The weather-cocke of Romes religion: with her seuerall changes. Or: The world turn'd topsie-turuie by papists

The weather-cocke of Romes religion: with her seuerall changes. Or: The world turn'd topsie-turuie by papists

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Title page

THE WORLD TVRN'D TOPSIE TVRVIE BY PAPISTS.

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THE WORLD TVRN'D TOPSIE TVRVIE BY PAPISTS.

IN old World, The Bishops of Rome preached painefully, and ordinarily, as may appeare by the Homilies which are extant vnto this day, vnder the names of Leo the First, and Gregory the First: But à multis seculis vix quisquam (ex Romanis Pont.) reperitur è Cathedra docuisse: It can hardly bee proued, that any one Bishop of Rome, for many of these hundred yeeres last past, were seene in a Pulpit, asDe Rege ex li. 3. cap. 2. p. 225. Ioh. Mariana confesseth.

In old World, The Bishops of Rome were Censu pauperrimi, eruditione diuites▪ Poore in purse, but rich in wisdome and goodnesse: But, nunc aliquoties contingunt Rom. Pont. aerario locupletissimi Apostolicis opibus, hoc est, sacrâ doctrinâ, & pietate nudissimi: In these latter dayes wee haue many Bishops of Rome, rich in purse, but as poore in [Page] learning and piety, as Iob of wealth, in his greatest misery, asScholijs in Ep. Hieron. ad Demet. de virgin. seruand. To. 1. operum Hieron. Erasmus witnesseth, In pontificibus nemo hodiè sanctitatem requirit: No man, in these dayes, lookes for honesty in a Bishop of Rome, asDe verb. Episc. l. 6. in vit. Iuly 3. pag. 401. b. Mussonus confesseth.

In old World, All Bishops, and such Presbyters who were of any speciall note for their honesty and learning were called Popes, asPanopl. lib. 4. cap. 80. fol. 4 [...]2. Lindan, Tract. de vocū obscur. Eccles. Interpret. ad finem Plat. de vit. Pont. Onuphrius, De suc. Eccles. minist. ac benefic. lib. 1. cap. 10. Duaren, andNot. in Martyr. Ro. Ian. 10. c. Baronius confesse. Saint Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage; Saint Austin, Bishop of Hippo: Saint Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, were called Popes. But now the Bishop of Rome claymes it in his sole right to be called Pope.Ad sin. Epist. 55. Greg. 7. apud Binn. To. 3. Conc. part. 2. pa. 1196. Gregory the Seuenth, about the yeere 1073. (a little after the Diuell was let loose) made a Decree to that purpose, prouiding: Vt Papae nomen vnicum esset in vniuerso orbe Christiano, nec liceret alicui seipsum vel alium eo nomine appellare: That there should bee but one man in all Christendome called Pope: and that no man should dare to style himselfe, or any other, with the name of Pope.

In old World, The Bishops of Rome were styled by other Bishops with such Titles as argued good fellowship among them, and no superiority in one ouer another. Ep. 52. Anton. Saint Cyprian tearmed Cornelius Bishop of Rome, frater, Collega, Coepiscopus, Brother, Colleague, and fellow Bishop. TheTheodor. Hist. lib. 2. cap. 8. Bishops assembled in Councell at Sardica, speaking of Julius Bishop of Rome, gaue him no other titles, than that of Brother, & Colleague: which they gaue indifferently to Athanasius, Asclepas, and all other Bishops to whom they writ, and of whom they had occasion to speake. In like manner, theTheodor. Hist. lib. 5. cap. 9. Bishops of Constantinople vsed Damasus Bishop of Rome, Brothering him, and Colleaguing him, as they did others, to whom they writ as well as to him. But now the Bishop of Rome is called,Bell. l. 2. de Ro. Pont. cap. 31. Vniuersalis Episcopus, Mosconius de Maiest. milit. etc. lib. 1. part. 1. c. 1. de Rom. Pont. vniuersalis Pastor, o vniuersalis Iudex, Salm. Commēt. in Matt. 16. Prorex Coelestis, q Ʋice-deus, Ioh. Ang. Panthaeus in arte & Theoriae transmutat. Metall. ad [...]on. 10. impress. Uenet. 1518. Deus mortalis, Staplet. praefat. doctrin. princep. ad Greg. 13. Opt. Mar. Ibid. Supremum in torris numen, u Caput totius Ecclesiae, u Pater Ecclesiae, x Sponsus Ecclesiae, y Mater Ecclesiae, z Rex regum, & Dominus dominantium: The vniuersall Bishop; the vniuersall Pastor; the vniuersall Iudge; the Vice-roy [Page] of heauen; a mortall God; the best, and the greatest; the highest power on earth; the head of the whole Church; the father of the Church; the Churches husband; the King of Kings, and Lord of Lords.

In old World,Cicarell. in vita Sixti 5. ad finem Platinae. The Bishops of Rome stood not vpon superscriptions of Letters, but receiued such as were sent vnto them, how euer they were indorsed: But now they haue made a Decree in consistory: Ne post hac ab vllis Principibus missae recipiantur literae, quae debitis Titulis non sunt inscriptae: That no Letters be receiued from any Prince, vnlesse they giue the Bishop of Rome his due titles.Constantinus Melchiadi. Euseb. Hist. lib. 10. cap. 5.

In old World, When Emperours writ to the Bishops of Rome, they prefixed their owne names before the Bishops:Constantio Liberius apud Baron. Annal. Tom. 3. ad Ann. 354. nu. 2. and when the Bishops writ to the Emperour, they set their names after the Emperours: But hic stylus impraesentiarum in Rom. Curia exoleuit: This manner of writing is out of vse in the Romane Court in our dayes. In literis ad nos missis nomen tuum nostro praeponis, Alcial. in Codic. Iustinian, de sum. Trinit. & fide Cathol. c. inter claras. in quo, insolentiae, non dicam arrogantiae, nomen incurris: In the letters which you sent vnto vs, you set your owne name before ours: whereby you incurre suspition of insolency, I will not say arrogancy, saith Pope Adrian to Fredericke the Emperour.Append. ad Radeuicum quae habetur apud Baron. Annal. Tom. 12. ad An. 1159. nu. 5. And, Falsum-praesumi rescriptum, in quo non legatur summi Pontificis nomen ante caetera: That is supposed to be a false writ, in which the Popes name is not set in the first place, saith a Popish Lawyer.

In old World,Guilielm. in spec. de prased. Re script. teste Alciato loco citato. Apud Baron. Annal. Tom. 12. ad. An. 1159. nu. 4. They who writ vnto the Pope, vsed words of the singular number, thou-ing hint, as they did others. But Pope Adrian tooke that in great snuffe at the hands of Fredericke the Emperour: And since that, no man dares thou the Pope.

In old World,Greg. 8. Epist. lib. 2. Indict. 11. Epist. 61. The Pope of Rome acknowledged the Emperour for his Lord and Master: But in these latter times, the Popes of Rome haue taught the Emperour to acknowledge them for his Lord and Master.

In old World, euen till Gregory the First his time (by Dist. 63. Tibi Domino. Bell. his confession) Imperator dominium temporale in vrbem Rom. Lib. 2. de sum [...] Pont. cap. 28. habebat: The Emperour had the temporall gouernement [Page] of the Citie of Rome: But now the Pope [...] taken it into his owne hands. The Emperour hath not so much as a Goose-gate in the Citie of Rome.

In old World, the Popes were not wont to giue armes, as Princes and Noble-men did: Veteres Pontifices talem, morem non leguntur habuisse: The ancient Popes had no such custome, saithInstitut. Moral. part. 2. cap. 43. Col. 941. Azorius: But, about the yere 1040. this custome was taken vp, and is continued, Vt Ro. Pont. insignibus Gentilitijs vterentur, saith the same Azorius.

In old World, till Siluesters time, Cardinalium nomen non legimus: wee reade not so much as of the name of Cardinall, asInstit. moral. part. 2. lib. 4. ca. 1. 4. quaer. Col. 604. Azorius confesseth; yet now the name is common.

In old World, there were Cardinals in other places, as well as at Rome. Onuph. Tract. de obscur. voc. interpretat. & Moscon. de Maiest Eccl. Milit. lib. 1. part. 1. c. 5. There were Cardinals at Rauenna, at Pisa, at Millan, at Naples in Italy, at Compostella in Spaine, atEpiscopus Eliensis resp. ad Bell. Apolog. cap. 4. pag. 103. Pauls Church in London: But now, as the Bishop of Rome hath robb'd other Bishops of the name Pope: so hath hee robb'd other Cardinals of the name Cardinall. Pius 5. in suo deplomate Anno 1568. penitùs hoc nomen in omnibus alijs Ecclesijs praeterquam in Rom. extinxit: & solummodo Cardinalis nomencompetere voluit Cardinalibus S. R. E. à Papacreatis. Pius the 5. in his Bull, bearing date 1568. hath cryed downe the name Cardinal in all other Churches but in Rome: and he hath decreed, that such onely as are created Cardinalls of the Church of Rome, by the Pope, shall be called Cardinals, as is witnessed byLoco suprà citat. Mosconius, Vicar generall to the Arch-bishop of Bononia.

In old World, the Cardinals of Rome were inferiour to Bishops: in so much, that a Cardinall-ship was but a step to a Bishopricke▪ But now Cardinals are superiours to all Bishops. A Bishopricke is a step to a Cardinal-ship, asLib. 1. de Clericis, cap. 16. Bell. himselfe confesseth.

In old World, it was decreed,Conc. Narbon. sub Necca. Rege, Anno 589. apud Bin. Tom. 2. Conc. p. 722. Vt nullus Clericorum vestimenta purpura induat: That none of the Clergy should weare purple: But now the Pope and his Cardinals are clad in purple: AndTom. 8. Annal. ad Ann. 589. Baronius iustifies them therein.

[Page] In old World, it was decreed,Mater Histor. Ne deinceps Ro. Pont. & Cardinales vterentur Equis & Mulis sed tantum Asinis, Christi, cuius videri vellent vicarij, exemplo: That the Popes of Rome, and their Cardinals, should not ride vpon Horses or Mules, but on Asses, as our Sauiour Christ did, whose Vicars, they say, they are. ButChronolog. lib. 4. ad An. 1294. Genebrard vpon mention of this, cryes out, O legem nunc prodigiosè euersā! O excellent Law, but as now quite out of force!

In old World, it wasGreg. lib. 4. Epis. ep. 55. decreed, That no Arch-bishop should pay any thing for thePlatina in vita Leon 2. Pall which they receyued of the Bishop of Rome: ButSleidan Comment. lib. 13. de Archiep. Mogunt pallio. now it stands some, ere they can get it home, in 30. ferè millibus aureorum, almost 30000. French Crownes.

In old World, it wasAnastas. in vit. Bonifacij 3. & Baron. Annal. Tom. 8. ad An. 606. decreed, vnder pain of the great Curse; That no man should dare so much as to talke of electing a new Pope or Bishop of the City wherein he liued, nisi tertio die depositionis eius, but the third day after his buriall: But since the making of this,Massonus de vib. Ep. in Coelest. 3. Plat. de vit. Pont. in Leo 3. they haue chosen new Popes at Rome, ere the former Popes were buried, yea, ere their bones were throughly cold.

In old World, euen in Chrysostome, Ambrose, Austin, Leo the First, Gregory the First his time, all Bishops, euen the Bishops of Rome, were chosen by the Clergy, and people of their Cities, asLib. 1. de Cl [...] ricis, cap 9. Bell. confesseth: But now the Su. Pol. Virg. de Inuent. rerum, lib. 4. cap. 10. Bishop of Rome is chosen by the Cardinals onely: and all other Bishops are chosen by the Bishop of Rome. A custome so absurd, thatIn summ. verb. Lex. 13. quaer [...]. Siluester Prierias did note it in these words: Hodie, quando ambitio & lasciuia totam Ecclesiam deturpauit, Papa reseruat sibi collationem omnium dignitatum, (.i.) Patriarcharum, Metropolitanorum, Episcoporum, &c.

In old World,In Ioh. cap. 6. Annot. 27. as Cardinall Tolet confesseth, Prohibita fuit sub vna specie communio, & iniunctum Catholicis, vt sub vtraque communicarent: It was forbidden the Laitie to communicate in one kinde, and enioyned them to receiue in both kindes: But nowConc. Irid. sess. 24. Can. 2. the Laity among the Papists, receiue in one kinde onely:Conc. Constant. sess. 13. The Priest who deliuered it to a Lay-man in both kindes, is excommunicate.

[Page] In old World, Eucharistia sub vtraque specie [...] lita: The Communion was reserued in both kindes, [...] Annal. Tom. 5. ad An. 404. nu. 32. Baronius confesseth. ButIbid. now the Popish Church hath taken order it shall be reserued in one kinde onely, to wit, in bread.

In old World, the words of Consecration were vttered openly,Tho. Aq. Sum. Theol. part. 3. q. 78. Art. 1. Hardings Answer to Bishop Iewells challenge, 16. Article. as the Papists generally confesse. ButConc. Trid. sess. 22. Can. 9. now, submissâ voce proferuntur: they are vttered in secret.

In old World,Painel. Annot. in Cyprian. de Lapsis, nu. 82. It was the custome to deliuer the Sacrament of Christs body into the hands of the Receiuer. ButIbid. & Durantus de ritibus Eccl. lib. 1. ca. 16. nu. 12. now (by Papists) the Sacrament is put into the Receiuers mouth, and not giuen into his hand.

In old World,Greg. dial. l. 2. Cap. 23. the Deacon was accustomed to bid then depart, who did not communicate.Chrysost. Hom. 3. in Epist. ad Eph. They were reputed impudent, and wicked wretches, who looked on, & communicated not. But now Papists allow lookers on.

In old World, It was the custome to communicate [...] uery day: Nomo Catholicus inficiari potest fuisse Apostolorum, & S. Rom. Ecclesiae consuetudinem, imo institutum vtque sancitum ab Anacleti temporibus, viz. vt omnes quotidiè cō municarent: No Catholique can deny, but that it was the custome of the Apostles, and of the Church of Rome, euer since Pope Anaclotus dayes: yea, no Catholique can deny, but it was an Ordinance and Decree of the Apostles, and of the Romane Church euer since Anacletus dayes, That men should communicate euery day,De frequenti communione c. 4. saith Madridus the Iesuite. But now, Videtur relictum arbitrio cuiuslibet: it seemes to be left to euery mans choyce, whether he will doe so or no, as theIn cap. peracta de consecrat. d. 2. Glosser notes.

In old World, this Canon stood in force,Conc. Agathense, Can. 18. Seculares qui in Natali Domini, Pascha, Pentecoste, non communicauerint, nec inter Catholicos numerentur: Those Lay-men who doe not communicate at Christ-masse, Easter, and Whitsuntide, shall not be called, nor held for Catholiques. But their Decree consuetudine abrogatus est; is repealed by a contrary custome,Instit. Moral. part. 1. lib. 5. cap. 19. saith Azorius.

In old World, they were wont to breake the Sacramentall bread. And, Ecclesia Graeca, & Ethiopica reti [...][Page]veterem illam consuetudinem: The Greeke and Aethiopian Church retaines that ancient custome still,Comment. in Act. 2. saith Lorinus. But now, Non vsurpatur fractio, sed singuli panes, seu minores hostiae consecrantur ad vitandum periculum decidentiū micaerum; there is no breaking of bread vsed, but little Wafer-Cakes are consecrated, and deliuered whole, for feare, that if they were broken, some crummes should fall to the ground,Ibid. saith the same man.

In old World,Chrysost. Hom. 18. in 2. Cor. the people had as good a share of the Communion bread as the Priest had: But now the Laity and such of the Clergy as consecrate not, are taught, That they must be content with a lesser Host than that which the consecratingIorinus loc. citat. Priest hath.

In old World, the tradition of the Romish Church was such,Innocent. 1. in Epist. ad Decent. cap. 4. That they did not consecrate vpon any Friday or Saturday thorow-out the yeere. But now, the Papists consecrate euery day, saue only on Good-Friday.

In old World, the Papists (on Sheare-Thursday) might haue celebrated the Communion, though they had not bin fasting: for, vt Sacramentum Altaris non nisi à ieiunis hominibus celebretur, excepto vno die anniuersario, quo Coena Domini celebratur, wasCan. 29. decreed by the third Councell at Carthage. But now, hac Decreti posterior pars abrogatur: this latter part of the Decree is repealed,Anton. Aug. de Emendat. Grat. lib. 1. Dial. 16. pag. 138. as Papists confesse.

In old World (as Papists say) it was decreed, That such as receiued the Sacrament, should fast certaine houres after. But this, hodiè non seruatur, sed paulò pòst comedi potest, secundùm Thomam, saithIn Sum. verb. Lex. 13. quaeritur. Siluester. Consuetudo siue praecep [...]um nihil comedendi post susceptionem Eucharistiae, per contrariam consuetudinem abrogatum est: The custome or commandement of not eating after the receiuing of the Sacrament, is abrogated by a contrary custome,Part. 1. quaest. in 4. Sentent. q. de suscip. Euch. difficult. 4. saith Iosephus Angles.

In old World, Omnes simul psallebant in Ecclesia: All Christians sung together in the Church. Yet now, soli Cleri [...]i canunt: the Clerkes onely sing, asLib. 2. de verbo Dei. cap. 16. & lib. 1. de boni [...] [...]peribus in partio. cap. 16. Bell. confesseth. Yea, though the [...] To [...]. Conc. Not. in Conc. Iaodic. Can. 11. p. 293. Papists confesse, that it was giuen in [Page] commandement by Saint Paul, Vt fideles in suis conuentibus Psalmis & Hymnis alternatim corde simul & ore decantatis Deum laudent: That the faithfull in their Assemblies should in their turnes prayse God with heart and voyce, by singing of Psalmes: yetIdem. ibid. they tell vs, that Ecclesiastica instit optimè prouisum est, ne praeter certos ad hoc inscriptes, alij in Ecclesia psallerent: It is excellently well prouided for by the orders of the Church, that none shall sing but a set number appoynted for that purpose, viz. Priests, Clerkes, and Quiristers.

In old World, euen ab initio naescentis Ecclesiae, populus post recitatas preces, respondebat, Amen: from the first birth of the Church, the common people at the end of prayers, said Amen, asDe Rit. Eccl. lib. 2. cap. 17. nu. 2. ser. Baron. Annal. Tom. 1. ad An. 60. nu. 28. Durantus proues. But now with Papists, the Parish-Clerke onely saith Amen.

In old World, the Bible was translated into knowne Languages, asBell. lib. 2. de Verbo Dei, c. 16. Papists confesse. But now, Id ipsum fieri omninò non expedit: It is not meet it should be so,Alfons. de Castro aduers. haer. li. 1. cap. 13. Sixt. Senens. lib. 6. Annal, 152. say they.

In old World, it was ordered, That no bookes should be read in the Church, nisi solos libros noui & vet. Test. but the Bookes of the Old and New Testament. But, hodiè quorumlibet somnia, imò muliercularum deliramenta leguntur inter diuinas Scripturas: At this day euery idle bodies dreames, and old wiues fancies are read with the Canonicall Scriptures,Schol. in Catal. script. Eccl. Hieron. verto Ephraen. saith Erasmus.

In old World, Patres dicebant, ad Hebraicos vel Graecos codices recurrendum esse: The Fathers said, wee ought to haue recourse to the Hebrew or to the Greeke Copies, saithInstit. Moral. part. 1. lib. 8. cap. 3. Azorius. But now, Non est quòd ad Hebraica vel Graeca ex [...]mplaria recurramus: There is no reason why we should doe so, saithIbid. the same man.

In old World, Bishops and Presbyters read all manner of bookes; hereticall as well as orthodoxall: by theVelofillus Aduertat. in 9. tom. Hieron. ad 9. quaesitum p. 171. Papists confession. Yet at this day, they are agreed vpon this poynt, Haereticorum libros non esse legendos hodie, nisi solùm ad illis, quibus ex speciali licentia summi Pontificis id concessum fuerit: Ibid. That no man may reade in these dayes [Page] any hereticall bookes, except they haue a speciall licence from the Pope. Quod partibus antiquissimis licuit, nobis non licet; It is not lawfull for vs to doe that, which it was lawfull for the ancient Fathers to doe,Ibid. say Papists.

In old World, he was thought to wrong a Martyr, who prayed for him: for it ran currant of old, Iniuriam facit Martyri, qui orat pro Martyre. But now, the Papists pray for them whom they account Martyrs, for, pro celeberrimis illis Carthusianis in Anglia Martyribus, totus, ordo Carthusiae per orbem Christianum diffusus, consuetas pro defunctis preces ad Deum fudit; The whole Order of the Carthusian Monkes thorow-out the world, said their ordinary prayers for the dead, for those famous Carthusian Monkes who were martyred in England, saithResp. Quodlibet ad 3. quaest. dict. Louanij 1568. cap. 6. Molanus: concluding, that pro nostri temporis Martyribns absque iniuria oratur: Men may pray for the Martyrs of these dayes without wronging them: giuing this pretty reason hereof, BecauseIbid. plerunque sunt imperfecti Martyres: The most of the Martyrs in our time are poore Martyrs, such are all your Tyburne Martyrs.

In old World, Leo the First said,Epist. 63. tom. 1. Conc. apud Binnium, pag. 970. Non permittendum est vt quisquam extra Sacerdotalem ordinem constitutus, gradum sibi praedicatoris assumat: It is not to be suffered that any who is not Priested should preach. But now the Popes of Rome dispence with Iesuites, Lay-Iesuites, who are not Priested, to preach, asDe Ritibus Eccl. Cathol. lib. 2. cap. 25. num. 7. Durantus witnesseth.

In old World, Imperator congregabat Concilia: The Emperour called Councells, saith aFranc. Zabarel. de schismat. P [...]nt. Cardinall of France Tempore magni Constantini & aliorum Augustorum ad congreganda Concilia non quaesitus est magnoperè Roman assensus Papae: In the time of Constantine the Great, and other Emperours, the Bishop of Rome his assent was not greatly required to the calling of a Councell, saithDe gest. Conc. Basil. lib. 1. p [...]. 20. Aeneas Siluius. But now it isBell. lib. 1. de Conc. cap. 12. ouer-ruled, That calling of Councels belongs to the Pope, and not to the Emperour.

In old World, A tempore Apostolorum per multos annos, etiam per aliquot secula, Presbyteri et Diocam omnes ad Concilia vocabantur: From the Apostles times, for many yeres, [Page] yea for many ages, all Elders (Priests if you will) & Deacons were called vnto Councels, asLib. 1. de Cleicis, cap. 16. Bellarm▪ confesseth. But now, eyther few or none are called. Now Bishops onely are the Domini facientes totum.

In old World, Reges ac Imperatores non adfuisse tantùm Synodo, sed praefuisse legimus: Wee reade that Kings and Emperours were not onely present at Councels, but as Presidents of them,De suc. Eccl. Minist. li. 1. c. 20. saith Duaren. And so much may be gathered out of Marcianus the Emperours words, which are to be found ind. 96. Nos ad fidem. Gratian. ButBell. lib. 1. de Conc. cap. 19. now, the Pope must needes be President, eyther in his owne person, or by his Deputy.

In old World, primis sexcentis veloctingentis annis, summi Pontifices cogebant Concilia Nationalia Episcoporum Italiae: for the space of sixe hundred or eight hundred yeeres after Christ, the Bishops of Rome, for the weightier matters of the Church, called Nationall Councels of the Bishops of Italy, asLib. 1. de Clericis, cap. 16. Bell. confesseth. But now they haue left that. Now the Pope and his Cardinals dispatch all, as Ibid. Bell. tells vs.

In old World, before Gregory the First his dayes, Lent alwaies began on that day which we call the First-Sunday in Lent, asInstit. moral. part. 1. lib. 7. c. 12. 2. quaeritur. AZorius proues well. But now, all men know, theirs begins on Ash-Wednesday.

In old World, Lent was thought to end vpon Palme-Sunday: for Quadragesima impletur ad Festum Palmarū, saithQuaest. in script. q. 77. Col. 98. Tom. 1. Bibl. vet. pat. edit. 3. Anastasius Nicaenus. But now, theirs is thought to end vpon Easter-euen.

In old World, it was decreed,Gratian. d. 4. Statuimus. That the Clergy should haue one weeke more in their Lent than the Laity. But now this Decree is out of force, saithInstit. moral. part. 1. lib. 5. cap. 19. pag. 399. Azorius: Clerici hodie non seruant, sed initium faciunt i [...]iuniorum vt Laies: The Clergy keepe not this Decree, but begin Lent when the Laity begin it, saithDe emendat. Grat. lib. 1. dial. 16. pag. 134. Antonius Augustinus.

In old World, Wednesday was commanded to be a Fasting-day, asLib. 2. de bonis operibus in partie. cap. 17. Bell. andInstit. moral. part. 1. lib. 7. cap. 15. 3. quae [...]itur. Azorius proue fully. But now, a man may eate flesh vpon Wednesday, by both their confessions.

[Page] In old World,Ser. Bell. de bonis operibus in partic. lib. 2. cap. 20. they fasted at Rome in the time of Aduent. But now they vse not to fast then.

In old World, they might drinke no wine on Fasting-dayes; for veteres Canones vinum interdixêre diebus ieiuniorum; The old Canons forbade wine on Fasting-dayes, saithDe Abstinant▪ doctrin. Cathol. cap. 4. Alfonsus Pisanus. ButAzorius instit. moral. part. 1. lib. 7. cap. 10. 7. quaeritur. now Papists drinke, and may drinke wine, hold belly, hold.

In old World,Pisanus loco citato. veteres Canones interdixêre siceram, & omne quod inebriare potest, & mulsam, & cerui [...]iam: It was not lawfull to drinke any liquor which might intoxicate a mans braines. ButAzor. loco citato. now no liquor is exempted on fasting-dayes.

In old World, veteres Canones interdixêre Pisces: the ancient Canons forbade fish on fasting-dayes, saithIbid. Pisanus. But now, Piscibus vti licet: a man of their Church, may lawfully eat fish, saith the sameIbid. Pisanus.

In old World, they who fasted, ate but one meale on a day: for, Ʋnicam in ieiunio refectionem esse debere, exempla Scripturarum, testimonia Patrum, & perpetua consuetudo fidelium probant: The examples in Scriptures, the testimonies of the Fathers, and the continual practice of the faithfull, proue they should haue no more, saithLib. 2. de bonis operibus in pertit. cap. 2. Bellarmine. ButAzor. instit. moral. part. 1. lib. 7. cap. 8. 4. & 7. quaeritur. now, ouer and besides a dinner, men may haue at night refectiunculam, or collationem, as some of them call it: indeed, a banquet (for it consists of fruits, & sweet-meats) vpon a fasting-day. Yea, they may haue this, though refectiunculae nocturnae veteribus prorsus ignotae: Such night-banquets were altogether vnknowne to antiquity, saith Loco suprà citato. Pisanus.

In old World, they vsed not on fasting-dayes to take their meale before night, or toward night; Apud veteres inauditum est prorsus vt ante horam 9. quae est tertia post merid. ieinnium quodcunque soluatur: It was neuer heard of among the Ancients, that any Fast ended before three of the clocke in the after-noone, saithLoco suprà citato. Bell. But now, Jeiunium in vesperam vsque prorogari solitum, in meridiem transtulit Ecclesia: The Popish Church allowes men on fasting-dayes to take their meale at noone, which was wont to be▪ [Page] taken at night, asIn Epist. de delectu ciborum ad Episc. Basil. cap. 11. loco suprà citato. Erasmus notes. Suppers are changed into dinners, saith Bellarmine.

In old World, Ʋt constat ex Patribus, praesertim Ambrosio, Augustino, Leone, ieiunia cum Eleemosynis, precibus & vigilijs de more coniung ebantur: Fasting was accompanied with Almes, with prayer, with watching, as the Fathers testifie, especially Ambrose, Austin, and Leo, saith Instit. moral. part. 1. lib. 7. cap. 20. 9. quaeritur. A Zorius. But now, Vsu & more vigiliae sunt sublatae, & consuetudine factum est, vt ieiunia nostra careant illis comitibus quos extra solebat habere, nimirum precibus, & ele [...]mosynis: Watching is out of vse, and so is prayer, and almes: fasting walkes by it selfe: it hath lost his old companions, as the sameIbid. Azorius confesseth.

In old World, Formula ieiunij prisci verè Christiana: The manner of fasting was truely Christian. But, Ieiunia Catholicorum passim Epicurea: the manner of fasting obserued by Papists at this day, is Epicurean-like, asPanopl. lib. 3. cap. 11. Bishop Lindan confesseth.

In old World,d. 93. à Subdiacono. Abbots were inferiour to the meanest of the Clergy, euen to dog-keepers, or doore-keepers, as they call them. But now, Abbots are next to Bishops: and some of them are Bishops fellowes,Cassan [...]eus Catal. gloria mundi, part. 4. consid. 31. intituled not as the ordinary sort, Reuerend [...] Patres, Reuerend Fathers: but Reuerendi Patres in Christo; Reuerend Fathers in Christ.

In old World,d. 93. à Subdiacono. Monkes were vnderlings to Abbots: euen then when Abbots were vnderlings to doore-keepers. But now Monkes haue gotten the precedency of most of the Clergy, asInstitut. moral. part. 1. lib. 12. cap. 19. 11. quaeritur. AZorius confesseth.

In old World, Monkes liued in Wildernesses, remote from all presse of people, as out of the world: which the Du [...]ren. de sac. Eccl. Minist. ac benesic. lib. 1. cap. 20. Polyd. Virgil. de inuent. rerum lib. 7. cap. 1. Papists themselues are driuen to confesse, as sufficiently proued by Saint Hierom: for,Epist. ad Paulin. de institut. Monachi. Si cupis esse quod diceris, Monachus. 1. solus: quid facis in vrbibus, quae vbique non sunt solorum habitacula, sed multorum: If thou desire to be that indeed which thou art called, a Monke, that is, a solitary person: what dost thou meane to liue in a City, which is not a place for solitary persons, but for such as loue good-fellowship, saith Saint Hierome? Vpon which a Popish [Page] In cap. 16. q. 1. Si cupis. glozer [...], Quòd Monasteria non sunt constrai [...] in vrbibus: There should be no Monasteries in Cities. But now there are Monasteries in Cities: and as much good fellowship among Monkes, as among good-fellowes of the Towne. The case is now altered. A Monke is a merry fellow.

In old World,Socrates hist. 4. cap. 1 [...]. Duaren. lib. & cap. sup. citat. Monkes liued by the labour of their hands. The Monke that laboured not with his hands for his liuing, was reputed a Theefe. But now Monkes liue eyther altogether idly, or after another manner than in old time. They cannot away to worke.

In old World, Monkes were in no degree of Church-Ministery. Monachos vsque ad tempus Eusebij, SoZimi, & Siricij, Monachos simpliciter & non Clericos fuisse, Ecclesiastica testatur Historia: The Ecclesiasticall Histories witnesse, that til about. EuZebius, Sozimus, and Siricius dayes, Monkes were Monkes onely, and not of the Clergy, saith Cap. 16. q. 1. post. cap. 39. Hinc est. Gratian: Primùm Monachi omnes, etiam Abbates Laici erant: At the first all Monkes, yea and Abbots, were Lay persons, saithInstit. moral. part. 1. lib. 12. cap. 19. 11. quaeritur. Azoriu [...], Loco suprà citato. Duaren, and others. But now, Azorius loco citato. Vsus obtinuit vt Monachi, ijsdem atque Clerici muneribus & Officijs in Ecclesia fungerentur; The Monkes are turned Clerkes, and doe all the offices belonging vnto the Clergy.

In old World, Monkes were of sparing dyet: for, Conuiuia fugias, sit vilis & vespertinu [...] cibus, &c. Take heed of feasting, and let thy meat be of the worst, and eat it towards euening, &c. saithEpist. ad Paulin. de instit. Monachi. Saint Hierome: giuing his opinion how Monkes should be dieted. But now Monkes haue so pleasant and large fare, and so many meales, that their fatnesse and great bellies are growne into a prouerbe.

In old World, Monkes were not notorious by singular weed, but euery [...] ware such apparrell as hee thought good, so it were decent. They were not tyed to this or that, which made them markeable in the streets as they went: for, in veste nulla discretia, nulla admiratio: vtcunque placuerit incedere, nec detractionis est, nec laudis, saith Epistol. ad Marcellum, vt cōmigret▪ Bethle [...]m. Saint Hierome, speaking of a Monke. But now, as there [Page] [...]

In old World▪ August. de [...] res. ad Quodvul [...] Deum, h [...]r. 40. Monkes might marry, and injoy [...] posses [...] Monke marry, its tho [...] deserues hanging. [...] hee may haue no propri [...] goods.

In old World, [...] in spec▪ [...] &c. cap. 3 [...]. [...], Monkes [...] not vrged to vow. They might goe or stay at their pl [...] sure. And if they reported them of what they had do [...] they might returne to their former trade of life asDe In [...]t [...]t. i [...] rum, lib. 7. cap. 1. [...] dor Ʋirgil andScholijs in Epist. Hier [...]. [...]d Rusticum Monachum. Erasmus witnesse▪ But now they [...] bound by-Vowes, &c.

FINIS.

[Page]

§

§

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[Page]

THE WEATHER-COCKE OF ROMES RELIGION: WITH HER SEVERALL CHANGES.

OR: THE WORLD TVRND TOPSIE-TVRVIE BY PAPISTS.

[printer's or publisher's device]

LONDON: Printed by George Purstowe for Iohn Marriot, and are to be sold at his Shop in Saint Dunstanes Churchyard in Fleet-streete. 1625.

Information about this book

Title statement

The weather-cocke of Romes religion: with her seuerall changes. Or: The world turn'd topsie-turuie by papists

Cooke, Alexander, 1564-1632.

Edition statement

1625

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Text Creation Partnership,

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Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :

Date

2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).

ID [DLPS]

A19246

ID [STC]

STC 5661

ID [STC]

ESTC S108625

ID [EEBO-CITATION]

99844282

ID [PROQUEST]

99844282

ID [VID]

9079

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(EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A19246)

Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 9079)

Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 879:16)

Source

— The weather-cocke of Romes religion: with her seuerall changes. Or: The world turn'd topsie-turuie by papists, Cooke, Alexander, 1564-1632..

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[2], 6, 9-16 p.

Printed by George Purslow for Iohn Marriot, and are to be sold at his shop in Saint Dunstanes Churchyard in Fleet-streete,. London :: 1625.. (By Alexander Cooke.) (Running title reads: The Roman weather-cocke.) (Reproduction of the original in the British Library.)

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