[Page]WHat shalt thou doo whan y^u haste an englyssh to be made in latyne. I shall reherce myn en­glysshe fyrst ones / twyes or thryes. and loke oute my princypal verbe / and aske hym this questyon / who or what. And that worde that answeryth to the questyon / shall be the nomynatyf case to the verbe. But yf it be a-verbe impersonal / As in this ensample (The mayster techyth scolers) Techyth is the verbe. Who techeth / the mayster techeth. The mayster shal be nomynatyf case to the verbe. And that worde that co­meth after the verbe / shall moost comynly be the accusatyf case. as (Magister docet me) And whan I haue an adiectyf nown / pronowne. particyple or relatyf I shall aske this questyon forsayde / who or what / & that worde that answeryth therto / shalbe the substā ­tyf to the adiectyf. & the antecedens to the relatyf.

¶Whan two substantyues come togydre longynge bothe to one thynge / they shal be put in one case. As my fader a man loued me a childe (Pater meus, vir diligit me puerum.) The nomynatyf case and the verbe accorde in two. whiche two. In nombre and in person. As (Ego. lego. Tu legis. Ille legit.)

¶Vnde versus

¶Verbum cum recto dic-concordari duobus

Persona. numero. sic tradit regula nobis

¶The adiectyf & y^e substantyf shall accorde in thre. Whiche thre. In case / gendre & nombre

¶Versus

¶Cum substantiuis tribus adiectiua locabis

¶In casu genere numero da mobile fixo

[Page]¶The relatyf & the antecedens shal accorde in thre whiche thre. In Gendre Nombre and Person. As Pater meus qui. Mater mea que. caput meū quod

¶Cum precedente tribus his coniunge relatum

¶Persona. numero. sit genus associatum

¶The nowne partityf and the genityf case that foloweth shall accorde in gendre onely. as (vnus socio (rum)

¶Est partitiui genus. vt genus est genitiui

¶The nowne of the superlatyf degree shal accorde in gendre onely with the genityf case folowynge. as deus est optima re (rum) (homo est dignissima creatura (rum).

¶Omne superlatum genitiuo sit sociatum.

¶At (que) suo generi conforme cupit retineri

¶Vt pateat verum. sic deus est optima rerum

¶Two nomynatyf cases synguler with a coniunccyon copulatyf bytwene / wyll haue a verbe plurel. as Ego & tu legimus)

¶Vnde versus

¶Dant in plurali verbum iuncti duo recti

¶Two substantyues with a coniunccyon copulatyf bytwene / wyll-haue an adiectyf plurell.

¶Substantiua duo si singula sint tibi iuncta.

¶Tunc adiectiuū semper plurale requirunt.

¶Two antecedens synguler with a coniunccyon copulatyf bytwene / wyll haue a relatyf plurell.

¶Post duo nomina singula des plurale relatum

¶Whan ony noīatyf case cometh bytwene y^e relatyf & y^e verbe / y^e relatyf shalbe suche case as y^e verbe wyl haue after hym. & y^t is the moste comynly the accu­satyf case. as (Ego quem magister docet timeo virgā

[Page]¶Whan ony nomynatyf case cometh bytwene y^e re­latyf & the verbe / then̄e the relatif shalbe the noīatif case supponent to the verbe. as (ego qui scribo sedeo) If the verbe y^t cometh next the relatif be a verbe im­personal then̄e shal the relatyf be suche case as y^e verbe impersonal requyreth. as (ego cui opponit (ur) attēdo.

¶Si quis structuram verbo (rum) noscere gliscat

¶Ho (rum) naturam per metra sequentia discat How many verbes haue strenght to couple lyke case Verbes substātiues betokenynge to be / verbes vocatyues / as (nūcupor appellor nominor vocor dicor.) An­glice to be called / cleped or named / Verbes passyues / as (eligor. reputor. ordinor ¶and generally whan the worde y^t gooth byfore y^e verbe & y^e worde y^t folowrth the verbe longe bothe to one thynge / what manner of verbe y^t euer be / put bothe in one case / as (ego sū puer (tu vocaris petrus. Paulus eligit (ur) maior londonia (rum).) Laicus non sedet Iudex in causis ecclesiasticis

¶Sum fio maneo dic existo fore consto

¶Presto persisto cum subsisto simul exto.

¶Quādo notāt substans. similes deposcere calus

¶Verba vocatiua vim consimilem retinebunt

¶Nominor appellor sic nuncupor addito dicor.

¶Et vocor. & quedā passiua (sic eligor vrbis

¶Prefectus reputor sapiens) fit hoc generale

¶Si quo (rum) precedat verbū. verbū ve sequatur

¶Pertineant ad idem. casu ponantur eodem

¶Eminet. apparet. seden iudex. eo velox.

¶Hec poscunt similes post se pre se quo (que) casus

[Page]¶Desino. desinis. desij vel desiui / desinere. desinendi desinendo desinendū. desitu desitu. desinēs desiturus Anglice / to sesse or to leue of. Et potest construi cum Genitiuo. & ablatiuo cum prepositione a vel ab. Vt Desino ludi. vel Desino a ludo ¶Vnde versus

¶Desinet abstineo dabis indigeo genitiuo.

¶At auget & dominor miserere valet careo (que).

¶Inuideo patior accuso consulo consto

¶Arguo condemno moneo reprehendo recordor

¶Et memini dignor obliuiscor reminiscor

¶Participo recolo miror / tu cetera quere

These verbes folowyng moost comynly cōstrued with a datyf case after theym. & in the passyf voyce they ben verbes impersonales. as mihi obuiatur. tibi parcitur. magistro non placetur

¶Vnde versus

¶Obuto parco placet respondeo seruio nocet

¶Precipit opponit concludo iunge datiuis.

¶Supplicet arridet faueo daco proficit horret

¶Subuenit addatur succurrit propiciatur

Congruo compatior confert succedit adulor

¶Sufficit aspirat. valedico gratulor astat

¶Imminet equiualet alludit obedit obstat.

¶Occurrit estuat. & cedo quando locum dat.

¶Insidior pateo minor ast obtempero fido.

¶Derogo condoleo preiudico detono defert

¶Suppetit his iungas. que sum cōponit eis das.

¶Hec & (quam)plura ternis coniungere cura

¶These verbes folowynge wyll construe with two accusatyf case.

Versus

[Page]¶Postulo posco peto doceo flagito celo

¶Eruo cum vestit. manet induo calceo cingo.

¶Accusatiuos geminos hec verba requirunt.

¶Passiuis quo (rum) postremus iungitur ho (rum)

¶Whan this sygne the foloweth a nowne adiectyf verbe / or particyple betokenynge parte or all / the ca­suell worde folowynge this sygne in metre of tymes is put in y^e accusatyf case. as (Virgo venusta faciem In prose in the ablatyf case. as (Venusta facie)

¶Adiectiua regunt passiua / verba (que) neutra.

¶Accusatiuos per synodochen sibi iunctos.

¶Cum partes toti tribuātur. totūve parti

¶Sed pocius metris (quam) prosis synodoche fit)

¶Thies verbys folowynge haue an ablatif case after theym

¶Vnde versus

¶Vescitur & fruitur. caret vtitur at (que) potisur.

¶Hec ablatiuos transitione regunt

¶Et iungas car [...]o plus sexto (quam) genitiuo

¶Vescor. ceris. caret preterito vesci / to ete / Fruor / is to vse a thynge for it self / or to haue delyte therin. As Fruor deo bonis suis) Fruor amico (rum) colloquio. Fruor tuo cantu ¶Vtor. eris. vsus sū. vti / to vse or to were a thyng for a nother cause / than for it self. as (vtor ar­mis. vtor libris. vtor studio. ¶Fūgor. geris. functꝰ sū fūgi / to vse or to hold an offyce. ¶Potior. iris. potitꝰ sum. potiri. to haue or to obteyne (rex potit (ur) victoria)

¶Diuinis fruimur exoptatis (que) potimur

¶Vtimur vtilibus. fungimur officio (que)

¶Vescimur ac escis cum potu delicijs (que)

[Page]¶A nowne substantyf / or a pronowne with a particyple dependyng of an other / shalbe put in y^e ablatif case absolute. as (magistro legente pueri proficiunt.)

¶Est ablatiuus quando (que) regente solutus)

¶Si nomen vel pronomen cum porticipante.

¶Iungitur. & nullū dependens est tibi verbum.

¶Vt vento flante gradior. socio comitante

¶Gaudet me viuo mater / dolet at (que) sepulto

¶Thies fyue verbes impersonales (Penitet. Tedet Miseret. pudet & piget [...] wyll haue the accusatyr case in the stede of y^e nomynatyf case. and a genytyf case in stede of the accusatyf case. as) Penitet me tui) Te det animā meā vite mee)

¶Versus.

¶Penitet & tedet miseret pudet & piget. ista

¶Accusatiuos poscunt simul & genitiuos.

¶Natura primū. sed transicione secundū.

¶These verbes impersonalles wyll construe with a datyf case. as (Libet tibi. placet mihi)

¶Versus

¶Hec libet at (que) licet placet & libet accidet adde.

¶Congruit & euenit contingit expedit inde

¶Pertinet incūbit vacat tedet. qui (que) prestat

¶Cum reliquis paribus intersociata datiuis

¶All verbes impersonalles of the passyf voyce wyl haue a datyfe or an ablatyf case with a preposicyon. as (Mihi opponitur. A rege pugnatur

¶Versus

¶Passiue vocis impersonale datiuis

¶Aut sexto iungas. cum preposito preeunte.

¶A pueris itur. a preceptore venitur)

¶Regi seruitur. sed non sibi credo placetur.

[Page]¶Whan the englyssh of the infynityf mode cometh after ony of thies nownes (tempus causa locus &c̄) it may be put in a gerundyf in di. as (tēpus est orandi Causam habeo flendi. Locus est dormiendi.

¶Vnde

¶Tempus causa locus libertas ius (que) voluntas

¶Ars modus at (que) licencia / omnia talia que (que)

¶Prima solent post se vocitare gerundia iure)

¶Est tempus flendi. non est mihi causa dolendi.

¶Que nunc narrandi non locus. africus inquit Whan y^e englyssh of y^e infinitif mode cometh after a verbe / or a participle betokenȳg beseching or prayng Or y^e englissh of a particyple of y^e presentens cometh after a nowne adiectyf with this sygne of / it may be put in a gerundyf in do. as I am wery of syttynge. faynt of fastyng (Fessus sedēdo. fatigatus ieiunādo.

¶Pone gerundia do post rogantia verba

¶Post adiectiua. mater mea fessa sedendo

¶Te rogo de dando veniā mihi. de (que) mirando) Whā y^e sygnificacōn of a particyple of y^e presentens cometh after a nowne substātyf w^c this preposicion in / afore hym / it may be put in a gerundyf in do.

¶Participans presens post substātiua repostum

¶In (que) gerundiuo vel participante locato.

¶Vt gladiatores pugnando vulnera figunt.

¶Est in cantando frater meus. orpheus alter Whan y^e particyple fayleth / I shall take y^e same tens of the verbe that the particyple sholde come of / & the relatyf (qui) put in the nomynatyfe case. And it be a verbe impersonall / the relatyf shalbe suche case as y^e [Page] verbe impersonale requyreth after hym. as I am opposyd (ego sum cui opponit (ur)) My fader is ryden (Pa­ter meus est a quo equitatur.

¶Versus

¶Si tibi participans desit. quo pone relatum.

¶Tempus idem qui sui quod deposcit fore verbi ¶Whan the englyssh of the infinytyf mode cometh after a reason. & telleth the cause of y^e reason▪ it may be put in a gerundyf in dum. with this preposycyon ad. as (Venio ad discendum grāmaticam.

¶Vn̄

¶Ad dū causa dabit. nō est cibus ad comedendū

¶Ad mea tergendum vulnera mappa deest.

¶A gerūdyf in dum. may come in speche with this preposicion. inter. as. inter sedendum. id est dū sederet as. they walke. inter ambulādum. as they rode. inter equitandum.

¶Vnde versus

¶Inter quando (que) cum dum preponitur apte

¶Inter prandendū pro dum pranderet habetur.

¶Hinc maro fit testis. age tytere & inter agendū.

¶Occursare capro cornu fert ille caueto Whā the sygnificacyō of y^e infinitif mode folowyth this englyssh it is. as y^e kyng it is to syt. Scolars it is to studye. or must nedys studye (regē pugnandū est Scolares studendū est omnino It shalbe put in a gerundyf in dum. with this verbe. est. put impersonall.

¶Impersonali verbo est quo (que) iungitur ecce

¶Vincendum est hostes regem per prelia nostrū.

¶Whan the englissh of the Infinityf mode cometh after a verbe. or a particyple betokenynge meuynge or goyng to a place / it may be put in the fyrst supine [Page] Fro a place / in the latter supyne. as (Vado venatum Venio venatu)

¶Versus

¶Post motus verbū bene ponis vtrū (que) supinū

¶Ad loca vuit primū. de vult signare secundū.

¶In the stede of y^e fyrst supyne faylyng / I shal put a gerundyf in dum. with this proposicyon ad. and in stede of the latter supyne faylyng. I shall put the ge­rundyf in do. with one of thies (a ab de)

¶Vnde

¶Pone gerundiuū tibi deficiente supino.

¶Ad dum pro primo / de cum do pone secundo

¶Ad bona discendum dogmata pergo celer

¶De bona discendi dogmata nunc venio

¶Whan y^e englyssh of the infyniytyf mode cometh after a nowne adiectyf endynge in ilis. or in bilis. it may be put in the latter supyne (Virgilius) Nec visu facilis. nec dictu effabilis vlli (Salustius. Incredibile memoratu. miserabile auditu.

¶Vnde Versus.

¶Post adiectiuū bilis ac ilis esto secundū

¶Flebilis auditu minor est agilis puer actu

¶Whan the englyssh of y^e infynityf mode cometh after (sum es fui) it shalbe put in a particyple of the futere tens in rus. yf it be of the actyf voyce. as (ma­gister est docturus. scolares sunt docendi

¶Participans in rus. post sum tu pone vel in dus

¶Vt sum lecturus Nasonis carmina summa

¶Laus adhibenda deo pro victis hostibus esto