I. Aqua Aluminosa, Alumed Water.

Bate.] ℞ ALƲM and White Vi­triol ana: Mix them together, and boyl them in an earthen Vessel, with a gentle Fire, till they become like a Stone: pouder it; and to e­very spoonful thereof, add boyl­ing Water a quart: dissolve and filter. It is profitable a­gainst Wounds, Ʋlcers, Fistu­la's, &c. washing them there­with.

Salmon.] If to every pint of this Liquor you add ℥ij. of Spirit of Wine or Brandy, it will be almost of double ver­tue to that of the prescript; for Spirits of Wine has a won­derful power, being mingled with fit Medicaments to cleanse, purifie, heal, and glew together Wounds and Ulcers, especially those of the nervous parts, which it does safely, as we have taught in our Synopsis Medicine, lib. 3. cap. 26. Sect. 9.4. & 7. I know by almost a thousand Experiences, that this Alum­ed Water is a most admira­ble thing against a Herpes mi­liaris, and all manner of Tet­tars and Ring-worms, or Ser­pigines, and such like break­ings out in any part of the Body, thô of never so many years standing. The way of using it is thus: Put some of it into an earthen Bason over a Chafing-dish of Coals, and with a Cloath let the diseased [Page 2]bathe well the place affected, as hot as they can endure it, for a quarter of an hour or more at a time; and do it two or three times a day, or oftner, as need requires: It will in a short time cure the Tettar, let it be never so in­veterate and rebellious. I cured two Gentlewomen of inveterate Tettars herewith, the one of which had been troubled with the Distemper above twenty years. It is also a most admirable Inje­ction in a Virulent Gonorrhaea, or the Whites in Women, u­niversals being premised, in­jecting therewith warm three or four times a day. It is al­so a good Collyrium, curing weeping Eyes, and strength­ning them, taking away Clouds, Films, Pearls, &c.

II. Aqua Animalis, The A­nimal Water of Horse­dung.

Bate.] Take Horse-turds newly made, N^o xij.: White-wine a Gallon: Sweet Fennel­seeds, Parsly-seeds, ana ℥ij.: Grocers Treacle, or lb j.: Polypody of the Oak, Butchers Broom, Liver-wort, ana Mij.: Ginger ℥iij.: mix and distill according to Art, with a gen­tle Fire. It prevails against Pleurisies, Pains, Rheumatisms, &c. Dose add ℥iv.: sweating upon it.

Salmon.] It is not only good against Pleurisies, which is the chief design of the Medi­cine, but also against the Gra­vel and Stone, whether in the Reins or Bladder, as also Pains and Stoppages in the Urinary parts, it dissolving the mucous Matter to a Mi­racle. It may be given to old or young from ℥ij. ad ℥vj, and may be repeated four times in twenty four hours: but it will be much more ef­fectual if you add to every Dose, as it is taken twenty or twenty five drops of Spi­rit of Sal Armoniack, in the Case of a Pleurisie: or fifteen Grains of Sal Prunellae in Ne­phritick Diseases. ℥vi. of it immediately given upon a Surfeit is an admirable thing, and might save the Life of many a poor Creature, which otherwise for want of it would be lost.

III. Aqua Antiphthisica, A Water against Phthisicks.

Bate.] ℞ The Blood of a Calf new killed, freed from its Fibres, by beating together lb iij: Venice Turpentine, ten Ounces; Liquorice not dried lb j: Rai­sons stoned ℥xij: Fat Figgs N^o 100: Garden Snails N^o [Page 3]70: fresh Orice-Roots ℥vi: Spanish Tobacco cut ℥ij: Crums of White-bread lb j: mix and distill according to Art. Dose ℥ij, with its proper quantity of Oyl swimming thereupon, being all mixt together with a Pecto­ral Syrup, and taken for fif­teen days.

Salmon.] If this Medicine should receive a gentle Fer­mentation before Distillation, it would be so much the bet­ter, for by that means the Sulphur of the Fruit and Tur­pen. being more intimately mixt with the Aqueous parts of the Blood and Snails, a more volatile Liquor would come over the helm. This in some Constitutions will gently Vomit, and in others cause a most admirable Ex­pectoration, cleansing and healing Ulcers in the Lungs to a wonder, and thereby cure Consumptions, take a­way Coughs and Colds, short­ness of Breath, and Obstru­ctions of the Lungs, and cause a free breathing.

IV. Aqua Antiscorbutica, The Water against the Scur­vy.

Bate.] Take Leaves of Fu­metary, Water-cresses, Scurvy­grass both sorts, Brook-lime, ana Mxij: Harts tongue, Ci­chory, Pine-tops, Germander, Hore-hound, Agrimony, Centory the less, ana M.x. mix: Roman Wormwood, Liverwort, ana, Miv.: Bryonie Roots ℥viij.: Roots of Female Ferne, Dook Bitter-sweet, inward Bark of the Ash, ana ℥vi: Ash-keys ℥iss.: Seeds of Angelica ℥ss.: all being fresh and bruised, add Rhenish-wine lb vi, in which a red-hot Iron has been twenty times quenched: Express all strongly out with a Press, and distil the Liquor in B. M. (ad­ding Troches of Capers pouder­ed ℥vi.: Lime of Mars ℥iss.:) to the thickness of Honey, the Magma evaporate to the con­sistency of an Extract, which keep for the Antiscorbutick Extract.

Salmon. It is an excellent Antiscorbutick, and a Water that may be profitably given in all cold and weak Sto­machs, and such as cannot digest their Food: It opens Obstructions of the Viscera, sweetens and strengthens the Blood in its Crasis, and is profitably given not only to young Girls against the Green-sickness, and in Scorbutick Rheumatisms, but also to a­ged People, to comfort and strengthen them; which it effectually does if given ad ℥ij. Morning and Evening, (a little dulcified with White [Page 4]Sugar) for fifteen or twenty days together. Dose of the Extract à ʒj and ʒij.

V. Aqua Antiscorbutica altera, The other Antiscorbutick Water. Micklethw.

Bate.] ℞ Leaves of A­ron, Garden-Scurvy-grass, Wa­ter-cresses, common Wormwood, ana Mvi.: fresh Orange peels, ℥iv.: Nutmegs ℥ij.: infuse for a Night in a Gallon of Bruns­wick Beer or Mum, and distil according to Art.

Salmon.] The four Ounces of Orange-peels must only be the yellow Rind pared off from the white, which in this case is of no great worth. It is a good Antiscorbutick, gi­ven with other things to the same intention. Dose by it self (sweetned) is from ℥j. to ℥ij. in the Morning fasting.

VI. Aqua Bechica, A Water against a Cough.

Bate.] Take Leaves of Ground-Ivy, Colts-foot, Oak of Jerusalem, ana lb iij.: Hyssop, Rosemary, Pennyroyal, Hore­hound, ana lb iss.: Roots of Ele­campane and Liquorice ana lb iss Orrice Florentine ℥xij.: Figgs cut lb iij.: of the best Saffron, A­nniseed sweet Fennelseed, ana, ℥ss. Spirit of Wine lb x.: Fountain Water lb48.: digest a while, and distil by a Vesica lb xxiv. or xxx. for to make the Sy­rupus Tolutanus Magistralis.

Salmon.] The Title shews the chief design, as being good against Coughs, Colds, Stoppages of the Breast and Lungs, Wheesings, and such like: Dose à ℥ij. ad ℥iv. sweet­ned with white Sugar-Candy at night going to Bed, it may also be taken in the day time in like manner, when the Cough proves troublesome; and may serve for a Vehicle to take Balsams of Sulphur in, or any other Pectoral or Anti­asthmatick Medicine. How­ever the Prescript tells you, it is to make the Magistral Sy­rup of Bals. de Tolu.

VII. Aqua Benedicta, The Bles­sed Water.

Bate.] Take unslackt Lime lb i.: to which affuse boiling Water lb viij: after the Ebu­lition is over, and it is suffici­ently setled, filter it and keep it for use. Dose ℥iij. or iv. thrice a day; or to be used as common Drink for a Month; being drunk it does much good in many cases, as in Redness of the Face, Pustules, &c. in the Kings-Evil, Asthma, Phthisick or Consumption of the Lungs, Empyema, malign Dysenteries, watery and scrophulous Tumors, [Page 5]flux of the Whites, running Gout, Morphew, Freckles, Her­pes, Tettars, Gangreens, Oe­dema, Swellings of the Knees and Shins, common Ʋlcers, with a Flux of Humours, &c. and in the cure of the Diabetes it is a most excellent Reme­dy.

Salmon.] If a few Cloves, Jamaica Pepper, or some other Spice be infused in it, to give it a relish, it will be so much the better. It is certainly an excellent thing to sweeten the Blood and Humours, and to absorb the acid Juices lodging in them, by which means it prevails against Heart-burnings, Soreness of the Stomach, Griping of the Intestines, and such like.

VIII. Aqua Benedicta Compo­sita, The Blessed Water Compound.

Bate] ℞ Fresh Liquorice ℥j.: Bark of Sassafras ℥ss.: Raisons of the Sun stoned ℥vj.: Nutmegs ʒ vj.: Aqua Benedi­cta aforegoing lb vj.: infuse without heat for two days, then strain and keep it for use. It is better than the former, and more efficacious in several Ca­ses.

Salmon.] It is not only good against the aforenamed Di­seases, but is also an excel­lent Pectoral opening Ob­structions of the Breast and Lungs, sweetning the acid Humours, and cleansing the Body of them: and may be of good use, to be taken some few days before the Exhibi­bition of a Purge or Vomit, for that it not only opens, but also loosens the toughest Hu­mour. Dose ℥iij.: two or three times a day.

IX. Aqua Camphorata, Cam­phorated Water.

Bate.] ℞ Roman Vitriol, Fine Bole, ana ℥iv.: Camphir ℥i,: mix and make a Pouder; of which put ℥j. to boyling Wa­ter lb iv.: remove it from the Fire, and let the Faerces settle. With this Water, being warm­ed, wash any Ʋlcer: It stops all Defluxions, cleanses, dries, strengthens, fastens the Teeth, hinders putrefaction, cures Ig­nem sacrum, Scaby Hands and prevails wonderfully against Ophthalmies, Epiphora, and o­ther Diseases of the Eyes.

Salmon.] To reduce the Camphir into subtil Po [...]der, you must first drop upon it a small quantity of rectified Spirit of Wine, so with a Knife, or in a little Mortar you may immediately rub it till it is impalpable, without which you will be troubled [Page 6]to bring it to a fine Pouder. This Water is a good Colly­rium, and prevails against all Diseases of the Eyes, taking away Mists▪ Clouds, Films, Pearls, Blood-shot, or any o­ther Distemper which obfus­cates the sight: it also cures Ulcers in the Eyes, by wash­ing them therewith two or three times a day; and is a most admirable thing against Herpes, Tettars, Ring-worms, or other breakings out in any part of the Body.

X. Aqua Cariophyllorum, Wa­ter of Clove-gillyflowers.

Bate.] ℞ Clove-gilliflow­ers new gathered lb ij.: Dates lb i.: Anniseeds, Liquorice, ana ℥j.: Lees of Wine lb xxiv.: digest and distil in an Alem­bick lb iv.: to which add Sugar­candy ℥iv.: and hang it in a Nodule, Cloves N^o iv.; Musk and Ambergriese, ana gr. v.

Salmon.] It is an excellent Cordial-water, good against Faintings, Swoonings, Sick­ness at Heart, Oppression of the Spirits, Wind, Gripings, and such like; and is very profitable to be given against the Plague, and all manner of pestilential Fevers proceed­ing from putrefaction. It chears the Heart, revives the Spirit, comforts Nature, drives away Melancholy, making merry and pleasant: but by reason of the Musk, you must be cautious not to give it to Women troubled with Va­pours or Hysterick Fits. It strengthens the Brain and Memory, fortifies the Animal Spirits, and is good against cold Distempers of the Head. Dose ℥j. in Wine or other convenient Vehicle upon any Paroxysm or Fit.

XI. * Aqua Cephalica, A Wa­ter for the Head.

Bate.] ℞ Male Peony-roots ℥iv.: Roots of Angelica, Vale­rian, ana ℥iss.: of Avens ℥i.: Leaves of Sage, of Rosemary, Betony, Marjoram, Bawm; Flowers of Lavender, Betony, Peony, Marigolds, Sage, Rose­mary Lilly Convally, of the Tile Tree, ana M.j.: Staechas ℥iss.: Red Roses, Cow-slips, A. M.ij.: Lignum Rhodium, yellow San­ders A. ℥vj. Nutmegs ℥iss. Ga­langal, ℥ss.: Cardamoms, Cu­bebs, A ℥iij.: infuse in the best White-wine lb xiv.: for ten days, then add of the best Ci­namon lb j.: digest for two days, and distil according to Art. It is profitable against the intemperature of the Head, Head-ach, &c. Dose two spoonfuls: Let it be drawn up the Nostrils, ba­thed [Page 7]well upon the Temples, and places about the Ears, dropt into the Ears, and held in the Mouth: and Lint dipt in it may be applied to the Nape of the Neck: It gives comfort to many, thô to others it is used in vain.

Salmon.] You must not draw it off to dryness, least the Matter tasts of Burning, unless you distil in Balneo, then you may be more secure: but if you have not the con­veniency of a Bath, but must make use of a Copper Vesica with its Worm, you must when you distil add a Gal­lon of Water; then may you draw off, nearly your whole quantity; or so much accor­ding to the strength which you design it. You may give it from ℥ij. to ℥iv. in any cold Distemper of the head: but in hot Distempers it will make the pain worse.

XII. * Aqua Cerasorum Compo­sita, Water of Black Cher­ries compound.

Bate.] ℞ Black Cherries with their Stones well bruised lb x.: Red Cows Milk new milked, two Gallons: Leaves of Violets, Bramble, Self-heal, Wood-bine, A. Miv.: distil according to Art. Dose half a pint twice a day. It is a most powerful Remedy in the cure of a Tympanites.

Salmon.] This ought to be distilled in Balneo, if you would make the Medicine well; and then you may draw off the matter to dry­ness. The Water is Stoma­tick and Astringent; and is of good use for those who have old Sores, running Ul­cers, Fistula's, &c. which are hard to cure.

XIII. * Aqua Chalybeata, Steel­ed Water.

Bate.] ℞ Mars cleansed ℥iv.: White-wine lb iv.: di­gest in the Sun, shaking the Glass every day, so long till the Wine grows black, and the Mars becomes altered in its colour; then add Juyce of fresh Strawberries gently pres­sed forth lb iv.: Sperma Ceti, Rhubarb, Mummy, A. ℥ss.: di­stil to dryness. Dose three or four Ounces twice a day in Fistula's or Ulcers of the Urinary parts, Apostems, Hemorrhoids, pissing of Mat­ter, Bruises, coagulated Blood, &c.

Salmon.] It is a good Me­dicine before Distillation, in my opinion, much better than after, being only filtrated: It cures the Green-sickness in Virgins to a miracle, and [Page 8]makes them have a good co­lour in their Faces, even in three or four times taking, presently taking away all their faintness, weakness, and indisposition to stir up and down. Dose ab ℥j. ad ij, in a Glass of Ale or Wine: It also is good against Consum­ptions and dries Ulcers and Fistula's, wonderfully dispo­sing them to a present heal­ing. Being di [...]illed, it has some of the same Virtues, but scarcely of half the strength▪ and therefore is to be given in double the Dose: But this advantage you have by distil­lation, that tho' it may not be of half the Vertue, yet it is five times more pleasant than that undistilled. But in my Opinion the former is pre­ferrable; and truly my Ex­perience has confirm'd it.

XIV. * Aqua Chamaemeli Com­posita, Camomil Water Compound.

Bate.] ℞ Camomil Flow­ers M. 30.: Cut, bruise, and infuse in Water stilled from Camomil itself, lb x.: Spanish Wine lb xvj.: digest for twenty four hours then express; and infuse a second time fresh Flowers M.xx.: Express again the third time, and infuse fresh Flowers M. xij.: then add the yellow of Orange-peels fresh ℥ij.: Pontick or Roman Worm­wood, Centory, Penny royal, O­riganum, A. Miiss.: Seeds of Dill ℥ij.: of Anise, Fennel, Caraways, Cumin, Carduus ben. Ladies Thistle, A. ℥iss.: Bay and Juniper Berries, A. ℥ss.: Nutmegs ℥iij.: digest a suffi­cient time, then distil accord­ing to Art. It is prevalent against Wind, Colick, Stone, obstructions of the Courses.

Salmon.] It warms the Sto­mach, expels Wind, opens Obstructions of the Urine, brings away Sand, Gravel, Slime, or other Matter stop­ping the passages; and is a specifick against Pleurisies, Stitches, and Pains of the side coming from Cold or Wind, or both. Dose ab ℥j.: ad ℥iij. in the Morning fasting. It is also found by experi­ence to be good against inter­mitting Feavers or Agues.

XV. * Aqua Cinamomi Car­diaca, Cordial Cinamon Water.

Bate.] ℞ Juyce of Borrage freed from its residence lb xxiv. Clove-gilliflowers, or Pinks. M.ix: Saffron ℈ij.: of the best Cinamon lb iss: Flowers of Bor­rage Miv.: distil in B M. ac­cording to Art. It is profita­ble against Faintings, Swoon­ings, [Page 9]dejection of Mind, &c.

Salmon.] It is an excellent thing against Consumptions, of what kind soever; and may be given in a Hectick, if the Sick drinks plentifully new Cows Milk, and some­times a sweet palatable Lime­water, which extinguishes the preter-natural heat. Dose ℥i. to ij, alone or in a proper Ve­hicle.

XVI. Aqua Cinamomi Hor­deata, Cinamon Water with Barly.

Bate.] ℞ Barly-water cla­rified lb viij.: Best Cinamon ℥xij.: digest and distil ac­cording to Art. Taken by Spoonfuls with Oxymel of Squils, it is of admirable use in Asthma's.

Salmon.] It is Cordial, good against Faintings and Swoon­ings, and has the Vertues of the former, but is thought to be not altogether so hot. It strengthens the Stomach, and very much revives the Spirits. Dose from three spoonfuls to six, either alone, or in any sit Vehiculum.

XVII. Aqua Cordium Compo­sita, Water of Hearts Com­pound.

Bate.] ℞ Calves Hearts new killed, and cut into pieces, N^o vi.: Crums of Bread steep­ed in Cows Milk, lb i.: Damask Rose-water, Orange Flower Water, A. lb i.: Citrons sliced. N^o iij.: Cinamon ℥iv.: Mace ℥i.: Gelly of Harts-horn made with White-wine lb iv.: Lambs and Calves Blood freed from the Fibres A lb ij.: Spanish Wine lb iij.: mix and distil according to Art. It is of ad­mirable use against Weak­nesses, and a dejection of the Strength.

Salmon.] It is given with good success in Consumpti­ons, Pinings, and Decays of Nature, and may be taken Morning, Noon and Night, from two Ounces to four, ei­ther alone, or in some fit mixture.

XVIII. Aqua Cosmetica, The Beautifying Water.

Bate.] ℞ Calves Feet bro­ken, N^o vi.: Mill Dust ℥iv.: Pouder of Myrrh ℥ivss: Wine, Milk, A lb iij.: mix and distil according to Art. With this the Face is to be washed; some smooth pieces of Alum being [Page 10]first shaked up and down in it.

Salmon.] Some parts of the Alum being dissolved in the Menstruum causes it to dry and whiten; it also heals Ulcers, dries up Tettars, or other breakings out in the skin, taking away Scruf, Morphew, Sun-burnings, and other like deformities: but it ought to be used twice a day; and after the skin has first been bathed for a pretty while with almost scalding hot Water, whereby the Pores will be opened, and so made the more fit to receive into it the vertues and efficacy of the Medicine.

XIX. * Aqua Crinalis, A Water for the Hair.

Bate.] ℞ Live Flies, [or rather Bees] ℥iv.: Honey lb i.: Milk lb ij.: mix and distil Sec. Artem. Besides, that it won­derfully helps in an Alopecia, or falling of the Hair; it is very good against Deafness, being dropt into the Ears.

Salmon.] If you infuse Pou­der of Pomegranate-peels in it after distillation, it will be more powerful to hinder a falling of the Hair: Also if you infuse therein Black Pepper ℥j. to a lbj. of Water: it will be of more than treblestrength in causing hair to grow upon bald places: and if you infuse Ant Eggs in it, being first bruised, it will be more pre­valent against deafness, and thickness of hearing: all which things you may use ac­cording to your discretion.

XX. * Aqua Cucumerum Com­posita, Water of Cucumers compound.

Bate.] ℞ Juyce of Garden Cowcumbers lb iv: White-wine lb vj.: Bean Cods lb iss.: Leaves and Roots of Rest-harrow, lb j.: Juniper Berries ℥vi.: Nut­megs, N^o 21.: Parsly-seed ℥iv. Seeds of White Saxafrage ℥iss.: Flowers of Broom M. viij.: of Elder, of white dead Nettles, A. M. vi.: distilled according to Art to driness. Dose ℥ij. every Morning to expel the Stone and Gravel, or Sand, Pills made of Cypress Tur­pentine being premised.

Salmon.] You may give before hand, either the Pilulae Diureticae Clossaei, described in our Doron Medicum, lib. 2. cap. 23. § 3. or these follow­ing: ℞ Cypress Turpentine ℥ij. Aniseeds, Caraways, in fine Pouder, ana, enough to make it up into Pills: of which the Sick may take from ʒj. ad ij. every Night going to Bed; for some time, drinking after [Page 11]it, the Water in the Prescript. These things thus jointly used, prevail also against the Scurvy and Dropsie, and all other ill habits of body.

XXI. Aqua Cynosbati Compo­sita, Water of Hipps com­pound.

Bate.] ℞ Hipps, or Fruit of the Wild Bryar, bruised Seeds and all ℥vi.: Seeds of Radishes ℥ss.: of Parsley ℥j.: of Saxifrage ℥ij.: Roots of White Saxifrage ℥i. Liquo­rice ℥iij.: of Altheaa ℥vj.: Whey lb x.: mix, and distil according to Art. Dose ℥iv. twice a day, wtih Syrup of Marshmallows and Purslane, the Conserve of the Pulp of the Hips being premised.

Salmon.] It ought to be di­stilled in B.M. to dryness: otherwise, if in a Copper Ve­sica with its Alembick, you must add Water lbiv. or vj.: and then draw but half off to avoid burning. It is a good thing against Sand, Gra­vel, or mucous Matter ob­structing the passages of the Reins and Bladder.

XXII. Aqua Digitalis, Wa­ter of Fox-Glove.

Bate.] ℞ Fresh Fox-Glove ℥xij.: Liquorce ℥iv.: Ani­seeds ℥ij.: Strong Beer lb xij.: ferment it nineteen days, and distil according to Art. It is an admirable Anti-asthma­tick, and is powerful to cause Expectoration: Dose some spoonfuls often.

Salmon.] It takes away Wheesings and Shortness of Breath, and is prevalent a­gainst most Distempers of the Lungs, which obstructs or hinder breathing. Dose ℥j. ad ij, in which ten or twelve drops of Spirit of Sal Armo­niack may be mixt: thus ta­ken it is good against Quin­sies, Pleurisies, and the like.

XXIII. Aqua Embryonum, A Water to preserve the Child in the Womb.

Bate.] ℞ Fresh Eringo­roots lb j.: Dates lb ss.: Sweet Almonds ℥iv. all being bruised and brought into a pulp, add Nutmegs ℥iij.: Mace ℥ss.: Barly Cinamon-water lb iss.: Spanish Wine, Baum-water, A lb ij.: mix and distil accor­ding to Art. Dose ℥ij. thrice a day with Sugar Pearled; an Electuary made of Con­serve of Red Roses, Clove­gilliflowers, preserved Nut­megs, Powder of Ivory and Pearl, &c. being premised.

Salmon.] This Medicine daily taken, nourishes the Child in the Womb, and pre­vents Miscarriage where it is [Page 12]feared, as also in such as are accustomed to it. It is cor­dial also, and restores in Consumptions. If you distil in B. M. you may draw off to dryness; otherwise you must add Water to prevent burning.

XXIV. * Aqua Epidemica, The Plague-Water.

Bate.] ℞ Celandine, Rose­mary, Rue, Sage, Mugwort, Worm-wood, Pimpernel, Dra­gons, Scabiouse, Agrimony, Bawm, Scordium, lesser Centory, Carduus Ben. Betony, Ros. Solis, A. Mij.: Roots of Angelica, Tormentil, Gentian, Zedoary, Liquorice, A, ℥j.: macerate in White-wine lb viij, for two days, then distil according to Art.

Salmon.] You may distil in B M. to dryness; otherwise if in a Copper Vesica, you must add Water to prevent the Empyreuma. This Wa­ter is profitable against the Plague or Pestilence, and all manner of malign and pesti­lential Feavers, &c. It may either be given alone from ℥ij. ad ℥iv.; or used as a Ve­hicle to convey other Medi­cines for the same intention in letting the sick be in bed, and sweating well upon it. In my opinion, if three or four good large Lemons were thin sliced and put (after Distillation) into the Water, it would be so much the bet­ter, for that the particles of that acid Juice certainly de­stroys all the Vermiculi, or Miasmata, which are the Progenerators of the Plague, or Pestilence; and also more powerfully overcome it when the Infection is begun. For this reason it is, Vinegar is put into almost all our Plague-Waters, by Sylvius, Barbet, and others of the more learned Physicians.

XXV. * Aqua Febrifuga, The Febrifuge-Water.

Bate.] ℞ Tops of Centory the less, M. viij.: Wormwood, Featherfew, Cink-foil, Mari­golds, Tormentil, Green Tobacco, Sorrel, Carduus Ben. Dragons, Camomil, Germander, A. Mvi.: Dandelon Mxij. bruise them all, and add to them Whitewine lb iv. and distil according to Art. To the distilled Water affuse new Herbs, digest and distil to dry­ness. In the distilled Water infuse Roots of white Dittany, of Tormentil, A. ℥iss.: Seeds of Citrons, of Carduus Ben. of Carduus Mariae, of Sorrel, A. ℥ij. Leaves of Scordium, Goats Rue, A. M. iv.: then distil according to Art.

Salmon.] This Water is profitable against all manner of Feavers, whether conti­nent, continual, or intermit­ting, commonly called Agues. You may either distil in a Copper Vesica, adding a convenient quantity of Water to keep it from burning, or distil in a Glass Body in B.M. then may you distil to dry­ness. This Water is also good for a cold and weak Stomach. fainting Fits, Palpitation of the Heart, and such like. Dose two, four, or six spoonfuls according to the Age, Sex, and as necessity requires.

XXVI. Aqua Formicarum, Water of Pismites.

℞ Bate.] ℞ Of the lar­ger Pismires (gathered in May or June) lb j.: Honey lb ij: Spring-water lb j.: mix and distil according to Art. Dose one spoonful. It provokes Vomiting, and cures Tertian Agues.

Salmon.] Let it be distil­led in a Glass Body in Balneo; otherwise, if in a Copper Ve­sica tinn'd within, you must not draw off much above a quart, least the Water tasts of burning, and so the Medi­cine be spoiled: If it be fer­mented before Distillation, it will make an Aqua Magna­nimitatis, which will be good against Melancholy, Sadness, and dejectedness of Mind.

XXVII. Aqua Fortis Duplex, Double Aqua Fortis, or Dissolvent of Silver.

Bate.] It is made of Nitre and Vitriol, Ana: distilled by a Retort according to Art. It dissolves Silver and Copper.

Salmon.] Filings of Venus, or Luna in Leaves may be dissolved by this Water: which being dissolved the Water may be separated by B. M. and the Calx of Luna, &c. will remain at bottom: If you dissolve this Calx again in double the quantity of fresh A F. abstracting, and putting on fresh continually, you will at length find the Metal reduced to an Oyl at bottom; for the fresh AF. does every time divide the Metaline Particles into infi­nitely finer and finer Atoms, till at length they become as it were a perfect Oyl, accord­ing to the Opinion of Para­celsus.

XXVIII. Aqua Fortis Alu­minata, Aqua Fortis made with Alum.

Bate.] ℞ Alum, Nitra, A. lb j.: Vitriol lb ss.: mix and [Page 14]distil according to Art.

Salmon.] It is to be distil­led by a Retort as the for­mer, and serves for the same uses: but this is much better for some work than the for­mer, for that it blacks not so much as that does; as in the dissolving of Pearls or Co­ralls; or the dissolving of Sil­ver in order to the making its Crystals for the Pilulae Luna­res, which see in its proper place.

XXIX. Aqua Herpetica, A Water against Tettars, Ring-worms, Itches, Scabs, Herpes, &c.

Bate.] ℞ Roch Alum ℥j.: White Vitriol ℥ij.: best White-wine Vinegar lb j.: fresh Roots of Elecampane ℥ij.: Leaves of Green Tobacco, M. j.: boyl to the consumption of a third part, strain, and add burnt Vitriol ℥ss.: mix, and keep it for use. Cloths being wet in a sufficient quantity of this Water, are to be laid upon the Herpes, and permitted to dry on, four times, viz. till (the Scabs yet sticking on) a new skin be generated un­derneath.

Salmon.] It not only cures Herpes, but also Scabs, Itch, Tettars, Ring-worms, and other breakings out of the skin; and I heard a certain Lady say, (who constantly used it) that it will take a­way Lentils, Freckles, Pim­ples, Sun-burning, Tannings, and such like Deformities: you may either use it with a Cloth as aforesaid, or only by bathing the parts affected several times a day, but then you must be sure, to let it be always very hot when you use it, so will it do five times more good than if you should use it cold; because hot, it the better opens the pores, and penetrates the skin.

XXX. * Aqua Hirundinum, Water of Swallows.

Bate.] Live Swallows Num­ber 40: Castoreum ℥j.: White-wine lb iij.: distil. It prevails admirably in cure of the Epi­lepsy.

Salmon.] If you distil in BM. to dryness, and coho­bate four or five several times, your Water will be so much the stronger and better; for at length by many Cohoba­tions the Volatile Salt will in some measure ascend and mix with the Water, which at the first distillation it will not. It is an excellent thing indeed in the cure of the E­pilepsy: Dose ab ℥j. ad ℥iij, every Morning for forty days [Page 15]together; and if in every Dose iv. or vi. Grains of Sal Volatile Cranii Humani be added, the Medicine will be so much the better. You may give it either alone, or in Black-cherry-water.

XXXI. * Aqua Hormini Com­posita, Water of Clary com­pound.

Bate.] ℞ Leaves of fresh Clary bruised, M. xij.: Spirit of Wine lb ij.: distil to dryness: to the distilled Water, put fresh Clary M. x. Flowers of Arch-angel, or Dead-nettles, M. vi.: and distil a second time: repeat the affusion and distillation with fresh Herbs and Flowers, adding also Nut­megs ℥j.: the Liquor distilling is to be received in a Glass up­on double refined Sugar ℥vj.: Ambergriese gr. iij. tyed up in a Rag, and hung within the Vial. It is of great use (a­mong young and tender Wo­men) for preventing Aborti­on; it also stops the Whites.

Salmon.] You must distil it every time in a Glass Body in B. M. it being digested or macerated twenty four hours before distillation; and then you must draw off the Spirit with a gentle Fire. It is good for the intention: but if you put into every quart of the Water Catechu in fine Powder ℥ij.: and so make a Tincture, it will be ten times stronger to all the purposes aforementioned, and will also stop the most violent flux of the Terms. Dose one or two spoonfuls at night.

XXXII. * Aqua Hungarica, The Queen of Hungary's Water.

Bate.] ℞ Fresh Rosemary Flowers lb ij.: Alchool of Wine, i. e. the highest and best recti­fied Spirit lb iij.: digest and distil S. A. It prevails against the Running Gout and Sci­atica. Dose to one spoon­ful twice a week. The Face and parts affected, may be daily washed therewith; it may also be drawn up the Nostrils, as in the use of the Aqua Cephalica.

Salmon.] It is of singular good use against Palsies, Cramps, Convulsions, the Falling-sickness, Vertigo, Le­thargy, Megrim, Head-ache, and indeed most Diseases of the Head, Brain, and Nerves, proceeding from a cold cause; it may be outwardly bathed upon the part twice a day, (it is a neat and cleanly Medi­cine) as also drawn up the Nostrils against the Vertigo, Head-ache, Megrim, &c. In­wardly [Page 16]it may be taken a­gainst all the same Diseases, as also against dimness of sight, cloudiness of Eyes, and even blindness itself, where it proceeds from an in­ward cause, nor do I believe there is any better specifick in the World, against weakness of the Sight, hurts of the O­ptick Nerves, and Palsies, than this very Water is; but it ought to be taken every day about a spoonful at a time in a Glass of pure Ale or Wine, or some other con­venient Vehicle, as Black­cherry Water, Aqua Lactis, &c. for a quarter of a year together, or more; yea, half a year if need requires. In external pains of the Gout, Sciatica, &c. as also in vehe­ment Colicks (for which it is an admirable thing) it will be much more powerful, if you add to it (to every quart of the Water) ℥ij. of the best Camphir; and then to bathe the place affected therewith, as also to take a spoonful of it at a time, in a Glass of Sack, in the most excrucia­ting Colick. This Water is a thing I have used many years in my Practice, and have found it of singular use to a great number of Disea­ses, more than I have here time to enumerate. I always keep great quantities of it by me, and have sent it through the Nation, to the most con­siderable Persons of the King­dom, Ladies of Quality, Phy­sicians, Chirurgions, &c. Those who desire it, may be suppli­ed with what quantities they please, as good as can be made by Art, at very reaso­nable Rates. It is good also to preserve against the Mea­sles, Small-pox, Plague, or Pestilence, and other infecti­ous Diseases.

XXXIII. Aqua Lactis Alexi­teria, Milk-water resisting Poyson.

Bate.] Mead sweet, Car­duus Ben. Goats Rue, A. M. vj.: Mint, common Worm­wood, A. M. v. Rue Miij.: Angelica M. ij. being bruised, add new Milk three Gallons: mix and distil in a common Still.

Salmon.] It is better if it be distilled in a Copper Vesica tinn'd within, with a very gentle Fire; but much better if it be distill'd in a Glass Body in BM. for then you may distil to dryness, and never hazard an Empyreuma, or tast of burning. The intention of this Medicine is to be used as a general Vehicle to take ma­ny other Medicines in, it be­ing [Page 17]much better and pleasan­ter than Beer, Ale, Wine, Water, Broaths, or Posset-drinks. However it is good against Poyson, the biting of Venemous Creatures; and is many times used to quench thirst in Violent, Continual, and Burning, or Malignant Feavers, where other Liquors being given would be preju­dicial. Dose ℥ij. ad vj.

XXXIV. * Aqua Lactis Car­diaca, A Cordial Milk-water.

Bate.] ℞ Sweet-scented Apples, (as Pippins and Pear­mains) with their peels and kernels lb xij.: Bawm, Scordi­um, A. M. x.: Zodoary, Tor­mentil, A. ℥viij.: new Milk lb x.: mix and distil, S. A.

Salmon.] It ought to be di­stilled as we have before di­rected; and then you have a pleasant Cordial Water to be used as a Vehicle to give any Cordial Medicines in, a­gainst fainting Fits, Palpitati­on of the Heart, Swooning, and other Distempers of the Praecordia. Thus, ℞ Of this Water à ℥ij. ad iv. plus minus, Cinamon Water ʒ iij.: Tin­cture of Coral ʒ j.: Confectio Alkermes ℈ij.: Syrup of Clove­gilliflowers, q. s. mix for a Cordial Draught.

XXXV. * Aqua Lactis Nephri­tica, Nephritick Milk-wa­ter.

Bate.] ℞ Leaves of Al­thaea, Pellitory of the Wall, Cleavers, A Miv.: Roots of Althaea ℥xij.: Liquorice ℥iij.: of White Saxifrage ℥iv.: new Milk lb xij.: mix and distil S. A. Or thus: ℞ Whites of Eggs, with the shells, (the yelks being taken away) N^o xxiv.: beat them well together, then add Milk warm from the Cow lb viij.: mix and distil accord­ing to Art, with a gentle fire. Dose half a pint every Morn­ing for fifteen or twenty days; and afterwards once or twice a Month, or for two or three days together about the New and Full Moons.

Salmon] This is chiefly to be used as a Vehicle to con­vey other Nephritick Medi­cines in, after this manner: ℞ Of this Water à ℥iv. adviij. Oleum Tartari per deliquium, ʒ iij.: Pouder of Winter Cher­ries ℈j.: mix for a Dose. This Water ought to be distilled in a Glass Body in B.M. and then you may distil to driness, otherwise it is impossible to avoid an Empyreuma.

XXXVI. * Aqua Lactis Pe­ctorali [...]. A Pectoral Milk-water.

Bate.] ℞ Garden Snails bruised lb j.: Hogs Blood lb ii.: Maiden-hair, Ground-Ivy, A. M. iij.: Harts-tongue M. ij.: Liquorice, Aniseeds, A. ℥iij.: Jujubs, Raisons, A. ℥iv.: Milk warm from the Cow lb xij.: mix and distil, S. A. It is a good Pulmonick, profitable against the Phthisick, Con­sumption, Pining, &c.

Salmon.] In my opinion, if Sal Armoniack ℥vi.: be ad­ded and dissolved in the Milk and Hogs Blood, and then distilled, it will be much more powerful to the purpose intended: It is good against Coughs, Colds, Obstructions of the Lungs, Shortness of Breath, and other Diseases of those parts. You may give it from an Ounce to ℥iij.: e­specially mix with some Pe­ctoral Syrup; and is used as a Vehiculum to convey any Pectoral Medicine down the Throat in.

XXXVII. * Aqua Lactis Scor­butica, Milk-water against the Scurvy.

Bate.] ℞ Sea Scurvy-grass, greater Hous [...]eek, A. M. xij.: Watercresses, Brook-lime, Grass, A M. vi.: Chervil, M. iv.: Milk warm from the Cow lb xij.: mix and distil S. A.

Salmon] Distil in a Glass Body in B. M. The Title shews the use: Dose ℥iv. or more at a time, every Morning fasting: but its chief design is to be a Vehicle to convey other Antiscorbutick Medicines in.

XXXVIII. Aqua Lamii Com­posita, Water of Dead Net­tles Compound.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of the White Arch-angel M.x.: Com­frey M. viij.: Clary, M. iv.: Dates N^o 24.: Nutmegs ℥iij.: Cassia Ligna ℥i.: Wine and Milk, Ana lb vj.: mix and di­stil to driness. It is used in the overflowing or flux of the Whites in Women; Dose ℥iv. at a time.

Salmon.] If you distil to driness you must do it in a double Vessel to avoid burn­ing: and if to every quart of Water you add ℥ij. of the best Catechu in fine Pouder, it will be much more power­ful to the end designed: the Water will extract a good Tincture from the Earth, and make it an excellent Medi­cine against the overflowing [Page 19]of the Terms also, or any in­ward Flux of Blood, spitting of Blood, pissing of Blood, &c. whereby it will be prevalent against Consumptions, Phthi­sicks, Violent Coughs, Ca­tarrhs, or any Flux of Hu­mours: The Tincture may be given ab ℥j. ad ℥iij. at Night going [...]o Bed in a Draught of Ale.

XXXIX. * Aqua Mellumi­nata, Honeyed Water A­lumed.

Bate.] ℞ Leaves of Oak, Rib-wort, Bramble, Straw­berries, Cinquefoil, Bugloss, Yarrow, Woodbine, Sage, Rose­mary, red Roses, A. M. ij.: Chips of Guajacum ℥iv.: Rho­dium ℥ij.: Roots of Bistort ℥i. Sulpher Vive ℥iss.: Vitriol. ℥i. Alum ℥iv. Honey lb ss. Water lb viij. boyl to the consumption of one half, strain, and the faeces being setled, you may keep it for a year, It is used with Oyl of Sulphur, for to cure Ulcers of the Mouth and Gums: with Flowers of Nitre it is the best Remedy against Pustules.

Salmon.] Besides what the Author has prescribed it for, it is a most excellent thing against all manner of Tettars, Ring-worms, Herpes, or o­ther like breakings out, pro­ceeding from a virulent, salt, and sharp humour. But this you must observe in the use of it, that the Patient must bathe with it for a quarter of an hour or more at a time, as hot as they can endure it, else it will not so effectually answer the intention.

XL. Aqua Mercurialis, Wa­ter of Mercury sublimate.

Bate.] ℞ Roots of White Lillies ʒ ij. Spring-water, q. s. boyl and strain, to lb i. of which add, bitter Almonds blanched ʒ ij.: make an Emulsion. In this dissolve (by grinding in a Glass Mortar) Mercury sub­limate ʒ ij, and make a most white Water, S. A. It takes away redness and pustles in the Face▪ for which it is a most certain Cure: touch the pla­ces often with the Water drop by drop at a time, and drying it always with a rag.

Salmon.] This Water seems to whiten at first, and with­out doubt it is of good use, if wisely used, to take away the defedations of the skin: but it ought to be used with cau­tion and discretion, and not for a constancy, least the infi­nitely small particles of the Mercury should by degrees, in length of time, insinuate [Page 20]themselves into the flesh, and in process of time corrupt the Bone. For an ordinary use, and with much less danger, the Water of the Gryphs Mercurii is much better to be used, which is thus made: ℞ Sublimate ℥j. in fine pou­der: Water boyling hot lb iv. put the Water upon the Mer­cury in a white ware Bason; and dissolve; or dissolve by boyling in an earthen Pipkin: then precipitate with Oleum Tartari per deliquium: the Mercury being fallen, decant the Water for use. It is ad­mirable to wash any old Sore or running Ulcer withal, and to bring it to a speedy heal­ing; and to cleanse and beau­tifie the skin, and take away the deformities thereof.

XLI. Aqua Odorifera, Sweet or Perfumed Water.

Bate.] ℞ Oranges and Le­mons, A. N^o vi. Roots of Flo­rentine Orrice, white Sanders, Cinnamon, A. ℥ij. Mace, Cloves, A. ʒ vi. Flowers of Lavender M iv. of Roman Camomil and Rosemary, A. M. ij. Leaves of Marjoram, M. ij. Basil M. iij. Styrax Calamit. ʒ iij. Benja­min ʒ v. Damask Roses M. xv. round Cyperus ℥ss. Fountain Water lb xxx. distil all in an Alembick according to Art, drawing off only the first lb xv. to every pint of which add (tied up in a Nodule) the best Musk gr. ij.

Salmon.] The Musk ought to be mixt with a third part of a Volatile Sulphur, such as is in that of Civit, to open its body, adding a few drops of Juyce of Limons, to make it exert its odour more pow­erfully, thus: ℞ Musk gr.ix. Civit. gr. iij. grind them to­gether on a Stone or in a small Glass Mortar, to which add Juyce of Limons gut iij. or iv. This being put in a Nodule, will sweeten or perfume twice the quantity of Water that the Musk will do alone: and will make almost an incredi­ble Odour. The Water it self is used as a Perfume, or it may be used in place of Rose-water; and is a most excellent Vehicle to make a­ny Cordial Juleb up withal; for it admirably comforts and recreates the Animal Spirits.

XLII. * Aqua Omnium Flo­rum, All Flower-water.

Bate.] It is made of Cows­dung gathered in May, adding to it a third of White-wine. and then distilled. Or thus: ℞ Fresh Cows-dung, Snails with their shells bruised, A. mix and distil in a common [Page 21]Still. This Water is said to be good against the Gout, running Gout, Rheumatism, Stone, Stoppage of Urine, &c. being very effectual: Dose ℥iv. at a time.

Salmon.] This is a Water of general tendency, being a Spirit extracted from the Sulphur of Plants in general: It is not only good against the afore-named Diseases, but a most excellent thing against the Scurvy in particular, as also against the Palsie, and o­ther Distempers of the Nerves, Blood, and Humours. There was a certain Woman who from the most obscure For­tune set up for a Doctress, and undertook the Cure of all Diseases with this only Reme­dy, or rather the same worse made; and from the state of a Beggar became Mistress of more than Twenty thousand pounds: This she gave in all Distempers, and against all Diseases; and so happy and successful she was, that she cured almost all such who were given over by others, for uncurable, and it was rare that any thing came un­der her hands that miscarried; this was her Catholicon, this her excellent Secret, by which she did such Wonders in the Art of Physick: ℞ Fresh Cow-dung gathered in the mor­ning lb xij. Spring or River­water lb xxx.: mix and di­gest twenty four hours; let it settle, and then decant the clear brown Tincture. It is without doubt a good thing, and so much the better, be­cause of its general tendency, and being constantly used with such an approved suc­cess: by reason it is extracted from Cows-dung, it has a pretty kind of sweet scent, as if it was perfumed with Musk, or some other odorife­rous thing: her usual pro­portions and way of giving it was thus: She ordered the Patient to take about 5 or 6 Ouncesin the Morning fasting, and last at Night going to Bed; and if the Disease was rebellious or stubborn, as much half an hour, or an hour before Dinner; and if there was any external affect, to bathe the part two or three times a day therewith very hot, for a quarter of an hour at a time: By this only and alone thing and method, she did even almost incredi­ble things. 'Tis true, the Medicine is but a mean thing, but not to be despised.

XLIII. Aqua Ophthalmica, Eye-Water.

Bate.] It is made of the Water from Gum Guajacum distilled by Retort in Ashes mixt with Brick dust, with a moderate Fire; the Oyl being separated, and the Water being rectified, and mixed with white Rose-water, S A. It is a most excellent Remedy in Diseases of the Eyes.

Salmon.] This is the acid Water of the Gum, which be­ing rectified is to be mixed with its equal weight or quantity of the Rose-water, or double or tripple quanti­ty, according as the Patient is less able to endure the pain and smarting; with which the Eyes are to be washed two, three, or four times a day, and at Night going to Bed, after washing, a little Virgin-honey is to be put into them.

XLIV. * Aqua Ophthalmica Sapphirina, The Sapphi­rine Eye-Water.

Bate.] It is made of Water of Calx Vive lb i. Sal Armoni­niack ʒ iij. put and kept in a Copper Bason, till it acquires a Sapphirine colour; and then to be futred for use. It is in­vented for various Diseases of the Eyes, three or four drops at a time being put in­to them: all sorts of Ul­cers, Defluxions of Humors, Rheums, Pustules, Suffusions or Cataracts, &c. are cured herewith.

Salmon.] All the difficulty in this Recipe, is to find out the just proportion of the Lime to the Water, to make the Water of a just strength, which because some may be ignorant of, we shall here set down. ℞ Quick-lime lb iij. put it into a large Vessel, upon which affuse three Gallons of hot Water gradatim. stirring the Lime till it is dissolved in the Water: stir it often with a wooden Spotula, that the Vo­latile Salt may dissolve and mix with the Water: let it settle for some hours, then de­cant the clear, which filter, and keep for the use aforesaid, close stopt. This is a most incomparable Water for most Diseases of the Eyes, it cures Ophthalmies, or Blood-shot, Clouds, Films, Pearls, or what other matter soever, which obstructs or hinders the sight: It cures sores, ulce­rated, rheumy or running Eyes, and has in a short time made those see, which have for some years been in a man­ner quite blind: I cannot e­nough [Page 23]praise it, but it ought to be esteemed as a Jewel. See the preparation in other proportions in our Druggist's Shop, lib. 4. chap. 14. sect. 15.

XLV. * Aqua Pectoralis, The Pectoral Water.

Bate.] ℞ Roots of Elecam­pane, of round Birth-wort, A. ℥iij. of our Orrice, or Flower­de-luce ℥iss. of Florentine Or­rice, Parsley, Fennel, Liquo­rice, A. ℥i. Green Tobacco, M. iv. Scabiouse, Veronica, Colts­foot, Hyssop, Horehound, Mai­den-hair, Carduus ben. A. M. j. Jujubes, Sebestens, A. N^o xxx. Figgs, Dates, A. N^o xvi. Seeds of Tobacco ʒ iij. of Ni­gella ʒ i. of Nettles, of Cresses, Mustard-seed, Linseed, A. ʒ ij. Bay-berries ʒ vj. Pouder of Gua­jacum ℥viij. Venice Turpen­tine (dissolved in the yolks of Eggs) ℥iiss. White-wine lb xvi. digest three days, and distil S. A. In the time of the distil­ling, let Hog-lice bruised N^o 60. be tied up in a rag, and hung by a thread in the Recei­ver. It is a very powerful thing against Asthma's, Dysp­naea's, Coughs, and tartarous Diseases of the Lungs and Reins, &c. Dose ℥ij, twice or thrice a day, out of the Fit.

Salmon.] All the Ingredi­ents are to be gotten green that can be, and then the whole Matter or Composi­tum is to be digested a day or two before distillation, in order to a previous fermen­tation; which done, you may distil either in BM, or a Cop­per Vesica tin'd within, draw­ing off only lbviij. so will you have a fine and spiritous Li­quor, good for all the Inten­tions proposed: but if you draw off to driness, you will have a double Liquor; 1. An Etherial Oyl. 2. A weak Water; which may be sepa­rated and kept apart: but the first way will be the best, in which the Liquor will be united into one: for other­wise, you must draw off the Water again, or rectifie it, separating the fine Spirit from the inconsiderable Wa­ter: then you must joyn the Spirit with the Oyl, and u­nite them by a third distilla­tion; all which is a great deal of trouble. It is an ex­cellent thing against Stone and Gravel, whether in Reins or Bladder, given as directed for a Month together. If it be well made and spiritous, you will find from ℥ss. to ℥i. to be Dose large enough.

XLVI. * Aqua Persicariae composita, Arsmart Water compound.

Bate.] ℞ Fresh spotted Ar­smart lb iij. Pellitory of the Wall, Purslain, Bean-cods, A. lb i. bruise them, and add Milk new or hot from the Cow lb viij. mix and distil S. A. It is a great Arcanum against the Stone in the Reins and Blad­der. Dose ℥iv. twice a day with Honey, for twenty six days together.

Salmon.] You may keep and use this Water as a gene­ral Vehicle, to convey all Ne­phriticks and Lithontripticks in, it being an excellent thing indeed against the Stone and Gravel, or any obstruction of mucous slime, or any other Matter afflicting the Reins and Bladder,: alone it may be given ad ℥vi.

XLVII. * Aqua Picarum com­posita, Water of Magpies compound.

Bate.] ℞ Young Magpies N^o vi. White Dung of a Pea­cock lb ss. Misceltoe of the Oak, Male Peony-roots, A. ℥iv. Fresh Cowslip Flowers lb j. White and Spanish Wine, A. lb v. infuse and distil, S. A. Dose ℥iv. Morning and Evening, in the last days before the Full and New Moons. It is an emi­nent Remedy against the E­pilepsie.

Salmon.] If you distil to driness it must be in a double Vessel in BM, and cohobate three or four times: other­wise, if in a Copper Vesica, you must add White-wine, Water, A. lbiij. more, and then draw off the first five or six pints. It is good against the Falling-sickness, and al­most all Diseases of the Brain and Nerves, Palsies, &c. and may be used as a general Ve­hicle to convey other Antepi­leptick, Neurotick, and Ce­phalick Medicines in.

XLVIII. * Aqua Pneumonica, A Water expelling Wind.

Bate.] ℞ Leaves of the best Tobacco, outward rind or peel of Oranges, A. ℥vi. Win­ters Cinamon, ʒ vi. Aniseeds ℥iss. Spanish Wine lb iss. Spi­rit of Wine lb i. digest and di­stil in a Glass Still. In the Colick, excruciating pains of the Stomach, want of Ap­petite, &c. it is an approved Cure. Dose i. spoonful be­fore eating.

Salmon.] It ought to be di­stilled in B. M. with great care: 'tis an excellent Car­minative, and Anti-colick, [Page 25]giving ease in those most in­tolerable pains, almost upon the spot. ℞ Of this Water a spoonful, Blood red Tincture of Opium, made with juyce of Sevil Oranges, gut. xx. ad xxx. mix for a Dose. Give this in extremity it will not fail of the desired end.

XLIX. Aqua Prolifica, The Water making fruitful.

Bate.] ℞ Seeds of Angelica hull'd, lb iss. Sweet Fennel-seed, Liquorice, A. ℥iv. Raisons sto­ned lb j. Leaves of Mugwort, Baum, A. M. iv. Carduus ben. Penny-royal, A. M. ij. Seed of Amomum ℥iv. Wine of Milk, A. lb vi. mix and distil accord­ing to Art. Dose ℥iv. (prae­missis, praemittendis) with Tin­cture of Juniper ʒi, and Sy­rup of the Juyce of Sage two spoonfuls, morning and night (℈ij. of the Pouder of the Seeds of Hartwort, or Bastard Lovage, mixt with Sugar of Roses, being given before).

Salmon.] You must distil in B.M. and draw off to dri­ness. It is given to cure Bar­renness in Women, and make fruitful. It sweetens the Blood, and destroys the Scorbutick Acidities, which hinder the breeding of good Seed, and being given at a convenient time, (after the exhibition of the ℈ij. of the Hartwort-seeds) it is said to provoke the Terms and effecteally cleanse the Womb of its Impurities, which hinder Generation. Sometimes it is also profita­bly given against Hysterick Fits: and may be used as a Vehicle for other things of like nature.

L. Aqua Regia, The Dissol­vent of Gold.

Bate.] It is made of Nitre and Sal Ammoniacum, ana, in a Glass Retort sufficiently large, placed in Sand, distilling for two days S. A. with degrees of Fire. It dissolves Gold.

Salmon. This is Basil Va­lentine's Aqua Regia: but that you might the better and more conveniently draw off the Spirit, you ought to add Pouder or Calx of Flints, viz. to the Nitre and Sal Ar­moniack A. lb ij. Pouder of Flints lb iij. and to distil by a red hot tubulated Retort; but the ordinary way is by an Iron pot, on which is pla­ced an earthen Cover like an Alembick with a Beak, set in a naked Fire with a large Receiver. This Water dis­solves Gold, and after many Cohobations will reduce it to an Oyl, and carry it with it, over the Helm into the Re­ceiver. Through the mani­fold Cohobations, the Sol be­comes [Page 26]volatilized, and is made to yield a blood red Tincture in rectified Spirit of Wine, if you proceed Philosophically; which is the highest of Cordi­als, and may be given some drops at a time, in a Glass of Sack, or other Wine against Faintings, Fits, Swoonings, Palpitation of the Heart, Trembling, Plague, Pesti­lential Fevers, Measles, Small-pox, &c.

LI. Aqua Salivalis, The Sa­livating, or Spitting Wa­ter.

Bate.] ℞ Mercury subli­mate, Venice Treacle, Zedoary, Cinamon, A. ʒ ij. Saffron ʒ ss. Fountain-water lb iss. mix, and infuse some days.

Salmon.] The intention of this Water is to salivate with, in order to the cure of the Lues Venerea, or other Re­liques of that filthy Disease: you may give one, two, or three spoonfuls at a time, (ac­cording as the strength and condition of your Patient may be) and so to diminish or in­crease the Dose (as you find it inclines your Patient to Vo­mit or not Vomit) a spoonful at a time, continuing the same with an increase of the Dose, till you find the Gums to begin to swell, and the Mouth to be sore: when you see the Flux to arise, you may desist the Exhibition, till you see with what force and vigour it comes on; if freely and briskly, give no more; but if dull and slow, you must yet continue it a Dose or two, or more, till you see it is likely to effect what you desire; which when done, and the Salivation becomes laudable, you must let it continue so long as your rea­son, and necessity of your Pa­tient may require, following the methodical Rules of a Sa­livation. The exact Dose, in order to a Salivation can­not be prescribed, that you must find out by your Pra­ctice and continual Experi­ence; for that the Constituti­ons of Bodies do so vastly dif­fer; the continual giving of one or two spoonfuls at a time, will make some Per­sons flux; while others shall take three, four, or five, and it shall do almost nothing at all, scarcely make their Gums sore or swell; therefore in this thing you ought to be guided according to the Nature, Strength, and Constitution of the Sick. You may exhibit it in a Decoction of Sarsaparil­la, or thin Water-gruel, or o­ther convenient Vehicle, which is free from any thing of [Page 27]sharpness, nor is apt to grow sharp in the Stomach after it is taken: for Liquors which are acid, or apt to turn acid in the Stomach, may pro­voke the Mercury to a strange kind of Violence; which by the softness, and sweetness of the Vehicle, would have o­therwise been kind and mild enough. Some give this Medi­cine Dietetically, and every day for a Month or two together, and with good success: but that must be after you have observed what Dose may be given without inclining the Gums to swell, which a pru­dent Man will soon be in­formed of. The following Water is a good Vehicle for the Exhibition of it in.

LII. Aqua Sarsae Composita, Compound Water of Sar­saparilla.

Bate.] ℞ Sarsaparilla, choice China, A. ℥xij. Lig­num Guajacum, lb ij. Bark of the same, Sassafras, A. lb iv. White Sanders, Coriander-seed, A. ℥iss. Liquorice ℥vj. White-wine lb xxiv. Barley-water lb xvj. digest for some time, then draw off per Vesicam lb xxiv. what remains strain out, and evapo­rate in Balneo Mar. to the Consistence of an Extract, S. A.

Salmon.] This Water is an Antidote against the French Disease, and all its Conco­mitants and Symptoms, and may be given dieterically e­very day, in order to the cure of that Disease, from ℥iv. ad ℥vi. It is good also against Surfeits, the Scurvy, Dropsie and Gout, for that it streng­thens the Tone of the Sto­mach, and the whole Ner­vous System, sweetens the Blood, taking away all its sharpness and acidities. It is also a good Vehicle to convey the former Medicine in, whe­ther you intend it as a Flux, or to use it only as a Diet. The Extract may be given à ʒj. ad ʒij. or more, in some of the same Water, for the same purposes and intentions, chiefly at Night going to Bed, and so to sweat upon it.

LIII. * Aqua Senelorum Com­posita, Water of Haws Compound.

Bate.] ℞ Ripe Haws, freed from their stalks, two Gallons: bruise them well, and add to them, Roots of Althaea, Li­quorice, A. ℥viij. of Rest-har­row ℥iij. Leaves of Parietary, Winter Cherries, A. ℥xij. Mint, M. ij. Seeds of common Dau­cus ℥iv. of Coriander ℥ij. Milk [Page 28]warm from the Cow lb xij. mix and distil, S. A. Dose ℥iv. sweetned with Syr. de Althaea, &c. It is an excellent thing against the Stone.

Salmon.] It ought to be di­stilled in M.B. to driness, and if it was several times cohoba­ted, it would be yet better. ℞ Of this Water from ℥iv. ad vj. Spirit of sweet Fennel-seeds ʒ vj. Pouder of Winter Cherries ℈j. mix for a Dose against the Stone, Gravel, Heats, Pain, and all Obstru­ctions of Urine. Or thus: ℞ Of this Water ad ℥vj. Tin­cture of Salt of Tartar ʒ ij. ad iij. Salt of Broom ℈j. Pouder of Winter Cherries gr. xvj. mix for a Dose for the same pur­pose. ℞ Of this Water ℥iv. Powers of Juniper Berries ʒ ij. Pouder of Sows ℈j. mix for a Dose.

LIV. Aqua Siphylica, The Pocky Water, or Water against the French-Pox.

Bate.] ℞ Chips of Gua­jacum lb iss. digest them in new well wrought Beer or Ale lb ij. digest in Ashes for three days, and distil to driness. Dose ℥i. in a fit Vehicle against the French Pox.

Salmon.] You must distil it in a Glass Retort in Sand or Ashes to driness, so will you have an acid Spirit of Gua­jacum joyned with the Spi­rit of the Beer or Ale, which will be profitable against the Lues, and its retaining Sym­ptoms given to ℥i. or more, in ℥iv. of the Aqua Sarsaecom­posita, aforegoing.

LV. Aqua Stimmios Sulphu­rata, The Sulphurated Wa­ter: or Gass of Antimony and Nitre.

Bate.] It is made of An­timony, Nitre, and Sulphur, ana. distilled into a Liquor, filtra­ted, and rectified according to Art. Dose so much as may give the Liquor a conveni­ent acidity. It opens Obstru­ctions, and is a noble Diure­tick and Diaphoretick.

Salmon.] It ought to be di­stilled in a tubulated Re­tort, into a very large Glass Receiver, having Water in it, so will the Volatile Spi­rits of the Ingredients impre­gnate the Water with such a Gass or Volatility, that it will be as uneasie to be smelt to, as Spirit, or Volatile Sal Ammoniack, and with a ve­ry pleasing acidity. If you distil in a tubulated Retort, into Water, &c. you must put in the Ingredients being in Pouder by spoonfuls into the Retort, being red hot, and [Page 29]then immediately to stop the Pipe, so will the matter be presently calcined, and the Receiver filled with cloudy Vapours, which mixing with the Water, the Receiver will presently be clear again, then put in more of your Pouder, repeating this work so long as it lasts. Before you begin your Distillation, be sure that the neck of the Retort be well luted into the Receiver lest the fumes should come forth and do you a mischief. You ought not to filter it, be­cause of its volatility, for that will much impair the Medi­cine. In this preparation the Niter opens the Body of the Antimony, and the Sulphur fixes its Emetick quality. Without the help of the Ni­tre the Spirit would difficult­ly come forth, for closing the Tube of the Retort, the Sul­phur would be stifled; but the Nitre being fixed by it, ceases not to burn till all is consumed. It is an Ens pri­mum of the three matters con­joyned, is a famous Antiscor­butick, and Antiarthritick: it is also a Preservative a­gainst the Plague or Pesti­lence, Measles, Small-pox, or any other malign Feaver, extinguishing the praeterna­tural heat upon the spot, purifying the Blood, and all the other Juyces: It opens all Obstructions whatsoever in the Stomach, Liver, Spleen, Gall, Mesentery, Womb, Hy­pochonders, Bowels, and o­ther organick parts, provokes the Terms, and cures the Greensickness and Cholick: but all these things it does more powerfully, if it be im­pregnated with the Crystals or Salt of Mars, or a Tin­cture be made therewith, of the Filings of Iron; you have then a Medicine great indeed, with which you may be cer­tain to do wonders.

LVI. Aqua Styptica, The Sty­ptick Water.

Bate.] ℞ Collothar, burnt Allum, White Sugar-Candy, A. ʒ j. boys Ʋrine, Red Rose-water A. ℥i. Plantane Water ℥iv. digest, filter, and keep it for use.

Salmon.] It is a most ex­cellent Styptick, and stops bleeding in any part, being applied with stuphs, or the like, for some time. This fol­lowing possibly may not be inferiour to any: ℞ Hunga­rian Vitriol, Roch Alum, A. lb ss. Phlegm of Vitriol, lb iv. boyl to the dissolution: being cold, filtrate it, and separate it from the Crystals; and to e­very pound of the Water, add [Page 30]Oyl of Vitriol ℥j. mix and keep it for use. It has the same Virtues with the former, but much more powerful.

LVII. Stypticum Regis, The Royal Styptick of King Charles II.

Bate.] ℞ To Vitriol dissol­ved, filtrated, precipitated with Spirit of Vinegar, edulcated and dried, affuse Oyl of Vitriol, and distil by a Retort to dri­ness. The Caput Mortuum digest with Spirit of Wine, fil­ter warm, and abstract: dis­solve the Salt remaining in the bottom, with four times its weight of Water, by digestion, and the Styptick is done. Its use is both internal and exter­nal; Dose gut. 10.20, &c. in all sorts of Haemorrhagies, or Bleedings.

Salmon.] The first part of the Prescript, is only an arti­ficial Method, teaching you how to make Spirit of Vitriol, which is possibly better than the ordinary method: the whole in short is this: You must first extract a Salt out of the Caput Mortuum of Vitriol, with Spirit of Wine: this Salt you must dissolve in four times its weight of fair Water, and your Styptick is made. This is the great Styptick which made such a noise in the World, and for the know­ledge of which K. Charles II. gave a vast Sum of Mo­ney. It is not only a great Styptick, as to the stopping of violent Hemorrhagies, but a most excellent Vulnerary, possibly one of the best yet known in the World. In spittings of Blood, Bloody Fluxes, (Universals being pre­mised) violent Fluxes of the Terms, pissing Blood, it is a noble Arcanum, and upon an exigency worth a whole A­pothecaries Shop.

LVIII. * Aqua Tussilaginis Composita, Water of Colts­foot compound.

Bate.] ℞ Herb Gerrard, Hyssop, A. ℥viij. Flowers of Colts-foot ℥xxiv. Liquorice ℥iv. Aniseeds ℥iij. Raisons lb j. strong Beer lb xij. mix and di­stil S. A. It prevails against a Pleurisie, Empyema, or Inflammation of the Lungs, &c.

Salmon.] You may distil in a Copper Vesica, with a gentle Fire, and draw of eight pounds, or in a Glass Body in BM. and distil to driness: but the first will be the stron­ger, as having less of Flegm in it. It is indeed an excellent thing against most Distem­pers of the Breast and Lungs, [Page 31]where there is any stoppage, shortness of breath, difficulty of breathing, pain, stitch, swel­ling of the Pleura, or the like. Dose ab ℥ss. ad ℥i. in any fit Vehicle: Or you may give it thus: ℞ Of this Water ℥j. Spirit of Sal Armoniack, or of Harts-horn gut. xxx. Black-Cherry-Water ℥iij. White Su­gar-candy in fine Pouder ʒ ij. mix for a Dose.

LIX. * Aqua Venustatis, The Beautifying Water.

Bate.] ℞ Mint Water lb j. fine common Salt ℥iss. boyl and scum it. It is to wash the Face with after the Small-Pox; it also takes away Scurf and Itch.

Salmon.] It is an excellent sort of Salt Brine, which may be useful in the case prescri­bed; but it is of known ef­ficacy being used almost scal­ding hot, against Kibes in the Feet and Toes, not broken, which the Vulgar call Bloo­dy-falls.

LX. Aqua Vermifuga, A Wa­ter killing Worms.

Bate.] ℞ Crude Mercury well cleansed ℥i. Water of Grass and Purslane, A. ℥iv. digest two hours, often and strongly stirring of it; afterwards de­canting the Water, straining it, and leaving the Mercury in the Vessel. It is given three spoonfuls at a time, thrice a day.

Salmon.] The better way is to put Mercury ℥viij. with any proper Water lbiij. or more; into a large Glass, and being close stopt, to shake it for three or four hours toge­ther; then to digest it in a gentle heat for a week, more or less, or otherwise to boyl it for two or three hours, by which means the Water will be better impregnated. It is a known remedy for killing Worms of all sorts; and may be given with all the safety i­maginable.

LXI. Aqua Vulneraria; The Wound-water: Sir Ken. Digby.

Bate.] ℞ Of the best Vi­triol ℥ss. pure Nitre ʒ ij. put upon it Fountain-water six Gallons, digest and let it stand still for forty eight hours: then with a Syphon, (without troub­ling the subsiding matter) draw off the Water. Dose half a pint or a pint, twice or thrice a day. It immediately and effectually cures Wounds or Ulcers.

Salmon.] The Nitre is chief­ly put in, to cause an exqui­site [Page 32]subsidence of the dissol­ved matter, that the Water might be perfectly clear. It is doubtless an excellent thing for the curing of any Wound or Ulcer, whether inward or outward, in what part of the Body soever. And since Vi­triol (in the Sympathetick Pou­der) has such a mighty pow­er and force, that it is able to cure Wounds at a distance; yea, at a very great distance; it is much more reasonable, being taken into the Body, and received into the mass of Blood, and thereby into all the parts of the whole Body, that it should perform the same thing more powerfully, and with more singular ad­vantages. This Water drunk for some Months together, is said perfectly to cure the Le­prosie, Scurf, Morphew, and such like defedations of the skin.

LXII. Aqua Absinthii Com­posita, Wormwood Water Compound.

†] ℞ The outward fresh rinds of Lemons lb iss. Orange-peels lb j. Tops of dried Worm­wood, Winters Cinamon, A. lb ss. Flowers of Camomil ℥iv. Lesser Cardamoms not husked, Cloves, Cubebs, Camels Hay, A. ℥i. Cinamon, Nutmegs, Ca­raways, A. ℥ij. Spirit of Wine lb xij. Spring-water (or Worm­wood Water draw off a second time from the faeces) gal. ivss. digest for three days, then distil in B. M. to driness.

Salmon.] It is an excel­lent Stomach-water, and a good Cordial, prevalent a­gainst Faintings and Swoon­ing Fits, Cholick, Wind in the Bowels, and such like. It is also a specifick against the Scurvy, very much sweetning the Blood; and an admira­ble Surfeit-water, being given to ℥j. or more, either alone, or in any proper Vehicle.

LXIII. Aqua Alexiteria, The Water resisting Poy­son.

†] ℞ Juniper-berries lb iij, Zedoary, Myrrh, Seeds of Angelica, A. ℥ix. Dittany of Creet. Virginia Snake-root, A. ℥vj. Saffron ℥iss. Spirit of Wine gall. iiss. Aqua Proa­lexiteria gall. ivss. infuse warm for three days, then distil in B.M. to driness. A second A­lexiterick Water is made by affusing simple Water upon the faeces, and distilling it; and afterwards mixing it with an equal part of the Aqua Alexi­teria.

Salmon.] It is profitable a­gainst the Plague, Measles, [Page 33]Small-pox, and all manner of malign and pestilential Fe­vers, the Bitings of Serpents, [...]ad Dogs, and other vene­ [...]ous Creatures; and may [...]e given either alone to ℥j, or ℥ij, or mixt with any conve­ [...]ient Vehicle. It prevails al­so against Faintings, Swoon­ [...]ngs, or any other Distem­per or Sickness of the Sto­mach and Heart. If six good Lemons sliced be added to the Composition, the Water will be of almost double worth; for the reasons we formerly expressed, at Sect. 24. aforegoing.

LXIV. Aqua Chamaemeli com­posita, Camomil Water com­pound.

† ℞ Tops of Wormwood ℥viij. Flowers of Camomil, Nutmegs, A. lb j. Spirit of Wine a Gallon: simple distilled Ca­momil Water, (or fair Water) Gal. 6. infuse for three days, then distil in B. M. to dryness.

Salmon.] Being distilled ac­cording to this Prescript, the Water will be very low and small, and the Oyl of both the Camomil Flowers and Nutmegs will swim a top, which ought to be separated for other uses; and the Wa­ter kept for a Cephalick, Sto­matick, Cardiack, and Ne­phritick Vehicle: But if you would distil so, as to have the oylie parts to be joyned with the spirituous; you must put only Spirit of Wine in a four-fold quantity, which you may in B. M. draw off to driness, cohobating three or four times. Or you may distil in a Copper Vesica, adding Water Gall. i. and drawing off to driness with a very gentle heat, which you may cohobate as before, three, four, or five several times, drawing off in the last distillation only the compleat quantity of the Spirit of Wine: In every distillation or cohobation, you will have more or less of the Oyl to a­rise, which you must after e­very cohobation separate and keep by itself: lastly having separated the pure high re­ctified fine Spirit from its phlegmy parts, you are to joyn the Volatil Oyl, (ga­thered upon each distillation and cohobation) with the said Spirits, mix, and distil them together, so will they be united, and become one subtil, volatile, spirituous and congenerous Medicine, having a thousand times more virtue and power than that produ­ced by the Prescript. It is a great Cephalick and Cordial. Dose ʒij.

LXV. Aqua Cochleariae com­posita, Scurvy-grass Water compound.

† ℞ Garden Scury-grass lb xxx. Horse-Radish-roots cut into thin slices lb vj. fair Wa­ter Gall. iij. infuse warm for twenty four hours: then draw off three Gallons of Wa­ter.

Salmon.] This ought to have a different distillation from that of Aromaticks, for as Scurvy-grass, &c. abounds with more volatile Spirits, and more volatile Salts, so it admits of less fermentati­on; and therefore ought to have a proper Menstruum, (stronger than common Wa­ter) which may attract, dis­solve, and joyn with the es­sential parts of the Ingredi­ents and carry them along with it in distillation, without chan­ging their natures and vir­tues; for this purpose you may use strong March Beer, clear and well made Rhenish Wine, Cyder, Perry, Mead, as also Spirit of Wine, &c. as proper Menstruums. ℞ Of the Ingredients as much as you please, which shred small, put them into a Copper Vesica tin'd within, and affuse thereon of some of the former Liquors so much as may over-top the In­gredients four of five Inches, then distil twenty four hours, and distil through a Serpentine or Worm, with a very gentle Fire, that the spirituous and volatile parts may ascend, con­tinuing the distillation till the falling drops are almost insipid: to this Water put the same quantities of the Ingredients again in like manner, and its equal weight of Wine, digest and distil again as aforesaid: the distillation being over, put in again fresh Herbs, pouring in upon them the last distilled Liquor, which digest and di­stil as aforesaid, repeating this distillation so long, till the Spi­rit is strong enough: this done, rectifie the Spirit in B. M. keeping that which is repleat with Sulphur and Volatile Salt, and ascends first, apart by its self: and the remaining spiri­tuous Water by itself, continu­ing the distillation till the drops are almost insipid. All these Liquors are essentially good against the Scurvy, Dropsie, and Gout, as also against the Cholick, Rheumatisms, Sur­feits, and other like general Distempers, which will hard­ly admit of any singular name or denomination: Dose of the Water in the Prescript ℥i. or more, in a Glass of Ale, or other proper Vehide. But of the sulphurous Spirit [Page 35]abounding with Volatile Salt a gut .xx. ad 40. in Ale or Wine as aforesaid: and of [...]he spirituous Water follow­ing it ʒj. ad ij. continuing their use for some weeks.

LXVI. Aqua Cordialis, The Cordial Water.

† ℞ The outward rind of Lemons fresh, ℥iv. of Oranges ℥iij. Cinamon ℥ij. Nutmegs, Mace, Calamus Aromaticus, Coriander, A. ℥i. Cubebs ʒ vj. Cloves, Seeds of Carduus ben. Cardamoms unhuskt, A. ℥ss. Saffron ʒ ij. Spirit of Wine lb vj. Fountain-water lb xij. infuse and distil according to Art.

Salmon.] You ought to di­stil in B. M. to driness, and to cohobate two or three times, drawing off the last time only lbxij. of the Water: Or you may distil in a Cop­per Vesica, drawing about lbx. which you must dulcifie (if you would make it plea­sant to the tast) with a small quantity of Syrup of Damask Rose-water, made with dou­ble refined Sugar in the heat of a Bath. Dose from ℥j. to [...]ij. either alone, or in any proper Vehicle, against Faint­ings, Swoonings, Palpitations, sickness of the Heart of and Sto­mach, Plague, Pestilence, and all manner of malign Fevers, in which last cases it ought to be given in some cooling Vehicle, with three or four drops of Spirit of Sulphur in it.

LXVII. Aqua Lenitiva, The Lenitive, or Loosening Wa­ter.

† ℞ Figs, Althaea Roots, A. lb ij. Liquorice, Florentine Orrice, A. lb j. Flowers of El­der dried ℥iij. infuse in Spring or Fountain Water, Gal. v. and add Styrax Calamita ℥iij. Nutmegs ℥ij. Aniseeds, Sweet Fennel-seeds, A. ℥ss. infused in Spirit of Wine lb vj. Oyl of bit­ter Almonds ℥vj. mix, digest and distil in an Alembick ac­cording to Art.

Salmon.] It opens Obstru­ctions of the Bowels, and o­ther Viscera, strengthens the Tone of the Stomach and o­ther parts, and may be given ab ℥iij. ad vj. being designed, as I suppose, only for a Vehi­cle to convey any Lenitive Purge in, down into the Bo­dy. Of itself it purges not, nor can it any ways loosen the Belly: Nor do I see for what reason the Oyl of Al­monds is added, for it is scarcely possible to be brought over the Helm in an Alem­bick; which yet, if it could be done, will be but the [Page 36]same thing it was before, and not in the least mix with the Water, but only swim upon it.

LXVIII. Aqua Pectoralis, The Pectoral Water.

†] ℞ Figs lb vj. Roots of Ele­campane, Liquorice, A lb iij. Florentine Orrice lb iss. Anni­seeds, sweet Fennel-seeds, A ℥i. Spirit of Wine gal. iiss. Aquae Propectoralis, (or Fountain-wa­ter mixt in equal parts, with the said Aq. Propectoralis) gal. iv. ss. infuse warm for three days, then distil to driness.

Salmon.] Let it be distil­led in B. M. to avoid an Em­pyreuma: Dose ℥j. at a time, more or less, in any Cough, Cold, Soreness of the Breast and Stomach, shortness of Breath, difficulty of Breath­ing, or any obstruction of the Lungs: your best way of ex­hibiting of it, will be thus: ℞ Of this Water ℥i. Syrup of Poppies ℥ss. Spirit of Sal Ar­moniack, gut. xvj. mix for a Dose. Which may be repeat­ed twice or thrice a day.

LXIX. Aqua Propectoralis, The Water for making the Pectoral Water with.

†] ℞ Oak of Jerusalem, Colts-foot, Ground Ivy, A. lb vj. Hore-hound, Penny-royal, Hys­sop, Rosemary, A. lb iij. Foun­tain Water twelve gallons, in­fuse warm for iij. days, and then distil in an Alembick, S. A.

Salmon.] Being a little fer­mented in that three days with Sugar or Melossos, ad­ded in a fit quantity, viz. lbj. to a Gallon of Water, you will have a small Spirit, or rather Water, fit for that purpose it is designed for; and may serve for Vehicle for other Medicines: it is best distilled in B. M. to dri­ness.

LXX. Aqua Proalexiteria, The Water for making the A­lexiterick Waters with.

†] ℞ Green Walnuts lb xxxv. or in number 400. fresh Roots of the Butterburr lb xij. of Masterwort lb iv. of Valerian, Elecampane, Flowers fresh ga­thered of Marigolds, Leaves of Scordium, Bawm, Centory the less, A. lb vj. Wormwood, Rue, A. lb ss. fair Water, gal. xviij. infuse warm for three days, then distal in an Alembick with its Worm, till you have drawn forth all the vertue, but having a care to avoid burning: you may draw off from gall. xij. to xv.

Salmon.] It will be best in [Page 37]this as in the former, to add to every gallon of Water lbss. of course Sugar or Melossos, to cause a fermentation, and then in B. M. with a Worm to distil to dryness; other­wise in an Alembick, you must not draw off above gal. xiv. of the Water. Be­sides the purpose for which it is designed, which is the making of the Aqua Alexite­ria aforegoing, it may indif­ferently serve for a Vehicle to convey any Cordial Medicine, or Antifebritick in.

I. Spiritus Alkermes, Spirit of Alkermes.

Bate.] ℞ SPirits of Cinamon, of Citrons, of black Cherries, of Rosemary Flowers, A. ℥iv. Juyce of Kermes ℥ij. mix them very well, filtrate through brown paper, and add of the best white Sugar-Candy ℥ij. Leaves of Gold N^o 10. mix them S. A. For the Rich some add the Spirit of Ambergriese ℥ij. It discusses sharp Va­pours, recreates the Spirits Natural, Vital, and Animal; gives relief and comfort to Women in Labour.

Salmon.] This is properly a mixture or compound made of several choice things, where [...]y it becomes a great Cepha­ [...]ick, Neurotick, and Cardi­ack; and may be given in all cases where there is any Deliquium Animi, as Faint­ings and Swoonings, Sickness at Heart and Stomach; and indeed in almost every kind of weakness; as also in Pal­sies, Tremblings, Numbness, feebleness of the Joynts, weak­ness of the Sight, and in most of the Illnesses and Distem­pers of Old Age, for that it comforts, warms, and che­rishes their chilled and un­active Juyces, &c. Dose ℥ss. either alone, or in any pro­per Cordial Water. I know but one fault in this Com­position, which is its dear­ness, it being only fit for the more wealthy sort of People, who are able to pay a good price for a Cordial Draught.

II. Spiritus Aluminis, Spirit of Alum.

Bate.] It is distilled from burnt Alum by a Retort, in all respects, as you distil Oyl of Vi­triol. Dose gut. 4, 5, 6, &c.

Salmon.] 1. It is Roch Al­lum which you are to use, of which you may take lbvj. put it into a very large Glass or Earthen Body, fit to it a Head with its Recipient, and distil in Sand till no more moisture will arise; this is the Flegm of the Alum. 2. This done, break the Body, take out the white Mass and pouder it, which put into an earthen Retort half empty, place it in a Re­verberatory Furnace, luting to it a large Receiver; make a gentle Fire for the first three hours, to warm the Re­tort as it were, then increase it every hour to the utmost violence, so will the Spirits come forth, and fill the Re­ceiver with white Clouds: continue the Fire at this height for three days and nights together, then let the Vessels cool: so will you have an Acid Spirit, which by re­ctifying in a Glass Alembick in Sand, you may make pure and clear. 3. At the bottom of the Retort is a white and very light Calx, very much rarified, which is called burnt or calcined Alum. 4. The Phlegm of Alum is used a­gainst Diseases of the Eyes, for Quinsies, to cleanse Wounds and Ulcers, and to heal them: more especially if in six Oun­ces thereof, you dissolve ʒi. of the crude Roch Alum. 5. The Acid Spirit. It is scarcely so pleasant as that of Vitriol and Sulphur, but it is ordi­narily used in Juleps for Con­tinual and Continent Fevers, as also in Tertian Agues, and has indeed neerly all the Vertues of the Oyls, or Spirits of Vitriol or Sulphur: Dose is from four to eight drops. It is likewise used in the cure of the Aphthae or Thrush, i. e. little Cankers in the Mouths, for the most part of Children. This Spirit thus distilled with a strong Fire for three days together, does not give place neither in strength nor quantity to that of Vitriol, notwithstanding that most Authors affirm the contrary, saying, that it yields but little Acid. 6. The white light Calx, after the last di­stillation, which we call burnt Alum, is used to eat fleshy excrescences, or proud flesh, &c. but that which remained before, after the first distilla­tion, or when the Flegm of [Page 39]the Alum was only drawn off, is much more Escarcotick than the latter, which has lost its acid Spirits. 7. In the first distillation you must fill the Retort not above half full, because it is apt to swell much, and requires a great deal of room; and the Flegm is all come off, when there di­stils no more, for the acid Spirits being very weighty, require a much greater heat than that of Sand to raise them. 8. Lastly, There is no such thing as an Acrimoni­ous Salt of Alum, to be distin­guished from its Acid Salt; for that there is nothing Acri­monious, or purely Corrosive in this Mineral, which will not turn into an Acid Spirit, being strongly forced by the Fire, which he that shall take the pains actually to distil it, shall find the Mechanical de­monstration of.

III. Spiritus Aluminis dulcis, Sweet Spirit of Alum.

Bate.] It is made by often­times rectifying the aforego­going Spirit of Alum, with re­ctified Spirit of Wine so long, till the Spirit comes over sweet. It is Diuretick, expels the Stone, opens Obstructions, and abates the heat in Fevers. Dose gut. 4.5. &c. at a time.

Salmon.] You must mix equal parts of Spirit of Alum, and Spirit of Wine together, and so draw them off, till they grow sweet: this mix­ture also will grow sweet, meerly by digestion in a gen­tle heat, in length of time, whereby it appears, that this Spirit, (like as unripe and sour Fruit, grows ripe and sweet by length of time, and heat of the Sun, through the power of its internal heat conjoyned); in like man­ner ripens and looses its Acidity, by vertue of the in­ternal heat of the Spirit of Wine, conjoyned with it, and stirred up by the exter­nal heat of a Bath, or Sand. It opens also Obstructions in the Reins and Bladder, and dissolves whatever is lodged there, causing Obstructions. It opens also Obstructions of Liver and Spleen, prevails a­gainst the Scurvy, or a Scor­butick habit of Body; cures Continent and Continual Fe­vers; cures Inflammations; and heals sore Throats and Mouths. Dose à gut. v. ad xx. plus-minus.

IV. * Spiritus Ambrae, Spirit of Ambergrise.

Bate.] ℞ Ambergrise ʒ ss. Muck gr. xv: Sugar-candy ʒ j. [Page 40]mix and make a Pouder; up­on which affuse of the best re­ctified Spirit of Wine ℥iv. di­gest (in a Vessel hermetically sealed) in Horse-dung, for twen­ty or thirty Days; then filter for use. Dose gut vj. in any Swooning or Fainting of the Spirits.

Salmon.] For want of the conveniency of Horse-dung, you may use either a Bath, or a genle heat in Sand, of equal strength with the Horse­dung. The Musk and Am­bergrise will be almost. all dissolved in the Spirit of Wine, and make a Tincture of a high red colour: for Amber­grise being a kind of Bi­tumen, and Musk being of an oylie nature, they will ea­sily dissolve in the Spirit of Wine, and communicate to it their Tincture. If a few grains of Civet be added to the Composition, the Tin­cture will be yet richer; for that the Bodies of the Musk and Amber will be thereby more admirably opened, it being a more excellent and volatile Sulphur. ℞ Am­bergrise ʒ ss. Musk gr. 15. Ci­vit gr. ix. burnt Bones in fine Pouder ʒ j. grind altogether in a Glass Mortar, then add Juice of Lemons, gut. 10. Spirit or Oyl of Damask Roses ʒ j. mix well, and put it into a Glass Matrass, upon which affuse of the Alcohol of Spirit of Wine ℥iv. seal up hermetically, and digest till the Tincture is deep. Where note, That the Civet and Spirit of Roses are added, the better to open the Bodies of the other Perfumes; and the Pouder of Burnt Bones serve only to separate the Particles of the Ingredients the better one from another, and that they may be the ea­sier poudered; whereby, when the Spirit of Wine is put upon them, it will the more admirably penetrate their Substance, and extract their Tincture. Dose à gut. vj. ad xij. in any convenient Cordial Vehicle.

V. * Spiritus Benzoini, Spirit of Benjamin.

Bate.] ℞ Of the white parts of the best Benjamin ℥ij. best rectified Spirit of Wine ℥xvj. let them remain toge­ther in a cold place, often sha­king or stirring the Vessel, till the Rosin is dissolved, then fil­ter, and keep it for use. If you precipitate with Aqua Lactis, and then dry it, you will have Magistery of Benjamin. Dose of the Spirit à ʒj. ad ʒiij. of the Magistery à gr. 10. ad 20. It has the Virtues of the Benjamin.

Salmon.] Benjamin, or Assa Dulcis, is a Resin of a Tree whose Name is yet unknown to us, which is very common in Samaria, and other Coun­tries adjacent thereto. That which has white Spots in it is called Amygdaloides. 2. This Medicine which the Author calls a Spirit, is rather a Tin­cture, for that it is a dissolu­tion of the Sulphurous parts of the Gum in the Spirit of Wine. 3. Inwardly taken it strengthens the Stomach, and is good against Asthma's and other Obstructions of the Lungs; it also mightily sweetens the Blood, and is prevalent against Scorbutick, Arthritick, and Pocky Sym­ptoms; and an excellent thing against the Colick. The Magistery has the same Vir­tues, but is not full out so powerful. 4. Outwardly it is used to take spots out of the Face, and remove the defile­ments of the skin; a dram of it being put into four oun­ces of Water, whitens it like Milk, which serves for a Wash, and is called by some Virgins Milk. 5. This white colour in the Water, results from the weakning of the Tincture with the Water, whereby the Spirit quits what it held, to the Water, the par­ticles of which make the Wa­ter white. 6. If this Water be suffered to stand still, those particles will settle to the bot­tom, which are the Magistry, and the Water will become again clear. 7. That if a sixth part of Styrax Calamita be added, the Odour will yet transcend.

VI. * Spiritus Camphorae, Spirit of Camphir.

Bate.] It is made by dis­solving Camphir ℥j. in the best rectified Spirit of Wine ℥viij. S. A. Dose ℥ss. before the Fit of a Tertian Ague. It is an ad­mirable Diaphoretick in ma­lign Fevers; it is also a Noble Anodyn, gives ease in the pains of the Teeth, &c.

Salmon.] It is profitable a­gainst all Arthritick pains whatsoever, and a singular thing against the Colick, let the pain be never so extream, giving ease in less than an hours time. Give it in a Glass of Canary; having another Glass ready to drink imme­diately after it; for the pre­sent heat of the Medicine (which yet is without danger) is such, that the Patient will think he has swallowed down so much Fire; nor will in­credulous People be satisfied till the heat is over. This precious Medicine is above an ordinary Commendation.

VII. Spiritus Cardiacus ma­gnus; seu Flos Cordialium, nec-non Cardiacum Mag­num, The Great Cardiack Spirit, or Flower of Cor­dials, &c.

Bate.] ℞ Dried Flowers of Rosemary, Marigolds, Clove­gilliflowers, Carnations, Bor­rage, Bugloss, Red and Damask Roses, Rosa Solis, Violets, El­der, Betony, Oranges, Jesa­mine, A. ℥j. Saffron ℈iv. dry­ed Leaves of Carduus ben. Scor­dium, Angelica, Bawm, Mint, sweet Marjoram, Valerian, A. ʒ vj. Roots of Tormentil, Ze­doary, round Birthwort, Avens, A. ℥ss. Gentian ʒ ij. Seeds of Basil, Citron-peels, yellow San­ders, Juniper-berries, Kermes, Cardamoms, A. ℥ss. Cubebs ℥iij. Sassafras bark, Wood of Aloes, A. ℥j. brusing these things which are to be bruised, add Spirit of Wine tb xxx. and after a convenient digestion, draw off by B. M. tb xx. of Water, which keep for use un­der the Title of Flos Cordiali­um: The remainder strain out by pressing, and by another distillation reduce the Magma at bottom to the consistency of Honey: to every Ounce of which mix perfectly, white Sugar­candy in fine Pouder ℥ij. Juyce of Kermes ℥j. Tincture of Co­ral ʒ vj. Pearls prepared ℥ss. Terra Sigillata ʒ ij. Bezoar A­nimale, Bezoar Oriental, A. ʒ j. Ambergriese ℈ij. Musk ℈ss. Leaves of Gold, N^o xx. mix S. A. and make Cardiacum Magnum, or The Great Cor­dial.

Salmon.] This rightly made, is a great Cordial, both the Spirit and the Extract, and may be given in all mali­gnant Fevers, Plague, Pesti­lence, Small-pox, Measses, Faintings, Swoonings, Palpi­tation of the Heart, Melan­choly, and the like: the Spi­rit being dulcified, may be given in any Cordial Water à ʒij. ad ℥ss. or more: the Extract à ʒss. ad ʒij. or more, drinking a small Cordial Draught after it, and this ei­ther at Night going to Bed, or in the Morning fasting, or when any Paroxysm is feared, or approaches. It is a long tedious Recipe, which requires a great deal of trou­ble in making of it; and will hardly countervail the labour and charge, consider­ing that multitudes of full as good Medicines of less per­plext Preparations, and far less Price, are always to be had, and almost every­where at hand.

VIII. * Spiritus Cerasorum ni­grorum, Spirit of Black Cherries.

Bate.] It is made of Black Cherries with their stones bruised and broken, and fer­mented, then distilled in an A­lembick, and rectified in B.M. It is Cephalick, Diuretick, Hysterick, and Antepileptick; it expels Wind, and is good against Convulsions. Dose ʒij. ad ℥j, &c.

Salmon.] You may ferment them with Leven, or Yest; but Melossos or Sugar is bet­ter, for that they add to, and exalt the Spirit. It may be given to elder Persons ab ℥j. ad ij. either alone, being dul­cified, or compounded thus: ℞ Of this Spirit ℥i. Volatile Spirit of Hungarian Vitriol, gut. 20. Peony Water simple ℥ij. mix for a Dose, against the Falling-sickness, then which there is not many things more powerful in the World.

IX. * Spiritus Cochleariae, Spi­rit of Scurvy-grass.

Bate.] It is made of Gar­den Scurvy-grass in the Flow­er, fermented, or not fermen­ted, then distilling in an A­lembick with its Worm: that which first comes forth save for Spirit, by itself. It is also pre­pared after this manner: ℞ Of the best Spirit of Wine tbxxiv. fresh Garden Scurvy­grass while in flowering, so much as may fill the Spirit: digest twelve hours, and then distil the one half. With this Spirit, and the Resin of Scam­mony, or Jallap (extracting the Tincture, and filtrating) you may prepare Spiritum Cochle­ariae Purgantem, The Purging Spirit of Scurvy-grass. It is Splenetick and Diaphoretick, makes fixt and crude Hu­mours volatile, and resists putrefaction. It is profita­ble in Hypochondriack and Tartarous Diseases, chiefly against the Scurvy. Dose 20, or 30 drops or more, in any proper Liquor.

Salmon.] I have already in a manner shewed you how to make Spirit of Scur­vy-grass, in Chap. I. Sect. 65. aforegoing, which you may compare with the Prescript here laid down, taking which you like best. 2. But some make it thus: ℞ Fresh and large Garden Scurvy-grass when in the Flower, q. v. bruise well in a Mortar, then put it into a wooden Vessel, affuse thereon so much Water as may cover it: add to it two or three handfuls of Salt, and a little Yest, and [Page 44]let it ferment a day or two, then distil in a Copper Alembick tin'd within, saving the first running by itself for the true Spirit, which you may distil again from fresh Scurvy-grass, saving the first running as be­fore: so will you have a very strong, and true essential Spi­rit of Scurvy-grass. 3. But Rolfincius dislikes this way by fermentation, and makes it thus: ℞ Fresh Scurvy-grass, q. v. bruise it in gross, gently and speedily, add to it generous White-wine, (not fermenting of it beforehand, by which means much of the volatile Spi­rit will be lost) and draw off the Spirit in an Alembick, ac­cording to Art; separating the Oyl, if any be found superna­ting. He exhibits the Spirit with any proper Vehicle: the Oyl he mixes with Sugar, and makes thereof an Elaeo­saccharum Cochleariae. But in London several other sorts are made, which are called Plain and Golden, which they make after this man­ner: 4. The Plain Spirit: ℞ Proof Spirit, q. s. put into it as much Scurvy-grass as it can contain, digest two or three hours, then distil in an Alembick with its Worm, sa­ving the first half. This is little differing from the latter Prescript. 5. The Golden or Purging Spirit: ℞ Of the for­mer Spirit tb ij. Pouder of Jal­lap, or Scammony ℥iij. digest in Sand, or a gentle B. M. till you see the Tincture grow very red, which decant and keep for use. Where Note, That we here use the Drugs themselves instead of their Extracts, or Resins, which is much chea­per and full as well, if not better, considering the Spirit is fully strong enough to ex­tract the Tincture. 6. The best way of making this Spirit is thus: ℞ Scurvy-grass in its prime, bruise it, and put it into an earthen Jarr, pressing it in, upon which affuse Wine made of the Juyce of Scurvy­grass, so much as may supernate four or five inches; stop it up close with a Cork and lute it firmly for three or four days: then put all into an Alembick with its Head and Worm, drawing off the Spirit or Wa­ter according to Art; which rectifie in a Glass Cucurbit, so will the pure, subtil, and vola­tile Spirit ascend first, which keep by itself, in a Glass close stopt. The remaining Wa­ter you may draw off to dri­ness to make fresh Spirits with. 7. Dose of any of these, whether Simple or Purging, is from gut. 20. ad 60. or more, in a Glass of Ale or Wine in the Morning [Page 45]fasting. 8. It cures the Scurvy and all Scorbutick Diseases, (as well the Simple as the Purging) destroys Acidities, and prevails against the Gout, Obstructions of Liver and Spleen, Rheumatisms, &c. but ought to be cautiously given to such as are of a hot and dry Constitution, or of a Cholerick Habit. In gross Bodies, and where Humors much abound, you must give the Purging Spirit; in other cases the Plain or Simple Spi­rit. 9. Thus after the same manner, you may make the Spirit of Mustard and Mu­stard-seed, of Charlock, Ra­dishes, Horse-radish, Radish-seed, Rochet, Brook-lime, Wa­ter-cresses, Garden-cresses, Scia­tica-cresses, Bank-cresses, Oni­ons, Scallions, Garlick, Leeks, &c.

X. Spiritus Corallorum, Spirit of Coral.

Bate.] It is made of the best purified Salt of Coral, by di­stilling it in Sand, and recti­fying it. It is an Antiscor­butick, and Lithontriptick. Dose à gut. 5. ad 20.

Salmon.] How this Salt is made, we shall hereafter shew in its place. The di­stillation is best to be done in a close Reverberatory, and the Flegm being come off, to take the Spirits by themselves in a large Receiver, the white Spirits first come over, then the rest, blood-red like Oyl, the which may be sepa­rated by a Retort. 2. This white Spirit, or Menstruum, (which is partly extracted from the Spirit of Vinegar, and partly from the Coral) will extract from fresh Coral put into it, a most red Tin­cture; and if you make it volatile, by freeing it again from this Spirit by distillation, and digesting it with Spirit of Wine, or proper Cordial Spirit, and by cohobating it, you will have an excellent Tincture of Coral, of a sweet taste, and fragrant scent. 3. That this Salt before the distillation of the Spirit, is to be impregnated with Spirit of Vinegar, which is gently to be distilled off, that the insi­pid Flegm may only come forth, and fresh Vinegar to be added, distilling in like manner again; and this course to be followed so long, till the Vinegar comes forth as sharp as it was when it first went in. 4. If you di­stil the simple Salt not impre­gnated with Spirit of Vinegar, as before directed, in a Re­tort in Sand, you will get a Liquor onely Styptick, [Page 46]without any considerable a­cidity, which shews that the Acids are almost wholly de­stroyed, and do not come forth from the Alcali as they went in. You may give it in a fit Vehicle against the Scurvy, Dropsie, Stone and Gout.

XI. * Spiritus Cornu Cervi Suc­cinatus, Spirit of Harts­horn, with Amber

Bate.] It is distilled from Harts-born, with half the weight of Amber. Dose à gut. v. ad xv. &c. It is a good Sudorifick, Diuretick, Hysterick, and Antepileptick, &c.

Salmon.] It is indeed of good use in Fainting and Swooning Fits, Palpitation of the Heart, &c. and much more powerful against Fits of the Mother; than either the Spirit of Harts-horn, or Oyl of Amber alone. It as well recreates the Spirits, as contends with the Disease: you may give it from ten drops to thirty, in any con­venient Vehicle, first, in the Morning fasting, and last at Night going to Bed, as also in the time of the Paroxysm, or before, if it be feared.

XII. * Spiritus Diatrion, vel Mixtura Simplex, The Spi­rit of Three Things, Or, The Simple Mixture.

Bate.] ℞ Spiritus Theria­calis camphorated ℥x. Spiritus Vitrioli ℥ij. Spirit of Tartar rectified ℥vj. digest in a Phial Hermetically sealed for three weeks, that they may be per­fectly united according to Art. It prevents Sweat, resists Pu­trefaction, and is of excellent use in Malign Fevers. Dose ʒj. Plus-minus.

Salmon.] 1. The first Au­thor of this Medicament was Paracelsus, in his Book Of Na­tural Things, lib. 8. where he calls it, Arcanum Caduci, or, The Secret against the Falling-sickness; the foundation of which Cure is taken from Vitriol. 2. The Spirit of Vi­triol here intended, is not the common Oyl or Spirit of Vi­triol, every-where almost sold; but the true Volatile Spirit, which ascends next after the Flegm in the distillation of Vitriol, and before our vul­gar or common Oyl or Spirit: and according to Maets is thus made: ℞ Vitriol calcin'd to whiteness, q. v. put it into an earthen Retort, and distil S. A. First comes the Flegm, then the Volatile Spirit; lastly, [Page 47]the Oyl, or Vulgar Spirit. If you distil altogether, you must separate the Flegm, Spirit and Oyl one from another, by put­ting the whole into a high Glass Cucurbit, and with a very gentle Fire, the volatile sulphu­rous Spirit will ascend and come forth, which you must keep in a Glass very close stopt, for this use: afterwards the Flegm will ascend, leaving the fixt Oyl or Spirit at bot­tom, which also being put into a Glass Retort, may be rectified so as to be clear like Water. 3. But if you would avoid this trouble of Rectifi­cation, in getting this Volatile Spirit of Vitriol, put your Vitriol dryed to whiteness in­to a large earthen Retort, or a Glass one luted, and ac­cording to Art: 1. Draw forth the Flegm which might remain yet in the Vitriol, with a very small fire, till no more will distil: Pour forth this Flegm, and refit the Receiver again to the neck of the Retort, luting the Juncture exactly. 2. Encrease the Fire by de­grees, to raise the Volatile Spirit, which will ascend and come forth into the Receiver in Clouds; continue the distilla­tion, till the Receiver grows cold, then is all the volatile Spirit come over; take off the Receiver, and pour out the Spi­rit, which keep for the use here intended, by Paracelsus. 3. Luting the Receiver to the Retort again, augment the Fire to the highest violence, and in three days draw off the fixed Spirit or Oyl, as is usual in distilling Oyl of Vitriol, &c. 4. This mixture has the pow­er of inciding, and attenua­ting; and by the subtilty of its substance, penetrates through the whole body, without a­ny trouble. It is one of the most powerful things in cu­ring the Falling-sickness, as Paracelsus declares; gives im­mediate help in the Pleurisie, and wonderfully opens all Obstructions of the Viscera. It prevails against Hypochon­driack Distempers, and Me­lancholy; overcomes burn­ing and malignant Fevers, and expels them from the Center per [...], to the superficies of the Body, from whence it is called by its Au­thor, Diaphoreticum in Pera­cutis. 5. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Of Aqua Lactis Alexiteria ℥j. A­quae Cinnamomi ʒ ij. of this Spirit ℈j. ad ʒ j. mix for a Dose. You may also give it in Carduus Water, Bawm Water, or any other fit Vehi­cle in like manner.

XIII. Spiritus Dracunculi, Spi­rit of Herb-Dragon.

Bate.] ℞ Spirit of Wine Gal. j. Leaves of Herb-Dra­gon new gathered, as much as the Spirit will hold; bruise and digest for three days, and distil S. A. To the distilled Water add a sufficient quantity of the best Sugar, to dulcifie it. Dose ℥iv. at a time. It provokes Sweat, and wonderfully pre­vails against even unknown Diseases.

Salmon.] It is good against the Scurvy, Dropsie, and Gout, prevails against Rheu­matisms, and a Scorbutick Habit of Body, by sweetning the Blood; strengthens and comforts a cold Stomach, and resists malign and infectious Diseases. If you distil it by the Prescript, you must do it in a Glass Body in B. M. and then draw off to driness, o­therwise ℥iv. will be too large a Dose to be given at a time. But in my opinion it will be better to distil it, as we have before taught you to distil Spirit of Scurvy-grass; by that means you will have a very strong and virtuous Spi­rit, of which ℥j. will be e­nough to be given at a time in a fit or proper Vehicle.

XIV. * Spiritus Embryonum, A Spirit to preserve a Child in the Womb.

Bate.] ℞ Capons N^o iij. freed from their fat, beat and cut them: Dates lb j. Raisons lb iss. Bawm, M. iv. Angelica, sweet Marjoram, Chervil, A. Miij. Seeds of Bazil ℥ss. of Fennel, of Angelica, Lemon-peels, A. ℥iij. Citron-peels, Roots of Peony, Borrage, A. ℥iv. of Angelica ℥iss. Saffron ʒ v. Conserve of the Flowers of Bor­rage, Clove-gilliflowers, Mar­joram, A. ℥iv. Spanish Wine, (I suppose Sherry ought to be un­derstood) lb xxxij. mix and distil to driness. With this Water and Spirit of Clary lb j. Waters of Black Cherries, and Bawm, A. lb iij. Borrage-water lb iv. and blanched Almonds lb iss. make an Emulsion, to which add Conserve of Peony Flowers, ℥vj. of Borrage and Clove-gilliflowers, A. ℥iv. of the Flowers of Violets, of Cow­slips, Carnations, Red Roses, of Rosemary, and Marigolds, A. M. iv. Wood of Aloes ʒ iij. yel­low Sanders ʒ iiss. Cinnamon ℥viij. Aromaticum Rosatum ℥j. mix and distil again, S. A. It is happily given to Women, who are apt to suffer Aborti­on; also to Women with Child, when they have been [Page 49]frighted, or put under any sudden terrour, or languish from any external cause: It cures Faintings and Swoon­ing Fits, and Inflamations in the Bowels. It comforts the feeble Foetus in the Womb, strengthens the Uterine Liga­ments; cures the Epilepsy, and contributes to the making of Blood, &c. Dose two or three spoonfuls, or more, pro re nata.

Salmon.] It is a long, tedi­dious, and troublesome thing to make, and something chargable, performed by a double distillation, which (a previous fermentation being supposed) might have been better done by a single, in a moderate Balneo. The Ti­tle shews the intention, be­sides which it is a good Cor­dial, and restorative for such as are in Consumptions, being assiduously taken for some time.

XV. Spiritus Hormini Com­positus, Spirit of Clary Com­pound.

Bate.] It is made as the Aqua Hormini Composita, in Chap. 1. Sect. 31. afore­going.

Salmon.] If you design it only as a Water, you are to distil to driness; but if you design a subtil and volatile Spirit, you must rectifie it by another distillation, drawing off only about two thirds of the Water or Spirit: what remains, will serve to make fresh Water, or Spirit withal: you may give it for the same intentions you use the Water for, to one spoonful, in any proper Vehicle.

XVI. * Spiritus Hyssopi Ve­rus, The true Spirit of Hys­sop.

Bate.] ℞ Fresh Hyssop when in Flower, q. v. bruise it well, and put it into an Oa­ken Vessel, adding Fountain-water warm, q. s. and a little Ale-yeast; let it alone for a while to ferment, viz. for ten or twelve days: then add more Water, and distil by an Alem­bick; afterwards rectifie it often in B. M. according to Art. After the same man­ner you may prepare the Spi­rits of other Herbs and Plants. It is an admirable Pecto­ral.

Salmon.] You must not distil to driness in a Copper Vesica, for then the Matter distilled will certainly taste of burning; but only draw off about two thirds of the humidity, which afterwards you may rectifie in Balneo [Page 50]Mariae, as is directed. It is designed against Coughs, Colds, Obstructions of the Breast and Lungs, Wheesings, Hoarsness Shortness of Breath, and Difficulty of Breathing; you may prescribe it thus: ℞ Of this Spirit ℥j. Aquae Lactis Pectoralis ℥ij. Liquid Laudanum gut. 20. ad 30. mix for a Dose, to be given at Night going to Bed: or half of it in a Fit of Coughing in the day time, and to be repeated. Or thus: ℞ Of this Spirit ℥j. Aq. Lactis Pe­ctoralis ℥ij. Spir. Salis Armo­niaci gut. 20. Syrup of Red Poppies enough to sweeten it, mix for a Dose.

XVII. * Spiritus Juniperi ve­rus, The true Spirit of Ju­niper.

Bate.] It is distilled from the Berries, fermented as be­fore. It is a singular Carmi­native, Diuretick, and Sto­matick; expels Wind, as al­so Sand and Gravel in the Reins, provokes the Terms, and is egregiously powerful in curing or removing Bar­renness.

Salmon.] 1. Juniper-Berries, as they are produced from a Plant able to endure the greatest injuries of the hard­est Winter, and which takes a longer space of time than ordinary, in bringing its Ber­ries to maturation, viz. about two years, before they are fit to be gathered, or can be ta­ken in the height of their ma­turity and perfection; so it seems, that in this elaborated Fruit there is perfected a most admirable and salutife­rous Balsam and Spirit: The longer Nature is in perfecting or compleating any thing, the more elaborate and excellent will its Productions be at last. § 2. Let therefore the Berries used in the Preparati­on, be such as have attained a perfect ripeness, gathered in the second year of their Pro­duction, in the Month of Se­ptember, at what time they have a certain kind of plea­santness, and balsamick Ho­ney, which contains its vola­tile Salt, subtil and penetra­ting Oyl, and thin Aetherial Spirit, the Berries being black, plump, and smooth. § 3. ℞ Full ripe Juniper-Berries lb vj. bruise them well, Seeds and all, add to them warm Water lb xviij. Sugar lb iiss. mix, dis­solve, and let it ferment eight or ten days, till it has got a Vinous scent; then distil in an Alembick with its Worm, draw­ing off lb xiv. the Water re­ctifie, separating the Spirit in in B. M. by drawing off lb vij. [Page 51]which keep by itself for Spirit: then distil to dryness, keep­ing this that comes last for Juniper-Water: with which by addition of fresh Berries you may make more Spirit. § 4. Or thus, according to Le Febure: ℞ Juniper-Berries lb vj. beat them in a wooden Mortar, put them into a Vesi­catory; affuse thereon Rain or River Water, so much, till it comes within six inches of the brim; cover, and lute it, and distil S. A. so will you have a spirituous Water with a subtil Oyl swimming a top, which you must separate; rectifying the Water to the subtilty of a Spirit: But this is not the best. § 5. Now if you have a design to raise an ardent or burning Spirit from the Ber­ries, and not an Oyl, you must cause them to undergo a fermentation as aforesaid, adding Leaven, Yeast, Ho­ney, Sugar, or Manna, to excite it, to make a separa­tion of the subtil and volatile from the grosser parts, by which the greatest part of the Oyl will be dissolved in the said Spirit; this is an excel­lent way, and the Spirit thus made, good. § 6. But that is esteemed yet more excellent, which is distilled with Spirit of Wine, instead of Water, as being extracted with more ease, and rather of greater virtues and subtilty, after this-manner: ℞ Full ripe Juniper-Berries, well bruised lb vj. put them into a Glass Cucurbit, filling it about half full: affuse thereon Spirit of Wine well rectified, till but one third of the Cucurbit re­mains empty; cover it with its blind head, perfectly luting the Junctures: digest in a little Sand heat for three days, (which will be enough for penetration of the Berries, and dissolution of their volatile parts): this done, take off the blind Head, and put thereon an Alembick fitted, with its Receiver, and distil in B. M. or in a Sand heat with a gentle Fire, so will you have a subtil, volatile, and inflamable Spi­rit, repleat with the best and most volatile parts of the Ju­niper-Berries. § 7. You may also obtain this Spirit in its perfection, by bruising a good quantity of those Berries, and then to fill about two thirds of one, or more Earthen Jarrs well leaded within, af­fusing warm Water upon them, and then (without the addition of any ferment) stop­ping them close up, and so let them stand about eight or ten days, in a gentle Sand heat, to distil in a Copper Vesica tinn'd within, and co­vered, [Page 52]over with its Alem­bick and Serpentine, or Worm, and Receiver well luted, continuing the distilla­tion, till what distils is al­most insipid. So have you a Juniper-Water repleat, with the volatile Salt, subtil Oyl, and aetherial Spirit of the Berries: what Oyl swims a top, separate according to Art. The Water rectifie in a Glass Vesica in B.M. draw­ing off one half for Spirit; and the other half for Juni­per-Water, which may be kept to make new Spirit of as before, from fresh Berries. § 8. The Feces at the bottom of the Copper Vesica, strain out hard by pressing, put it into a glazed earthen Vessel, and evaporate to the Consi­stence, of Honey, (this is cal­led, Honey of Juniper) or of an Extract, which will be something Aromatical, to which if you add the fixt Salt of the Feces, made by Cal­cination, and Elixiviation, you will have an excellent Confection, and obtain all that is excellent in the Sub­ject you wrought upon. § 9. All these several Medi­cines produced from this mixt, have for the most part one and the same Virtues, save that one is more power­ful than another: The Wa­ter is weaker than the Spirit, and the Spirit weaker than the Oyl: the Extract, thô it has some of the same Vertues, yet it has another intention in its operation, which is a little purging. § 10. The Vir­tues therefore of these things are to provoke Urine and Sweat, to open Obstructions of the Liver, Spleen, Reins, Bladder, and Womb, and to comfort and fortifie the Brain and Nerves. The Extract is excellent against Coughs, Colds, Asthma's, Wheesings, Shortness of Breath, Ulcers in the Lungs or Bowels, and Weakness of the Stomach, it evacuates cold, windy, slimy, and griping Matter or Hu­mours out of the Bowels. Dose à ʒij. ad ℥ss. It is good against Plague and Poyson, and is used in all cases where Treacle or Mithridate are used. The Water may be given ab ℥j. ad ℥ij. or more, as need requires. § 11. The Aetherial Oyl, is a most ad­mirable thing to provoke U­rine, to open Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, and to cure a Scirrhus of those parts, being assiduously used for some time; and it is an ex­cellent Topical Remedy in all Palsies, Cramps, Convul­sions, and all cold affections of the Nerves. Dose from [Page 53]gut. iij. ad xij. xv. or xx. dropt upon white Sugar, and so given in White-wine, or Aqua Alexiteria. §12. But the Powers are an Agent far sur­passing all what we have said, for they penetrate in a moment the whole Body, and inti­mately mix with the Blood, which is evident, for that the sick taking never so little shall have the next Urine which comes from him smell purely sweet, and like a Vio­let: §13. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒij. in Wine, or Aqua Lactis Nephri­tica. ℞ Aquae Lactis Ne­phriticae ℥iij. Spirit of Juniper ʒ iss. Salt of Hog-lice, gr. iij. mix for a Dose in Nephritick Diseases.

XVIII. Spiritus Mannae, Spi­rit of Manna.

Bate.] If you distil Manna by a Cucurbit, with a gentle or slow Fire, you will have an in­sipid Sudorifick Spirit. It is an admirable Sudorifick in Fevers, whether pestilential or common; producing e­ven a sticking kind of Sweat. Dose to one spoonful.

Salmon.] § 1. That what comes off, will be insipid like Flegm is certain; but as to its Medicinal Virtues, I can say nothing by Experience; you are obliged to take them upon the Credit of our Learn­ed Author. § 2. It is said to expel the Excrements of the last digestion; and that it has a peculiar Virtue to dis­solve Sulphur, and to extract its yellow Tincture, which is not one of the least Reme­dies for easing the Breast, and the Praecordia, when oppres­sed; this Tincture being as a restoring Balsam, to reme­dy the Distempers and Af­fects of the Lungs, and to strengthen and preserve their Action, and may be given from gut. iij. ad xij. in prepa­red or depurated Juyce of Ele­campane, or Hyssop. §3. There is another insipid Spirit of Manna, thus prepared: ℞ Choice Manna lb ij. pure Nitre lb j. put them both into a Hog's Bladder, tye it exactly up: hang the same by a string, in boiling Water, till the two Substances be well dissolved: this Liquor or Dissolution di­stil in a Glass Cucurbit covered with its Head, and fitted with a Receiver: so will you have an insipid laxative Water, provoking Sweat copiously; Dose à ʒij. ad ʒvj. or ℥j. in Aqua Lactis Pectoralis, or Cardiaca, or other proper Ve­hicle: it is good to bring forth those superfluous Sero­sities, which many times breed Rh [...]umatisms, and Defluxi­ons. [Page 54]§ 4. Spiritus Mannae A­cidus. ℞ Manna q. v. put it into a Cornute or Retort in a Sand heat, and with a soft Fire at the beginning, draw forth the insipid Water afore­mentioned: then change the Receiver, and augment the Fire by degrees, distilling to dryness, (which if you please you may cohobate several times) so have you the Acid Spirit, which rectifie to take away the Empyreuma. This is a Spi­rituous Water, containing all the best of the Manna, and is more effectual than the first insipid Water, to provoke Sweat, and also makes a bet­ter Tincture of Sulphur. This Acid Spirit is said to be a wonderful Specifick against all sorts of intermitting Fevers or Agues, giving it at the be­ginning of the Fit from ʒj. ad iv. § 5. But here is to be noted, that whether you di­stil in a Cucurbit or Retort, you ought not to fill them with the Matter above a quarter, or one third part full; because the Manna is apt to swell in Distillation. § 6. Spiritus Mannae Compo­situs. ℞ Pure Manna ℥viij. pure Sal Armoniack ℥iv. mix and put it into a Glass or Ear­then Body, so as it may fill on­ly a third or fourth part, place it in a Sand Furnace, and fit to it a Head and Receiver, lu­ting the Junctures with a wet Bladder: make a small Fire for an hour only to heat the Vessel; then encrease it to the second degree, so will the Li­quor distil drop by drop, and towards the end there will arise white Vapours into the Head: increase the Fire still more, till all is come forth that will: Let the Vessels cool, and you will find in the Receiver ℥viij. of an ill scented Spirit, and a little Oyl; decant all into a­nother Glass Body, with its Head and Receiver well luted, and distil again in a Sand heat, till you have about ℥vj. which will be a very pure clear, acid Spirit, without any Em­pyreuma, and agreeable to the Tast. § 7. This Spirit is stron­ger than the former, and is a good Operative against the Gravel and Dropsie; it is good to stop Diarrhaea's and Dysenteries, and may be dropt into Tincture of Roses instead of other acid Spirits. Dose gut. 8. or 10. or to an agreeable acidity in any pro­per Vehicle. The faetid Oyl remaining may be of use to cleanse old, running Sores. § 8. Spiritus Mannae ardens. ℞ Choice Manna lb j. warm Water a Gallon: add Ale or Beer-yeast ℥ j. or ij. and mix them well together; stop the [Page 55] Vessel carelesly, and leave it for twenty four hours, so will it ferment very strongly: then decant the Liquor into a Glass Cucurbit, with its Head and Recipient well luted in the Joynts, and distil in B. M. with a gentle heat; so will you have an inflamable Spirit fol­lowed by the Flegm, or watery parts, which separate by recti­fication: the Spirit keep by it self: the Flegm affuse upon the Feces, cover and stop it slightly up, set it in a Cellar for two Months, and make a new di­stillation in the first Cucurbit, with its Head and Recipient, so will you have more inflama­ble Spirit, or a Water, from which by distillation it must be separated. This Spirit added to the former reserved Spirit, will make the just weight of the whole Manna, by which it appears, that its whole Substance is a Spirit, and is here converted into a pure, aetherial, volatile, and infla­mable Sulphur. § 9. The Vir­tues are the same with those of Spirit of Wine; but as it is produced from an aetherial, airy, or heavenly Substance, so it is a more admirable and noble production than Spirit of Wine, they differing one from another, as much as their Principles differ; the one being the product of the Earth, the other of the Hea­ven or Air, &c. Hence it appears also, it is a much better Menstruum to extract Tinctures with, and the Vir­tues of Things, especially if impregnated with the Acid of the Air also, which is a pure Nitrious Spirit. A Word is enough to the Wise.

XIX. Spiritus Millepedum, Spirit of Sows, or Hog­lice.

Bate.] It is distilled in all respects as Spirit of Harts-horn, saving the Salt. It provokes Urine powerfully, opens all Obstructions, is profitable a­gainst Diseases of the Eyes, and the Rickets: and is a Specifick in Deafness, and difficulty of hearing, being dropt into the Ears.

Salmon.] § 1. Take an Ear­then Retort, or a Glass one lu­ted, fill it almost full of Mille­pedes, lute to it a Receiver, and distil in Sand, or rather in an open Fire, observing the degree of heat: with the first degree of heat will come the Flegm; with the second, the Oyl; and with the third, the volatile Salt; continue the di­stillation till no more will come forth: the Oyl, volatile Salt, and Spirit mix together, by shaking well the Recipient; put [Page 56]all into a Glass Cucurbit, and with a very gentle heat, sub­lime the volatile Salt, then aug­ment the Fire, and the Spirit and Oyl will ascend, take each by themselves. § 2. The Spi­rit is volatile and subtil, like that of Sal Armoniack, but the volatile Salt is the most penetrative and powerful, and the highest Diaphoretick and Sudorifick, and may be given à gr. iij. ad xij. or xvj. in any proper Vehicle, against the Stone, Gravel, all man­ner of Stoppages of Urine, the Yellow Jaundice, Apo­plexy, Palsie, Pleurisie, Run­ning Gout, Small-pox, Mea­sles, Plague, and all sorts of Pestilential Fevers: the Spi­rit may be given to ʒj. § 3. But because the Salt is so Volatile, that it is difficult to be kept, it is best to be con­served in the Spirit thus: ℞ Of the Spirit ℥j. of the volatile Salt ℥ss. mix and di­gest; and in length of time, part of the Salt will crystal­lize. This Spirit has all the former Virtues, and may be given à gut. x. ad ʒss. or ʒj. in any proper Vehicle. & 4. The Oyl is of an ingrateful Odour, and scarcely (for that reason) fit to be given in­wardly, unless in the case of Hysterick Fits: you may make the Potestates thereof thus: ℞ Of this Oyl ʒ j. of the volatile Salt ℈j. Spirit of Wine highly rectified ℥iv. mix, digest a Month, shaking it once a day, then draw them off to­gether in a Glass Body. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒij. in any fit Vehi­cle, in the cases aforemention­ed. § 5. The Potestates may also be made thus: ℞ Sows, or Hog-lice, q. v. pure Spirit of Nitre, enough to dissolve them; being dissolved, add thereto the equal quantity of the Alcohol of Spirit of Wine; which digest for a Month, and keep for use. § 6. These are the Potestates Millepedum Ni­tratae, powerful against the Scurvy, Dropsie, Gout, Stone, Plague, and all sorts of Ma­lign Diseases, and may be given in any fit Vehiculum à gut. xij, ad xx. or more, as the Physician shall see occasi­on.

XX. * Spiritus Nitri, Spirit of Nitre.

Bate.] ℞ Sand p. ij. Nitre, p. j. mix and distil by a Retort, till the Fumes cease to appear. You can scarcely find a more admirable Diuretick; it pow­erfully provokes Sweat, from whence it is of signal use in the Colick, Pleurisie, and all Fevers, chiefly such as are Malign. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈ij.

Salmon.] § 1. Here is but p. ij. of Sand to p. j. of Ni­tre, which I judge too little, the Colledge in their Dispen­satory allows 5. to 1. as you may see in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 10. Sect. 47. But three to one is by experience found to be the best proportion. § 2. ℞ Pure Nitre tb ij. common Bole, or Potters Earth tb vj. mix and put them into a large Earthen, or Glass Retort luted, set it in a close Reverberatory Furnace, fitting to it a large Receiver: give a gentle Fire for four or five hours, till all the Flegm is come forth, which will be drop by drop; when it will drop no more, cast away the Flegm in the Receiver, and refit it, luting the Juncture, increase the Fire gradatim to the second degree, so will the Spirit come forth, filling the Receiver with white Clouds, continue the Fire in that equa­lity for two hours, and then in­crease it to the greatest Vio­lence, and the Vapours will be red, which continue till all is come over, which will be in a­bout fourteen or fifteen hours. The Vessels being cold, take the Spirit and put it in a strong Glass Bottle, with a Glass Stopple, or else stop it with Wax. § 3. This Spirit is the best Aqua Fortis that can be made; and therefore besides the Vertues ascribed to it by our Author, it has the power of dissolving of Metals. § 4. The Earth or Sand here put in, is of use on­ly to separate the parts of the Salt, to the end that the Fire may the more easily operate upon the Body thereof: and we cast away the Flegm, be­cause if it was retained, it could be of no use, but only to weaken the Spirit, § 5. The white Vapours are the first and weakest Spirit: the red ones are the latter, and strongest, coming forth from the most fixt part of the Salt; where Note, That no kind of Salt yields red Va­pours but Nitre only. § 6. The greatest part of the Ni­tre comes over in Flegm and Spirit; for out of 32 Ounces of Nitre, 30 Ounces of Flegm and Spirit is commonly drawn. § 7. You must not fill the Retort above two thirds full, and the Recipient must be very large, for that the Spirits being strong, and the Vapours plentiful, and withal coming hastily forth, they would break all to pie­ces, if they had not room e­nough to expatiate in. §8. This Spirit, from its coming forth in red Vapours, is by some Authors called, The Salaman­ders Blood; and being thus at [Page 58]first freed from its Flegm, will act with so much the more force. § 9. This Spi­rit will dissolve, or rather corrode all Metals, except Gold, into which it cannot enter alone, by reason of the smallness of the Pores of that Metal; but if you add to it a fourth part of its weight of Sal Armoniack, or of Sea Salt, or of Sal Gem, it will give a new form to its parti­cles, shaping them into more subtil points, capable of en­tering into the pores of the Gold, and to penetrate and disslve its substance. § 10. It is highly good against Ma­lign Feavers of all sorts, and to suppress Vapours that a­rise from crude and tartarous humours, ceases the ebiliti­on of the humours, by reason of its volatile and sulphurous Salt joyned with its acid; and is an excellent Remedy against the Colick. It opens Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen, and of all the Bow­els, dissolves coagulated Blood, and therefore is singularly profitable against the Pleuri­sie, whether true or bastard, expelling the Disease either by sweat, or insensible tran­spiration. It cures Rheuma­tisms, and all sorts of wande­ring pains, and the Dropsie Tympanites. Besides all which it changes the Emetick and Cathartick Virtues of several things into Diaphoretick, par­ticularly Antimony.

XXI. Spiritus Nitri Bezoar­ticus, Bezoartick Spirit of Nitre.

Bate.] ℞ It is distilled from Spirit of Nitre rectified, and Butter of Antimony, ana; by a Retort, S. A. The Caput Mortuum serves to make Bezoar Mineral of.

Salmon.] It ought to be di­stilled in a Retort in Sand; whereof, if the Fire be spee­dily urged, the Spirit will be red, and as Authors affirm, be able not only to dissolve Gold, but also to volatilize it. § 2. It ought to be made of rectified Spirit of Nitre; which is thus done: ℞ Of the former Spirit of Nitre, at Sect. 20. q. v. put it into a Glass Body, and in an open Fire make it to evaporate, till the Vapours or Fumes begin to ascend yellow; then re­move it from the Fire, and keep it for use; this is recti­fied Spirit of Nitre. § 3. This Spirit of Nitre thus rectified, ought to be put upon the Butter of Antimony, so long till the Effervescence ceases: then the mixture to be distil­led to dryness; this Liquor thus distilled is the Bezoar­tick [Page 59]Spirit, which indeed is nothing else but Aqua Regia, made by a conjunction of the Spirit of common Salt, which Spirit of Nitre, for which reason it dissolves Gold, and does other things which the vulgar A. R. does.

XXII. * Spiritus Nitri dulcis, Dulcified Spirit of Nitre.

Bate.] ℞ Spirit of Nitre, p. j. Alcohole of Spirit of Wine, p. ij. Digest till they are joyn­ed, and distil in Sand, coho­bating twice, S. A. Dose ad ʒj. in any convenient Liquor; it moves sweat, takes away Obstructions of the Colick, Reins, Breast, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. This propor­tion of 1 to 2. is that which is observed by Le Mort, Maets and Marg-grave; but Rolfin­cius, Charras, and Lemery, make the mixture in equal parts of each. § 2. In the mixing them you must be very cautious, and do it leisure­ly and by degrees: you must not put the Spirit of Wine to the Spirit of Nitre, for then you will set it all in a flame; but you must put in the Spirit of Nitre Gradatim into the Spirit of Wine, so will you prevent the flaming, but the mixture will grow so hot, that you will scarcely be able to hold your hand on the outside the Vessel. § 3. Being mixed together, digest for seven days, then put the mixture into a Glass Retort, and di­stil in Sand, first with a gen­tle heat, and afterwards with a stronger, to driness: the Receiver let be very large, and the neck of the Retort fit for it, and so enter a good way in, and the Juncture to be well luted, for otherwise you will lose much of your Spirit. § 4. It is necessary that the Spirit should be coho­bated twice at least, some Authors advise thrice; for the oftner it is cohobated, the sweeter it is. Le Mort also says, that the distillation may be performed upon the spot of the commixtion; and that if the digestion exceeds se­ven days before the distilla­tion, the Union will be so firm that there will be no need of a distillation. § 5. The two Spirits mix and u­nite with an inseparable U­nion, sweet, or at least not of so great an acritude as be­fore, and of a very grateful odour. § 6. It ought to be an open Vessel that the mix­ture is made in, for should it be in a Glass Bottle, and stopt before the ebulition be over, it would hazard the breaking of the same. § 7. Lemery [Page 60]advises to make the mixture in a Bolt-head set in straw in the Chimny, without heat, letting it be open till the Ebu­lition is over, taking heed al­so to avoid the fumes, and then to put it into a Glass, and keep it without distilla­tion for use. § 8. This O­peration differs not much from that of mixing Oyl of Turpentine, and Oyl of Vi­triol together: for these Li­quors also heat and boyl to­gether much alike. § 9. In this mixture the Spirit of Ni­tre joyns itself to the Sulphur of the Wine, and both being admirably volatile, they strive to mount upwards, whereby the mixture is put into that mighty motion and efferve­scency; and from whence re­sults a complicate Spirit, be­ing most fragrant, and ha­ving the greatest volatility. § 10. Charras advises it to be distilled in a Sand heat in a Glass Cucurbit, covered with its head carefully luted, and to be repeated three times; from whence, says he, arises a composed Spirit, more a­greeable in smell, more grate­ful to the taste, more gentle in all in operations, more fit for our bodies, and more ad­mirably diaphoretick than the simple Spirit of Nitre can possibly be. § 11. Rolfincius in Chimia, Lib. 3. Sect. 1. Art. 4. Cap. 11. advises after four days digestion to distil it in an Alembick; so, says he, will the Spirits in this Ope­ration be united, and con­tract a Violet kind of odour, or smell, and a subdulce and grateful taste. § 12. It is a most admirable Diuretick and Diaphoretick, quenches thirsts, resists putrefaction of the blood and humours, and and powerfully attenuates and incides: It is a singular Febrifuge, cures all malign Feavers, even the Small-pox, and Plague itself. It abates Inflamations, even of the Lungs, and penetrates the whole Body, for it is indeed the highest volatile acid that is yet known in Rerum Natu­ra. It is a most signal Anti­colick, curing the Disease a­bove all other Medicines, and many times when all other Remedies fail. It is a Speci­fick against the Pleurisie, in which Disease Rolfincius gives it with Syrup of Corn Pop­pies in a proper Volatile. It takes away all preternatural heat in any part of the Body to a Miracle: It is good a­gainst the Stone, Gravel, and all Obstructions of Urine whatsoever, and indeed has not only all the Virtues of simple Spirit of Nitre, at Sect. [Page 61]20. § 10. aforegoing, but al­so much exceeds that in eve­ry respect. § 13. It is a cir­culated Menstruum, and by some is taken for the Circula­tum majus Paracelsi; by it the Vertues of many things are momentarily to be ex­tracted, much better than by several others, and some Chy­mists use it in the preparati­on of Tincture of Coral. Dose is from gut. 10. ad 40. plus­minus, in any proper Vehi­cle. Infinite Diseases almost, saith Marggrave, are cured by this Medicine.

XXIII. * Spiritus Rhoeados cra­pularius, the Surfeit Spi­rit of the Red, Wild, or Corn Poppy.

Bate.] ℞ Corn Poppy Flow­ers new gathered lb j. Caraway­seeds ℥ij. Nutmegs ℥j. Amber­grise gr. iv. Spirit of Wine lb iv. digest S. A. strain out, and keep it for use. Dose ℥iv. at the hours of sleep, or in the Morning after a Surfeit­ing. It is a Specifick also in the Pleurisie.

Salmon.] 1. § 1. The bo­dy of the Ambergrise ought to be opened as we have for­merly directed at Sect. 4. a­foregoing, whereby it will perform four times as much as it would otherwise. § 2. That the Spirit of Wine here intended, is only common Spirit of Wine or Brandy for otherwise it could not be, given in so large a Dose as our Author here prescribes it in. § 3. That it is not only an excellent thing against Sur­feiting and Drunkenness, as also the Pleurisie, but also against all manner of Pains, and Stitches in the Sides, Breast, and Stomach, the Co­lick, and Griping of the Guts, Pains in the Back, Reins, and Bladder, but indeed a­gainst all manner of Pains in any part of the Body: it gently provokes Sweat, dis­solves coagulated Blood, and gives relief against the stron­gest Agonies. § 4. The Dose is from ℥j. to iv. according to the Age, and Condition of the Sick; it may be given either alone, sweetned with white Sugar; or in Ale, Wine, or Aqua Lactis Alexiteria, &c. chiefly at Night going to Bed.

XXIV. Spiritus Salis Armo­niaci, Spirit of Sal Armo­niack.

Bate.] ℞ Sal Armoniack p. j. Calx Vive, p. ij. Water p. iij. mix and distil in Sand, S. A. It is Diuretick, Dia­phoretick, and Inciding; it [Page 62]resists putrefaction, and is most powerful against Fea­vers; Dose à gut. vj. ad xij. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Various are the Ways and Proportions which Authors have prescri­bed in the making of this Spirit, which because we would not leave the Artist in the dark, and are willing to ease him of the labour of searching of many Books, we shall here take the pains to deliver the Summary of all together. § 2. Le Mort makes it thus: ℞ Sal Ammoniacum lb j. Salt of Tartar lb j. ss. (or in place thereof Pot-ashes) common Water lb j. mix them. Or thus, from the same Author: ℞ Sal Ammon lb j, Oyl of Tartar, per deli­quium lb ij. mix and distil in a Glass, or glazed Retort in Sand, with a very gentle Fire, till the volatile Salt be­gins to swell, so will the vo­latile Salt ascend, which in the following Flegm will be dissolved. Or thus: ℞ Sal Am. lb j, in fine Pouder: Sal Tartari, or other Alcalious Salt lb ij. Water lb iij. mix and distil with a gentle Fire by a glased Retort, till about ℥xij. is come forth, then cease. § 3. Where Note, That if Calx Vice be used instead of the Salt of Tartar, the Spirit will come forth much more volatile and fu­gitive: also if it be distilled from Minerals, as Iron, La­pis Hematitis, Calaminaris, &c. it comes forth most pe­netrative. § 4. This is also to be noted, That if the Sal Amm. be mixed with Calx Vive, the Spirit goes forth in a most volatile Liquor, but never in a volatile Salt, whereas if it be mixt with other Calxes or Salts, the volatile Salt come first in a dry form, then the liquid Spirit together with the Flegm, in which the volatile Salt is dissolved. § 5. Sal Ammon. does seem to be nothing else, but a mixture of Sea Salt, and the volatile Salt of Urine, which here is reduced into a saline volatile Spirit, by the help of a fixt Salt, or other earthy Bodies being mixt. § 6. Rolfincius advises to take Sal Am. lb j. Ashes lb iv. so to mix and to distill by an Alembick in Sand, and then to rectifie the Spi­rit. § 7. The Rectification of the Spirit is thus done: ℞ Of the said Spirit lb ss. Salt of Tartar, or of Pot-ashes ℥ij. mix them in a glass Retort, and distil again. § 8. Marg­grave makes it thus: ℞ Sal Am. Salt of Tartar, or a [...]y other Alcalious Salt, ana: [Page 63]each being in Pouder mix them, and put them into a glased Retort, with Water q. s. and a very large Re­ceiver well luted, and distil in Sand; and in three or four hours with a Fire of the third degree, you will have first, the coagulated Spirit, or volatile Salt in a dry form, sticking to the sides of the Receiver like Snow: con­tinue the distillation, that the Spirit may come over, till the said dry volatile Salt is brought or dissolved into the said Spirit. Then immedi­ately take the Recipient a­way, keeping the said Spirit in a Glass close stopt for use; what comes after over is only pure Flegm, of little or no use. § 9. From this Caput Mort. with Water you may extract a pure white Salt, which Sylvius calls, Sal Fe­brifugum: which being right­ly prepared and sublimed from an earthen Retort, in an open Fire, will go forth for the most part, in most white Flowers, very penetra­ting, but not urinous, and of a pleasant refrigerating taste; which some will have to be a volatile Salt of Tartar. § 10. Maets makes it thus: ℞ Sal Am. Salt of Tartar, Pot-ashes, ana; mix, (being in Pouder) put them into a Glass Cucur­bit, affuse thereon Water, q. s. and distil with a gentle Fire: so will you have a potent Spi­rit of Sal Am. together with its volatile Salt in a dry form, sticking to the sides of the Vessel. § 11. Le Febure makes it thus: ℞ Sal Am. in Pou­der, Salt of Tartar, ana, mix, put them into a glass Retort with a wide neck, fitting to it a large Receiver; give a gradual Fire, and in short time you will have a volatile Spirit coming over the helm in Liquor, the Salt subliming into a clear substance as white as Camphir; which operati­on will be done in about four or five hours. The volatile Salt you may dissolve in its own Spirit, and so keep both together as Spirit of Sal Am. § 12. Now Sal Am. consists of a double Nature, as we have above observed, viz. of a kind of common Salt as it were fixt; and of a volatile Salt of Urine; the mixture and union of which Salts is so strict, that it is very diffi­cult, almost impossible, to bring them over the helm into Liquor, [...]he one without the other, the urinous and vo­latile carrying along with it the common and fixt Salt; without the addition of some other Body as Salt of Tartar, Pot-ashes, Calx Vive, &c. [Page 64]which have the faculty to keep back the acid Salt, to let the urinous and volatile ascend. § 13. But if you would extract the acid Spi­rit of the Sal Am. as well as its volatile; the said Le Fe­bure does it thus: ℞ Sal Am. Quick-lime A. mix and make them into a pap with Ʋrine: then distil in a glowing red hot Iron Retort, having a Tube with a wide Mouth, and an Iron stopple; put in the matter Cochleatim at the Tube, and immediately stop it, so will the Vapours pre­sently go into the Receiver luted to the same, which Me­thod continue till all the In­gredients are done: now take all this Liquor in the Recipient, put it into a glass Cucurbit a Cubit high, and narrow in the neck, cover it with an Alembick-head, and its Recipient, both well lu­ted, and in B. M. give a gradual Fire, that all the vo­latile Spirit, and urinous Salt may ascend; when no more will arise, put the remaining Liquor into a Retort, and rectifie it in Sand, so will you have an acid Spirit, much pleasanter than the Spirit of common Salt, and of the same Virtues; save, that being compared therewith, it as much exceeds that of common Salt, as a full-grown and perfect Man exceeds a Youth or Child. § 14. Le­mery makes the urinous Spi­rit thus: ℞ Sal Am. lb j. Calx Vive lb ij. Pouder them apart, and when you have mixed them in a Mortar, put upon them ℥iv. of Water, which put presently into a Retort, whose half must remain em­pty: fit to it a large Recei­ver, lute the Junctures, and distil in Sand, beginning the distillation without Fire, for about a quarter of an hour, then make a gentle Fire, and increase it gradatim to the second degree, and continue it till nothing more comes forth; take off your Recipi­ent, pour out the Spirit im­mediately into a Vial, turn­ing away your Head as much as may be, to avoid the sub­til Vapours that continually rise: stop the Glass with a Glass stopple well ground, or with Wax. § 15. In this last Prescript here is to be ob­served, That before distilla­tion the Alcali of the Sea Salt had in a manner bound up the volatile Salt in the Sal Am. to loosen which, the un­slakt Lime is added whose Alcali destroys the Acid of the Sea Salt; whence it is, that as soon as they are mix­ed together, the volatile uri­rinous [Page 65]Spirit begins to arise and distil; which Vapours come forth so plentifully, that you could never be able to put the mixture into the Retort, should you not turn away your Head, while your Hands are at work. § 16. That the Water is added to moisten it, (which Le Febure certainly forgot in his Pre­script) and to liquifie the volatile Salts; for if there were nothing to moisten them, they would suddenly sublime to the neck of the Retort, and stopping it alto­gether, would break it to pieces: but the quantity of the Water seems to be too little by half: ℥viij. of Wa­ter is the least that ought to be used. § 17. By reason of the swelling of the Lime after wetting, and the great deal of room the Spirits take to rarifie themselves in, the Re­tort must not be above half full, and the Receiver must be very large, that they may circulate with ease. § 18. This Spirit is nothing but a solution of the volatile Salt in Water: if you would sub­lime and separate this Salt there from, put the Spirit into a Matrass with its head, and a Receiver, lute the Joynts with a wet Bladder, and in Sand, with a gentle Fire, you may make the vo­latile Salt ascend white as Snow; for it will sublime and stick to the top, and up­permost parts; which sepa­rate and keep in a Glass close stopt with a Glass stopple. This Salt being dry, more easily flies away, than when you kept it dissolved in the Water, for which cause sake it is best to keep it in a li­quid form. § 19. This Spi­rit made with Quick-lime is stronger than that made with Salt of Tartar, &c. because the fiery particles of the Quick-lime, quicken the motion of the volatile Salts, much more than the Salt of Tartar can do. § 20. It is also to be noted, That the Spirit of Sal Am. thus drawn with Quick-lime, being mixt with Spirit of Wine, will not coagulate; whereas that which is drawn with Salt of Tartar, &c. will. § 21. When you take away the Receiver from the Alem­bick, have in readiness a wet cloth to stop its mouth, that its volatile Vapours may not strike your Nostrils & Brain, and so hinder respiration, and cause swooning. § 22. This volatile Spirit is also an ex­cellent Menstruum to make precipitations with, it de­stroys acids, as do all other volatile Alcalies, and precipi­tates [Page 66]Gold after it is dissolved. § 23. Charras makes it thus: ℞ Good Sal Am. lb j. Salt of Tartar lb j. or in its place Oak Ashes lb iv. beat them in a Mortar, and put them in a Cucurbit, in Sand: Sprinkle the mixture with Water ℥viij. then immediately, put on the Head with its Receiver, luting the Junctures well, kindle a gentle Fire, and continue it five or six hours, or till all the volatile Spirit is come over, and the Flowers are sublimed partly into the Head, and partly to the upper part of the Cucurbit, which take and keep for use. § 24. Near as soon as the Water is put in, the Salt of Tartar joyns with the Acid of the Sea Salt, so that the Sea Salt disingages itself from the Volatile Salt, thereby giving it the liberty of immediate arising, partly in the form of a dry Salt, and partly in the form of Spirit, so that you are forced as spee­dily as may be, to cover the Cucurbit with its Head, &c. § 25. From all these Conside­rations it evidently appears, that should Sal Am. be distil­led alone in its own condi­tion, when exposed to the violence of the Fire, the vola­tile part of the Sal Am. would do violence to the acid, and sublime it, or carry it up with it, so that you would have only a mixt Flower of Sal Am. or rather Sal Am. purified, not the pure volatile alcalious Salt alone, but mixed with all its acid, &c, § 26. It is also to be observed, that thô the mixture of Quick-lime, or a fit Salt, stops the Acid or Marine Salt from ri­sing, letting the urinous, vo­latile part go alone, either in dry Salt or Spirit, yet the acti­on would be very slow and feeble, did you not mix Wa­ter with them, the more firmly to dissolve the marine Salt, and the fixed Salt, and to mix them together, ma­king their conjunction the more facile. So that it ap­pears, the Spirit and volatile Salt are possible to be separa­ted without Water; but then it is more slowly, and in this case, besides strong luting of the Junctures, you must leave at least three quarters of the Cucurbit empty, &c. § 27. Besides all these ways of distilling this Spirit, you may see several others in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 30, 31, & 32. the last of which is the Colledge's own Prescription; but those of our Author, and Lemery's seem to carry away the Bell from all the rest. § 28. This vo­latile Spirit may be given a [Page 67] gut. vj. or x. ad 20. and some Authors allow it given to 30, yea to 60, in any proper Ve­hicle, as Bawm, or Carduus Water, Aqua Lactis Alexite­ria, &c. it is better given in some good or proper Cordial or Sudorifick Water than in Broath, because Broath being taken hot, the heat would dis­sipate a good part of the vo­latile Spirits, before the mix­ture could possibly be drunk. § 29. It is given with good success in the Cure of Mali­gnant Feavers, and all Di­seases where Sweating is re­quired. It is of a most pe­netrating nature, revives A­poplecticks and Lethargicks, resolves and attenuates the humours, takes away the stagnation of the Blood, and causes it to circulate; resists putrefaction, takes away all manner of Feavers, arising from Obstruction, and pow­erfully removes the Obstru­ction itself: it cures Quoti­dians and Tertians, Plague or Pestilence, and other Di­seases proceeding from mali­gnity. It is said also to cure the Epilepsie, Palsie, Hyste­rick Fits, Hypochondriack Melancholy, inveterate Head­achs, Heart-burnings, Gouts, &c. It is attenuating, inci­ding, resolving, penetrating, dissipating, and opening, pre­valent against the Scurvy, and other Chronick Diseases a­rising from a morbifick acid, making all the humours fluid, and putting them into moti­on, whereby, what is preter­natural, is the more fit for excretion. It is given also in Venereal Diseases, and e­specially where Mercury has been given unseasonably, un­skilfully, or in too great a quantity, for that this Spirit drives and forces the said Mercury, lodged in the se­veral parts of the Body thro' the pores of the skin. It is good against Vapours ari­sing from the lower parts, and ascending up into the Stomach and Head, as well by smelling to it, as by ta­king it inwardly, whereby it removes Vertigo's, and o­ther ill Accidents of the Head and Brain, which interrupt the proper course of the Spi­rits, and the Functions of all the parts; for which reason it is proper in swooning Fits, weakness and palpitation of the Heart, and to dissipate Vapours rising from the Womb; it kills Worms, and above all things opens the passages of the Urine, pro­vided it be mixt with some fixt Salt or Acid in a proper Vehicle. § 30. The volatile Salt has the same Vertues [Page 68]with the Spirit, but must be given in smaller Dose, viz. à gr. v. ad xij, plus-minus. They sometimes cause sleep, because they dull the sharpness of acid Salts, which entering into the little Conduits of the Brain, do cause perpetual watchings. This is also to be added, viz. that as this volatile Salt and Spirit do a­bove most other things cor­rect and hinder putrefaction, so also they more powerfully overcome the poyson and ve­nom of the Plague, and as well preserve from that dread­ful Disease, as cure it, preser­ving the Stomach also from putrefaction and corruption, which is caused by the vice and defect of the digestive faculty. In all the mention­ed Diseases, 'tis certain that they will produce wonderful and surprizing effects. § 31. The acid Spirit distilled as be­fore directed, is said to open all Obstructions of the lower Belly, to break and expel the Stone, and to ease the pain of the Bowels, strength­ning them as well as the Li­ver, Spleen, and Stomach: This Spirit will be so much the better or more powerful, if (when you mix the Sal Am. in order to drawing off its volatile urinous Spirit,) you take the equal quantities of the Pouder of Lapis He­matitis, or Filings of Steel, and then proceed in all re­spects, as if you had used Lime, or Salt of Tartar, to the eliciting the volatile Spi­rit and Salt: and then from the Caput mort. to draw the Acid Spirit as before direct­ed, which will be of a Gol­den colour, and may be recti­fied over a gentle Fire, to separate its flegmy parts. Dose à gut. vj. ad xij. or more in any proper Liquor.

XXV. Spiritus Salis Armoni­aci Tartarisatus, Spirits of Sal Armoniack tartarized. Bate.] ℞ Salt of Tartar, Sal Arm. ana, mix and add a tripple quantity of Water, and distil, S. A. It has the Ver­tues of the former.

Salmon.] It is the same with the former volatile urinous Spirit, and to be distilled as we have directed in the An­notations of the former Se­ction, and is to be given a­gainst the same Diseases, in the same manner and dose. Note, That if to the Caput Mort. you add new Salt of Tartar, and distil again, you will have volatile Salt afresh.

XXVI. Spiritus Salis Armoni­aci Succinatus, Spirit of Sal Ammoniack with Amber. Bate.] It is made by recti­fying the volatile Spirit of Sal [Page 69]Ammoniack [whether made with Quick-lime, Salt of Tartar, or Pot-ashes] upon the fine Pouder of Amber, S. A.

Salmon.] §. 1. But if you would have only a Salt suc­cinated, you must mix the Volatile Sal Amm. with the Volatile Salt of Amber, in e­qual parts, and so sublime according to Art. § 2. This Salt and Spirit has all the Virtues of the former simple Volatile Salt and Spirit, but with this advantage, that it is yet more powerful against the Diseases for which it is designed, but especially in all Epileptick and Hysterick Ca­ses, and where Vapours are apt to afflict the Patient. § 3. It is also to be given in the same manner and dose.

XXVII. Spiritus Salis Armo­niaci Chalybeatus, Spirit of Sal Armoniack steeled.

Bate.] ℞ It is made from the Caput Mortuum of the steeled Flowers of Sal Armo­niack (the Sal Armoniack be­ing first mixed with Filings of Mars) being distilled in a Retort, S. A. Dose à gut. 5. ad 15. It takes away all Obstructions, provokes Urine and the Terms; and is said to be Sudorifick.

Salmon.] This is nothing but the Acid Spirit of Sal Ar­moniack; which, in our An­notations upon the simple Spi­rit, at Sect. 24. above, we have taught more fully the preparation of: It pierces, is thin, diuretick, and diapho­retick, and has been found good against: the Colick, and against the Greensickness in Virgins: give à gut. vj. ad xij. plus-minus, in Water di­stilled from Onions, Parsly, Arsmart, Smallage, or Saxi­frage.

XXVIII. Spiritus Salis Coa­gulatus, Spirit of Salt coa­gulated.

Bate.] ℞ Salt of Worm­wood depurated ℥j. rectified Spirit of Salt ℥iss. mix and coagulate S. A. It is a Diu­retick Medicament, and a Specifick Hydropick, potent­ly expelling by Urine, all watery Humours and Wind, and all the tartarous and vis­cous matter, from whence the Stone is generated. In the Iliack Passion, Colick, Fe­vers, Jaundice, Bloody Flux, Apoplexy, Gout, &c. it is a present help. Dose gr. vj. ad xv. See Mynsicht.

Salmon.] § 1. Mynsicht in his Thesaurus, Sect. 1. pag. 31. advises, That so much of the [Page 70]Spirit may be coagulated and united with the Salt, till it prevails both in taste and strength: being brought to in just consistence, it may be kept in a Glass for use: and in this form, you may more easily carry it up and down in travelling, than you can Spirit of Salt alone by itself. § 2. It is a most excellent Medicine, having a Balsa­mick property, renovating the whole Man. It purifies the Blood, comforts the Head, Heart, and Stomach; opens Obstructions of Liver and Spleen; it incides, discusses, mundifies, and resists putre­faction. § 3. Besides also, it is a more efficacious Diure­tick, and so specifick an Hy­dropick, that it admirably expels by the urinary parts, all preternatural Humidities and Wind, and the whole tartarous and viscous matter, from whence the Stone, and Gravel, and the lapidiscent Concretions in the Gout are produced. § 4. Our Author commends it also against the Palsie, the Leprosie, Worms, whether in old or young, Ru­ptures the English Sweating-sickness Plague, and all man­ner of Poyson, as a speedy help in time of need. § 5. It may be given in the Dose a­bove mentioned, in any ap­propriate or specifick Vehi­cle: In the Dropsie (Univer­sals being premised) in Aqua Absinthii, mixt with an equal quantity of Spirit of Eider­flowers, continuing it daily, till the Dropsie and Tympa­ny (which will in a little time) vanishes.

XXIX. Spiritus Salis Mar­tialis, Steeled Spirit of Salt Gem.

Bate.] ℞ Sal Gem. p. j. Mars, p. ij. mix and distil by a Retort, S. A. Dose à gut. 5. ad 15. It is diuretick, and wonderfully aperitive or o­pening.

Salmon.] § 1. It is made as Spirit of common Salt, and indeed is nothing but Spirit of Salt impregnated with the virtue, power, and efficacy of the Steel or Iron, and the most volatile parts thereof, which are dissolved by the Acid of the Salt, and made to ascend with it. § 2. It may be dulcified after this man­ner: ℞ Of this steeled Spirit lb j. Alcohol of the Spirit of Wine lb iss. mix and digest a week, shaking the glass once a day: being thus sweetned by digestion with Spirit of Wine, it is more balsamick, and na­tural to the Body of Man. § 3. It strengthens and forti­fies [Page 71]the Stomach, potently re­sists the Scurvy and Green-sickness in Virgins; opens all manner of Obstructions in Liver, Spleen, Womb, Reins, or Bladder, expels watery Humours and Wind, and is of singular use against the Colick. It increases the Ap­petite, and causes a good di­gestion. ℞ Of this Spirit à gut. 6. ad 20. White-wine, or Canary ℥iv. ad vj. Tincture of Wormwood gut. xxx. mix for a Dose; to be given either at Night going to Bed, or early in the Morning fasting: where Note, That if it be dulcified with Spirit of Wine, you may give it from 15 drops, to 50, or 60, as you see need requires.

XXX. Spiritus Sambuci, Spi­rit of Elder-berries.

Bate.] It is distilled from the fermented Berries, as you distil Spirit of Hyssop, &c. It is Alexipharmick, Cardiack; Sudorifick, and U [...]erine. Dose a spoonful or two, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. You must take the Berries and bruise them well, then put them into a wooden Vessel; to every gallon of which, you must add of course Sugar, or Melussos lb j. to ha­sten the fermentation, which ought to be continued so long, till the Liquor has acquired a vinous scent; then put it into a Copper Vesica tinn'd within, with its Worm and Recipient, and draw off the Spirit with a gentle Fire: draw off the quarter part, which save by itself as the best and strongest Spirit; and is to go by the name of Spirit of Elder: then changing the Receiver draw off about as much more, which keep by itself, under the title of Elder-water. § 2. This Water you may reserve for making of new Spirit, putting it into fresh bruised Berries, (but after the fermen­tation, least you lose the vo­latile parts thereof before you distil it) and draw off the Spirit as before; and then the Elder-water, which you may save for a supplement to the next Spirit. § 3. Modus Ʋtendi. ℞ Of this Spirit ℥j. Juniper, or Parsley-water ℥ij. Syrup of Lemons ℥ss. mix for a Dose, against Obstru­ctions of the Reins and Blad­der. ℞ Of this Spirit ℥j. Tincture of Castor ʒ j. White-wine or Sherry ℥iv, mix for a Dose, against Distempers of the Womb. ℞ Of this Spi­rit ℥j. Spirit of Sal Armoniack gut. 20. Spirit of Scurvy-grass gut. 10. Camomil-water ℥iv. mix for a Dose, against the Pleurisie.

XXXI. Spiritus Sanguinis, Spirit of Man's Blood.

Bate.] Distil it from the Blood of a sound young Man, putrefied, in Sand, and then rectifie it, S. A. It is chiefly commended against the Epi­lepsie, or Falling-sickness, ra­dically taking it away; as also against the Palsie, Apo­plexy, Ulcers of the Lungs, &c. Dose à gut. 10. ad 20. and more, for a whole Month.

Salmon.] § 1. Because it is really necessary to understand the way of distilling Humane Blood, we shall here parti­cularly explicate and exem­plifie the process. ℞ Of the Blood of a sound young Man q. v. put it into a large Glass Body, upon which put some two or three handfuls of Hemp, to prevent its rising or swel­ling into the Head or Alem­bick▪ lute the Junctures well, giving a gentle and gradual Fire in Ashes or Sand, distil to driness, but beware of burn­ing; so have you Water and Spirit, which you must rectifie in B. M. § 2. With the Wa­ter you may extract the Salt out of the Caput Mortuum; af­ter due Calcination; the Spi­rit you may preserve as it is, as an excellent Remedy a­gainst the Falling-sickness, and Convulsion Fits in Chil­dren, and may be given à ʒss. to ʒj. thus: ℞ Of this Spirit ʒ j. Water of Earth­worms, Lilly Convally, Laven­der, or Peony ℥ij. or iij. Syrup of Peony ʒ ij. mix for a Dose. § 3. Now here is to be noted, that this Spirit would yet be stronger and better, if you cohobate it upon the faeces several times in a Retort, viz. Eight or nine times, or till it has got a Ruby colour, and that the Oyl comes at last with its volatile Salt, sticking to the neck of the Glass, or sides of your Recipient; then to mix it with the Spirit, and joyn them together by distil­lation in B. M. § 4. This is that Spirit so much cried up for the cure of the Palsie, be­ing inwardly taken à gut. vj. ad xij. or xx. in Broath, De­coction, or generous Wine: what remains at the bottom of this Glass Body, after the Cohobations, being calcin'd, you may extract the Salt out of, as before directed. § 5. The Oyl you may rectifie upon Colcothar in Sand, in a Retort, till you find it thin, subtil, and penetrative, with which mix the fixed Salt, and digest till they are per­fectly united: thus have you an excellent Balsam to ease [Page 73]the Gout in Hands or Feet, and to remove the tumour and redness thereof; it sof­tens, dissipates, yea, and dis­solves the chalky Concretions, which are bred in the Joynts in that Disease; as also pocky Nodes, Tophs, Gums, and Swellings, the Body being beforehand prepared by ta­king some few Doses of our Aurum Vitae. § 6. In defect of Man's Blood, you may make use of Sheeps, Goats, Swines, or Neats-blood, and distil it in the same manner as Humane Blood; for in per­fect Animals, the natural di­gestions are performed in the same manner, and their Blood is endowed with nearly the same Virtues, save that Hu­mane Blood may be thought to be more homogenial to our Natures. § 7. Rolfincius Ar­tis Chimicae, Lib. 5. Sect. 1. Art. 4. Cap. 2. makes it af­ter this manner: ℞ The Blood newly gathered, dry it gently in an Oven, so that be­ing freed from the Flegm, there may be lb xij. put it into a Retort, and distil with an open Fire, so have you first a Spirit, after a volatile Salt, then a thick Oyl: The Fire being out, and the Vessels cooled, gather the yellow Salt moistned with the Oyl; and after the white and cry­stalline, (which is indeed but little) that adheres to the lightest part of the Recipient. The Spirit impregnated with much Salt separate from the Oyl, and the more sincere or pure Spirit, mixed with the former volatile Salt, re­ctifie by an Alembick, keep­ing the pure white Salt by it self for use. The residue of the Liquor which remains, distil through the Alembick, and keep by itself. Lastly, Because you cannot distil to driness without danger of breaking the Glass Body: affuse thereon Spirit of Wine rectified, so will it ascend white, pellucid, and of a grateful flavour. This Salt and Spirit have one and the same Virtues, and are ad­mirable Diaphoreticks to be used in all burning, ma­lign, and pestilential Fea­vers. Dose à gr. iij. ad viij. in Broth, or a Draught of Wine. § 8. Maets makes it thus: ℞ Blood of a sound Man, and dry it, adding as much rectified Spirit of Salt as the Serum weighed; evaporate to driness again: of this Blood thus dried, take p. j. white Rhenish Tartar, p. v. mix ex­actly and distil: separate the stinking Oyl from the Spirit, the Oyl rectifie upon Glawber's Sal Mirabilis Calcinatum, or [Page 74]upon common Salt calcined, or decripetated; rectifie it so long, till it becomes clear and limpid, leaving a black Earth at bottom of the Retort: to this Oyl add Alcohol of Spirit of Wine, p. iv. and distil them together till they are perfectly united. So have you a most subtil and fiery Spirit of Hu­mane Blood, of which you may give à gut. 20. ad 40. but of the former Spirit to a much larger Dose. § 9. He also makes it thus: ℞ Man's Blood dried, p. j. Calx of Flints, p. ij. or decripitated Salt: mix and distil by a Re­tort, so have you Spirit and Oyl, which separate by filtring; the volatile Salt adhering to the Receiver and Neck of the Retort, gather and rectifie or depurate it, as you do volatile Salt of Harts-horn: the Oyl rectifie as before, the volatile Salt dissolve in the Spirit, and keep it for use. § 10. It is made also after this manner: ℞ Man's Blood, q. v. put it into a sublimatory Vial, and digest it in Horse-dung for for­ty days; then draw off the Spi­rit with a very gentle Fire. This volatile Spirit is a great Arcanum in the cure of the Falling-sickness. § 11. Marg­grave makes it thus: ℞ Man's Blood ℥xxx. distil it in a low Cucurbit in Sand, for six or eight hours, augmenting the Fire strongly in the end, till nothing more will come forth: first there ascends ℥xv. of a limpid Liquor: then follows ℥ix. of a turbid Liquor: con­joyn both, and affuse them the next day upon the Caput Mort. and distil again as be­fore to driness; do this once or twice more, till the Liquor a­scends turbid, with some lit­tle drops of Oyl swimming in it: Separate the Oyl by a Funnel, and rectifie the Li­quor, so as to abstract on­ly five or six Ounces, of which the Dose is gut. x. ad xx. against the Epilepsie, and most other Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Womb, Hysterick Fits, &c.

XXXII. Spiritus Saturni, Spirit of Saturn.

Bate.] It is distilled by a Retor [...] from purified and recti­fied Saccharum Saturni, S. A. It is sudorifick, good against the Plague or Pestilence, Hy­pochondriack Melancholy, Burning Fevers, French-Pox, and the like. Dose gut. ij. or iij.

Salmon.] This Spirit of Sa­turn, drawn from its Salt, is an inslamable Liquor, and is thus made: ℞ Salt of Sa­turn, so much as may fill your [Page 75]Glass or Earthen Retort two thirds full; put it into a Fur­nace over a very gentle Fire, both to heat the Retort, and drive out the Flegm, (which comes first:) continue this de­gree of Fire, till the drops be­gin to have some taste; then fit to it a large Receiver, lute well the Junctures, and increase the Fire gradatim, so will the Spirit come forth, filling the Receiver with Clouds: all be­ing come off, let the Vessels cool, then unlute, and take the Spi­rit and put it into a Glass Cu­curbit, to rectifie it, in a very gentle Sand heat, drawing off about the one half thereof: this is the inflamable Spirit of Saturn, burning like Spirit of Wine, and of a sowre taste, Quemque inter non entia re­ponit Rolfincius; but I think him to be mistaken. § 2. The other half of the Liquor which remains in the Alem­bick, they call (tho' impro­perly) Oyl of Saturn, and is used to cleanse and clear the Eyes of Horses. § 3. The blackish matter remaining in the Retort, being put into a Crucible upon a good Fire, will reassume the form of Lead, being deprived of the Acids which gave it the form of Salt. § 4. The Salt of Sa­turn may also be revived into Lead, by mixing it with an Alcaly, and melting it as a­foresaid in a good Fire, for that the Alcali absorbs the Acid, and as much enervates it, as if it were drawn off; but then it will flame, before it revives, because of the Spirit of Wine contained in the Vinegar, which convert­ed the Lead into Ceruse. § 5. The Spirit of Saturn there­fore is inflamable, because it contains some Spirit of Wine, which remains still involved in the Vinegar, and was car­ried with the Acids into the Pores of the Lead, when the Saccharum Saturni was made. This Salt being distilled, the force of the Fire breaks the Acid, and sets the Spirit of Wine at liberty; so that the Spirit of Saturn has very lit­tle of an acid taste in it. § 6. It is also to be observed, that if you take lbj. or ℥xvj. of the Saccharum, you will have by distillation in the Retort, about 3¼ ounces of Liquor, or Spirit, and yet there will be left in the Retort (which is the wonder) about eighteen ounces of a blackish matter, so that here an augmentation is evident: Now [...]the quantity of Lead in the Saccharum: And if you re­duce the eighteen ounces of black Matter into Lead, in a Crucible, you will have of [Page 76] Lead ℥10¾; and ℥ij. of a yel­low Earth, like Litharge of Gold, which seems to be an impurity of the Lead. § 7. Hence it is apparent, that the Saccharum, as by distillation it loses its acid particles, it receives others, which are igneous, in; more in num­ber, and greater in quantity or weight, as appears by the operation: but when again it is reduced in a Crucible into Lead, the particles of the Lead coming together into a Body, expel the fiery par­ticles, so that the Lead revi­ving as before, recovers but its first weight. § 8. The Retort ought scarcely to be ⅔ full, and the Receiver ought to be very large, because these volatile Spirits flying out with violence, if they should not have room enough to play in, might possibly break the Vessels. § 9. Le Febure makes it after this manner: ℞ Pure Crystalline Saccharum Saturni lb j. dis­solve it seven times one after another in the best Spirit of Vinegar, evaporating every time: then in the hottest Sea­son of the Year dissolve it in a cold Cellar, per deliquium, this Liquor put into a Retort placed in a Reverberatory Fur­nace upon an earthen Pot, the bottom turned upside down, ha­ving about an inch thickness of Sand or Ashes between the said bottom and Retort: fit to the neck a very large Receiver, lu­ting the Juncture with all pos­sible care; which being dry, make a gentle Fire at first, and very slowly increase it, till the Receiver is totally filled with white Vapours, but by degrees augment it to the height, and when you see hea­vy and red drops fall down, and that the Receipient grows clear of itself, (which will be in a­bout twenty or twenty four hours) cease, or put out the Fire. § 10. This Liquor di­stilled over into the Receiver, is four-fold, viz. 1. A subtil and volatile Spirit. 2. A yel­low Oyl. 3. A Phlegm. 4. A red Oyl, which you must separate one from ano­ther by rectification, thus: § 11. Put them into a clean glass Retort in B.M. or Sand, with its Recipient, changing the Receiver according to the change of the Liquors coming over. The Volatile and Ae­therial Spirits come first thrô the neck of the Retort, with­out framing any Veins there­in: next follows the yellow Oyl, which makes oblique and winding Veins; as soon as which sign does appear, the Receiver must be chan­ged: After the yellow Oyl [Page 77]comes the Flegm in streight and direct Veins, which must also be taken away by itself: And lastly, In the bottom of the Retort you will find the red Oyl remaining. § 12. This Volatile Spirit of Saturn resists putrefaction of the Blood and Humours, and cures Hypochondriack Me­lancholy (given for twenty or thirty days together); it is a wonderful Sudorifick, and therefore is excellent against the Plague, pestilential and burning Fevers, Palsie, Epi­lepsie, Apoplexy, French-Pox, Frenzy, Madness, and other like Diseases afflicting Body or Mind, or both. Dose à gut. 8. ad 16. or 20. in any appro­priated Vehicle. § 13. The yellow Oyl being digested upon Calx of Gold, or Crocus Solis in a gentle heat of a Bal. Va­poroso, in a Circulatory Ves­sel hermetically sealed, will become as red as Blood; and then be a great Arcanum a­gainst all Griefs of the Heart and Brain, being given à gut. j. ad iv. in Spirit of Lilly Convally, Canary, or other proper Liquor. § 14. The red. Oyl being circulated with e­qual parts of Oyl of Camphir, and tartariz'd Spirit of Wine for fifteen or twenty days, or longer, and then the S. V. ab­stracted with a very gentle heat in B. M. you will have remaining a miraculous Balsa­mick Essence, which will cure green Wounds in a day or two, at once dressing, being only slightly besmeared with a Feather dipt therein; and is besides profitable for the cure of the most inveterate Ulcers, dissolves and resolves all Swellings, hinders Acci­dents in Wounds, wonder­fully cures Fistula's, and growing Cancers, as also takes away Scurf, Morphew, and Leprosie, and restores a­gain pined and withered Members; for it is a kind of Mummial Balsam impregna­ted with the Sulphur of Sa­turn.

XXXIII. Spiritus Spongia­rum, Spirit of Sponges.

Bate.] It is distilled from Sponges by a Retort, and recti­fied, S. A. It is a singular Lithontriptick.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ As much Sponge as you please, cut it ve­ry small, put it into a glass Retort, which place in a close Reverberatory, with its Recei­ver; lute the Juncture well, and give Fire Gradatim, like as in the distillation of Tartar: and continue to increase it by little and little, till the white and oily clouds begin to come, [Page 78]and that you see the volatile Salt does sublime and stick to the sides of the Receiver: con­tinue the Fire in the same de­gree till all is come forth, and the Receiver grows clear of it self. § 2. Then cease the Fire, and all being cold, take away the Vessels, pour out the Spirit and volatile Salt together, and separate the Oyl by a Funnel, or some Cot­ton, which keep in a Glass by itself. § 3. Put the Spirit and Volatile Salt into a low Glass Body, and rectifie them in Sand, keeping them toge­ther: The Sponge also cal­cin'd at the bottom of the Retort after distillation, you may save for to stop violent fluxes of Blood. § 4. This Spirit, volatile Salt, and Oyl of Sponges, are not only of excellent use against the Stone and Gravel, or any o­ther Obstruction in the Reins and Bladder, or other passa­ges of Urine, but are also profitable against strumous or scrophulons Swellings, and the Disease called, Broncoceles, which is a Bunch or Swel­ling in the Throat: for they not only admirably open, but also by their acuity of parts, attenuate and resolve much. § 5. Against the Stone and Diseases of the Reins and Bladder, you may use them thus: ℞ Of the Spirit, in which the volatile Salt is dis­solved ʒ j. Aquae Fabarum, or in place thereof Petroselini, ℥iij. Syrupus Nephriticus, or in place thereof Dialthaea ʒ ij. Pouder of Winter Cherries ʒ ss. mix for three Doses. § 6. But for a Broncoceles, or Kings-Evil thus: First, Purge the Patient with my Family-Pills, or Pilulae Panchymagogae, or Pilulae Mirabiles, or some o­ther Purge proper in this case, as this: ℞ Fine Scammony gr. xvj. Resin of Jallap, gr. viij. Colocynthis in Pouder ℈ij. mix, and with extract of Co­locynthis, make Pills for iij. Doses. Or you may purge with a simple Extract of Co­locynthis alone, made only with common Water, which is an admirable thing, and works well in gr. vj. or viij. This Purging is to be conti­nued all along the Cure, eve­ry fourth or fifth day, till the Swelling is wholly gone. § 7. Then you must anoint outwardly with this: ℞ Oyl of Sponges ʒ j. Oyl of bit­ter Almonds ℥j. mix them to anoint with Morning and Evening, applying over all an Emplaster of Oxycroce­um, or Diachylon, or some such like. § 8. Lastly, Give the Patient every Morning fasting, and every Night go­ing [Page 79]to Bed, the Spirit mixt with the volatile Salt, after this manner: ℞ Of the Spi­rit à gut. xij. ad xx. or xxiv. Arsmart Water ℥iij. Syrupi Volatilis ʒ vj. mix for a Dose: Or, giving the said mixture at Night going to Bed, give these following Lozenges, one every Morning fasting: ℞ Of the strongest fine Sugar ℥iv. Calx of the Sponge aforemen­tioned ʒ ij. Crocus martis a­stringens ʒ iij. Long Pepper ʒ j. mix, and make Lozenges, weighing each ʒ iiss. which dry and keep for use. By follow­ing this course constantly, you will evidently and daily see these Scrophulous, Strumatick, and Bronchocele Tumours to decrease, and vanish to no­thing. § 9. In what Classis to place Sponge, Authors have scarcely determined; some thinking it to be neither Ve­getable, Mineral, nor Animal; others thinking it to partici­pate of them all: others place it between Animals and Vegetables, affirming it to partake of both of them; for that, say they, it has an active quality to dilate itself, and shrink up together when it is in the Sea, whereby it en­joys a tenebrous life, coming near to that of an Animal, and to that of a Plant, whence they will have it a Zoophyton, or Plant Animal.

XXXIV. Spiritus Tabaccae, Spirit of Tobacco.

Bate.] It is distilled as that of Amber, from the dried Leaves. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒiij. for Vomiting.

Salmon.] § 1. In handling this Preparation, I hope we shall evidently demonstrate, That Chimical Physicians are not contented simply with the superficies, or outside of things, but aim at a farther scrutiny, viz. to open them, and to penetrate into their insides, and very centers, thereby to find out the whole of what they do contain, separating the pure and virtuous parts, the Spirit, Oyl, and volatile Salt, viz. the Potestates, or Powers, from their impure, faeculent, and earthy parts, that so they may the more aptly be appropriated and applied to the cure of the Diseases of Humane kind. § 2. ℞ Of the best Spanish Tobacco cut small lb j. or ℥xvj. put upon it an equal weight of Flegm of Vitriol, put on the Cucurbit or Vesica its Head, digest in Sand for a day or two; fit to it a Receiver, and distil about ten ounces of Li­quor by a gentle Fire, which keep in a Vial by itself. This is a powerful Vomit, and may [Page 80]be given à ʒij. ad vj. in some fit Vehicle; outwardly it is good also to bathe Tettars, Ring-worms, Itch, and such like with. § 3. Put the Ma­gma in the Cucurbit into an Earthen, or Glass Retort luted, place it in a Furnace with a large Receiver, well luting the Juncture, begin with a small Fire to raise the Flegm, which augment gradatim, and the Spirits will come forth confu­sedly with a black Oyl; con­tinue the Fire till all is come over, then cool the Vessels, and unlute them: what you have in the Recipient, put into a Funnel lined with brown Paper, so will the watery and spirituous parts pass through, leaving the black foetid Oyl in the Paper or Filter. § 4. This Spirit is not usual to be taken inward­ly; outwardly you may use it thus: ℞ Pure yellow Palm Oyl ℥ij. of this Spirit ʒ j. mix them. It cures Itch, Tettars, Ring-worms, by anointing therewith. § 5. The Oyl is too violent to be given in­wardly, and therefore some use it outwardly thus: ℞ Lapis infernalis q. v. Oyl of Tobacco, so much as will make an Oyntment, which keep in a dry place. Anoint the pit of the Stomach with gr. v. or vj. and the Patient will pre­sently vomit; but if you would move the Body down­wards, anoint about the Na­vel therewith, and the sick will presently fall a purging; where note, 1. That the sick ought to take some warm Broath, or Posset-drink in the working. 2. That the Oynt­ment is not to lie so long as to cauterize the part to which it is applied. § 6. But the greatest external use of this Oyl, is, to consolidate new Wounds, and to cure Cacoe­thick Ulcers, and to remove all the Accidents of Contusions: because it potently resolves the extravasated Blood, and hinders the heat and infla­mation, which are always previous to a putrefaction. It is good also against the Tooth-ache, and to dissipate the chalky knots proceeding from the Gout, and to dis­solve pocky Gums, Nodes, and Tophs, thus: ℞ Palm Oyl ℥ij. Oyl of Tobacco ʒ ij. mix for an Oyntment, for the a­foresaid purpose. § 7. This Oyl is best unrectified, for now it contains both Oyl and volatile Salt, which in conjunction produce those rare effects; whereas being rectified it loses much of the said volatile Salt, and be­comes less effectual. Dr. French makes Lozenges of [Page 81]this unrectified Oyl thus: ℞ Of the strongest refined Sugar [...]ss. Oyls of Resemary, and Rhodium ana gut. xxxij. Oyl [...]f Nutmegs by Expression ʒ j. Oyl of Tobacco, gut. xxx. or [...]ss, mix and make Lozenges, [...]ach weighing a dram; which [...]s a Dose, about half a grain of the Oyl being in each Lo­ [...]enge. One of these being [...]aken (says he) every Morn­ [...]ng, or every other Morning, [...]eeps the Body soluble, and [...]s good for such as are apt to [...]e costive. § 8. I must con­ [...]ess, I like not much the ta­ [...]ing of this unrectified Oyl [...]nwardly; for by reason of [...]he peircing sulphur, and vo­ [...]atile Salt which it contains, it [...]as soon as ever it gets into [...]he stomach) falls a pricking [...]he fibres with violence, and [...]n weak persons may endan­ger Convulsions: yea, this Oyl is so great a Vomit, that [...]olding but ones nose a little over the Vial containing it, it [...]mmediately puts the sto­mach upon a convulsive mo­ [...]ion. § 9. A few drops be­ [...]ng instilled into the Veins of [...] Dog's Leg, presently put [...]he Dog into Convulsions and Vomiting, and in a short time [...]fter kill'd him; from which [...]t appears, that if it be ever given inwardly, it would doubtless be best to rectifie it by distillation, thereby to take away in a great mea­sure its Empyreuma. § 10. Then (say Authors) it may be given with happy success a­gainst Suffocations, Fits of the Mother, Risings, Vapours, In­flations, and Irritations of the Spleen, which cause shortness of breath, by reason of the compression of the Diaphra­gma, or Midriff. It is good also against intermitting Fea­vers, given a little before the Fit comes; and is a good Antepileptick Remedy, exhi­bited upon the Full of the Moon, two or three days be­fore and after in Spir. Theri­acalis camphorated, volatile Spirit of Harts-horn, or Mix­tura Simplex. § 11. In gi­ving this Oyl, (if not made up into Lozenges) you must drop it upon pure white Su­gar, à gut. ij. ad iv. and then mix it with any appropriate Vehicle; for example, against an Epilepsy: ℞ Mixtura Simplex ʒ j. of this Oyl gut ij. ad iv. dropt into white Sugar: Bawm Water ℥iij. Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers ʒ vj. mix for a Dose. Against intermitting Feavers you may give it thus: ℞ Spir, Theriacli ʒ j. of this Oyl, gut. iij. or iv. Centaury Water ℥iv. Syrup of Citron-peels ℥j. mix for a Dose. § 12. But as this Oyl is not often [Page 82]given inwardly, except upon great necessities, when no o­ther Remedies are to be found; so being reserved for external uses, it is best with­out rectifying, and so is much more powerful to the intenti­ons proposed, as then com­prehending within it, its vo­latile Salt, which being recti­fied, it will be in the greatest part deprived of. § 13. From the Faeces in the Retort by Calcination and Elixiviation, &c. you may have a fixed Salt, or Alkali; but in ma­king of it, it will be good to get a larger quantity of Ash­es, that you may have it the more plentifully. § 14. This Salt is said to possess all the Virtues of the Plant, besides which, it mundifies and heals, and is very gentle being ap­plied to foul and running Ul­cers, and upon their callous sides, which hinder Cicatri­zing: taken inwardly in Broath, it gently moves the Belly, kills Worms, and ex­pels all other Corruptions in the Stomach and Entrails: It is Sudorifick, Diuretick, and Deopilative, removing all Obstructions in parts ad­jacent to the Ventricle, chief­ly those of the Mesentery and Pincreas, and takes away all the Impurities of the Womb. The Dose is à gr. iv. ad xx in any appropriated Liquor. § 15. Le Febure makes this Spirit and Oyl thus: ℞ To­bacco cut small lb iv. put it in­to a Glass Retort in a Rever­beratory Furnace, upon the Co­ver of an Earthen Pot turned upside down, and kept up upon two Iron Bars, putting two or three handfuls of Sand or A­shes thereon, to hinder the tou­ching of the Earthen Pot and Retort, and prevent its break­ing: cover the Furnace, and lute on the Recipient, which being dry, kindle the Fire, in­creasing it gradually by little and little, till the Recipient begins to be filled with Clouds and Vapours; then keep the Fire in an equality till the Glass it freed from fumes, which done, give the last and extream degree of Fire, that the Tobac­co may calcine, and no volatile, saline, or oleaginous substance may remain behind: when the Recipient grows clear, and no more comes over, let the Fi [...]e go out, take the Recei­ver, and shaking all together, pour it out into a Funnel li­ned with brown Paper, so will the Spirit filtrate through the Paper, leaving the Oyl behind, as afore directed. § 16. This Spirit you ought to rectifie in a Glass Cucur­bit from its Flegm; and be­ing so rectified, it is full of [Page 83]volatile Salt, whereby it is powerful to deterge, attenu­ate, and dissolve whatever is against Nature, of what qua­lity soever, and in what part soever contained. It is pro­fitable against Asthma's, and other Oppressions of the Breast and Lungs, proceed­ing from a tartarous matter, which it truly and specifical­ly dissolves. It works by Spitting, Urine, and Sweat, and also provokes Vomiting according to the matter it meets with: outwardly it pu­rifies, cleanses, and heals cal­lous and cancerous Ulcers; and above all, admirably cures Fistula's; it is also ex­cellent above many other things for fresh Wounds and Contusions, if mixt with U­rine, and then part washt therewith, and afterwards applied warm upon the woun­ded part. It also cures the Crystaline Bladder arising on the end of the Yard, in the French Disease, which is one of the most pernicious Sym­ptoms that can happen, it ap­peases the pain, resolves pow­erfully the venemous matter which causes it, and prevents the mortal consequences at­tending it. § 17. It may be given inwardly in any Speci­fick Decoction or Water, or in Broth, Hydromel, or Wine, as you see convenient; and the design is from gut. iij. ad xx. according to the age and strength of the Patient. § 18. The Oyl aforementioned you may rectifie in this manner: ℞ The Caput Mort. before the Salt is extracted, pouder it, and therewith mix the Oyl, till you have made it into a mass or lump; put it into a Retort, and in a Sand Furnace, draw off the Oyl; so will it be very pure and subtil; which keep for the inward uses afore­mentioned. Tobacco is a won­derful Plant, and admirable uses may be made of it in the curing of many Diseases, if a wise Man has it in hand. § 19. Clissus Peti, The Powers of Tobacco, are made (accord­ing to Le Febure) out of the three Principles of the Plant, viz. the Mercury, or Spirit; Sulphur or Oyl, and Salt, mixt together in a fit proportion, and digested till an inseparable union is made; which will be more absolute and perfect, if they be drawn over the helm to­gether, and several times coho­bated. This is a much more efficacious remedy than any of the three Principles sepa­rated; and therefore the Dose must be less in proportion.

XXXV. Spiritus Theriacalis camphoratus, The Treacle Spirit camphorated.

Bate.] ℞ Venice Treacle ℥v. best Myrrh ʒ x. English Saf­fron ℥ss. Camphir ʒ ij. best re­ctified Spirit of Wine ℥x. di­gest and distil in B. M. coho­bating thrice, S. A. It is of egregious use in all malign Diseases; it provokes Sweat, and resist Poyson. Dose à ℈j. ad ʒj. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius Ar­tis Chimiae, Lib. 3. Sect. 1. Art. 2. Cap. 23. has this pre­script in a differing propor­tion, viz. ℞ Venice Treacle ℥v. choice Myrrh, ʒ xx. Saf­fron ℥ss Camphir ʒ ij. Spirit of Wine ℥xx. by which you may perceive that in this the Myrrh and S. V. are com­pleatly doubled, and he makes the distillation in a Sand heat, but this in B. M. is much the best, for so the Spirit will have no Empyreuma or smatch of burning. § 2. It has the power of inciding, attenua­ting, and resisting malignity; by the tenuity and subtily of its substance it immediately penetrates the universal Bo­dy without any trouble. [...] est, malignitatem per sudorem dispellens. It has a place amongst the greatest of Cordials, is good against fainting and swooning Fits, Palpitation of the Heart, the Colick, Wind in the Bowels, and all sorts of burning and malign Feavers, but chiefly against the Contagion of the Plague or Pestilence. § 3. The Dose of it in way of Cure may be ad ʒij. but in way of Prevention ad ℈ij. in generous Wine, or some o­ther appropriate Liquor; but some Authors allow it to be given to an Ounce in a pro­per Vehicle. § 4. Charras in his Royal Pharmacopoeia makes a Treacle Spirit after this man­ner: ℞ Of the best Venice Treacle ℥v. Roots of Angelica, of Master-wort, of Spignel A­thamantick, and Valerian the greater, A. ℥iij. ʒ vj. Seeds of Bishops-weed, and Seseli, A. ʒ x. Spirit of Wine rectified lb ij. the Roots and Seeds bruised, digest eight days in S. V. then distil in B. M. S. A. This, if you please, you may make camphorated with three drams of Camphire. § 5. It has the Virtues of the former, and powerfully resists and sorts of Poysons, and may be given a ʒj. ad ʒiv. in Canary, or any other Cordial Liquor: Some drops of it being dropt upon the palms of the hands, may be gently rubbed toge­ther, and then immediately [Page 85]drawn up the Nostrils a­gainst the pain of the Head, Megrim, or other Distem­pers of the Brain, as also ap­plied to the Temples and Su­tures of the Skull, and Pit of the Stomach.

XXXVI. Spiritus Veneris, Spirit of Venus, or Cop­per.

Bate.] It is distilled by a Retort from the Vitriol of Ve­nus, S. A. It is the greatest Arcanum for the Cure of the Epilepsy, it corroborates the Ventricle, corrects Crudities, warms a cold Womb, cures the Suffocation thereof, or Fits of the Mother, moves or provokes the Courses, and strengthens the Reins to per­form their duty. Dose à gut. v. ad. x.

Salmon.] § 1. In Our Do­ron Medicum, Lib. 2. Cap. 2. Sect. 19. we have given you a full and large description of the Spirit of Venus, shewing you its compleat Preparation, as well as its Virtues, Uses, and Dose. But there are se­veral other ways of preparing thereof, which we now come to declare. § 2. Spiritus & Crocus Veneris Marg-gravii. ℞ Verdigrise in fine Pouder lb ss. put it into a Glass Retort, and distil in Sand with Fire of the third degree, for five or six hours, or till no more will come forth; so will you have ℥iv. of Liquor. Take this di­stilled Liquor, and distil it by a Glass Retort to driness, so have you Spirit of Venus recti­fied and pure, which Zwelfer calls the Liquor Alcahest. The Caput Mort. left in the first di­stillation, edulcorate, or wash oftentimes with warm Water, and dry it; so have you Cro­cus Veneris. § 3. This Spirit or Alkahest or Zwelfer is an admirable dissolvent of Mars, Venus, Corals, and other Stones; being taken into the Body, it attenuates gross humors, and opens all manner of Obstru­ctions, taking away the vi­scosity of the passages, it strengthens the Stomach and created dries and astringes, stops Haemorrhagies, and is used in drying and astringing Oyntments and Emplasters. §. 4. Maets makes it after this manner: ℞ Verdigrise, or rather Crystals of Venus, q. v. to which add a half part of A­lum calcined, (i. e. of the Ca­put Mort. after its Spirit is drawn off) mix and distil in an earthen Retort, or a Glass one well luted in an open Fire, till all the Fumes cease, which Spirit rectifie from its flegm, as before directed. § 5. This [Page 86]Spirit is an egregious Men­struum for extracting the Tinctures from the Glass of Antimony, as also from its Minera, and the Crocus's and Calces of other Metals, ex­ceeding indeed all other Spi­rits of Vinegars. § 6. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Crystals of Venus q. v. put them into a Glass Retort, filling it ⅔ full, place it in Sand, fit to it a large Receiver, lute well the Juncture, and give a small Fire at first, to drive out the insipid Flegm, after which will follow a volatil Spirit. Aug­ment the Fire gradatim, and the Recipient will fill with white Clouds; towards the latter end, kindle Coals round about the Retort, encreasing the Fire to the last degree, to force over all the Spirits. When the Clouds disappear, and the Recipient grows cool, put out the Fire, unlute and decant the distilled Spirit into a Glass Body, drawing off the Spirit again to driness: this is Spirit of Venus rectified. § 7. It is a Specifick against the Epilep­sy, Palsie, Apolexy, and o­ther Diseases of the Head and Brain: it may be given à gut. v. ad x. or xij. in any convenient Vehicle. The black mass at bottom may be revi­ved into Copper, if put into a Cucurbite in a fire of fusion, with a little Saltpeter, or Tartar. § 8. In making this Spirit from the Crystals of Ve­nus, you will have ℥viij. from xvj. of the Vitriol, ℥viij. of Caput Mort. remaining be­hind. § 9. And thô Zwelfer says, that this Spirit will dis­solve Coral and Pearl with­out loosing any thing of its force or strength, so that when you would use the same numerical Spirit again, it shall do again the same operation upon new matter, yet Experience has not con­firmed this assertion; for thô it may come off from the dis­solved matter with a great deal of sharpness, yet has it lost a great part of its acidity wherein the force of the Men­struum lay: and by many reiterated Operations upon new matter Operations upon new matter, it will come off at length very weak, and al­most insipid. § 10. Charras makes it thus: ℞ Crystals of Venus made of Verdigrise, af­fuse on them (in fine Pouder) S. V. rectified, so much as may overtop it four inches, which in a Sand heat abstract, and cohobate twice or thrice more, to qualifie the Acrimony of the Vitriol: then being dry, and in Pouder put it into a Retort, and distil as before directed in a close Furnace of Reverbera­tion, with a large Recipient: reiterate the distillation as al­so cohobation of the Spirit di­stilled upon the sediment, and make a third distillation: so will you have a Spirit impre­gnated with the most essential parts of the Crocus Veneris. § 11. This Spirit is a Speci­fick against the Epilepsy-Ap­polexy, Convulsions, Le­thargy, Coma, Carus, and other Diseases of the Head, Brain, and Womb. It is highly esteemed against the Jaundice, illness and weak­ness of the Stomach, want of Appetite, and to break the Stone in the Reigns and Blad­der. It is prevalent also a­gainst all sorts of Agues, the Plague or Pestilence, and all other malign Feavers; and may be successfully used in­stead of the Prophylactick Wate of Sylvius, even against all the Diseases for which that is commended. § 12. Paracelsus accounts this very Medicine as the quarter part of the whole Materia medica, and by some it is esteemed as a real Alcahest, able to dissolve totally all Pearls, Corals, and such other like hard Substances, with more ease than any other dissolvent, and then quitting them by distillation, is able to dissolve more: but without doubt (as I before observed) it must [Page 87]grow weaker and weaker; for the saline parts of the matter dissolved will be sure to retain, and unite itself with some part of the acid; and the terrene parts will also detain and unite with other particles of the said Men­struum, which cannot well be separated by distillation, nor by any other way but by lotion; so that in all proba­bility▪ this Spirit must by u­sing decay, and grow every time weaker and weaker. § 13. And this is also to be noted, That Iron, Copper, Pearls, Corals, &c. ought not to pass for pure Alcalies, because that acid Spirits work upon them: for thô these, and such other like substances, are not destitute of the proper Alcali, it follows not, that this part is the whole, nor that it can transform the other parts into itself, since that when acid Spirits dissolve those kind of Substances, they do it not by uniting themselves to them, as they do with true Alcalies, but by destroying them, by dividing them into little particles; quitting them, and letting them precipitate downwards, when they meet with any fixed or volatile Salt, with which they can unite; con­sidering that▪ only salt Sub­stances [Page 88]dissolvable in Water, and capable to unite and in­corporate themselves with the Oils, can be accounted real Alcalies. And thô boyling Water may make some dis­solutions of Copper reduced into Crystals, or Crocus after it has been calcin'd with Sulphur; yet it only dissolves that part which the acid of the Sulphur has corroded, and as it were half dissolved in Calcination. § 14. As it is given inwardly in any pro­per Liquor à gut. vj. ad xij. so likewise it is used out­wardly in Oyntments to make the Hair grow, and to cure the Itch, Scurf, and Scald Heads.

XXXVII. Spiritus Vini Scu­cinatus, Spirit of Wine with Amber.

Bate.] ℞ Pouder of Amber ℥iv. Alcohol of Spirit of Wine ℥xij. mix and distil in B. M. S. A. It is Cephalick, or good against Diseases of the Head, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. The method how you are to perform this, we have exactly shewed in Our Pharmacopoeia Londinen­sis, lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 39. to which I refer you. It is much pleasanter than Oyl of Am­ber, and in my opinion more subtil and piercing, and there­fore of greater efficacy. § 2. You may also do it after this manner: ℞ Of the best re­ctified Spirit of Wine (three or four times drawn off from the best volatile Sal Armoniack, or rather digested six Months thereon) lb ij. Oyl of Amber of the first d [...]wing ℥ij. mix, digest two or three days, and then draw them off together in a Glass Body; so will you have the Potestates Succini, of admirable subtilty. § 3. This Medicine is good for all that the Oyl is good for, and may be given inwardly a­gainst Vapours, Hysterick Fits, and all Distempers of the Head, Nerves, and Womb. Outwardly to bathe with, it cures Palsies, Numbness, Cramps, Convulsions, Pains, Aches, Sciatica's and Gouts, proceeding from a cold cause, in what part of the Body so­ever. Dose à gut. 30. ad 60.

XXXVIII. Spiritus Vini Tar­tarisatus, Spirit of Wine tartarised.

Bate.] Take Salt of Tartar ℥iv. Alcohol of Spirit of Wine lb ij. mix and distil in B. M. It is Scorbutick, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. The intenti­on of this Prescription is per­fectly [Page 89]to deflegmate the Spi­rit of Wine, not that the Spi­rit of Wine receives any great matter from the Salt of Tar­tar, forasmuch as they are two distinct Substances not easily miscible. § 2. The Spirit of Wine will also be deflegmated, if you put the Salt of Tartar into it, and di­gest it therein for some time, as eight or ten days, without any thing of distillation: for the Flegm will dissolve the Salt, and mix with it, lying at the bottom like a heavy Oyl, the Spirit perfectly de­phlegmated swimming on the top, which you may decant off, or separate with a Funnel. § 3. You may also deflegmate it with the purest and best Pot-ashes, (which are almost all Salt) af­ter the same manner, for the Salt of the Pot-ashes imbibing the phlegmatick part of the Spirit, the pure subtil, vola­tile Spirit will swim a top as before, which may in like manner be decanted off for use; [...]or is it in the least inferiour to the former, § 4. I made once an Experiment, by long digesting rectified Spirit of Wine upon Salt of Tartar, after this manner: ℞ Pure Salt of Tartar ℥j. Bone­ashes in fine Pouder ℥iij. rectifi­ed, S. V. lb ij. mix them, and digest together for a Year or more, sha­king it once a day. I then decan­ted off my Spirit, which smelt and tasted extream strong of the Salt of Tartar, which made me believe, it had ta­ken some of the substance of the Salt, and united it with its own Body. The Salt I restored carefully by Elixivi­ation, and Coagulation, &c. and found it to want ℈ij. of what it weighed before: this is matter of fact: and from hence I conclude, many great Medicines may be made by long digestion. § 5. This Spirit is seldom used simply of itself against any Disease, yet it mightily sweet­ens the Blood, chears the Spi­rits, warms the chilled Blood and Humors, dissolves Coa­gulations of the Juyces, is good against the Scurvy, and provokes Urine. § 6. But the chief intention of it is to be a Menstruum to extract the volatile, saline, and oily particles of other Bodies, chiefly from dried Vegeta­bles; not moist or green, for then their flegmy parts by mixing with the Menstruum, would so weaken it, that it would do no great feats, or what would be worth re­garding. § 7. You may al­so make a Syrup of it to have always ready, to dulci­cifie [Page 90]any Cordial Medicine with, after this manner: Sy­rupus Violatilis Tartarisatus. ℞ Spirit of Wine Tartarized lb ij. double refined Sugar, so much as it will dissolve over a gentle heat: being mixt and dissolved, keep it close stopt for use. You will find it much better in practise than the cold flegmatick Syrups of the Shops: and if you please you may Aromatize it with Cina­mon, and other Spices as you see fit, by digesting them grosly bruised, or whole, in the Tartarized Spirit, before it is made into a Syrup.

XXXIX. Spiritus Viperarum, Spirit of Vipers.

Bate.] It is distilled from dried Vipers in the same man­ner as you distil Spirit of Harts-horn, reserving the vo­latile Salt. It penetrates in the highest degree, resists putrefaction, and opens Ob­structions through the whole Body; it overcomes Feavers, chiefly Quartan Agues. Dose gut. iv. ad. x.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Vipers Flesh dried and shred small, q. v. put it into an earthen Retort, or a glass one coated, place it in a close Reverberato­ry with a large Receiver, lute the Juncture well, and distil first with a very gentle Fire to warm the Retort, driving out the Flegm drop by drop; when no more drops fall, in­crease the Fire by little and little, so will the Spirit come forth, filling the Receiver with white Clouds, and afterwards a black Oyl, and the volatile Salt sticking to the sides of the Receiver. Continue the Fire till no more comes, then cool and unlute, shaking about the Receiver a little, to loosen the volatile Salt from the sides: Put all into a Bolt-head, with its Alembick, and a small Receiver, luting the Joynts with a wet Bladder, then di­stil in Sand with a gentle Fire, so will the volatile Salt sublime to the top of the Bolt-head, which separate and keep in a Glass well stopt, for use. § 2. What remains in the Bolt-head filter through brown Paper, so will the Flegm and Spirit pass through, leaving the Oyl be­hind. This Spirit and Flegm put into an Alembick, and draw off about half the Liquor (which is the subtil Spirit) in a Vaporous Bath, which keep close stopt for use, casting a­way the Flegm. § 3. Rol­fincius advises to take the dryed Flesh, with the dried Hearts, Livers, Heads, and Tails, and to distil as afore­said, [Page 91]with degrees of Fire; so will you have Spirit, Oyl, and volatile Salt, the Salt sticking to the neck and sides of the Receiver. The Spirit you must separate from the Oyl, by filtration, as before, through double brown Paper. Then you may mix the Salt with the Spirit, and in a Glass Body & Alembick rectifie the Salt, making it to ascend with a very gentle Fire to the head of the Alembick white and pure. This head is then immediately to be taken off, and another put on, and the distillation to be continued till the Spirit is drawn off, as before directed. See my Phar­macopoeia Londinensis, lib. 2. cap. 5. sect. 24. § 12. and Do­ron Medicum, lib. 1. cap. 25. §. 138. § 4. The farther preparation of the volatile Salt, with its several Virtues and Uses, we shall pretermit here, and refer you to its proper place in the Chapter of Salts following. The black Oyl here, is so fetid and stink­ing, that it is not to be used either outwardly or inward­ly, except only in the case of Hysterick Fits, to be smelt to. § 5. But if you prepare it with Spirit of Nitre after this manner following, it will be a most excellent Medicine, and not much inferiour to the Salt. ℞ Of the black fetid Oyl of Vipers ℥iv. Spirit of Nitre ℥viij. mix and digest two days: then add thereto of the best rectified Spirit of Wine ℥xij. filter through brown Pa­per, and keep it for use. § 6. Thus have you a most excel­lent Medicine, and one of the most abominable scents upon Earth, made one of the greatest Fragrancies in the whole World: it may be gi­ven from gut. xij. ad xxx. in Wine, or any other proper Liquor against fainting of the Spirits, Weakness, Consum­ptions, Epilepsies, Apople­xies, and in a word, against all Diseases the volatile Spirit or volatile Salt are prevalent against. § 7. Now in the distillation of Vipers this is to be noted, that the Recei­ver must be large, that the Spirits may circulate with the greater ease, and the Fire gentle and gradual, least the too hasty rushing forth of the Spirit should break the Ves­sels. § 8. And whereas in the first distillation the Flegm comes first, before the Spirit, Oyl, and Salt; yet in the se­cond distillation or rectifica­tion the Volatile Salt rises first, and the Flegm remains last: in performing of which operations, the neck of the Vesica or Bolt-head must be [Page 92]very high, that the volatile Salt may ascend pure; for if any Flegm should rise with it, it would liquifie it, and turn it into Spirit. § 9. In rectification of the Spirit of Vipers, to clear it from its Flegm; if you should let the Liquor continue distilling never so little longer than it should do, the Flegm will rise after the Spirit, and make the Spirit look whitish; but being kept together for about a Month, or somewhat lon­ger, they will mix perfectly together, and become clear: the reason of this whiteness is from a small quantity of Oyl ascending with the Spirit, which coming to be mixt with never so small a quanti­ty of Flegm, always gives a white colour. § 10. This Spirit is one of the best Me­dicines in the whole Art of Physick; it is prevalent a­gainst Plague or Pestilence, and all sorts of malignant Fevers and Agues the French-Pox, Consumptions of all sorts, Poyson, Bitings of Vi­pers, Serpents, mad Dogs, or any other venemous Crea­ture: It is a stupendious Re­medy against the Epilepsie, Apoplexy, Palsie, Numbness, Tremblings, Lethargy, and Hysterick Fits. It is good against all Stoppages of the Head and Brain, and cures Asthma's, Pleurisies, Obstru­ctions of the Lungs, as also all old and new Coughs, and other Diseases of the Breast and Lungs. It strengthens the Stomach, helps Digestion, opens all Obstructions of the Liver, Spleen, and Bowels, dissolves the Congelation, or Stagnation of the Blood, and is one of the greatest Sudori­ficks in the World. Dose à gut. xx. ad xl. in Carduus, or Angelica-water, or Spirit of Saffron, or Cinamon-water § 11. Lemery makes a Sudo­rifick-water of Vipers thus: ℞ Live Vipers cut them into pieces, and put them alive into a large Earthen, or Glass Body, with its Head and Receiver, lute well the Joynts, and distil in B. M. to dryness. This Water (containing some part of the volatile Salt) is Sudo­rifick, and may be given à ʒj. ad ℥ss. in any sit Liquor. The dried pieces of Vipers may be distilled as before, from whence you will have Spirit, Oyl, and volatile Salt in like manner. § 12. Le Febure's Spirituous Essence of Vipers: ℞ Dried Harts and Livers of Vipers ℥iij. Alcohol of S. V. so much as to over-top them six inches; put them in­to a double Glass, lute it and digest in B. V. with a very gen­tle [Page 93]heat for four days: then in B. M. distil with a slow Fire to driness; cohobating three times: to every ℥x. of this Spi­rit put ℥i. of the volatile Salt of Vipers; Ambergrise essenti­ficated ʒ j. Oyl of Cinnamon, Oyl of Lemon-peel, A. ʒ ss. mix all, and circulate in a Pellican for eight days, and keep it close stopt for use. § 13. This essentificated Spirit of Vipers has all the Virtues of the vola­tile Salt, and this advantage over and above, that it may better be preserved, being one of the best and noblest Anti­dotes in the World, worthy the Closets of the greatest of Princes. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈ij. in a little Wine. § 14. Spi­ritus Viperarum acovisticus▪ ℞ Vipers Flesh dried, cut it into bits, and bruise it well, q. v. affuse thereon so much rectified S. V. as may over-top it six inches. Digest in a very gentle heat, till all, or most of the substance is turned into an oily or spirituous Liquor, which keep close stopt for use. It wonderfully helps in deaf­ness, curing those that have been deaf a long time: this was the Secret of a Noble­man of Germany, and his chiefest Medicine, by which (it is reported) he cured such as are born deaf: It is used by dropping it warm into the Ears.

XL. Ros Vitrioli, Dew of Vi­triol.

Bate.] It is drawn forth from crude white Vitriol, by the heat of a boyling B. M. S. A. It is good against a violent pain of the head, and adu­stion of blood, and strengthens the Viscera. Dose ʒij, &c. continuing it for some time.

Salmon.] § 1. Sala was the first that took notice of this Medicine, and after him o­ther Authors. We placed it among the Spirits, altho' it is a Phlegm. 1. Because it con­tains a part of the volatile Spirit of Vitriol, which is in it. 2. Because it is previous in making of the said volatile Spirit, which follows next after. § 2. Le Febure makes it thus: ℞ Pure Vitriol. q. s. put it into a broad mouthed Cu­curbit eight inches high, with its Limbeck-head and Receiver, and in a boyling B. M. distil till no more will come over. It is given in Broth or other fit Liquor against the Megrim, and other pains of the Head, &c. § 3. According to Marg-grave, thus: ℞ Pure green Vitriol, put it into a Glass Cu­curbit, and distil in B. M. so long as any thing will come forth, which will be done in twenty four hours time. This, [Page 94]says Marg-grave, is the Spiri­tus Vitrioli verus Paracelsi, which refrigerates, opens, re­sists putrefaction, extinguish­es Fevers, and cures the Fal­ling-sickness. Dose ʒij.

XLI. Spiritus Vitrioli, Spirit of Vitriol.

Bate.] Distil Vitriol cal­cin'd from Sand, and separate the Spirit from the Flegm▪ S. A. In strengthning the Ventricle, repressing Fevers, quenching Thirst, allaying Inflamations, &c. it is a Secret. Dose so much as may make the Liquor pleasantly acid, and not set the Teeth on edge.

Salmon.] § 1. In our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 78. you have the Colledge's way of distilling this Spirit and Oyl, with our Annotations thereon, which in that respect are enough: but by reason several Men have several ways or methods of doing the same, from whence new Observations may arise, and that they are also equally necessary to be known to the ingenious Physician, we shall take the pains here to relate them. § 2. From Marg-gra­vius. ℞ Vitriol calcined and poudred lb x. put it into a strong earthen Retort, or a glass one well covered with lute; di­stil in an open Fire for twenty four hours, so will you have Flegm and Spirit come over together: which by rectifica­tion you must separate: then change your Receiver, and di­stil with a Reverberating Fire for twenty four hours more, so will you have a most potent and strong Oyl, which is the Oleum Vitrioli verum Paracel­si; which being mixt with Water will make an Efferve­scence. § 3. Now here is to be noted, that in the begin­ning of this distillation, the Fire ought to be small for the first six or eight hours, this brings off the Flegm: then it ought to be increased by de­grees to the second and third degree of Reverberation for eight hours more, and then urged for the next eight hours to the fourth degree, so have you Spirit and Flegm in one mass together, which (as I said before) by rectification are to be separated: lastly, for the other twenty four hours, the Fire is continued in that same fourth degree for eliciting the Oyl of Para­celsus. § 4. From this vehement strong Oyl, by means of Wa­ter, and other Liquors, a white Substance may be precipita­ted, which by fusion or melt­ing will turn into Copper. [Page 95]§ 5. According to Maets thus: ℞ English or Hungarian Vi­triol calcined to whiteness, put it in grose pouder or bits into an earthen Retort, distil in an open Fire first with a gentle heat, so have you Flegm with a vola­tile Spirit: then increase the Fire till the Retort grows red hot, so have you the volatile a­cid Spirit. At length urge the Fire to the fourth and last degree, so have you the red Oyl of Vitriol of Paracelsus, won­derfully corrosive; continue the Fire in this degree for twenty four hours, till all the Oyl is come forth. All being cool­ed, take what is distilled, put it into a Cucurbit with a long neck, and with a most gentle Fire abstract the volatile Spi­rit of Vitriol: what remains at bottom put into a Retort, and with a moderate Fire draw forth the Flegm; then the acid Spirit of Vitriol, lea­ving the ponderous corrosive Oyl at bottom. § 6. Le Mort's Oleum Vitrioli martis. ℞ Vitriol of Iron lb v. calcined and poudred put it into a Retort so as it may not be above half full, (which thing you ought to observe in the former) add a large Receiver, luting the Joynt well, and then distil: Flegm comes first, then the Spirit and Oyl, the sign of which is, that the Recipient will be full of white Vapours: continue the Fire in the highest degree; so in the space of eight hours you will have a pound of Oyl or more, according to the goodness of the Vitriol. § 7. Now to rectifie this, put all into a glass Retort, and distil first with a gentle Fire, so will a little Flegm come forth, with a sulphurous volatile Spirit: next comes forth the acid Spi­rit, leaving the most sharp Oyl, like limpid Water in the bottom. § 8. In this ope­ration you must note, that if your Vitriol be not well cal­cined, you will have so much the more Flegm, and it will need so much the more recti­fication: besides, in the first distillation it will endanger the breaking of the Vessels. § 9. That the Vitriol of Mars yields more Oyl, and less of the volatile Spirit, whereas the Vitriol of Venus yields a much less plenty of Oyl, and a far greater quantity of a most grateful Spirit, like Spi­rit of Sulphur per Campanum. § 10. That the whole quan­tity of Oyl of Vitriol may ac­cording to Le Mort be con­verted into Spirit after this manner: ℞ Oyl of Vitriol ℥j. Common Water ℥iv. mix, and put them into a glass Re­tort, distil in Sand, and the Flegm will come forth; then a [Page 96]volatile Spirit, leaving a hea­vy Oyl in the bottom, a third, or at least a quarter part di­minished: Repeat the distil­lation, by mixing more Water with the Oyl, and so often re­peat this work till the whole Oyl is converted into Spirit. § 11. Le Febure having drawn off his Ros Vitrioli from the crude Vitriol, so long till no more will come, as we have already taught, places the Cucurbit in a Sand heat, with an Alembick Head and Re­ceiver, and increases the Fire till the Head of the Alembick is filled with white Vapours, and continues it till no more drops of Liquor will fall from it: this acid Liquor he also saves, being a Flegm of Vitriol mixed with some of the volatile Spirit, which, says he, is not to be despised, for thô it has but little acidity in it, yet it partic [...]pates of the volatile, aperitive, and ano­dyn Virtue of the Vitriol, which makes it successfully used for cleansing the Reins, and healing all inward Cor­rosions, quenches Thrist in Feavers, and provokes Urine abundantly. If you add a little Saccharum Saturni to it, it will take away Inflamati­ons, Pains, and sharpness of the Eyes, heal malignant Ul­cers in them, they being washt with it warm. And a little Sal Tartari being mixt with it, it takes away itching of the skin, and heals, scabs. § 12. Then he proceeds to making the acid Spirit and Corrosive Oyl thus: ℞ The matter last left in the Cucur­bit, beat it into a gross Pouder, put it into an earthen or glass Retort well luted, place it in a close Reverberatory, with a ca­pacious Receiver, well luting the Juncture, give a gradual Fire, as in distilling Spirit of Salt, but higher and longer, with the flame of dry Wood for the space of three days and nights without ceasing, viz. till the Receiver (filled with white Clouds and Vapours in the distilling) grows clear: the distilled Liquorice put into a glass Retort, and distil in Sand with a gradual Fire, till the drops begin to fall, which taste from time to time, to change the Recipient as soon as you perceive them to have an acidity: having drawn off two parts of the Liquor, remove the Fire, so have you three several Liquors. 1. An almost insipid Liquor, con­taining the volatile Spirit with a sulphurous smell. 2. A plea­sant acid Liquor, called the acid Spirit of Vitriol. 3. The remaining Oyl in the Retort, which you may purifie by fil­trating [Page 97]it through Glass beat­en into fine Pouder, (for it would corrode all other sub­stances) commonly called Oyl of Vitriol. § 13. Le Febure's sweet Spirit of Vitriol. ℞ Vi­triol calcin'd between yellow and red lb iij. put it into a Cu­curbit in Pouder, add Spirit of Vinegar so much as to reduce it to a paste: stir without cea­sing putting in still new Spirit of Vinegar, till it is three in­ches high: put the Cucurbit into B. Vaporoso, cover it with a blind head, and digest in a gentle heat for three whole days: the fourth day decant the Vinegar, and add more fresh Spirit in the room of it; digest again three days and de­cant; thus proceed seven times, every time adding fresh Spirit of Vinegar: at length filtrate all the Spirit or Tincture, put it into a Cucurbit in Ashes, and draw off the superfluous Menstruum by distillation with a slow and gradual Fire, till the Magma is as thick as Ho­ney: this make into a mass with calcin'd Pebbles, which put into a Retort, and with a gradual Fire, in twenty four or thirty hours space, draw off an Oyl and Spirit, which rectifie in a Glass Retort in Sand, and keep it for use. § 14. This Spirit or Oyl, is of a plea­sant sweetish taste, having in it the Virtues of the Vitriol, mixt with those of the Spirit of Vinegar. It may be given in all Diseases proceeding from a Tartarous matter, as the Stone, Gravel, Scurvy, Gout, Rheumatism, Catarrhs, French Pox, and generally in all Di­seases proceeding from gross and sharp Serosities, as Le­prosie, Scabs, Herpes, Itch, Tettars, Ring-worms, &c. for this wonderful Spirit rectifies the whole Mass of Blood, by Urine, Sweat, and insensible transpiration. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈ij. in Broth, Decoctions, or Wine, or some appropriated Syrup. § 15. Charras after he has drawn his Ros Vitrioli, and acid Water following it in a Sand heat, Takes the Vi­triol in the Cucurbit, beats it into Pouder, and fills an ear­then Retort three quarters full with a large Receiver, and in a close Reverberatory with a gradual Fire increas'd to the utmost violence, draws forth the Spirit. § 16. This Spirit he rectifies, by putting it into a glass Cucurbit covered with its Head and Receiver, di­stilling in Sand first with a gentle heat, by which the vo­latile, subtil, penetrating, sul­phurous Spirit is drawn off, and kept in a Glass close stopt by it self: then continu­ing the Fire the Flegm arises: [Page 98]after that, an acid Spirit, lea­ving at the bottom of the Cucurbit the heavy Spirit, commonly called Oyl of Vi­triol. § 17. According to Rolfincius: ℞ Roman Vitriol lb xxv. calcine to whiteness, and the absumption of its humidity, the Vessels being cold, take the mass, which will be about lb xiv. and put it into an earthen Re­tort in a Reverberatory Fur­nace, with a large Receiver, observing degrees of Fire for the space of three or four days, till all the Spirit and Oyl is come over, which rectifie in a Cucurbit, separating the Spi­rit, Flegm, and Oyl, as before directed. § 18. Zwelfer says, That the Retort is to be fil­led not above half full, and that the Receiver ought to be long, and have a large neck, because of the violence and impetuosity with which the Spirits come forth; that the Fire is to be very gentle while the Flegm is a coming forth, which ought to distil drop by drop, for the space of ten or twelve hours: then the Fire by degrees being in­creased, white Clouds will break or come forth, which will fill the Retort, and Re­ceiver also; and that this di­stillation is to be continued with the highest violence of the Fire for the space of two days, till the whole radical humidity, viz. Spirit and Oyl (improperly so called) are come forth, and all the said white Clouds cease to appear. § 19. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Vitriol calcined to whiteness lb viij. put it into an earthen Retort, so as to fill it about three quarters full: place it in a close Reverberatory, with a very large Receiver: give a very small Fire to make the Flegm come forth which re­mained yet in the Vitriol. When no more will come off, take off the Recipient, decant the Flegm, (which is used for Inflamations of the Eyes) and refit the Recipient again to the Retort, luting the Juncture; increase the Fire gradatim, and when you see white Clouds to fill the Receiver, continue it in the same condition till the Re­ceiver grows cold, then streng­then the Fire with Wood to an extream violence, till the flame rises through the Funnel of the Reverberatory: the Receiver will then fill again with white Clouds; now continue the Fire in this degree, for the space of three days and nights, letting it then go out. § 20. The Vessels being cold, decant the Spirit into a glass Body, set it in Sand, and immedi­ately fit to it a Head with its Receiver, and distil with a [Page 99]very gentle Fire four or five Ounces; this is the Sulphu­rous Spirit of Vitriol, which keep by itself in a Glass close stopt. Change the Receiver, and augmenting the Fire di­stil about half the Liquor which remains; this is the a­cid Spirit of Vitriol. That which yet remains in the glass Body is the most acid part of the Vitriol, and is called Oyl, thô improperly, and may be used like the a­cid Spirit in continual Fea­vers, and other Distempers which proceed from a vio­lent heat. In the bottom of the Retort remains the Caput Mortuum, which is called Colcothar, out of which is eli­cited the Sal Vitrioli, The Sty­ptick Water of Rabel, and Ens Veneris. § 21. As to the choice of the Vitriol, Lemery advises to take green English Vitriol, such as (saith he) be­ing rubbed upon Iron, does not at all change colour, which shews that it does not partake of Copper, as the German does, that looks a lit­tle blewish, and is more acri­monious. § 22. There comes also a great deal of Flegm into the Receiver, which is known to be all come off, when there drops no more. When the volatile sulphurous Spirits come, you must then be very careful of the Fire, for they come with a great deal of violence, and will break the Retort, if driven too furiously. They being come forth, you must then augment the Fire to the high­est and last degree of all, for the acid Spirit will not part with its Earth, unless forced by an extraordinary heat. § 23. From lbviij. of Vitriol calcin'd (sixteen Ounces to the pound) you will have of Flegm ℥xvij. of the volatile sulphurous Spirit, and acid Spirit together ℥xxiiss. of which twenty two Ounces and half, there will be of the volatile sulphurous Spirit about four or five Ounces: and in the Retort you will have lbv.℥v. of Colcothar. § 24. That if you use German Vi­triol instead of English, you may have a little more Spirit than the proportion named, by reason of the Copper par­ticles contained in the Vitriol, it would smell something like A F. and the matter remain­ing in the Retort would be of a brown or darker colour. § 25. That no other Body is added to Vitriol in distillati­on, as in the distillation of Nitre, because its own Body contains Earth enough. § 26. That the Furnace ought to be very thick, that the heat of [Page 100]the Fire being little or none of it lost through the pores, may the better act upon the Retort. § 27. That some in distilling Vitriol continue the Fire for four or five days together: and that if it should be continued for three or four days longer, there would come forth a congeal­ed Oyl of Vitriol, and Cau­stick, which is nothing but the more fixt part of the Spi­rit of Vitriol, or common Oyl. § 28. That all acid Spirits are only salts made fluid by force of Fire, they thereby being disengaged for their terrestious parts; and that they may again be revi­ved by affusing them upon some proper Alcali. Thus Spirit of Vitriol put upon Iron, and remaining there some time, does reincorporate in­to Vitriol. And Spirit of Ni­tre, put upon Salt of Tartar, makes again Saltpeter. § 29. That the Caustick nature of the Oyl of Vitriol, and its fiery Corrosion, pro­ceeds from a repletion of the mineral Salt with fiery parti­cles, without which it could never burn nor heat any for­reign matter put into it. § 30. If into a Tincture of Violets, or of the Sun-flower, you drop Sp. Vitrioli, it will presently make it red; put into it Ol. Tartari, or of Pot­ashes, and it will recover its former colour again. Con­trariwise, put to the said Tincture Oyl of Tartar, or Spirit of Sal Armoniack, and the blew Tincture will pre­sently turn green; put then into it a little Sp. Vitrioli, and it will be an obscure red. A Tincture of red Roses in warm fair Water, will be very weak and mean; if thereinto you drop a little Spirit of Vitriol, it will im­mediately be of a high red: drop into it afterwards Ol. Tartari, it will become of a dirty black. § 31. So also, a decoction of Brazil, Log­wood, or Brazilletto, being very red, if you drop into it Spirit of Vitriol, it turns it yellow; and then if you add Volatile Spirit of Sal Armoni­ack, it will become black: if also you drop Oyl of Tartar into Claret, it becomes gree­nish, but adding a little Spi­rit of Vitriol it returns to its former colour again, &c. Now all these changes of co­lour made by these differing Salts, do really arise only from the different position of the particles of Bodies dissol­ved in the Liquor, and their disposition to modifie and re­present the light several and different ways. § 32. Some [Page 101]Authors put Vitriol into a Glass Cucurbit in an Ash heat, covered with its Head and Re­ceiver, and well luting the Junctures, with a moderate heat they draw off the Flegm and acid Spirit, or Ros Vi­trioli, as much as they can force to ascend; then they co­hobate the distilled Liquor up­on the Paeces, distilling and co­hobating seven or eight times and redoubling the heat in the last distillation, they at length draw forth a Flegm mixt with much acid Spirit, which is of a very grateful odour, being cir­culated in a Sand heat with a Fire of digestion, in a Glass well closed. § 33. The Vir­tues of the volatile sulphurous Spirit of Vitriol. It is good against Palsies, Asthma's, and Diseases of the Lungs, it also dissipates pains of the Head, eases the Megrim, and cures the Epilepsy, and Apoplexy, and indeed most Diseases of the Head, Nerves, Breast, and Lungs, it opens, cuts, at­tenuates, absterges, resolves viscous humors, resists putre­faction, and heals Ulcers of the Lungs, and Spitting Blood. But, saith Rolfincius, Non pos­sidet omnes enumeratas virtu­tes primario & ex se, sed mul­tas secundariò ex accidente. In Diseases of the Head from a hot cause it is taken in a cold Vehicle, as Aqua Rosa­rum, &c. but in Diseases from a cold cause, in a hot Vehicle, as the Spirituous Water of Rosemary, Sage, Lavender, &c. It prevails against a Vertigo, and is gi­ven against an Apoplexy in Apoplectick Waters, as that of the Tile-tree, Lillies of the Valley, &c. against a Phren­sie, in Syrup of Poppies, or Tincture of the same: against the Falling-sickness, in Lime-flower, or Peony-water, &c. against Convulsions, in Sage Water. In Diseases of the Breast, in Water, Tincture, or Decoction of Veronica, or Elecampane. Against Disea­ses of the Stomach in Mint or Cinamon-Water. Against the Dropsie in some Diuretick Water, as of Pars [...]y, Arsmart, Onions, &c. Against the Co­lick in Water or Tincture of Zedoary, or Juniper-Berries, against the Stone in the Reins or Bladder in the last afore­mentioned-Waters, or in Strawberry, or Saxifrage-Water. Against putrid and burning Feavers, and to quench Thirst in Sorrel Wa­ter, or Julepo Rosaceo. A­gainst malign Feavers in Wa­ter of Goats Rue, Angelica, &c. § 34. The Virtues of the acid Spirit of Vitriol. It is Diuretick, Diaphoretick, A­peritive, [Page 102]and Inciding, resists Putrefaction, and allays In­flamations, wherefore it is of great force against all burn­ing Feavers, occasioned by putrid and malignant Hu­mours, as also against Ob­structions of the Liver, Spleen, and Mesentery; it restores Appetite when lost, streng­thens the Faculties of the Sto­mach, correcting its defects It eases the Tooth-ache, if mixt with White-wine, and held in the mouth: and if mixt with Water or Juyce of Celandine, it cures the Scurf, Scab, and Scald of the Head, by washing it therewith, de­stroying it in its root, and killing that sharp, acid, cor­rosive and malign humour which causes it: in a word, it is a perfect Cure for the Scurvy, and a most admira­ble thing given dietetically a­gainst a Gonorrhoea, and the Reliques of the French Di­sease: I speak by the Experi­ence I have had of it in ma­ny Patients, in those Diseases. § 35. The Virtues of the Cor­rosive Oyl of Vitriol: Le Mort, and most other Authors, say, it is not given inwardly, by reason of its corrosive and catheretic quality, &c. but now with us it is daily given as the acid Spirit, being mixt with fit and appropriate Ve­hicles, and has all the same medical Virtues. Authors say, it is improperly called Oyl, for that it is neither in­flamable nor unctuous; but if differing Substances, many have principles of differing forms, I know not why it may not more properly be called Oyl, than Spirit; and forasmuch as all mixt Bodies are composed of Earth, Wa­ter, Salt, Oyl, and Spirit, there is no reason, that Me­tals and Minerals should be exempted from being repleat with a respective Oyl also. Lemery says, it may be used like the acid Spirit in conti­nual Feavers, and other Di­stempers that are accompa­nied with a virulent heat. It is also used in Chymical O­perations, as for the dissolu­tion of Metals, fixing of Spi­rit, and many other Alchy­mical Secrets; and accord­ing to Helmont, is the chief Ingredient in the Lapis But­leri. It is a most admira­ble Catheretick in sordid and rebellious Ulcers, for that in a moment it puts a stop to the putrefaction, and puts a period to the eating, &c. § 36. The Dose. The volatile sul­phurous Spirit may be given à gut. viij. ad x. or xx. ac­cording to Age and Strength. As for the acid Spirit, and [Page 103]the Oyl, there is no better way to limit the Dose, than by putting in so much, or so many drops into the Vehicle, till the sharpness be pleasing to the Palate. All these Spi­rits of Vitriol are good to kill Worms, have a peculiar faculty to stop internal fluxes of Blood, to cool Inflamati­ons of the Eyes, or any other part, and to resist and destroy the malignity of Plague or Pestilence, and all other ma­lign Feavers, as also the pu­trefaction proceeding from the Bitings of Vipers, Rattle-Snakes, Mad Dogs, or any o­ther venemous Creature, in­wardly given as before di­rected, and outwardly ap­plied to the Wound. § 37. A sweet green Oyl of Vitriol. ℞ Coperas Stones, q. v. beat them small, and lay them in a cool Cellar, and in twenty or thirty days they will attract the Air, and look black, and after fourteen days more be­come whitish and sweetish, then dissolve them in distilled Rain-water, filter and evaporate the Water, so will they shoot into green Crystals: these beat small and dissolve in a Cellar per deliquium, by laying them on a marble stone. This is a kind of oily Liquor, which some Authors affirm to be Para­celsus's famous Medicine for the Falling-sickness, a few drops being taken in any appropriate Liquor. Beware in making, that the Liquor comes at no strong Fire; for then, saith Paracelsus, it loses its greenness, and as much as it loses of that, so much it loses of its virtue: from this Liquor a Spirit may be drawn by an ingenious Ar­tist, which will smell like Musk or Ambergrise.

XLII. * Spiritus Vitrioli Coa­gulatus, Spirit of Vitriol coagulated.

Bate.] ℞ Salt of Sorrel ℥j. Spirit of Vitriol ℥iss. mix and coagulate S. A. It is a Secret in strengthning the Ventricle or Stomach extinguishing Fe­vers, quenching Thirst, al­laying Inflamations, &c. Dose, so much in any convenient Liquor, as that the Teeth may not be set on edge. See Mynsicht.

Salmon.] § 1. It is done as we have directed in the Spi­rit of Salt coagulated, at Sect. 28. § 1. aforegoing: save, that instead of the Salt of Wormwood there used, here is used Salt of Sorrel; which (saith Mynsicht, Sect. 1. pag. 32.) is even a Divine Medicament and of the great­est efficacy in Medical Pra­ctice, [Page 104]as Experience does te­stifie. § 2. It corroborates a debilitated Ventricle, pro­motes Digestion, destroys the Essence of Feavers, cools In­flamations, and allays an ex­orbitant Thirst. It is used in all Diseases of the Head, Suffocation of the Womb, Stone, Jaundice, Plague, and all Epidemical Diseases, for it strongly resists their im­pression, and preserves from putrefaction. § 3. The Dose is, so much as many change the Vehicle to a pleasing aci­dity, (Universals being pro­mised) but not so much as to set the Teeth on edge. It may be given in warm Broth, or any other appropriate Ve­hicle. § 4. The Author here­of, Mynsicht, saith, That it ought not to be given to such as are troubled with Choler, or black Choler, but that such ought really to desist its use. And that it may be as well made with Sal Absinthii, as with Sal Acetosae, and that prepared with the former, it will be full as effectual as with the latter.

XLIII. Spiritus Vitrioli Dia­phoreticus, Spirit of Vitriol Diaphoretick.

Bate.] Salt of Tartar, Harts­horn calcin'd, A. ℥ij. Spirit of Vitriol ℥iv, mix and distil by a Retort to driness: to the di­stilled Liquor add an equal quantity of rectified Spirit of Wine, and keep it for use. It purifies the Blood, takes a­way Scabs and Itch, opens Obstructions, provokes Sweat in the Plague, resists and ex­pels Poyson, is good against the Dropsie, Jaundice, Con­tractions, &c. It is powerful also in cleansing the Lungs. Dose à ℈j. ad ʒss.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroder makes it after the same manner. It is an excellent thing against all burning and malignant Feavers, and where there is any Obstruction hindering free breathing. § 2. It quen­ches Thirst admirably, and the use of it may be continu­ed safely, for it is a good and innocent Medicine: it may be given as ℈ij. plus-minus, in any appropriate Liquor. See my Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 90. § 3. ℞ Of this Diaphoretick Spirit ℈ij. Spirit of Saffron ʒ iss. Aq. Lactis A­lexiteriae ℥ij, Syr, Corn Poppies ʒ iij. mix for a Sweating Dose. Or thus: ℞ Of this Spirit ʒ ij. Mixtura Simplex, Spirit of Angelica A. ʒ i. Aqua Ele­mentaria ℥ij. Syrup of Clove­gilliflowers ℥ss. mix then for a Dose.

XLIV. Spiritus Vitrioli Essen­tificatus, seu Clissus Vitrioli, Essentificated Spirit, or Pow­ers of Vitriol.

Bate.] ℞ Green Vitriol of Mars, purified by a threefold solution and crystallization, and calcined to yellowness, q. v. dis­solve it in Spirit of Vinegar, filtrate and crystallize, repeat­ing this work three times: cal­cine again to yellowness, and distil by a Retort to driness, with cohobation. Then distil with an open or naked Fire, till all the Spirits are come forth; from the Caput Mort. exposed to the Air, extract the Salt, which depurate by many Solutions, Filtrations, and Cry­stallizations. ℞ Of this Salt p.j. of the aforesaid Spirit, p.iv. mix, and extract the Tincture, by digesting it a Month, then filter and keep it for use. It expels noxious humours by insensible transpiration, pro­vokes Lust, strengthens the Womb, putting a stop to its inordinate motions, and in both Sexes it stirs up the power of the Seed for Gene­ration. Dose gut. ij. ad iv.

Salmon.] § 1. The deriva­tion of the word Clyssus is obscure, fortè [...], abluo, lavo, to wash: rectus dicetur [...], ablutio, lotio, ita, ut dignetur actio abluendi Antimonium, vel [...], flu­ctus, unda, as denoting Vio­lence, Thundering, and Effer­vescence, which is heard in the distillation of the vulgar Clyssus. § 2. The vulgar Clys­sus is threefold, The Lesser, The Mean, and The Greater. The lesser is thus made: ℞ Hungarian Antimony, and Sulphur A. lb j. as Schroder has it. The Mean is thus: ℞ Antimony, Tartar, and Nitre, A. lb ij. as Kesler has it under the Title, Liquor Compositus Pneumonicus. The Greater is thus: ℞ Antimony, Tartar, Nitre, Calx of River Pebbles, A. lb j. and some add Sal Ar­moniack. The method of the process you may see at large in our Pharmacopoeia Lond. lib. 3. cap. 8. sect. 99. in which place are many good Observations concerning the same, with their Virtues, Use, and Dose. § 3. This here is a simple preparation of Vi­triol, so [...]lled in respect that it contains all the powers of this concret, and ought not to go without its deserved applause. It rectifies the whole mass of Blood, resolves thick and tartarous slime, purifies all the Juyces of the Body, wheresoever placed; it atte­nuates, incides, and purges [Page 106]noxious Humors by the E­munctories, as also by Stool, Urine, and Sweat, § 4. You may exhibit it in Broath, or any Specifick Water, Cepha­lick, Pectoral, Splenetick, Li­thontriptick, Arthritick, &c. and may be given à gut. iij. ad viij. or x.

XLV. Spiritus Vitrioli Mar­tis, Spirit of the Vitriol of Mars or Iron.

Bate.] It is distilled from the Vitriol of Mars or Iron cal­cined, by a Retort in Sand. It opens Obstructions, cures the Green-sickness in Virgins, and the Rickets in Children, &c. Dose à gut. v. ad xv.

Salmon.] § 1. It differs nothing in the making from the com­mon Spirit of Vitriol, at Sect. 41. of this Chap. aforegoing. Also at § 6. ad 10. of the same Section, we have ex­emplified the process from that of Le Mort, with its re­ctification, and ot [...] Phaeno­mena attending it, [...]o that no more need be said thereof in this place. § 2. It is Cau­stick, and fit for the dissol­ving of Metals, for the redu­cing them into Vitriol, and to extract the Sulphurs of Minerals, reducing them to a Specifick property, as is e­vident in the Sulphur of An­timony drawn forth by the means thereof, of which God willing, we shall hereafter speak. § 3. This Spirit cools, represses the Effervescence of Choler, and admirably pro­vokes Urine. Dose à gut. ij. ad vj. in any proper Vehi­cle.

XLVI. Spiritus Vitrioli Phi­losophicus, Philosophick Spi­rit of Vitriol.

Bate.] It is made from the Water in which the Butter of Antimony is cast to be sweet­ned, by exhaling it to a third part, and rectifying it S. A. It is Cephalick, Antifebritick, and an opener of Obstructi­ons. Dose gut. v. ad xv.

Salmon.] It quenches Thirst, provokes Appetite, strengthens the Digestion, and is an ex­cellent Antiscorbutick, and Cephalick: I have known the Megrim, and vehement Head-achs cured by the con­stant use thereof, when al­most all other things had fail­ed. It is also profitably gi­ven against Vapours and Hy­sterick Fits, and other Disea­ses of the Womb. For its other Virtues, see my Phar­macopoeia Londinensis, lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 91.

XLVII. Spiritus Vitrioli Tar­tarisatus, Spirit of Vitriol tartariz'd.

Bate.] ℞ Vitriol calcin'd to whiteness. p. ij. Tartar cal­cin'd to blackness, p. j. mix them being in Pouder, and moisten them with Spirit of Wine, then distil by a Retort in Sand, and rectifie. S. A. It has an egregious power for provoking Sweat in all inter­nal Obstructions, and Con­gelations of the Blood: it is good against Scabs, and o­ther Breakings out, purifying and smoothing the skin. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒiv. in Broth or Wine for three or four Morn­ings together, as you shall see fit.

Salmon.] Besides the Vir­tues ascribed by our Author, it is an approved thing against the Rickets in Children, ha­ving strengthned and restored those who could not go nor stand for some years together. It is also prevalent against the Plague or Pestilence, and all manner of malign Feavers, given in some Antifebritick Water, Universals also being premised. See more of it in my Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 93. ℞ Of this Spi­rit ʒ ij. Centory-water, or A­qua Lactis Alexiteria ℥iij. Syr. of Clovegilliflowers ʒ iv. Tin­cture of Antimony or Coral ʒ ss. mix for▪ a Dose, against a malign Feaver.

XLVIII. † Spiritus Anisi, Spi­rit of Aniseeds.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Aniseeds lb v. bruise them well, add to them warm Rain-water lb xviij. Su­gar or Melussos lb ij. mix and ferment for some days, till it has gotten a vinous scent, then distil in an Alembick with its Worm, drawing off lb xij. of Liquor; this rectifie in a Glass Matrass in B. M. drawing off first lb iv. for Spirit of Ani­seeds, and then the remainder to driness for Ani-seed Water, or to make new Spirit with. § 2. After the same manner you may make the Spirit with Beer, Ale, Cyder, Perry, Hy­dromel, or Malmsy Wine; but these as they are stronger and have a Spirit in them­selves, so they yield a Spirit in greater quantity, according to the proportion with which they abound. § 3. A nearer way to the Wood is this: ℞ Spi­rit of Wine lb viij. Ani-seeds bruised lb iss. mix and distil in B. M. to driness: but if you distil not in B. M. but in a Copper Vesica, add Water lb iv. or vj. and distil according to Art lb viij. of Spirit. § 4. This [Page 108]Spirit is Stomatick, Cardiack, and an excellent thing against Wind, Indigestion, Griping of the Guts, Colick, and o­ther Distempers of the Bow­els proceeding from cold. It also gives relief in Asthma's, Coughs, Phthisicks, and Short­ness of Breath. Dose à ℥ij. ad iv. either alone being dul­cified, or in some proper mix­ture. ℞ Spirit of Aniseeds ʒ iij. Baum-water, Hyssop-wa­ter. A. ℥j. Syrup of Corn Pop­pies ʒ iij. mix for a Dose. § 5. Or you may distil green Aniseeds thus: ℞ Green A­niseeds lb xij. or xvj. bruise them, and put them into a great Copper Vessel tinn'd with­in: Rain-water, or distilled Aniseed-water, enough to over­top them four or six inches: fit it with its Head, Worm, and Receiver, and digest with a very gentle Fire, so much only as throughly to penetrate the Seed, for four days, or lon­ger; then begin the distilla­tion with a moderate Fire, continuing till about two thirds of the Water is drawn off, then cease. So have you a Water filled with the volatile Salt, which is the Spirit, and an Oyl swimming a top, which separate for use. § 6. What remains in the Still press out strongly, to which add as much more Ani-seeds as before; after the same manner you may proceed again, if you think fit. § 7. This Spiritu­ous Water will be white, be­cause of the small particles of Oyl which yet remain in it, which you may separate by setting the said Water in a double Glass Bottle in the Sun, close stopt, for some days; by this means the Oyl which is mixt with the Wa­ter, and gives it a whitish colour, will ascend to the top of the Water, and gather together at the neck of the Bottle, from whence you may separate it. § 8. But if you would have the Water clear without separating of the Oyl, you must add to every pint of Water, half a pint of pure rectified Spirit of Wine, so will it be pure, clear, and spirituous, § 9. Or if you design to have all in a Spirit, to every pint of the Spirit and Oyl together add a pint of pure rectified Spirit of Wine, shake them together, and unite them by a new distillation in a Glass Cucurbit in B.M. S.A. § 10. This Spirit is stomatick, cre­ates an Appetite and helps Digestion, and is Specifick gainst Wind, Colicks, dissol­ving viscous Flegm which sticks to Lungs, Stomach and Guts, causing prickings and [Page 109]tortions: It is said also to increase Milk in Nurses, com­fort the Lungs, facilitate the Birth, ease After-pains, and the sharp Gripings of little Infants, which they many times have in the Month, proceeding from acid and windy Humours. It also eases Pains and Noises in the Ears, being dropt into them. Dose à ʒss. ad ℥ss. according to age and strength.

XLIX. † Spiritus Asae Foetidae, Spirit of stinking Assa.

Salmon.] ℞ Assa Fetida lb j. put it into a large Retort big enough to hold eight times the quantity, fit to it a large Re­ceiver, and begin to distil in a Sand heat with a gentle Fire, till the danger of swelling of the Gum is over, then gradatim increase the Fire to force over the Oyl, continuing the distil­lation till the Receiver is abso­lutely clear: so will you have a flegm, and acid spirit, containing the volatile Salt of the Gum, and a thick stinking Oyl, all which you must separate and rectifie S. A. § 2. ℞ Bone Ashes ground fine lb j. put up­on them the former Substances in a Glass Cucurbit, covered with its Head well luted, and in a Sand heat with a very mo­derate Fire, draw off the Spi­rit and volatile Salt, (which ascend first,) with a very gen­tle Fire: then changing the Receiver, force over the Flegm and Spiritous Oyl; which you may separate by a filter: the Oyl you may rectifie again up­on new Bones. § 3. The Spi­rit and Oyl are both good against Epilepsies, Apoplexies, Lethargies, Palsies, Vapours, and Hysterick Fits: the sick may both smell to them, and also take them inwardly. The Spirit may be given à gut. x. ad xx. or xxx. the Oyl à gut. ij. ad iv. in any appropriate Vehicle. § 4. The Spirit may also be drawn thus: ℞ Assa Fetida in small pouder lb j. put it into a large Retort, upon which affuse Spi­rit of Wine lb iv. mix and di­gest for three of four days, sha­king the Glass three or four times a day; then having fit­ted to it a large Receiver, di­stil in a Sand heat, with a very gentle Fire at first, in­creasing it by degrees, till the spirituous and oily parts of the Assa are drawn forth. The Spirit will ascend first impre­gnated with the subtil and vo­latile Oyl; which being come over, change the Receiver, and draw off the remaining part of the thick Oyl. The Spirit keep by itself for use: The Oyl you may rectifie as before, either [Page 110]from Bone-ashes, or its equal weight of Vitriol calcin'd to whiteness, in a little Glass Re­tort in a Sand heat, with a very gentle Fire, so will the Oyl be less thick, and more pure then it was, the Vitriol or Bones retaining the thicker and earthy parts. § 5. The Spirit is given ad ʒss. the Oyl à gut. ij. ad vj. incor­coprated with fine Loaf Sugar, and then dissolved in some appropriate Liquor, a­gainst the Diseases aforemen­tioned; for which both the Spirits and Oyl are counted admirable Specificks.

L. † Spiritus Aurantiarum Corticum, Spirit of Orange-peels.

Salmon.] ℞ The outward Rinds of Oranges fresh, and cut into bits lb iv. Spirit of Wine lb viij. mix and digest a Week; then in B. M: with a gentle heat draw off the Spi­rit to driness, which you may cohobate twice or thrice, so will you have a pure and subtil Spirit of Orange-peels very odo­riferous, and of great Virtues. § 2. Or thus: ℞ Orange-peels, ut supra lb iv. Wine lb xx. mix and digest a week, then distil in a Copper Vesica with its Worm: draw off lb vj. which is Spirit of Orange-peels: then changing the Re­ceiver, draw off lb vj. or vij. more, which keep for Orange-water, or reserve to make more Spirit with as afore directed. § 3. Or thus: ℞ Orange-peels, ut supra lb iv. Water lb xx. Melussos or Sugar lb v. mix, ferment gently till it has a vinous scent; then in a Cop­per Vesica, with its Head and Worm, draw off the Spirit: the first lb vj. is Spirit of O­range-peels: change the Recei­ver, and draw off lbviij. of Water, which you may keep to make other Spirit with. § 4. It is an excellent Cephalick, Stomatick, Cardiack, and Ne­phritick, good against the E­pilepsy, Apoplexy, Lethargy, Vertigo, Megrim, and other vehement Head-achs: It strengthens the Stomach, cau­ses a good Digestion, expels Wind, comforts all the Spi­rits natural, vital, and ani­mal, and admirably pro­vokes Urine, removing all stoppages in the urinary parts. It comforts the Womb, and is said to help Conception. Dose ℥ss. in the Morning fa­sting, or when the Stomach is sick, or Bowels griped. It is also the Plague, and all infectious Diseases.

LI. † Spiritus Cinamomi, Spirit of Cinamon.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Bruised Cinamon lb j. White-wine a Gallon: digest twenty four hours in a warm B. M. then di­stil in an Alembick S. A. drawing off the first lb iij. for Spirit, and a quart more for Cinamon-water. § 2. Or thus: ℞ Bruised Cinamon lb j. recti­fied Spirit of Wine lb viij. di­gest three or four days, and in a gentle B.M. distil off the Spi­rit to driness. § 3. It is a most admirable Cordial Wa­ter, comforts all the principal Parts, as Head, Heart, Sto­mach, Nerves, Lungs, Liver, Spleen, and Womb; it opens Obstructions, attenuates thick Humors, and is an excellent Preservative in Pestilential Times, against the Infection of the Plague, and other ma­lign Diseases: it prevails a­gainst Faintings, Palpitations of the Hea [...], sickness at Sto­mach, and other Diseases of like kind. Dose ʒij. ad ʒiv. in any fit Vehicle. § 4. Or you may give it alone being thus dulcified: ℞ Damask Rose-water lb ij. treble refined Sugar. lb iij. mix, melt, and make a Syrup, which add to lb ij. of the Spirit. Dose ij. or iij. spoonfuls. § 5. ℞ An­gelica or Borrage-water ℥iv. Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers ℥iss. Spirit of Cinamon ℥ij. Tin­cture of Ambergrise and Musk, gut. 10. mix for a Cordi­al, Dose ij. or iij. spoonfuls at a time. ℞ Spirit of Ci­namon ʒ ij [...] Spirit of Peony ʒ iss. Volatile Spirit of Vitriol, gut. 20. Peony-water ℥ij. Syrup of Citron-peels ʒ vj. mix for a Dose against the Epilepsy.

LII. † Spiritus Foeniculi dul­cis, Spirit of sweet Fennel-seeds.

Salmon.] § 1. It is made as we have taught you to make Spirit of Aniseeds at Sect. 48. § 1, 2, 3, 5, 6. afore­going. § 2. It breeds Milk in Nurses, is good against the Colick, Gripings at Sto­mach, and Oppression of Wind in the Bowels; it is also a singular good Pectoral and Stomatick, opening Ob­structions of the Lungs, cau­sing free Breathing, and to take away Coughs, Colds, Wheezings, Hoarseness, &c. Dose á ʒj ad iv. ℞ Spirit of Sweet Fennel-seeds ʒ iiss. Hyssop-water ℥ij. Tincture of Liquorice ʒ j. Syrup of Red Poppies ℥ss. mix for a Dose, for the purposes aforesaid.

LIII. Spiritus Guajaci, Spi­rit of Guajacum, or Pock­wood.

Salmon.] § 1. There are several ways to distil the Spi­rit of Guajacum, of which the two following are chief: ℞ Raspings of Guajacum, q. v. so much as may fill your Vessel two thirds full, pour upon it Rain-water, so much as may nearly fill the Vessel, and with Sugar make it to ferment eight or ten days: Or, ℞ Raspings of Guajacum, q. v. put upon them White-wine, or other Ʋrine q. s. digest forty eight hours: Or, ℞ Raspings, q. v. Spirit of Wine, Water A. q. s. mix and digest: put all into a Copper Vesica tinn'd with­in, with its Alembick-Head tinn'd within, its Worm, and Receiver: distil first with a gentle Fire, and continue the distillation, till about one half or two thirds of the Li­quor is drawn off; so will you have subtil Spirit, with some few drops of Oyl. § 2. Or thus: ℞ Guajacum ra­sped, or cut into small bits or chips lbvj. put them into an earthen Retort, in a close Furnace of Reverberation, with a large Recipient; make a very small Fire at first, only by degrees to heat the Furnace and Retort, for about an hour; then increase it by degrees, till you see the watery part of the Wood to come over into the Reci­pient; continue and increase the Fire a little more, till you see white Vapours come out of the Retort like Clouds, which are a Sign that the a­cid Salt and oily parts of the Guajacum begin to come forth: at which time open the Cover to the Duomo, and increase the Fire more and more, till your large Re­ceiver looks clear, at what time your distillation will be compleated; thus have you an acid Spirit repleat with a volatile Salt of Guajacum, and a blackish stinking Oyl. § 3. Lemery advises to fill a a large Retort three quar­ters full of the shavings or chips of Guajacum, and in a large Reverberatory with a great capacious Receiver, di­stil, first with a very gentle Fire, only to warm the Re­tort, and to distil the Water or Flegm, continue it in this condition till there comes no more drops, which is a sign that all the Flegm is come off: fit again the Receiver to the neck of the Retort, luting the Juncture well, then increase the Fire gradatim, [Page 113]so will the Spirit and Oyl come forth in white Clouds, continue the Fire till no more will come, let the Vessels cool, and unlute them. § 4. Then put that which is in the Retort into a Funnel lined with brown Paper, so will the Spirit pass through, lea­ving the thick, black, and very fetid Oyl behind in the Paper, which being set into another Bottle, and the low­er part of the Paper being pierced with a Bodkin, the Oyl will also drop through, which you may keep for use: Or you may rectifie it by mixing it with as much Sand, Bone-ashes, or Tobacco-pipe-Clay in Pouder, as will make it into a Paste, and then put­ting it into a Retort, place it in a Furnace in a nacked Fire; you may draw off the Oyl by a moderate Distilla­tion, which will be much more pure than it was before. § 5. If you make the Spirit by § 2. it ought to be recti­fied in a Glass Cucurbit, over a Sand heat, with its Head and Receiver; and having separated the almost insipid Water, which will first a­scend, receiver and keep a part the spiritous and volatile acid and salt part, which will suc­ceed, and be attended with an o [...]y Volatile, which con­tains also itts part of the vola­tile Salt, and may also be se­parated and kept apart as well as the acid, and be ad­ministred inwardly, being mixed with fine poudered Sugar, and given in any fit Liquor. § 6. After the very same manner and method you may distil a Spirit and Oyl from the Cortex, which may also in the same manner be rectified, having all the same Properties and Virtues of the Wood. § 7. This is also to be observed, That during the Distillation of the Spirit (after the Flegm is come off) you must not make the Fire too strong, for they coming forth with a great deal of violence, would then be apt to break either the Retort or Receiver. § 8. Guajacum also, thô a dry Body, yet yields a great quantity of Liquor: for from 64 Ounces of the Wood, you will have 39 Ounces of Spi­rit and Flegm, and five Ounces and half of Oyl, and nineteen Ounces of Coals, from which you may ex­tract four or six Drams of an alcalious or fixt Salt, which Salt is aperitive and sudorifick, and may serve to fortifie any Vehicle against the French Disease, being given from 10. gr. to 30. [Page 114]§ 9. The Spirit of Guajacum is nothing but a dissolution of the essential Salt of the Wood in a portion of its Flegm. It is Sudorifick and Nephritick; it is much ap­plauded in Diseases of the Bladder, to purifie the Mass of Blood, so that some af­firm, that by continuing the use of it for several Weeks à ʒj. ad iij. plus-minus, in its own Water, from four to eight Ounces, it is able to expel and carry off, through the pores of the skin, the Ve­nereal Venom, especially if not too inveterate, without making use of Mercury. It is good for the Cure of Ve­nereal Ulcers which happen in the Mouth, or other parts, being mixt with Aqua Mellis. It is diaphoretick from its be­ing repleat with volatile Salt, and is given against all sorts of Rheumatisms, Scurvey, Gout, &c. from half a Dram to two or three Drams, in a Glass full of the Decoction of the same Wood, especially when it is required to expel the sharp Serosities by Sweat, or sensible Transpiration. § 10. The Oyl stinks above measure, and therefore is sel­dom used inwardly by rea­son of its ill scent; but out­wardly it is successfully used for the cure of all sorts of Ulcers, chiefly Venereal, to cleanse Wounds, and con­sume proud Flesh, as also for the opening and exfoliation of Bones, and to resist Putre­faction. It is plainly of a fiery nature, and has both a Cathartick & Caustick force: but mixed and prepared with S. V. rectified, it may be taken inwardly with o­ther Sudorificks, and Alexi­pharmicks against the Plague and malign Feavers, as also against the French-Pox, Pal­sie, Apoplexy, Epilepsy, Hy­sterick Fits, Vapours, Pains of the Teeth, and the like; and Authors affirm, that some have been cured of the Pox, by the constant use of this Oyl for some Weeks, from four to ten or twelve, drops, in a small Decoction of the Wood. Inwardly given, al­so, it drives forth the After­birth: outwardly it is indeed a good thing for rottenness of the Bones, and to cleanse old Ulcers, as I said before; al­so to ripen Aposthumes and Venereal Bubo's, and resolve cold Tumours. § 11. Le Mort rectifies the Spirit by itsself in a Retort, and says, it contains a double Spirit, viz. a volatile and an acid Spirit: both which you may separate after this manner: ℞ Spirit of Guajacum lbj. put [Page 115]it into a Cucurbit, and in B.M. abstract ℥iv. which is the volatile Spirit: what re­mains in the Cucurbit put into a Glass Retort, and di­stil in Sand; so will there come forth, first an insipid Flegm, which cast away, then follows the acid Spirit. The volatile Spirit you may again rectifie in B. M. by mixing it with Ashes of Gua­jacum calcined to whiteness, so will it come forth most subtil and efficacious: Dose of the volatile Spirit is à gut. vj. ad xxx. of the acid Spi­rit à ʒss. ad ʒij. or iij. § 12. After the same manner may you draw the Spirits and Oyls of the Woods of the Oak, Ash, Cyprus, Cedar, Box, Juniper, Hazle, Wal­nut, Chestnut, &c.

LIV. † Spiritus Lavendulae florum, Spirit of Lavender-flowers.

Salmon.] § 1. You may make this Spirit two ways: 1. By Fermentation: ℞ Green Lavender-flowers, q. s. bruise them, add to them to every lb of the Flowers lb iij. of warm Water; and to every lb iij. of Water, a pound of Sugar, or Melussos, cause them to fer­ment in awooden Vessel, till it has a kind of Win [...]-like scent; then distil, and draw off a third part for Spirit of La­vender: and a second third part for Lavender-flower Wa­ter, which keep for use. § 2. Without Fermentation it is made thus: ℞ Lavender-flowers lb vj. Spirit of Wine lb xviij. mix and digest twen­ty four hours, then distil in a Glass Body in B. M. drawing off the Spirit to driness: So will you have a subtil Spirit endowed with all Properties of the Lavender-flowers. § 3. The Spirit and the Water have one and the same Vir­tue, but differ onely in strength, the Spirit having thrice the efficacy of the Wa­ter; and therefore may be gi­ven in treble Dose. § 4. This Spirits is hot and dry, Cepha­lick, Neucrotick, and of thin parts: good against Diseases of the Head and Nerves, and is used chiefly in Epilepsies, Apoplexies, Palsies, Cramps, Catarrhs, Megrims, Vertigo's, Lethargies, and Trembling. It provokes Urine and the Terms, expels both Birth and After-birth, eases the Wind; and outwardly applied takes away Pains in the Head, Joynts, and Nerves proceed­ing from a cold cause. § 5. Dose of the Spirit ʒij. of the Water ʒvj. in any fit Liquor. ℞ Of this Spirit ℥ij. Spirit of [Page 116]Saffron ʒ j. Poppy and Ange­lica-water A. ℥ij. White Su­gar-candy ʒ iij. mix and dis­solve for a Dose against Faint­ing and Swooning. §6. You may make this Spirit also af­ter this manner: ℞ Laven­der-flowers lb vj. Manna, Sugar, or Honey lb j. White-wine, in which a little Leven is dissol­ved, enough to make them in­to a soft mass (the Manna and Flowers being first beaten toge­ther well in a Mortar) put all into an earthen Pitcher or Jarr, filling it well, and pres­sing it down; carefully stop the mouth with Cork and a little Wax melted, then set it by to ferment, till it has got­ten a Wine-like scent, or is become somewhat sour; then take all out, and put it into a Glass Cucurbit with its Head and Receiver; and distil in B. M. so you will have an Ardent Spirit, repleat with the Odour of the Flowers, this, if you so please, you may cohobate upon fresh Flowers, by which means it will become stronger and more efficacious. § 7. Now because Flowers are very apt to a dissipation of their parts, by reason of the tenuity of their substance, Authors strive to recompence this by the ad­dition of some other parts of the Plant, adding, for Ex­ample-sake, to Roses their Hip: To Orange, Lemon, and Ci­tron-flowers, the Fruit well stampt: To Flowers of Sage, Rosemary, Marjoram, Mint, Bawm, Lavender, Thyme, Stechas, Jesamine, &c. their Seeds, well bruised: To the Flowers of Lilly, Flower-de-luces, Peony, Angelica, &c. their Roots and Seeds bruised: To Flowers of Petty Mu­get, Elder, Dwarf-Elder, &c. their Berries, §8. Others moisten the Flowers with All-Flower-water, and then distil in B.M. (after a pre­vious Fermentation) coho­bating upon fresh Flowers as often as they please. Some use Spirit of May-dew, inso­lating first, then distilling and cohobating upon fresh Flowers; affirming, That Spirit of May-dew, and Cows­dung, are very necessary in the first distillation of Flow­ers, but not in the latter di­stillations, by which means you will have Water perfect­ly odoriferous, of which one Ounce will be more fragrant than ten Ounces distilled the ordinary way.

LV. † Spiritus Limomum, Spi­rit of Lemon-peels.

Salmon.] § 1. It is made exactly as the Spirit of Orange-peels, at Sect. 50. aforegoing, [Page 117]to which we referr you. In making this Spirit, you must be sure to take only the out­ward yellow rind, which you may pare off with a knife. § 2. You must take this rind while it is yet recent and smooth, retaining its fragrant smell, not when it is faded, grown rugged, and half dry: for being fresh, these rinds have a subtil and volatile Spi­rit, which insinuates itself in­to the Brain, strengthning and recreating both it and the Nerves; whereas being withered and shrunk, the taste is unpleasant and bitterish, and void of that vivacity and pleasantness it had before: This being distilled with re­ctified Spirit of Wine in B.M. gives you a most admirable Spirit beyond all comparison for fragrancy and delicacy: the same may be done in a Copper Vesica from White-wine, drawing off the one half. § 3. This Spirit is a most excellent Cephalick and Neurotick, curing most cold Diseases of the Head and Brain, as Apoplexies, Epilep­sies, Megrims, Vertigo's, Le­thargies, Palsies, Tremblings, &c. being taken à ʒss. ad ʒij. even to ℥ss. in a Glass of Wine, or mixt with some other Cor­dial Water. § 4. Outward­ly it may be used against Pains and Aches from a cold Cause, cold Gouts, and Head­achs, Bruises, and such like. It comforts weak and feeble Joynts and Limbs, adding strength and agility to them, and this by being used both outwardly and inwardly. It is a Specifick in Diseases of the Womb, and is reported by some Midwives to cure Barrenness. § 5. You may make in Elixir of it after this manner: ℞ Of this Spirit ℥viij. of the outward rind ℥ij. Ambergrise ℈j. Oriental Musk gr. vj. (both the Perfumes ground with white Sugar-can­dy ʒ ij.) mix and digest for ten days, then filter and keep it for use. After the same man­ner you may make an Elixir both of Orange and Citron-peels. § 6. This Elixir is a choice Cordial which has few equals; it is good against Faintings and Swoonings, Sickness at Heart, Deliqui­um of the Spirits, and chiefly in sudden Accidents after vio­lent exercise. It is good both for Men and Women, except such as are apt to be troubled with Vapours and Hysterick Fits: In those Cases it may be made without the Musk and Ambergrise, and then this, as also that made with Orange-peels, you will find to be a Specifick to facilitate [Page 118]and hasten the Birth of Wo­men in Labour, &c. Dose à ℈j. ad ʒj. or more in a Glass of Wine, or some Cordial-Water.

LVI. † Spiritus Menthae, Spirit of Mint.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ A good quantity of Mint newly ga­thered, bruise it, and put to it (in a wooden Vessel) a good quantity of warm Water, or rather of Mint-water; in eve­ry three quarts of which dis­solve a pound of Sugar, or ra­ther as much Manna: let them lie to ferment till they have acquired a vinous scent; then distil in B.M. drawing off the third part for Spirit of Mint: the second third part for Mint-water: what remains in the Still may be cast away. This Spirit and Water by cohoba­ting again upon fresh Mint, may yet be made stronger. § 2. Or thus: ℞ Fresh Mint lb vj. rectified Spirit of Wine lb iv. mix, digest twenty four hours, then draw off lb iv. of Spirit in B.M. or if you please you may distil to driness, which then may be coholobated upon fresh Mint, and repeated a­gain if you see fit. It is an ex­cellent Spirit. § 3. To make the Mint-water aforementi­oned. ℞ Fresh Mint, q. v. beat it well in a Mortar, put it into a long earthen Pot, and make it sufficiently moist with Juyce of other Mint; cover it, and leave it so about two days in digestion, then put the mat­ter into a large Copper Vesica, with its Head and Refrigera­tory, as also its Receiver, lu­ting well the Junctures with a wet Bladder: make a Fire of the second degree, and distil off about the one half of the Juyce which you added, then cease distilling; so will you have a good Mint-water, re­pleat with the odour and fla­vour of the Herb. Put it in a Bottle, and expose it open to the Sun five or six days, then stop it up and keep it for use. §4. Now here is to be noted, that in the distillation of this Water, we add a good quan­tity of the Juyce of Mint, be­cause there would be no good distilling of the Herb itself, without it was first moistned with something, and in my Opinion, the Juyce of the same Plant much exceeds fair Water, which other Authors use. And besides, this Juyce which is added serves to im­bibe the volatile parts of the Herb, in the fermentation, and when the Matter is heat­ed, the more spiritous part, as being the lighter, rises first and smells less of the Empy­reuma, [Page 119]than if the Herb was distilled without being moist­ned with the said Juyce. § 5. In these and the like distilla­tions you must given Fire from the second to the third de­gree, because if it should be too little, none of the essenti­al or volatile Salt of the Plant would rise; but if it be too strong, the Water will taste of an Empyreuma, do what you can: therefore, if you would proceed rightly, distil so as to make one drop only to follow another. § 6. These Waters so soon as they are distilled have no great smell; but having lain some time in the Sun, the spiritous parts will exert their activity in the aqueous, and the Water will become fragrant which was not so before. § 7. What remains in the Still after the Water is drawn off, strain out by pressing, and evapo­rate with a gentle heat, till it comes to the consistency of an Extract, which does con­tain almost all the essential Salt of the Plant, and there­fore is of greater Virtue than the Water before distilled, for in this Salt the principal Virtue of the Plant does con­sist. This Extract is stoma­tick and Cardiack, opens Ob­structions of the Lungs, Reins, and Womb, working by per­spiration, and may be given à ʒss. ad ʒij. dissolved in its proper Water. § 8. The Vir­tues of the Spirit of Mint. This Spirit is chiefly stoma­tick, cephalick and uterine, of thin parts, and subastrin­gent. It is used mostly a­gainst Vomiting, and debili­ty of the Stomach, Crudities, hicket, nauseating Wind, faint­ings, Obstructions of the Li­ver, Pains of the Guts, and the Belly-ache in Children, Megrim, Vertigo, Lethargy, Coagulation of Milk, Colick, &c. it opens, attenuates, dis­cusses, cures Diseases of the Womb, provokes the Terms, strengthens the Liver, and re­sists Poyson, and particularly the Narcotick quality of O­pium; outwardly by bathing on the Region of the Abdo­men it eases the Colick, and takes away the hardness of Womens Breasts, from curd­ling of the Milk, by bathing the part, and taking it also inwardly: Dose à ʒij. ad vj.

LVII. † Spiritus Nucis Mos­chatae, Spirit of Nutmegs.

Salmon.] § 1. Thô Spirits of Nutmegs is a thing seldom made, nor prescribed in any Author, yet for the Publick good sake (since it is a thing [Page 120]of most excellent use) we shall take the pains to de­scribe it here. ℞ Of the best Nutmegs ℥viij. grate them on a Grater, or beat them very small in an Iron Mortar, put them into a Glass Cucurbit, and affuse thereon tartarised Spirit of Wine or Alcohol of S.V. lb v. mix and digest forty eight hours, then distil in B. M. to driness. § 2. This is an ex­cellent Spirit of Nutmegs▪ but if you cohobate it upon the faeces three or four times, it will be much stronger, and more subtil, and contain more of the oily particles dissolved in itsself. The Feces you may reserve for other Extra­ctions, to be made use of when you extract a Chymi­cal Oil, the which, in its place, we shall shew. § 3. It is Cephalick, Stomatick, Car­diack, Neurotick, and Ute­rine; it warms and cherishes a cold and afflicted Brain, and Habit of Body; com­forts the Nerves, strenghens the Stomach, and causes a sweet Breath. It discusses Wind, eases the Colick, and Gripings of the Guts, sharp­ens the Eye-sight, comforts the Liver and Spleen, pro­vokes Urine, is good against the Whites, and a cold Di­stemper of the Womb, it chears the Heart, revives the Spirits, is good against the Palsie, Cramp, Tremblings, and other weaknesses of the Nerves, and prevails against the Apoplexy, Vertigo, Me­grim, Head-ache, from a cold Cause, Lethargy, and other the Distempers of the Head. § 4. Modus Utendi. ℞ Aqua Lactis Alexiteria ℥iiss. Spirit of Nutmegs ʒ ij. ad ℥ss. Spirit of Saffron ʒ ss. Syrup of Citrons or Lemons ʒ vj. mix for a Cordial draught. Or thus: ℞ Aqua Lactin Scorbutica ℥iiiss. Spirit of Nutmegs ʒ ij. Volatile Spirit of Vitriol ʒ ss. mix for a Dose to be given in the Morning fast­ing, against Diseases of the Head.

LVIII. † Spiritus Opii, Spirit of Opium.

Salmon.] § 1. This is a Prescript which no Author, that we know of, or have seen, has in the least treated of; and because the Medi­cament is excellent, and there are, or may be various ways of preparing it, some of which exceed others, we shall do our endeavour to exhibit here the best Methods of its Preparation; which because we write them out of the Fire, and not from any Au­thor, [Page 121]we hope will be the more acceptable to all the Sons of Art. § 2. ℞ Choice Thebian Opium lb j. cut it into bits, and with your hand dis-dissolve it in a quart, or more, of pure rectified Spirit of Wine, over a gentle heat: what is dis­solved decant, and add more rectified Spirit, dissolving and decanting so long, till all the Opium is dissolved, and till you have mixed with it five or six quarts of the said Spirit, and nothing but a little straw, dross, leaves, and feces to be left be­hind, which cast away: Put all these dissolutions of Opi­um into a Glass Cucurbit, with its Head, Worm, and Receiver, and in B.M. draw off the Spi­rit by a gentle heat to driness, which that it might compre­hend the full of the Opium, cohobate it again upon the Magma or Feces; digest it in a very gentle heat for three or four days till the Magma is dissolved, and in like manner distil again, thus cohobating, digesting, and distilling, three or four several times, you shall have a most excellent Spirit repleat with the Powers and Virtue of the Opium, a thou­sand times transcending for pleasantness all the Tinctures that can be made of it in the World. § 3. Or thus: ℞ Thebian Opium lbj. dissolve it in Vinegar lbiij. digest a Week, and decant the Tin­cture: to the Magma add Vinegar lbiij. more, digest and decant as before, not troubling the sediment. To the Magma put Tartarised S. V. lbiij. mix and digest three days, then gently de­cant the Tincture: upon the Magma put tartarised S.V. lbiij. more, mix, and di­gest again three days more, then decant the Tincture as before, casting away the dregs: put these Tinctures of the Vinegar and Spirit of Wine together, mix, and di­gest in a very gentle heat for three Months, that they may unite and meliorate together: then put them into a Glass Cucurbit, and draw off the first volatile Spirit in B. M. so much as will easily come over: cohobate the Spirit up­on the Magma, and distil a­gain, cohobating and distil­ling thus four or five times to driness, so will you have a volatile Spirit repleat with all the Virtues and Powers of the Opium, as aforesaid. § 4. Or thus: ℞ Thebian O­pium lb j. dissolve it in this following Menstruum lb x. (℞ Tartarised S. V. p. 16. Spirit of Nitre, or Oyl Vitriol, p. j. mix, digest, and unite them by drawing them over the [Page 122]Helm) Put them into a Glass Cucurbit, digest two or three days then in B. M. distil to driness, cohobating and distil­ling three or four several times. This is a noble Spirit of O­pium, and not inferiour to any of the former. § 5. Or thus: ℞ Thebian Opium lbj. of the Spiritus Intimus (in our Seplasium, lib. 2. cap. 6. sect. 19.) lbvj. cut into bits the Opium and dissolve it, digest three or four days, then distil it in a Glass Cu­curbit in B. M. to driness, cohobating thrice: so will the Spirit ascend with the volatile Salt of most admira­ble use, and for some purpo­ses much transcending any of the former. § 6. Or thus: ℞ Thebian Opium in bits lb j. Powers of Turpentine lb x. mix, dissolve, digest three or four days, and draw off the Spirit in a Glass Cucurbit in B. M. cohobating thrice. This is a noble Spirit, and of great Virtues. § 7. Or thus: ℞ Thebian Opium cut in bits lb j. Rain-water lb iv. mix: put them into a Glass Matrass, and dissolve over a gentle heat in twenty four hours, stirring it often, increasing the Fire at the end, that it may just boil; being a little cooled and setled, decant the clearest of it, which filter through brown Paper while warm: to the remainder put Rain-water lb iv. more, with which proceed as with the former, decanting and filtering. To the remaining Sediment in the Matrass, put of rectified S. V. lb iv. mix, digest close stopt for forty eight hours, then decant the Tincture, which al­so filter as before: to the feces in the Matrass add again tar­tarized S. V. lb iv. mix, di­gest, and extract the Tincture as before, which filter also, cast­ing away the faeces in the Ma­trass, as now of no use. Put all these Tinctures both aqueous and spiritous together into a Glass Cucurbit, with its Head Serpentine and Receiver, and in a Sand heat draw off a pure Spirit of Opium lb x. which keep for use. What re­mains in the Matrass evapo­rate to the consistency of an Extract, of which you may make a most excellent Lau­danum. § 8. There is also a way of extracting the Spi­rit with pure Wine Vinegar after this manner: ℞ Of the best Thebian Opium in bits, dissolve it in strong Vinegar, casting away the filth, then di­stil it in an Alembick with a strong Fire to driness, cohoba­ting thrice, and distilling in like manner. § 9. But Opi­um as it contains, 1. A Flegm. 2. A Spirit and volatile Salt. [Page 123]3. A black stinking Oyl; so by distilling it per se, may they be separated thus: ℞ Opium, put it into a Glass Re­tort with a large Receiver, and distil in Sand, first with a gentle Fire, afterwards in­creasing it gradually to the third degree, cause the Flegm, Spirit, or volatile Salt, and lastly be thick black stinking Oyl to come over the Helm: all which separate and recti­fie according to Art. In the bottom of the Retort you will have a Caput Mort. con­taining a small quantity of fixed Salt, of the nature of o­ther fixt alcalious Salts, and a useless Earth, which is to be cast away. § 10. Where note, That this Spirit thus distilled by a Retort, is a vo­latile urinous Spirit, which is followed by a copious Sul­phur, or oleaginous inflama­ble substance: this urinous Spirit is indeed diaphoretick, and by its exceeding subtilty in penetrating, causes Sweat. However this is not the Spirit intended by our Author, but rather some one of the for­mer of a sulphurous, or sul­phurous saline nature distilled as aforesaid in a Cucurbit. § 11. One Preparation more remains, which because some may value before all the rest, we shall be willing to insert. ℞ Opium in bits lb j. dissolve by gentle boiling in a gallon of Water, then strain and cast the filth or feces away: to this add another gallon of fair Rain-water: add Sugar, or Melus­sos lb iv. and a good Leven; dissolve, and being warm, cause the Liquor gently to ferment for some days, till it becomes of a vinous scent; then put all into a Copper Vesica, with its Head, Serpentine and Recei­ver, distil and draw off lb viij. or ix. of Spirit, which keep for use. What remains in the Vesica pour out, and in an earthen Pan evaporate to the consistency of an Extract, of which you may make Laudanum. § 12. The Ma­gma left at the end of the di­stillation, at § 2. may be ab­stracted to the thickness of an Extract for the making of Laudanum: for the same purpose the dry Magma at § 3. may serve, but it has not altogether the same strength and virtue, because many of the volatile saline particles are carried off by the Spirit. The Magma also at § 4. may serve as an Ingredient for Lauda­num, so also those at § 5, 6, & 7, 8, & 11. as at the end of the said 7, & 11 Para­graphs we have hinted. § 13. From hence it appears, that the Spirit drawn only with [Page 124]sulphurous Spirits, or that Spirit drawn only with acid or saline Spirits, cannot be altogether so forcible as Tin­ctures drawn with the same; for the first contain only an Opiate Sulphur, with little or none of the volatile Salt: and the other contains chiefly a volatile opiatick Salt, with little or nothing of an opiate Sulphur. But that Spirit which is drawn with a sul­phurous acid Spirit, or sul­phurous saline Spirit, con­tains both an opiatick Sul­phur, and an acid volatile or urinous volatile Salt, al­most in the same proportion that the Tincture does, whe­ther it be made with a sul­phurous, acid, or saline Men­struum. § 14. These Spirits are all of them much plea­santer than either the Tin­ctures or Extract of Opium, or any preparation of Opi­um which contains the Body of the Concrete; for they never make the stomach sick; as those other oftentimes do; nor yet disturb the Head o­therwise than it is possible Spirit of Wine may do, which is a considerable advantage in their Operation. And al­tho' they are not altogether so strong and forcible as is Tincture or Extract of Opi­um, yet they operate with much more speed and safety than possibly the others can; for they fly like lightning through the whole Body, and give ease and relief not only to the Spirits, but to the whole Body almost in a mo­ment. § 15. These Spirits are not capable of these ill effects which usually happen from other Preparations of Opi­um; they suppress not the excretion of Excrements, nor stop the passages of Urine, they benumb not, nor ener­vate the Limbs, nor change the natural complexion of the skin to paleness; they neither cause cold sweats nor yet shortness of Breath, or difficulty of breathing, with a perturbation of the Senses, drowsiness and stupefaction of the Animal and Vital Fa­culties; but they have all the good effects which are at­tributed to the most excellent Laudanums, thô not with the self-same strength and force. § 16. They appease all per­turbations, intestine and vio­lent Commotions of the Body; Disquietings, Rage, Fury, and Madness of the Archeus, (the principal Director of the Spi­rit of Life,) restoring again Peace and Concord, and maintaining it between the Faculties and Motions of the Body; so that after they have [Page 125]softly and silently (as it were) appeased the pain, and allay­ed the Grief, they procure a quiet and pleasant rest and sleep, restore Nature to its pristine state, and repair the decayed strength, whereby unthought-of Health comes on, with a violent carreere, and takes possession of its an­cient Habitation: Extinguish­ing in all Ages and Sexes, and in what Condition soever the sharpness and anguish of Di­seases. Dose à ʒss. ad j. ij. iij. yea, to ʒiv. according to Age, Strength, Condition, and Necessity of the Sick. § 17. These Spirits are of such an amicable and kind nature, that scarce any Cordial should be given without them: they may also themselves be made more Cordial, if after the last cohobation, they be drawn off with these following ad­ditaments: To the quantity of Spirit mentioned in the for­mer Preparations, add Saffron, Cochineel in Pouder, ana ℥iv. Vipers Flesh, Nutmegs, A. ℥iij. Cloves, Mace, A ℥j. Zedoary, Snake-root, A. ʒ ss. mix, digest twenty four hours, then draw off the Spirit in B. M. and keep it as a most precious Cor­dial for use: in the Glass hang a Nodule of Musk gr. 10. Am­bergrise gr. vj. ground with white Sugar-candy ʒ ij. to add a fragrancy to it for refresh­ing the Animal Spirits.

LIX. † Spiritus papaveris er­ratici Simplex, Spirit of the Wild Poppy, or Corn Rose.

Salmon.] § 1. I presume that what our Author here intends is a simple Spirit from the Flowers of the Plant; which if so, and you desire a pure and neat Me­dicine, you may make it af­ter this manner: ℞ Wild Pop­py-flowers lb viij. rectified Spi­rit of Wine lb xvj. mix, di­gest a Week, then distil in a Glass Alembick in B. M. to driness: Affuse this distilled Liquor, upon as many more of the same Flowers, digest again three days, and distil as before: this distilled Liquor affuse a­gain a third time, and if you so please a fourth time in like manner upon fresh Flowers, distilling each time to driness; lastly, in a gentle B. M. draw off three parts of the Liquor, which keep as Spirit of Poppies simple. §2 ℞ Or thus: ℞ Fresh Poppy-flowers lb xx. Witne lb xvj. mix, and with Sugar lb iij. and a large Leven dissolved in the Wine cause a fermentation, till the whole becomes some­what acid: then distil in B. M. to dryness: affuse the [Page 126]Liquor upon lb x. of fresh Flow­ers digest three days, and distil in like manner again to dri­ness: lastly, in a gentle B. M. draw off the one half of the Liquor, which keep for Spirit of Poppies: Continue the di­stillation to driness, in the same B. M. and keep the Li­quor for Aqua Papaveris, or reserve it for making more Spirit with. §3. If you design a Spirit from the whole Plant, you may likewise proceed in the same manner as with the Flowers, by either of the former ways, or otherwise, after this manner: ℞ Poppies the whole Plant q. v. bruise it well in a Mortar, add warm Rain-water four times the quantity in weight, in every Gallon of Water dissolve lb j. of Sugar: mix well, and cause them to ferment to a fit acidi­ty; then distil with a Copper Vesica tinn'd within, in a pro­per heat, drawing of the first quarter part of the humidity for Spirit of Poppies; and half the remaining part for Poppy-water, which keep for use, or reserve for making new Spirit of Poppies. § 4. It is an excellent thing against the Colick, and to alleviate Pains in any part of the Body: it gives ease in the Stone, and is profitable against After-pains of Women in Travel, and with a great deal of plea­sure induces sleep: but these things it does more power­fully, if you make a Tincture of the Flowers with the same: It has in a word the Virtues of the former Spirit, but not altogether so powerful. Dose à ʒss. ad ʒiij. Plus-minus.

LX. † Spiritus Papaveris al­bi, Spirit of White Pop­pies.

Salmon,] § 1. It is made either of the Flowers, or of the whole Plant, as the Spi­rit of the Corn Poppy is made, in all respects, by § 1, 2, 3. of the former Section. §2. The Virtues are also the same with that, and the Spi­rit of Opium aforemention­ed, save that this is somewhat stronger than the Spirit of the Wild, thô scarcely so strong as the Spirit of Opium. Dose à ʒss. ad ʒij. or more.

LXI. † Spiritus Papaveris ni­gris, Spirit of Black Pop­pies.

Salmon.] § 1. This is also made as the two former, whe­ther you make it of the Flow­ers, or of the whole Plant, and therefore in that respect, no more need be said of it in this place. § 2. And the Vir­tues, [Page 127]Uses, and Doses are the same with the Spirit of Opi­um aforegoing, it being much stronger than either of the two former Spirits: It is an excellent Medicine indeed, and in my Opinion an excel­lent thing to go into the com­position of most Cordials. § 3. Modus Ʋtendi: ℞ Aq. Lactis Alexiteria ℥iv. Spirit of Saffron ℥ss. Spirit of Black Poppies ʒ vj. Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers ℥j. mix and make a Cordial. Dose three or four spoonfuls at a time.

LXII. † Spiritus Raphani Compositus, Spirit of Ra­dishes compound.

℞ Sal Armoniack, Tartar calcin'd with Nitre, A. dissolve them in Wormwood-water com­pound, distilled without the Spirit, and in Scurvy-grass Water compound, A. q. s. (see them cap. 1. sect. 62. & 63. of this Book) mix the Soluti­ons, and distil them in Glass or Tin Vessels in B. M.

Salmon.] § 1. How this can be called Spirit of Ra­dishes, without any Radishes at all in it, I cannot tell, un­less the name is given to it from the small quantity of Horse-Radish Roots in the Scurvygrass Water mention­ed, being but a fifth part of the Scurvygrass in the said Composition, and not above a twelfth part of this present Recipe. § 2. The best way of making it is thus: ℞ The said Wormwood and Scurvygrass Waters compound A. lb xvj. Horse-Radish Roots bruised lb viij. mix and distil in B.M. to driness, which cohobate twice or thrice, then take Sal Ar­moniack and Tartar calcin'd with Nitre A. lb iv. of the for­mer distilled Water or Spirit of Horse-Radishes, lb viij. mix and dissolve, and then distil the Spirit as we have taught you to distil the Spirit of Sal Armoniack at Sect. 24. § 2.8.10. of this Chapter. § 3. It has all the Virtues of the simple Spirit of Sal Armoni­ack, and therefore is of sin­gular use against Pleurisies, Quinsies, and all manner of Obstructions whatsoever; besides which, it is of appro­ved Vertue against the Gra­vel and Stone, whether in the Reins or Bladder, or any o­ther matter which may ob­struct the Urine in those parts: It also facilitates the Delivery, if given to a Wo­man in Labour. Dose à gut. 20. ad 60. Plus-minus, in a Glass of Wine.

LXIII. † Spiritus Rutae, Spi­rit of Rue.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Fresh Rue bruise it well, put it into a wooden Vessel, and add to it warm Spring-water q.s. Sugar or Melussos a pound to every gallon of the whole matter; let it ferment for ten days; then put in more Water, and distil in a Copper Vesica, draw­ing off a third part for Spirit of Rue, and a third part more for Rue-Water, which keep a­part for use: the Spirit you may rectifie S.A. § 2. Or thus: ℞ Fresh Rue bruised lb viij. of the best rectified Spirit of Wine lb xvj. mix, digest forty eight hours, then distil in B. M. to driness. This Spirit put up­on as much more of fresh Rue bruised, digest, and distil as be­fore, which repeat in like man­ner the third time, so will you have a Spirit very strong, and fully repleat with all the essen­tial properties of the Herb. § 3. It is hot, dry, piercing, and attenuating, discusses and expels Wind, is Cephalick, Neurotick, Hysterick, and A­lexipharmick, used chiefly a­gainst the Plague, and all o­ther malignant Diseases. It is highly Sudorifick, expels Poyson, cures the Pleurisie, weakness of the Stomach, Co­lick, Gripings of the Guts, Biting of Mad Dogs, Ser­pents, and all other venemous Beasts. It is profitable against Agues, (being bathed on the Back-bone) as also the Me­grim, Head-ache, Vertigo, sickness at Stomach, palpita­tion of the Heart, Surfeits, and the like. It is apt to provoke the Terms, and there­fore not so very good for Women with Child. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒiij. in any Cordial Draught, or in a Glass of Wine.

LXIV. † Spiritus de Sassafras, Spirit of Sassafras.

Salmon.] § 1. Whether our Author intends the simple Spirit drawn per se, in a Re­tort; or the sulphurous Spi­rit drawn with Spirit of Wine in an Alembick, the matter is not great: for we are resolved, because we will not miss the right, to handle both. § 2. The sulphurous Spirit of Sassaphras is distilled with Spirit of Wine, thus: ℞ Raspings of Sassafras, or ra­ther the Pouder of it ground in a Mill (as the j grind Pou­der of Liquorice, &c.) lb xij. re­ctified Spirit of Wine lb xxiv. mix, digest two days, then add fair Water lb xxiv. put all in­to a Copper Vesica with its [Page 129]Head, both Tinn'd within, with its Serpentine and Receiver, and distil first with a gentle fire, and increase it to the se­cond Degree, continuing the Distillation till the lb xxiiij. of Spirit a come off, which will be v very strong of the Sassafras: But if you distil in a Glass B. M. you need add no Wa­ter, but may distil to dryness and Cohobate Two or Three times, by which means it will be yet stronger of the Ingre­dient. § 3. The Acid Spirit distilled in a Retort per se. This is done exactly, as that of Guajacum at Sect. 53. § 24. aforegoing, to which I refer you. But in these Aromatick Woods that Spirit is best, and most homogene to our Bo­dies, which is distilled with Spirit of Wine, as before di­rected. § 4. This Spirit is accounted as an Antidote a­gainst the French Pox, and an universal Remedy against Catarrhs; It is Cephalick, Neurotick, Cardiack, and A­lexipharmick, attenuates, o­pens, discusses, causes Sweat, and cures Barrenness in both Sexes. It is carminative, ex­pels Wind, and strengthens the Stomach admirably. § 5. That distilled with Spi­rit of Wine, is the pleasant­est, and for all that I know, the most effectual in the pre­cited Cases; for it sweetens the Blood admirably, and may be given à ʒj ad ʒiij: That distilled by Retort, has the same Virtues, repleat with the Volatile Salt of the Concrete, and is more espe­cially good against Vapors, and hypochondriack Fits, and may be given à ʒj ad ʒij. in any Fit Vehicle. § 6. The Oyl which will be distilled the latter way, is very fetid, and not to be ta­ken inwardly, unless first re­ctified from Colcothar, or Bone-Ashes. Then it may profitably be given against the French Pox, Vapors, Fits of the Mother, &c. à gut. i. ad iij or iiij. Outwardly it cures Pocky Pustles and Sores, and all sorts of Putrid and Venemous Ulcers; It also cures Gangreens, and ex­foliates rotten Bones.

LXV. † Spiritus Succini, Spi­rit of Amber.

Salmon.] § 1. Spirit of Amber is also twofold: 1. The Acid Spirit. 2. A Sulphu­rous Spirit made with Spirit of Wine. § 2. ℞ Amber grosly beaten, put it into an Earthen Retort, so as to fill it Two Thirds full; fit to it a large Receiver, luting the Juncture close: Make a gentle fire first [Page 130]only to warm the Retort, then augment it gradatim, till the Spirit and Oyl come forth, con­tinuing the fire till no more distils: When cold, and unlu­ted, put about a Pint of fair warm Water into the Receiver, and stirring it soundly about, dissolve the Volatile Salt, which many times sticks to the sides of the Receiver. Put all this Liquor into a Glass Alembick, fit to it a Receiver, and luting well the Junctures, make first a very gentle fire, which aug­ment by degrees, so will the Flegm and Spirit ascend, carry­ing with them a little White Oyl; Continue the fire till no more arises, so will the thick Oyl be left at bottom. § 3. Se­parate the Flegm and Spirit from the White Oyl; and the Black Oyl (if you so please) you may rectifie from Colcothar or Bone-Ashes, as is often afore-directed. The Flegm and Spirit yet remains together, which you must thus separate: Put them into an Earthen or Glass Dish, and evaporate it about two thirds over a gentle fire, that which remains is the Acid Spirit of Amber, which keep in a Vial close stopt for use. § 4. Where note, That there is little rea­son for this trouble of evapo­rating the Flegm; for you cannot so securely do it, but that some of the Volatile Sa­line Particles will go along with it, which will be a loss to you: And what need is there of thus separating its own natural Flegm from it? for that when it is done, the Spirit cannot be given alone, but must be mixt with some other Flegmatick Vehicle to con­vey it in: And if so, why should not its own Flegm be as good as any thing For­reign, for that a less quanti­ty of another Vehicle would then serve the turn? § 5. The Black Oyl remaining in the bottom of the Cucurbit, by reason of its fetidness is scarce­ly fit to be given inwardly without rectification; but it may be kept for outward use to anoint the Noses and Wrists, of Women troubled with Va­pors and Fits of the Mother. § 6. But if you would rectifie it, mix it with so much Sand as is necessary to make it into a Body, which put into a Retort, place it in a Furnace, and force over the Oyl, so will it come over-red, but exceeding clear, which is to be kept by it self, and may serve instead of the White. § 7. This, as al­so the White Oyl, may be given inwardly in all Hyste­rick Distempers, Palsies, A­poplexies, Epilepsies, Verti­go's, Lethargies, and other [Page 131]Distempers of the Brain, Nerves and Womb. Dose à gut. ij ad x. § 8. The Spi­rit is an excellent Aperitive, and is successfully given a­gainst all the aforesaid Di­stempers, but chiefly against the Epilepsie, Jaundice, Stop­page of Urine, Ulcers in the Neck of the Bladder, Scur­vey, Cachexia, Dropsies, Rheumatisms, and other the like Diseases; for that this Spirit is only the Volatile Salt of Amber, dissolved in some of its Flegm, and may be gi­ven à gut. xij. ad xxx. in some convenient Liquor. The Oyl may be dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg, by grinding them together, whereby it will easily mix with any Wa­ter, Wine or Broath. § 9. If you would separate the Salt from the Flegm, you may do thus: Evaporate about a third part of the Spirit over a very gentle fire, then put the re­mainder into a cool place, lea­ving it there ten or twelve days without stirring it, so will it crystallize, which you are to take and keep in a Vial close stopt. § 10. But here is to be noted, that it is much better to keep the Salt with its Flegm, for in Evaporation (tho' with never so gentle a Fire) some part of it will fly away; besides, it is easier kept with its flegm, than a­part from it, because it will be apt to dissolve. § 11. This Salt is acid, and like unto the essential Salt of Plants, and being less volatile than that of Animals cannot rise so high in rectification, and being heavier than the flegm, lets the flegm rise first, for which reason we chuse the method of crystallizing it, rather than that of subliming it. But there is an excellent and subtil volatile Salt of Amber to be made by subli­mation from the Amber it self, of which we shall say nothing here, but reserve you to its determined place: These Salts of Amber have the Virtues of the Spirit a­forementioned. § 12. The sulphurous Spirit of Amber, made with Spirit of Wine, is done as we have taught in our Pharmacopoeia Londinen­sis, lib. 4. cap. 3. sect. 39. where Amber in Pouder, p. i. is mixt with rectified S. V. p. ij. them put into a Retort so as to fill it not above half full, to which is fitted a large Re­ceiver, without luting (for that if luted, the S. V. would break all the Vessels) and then di­stilling with a gentle fire, in­creasing it gradatim, and at last giving a fire of suppression; you will have the sulphurous, [Page 132]spirituous and volatile Spirit of Amber, equal in quantity to the Spirit of Wine, and a black fetid Oyl, equal to half the weight of the Amber, which you must separate. § 13. This sulphurous volatile Spirit has all the Virtues of the former Spirit and Oyl, and infinitely more pleasant to be taken in­wardly, being a Specifick a­gainst Hysterick Fits, Epi­lepsies and all cold and moist Distempers of the Head, Brain, Nerves, Womb, and Joynts: and may be given à ℈i. ad ʒi. in any proper and specifick Vehicle. § 14. Out­wardly, it is a most admira­ble thing against the Palsie, Lameness, Numbness, Trem­bling of the Limbs, or Weak­ness of any singular Part, the Cold Gout, and all manner of Aches and Pains proceed­ing from a cold Cause, and Bruises or Hurts of the Nerves, it is of very thin and subtil parts, and by rea­son of its penetrative faculty is resolutive and discussive: It cures Contractions and Sinews shrunk up, from its balsamick property, and restores such as have lost the use of their Limbs: drawn up the No­strils often at one time, and the Head well bathed there­with also, gives immediate ease in the Head-ache, tho' never so extream, and that even upon the spot.

I. Oleum Aloëticum, Oyl of Aloes.

Bate.] ℞ ALoes Epatica lb j. Myrrh ℥ij. Fran­kincense ℥ss. mix and distil in Sand with degrees of fire. Be­ing anointed upon the Na­vel, it purges and kills Worms.

Salmon.] § 1. You must put these Ingredients into a Glass Retort, large, deep, and fit to contain three or four times as much of the Ingredients; fit to it a large Receiver; begin the distillation with a gentle fire for some time, then increase the fire by little and little, till you see the Oyl to come over, and [Page 133]continue the fire till you see the Receiver clear; so will you have an acid Spirit mixt with much flegm, and a thick, bitter, stink­ing Oyl. Filter all through brown Paper, so will the Flegm and Spirit pass through leaving the fetid Oyl behind in the filter. § 2. The Spirit you may rectifie by putting it into a glass Cucurbit, with its Head and Receiver; and with a very gentle fire in Sand, or B. M. distilling the one half, you will have the acid Spirit very pure ascend first, leaving the flegm or unprofitable part behind. § 3. The Spirit be­ing given inwardly à gut. x. ad xx. or xxx. in any fit Ve­hicle, has the same virtue and operation, that the Oil has being anointed outward­ly: they both of them are good against Vapours and Hysterick Fits, the Spirit be­ing inwardly taken as afore­said, and the Oyl being out­wardly anointed upon the Nostrils, Universals being prescribed.

II. Olium Antimonii Saccha­ratum, Oyl of Antimony Sugared.

Bate.] It is made from the Pouder of crude Antimony and Sugar, ana, distilled through a Retort by the help of à strong fire, S. A. It is profitable a­gainst both internal and ex­ternal Diseases: Dose à gut. iij. ad vj. in Quartan Agues before the Fit.

Salmon.] § 1. In our Phar­macopoeia Londinensis, lib. 3. cap. 8. sect. 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, & 92. we have taught six several ways of making this Medicine from Basil, Senner­tus, Fausius, Beguinus, Querce­tanus, and Sala, so that much more need not be said there­of in this place: Yet it seems that this Prescript of our Au­thor is different from them all, and therefore we shall endea­vour here to explicate what he intends by his sugared Oyl. § 2. ℞ Choice Antimony, white Sugar-candy, [...].a; grind each severally and being exactly mix­ed put them into a Retort, put­ting over them a handful of clean Hemp or Tow, to hinder the Ingredients from rising and passing over into the Recipient, when it feels the heat, and makes an ebulition (which cannot well be otherwise hindred but by this Tow): place the Retort in a close Reverberatory fitting there­to a large Recipient; make at first a slow fire, and increase it by degrees, till you see no more drops nor vapours come over the Helm: let the Vessels cool, and take the Recipient, and put the distilled matter therein in­to a glass Matrass, add to it [Page 134]Tartarised S. V. three inches above it, and digest them toge­ther in a vaporous Balneo for three or four days: then filter all in the Cold through a Cot­ton into a small Cucurbit, which place in B. M. and draw off the S. V. leaving the Sugared Oyl at bottom, which keep for use. § 3. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Antimony, Sugar­candy, A. pouder and mix them, and put them into a large Glass Retort, so as to leave two thirds empty, fitting to it a large Receiver: distil in Sand with a gentle fire, to draw off the Flegm, which cast away: when red drops begin to come forth, fit to it another Receiver, lute the Juncture, increasing the fire gently, which manage prudently (lest the mat­ter rarifie, and its substance runs into the Receiver, which will force you to begin again) continue the fire till nothing more comes forth, and when the Vessels are cold, take and keep what you find in the Re­ceiver for use. § 4. In this Composition the Sugar, as it contains in itself and essential acid Salt, and an Oyl; so being mixed with a portion of the Sulphur of Antimony, it makes an oily Liquor: now the sweet tast of the Sugar proceeds from a natural mix­ture of this acid with the Oyl; for if you separate these two substances one from another, neither of the two will be sweet at all: The Oyl alone is insipid upon the Tongue, making little or no impressi­on on the Nerve that serves for tasting, but being perfect­ly mixt with the acid, the points of the acid serve for a Vehicle to the Oyl, to make it penetrate, and superficial­ly smite upon the Nerve, whereby the Sense of Tasting is produced. And the acid being alone becomes incisive, and prick the Nervi Gustan­tes by their points; but be­ing blunted by the ramous parts of the Oyl, they no lon­ger peirce the said Nerves, but only smite them with a great deal of pleasantness and sweetness. § 5. This Oyl is a most excellent and almost miraculous Medicine for the Cure of great Wounds and Contusions, it cleanses Ulcers also, and heals them, if ap­plied with a Feather or Cot­ton; and takes away Tet­tars, Ring-worms, and other Itchings which infest the skin. If you find it too sharp, you may qualifie it with a little Aqua Mellis, or some such like thing. § 6. Besides, Le Febure affirms it to be a sur­prizing Remedy against inter­mitting Feavers, but chiefly [Page 135]against Quartanes, for the cure of which he also proposes the following Pills therewith. § 7. ℞ Of this Sugared Oyl of Antimony ℥i. fine Aloes washed with Juice of Carduus Ben. and reduced into an Extract ℥ss. Ambergrise ʒ ij. Tincture of Saf­fron, evaporated to the thick­ness of a Syrup ʒ i. mix and make all into a Mass of Pills. Dose à gr. iv. and xvj. in Con­serve of Roses: they purge gently downwards, and some­times provoke Sweat, or work by insensible transpiration.

III. Oleum Balsamicum, The Balsamick Oyl.

Bate.] ℞ Alkanet Roots ℥ij. Oyl Olive lb ij, boyl till it is of a rubicund colour: strain and add Cyprus Turpentine washed in Violet-water lb ss. Oyls of Hypericon, and of Bay-berries A. ℥j. Oyl of Peter, and Chy­mical Oyl of Juniper Berries, A. ℥ss. distilled Oyls of Rhodi­um and Spike, A. ʒ ij. distilled Oyls of Angelica Seeds, and A­ni-seeds, A. ʒ i. mix them S.A. It prevails against all cold af­fects, and dissipates Wind. In the Palsie, Deafness, Pain of the Ears, &c. it does much; and is a present Remedy a­gainst the Cramp, Colick, Dropsie, being both internal­ly taken, and outwardly ap­plied. Dose à ℈i. ad ʒj. in some appropriate Vehicle.

Salmon.] It is an approved thing for healing Ulcers of the Lungs, and curing inward Bruises, for which purposes there is scarcely a better Re­medy. Outwardly also, it is as good a Vulnerary as one shall meet withal; for if im­mediately applied, (the Blood being washt off first with common Spirit of Wine) it commonly performs the Cure at one intention, and by one application; and therefore ought to be valued as a Jewel. Being applied in the Gout, Sciatica, or any old ache or pain, it removes the pain, and cures the sick in a short time.

IV. Oleum Camphorae, Oyl of Camphire.

Bate.] ℞ Camphire ℥ij. Tobac­copipe-clay ℥iv. mix and make a Mass, and distil by a Glass Re­tort in Sand, S. A. Or it may be made by dissolving Camphire ℥ij. in Spirit of Nitre ℥iv. in a warm place. It is Di­aphoretick and Hysterick: Dose ad gut. x. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. In our Phar­macop. Lond. lib. 1. cap. 8. sect. 20. § 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6. we have shewn you six seve­ral ways of preparing the [Page 136]Oyl of Camphire from Schro­der, Hartman, Horstius, and Kesler: And in our Doron Medicum, lib. 1. cap. 2. sect. 7. § 2, 3, 4. we have shewn three other several ways of doing it from other Authors: The ways here prescribed by our Author are differing from all them, which by reason he is very conciso and short there­in, require a little Explica­tion [...] Tho' it is our Opinion, (Doron. Med. lib. 1. cap. 25 sect. 102) that Camphire is of so pu [...]e and exalted a sub­stance, that it can be made better by no kind of distilla­tion, nor by any other Arti­fice whatsoever. However for the sakes of such as cannot rest in that Judgment, we will now come to the expli­cation of our Author. § 2. ℞ Camphire. ℥ij. Potters Earth ℥iv. mix them into Balls, or otherwise, dry in the Sun, and put the mixture into a glas [...] Retort, and distil in Sand into a large Receiver which has Rain-water therein: first there comes forth a white matter, than a clear Water, and at last with a stronger fire a sweet-scented Oyl, which be­ing rectified with Spirit of Wine, will be as yellow as Gold: Where note, that the white matter which sublimes in the Alembick, melts and falls into the Receiver. § 3. This Oyl is an excellent Re­medy, resins putrefaction and poyson, and is good against the Plague and all malignant Diseases, both continual and intermitting Feavers: The Dose is from gut. i. ad vj. in some appropriate Liquor. The Spirit of Wine is also campho­rated, and good for the same purposes, and may be given à ʒss. ad ʒi. or ʒij. Both Oyl and Spirit are good to stop a Gangreen, give ease in the Tooth-ache, and allay the pains of the Gout and Scia­tica. § 4. Oyl of Camphire by Spirit of Nitre: ℞ Cam­phire ℥iv. rectified Spirit of Nitre ℥viij. dissolve in a Ma­trass, stop the Vessel close, and set it over a Pot full of a Water a little heated, stir it now and then with a little stick to help forward the dissolution which will be done in two or three hours: so will the Camphire be turned into a clear Oyl, swim­ming above the Spirit, which separate and keep in a Vial well stopt for use. § 5. This Oyl is of excellent use to cure rebellious and stubborn Ul­cers; to remove the Caries of Bones, and to touch Nerves that are uncovered in Wounds. § 6. Some may think this to be a dangerous Medicine, be­cause of the violent impression [Page 137]which the corrosive Spirit does give to the Camphire in its dissolution; but by rea­son this preparation is never given inwardly, those scruples are caussess; Medicines much more acrimonious than this are commonly used, and yet esteemed without peril: and considering the uses it is put to, the Spirit of Nitre seems to be of absolute necessity, for the Oyl does so much the more and better, cleanse and scale rotten Bones, and foul Ulcers, and cause them to heal. § 7. This Oyl is only a dissolution of Camphire in Spirit of Nitre; for if you mix Water with it, and so destroy the force of the Spi­rit, it will return into Cam­phir as before: And of all the Rosins, this is the only one that will dissolve with Spirit of Nitre: from Camphire ℥iij. you will have of Oyl ℥iv. the Spirit of Nitre losing an Ounce in the dissolution. § 8. This dissolution is made with­out ebulition, or sensible heat, for Acids mixing with Sul­phur never make any ebuli­tion, because Sulphurs always submit without any resist­ance; and Camphire consist­ing of thin disunited parts, the Acids softly enter among them, and make an easie se­paration: § 9. Le Febure has a compound Oyl of Cam­phire, which is made after this manner: ℞ Camphire in gross Pounder ℥vj. Spirit of Ni­tre lb xij. put them into a Ma­trass, which stop with another, the neck of the one going into the other; lute the Juncture with a Bladder and Whites of Eggs, and digest in B. V. till the Camphire is dissolved and become an Oyl, swimming a­bove the Spirit: separate the Oyl, and add thereto rectified Oyl of Amber, Oyl of Juniper Berries, A. ℥iv. digest till they are united, then distil in a glass Retort in Ashes, cohobating three times; after which, re­ctifie upon Colcothar of Vitriol, till the Oyl comes forth clear, depurated, and fluid, the Cam­phire being made incorphoreal, and perfectly turned into an Oyl. § 10. This Oyl is Su­dorifick, and of mighty force to expel the malignity of the Plague, or Pestilence, Spotted Feaver, Measles, and Small­pox, and Poyson itself. It is also a Preservative Remedy in time of Plague, being both inwardly taken, and outward­ly applied. Inwardly, let it be taken, reduced into a dis­soluble Balsam, with double or treble refined Sugar in Pouder: Dose three or four drops in a Glass of Wine: Outwardly, let the Nostrils, [Page 138]Temples and Wrists at the beating of the Arteries, be anointed therewith, and by this means (being inwardly taken, and outwardly appli­ed) this Noble Remedy will sufficiently strengthen the Spi­rit, and all the Natural and Vital Faculties so, as that there shall be no fear of their being invaded by the Infecti­on, or Venom, and Poyson of the Plague. § 11. The use also of this Oyl cannot be sufficiently commended a­gainst Fits of the Mother, Vapours, and other Hysterick and Splenetick Passions, for it penetrates as in a moment, and appeases all those Hyste­rick Irritations. This Oyl is also a Noble Specifick in the Epilepsie, whether in Old or Young, but chiefly against that kind which proceeds from disaffections of the Me­sentry and Womb. Dose à gut. ij. ad iv. viij. or x. ac­cording to the Age, Sex, and force of the Disease. § 12. Terebinthinated Oyl of Cam­phir. ℞ Camphir ℥iv. Oyl of Turpentine ℥viij. mix, dissolve, and distil it, cohobating twice. It is a subtil Medicine, Alexi­pharmick, and Anodyn; gives ease in a cold Gout, and Aches and Pains from a cold Cause, and is profitable against the Palsie, being anointed upon the part affected. § 13. Rol­fincius his Oyl of Camphir: ℞ Camphir ℥ij. Oyl of Sweet Almonds ℥iij. dissolve the Cam­phir by digestion in a gentle heat, & cum homogeneo Men­struo Sulphureo per minima miscetur, and so keep it for use. You may give it a glorious red colour with Alkanet-roots. § 14. The celebrated Virtues of this Oyl are beyond all reproof; it provokes Sweat, purifies the Mass of Blood, strengthens the principal Ve­scera, resists the Infection of the Plague or Pestilence, and is profitable against all malign Feavers, if inwardly taken. Dose à gut. iij. ad vj. or viij. § 15. Utendi modus. ℞ Ge­nerous Wine ℥iv. Spirit of Saffron ʒ ss. of this Oyl gut. iv. ad vj. mix for a Draught. Outwardly, it is anointed up­on Gangreenated Parts, by which means it refocilates or recovers the dying heat, and resists the impending putre­faction. Angelus sala Hydre­laeologia, cap. 13. Prefert Cam­phorae in Substantia Ʋsum, o­leis quantum vis diligenter prae­paratis.

V. * Oleum Chartoe, Oyl of Paper.

Bate.] ℞ Paper, and light it, and put it upon Plates of Jupiter, or Tin, that it may be burnt, so will the Oyl adhere to the Tin-plates, which gather and keep for use. It wonder­fully prevails against an Alo­pecia, or Fox-like Falling of the Hair, Herpes, Impetigo, &c It is Anodyn, and eases the Pain of the Teeth.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery makes an Oyl and Spirit of it after ano­ther order, by distillation in a Retort, after this manner: Make white Paper up into lit­tle Pellets, and fill with them a greater Earthen Retort, or a glass one convered with lute, which place in a Reverberatory Furnace, with a large capacious Recipient well luted to it; make under it a fire, at first very gentle for about two hours, only to heat the Retort, then increase it with two or three Coals, and continue it so for two or three hours more, and then increase it to the third degree, and the Receiver will be filled with white Clouds; when no more will come, put out the fire; this Operation will be ended in about seven or eight hours: The Vessels being cold unlute them, and that which you have in the Receiver filter through brown Paper, so will the Spirit pass through the fil­ter, and a thick, black, ill-scen­ted Oyl, will be left at the bot­tom of the filter, which keep in a Vial close stopt for use. § 2. The Spirit you may rectifie by distilling it in Sand. It is an excellent Apperitive and Diuretick, and after an ad­mirable manner takes away all Obstructions of Urine, be­ing given à gut. x. ad xx. or xxx. in any proper Liquor. This Spirit is very acid in comparison of the Spirits of other Vegetables, because it comes from a [...] essential Salt, which has been put into a very considerable motion. § 3. For considering the ma­ny mutations of the Hemp and Flax, before it is brought into Cloth, or made Canvass of; and afterwards what it passes through when Cloth, by Washings, Boylings, Buc­kings, Whitings, &c. And lastly, what it meets withal by being converted into Pa­per, and the Fermentations which it there receives, it is possible that its fixt Salt may be so far volatilized, as to become of the nature of an essential Salt. § 4. Now in the distillation all this Salt becomes dissolved into a Li­quor by the Flegm, and con­verted [Page 140]into that which is cal­led Spirit; the which may be demonstrated with almost Mathematical certitude; for scarcely any fixed Salt at all can be drawn from the feces left in the Retort, but they are cast away as useless: it takes fire exceeding easily by reason of a sootiness adhering to it, which gives it the black colour. § 5. The Oyl is a good Remedy for Deafness, because that Dife [...]se is often caused by a thick pituitous humor, which dries and hard­ens in the Ear, so as to stop the Auditory N [...]rve; now this Oyl dissolves and thins this humor, or matter, and disposes it the better for its coming forth, by which means the noise and ringing in the Ears cease, being caused by Wind which this matter pent in. It may be dropt into the Ears, and fol [...]opt in with a little Cotton, dipt in the same. It cures the Tooth­ache, much like the Oyl of Guajacum; and being anoint­ed with, it helps Tettars, Ring-worms Herpes, and o­ther like breakings out: and being smelt to, and the No­strils touched or anointed therewith, it represses Vapors, and Hysterick Fits. § 6. You ought to use Paper white and clean, and not written upon, for the Ink thereupon may alter the Virtue of the Oyl and Spirits, and change the natures of the Preparations. § 7. The Receiver also ought to be large, that the white Vapours may have room to circulate in, for they come forth with that force, that o­therwise the Vessel would break, had they not room e­nough to play in: be cautious also in your fire, for if it be too great at first, for the first two or three hours, the Retort will infallibly be broken: from lbvj. or ninety six Oun­ces of Paper, you will have ℥ix. of Oyl, and fifty four Ounces of Spirit, there re­maining about thirty Ounces of Coals in the Retort.

VI. Oleum Heracleinum, Oyl of Hazel-wood.

Bate.] It is made of Hazel-wood cut down in September or March, cut into little bits; put them into a Retort and di­stil in Sand with a gradual fire: separate the Oyl from the Water S. A. It heats, in­cides, is anodyn, and an ex­cellent thing against the Epi­lepsie, and Pain of the Teeth. Gut. ij. iij. or iv. taken with Crums of Bread, kills Worms upon the spot, and brings them forth by Stool.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius, lib. 3. sect. 2. art. 1 cap. 11. makes it after this manner: ℞ Hazel-wood rasped, or in pieces, q. v. fill an earthen Re­tort therewith, fit to it a Re­ceiver, and distil with degrees of an open fire, so will you have Spirit and Oyl: separ ate the Oyl from the acid Spirit by fil­tration, and rectifie the Spirit. This Oleum Heraclinum Ru­landi, (saith he) Quercetanus judges to be Oyl of Box; but Libavius; Hartman, Ke­sle [...], and Beguinus, say it is the Oyl of the Hazel-wood; the Spirit and Oyl being recti­fied, both cure the Epilepsie, and Apoplexy, being inter­nally taken: Outwardly, with Cotton or Lint, some drops [...] the Oyl applied, it cures [...]e Tooth-ache; and anoint­ [...] upon the Navel, kills [...]orms, cases the Pains of [...]e Colick, and drives forth both Birth and After-birth, as also the dead Child. They are confirmed in the Opinion, that the Oleum Heraclinum is Oyl of Hazel-wood, because the Hazel-nuts are called Nu­ces Heracleoticae. See Beguinus Tyro. Chym. lib. 2. cap. 6. §2. Some Authors order the Wood to be ground into Pou­der, and then put into the Retort and distilled in Sand: and order the Oyl to be re­ctified with much Water to make it more pleasant; and the acid Spirit to be rectified in B. M. But Hartman in his Practical Chymistry, saith, it is more rightly distilled per Descensum, or per Vesicam. § 3. Schroderus in Pharmac. lib. 4. clas. 1. sect. 108. saith, That the Oyl is made by a Retort with a naked Fire, or by descent: and that both Spirit and Oyl are hot and inciding, anodyn, and ante­pileptick, and chiefly cure the Tooth-ache. Some, says he, will have Rulandus's Oyl of the Wood Heracleum to be the Oyl of Hazel-wood: for that the Hazel was first tran­slated from Heraclea Ponti in­to Greece where it was cal­led Heracleotica seu Pontica, and the Nuts, Heracleoticae: Tho' others again will not allow it, but affirm it to be the Oyl of the Box Wood, as Quercetanus, Tetrade affect. capitis, pag. 214, 215, 216. where he shews, that the Oyl of Box-wood, abounds with a very Narcotick Sulphur, and commends it against the E­pilepsie and Tooth-ache, Worms in the rotten Teeth, and hollow Teeth, a Tooth­pick being put into it, and the then put to the bottom of the hollow Tooth. § 4. But if we may be guided by the [Page 142]name of the thing, adding also the Authority of the greater number of the most Learned, we are obliged to conclude, that the Oleum He­raclinum Rulandi, and which our Author here intends, is truly the Oyl of Hazel-wood, and not of Box, to which the appellation has no relation.

VII. * Oleum Linteorum, Oyl of Linnen-cloth.

Bate.] It is made from Lin­nen-cloth [or old Linnen Rags] kindled and extinguished upon Plates of Tin, S. A. It is a powerful thing for the curing of Ophthalmies, a drop there­of being mixed with one of spittle.

Salmon.] It is distilled af­ter the way and manner as Oyl of Paper, at Sect. 5. a­foregoing, to which I refer you; and the Virtues and Uses are also the same. And an Oyl likewise may be di­stilled from the Hemp or Flax after it is peeled from the Bun, before it is spun or hac­kled, having the same uses and effects to every intenti­on and purpose.

VIII. Oleum Ludi, Oyl of the Gravelly Substance sticking to the bottoms of Cham­ber-pots.

Bate.] ℞ The Tartarous matter adhering to the bottoms and sides of Chamber-pots, which calcine and dissolve per deliquium, S. A. [that is, by passing it through a Bag in a cool Cellar, or other moist place.] It is prevalent in resolving Tartar in any part of the Bo­dy; yea, even to the dissol­ving of the greater Stones whether in the Reins or Blad­der, and to expel them. It also conduces wonderfully to open all Obstructions arising from those causes.

Salmon.] § 1. You may calcine the matter sever ways, either with Sal Nit [...] in about six hours time: [...] with Sulphur and Nitre: [...] with a treble quantity of Beech-tree Charcoal. § 2. Sen­nertus calcines with a Circu­lary Fire; then with Rever­beration; then with Beech Charcoal in a Potters Oven, Instit. lib. 5. par. 3. sect. 3. cap. 5. He also calcines with Nitre, and extracts a com­mon Salt with Spirit of Wine, then abstracting the Spirit of Wine, sets it in a cool moist Air to melt per deliquium. [Page 143]Dose à gr. vj. ad xij. in Par­fly, Arsmart, or Onion-wa­ter. § 3. Others calcine ei­ther with Beach Charcoal, or with Nitre, and elicit the Salt with some proper Diu­retical Water, or Spring-wa­ter, or with Flegm of Nitre or Allum, then filtrate, eva­porate, and melt per deliqui­um. Dose à gr. iv. ad x. plus-minus. § 4. And because this matter is full of an im­pure Sulphur, it may be dou­bly calcin'd, filtrated, and evaporated as aforesaid, so will the Oyl, per deliquium, be yet pur [...]r. § 5. Lastly, be­ing put into a Glass Retort and distilled as you do Harts­horn, you will have a volatile Salt sticking to the Neck of the Retort, and Sides of the Receiver, a Urinous Spirit, and a little quantity of stink­ing Oyl; all which may be rectified as other Oyls, Vo­latile Salts and Spirits, &c. These have the same Virtues with the Oyl per deliquium, but much more powerful; and all of them specifick a­gainst the Epilepsie, Apo­plexy, and Fits of the Mo­ther. § 6. Let the Salt be dissol­ved in the Spirit, and so kept, of which you may give à gut. x. ad xxx. or more, in any proper Liquor: the Oyl may be given à gut. ij. ad iv. or viij. first mix with a little of the Yolk of an Egg, and then with the Vehicle.

IX. Oleum Lumbricorum, Oyl of Earth-worms.

Bate.] It is distilled in a Sand hea [...] from Earth-Worms washed in Spanish Wine, S. A. It wonderfully prevails in the Cure of the Pal­sie.

Salmon.] § 1. The Worms ought to be carefully dried with a very gentle heat be­forehand, that they may be divested of the greatest part of their flegm, so will the O­peration be the sooner per­formed. § 2. Then being cut into pieces, put them into an Earthen Retort, or a Glass one coated, which place in a Rever­beratory Furnace, fit to it a great capacious Receiver, lu­ting the Juncture close; begin the distillation with a small Fire to warm the Retort, and drive out the remaining part of the flegm gutatim; when no more drops fall, increase the fire a little, and the Spirits will come forth, filling the Re­ceiver with white Clouds, and at last a black Oyl and vola­tile Salt, sticking to the sides of the Receiver: continue the fire till all is come forth that will; then cooling the Vessel, [Page 144]and unluting, shake the Re­ceiver, to loosen and mix the volatile Salt with the aqueous and spiritous Matter, put all into a Bolt-head, with its Re­ceiver, luting the Junctures well with a wet Bladder, then with a gentle Fire in a Sand heat, the volatile Salt will sub­lime to the top of the Bolt-head, which separate and keep by it self. § 3. What remains fil­ter through brown Paper, so will the Flegm and Spirit pass, leaving the Oyl behind; keep each by themselves for their particular uses. The Spirit, you may, if you so please, rectifie from its Flegm, casting the Flegm away. § 4. The Oyl is fetid, and stinks so abominably, that it is scarce possible to be used a­lone, especially unrectified. To rectifie it, you must mix it with Pouder of Bone-ashes, or Colcothar, and draw it off from them, so will it be pure, and divested much of its stink­ing scent, but scarce tolerable to be used by Ʋnction. § 5. The Spirit, volatile Salt, and Oyl, have all one and the same Virtues, save the volatile Salt is the more powerful, the Spi­rit next in virtue, then the Oyl: the two first are to be given inwardly, the Oyl on­ly to be used outwardly by Unction, as we shall present­ly teach you. § 6. The Spi­rit is given à gut. xx. ad xxx. or xl. The volatile Salt à gr. iv. ad xij. or xiv. in any Specifick Vehicle against the Palsie, Apoplexy, (for which they are Specificks) Epilepsie, Vertigo, Lethargy, Consum­ptions, and all other cold and moist Diseases of the Head, Brain, and Nerves, as also against the Pleurisie, and all Disaffections of the Lungs, and Womb, as Va­pours, Hysterick Fits, and such like. § 7. Outwardly, the Paralytick Parts are to be anointed with the rectified Oyl, as also the Sutures of the Head, Temples, Nostrils, &c. But because it is so o­dious by reason of its ill scent and nastiness; we shall here teach you to convert it into the Potestates of the same, which are a Medicine so near and cleanly, that it will scarce­ly foul the finest and cleanest Linnen. § 8. These Potesta­tes are thus made: ℞ Of the best rectified Spirit of Wine lb ij. Volatile Salt of Earth-worms ʒ j. mix and digest two Months, till the Spirit is im­pregnated with the Salt: de­cant it from the remaining Salt (for all of it, it will not suck up) and add thereto of the for­mer rectified Oyl ℥j. mix by shaving them well together, di­gest [Page 145]two Months, and then draw them off together in an Alem­bick, so will they be intimately united and remain together for ever; and thus have you the Powers of Earth-worms, ha­ving all the Virtues of the Spirit and Salt aforemention­ed; and may be given in­wardly à ʒss. ad ʒi. in any fit Liquor, and bathed withal outwardly for the Cure of the Palsie, as our Author has directed, being ten times more effectual than his distil­led Oyl prescribed, which stinks (as I said before) so e­gregiously, that it is scarcely possible to be used.

X. Oleum Martis, Oyl of Mars, or Iron.

Bate.] It is made of the Rust of Mars, contracted by sprink­ling it with Aqua Stygia, then washing it with Water, fil­tring and exhaling it to an Oleagniosity, S. A. It is one of the greatest Deobstructors in the World. Dose gr. iv. or v. &c.

Salmon.] § 1. This is not Oleum Martis, for that is Oyl made of the Vitriol of Mars, of which we have nothing to say here, for that there is no difference in the preparation thereof, from that of the pre­paration of the Common Oyl of Vitriol, all the same Rules, Directions and Cautions be­ing to be observed in the one, that is observed in the other. § 2. This here is rather a Tin­cture of Mars extracted with common Water, the Body of the Mars being beforehand opened with Aqua Fortis, or Spirit of Nitre, by virtue of which the Tincture of the Mars is extracted by the Water; which being filtred and abstracted to the thick­ness of Oyl, receives its deno­mination from the likeness which it has thereto. § 3. Le Mort makes it after this man­ner: ℞ Filings of Mars ℥ xiv. Spirit of Common Salt ℥j. fair Water ℥viij. mix, and digest for three or four days, stirring it twice a day: then add Cry­stals of Tartar in fine Po [...]der ℥viij. mix them well again; and add fair Water again a sufficient quantity, boyl them together for an hour in an Iron Pot or Kettle, continually ad­ding fresh Water, as the Mat­ter evaporates; then filter, or let it settle, pouring off the clear Liquor, which evaporate to the consistency of a thin Sy­rup: add an half part of recti­fied Spirit of Wine, and keep it for use. § 4. Lemery makes it thus: ℞ Rust of Iron ℥xij. White Tartar lb ij. Pouder and mix them together, then boyl [Page 146]them in an Iron Pot with lb xij. or xv. of Rain-water for 12 hours with a soft fire: stir the matter with an Iron-slice often, of al­most continually, taking care to put in more boyling Water into the Iron Pot, according as it consumes: then leave it for a while to settle, and you will have a black Liquor, which fil­trate and evaporate in an Ear­then Pan over a Sand heat to the consistence of a thin Syrup, or till a little pellicle rises upon it. § 5. Now here is to be noted in this Preparation, that Water alone would not be strong enough to pene­trate the Iron, so as to make a Tincture, tho' it should be boyl'd for a year together; and therefore our Author in his way, makes the Rust with Aqua Stygia. § 6. Le Mort uses Spirit of Salt, and a small proportion of Tartar; but Lemery, because he uses no Aqua Fortis, nor Sp. Salis, takes so much the larger a propor­tion of Tartar; with these things the Water being im­pregnated it dissolves the Mars very easily, and gives it strength enough to extract almost its very Soul. § 7. But you must not think that this Oyl-like Body is a perfect solution of Mars; for if there was an intire solution of it, there would appear no more Tincture than there does in the Solution of it, with Spi­rit of Vitriol and Water; but because the soluble parts of the Tartar, which is the A­gent in this Operation is only an impure acid Salt, it can but grosly rarifie or open the Mars, and after mixing with it, keep it suspended in the Water. § 8. After the Tin­cture is drawn, there remains a whitish matter, which may be cast away as nothing worth, being a mixture of the grosser and unclean parts of the Tartar and Mars. and the Tincture has a sweetness in it, from whence, as also from its Consistence or Body, some are pleased to call it a Syrup: Others an Oyl, tho' in truth, it is neither. § 9. It is brought by evaporation to the consistency of an Oyl or Syrup, that it might keep the better; but Le Mort thought good to add to it Spirit of Wine for its greater security and preservation.

XI. Oleum Polypodii, Oyl of Polipody.

Bate.] It is made from the dryed Roots, distilled by a Re­tort in Sand, S. A. It serves for catching of Fishes.

Salmon.] § 1. It is found on Beech and Hazel-Trees, [Page 147]and stony Places, but that from the Oak is best. § 2. The Root in form of a Deco­ction, purges Melancholy, and tough Flegm, and opens Ob­structions of the Liver, Spleen, Womb, and Mesentery, but because it is but a slow Purge it is seldom given alone, but with other stronger Purges. § 3. Being distilled its Ca­thartick Virtue is totally de­stroyed; you having instead thereof a sharp, opening Spi­rit, and a fetid Oyl: The Spirit is profitably given a­gainst Venereal Defedations, and Dietetically; you may give it à ʒi. ad ʒij. or more in Drink, or Decoction of Guajacum. § 4. The Oyl is so fetid, that it is not possibly to be taken inwardly with­out rectification, and then at best it is a loathsome Medi­cine; which tho' it may be good against the Venereal Di­stemper, Leprosie, and other Impurities of the Blood, is seldom or never taken; for that many other Medicines, a thousand times more grate­ful, and possibly more effica­cious, are ever ready at hand to be had: what its other Properties are, our Author has told you, which is the Catching of Fish, which it does by drawing them toge­ther after it, by reason of its strong scent. § 5. As for the way and manner of making it, there is no difficulty in it; being cut into bits, you may fill an Earthen Retort full thereof, and having luted thereto a Re­ceiver, you may perform the distillation in Sand, first with a gentle fire, then with a stron­ger, augmenting it even to the last degree, in all respects as we have before taught you in the distillation of Guajacum.

XII. Oleum Sacchari Simplex; Oyl of Sugar simple.

Bate.] It is made with Su­gar-candy, and Spirit of Wine, ana, being mixed and dissol­ved in the heat of B. M. then by burning the Spirit away to the Consistence of a Syrup, S. A.

Salmon.] § 1. This is no Oyl, but a Syrup, and re­ceives its denomination only from its Form, Body, or Con­sistency. § 2. It was design­ed against Coughs, Colds, Wheezings, Asthma's, Short­ness of Breath, Difficulty of Breathing, and other Distem­pers of the Brest and Lungs. § 3. The way of using it is thus: ℞ Of this Syrup ℥ij. Ele­campane in fine Pouder, ʒ j. Ginger in fine Pouder ℈j. Cate­chu in fine [...] ℈ss. mix for a Dose [...] Mor­ning [Page 148]and Evening; the Sick may also lick of it in the day time, as often as the Cough returns.

XIII. * Oleum Sacchari Com­positum, Oyl of Sugar com­pound.

Bate.] ℞ Dates cut into pieces ℥ij. Figs ℥iij. Hyssop, M. j. Liquorice, Aniseeds, Cotton-seeds, A. ʒ vj. Roots of Florentine Orrice ℥j. Spirit of Wine lb ij. boyl by burning to the consumption of the half, then strain through Hippo­crates's Sleeve, dissolving in it Sugar-candy a sufficient quan­tity. It prevails against Asth­ma's, Coughs, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. This is no Oyl of Sugar, any more than the former, and is only so called with respect to the Form or Consistence, being more properly a Syrup. § 2. The Virtues are the same with the former, but is more Pectoral, and therefore to be made use of in the more de­sperate cases, thus: ℞ Of this compounded Syrup ℥j. Elecampane in fine Pouder, Aniseeds, ana ℈j. Pepper in fine Pouder, gr. x. mix for a Dose to be taken Morning and Evening, and to be lickt of in th [...] [...] as need re­qui [...] [...] makes an Oyl of Sugar after this man­ner: ℞ Sugar lb j. Sand, or washed Ashes lb iij. mix them, and put them into a Glass Re­tort, and distil with a very gentle fire in Sand, at last in­creasing the fire almost to a red hot heat, so have you Oyl and Spi­rit, which you may separate. § 4. The Spirit opens Obstructions of the Breast, Lungs, and uri­nary parts: The Oyl is Pecto­ral, and may be mixt with other Pectorals, and so given. Dose of the Spirit, so much as to give any Wine, Ale, or Cordial Draught a pleasant acidity: the Oyl may be gi­ven à gut. vj. ad xij. or more, mixed with proper Pectorals as afore directed.

XIV. * Oleum Saponis, Oyl of Soap.

Bate.] It is made of Veneti­an Soap thin sliced or scraped, and Spirit of Wine, of each a like quantity, being distilled by a Retort, first with a gentle fire, then increasing it grada­tim. Let the Oyl swimming upon the Green Water be sepa­rated. It is good against Con­vulsions and Pains of the Head, being anointed upon the Temples, Nape of the Neck and Nostrils. It helps also against the Gout, Con­tusions, and Worms, being [Page 149]anointed upon the place affe­cted, and then a Colwort-leaf applied over them.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius, Art. Chimiae, lib. 3. sect. 2. art. 1. cap. 15. makes it af­ter this manner: ℞ Venice Soap thin sliced or rasped lb j. Calx Vive finely pulverized lb ij. mix them well, then sprin­kle them with White-wine: put all into a strong glass Re­tort: begin the distillation with a very gentle fire, increasing it to the third degree, so will you have Flegm and a rubicund Oyl, which keep in a Glass close stopt for use. § 2. It resolves and dissipates cold Tumors; helps the Spleen and Vapors, being anointed upon the Re­gion of the Spleen; and a­nointed upon the Joynts it eases the Gout, and dissolves the Tartarous Nodes thence arising. § 3. It stinks much, and therefore it is necessary that it should be once or twice rectified from Colcothar, or Bone-ashes, for by that means it will be finer and subtiller, and lose much of its Empyreu­ma. § 4. A warming and strengthning Emplaster, and good against Fits of the Mo­ther, you may make after this manner: ℞ Galbanum, Am­moniacum, A. ℥ij. Wax, Oyl of Soap, A. ℥j. mix and make an Emplaster.

XV. Oleum Tabaci, Oyl of Tobacco.

Bate.] It is made of the dry­ed Leaves by a Retort, or from the Seeds bruised, by expression. It is of use against Pains of the Gout, Rheumatism, Tooth­ache, Worms, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. By the leave of our Author, there is a vast difference between a distilled Oyl drawn by a Retort from the dryed Leaves, and the ex­pressed Oyl from the Seeds: An Ounce of the latter is not equal in Virtue and Power to ten drops of the former. § 2. How this Oyl is parti­cularly to be made we shall not here repeat, forasmuch as we have largely performed that task in Chap. 2. Sect. 34. § 3. & 15. where also we have amply shewn its recti­fication, and several uses, with the way of its exhibiti­on or [...]pplication. § 3. In making of this Oyl you have also a Spirit fill'd with vo­latile Salt, which you are to rectifie, as (in the place cited) you are directed, which has admirable Vertues, and in my Opinion, much tran­scending the Oyl. § 4. To make the Oyl of the Seeds by expression: Let them be ground in a Mustard-Quern as [Page 150]fine as for Mustard, then put them into a Bag of new strong Canvass; tie the mouth of it fast, and put it between two Tin-plates, or Plates of Wood lined with Tin, which place in an Almond-press, squeezing it at first very gently, but after­wards with a very great force, leaving the Bag in the Press, till the Oyl has time to drop forth. § 5. Now here is to be noted, that if the Seeds be heat in an Earthen Pan, or Frying-pan, till they be pret­ty warm, before they are put into the Bag, (which ought to be wetted and wrung hard out of hot Water) you will have the more of Oyl. 2. That if you press strongly at first, some particles of the Seeds will be apt to come through the Bag, whereby your Oyl will be thick and filthy, which otherwise would be pure and clear.

XVI. * Oleum Vitrioli [...]ulce, Sweet Oyl of Vitriol.

Bate.] ℞ Rectified Oyl of Vitriol j. part: Alcohol of Wine lb iv. digest thirty or forty days, and then distil by a Retort, co­hobating three or four times till they are united, S. A. It is profitable against the Stone, Tartarous Diseases, Catarrhs, &c. Dose ℈ij. in some proper Liquor.

Salmon.] § 1. By j. part in this place is intended lbj. and it is the same proportion which is limited in our Phar­macopoeia Londinensis, lib. 3. cap. 11. sect. 94. where the Process is amply explicated, together with its several Vir­tues and Uses. § 2. But Mon­sieur Charras alters the pro­portion, and makes it by mixing the two inequal pro­portions, and then distilling the mixture in a Glass Alem­bick in an Ash heat with a moderate fire. By this in­ward Union (says he) of the acid of the Vitriol, with the volatile Sulphur of the recti­fied Spirit, there arises a com­position much more sweet in savour, and gentle in all its effects, than was the Oyl of Vitriol before its conjunction. § 3. And tho' we must con­fess, that this Spirit is com­posed of two; nevertheless, we have a better Opinion thereof, because they unite without the destruction of each other, and that by this new disposal of their parts through this Union, that which both of them had of Violent, is qualified, and their joynt operation much more proper and fitted to our Nature. § 4. So that the use of this Spirit is of much more advantage, than that of [Page 151]the unmixed Spirit, especial­ly to those Persons to whom Acids are injurious, and that it is much more proper for several Diseases, especially the Scurvy; for the Spirit of Wine imparts to the Oyl of Vitriol a Diaphoretick Virtue, yet does not deprive it of its quality or property it has to open Obstructions, and streng­then the parts. § 5. Maets takes Oyl of Vitriol lb j. Tarta­rised S. V. lb iij. digest them together for a Night, and in the Morning distil them by a Retort, and De Nova, digests for a Night again, reiterating this Work three or four times, till the Acrimony of the Oyl of Vitriol is apparently abated. Thus, saith he, you have a most temperate Menstruum for extracting the Tinctures of multitude of Vegetables. § 6. This Spirit allays the febrile heat and ardours of the Blood, powerfully cuts tough Flegm, and opens the most obdurate Obstructions; it breaks and dissolves the Stone and Gravel, whether in the Reins or Bladder, expel­ling the same by Urine. § 7. From the Caput Mort. an a­cid Spirit, but much less vio­lent than that which is drawn from Vitriol after the ordi­nary manner, may be ex­tracted by laying it in a place where it may receive the Beams of the Sun, Influences of the Moon and Heavenly Bodies, with the Moisture of the Air, but yet so that no Rain may fall upon it, and leaving it there for about a Year. § 8. By this means the Terra Damnata (being depri­ved of its own natural Salt, but not of its Ferment) will be impregnated with the a­cid Salt of the Air, and be­come in a sort a new kind of Vitriol, from whence by the ordinary method, in about twelve hours time, you may draw an acid Spirit very pleasing (called by some Spi­ritus Vitrioli Regeneratus) which being compared with the former strong Oyl of Vi­triol, may well be accounted among the number of the sweet Spirits of Vitriol, for which reason sake, we have discoursed it here. Dose ℈ij. ad ʒj. § 9. A sweet Spirit of Vitriol compound. ℞ Vitriol calcin'd to redness in Pouder lb iv. Flints calcin'd, and in Pouder lb v. Salt of Tartar cal­cin'd to whiteness lb j. mix and put altogether into a Retort, which place upon a naked fire in a close Reverberatory, with a very large Receiver, and di­stil as for the common Spirit and Oyl, till all is come forth. This done, cohobate the Liquor [Page 152]upon the Caput Mort, reitera­ting the distillation, and re­peating this cohobation and di­stillation three times. § 10. Thus have you a Spirit powerful to open Obstructions of Liver, Spleen, and Bowels, profita­ble especially in Dropsies and Jaundice, being used as you use the former. § 11. Spiri­tus Vitrioli Dulcis Paracelsi: ℞ Common Oyl of Vitriol, co­hobate it upon the Caput Mort, and distil, reiterating the Cohobation, and distilling nine times; with this last Spi­rit mix the Caput Mort. a­gain, and affuse thereon so much tartarised S. V. as may make the whole into a Paste, which put into a Retort, di­stilling with a gradual fire as before, so have you Paracel­sus's corrected sweet Spirit of Vitriol. This he commends against the Epilepsie, given à vj. ad xij. drops, or more in any Antepileptick Water. § 12. Hartman's dulcified An­tepileptick Spirit of Vitriol. ℞ Hungarian Vitriol, Chil­dren's Ʋrine: mix and digest for some days in B. M. then draw off in the same Balneo the Water or Flegm to driness, (which Water is good against the Gout, and a peculiar Re­medy for most Diseases of the Eyes) pouder the feces, put them into a Retort, with a ve­ry large Receiver, and with a naked and gradual fire, forces over the Spirit of an austere savour, and sulpherous smell, which rectifie twice. § 13. This (says he) is an infallible Re­medy and absolute Cure for the Epilepsie in Children. Dose ℈j. with a little Water and Spirit of Peony-Roots and Flowers, giving it in the Fit, and continuing the use of it so long as need requires.

I. * Balsamum Apoplecticum, Apoplectick Balsam.

Bate.] ℞ DIstilled Oyls of Ci­namon, Cloves, Lavender, Limons, Marjoram, Mint, Rue, Rosemary, Sage, Rhodium, Wormwood, A. gut. vj. Bitumen Judaicum in fine Pouder ʒ ij. Oyl of Nutmegs by Expression ℥j. Balsamum Pe­ruanum. q. s. mix and make a Balsam. It comforts the Head, discusses cold Humors, for which reason it prevails a­gainst Apoplexies, Swoonings, and Palsies, being put into the Nostrils, or otherwise ap­plied. Internally it is given à gr. iij. ad vj. &c. with some Cephalick Electuary.

Salmon.] § 1. This Apo­plectick Balsam as it is now used, is only smelt to; but that can do but little good; if you would have it power­ful to the intention, which is to cure all the parts affected, bathe it well in before a Fire. § 2. If the Head be afflicted you must anoint the Temples, Sutures of the Head, and Nostrils: if for a Palsie, anoint the Back-bone from the Nape of the Neck to the Rump, as also the Paralytick Parts; and be sure to do it twice a day, for a Month or six Weeks together, and be not weary; too soon giving over the use of a Medicine (thô it might be the best in the World) as it frustrates the intention for which it is used, so it disparages the Me­dicine, and causes the Physi­cian to be slighted and despi­sed, who otherwise may be a Man of Learning and Abi­lity enough. § 3. If it be made for Great and Noble Persons who are able to pay for it, you may add choice Musk, Ambergriese, A. ʒ ss. O­riental Civet ℈j. which being ground together with a few drops of pure Juyce of Le­mons, may be mixt with the Composition.

II. * Balsamum Magistrale, The Magistral Balsam.

Bate.] ℞ Distilled Oyls of Spike, and of Bays, Oyl of Pe­ter, A. ℥j. Caranna, red San­ders in Pouder, Oyl of Hyperi­con ℥iss. liquid Storax ℥iv. Wax ℥ivss. Venice Turpentine ℥viij. Choice Oyl Olive lb iss. boil all for an hour, then add distilled Oyl of Juniper-berries ℥j. Oyl of Cloves ʒ j. Oyl of Cinamon ʒ ss. mix them S. A. It most effectually heals green Wounds whether internal or external, and is profitable a­gainst all sorts of Burnings, Contusions or Bruises, Pains in the Bones and Nerves. It is good against the Head­ache, being anointed on the Nostrils and Temples: being applied to the Sides with warm Cloths, it discusses Wind, and eases Pain. It gives ease in the Colick, and Pains of the Feet, being a­nointed warm thereon, they being first cut or pared to the quick. It stops the Bleed­ing of the Nose, kills Worms, being internally given, and outwardly applied.

Salmon.] § 1. The Pro­portions are not exquisite; For what signifies ℥iss. of Oyl of Hypericon to above forty Ounces of the Composition? it may either be left out, or ought to be added in a lar­ger proportion, as ℥iv. at least. § 2. I dislike the Pre­paration; for if you put in the distilled Oyls of Spike and Bays, and the Oyl of Peter, before the Boiling, they (by reason of their subtility and volatility) will all boyl away, and so the Medicine will be never the better. My Opinion is, that they ought to be put in at last after the boyling, with the Oyls of Juniper, Cinamon, and Cloves. § 3. At the end of the work, every thing being perfectly dissolved that will dissolve, the whole ought to be strain­ed; for otherwise you will find some kind of filth or feces, which will diminish the pleasant look of the Bal­sam.

III. Balsamum Martiale, Bal­sam of Mars.

Bate.] ℞ Mars purified ℥iv. affuse thereon Oyl of Tur­pentine ℥v. after put in Gut­tatim Spirit of Nitre ℥iij. di­gest in a gentle heat for some days; then decant the pure Bal­sam, S. A. It is the greatest of Vulneraries.

Salmon.] § 1. This is ta­ken from Zwelfer, Mantiss. Spagyric. par. 1. cap. 4. pag. 808 [Page 155]but somewhat differs in the Composition. In the Author it is thus: ℞ Pure and clean Filings of Mars ℥ij. Oyl of Turpentine, or Oyl of Juniper, or Aniseeds, or Fenuel, which of them you please ℥iij. mix them, and instil thereto by drops, and at times of the acid chalibeat Spirit of Sal Armo­niack; or for want thereof, a pure Spirit of Nitre: mace­rate them a little while, so will you have in the Oyl a rubicund Tincture, which separate from its feces by filtring, and keep for use. § 2. The acid cha­libeat Spirit of Sal Armoni­ack, is made from Sal Armo­niack sublimed from an equal quantity of pure Filings of Mars, in a Glass Alimbeck, or Glazed Earthen Cucurbit, upon a naked Fire, first gentle, and then increasing it with degrees of heat, till the bottom of the Cucurbit is red hot (saving the volatile Spirit as it comes forth). ℞ This Martial Sublimate, mix it with the Caput Mort. very well, expose it to the moist Air, that it may be impregna­ted, and begins to ascend in Flowers of a yellowish colour: put this impregnated Mass into a large Glass Retort, with a long Neck well coated; place it in a Reverberatory, on a naked Fire, with a large Re­ceiver, well closed in the Joynt, then distil first with a gentle Fire, to force the Flegm; then with a stronger gradatim, that the Spirit in the form of Clouds may follow, by little and little, which continue till the cloudy Spirits disappear, so will you have the acid saline Spirit of Sal Ammoniack of a Golden colour, (much like to Spirit of Salt) by one only distillation pure and deflegmated. § 3. This is the Spirit which Zwel­fer uses in making of this Balsamum Martiale, for want of which, he says, you may use Spirit of Nitre, and that our Author to avoid such a great labour, chose rather to do: however, I thought good to give the Prescript, that e­very man may take his choice. § 4. This Balsam, says Zwel­fer is a present Remedy a­gainst the Stone, and Ulcers of the Reins, the Colick, the Nephritick Passion, and all other internal Ulcers, of what kind soever, healing them af­ter a most effectual manner: Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j. § 5. It has also the same effects upon exter­nal Ulcers, doing more than can possible be imagined in a very short time; and there­fore may very well be ac­counted among the best of Vulneraries Zwelfer also makes it with Ol. Vitrioli.

IV. Balsamum Paralyticum, The Palsie Balsam.

Bate.] ℞ Venice Turpentine lb iv. Olibanum, Aloes, Castor, Myrrh, Xyloaloes, Flowers of Hypericon, A. ℥j. Gum Elemi, Labdanum, A. ℥iij. Styrax li­quida ℥ij. Balsam of Peru ℥iv. Calamus Aromaticus, Galangal, Cloves, A. ʒ vj. Cinamon ℥iss. Flowers of Rosemary and Sage, A. ʒ x. all being rightly prepa­red, mix them with the Tur­pentine, adding S. V. lb iv. di­gest warm for six days, then distil through a large Retort in Ashes, first with a gentle fire for forty eight hours, so that the Retort by degrees may grow warm: then for some time with a stronger; and at length with the highest degree of heat; so will you have, 1. A Water which is called, Mater Bal­sami. 2. A yellow Oyl of a thin substance, which is called, Balsamum Paralyticum. 3. A thick Oyl, which is called, O­leum Balsami. It wonder­fully comforts the Nerves, cures the Palsie and Contra­ctures, outwardly anointing with it, and inwardly ta­king of it.

Salmon.] § 1. This is taken from Phirovant's Secrets, lib. 3. cap. 2. but differs some­thing from that Composition; which is this: ℞ Venice Tur­pentine ℥iv. Olibanum, Myrrh, Gum Hedera, Galbanum A. ℥j. Oyl of Bays, Gum Arabick, A. ʒ x. Lignum Aloes, Galingal, Cloves, Consolida Minor, Ci­namon, Nutmegs, Zedoary, Gin­ger, white Dittany, A. ʒ iij. Musk Ambergrise, A. ℈j. beat all these things together, and put them into a Retort of Glass, well coated, and put thereto recti­fied Aqua Vitae lb ij. digest eight days, then distil in Sand, so will you have a white Water mixed with Oyl: let the Fire be but gentle, till a blackish Oyl begins to come; then change your Receiver, and increase the Fire till all be come forth, so will you have Water and a black Oyl, which separate. The first Water is white, and is called Aqua Balsami, and the Oyl separated from it is cal­led, Oleum Balsami. The se­cond Water which is fetid, is called, Mater Balsami; and the Oyl separated from it cal­led, Balsamum Artificiale. § 2. The first Water is good for the Eyes, and to clear the Skin, being washed therewith; taken inwardly, it is good against Gravel, and to pro­voke Urine, and is preva­lent against all manner of Wounds, in what place of the Body soever, if washed therewith, and Cloths wet [Page 157]therein be laid thereon: It is also good against Whee­sings, Catarrhs, Coughs, Gouts, and such like. § 3. The o­ther Water called, Mater Bal­sami, cures Scabs in a short time, if washed therewith, as also the Leprosie, white Scall, and all sorts of Ulcers which are not corroding, and heals them to a Miracle, without any trouble; as also many other Diseases of the Nerves and Joynts. § 4. The Oleum Balsami cures many Diseases, chiefly Wounds in the Head, tho the Cranium and Mem­branes should be hurt: It is good against the Palsie and Gout, from a cold Cause, be­ing anointed with. And ta­ken inwardly, it is most ex­cellent against the Pleurisie, ℈j. of it being taken at a time in Balm-water, or some such like thing. § 5. The Balsa­num Artificiale, is good a­gainst any Stich in the Side, being taken inwardly à ℈j. ad ʒss, in any proper Vehicle; as also against Vapours and Fits of the Mother: It is good against Coughs, Colds, Catarrhs, and Coldness of the Head and Stomach, as also for Wounds in the Head, the Head and Stomach being a­nointed therewith. It is good against a Quartane, the Back, Stomach, Bowels, and Pulses being anointed therewith; as also against Palsies, and other Diseases of the Nerves and Joynts. § 6. But considering of what differing Substances this Preparation is composed, and how many Aromatick things are in it, we cannot commend the Modus Prepa­randi, for that those things which are of themselves, and in their own nature fragrant and odoriferous, are by this means made extreamly fetid and ingrateful: nor do we think it prudent or necessary to put odoriferous Ingredi­ents into Medicines which are distilled by a Retort, for by that means their fragran­cy is lost, and the pure odour of the Ingredients destroyed. § 7. If therefore you would prepare this Balsam according to Art, you must proceed after this manner: ℞ Venice Turpentine lb iv. Oblibanum, Myrrh, Gum Hedera, Galba­num, Aloes, A. lb j. Castoreum, Xyloaloes, Galangal, Zedoary, Ginger, Acorus, A. lb ss. Flow­ers of Rosemary, Sage, Laven­der, Liquid Styrax, Labda­num, Gum Elemi, Balsam of Peru, A. ℥iv. Cloves, Nutmegs, Cinamon, A. ℥iij. rectified Spi­rit of Wine lb vj. pouder what are to be poudered, and bruise what are to be bruised, then mix altogether, and put them [Page 158]into a Glass Cucurbit: di­gest a Week then distil in B. M. to driness: so have you a sweet or odoriferous Spirit and Oyl, which take, se­parate, and keep by themselves. § 8. This done, ℞ All the dry matter left in the bottom of the Cucurbit, beat it into gross Pouder, put it into a Re­tort, and distil upon a naked Fire in a close Reverberatory, so will you have an acid Water, and a fetid Oyl, which take rectifie, separate, and keep by themselves also. By this means you have all the virtue, pow­er, and efficacy out of the Ingredients, preserving their natural properties and quali­ties entire. § 9. By the first di­stillation you have the odori­ferous Spirit and Oyl, profi­table against most Diseases of the Head, Brain, Nerves, and Joynts: and by the latter di­stillation, the acid Spirit, and fetid Balsam; the last of which, may be of good use in many external Diseases, as is before declared: the acid Spirit is Sudorifick, purifies the Blood, and is of excellent use against the Lues Venerea. § 10. The odoriferous Spirit is excellent against the Plague or Pestilence, and infallibly cures it, if the Brain and Heart be not smot, about ʒij. of it being given in a Glass of fragrant Wine, and the Stomach anointed with the fragrant Oyl, and then the Patient made to sweat there­upon. It comforts the Sto­mach, consumes cold Hu­mours, causes an Appetite and good Digestion, and is an excellent thing against Pal­fies, Convulsions, Weakness of the Optick Nerves, and o­ther Diseases of the Head and Brain. § 11. The odori­ferous Oyl preserves all things from putrefaction, is good a­gainst the Plague or Pesti­lence, cures the Gout and Sciatica, and is profitable a­gainst Palsies, Convulsions, Cramps, Numbness, Loss of the use of Limbs, and is good against Rheums, Coughs, Ca­tarrhs, Colds, Stitches, Pleu­risies, and expels the Stone and Gravel, whether in Reins or Bladder. Dose à gut. viij. ad xx. dropt into white Su­gar, and drunk in Parsly-wa­ter. § 12▪ It has all the Virtues of the Natural Balsam, and cures all manner of Wounds wheresoever, if drest there­with, and if timely applied, at one application: held in the Month, also, it gives ease in the Tooth-ache; so also, if a hollow Tooth be stopt with a little Cotton, or Lint dip therein. § 13. The fe­tid Oyl is of use for curing [Page 159]outwardly Ulcers and Fistu­la's, and other like stubborn and rebellious running old Sores; it also allays Vapours, and helps Fits of the Mother by smelling to it, or anoint­ing it on the Nostrils, and sometimes taking it inwardly à gut. j. ad iv.

V. Balsamum Saturnium, Balsam of Saturn.

Bate.] ℞ Salt of Saturn ℥iv. Spirit of Turpentine ℥xij. mix and digest according to Art. It is of very great use in Chyrurgery: heals inve­terate Ulcers and Tumours, cures Wounds, and preserves them from Accidents, more especially if a little Camphir be added thereto: it prevails also against Fistula's, Cancers, Morphew, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. The Prescript is exactly from Le Mort, who when they are mixt, advises you to let them stand in di­gestion for six days, till the Oyl or Spirit is tinged of a most rubicund colour, and the Sal or Saccharum is whol­ly dissolved, still adding a little more, as long as it will dissolve any: And if ʒ j. of Camphir be dissolved in eve­ry Ounce of the Balsam, it will be yet more efficacious. § 2. Or thus, according to Lemery: ℞ Salt of Saturn ℥viij. rectified Oyl of Turpen­tine, so much as to cover it four inches deep; being put into a Matrass, place it in a gentle Sand heat, digesting for a day, or till you have a red Tincture; which decant, and put on more Oyl of Turpentine digesting as before; then decant the Tin­cture again, which is a little coloured; and there will remain a little feces at bottom, which you may revive into Lead in a Crucible. Put these dissoluti­ons into a Glass Retort, place it in Sand, and fit to it a Re­ceiver, and with a very gentle Fire distil off about two thirds of the Oyl of Turpentine, cease the Fire, and cool the Retort, pouring that out which is in it, into a Glass Vial, which keep for Balsam of Saturn. § 3. It is excellent for curing Fi­stula's, cleansing and cica­vizing of Ulcers: It heals Cankers, being but touched with it, thô never so bad, for it mightily resists putre­faction, heals Wounds, and cures an Atrophy in any par­ticular part. § 4. It is also of wonderful use in a hot Gout, if a little Lint, or Cloth be moistned in it, and applied to the part. It is said also to cure Suffusions or Cata­racts in the Eyes, and to take away redness and blood-shot [Page 160]in them. § 5. It has all the Vir­tues of the Saccharum Saturni, but much more powerful, and by reason of the Correction of the Ol. Terebinth. may be the more safely taken inward­ly. Dose à gut. j. ad vj. § 6. Now here is to be no­ted, That this Oyl of Tur­pentine dissolves Lead, and easily unites with it, because of its sulphurous nature, and therefore if you should persist in putting on new Spirit or Oyl of Turpentine on the remaining matter, all the Sac­charum would at last dissolve. § 7. A Compound Balsam of Saturn. ℞ Filing of Mars cleansed q. v. put upon them rectified Spirit of Salt, so much as to over-top them four inches: let them stand together till the effervescence ceases, and the Spi­rit of Salt grows sweet; which sign appearing, filtrate the Spi­rit, and evaporate to one half: then add an equal quantity of Saccharum Saturni, put them into a Retort, and with a gen­tle fire draw off the superfluous Liquor to driness; so in the bottom of the Retort will re­main a mass of a rubicund [...]o­lour, sweet like to Sugar, and most powerfully astringent. § 8. This being given inward­ly, it most happily cures Dy­senteries Hemorrhagies, and the overflowing of the Terms, as also the Hepatick Flux, and the Caeliack Passion. §9. Outwardly, mixed with a­ny convenient Vehicle, and injected by a Syringe into Wounds, it cures their He­morrhage or Bleeding, ob­tunds the sharpness of Hu­mours, mitigate the Pain, and stops their flux to the wound­ed part. Inwardly, it is gi­ven in Vulnerary Potions à gr. iv. ad x.

VI. * Balsamum Succini, Bal­sam of Amber.

Bate.] ℞ White Amber in subtil Pouder ℥ij. pure Oyl of Turpentine ℥iv. insolate them so long till the Amber is per­fectly dissolved. It strengthens the Brain and Senses, com­forts all the Nerves, and is profitable against all their Disaffections, as Convulsions, Epilepsies, Hysterick Fits, &c. It is also a great Diure­tick.

Salmon.] § 1. Rolfincius, Ar­tis Chymiae, lib. 4. sect. 5. cap. 2. makes it thus: ℞ Bees­wax white or red, in fine Pou­der, q. v. affuse thereon a suf­ficient quantity of Oyl of Am­ber, that may dissolve the Pou­der: mix and digest with a gentle heat to a just Consisten­cy. This, says he, most pow­erfully comforts the Brain, [Page 161]and may be given inwardly in Broth to ℈ss, without nau­seousness: Outwardly it is to be anointed on the Coro­nal and Sagittal Sutures, up­on the Forehead and Tem­ples.

§ 2. That which I use is thus made: ℞ Pure Oyl of Nutmegs or Mace by Expressi­on, ℥ij. Choice Oyl of Amber ℥j. Salt of Amber ℥ss. mix them well together, so have you an excellent Balsam of Amber.

§ 3. The Virtues thereof we will give you from Gru­lingius, Florilegii, par. 11. cap. 2. It excells other Balsams, being used against the Epi­lepsie, Apoplexy, and Verti­go; it comforts the Memory after an admirable manner; it cures all Diseases of the Head and Brain; it stops the overflowing of the Terms, Fluxes of Blood, and Suffo­cation of the Womb; it faci­litates the Birth, being anoint­ed upon the Navel, for which reason also it gives ease in the Colick [and in After-pains of Women lying in]; it is good against the Strangury, and strengthens the Concoction of the Stomach; and is a fa­mous Medicament against the Plague, and all Epidemick Diseases. Dose of it inward­ly à ℈j. ad ℈ij.

VII. Balsamum Sulphuris Anti­monii, Balsam of the Sul­phur of Antimony.

Bate.] ℞ Combustible Sul­phur of Antimony, Salt of Tar­tar, A. ℥j, Spirit or Oyl of Tur­pentine ℥iv. digest them toge­ther, S. A. It is profitable against sordid Ulcers, Fistu­la's, &c. Dose inwardly ad gut. x.

Salmon.] § 1. This combu­stible Sulphur of Antimony is thus made: ℞ Aqua Re­gia (made of Spirit of Nitre ℥iv. in which ℥j. of the Pouder of Sal Gem is dissolved, and distilled by a Retort in Sand to driness) ℥iv. most fine Pou­der of crude Antimony ℥j. mix them together in a long Cucur­bit, putting in the Pouder into the Spirit by degrees, always waiting till the former effer­vescence ceases: all the Pouder being put in, digest twenty four hours: then pour off the Solution into a white Ware Pot or Bason almost filled with pure Water, so will the whole become like Milk after a little while decant the milky Water into another clean Pot or Bason, and in the bottom you will have a thick and heavy Pouder, which is the inflamable Sulphur of Antimony, which is so often to be washed with pure fair [Page 162]Water, till it ceases to come a­way milkie, then dry it, and keep it for use.

§ 2. Or thus: ℞ Fine Pou­der of crude Antimony, q. v. to which put by degrees Aqua Regia, in a Glass Retort, so long till the effervescence cea­ses, then draw off the Aqua Regia, by a gentle distillation in a soft fire, but exciting it vehemently towards the end, so in the neck of the Retort, you will find the inflamable Sul­phur of Antimony sublimed of a subcitrine colour, which take and keep for use.

§ 3. Otto Tachenius in his Hippocrates Chymicus, cap. 23. saith, Simple Aqua Fortis of Nitre and Alum, or Vitriol, corrodes not, nor dissolves crude Antimony; but adding to this Water so much fine cleanly pou­dred fused Salt, as it can dis­solve; if it be then superfused on the Pouder of crude Anti­mony, it will with a gentle heat presently act on the Antimony, and corrode the Regulus of it, on which presently pouring cold Water, you will see the Sulphur separated and swimming upon the top of the Water like Pitch: where note, That at one O­peration you must not dissolve above ʒij. or thereabouts, for in a greater quantity, the Sulphur will also be corroded by the Water, and turn to feces: dulcifie this Sulphur with cold Water, and it will look like the common Sul­phur, only a little greener.

§ 4. In making the Bal­sam you ought to stir the mix­ture continually till the Sulphur is dissolved in the Oyl, for other­wise it will coagulate and set­tle to the bottom into a mass, and never dissolve so as to bring the Oyl into a Balsam: the fire must be gentle and not extream, and you must be cautious, that it kindle not, least you set the House on Fire: the Sulphur being once dissolved, it ought to digest for a Week or more in a gentle heat, to perfect the Ʋnition.

§ 5. This Sulphur is an excellent thing against all Wounds and Ulcers what­soever, and stops Bleeding ad­mirably. It is also good a­gainst Coughs, Colds, Asth­ma's, and all Oppressions and Obstructions of the Lungs, Difficulty of Breathing Short­ness of Breath, &c. Dose à gut. vj. ad xij.

VIII. * Balsamum Sulphuris Anisatum, Balsam of Sul­phur Anisated.

Bate.] ℞ Flowers of Sul­phur ℥ij. Oyl of Aniseeds ℥viij. mix and digest till the Sul­phur is dissolved, and the Bal­sam [Page 163]becomes of a rubicund co­lour. It is of admirable use against Catarrhs, or Defluxi­ons upon the Brest and Lungs, Coughs, Asthma's, Phthisicks, Pleurisies, Colick, the Plague or Pestilence, Epilepsie, and all sorts of Apostemes, and Putrefactions of the Body. Dose ad ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. It is only a solution of the oily parts of the Sulphur in the Oyl of A­niseeds: put the Ingredients into a Glass Matrass in Sand, and give a digesting fire for two hours; afterwards in­crease it a little for four hours more, stirring it very often; the Vessel being cold, sepa­rate the clear Balsam from the Sulphur that will not dis­solve.

§ 2. In this our Prescript the Proportion is as j. to iv. but Grulingius, and Monsieur Charras in his Royal Pharma­copoeia, makes it as j. to vj. ℞ Flowers of Sulphur ℥j. Oyl of Aniseeds by Expression ℥vj. put them into a Matrass, which stop exactly, and set it in dige­stion over a moderate fire till the Flowers of Sulphur are al­most all dissolved in the Oyl; take off the Matrass, and when the Ingredients are cool, sepa­rate the Balsam by inclination from the feces, which keep in a Bottle close stopt.

§ 3. Now here is to be no­ted, that the volatility of the Oyl of Aniseeds requires that the Matrass should be well stopt; but you must be care­ful in the time of digestion to shake the Matrass often, to hasten the dissolution of the Flowers.

§ 4. It is also to be obser­ved, that the Oyl by Expres­sion may make a dissolution of the Sulphur; yet the Oyl by distillation would do bet­ter, (and that is it which is intended by our Author) but being more volatile, it is ab­solutely necessary, that the Vessel should be well stopt.

§ 5. Le Mort makes it af­ter this manner: ℞ Sulphur, or its Flowers ℥ij. Salt of Tar­tar ℥j. mix and melt them to­gether exactly, till they become of a darkish purple colour; this done, pouder them, and to two Ounces of the Mass add Oyl of Aniseeds ℥iij. boyl them in B. M. for eight hours often stirring the Materials: then the Vessel being cold, decant the tinged supernating Oyl, and keep it for use.

§ 6. This you see is made by the help or addition of Salt of Tartar; which thô it may be made without it, yet by this means the Body of the Sulphur is not only pre­pared, and somewhat open­ed [Page 164]beforehand, but also the acid particles thereof, are cor­rected, so as they may not hurt the Lungs.

§ 7. But in our Phylaxa Medicinae, cap. 55. sect. 1. we have taught you to make it from Lac Sulphuris, for that the Body of the Sulphur is yet better opened by the Al­cali, and Experience has con­firmed the Effects thereof to be more excellent, than that otherwise prepared.

§ 8. Our Author thinks this Balsam to be little inferiour to Natural Balsam, for that it moderately heats and dries and preserves from Corrupti­on. It is highly recommend­ed against Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, as Coughs Colds, Asthma's, Pleurisies and Ulcers of the Lungs. It is very good against the Co­lick, Oppressions of Wind, Gripings of the Guts, Weak­ness and Indigestion of the Stomach, want of Appetite, Heart-burnings, &c. It is al­so good against the Plague or Pestilence, and all Epide­mick Diseases, continual and intermitting Feavers.

§ 9. Grulingius, par. 17: cap. 5. pag. 385. Florilegii, calls it the most perfect of Balsams, and says it has all the Virtues of the Natural Balsam, and the greatest Con­servative Power in preserving from putrefaction; and be­sides all the former Diseases for which it is good, he com­mends it as an excellent thing against the Lues Venerea, and all Apostemes proceeding from putrefaction. Dose a gut. iv. ad xij. or xvj.

§ 10. If you would take it in a Potion, it will be best to dissolve it first in a little of the Yolk of an Egg, and then to mix it with the Broath, Wine, or Waters which you design as a Vehiculum. For the Colick anoint it on the Navel and Belly.

IX. Balsamum Sulphuris Ben­zoïnatum, Benjamin Bal­sam of Sulphur.

Bate.] It is made of the Flowers of Sulphur, and Oyl of Benjamin, in like manner as the Anisated Balsam. It is a wonderful Pulmonick and Antiasthmatick, and strange­ly prevails in drying up Catarrhs.

Salmon.] § 1. What this Oyl is, and how it it is di­stilled, we shall here shew. Having made the Flowers of Benjamin, as we shall here­after (in this Book) declare; you are to take what remains after the Flowers are sublimed and put into a little Glass Re­tort, [Page 165]and then to distil with a fit Sand heat a thick and fra­grant Oyl, continuing the di­stillation till no more will come forth, and nothing but a spon­gy Earth remains behind in the Retort.

§ 2. Grulingius in Florile­gium teaches you to mix the Benjamin with Sand, and to fill the Retort half full, then to distil with degrees of Fire; so have you a Water and Oyl thick like Butter: But this is fetid, and not fit for our purpose, and therefore he prescribes a rectification; this, tho it renders it more grate­ful, yet is unfit for this work.

§ 3. Charras makes it thus: ℞ Benjamin lb j. in Pouder put it into a Glass Retort having a longer neck then ordinary; add rectified S. V. lb iij. mix them well, and lute to it a Vessel of Rencounter, setting the Retort upright for twenty four hours, upon a very gentle Sand heat, stirring the Substances from time to time to hasten the dissolution of the Benjamin: this done, place the Retort in a Sand heat, take off the Vessel of Rencounter, and fit to it an half Ball, luted with a wet Bladder, and with a moderate Fire distil off the Spirit of Wine, after which the Flowers will rise: as soon as you see them appear, set to a new Re­ceiver, in the place of the for­mer, luting the Juncture slight­ly, that you may take out from time to time, the Flowers that shall fall into it, and such as stop the neck of the Retort, keeping them by themselves for their particular use. The Flow­ers being past Lute to another Receiver, so will you have at first a thick Liquor or Oyl. 2. An acid Water. 3. A yel­low, clear, and odoriferous Oyl, (which is the thing designed in our Prescript.) 4. And by con­tinuance a fat and thick Oyl; which is only of use to cleanse and heal old Ulcers.

§ 4. We will yet (because of the excellency thereof) shew another way of distil­ling our intended Oyl, which is thus: ℞ Benjamin in Pou­der, so much as may fill the third part, or less, of the Re­tort, (which if of Glass must be coated) affuse thereon Spirit of Salt, q. s. but so as the Retort may not be too full, least the matter should flow over: place it in Sand, and give Fire by degrees, so will you have, 1. A Flegm. 2. A clear transparent Oyl together with the Spirit of Salt, which must be kept by itself. 3. A yellow Oyl, which is to be kept by itself, and is that intended in the Prescript. 4. A thick fat Oyl; which, [Page 166]thô it is not to be cast away. yet is very unlike to the for­mer, and serves only for out­ward uses, to be mixt with Oyntments and Emplasters.

§ 5. The Water or Flegm is very subtil and penetra­ting, good against Contracti­ons of the Nerves, Pains, Aches, Palsies, &c. The clear Oyl is more powerful, and does Wonders in cold Disea­ses of the Nerves. The yel­low Oyl which is the intend­ed matter of the Prescript, is yet more powerful than ei­ther of the former, and a Spe­cifick in the Palsie, &c.

§ 6. Having gotten this yellow odoriferous Oyl of Benjamin, you are to put in­to it a fourth part of the Flowers of Sulphur, in a Glass Matrass, which being stopt up close, you are to pursue the Operation in all respects in the former Anisated Balsam of Sulphur.

§ 7. This Balsam is singu­larly good for Asthmatick Persons, and such as Wheeze, are Short-winded, and cannot easily fetch their Breath; and is especially good for such as have a vehement Ca­tarrh, which falls violently upon the Brest and Lungs: It is good against a Phthisic, or Ulcer of the Lungs, and by its Balsamick property, quickly heals and cures it: It is also good against the Colick, and Griping of the Guts, more especially if it proceeds from a Dysentery or Bloody-flux. Dose à gut. vj. ad xij. or xvj.

§ 8. Outwardly it is vul­nerary, and speedily cures any green Wound, or old Ulcer, being applied either alone, or with some other proper Balsam or Emplaster. It cures the Gout, as also old Aches and Pains proceeding from a cold Cause, the places afflicted being often anointed therewith, and Cloths dipt in the same laid thereon, at least twice a day.

X. Balsamum Sulphuris Knoe­phelii, Knephely his Bal­sam of Sulphur.

Bate.] It is made from the Hepar Sulphuris poudered, p. 4. fresh Lin-seed Oyl, p. iij. and then boiled to a thickness, and cautiously distilled by a Retort; then mixing the Oyl (first se­parated from the Water) with half the quantity of the Colco­thar of Vitriol, upon a gentle Fire; which being cooled are to be put into a Glass Retort in Sand, to be distilled, or rather rectified: this rectified Oyl is to be mixed with half the quan­tity of Oyl of Aniseed, and to [Page 167]be digested, S. A. into a red Balsam. It is a most excel­lent Balsam for the Lungs, drying up Catarrhs, helping Asthma's, Coughs, Phthisicks, the Colick, &c. It helps Ex­pectoration, stops Defluxions to the Joynts, discusses Ven­tosities, and prevents them. Dose à gut. iv. ad xij.

Salmon.] § 1. This is taken out of the Messis Medico-Spa­gyrica, or the Edition of Schro­der in Folio, pag. 733. from whence we shall a little ex­plicate the process: moreo­ver, in the original Prescript the Sulphur and the Linseed Oyl are in equal quanti­ties.

§ 2. ℞ The best yellow Sul­phur finely poudred, fresh made Linseed-Oyl, A. lb iij. mix them together, and boyl them in a very large Copper Vessel, but upon a very gentle fire, conti­nually stirring them with a wooden Spatula, till they begin to grow thick: then remove the Kettle or Skellet from the fire, and put it into a great Vessel filled with cold Water, so will the matter ascend, and be condensed like Liver, but all spongy; which being cooled, and taken out upon a wooden Table, let it be cut into little bits, which put into a strong Retort, well luted and coated; then put it into a Rever­beratory, affixing a proper Re­ceiver, and distil with degrees of fire: for the first five hours, there comes forth Flegm; af­ter that, a milkie Liquor, which will also continue for six or se­ven hours: cautiously proceed farther to fifteen hours, pru­dently managing the Fire (if you would save your Receiver, and not take pains in vain, which you are friendly advised of) till little white Clouds be­gin to come forth, then increa­sing the Fire (by adding more Coals) a most red Oyl will di­stil forth; in which degree of heat continually keep it, till the whole radical humidity is distilled over, and till no more Clouds appear, then exciting the fire to the highest violence, so as the Retort may be red hot, the thick Oyl, like to Butter, will come forth, but yet in small quantity.

§ 3. In this last distillation, you shall see the whole Fur­nace (chiefly in the Night) of a Cerulean colour, for that all the Sulphur being kindled does burn, and the whole House will be filled with a Sulphurous Odour; and al­most all Metalick Vessels, chiefly such as are made of Silver and Copper, or Iron, spotted and blemished, or changed into divers colours, as if they had been stained [Page 168]with Verdigrise, so subtil is this Spirit, to pierce all the Vessels, the Walls of the Fur­nace, and the several Coat­ings. This Butter, like Oyl being come forth, the Fire is to be removed or diminish­ed, that every thing may cool.

§ 4. The distillation being done, the milkie Liquor is to be separated from the Oyl, which is wont to coagulate itself into a thick and stiff Mass, which yet notwith­standing, upon the Fire is a­gain easily melted, and it is to be rectified after this man­ner:

§ 5. ℞ Of this coagulated Oyl p. ij. Colcothar of Vitriol, p. j. mix them upon the Fire in a large Pan, stirring them with a wooden Spatula: being mixed and cooled, break it in­to small bits, put them into a Glass Retort, and distil in Sand, and again in the space of twen­ty four hours the Flegm will come forth with Oyl; then augmenting the Fire, there comes forth together with the Spirits a thick Oyl, not much unlike Glew, which being all come forth, is again to be sepa­rated from the Flegm.

§ 6. ℞ Of this Oyl separated from the Flegm; for Example sake, ℥iv. Oyl of Aniseeds ℥ij. mix them in a Phial hermeti­cally sealed, and digest for for­ty days in a gentle and Philo­sophick digestion, and so long till they are perfectly united, so have you the true Antihectick Tincture, red like a Ruby.

§ 7. It is one of the great­est Arcanums that is, for the Cure of the Phthisick, and all Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, so that in the World a greater or better is scarcely to be found (for which the Name of the most great and good God be eternally blessed and praised). In the Plague it is as it were a Divine Re­medy, as well for the preser­vation from, as the Cure of that Disease. And as it is a Balsam for both Lungs and Liver, so also it is an ex­cellent Antepileptick and An­tilunatick. Dose à gut. iij. ad x. in any fit Vehicle.

§ 8. Now here is to be no­ted, That the Work will the better succeed, if some Salt of Tartar be added by mix­ing it with the crude Sul­phur in the first work, before you mix it with the Linseed Oyl. Agricola in his Tract of Sulphur, pag. 397. and Joh. Poppius in Hodegetico, make mention of this Oily Medi­cament. So also Paracelsus, Libro de Naturalibus rebus, cap. 8. § 7. And Rolfincius Artis Chymiae, lib. 4. sect. 1. [Page 169] art. 1. cap. 2. describes it from Paracelsus.

§ 9. It does wonders in the Colick, Stone, Palsie, Con­tractions of the Limbs, in ex­pelling Worms, and in heal­ing, old, fetid, and rebelli­ous Ulcers. The white Li­quor separated in the first distillation (which has no in­ternal use) is a singular thing against the Psora, Scab, Le­prosie, and an Alopecia Le­prosa, or Leprous Falling of the Hair. It is good for Pu­stuls, and other Breakings out in the Face and Skin, Scurf, Morphew, Gutta Rosacea, being mixt with other Li­quors; and some say it is profitable for such as labour under an Hydrophobia.

XI. * Balsamum Sulphuris Suc­cinatum, Balsam of Sulphur with Amber.

Bate.] It is made of the Flowers of Sulphur with Oyl of Amber, in all respects as you make the Anisated Balsam. It prevails against the Colick, &c.

Salmon.] § 1. The Vulgar Chymist has another way of making this Balsam, besides the common way of the Te­rebinthinated, or Anisated Balsam, and it is thus: ℞ Of the thick Terebinthinated Bal­sam of Sulphur (the Prepara­tion of which see in Sect. 12. next following) ℥j. Pure Oyl of Amber ℥ij. mix them well together, by shaking them in a Vial, then put them into B. M. and gently boyl them, so will the Oyl dissolve the Balsams, enter into it, and mix with it, and this is Balsamum Sul­phuris Succinatum.

§ 2. Other Authors advise not to boyl the Terebinthi­nated Balsam, and the Oyl of Amber together, but only to digest them together in a boyl­ing B. M. till the Balsam is dissolved in the Oyl: but by this way it will be thinner, and want of the true Consistency of the Balsam of Sulphur.

§ 3. It is a good Vulne­rary; both inwardly taken, and outwardly applied heals Ulcers of the Lungs; it heats, attenuates, incides, dries, re­solves thick Flegm both in Stomach and Lungs, is of good use against the Jaundice, Coughs, Colds, and Shortness of Breath, allays Vapors, and helps Hysterick Fits; and in a word, it is good against most Diseases of the Brest, Lungs, and Womb. It also kills Worms, and strengthens the Bowels. Dose à gut. iv. ad xx. mixt with some pro­per Syrup.

XII. * Balsamum Sulphuris Terebinthinatum, Balsam of Sulphur Terebinthinated.

Bate.] It is made with Oyl of Turpentine, as that with Oyl of Aniseeds aforegoing. See the Virtues of the Anisated Balsam.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Sulphur in fine Pouder, or rather Flowers of Sulphur ℥iv. pure Oyl of Tur­pentine ℥xvj. put them into a Glass Matrass, which place in Sand with a digesting fire for two hours; then increase it a little for four hours, so will the Oyl dissolve part of the Sulphur, and extract out of it a red co­lour: let the Vessel cool, then separate the clear Balsam from the Sulphur that will not dis­solve.

§ 2. Now here is to be no­ted, that in making this Bal­sam, the Matrass ought not to be above half full: and whereas, we here prescribe it to be made in a Sand heat, some make it in a boyling Balneo, and fit another Ma­trass to it, thereby making a double Vessel.

§ 3. In this heat (whether in B. M. or Sand) the Spirit will begin to simper, and presently after the Sulphur will melt, and ting the Oyl of a deep red colour: the fire is to be so govern'd as to hin­der the Oyl from boyling, and in about two hours time the Operation will be done; yet it will be better to keep it in the same heat for three or four hours longer.

§ 4. This done, decant the dissolution while it is hot, into an Earthen white Ware Ves­sel, so will the undissolved Sulphur as it grows cold, set­tle to the bottom in a yellow Lump, the pure Balsam re­maining above, which then you are to pour off by incli­nation, and keep in a Glass close stopt for use.

§ 5. There is no need of a great Fire for this operati­on, because the Sulphur being a fat Body, does easily incor­porate with Oyls, and com­monly gives them a red co­lour, that which remains un­dissolved in the Matrass, Le­mery says, is the acid or sa­line part of the Sulphur, and is found crystallized.

§ 6. In this Operation the Oyl draws with the colour the odour also of the Sulphur, so much, as almost to lose all its own scent.

§ 7. Le Mort first mixes the Flowers, p. ij. with Salt of Tartar, p. j. by exactly melting them together, till they are of a blackish purple colour, then poudering the [Page 171]Mass, adds to it double the weight of the Flowers of the Oyl of Turpentine, and then boyls them in a Glass Ma­trass in Sand for three hours, after which being cold, he separates the clear Balsam for use.

§ 8. And this addition of Salt of Tartar may seem ne­cessary, for that thereby the Body of the Sulphur is in a great measure opened, where­by it the easier dissolves and yields its Tincture to the Oyl: and tho' without the Salt of Tartar the substance of the Sulphur will dissolve in the Oyl; yet by the help there­of, the Balsam is made much more efficacious. So that this Balsam thus made, is nothing but a conjunction of the Sul­phur, or its oily parts, with distilled Oyls, which by the addition of a fixed Salt is ac­celerated, for that it breaks the Chains of the acid, which holds the particles of the Sul­phurous Body together.

§ 9. It is a most excel­lent Anodyn and Healer of Wounds and Burns of the Nerves, and Nervous parts: It cures also Ulcers of the Brest and Lungs, and is ad­mirable against Coughs of all sorts, Colds, Hoarseness, Loss of Voice, Shortness of Breath, Difficulty of Breathing, and other Diseases of the Brest and Lungs. It cures also the Pain of the Ears, being dropt into them. It heats, dries, atte­nuates, incides, resolves, and provokes both Sweat and U­rine. Dose à gut. iv. ad xx.

§ 10. Modus Utendi. ℞ Of this Balsam q. v. mix with it so much double or treble refined Sugar, as will make it into a kind of a rough moist Pouder: to which add so much pure fresh Butter, as may make it into the Body of a Balsam fit to be cut like Butter, of a perfect bright golden colour.

§ 11. By this means the Balsam is rendred pleasant both to the Eye and Palate, so that the most delicate Sto­mach will hardly refuse it, it having lost all the scent both of the Sulphur and the Oyl, and acquired by the mixing of the Sugar, the true scent of Lime-Juyce, or Juyce of Li­mons: but that it may have this smell certainly, it is re­quisite that in the first making of the Balsam, you never give it so great a heat as to make it boyl. Of this Balsam thus compounded, the Patient may take the quantity of a pretty large Chestnut, three or four several times a day, and par­ticulary, first in the Morning fasting, and last at Night go­ing [Page 172]to Bed. It is an admira­ble thing, and does wonders. Thus compounded, it is gi­ven to Children for the Worms.

§ 12. The Balsam of Sul­phur may also be reduced to the Consistence of an Un­guent, by evaporation, and then it is of use to cleanse and heal Wounds, especially of the Nerves and Nervous parts, and to cure old Ul­cers, Running Sores, and Fi­stula's. See our Pharm. Lond. lib. 3. cap. 12. sect. 12.

XIII. Balsamum Tartari, Bal­sam of Tartar.

Bate.] ℞ Oyl of Tartar per deliquium ℥ix. Cremor Tartari poudred ℥viij. digest and eva­porate to driness; affuse there­on Spirit of Wine or Vinegar, with which extract a Tincture, filter and abstract to the Con­sistence of Honey, S. A. It is a most powerful Medica­ment against the Gout and Stone, and loosens the Belly. Dose ad ʒss. Outwardly parts pained are anointed there­with: It is good also against all chronick and stubborn Diseases.

Salmon.] § 1. This is the Balsamum Samech Paracelsi, whose usual preparation is this: ℞ Of the best Salt of Tartar lb j. and with a suffici­ent quantity of Water make of it a strong Lixivium: take also Cremor Tartari lb j. and dissolve is in Rain-water by boyling: mix these Solutions together guttatim, so long till you see all the Effervescence cease, then immediately filter it, and evaporate to the form of a Salt. To this affuse the best Tartarised S. V. so much as may cover or over-top it three or four inches; let it stand in digestion, so long till the S. V. has contracted the highest red­ness; then decant the S. V. and affufe-new S. V. as before; this Work continue till you have extracted all the Tincture out of the Salt: mix these Tin­ctures together, and in a Glass Alembick in B. M. draw off the one half of the Spirit, so will the Balsam remain at the bottom.

§ 2. Now here is to be no­ted, that the first part of the preparation, where the two Liquors being mixt together, till the Effervescence ceases, then filtrated and evapora­ted to the form of a Salt, is that which is properly called the Balsamum Samech, and is given à ℈ss. ad ʒ ss. in some Diuretick Liquor.

§ 3. It is a Medicine that powerfully educes the Tartar of the Blood by Urine, and [Page 173]effectually expels Sand, Gra­vel, and Stone from the Reins and Bladder, for which rea­son it is esteemed as a potent Medicine against the Gout. It is exhibited as a Specifick against the Dropsie, Podagra, Scrophula, and Obstructions of the Terms, Green-sickness in Virgins, &c.

§ 4. The Tincture (which is the latter part of the Pre­paration) has all the same Virtues with the Salt, but is much more powerful to the said intentions, and may be given à ℈j. ad ʒj.

XIV. Balsamum Veneris, Bal­sam of Venus.

Bate.] It is made of Plates of Copper, digested with Oyl of Turpentine, till a green Bal­sam is formed, S. A. It chiefly cleanses Wounds, Ulcers, Fi­stula's, &c. being mixed with other convenient Medica­ments.

Salmon.] § 1. Schroderus in Pharm. lib. 3. cap. 12. sect. 4. § 3. advises to take Filings of Copper, and to add to them Spirit of Turpentine, then to digest till it is green, so have you a thing useful in Chirur­gery.

§ 2. But the best way of making this Balsam is thus: ℞ Verdigrise, and dissolve it in Spirit of Vinegar, filter, and abstract to driness, or let it crystallize, so have you a pure Verdigrise: of this take ʒ j. Spi­rit or Oyl of Turpentine ℥vj. mix and digest, till the Oyl has drawn the Tincture of the Verdigrise into its Body.

§ 3. It is of excellent use in all inveterate running Sores, old Ulcers, Fistula's, the Synovia, or Running of Water from Wounds and Ulcers in the Joynts, and all other stubborn and rebellious Maladies of like nature, do­ing that which scarcely any other Medicine will do be­sides; but it is not usually ap­plied alone. § 4. The best way is to mix it with some other proper Oyntment or Balsam, and so apply it. It is a Me­dicament not to be despised, tho' it is composed of things of small price, and easily made.

I. Essentia Absinthii, Powers of Wormwood.

Bate.] ℞ THE Spiritus Ar­dens, or burning and inflamable Spirit di­stilled from the green fer­mented Herb ℥xij, distilled Oyl of the same ʒ ij. of the thick Extract of the same, Salt of Wormwood, A. ℥ss. digest them S. A. till they are united, then filter and keep them for use. After the same manner you may prepare Essences of other Vegetable Productions.

Salmon.] § 1. The Ardent or Inflamable Spirit of Worm­wood is thus made: ℞ A good quantity of Wormwood newly gathered, bruise it, and put to it (in a wooden Vessel) a good quantity of Wormwood-Water, or rather Juyce of Wormwood, in every lb vj. of which dissolve lb j. of Sugar, or rather as much Manna, or Ho­ney, let them lie to ferment, till they have acquired a Vi­nous scent, then distil in B. M. drawing off the third part for Spirit of Wormwood, and the second third part for Worm­wood-Water: what remains in the Still may be cast a­way.

§ 2. This Spirit of Worm­wood you must Tartarise, or rectifie upon Salt of Tar­tar, till it is so pure as it will fire Gunpowder, and is per­fectly dephlegmated, other­wise it will be wholly unfit for this Work.

§ 3. The Extract must not be made of what remains in the Still after the usual man­ner; for seeing it is the Re­mains of a fermented matter, after the volatile and subtil Sulphur and Spirit is drawn out of it; it is reasonable to believe the best parts of it are lost; and therefore it behoves you to make an Extract of fresh Wormwood, or its Juyce, which yet never past any fermentation, for by this means, the Aqueous parts will only ascend, leaving the essential, spiritous, and sa­line parts behind in the Ex­tract.

§ 4. It is thus done: ℞ Juyce of Wormwood, q. v. eva­porate in Sand, or B. M. to [Page 175]driness: this beat into fine Pouder, and keep for the use intended.

§ 5. The Salt must be made of green Wormwood well calci­ned to pure white Ashes, (for being dryed, it will yield but very little Salt, as that which is once rotten will yield you none). These Ashes you must make a Lixivium of with Wormwood-Water, or Spring-Water, then filtrate and eva­porate to driness, gently calci­ning of it till it is of a blew colour.

§ 6. This being done, you are presently in an Iron Mor­tar almost red hot, to beat it to a subtil Pouder, mixing it with four or six times the quantity of fine Pouder of Bone-ashes; and then imme­diately to put all into the Spirit, with the Oyl of Worm­wood, so will the Oyl joyn with the Spirit, and together extract the Tincture out of the Salt, which by long dige­stion will be of an intense red colour.

§ 7. The Spirit Oyl and Salt having been mixt and digested together a Month, (for in much less time the Tincture of the Salt will not be drawn out) you are to put in the Pouder of the Extract, which being digested about ten days, shaking it well once every day, you may then decant the clear Tincture of the Extract, which you are to filter, and keep in a Bot­tle close stopt for use. This is the ESSENCE, or ra­ther POWERS of Worm­wood.

§ 8. And this is the common way of making the Pote­states, or Powers of Vegeta­bles, which is with the Spi­rit, Oyl, and fixt Salt of the Plant; but there is a better way of doing it, with Spirit, Oyl, and Volatile Salt of Plants, (which Volatile Salt all Plants have) which how that Volatile Salt is to be made, we shall in its proper place teach.

§ 9. The Virtues: These Potestates, or Powers are pos­sibly the greatest Stomatick Medicament that is in rerum Natura, for they cleanse, strengthen, and fortifie the Stomach to a wonder, ma­king it able to digest Food, thô almost never so weak; I speak what I know by Ex­perience upon my own Body, besides the use of the Medi­cine a thousand times in other Patients. It is cleansing, yet a little Styptick, Stomatick, Splenetick, Hepatick, Open­ing, Attenuating, Discutient, Sudorifick, Antifebritick, Hyp­notick, and Strengthning.

§ 10. It prevents and helps Surfeits and Feavers, chiefly Tertians, opens Obstructions of the Liver, Womb, and Reins; it is Alexipharmick, resists Poyson, and cures the Plague, and all Malign and Pestilential Feavers, as also the Cachexia, Dropsie, and Jaundice.

§ 11. It is Sudorifick, ex­pelling watry Humors thro' the pores of the skin, expels Wind, and gives ease in the Colick and Griping of the Guts▪ It is a Preservative from ill Airs and Scents, and against Pestilential Infection, for that it wonderfully resists Putrefaction: It cures stink­ing Breaths, evacuates Cho­ler, and kills Worms in Children. Dose à gut. xx. ad lx.

§ 12. Utendi modus. ℞ Potestatum Absinthii ʒ ss. Spi­rit of Saffron ℈j. Tincture of Musk and Ambergrise gut. iv. Damask Rose-water ℥iij. Syrup of Poppies ʒ iij. mix for a Cor­dial Dose, for a Man or Wo­man, or for two Doses for a Child. This mixture is good against any Deliquium of the Spirits, as fainting and swoon­ing Fits sickness at Stomach, Vomiting, Palpitation of the Heart, and other Diseases of like kind. See our Doron Medicum, lib. 2. cap. 5. sect. 1. where the Virtues of these Powers are more fully expli­cated. Price Eighteen-pence an Ounce.

II. Essentia Cardui Benedicti, Powers of Carduus Bene­dictus.

Bate.] This Essence is made in all respects like that of Wormwood aforegoing.

Salmon.] § 1. The Powers of Carduus Ben. are not to be accounted among the num­ber of mean Remedies, for that they have an admirable force against all putrefactive and contagious Diseases, and therefore are said to be a sure Antidote against the Small­pox, Measles, Spotted Fea­ver, Callentures, Plague and all malign and pestilential Di­seases.

§ 2. They are Cardiack, and Alexipharmick, preva­lent against Fainting, Swoon­ing, Heart-qualms, and all manner of Poyson whatsoe­ver, chiefly the Bitings of Serpents, mad Dogs, or any other venemous Beast.

§ 3. They attenuate, open Obstructions, discuss Wind, are good against the Colick and Gripings of the Bowels, kills Worms, and expel Sand or Gravel from the Reins, and esteemed as an Antidote [Page 177]against the Scurvy, and French-Pox, being an excellent sweet­ner of the Blood, and a resto­rer of it to its purity.

§ 4. They are Cephalick, Neurotick, and Antihysterick, cure Head-achs, Lethargies, Vertigo's, Loss of Memory, Deafness, and Dimness of the Sight; they are said to cure Quartans, allay Vapours, and resist Hysterick Fits. Dose à ℈j. ad ʒ j. or ℈iv.

III. Essentia Hyssopi, Powers of Hyssop.

Bate.] After the same man­ner also are made Powers of Hyssop.

Salmon.] § 1. They are certainly one of the greatest Pectoral Medicaments in the World, upon all Obstructi­ons of the Brest and Lungs whatsoever, prevail against Coughs, Colds, Asthma's; Wheezings, Loss of Voice, Shortness of Breath, and Dif­ficulty of Breathing.

§ 2. They are also good a­gainst inward Bruises of the Brest and Stomach, Spitting of Blood, Apostems, Tumors, and Ulcers of the Lungs, as also a Peripneumonica, or In­flamation of those parts: they are of thin and subtil parts, and as they open Obstructi­ons, so likewise they cleanse and digest, and ripens Tu­mours in the Mouth, Throat, and Brest.

§ 3. They are good against Pleurisies, preventing them before they come, by opening the obstruction, and hindring the stagnation of the Blood, thereby removing the cause; and also curing them after they are present, by de-ob­structing the Parts, and re­solving the coagulated Hu­mour.

§ 4. They are also Trau­matick, and Vulnerary, ad­vancing the Cure of Wounds and Ulcers, by cleansing, strengthning the Parts, and and healing them to a Mira­cle, being inwardly taken, and outwardly applied, ac­cording to the Prudence of the Physitian. You may mix them with any Vulnerary, Lotion ℥ij. to a pint, and so wash therewith, by which means the healing will be ad­vanced more than five to one. Dose inwardly à ʒ ss. ad ʒ j. or ℈iv.

IV. Essentia Martis, Essence of Mars.

Bate.] ℞ Filings of Mars ℥iv, put them into a long, or capacious Glass, and affuse thereon Spirit of Nitre ℥iij. re­ctified Oyl of Vitriol ℥ij. stir­ring [Page 178]it thrice, or oftner, with a Spatula: then dilute or loosen the Mass (before it be too much compacted or hardned) with the Flegm of Vitriol ℥x, and make a rubicund Tincture, or an Es­sence of a very deep yellow, which decant, filter, and keep for use. It powerfully opens Obstru­ctions of what kind soever, it provokes the Courses, cures the Cachexia, Green-sickness, Dropsie, &c. Dose à gut. v. ad xv.

Salmon.] § 1. This Recipe is taken from Grulingius his Florilegium, par. 19. cap. 2. sect. 3. where he advises to take ℥iv. or vj. of the pure Fi­lings of Mars, and to put in the Spirit of Nitre, and Oyl of Vitriol by drops, and leisurely, lest there should be too great an Effervescence, and the Matter should be as it were inflamed, then to stir the Matter with an Iron Spatula, lest it should grow hard and break the Vessel: and the Spirit being all dropt in, to dilute the Mass (before it is too compact) with Flegm of Vi­triol ℥x. or as much of the Flegm of the acid Spirit of Sal Armo­niack by which a rubicund or highly yellow Essence will be made.

§ 2. Now here is to be no­ted, That this Essence may be made only with Spirit of Ni­tre, and Flegm of Vitriol, the Oyl of Vitriol being omit­ted.

§ 3. It is a powerful Ope­ner of all Obstructions of the Liver, Spleen, Mesentery and Womb, insomuch, that those who look like Death itself, and are scarcely able to go the length of an ordinary Room, or move or stir about, it gives relief to in three or four times taking, insomuch, that it seems to be a Miracle of a Medicine; nor will any Man scarcely be able to believe what a mighty alteration it will so suddenly make, in the most deplorable Objects of that kind, that shall not behold the same with his Eyes, as we have done, so that to say all that has been truly done with it, would be to an incredulous or ignorant Man, only a kind of a far­fetcht, or strained Romance.

§ 4. It provokes the Terms in Women, and cures all the other Diseases mentioned by our Author; and most effe­ctually softens and resolves the hardest external Tumors, especially such as proceed from a scrophulous Humour, or Habit of Body.

§ 5. Grulingius in the place cited, gives us a History of a very hard Tumor of the na­ture of a Wen, which was in his Wrist near his Hand, which by the only application [Page 179]of this Essence, with double Linnen Cloths dipt, or moist­ned in the same, was taken away, and perfectly cured.

§ 6. But if you would ren­der this Essence more effica­cious in Diseases of the Li­ver, and Disaffections of the Womb, he advises you to compound it after this man­ner: ℞ Zwelfer's true soluble Magistery of Red Coral (pre­pared with the Spirit of Ve­nus, see pag. 54. of his Ap­pendix) ʒ vj. dissolve it in the best Cinamon-water ℥iss. then add of this Essence of Mars ℥ij. mix them, so have you a de­obstructive hepatick Essence, which contains both the Vir­tues of the said Tincture of Mars, and Magistery of Co­ral, both thing and name.

§ 7. In this first Essence of Mars, this is to be observed, That if the humidity be ab­stracted by distillation, none of the Vitriol will be left be­hind, but it will also ascend and come over the Helm; whereas in other Solutions of Mars, made with Spirit or Oyl of Vitriol alone, it will not; by which it is evident, that this Preparation is much more subtil and volatile, and consequently more penetra­ting, than any of these Pre­parations can possibly be.

§ 8. Marggrave makes the Essence of Mars after this man­ner: ℞ Pure Filings of Mars ʒ ij. Spirit of Vinegar ℥iij. put them into a Glass Cucurbit, and digest in Sand for a Day and Night, increasing the Fire to the second and third degree, and in twenty four hours time you will extract a most red Tincture, which decant and filter: add to this double or treble refined Sugar, such a quantity as may bring it to the consistency of a Syrup, and Aro­matize it with two or thre [...] drops of Oyl of Cinamon, or Cloves.

§ 9. This Essence attem­perates the Acrimony of a­cid Humors, and melts them though never so tough and obdurate, opens Obstructi­ons, stimulates the Womb to action, cures Cachexies, Jaundice, Scurvy, &c. Dose half a spoonful in Wine or Ale.

V. Essentia Pulegii, Powers of Pennyroyal.

Bate.] They are made after the self-same manner in all re­spects, as Powers of Worm­wood, at sect. 1. aforegoing.

Salmon.] § 1. They are an excellent Cephalick, Pectoral, Uterine, and Nephritick: Cures Diseases of the Head, Brain, Nerves, and Joynts, [Page 180]as Apoplexies, Vertigo's, Le­thargies, Corns, Megrim, Head-ache, Coughs, Colds, Asthma's, Pleurisies, Obstru­ctions of the Lungs, Vapours, Obstructions of the Terms, Hysterick Fits, Convulsions, Palsies, Tremblings, Numb­ness, Loss of the use of Limbs, and other Disaffections of the Nerves; as also Pains and Aches, Gouts, and Sciatica's proceeding from a cold cause, by taking them inwardly, and bathing them outwardly up­on the parts affected.

§ 2. They warm a cold Stomach, give ease in Pains of the Colick, and Gripings of the Guts, proceeding from what cause soever: and be­ing drawn gently up the No­strils, give ease to the Me­grim or Head-ache, thô ne­ver so vehement.

§ 3. It is a famous thing for easing After-pains of Wo­men in Child-bed, being in­wardly taken, and the Belly well bathed with the same two or three times a day. See Dor. Med. lib. 2. cap. 5. sect. 15.

1. Elixir Camphoratum, The Camphorated Elixir.

Bate.] IT is made by dissol­ving Camphir ℥ss. in Tartarised S. V. tinged with Saffron ℥vj. S. A. It is a most admirable thing against the Plague, as well to preserve as to cure.: it prevails also against the Hysterick Passion. Dose ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. This is no­thing but the rectified Spirit of Wine, with Saffron, im­pregnated with the Body of Camphir: and is called by other Authors, Spirit of Wine camphorated. Rolfinc. lib. 4. sect. 2. cap. 5. but he makes it without Saffron, or any li­mitation of the quantity of the Spirit of Wine; not dif­fering much from Quercetan's Tartarized Essence of Camphir with Aqua Vitae,

§ 2. ℞ Rectified S. V. ℥vj. Choice Saffron ʒ iij. mix, and in five or six days extract a pure Tincture, which decant and filtrate: put it into a Glass Matrass, to which put the Camphir ℥ss, or better; fit to this Matrass another little one, and so make a double Ves­sel; lute them well together with slices of Paper and Paste: place your Vessel in a Sand Fur­nace, letting the Camphir stand till it be entirely dissolved in the S. V. the Spirit or Dissolu­tion will be pure and transpa­rent as before, and the Cam­phir will give it a pleasant smell.

§ 3. Camphir is a Gum Ro­sin, and therefore may easily be dissolved in Spirit of Wine, whose property it is to dis­solve Resinous Substances by the homogenity of its sub­stance, and the tenuity of its parts.

§ 4. It is a Cephalick, Car­diack, Antiarthritick, and an Alexipharmick, having a ve­ry great Diaphoretick force, and therefore very excellent against all manner of Malign or Pestilential Feavers, as the Measles, Small-pox, Calen­ture, Spotted Feaver, yea, and the Plague itself. Dose à ℈ss. ad ʒ ss. or ℈ij. in any Cor­dial Water, or medicated Wine.

§ 5. It chears the Heart, strengthens Nature, fortifies the Faculties, expels Wind, and to a Miracle cures the Colick, and Griping of the Guts, Rheumatisms, Gouts, &c. and revives all the Spi­rits, Natural, Vital, and A­nimal.

§ 6. It is an excellent ano­dyn to appease the Tooth­ache, by putting a little Cot­ton dipt therein to the pained Tooth, and it is good to help the Pains in the Ears, by dip­ping in it a little Conies or Rabbets Wool, and putting it into the Ear: Outwardly bathed upon places having the Gout, it cures them.

§ 7. It is also good in the Apoplexy, Lethargy, Verti­go, Megrim, Palsie, and o­ther old Diseases of the Head, Brain, and Nerves, as also against Vapors, and other Hysterical Maladies. Ba­thed upon an Inflamation in any part, it preserves it from a Mortification, and retrieves a Gangreen in the begin­ning.

II. Elixir Proprietatis Dulce, Sweet Elixir Proprietatis.

Bate.] It is made of Myrrh, Aloes, and Saffron, A. ℥j. ex­tracted with S. V. ℥viij. dige­sted and filtrated, S. A. It is used profitably against all Ma­lign Diseases, Hypochondria­cal and Uterine; it takes a­way the crudity of the Sto­mach, and restores a lost Ap­petite. Outwardly it serves for cleansing of sordid Ul­cers.

Salmon.] § 1. This is cal­led Sweet, (not that it is sweet in tast, but) in opposition to that which is made with Spi­rit of Sulphur; otherwise it is bitter like the Aloes it is made of.

§ 2. The preparation here­of without an acid, we have taught in our Doron Medicum, lib. 2. cap. 6. sect. 1. where also you have at large its Vir­tues and Use. The prepara­tion of that with an Acid, in our Pharm. Lond. lib. 4. cap. 6. sect. 1. from the Colledges Pre­scription, with Animadver­sions thereon. Besides which, there are several other Pre­scriptions, which we shall give you here.

§ 3. ℞ Tartarised S.V. af­fuse it upon Flowers of Sal Ar­moniack, so as to overtop it four or five inches: digest them to­gether till the Alcohol of the Wine is sufficiently impregna­ted with the Volatile Sal Ar­moniack: take of this Spirit ℥viij. Saffron ℥j. mix and ex­tract a Tincture in ten days: this done, decant the clear Tin­cture, [Page 186]and add to it Myrrh and Aloes in fine Pouder, A. ℥j. mix, digest a Month, sha­king it every day, then decant the clear Tincture for use. By this means your Elixir Pro­prietatis will be of much greater power, more pleasant in taste, and more grateful in smell.

§ 4. Maets makes it thus: ℞ Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, A▪ q. v. the Gums being in Pou­der, and the Saffron chopt small, affuse thereon Ol. Tar­tari per deliquium, so much as to moisten it, and make it a thick kind of pap: digest them in a warm Balneo for twenty four hours: to this fer­mented Mass, affuse Tartari­sed S. V. so much as to cover it four inches over: digest (often stirring it) till the Alcohol of the Wine is impregnated with the more subtil and pure Sul­phur, and Volatile Salt of the mixture, and becomes intensly of the colour of Blood, then de­cant it from the feces, and keep it for use. Dose à ʒ j. ad ʒ iv. It purges well.

§ 5. This, if you would have more Noble, you may fortifie thus: ℞ Of the pre­cedent Elixir ℥i. Volatile oily Salt ʒ ij. mix and digest them together for twenty four hours with a gentle digestion, so will they be firmly united, and make a most admirable Bal­samick Elixir. Dose à ℈j. ad ℈ij.

§ 6. But prepared with the Tincture of Sena, it is more Cathartick, and better in O­peration: ℞ Make a strong Tincture of Sena, with Tarta­rised S. V. or if you please, with common Spirit: of which take ℥viij. Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, A. ℥i. mix, and make an Elixir as before directed. This is superiour to all those which are ordinarily sold, and it is an excellent Medi­cine, which I cannot suffici­ently commend.

§ 7. I also prepare it thus: ℞ Powers of Amber, Aniseeds, Carraways, or Juniper Ber­ries ℥viij. Saffron, Myrrh, A­loes, A. ℥i. mix and make an Elixir. And if you add Sena ℥i. it fully answers the Inten­tions of all the former Prepa­rations, and becomes a No­ble Stomatick and Cardiack, wonderfully restoring and conserving the Balsam of the Blood.

§ 8. It provokes the Terms, opens all inward Obstructi­ons, and is a wonderful thing against Hypochondriack Me­lancholy: It cures the Green-sickness in Virgins, and the Scurvy, from a sharp and au­stere ferment in Elder Peo­ple; it is also given success­fully [Page 187]against all sorts of Ma­lign and Pestilential Feavers: it also resists Putrefaction and Poyson, helps the weakness of the Stomach, Crudities and Indigestion, and cures the Jaundice and Dropsie.

§ 9. It gently purges down­wards, and is a Specifick a­gainst Tertians, which it is said radically to take away: It is indeed a kind of Uni­versal Remedy, warming, drying, strengthning, evacua­ting, altering, and comfort­ing, and may be given in all Diseases, in all Ages, and to all Sexes. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒiij. or more.

§ 10. Hitherto we have been shewing you how it is made dulcid, or without an Acid, we shall now shew you how it is made with an acid from Lemery. ℞ Myrrh, Aloes, A. ℥ij. Saffron ℥j. S. V. so much as may overtop it a fin­ger's height above it, put all into a Bolt-head, which stop well, digest two days, then add Spirit of Sulphur, till the Li­quor is four fingers above the matter, shake all well together, and fit another Bolt-head to the former, making thereof a Cir­culating Vessel, digest in Horse-dung, or a gentle B. M. for four days, then decant the Tin­cture, strain, and keep it for use. It fortifies the Heart, purifies the Blood, and works by Sweat. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒij.

§ 11. From the remaining feces you may draw more Tincture, but it will not be so strong, nor so good as the former, because it has alrea­dy parted with its more vo­latil and pure parts; yet this second Tincture may serve to make new withal. Lemery also allows but ℥j. of Saffron, because it not only takes up much room by its lightness, but is withal sufficient to fill the Pores or Body of the Men­struum, so that if more should be added, it would receive no more.

§ 12. He first infused the Ingredients in S. V. thereby to draw there more Sulphu­rous parts; then he adds the acid Spirit, which being sweetned by the ramous parts of the S. V. it will have no more power or force, but on­ly to load itself with the Tin­cture. And by this mixture of the S. V. with the Spirit of Sulphur, the Elixir acquires a very pleasant smell.

§ 12. Le Febure makes his Elixir, which he calls Elixir Proprietatum, with the vola­til Spirit of Harts-horn, char­ged and saturated with its volatile Salt, thus: ℞ Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, A. ℥iij. put the [Page 188]Saffron, with the others, in Pouder, into a Bolt-head with a long Neck, and large, or at least two inches diameter: to which put rectified Spirit of Harts-horn, saturated with its volatile Salt, as much as it is able to dissolve, and ℥xx. of Tartarised S. V. stop the Ves­sel with a Circulatory, luting the Juncture with a wet Blad­der, Whites of Eggs and Flour, and digest in a very gentle B. M. for three days: then di­stil off ℥xv. slowly: and if the volatile Salt does sublime, dis­solve it again in the Spirit di­stilled, cohobating, digesting a­gain three days, and then di­stilling ℥xx. which cohobate, again digesting for three days more, which done, leave it till it is cold, then decant the clear, filter, and keep it for use.

§ 13. It alters and rectifies the Mass of Blood, cures the Scurvy, Jaundice, and Green-sickness, opens all Obstructi­ons, cures Palsies and Atro­phies, and is a most admira­ble thing against Hypochon­driack Melancholly, and Hy­sterick Fits. Dose à gut. x. ad xl. or ʒj. in the Morning fasting.

§ 14. Paracelsus was the Author of this Medicine; but the Prescript of Crollius; which makes it with Spirit of Sul­phur, has been best approved of, tho' without much rea­son, since that Spirit is enough to burn the pure substance of the Ingredients: Others as much disapprove of alcholi­zate Liquors, made with Ve­getable Salts, for that they think their Acrimony does e­nervate the most pure and es­sential parts; both which Objections may in part be true, and as easily removed on both hands, if a wise Man has it in managing.

§ 15. Charras makes it thus: ℞ Saffron, Myrrh, A­loes, A. in fine Pouder, mix, and slightly sprinkle them with a small quantity of Spirit of Sulphur, mixt with equal parts of rectified S. V. to which put Baum-water, so much as may over-top the Ingredients three fingers: mix well, and cover the Cucurbit with a Vessel of Rencounter, well luting the Juncture, digest in B. M. for fifteen days, stirring them from time to time; then decant the Tincture; putting in a third part more of Spirit of Wine, than you put before of Bawm-water: lute the Vessels together again, and digest for two Months, stirring the Ingredi­ents from time to time: then decant the Tincture, which fil­ter; and affuse new S. V. re­iterating the maceration, if you so please, (tho I suppose it [Page 189]will scarce be worth the trou­ble). Put the two first Tin­ctures together into a Cucurbit, which cover with its Head, lute the Juncture, and in Sand, or B. M. with a very gentle Fire draw off about two thirds of the Liquor; taking what re­mains in the Cucurbit, as the Elixir, which keep for use.

§ 16. Marggrave makes it thus: ℞ Best English Saffron, choice Myrrh, Aloes Socotrina, Spir. Sulphuris per Campanum A. ℥i. Tartarised S. V. ℥viij. mix, digest a Month, decant the Tincture, and keep it for use. Or thus: ℞ English Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, A. ℥i. Tartariz'd S. V. ℥xx. mix and digest eight days, then add Spirit of Sulphur ℥j. digest a­gain twenty days, and decant the pure black Tincture for use.

§ 17. Le Mort thus: ℞ English Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, A. ℥ij. moisten them first with S. V. then affuse so much Spi­rit of Sulphur, as may over­top them two inches, and digest twenty four hours: decant the Tincture, and to the faeces put Tartarised S. V. so much as to over-top it three inches, digest again for two days, till the Spi­rit is well tinged; mix these Tinctures together, filter them, digest a week, and keep it for use.

§ 18. These are the varie­ty of ways Authors have taught, which seem not to be so natural and excellent as the three following Methods, which we are willing to com­municate to the World, for the benefit of Mankind: The first two are performed with Alcalious Menstruums, the latter with an Acid.

§ 19. The first way: ℞ English Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, Sena, A. ℥i. Spiritus Intimus ℥x. mix, digest a Month, shaking them once a day, then let them settle, decant the clear, and keep it for use,

§ 20. The second way: ℞ English Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, Sena, A. ℥i. Powers of Aniseeds, Carraways, Juniper-berries, La­vender, or Rosemary ℥x. mix, digest a Month, then decant the clear, keeping it for use.

§ 20. The third way with an Acid: ℞ English Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, Sena, A. ℥i. Spirit of Wine rectified (accuated and digested with a quarter part of the best Spirit of Nitre or Sul­phur, before-hand) ℥x. mix, digest a Month, then decant the clear, and keep it in a Glass close stopt for use. These three last ways, are not only new Methods of making this Elixir, but also the best ways, and much exceeding all the [Page 190]former, as they who shall please to make tryal will cer­tainly find. Price 2 s. 6 d. an Ounce.

III. Elixir Proprietatis Pesti­lentiale, Elixir of Property against the Plague.

Bate.] ℞ Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes A. ℥ss. Spirit of Harts­horn ℥ij. mix and unite them with the Alcohol of the Spirit of Wine ℥iv. digest, decant, filter, and keep it for use.

Salmon.] § 1. This is from Le Febure, and is the same preparation with what we have before declared at § 12. of the former Section: and in § 13. of the same, you have its Virtues at large, so that no more need be said of it in this place.

§ 2. But if you would make it an absolute Anti­pestilential Medicament, you ought to make it thus: ℞ English Saffron, Myrrh, Aloes, Camphir, A. ℥i. Powers of Juniper ℥xij. accuated with Spirit of Nitre ℥i. mix, di­gest, decant, filter and keep it for use.

§ 3. This has more than treble the Virtues and Force in curing the Plague, and all sorts of Malign and Pestilen­tial Diseases of what kind soever, for it strikes at the root of the Disease, and ener­vates the Poyson to a Mira­cle: it not only cures, but also preserves from all kinds of contagious Diseases what­soever, in the time of their greatest rage and violence, so that he that takes this Me­dicine, needs fear no danger.

§ 4. It expels Wind, and is a safe and sure Remedy a­gainst the Colick and Griping of the Guts, how vehement soever; it kills Worms, and opens all Obstructions of the Reins and Bladder, provokes Urine, and expels Sand, Gra­vel, and all other things which obstruct those parts: I have given it to Children against the Measles and Small-pox, and with such success, that of some scores which I have given it to, I remember not one single Patient that has died, or done amiss. Dose à ℈ss. ad ʒ ss. ʒ i. plus minus, according to the Age and Condition of the sick.

§ 5. It is good also a­gainst Hypochondriack Me­lancholy, Madness, Diseases of the Head, Brain, and Nerves; and is of singular use against Lethargies, Ver­tigo's, Palsies, Cramps, Con­vulsions, and Hysterick Fits, being taken inwardly in a fit Dose Morning and Even­ing, and the parts afflicted [Page 191]being outwardly bathed with the same.

§ 6. It cures the Scurvy, want of Appetite, Indigestion, Rheumatisms, and wander­ing Pains, tho' of many years standing; and is accounted a Specifick against the Yel­low Jaundice. I have had a long experience of this latter Preparation, insomuch, that I think I cannot say enough of it, I am sure not too much and therefore once more re­commend it to the Thoughts Consideration, and Use of all the industrious Practisers of our Art.

IV. Elixir Proprietatis Tar­tarisatum, Elixir of Pro­perty Tartarisated.

Bate.] It is made of Myrrh, Aloes, and Saffron, A. ℥i. with Tincture of the Salt of Tartar ℥xij. digesting and filtering. S. A.

Salmon.] § 1. How Tin­cture of Salt of Tartar is to be made, shall be shewed in its proper place; and with that the Tinctures of the o­ther things are to be extract­ed; so that this Elixir is on­ly a Tincture extracted with a Tincture, or a Tincture extracted with the Sulphur of the Salt of Tartar, joyned with the Sulphurous S. V.

§ 2. Le Mort makes it thus: ℞ Aloes, Myrrh, Saf­fron, A. ℥j. Salt of Tartar ℥ss. rectified S. V. ℥xx. then digest fix days in B. M. &c. so that he would make the Sulphur of the Wine to extract two Tin­ctures at one time, viz. the Tincture of the Ingredients, and the Tincture of the Salt, which answers not the inten­tion; for this Elixir is to be valued by reason of the Men­struum extracting; and it is notoriously known, that the Tincture of Salt of Tartar much excels the best rectified S. V.

§ 3. If it be objected, that by this way of Le Mort's, you will have a Tincture of a Salt of Tartar, extracted with the Tincture of the other Ingredients, and so that up­on the matter, it will be the same thing; we answer, No. For the rectified S. V. will first act upon the Vegetable Ingredients, by which it will be enervated, or weakned, and clogged, that it will have no ability to extract the Tincture of the Salt, which is the design of the Pre­script.

§ 4. It has all the Virtues of the Vulgar or Common Elixir Proprietatis, at Sect. 2. aforegoing; besides which, it more powerfully opens Ob­structions, [Page 192]and more abso­lutely sweetens the Blood, and other Juices; absorbing the Acidity, and dissolving Coagulums in any part of the Body. Dose à ʒ j. ad ʒ ij.

V. Elixir Salutis, The Elixir of Health.

Bate.] ℞ Leaves of Sena ℥iv. Raspings of Guajacum, Elecampane dried, Aniseeds, Carraways, Coriander, Liquo­rice A. ℥ij. Raisons stoned ℥viij. Aqua Vitae lb vj. digest cold for four days, then strain through Hippocrates's Sleeve. Some add Salt of Tartar, Rhubarb, Scammony, &c. Dose one or two spoonfuls at Bed-time, and three or four more in the Morning.

Salmon.] § 1. There are many Prescipts of this Medi­cine, the Basis of which are Aqua Vitae and Sena, 3 Quarts of the one, to 6 Ounces of the other in proportion, which is the true Recipe: but to make it stronger, better, and more effectual, it ought to be Sena ℥ix. to Aq. Vitae lb vj. what is less than this is too little: the other things are added as a Com­plement to take off the Griping quality of the Sena, and there­fore whatsoever things will do that, and not hurt the tast of the Medicine, may be used instead of, or as well as them.

§ 2. Among those things which do that, Liquorice-Roots, and Carminatives are the chief; and of Carmina­tives, Aniseeds, and Juniper-berries bear away the Bell: To which may be added a Pectoral, such as is Elecampane.

§ 3. The Raisons are chie­fly added to sweeten it, thô they have also a slimy, and laxative, or loosning quality withal; so also has Honey, which will purge some Per­sons of itself: But since the whole Cathartick Virtue de­pends upon the Sena, a Syrup of refined Sugar may serve as well to dulcifie the Mixture, for that all Melaginous and Saccharine Bodies are very apt, and that naturally to loosen the Body.

§ 4. Aqua Vitae, Aniseed-water, or Spirit of Wine, are made use of, not for that they extract the Virtue of the Se­na better than some other Menstruum, but because, 1. The Medicine will better keep, than when it is prepa­red with a simple Aqueous Body. 2. They better cor­rect the Griping quality of the Sena, than Water can. 3. They much better extract the Virtues of the Corre­ctives, whose Sulphurs could scarcely be drawn forth with a simple watry Men­struum.

§ 5. Some Prescripts have Pouder of Jallap ℥j. which does somewhat quicken it as to its Operation: and that (if any other Cathartick is added to the Sena) is the best Purger which we know of, which has so little ill tast: now if Jallap be added, you must be certain to use a Spirituous Menstruum, for an Aqueous one, will draw nothing out of it.

§ 6. If you prepare it with the Jallap you may order the Proportions after this man­ner: ℞ Alexandrian Sena ℥iv. Pouder of Resinous Jallap ℥i. Aniseeds, Juniper-berries, Li­quorice, Elecampane, (all brui­sed) ana ℥ij. Aqua Vitae a Gallon: mix, digest, strain, and dulcifie it with a Syrup made with double refined Sugar.

§ 7. If you prepare it with­out Jallap, you may order the Proportions thus: ℞ Choice Sena ℥xvj. Elecampane dried, Liquorice, Aniseeds, Juniper-Berries, A. ℥vj. Aqua Vitae, three Gallons: mix, digest a week, strain, and then dulci­fie it in Syrup of Liquorice made with doublerefined Sugar.

§ 8. It is a good Purga­tive, and by reason it is made with a Spirituous Menstruum, it is the more apt to insinuate itself into the Blood and Hu­mors, and so to cleanse and depurate them: It cures the Scurvy, Dropsie, Gout, and Jaundice; is good against the Sciatica, Kings-Evil, Scabs, and all manner of Breakings­out in the Body; it opens Obstructions in the Stomach, Gall, Liver, Spleen, Reins, and other Viscera; it is Pe­ctoral, and prevails after an eminent manner against Di­seases of the Lungs, as Coughs, Colds, Asthma's, Obstructi­ons of the Lungs, Shortness of Breath, Difficulty of Brea­thing, and other Distempers of those parts of like nature. It is also an excellent Reme­dy against the Griping of the Guts, Belly-ache, &c. car­rying off the cold, acid, and viscous Humours, sticking to the Tunicles of the Guts, causing those Diseases.

§ 9. It is truly an excel­lent thing against Rheuma­tisms, or wandering Pains running up and down in any part of the Body; draws forth and expels watry Humours, and prevails mightily against Disaffections of the Stomach and Bowels: you may take it alone of itself, without mix­ing it with any other thing, for it is pleasant enough: Some take it as the Author has directed; others take it altogether in the Morning, three or four spoonfuls or [Page 194]more at a time. It is a Me­dicine I much use, and is a good general Purger, and may be had ready prepared at my House at Eighteen-pence a small Bottle: but I deviate something in the Preparation from the former Prescripti­on.

VI. Elixir Vitae, Elixir of Life.

Bate,] ℞ Nutmegs, Mace, best Cinamon A. ℥i. Cloves ℥ss. the yellow of Orange and Ci­tron-peels A. ʒ iij. best Saffron ℥ij. Tartarised S. V. lb iij. mix, digest, and filtrate, S. A.

Salmon.] § 1. This is pro­perly but a Tincture, ex­tracted from the Ingredients with Tartarisated S. V. but if you would have the Spirit Elixitrated, it ought to be first drawn off from the Mat­ter with a very gentle Fire, cohobated upon the feces se­veral times, till the Spirit be­comes maturated with the Spirituous Sulphur of the par­ticulars.

§ 2. This done, you are to take the like fresh Ingredients, and then to digest them in this Elixirated Spirit for 20 days, in a temperate place, by which means you will ex­tract also the Corporeal Sul­phur, which by digestion will be united with the Spiritu­ous, and so make an excel­lent Medicine.

§ 3. It is a great Cordial, revives all the Spirits Natu­ral, Vital, and Animal, forti­fies the Faculties, strengthens the Head, Brain, Nerves, Heart, and all the other prin­cipal parts, and comforts the whole Body.

§ 4. It is good against all manner of Infectious Disea­ses, as Measles, Small-pox, Spotted Feaver, Purples, and the Plague itself: It prevails against Faintings, Swoonings, Sickness at Stomach, and all other Diseases of the Heart and Praecordia. You may give it à ʒj. ad ʒij. or more, in any proper Vehicle.

VII. Elixir Vitrioli, Elixir of Vitriol.

Bate.] ℞ Cinamon, Gin­ger, Cloves, A. ʒ iij. Calamus Aromat. ℥j. Galangal ℥iss. Leaves of Sage, Spear-Mint, A. ℥ss. Cubebs, Nutmegs, A. ʒ ij. Wood of Aloes, Citron-peels, A. ʒ j. make all into a fine Pouder; and add thereto White Sugar-candy ℥iij. Spi­rit of Wine lb iss. Oyl of Vi­triol lb j. extract a Tincture by digesting it twenty days S. A. then filter, and keep it for use. It wonderfully comforts the [Page 195]Stomach and Bowels, and [...]rovokes Appetite: it pre­ [...]erves from the Epilepsie and Apoplexy, purges the Brain, [...]nd dries the Head, and whole Body, whose Natural Habit is overturned with a [...]eneral Flegmatick Catarrh, [...]reeing it wonderfully from [...]ain. Dose à ℈ss. ad ℈j.

Salmon.] § 1. In making [...]f this Medicine, we are to [...]onsider, 1. The Menstruum. [...]. The Ingredients. 3. The [...]reparation.

§ 2. As to the Menstruum, [...] consists of two parts, Spirit [...]f Wine, and Oyl of Vitriol: [...]he Spirit of Wine ought to [...]e that which is highest recti­ [...]ied or tartariz'd, whereby it [...]ay be freed from its chief [...]legmatick parts: the Oyl of [...]itriol ought also to be pure [...]nd free from its Flegm: These two pure Substances [...]re to be mixed together, and [...]igested till they are united; [...]nd the Menstruum will be [...]o much the better if it be [...]istilled, and brought over [...]he Helm; for by that means [...]he conjunctions will be the more firm.

§ 3. The Menstruum be­ [...]ng thus prepared, the Ingre­dients are next to be consi­dered; and therein you will do well if you except the Su­garcandy; for that, by its too sudden dissolution will be apt to blunt the edge of the Menstruum, whereby it will not well extract the whole Virtue of the other Ingredi­ents.

§ 4. This done, put in the several Particulars into the Liquor, and digest for twen­ty days, shaking the Glass once or twice a day; then decant the clear and filter: this is but a Tincture, but if you would elixirate it, you must draw it off in a Glass Alembick in B. M. to driness, and cohobate it three or four times, so will you have a subtil and volatile Elixir, of such pure and thin parts as will be able to penetrate through the whole Body in a moment.

§ 5. After the last Coho­bation, you may put in your Sugarcandy in fine Pouder, which being dissolved, let the Liquor stand till it is fine, and keep it for use.

§ 6. It is an excellent Sto­matick, Cephalick, and Neu­rotick, good against and cold and moist Diseases of the Head and Brain, Palsies, In­disposotions of the Stomach, the Scurvy, in a cold Habit of Body, Rheumatisms, Sick­ness at Heart, Faintings, Swoonings, and the like. Dose à ʒss. ad ʒj.

VIII. Elixir Vitae Maetsia­num, Mates his Elixir of Life.

Salmon.] ℞ Fresh Damask Roses preserved with Salt lb j. Tartariz'd S. V. lb iiss. digest them together for two days; and then distil with a very gentle Fire, hanging in the Beak of the Alembick, Amber­grise ʒ ss. Oriental Musk ℈ss. mixt together: to the distil­led Liquor add of the best Li­gnum Aloes finely rasped, or in Pouder ℥ij. Yellow of Orange-peels, A. ℥ss. Yellow of Limon-peels ℥iss. Oyl of Cinamon ʒ iss. digest them together for two or three days; so will you have a Cordial Elixir of almost infi­nite Virtues.

§ 2. It is a great Cepha­lick, Neurotick, Cardiack, and Alexipharmick, and an egregious Remedy against all Diseases proceeding from cold and moisture in any part of the Body. It is good against the Lethargy, Carus, Apo­p [...]xy, Epilepsie, Palsie, and [...]old and mo [...]st Distempers of [...]he Womb, and is good for Barrenness in Women. It is singular good against Paint­ [...] ▪ Swoonings, Palp [...]ta [...]n and Sickness at Heart, Weak­ness of the Stomach, Indige­stion, and want of Appetite.

§ 3. Where note, That if you would have it more grate­ful to the Palate, you ought to dulcifie it either with the best double refined Sugar, or with a Syrup made of the Yellow of Limon-peels. Dose à ʒ ss. ad ʒ j. or ʒ iss. in a Glass of Wine.

IX. Elixir Anodynum Le Mo­tianum, Le Mort's Elixir Anodyne.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ S. V. re­ctified after the following man­ner: ℞ Vitriol calcined to whitness with a very gentle Fire lb j. Nutmegs, Saffron A. ʒ ij. Camphir ʒ iv. Tartarised S. V. lb v. digest all together for three or four days, then di­stil off the one half: the Feces evaporate with a very gentle Fire to driness, and cohobate the former distilled Spirit up­on them. and distil in B. M. to driness. To this put Thebian Opium made with Water ℥i. [...]ho [...]c [...] S [...]ffron ℥s [...]. Nutmegs, Lignum A [...]oe [...] ▪ [...]. Cam­ph [...]r ʒ i [...] ▪ ye [...] [...] [...]s ℥i. mix and digest [...] [...]ether, for [Page 197]two or three days, the longer the better.

§ 2. This is a troublesome way of making the Menstru­um for Extraction; a sim­ple rectificated S. V. from Pot-ashes by cohobation, may do nearly as well, and so save much labour: and a rectification upon any Alca­lious Salt without distillation will do the same.

§ 3. It is highly Anodyn, and gives ease in all sorts of Pains whatsoever: it gently induces Sleep and Rest, and renders the Spirits chearful, and is a most excellent thing in Feavers, and other like Acute Diseases. It ceases the too great Effervescence of the Blood, if made with the Vi­triol as afore directed.

§ 4. But if made with the Alcali Salt, it opens more, and therefore, provokes the Terms, and moves Sweat, more especially if mixed with other Sudorificks. Dose à gut. vj. ad ʒss.

X. Elixir Menstruale Le Mor­tianum, Le Mort's Ure­rine Elixir.

Salmon.] § 1. ℞ Rosemary, Rue, Savin, A. Mij. Laven­der, Marjoram, Pennyroyal, Motherwort, A. M. j. Roots of round Cypress, Levisticum, A. ℥ss. Sassafras, Orange-peels, A. ℥ss. Seeds of Daucus, Lovage' Anise, A. ʒ vj. Cinamon ʒ ij. Spirit of Wine lbiv. cut what are to be cut, and bruise what are to be bruised, then mix all together, and macerate them for twenty four hours, then di­stil to one half: the Spirit drawn off, mix with fresh S. V. and rectifie again upon the same Herbs; and repeat once more the same operation. Then add Filings of Steel lb j. Cremor Tart. lb iss. Spring-water lb viij. boil them together, till the Liquor becomes of a red co­lour, filter, and evaporate to the consistency of a Syrup, which keep for use. Lastly, ℞ A third part of the former Spi­rit, Saffron ℥ss. mix and ex­tract a Tincture. ℞ Another third part of the said Spirit, sweet-smelling round Cypress-roots ℥iss. mix, and extract a Tincture. ℞ The last third part of the same Spirit, of the former Syrup of Mars, double the quantity of the Spirit: mix them, and extract a Tin­cture: mix all these three Tinctures together, and keep them for use.

§ 2. It is an excellent thing to open all Obstructions of the Womb, as also of the Liver and Spleen; and a most admirable Medicine to cure the Green-sickness in Virgins: [Page 198]It is also of singular use to facilitate the Birth, and to expel the Birth and After­birth; it strengthens all the Viscera or inward parts, and causes a good colour in the Face.

§ 3. It is given à ʒss. ad ʒij. in all Diseases of the Womb, as Vapors, Fits of the Mo­ther, Obstructions of the Courses, and the like, in which, 'tis possible it may do more, than many other more famed Medicines for those purposes.

§ 4. It sweetens the Blood, and by a constancy in taking it, alters the ferment of all the Juices, so that more may be done by this Medicine in ten days time, than by many others in an hundred; be­sides which, it is an excellent Cordial, as the Saffron, and other Cordial Ingredients of which it is compounded de­monstrate.

§ 5. It is given with suc­cess in all fainting and swoon­ing Fits, and in Palpitations, and other Distempers of the Heart and Praecordia, as also in Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, as Asthma's, Shortness of Breath, Difficulty of Brea­thing, Wheezing, &c.

XI. Elixir Juniperinum Rol­fincii, Elixir of Juniper.

Salmon.] ℞ Rob of Juniper-berries, or the Melaginous Ex­tract ℥iij. Malago-wine lb iss. mix them well in a Marble or Glass Mortar, then let them stand in digestion: the Tin­cture separate by straining through a Hypocras Bag, and keep it for use.

§ 2. If some few drops of the Oyl, and ℥iv. of the in­flamable Spirit of Juniper-berries be added, it will yet be better.

§ 3. It opens, attenuates the Blood, and breaks or dissolves any tartarous or sa­bulous coagulation in the Reins or Ureters, and expels it to admiration. Dose à ʒss. ad ʒj. in any appropriate Vehicle.

I. * Tinctura Absinthii, Tin­cture of Wormwood.

Bate.] ℞ DRied tops of com­mon Wormwood freed from the stalks ℥v. be­ing bruised, add to them Tar­tarisated S. V. ℥xx. digest in B. M. for some days, then strain out by a strong expres­sion: in the Liquor infuse more tops of dried Wormwood, and express as before, repeat­ing this Work the third time; then filter through brown Pa­per, and keep it for use. Dose gut. vj. plus-minus, in a Glass of Wine, Beer, or Ale.

Salmon.] § 1. Thô it is not impossible to make the Medi­caments in these proportions, yet I can assure you, upon many Tryals, that the quan­tity of the S. V. is by much too little; it ought to be ℥xxx. at least: and if at last to this Tincture thirty drops of the Oyl of Wormwood be ad­ded, it will yet be so much the better.

§ 2. It is a great Stoma­tick, strengthning and fort [...] ­fying of those parts to a won­der. It causes a good Appe­tite to Food, and by cherish­ing and exciting the languid Heat of the Part, causes a good digestion; by which means good Blood is genera­ted, and a good Habit of Body created. It both pre­serves from, and cures the Scurvy in a cold Habit of Body, and is an excellent thing for such as are inclina­ble to the Jaundice and Dropsie.

§ 3. Being constantly ta­ken for some time, after due purging, it opens Obstructi­ons of the Liver, Spleen, and Womb, and provokes the Terms in Women. Dose à gut. x. ad xx. in Wine or Ale, or some appropriate Ve­hicle.

II. * Tinctura Amygdaloides, The Almond-like Tin­cture.

Bate.] ℞ The white parts of Benjamin. Styrax, Cala­mita, Tartarised S. V. lbj. digest till they are dissol­ved, then filter and abstract [Page 200]the Spirit to the one half. It is an excellent Pectoral and Neurotick, good against Ca­tarrhs, Asthma's, Diseases of the Nerves, and provokes Sweat, &c. Dose à ʒij. ad ʒvj.

Salmon.] § 1. In my Opi­nion, it will be best to pre­serve the Tincture with the whole quantity of Spirit, for it is little enough; lest by that abstraction the disabled Gums should in part precipitate, or fall down to the bottom; and you will find the Tin­cture strong enough, so that at the utmost Dose, you need not give above ʒiv. or half an Ounce thereof.

§ 2. It must always be gi­ven in some proper Vehicle, for by reason of its great strength it is impossible to be taken alone: being mixed with Wine, or any other Aqueous Vehicle, it makes it immediately look white like Milk, or an Emulsion of Al­monds, from which it may take its Name, as well as from the Almond-like pieces of the Benjamin, of which it is in part made.

§ 3. Le Mort makes it of Flowers of Benjamin, thus: ℞ Flowers of Benjamin ℥j. re­ctified S. V. twice distilled from Carminatives ℥iv. mix and digest with a gentle heat, in a Vial with a long Neck, or Bolt-head, till the Spirit is tinged of a deep yellow co­lour.

§ 4. This, says he, contains much greater Virtues than the simple Flowers of Benja­min. It discusses Wind, cures an inveterate Asthma and Cough, and helps the short­ness of Breath, and difficulty of Breathing, as also gives present ease in the Colick. Dose à gut. vj. ad xx. or xxiv.

§ 5. Or thus, from the same Le Mort: ℞ Tartari­sed S. V. ℥iij. or iv. Benja­min in fine Pouder ℥i. Oyl of Rhodium gut vj. digest till the Spirit is tinged of a rubicund colour. Take of this some drops, and mix it with an Ounce of Damask Rose-water, and it will become like Milk; it helps Spots and Pimples in the Face, Redness of the Eyes, and is good against all sorts of Inflamations. Inwardly you may give it mixt with Syrup of Hyssop, Liquorice, or Coltsfoot, and exhibit it to such as are Asthmatick.

§ 6. He prepares it also thus: ℞ Tartarised S. V. ℥ij. Flowers of Benjamin ʒ iss. Sty­rax Calamita, ʒ ss. Oyl of Rho­dium, gut. vij. Musk gr. iij. Civet gr. ij. mix and digest, till the Tincture is of a rubi­cund [Page 201]colour; then decant the clear from the feces.

§ 7. Of this he makes a Lac Virginale thus: ℞ Of this Tincture ʒ i. Water of white Lillies, or white Roses, or of Damask Roses ℥ij. mix them: It cures Inflamations of the Eyes, and an Erysi­pelas, &c. It is a most pre­cious thing even for the most noble and delicate sort of Peo­ple.

§ 8. It is also thus made: ℞ Flowers of Benjamin ℥j. Styrax Calamita ℥ss. Oyl of Rhodium, or of Jessamy, gut. viij. Civet gr. viij. mix the Civet and Styrax together, then add the Oyl of Rhodium, and after that the Flowers of Ben­jamin, to which affuse the S. V. and digest two or three days, then decanting the clear from the feces.

§ 9. This last Preparation is an excellent Perfume, for Gloves, Cloaths, Linnen, &c. in this manner: ℞ Damask Rose-water, or other perfumed Water ℥i. of this Tincture forty drops, in which let them be dipt or besmeared, and then gently dried in the shade: It is also accounted an excellent Cosmetick, washing the skin therewith; and allays Infla­mations, more especially if a little Camphir be added to the Tincture.

§ 10. This of our Au­thor's Prescription (as well as all the Preparations fol­lowing it) is an admirable Pectoral, and Antiasthmatick, helping such as are troubled with difficulty of Breathing, or shortness of Breath. It is Cordial, moves Sweat, and by reason of its fragrant O­dour wonderfully comforts the Animal Spirits, suppres­ses noxious Vapors, and re­sists the malignity of Conta­gious Feavers. Dose à gut. x. ad xxx. in any proper Vehi­cle.

§ 11. Locum Ambrae-grysieae obtinere potest, si loco Spiritus Vini & Olei Ligni Rhodii, substituatur Spiritus Rosarum Damascenarum fragrantissi­mus & Oleum Cinnamomi ea­dem proportione.

III. * Tinctura Antimonii E­metica, Vomiting Tincture of Antimony.

Bate.] It is extracted out of the Glass of Antimony with Spirit of Vinegar, then filtring and exhaling to driness. The Matter dissolved in Water, filtrated, and again abstracted to driness, digest with [Tarta­riz'd] S. V. till it is of a ru­bicund colour, which filter. A Tincture may also be extracted from the Scoria of the Regulus [Page 202]of Antimony, with Tartarised S. V. digested and filtred. Or you may extract a Tincture from the Vitrum Antimonii, with rectified Spirit of Venus, which being decanted, may be abstracted in an Alembick, but not to driness; then extract the Tincture therefrom with rectified S. V. which filter, and exhale to a convenient thick­ness. Dose to gr. x.

Salmon.] § 1. These Pre­parations are in general Terms; but because the Medicine is admirable be­yond many others of much greater Names and Account, and because by these general Prescriptions (for want of Proportions) the young Tyro may easily err in the Pro­cess, we shall take the pains to explicate every thing more particularly.

§ 2. Maets makes it thus: ℞ Alcohol of Vitrum Antimo­nii q. v. affuse thereon re­ctified Spirit of Venus drawn with Mineral Sulphur, so much as may over-top it three in­ches: set it in a continual di­gestion, stirring it with a wood­en stick two or three times a day, so long till the Menstruum has extracted a most yellow Tincture from the Antimony: decant the Tincture, and if you think good, affuse more fresh Menstruum, extracting as before: mix the Tinctures, and by a Glass Alembick ab­stract the humidity, till the Magma is of the thickness of Oyl: to this Magma affuse Al­cohol of S. V. so much as may over-top it the depth of three inches; set it in a warm di­gestion, till the Spirit is im­pregnated with the Tincture of Antimony; which decant, and in a Glass Alembeck in B. M. abstract the S. V. to one half, so will the Tincture of Anti­mony remain behind.

§ 3. This Tincture, if you would have it high coloured, and more efficacious, you must impregnate it with the Crocus of Sol thus: ℞ Of this Tincture of Antimony p. iij. Croci Solis p. j. mix them in a Porcelane Vessel, and over a gentle Fire evaporate to driness. This is a dry Tincture, and is given à gr. ij. ad vj. a­gainst all Diseases which are to be cured by Sweat, as Measles, Small-pox, Spotted Feaver, Plague or Pestilence, and all kinds of Pestilential and Malign Diseases, but chiefly in the French-Pox, Leprosie, profound Scab, in­veterate Herpes, Apoplexies, Contractures, &c.

§ 4. This Crocus of Sol is thus made: ℞ Pure Sol pur­ged by Antimony p. j. purified Mercury p. vj. make S. A. an [Page 203]Amalgama, which commix with double its whole quanti­ty of Sulphur: mix them well, and calcine them upon a Tile, continually stirring it, till all the Sulphur and Mercury are gone; so have you the Crocus Solis, which wash, and dry for use.

§ 5. Le Mort makes it thus: ℞ Alcohol of Vitrum Antim. q. v. sweet Spirit of Salt. to which a few drops of Spirit of Nitre are added: mix and di­gest for some days, till a very yellow Tincture is extracted: this decant, and draw off the Spirit in B. M. till a fourth part only remains, to which affuse Alcohol of S. V. ℥xij. and digest as before, so have you a Tincture of great Virtues.

§ 6. Or thus: ℞ Rectified Spirit of Salt ℥iij. rectified Spi­rit of Nitre ℥ij. Alcohol of S. V. ℥xij. digest, and then distil, cohobating twice, till the Spirits are well united, with which extract a Tincture as before. This Tincture, says he, is like a Panacea in all Diseases which are to be cu­red by Sweat, which it per­forms with much less labour and time, than the Tincture which is made by the help of distilled Vinegar, and may be given à gut. j. ad x. or xx. in Wine.

§ 7. He also has this: ℞ ℞ Antimony, Nitre, A. p. j. Salt of Tartar p. ij. mix them well, and put them by spoonfuls into a large red hot Crucible, letting them melt together for at least half an hour: then be­ing cooled, let the matter be poudred, and with Tartariz'd S. V. q. s. or so much as may over-top the Pouder three or four inches, extract a Blood-red Tincture, by digesting for some days in a Phial close stopt: this Tincture decant, and af­fuse new Spirit upon the feces, digesting as before, and thus continuing till the matter will yield no more Tincture: all these Extractions mix, and obstract the Spirit in B. M. till one half only remains.

§ 8. Marggrave makes it thus: ℞ Alcohol of Vitrum Antimonii ℥i. put it into a Glass Matrass, to which put re­ctified Spirit of Venus ℥iv. stop it close, and digest fourteen days in a gentle heat, till the Tincture is of a Blood-red co­lour: this decant gently from the feces, and so often till it is perfectly fine and pure: then put it into a Glass Retort, and with a gentle Fire (or if it may be in B. M.) draw off the Spirit of Venus to driness: sic recuperabitur Spiritus Vene­ris:) in the bottom you have a rubicund Pouder, to which af­fuse Tartarised S. V. so much [Page 204]as may over-top it the depth of four inches: digest for some days, till you have a red Tin­cture, which decant, and by a Glass Retort abstract the Spirit to one half; so will there re­main a rubicund Liquor, fat like Oyl, which Chymists call the Gemuine Tincture of Anti­mony.

§ 9. Charras extracts the Tincture thus: ℞ Alcohol of Vitrum Antimonii ℥ij. put it into a Matrass; and affuse thereon rectified Oyl of Amber, or of Juniper Berries, or of Turpentine ℥xx. cover it with its blind Head, lute the Jun­cture, and digest in a strong Sand heat, till the Liquor seems ready to boil, which con­tinue till it is very deeply co­loured. This Tincture works by Stool, or by Sweat, and is given à gut. ij. ad v. or vj. in any proper Liquor.

§ 10. Le Febure has two ways of making this Tincture, First, With the Spirit of Ve­nus, as we have taught from Marggrave at § 8. above. Se­condly, With this following Menstruum: The Menstru­um: ℞ Choice Vitriol, pure common Salt, Quick-lime A lb j, Sal Armoniack ℥iv. make each feverally into Pouder, then mix them, and put them into a Cu­curbit, adding good Spirit of Vinegar lb iij. cover it with its blind Head, which lute on, and digest with a slow heat twenty four hours, which done, put all into a Report, and with de­grees of Fire, draw the Spirit in about twenty four or thirty hours: weigh the Spirit di­stilled, and add its equal weight of common Salt to it, and re­ctifie it in a gradual heat, so as what distils may come over fair and clear, and nothing of troubledness in it.

§ 11. Then take Alcohol of Vitrum Antimonii lb j. put it into a large Matrass, upon which affuse the former pre­pared Menstruum: mix them together, and put them into di­gestion in Ashes, in an equal heat, till the Vitrum is dissol­ved: decant the clear by in­clination, and filter the re­mainder; put all into a Cu­curbit, which cover with its Head: lute and place it in B. M. and distil to driness with a gentle heat: at bottom of the Cucurbit will be a thick blackish matter, which in a cold Cellar upon a square Glass will dissolve into an oily or red Liquor, which Liquor put into a small glass Cucurbit, and in Ashes abstact the moisture to driness; this done, immedi­ately (before it takes air) af­fuse thereon Alcohol of S. V. put all into a Pellican, or dou­ble Digester, lu [...]e the Joynts, [Page 205]and digest in a very gentle Bal. Vap. till the Spirit is tinged of a fair high red colour, which de­cant, and add more Spirit, thus continuing till the Spirit will be no more tinged: those Tinctures mix, filtrate, and abstract from them two thirds of their Spi­rit, in a gentle B. M. so will the wonderful, and almost in­valuable Tincture be left at the bottom for use.

§ 12. Now here is to be noted, That this red Liquor made in the Cellar upon a square Glass, is one of the best Balsams in the World, for curing of Wounds, and all kind of malignant Ulcers, be they never so inveterate or dangerous, but chiefly those which proceed from the Pox, Kings-Evil, Cancers, &c. It is also good aganst Pocky Nodes, for which reason it is necessary always to be kept in the form ready prepared.

§ 13. The Virtues of these Tinctures of Antimony. Le Fe­bure saith, They are endowed with infinite Virtues; for they are Soveraign Remedies against all inveterate Obstru­ctions of the Liver and Spleen, and all other parts of the in­feriour Ventricle; they open Obstructions of the Lungs, provoke the Terms, cure the Green-sickness, Yellow and Black Jaundice, Dropsy, Phthi­sick, Asthma, Difficulty of Breathing, Pleurisie, Cache­xia, and Hypochondriacal Melancholly.

§ 14. They are excellent against all manner of Ulcers, both internal and external, thô in the Lungs, Stomach, Reins, and Ureters, or Blad­der, are good against the Le­prosie, Plague, Great and Small-pox, and all sorts of Pestilential and Malignant Feavers, as Measles, Spotted Feaver, &c. They are good against all kinds of Itch, Scabs, and Breakings-out, and ge­nerally all ill Humors and Habits of Body which de­stroy Health.

§ 15. They purge and drive away whatever is hateful to the Body, by Sweat, Urine, and insensible Transpiration, and sometimes by Vomit: The Dose in general may be from gut. iij. ad x. or xij. in Spanish Wine, or Canary, or Mead, Hydromel, or other Analagous Liquor. Let it be taken in Bed, the sick ex­pecting its Sudorifick opera­tion, reiteràting it every day, or every second or third day, as need requires: but for pre­vention of any Sickness, once a week will be enough, or seldomer.

IV. Tinctura Antimonii Pur­gans, Purging Tincture of Antimony.

Bate.] ℞ Glass of Antimo­ny finely poudred ℥i. Spirit of Vitriol not rectified ℥viij. di­gest in B. M. till the Tincture becomes of a black red colour. It is accounted as a Panchy­magogon for the cure of all Diseases: it strengthens the Stomach, opens Obstructi­ons, cures the Green-sickness, Cachexia, &c. Dose à gut. vj. ad x.

Salmon.] § 1. This Tin­cture is drawn from the Sul­phur of the Antimony, which in its own nature is an Eme­tick, and so would be now, were it drawn with many o­ther Vehicles, or not correct­ed with the Spirit of Vitriol, which Spirit does two things at once, viz. both draws the Tincture, and corrects it.

§ 2. The same may also be done with Spirit of Sul­phur in like manner, and it will have the same operation downwards which this has, whereas that which is drawn with Spirit of Vinegar, is for the most part wholly Eme­tick.

§ 3. It may also be made with Spirit of Venus drawn from Vitriol of Venus, or from Verdigrise, in all respects as you make common Oyl of Vitriol, and with this Men­struum it is that Maets makes it, who saith, It is good a­gainst all Diseases which are to be cured by Sweat, and is of principal use against the Leprosie, and French Disease, as also against inveterate Fe­vers, Apoplexies, &c.

§ 4. Le Mort makes it with sweet Spirit of Salt, ad­ding only a few drops of Spi­rit of Nitre: But that the Ni­tre does little, I am very well satisfied, for putting the Spi­rit of Nitre alone upon the Pou­der of the Vitrum, it makes no alteration at all, whereas if to the Spirit of Nitre you add as much Spirit of Vitriol, it will so dissolve the Vitrum, as the whole will become a Pulp, and drink up all the humidity, and this it will continually do, till the Vitrum has drunk up seven or eight times its weight of the Spirit of Vitriol; this Mass being washed with fair warm Water, several times, till it is freed from the Salts, leaves a Milk or rather Cream white Pouder behind it, which will work both upwards and down­wards in a small Dose, (thô mostly downwards) and in a very small Dose, viz. à half gr. ad gr. iiss. but generally [Page 207]gr. j. will be Dose large e­nough for any ordinary Per­son; or gr. iss. at most, very few Constitutions being able to bear gr. ij. and a half, or gr. iij.

§ 5. This Tincture is ac­counted as a Panacaea against all Diseases, which require much labour and time in cu­ring: I know it to be a Specifick against the Kings-Evil, and in that Disease I have done wonders with it: it is a Specifick also against all sorts of Feavers, and pow­erfully opens all Obstructi­ons in both Reins and Blad­der; and cures the Green­sickness in Virgins. It re­sists Putrefaction, and the Plague, and all manner of Infection and Poyson. It purifies and corroborates the Blood, and frees it from all Impurities, rendering it, as some Authors say, incorru­ptible. Dicitur curare Ele­phantiasin, Lepram, omnes­que alios insanabiles morbos. Collect. Chym. pag. 48.

V. Tinctura Armoniaci, Tin­cture of Sal Armoni­ack.

Bate.] ℞ Sal Armoniack lbij. [Filings] of Mars lbj. mix them well together by beating and grinding, and di­stil them by a Retort with a gradual heat: save the Spirit of Sal Armoniack by itself: The Mars remaining at the bottom of the Retort, pouder and sweeten it by manifold wash­ings with fair Water: after add Spirit of Wine lbij. and digest warm for eight days: decant the Spirit, and affuse new Spirits, digesting as be­fore eight days: then abstract the Spirit of Wine lbiij. in B. M. so that lbj. only may re­main, which is the Tincture. It prevails wonderfully in o­pening all Obstructions of both Liver and Spleen; also against Hypochondriack Me­lancholly, Quartane Agues, the Cachexie, Dropsie, Green­sickness, Scurvy, Stoppage of the Terms, and their too much overflowing. Dose à gut. vj. ad xij. in any conve­nient Liquor.

Salmon.] § 1. This is ra­ther a Tincture of Mars, than a Tincture of Sal Armoniack, the chief work of the Salt be­ing to open the Body of the Mars, that it may the bet­ter yield its Tincture.

§ 2. But Le Febure makes it of Vitriol of Mars after this manner: ℞ White Vitriol of Mars (prepared as we shall hereafter teach) ℥ij. in fine Pouder, and as much Sal Tar­tari foliated (but some say Sal [Page 208]Saturni, others Sal Armoniack) in Pouder: mix them in a Marble Mortar, so will the Salt on a sudden, after a won­derful manner, draw forth the Soul of the Mars, or its Sulphur, out of the Center of its Vitriol; for altho' this Vitriol is white, and this Salt also, yet in an in­stant will a deep red predomi­nate, higher in colour than that of Saffron: this Mass stir so long till it is reduced to a pap, then expose it to the moist Air, that the whole may be resolved into a Liquor, which is already an Aperitive and Deopulative Remedy, and may be given against all manner of Obstructions, and against the coagulation of Tartar in Man's Body, from gut. vj. ad xvj. in any Broth or proper Vehicle.

§ 3. But this is not the per­fection Le Febure aims at: To this end, saith he, weigh this red matter or substance, after mixing in the Marble Mortar, and note the weight: weigh it also after the dissolu­tion in the open Air; to draw off by distillation in B. M. the weight of the moisture it has at­tracted, and to pour upon it as much Spirit of Venus, as that moisture weights: then digest in Bal. V. in a digesting or double Vessel for twenty four hours, af­ter which draw off the Spirit with a Still-head, till the re­mainder is of the consistency of a Syrup, upon which put Tar­tarised S. V. to over-top it four inches; close up the Vessel with a blind Head, digesting three days; after which filtrate the Tincture cold, and then draw off half of the Spirit in B. M. with a slow heat, so have you a no­ble Tincture, as well pleasant in Tast, as excellent in Vir­tue.

§ 4. This excellent Tin­cture of Le Febure's does re­solve all sorts of Tartar in Mans Body, (the cause of all Obstructions) opens Opila­tions of the Liver and Spleen, and may be safely and profi­tably given against all Di­seases proceeding from Stop­pages in any part; but the most wonderful thing of all is, that it bears no weight upon the Stomach, as most Medicines prepared from Mars do; but on the contra­ry, it strengthens the Ventri­cle, purifying it from tarta­rous, coagulated, and clam­my Humors and Viscosities, which are for the most part the cause of the Scurvy, loss of Appetite, Disaffections of the Spleen, Putrefaction of the Blood, Gout, Stone, Jaun­dice, Dropsie, Rheumatism, and many other pernicious Diseases. Dose à gut. vj. ad [Page 209]xxx. in some proper Li­quor.

§ 5. But the Tincture of our Author is exactly taken from Mynsicht's Thesaurus sect. 2. pag. 49. of the Leyden Im­pression; who commends it as a singular Experiment a­gainst all Obstructions, Hy­pochondriack Disaffections, &c. being given in Wine, or some proper Syrup or De­coction, by means of which Vehicle it will the more ea­sily penetrate to the more re­mote parts and corners of the Body: but in the use hereof this is to be observed, that the Body ought often to be pur­ged from the peccant Hu­mors, and a good Diet to be observed.

§ 6. Rolfincius in his Art. Chym. lib. 4. sect. 1. art. 3. cap. 11. has it exactly ac­cording to Mynsicht, and our Author's, but in cap. 13. al­most after Le Febure's Me­thod, thus: ℞ Vitriol of Mars in Pouder, but not calcined, Terrae foliatae Tartari, A. ℥i. mix and place them in a cold and moist Cellar for three days; the colour being changed, and the mixture rendred fluid by the intromission of the Air, let it be strained, and add thereto Spirit of Wine. Dose. gr. xx. ad xxx in Wine, or Broth, against Obstructions of the Viscera, and other the afore­named Diseases.

VI. Tinctura Asae fetida, Tin­cture of stinking Assa.

Bate.] ℞ Asa fetida ℥ij. Alcohol of S. V. lb j. mix, and ex­tract a Tincture. It is Uterine, Traumatick Splenetick. Dose à ʒj. ad ʒij. &c. in any pro­per Liquor.

Salmon.] § 1. It is hot and dry in quality, and therefore of excellent use to dry up the Humidities of the Brain, and is used chiefly in the Suffoca­tion of the Womb, Peripneu­mony, and Wounds, whether inward or outward; as also against the Epilepsie, Verti­go, Apoplexy, and other Di­seases of the Head.

§ 2. It is good against à swoln Spleen, Suffocation of the Womb, Vapors, &c. be­ing bathed upon those parts. Ulcers also being washed with it, it disposes them to a more speedy healing.

§ 3. But for the Epilepsie, and other Diseases of the Head and Womb, it would be better if it be thus prepa­red: ℞ Assa fetida, Wood­soot of a Pitch-like consistency, A. ℥ij. Tartariz'd S. V. lb ij. mix, digest, make a Tincture, filter, then add Vol. Salt of Mans Skull ℥i. and keep it for use.

§ 4. This is much more effectual than that in the Prescript, and upon the oc­casion of an Epilepsie (for which it is a Specifick) may be given from a spoonful to two spoonfuls in a Draught, of any Antepileptick Water. Let it be given in the Morn­ing fasting, and last at Night going to Bed, for four or five days before the Full and Change of the Moon, and as many days after. This Me­dicine alone, has cured seve­ral of that Disease.

VII. * Tinctura Asthmatica, A Tincture against the Asthma.

Bate.] ℞ Roots of Elecam­pane, Florentine Orrice, Seeds of Anise, Caraways, Liquorice, A. ℥ij. Leaves of Carduus Ben. M. ij. Raisons of the Sun sto­ned lb j. Sena cleansed ℥vj. A­niseed-water lb vj. mix, and digest four days: then strain. Dose two spoonfuls at Bed-time, and three or four spoonfuls the Morning fol­lowing.

Salmon.] § 1. In my Opi­nion, it is best in making of Medicines, if bitter, to put bitter things together; but if sweet and pleasant, to put sweet and pleasant things to­gether, and not promiscu­ously to mix sweet and bitter together, especially in such Medicines (as this is) which are to be often a taking.

§ 2. Thô Carduus is really a good thing, yet by reason of its bitterness it spoils this Composition, which would be better made without it; and this ought to be a gene­ral Observation in all Com­positions whatsoever.

§ 3. As to the Proportions, they are not so exactly ad­justed as might be desired; for if composed according to this Recipe, it will be in the general use but a slow wor­ker: you cannot put in less than ℥ix. Ounces of Sena in­to the Composition; and if you add Pouder of Resinous Jallap ℥iss. it will be better by all the cost.

§ 4. If I might advise it, it should be made thus: ℞ Roots of Elecampane, Floren­tine Orrice, Seeds of sweet Fennel, Caraways, Liquorice bruised, A. ℥ij. Pot-ashes, ℥i. Rai­sons stoned lb j. Sena ℥ix. Pou­der of Jallap ℥iss. Aniseed-water lb vj. mix, digest ten or twelve days, shaking the Ves­sel every day, then strain out the Tincture, which let set­tle, and decant the clear for use.

§ 5. This is not only good against the Asthma, and all Diseases of the Brest and Lungs, but also effectually cleanses all the Bowels, car­ [...]ying off all the Crudities, [...]nd Tartarous Matter, with which they abound. It is an excellent thing against the Kings-Evil, the Scurvy, Gout, Stone, Gravel, and all Ob­structions, whether in Reins or Bladder, Rheumatisms, Sciatica, Gripings of the Guts, dry Belly-ache, Drop­ [...]ie, and Yellow Jaundice: and in a word, performs whatever may be expected [...]rom an excellent Purger.

§ 6, It has cured such as have been Bed-rid many Years, and restored to seve­ral the use of their Limbs, taking away, even by the Roots, supposed incurable Diseases, and that after all hope of Recovery has been past; for by reason of the Spirituous Menstruum, with which the Purgatives are mixt, their Virtue is more immediately, and more ef­fectually conveyed into the Blood, intimately mixt with it, and thereby disper­sed into the Habit of the whole Body, by which means those things are done and ef­fected, by such a seeming in­considerable Medicine, which possibly a thousand times more Great, and more Noble, would never per­form.

VIII. * Tinctura Aurea, The Golden Tincture.

Bate.] ℞ Pulp of Colocynthis freed from the Seeds, cut and beaten to a gross Pouder ℥iss. Aniseeds ʒ j. Saffron ʒ ss. Cloves n [...] vj. Spirit of Wine ℥xx. digest a Month, and filter. Dose à ʒij. ad ℥iss.

Salmon.] § 1. There are various Considerations to be taken Notice of in the ma­king this Tincture, according to the Methods of several Men. Maets makes it thus: ℞ Pulp of Colocynthis ℥iss. choice Rhubarb ʒ v. Cinamon ℈iv. Malago Wine ℥xxviij. Spirit of Vinegar ℥xlv. mix and digest together in a warm place for three days, then ex­press strongly out and filter: add Gum Tragacanth, Arabick, Bdellum, A. ʒ iiiss. digest three days more, decant and filter, and keep it for use. Dose à ʒij. ad ʒss. The Gums here are supposed to be put in to correct the Violence of the Colocynth.

§ 2. But as Colocynthis con­tains as well a watry Salt, as a purging Refine, so some Authors make the Extraction or Tincture with differing Menstruums, that they may have a Tincture comprehend­ing the whole Virtue of the mixt, thô 'tis true that Ru­landus, and some others, on­ly drew it with Spirit of Wine.

§ 3. If therefore you would have it to contain a due pro­portion of both substances, you may make it thus: ℞ Pulp of Colocynthis cut small lb j put it into an indifferent large Cucurbit on a Sand heat, on which affuse White-wine lb vj. cover the Cucurbit with its Head, which lute well, with a Recipient to its Beak, and make a very gentle Fire under it, for ten or twelve hours. Then strain out the Liquor by pressing, setting it apart: to the feces, return'd into the Gourd, put good S. V. lb vj. or pints, and all the Wine made use of in the former Tincture, which was distilled in the Re­cipient: cover the Cucurbit with a Vessel of Rencounter, luting it well, and digest in B. M. for twelve hours more, but with a little more heat, afterwards strain forth the Tincture by pressing strongly, which mix with the former Tincture, and filter through brown Paper, so have you the true Tincture of Coloquinti­da.

§ 4. This Tincture you may, if you so please, reduce to a Rob, or more, thin Ex­tract, by putting it again in­to the Cucurbit, and with a gentle Fire in B. M. abstract­ing the S. V. (which will serve for the like use again) you may afterward in an open Vessel evaporate the superfluous humi­dity, till it comes to the consi­stence of a Rob, which you may use as occasion serves, by mixing it with other Extracts or Purging Pills: or you may continue the evaporation till it comes to a sufficient consistency of itself, to form into Pills in like manner.

§ 5. This Extract is excel­lent to cure Dropsies, and expel Serosities from the most remote parts of the Body, in such Patients where no other Medicines will prevail. It is also a most excellent thing in Diseases of the Joynts, and in Rheumatisms; and won­derfully prevails against the Gout, whether taken alone, or mixt with other Purgers, especially with that of Rhu­barb, which qualifies its vio­lence, and strengthens the [Page 213]parts at one and the same [...]ime. It is given alone in Pills à gr. iij. ad x. at most, [...]r proportionably mixt with [...]ther Extracts, as necessity, [...]r the Physitian shall see re­quisite.

§ 6. Le Febure makes this Spiritus Aureus Rulandi, of Troches of Colocynthis, which [...]e forms thus: ℞ Pulp of Colocynthis cut small with Sciz­zars, and made into Pouder by [...]eating, anointing the Mortar [...]ith a little Oyl of Nutmegs, [...]r Oyl of Mastich by distillati­on: this Pouder reduce into Paste, by beating with Spirit of Vinegar, of which Paste make T [...]ches, which dry in the Sha [...]e between Papers: be­ing dry, beat them a second time into Pouder, which with the same Spirit of Vinegar form into Troches as before, and dry them; these are much better than those pre­pared the old way, with Mucilage of Gum Traga­canth.