ſſoath, ſadneſs, paine, and profound ſleep, the heat being retracted to the heart, and the braine refrigerated, from their eye-lids ſcarce moveable, the matter moving outwards and moleſting them, from their ſalivation cauſed by the concuſſion of the rigour or horrour, the ſalival matter reſiding in the glandules about the root of the tongue, being expreſſed by it.

When a dry Cough is cauſed,The augment. the thinner part of the moiſture falling into the rough Artery, it being ineffectual and vaine, the ſick is worſe affected, and then is the augment with a great pulſe frequent, and the heat expanded to all the parts.

The ſtate followes when the heat is conſiſtent at its height,The ſtate. neither encreaſed nor diminiſht, the Symptomes vehement, the Pulſe greater, ſwifter, and more frequent then ordinary.

If the declination tend to death, (which is very rare) the pulſe is weak,The declination. unequal, and inordinate, but if to health, then all Symptomes are remitted, and ſtrength daily encreaſed.

Theſe Four times are to bee obſerved both in ſal brous Feavers, and mortal, but in different reſpects; in the third Chapter we told you, that ſalubrous Feavers were either in the Spirits, or in the Humours, or in the ſolid parts.

In the Spirits is a Diary,From whence the times of a Diary. whoſe times are not taken from the matter, nor from the ſymptomes, but from the eſſence of the preternatural heat kindled in the vital ſpirit of the heart. The whole fit of this Feaver is twenty four hours, ſometimes ſhorter or longer, according to the quantity of the febriſh heat, craſſeneſs of the ſpirits, the ſtrength of the ſick, or thickneſſe of the skin, but if it be exquiſite, it ſpeedily runs through its four times.

The Humours may bee inflamed without putrefaction,Feavers without putrefaction of the Humours. and cauſe a continual Feaver, which hath but one fit, and that longer than a Diary, whoſe four times are taken from its eſſence, and from the matter, viz. (the fervid bloud hurting our actions) whether it be homotonous, epacmaſtical, or paracmaſtical; and theſe four times may be diſtinguiſhed though ſhort, and the matter not moveable from place to place. Next, let us examine the Sings by which the Four times of Feavers which ariſe from the Humours equally putrefied, whoſe matter is quiet and immoveable may be diſtinguiſhed, and afterwards of thoſe inequally putrefied; we will ſpeak firſt of thoſe whoſe matter putrefies in the great Veines, and if equally there ſhall ariſe a threefold continual Feaver, which come not alike to the integrity or interval, and end with one fit, and has no periods, yet hath its four times diſtinguiſhable; The firſt is, when through the whole courſe of the Diſeaſe, the meaſure of putrefaction is alike, and the Greeks call this Homotonos; the ſecond is, when the putrefaction is greater than the diſſipation, and this is called Epacmaſtical; the third is, when the diſſipation is greater than the putrefaction, and is called Paracmaſtical, and their four times are diſtinguiſht by their intention, and remiſſion, and putrefaction; if the Humours which are contained in the great Veines doe unequally putrefie, it is either the thinner part of the bloud, or cholerick bloud which putrefies, and it cauſes a continual tertian, or flegme, or the cruder part of the bloud, and cauſes a continual quotidian, or the craſſer part, of the bloud, and maketh a continual quartan, of which more at large in their proper places; the times of theſe Feavers may be diſtinguiſht from what is aforeſaid, if the Humours putrefie out of thoſe greater Veines, the Feavers ſhall bee intermitting, and their four times ſhall be more evident than thoſe of continual, becauſe the matter moves from place to place, and they are terminated by urine, ſweatings, vomitings or looſeneſs.

Mortal Feavers ſeldome have four times,The times of mortal Feavers. for ſome kill in the beginning if they bee pe acute, and the Patient weak; others kill in the augment, when the Sick is ſtronger; others in the ſtate, when they are yet ſtronger, and the Feaver is leſs acute, as Galen ſhewes in his firſt Book of Criſes, chap. 2. and Hippocrates in the firſt Book of his Epid. Sect. 2. Text 45. ſaith, No man dyes in an univerſal declination, for coction ſignifies a ſpeedy indication, and ſecurity of health; the reaſon is, becauſe in the declination of a Paroxyſme, or fit, the morbificall matter may not be overcome, and ſo death may follow, either from the weakneſs of the faculty, or from the malignant quality, or from the quantity of the Humour wherewith Nature is overwhelmed, or by ſome errour of the Phiſician, though ſignes of coction doe appear; to prove this, Avicen in Book 4. fen. 2. tract 1. chap. 98. brings for an example the ſmall Pox of Children, in the declination of which ſometimes death follows, not by reaſon of the Pockes which are in declination, but by reaſon of the Feaver, and malignant quality annexed. Another example there is, that a man may dye in the declination of a Synochus, not by reaſon of the eſſence of the Feaver, but by neglect of the malignant matter the cauſe of it, or being prepoſterouſly handled, as Galen notes in his third Book of Criſes; theſe four times of Diſeaſes according to Hippocrates and Galen can no more bee deſcribed by a certaine number of daies, and houres, than the decretory daies can, by reaſon of the various temper of the Humours, and the diſeaſed, as ſhall further appear in the next aſſertion, for an acute Diſeaſe hath ſhorter times and a Chronical longer.

The four times of a Hectick Feaver are not taken from the matter,The times of a Hectick. nor from the Symptomes, but from the eſſence of the preternatural heat which works upon the primogenious humidity of the heart, whoſe beginning is when the feaveriſh heat begins to work on the rorid ſubſtance of the heart; the augment, when it begins to conſume it; the ſtate, when the humidity is conſumed; the declination, on, when that native humidity begins to be reſtaurated.

CHAP. VII. Certaine Phyſical Canons, or Rules for practiſe.

ALL Rules for Curing are taken either from the Diſeaſe, or from its Efficient cauſe, or from the nature and ſituation of the affected part, or from the Symptomes; from the Diſeaſe, as a Feaver, whoſe preternatural heat is in the Spirits, Humours, or ſolid parts, and is not ſimple, but conjugate, viz. hot and dry, which according to Hippocrates axiome, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, things are cured by their contraries; that is, by coolers, and moiſtners, and this is the firſt Canon. The ſecond is taken from the morbifical putrid matter, which requires an ablation, or removing. The third from the nature and ſite of the affected part, as if the braine be affected, it requires other remedies than the Lungs, and this other than the Stomack, Liver, Spleen, Guts, Reines, Bladder, or Wombe, from the Symptomes, if they be great with imminent danger of life, as if a Syncope be accidental to a Feaver, we muſt oppoſe that, omitting for a while the cure of the Feaver; but if they bee ſmall, we muſt reſpect both, ſo that we principally attend the Diſeaſe. The feaveriſh beat both of continual and intermitting Feavers ariſing from a putrid filth, cannot ſafely and wholly be extinguiſht, before the putrefaction be repreſſed, and the impurity taken away, for the method of curing requires this, that first wee remove the cauſe, then the effect, unleſſe ſomething more urgent forbid it; the impure Humour then is firſt to bee purged forth, and then if any extraneous heat be left, either in the Humours, or parts, it is to be extinguiſhed, and by preparatives, and things opening obſtructions to be removed; but againſt this Doctrine it is objected, That things cooling doe per ſe encreaſe obſtructions, incraſſate the matter, and hinder its evacuation, and the ſtipation being increaſed, and the fuliginous vapours included, the putrefaction is doubled. On the other ſide, aperient, detergent, and purging Medicines are all almoſt hot, and therefore per ſe are bad, and intend the Feaver; In this difficult caſe we muſt uſe the temperate Rootes, ſuch as are the ſharp Dock, Graſſe roots, Butchers Broom, and Aſparagus, which open obſtructions without any manifeſt heat, and doe not increaſe the feaveriſh diſtemper, and ſo the worſt is prevented, If the body bee ſtrong this method is ſtrictly to be obſerved, that is, to remove the efficient cauſe, and thorowly to open the obſtructions with the aforeſaid aperitive meanes, and then the putrid humour is to bee purged, although the Feaver be a little exaſperated by the Medicine that does it; but when by the fire of the Feaver the ſtrength is much reſolved, then we are to uſe cooling Medicines both inwardly and outwardly as Juleps, Epithems, &c. which with all poſſible ſpeed may extinguiſh the heat, omitting a while the cauſe, for it is not ſafe to increaſe the Feaver by ſuch things as cut off the cauſe, leſt life depart with the Diſeaſe, but it is better in my judgement to extinguiſh the burning Feaver, though you ſomewhat tranſgreſſe againſt the cauſe, but in curing of putrid Feavers, the firſt place is due to the cauſe, that part of the matter be emptied, then to imitate Nature by preparing it, which when by her aſſiſtance it ſhall appear to bee coct, then it poſſible to eradicate it, that the Feaver be not diuturnal; the emptying of the matter may be either by bleeding, or purging at the very beginning if nothing hinder.

Bleeding in all putrid Feavers,Of Bleeding. eſpecially the continual, is not to bee neglected, ſaith Galen, in the eleventh of his Method of curing, having premiſed a cooling Gliſter, or Suppoſitory, if the Patient were bound; nor in intermitting Feavers when there is a plenitude, or pulſative paine in the head, or toſſing of the body with a ſuffocating heat, leſt it degenerate into a continual Feaver, or the putrefaction ſpread wider, and it is to bee done on the intermitting day, or at the time of remiſsion in a continual Feaver, provided age and ſtrength allow it; if the Feaver be very vehement and urgent, to let bloud in that violence is to kill the Patient, ſaith Celſus; and if the body be weak, let bloud a little at a time, ſo the ſtrength will not bee impaired, becauſe part of the burthen with which Nature was oppreſt being taken off, ſhe doth the more eaſily bear the reſt, and with leſſe force tame and ſubdue it, ſaith Galen; and we ought not ſo much to eſtimate the years as the ſtrength of the diſeaſed.

A late Writer hath publiſhed, that Bleeding ought to be celebrated in all Diſeaſes, which I cannot allow, though I admit it in moſt, but more ſparingly when the Feaver is from a cold humour, leſt by its refrigeration the crudity be doubled, and doe not eaſily admit of concoction, if the Diſeaſe will ſuffer it, the beſt time for bleeding is the Spring, if not, it may be adminiſtred at any time of the year, if ſtrength permit, eſpecially if there be a plenitude, ſuppreſsion of the Courſes, or Hemorrhoids.

If the Sick be bound in body, before you let bloud, give a Suppoſitory, or Gliſter, or eccoprotical Medicine that is gently purging, leſt that the putrid matter ſhould be rapt, or forced from the firſt region of the body into the greater Veines, and ſo inquinate the bloud, and make it more impure; the ſame is to be obſerved before we give a peritive medicines.

Purging is to be uſed at the beginning,Purging if the matter bee turgid, Aphor. 10. Sect. 4. in Diſeaſes very acute; purge the firſt day, if the matter invite to excretion, for delays in ſuch caſes are dangerous, and it muſt be done by ſome minorating Medicine, that part of the impurity being taken away, the remainder may the more eaſily be concocted, for according to Hippocrates Aphoriſ. 22 Sect. 1. we ought to move that which is concoct, and not the crude matter, nor at the beginning unleſſe it be turgid, and for the moſt part it is not, and afterwards to purge with a ſtronger Medicine, unleſs it be done by the benefit of Nature; neither are we always to wait for the concoction of the Humours, eſpecially where the matter is turgid, and with its fluctuating motion running from place to place perturbes the whole body, as it happens in the moſt acute Diſeaſes.

If the Feaver be continual it is better to purge at the time of remiſſion, whethe it be in the morning or evening, than at the time of its exacerbation, or upon an odde or decretory day, if ſtrength give leave, otherwiſe they are firſt to be refreſhed with nouriſhments of good juyce, and thoſe rether liquid than ſolid, becauſe thoſe are of eaſier diſtribution, and then wee are to uſe meanly purgers appropriate to the humour; but if the Feaver bee intermitting, then purge on the day of reſt, or upon the fit day, if the fit come not till after Dinner, at which time the humour is moved by Nature to expulſion, the ſtrength having firſt been repaired by nouriſhments, for then it is eaſier, and with leſs pains driven forth, being in motion, as I have found by experience in curing of Quartans, as oft as I gave Phiſick on the fit day; beſides, it may be confirmed by reaſon, for that purging bee inſtituted according to Art, we muſt conſider the motion of Nature, whether ſhe tends upwards or downwards, and the ſeaſon of the year, and the inclination of the Sick, for if it be Winter, and the Patient aged, and vomit eaſily, and his ſtomach be full of crude clammy flegme, He ought to have a Vomit, ſaith Polybius, in his Book of good Diet, which is falſely aſcribed to Hippocrates the Great; for the Six Winter moneths purge by the upper parts: on the other ſide, If hee vomit not eaſily he is not to be forced, ſaith Galen, and after him Aetius, but is to bee Purged downwards, by ſome Medicine accomodate to the morbifical humour, at firſt purging thoſe purgers which have an aſtriction with them ought not to bee uſed as Myrobalans; juyce of Roſes, and the Sirrups compounded of them, eſpecially if there be obſtructions which uſually accompany putrid Feavers; and in purging of the humours we muſt be careful to uſe ſuch preparation, that the paſſage be made open, Hippo. Aphoriſ. 9. Sect. 2. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. that is, when we would purge a Body, we muſt make it fluxil, that the humour to bee emptied may yeeld, and be obedient to the traction of the medicament, for if the paſſages be obſtructed, and putrefaction cauſed for want of ventilation, then before we purge wee are to uſe inciſive Medicines for the craſſe humours, detergent for the clammy, and ſo to clear the obſtructions; and ſometimes we are to appeaſe and allay ſome heady humour (which ought not to have been purged) that by its furiouſneſs and fervor, it ruſh not on ſome principal part, or by its acrimony exulcerate where it paſſes.

The manner then of preparation, is to be proportioned to the humour, for the mitigation of the Diſeaſe; as for example, in acute Feavers we uſe Sirrups and Apozems, which are made of ſuch things as are attenuating and cooling, or which are deterſive, and not very hot, as you may ſee in the ſecond part of my Enchiridion, but in diuturnal ſlow Feavers, which flegme or melancholly ingenders, ſtronger and hotter means are required; and thoſe fierce humours which bleeding will not temper, nor purging carry away, we muſt bridle, and obtund with refrigerating Medicines, not of thin ſubſtance leſt they be more exagitated, nor of craſſe becauſe they hinder evacuation, but of a middle nature, which have a little auſterity, or acidneſs, or both joyned with them, ſuch as are your Omphacium, juyce of Sorrel, Pomgranate, or Citron, by which the acrimony and putrefaction of choler may be retunded, and the heat kindled in the humours, be impeded from ſpreading any further. If beſides the putrefaction there ſhall be any ſuſpicion of venenoſity, we muſt mixe with the former ſuch things as by a ſimilitude of ſubſtance doe repreſſe it, whether inwardly or outwardly applied, which ſhall be deſcribed in our Tract of malignant and peſtilent Feavers; detergent and attenuating Medicines are to be fitted both for preparation of hot and cold Humours, becauſe both Humours by their clammineſs, or craſſeneſs may obſtruct, as is manifeſt in vitellinous choler; if a deterſive, and attenuatory faculty bee joyned with a cold quality, as in Succory, it is the more efficacious, and of more frequent uſe than that joyned with a hot quality, as in Worm-wood, Hyſſope, Origanum, and that is to be uſed in hot Diſeaſes, theſe in cold with mulſe, and not with plaine water, eſpecially when the heat is ſluggiſh, and the means not eaſily inflamed; but on the other ſide, with cooling Medicines we at once reſiſt both the fervor of choler, and heat of the Feaver, and prepare the vitious humour which doth foment it before we purge, by a diverſe quality as more at large in the Second part of our Enchiridion. There are ſome that ſtoutly maintaine the opinon of Avicen, That thin cholerick humours ought to be incraſſated before they be purged; which opinion ſeems to contradict Hippocrates and Galen, and may thus be reconciled. If ſincere, or excrementitious choler be thin, it is not to bee incraſſated before purging, but preſently to be caſt forth, for ſo it eaſily yeelds to the attraction of the Medicine, and thus the opinion of the Greeks is true; but if the ſame choler be craſſe and tenacious, as the vitellinous is, then it is to be attenuated and deterged, as Avicen would have it, otherwiſe it cannot be driven forth, but by force and damage to the Patient; but if it be mixt with bloud, then wee are to expect concoction from the benefit of Nature, but the Fautorers of Avicen object againſt the opinion of the Greeks, That unleſſe the thin humours be incraſſated, they will be fixt in our members, penetrating into the moſt retired parts of our bodies; to which objection ſome anſwer, If the choler be infixt it will grow thick, and cauſe obſtructions, and then extenuating and detergent, and not incraſſating Medicines are neceſſary, or by attenuating remedies Nature is helped to excerne the noxious humour by urine or ſweat; neither doth the ſtrength of this Argument reach to preparation before purging; ſhall that which is craſſe then be attenuated, and that which is tenuous incraſſated? Galens opinion is, that That which may return to its natural ſtate be altered, as by incraſſating the thin (viz. in Diſeaſes of the Breaſt) and attenuating the craſſe, but not ſo in preparation, or alteration before purging; and by this diſtinction the Greeks and Avicen may bee made friends. Others give other Reaſons againſt Avicen thus, The firſt Natural action is Attraction, to which thin Humours are moſt obedient, and moſt readily follow the medicament; the ſecond is a kind of violent expulſion, by which alſo thin Humours are moſt eaſily driven forth, therefore they are not to be incraſſated.

There are three ſorts of purging Medicines, ſome purge by Traction, ſuch as Hippocrates, and the ancient Greeks uſed, as Euphorbium, Lathiris, Elaterium, Scammonium, Colocynthis, Helleborus, &c. which wee uſe not now, unleſs in great Diſeaſes, or in ſmall quantity mixt with other things, and corrected, and on ruſtick bodies, whom gentler Medicines will little or nothing move, and not in continual Feavers ſprung from a hot cauſe.

Others purge by ſmoothing, or ſuppling, as Manna Cal. Caſsia Egypt, Sena, Polypody, Sirrup of Violets, &c.

Others purge with aſtriction, as Rhubarb, all the Myrobalans, juyce and Sirrup of Roſes, which we uſe when the parts are to be ſtrengthened, and there is no obſtruction which they may prejudice; he that is to take a Purge in them morne, let him not take Sirrop of Poppies over night, or diſſolve Treacle, or new Mithridate in it, becauſe the cold quality they have from Opium doth hinder purging, according to the experience and authority of Galen in his twelfth Book, De Theria. to Piſo. In the ſtate of the Diſeaſe abſtaine from purging, that Nature be not called from her work, but commit the whole buſineſs to her, becauſe then all Symptomes are moſt violent, otherwiſe you add evil to evil, eſpecially if a Criſis be near, Hippoc. Aphor. 29. Sect, 2. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. at the height is is beſt to be quiet; and in the next Aphoriſ. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. at the ſtate of Diſeaſes all things are moſt vehement, and therefore abſtaine from medicaments, or any way to move or irritate Nature, &c. Aphor. 20. Sect. 1. If the Criſis be perfect all is ſafe, and no more is to be done, but if there be any thing left, it is to be removed by Medicine for fear of a relapſe, Aphor. 12. Sect. 2. that of Diſeaſes which is left within after Judgement, does uſually cauſe a return of the Diſeaſe; upon a critical day if there appear no ſignes of coction, but of crudity, though there be an excretion even in the ſtate of the Diſeaſe, it is not to be truſted to, neither ought we to fear thoſe evil accidents which happen not according to reaſon, but the noxious humour is to be emptied that the Diſeaſe returne not, Aphoriſ. 27. Sect. 2. if any light thing happen beſides reaſon in acute Diſeaſes, we are not to truſt to it, nor to be diffident if a greater buſineſs happen not according to reaſon, for ſuch things are very uncertaine, and of no long continuance, the whole matter of a Diſeaſe then cannot be rooted out, unleſs concoct and after the ſtate, when thoſe preter-rational Symptomes are abated, and Nature is aſſiſting to us; on the contrary, if there appear ſignes of a vaſal plenitude, or of crudity, we muſt abſtaine from purging, and neither provoke ſweat, nor urine, leſt the vitious humours, ſo moved, be carried into the greater Veines, and exaſperate the Feaver, and make it more contumacious; by what remedies urine and ſweat are to be moved, I have taught in my Enchiridion, in the firſt, ſecond, and third Chapters of the Second part. Theſe are the chief and general Canons to be obſerved in curing of Feavers, whether continual or intermitting; other rules wee ſhall ſet downe in their proper place, now for their cure in ſpecial.

CHAP. VIII. Of a Diary Feaver.

THis Feaver Hippocrates calls 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 that is, flatuous,Of the name. and the other Greeks 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , becauſe it continues but a day, rather than from a Fiſh Ariſtotle makes mention of in his Fifth Book of Animals, about the end of the nineteenth Chapter, but the Latines call it a Diary, which ſometimes is extended to more daies, when the ſpirits inflamed are craſſe, which if not reſolved it degenerates ſometimes into a putrid Feaver, ſometimes into a Hectick or malignant Feaver, ſaith Galen.

The cauſes of this Feaver are either external,Of the external cauſes. or internal; the external are taken from the Six Non-natural things, as from the Air too hot and dry in the Summer, or the heat of the Country, or the hot and dry temperament of the Patient, as the Picrocholous or cholerick natures, whoſe ſpirits are eaſily inflamed, from whence is an Ephemera; ſometimes by the cold air, or uſe of aluminous Bathes, the skin is condenſed, ſo that the fuliginous exhalations which ſhould be excerned through the skin are repreſſed, and ſo the ſpirits are eaſily inflamed; ſometimes it is from drinking of Wine, Drunkenneſs, long Sleepes, or continual Watchings, over-much labour, hard riding, idleneſs, or want of exerciſe, from the motions of body or mind, as from Anger, Fury, Hunger and thirſt, Suppreſsion of ſome hot humour, as of the Courſes, or Hemorrhoids, from the contract of ſome Feaveriſh body, from an actual or potential cautery applied to a cholerick or plethorick body, from hot meats, acrid Medicaments, ſalt things, and the like.

The internal cauſes are obſtructions,Of the internal cauſes. whether cauſed from without, or within; from an external cauſe, as from the thickeneſs of the skin, from within, as when a ſharp diſtillation from the braine falls upon the heart through the Arterial veines, which inflames the vital ſpirit, whence is a Diary Feaver. Sometimes other viſcera are obſtructed, as the Meſſentery, Liver, Spleen, Reins, Bladder, Wombe, and when theſe are obſtructed firſt of all, the Natural ſpirits not being ventilated grow hot, and by their power alter the ſpirits of the heart, and increaſing their heat beyond the bounds of Nature cauſe a Feaver.

Another internal cauſe is the inflammation or ſwelling of the Glandules, which makes a Diary, Hippocrates Aphoriſ. 55. Sect. 4. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. that is, all Feavers from ſwellings are bad, except the Diary, and he ſaith the ſame, Epid. 2. Sect. 3.

The Signes are taken from the efficient cauſes,Of the Singes. whether they be originated from things external, or internal; if it proceed from an external cauſe, you may know from the relation of the ſick; if from the internal cauſes, by the heat, pulſe, and urine, Hippo. 6. Epid. Com. 1. text 29. and Galen in the firſt to Glanc. chap. 2. and 9. and 10th. Method of Curing, chap. 4. for if it be exquiſite the heat is milde, and gentle to the touch, which ends with a madidneſs or ſweat; the pulſe is ſwift and frequent, but equal and temperate (in caſe it be not joyned with a putrid or Hectick Feaver) except in that which proceeds from anger, ſadneſs, hunger, crudity, thickneſs of the skin cauſed by cold, for then the diaſtole is greater, and ſwifter than the ſyſtole, the ſubſtance, colour, and ſediment of the urine differ little from that which is Natural, Galen to Glan. And its fits are very eaſie, if it ariſe from the inflammation of ſome Bubo, or from the ſuppreſsion of ſome humour, the urine ſhall be higher, and thicker, with a little ſediment, and that craſſe and crude; it invades with rigour, and eaſily degenerates into an unputrid Synochus, if the Sick bee plethorical; or into a Synechis, if he be Cacochymous, or into an Hectick, if it be neglected, or ill cured.

Such are moſt ſubject to it,Who are ſubject to it. as are picrocholous and of a hot and dry temperament, and in the Summer time; if it be exquiſite, it is cured by the benefit of Nature alone, and for the moſt part its fit is twenty four hours, but ſometimes laſts till the third day, when the vital ſpirits are moſt craſſe, if it be prorogued longer it is not exquiſite, but is either an unputrid Synochus, or joyned with a putrid Feaver, into which it eaſily degenerates.

The rule for Cure is not taken from the matter,The Cure becauſe there is none, but from the eſſence of the Feaver, which conſiſts in the preter-natural heat, wch ought to be remedied by coolers, and moyſtners, for the faults of the ſpirits cannot be taken away by purging or bleeding, becauſe here is neither cacochimy nor plenitude; Hippocrates in the Fourth part of his Book of Dyet in acute Diſeaſes, and Galen in his Book of Procatarctical Cauſes, cured Menander ſick of a Diary cauſed by heat, with Paregorical, and Diaphoretical Medicines, as Baths, Frictions, and Oyntments.

We uſe Baths when wee intend to relax the skin,The profit of Baths. call forth tenuous fullginous vapours, and change the habit of the body, but in the declination of the Feaver, with gentle friction, that we may cauſe ſweats, and the fumid excrements may be diſcuſſed, and then eſpecially when there is no crudity in the chief Veſſels, nor inveterate obſtruction of the viſcera, nor hardneſs or weakneſs, leſt that the crudity bee carried into all parts of the body; if none of theſe things be, then the Sick may ſafely waſh, otherwiſe not, leaſt that the obſtruction and weakneſſe of the viſcera bee increaſed, and the tumor, if there be any.

It is good againſt the thickneſs and obſtruction of the skin, from cold or aſtringent cauſes; if a Diary have its riſe from drineſs and heat, let the Bath be luke-warme, and not hot, having firſt emptied the belly if it were coſtive with a Suppoſitory, or cooling and moyſtning Gliſter, leaſt it degenerate into a Hectick, or Synochus. If from the thickneſs of the skin by reaſon of too great cold, or by uſe of aluminous Baths, Diaphoretical, and Paregorical Medicines muſt be boyled in the water, for thoſe take away obſtructions, and provoke ſweats, being of a hot and tenuous ſubſtance, and cauſe the cooleneſs of the water to penetrate the deeper, but theſe being temperate or hot in the firſt degree, and of thin ſubſtance, as the Roots of Marſh Mallows, Fenugreek, Flowers of Camomel, Melilot, and Elder, by theſe means the cloſeneſs of the skin is to bee made open, leaſt perſpiration being hindred, the Humours bee inflamed together with the Spirits, and ſo a putrid Feaver enſue to the great damage of the diſeaſed.

The ancients uſed Bathing more for delight than health, which cuſtome is now out of uſe.

We in France uſe Baths of plaine water, or with a decoctron of Plants, not for pleaſure, but for the cure of an Ephemera, becauſe they moyſten, contemperate the feaveriſh heat, and empty acrid vapours. To wipe off the ſweat is good, with gentle frictions with warme Oyle, becauſe it opens the pores of the skin, and calls forth the ſpirits from the center to the circumference, but too vehement doth ſtop them up.

Oyntment and Frictions are not good for ſuch Diaries as proceed from tumours inflamed, or from labour, becauſe there is no need of evacuation; Frictions are good in thoſe from obſtruction and repletion, but not in thoſe from inanition, though Galen did uſe gentle frictions in all Ephemeraes before the Bath or Oyntment, that the diſcutient water or oyle might pierce the deeper; and the ſame Galen in other procatarctical cauſes uſes contrary remedies, as for labour he commands reſt, for watchings ſleep, for anger calmneſs, for ſadneſs joy, and for venery chaſtneſs; theſe have no need of Frictions, only anoynt them with Oyle of Violets, and ſmooth over the body in the remiſſion, and before meats

If it be from Drunkenneſs, command a Vomit, if from cold, uſe Diaphoreticks; if from obſtruction of the viſcera, inciſive and aperient Medicines; if from a Catharre, purge next day; if from an Ulcer or Bubo, wee muſt attend the cure of Ulcers and Tumours, and ſo of the reſt.

The Diet is to be ordered according to the variety of the cauſe, if hot weather be the cauſe of the Diary, and the Patient be young, and his viſcera good without obſtruction, plethory, or cacochymy, of ſoluble body, and cholerick conſtitution, at the declination of the Feaver, he may be cured with plentiful drinking of cold water, if otherwiſe the Cure is to be altered; you muſt not nouriſh him in the augment or vigour of the Fit, but in the end, or out of it, Hippo. Aphor. the 11. Sect. 1. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. If you weigh the cauſe of the Diſeaſe, the ſtrength of the ſick, the age and ſex, you muſt nouriſh him with meats of good juyce, altered with cooling Herbs, which nouriſh ſpeedily, oppoſe the feaveriſh heat, but ſtick not in the pores of the skin, for the whole body ought to bee fluxil and tranſpirable, Hippoc. at the beginning of the ſixth Book of his Epidem. Sect. 6. and for this the chief thing is the juyce, or cremor of Barley.

If it proceed from anger, watchings, labour, immoderate venery, hunger, ſadneſs, then we muſt nouriſh the ſick with fleſh brothes, &c. if from crudity, gluttony, or from ſuppreſſion of ſome Natural excrement, conſtipation of the skin, ulcer, tumor, or great paine, then let the diet bee thinner; and if with the Feaver there be a plethory, or cacochymy, that muſt be taken off by bleeding, this by purging, not for any urgency of the preſent Feaver, but for fear of a putrid; in brief, in all Diaries, whatſoever is the cauſe, the nouriſhment muſt be Medicamental, and if the body be bound it muſt be thus looſened.

Take of boyled Hony an ounce, Mouſe turd, powder of Hiera, and ſalt gem, each two ſcruples, and make a Suppoſitory; or elſe make this Gliſter.

Take of Mallows, Violet leaves, Borage Lettice, each one handfull, Prunes twelve, of the four greater cold Seeds each two drams, water-Lilly-flowers, and Roſes, each a ſmall handful, boyl them in water to a pint, ſtreine it, and diſſolve in it Caſſia, with Suger, and the Simple Diaprunes each ſix drams, or as much of Galens Hiera and Diaphaenicum, if the Patient be a Sea-man, Porter, Carter, &c. and the Diary proceed from cold, with hony of Violets, Roſes, or Mercury, and oyle of Water-Lillies, each an ounce and half, and give the Gliſter; after this, if the ſick be plethorick, or full of bloud and young, or the Haemorrhoids or Courſes bee ſuppreſſed, draw ſix or eight ounces from the right axillary veine, as ſtrength ſhall allow; but if the Patient refuſe a Gliſter, then in the declination of the Feaver give this following potion.

Take of Melon-ſeeds pilled one dram, of Tamarinds two drams, Caſsia nexly drawn one ounce and a half, infuſe them in the common purging decoction all night over warme embers, ſtreine it, and diſſolve with it Sirup of Violets or Roſes of nine infuſions one ounce, and give this potion betime in the morne.

Or inſtead of this you may give an ounce and a halfe of Manna of Calabria, diſſolved in a little freſh broth.

It the Diary flow from the thickneſs of the skin, or the uſe of Alume-baths, then this following Bath made of Paregorical, and Diaphoretical things will be good.

Take of Mallows, Violets, Saponarie, Succory, wilde Endive and Lettice, each ſix handfuls; new Roſes if it be ſpring, or dried, if ſummer, four handfuls of Wormwood, and Centaury the greater, each two handfuls, Marſh-mallow roots ſliced, or bruiſed a pound, of Fenugreek-ſeed, and Saltnitre, each two ounces, boyle them in a hundred pints of water for a Bath, into which let the ſick enter at the declination of his Feaver, and drying his body let him goe to bed, and there ſweat an hour or two after.

CHAP. IX. Of an unputrid Synochus.

AN unputrid Synochus hath no ſmall Analogy with an Ephemera, for both are without putrefaction, and have but one Fit until their end; but they differ thus, an Ephemera is eſſentiated in a preternatural heat inflaming the vital ſpirits, and an unputrid Synochus in the bloud preternaturally calified in the heart without putrefaction; is is differenced from a Hectick, becauſe this it in the ſolid parts, from a putrid Feaver by its putrefaction.

The heat of a Synochus if compared with that of an Ephemera is acrid, if with that of the putrid, gentle, becauſe the bloud is of a temperate nature; the concluſion then may be,What a Synochus is. that a Synochus is a continual Feaver, proceeding from redundancy of bloud, heated beyond meaſure by a preternatural heat, but without putrefaction hurting our actions.

The cauſes are not unlike thoſe of an Ephemera but more vehement; the principal are the denſeneſs of the skin, or filth obſtructing the pores, and incarcerating fuliginous excrements, &c. which prohibiting the eventilation of the bloud, doe ſo inflame it, or the ſuppreſſion of ſome evacuation, as of the Courſes, Haemorrhoids, or from exceſſe and fury; thus the vital ſpirits are firſt inflamed by reaſon of their tenuity, then the bloud, which inflammation the Greeks call a Phlogoſis; but under the name of bloud you are to underſtand the four Humours contained in the greater Veines, which as often as they are inflamed without putrefaction they cauſe this Synochus, full bodies that fare well, and live idely, are moſt ſubject to it, &c.

This Feaver for the moſt part laſts till the ſeventh day begins with a coldneſs,The Signes and ends with ſweat, with a red urine, the pulſe ſtrong and ſwift, there is no danger in it unleſs ſome errour bee committed, and then it degenerates into a putrid Synechis, whence follows death, unleſs prevented by large bleeding; the whole body; but eſpecially the face is dyed with bloud, wearineſs poſſeſſes the limbes, the veines are turgid, the temples beat, the head akes, and often a deep ſleep ſurpriſes, with difficulty of breathing; the skin is ſoft, perfuſed with moyſture, and a gentle heat.

The cure is taken from the eſſence of the Feaver,The Cure. and cauſe of the Diſeaſe; the eſſence being hot and dry indicates contrary remedies, and the cauſe, its removal; Firſt then, let the diet be thin, cooling, and moyſtning Hippoc. Aphoriſ. 16. Sect. 1. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 a moyſt dyet is good for al feaveriſh bodies, eſpecially for Children, and thoſe accuſtomed to ſuch dyet, as Cock broth, or of Lambe, or Veal, alterd with cooling Herbs, and Barley waters, &c. or ſome acid ſirrups, as of Limons, Citrons, Pomegranats, &c. Galen reckons amongſt the chief remedies of this Diſeaſe bleeding till we faint if the body be open, otherwiſe to premiſe this Gliſter.

Take of the leaves of Violets, Burrage, Lettice, Purſlaine, each a handful, Prunes ſixteen, of the four greater cold Seeds each two drams, boyl them in water to ten ounces, the diſſolue of ſimple Diaprunum and Sugar each ſix drams, Hony of Violets, and Oyle of Water-Lillies each an ounce and half, and make a Gliſter, it cools, moyſtens, purges, and prevents a putrid Feaver, then let bloud, for the Veines being emptied that attract much cold art (to avoyd a vacuum) into the roome of the bloud, by which the reſt of the bloud is cooled, and reduced to its ancient ſtate, the fire extinguiſhed, and the putrefaction inhibited, becauſe both the Natural and preternatural heat are ſeated in the bloud and ſpirits: then uſe this Apozeme.

Take the Roots of Sorrel, Graſſe, Butchers Broom, & Aſparagus, each an ounce (theſe rootes reſiſt putrefaction, and by their tenuity of parts open obſtructions without any manifeſt heat) of both Succories, Lettice, Burrage, Purſlane, or Liverwort, each a handful, Prunes ſixteen, Endive ſeeds half an ounce, of the four greater cold Seeds each two drams, of Violet, and Water-Lilly-flowers each a ſmall handful, boyl them in three pintes of Water to a pinte and half, ſtreine it, and adde of the compound ſirrup of Endive, or of Oxyſaccharum ſimple four ounces, and Aromatize it with white Sanders for four or five days.

After the ſeventh day you may give this Purge;A Cholagoge. Cinnamon a ſcruple, Rhubarb four ſcruples, Try pherae, Perſicae three drams, Caſſia newly drawn an ounce, infuſe them one night in part of the Apozem over warme embers, then ſtreine it, and adde of ſirrup of Violets of nine infuſions an ounce and half.

CHAP. X. Of a continual putrid Feaver.

A Synechis,Feavers from Humours equally putrefied. or a continual putrid Feaver is two-fold, the one where the Humours are equally putrefied in the great Veines, the other when inequally; from thoſe equally putrefied ariſe three ſorts of Feavers, as did in a Synochus unputrid, viz. the Homotonous, Epacmaſtical, and Paracmaſtical, and theſe have no manifeſt intermiſſions, as intdrmitting Feavers, nor remiſſions, and exacerbations, as thoſe which proceed from the Humours unequally putrefied in the great Veines.

When the Natural Humours doe unequally putrefie in the great Veines, it is either natural flegme (which is nothing elſe but the cruder part of the bloud) which as often as it putrefies it cauſeth a continual Feaver, which is every day at ſet hours intended and remitted, from whence it hath its name of a continual quotidian.

If natural choller putrefie in the Veines near to the heart, it cauſeth a 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or Burning-feaver; if in places more diſtant, either upward or downward, a continual tertian is produced, which every third day is intended and remitted, but intermits not, becauſe the putrid matter is contained within the great Veines, and not out of them.

Laſtly, if a melancholly humour putrefie there, every fourth day it hath its remiſſions and exacerbations.

The external cauſes are like thoſe of an unputrid Synochus,The Cauſes. but ſtronger; the internal are obſtructions, either in the greater Veines, or in the skin, or in the ſmall Veines of the Liver, or habit of the body, which hindring perſpiration the Native heat is extinguiſht, and hence putrefaction, the parent of this Feaver.

The ſig es are taken from the mordent heat,The Signes urine, and pulſe; the urine is craſſe, red, turbid, faetid, and without ſediment, the pulſe not only great, vehement, and quick, but unequal and inordinate.

A Criſis does uſually happen in all Diſeaſes one of theſe ſix wayes, viz. How many wayes a Criſis may be. by bleeding at the Noſe, or by Vomiting, or by looſeneſs, or by ſweats, or by urine, or by parotides in malignant and peſtilential Feavers; if by chance Nature attempt a Criſis on the ſixth day, although ſignes of coction appeared in the urine on the fourth, yet it is dubious, and fore-tells a relapſe; but if with ſignes of coction the Criſis be with fainting, or any other grievous Symptomes it portends death; or if a looſeneſs ſeize at the beginnig, and the Feaver continue in the ſame ſtate with ſignes of crudity, it preſages death, becauſe Nature is overwhelmed with the plenty of matter; on the other ſide, if the Feaver be abated by the looſeneſs, the ſick well enduring it, and breathing freely, hee ſhall eſcape; if ſpots appear the fourth, day, either black or livid, death is at hand, for they denote ſome malignant quality, which had they been red only, and the Patient ſtrong with ſignes of coction, there were good hopes; this Feaver is moſt gentle in the morne.

The Cure conſiſts in evacuation,The Cure. and alteration; evacuation is to be made by bleeding, and that at the beginning for feare of ſuffocation or ſwounings, but if the Patient ſweat, or have the Haemorrhoids, or a Haemorrage, or the Courſes appearing, then the whole buſineſs is to be committed to Nature, but if they flow but ſparingly, and the Feaver be not mitigated bleed notwithſtanding; the ſecond part of the Cure conſiſts in alteration of the Humours, by cooling and opening without any manifeſt heat, and reſtraining putrefaction, as with the fore-mentioned apozem; beſides, uſe this cordial powder.

Take of red Corral,The cordial powder. and the fragments of the five precious Stones finely powdered each a ſcruple, the bone of the heart of an Hart, or of an Oxe, (for they are both of the ſame vertue) half a dram, of Pearl a dram, ſugar of Roſes a ſufficient quantity, and four leaves of Gold, let it be diſſolved in broth or ptiſſan, or in the decoction of Sorrel roots.

Take of the powder of Balm and Saffron each a ſcruple,An Epithem for the heart. Water-Lilly-flowers, red Roſes, and Grana Tinctorum, each two ſcruples, powder of Diamargaritum frigidum four ſcruples, red Wine two ounces, Scabious, Bugloſs, and Purſlane-water each five ounces, apply it to the region of the heart, with a thick red cloth.

Take of the Conſerve of Burrage and Marigold flowers each an ounce,A Plaiſter confection of Alchermes a dram, ſpread them on a ſearlet cloth, and apply it after the Epithem.

Take of the Cerot of Saunders,A Liniment for the Liver. and oyntment of Roſes by meaſure each an ounce, oyl of Roſes an ounce, then waſh them often with Roſe-water, adding half a ſcruple of Camphore, bath the part with a Linnen cloth, let it be cold in Summer, luke-warme in Winter, with three ounces of the white oyntment of Galen, and half a ſcruple of Camphore, anoynt the reines and loynes once an hour.

CHAP. XI. Of a Burning-Feaver, and continual Tertian,

THeſe Feavers differ not in matter nor cure,Feavers from humours unequally putrefied. but in their name and ſeat; both are cauſed by a cholerick bloud, putrefied in the great Veines, the Viſcera being well; that in the Veines nearer to the heart, as in the aſcending trunk of the Vena cava, and in the arterial Veine, and coronal of the heart; this likewiſe in the great Veines, but more diſtant from the arme-pits to the groine. A Burning-feaver is ſo called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 by way of eminency, becauſe it is ſo great a fire in the heart.

This Burning-feaver,The diviſion of theſe Feavers. as alſo a continual Tertian is two-fold, exquiſite, and not exquiſite; the exquiſite is from cholerick bloud putrefied as afore, the non-exquiſite is, when beſides choller, ſalt flegm, or ichors are putrefied with it, and this cauſus happens two wayes, the one when the Veines dried by the heat of Summer doe attract to themſelves cholerick ichors which are acrid, as we being deſtitute of good food, make uſe of worſe; the other way is, when ichors and other humours are caſt from ſome ſtrong part upon a weaker, and not ventilated, doe putrefie; thus likewiſe a continual tertian is two-fold, the exquiſite from cholerick bloud, the non-exquiſite from the admiſſion of flegme, melancholly, or ichors.

The external cauſes are the hot air,The external Cauſes. inſpiration of putrid vapours, a cholerick diſtemper, drunkenneſs, ſadneſs, by calling the heat from the circumference to the center, &c.

The internal are either antecedent,Cauſes internal. as obſtructions from craſſe and viſcid humours which hinder perſpiration, by which means even good humors putrefie; or a plenitude, either quoad vaſa, which diſtends the Veſſels, or ad vires, which cannot bee concocted and governed by nature. Or continent, as the putrid humour it ſelf, which inquinates the pure bloud of the heart, not the whole maſs at once, but that which is next it, and ſo by order of ſucceſſion.

The cauſe of a not exquiſite continual tertian is the mixture of ſalt flegme,The cauſes of a not exquiſite continual Tertian. or ichors, putrefying in the Veines of the Midriffe, which proceed from the aſcending Trunk of the Vena cava, or from the veines of the mouth of the ſtomach which flow from the Splenical trunk of the Porta, and make the ſtomachical coronary, or elſe it flowes from the hungry Gut, or the ſimous part of the Liver; the ſignes of both legitimate, and illegitimate, are almoſt alike.

The pathognomonical are taken from the burning heat which choller produces,Signs Pathognomonical of a cauſus. and the unſpeakable thirſt, the acrimony of the humour continually moleſting the heart and ſtomach, unleſs by chance a thin humor fall from the braine, and moyſten the tongue.

Signes aſſident or concurring are the drineſs,Signes aſſident. blacknneſs, and roughneſs of the tongue from the aduſtion of the humour paine of the ſtomach, Dreams, delirations, difficult breathing, the Lungs or Midriffe being inflamed, &c. ſometimes it begins with a gentle rigour, ſometimes with Vomiting, ſometimes with ſleepineſs if it be exquiſite, ſometimes with horrour, if it bee ſpurious by reaſon of the mixture of choller and flegme, at the beginning the urine is craſſe and turbid, the pul e ſmall and unequal.

The ſignes of an exquiſite tertian have great analogy with thoſe of an exquiſite cauſus,Signes of exquiſite Tertian. only they are more milde; the not exquiſite are diſtinguiſht by rigour, not by reaſon of the Feaver, but the expulſive faculty of the greater Veines, which empty themſelves into the leſs, and theſe into the habit and ſenſible parts; this Feaver becauſe its morbifical matter, is more diſtant from the heart, then that of a Cauſus, doth not with equal force and aſſiduity afflict it, but hath its exacerbations and remiſſions every other day.

If the parts about the heart be diſtended without paine,Prognoſticks they ſignifie an inflammation; if with paine at the beginning, death. If the ſignes bee grievous, it kills the fourth or ſeventh day; if good, ſecurity is promiſed the ſame dayes; if a rigour happen on the critical day, the Patient being weak it is death, but if ſtrong, the Diſeaſe ſhall end with ſweat.

CHAP. XII. Of the Cure of theſe Feavers.

LEt it be temperate,The Aire. or if too hot, be cooled with irrigations on the floore, and ſpreading coole Herbs, as Lettice, Vine leaves, Willow, Oke, Ruſhes, &c. with green flowers of Water-Lillies, Roſes, Violets, let vinegar of Roſes dilute with Roſe-water, ſuckt up by a Spunge be often eld to the Noſe; let the Linnen contrary to the vulgar opinion bee often changed, leſt its filth foment the Feaver.

Let his drink be boyled water,His Drink. with ſirrup of Vinegar, or ptiſſan, or water and ſugar, with a little juyce of Pomegranats, Citron, or Lemons; if you fear a Delirium, uſe the Alexandrine Julep, or ſirrup of Violets, and Water-Lillies.

If the Feaver bee ſpurious, and the Patient aged and weak in a cold air, a little Wine dilute, with boyled water and ſugar, with a toaſt may be allowed; let his food be liquid, cooling, and moyſtning, as Chicken, Veale, or Lambe broth altered with Purſlane, Lettice, Sorrel, Burrage, Bugloſs, Violets, Marigolds, with the greater cold Seeds, and white Poppy-ſeed, or Barley-water, acid Fruites, as Barberies, Strawberies, Rasberies reſiſt putrefaction; if he be much enfeebled, Gellies, and Analepticks muſt bee uſed.

Let bloud as ſoon as you can,Bleed. but if hee bee bound in body give this Gliſter firſt.

Take of Violet leaves,A cooling Gliſter. Mallows, Lettice, Gourds, Burrage, each a handful, Prunes ſixteen, of the four great cold Seeds each two drams, red Poppy-flowers, or Water-Lilly, and Roſes, each a ſmall handful, boyle them in Whey or Water to a pint, ſtreine it, and diſſolve of Diaprune ſimple, and Caſſia newly drawn (if it be exquiſite, if not of Diaphenicum, each ſix drams, honey of Violets, and oyl of Water-Lillies, each an ounce and half, or ſo much of oyle of Cammomel if it be not exquiſite, and make a Gliſter.

Take of Melon-ſeeds one ſcruple,A Bole. Rhubarb groſle powdered, if you would purge choler by ſtoole, or fine powdered if by urine, four ſcruples, Caſſia newly drawn ſix drams, let him take it with Sugar, and an hour and half after take freſh broth.

As often as Caſsia,A Rule to be obſerved. or any other purging Medicine is infuſed, the Doſe is to be doubled, and where you feare obſtructions, never purge with thoſe things that have an aſtriction, as Myrobalans, Roſes, and the ſirrups made of them; but inſtead of them uſe Manna, Caſsia, or ſirrup of Violets of nine infuſions; next, alter the humour, with Juleps which inhibit putrefaction.

As take of ſirrup of Endive compound three ounces,A Julep. Succory and Purſ ane water each half a pint, but if they be ſpurious take of Oxyſaccarum compound, which hath the opening roots in it, and a little juyce of Pomgranates, after ſignes of coction, purge forth the humour thus.

Take of Cinnamon a ſcruple,A Purge for Choler Rhubarb four ſcruples, Tamarinds two drams, Diaprune ſolutive ſix drams, infuſe them all night on warm embers in a decoction of the opening rootes, ſtrein it, & adde ſirrup of Violets of nine intuſions, or of Roſes ſolutive, with Agarick; if the Feaver be illegitimate, an ounce and half, and give the potion in a Spurious cauſus, take ſo much Diaphaenicum which purges flegme and choler; but if the Patient have a paine in the ſtomach, and be nauſeative, let him take a Vomit ſo he be not tabid, or narrow cheſted.

CHAP. XIII. Of a continual Quotidian Feaver.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the Juniors call it,Of the Name. becauſe it hath no intermiſſion, and to diſtinguiſh it from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , which is, an intermitting quotidian.

This Feaver differs from an intermitting both in matter and ſeat where the flegme putrefies, becauſe a continual one proceeds from Natural flegme contained in the great Veines, which is nothing elſe but crude bloud, which in time may be changed into good bloud,How a continual and intermitting differ. being of taſte ſweet, or inſipid, ariſing from the cold and moyſt part of the chyle, and as oft as this bloud is putrefied by a preter-natural heat in thoſe Veines, the other humours incorrupt is cauſed a continual quotidian; but an intermitting is cauſed from excrementitious flegme, putrefied by a preter-natural heat out of thoſe great Veines, viz. in the veines of the habit of the body, in the Liver, Spleen, Meſſentery.

The external cauſes may be taken from the aire,External cauſes. cloudy, cold and moyſt, from a flegmatick nature, the winter ſeaſon, drunkenneſs, ill diet, as entrals of Beaſts, &c.

The internal cauſes are a cold, diſtemper of the ſtomach, and of the meſeraick veines, which ſend the chyle incoct to the Liver, old age, cold humours falling from the head to the ſtomach.

This Feaver begins not with coldneſs, The Signs. as an intermitting, becauſe the matter is putrefied in the great Veines, but with vaunings and ſtretchings, for the moſt part it invades at night, the heat is leſs acrid and mordent than in a continual cholerick Feaver, becauſe the humour is colder, the urine at firſt is white, crude, and craſs, the pulſe ſlow, and rare, being oppreſſed with a craſs vapour raiſed from the flegme; the ſick are ſleepy, their Hypochondria ſtretcht with wind, their ſtooles white, their ſweat none, or very little, and clammy, this Feaver is uſually laſting, being from a cold tough humour, often brings to a Cachexy, or Dropſie; if the beginning be long, ſo will be the increment, and whole progreſs of the Diſeaſe; for the Cure, let him uſe a good diet, ſhunning thoſe things which ingender craſſe juyces, then purge the firſt region of his body with theſe following remedies.

Take of Barley,A Gliſter. Mercury, Violets, and Mallows, each a handful, Fennel, and Carret-ſeeds, each three drams, the tops of Dill, and flowers of Cammomel each half a handful, boyl them in water to a pint, ſtreine it, and diſſolve of Galens Hiera, and Benedicta Laxativa, each ſix drams, honey of Roſemary, and oyle of Camomel, each an ounce and half, and ſo give it.

If the Sick bee apt to Vomit, let him take this.

Of the juyce of Radiſh roots,A Vomite and honied water each two ounces, powder of Aſarum a dram, let him drink it warme.

Take of Succory,A Purge for the Flegme. Barley, and all the capillary Plants, each half a handful, Raiſins ſtoned eight, four Prunes, of the Cordial flowers a ſmall handful, boyle them in water to two ounces, then infuſe the Electuary of Diacarthamum half an ounce, Caſſia newly drawn an ounce, Agarick Trochiſcate a dram, ſtreine it, and diſſolve of ſirrup of Roſes ſolutive an ounce, give the potion. Take of Agarick Trochiſcate a ſcruple, of imperial Pills a dram, with honey of Roſes, make eight Pills to be given after midnight.

The firſt region of the body being thus clenſed,Bleed. open the baſilick veine of the right arme, and draw bloud according to the ſtrength, age, ſeaſon, region, and impurity of it, becauſe this being a continual Feaver, bleeding is good for this as well as others.

Then give this Julep,A Julep. Oxymel ſimple, and ſirrup of Maiden-hair, each an ounce and half, Fennel, and Endive water each half a pint, condite it with Cinamon.

Take of Fennel,An Apozem. and Parſley roots clenſed from the pith, Butchers Broom and Aſparagus each an ounce, of Maudlin, Succory, Endive, the common capillary Plants each one handful, the leſs Sea Wormwood half a handful, Raiſins ſtoned twenty, Figgs twelve, Endive ſeed half an ounce, Aniſeeds two drams, Bugloſs and French Lavender Flowers each a ſmall handful, Roſemary half a handful, Water and Hony two quarts, boyl away half, then clarifie the colature with honey of Roſes, and ſirrup of the juyce of Endive each two ounces, and condite it with Cinamon.

The matter being thus coct,Pills give Pills of Agarick, and ſimple Hiera each two ſcruples, and Trochiskes of Alhandal two graines, if they want a quickner make them up with honey of Roſes, and gild them; give them after the firſt ſleep; next day give this Bolus three hours before dinner, old Mithridate two ſcruples, conſerve of Roſemary flowers two drams with ſugar.

CHAP. XIIII. Of a continual Quartan.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, a quartan Feaver ſo called,Of the Name. becauſe every fourth day it is exaſperated, and remitted if it be continual; but if intermitting, recurs every fourth day; theſe two differ both in matter and ſeat, the matter of a continual quartan is Natural melancholly putrefied in the great Veines, the other humours remaining good; but the matter of an intermitting, is excrementitious melancholly, putrefied out of the great Veines in the Spleen, or meſentery. A continual quartan is two-fold, exquiſite, or ſpurious; exquiſite, when Natural melancholly putrefies alone; ſpurious, when other humours putrefie with it in the great veſſels, and this is moſt frequent.

The cauſes are either from a laborious life,The Cauſes. a cold and dry temperament, a declining age, the autumn, or an unequal air, and meats producing melancholly, as Swines fleſh, Hares, Salt Fiſh, Oyſters &c.

The chief ſignes are taken from the ſubſtance of the Feaver,The Signs. or nature of its heat, from the actions hurt, which appears by the inequality, ſwiftneſs, ſlowneſs, or rarity of the pulſe from the excrements and urine, this Feaver begins without horrour, becauſe the peccant matter is contained within the great Veines, the urine is various, but for the moſt part crude, by reaſon of the coldneſs of the morbifical humour, little or no ſweat, by reaſon of the paucity of the matter, little thirſt, and the tongue inclining to black.

A continual quartan,Prognoſticks. whether exquiſite or ſpurious, is deadly in old men, eſpecially if it follow an intermitting one, or a burning Feaver illcured, a ſpurious quartan if it take in the Summer is for the moſt part ſhort, but if in the Autumn it is long; for the Cure, firſt uſe meats of good juyce, rather liquid than ſolid, altered with Burrage, Bugloſs. &c.

Vſe Currans, Pine Nuts,The Cure. Figgs, Vinegar, though it be incifive is not good in this Feaver, becauſe by its coldneſs and drineſs it conduplicates the humor, but were it in the Spleen it were commodious.

At the beginning uſe gentle Purgers,A Rule for purging. becauſe by the ſtrength of ſtrong Medicines the humour grows thicker, and the thinner part being diſſipated, the terrene faeces remaine indiſſoluble, but in the declination uſe ſtronger; if the body be bound give firſt this Gliſter.

Take of Mallows,A Gliſter. Violets, Orech, Burrage, Bugloſs, each a handful, Flax and Fenugreek-ſeed each half an ounce, of the four great cold ſeeds, and Fennel-ſeed, each two drams (for melancholly people are windy) of the tops of Dill, Camomel, Melilot, Elder, each a ſmall handful in the colature, diſſolve of Catholicum and Diaſena, each ſix drams, honey of Violets, and oyle of Lillies each an ounce and half, give the Gliſter.

Take of Polipody of the Oke ſix drams,A purge for Melancholly. wilde Saffron ſeeds and Sena each three drams, Dodder of time two drams, Anni-ſeeds four ſcruples, Cloves two, boyle them in Whey to three ounces, then infuſe of Diaſena, or Diacarthamum ſix drams, ſtreine it, and adde ſirrup of Violets of nine infuſions, or ſirrup of Apples an ounce and half, and give it. The body being thus emptied, let bloud at the left baſilick veine, with a large Orifice.

If the ſick be inclined to Vomit,A Vomit then give him of the powder of the middle rine of a Walnut, or of Broom-ſeeds, or of the roots of Aſarum four ſcruples, with the decoction of Reddiſh rootes make a vomit, or Nettle-ſeed poudered given in Mulſe or Whey will doe the like; ſome give three or four grains of Stibium prepared, which I allow not but in ruſtick bodies.

Take of the ſirrup of the juyce of Fumitory three ounces,An altering Julep. Endive, and Burrage-water each half a pint.

Take of the roots of Bugloſs two ounces,An Apozem. ſharp Dock-graſs, Butchers Broome, Aſparagus, and Liquorice, each an ounce, of the middle rine of Tamarisk, and Aſh, or Elder, each half an ounce, of Fumitory, Hops, common Endive, Succory, Milt-waiſt, Balme, each a handful, Prunes fourteen, Cuſcute and Purſlane-ſeeds, and the four great cold Seeds each two drams, flowers of Tamarice, Broom, Burrage, Elder, each a handful, boyle them in order in a ſufficient quantity of water, then adde the juyce of ſweet Apples three ounces, a ſufficient quantity of Sugar, Aromatize it with a dram and a half of the powder of Galens Laetificans, with part of this decoction, you may make a magiſtral ſirrup by adding Purgers of melancholly, by which the Morbifical humour may bee purged epicraſtically; to ſtrengthen the viſcera uſe this.

Take of the Electuary of Hyacinth,Lozenges. or confection of Alkermes half a dram, powder of Diatriaſantali, and Galens Laetificans each a dram, white Suger diſſolved, and boyled in Fumitory water four ounces, and make it into Lozenges of two drams weight, with the conſerve of Succory flowers, and Milt waiſt each three drams, and give one, three hours before Dinner. If the Spleen require it, uſe this Oyntment.

Take of Gum Elemi,The Oyntment for the Spleen and juyce of Tobacco each an ounce, Oyle of St. Johns-wort, or Elder, half an ounce, of Roſen and Gum Amoniake diſſolved in Vinegar of Capers, and yellow Wax each two drams, on the fire adde powder of long and round Birthwort, and Cyclamen root each a dram, make an oyntment.

CHAP. XV. Of an intermitting Tertian.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is taken by the Greeks in general for every intermitting putrid Feaver, which ends, and returnes again, but Hippocrates eſpecially calls this Feaver of which we now treat, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , becauſe it recurs every third day, it differs from the continual, of which we have ſpoken, not eſſentially, but in matter, ſeat, becauſe their matter putrefies not every where, but in the leſſer veines which are in the ſtomach, liver, meſentery, guts, ſpleen, wombe, and habit of the body; an intermitting Tertian is twofold, exquiſite or ſpurious, the exquiſite is from excrementitious choller, which being manifold, there are many differences in Tertians.

The matter of an exquiſite tertian offends either in quantity or quality; the quantity is either great or ſmall, if great, either it putrefies in one place, or in divers at once; if but in one place, it cauſes an exquiſite tertian, which exceeds not ſeven Fits; but if the quantity be ſmall, it ſhall end the fourth or fifth fit.

If the matter offend in quality, as the choller is more or leſs hot, the whole conſtitution of the Diſeaſe and the fits ſhall bee longer or ſhorter, milder, or more tedious, for pale or excrementitious choller is ſarre more milde then yellow, and this, then vitellinous, porracious, or aeruginous, but the ceruleous is the hotteſt of all.

If choller putrefie in divers places together,Whence a double Tertian. and the ſame day, then is cauſed a double intermitting tertian, whoſe fits returne every third day, and are exacerbated, although they aſſault every day, and intermit, becauſe that which is putrefied is every fit emptied either by ſweat, vomit, or ſtool. The ſpurious one by the mixtion of flegm or melancholly, is longer than that from excrementitious choller only, and laſts according to the nature of the humour mixt, and by the Patients intemperance hath laſted from the Autumnal to the ſpring aequinox.

The cauſes of the exquiſite are all hot and dry,The Cauſes. as a hot Summer, hot aliments, hunger, thirſt, labour, ſtrong wines, hot liver, and temper, &c. The cauſes of a ſpurious one are idleneſs, effeminacy, winter ſeaſon, cold and moyſt diet, obſtructions, plenitude, &c.

The heat of an exquiſite Tertian is more acrid and mordent than that of the ſpurious,The Signs through its four times, it begins with rigour, and often with cholerick vomitings, and ends with an univerſal ſweat; when the rigour is off, the heat is like a light fire, burning with difficult breathing, the urine at firſt is ſomewhat red, of meane ſubſtance, and in the lower part ſeemes thin, in the upper opacus.

The ſignes of a ſpurious one are horrour, from the mixture of choller and flegme, a heat more obſcure than that of the exquiſite Tertian, and more manifeſt than that of an exquiſite quotidian, a pulſe ſmall and ſlow, which if it grow daily harder, the Feaver ſhall laſt many moneths, bitterneſs of mouth, paine in the vertebra's, with inflation of ſtomach, and loathings of meat ſometimes trouble them.

Before we let bloud let the firſt region of the body be emptied by a cooling Gliſter,A Caution. or minorating purge afore deſcribed, leſt the morbifical humour be wrapt into the greater veines, and ſo we cauſe a continual Feaver inſtead of an intermitting; let bloud on the intermitting day with a ſmall Orifice, to prepare the humour.

Take of Oxyſaccharum ſimple,A Julep. and ſirrup of the juyce of Endive, each an ounce and half, Succory, and Purſlaine water each five ounces, then purge him thus.

Take of Cinamon a ſcruple,A Purge for choller. Rhubarb four ſcruples, Tamarinds two drams, Diaprune ſolutive, or Electuary of Pſyllium ſix drams, infuſe them all night over warme embers in an opening decoction, then adde ſirrup of Roſes an ounce, give it on the intermitting day, or theſe pills.

Take of Diagridium four graines,Pills Rhubarb a ſcruple, of Pills Aureae a dram, make them up with ſirrup of Succory, and give them after the firſt ſleep

Take conſerve of Succory flowers,A Bolus. and of Violets, or Water-Lillies each two drams powder of Diatriaſantalum ſcruple, with Sugar make a bole to give next morne to allay the fire in the bowels.

CHAP. XVI. Of the Cure of a ſpurious intermitting Tertian.

THis Feaver is more frequent than the exquiſite, becauſe men indulge too much to their Genius, and its Fits and whole conſtitution is longer, by reaſon of the mixture of tough, craſſe flegme, or melancholly, the Fits are ſometimes twenty, twenty four, or forty hours, and then it is called an extenſe tertian; let the diet be inciſive, and deterſive, and ſomewhat refrigerating, the broths be altered with Endive, Burrage, Parſley, Wood-ſorrel, Purſſaine, and a fourth part of Hiſſop or Savoury, give Gellies which nouriſh much in ſmall quantity, and becauſe they are quickly excerned, repeat them often, and ſometimes give this powder.

Take of Galens Laetificans two drams,A Cordial powder. the Analeptick or Reſumptive powder half an ounce, pure Sugar ſix ounces, leaves of Gold ſix, diſſolve it in broth it wonderfully reſtores ſtrength, if the Patient be nauſeative.

Take of Nettle-ſeeds a dram,A Vomit. ſirrup of Tobacco, or ſimple Oxymel an ounce, give it warme in mulſe after meat, becauſe it troubling the aeconomy of the ſtomach, it better exonerates it ſelf with the meat, if occaſion be for a Suppoſitory.

Take of Honey boyled an ounce, ſalt Gemmes, and Mouſe-turd each two ſcruples.

Take of Cinamon a ſcruple,A Suppoſitary. Agarick Trochiſcate two ſcruples, Rhubarb four ſcruples, ſimple Oxymel and Diaphaenicum each ſix drams, infuſe them all over warme embers in a freſh infuſion of Damask Roſes, ſtreine it and give it.

If ſtrength and other things allow it,A Purge let bloud on the intermitting day.

Bloud, ſaith Avicen, is a brideler of choller, both in reſpect of its quantity and quality, for there is more or it, and being temperately hot and moyſt, it doth moderate the acrimony of choller, and experience tells us, that thoſe that are ſick of a continual tertian, and the phrenitical, are beſt towards morning, becauſe bloud hath then the dominion, and worſt towards night when flegme rules, and therefore in Aſia thoſe that were let bloud preſently became phrenitical, or delirous, and not thoſe which were not; but that region is farre hotter and dryer than Europe, then give this Julep.

Sirrup of Vinegar compound,A Julep. and honey of Roſes, each two ounces, Endive, Succory, and Agrimony water, each half a pinte.

Take of the five opening Rootes clenſed and bruiſed each an ounce,An Apozem. infuſe them in a ſmall quantity of ſimple Oxymel on the embers four hours, the herbs Succory, Endive, Liverwort, and the cappillary Plants each a handful, Penni-royal, Origanum, or calamint, each half a handful, Liquorice ſcraped and bruiſed two drams, Raiſins ſtoned twenty, Prunes eight, Endive ſeed three drams, Melon, Aniſe, and Fennel-ſeed each a dram and half, the three Cordial flowers, and Chamomel, each a ſmall handful, Time half a handful, boyle them all in order with the Oxymel and roots in two quarts of water till a third part be waſted, clarifie it, and aromatize it with Cinamon.

Take of Cloves half a ſcruple,A Purge. Agarick Trochiſcate two ſcruples, Rhubarb and Tamarinds each four ſcruples, Diaphaenicum ſix drams, infuſe them in part of the apozem and give it.

Take of conſerve of Succory flowers, Citron Pill candied each two drams, old Methridate half a dram, give it with Sugar three hours before meat.

Take of Pills Imperial,A bolus. a dram, of Agarick a ſcruple, Diagridium four graines, make them up with honey of Roſes.

To ſtrengthen the Liver,Lozenges for the Liver. take of the powder of Diatriaſantalum two drams, conſerve of Succory-flowers, and Citron pill condite each three drams, pure Sugar diſſolved and boyled in Agrimony water, four ounces, make Lozenges of two drams weight, and give one every morne; if melancholly be joyned adde thoſe things afore mentioned for it, inſtead of Phlegmagoges.

CHAP. XVII. Of an intermitting Quotidian.

THis Feaver is cauſed from excrementitious flegme putrefied, and every day hath new fits with a refrigeration or chilneſs, the place of putrefaction is the ſmaller veines and habit of the body, and chiefly the ſtomach, which is alwaies almoſt affected in this Feaver; ſometimes it is in the meſentery, the ſimous part of the Liver, Spleen, or Wombe; but if it putrefie out of the ſmaller veines, it doth not cauſe a Feaver, but ſome other Malady, as if it be putrid and ſtinking in the Braine, or in the Lungs after Cathars, and Aſtma's, or in the Wombe, from whence is a Womans Flux; or in the Guts, from whence are Worms, or in the bladder or reines, where it is dried into ſtones of divers colours.

By flegme is here meant any cold and moyſt humour produced in us, which may be putrefied from a hot or cold cauſe, that putrefied from heat, or the mixture of a ſerous moyſture becomes ſalt, from cold if remiſs is cauſed acid flegme, if intenſe, the glaſſie or albugenious, from theſe ſeverall ſorts of flegme are ingendred various Feavers.

A Quotidian Feaver is two-fold,The diviſion of this Feaver. the one from excrementitious flegme which is of ſweet taſte, or inſipid for the moſt part produced in the ſtomach, which when it putrefies in the leſſer veines makes an exquiſite Quotidian; the other is, when ſome other humour beſides flegme putrefies with it, and it is called a baſtard quotidian; let the Phiſician be careful he coufound not a baſtard Tertian, or double intermitting Tertian, or a triple Quartan, which have their fits every day with an intermitting quotidian, for their cure is farre different, and diſtinction difficult.

The cauſes of this Feaver are not unlike thoſe of a continual quotidian;The Signs gapings and wretchings precede this Feaver, with a coldneſs of the external parts, as of the Noſe, Fingers, Ears, Hands, and Feet: with a paine in the ſtomach, ſeldome with rigour, but with a gentle horrour, the pulſe inequal, inordinate, ſlow, and weak at firſt, afterwards more vehement and ſwift; the urine firſt thin, white, and crude, afterwards thick and turbulent; ſometimes they vomit flegme, have acid belchings, ſwellings of the Hypochondria, pale faces, and little thirſt; it uſually ſeazes after noon, towards the evening or night; its fits are for the moſt part eighteen hours, and therefore it is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 that is, partaking of both day and night, its intermiſſion is impure by reaſon of the quantity, craſſeneſs, and clammineſs of flegme which is left by the former fit, and is the cauſe of the following, becauſe it is not breathed forth by ſweat as in a tertian; this pituitous humour is hardly enflamed and moved, but the matter being coct, the vehemency of the fits ceaſe, as in all other wholeſome ſickneſſes, its heat is not burning, but meanly acrid.

The ſignes of a baſtard quotidian are confuſed,Signes of a baſtard Quotidian by reaſon of the excrementitious choller, or melancholly putrefying with it, but if choller bee mixt, you may know it from the Vomitings, ſtooles, urine, pulſe, and a more acrid and mordent heat, for ſome choller will be caſt up, the excrement will be yellow, and the water tinct with choller, the pulſe inequal and more frequent than in the exquiſite, the fits ſhorter, with thirſt and bitterneſs of mouth; if melancholly be mixt conſider its ſignes, with the Spleen illaffected.

Let the dyet be hot and drying,The Cure. inciſive and deterſive; let the drink bee decoction of Sarſa Parilla roote, ſirrup of Vinegar, or Hydromel; moyſt meat that is ſubſtantifically moyſt is good for all Feavers, ſaith Hippocrates, as broths of euchymous fleſh altered with Parſley, Fennel, Hyſſop, Savory, Marjoram, Sage, Time, with a little Endive, Purſlaine, or Burrage, if it be ſpurious, the meat is eaſily corrupted by a feaveriſh heat, as milke by the hot air; let them ſleep in the declination, and not in the beginning of the fit, if the ſick bee nauſeative give a vomit, and then what followeth.

Take of Sope an ounce,A Suppoſitary. powder of ſimple Hiera, Agarick, and Salt Gemmious each a dram, ſeeds of Coloquintida a ſcruple, beat them in a Morter with juyce of Mercury, make Suppoſitaries, and dry them up for your uſe.

Take of Origanum,A Gliſter. Penny-royal, Calamint and Mercury each a handful, ſeeds of Dill three drams, Agarick two drams, Chamomel and Dill flowers each half a handful, boyle them in water to a pinte, honey of Roſes, oyle of Nuts, each an ounce and half, Benedicta Laxative, and Hiera, or Diaphaenicum each half an ounce, make a Gliſter.

Take of Polipody of the Oke bruiſed half a dram,A purging Potion. wilde Saffron ſeeds, and Sena each two drams, Calamint half a handful, Anniſeed a dram, two Figgs, flowers of Time a ſmall handful, boyle them in water to three ounces in the Colature, infuſe of Diacarthamum ſix drams over warm embers, ſirrup of Roſes ſolutive, with Agarick an ounce, and give it; if it be Spring time, and the body young, or any evacuation ſuppreſt, open the right axillary veine, then give this Julep.

Oxymel compound four ounces,A Julep. Sage, Betony, and Succory water (if choller be mixt) each five ounces.

Take of Cocheae Pills,Pills. and of Agarick each half a dram, powder of Hiera a ſcruple, Agarick Trochiſcate four graines, Trochiskes of Alhandal two graines, or if choller be mixt, of Diagridium two graines.

Take of Diarrhodon and Galangal each a ſcruple,A Condite Trochiskes of Wormwood two drams, Citron pill condite with Honey an ounce, Conſerve of Sage, and Roſemary flowers each two ounces, cover it with Gold, let him take half an ounce three hours before dinner.

Take of oyle of Wormwood,A Liniment. and Maſtick each an ounce, oyle of Nutmeg half an ounce, mixe at the time of uſe a few drops of red Wine, and anoynt the ſtomach.

Take of the plaiſter of Maſtick two ounces A Plaiſter. of Ladanum an ounce, powder VVormwood two drams, red Roſes a dram, Mace two ſcruples, reduce them to a maſſe, and make a ſcutiforme plaiſter for the ſtomach, an Epiala being from glaſſie acid flegme requires the ſame Cure, only ſtronger remedies.

CHAP. XVIII. Of a Quotidian Feaver from ſalt Flegme.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ,Of the Name. that is, a ſalt or ſalſuginous Feaver, is of the nature of Quotidians, ſo called becauſe it is cauſed by ſalt flegme, as a Winterburning Feaver is, according to Hippocrates, but according to Galens explication of that place, it is ſo called in relation to touch, and not unto taſte, becauſe like Salt it cauſes an itching mordency both in the body of the ſick, and the hand of the Phiſitian touching it, which is thus, when fuliginous and very aduſt excrements are caſt forth through the habit of the body and skin, it is diſtinguiſht from other Feavers by its horrour, thirſt, and ſalt taſte, by urine and pulſe, and continuance of the fit, ſaith Hippocrates, by reaſon of its heat from putrefaction, or the mixture of ſome ſerous humour which is ſalt, rather than of choller which is bitter, and not ſalt, as Avicen thought.

It is cured by the ſame remedies as an intermitting quotidian,The Cure. tempering them with Succory, Hops, Fumitory, the four great cold ſeeds, &c. with inciſive, attenuating, and deterſive things, as ſirrup De Biſantiis, and compound Oxyſaccharum; we are not to expect concoction for purging the morbifical humour, which is ſo craſſe and tough that it will be a long time firſt; purge therefore in the augment and ſtate, but gently premiſing to every Purge its preparative, your Catarrhall Feaver is of the kinde of quotidians, and is cured almoſt with the ſame medicines.

CHAP. XIX. Of an intermitting Quartan.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , or a Quartan Feaver, is ſo called, becauſe it returnes every fourth day, it is two-fold, exquiſite or ſpurious; an exquiſite intermitting, differs from a continual, both in matter and ſeat, becauſe this is from a Natural melancholly putrefied in the greater Veines, and that from an excrementitious melancholly, cold and dry, putrefying, chiefly in the Spleen, then in the Liver, meſentery, and habit of the body; a ſpurious one is as often as excrementitious, melancholly putrefies with choller, or flegme in the ſame place, and ſometimes choller and flegme putrefie apart, and degenerate into a quartan.

The chief ſignes are a rigour at the beginning and augment,The Sign and horrour, with a ſhaking of the whole body, as if the fleſh and bones were broken; the urine at firſt white, thin, crude, and various, afterwards craſſe and black.

This Feaver is the longeſt of all intermitting Feavers;Prognoſticks. the Falling-ſickneſs is cured by a quartan, if neglected it cauſes a ſchirrus of the Spleen and Dropſie; if it degenerate into a double or triple quartan it is bad, but if into a continual it is lethal.

The ſum of the Cure conſiſts in gentle Medicines,The Cure. whether Gliſters or Purges often repeated, and by degrees aſcend to ſtronger, for he that acts otherwiſe from a ſimple or double quartan, makes a triple or continual one, whence is death; this is confirmed by Galens ſtory, who contrary to the opinion of the Phiſitians of his time, in the midſt of winter, cured Eudemus the Philoſopher of a triple quartan by the uſe of Treacle, by which Medicine prepoſterouſly uſed be fell into it, for as long as ſignes of crudity appear, wee are not to uſe Diureticks, nor Sudorificks, leſt by that meanes the corrupt humour be forced into narrower paſſages, from whence it is not eaſily removed, but grows more furious; ſuch excretions then are not to be uſed but in the declination.

If the quartan be from choller aduſt, then to the following remedies adde things cooling, but if from flegme, then things inciſive, attenuating, and deterſive.

If the Feaver be exquiſite, the melancholly humour diffuſed through the whole body, vinegar and its ſirrups are naught, but if it be contained in the ſpleen only, it is good.

Take of Mallows,A Gliſter Violet leaves, Burrage, Fumitory, Hops, each a handful, Prunes twelve, Endive ſeeds half an ounce, of the four great cold Seeds each two drams, Violet and Elder flowers each a ſmall handful, boyle them in water to a pinte, in the colature, diſſolve of Caſſia, with ſugar and Diaprune ſimple, each ſix drams, hony of Violets, and oyle of Lillies each an ounce and half, give it.

Take of the pulpe of Caſſia ſix drams,A Bole ſo melancholly. powder of Sena a dram, of Aniſeed, a ſcruple, of Cloves two grains, with ſugar make a bole.

Take of Polipody of the Oke bruiſed ſix drams,A Purge for melancholly Fumitory, Hops, Burrage, each half a handful, Prunes four, figgs two, the ſeed of Dodder, of Vetches, Aniſe, and Purſlane each half a dram, boyle them in water to four ounces, in the colature, boyle of Sena leaves two drams, Aniſeed a dram, whole Cloves two, expreſs it, and infuſe of Catholicum, and Diacarthamum each three drams, againe expreſs it, and diſſolve ſirrup of Fumitory, or Epithimum an ounce, give this potion four hours before in broth, upon the fit day rather than on the other, becauſe the matter being terrene and ſluggiſh, will hardly yeeld; but on the fit day the humour being in motion, it is then moſt eaſily expelled, I ſpeak by experience, contrary to the common opinion.

Take of pills of Fumitory a dram,Pills. powder of Sena, and Agarick Trochiſcate, each half a ſcruple, with ſirrup of Fumitory, make pills.

If Nature tend upwards give of Antimony prepared and powdered three graines,Vomit. Conſerve of Violets three ounces, with Sugar make a bole to bee taken on the fit day; or infuſe ſix graines of it in White-wine all night over warme embers, ſtraine it, and give it before the horrour.

Amatus Lucitanus boaſts, hee hath cured many with a draft of Roſe-water warmed, and given at the inſult of the fit, and ſome with happy ſucceſs give at the inſult five or ſix graines of Pepper in a cup of generous Wine; if the Patient be young with full veines, and it be ſpring time, let bloud of the axillary veine in the left arme.

Take of the rootes of ſharp Dock two ounces,An Apozem for choller aduſt. Butchers Broome, Aſparagus, Graſs, and Liquorice each an ounce, the middle rine of Aſh and Elder each half an ounce, Succory, Endive, Hops, Fumitory, Burrage, Agrimony, Burnet, Miltwaiſt, Mercury, each a handful, Prunes twelve, new Figgs eight, Endive, Purflane-ſeed, and the four great cold ones, each two drams, the three Cordial flowers each a ſmall handful, boyle them in two quarts of water till a third part be conſumed, clarifie it with ſirrup of Pomgranates, and Endive compound, each two ounces, and aromatize it with yellow ſaunders.

Take of Succory roots an ounce and half,An Apozem for ſalt flegm. Graſs, Butchers Broom, Aſparagus, each an ounce, infuſe them in ſimple Oxymel all night over warme embers, and then boyle them in two quarts of water with Burrage, Endive, Hops, Fumitory, Origanum, Calamint, Agrimony, each a handful, Mercury and Maiden-hair, each half a handful, Liquorice ſcraped and bruiſed half an ounce, Raiſins ſtoned twenty, Figgs eight, ſeeds of Purſſane, Ariſe, Dodder of Vetches, and the four great cold ones, each two drams, flower of Tamarisk, Broome, and Violets, each a handful, being taken off the fire adde the Oxymel, wherein the rootes were infuſed, ſtraine it, and clarifie it with Oxyſaccharum, compound two ounces, and aromatize it with powder of Diatriaſantalum.

Take of Polipody of the Oke bruiſed ſix drams,A Purge for 〈◊〉 flegme. Sena half an ounce, Dodder of Time two drams, Anniſ ed a dram, true black Hellebore two ſcruples, whole Cloves two, boyl them in part of the former Apozem to three ounces, then infuſe of Catholicum and confection Hamech each half an ounce, in the colature diſſolve ſirrup of Fumitory the greater,A purge for flegme and melancholly. or of Apples an ounce, and give it.

Take of Cloves three graines, Aniſeed two ſcruples, Agarick Trochiſcate a dram, Turbith bruiſed four ſcruples, Sena two drams, infuſe them all in part of the Apozem, with an ounce of Oxymel ſimple, upon warme embers, to the expreſſion, adde of Diacarthamum, and Catholicum, each three drams, ſirrup of Fumitory the greater, an ounce.

Take of old Treacle four ſcruples,A Bole Conſerve of Bugloſs flowers or rootes three drams, give it with Sugar.

Take of Cloves three Graines,A Purge for choller aduſt. Cinnamon a ſcruple, Anniſeed half a dram, Rhubarb, Tamarinds, and Sena each a dram and half, infuſe them all night in Whey over warme embers, with the Electuary of the juyce of Roſes half an ounce, ſtreine it, and adde ſirrup of Violets of nine infuſions an ounce and half, give it.

Take of the Conſerve of Tamarisk,An Opiate or Broom flowers two ounces, Conſerve of the rootes of Smallage, Miltwaiſt, or Maiden-hair, each anounce, powder of the Trochisks of Capers, and of Dialacca, or Diacurcuma, each a dram, make an opiate, give half an ounce on the intermediate days, drinking a little White-wine after it.

Take of Trochisks of Capers,Lozenges. and Wormwood, each half a dram, root of Jallop a dram, Crocomartis two drams, Conſerve of the rootes or flowers of Bugloſs ſix drams, Sugar diſſolved in Milte-waiſt water and boyled, four ounces, make Lozenges two drams weight, take one every intermitting morne, and drink after it a little VVhite wine.

Take of Gum Elemi an ounce,A Plaiſter for the Spleen. VVax half an ounce, Colophonia, Turpentine, and powder of long Birthwort, and Caper bark, each two drams, Flower-de-luce, Cammels Hey, Nard Indian, and Myrrhe each a dram, Styrax Calamite half a dram, Whitewine as much as will ſerve to diſſolve the gums, make a maſs, of which ſpread a Plaiſter on Leather in the figure of a Neats tongue, and apply it to the Spleen, it ſoftens and reſolves its hardneſs, or the Chymical Oyle of Amoniacum, with ſome few drops of ſharp Vinegar doth more powerfully reſolve any hard tumor of the ſpleen.

CHAP. XX. Of Feavers annexed to Quartans.

THe Quintan, Sextan, Septan, and Nonan Feavers differ not from intermitting Quartans, either in matter or cure, but in the quantity of the humour, and diſpoſition of the body, rather than from the riſing, ſetting, and congreſſion of ſome Starres, as the Aſtrologers would have it; all theſe Feavers have their name from the motion they obſerve returning upon the fifth, ſixth, ſeventh, or ninth day.

The cauſe of theſe circuits depends not only on diſordered diet,The Cauſes. or the relicks of the morbifical matter not emptied, nor on the quantity, quality, or craſneſs and clammineſs of the humour, nor on the influx of the Starrs, or diſpoſition of the body, but rather from the ſtarry Element, which Hippocrates calls ſomething Divine, when a quartan is cauſed from very craſſe and tough flegme, and a melancholly humour very craſs, it may then bee extended beyond the fourth day, ſaith Paulus Aegi. and Rhaſis ſpeakes of thoſe returned every tenth day, and once a moneth; that the quantity and quality of both humours, and diſpoſition of body doe contribute ſomewhat, none will deny, but the cauſe of the Circuits, Hiſtories doe report to be referred to the element of Stars. Pliny ſpeaks of Antipater the Poet who lived very long, and every year on his Birthday had a Feaver; Galen ſaies, he hath ſeen Quintans but obſcurely, but Avicen boaſts hee hath ſeen many, but they are rarely contingent.

Hippocrates preſages thus of theſe Feavers,Preſages. the Nocturnal is not dangerous, but long; the Diurnal is ſhorter, and ſometimes they bring to a Conſumption; the reaſon is, becauſe the night is likened to Winter, at which time cold humours move, and becauſe in the night ſeaſon remedies cannot conveniently be adminiſtred; a Quintan is the worſt of all, for to the ſound or tabid it is death, becauſe it is vehement, proceeding from an atra-bilarious humour, and not from a melancholly juyce; a Septan is long, but not lethal, and ſo a Nonan.

The Cure differs not from that of an exquiſite or ſpurious quartan.

Take of the leaves of Sena three drams,A powder for an intermitting quartan. the rootes of true black Hellebore one dram, of Aniſe-ſeed, Dodder of Time, Diagridium each half a dram, Maſtick, and ſalt Gemmeous each a ſcruple, Cloves half a ſcruple, make a fine Powder, give a dram in a little White-wine on the fit day in the morn early once a week.

CHAP. XXI. Of confuſed, compounded, and erratick Feavers.

ALL theſe are of the kinde of eſſential Feavers, and differ not from the precedent, neither in matter nor putrefaction, for they are all putrid, but in the ſeat and motion of the morbifical humour.

A confuſed Feaver is ſo called from the ſeat,Of a confuſed Feaver. when humours doe equally putrefie in the greater or leſſer veines; as if choller and flegme doe putrefie together in the greater veines, there ſhall be two continual Feavers, becauſe theſe two humours mixt doe putrefie in the ſame place, beginning and ending together, and by reaſon of this mixtion they cannot be known diſtinctly, or apart, becauſe their ſignes are confounded, from whence this Feaver hath its name; likewiſe if both thoſe humours putrefie in the leſſer veines which are in the habit of the body, or in the Stomach, Liver, Meſentery, Spleen, or Cuts, together in the ſame place, there ſhall be two intermitting Feavers, which mixed doe conſtitute a confuſe, and not a compound Feaver.

On the contrary,A Compound Feaver. A compound Feaver is as oft as the humours doe inequally putrefie, not in one place (as the confuſed) but in divers places together, whether in the greater or leſſer veines; and this Feaver hath its name from the predominant humour, as in a baſtard Tertian where choller predominates; likewiſe if there be more flegme or melancholly humour, it ſhall then be called a baſtard quotidian, or quartan, which Feavers are com-Pound, and not confuſed, becauſe their matter putrefies in divers places, and they begin and end at divers hours, becauſe every one hath its ſeveral eſſence, ſeat, and motion; alſo two quotidians, and a double tertian, and a double or triple quartan, are Compound Feavers, as often as their matter putrefies in divers places; and thus a ſemi-tertian which is compounded of choller putrefied in the greater veines, from whence is a continual; and flegme out of them, whence is an intermitting Feaver; or of flegme putrefied in the greater Veines, and choller out of them, and is called a Hemitritaean; thus alſo a Hectick Feaver with a putrid, doe make a Compound Feaver, becauſe the efficient cauſe of a Hectick is in the ſolid parts, and of the putrid in the humours, but an Ephemera joyned with other Feavers makes no compound, otherwiſe there could bee no ſimple Feaver; the ſymptomes alſo which accompany Feavers conſtitute no compound, one becauſe they are not of the eſſence of Feavers, though they increaſe, foment, and prolong them.

The Erratick Feaver is ſo called,Of the Erratick Feaver. becauſe its fits obſerve no proportion, for their beginnings are inordinate, reſembling no ſpecies of any certaine ſimple, or compound Feaver; an Erratick Feaver then is of no certaine ſpecies, for it is neither quotidian, tertian, nor quartan, nor much leſs a continual, for being ſo called from the uncertaine inſult of the fits, it is plaine it cannot bee continual, though it may bee joyned with a continual, as well as other intermitting Feavers; an erratick then is from no certaine kind of humour as other intermittings are, but either from the humours confounded together, and unequally premixt, and putrefying in the habit of the body, or from one humour but changed from it ſelf and paſſing into another, for how much the humours are changed in the body of the ſick, ſo much are the circuits of the fits varied; and bloud is moſt of all tranſmuted when it putrefies, part of it paſſing into yellow choller, part into black.

The cauſes of theſe Feavers are many,The Cauſes. one is the inequality of Summer and Autumne; another when a humour begins to putrefie in a particular part, and another flowes to it from other parts, which was before bounded in them, or was redundant in the whole body; a third is errour in diet, quantity, or quality of the humour, ſtrength of the Patient, &c. they are long, and of evil judgement; he that would diſtinguiſh them rightly muſt bee well verſed in the knowledge of ſimple Feavers, both continual and intermitting.

The ſignes of Compound Feavers differ not from thoſe of the ſimple intermitting, as a double intermitting tertian begins as a ſimple with rigour, and ſometimes with vomiting, and ends with ſweat; Compound Feavers are ſeldome of divers intermittings, but if it happen the firſt dayes, they are ſcarce diſcernable.

Compound Quartans begin with horrour, as the ſimple intermittings, and they are the longeſt of all, they are thus diſtinguiſht; a double quartan growes furious two dayes, and is quiet the third, the fourth, and fifth; again is furious, and ſo conſequently a triple quartan every day begins with horrour, but every fourth day the Feaver is more grievous, as if it were a ſimple quartan.

Every intermitting Feaver of divers kinde may be complicate with another of the ſame kinde, if it be in divers places, as if a quotidian bee mixt with a tertian, on one day there ſhall be two fits, but on the next only one, that of the quotidian; and on the third day there ſhall be two, on the fourth but one, and ſo forwards, the one ſhall begin with coldneſs, the other with rigour.

If a quotidian be mixt with a quartan, then the fourth day there ſhall bee two fits, one with coldneſs, the other with horrour, on the other dayes but one, that of the quotidian. If a tertian and quartan concur, the firſt inſult ſhall be of the tertian with rigour, the ſecond day there ſhall be no Feaver, the third day the tertian ſhall recur, on the fourth a fit of the quartan, on the fifth another of the tertian, on the ſixth none, on the ſeventh there ſhall bee a double fit, one of the tertian, and another of the quartan, and ſo on. If a putrid Feaver be joyned with a Hectick it makes a compound, becauſe the heat of this poſſeſſes the ſubſtance of the heart, that, the humours.

The ſignes of both are taken from the pulſe hard and unequal, from the urine, mordent heat, and manner of their motion, if it be bilious the invaſion will be every third day, if a quartan, every fourth, if a quotidian, every day, either with rigour, horrour, or coldneſs; and the exacerbations, and remiſsions of the putrid Feaver will be at its ſet hours.

CHAP. XXII. Of a Semitertian Feaver.

THis Feaver Hippocrates calls the horrid Feaver, from its horrour, or violent ſhaking, it is a Compound Feaver, and is two-fold, exquiſite and not exquiſite, that is made up of a continual quoridian, and an intermitting tertian, for it is more eaſie for a quotidian to be continual than a tertian, and its fits are longer than thoſe of a tertian.

Beſides,The ſignes of a Semitertian. the horrour is not every day, but every other day, when then the fits both of tertian and quotidian meet together, and are confounded, but on the middle dayes there is only a refrigeration proper to the quotidian, the reduplications are every third day, not ſuch as a tertian, but dimidiately like them, becauſe the type of the tertian is changed by the flegme of the quotidian.

This Feaver is ſometimes cauſed from a continual tertian, and intermitting quotidian, and not from two continuals, or two intermittings, as Archigenes and Celſus would have it; whoſe opinions were they true, it would not be horrifical, as Hippocrates and Galen deſcribe it, for horrour proceeds from rigour and cold mixt.

The Non-exquiſite is two-fold too,Signes of a non exquiſite Semiter ian. the one when choller predominates, the other when flegme; if choller prevail, there is a rigour and no horrour, and it comes ſooner to its ſtate without many reduplications, the heat is more acrid, with vomitings, and dejections yellow, &c. but if flegme predominate, there is rather a chilneſs than horrour, and many reduplications, with flegmatick excretions, leſs heat &c. theſe Feavers are frequent in Aethiopia, Italy, and other hot Countries, the gentleſt of them is twenty four hours, the middle ſort thirty ſix, the ſtrongeſt forty eight; if it bee exquiſite every third day it is horrifical, the pulſe hard and unequal, and ſo the heat, the urine craſs and turbulent; ſweats in theſe Feavers are bad, becauſe they are ſymptomatical, and not from Nature conquering, &c.

This Feaver is reckoned amongſt the deadly,Pr •• noſti •• s. and ſometimes laſts a whole month; ſometimes degenerates into a Hectick, ſometimes to a Dropſie, by reaſon of the many obſtructions; ſometimes it is ſhorter, when the matter is little, and contained in the common ducts.

For the Cure,A Purge. if need be, firſt give a Gliſter, then take of Cinamon half a dram, Agarick Trochiſcate two ſcruples, Rhubard four ſcruples, honey of Roſes and Diaphaenicum each an ounce, infuſe them in a decoction of Succory, Hyſſop, Liquorice, Raiſins ſtoned, Figgs, Anni-ſeed, flowers of Time, Bugloſs, and Elder, all night over the warme embers, ſtreine it, and give it at the time of remiſſion.

Take of the ſimple ſirrup of Vinegar four ounces,A Sirrup againſt thirſt. uſe it with the decoction of Barley, or with Ptiſ an made of Barley, Raiſins ſtoned, Figgs, and Liquoriſh, or with a decoction of Sorrel rootes, or Water and Sugar, if Vinegar diſpleaſe, uſe ſirrup of Pomgranates.

In a ſpurious one if choller predominate, let your cholagoges exceed the Phlegmagoges, and ſo on the contrary; if the ſtomach be offended, give gaſtrical Medicines, and ſo of other parts.

Take of Sorrel,An opening Apozem. Graſſe, Butchers Broome, and Aſparagus roots, each one ounce, of both Succories, Fumitory, and the Capillary Plants each a handful, Liquoriſh ſix drams, Prunes twenty, Figgs twelve, Endive-ſeed three drams, Aniſe two drams, Elder and Burrage flowers each a ſmall handful, Time half a handful, boyle them to a pinte, and adde honey of Roſes and Oxyſaccharum ſimple, each two ounces, clarifie it, and aromatize it with powder of Diarrodon Abbatis.

In the declination provoke ſweat and urine, the Diſeaſe being contumacious is exaſperated by ſtrong Purgers, and yeelds not to gentle, but by meane ones often repeated is overcome; bleed if the Sick bee plethorick, young, and ſtrength give leave, &c.

Other Compound Feavers being cauſed from putrid matter are cured by the ſame method, and the ſame remedies as baſtard intermittings are; the confuſed Feavers if from putrid matter in the greater Veines, are cured as continual Feavers, if not as intermittings; the Erratick as baſtard intermittings, quotidian, tertian, or quartan.

CHAP. XXIII. Of a Hectick Feaver.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ,Of the Name. that is, a Hectick is taken for every Feaver that is hard to be removed, whether it be from flegme or melancholly, and is oppoſed to the Schetick Feaver which is eaſily removed, it hath its name from 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , which is a habit, becauſe it is ſtable and permanent.

For a Hectick Feaver is a preternatural heat kindled in the ſolid parts,The Definition. which firſt occupies the ſubſtance of the heart, and then diffuſes it ſelf into the reſt of the ſolid parts of the body, through the Veines and Arteries.

This Feaver is continual,The Diviſion. and hath but one fit from the beginning to the end, without any intermiſſion or remiſſion, unleſs it be joyned with a putrid Feaver; every Hectick is Smple, or Compound, that is either univerſal or particular; the univerſal is that which firſt ſeazes on the ſubſtance of the heart, then on the other parts and this is ſeldome; a particular one is that which firſt invades the ſubſtance of ſome private part, and at laſt the heart; and this is frequent, as of the Lungs in a Ptiſſick, of the Midriffe, Liver, &c. A Compound one is that which hath a putrid Feaver joyned with it; a Simple Feaver is further divided into three degrees, the firſt is, when the body of the heart, and the other ſolid parts are newly inflamed, and this degree laſts as long as the ſubſtantifical and radical moyſture doth conglutinate the terrene parts, and is ſufficient to nouriſh and foment the fiery heat, as Oyle doth the flame of the Cotton in a Lamp, and this is hard to be known, but eaſie to be cured.

The third and worſt ſort is called 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , becauſe it hath adjoyned a hot and dry Conſumption, and is then when the humour is wholly waſted, and all the ſolid parts are as it were burnt, and turned into aſhes, as the Cotton of the Lamp is for want of the affuſion of more Oyle, for thus the ſubſtantifical moyſture being quite ſpent, the native heat is extinguiſhed, and cannot bee reſtaurated by Euchymous aliments, and this degree as it cannot be hid, ſo it cannot bee cured. The ſecond degree is of a middle nature between them, and how much the nigher or further to the firſt or laſt, is by ſo much the eaſier or harder to cure, they all differ only gradually.

The cauſes external are from the Six Non-natural things as the hot Air,The Cauſes. long Hunger, Watchings, ſuppreſſion of Excrements, &c. the internal are from a bilious temperament, a continual Feaver ill cured, as a cauſus and continual tertian, and not from a quotidian or intermitting tertian, from a Priſick lientery, or ſuch Diſeaſes in which the nouriſhment being incoct, or ill concoct, doth not humectate the ſolid parts, which being deſtitute of their aliment, and conceiving a more acrid and feaveriſh heat, grow hot and dried.

The firſt degree may be known by the preter-natural heat,Signes of the firſt degree. if at firſt touch of the Artery it be acrid and mordent; if after drink or meat a heat preſently fluſhes in the face from the ſublation of vapours, this heat is at firſt ſo gentle that the Sick deny themſelves to be feaveriſh, for things done by degrees cauſe no paine, ſaith Hippocrates; as Plants at their firſt ſprouting are eaſily pulled up, but are hardly known unleſs by the skilful Herbariſt, ſo this degree is eaſily cured, but hardly diſcovered, unleſs by the learned Phiſician.

The ſignes of the ſecond kinde are not only from the mordent heat of the pulſe being felt,Signes of the ſecond degree. but in the ſoles of the feet, and palmes of the hand; beſides, the pulſe is harder and dryer than in the former, becauſe the feaveriſh heat works not only on the rorid ſubſtance of the heart, but on its primogenious humidity, whence nouriſhment failing, the Sick neceſſarily falls away, the urine is higher coloured by reaſon of the intenſe heat, depopulating not only the heart, but habit of the whole body, but leſs high than if a putrid were joyned with it; this degree hath a great latitude, and ſo is accordingly known, or cured.

Signes of the laſt degree are a weak pulſe,Signes of the third degree. ſmall, and frequent, and hard from drineſs, the urine hath ſome fatty ſubſtance ſwimming in it like to Cobwebs, which denotes a quolliquation of the ſimilar parts, the eyes are hollow, their humours being waſted, the temples fallen, the ſubſtantifical humour of the muſcles being conſumed, the forehead dryed, the nayls crookt, the eyelids ſcarce moveable, the Hypochondria diſtended, the skin hard and dry, cleaving to the bones, the fleſhy ſubſtance being waſted. A Hectick ſeldome poſſeſſes Children, often young cholerick bodies, and old men that are of a hot and dry temper, and thoſe that are long necked, and narrow breaſted, &c. thoſe that have a Hippocratical face are paſt cure, and ſuch as have a looſeneſs.

The cure of the firſt degree differs little from that of a Diary,The Cure. for it proceeds from the ſame manifeſt cauſes, but more vehement, which are inherent in the habit of the body, and therefore requires ſtronger remedies; let the diet bee euchymous, liquid, cold, and moyſt, and incraſſating to hinder diſſipation, as Broths altered with Lettice, Purſlane, Marigolds, Violets, Burrage, Wood-ſorrel, Spinage, &c. let the drink be ptiſſan, or water boyled with ſitrup of Maiden-hair, or the Alexandrine Julep with a little Vinegar, if it proceed from an Ephemera; old age may be allowed a little ſmall Wine at meals.

Take of the leaves of Mallows, Violets, Burrage,A Gliſter. Lettice, each a handful, Prunes twelve, the four great cold Seeds each three drams, Water-Lilly-flowers and Violets each a ſmall handful, boyle them in water, and in a pint of the colature diſſolve of ſimple Diaprunes, and Caſſia with ſugar each ſix drams, honey of Violets, and oyle of Water-Lillies each an ounce and half, make a Gliſter, if you would have it nouriſhing too, then boyle them in the broth of a Weathers head, or in Capon broth, with the yolks of eggs.

If the ſtomach be foul,A Potion. take of Manna of Calabria an ounce and half, ſirrup of Roſes ſolutive, with Rhubarb if choller abound, or with Agarick if flegme, and give it in a little Chickenbroth, or ptiſſan, ſtronger remedies muſt not be uſed. To correct the acrid heat, and drineſs.

Take of ſirrup of Vinegar ſimple, or Oxyſaccarum, or of the juyce of Endive, or Poppy, if the Patient reſt not, three ounces, Bugloſs and Wood ſorrel water each ſix ounces, make a Julep.

Baths are good which by their warmth open the paſſages,Baths. and draw the bloud to the habit of the body, if you give a cup of Aſſes milk with ſugar of Roſes to them whiles they are in it; then to prevent ſweating anoynt the back bone, and the emunctories, and extreame parts with this Liniment.

Take of oyle of Violets,A Liniment. or Water-Lillies, or ſweet Almonds, and oyle of Roſes, or Myrtells, each three ounces, mixe them for your uſe.

If you mixe in broth a little of this condite,A Condite and give it before meat, you will profit much, viz. Conſerve of Violets, and Water-Lillies, and the bark of the rootes of Bugloſs, condite each an ounce, of the reſumptive Powder newly prepared three drams, or inſtead of it Melon and Cowcumber-feeds each a dram and half, powder of Diatriaſantalum, and Diamargaritum Frigidum, each half a dram, ſugar of Roſes ſufficient, make a condite and cover it with gold.

The ſecond degree is alſo cured by euchymous diet and alteration,The Cure of the ſecond degree. with liquids, becauſe they are ſooner and eaſier diſtributed into the habit of the body, and doe more plentifully nouriſh, ſaith Hippocr. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. if the Hectick proceed from the ptiſſick, or continual Feaver, you muſt recurre to their proper Chapters, likewiſe i from the inflammation of ſome viſcus, or the guts, &c.

Take of the reſumptive oyntment two ounces,An oyntment for the breſt. oyle of ſweet Almonds one ounce, powder of Florentine, Flower-de-luce four ſcruples, Saffron a ſcruple, anoynt the breaſt and back warme; if there be a looſeneſs anoynt the belly with Unguentum Comitiſſae: all this while let him take every morne at four of the clock half a pint of Aſſes milk warme from the Teat, with two ſpoonfuls of ſugar of Roſes powdered, waſh his mouth and ſleep upon it, if he ſtept not afore.

This milk becauſe it is more ſerous,The choyce of Milks. deter ive, and coole, is beſt in a Ptiſſick, but if you would nouriſh, Womans milk is beſt; if conſolidate an ulcer, then Cowes or Sheeps milk becauſe it is more cheeſie and butyrous.

The third degree being incurable by the conſent of all,The third degree. I ſhall ſpeak but little of it, let their Chamber be large that they may breath the cool air, let their meat be very nouriſhing and often taken in ſmall quantity, eſpecially Womens milk, let the drink be ptiſſan, or ſmall Wine, cauſe reſt, with Diacodium, or a Pill of Cynogloſs, or Laudanum, uſe cooling moyſtning, and nouriſhing Gliſters, and Juleps, to moderate, if not extinguiſh the fire in the ſolid parts. Take of the confection of Hyacinth, or Alkermes four ſcruples, Pearl two ſcruples, fragments of the Five precious Stones, and red Corral finely poudered each a ſcruple, powder of Diapenidium without the ſpecies the weight of them all, of the fineſt Sugar an ounce, fix leaves of Gold, make a powder, and diſſolve a ſpoonful in every ſmall quantity of ptiſſan, or what elſe you give, it wonderfully reſtores the loſt ſtrength.

A Compound Hectick is hard to know,A ſhort cure of a Compound Hectick. unleſs to the Learned, who can diſtinguiſh the forme and type of every Feaver; this is cured by bleeding, if there be a plenitude, or the Courſes, or Hemorrhoids bee ſuppreſt, or by gentle Purgers if there be a Cacochymie no wayes reſpecting the Conſumption, but the Plethora, or Cacochymy, ſaith Hippocrates and Galen.

CHAP. XXIV. Of Malignant and peſtilent Feavers.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ,The diviſion and difference of malignant Feavers. that is, of malignant Feavers, ſome are eſſential, others ſymptomatical; the eſſential have a great analogy with putred Feavers, from which they differ not in matter, but only by a malignant quality venenate and contagious, either produced in us, or induced into us; they differ alſo from Hecticks, not by macilency, which in theſe is cauſed by degrees in them ſpeedily, which variouſly waſte the ſubſtance of the body, as the Leipyria, Syncope, &c. of which in their place.

The Symptomatical Feavers are thoſe which follow the inflammations of the Viſcera, and Burning-feavers, from which they alſo differ by their malignant quality, as the eſſential alſo doe.

A Leipyria is two-fold,Of a Leipyria Feaver. the one eſſential, the other ſymptomatical; the eſſential is cauſed from glaſſie flegme cold in the third degree, collected in the bowels, though with ſome mixture of choller, yet notwithſtanding that it may putrefie, the heat is called from the external parts, to the internal, in which is kindled no ſmall fire, hence it is that the inwards burne, and the outward parts are cold, from whence if a thirſt follow, it is deadly the fourth day, or ſooner, ſaith Hippocrates.

This is cured as a continual quartan,The Cure. and if ſymptomatical as a cauſus, or continual tertian, with this caution, that to all remedies both internal and external, we mixe ſomething cordial, which may retund the venenate and malignant quality without any manifeſt heat.

A Syncopal Feaver hath its name from the Symptome,A Syncopal Feaver. becauſe the diſeaſed are troubled with faintings and ſwounings; by reaſon of the exact ſenſe and hurt of the mouth of the Stomach.

The efficient cauſe is either craſſe flegme putrefied in the ſtomach,The Cauſe with ſome maligne or venenate quality, which carried upwards to the mouth of the ſtomach doth 〈◊〉 and wound it, from whence is paine and faintings, and ſometimes a Syncope, that is, a ſudden loſs of ſtrength, with ſweats more or leſs; ſometimes it is from aeruginous choller which is wholly pernicious, whoſe vapour carried to the mouth of the ſtomach doth wound it, from whence are faintings, Convulſions, and death, unleſs it bee vomited up, as Galen mentions in a young man; this Feaver is very rare, and obſerves the type of a quotidian, which is worſt towards the evening.

If it come from praſſinous or aeruginous choller,The ſignes from praſſinous choller. the ſignes are taken from a hot and dry ſeaſon of the year, from a young, mac lent, and bilious body, or from a continual burning feaver, or tertian, with a malignant quality, which uſually kills before the fourth fit; that from aeruginous choller is worſe, the pulſe is ſwift, from the abundance of heat, inequal from the multitude of the obnoxious humour oppreſsing Nature, hard from the drineſs of the Humour and Veſſels, ſmall from the weakneſs; the parts about the heart and whole body ſeemes puft up, and tumid, the colour is vitiated, in ſome white, in others livid or black, the belchings are acid if from flegme, bitter from porraceous choller, the eyes prominent, the tongue acid and black, they are beſt when quiet and unmoved.

The humour is to be carried away by gentle Cliſters,The Cure. and purged epicraſtically, alwaies adding Cardiacal Medicines againſt the malignant and venenate quality, and if the Patient be nauſeative give a vomit.

Take a ſufficient quantity of broth,A Gliſter for flegme. and boyle in it Mercury, Balme, and Burrage, each a handful, the tops of Dill, with Cammomel, and Me •• lot-flowers each a ſmalhandful, courſe Bran two Pugills, Figgs twelve, Aniſeed two drams, ſtreine it, and diſſolve of Hiera an ounce, honey of Mercury, and oyle of Cammomel, each anounce and half, the yolks of two Eggs, and give the Gliſter.

Take of Mallows, Violets, Barrage,A Gliſter for ae uginous choller. Purſlane, Balme, each a handful Prunes ſixteen, of the four greater cold Seeds each two drams, Water-Lilley-flowers a handful, diſſolve in the colature Diaprunum ſimple, and Caſsia with Sugar each ſix drams, honey of Roſes, and oyle of Roſes, each an ounce and half, give it at the time of remiſsion.

Take of Manna of Calabria,A minorating Purge for flegme. and ſirrup of Roſes ſolutive, with Agarick, each an ounce and half, drink it in a little freſh Chicken broth, boyle in the broth three drams of Citron pill.

Take of Cinnamon a ſcruple,A purge for choller. Rhubarb four ſcruples, Tamarinds two drams, Caſsia newly drawn an ounce and half, infuſe them all night over warme embers in Chicken-broth, in the decoction of Succory, Purſlane, Citron-ſeeds, Bugloſs, and Water-Lilly flowers, ſtraine it, and adde ſirrup of Violets of nine infuſions, or of Succory, with a double quantity of Rhubarb, or of Roſes ſolutive an ounce and half, give the potion.

Take of Agarick Trochiſcate for flegme, Rhubarb for choller,Pills. half a dram, imperial Pills a dram, with honey of Roles, or ſirrup of Violets, make them up.

Take of the ſirrup of Citron pill Conſerved,A Julep for flegme. and of ſower Pomgranates each two ounces, Balme, and Bugloſs water each ſix ounces.

Take of Bugloſs roots two ounces,An Apozem. dried Citron pill one ounce, it flagme abound, but of Sorrel, and Graſs roots, if aeruginous, or praſsinous choller, each one ounce, Succory, Endive, Purſlane, Lettice, Burrage, Scabious, Devils-bit each a handful, Balme, and French Lavender for flegme, each half a handful, Raiſins ſtoned twenty, Liquoriſh ſix drams, Prunes for choller eight, white Poppy, and the four greater cold Seeds or Cardu s Benedictus, and Aniſeed, each two drams for flegme, the Cordial flowers a Pugil, boyl them in water to a pint, add ſirrup of Pomgranates three ounces (which is good for them both) make an Apozem, and aromatize it with a dram and half of Saxafras; if you would make a magiſtrall ſirrup in one part of the decoction without ſirrup, infuſe of Cloves a ſcruple, Agarick Trochiſcate an ounce for flegme, or Cinnamon a dram, and Rhubard an ounce and half, for choller, ſtraine it, and boyle it gently to a ſirrup with Manna, and ſirrup of Roſes, each half a pound, the doſe is two ounces in a decoction of Burrage, or broth twice a week.

CHAP. XXV. Of the Cardiacal Feaver.

THis Feaver hath its name from the heart, and is of the ſame kinde with malignant and colliquating Feavers,The ſignes and not much unlike to the Syncopall; there is a great heat with it, and the face lookes red, great ſtrivings of the heart, little and frequent breathing, inſomuch that they are compeld to ſit upright, like the Orthopnoical, and are pained on the region of the heart; the Diſeaſe inclining, they have a thin ſweat, a cold breath, and then follow ſyncopes, and death.

The cure is the ſame with that of a Burning-feaver,The cure. both for cooling and moyſtning diet, and for bleeding, premiſing the Gliſter there deſcribed, if the body be bound; in alterating the humours adde a fourth, or ſixth part of hot Alexipharmaca, by reaſon of the malignant and pernicious quality that is impreſſed, and then empty the humours with Manna, Caſſia, &c, allay the thirſt with Julep of Violets, or Poppies.

Amongſt malignant Feavers are reckoned alſo thoſe that doe variouſly impair the ſubſtance of the body, whether by degrees or ſpeedily,Typhodis Feaver. as the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , &c. the 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is a kind of Feaver, in which by reaſon of the exceſſive heat, the ſick ſeem to be ſuffocated, and may be called an cryſipelatoſe one, and is cured as a continual tertian.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, the moyſt Feaver is ſo called, becauſe preſently after the firſt day the ſick begin to ſweat, and by ſweating their ſtrength is ſo waſted,The moyſt Feaver. that they finde little or no benefit by it, in the year 1528. this Feaver ſpread it ſelf from England into France, and in ſhort ſpace killed the ſtouteſt men by ſweating, all remedies againſt it being invalid the French named it Suette and numbred it amongſt the Peſtilential, by reaſon of its maligne and venenate quality, the Greeks call it 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 .

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is called by Hippocrates, The reſtleſs Feaver. the reſtleſs implacid Feaver; in this the ſick are alwaies toſſing, changing their poſture of lying, loath all things, are diſtended in the Hypochondria, thirſt, watch, or are delirous in their ſleep.

The internal cauſe is a craſs,The ſigne . acrid, and bilious humour, imbibed in the coates of the ſtomach, ſometimes it is from internal pains,The Cauſe. the pulſe ſuddenly failes, and the uſe of all remedies is prevented; let the diet be inciſive, refrigerating, and moyſtning, and if occaſion be, give this Gliſter.

Take of Violet leaves, Gourds, Purſlane, and Nettles, each a handful, the four great cold Seeds, and Nettle-ſeed, each two drams, Camomel and Violet flowers,A Gliſter. each a pugil, boyle them in water to a pint, and in the colature diſſolve Diaphaenicum, honey of Roſes, and Oxymel ſimple each an ounce, oyle of Water-Lillies an ounce and half.

To allay the thirſt, uſe the juyce of Pomgranates, or Citrons, or the ſirrups made of them, &c.

Take of Cinamon a ſcruple, Rhubarb four ſcruples, Caſſia newly drawn an ounce and half,A Potion. infuſe them in the infuſion of Damask Roſes, or in the decoction of Succory, Marigolds, Burrage, Prunes, with Nettle-ſeed, and the Cordial flowers, ſtreine it, and give it; procure ſleep with ſirrup of Poppy, and a little Diamargaritum frigidum.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 is called by the Latines the Colliquating Feaver,The Colliquating Feaver. by whoſe vehement heat not only the fat, but the fleſh and ſubſtance of the ſolid parts are melted away, & this is of the kind of malignant Feavers; it is cauſed two wayes, the one when the colliquationis by degrees, as in Hecticks, and the Maraſmus; the other, when both fat and ſolid parts are ſuddainly diſſolved, and this is a moſt grievous and dangerous diſeaſe, it differs from a Maraſmus becauſe in this, that portion of fleſh which is colliquated is always like a vapour, breathed forth by inſenſible tranſpiration, but in the colliquating Feaver it flowes to the belly in the ſpecies of a bilious ſtinking craſs humour, the external cauſes are, watchings, ſadneſs, malignant Medicines, &c. and this is not lethal.The cauſe.

The internal cauſe is a fervid heat with a malignant quality which doth not always diſſolve the body by inſenſible tranſpiration, but ſometimes by manifeſt excretions.

The ſignes are ruſous,The ſignes craſs, ſtinking dejections, ſometimes fat and viſcid, with a ſpume or froth which indicates heat, the noſe grows ſharp, and the eyes hollow, which latter ſignes if they appear at firſt, we are not to meddle; Hippocrates propoſes two remedies, the one the cremor of Barley, the other cold Water, with acid ſirrup made up with Sugar, and not with Honey; give Gliſters if occaſion be, or eccoproticks, for the firſt region of the body, with opening and cooling decoctions, if there be obſtructions, and condites, and cardiacal powders, as are deſcribed in the Chapter of a continual tertian.

CHAP. XXVI. Of the Feaver from Crudity.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , that is, a Feaver from Crudity,Of the Name. though the word Crude be applied to various things, yet in this place it is taken for a raw cold humour, contained in the firſt paſſages, or in the whole body; this Feaver differs from an Epiala, not in matter, nor in the place of putrefaction, but in malignity, and therefore is not voyd of danger, eſpecially if it be joyned with an inflammation of ſtomach or liver, for ſometimes it is without them.

If the crude humour putrefie in the firſt paſſages there will be a nauſeouſneſs,The Signs. ſower belchings, with idleneſs, or unſeaſonable exerciſe, as Venery preſently after meat, &c. if it bee in the whole body the urine will be thin, and watery, the contents divulſed, the colour pallid, plumbeous or livid, the whole bulk ſomewhat ſwelled, the pulſe unequal, obſcure, with a dulneſs of the ſenſes; make a Gliſter with Hiera Catholicum, honey of Roſes, oyle of Camomel, decoction of Mallows, Mercury Origanum, Dill, &c.

Take of Catholicum an ounce,A minorating purge. infuſe it all night in the infuſion of Damask Roſes, ſtreine it, and adde ſirrup of Succory, with Rhubarb duplicated, an ounce and half, give it in the morn; if ſtrength and age permit, and a high tinct urine require it, let bloud in the axillary veine in ſmall quantity, with a narrow Orifice.

All attenuating things uſed muſt not be very hot,A Rule. leſt the Feaver be increaſed.

Take of ſirrup of Vineger,A Julep. and juyce of Endive, each two ounces, Succory & Wormwood-water each ſix ounces.

Take of Graſſ-roots,An Apozem. Butchers Broom, and Aſparagus, each an ounce, of Succory, Agrimony, Endive, the Capillary Plants, & Sea-wormwoode ach a handful Origanum, and Balm each half a handful, ſeeds of Carduus Benedictus, Citron, and Aniſe, each two drams, flowers of Bugloſs and Time, each a pugil, boyle them in water to a pint, with Oxymel ſimple three ounces, make an Apozem, and aromatize it with Cinamon.

Take of Cinamon a ſcruple,A Purge. Rhubarb four ſcruples, Catholicum half an ounce, Caſsia newly extracted an ounce, infuſe them in part of the Apozem, and to the expreſsion, adde ſirrup of Roſes, with Agarick an ounce and half, give the potion, and give no ſtronger; take of the Conſerve of Citron pill three drams, old Mithridate, or Treacle, or Aurea Alexandrina, a dram with Sugar, give the Bolus next day three hours before meat.

Books printed, and are to be be ſold by John Hancock, at the firſt ſhop in Popes-head-Alley next to Cornhil.

A Book of Short-writing, the moſt eaſie, exact, lineal, and ſpeedy method, fitted to the meaneſt capacity; compoſed by Mr. Theophilus Metcalſe, profeſſor of the ſaid Art.

Alſo a School-maſter, explaining the Rules of the ſaid Book.

Another Book of new Short-hand, by Thomas Croſſe.

A Coppy-book of the neweſt and moſt uſeful hands.

Four Books lately publiſhed by Mr. Thomas Brooks. Preacher of the Goſpel at Margarets New Fiſh-ſtreet.

1 Precious Remedies againſt Satans Devices; or, Salve for Beleevers and unbeleevers Sores, being a companion for thoſe that are in Chriſt, or out of Chriſt, that ſleight or neglect Ordinances, under a pretence of living above them, that are growing in Spirituals, or decaying, that are tempted, or deſerted, afflicted, or oppoſed, that have aſſurance, or want it, on 2 Cor. 2. 11.

2 Heaven on Earth; or, A ſerious Diſcourſe, touching a well-grounded Aſſurance of mens everlaſting happineſs, and bleſſedneſs; diſcovering the nature of Aſſurance, the poſſibility of attaining it, the Cauſes, Springs, and Degrees of it, with the reſolution of ſeveral weighty Queſtions, on Rom. 8. 32, 33, 34.

3 The unſearchable Riches of Chriſt; or, Meat for ſtrong men, and Milk for Babes, held forth in two and twenty Sermons, from Epheſ. 3. 8. preached on his Lecture Nights at Fiſh-ſtreet-hill.

4 His Apples of Gold, for Youngmen, and Women; and, A Crown of Glory for Old Men and Women; or the happineſs of being good betimes, and the Honour of being an old Diſciple, clearly and fully diſcovered, and cloſely and faithfully applied:

The Godly Mans Ark, or City of refuge in the day of his Diſtreſs. Diſcovered in divers Sermons, the firſt of which was preached at the Funeral of Miſtris Elizabeth Moore. Whereunto is annexed Miſtris Moores Evidences for Heaven, compoſed and collected by her in the time of her health, for her comfort in the time of ſickneſs. By Ed. Calamy. B. D. and Paſter of the Church at Aldermanbury.

The Covenant of Gods Free Grace unfolded, and comfortably applied to a diſquieted or dejected ſoul, 2 Sam. 23. 5. By that late Reverend Divine, Mr. John Cotton of New England.

The Ruine of the Authors and Fomenters of Civil War; as it was delivered in a Sermon before the Parliament at their monthly Faſt, by Mr. Samuel Gibſon, ſometime Miniſter at Margarets Weſtminſter, and one of the Aſſembly of Divines.

The New Creature, with a deſcription of the ſeveral marks and characters thereof, by Richard Bartlet.

FINIS.