The art of memory so far forth as it dependeth vpon places and idea's[sic] Written first in Latine, by Iohn Willis Bachelour in Diuinitie: and now published in English by the said author, with such alternations thereof as seemed needful.

THE ART OF MEMORIE.

CHAP. I. Of the Repoſitorie.

THe Art of Memorie, ſo farre foorth as it dependeth vpon Places & Idea's, conſiſteth of two parts: Repoſition, and Depoſition. Repoſition is that part, whereby things to be remembred, are layd vp in minde by their Idea's, beſtowed in the places of Repoſitories. But before I come to the maner of beſtowing or laying vp Idea's in the places of Repoſitories, neceſſary it is that I ſhould ſeuerally intreate, firſt concerning Repoſitories; ſecondly the places therein determined; and thirdly touching Idea's in thoſe places beſtowed.

A Repoſitorie is an imaginary houſe or building, the forme and faſhion whereof is as followeth: Let there be ſuppoſed a building of the beſt Cane ſtone to ſtand before vs, the inſide whereof is in length twelue yards, in bredth ſixe yards, & in height ſeuen yards, and the roofe thereof flat, leaded aboue, and pargetted vnderneath, hauing no wall at all vpon the hither ſide which is towards vs, but the whole houſe lying wide open to our view. Let there be alſo ſuppoſed within the ſayd building, a marble ſtage ſmoothe and euen, one yard high aboue the leuell of the ground, whereon we ſtand; extending it ſelfe the full length and bredth of the ſaid building. And that all the three walls of the houſe (that is to ſay, the oppoſite wall, and the two ſide walls) are wholy lined on the inſide with choice cypreſſe boords, plaine and ſmoothe, and ſo cloſe ioyned, that it beareth no mention thereof to be ſeene, vnto a man ſtanding vpon this ſide of the ſtage. Furthermore, let there be imagined a grooue or gutter to be cut in the iuſt middle of the marble ſtage, three inches deepe, and three inches broade, drawne from the oppoſite wall to the hither ſide of the ſtage, whereby it is exactly diuided into two equall parts: And that vpon the further end of the ſaid gutter, there is erected a Corinthian or round pillar, one foote and an halfe thicke, ariſing vp to the roofe of the building, which almoſt toucheth the oppoſite wall, and deuideth it exactly into two equall parts; as the grooue diuideth the ſtage. So that by the grooue & the pillar the whole Repoſitorie is parted in twaine, and conſiſteth of two roomes ſiding each other, and being each of them ſix yards long, and ſix yards broad, and ſix yards high. But that you may the better perceiue this deſcription, behold here the type and faſhion of the Repoſitorie, limited by the letters contained therein; whoſe ſignification followeth after the Figure.

plan of a repository

a b ſheweth the length of 〈◊〉 Repoſitorie.

a c and b d the height there ••

a e and b f the height of the • ge.

e g h f the length & bredth 〈◊〉 the ſtage.

c l m d the length & bredth 〈◊〉 the roofe.

g i k h the length & height 〈◊〉 the oppoſite wall.

e c i g the ſide wall vpon • r l • ft hand.

h k d f the ſide wall vpon • ur right hand.

g i n o the wall belonging to •• e firſt roome.

c g o p the ſtage of the firſt •• ome.

r q k h the wall of the ſecond •• ome.

s r h f the ſtage of the ſecond roome.

n o the pillar diuiding t •• oppoſite wall.

o p the grooue wrought in the ſtage.

And ſuch a faſhioned Rep • ſitorie are we to prefixe befo •• the eyes of our mind, as oft •• as we intend to commit thin • to memory, ſuppoſing o • ſelues to be right againſt t •• midſt thereof, and in the d • ſtance of two yards ther • from.

Now although euery Rep • ſitorie which we feigne to b • before vs, muſt be of the ſam • faſhion and building; yet a • they to be diſtinguiſhed on • from another, by the ſeueral • colours of their pillars. Fo • there are eighteene Repoſitori • in all, which are thus diſti • guiſhed: The pillar of the firſt 〈◊〉 of gold; the pillar of the ſe • ond of ſiluer: both of them • ery bright and poliſhed. The pillars of the next ſeuen, muſt be ſuppoſed to be euery of • hem of one entire ſtone ſmooth and ſhining, and thus d • ff • renced one from another. The colour of the pillar in the third Repoſitorie muſt be black; in the fourth Repoſitorie, blue; in the fift, red; in the ſixt, yellow; in the ſeuenth, greene; in in the eighth, purple; in the ninth, white: ſo that theſe firſt nine Repoſitories haue but one pillar apiece in them; the other nine are ſuppoſed to haue two, ſtanding together, in the middle of the Repoſitorie, cloſe to the oppoſite wall; the one vpon the one ſide of the grooue, and the other vpon the other ſide thereof, touching each other, and the oppoſite wall with their baſes, diuerſified one from another, by a repetition of the nine former colours in the ſame order. For both the pillars in the tenth houſe or Repoſitorie, muſt be imagined to be of gold: both pillars in the eleuenth houſe, of ſiluer; in the twelfth houſe of two entire blacke ſtones ſmooth and ſhining; in the thirteenth of two entire blue ſtones: and ſo likewiſe in the reſt. And thus much concerning the Repoſitories or imaginary houſes, and how they are diſtinguiſhed.

CHAP. II. Of Places.

A Place (as it is conſidered in this Art) is a roome • etermined in the Repoſitorie, 〈◊〉 for receiuing the Idea's or • ormes of things thereinto. In • uery Repoſitorie are two places • r rooms, and no more: which reſeuered each from other, by • he grooue and pillar, accor • ing to the manner preſcribed 〈◊〉 the former Chapter. For • l that ſpace, which occupieth • he whole halfe part of the Re • oſitorie vpon the left hand, is • ounted the firſt place thereof: • nd all that ſpace of the other • alfe part of the Repoſitorie vp • n the right hand, is counted the ſecond place. And ſo muc • concerning the places.

CHAP. III. Of Idea's in generall.

AN Idea is a viſible repreſentation of ought to b • remembred, beſtowed by th • Imagination in one of th • places of a Repoſitarie, by th • remembrance whereof we ca • to mind that which was there by ſignified.

Euery Idea is to be accompanied with its proper circumſtances, as the nature thereo • doth require. For as any writing, the fairer it is written the better it is read: ſo by ho • much the more liuely the Idea' • are ſet foorth, according 〈◊〉〈◊〉 exigence of their nature, much the ſooner are they • ed to mind, and by them, 〈◊〉 things alſo committed to • mory. Therefore to the I • 's of things moouing, the • e ſame motion is to be a • bed; and to the Idea's of • ngs giuing a ſound, that ſelf • e ſound is to be attributed. • amples of Idea's whereun • motion is aſcribed, are, an • ificer at worke in his ſhop, • n and women dancing, wa • running from a ſpout, and • ch like. Examples of Idea's • hereunto ſound is giuen, are • ion roaring, a Faulkner lu • g, a bell ringing, a Quiriſter • ging, a noice of Muſicians, • d the like. Finally, euery I • a ought to haue ſuch ſetting • t, as ſeemeth in ſpeciall maner appropriated thereun • that it may be the better 〈◊〉 prehended by the memory.

In euery Idea we haue fo • things to be conſidered. Qu • titie, Poſition, Colour, 〈◊〉 Kinde. Of which foure I 〈◊〉 intreate in their order.

CHAP. IIII. Concerning the Quantitie of Idea's.

AN Idea, in reſpect of 〈◊〉 Quantitie, is either Equ • Augmented, or Contracted.

An Equall Idea is ſuch, 〈◊〉 whereby the thing to be 〈◊〉 membred, being neither 〈◊〉 great, but that it may be co • tained in one of the places; 〈◊〉 ſo ſmall, but being there • • owed, it may eaſily be ſeene 〈◊〉 one that ſtandeth two yards 〈◊〉 this ſide the ſtage; is there • re placed in its equall and • e quantitie. Of which ſort • e a chaire, a table, a bedſteed • rniſhed, a heape of graine, a • acke of wood, a duell fought • etweene two combatants, • nd the like.

An Idea augmented, is ſuch, 〈◊〉 whereby the thing to be re • embred being ſo ſmall, as • eing it ſ • lfe alone beſtowed 〈◊〉 one of the places of the Re • ſitorie, cannot be ſeen of him 〈◊〉 at ſtandeth two yards in this • de the ſtage, muſt therefore • e augmented by the increaſe • f the number, of that which is 〈◊〉 be placed. vt Quae non pro • nt ſingula multa invent. As • r example: if the Idea to be beſtowed, be a pearle, a peni •• a graine of muſtard ſeed, o •• ſpider: theſe things are 〈◊〉 themſelues ſo ſmall, as bei • diſpoſed in one of the plac • of the Repoſitorie, they cann • be ſeene in the foremention • diſtance. Therefore for o • pearle I ſuppoſe a buſhell 〈◊〉 pearles to be heaped in t • middle of one of the places; 〈◊〉 one pennie an heape of pen • new coyned; for one grai • of muſtard-ſeed, a coome 〈◊〉 muſtard-ſeed in like mann • heaped together: for one ſp • der, I ſuppoſe a multitude 〈◊〉 ſpiders creeping cloſe togeth • in the midſt of the oppoſ • wall.

An Idea Contracted is ſuc • as whereby the thing to be r • membred being ſo great, th • • ānot be contained in ſo nar •• w limits, as the place of a • poſitorie is; is therefore ſup • ſed to be painted in liuely • lours, vpon that halfe of the • poſite wall which belongeth 〈◊〉 the place wherein this Idea 〈◊〉 to be beſtowed. For all vi • le things in the world, • ough neuer ſo great, and ne • r ſo farre diſterminate, may • ry eaſily be repreſented by a • cture drawne vpon the wall 〈◊〉 this contracted forme. As if • e thing to be remembred be 〈◊〉 Church, a Citie, a mountaine, 〈◊〉 comet, or other prodigious •• gne in the heauen, a field •• ught, a fight at ſea, a trium • ant paſſage in pomp & ſtate, 〈◊〉 hunting or hawking through •• e ſpacious forreſts, or any •• her the like, whoſe Idea in the full bigneſſe, cannot 〈◊〉 contained in a place of the R • poſitorie; All theſe are to be 〈◊〉 foorth in a picture, occupyi • the one halfe of the oppoſ • wall, that in this attenuat • form it maybe fully expreſſe • within the bounds and limi • of its proper place. And 〈◊〉 much concerning the Qua • titie of Idea's: come we ne • to their Poſition.

CHAP. V. Of the Poſition of Idea's.

LEt the poſition or ſitu • tion of euery Idea be ſu • as is moſt agreeable to t • thing ſignified thereby. F • thoſe things which we co • monly hang vpon a wall, 〈◊〉 • ten thereunto, are here alſo 〈◊〉 like maner to be vſed. As if • e Idea be ſome picture of a • an; becauſe it is the vſe of a • cture to be hung vpon a wal, • e muſt therefore ſuppoſe it 〈◊〉 hang vpon the oppoſite 〈◊〉 all: if it be a Proclamation 〈◊〉 Title page of a booke, that 〈◊〉 is paſted vnto the wall; if it • e a new Pamphlet, that it is • ſtned to the wall with nailes; 〈◊〉 it be a Tombe, we muſt fan • e it to be ſet vp cloſe to the 〈◊〉 all, and the ſtreamers and • endants to be faſtened aloft • nto the oppoſite and ſide wall • f the ſame roome, wherein • is Idea is to be placed. So the • hings which are wont to be • laced vpon a court-cupboord • r ſhelfe, are to haue like place • ere: as a garniſh of plate, or veſſels of glaſſe vpon a court c • boord; bookes or merce • wares beſtowed vpon ſhelue • Thoſe things which be acc • ſtomed to be vpon tables, 〈◊〉 imagined here alſo to ha • place vpon a table: of whi • ſort are a banquet, moneys to out into ſeuerall heapes, pla • ing tables, &c. Things plac • vpon the ground, are here lik • wiſe ſuppoſed to haue pla • vpon the marble ſtage, as a t • ble, cheſt, cradle, or any liuin • creature ſtanding, ſitting, g • ing or lying along, &c. Thin • which are commonly and vſ • ally vnder ground, are here ſu • poſed to be vnder the ſtag • For although they cannot b • ſeene of him that ſtandeth o • this ſide the ſtage with his b • dily eyes, yet they are no • • dden from the eyes of his • ind, which onely are exerci • d in this Art. Examples of • is kind are a graue, a well, a • ine ſeller, a myne of gold, ſil • er, lead, &c. Finally, the ſelfe • me order is to be obſerued 〈◊〉 the ſite and poſition of all • ther Idea's.

CHAP. VI. Of the Colours of Idea's.

COme we now to the third thing belonging to Idea's, which is Colour. Euery Idea • n what Repoſitorie ſoeuer it ſtandeth, muſt haue the colour of the ſame Repoſitory in whole • or in part attributed vnto it. As if a blacke bull be to haue the place of an Idea in any of the two roomes of the firſt Repoſitorie, the hornes thereof mu •• be ſuppoſed to be gilded; if i • any place of the ſecond Repoſitorie, the hornes muſt be ſuppoſed to be tipt with ſiluer: i • it be placed in the third Repoſitorie, the proper colour there •• being blacke already, is ſufficient of it ſelfe whereby to remember the houſe wherein it ſtandeth. If he be beſt • wed in the fourth Repoſitorie, then le • him haue a garland of blue flowers about his necke; if in the fift Repoſitorie, a garland of Damask roſes: if in the ſixt, of Marygolds: if in the ſeuenth, a w • eath of Bayes; if in the eight, of Cloue Iuly-flowers; if in the ninth, of Lillies.

Furthermore, in attributing the colour of any Repoſitorie 〈◊〉 an Idea therein placed, not • articipating it of it ſelfe, we • uſt haue a care that it be ap • lied as neare as we can to that • art which is moſt ſpectable • nd conſpicuous. As if the hi •• ry of Ionas the Prophet be • ainted vpon any halfe part of • he oppoſite wall in the firſt • epoſitorie, although therein • e to be painted heauen, earth, • a, land, a whale, a ſhip with • ariners in it; yet becauſe Io • as being the ſubiect of the hi •• ory, is the moſt ſpectable part • f the picture, we may imagine • he hems of his vpper garment • o be of gold: as we ſee it vſed • rdinarily in pictures printed, wrought in diſtemper, and var • iſhed. So if the picture of Io • as be an Idea in the ſecond Repoſitorie, the hems of his veſture may be ſiluered: if in the third Repoſitorie, we may imagine his vpper garment to b • of the colour of blacke; if i • the fourth, of blue; if in th • fift, of red, &c. And thus much concerning the attribution o • the colour of the Repoſitories to the Idea's therein contained▪ come we now to the ſeueral kindes of Idea's.

CHAP. VII. Of Direct Idea's.

AN Idea is ſimple or compound. A ſimple Idea i • vniforme; and is either Direc • or Oblique.

A Direct Idea is ſuch, a • whereby a thing truly viſible, or conceiued vnder a viſible forme, is layd vp in the ſame forme vnder which it is conceiued. So a goate is the direct Idea of a goate, a peacocke of a peacocke, a doue of a doue, a Church of a Church, a booke of a booke, &c. So the Idea of any friend or acquaintance, is his true proper ſhape. So good and euil Angels, although they be ſpirits incorporeall and inviſible, yet ſince they are commonly conceiued vnder viſible formes, they are ſo to be expreſſed. Finally, of all things viſible, or conceiued vnder a viſible forme the mind it ſelfe doth preſently offer direct or right Idea's, that we ſhall not need to inuent any other, but to vſe them which are offered vnto vs. For if any ſhall make a narration vnto vs of a skirmiſh at ſea, do we not preſently ſuppoſe our ſelues to ſee before the eyes of our mind, the ſea ſhips, ſmoke of the gunnes diſcharged, & ſuch like things as belong to a fight at ſea? If any ſpeake of muſtering and training men, do we not faſhion to our minds a certaine forme of a field, wherein ſouldiers march after their colours in a military order? Neither • s there ought elſe h • re preſcribed, then that which nature it ſelfe hath taught vs, ſauing that for our better taking hold vpon theſe naturall Ideas, we obſerue an artificiall order and manner in laying them vp in minde, that we may the ſooner find them. And ſo much for a Direct Idea.

CHAP. VIII. Of Relatiue Idea's.

AN oblique Idea is ſuch, as whereby the thing to be remembred, is obliquely or indirectly ſignified. An oblique Idea is threefold: Relatiue, Subdit •• a l. or Scriptile.

A Relatiue is a ſimple Idea, whereby the thing to be remembred, is expreſſed by his his Correlatiue; as, firſt, when the cauſe is ſignified by the effect: As when Melancholy is ſignified by a man very ſad, who hauing his armes wreathed vp, and his hatt pull • d downe in his eyes, goeth vp and downe in a diſcontented manner. The Spring time, by the greene fields, and the trees putting forth their leaues. Winter, by the nakednes of trees, and the lakes and riuers frozen vp.

Secondly, when the effect is ſignified by the cauſe. As if I ſhould ſignifie Oppreſſion of the poore, by a couetous miſer, who is euery where ill ſpoken of for his violence and extortion: or Blaſphemy, by a prodigious blaſphemous wretch well knowne vnto vs, all whoſe ſpeech is ſtuffed with dreadfull oathes and blaſphemies.

Thirdly, when the Subiect is noted by the Adiunct: As when the Imperiall dignitie is ſignified by a Crowne and Scepter. A wine Tauerne by an ivy buſh and red lattice, &c.

Fourthly, when the Adiunct • s noted by the Subiect: As when Cold is ſignified by ice; Heate by fire; Light by a can • le; Affection by the heart, which is the ſeate of affections; Pride, by a Peacock; Gluttony • y an Eſtrich; Drunkenneſſe • y a drunken man; Impudence • y an harlot; Couetouſnes, by 〈◊〉 rich man with his bags about him, and ſuch like.

Fiftly, when the like is put for the like: As Parallel circles (that is, circles equally diſtant, including one another) for the world, becauſe the world conſiſteth of ſpheres, including one another, as parallell circles do. A woman holding a broken pillar, for Fortitude. A virgin hauing her eyes couered with a vaile, holding a ſword in one hand, and a paire of ballance in the other, for Iuſtice. An old man winged, hauing long haire in the forepart of his head, and being bald behind, for Time. And the like.

Si • 〈◊〉 • en a ſentence is expreſſed 〈◊〉 a familiar example, whereby the truth of that ſentence is manifeſted: as, if this ſentence [Venter mero aeſtuans deſpumat in libidinem: that is, The belly ouer-heated with wine, doth froath forth into luſt,] ſhould be expreſſed by the example of Lot, ſporting with his daughters; in whoſe fa • l, this example was plainly verified.

Finally, when any thing may fitly be reſembled by its correlatiue, it muſt be ſo reſembled. And ſo much for Relatiue Idea's.

CHAP. IX. Of Subdititiall Idea's.

A Subdititiall Idea is, whereby a proper name is com • itted to memory, by ſome •• ing placed in ſtead there of, wherewith it is ſuppoſed to 〈◊〉 haue ſome agreement. This 〈◊〉 done two wayes.

Firſt, when a mans name • gnifieth ſomething viſible, it • ay be layd vp in memory by • hat viſible thing it ſignifieth: As if a mans name be Smith, his name may be remēbred by • hinking vpon a Smith at work • n one of the roomes of the Repoſitorie, hauing forge and • nvile in it, as if it were a Smiths ſhop: if his name be Carpenter, by a Carpenter 〈◊〉 worke: if Turner, by a Turne • if his name be Stone, by 〈◊〉 ſtone: if Lu • onne, by a Lute an • a Tunne.

Secondly, a mans name m • be remembred by the lik • name giuen to another ma • As if a mans name be Pete • we may remember it by another man called Peter, or b • the picture of Saint Peter hun • vpon the oppoſite wall: if h • name be Iohnſonne, by anothe • man of the ſame name: if a w • mans name be Lucreſe, it ma • be kept in mind by the pictur • of Lucreſe: if Katharine, by th • picture of Saint Katharine. An • this may ſuffice for Subditia • Idea's.

CHAP. X. Of Scriptile Idea's.

A Scriptile Idea is, whereby the thing to be remem • red, is ſuppoſed to be written • n a plaine white table hanged • p in the midſt of the oppoſite wall belonging to the roome wherein it is placed, the frame • r border whereof is of oake, very broad and chamfered. In euery Scriptile Idea, 3 things are generally required.

Firſt, that the Table be not much bigger then will containe that which ſhall be written in it.

Secondly, that the frame or border of the Table, be of the colour of the Repoſitory, wherin it ſtandeth. As if it ſtand in the firſt Repoſitorie, that it be of the colour o • gold; if in the ſecond Repoſitorie, that it be of the colour of ſiluer; if in the third, that it be black; if in the fourth, blue, &c.

Thirdly, that the letters contained in the Scriptile Idea, be all of ſuch bigneſſ • , as that they may plainly be read by him that ſtandeth on this ſide of the Repoſitorie; like vnto the writings which we ſee in Churches. And thus much fo • that which is generally required in all Scriptile Idea's. Let vs now ſee, what is further to be required in the ſeuerall kinds of them.

There are foure kindes of Scriptile Idea's: A ſingle word, a Quotation, a Phraſe, and 〈◊〉 Sentence.

A ſingle word and quota • ion, muſt be written in a ta • let one foote and an halfe • road, and a foote high; and • heir firſt letter muſt be a great Romane capitall letter of ex • raordinary bigneſſe aboue the • eſt, and the tranſcendencies of • he ſmall letters alſo, if there be any muſt be drawne much • igher or lower then is vſuall • n common writing. For by • his meanes they are the more eaſily attracted by the viſuall facultie, and transferred to the memory. By the tranſcendencies of the ſmal letters, I meane the vpper and lower parts of thoſe letters, which exceed the parallell lines betweene which we write. For whenſoeuer we write, we write, as it were, between two lines vnderſtood, though not expreſſed. And of the ſmall letters, ſome are written wholy between the lines, as theſe, a c e m n o r s u v w, which for diſtinction ſake may be called Interlineals, becauſe they are written between the lines. All other ſmall letters are extended further then the lines, whereof they are called Tranſcendents. And of theſe, ſome are extended aboue the vpper line, as theſe, b d h i k l t: ſome beneath the lower line, as theſe, g p q x y z. Some both aboue the vpper line and beneath the neather line, as theſe, f j ſ. As to giue examples in ſingle words: the word Canaan hath no tranſcendents in it; Naboth hath three, which extend aboue the vpper line, b t and h. Spagyrus three, which are • rawne beneath the neather • ne, p g and y. Ioſaphat hath • hree tranſcendēces aboue the • pper line, in the letters ſ h and 〈◊〉 and two beneath the lower • ne, in the letters ſ and p.

When therefore we haue • ancied a ſingle word to be • ritten in a tablet hanging • pon the oppoſite wall, we muſt apply our mind thereun • o impenſiuely to conſider it, • nd eſpecially the length of it, • he firſt letter, and the tranſcen • encies of the ſmall letters if • here be any, till by theſe con • ideratiōs the word make ſome • mpreſſion of it ſelfe in our • inds. That, whereas a word • arely written, is but feeble of 〈◊〉 ſelfe to ſtir vp memory, yet • y theſe conſiderations and ſtay made in beſtowing it, 〈◊〉 may worke ſome deeper impreſſion in our memories.

A Quotation muſt be written after the common maner thus, 2. Chron. 9.6. Math. 5.8. And beſides the conſideratio • of the firſt letter, and the tra • ſcendences of the ſmall letters if there be any in it, we muſ • obſerue alſo the numbers o • the Chapter and verſe, but ſpecially of the Chapter; whic • will be very eaſie to commi • to mind, in regard of thei • quantitie. For things of quantity, next things viſible, are be • remembred.

A phraſe and a ſhort ſentence of one line in length muſt be ſuppoſed to be written in a table three foot broa • and one foote high, and th • • hiefe word therein, which is 〈◊〉 be accounted, that which • oſt expreſſeth the ſubiect • ereof, (whether it ſtand in •• e beginning, middle or end) 〈◊〉 to be written after the man • er of words written alone; • hat is, the firſt letter to be a •• eat Romane capitall letter, • nd the tranſcendencies of the •• all letters therein very large.) • nd when we haue once fan • ed a phraſe or ſhort ſentence 〈◊〉 be written in the table, we • uſt apply our ſelues to con • der the length of this whole • criptile Idea, ſpecially the • hiefe word therein, and what • ace it hath in the writing, 〈◊〉 whether in the beginning, • iddle or end:) for by theſe • onſiderations vſed in the Re • oſition of Scriptile Idea's, they are the better remembred.

If a Scriptile Idea be a lon • ſentence, which cannot be co • tained in a line, then let th • table be imagined to be bro • der or deeper, as the length 〈◊〉 the Idea doth require. An • let the forme of writing, whic • euery long Idea hath, be ſuc • as may moſt plainly ſet foot • what kind of ſentence it do • expreſſe. Therefore Diſtrib • tions muſt be expreſſed by th • parts drawne to their whol • with braces in this manner. The feaſts of the Iewes beſides the Sabbaths, were either More ſolemne: to wit, The Paſſeouer. Pentecoſt. The feaſt of Tabernacles. Leſſe ſolemne: to wit, The feaſts of their new Moons. The feaſt of blowing Trū pets. The feaſt of Expiation.

So Syllogiſmes are to be diſtinguiſhed into their Propoſition, Aſſumption and Concluſion, as: If the firſt matter of all corporeall creatures be capable of any forme; then though the bodies of all men were, diſſolued into their firſt matter, they may be reſtored to their proper forme againe. But the firſt matter of all corporeall creatures is capable of any forme: according to that Philoſophicall Axiome, Materia prima eſt omnium formarum ſuſceptibilis. Therefore though the bodies of all men were diſſolued into their first matter, they may be reſtored to their proper forme againe.

So Obiections with their Anſwers, are to be diſtinguiſhed in this maner.

Obiection.

Whatſouer euery man muſt beleeue, is true. (For nothing falſe muſt be beleeued.)

But euery wicked man muſt beleeue that he ſhall be ſaued by Chriſt. (For not to beleeue this is infidelitie, and therefore ſinne.)

Therefore euery wicked man muſt beleeue that he ſhall be ſaued.

Anſwer.

Euery wicked man muſt beleeue that he ſhall be ſaued; yet not abſolutely, but vpon condition that he repent, and beleeue in Chriſt.

Similitudes and all other compariſons both whoſe parts are explicated, are to haue thoſe parts ſiding one another in this ſort: As there is great difference between the facultie of light and the act of ſeeing: (for the facultie is alwayes preſent with him that hath his ſight; but the act is often intermitted.) So there is a great difference between the facultie of faith and the act of beleeuing: (for the facultie of faith is alwayes in the Regenerate after their conuerſion; but the act of beleeuing is ſometimes interrupted.)

So verſes are to be diſtinguiſhed by their ſeuerall lines: and generally all other kindes of ſentences which haue or may haue a peculiar kind of writing by it ſelfe, ought here in that maner to be written.

Furthermore, it is requiſite, that ouer a long Scriptile Idea, one or two of the chiefeſt words be written in ſome little • iſtance therefrom, as if it were the title of it, their firſt • etter being a great Romane • apitall, and the tranſcenden • ies of the ſmall letters produ • ed in length, after the maner of words written alone. As to giue inſtance in the former ex • mples: ouer the firſt Scrip • ile Idea, (which is a diſtribu • ion) theſe words muſt be written, Iewiſh Feaſts. Ouer • he ſecond, (which is a Syllogiſme) theſe, Firſt Matter. O • er the third (which is an Ob • ection with the ſolution thereof) theſe, Beleeue ſaluation. Ouer the fourth, (which is a ſimilitude) theſe, Sight and Faith. And hauing in our conceits written any long Idea after this maner, we muſt apply our ſelues intenſiuely t • conſider the length of the ſe • tence, the maner of writing i • and the title thereof ouer i • together with the firſt letter • and tranſcendences of the title, letting our mind to wor • vpon theſe conſiderations fo • a while, till the Idea be ſomewhat ſetled therein.

CHAP. XI. Of compound Idea's.

HAuing now gone thorough with all the ſimple Idea's, I come to Idea' • that are compounded. A compound Idea, is compounde • of two ſimple Idea's; whereof the one is alwayes a Scriptil • Idea, and the other is either 〈◊〉 Direct Idea, or a Relatiue. A compound Idea therefore is of two ſorts.

The firſt kind of compound • dea's, is of them which conſiſt partly of a Direct Idea, • artly of a Scriptile. Of this • ort are, an hiſtory painted in 〈◊〉 faire table, with verſes vnder •• ath explaining it; a libell or Epigramme, made vpon ſome • hing done, ſuppoſed to be written in a paper, and paſted vpon the oppoſite wall, and • he thing done expreſſed in ac • ion vpon the ſtage; An armed Knight bearing his Scutcheon • nd impreſe written therein; and the like.

The ſecond kind of com • ound Idea's, is of them which conſiſt partly of a Relatiue Idea, and partly of a Scriptile. Of this ſort are innumerable examples in Emblemes, written by Beza, Alciat, Peacham, and others. For in all Emblemes, the picture occupying the vpper part of the table, is 〈◊〉 Relatiue Idea; and that which is written vnderneath, a Scriptile. And thus much for compound Ideas, and ſo concerning all the ſeuerall kinde • of Idea's.

CHAP. XII. Of the chooſing Idea's.

IT is meet in the next place, to giue ſuch rules, whereby we may know at the firſt, with what Idea euery thing that is to be remembred, muſt be expreſſed. Touching which, theſe ſix Rules following giue infal • ible and certaine direction.

Rule 1. All hiſtories, things done, fables, common buſineſſes, finally whatſoeuer is viſible or conceiued vnder a viſible forme, and nor illuſtrated by ought written, ought to be • ayd vp in memory, by a Di • ect Idea in equall quantitie, greater or leſſe, as the nature of the Idea requireth.

Rule 2. All hiſtories, things done, fables, morals, and the •• ke, explaned by verſes or other writing: as alſo all Epigrams, Epitaphs, Anagrams, • mpreſes, and libels, are to be expreſſed by an Idea compounded of a Direct Idea and a Scriptile.

Rule 3. All Emblemes and ſentences exemplified by ſome notable inſtance, are to be expreſſed by a compound Idea, conſiſting of a Relatiue and Scriptile Idea.

Rule 4. All Charact • rs, ſolitary letters, bare numbers, and quotations, are to be layd vp by a Scriptile Idea.

Rule 5. All ſingle words and proper names, expreſſible by a Subditiall Idea, ought ſo to be expreſſed.

Rule 6. All ſentences, phraſes, words or names which can not preſently be expreſſed by a Direct, a Relatiue, a Subdititiall, or a compound Idea, ought to be expreſſed by a Scriptile Idea. And this for the choice of Idea's ſhall ſuffice.

CHAP. XIII. Of the maner of beſtowing Idea's in their places.

HItherunto I haue intreated concerning Repoſitories, Places and Idea's ſeuerally. Now I come to the maner of beſtowing Ideas in the places of Repoſitories. Wherein theſe rules following are to be obſerued.

Rule 1. Euery Idea is to be placed in order: that is to ſay, that which commeth firſt to mind, in the firſt place of the firſt Repoſitorie: That which commeth next to mind, in the ſecond place of the firſt Repoſitorie; The third Idea in the firſt place of the ſecond Repoſitorie. The fourth, in the ſecond place thereof. The fift, in the firſt place of the third Repoſitorie. The ſixt, in the ſecond. And ſo forth in the reſt of the Repoſitories, how many ſoeuer they be: alwayes prouided, there be but one Idea aſſigned to one place.

Rule 2. Let due quantitie, poſition, and the colour of the Repoſitorie be rightly attributed to euery Idea, and throughly obſerued and marked, as belonging thereunto. For it can not well be told, how much help and furtherance theſe 3 attributions, ſpecially the aſſigning of the colour of the Repoſitorie to euery Idea, do bring to a deep imprinting in the memory, as well as the Idea's thē ſelues, as alſo the order wherein they ſtand. For by this meanes the mind, when it cometh to repeate ouer the Idea's, hath one thing certainly knowne to belong to euery Idea to worke vpon: that is to ſay, the colour of the Repoſitorie, which in one reſpect or other he knoweth to be in the Idea.

Rule 3. After the ſecond Idea of any Repoſitorie is beſtowed in its proper place, let it be conſidered, whether by ſome proper fiction it may haue ſome fit connexion with the former Idea, ſtanding in the ſame Repoſitorie, in reſpect of the action thereof, in ſome kind of maner affecting the former. As for example: imagine that the Idea placed in the firſt room of the Repoſitorie, be an old man ſleeping in a chair • by the fire ſide; and that the Idea in the ſecond roome o • the ſame Repoſitorie, be a black S • ith or Farriar giuing an • horſe a drench: I fayn therfore, that the horſe ſtruggling and bounding vp with his fore feete, doth awake the old man ſitting by the fire in the former roome. And this relation is, as it were, a knitting or chaining of this Idea with the former: ſo that if we remember one of them, we cannot lightly be forgetfull of the other. If a fit relatiō be not preſently found, by transferring the action of the latter vnto the former; then let there be fought ſome other agreement, which the latter hath with the former: either in reſpect they do both concerne • he ſame ſubiect, (as when the • ubiect of them both is concerning warre, peace, iuſtice, ••• ne, patience &c.) or ſecond • y, in reſpect they are both Idea's of the ſame kind, (as when • oth of them are direct Idea's, • oth Relatiues, both Subditi • iall, both Scriptiles, or both compound Idea's.) And if they agree neither in the ſubiect, nor in the kind of Idea, then we are to faſten vpon that relation, which they may haue in reſpect of their ſituation or poſition, by conſidering their poſition to be like, if it be like; (as when both Idea's are placed vpon the ſtage, both vpon a table, both vpon the oppoſite wall, &c.) or different if they be of a different ſituation, (as when one hath place vpon the ſtage, and the other vpon the wall:) for euen by this conſideration, both Idea's are the better remembred.

Rule 4. When the latter Idea of any Repoſitorie is beſtowed, we muſt repeate in our mind (if time will giue vs leaue) all the former Idea's of the other houſes. For as a ſcholler by often reading ouer his leſſon, getteth it without booke: ſo by often repeating theſe Idea's in our mind, we ſhall the better retaine them.

Rule 5. We muſt take hee • that we ouercharge not our memory with a multitude of Idea's: for as it is hurtfull to loade the ſtomack with more meat then it can digeſt at once; ſo is it alſo vnprofitable to oppreſſe the memory with too • eat a multitude of Ideas. Let • ch obſeruations therefore • ſſe as are common and triall, and let vs commit ſuch • ly to memory, as are indeed • emorable. The number of • ings that may be committed 〈◊〉 once vnto a mans memory 〈◊〉 this Art, are ſix and thirty, • hich are abundantly ſuffici • t for the memory to be char • ed withall at once, and more • y many peraduenture then • e ſhall haue occaſion at any • me to vſe. And ſo much con • erning the choice of Ideas, • nd beſtowing them in their • laces.

CHAP. XIIII. Concerning the practiſe of th • Art of Memorie.

IT remaineth that now at 〈◊〉 I ſhould illuſtrate all the f • mer precepts of this Art by 〈◊〉 examples, that the vſe by t • practiſe thereof may be t • better ſeene. I will therefo • ſhew the vſe thereof: firſt 〈◊〉 remembring buſineſſes; • condly in remembring obſe • uations.

Firſt therefore concernin • buſineſſes. Suppoſe that a ma • riding alone towards a Fay • kept in ſome market Town for ſome eſpeciall buſineſſ • and that as he is vpon his iou • ney, diuers other buſineſſe come into his mind there to 〈◊〉 done; he muſt then beſtow • m, and lay them vp in order 〈◊〉 their places by their Idea's, • hey come to mind. As for • mple.

The firſt buſineſſe he thinks • on, is to enquire the price • ſeed wheat in the market. 〈◊〉 him therefore ſuppoſe in 〈◊〉 firſt place or roome of the 〈◊〉 Repoſitorie, that he ſeeth • ers men ſtanding together • h ſacks of corne, that it may • y ſome face of a corne mar • ; and that on the nearer ſide the ſtage, he ſeeth a country • n clad in ruſſet, with a paire 〈◊〉 high ſhooes on, powring • eate out of a ſacke into a 〈◊〉 ſhell, the eares or handles • ereof are of pure gold; that 〈◊〉 this ſuppoſition the Idea may haue the colour of the • poſitorie which is gold, attrib • ted vnto it; according to t • rule of the ſixt Chapter.

The ſecond buſineſſe is 〈◊〉 procure mowers to cut do • medow graſſe. Let theref •• be ſuppoſed in the ſeco • place of the firſt Repoſitorie, or foure husbandly men to 〈◊〉 whetting their ſithes, the bla • whereof are of gold, agreeab • to the colour of the Repoſ •• rie; and that the ſound alſo whetting their ſithes is perfe • ly heard. The relation wh • this Idea hath vnto the form • is in reſpect of ſituation: •• cauſe both Idea's are pla • vpon the ſtage of the firſt •• poſitorie.

The third buſineſſe is, to • quire out one whoſe name 〈◊〉 Fletcher, dwelling in that owne, and vnknowne vnto • im. Let him therefore fancy • hat the firſt part of the ſecond Repoſitorie is turned, as it were, • nto a Fletchers ſhop, wherein • he Fletcher ſtandeth cloſe to • is ſtall, hauing a great box of ſiluer arrow heads by him, and • hat he is buſied in heading of • rrowes. The fiction of the ar • ow heads to be of ſiluer, ſer • eth to attribute the colour of the Repoſitorie to the Idea.

The fourth buſineſſe is to • uy pepper. For the remem • rance of this, the ſecond place of the ſecond Repoſitorie, muſt be ſuppoſed to be changed into the form of a Grocers ſhop. And that the oppoſite wall is ſet forth with a neſt of boxes, whereupon the names of ſpices are written, according to the common cuſtome of Grocers ſhops, and the ſide wal • alſo furniſhed with Grocery ware: and that two foote o • this ſide the oppoſite wall • there is a Counter or a ſhew-boord and the Grocer ſtanding vpon the further ſide of it, hauing a blue apron before him, is weighing of pepper in a pair • of ballance, the ſcales whereo • are ſiluer, (as is the pillar o • this Repoſitorie.) The relation of this Idea to the former, conſiſteth in this, that both are ſhops: The firſt containing things ſaleable, that are prepared for mens deſtruction; and this, ſuch things as whoſe vſe ſerueth for mens preſeruation.

The fift buſineſſe is to ſpeak with a Councellor. Let that Councellor then be imagined to ſit in a blacke gowne lined with veluet, in a chaire in the middeſt of the firſt place of • he third Repoſitorie, and to • e turning ouer a booke of ſome mans caſe, which he hath • n his hand. Here needeth no • ttribution of colour, ſince the Councellors gowne is blacke of it ſelfe, which is the proper colour of this Repoſitory, whoſe pillar is of ieat.

The ſixt buſineſſe is to buy 〈◊〉 yard of black veluet. Wherefore the ſecond roome of the • hird Repoſitorie muſt be tranſ • ormed, as it were, into a Mer • ers ſhop, and vpon the ſhew-boord there muſt be ſuppoſed • o lie a piece of blacke veluet open, the Mercer being on the other ſide thereof praiſing an • commending it. This Idea hath alſo of it ſelfe the colour of the Repoſitorie, as the former had▪ and may be referred vnto it by this imagination, that veluet (which is the ſubiect o • this Idea) is alſo the facing o • the Lawyers gowne, which ſitteth in the former roome.

But I ſhall not need to proceed any further in giuing examples for remembrance o • buſineſſes, ſince their Idea' • for the moſt part are D • rect and ſuch as nature it ſelf • offers to our mind: I wil therefore now proceed to giue examples of Obſeruations to b • remembred, and ſhew how their Idea's are to be beſtowe • in the Repoſitories following.

The firſt Obſeruation.

Diogenes the Cynicke, when entred into Plato's hall, and 〈◊〉 the table therein couered • th a faire carpet, and the cup ••• rd to be furniſhed with plate, • d the reſt of his houſhold ſtuffe ••• ptuous and rich: He pluckt 〈◊〉 the carpet in a kind of indig • ion, and trampled vpon it •• th his feete, ſaying; I ſpurne Plato's pride. Yea but (an ••• red Plato) with a greater ••• de.

The Repoſition thereof.

The Idea of this Apoph • gme is direct, and not ſo • at, but that it may be con • ned in one of the memoriall • ces, nor ſo ſmall, but being • rein placed, it may be dil • ned by one which ſtandeth this ſide of the ſtage: therefore I ſuppoſe the Idea to 〈◊〉 there layd vp in equall qua • titie, according to the ru • Chap. 4. by imagining the fi • place of the fourth Repoſito •• (whoſe colour is blue) to ha • both the oppoſite and ſide w • hung with tapiſtry, and t •• cloſe vnto the oppoſite w •• there ſtandeth a cupboord plate; and in the middle of 〈◊〉 roome a faire table, couer with a carpet of blue ſilke; a • an old man with a long wh •• beard, ſitting in a chaire by 〈◊〉 ſide wall, as maiſter of 〈◊〉 houſe, apparelled in an A • demicall habite, to repreſ • Plato the father of the Aca • micks. And further, that th • comes to the table ano •• man in a patcht gowne, a • beggerly apparell, which p • • h off the carpet, and tread •• it vnder his feete. Which • ato beholding, riſeth out of 〈◊〉 chaire, takes vp the carpet, • d taxeth his rudeneſſe. The • lour of the carpet is agree • le to the colour of the Repo • orie.

The ſecond Obſeruation.

• aeterea, ſi nulla fuit generalis origo • rrarum, & Coeli, ſempérque aeterna fuêre, • r ſupra bellum Thebanum, & funera Troja, • on alias alij quoque res cecinêre Poetae. Lucretius. In Engliſh thus: • oreouer, if there neuer was of yore, • eginning of the world; but that it was Alwayes eternall: wherefore th •• before The warres of Thebes and Tr •• did come to paſſe, Did there no Poet write of oth •• things?

The Repoſition thereof.

This is to be expreſſed by compound Idea, in this ma • ner. Imagine a faire large tab • about fiue or ſix foote ſquar • to hang vpon the oppoſite w • of the ſecond roome in t • fourth Repoſitory; whoſe c • lour being blue, cauſeth th • frame of the table to be ſo to In the vpper part of the tab • I ſuppoſe to be painted in ſ • uerall ſquares, diuided ea • from the other by a down right blue line 3 inches broa • the deſtruction of Thebes, a •• the deſtruction of Troy, whic • is a night piece: and that in the lower part of the table, thoſe foure verſes before mentioned of the Poet Lucretias, are fairly written. In this Idea the blue line of the partition is to be wel marked, becauſe it ſheweth the picture to conſiſt of ſeuerall hiſtories. The relation which this Idea hath to the former, is taken from difference of poſition, that whereas the former Idea of this Repoſitory hath place vpon the ſtage, this is placed vpon the oppoſite wall.

The third Obſeruation.

Euery thing which is iuſt, is not agreeable to equitie. For Manlius Torquatus did iuſtice, but not equitie, when he cauſed his valiant ſonne to be bebeaded; for that he, contrary to his commandement, being mightily prouoked by the inſolence of the enemie, had fought with them in his abſence, although he returned with victorie.

The Repoſition.

This is to be expreſſed by a direct Idea ſtanding in the firſt place of the fift Repoſitory, the colour of whoſe pillar is red. I fancie therefore to ſtand therein a big man in complete armour, his beauer vp, of a dreadful and aſtounding countenance, hauing a plume of red feathers vpon his creſt, with a great chaine of gold about his necke, (bearing the ſignification of his name Torquatus) and reſting his right hand vpon a red truncheon applied to his ſide; he ſeemeth earneſtly to commaund ſome of the ſouldiers in red coates by him, to haſten a yong man pinioned to execution.

The fourth Obſeruation.

A man in ſome caſe may do dammage vnto his neighbour, though he know it, yet without iniurie. For if there be two victualling houſes together in a towne, the keeper of the one doth dammage to the other, in as much as he ſeeketh to draw the gueſts to his houſe: yet is this dammage without iniurie, and therefore not puniſhable by any law of the land.

The Repoſition.

The Idea of this is alſo direct in equall quantitie. For it is to be ſuppoſed, that in the oppoſite wall of the ſecond place of the fifth Repoſitorie, there is a doore opening into a victualling houſe, adioyning vnto the Repoſitorie, on the back ſide, hauing a red lattice window, and railes before it: and that in the ſide wall vpon the right hand, there is a doore open, leading into another victualling houſe, adioyning to the end of the Repoſitorie, hauing a red lattice alſo before the window. Further, let there be imagined ſome common drunkard to ſit vpon a bench on this ſide the further Alehouſe, with a kan of ale in his hand; who looking into the former roome, and ſeeing Manlius his ſonne ready to be caried away to execution, pointeth to his kan, and ſeemeth to vtter theſe words to Manlius his ſonne, as he ſeeth him to paſſe along by him: Oh this were good for thee now, if thou mighteſt ſit by it. For ſuch like idle conceits as this, will make a matter the better to ſticke in mind.

The fift Obſeruation.

There is no excellent wit, without ſome madneſſe.

The Repoſition.

The Idea hereof is Relatiue, committed to memory, by ſuppoſing well knowne, to be in the firſt place of the ſixt Repoſitorie, who through too much intenſion of mind vpon his ſtudies, is fallen into a deepe phrenſie; and that he hauing a great yellow feather in his hat, rideth vp and downe the ſtage vpon an hobby-horſe.

The ſixt Obſeruation.

Ilia, called alſo Rhea, being great with child by Mars, had at a birth two children, Romus and Remus; whom ſhe deliuered to a notable harlot, called Lupa, to be by her nurced and brought vp: of whom all brothel-houſes were after called in Latine, Lupanaria: (as the Engliſh word Harlot, was firſt deriued from Arletta, concubine of Robert Duke of Normandie, father of William the Conqueror.) Hence grew that fable, that theſe twinne-borne brethren weee nurced by a ſhe wolfe, becauſe Lupa in Latine ſignifieth a ſhe wolfe. Romus after being King, gaue name to Rome: but was called by the people, in a kind of flatterie, by the diminutiue of his name, Romulus.

The Repoſition.

This is to be layd vp by a Direct Idea, ſuppoſing that in the ſecond place of the ſixt Repoſitorie, there lyeth vpon a pad of ſtraw a ſhe wolfe, hauing about her necke a yellow collar, with two infants ſucking of her. And that the wolfe ſetting out her throate, howleth ſo deernly, that the franticke man in the former roome ſtops his dauncing to looke at her.

The ſeuenth Obſeruation.

Milo of Croton, a famous wreſtler, who was the firſt crowned at Olympia, when being old be trauelled along through the woodland countries of Italie, eſpied an oake neere the way ſide, rifted in the midſt. Then intending (as I thinke) to trie, whether as yet there remained any ſtrength in his armes, thruſting his hands into the rift of the tree, he rent it downe a little way: but the oake being thus bowed, and drawne into two parts, cloſed againe vpon his hands, as he was ſtill tugging thereat, and held him there faſt, to become a prey to the wilde beaſts.

Aul. Gellius Attic. Noct. 15. 16.

The Repoſition.

The Idea of this obſeruation is a Direct Idea, and muſt be placed in the firſt roome of the ſeuenth Repoſitorie, the colour whereof is greene. I ſuppoſe therefore a young oake with greene leaues: and acornes vpon it, to grow vp out of the middle of the ſtage, being rifted in the midſt: and that a big man, broade ſhouldered, and apparelled like a Champion, after the ancient guize, with a garland of greene law • ell vpon his head, hath both his hands in ſuch manner incloſed in the oake, who caſting backe his head and body, crieth aloud for help; ſo that me thinks, I ſee not onely the bowing backe of his body, and his ſtriuing to get looſe, but euen to heare with mine eares the outcrie which he maketh.

The eight obſeruation.

To driue forward the night with old wiues fables.

The Repoſition.

This Phraſe may be committed to mind by a Direct Idea, in this manner. Let there be ſuppoſed in the oppoſit • wall a chimney, with a goo • fire in it, about which ſom • halfe a dozen women ſit: among the reſt, one being 〈◊〉 very old woman, and yet cla • in greene (the colour of th • houſe) (like an ape in purple • telleth a tale to the reſt, liftin • vp her hands as ſhe ſpeaket • with ſuch ridiculous and anticke geſture and action, as be ſitteth a beldame goſſip: wher • upon the whole quire of th • goſſips burſt out into low • laughing, and holding thei • hips, with laughter and coughing, make ſuch a confuſe • noiſe, that the crie of Milo i • the former roome cannot b • heard. And hence is deriued th • relation which this Idea hath vnto the former, becauſe they • re both of them lowd ſoun • ing Idea's: though the firſt •• und be a lamentable outcry; • nd the latter, a ſound of mirth • nd ioy.

The ninth Obſeruation.

Men are certainly more anci •• t then the gods of the heathen: • ecauſe men were the makers of • hem.

The Repoſition.

This is expreſſible by a Di • ect Idea; by fancying a ſtatua • ie in a purple waſtcoate, to be • n the firſt place of the eight Repoſitorie (whoſe colour is • urple) faſhioning a marble • mage.

The tenth Obſeruation.

The ſnow falling whole, and not melting as it falleth, is alwayes of a ſix-angled figure; ſetting forth vnto vs the wondrous worl • of the Creator.

The Repoſition.

The Idea of this obſeruatio • is direct, but in an augmente • quantitie. For ſince one flak • of ſnow is ſo ſmall, that bein • beſtowed in a memoriall plac • it cannot be ſeene of him tha • ſtandeth on this ſide the Repoſitorie: therefore a great heap • of ſnow is to be placed in th • midſt of the ſtage of the ſecon • roome of the eight Repoſitorie whoſe colour being purple, admoniſheth that ſome part o • the Idea muſt be purple: an • therefore I ſuppoſe a purpl • pendant to be ſtucke in th • heape of ſnow. The relatio • of this Idea to the former, i • in reſpect of the ſubiect. For each of them hath great ſhew of Art, though this being the worke of God, be ten thouſand times more admirable then the other, which is but the worke of mans hands.

The eleuenth Obſeruation.

There are three moſt beautifull mothers of three moſt deformed daughters: Familiaritie, which bringeth forth Contempt; Truth which bringeth foorth Hatred; and Peace, which bringeth forth Sloth.

The Repoſition.

I lay it vp by a direct or right Idea in the firſt place of the ninth Repoſitory, (whoſe colour is white) after this manner. I ſuppoſe three moſt beautifull women, • lad in white ſattin, with chapplets of white Roſes vpon their heads, ſitting vpon three low ſtooles, and giuing ſuck to their three daughters, which to looke vpon, are moſt foule and hard fauoured.

The twelfth Obſeruation.

Aſtrologia Iudiciaria eſt negotiociſſima vanitas.

Baſil. that is, Iudiciall Aſtrologie is a moſt buſy vanitie.

The Repoſition.

The Idea hereof is Relatiue. For it is exemplified by the hiſtory of Thales the Philoſopher; who taking the altitude of a ſtarre with his Quadrant in the night ſeaſon, taking litle heed vnto his footing, fell in • o a ditch; and was well laught at by a woman then ſeeing him; and obiecting vnto him his folly, that was ſo curious in looking after things aboue, that he minded not the ditch before him. This is to be expreſt in an action vpon the ſecond part of the ſtage belonging to the ninth Repoſitory; whoſe colour being white, I ſuppoſe his Quadrant to be couered with white paper paſted vpon it. Alſo, that there may be a connexion of this Idea with the former, I conceit it, that the woman runneth to the other three women in the former roome, to ſhew them of Thales his fall.

The thirteenth Obſeruation.

Whoſoeuer deuoureth that which is conſecrate to the worſhip of God, bringeth deſtruction to his owne family.

Prou. 20.25.

But whoſoeuer that ſeizeth into his hands any part of the glebe belonging to the Miniſter, and leaueth it to his poſteritie, he deuoureth that which is conſecrated vnto God.

Ezech. 45.4.

Therefore whoſoeuer ſeizeth any part of the glebe belonging to the Miniſter, and leaueth it to his poſteritie, he bringeth deſtruction to his owne family.

The Repoſition.

This Syllogiſme is to be beſtowed by a compound Idea in the firſt place of the tenth Repoſitorie, (both the pillars whereof are ſuppoſed to be of gold, according to the laſt rule • f the firſt Chapter.) Firſt ther • ore I ſuppoſe this Syllogiſme • o be fairely written in a white • able, foure foot ſquare, whoſe • order is gilded, and diſtin • uiſhed into the ſeuerall parts • hereof by ſeuerall ſections, • hat is to ſay, into the Propo •• tion, Aſſumption and Con • luſion; and that the table is • ung vp, vpon the oppoſite 〈◊〉 all in the firſt roome. I ſup • oſe further, that vnderneath his table, cloſe to the oppoſite 〈◊〉 all, there ſitteth in a chaire of • old, ſome ſacrilegious and • orrupt patron, faſt aſleepe; • hom death comming vnto, • auing a crowne of gold vpon • is head, to ſignifie his mo • archie, ſtriketh with his dart, •• d awakeneth him, ſhewing him the writing ouer his hea • that he may conſider it and r • pent, and make a timely reſt • tution vnto the Church, le • he damne his owne ſoule, an • bring deſtruction vpon his family.

The fourteenth Obſeruation.

Anger is a ſhort madneſſe.

The Repoſition.

The Idea of this ſentence 〈◊〉 Relatine. For it may fitly 〈◊〉 expreſſed by the hiſtory 〈◊〉 Saul, 1 Sam. 20.33. who bein • inraged with anger, threw 〈◊〉 iauelin at his ſonne and hei • Ionathan to kill him. Therfo • I ſuppoſe a man of extraord • nary height, apparelled with 〈◊〉 royall robe of ſtate, hauin • 〈◊〉 crowne of pure gold vpon his head, and holding a Iauelin • n his hand, to • it vpon a princely throne; and that he • epreſenting Saul, vpon the • udden ſtarteth vp, & caſteth it • t a yong man, ſtanding before • im in the ſame roome, appa • elled as befitteth a Prince. • here needeth no attribution • f the colour of the Repoſitorie 〈◊〉 this Idea, becauſe Sauls • owne being of gold, is agreeble to the proper colour of the • nth Repoſi-torie. Alſo death 〈◊〉 the former place hath a 〈◊〉 owne of gold, as Saul alſo • th in this, and thereby both • ea • s are conioyned.

The fifteenth Obſeruation.

Magnus Ariſtoteles, trutinando cacumina rerum, In duo diuiſit, quicquid in • rb • fuit. In Engliſh thus: Great Ariſtotle weighing well in mind, The eſſence of this vniuerſe; did find, That two things onely were in i • combin'd. that is, Subſtances and Accidents.

The Repoſition.

This is to be expreſſed by 〈◊〉 compound Idea, faining a tab •• to hang vpon the oppoſite wa • foure foote ſquare, the bord •• whereof is ſiluer, (ſo ſuppoſe • becauſe it is placed in the eleuenth Repoſitorie, both who pillars are of ſiluer.) And th • in the vpper part of this tabl • are drawne two great paralle • circles (being the Stenogr • phical Character of the world) in the midſt whereof is the figure of two: and that vnderneath it is drawne a line, and beneath the line, that diſtichon written.

The ſixteenth Obſeruation.

Dic vbi tunc eſſet, cum praeter eum nihil eſſet? Tunc vbi nunc in ſe: quoniam ſibi ſufficit ipſe. In Engliſh thus: Say, where was God, when ſaue himſelfe, no kind of thing had being? There, where he is, ſtill in himſelfe, and ſo for euer: ſeeing Himſelfe alone vnto himſelfe is all ſufficient.

The Repoſition.

This likewiſe is to be expreſſed by a compound Idea: faining a table to hang vpon the wall of the ſecond place of the eleuenth Repoſitorie, of the ſame bigneſſe with the former, and in like manner bordered with a ſiluer frame. And that in the vpper part thereof is written in great Hebrew letters, the name of God Iehouah, and nothing elſe; becauſe the ſubiect of this Idea is Gods being, when nothing elſe was; with a line drawne vnder it, and thoſe two verſes beneath the line. Both Idea's of this Repoſitorie are the ſame in kind, that is to ſay, both Compound, and by this relation fitly ioyned one with an other.

The ſeuenteenth Obſeruation.

Damaſcus in the time of the Prophet Iſai, was the chiefe citie of Syria, as appeareth, Iſai. 7.8. In the time of our Sauiour Chriſt • nd long after, Antiochia was the • ead citie; but now Aleppo is the • hiefeſt citie of Syria.

The Repoſition.

This is to be expreſſed by a • irect Idea, in a contracted • orme. For ſince the Prouince • f Syria (which is the ſubiect • f this ſentence) is ſo great, • hat a direct Idea thereof can • ot be contained in a memo • iall place in full quantitie, • herefore I ſuppoſe the oppo •• te wall of the firſt place of the • welfth Repoſitories, to haue a ••• ge piece of Landtſchape in •• ely colours painted there • pon: wherein are contained in a far diſtance one from an other, three goodly cities, ouer which the ſeuerall names of Damaſcus, Antiochia and Aleppo, are written in ſeuerall cōpartements limited by black lines very big, becauſe blacke is the colour of this Repoſitorie.

But it is not neceſſary that I ſhould proceed any further, in giuing more examples, becauſe by that which hath already bin deliuered, it is euident enough with what Idea euery thing memorable is to be expreſſed, and in what place to be beſtowed. And now, if you ſhall trie with your ſelfe, whether you can repeate ouer al • the Idea's in their order, without ſight of the booke, tha • are contained in this Chapter ſo that you throughly well vnderſtand what you haue read; I doubt not but you wil freely confeſſe, that there is great certaintie in this Art.

CHAP. XV. Of the Anomaly of Repoſition.

THere is but one Anomaly or irregularitie in laying vp Idea's: that is to ſay, when in ſtead of a fained Repoſitory; a true place really ſeene with our eyes is vſed, This Anomaly is admitted vpon two occaſions offered.

Firſt, when the thing it ſelfe is beſtowed really in ſome place, to be, as it were, the memoriall Idea of it ſelfe. As if a ſcholler ſitting in his ſtody, lighteth vpon a booke, one of whoſe ſheets is ſowne out of order, and purpoſeth to haue it that day mended; let him lay it downe then at the doore of his ſtudy, that when he goeth forth, he may by the ſight thereof be put in mind to take it with him, and ſo to put it forth to mending.

Secondly, when preſently after we haue layd vp the Idea in our mind, we muſt put it out againe. As for example: if a man be talking with a rich man, and whiles he is in ſpeech with him, it commeth into his mind, to ſpeake vnto him in the behalfe of a poore neighbour of his, the rich mans tenant: let him then ſuppoſe that neighbour of his to be there preſent, ſtanding or ſitting in ſome place, which his eye hath deſigned, and that he ſtandeth there ſtill in ſight, till he be entred into talke concerning him. Or, if againe before he part from him, it commeth into his mind to buy wood of him; and that becauſe they are yet ſtill in ſad talke vpon other matters, time ſerueth him not to ſpeake of it; let him then imagine himſelfe to ſee a ſmall ſtacke or pile of wood, in ſome certaine place which he deſigneth with his eyes, and keepe ſtill in mind what Idea he hath there placed, that he may ſpeake of it when he ſeeth his time.

CHAP. XVI. Of Depoſition.

HItherunto I haue ſpoken onely of the firſt part of the Art of Memory, called Repoſition: it remaineth to ſpeake ſomewhat concerning the ſecond part, called Depoſition.

Depoſition is, whereby things before committed to memory, are called to minde againe, and either committed to writing, or otherwiſe diſpatched, that ſo it may be put out of our mind: and the memoriall places after ſuch depoſition of the Idea's being left emptie, may be the fitter to receiue new Idea's into them.

This depoſition or putting things out of mind, muſt be vndertaken as ſoone as conueniently we can; that the minde may not be charged with the burthen of them longer then needs muſt; and that we may the ſooner call them to mind, ſeeing they were but a little before layd vp in our remembrance. But if it falleth out, that when we go about to call to mind any thing that was before committed to memory, the Idea thereof being more negligently layd vp, appeareth not; then we muſt aſſay to call it to minde, by following this courſe.

Firſt, it is knowne for certaintie, that euery Idea which lyeth hid, hath in ſome part the colour of the Repoſitorie attributed vnto it; we muſt therefore firſt enquire, in what maner the colour of the Repoſitorie was aſcribed vnto it. For by this very conſideration commonly all Idea's that are obſcure, are brought forth to light.

Secondly, if the Idea will not by this meanes be called to mind, then next we muſt trie, whether we can bring it into remembrance, by the relation which it had vnto the other Idea placed in the ſame Repoſitorie, in reſpect of the quantitie, ſituation, ſubiect, kind, or of the action of the latter Idea transferred vnto the former. For one Idea of the Repoſitorie being certainely knowne, will not ſuffer the other to lie hidden, but by the mutuall relation of them one to another (whereby they are as it were chained together) it ſhall be compelled to come forth, except the Repoſition hath beene too ſlothfull.

Thirdly, if neither by this meanes, we can bring the Idea to remembrance, we muſt bethinke vs of what kind it was, (that is, whether it were a direct Idea, a Relatiue, Subdititiall, or compound Idea,) or in what quantitie it was layd vp, (that is, in an equall, augmented, or contracted quantitie,) or what poſition or ſituation it had, (that is, whether it was placed vpon the wall, vpon a table, vpon a cupboord or ſhelfe, vpon the ſtage, or vnderneath it:) or laſtly, whether it had any motion or ſound aſcribed vnto it. For by ſuch queſtions the Idea is often found out.

Fourthly, if we know, that the Idea which we ſeeke, was indeed a Scriptile Idea; but what the writing it ſelfe was, we haue forgotten: then we muſt ſearch it out, by bethinking vs of the bigneſſe of the table, whether it were one foote and an halfe broade, for three foote broade, or of a bigger ſize, that hereby we may know, whether it were the Idea of a ſingle word, Quotation, Phraſe, ſhort Sentence or long. If it be found to be a long ſentence, then we are to examine the faſhion and manner of writing it; that ſo we may come to know, what kinde of ſentence it was that we ſeeke for; as that it was a Diſtribution, a Syllogiſme, the • nſwer of ſome obiection, a • imilitude, or other kind of • entence, diſtinguiſhable by • he parts thereof. Now if by • his meanes we find what kind of Scriptile Idea that was which now lyeth hid, as that • t was a Quotation, ſhort ſen • ence, Syllogiſme, ſimilitude, &c. but yet we know not in particular any word thereof; • hen we muſt ſeeke out the • hiefe word of the Idea, by • alling to minde, if we can, • he firſt letter thereof; which • s to be found out by repea • ing the Alphabet in order, • nd well expending and conſidering what letter ou • mind will faſten vpon. For it will certainly faſten vpon the right letter, if a blameable repoſition hath not gone before. Now when we haue found out the firſt letter, then we muſt apply the other letters of the Alphabet that will follow that better thereunto, to find what is the ſecond letter; and when we haue the two firſt letters, it is an eaſie matter by the length of the word, the tranſcendencies therein, and the two firſt letters, to finde out the whole firſt word, and thereby to come to the knowledge of the ſentence.

To conclude, if by none of theſe meanes you can find out the Idea which you ſeeke for, let it paſſe, and trouble not your ſelfe any further about the ſearch of it. For if you reade or heare the ſame word ſpoken by any the ſame day, or the next day after, it is very likely that the whole ſentence will come then to memorie. For as a booke, which a man hath negligently beſtowed in his ſtudie, is not peraduenture found when he • eeketh it, though he remoue • he moſt of his bookes in his • tudie; when notwithſtanding • fterwards, taking foorth the • ooke next it, he findeth that • lſo which before was miſſing: • o ſometimes it commeth to • aſſe, that a ſentence which • ath beene careleſly commit • ed to memorie, cannot be • ound when it is ſought for; • hich notwithſtanding when • e notion lying next vn • o it in the ſtore-houſe of the • emorie is called foorth, it ſelfe alſo will come to mind therewith.

FINIS.