To whom comming as unto a living stone disalowed of men, but chosen of God and precious.
5. Ye also as living stones, be made a spirituall house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spirituall sacrifices acceptable to God by Iesus Christ.
THe purpose of the Apostle in these words and those following, is to exhort all Christians to the encrease of faith and holines of life. He having before mentioned the bounty of our Lord Iesus Christ, who hath affoarded the sincere milk of his Word, that they might grow thereby: Now because Paul may plant, & Appollos 1. Cor. 3. 5. 6 may water, but it is onely God that gives [Page] the encrease, he doth therby lead them to the Lord Iesus Christ, who hath so provided for his newborn babes that they may have wherewith to grow up.
First he speaks of coming to Christ, describing him a living stone as he is elswhere called the chiefe corner stone in this building, upon whom all the people of Matth. 21. 22. God ought to rely, he being then the chief corner stone, notwithstanding he be disalowed of men, yet to God he is elect and precious.
The first duty the Holy Ghost here teacheth us is, That we should be carefull to get faith and holines in our persons which we doe obtain by coming to Christ: secondly we are next to come to his house, that is, to become members of his visible Church. Now we come to Christ first by his call of us by the preaching of his word, as Christ saith Come Matth. 11. 28 to mee, &c. secondly by the drawing of the father. So that there are two waies or Ioh. 6. 44. means to come to Christ, the one is outward, the other inward, the first is the Word, the second is the Spirit, by perswading our hearts and bringing us to the obedience of the Gospell.
[Page] Next we are to consider from what we are called, namely from that that is by nature sinfull, from our sinfull estate, secondly whereto we are called, that is, to Christ, that we may become living stones, to be built a spirituall house.
Christ is called a living stone as having life in himself, and giving life to his Iohn. 5. 26 & 1. 4. church, he is called the chief corne stone in way of similitude; for as the corner stone to the building, is to joyn the walls together, so Christ is to the whole Church, he joyns all his, both Iewes and Gentiles into one spirituall house. Again he is called a stone in respect of his firmnes of grace given of God by him; so that all that are built upon him, are as a Matth. 7. 24. 25. & 26. house built upon a rock which stands sure against all assaults, opposed by our Saviour to an house built upon the sand which falls when tempestuous assaults come: so is it with us, we have a firm foundation which is Gods decree, his love stablished to us in Christ.
Is Christ then such a firm and sure foundation, it is for the exceeding comfort Vse. of all his people, that however they be opposed by the world and satan yet [Page] they shall remain firm for ever, the gates of hell shall never prevaile against them. Matth. 16. 18.
Again hath Christ life not onely for himself but for us, this is to shew us our Vse. dutyes that we carry our selves as living stones in his spirituall house which is his Church, he that is Christs must be a new creature, by faith he must put on Christ, for unlesse we come to Christ by faith, we shall depart from him without fruit: and by these severall comparisons laid down in scripture we are to know the grace of Christ is sett forth to us. He is a living stone and he makes us living stones, he gives life to the whole bodye.
He is called also living bread, whosoever eate him (that is beleeve in him) shall live by him, if anie man eate of this bread he shall live for ever. Iohn. 6. 50. 51.
He is called the vine and we the branches, he that abides in him brings forth fruite, but without him we can doe nothing, Iohn. 15. 5. by him alone we bring forth fruit, and expect salvation in the day of the Lord.
Disalowed of men.) First this was in his own person when he was here, so also in his after. In himself, in that he had [Page] neither house nor home; for he was a carpenter & brought up without schoole learning, and because of his base and Mark. 6. 3. lowe estate, he was despised and men regarded him not.
2. The Iewes were crossed in their errour, while they expected salvation by the works of the law, but he declares, if they will have salvation they must Rom. 10. 3. have it by him, without him none can see God, to the Iewes then Christ was a stumbling block, by them judged an enimie to God and Moses.
3. Christ came preaching the death 1. Cor. 1. 23. of the crosse, which to the Gentiles is foolishnes, and in respect of his plain & simple administration of the Gospell, for these causes he may be said to be disalowed of men.
This is spoken to comfort us against Vse. the scandall of the crosse, when we see he is rejected of the world not onely in himself, but in his servants, Is Christ then not respected? let us not be offended, for Christ was to enter into glory Luk. 24. 26 by suffring, let us then willingly endure despising here, that we may have glory in the life to come, for this cause 1. Pet. 4. 1. [Page] are we to arm our selves against the temptations of this world, because if the maister of the house was thus entreated and disalowed of men, we his seruants Matth. 10. 24. 25. must not murmure if we drink also of the same cup, therefore we are not to think that the Kingdom of Christ here Ioh. 18. 36. is a pompous outward Kingdom, but it consists in righteousnes peace and joy in the Holy Ghost, and those that are his Rom. 14. 17 subjects must be meeke and humble; and therefore let all take heed that they be not offended at Christs meannesse, nor Matth. 11. 29. yet stumble at the afflictions that come for his sake.
The 3. thing, (elect of God and precious.) Whence we may observe, how opposite the actions of God and men are, men make no accompt of Christ, but count him vile, but God honours and preferres him, it is prophecyed of him that he should grow as a branch out of a dry ground, so saith the Prophet Esaie of him, and David compares him to a worme and no man, Esai. 53. 2. Psal. 22. 7. despised of men, yet this hinders not Gods respect of him, for after suffring he came to glory: Thus it is with all Hob. 12. 2. [Page] his people, although they are despised of men, yet are they in accompt with God, God accompts them his treasure, he pitcheth his tabernacle amongst them, with whom he will dwell.
Christ is called the elect of God by the Prophet Esaie, my servant whom I Esai. 44. 1. 2. Eph. 1. 4. 2. Tim. 1. 9. Ioh. 10. 10. & 28. have chosen, so wee are chosen in Christ, before the world was, God givs us eternall life by him.
In that Christ is elect and we in him, Vse. it is to shew the assurance of salvation by Christ, as Christ dyed and went to glory, so shall we also, even as God did regard him as his onely begotten Matth. 3. 17 sonne, in whom he is well pleased, notwithstanding all his basenesse in the worlds esteem; so doth God accompt of all true Christians, for this is for farther manifestation of the glory of God in accepting them in his sone Christ.
(Ye also as livinge stones are builte up a Spirituall House.) As in the first place we said, it is not enough to come to Christ in our persons, but we must adjoyn to his Church, so now we must not content our selves with personall good, but we must seek farther [Page] perfection to becom members of his visible Church, It is not lawfull for Christians to wander in the world or to live alone, nor to adjoyn themselves in communion with false Churches, but as it is in the Acts, The Lord added to the Act. 2. 47 Church such as should be saved, unto this estate all are bound to come, and so to be made pertakers of all Christs graces, who couples all the bodye together, for this cause are they called living stones in similitude from the stones of the temple cōpacted into one bodye, but the stones of the Temple were liveles, these living, and herein they differ. As the first Temple was a figure of Christ, so also it signifyed all the bodye of the faithfull, who Heb. 10. 21. make all one house, over which Christ is set. If we then be his house let us hold fast our rejoycing to the end.
Moreover although those stones in that first Temple built by Salomō were without 1. King. 8. 10. life, yet God tooke possession of it; and dwelt in the middest of it, how much more with them that are a temple joyned together of living stones.
Now as this is for incouragement to Vse. all to become members of his Church, [Page] so also it sheweth who are the fit members of his Church, even those onely that are living stones.
And in that the members of the Church ought to be living stones, it should teach us, not to be idle in good Vse. works, faith without works is dead, Iam. 2. 17. Hab. 2. 4. and just men live by faith, by faith we are made pertakers of the death of Christ and all other benefits, Christ is the head of the body: As is the nature of the head, so must the members be, and Ephe. 5. 23. as the parts of the body naturall, have life from the head, so also we from Christ, as he is the head and is living, so ought all true Christians that come to him; it is a thing against nature that a dead body should be fastened to a living head, and therefore whoever is not fastened to him by faith, cannot be made partakers of 10 hn 8. 24. his life, therefore however hypochrites may come into the Church by their seeming regeneratiō, yet not having the life of God in them, they can receive no benefitt from Christ by the ministery of man. But because we are to insist upon the similitude of a building we will return to that.
[Page] We are built into an house three manner of waies, first by the gifts of the spirit, 1. Cor. 12. when God gives ability to build up one another by the graces we receive frō the Spirit of God, 2. Besides these, there vers. 4. are offices proceeding from the Lord Christ, of which some were maister builders vers. 5. as the Apostles, and Prophets, next after them the Euangelists, upō the Doctrines they taught and writt the church is builded, as the Apostle testifyes to the Ephes. 2. 20. 21. To these he adds the ordinary ministery of the church, Pastours and Teachers Eph. 4. 11. 12. Vnto these two we have a third namely the operations of God the father, who makes vers. 6. his word powerfull and effectuall, giving us grace to understand and apply it; and to bring forth the fruit of it: so that from the Father, Sonne and Holy Ghost, we receive life & these benefitts here spokē of, and so become a spirituall house. This spirituall house is opposed to the matereall house builded by Salomon, which was but a figure as the Apostle saith to the Hebrewes. Hebr. 9. 9.
We are therefore to bee carefull that Vse. the graces of God be not received in us [Page] in vaine, but that we grow in grace in faith and holines, that we may be built up 2. Pet. 3. 18. an holy house & habitation by his spirit. In this life we are but in the growth, but in the life to come, we shall come to be perfect men, nowe in the mean time we Luk 2. 52 1.Sam. 2. 26. Prov. 3. 4. are to know we are in this world as Christ was in this world, still growing.
There is all waies an end of building, as the Apostle saith Eph. 2. 20. The whole church is built upon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets Iesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone, in whom all the building is coupled together. 1. groweth to be an holy temple in Lord, wherby the holy Ghost shews, the state of the Church figured by the Temple. The second end is in the 22. verse, to be the habitation of God by the Spirit, hence is it the holy Ghost saith, know ye not that your bodye is the temple of the holy Ghost? 1. Cor. 6.
Thus being the temple of God, we may build upō the assurāce of the Lords Vse. promise of dwelling amongst us, as it is Lev. 26. 11. 12. 2. Cor. 6. 16 said, I will walk & dwell amongst them and pitch my Tabernacle amongst you, I will be your God & ye shall be my people, [Page] thus the most heavenly promises are sett downe under this mystery, the full accomplishment wherof shall be fullfilled in the world to come: In the mean time as Salomon prayed at the dedicatiō of the Temple, behold the heaven of 1. Kin. 8. 27 heavens cannot contain thee, so we may say, what are we, that God should dwell amongst us, or that he should poure out the graces of his spirit upon us? and forasmuch as we should be a spirituall house, we are to take heed that we defile not our bodyes or soules: see what care Vse. God had of old of the Temple, none defiled, might enter therein, if a matereall house was so carefully kept, how much more the living house the church of God, if the former were carefully watched and looked to, to keep it from pollution, how much more should we be carefull to keep our selves from our own or others sins, therefore let us take heed that we 1. Tim. 5. 22. harbour not uncleannes within us, but that we labour to be holy as he is holy, because we are built a spirituall house. Salomons 1. Pet. 1. 16 1. Kin. 6. 38 house was seven years in building, so we in this house of God must be still in building in that faith to which [Page] God hath called us.
The end of that house was to declare Gods word amongst them, and there did the Lord promise he would accept their offrings.
From the house we are now to speak of the priesthood, for that he speaks of next, (an holy priesthood.) As of Christ, we are called Christ [...]ans, so from the particular offices of Christ, as of Prophet, Act. 11. 26. Priest, and King, we are ever with h [...]m made partakers of the same, we have the annoynting of Christ to make us prophets priests and Kings, of his priesthood we see here, that we should be an holy priesthood. Touching the holines of the priesthood it was appointed by the Lord onely Exod. 28. 1 1. Chro. 23. 13. Heb. 5. 4. to some, for none might take that honour upon them but he that was called of God as was Aaron, so no spirituall priest now, but he that is called of Christ, therefore there is now no true priests but of Christ, as Christ offred to his father a spirituall sacrifice acceptable, so we by him are made able to offer spirituall sacrifices.
The second thing belonging to the priesthood, they must be without blemish, Lev. 21. 17 [Page] if anie were blemished they were to be putt from their office, signifying therby that he that is our high priest, must be Heb 7. 26. holy harmlesse and undefiled, seperate from sinners, the priest must abstein from unclean things, we are not to marvel the Lord should be so carefull of the priests, since he will be honoured in those that Levit. 10. 3. come near him, they were to be tryed and known to be of holy conversation in the sight of God; the same thing is required of us, that we purge out that naturall corruption wherein we were born, that we should be changed frō our deformityes, and shake off our corruptions in the sight of God, that we may be holy as the priests of God, to offer holy sacrifices to him.
The sacrifices that the priests did offer of old were of two sorts, some were to putt away sin, some for thansgiving to God. These sacrifices are now ceassed, for Christ once offring himself hath satisfyed all, and hath putt an end to all those legall types, therefore now no sacrifice Heb. 10. 4. with 11. 12. 1. Iohn. 1. 7 either bloody or unbloody is anie sacrifice for our sin, but onely the blood of Christ which cleanseth us from all sin.
First for the burnt offrings they were [Page] signes of our offring our bodyes and soules to the Lord, for in it the whole creature was given unto God, onely the priest had the skin for his labour, other Lev 7. 8. free will offrings, some were of beasts, some of fowles, and other of corne, now in those offrings of beasts ad fowles, they were not to be brought dead: but living, and therefore no fish that dyes so soone as it is out of the water was fitt for sacrifice.
God hereby teacheth us, not to bring Vse. lame and dead sacrifices, but to present ourselves as living sacrifices, holy, acceptable Rom. 12. 1. to the Lord in Iesus Christ. These things did the lawe of Moses teach them in those legall sacrifices, but unto us we know all those outward sacrifices are abolished, and therefore we are not to doe so, but we are to kill our worldly lusts, we must present our bodyes and soules to Matth. 22. 37. Mark 12. 30. 33. God, and serve him with all our hearts, with all our soule, and with all our strength, and this more then all burnt offrings and sacrifices.
For first spirituall sacrifices doe consist in the heart, of which David speaks in the 51. Psalm, The sacrifices of God are a broken Psal. 51 17. [Page] heart, a broken and contrite heart, O God thou wilt not despise. Then is there the fruit of the lips, so that we must not Hose. 14. 2. Heb. 13. 15. Psal. 69. 30 31. Eph. 4. 29. onely have holy affections, but also out mouths and lips must sing to his praise, we must have no unproffitable and profane words to come out of our mouths. 3. Likewise all our actions and benefits to the poore are acceptable sacrifices, To Heb. 13. 16. Act. 24. 17. Philip. 4. 18 doe good, and to distribute forgett not, for with such sacrifices God is well pleased, so that in generall, all good works God appoynts us to walk in, in prayer, in thansgiving, in performing dutyes one to another, in releife of our brethren, wherin 1. Cor. 8. 5. we are poured out as in sacrifice for our brethren.
Acceptable to God by Iesus Christ. These sacrifices then must be so offred as they may be accepted in Iesus Christ. If a man offered sacrifice not accepted, he both lost his charge and his reward, so God doth not respect sacrifices that are not offred in Iesus Christ.
He then that would have his service pleasing to God, must first have his person accepted, otherwise his sacrifice cannot be well pleasing to God, so in Cain and [Page] Abell, the Lord had respect to Abell, & his offring, first his person was accepted Gen. 4. 4. then his offring, the reason is, because the the sacrifice of the wicked is abhominable Prov. 15. 8. Psal. 69. 18. to God, therefore no wicked man can offer a sweet smelling sacrifice to God, because himselfe being wicked all his actions the Lord hath no respect to. Secondly God doth not onely require holines in our persons, but he farther requires that they be done at his cōmaund, for if men had offred anie other sacrifice then he commaunded, it was a thing that he abhorred, therefore in offring their children to Moloch the Lord protests against Ier. 7. 31. 2. King. 23. 10. it as a thing he never commaunded, whatsoever worship then is done by the precepts of men without the commaundement of God it is vaine and sinfull, In vain doe they worship me (saith Christ) that teach for Doctrines the commaundements Matth. 15. 9. of men.
3. As we have a care to doe what God commaunds, yet are we not to think for the worthines of the work done to be accepted; but simply to delight to doe it as a thing commaunded of God in obedience to him.
[Page] 4. We must have faith, that so it may be well pleasing to him, we must perform it Heb. 11. 6. in him in whom the father is well pleased, that is in Iesus Christ, the reason is, because every man by nature being corrupted, we cannot offer anie thing wherewith God is pleased, As it was impossible Hebr. 10. 4. that the blood of bulls and goates should purge sin, so is it not possible to offer anie other sacrifice pleasing to God, but onely that that is done in faith of Christ. 2. It must be by and through Iesus Christ, because he is the Mediatour of the new testamēt, because God & we are not at one, therefore we must have a Mediatour, and Hebr. 12. 24 there is no other Mediatour between God and man but Iesus Christ, therefore whosoever offer anie duty & not in faith 1. Tim. 2. 5 in Christ, they cannot please God, be they prayers or anie other service. In the sacrifices of old they were still to have salt, Lev. 2. 13. Mark 9. 49. as salt keeps from putrifying, so it also alters the relish of the flesh: which is to teach us, not to think to come to God in Vse. the tast of our own works, but by the Covenaunt of Iesus Christ.
The summe of all is that we are called of God from our naturall and corrupt [Page] state, to the state of grace in Iesus Christ, which is despised in the world, but rich in the sight of God, and so ought it to be esteemed of us above all things, even the greatest riches & honours of this world. Let us not then passe for the reproach of the world, for having Christ we have all, therefore we are to esteem of this priviledge aright, and forasmuch as God requireth holines should be in his house of old, and we are his spirituall house, let us not think that God requireth lesse of us thē of old. Labour we to keep our selves without spott, As Christ was said to be Heb. 3. 6. faithfull in his own house, whose house we are if we hold fast the confidence, & rejoycing of the hope firm unto the end, for this is our happines that we are called to the communion of himselfe & spiritt, he defends us frō evill, & doth us good, here and for ever, and so should we be thankfull to God, for if God would be honoured of the fathers in the matereall temple, how much more of us, to whom he hath given the spirituall house & spirituall sacrifices, the fathers saluted the promises a farr off, God providing some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect. Heb. 11. 46.