MY lorde Pro­tectours grace,Saterday the xxvii. of Au­gust. whome neyther y^e length nor weri­nes of y^e way did any whit let, spedely to further that he had deliberately taken in hande, riding all the way frō Londō his own person in post, accompanied wyth my lorde Marshall, and syr Fraunces Bryan, was met a .vi. mile on thys syde Newecastell, by my lorde Lieuetenaunt and Ma­ster Treasurer (who for y^e more spedie dispatch of thinges were [Page] comen to toune there .iij. or .iiij days before) and all the nobles Knightes & Capitaynes of the armye on horsebacke, attendīg vpō them. And commyng thus to toune, my lordes grace was honorably (for the dignitie of the place) with gonshot & pre­sence of the Mayer, Aldermen, and commoners there, aboute iij. of the clocke in the afterno­ne, receyued and welcommed, & lay at the house of one Peeter Ryddell.

Thys daye mornyng, in the feldes of the Northeast syde of the towne,Sundaye the the .xxviii. of August. moūster was made of suche dimie launces & lighte horsemen as were comen, wher at my lordes grace was hym­self, my lorde Lieuetenaūt & o­ther of the coūsail of the army.

[Page]In the after none came y^e lord of Mangiertō with a .xl. Scottish gentelmen of the east bor­ders, and presented them selfes to my lorde at hys lodgynge, whome hys grace did gentlye accept.

It would not be forgotten & it were but for ensamples sake, how a newe paire of gallowes were set vp in the market place and a souldior hāged for qua­rellyng and fightyng.

All Capitaynes with theyr bandes that had ben moūstred,Mondaye the xxix. of Au­gust. were commaunded forwarde. My lordes grace himself dyd early also thē depart the toune, dyned at Morpeth .xij. mile on the waye, and lay that night in Anwyke Castell with syr Ro­bert bowes knight, lord War­den [Page] of the middle marches, be­yng .xii. mile further. Where there neyther lact anye store of geastes or of good chere to welcumme them with, In the pro­uision wherof a mā myght no­te great cost and diligence, and in the spending a liberal hart.

Tuisdaye the xxx. of AugustThis day his grace hauing iourneyed in the mornyng, a .x. mile, dyned at Bamborow Ca­stell, wherof one syr Ihon hors­ley knighte is Capitayne.Bamborowe Castell. The plot of this Castell standeth so naturally strong, that hardly can any where (in my opinion) be founde the lyke: inaccessible on all sydes, aswell for y^e great heighte of the crag, whereon it standeth, as also for y^e outward foorm of the stone whereof the crag is, which (not much amis [Page] perchaunce) I maye lyken to the shape of long bauens, stō ­dynge an ende with their shar­per and smaller endes vpward. Thus is it fenced round about and hath hereto on the eastsyde the sea, at flud cummyng vp to the harde walles. This Castell is very auncient, and called in Artures days (as I haue hard) Ioyous garde: hither came my lorde Clyntō from▪ shipboorde to my lorde. In the afternone, hys grace rode too Berwycke xiiii. mile further, and thear re­ceyued with the Captains, garrisons, and with the officers of the toun, lay in the Castel with syr Nicholas Strelley knight, the Capitayn thear.

Muche part of this day his grace occupied in cōsultacion,Wednisdaye the last of Au­gust. [Page] about ordres and matters, touchyng this voyage and armie. This day, to thentent we mou­ghte saue the stoore of the vi­taile, we caryed with vs in the armie by carte, & to besure ra­ther amonge vs to haue, som­what to much then ony whit to litle, as also that we should not nede to trouble oure ships for vitaile, till we came to the pla­ce, by my lordes grace appoin­ted, euery mā of the armye vpō generall cōmaundement made priuate prouision for himselfe for .iiii. dayes vitayle.

Thursday the first of Sep­tember.Hys grace, not with many mo then his awn bande of horsmen, roade too a towne in the Scottishe borders, standynge vpon the sea coaste, a .vi. mile frome Berwycke, and is called [Page] Aymouth,Aymouth. whereat there run­neth a riuer into the sea, y^e whi­che he caused to bee sounded, & perceyuyng then thesame well to be able to serue for a hauen, hath caused since their buyldīg to be made, whereof both Ma­ster and Capitayn is Thomas Gower, Marshal of Berwyke.

Upon commaundement ge­nerally geuen by sound of trū ­pet,Fryday the .ii of Septēber. all sauing the counsayl de­parted the toune, and encāped a .ii. flightshottes of, vpon the sea syde, and towarde Scot­lande.

This day my lorde Clynton with his flete, toke the seas frō Berwyke towarde Scotlande and herefore the rather, that thoughe they mighte not haue alwayes wynde at will to kepe [Page] their course still with vs, yet & it wear but with the driuynge of tydes, they might vpon any our nede of municiō or vitaile not long be from vs. My lorde Lieuetenaūt and master Treasurer, who remayned at New­castell after my lordes grace for the full dispatch of the rest of the armie, came this daye to Berwyke.

Saterday the iii. of September.My lorde Lieuetenaunt frō out of the toune did campe in felde with the armie.

To thentēt, the excuse of ig­noraunce, eyther of the cause of my lordes graces cumming, or of his goodnes, to suche of the Scottes, as shoulde shewe thē selfes to fauour thesame cum­mynge, might quite bee taken from them, his graces Procla­macion [Page] (wherof they could not but here) was openly pronoū ­ced by Heraulde, after sounde of trumpet in .iii. seuerall pla­ces of our Campe.

Beside y^e mere matter of this iorney I haue here to touche a thing, whiche seme it neuer so light to other, yet of more wei­ght to me then to be lette passe vnspoken of.

In the morning of this day my lordes grace, walking vpō the Rampere of the tounewal­les, on the syde towarde Scot­lande did tel I remembre,My lordes graces dream. that not many nightes before, he dreamt he was comen backe a­gayn to the Courte, whear the kynges Maiestie did hartely welcume hym home, and euery estate els. But yet him thought [Page] he had done nothinge at all in this voyage: Whiche when he cōsidered, with y^e kynges high­nes great costes, and the great trauaile of the great men and souldiours, and al to haue ben done in vayne, the very care & shamefaste abashement of the thinge dyd waken hym out of hys dream. What opinion mi­ght we conceiue of his though­tes wakyng, y^t euen dreaming was moued with so pensyfe a regarde of his charge towarde his prince, and with so humain a thought toward all men els? Howbeit, my mynde is rather to note the Pronosticacion and former aduertence of his futu­re successe in this hys enterpri­se, the which (I take it) was he­reby then moste certaynly she­wed [Page] him, althoughe of righte fewe (or rather of none) thesa­me so taken. That if for ensample like to this I should reher­se to you out of the olde Testament,Gene. xli how the seuen plentifull yeres, and the seuen yeres of famyn in Egipt were plainly signified afore to Pharao by hys dreams of seuen fat oxen, and seuē full eares of corne, and by vii. leane Oxen that deuoured the fat, and .vii. withered eares consuming the full eares.Iustini li. i. And hereto oute of prophane auc­thors, how Astyages kynge of Medians was many a day be­fore admonished, y^t he shoulde be ouercommen by a Hys name was Cyrus. nephew of hys (as yet then vngotten & vnborne) and lose his kyngdo­me, and this by a dreame also, [Page] wherin he thought there sprāg out of the wōbe of hys dough­ter Mādane, a vyne, by y^e spreadinge of whose braunches all Asie was shadowed.Ioseph. de antiquit. Li xvii. ca. vltimo. And howe Archelaus kyng of Cappado­cia was warned afore of hys banishment out of hys coūtrey and kyngdome by his dreame of .x. wheat eares full type that wear eaten of Oxen: and hereto the multitude of ensamples, be­side touching this case, in Tul­ly, Valerius Maximus, De Diuin, i Valer. li. i. ca. vii. Plin. devir. illust. capi. xxvi. Cael. antiq. lect. li. xiiii capi. xlii. Sueton. in Domitian. capi. xxiii. Plinie the secunde, Celius Rediginus, Suetonius, and in infinitie o­ther aucthors mo, they should be to cūberous & irksum bothe for me to write and you to rede. The naturall cause of whiche kynde of propheciynge (as I may call it) whyther it come as [Page] Astronomers hold opinion, by the influence of the ayre or by constellacion, or els by sobrie­tie of dyet, and peculiar to the Melācholycke,Socra. apud Plat. de. Rep. ix both as Plato and also Phisicians affirme, or by gift of God as diuines iud­ge. I trust I shalbe borne with all thoughe I do not here take vpon me to discus, but leaue it for a doubt among theim as I found it. Yet that thear is such dignitie and diuinitie in mans soule, as sometyme in dreams we be warned of thinges to co­me, both the learninge of aun­cient Philosophers,Iambl. inde Mister. Ae­gipt. Mercur. in Pymand. Plotinus, Iamblicus, Mercurius, Trismegistus, with many other dooth a­uowe, holy scripture and pro­phane stories do proue, & daily exsperience to theym that doo [Page] marke it, doeth also shewe.

But to thys nowe, that my lordes grace dreamt one thing, and the contrary came to passe, writers vppon exposicion of dreams, and specially Artemi­dorus, do make .ii. special kind of dreams,Li. i. ca. ii. the one Speculati­ue, whereby we see thinges the nexte daye after (for the moste parte) muche lyke as wee sawe them in dream: thother Allego­ryke, whiche warneth vs as it were by ridddell of thynges more then a day at the least, af­ter to come. And in these Alle­goryke dreams he saith, y^e head betokeneth the father, the foote the seruaunt, the righthand signifieth the mother, the lefte the wyfe,Li. ii. cap i. lxv. and so furth. And somty­me one contrary is ment by an [Page] other, as to seme for some cause to wepe or be sory, is a tokē of gladnes to come, and agayn to ioy muche is a signe of care,Li. iii. cap. xxvii. Li. iiii. ca. iii. to se foule water commynge into the house, a signe to se the hou­se burning, Apollonides a sur­gion thought he went out and wounded many, and sone after he healed many. Of which sort of dreames, thys of my lordes grace was, that shewed he had done nothynge, and signified (as we maye nowe be holde to conster) he should do so much, as were skant possible to doo more. Howbeit as I wolde ha­ue no man so muche to note & esteme dreams, as to thike ther are none vayn, but al significatiue, a thing in dede, both fōdly superstitious & against y^e mind [Page] of God vttred in the olde law,Deut. xviii So woulde I haue no man so much to cōtēne thē, as to thinke we can at no tyme bee warned by thē, a thinge also both of to much incredulite, & against the promis of God, rehersed in the new law by Peter out of y^e pro­phet Iohel:Act. ii. Iohel. ii. But least with my dreames I bring you a stepe, I shal here leaue them, & begin to March with the armie.

Sundaye the iiii. of Septē ­ber.My lordes grace came from out of the toune, & the army reised from out of the campe. And after disposicion of order y^t syr Fraūces Bryan, the Capitain of lightt, orlinen with a .iiii. C. of his bāde should tende to the skout a mile or .ii. before. The cariages to kepe a long by the sea coaste, And the mē of armes [Page] & dimilaūces diuided in to .iii. tropes, aūswering the .iii. war­des, so to ryde in array directly against the cariages a .ii. flight shot a sunder frō thē. Our thre battails kept order in pace be­twene thē both. The foreward foremost, the battaile in y^e mid­dest, & y^e rerewarde hindermost eche warde his troop of horsmē & garde of ordinaūce, & eche pe­ce of ordinaūce, his aide of Pioners for amendement of ways where nede shoulde be founde. We marched a .vi. mile, & cam­ped by a village called Roston in the Baronrie of Bonkēdale.

We marched an .viii. mile til we came to a place called y^e Pe­aths,Mundaye the v. of Septem­ber. It is a valey,The Peaths. rūning frō a .vi. mile West, straight East­warde and toward the sea a .xx [Page] a .xx. skore brode from banke to banke aboue, and a .v. skore in the bottom, wherein runnes a litle riuer: So stepe be these bākes on eyther syde and depe to the bottom, that who goeth straight doune shalbe in daun­ger of tumbling, & the commer vp so sure of puffyng & payne, for remedie wherof the trauai­lers that way haue vsed to pas it, not by going directly, but by paths & footways leading sto­pewise, of the number of which paths, they call it (somwhat ni­cely in dede) y^e Peaths. A Bru­te a day or .ii. before was spred emong vs that hereat y^e Scot­tes were very busy a working, & how here we should be stayde & met withal by thē, wherunto I harde my lordes grace vow, [Page] y^t he wold put it in profe, for he wolde not step one foote out of his course appointed. At oure comming, we found all in good peace, howbeit the syde wayes on either side most vsed for eas were crost and cut of in many places with the castyng of tra­uers trenches, not very depe in dede, and rather somwhat hin­deryng then vtterly letting, for whither it were more by polle­cie or diligence (as I am sure neyther of bothe did want) the ways by y^e Pioners were sone so well plained, that our army, caryage and ordenaunce were quite set ouer sone after sun set and there as then we pight out campe. But while our armie was thus in passynge, my lor­des grace willynge to loose no [Page] tyme, and that the enemies as­wel by dede as by brute should know he was come, sent an He­raulde to summon, a Castell of George Douglash called Dū ­glas,Dunglas. y^t stode at the ende of the same valey nerer the sea, and a mile frō the place of our passa­ge. The Capitain therof Mat­thew Hume, a brothers son of the lord Humes vpō this sum­mons requyred to speake wyth my lordes grace, it was graū ­ted & he came. To whom ꝙ his grace, Since it cannot be, but y^t ye must be witting both of our cōmyng into these partes, & of our Proclamacion sent hyther before & proclaymed also since, and ye haue not yet cōmē to vs but kepe this hold thus, we ha­ue cause to take you as oure [Page] mere enemie. And therefore be ye at this choyse (for we wil ta­ke none auaūtage of your beīg here now) whither ye & your cō ­panie will render your holde & stonde body & goodes, at y^e or­der of oure will, or els to be set in it again as ye were, & we wil assay to wyn it as we can. The Capitayne beynge aboute this riddel brought in great doubt what aunswer well to make, & whyther best to do, at last stro­ken with the feare of crueltie y^t by stubbernes he shoulde well deserue, & moued agayne wyth the hope of mercy, that by sub­mission he might hap to haue, was content to render al at his graces pleasure, and therupon commaunded to fetche hys cō ­panye, retourned to the Castel. [Page] In the tyme of tariyng for fet­chyng his garde, we sawe oure ships with good gale and order fayre sayling into their Fryth,The Fryth. which is a great arme of y^e sea, and runneth Westwarde into their countrey aboue .iiii. mile. Upō this stādeth, Lieth, Blak nest, Sterlinge & sainct Ihōs Rode, and all the beste tounes els in the Southpart of Scot­lande. This Capitayn came & brought with him hys bāde to my lordes grace, which was of xxi. sober souldiours, al so ap­parayled and appoynted, that so God help me. (I will saye it for no praise) I neuer saw such a bunche of beggers come out of one house together in my ly­fe. The Capitayne and .vi. of the worshipfull of the cōpanye [Page] were stayed & commaundëd to the keping of y^e Prouost Marshal, more (hardly) to take Mū dais handsell, then for hope of auauntage: the residue were licenced to gea their gate▪ w^t this lesson, y^t if they were euer kno­wen to practyse or do ought a­gaynste the army, while it was in the countrey & therupon ta­kē, they should be sure to be hā ged. After this surrender, my lorde Ihon Gray, beyng Capi­tayn of a nūber (as for his ap­proued worthines right wel he mought) was appoīted to seaze & take possessiō of the maner w^t al & singular thappurtenaūces in & to thesame belōging, with whome (as it hapt) it was my chaūce to go thyther: the spoile was not rych sure, but of white [Page] bread, oten cakes, & Scottishe ale, wherof was indifferēt good store, & sone bestowed emōg my lordes souldiors accordingly, as for swordes, buklers, pykes pottes, panz, yarne, lynnē, hēpe & heaps of such baggage beside were skāt stopt for, & very liberally let alone, but yet sure it would haue rued any good huswiues hart, to haue beholden y^e great vnmerciful murder y^t our men made of y^e brood gees and good laīg hēnes y^t were slayn there y^t dai, which y^e wyues of y^e toune had pēd vp in holes in y^e stables & sellers of y^e castel eare we came. In this meane time my lordes grace appoīted, the house should be ouerthrowen, wherupō y^e Capitain of y^e Pio­ners w^t a .iii.C of his laborers were sent doun to it, whome he [Page] straight set a digging about y^e foūdaciō. In y^e toun of dūglas (the which we left vnspoyled & vnburnt) we vnderstode of y^e wi­ues (for their husbādes wer not at home) y^t it was George Douglash deuise & cost to cast these crosse trēches at y^e peaths, & stode hī in .iiii. Scottish .l'. which is as much ster. as.iiii. good english crounes of .v.s̄. a pece, a mete reward for such a worke.

Our Pioners were early at their worke again about y^e Ca­stel,Tuisdaye the vi. of Septē ­ber. whose walles were so thick & foūdaciō so depe, & ther to set vpon so craggy a plot, that it was not an easy matter sone to vnderdig them: Our army dis­lodged & marched on. In y^e wai we shuld go, a mile & a half frō Dūglas Northward, ther were ii. pyles or holdes, Thornton [Page] & Anderwike, set both on crag­gy foundacion and deuided a stones cast a sunder, by a depe gut wherein ran a litle Ryuer. Thornton belōged to the lorde Hume,Thornton. and was kepte then by one Tom Trotter, whereunto my lordes grace ouer night for summons sente Somerset hys Heraulde, towarde whome .iii. or .v. of this Capitayns prik­kers with their gaddes ready charged did righte hastely di­rect their course, but Trotter both honestly defended the He­raulde, & sharply rebuked hys men: and sayd for the summōs he woulde come speke with my lordes grace himself, notwith­stāding he came not, but strai­ght lokt vp a .xvi. poore soules like the souldiours of Dūglas [Page] fast within y^e house, toke y^e keys with him, & cōmaunding them they shoulde defende y^e house & tary within (as they coulde not get out) till his retorne, whiche should be on the morow w^t municiō & relief, he with his prik­kers prikt quite his ways. An­derwyke perteined to the lorde of Hābleton,Anderwyke. and was kept by hys sonne & heyre (whom of cu­stume they call the Master of Hābleton) & an .viii. more with hym,To be knowē that the Scot­tes call y^e son and heyre of euery lord the Master of y^e house and surname, wherof hys father is called lorde. gentlemen for the moste part as we harde say. My lor­des grace at his comming nye, sent vnto both these piles, whi­che vpon summōs refusing to rēder, were straighte assayled, Thornton by batrie of .iiii. of our great peces of ordinaūce & certain of syr Peeter Mewtus [Page] hakbutters to watch y^e loopho­les & wyndowes on all sydes, & Anderwyke by a sorte of the sa­me hakbutters alone, who soo well besturd thē, y^t whear these kepers had rāmed vp their ou­ter dores, cloyd & stopt vp their stayres within, & kept thēselfes a loft for defence of their house about the battilmētes, the hakbutters gat in & fyered thē vn­derneth: wherby beyng greatly trobled w^t smoke & smoother, & brought in desperaciō of defēce they called pitefully ouer their walles to my lordes grace for mercy, who, notwithstandinge their great obstinaci & thēsam­ple other of y^e enemies mought haue had by their punishmēt, of his noble generosite & by these wordes making half excuse for thē. Men may some tyme do y^t [Page] hastely in a gere, whereof after they mai soon repēt thē, did ta­ke thē to grace, & thearfore sent one straight to thē. But ere the messēger came, the hakbutters had gottē vp to thē and killed viii. of thē aloft, one lept ouer y^e walles, & runninge more then a furlōg after was staī w^tout in a water. All this while, at Thorn­ton, our assault & their defence was stoutly cōtinued, but well perceiuinge how on y^e tone side thei were batred, mined on y^e o­ther, kept in w^t hakbutters ro­unde about, & sum of our men w^tin also occupiyng al y^e house vnder thē (for ther had likewise shopt vp thēselfes in y^e highest of their house) & so to do nothīg inward or outward, neither by shotīg of base (wherof they had but one or .ij.) nor tumbling of [Page] stones (y^e thinges of their chefe anoyaunce) wherby thei might be able any while to resist oure powr, or saue thēselfs, thei pluct in a banner y^t afore they had set out in defyaūce, & put out ouer the walles▪ a whyte lynnē clout tyed on a stickes end, criyng al with one tune for mercy, but hauyng answer by the whole voice of y^e assaylers, thei were traytors & it was to late, thei plukt in their stick, & sticked vp y^e bā ­ner of defyaunce again, shot of hurled stones, & did what els they could, with great courage of their side & littel hurt of ours Yet then after, being assured by our ernesty, y^t we had vowed y^e wynning of their holde before our departure, & then, y^t ther obstinacie coulde deserue no lesse [Page] then death, pluct in their bāner once again, & cried vpō mercie, & beyng generally aunswered, nay nay loke neuer for it, for ye are erraūt traytors, then made they peticiō y^t if thei should ne­des die, yet that my lordes grace woulde be so good to thē as thei might be hāged, whearby they might sumwhat reconcile thēselfs to God warde, & not to dye in malice with so great daū ger of their soules:A pollecy of warre. A pollecie sure in my mind, though but of grose heddes, yet of a fyne deuise. Syr Miles Partrich being nie about thys pile at y^e tyme & spiyng one in a red doblet, dydges, he shuld be an Englishmā & therfore cam & furthered this peticiō to my lordes grace y^e rather, which then toke effect, thei [Page] came & hūbled thēselfes to hys grace, whearupō without more hurt they wear but cōmaunded to the Prouost Marshal.My lordes graces pitee. It is sūwhat here to cōsider, I know not whither the destenie or hap of mās life: The more woorthy men, y^e les offēders & more in y^e iudges grace wear slayne & the beggers, the obstinate rebelles y^t deserued nought but crueltie wear saued. To saye on now, y^e house was soon after so blowē with pouder, y^t more then y^e one half fell straight doune to ru­brish & dust, the rest stood al to be shaken w^t riftes & chynkes. Anderwyke was burned, & al y^e houses of office and stakkes of corne about them both. While this was thus in hāde, my lor­des grace in turning but about [Page] sawe the fal of Dūglas, which likewise was undermined and blowen with pouder.

This doon, about noon we marched on passinge soon after w^tin y^e gūshot of Dūbar, a toun stōding lōgwise vpō y^e seasyde whearat is a castel (whiche the Scottes coūt very strōg) y^e sent vs diuers shottes as we passed but al in veyn: their horsmē showed thēselfs in their feldes be­syde vs, toward whom Barte­uile with hys .viii▪ mē all hak­butters on horsbak (whome he had right wel appoīted) & Ihō de Rybaud, with diuers other did make, but no hurt on ney­ther side, sauing y^te a mā of Barteuiles slew one of thē with his pece, y^e skirmish was soon ēded. We wēt a iiii. mile further, & hauing [Page] [...] [Page] [...] [Page] trauayled y^t day a .x. mile, we cāped nigh Cātallō, & had at night a blynde alarme.

Here had we first aduertise­ment certein, that the Scottes wear assembled in campe at the place whear we found them.

Wednesdaye the .vii. of September.¶ Marching this mornīg a.ij mile, we came to a fayre Ryuer callen Lyn rūning all straight eastwarde toward the sea, ouer this Riuer is ther a stone brid­ge y^t they name Lyntō brig, of a toun therby on our righthād & eastward as we went y^t stōds vpō thesame Ryuer, Our hors­men & cariages past through y^e water, (for it was not very de­pe) our footmē ouer the bridge. The passage was very straight for an army, & therfore y^e lēgar in settīg ouer. Beyōd this brid­ge [Page] about a mile Westward (for some thought as then we tur­ned) vpon this same Ryuer on the Southsyde stondes a pro­per house and of sum strengthe bylyke, they call it hayles Ca­stell,Hayles castel. and perteyneth to the erle Bothwel, but kept as then by y^e gouernours appoyntmēt, who hylde the erle in pryson. Aboue the Southsyde of thys Castell lyeth a long hil, Eeast & West, whearuppon did appere in di­uers plumpes about .iii.C. of their prickers, sum makynge towarde the passage too lye in wayt ther to take vp straglers and cut of y^e tayle of our hoste. My lordes grace, and my lord Lieutenaunt, against the Ca­stell vpon an hill ouer whiche we should passe, did stay a whi­le, [Page] aswel for the armie that was not all cum, as alsoo too see a skyrmish that sum of these pric­kers by cūming ouer the Riuer toward vs began to make, but did not mainteine. Whearupō our foreward marching softly afore, hys grace then tooke his way after, at whome, out of the Castell thear wear roūdly shot of (but without hurt) vi. or .vii. peces, the whiche before that, thoughe sum of oure men had bene very nye, yet kept they all coouert. In this mean time did thear aryse a very thicke mist, My lord the erle of Warwyke then lorde Lieutenaunt (as I tolde you) of the armie, did so nobly quite himself vpō an ad­uenture that chaunced then to fal, as that his accustumed va­liaunce [Page] might wel be acknow­ledged, whearby first, and first of all men (a litle, but not with­out purpose now to digres) be­ynge lorde Lieutenaūt of Bul­leyn next after it was wun, beaten on al sydes, weak without, yll harbour within, and (nowe to say trouth, for the daūger is past) skante tenable as it was, did so valiauntly defende it a­gaynst the Dolphyn then and all hys power, that as I remē ­bre was reconed a .lii.M. Of whome in a camisado then, as they had slayn many of our mē & wun the base toun, his lorde­ship killed aboue viii.C coūted of the best souldiors in al Fraū ce, draue the rest away, & reco­uered the toun frō them again. And the next yere after, occupi­yng [Page] his office of lord Admiral vpon the sea in person himself, what tyme the greate fleete of Fraunce with all their Galleys (which was no smal pour) cam to inuade our costes, he profre­red battaile vnto the Frenche Admiral & all his nauie, which fight (I will not saye howe co­wardly) he vtterly refused, hys lordship repeiled their force & made thē fame to flie bak agaī home with all their bragges & cost in vain. And thesame yere, but with a .vii.M. (wherof not v.M. lōded) mawgre all Fraū ­ce he burnt Treaport & diuers villages thear besyde, returned to ship again with y^e los, but of one Dauid Googan & no mo. And the yere than next. M, D.xlvi. after his diligence so well [Page] shewed amōg the rest of the cō ­missioners, y^t an honorable and frēdly peace was cōcluded be­twene Fraūce & vs, his lordship was sent ouer by our late soue­rain lord, to receiue y^e oth of the late Frēch king for cōfirmaciō of the same peace. In which iorney, how nobly he did aduaūce his port for the kynges Maie­sties honour & estimaciō of the realme (& yet not aboue his de­gre) all mē y^t sawe it, will easly confesse with me, that it was to much then, to be shewed in few woordes here. Uery few thin­ges els (to say truth) that haue bene ony wher in these warres agaīst the enemie eyther nobly attempted or valiauntly ache­ued, whearin his lordship hath not bene, eyther the first ther in [Page] office, or one of the foremost in daunger. That if it fel so fete for my purpose to speake of his lordships honour at home, as it hath doon sumwhat to touch his proowes abrode, I coulde sure for commēdacion thearof moue my self matter, wherin I wear able to sai rather liberal­ly much, then skarcely inough: but omittīg that thearfore, & to turne to my tale agaī, his lord­ship regarding the daūger our rerewarde was in by reason of disorder, caused at this passage by the thicknes of this mist, & nienes of the enemies, himselfe skant with a .xvi. horse (wherof Barteuile & Ihon de Ribaude wear .ii: vii. or .viii. light horse­men mo, & the reste, of his own seruauntes) returned towarde [Page] the passage to see to the arraye agayne. The Scottes percey­uyng our horsemē to haue past on before, & thinkīg (as y^e truth was) that sum Capitain of ho­nour did stay for the lookynge to the order of thys rerewarde: kepinge the Southsyde of the Ryuer, did call ouer to sum of our mē to knowe, whither ther wear ony noble man nie thear: they wear askt why they askt, one of thē aunswered y^t he was such a mā (whose name our mē knew to bee honorable among thē) & woold cum in to my lor­des grace, so that he mought be sure to cum in safetie: our yoōg souldiours nothing suspecting their aunciēt falshed, tolde him y^t my lorde Lieutenaūt the erle of Warwyke was nie thear, by [Page] whose tuiciō he shuld be safely broughte to my lordes graces presence, thei had cund their lesson, & fel to their practise, which was this, hauing cūmē ouer y^e water, in the way as my lorde should passe, they had couched behinde a hillok about a .ii.C. of their prickers, a .xl. had they sent besyde, to search whear my lord was, whom whē thei foūd part of them prickt very nie. & these agayne a .x. or .xii. of my lordes small cōpanie did bold­ly encoūter & draue thē wellnie home to their ambush, fliynge perchaūce not so much for fear of their force as for falshod to trap thē: But hereby enformed y^t my lord was so nie, they sent out a bigger nūber, & kept the rest more secret, vpon this pur­pose [Page] that they might eyther by a playn onset haue distrest him or els that not preuaylinge, by feyning of flight to haue tray­ned him into their ambushe, & thus instruct they cam prickīg toward hys lordshippe a pace, why (ꝙ he) & wil not these kna­ues be ruled? geue my staff, the which then with so valiaunt a corage, he charged at one (as it was thought) Dādy Car a Capitayn among thē y^t he did not onely cōpel Car to turne, & him self chased him aboue .xii. skore together, all y^e way at the spear point, so y^t if Carres horse had not ben exceding good & wight his lordship had surely rū him thrugh in this race, but also w^t his litle bande caused all y^e rest to flee a main. After whom then [Page] as Henry Uane, a gentlemā of my lordes & one of this cōpany did fiersly pursue, foure or .v. scottes sodēly turned & set vpō him, & though thei did not all­together skape his hādes free, yet by hewyng & māgling hys hed, body & many places els, they did so cruelly entreat him, as if reskue had not cum y^e soo­ner: thei had slaī him out right, but saued as he was, I dare be bolde to sai, many a .M. in war & els whear haue dyed w^t les, then half y^e les hurt. Here was Barteuile run at sydeling and hurt in the buttok, & one of our men slayn. Of Scottes again, none slaī but .iii. takē, whearof one was Richarde Maxwell & hurt in the thigh: who had bene long in Englōd not lōg before & had receyued right many be­nefites, [Page] (as I harde himself cō ­fesse) both of y^e late kinges Maiestie & of my lord Lieutenaūt, & of many other nobles & gētle­men in y^e court beside: & thear­fore for his ingratitude & tray­terous vntruth threatened too be hāged: But as otherwise he had a great dele to much more then he deserued, so had he here sumwhat to litle, for how my lordes grace bestowed hym I wot not, but hanged in dede he was not. To make my tale per fit it is certeinly thought, y^t if my lorde Lieutenaunt had not thus valiaūtly encountred thē ear thei coulde haue warned their ambushe, how weakly he was warded, he had bene beset roūd about by thē, ear euer he could haue bene ware of thē or reskued of vs: wher now here­by [Page] his Lordeship shewed hys woōted woorthines, saued hys cūpanie & discōfited y^e enemie. Soon after he ouertooke my lord Protectour, being as then set at dyner, to whom he presented these prisoners & recounted hys aduētures, whose grace in the mean tune had hapt vpō a fellowe lyke a man, but I wot not of what sorte, smal of stature, red hedded, curld rounde a­bout & shedded afore, of a .xl. yere old, & calde himself Knoc­kes. To say sumwhat of his hauour, his cote was of y^e coulor of a wel burnt brik (I meā not blak) & wel worth. xx.d.a brode yarde, it was pretely fresed, half w^t an ado & hēmed roūd about very sutably with pasmaī lace of grene caddis, me thought he represented y^e state of a sūner in [Page] sum citee or of a pedler in sum boorowe, how far so euer he had trauayled that day he had not a whit fyled his bootes for he had none on, harmles bily­ke, for he ware no weapon, he rode on a trottynge tyt well woorth a coople of shillynges, the loss whereof at his takyng he toke very heuely, yet did my lordes grace caus him to be set on a better. I take his learning was but smal but his vttraun­ce was greate sure, for he neuer lind babeling, very moyst mouthed and somewhat of nature disposed to slauer, and therfore fain (without a napkin to wype hys lyppes) to suppe at euery woord, sum said it was no faut in the man, but the maner of the cuntree, in dede they haue [Page] many moyst mystes thear, no lak of audacity nor store of wit, for beynge taken & brought in for a spie & posed in that pointe whyther he went, neither by the honestie of hys erraunde, nor goodnes of his wit, was he a­ble to make ony lykely excuse, the tenoure of his talke so tem­pred thoorow out, and the most of hys matter so indifferently mingled, as (yf they make hym not bothe) it was harde for any theare to iudge, whether they might rather counte hym a fo­lish knaue or a knauishe foole, at whome my lordes grace and other had right good sport. As Barteuile that day had righte honestly serued, so did y^e lordes righte honorably quite yt, for straight vpon the ouertakynge [Page] of my lordes grace, my Lorde Lieutenaunt did get him a sur­gion, & drest he was, straight after layde and conueyed in my lordes graces own chariot, that was both right sumptuous for cost and casy for caryage. The rest y^t wear hurt, wear here all so drest Scottes & oother. [...]e had marched that day a ix. mile and camped at night by a toun standyng vpon the Fryth, & called Lang Nuddrey. Here [...]e foūd a gētle woomā (some sayd a ladye) the wyfe of one hugh Douglas, she was greate with child, & in a house others, thear abode her good tyme of deliue­raunce, & had w^t her an aūcient gētle woomā her mother, a mid wyfe & a daughter: whose esta­te y^e counsail vnderstāding, my [Page] lordes grace & my lord Lieute­naunt took order that al night without daunger or domage she was well preserued, but so­ne after our departure in the morenynge, I harde, that sum of our northerne prickers had visited her, not muche for her profit▪ nor al for their honesties y^t had they then bene caught w^t their kindnes, thei should haue bene sure of thākes accordyng▪ good people be they, but geuen much (as thei say) to the spoyle.

Thursdaye y^e viii. of septē ­ber, beynge, our lady day.¶This morning in y^e time of our dislodgīg, sign was made to sum of our ships (whereof y^e moste parte & chefest lay a .x. or xii. mile in the Fryth beyōd vs ouer againste Lyeth & Edinbo­rowe) y^t y^e lord Admiral should cum a shore to speake with my [Page] lordes grace. In y^e meane tyme sumwhat early, as our galley was cūming toward vs, about a mile & more beyond our cāpe the Scots wear very busy a waftynge her a shore towarde them with a banner of Sainct George that they had: but my Lorde Lieutenaunt soon disa­pointed y^e pollicie, for makyng towarde that place wheare my Lord Admirall shoulde londe, oure men on the water by the sighte of hys presence dyd soon discerne their frendes frō their foes. By and by then my lorde Clynton the Admirall came to londe, Who with my Lorde Lieutenaunte rode back to my lordes grace, among whom or­der was taken, that our greate ships should remooue from be­fore [Page] Lyeth, & lye before Mus­kelborowe and their camp, and oure smaller vessels that wear vitaillers to lye nerer vs. This thus apointed, my lorde Admi­rall rode back to take the water agayne. And as our armie had marched onwarde a mile or .ii. thear appered vpon a hill that lay longwise east & west, & on y^e southsyde of vs, vpō a vi. hun­dred of their horsmen prickers, whearof sum within a .ii. flight­shot directly againste vs vpon the same hill, and most further of, towarde these ouer a small bridge (for thear rāne a litle ri­uer also bi vs) very hardely did ride about a dooseī of our hak­butters on horsback, and helde them at bay so me to their noses y^t whether it wear by the good­nes [Page] of our mē or badnes of thē, the Scottes did not onely not cum doune to them, but also very curteisiy gaue place & fled to their fellowes: & yet I know they lack no hartes, but thei cā ­not so well away w^t these crak­kes. Our armie went on, but so much the slowlyer, because our way was sumwhat narowe, by meanes of the Fryth on the to­nesyde and certain marishes so nie on y^e toother. The Scottes kepte alwayes pace w^t vs vpō their hill, and shewed themsel­fes vpon sundry bruntes, very cranke & brag, at whom as our captains did loke to y^e ordryng and arraiyng again of the bat­tailes, my lord protectors gra­ce appointed .ii. feld peces to be turned, eche pece shot of twyse, [Page] wherof one Gold y^t master gū ­ner thear discharged the tone & did so wel direct it, y^t at his for­mer shot he strook of y^e leg of a black horse, right fair and as it was thought y^e best in y^e cōpa­ny, & at his next shot he kyld a man: hereby, rather sumwhat calmed then fully content, thei went theyr wayes & we saw no more of thē til y^e time of our cā ­pyng, & then shewed thei thēsel­ues very lordly aloft vpō thys hill againe oueragainst vs, as though they stood there to take viewe of our campyng & mou­ster of our men. My lord Mar­shall myndyng to knowe theyr cōmissiō did make towarde thē with a band of horsmē, but they went wisely their way & would neuer abyde y^e reasoning of the [Page] matter. In the way as we came not far from this place, George Ferrers a gentlemā of my lord Protectors & one of y^e cōmissio­ners of y^e cariages in this army, happened vpon a caue in the ground, y^e mouth whereof was so worne with y^e fresh printe of steps, y^t he semed to be certayne thear wear sum folke within, & gone doune to trie, he was redi­ly receyued w^t a hakebut or .ii. He left them not yet, till he had knowen whyther thei would be cōtēt to yelde & cum out, which they fondly refusyng, he wente to my lordes grace, and vpon vttraunce of the thyng gat li­sence to deale with them as he coulde, and so returned to them with a skore or two of pioners. Three ventes had their caue y^t [Page] we wear wareof wherof he first stopt vp on, anoother he fild ful of strawe and set it a fyer, whe­arat they within caste water a pace, but it was so well mayn­teyned without that y^e fyre pre­uailed, and thei fayn within, to get them belyke into anoother parler. Then deuised we (for I hapte to be with hym) to stop y^e same vp, whearby we should eyther smoother them or fynde out their ventes if thei had any mo: as this was doō, at another issue aboute a .xii. skore of, wee moughte see the fume of our smoke to cum oute, the whiche continued with so great a force & so long a while that we could not but thinke they must nedes get them out or smoother with­in, and forasmuch as we found [Page] not that they dyd the tone, we thought it for certain thei wear sure or the toother, wee had doō that wee came for, and so lefte them.

¶By this time our ships ta­kynge manerly their leaue of Lyeth wyth a skore of shot or more, and as they came by, sa­lutyng y^e Scottes in their cāpe also with as many, cam & laye accordynge to appoyntmente. We had gone this day about a v. mile, & cāped towarde night nye a toune they call salte, Pre­ston by y^e Fryth. Here one Charletō, a man before time banisht out of England, & continuyng all the while in Scotlande, came in and submitted himselfe to my lordes grace, who took hym to mercie.

[Page] Fryday y^e .ix. of september.¶This dai is markt in y^e kal­lender with the name of saincte Gorgon, no famous saint sure, but eyther so obscure that no man knowes him, or els so aunciente as euery man forgettes him. Yet wear it both pitee and blame that he shoulde lose hys estimacion amonge vs. And methinkes oute of that litle that I haue red, I coulde somewhat saye to bryng hym to lighte a­gayne, but then am in doubte, what to make of hym, a he saint a she sainte or a neuter (for we haue all in oure Kallendar.) Of the male and female sayn­tes, euery leafe thear showthe samples inowe. And as for the neuter, they or rather I wot vnmarked thē vnknowē, as sainct Christmas, s. Cādelmas, sainct [Page] Easter, Sainct Whitsontide & swete sainct Sunday y^t cums ones a weke. Touchynge my doubte nowe: If the day beare name in y^e woorship & memo­rie of hym whome the preacher Horace doth mēcion in his first booke of sermons by these wordes Pastillos Rufillus olet, Satyr. ii. Phorcꝰ king of y^e Iles Corsica & Sardi­nia had foure daughters, Scylla, Me­dusa, Stenio & Euriale cal­led Gorgons, of whome as Neptune had rauished Me­dusa Gorgon in y^e temple of Pallas: This Goddes for displeasure of the fact chaū ­ged al y^e heare of her hed in­to snakes and adders, & gaue her a further gyft y^t who so euer sawe her should be tur­ned straighte into stone, Perseus co­ueityng to kil this monster borowed of Mercurie his wyngs and faulchion and strooke of her hed as she slepte & brou­ght it w^t hym, which Pallas dyd after set in her shelde & it had the same pour still af­ter as it had whyle she ly­ued. Gor­gonius hircum. then may we be bold to beleue it was a he saīct, but yet a very sloouen saynt & belyke a nesty. If this name were Kallendred of Medusa Gorgon that had the heare of her hed tourned into adders, whome Perseus ouercame and kylde, as doctour Ouide declares in his .iiii. booke of chaun­ges Gorgonis anguicomae Per­seus superator, then maye we be sure it was a she saynte. But yf [Page] it wear in y^e honour of Pallas shelde whearin thys Medusa Gorgōs hed was grauē, as Titus Stroz. pr̄. Aeolo .iiii. Stroza (a deuout doc­tour to, but of later daies) doth say, Gorgonis anguicomae caela­tos aegide vultus, Pallas habet. Then was it neyther a he nor a she but a playne neuter saynte. And thus with y^e aunciente au­thoritie of mere poeticall scrip­tures, my conscience is so con­founded, as I wot not in the worlde what saynte to make of hym.Iacob de voragine Iames of the synkhole (sauyng your reuerence) a trier forsooth that wrote the Legen­daurie, telleth me a very pre­posterous order in good cooke­rie, of one Legend. autea cap. cxxviii. Gorgō & his fellow Dorotheus, that wear first sau­ced with vineger and salt, and [Page] after y^e then broiled on a girdy­rō. But to be playn (as it is best for a man to be w^t his frēdes) he hath farced hys boke so full of lyes, y^t it is quite out of credite in al honest cōpany. And for my part, I am half a shamed to say y^t I saw it, but synce it is sayd, & sumwhat to tell you what that I sawe,Thom. Cā ­tuar. ca. xi. Lupus. ca. cxxiii. Petr. exor­cist. cap. lxxiiii. Thaismere trix. cap. cxlvii. he makes me Thomas the traytour, Lupus y^e Lechour Peter the knaue (yf I may call a cōiurer so) & Thais the hoor all to be hye & holye sainctes in heauē, & y^t w^t such prodigal im­pudēcie & so shameles liyng as I may safely thinke he had ey­ther a Bul to make sainctes of diuels, or els a placarde to play the knaue as he list. But as for Gorgon, be he as he be may, yt makes no great matter, for he [Page] shal haue my hart while he stō ­des in y^e kallender, he hath bene euer so lucky. But what saynte so euer he bee, he is sure no Scottes mans frend, but a ve­ry angry sainte towarde them, for vpon hys daye .xxxiiii. yere paste, they had a greate ouer­throwe by vs at Floddom feld, and their kyng Iamy y^e fourth slayn, and thearfore is this day not smally markt among them. To tell our aduentures that befell now vpon it, I thin­ke it very mete that fyrste I aduertise, how here as we lay, our campe and theirs wear ey­ther within the sight & viewe of oothers, & indistaūce (as I gest) a .ii. myle & litle more a sunder, we had the Fryth on the north, & this hil last remembred as I [Page] sayd on the south (the west ende Whereof is called Fauxsyde Bray,Fauxsyde Bray. whereupon stādeth a so­ry castell and half a skore hou­ses of lyke woorthines by yt.) And had westward before vs, the liyng in campe. A long this hill (beinge aboute a mile from vs) were they very bisy pran­kyng vp and doune all the mo­tenyng, and fayne would haue bene a counsayll with the doin­ges of our campe. We agayne because their armie semed to sit to receyue vs, dyd diligentely prepare that we might soon go to them, and therefore kept our campe all that daye, my lordes grace and the counsaill sittyng in cōsultacion, y^e captains & of­ficers prouidyng their bandes, store of vitaile, & furniture of [Page] weapon, for furtheraunce whe­arof our vessels of municiō and vitailes wear here all redy co­me to the shore. The Scottes continued their brauerie on the hill, the whiche we not being so well able to beare, made oute a band of light horsmē & a troop of dimilaunces to back thē: our men gat vp on the hill & therby of euen ground with y^e enemye, rode straight towarde them w^t good spede and order. Whome at y^e first y^e Scottes did boldly countenaunce & abyde, but af­ter when their perceyued y^t our men woulde nedes cum on, thei began to pricke and would fayn haue begon ear they had tolde their erraund: but our mē hasted so spedely after, that euē straight thei wear at their elbo­wes, [Page] and did so stoutly then be­stur them, that what in y^e onset at the first and after in y^e chase (which lasted a .iii. mile, wellny to as far as the furthest of their campe on y^e southsyde) they had kylde of the Scottes within a iii. houres, abooue y^e number of xiii.C. & takē y^e master of Hume y^e lord Humes sun and heyr .ii. prestes & vi. gentlemē: whearof one (I remēber) by syr Iaques Granado, and all vpon y^e hyest & well me niest of y^e hill toward them, within the full sight of their hole campe. Of oure syde agayne one spanish hakbutter hurt, and taken Sir Rafe Bullmer knyght, Thomas Gower Marshal of Berwyke, and Robart Crouch: all Cap­tains [Page] of seuerall bandes of our lighthorsmen, and men of right good coorage & approued ser­uice, & at this tyme distrest by their awne forwardnes, & not by the enemies force.

¶After this skirmish it was marueiled on their syde that we vsed so much crueltie, & douted on ours that wee had kylde so many. Their marueyle was aunswered that they had pict y^e quarell first them selues, & she­wed vs a presidente at paniarhough, wher of late yeres w^tout any mercie, they slewe the lorde Euers & a greate cumpenie w^t hym, & our dout was clered by the witnes of their oun selues, who confessed that thear wear ii. made out of their cāpe .xv.C horsmē for skirmish & .v.C. foot [Page] men to lye close in ambush and be redy at nede, and of all these for certain, not .vii. hūdred to retourne home.

After this skirmish also hard we,The lord Hu­me hurt. that the lorde hume him self for hast in this flight had a fall from his horse, and burst so the canell bone of his neck, that he was fayn to be caryed straight to Edenborowe, and was not a litle despayred of life.

Then also my lordes grace, my lorde Lieutenaunte & other of the counsel, but with a small garde, vpō this Fauxsyd Bray where the slaughter (as I said) was made, aboute halfe a myle southeast from them, dyd take full viewe of their campe, whe­reof the tentes as I noted then, were deuided in to .iiii. seuerall [Page] orders and rewes liynge east & west and a prikshot a sunder, & moustred not vnlyke (as thou­ght me) vnto four great ridges of rype barly.The Scottes campe. The plot whear they lay so chosen for strength, as in all their cuntrey sum thought not a better: safe on the south by a greate marysh, and on the north by the Fryth, whiche syde also they fenced with .ii. felde peces and certeyn hakbuts a crok liynge vnder a turf wal: Edēborowe on y^e west at their backes, & eastward be­twene vs and them, strongly defended by the course of a Ry­uer called Eske runnyng north in to the Fryth: whiche as yt was not very depe of water, so wear the bankes of it so hie and stepe after y^e maner of y^e Peaths [Page] mencioned before in our mun­dais iourney, as a small sort of resistauntes might haue bene able to kepe doun a great number of cummers vp. Aboute a xii. skore of from y^e Fryth, ouer the same Ryuer is thear a stone bridge whiche thei did kepe al­so, wel warded w^t ordinaunce. Frō this hil of Fauxsyde Bray descended my lordes grace my lord Lieutenaunt and thoother along before their cāpe w^tin les then ii. flightshottes into a lane or strete of a .xxx. foot brode, fenced on eyther syde w^t a wall of turf an elle of height: whiche wey dyd lead straigth north­warde and nie to a church cal­led saint Mighels of Undreske stondynge vpon a mean risyng hill sumwhat higher then the [Page] site of their campe. Thus this viewed, they toke their returne directly homewarde to our tē ­tes, at whom in y^e way y^e Scot­tes did often shoot, but with al their shot and of all our cumpenie they kylde but one horse in y^e midst of .iii. without ony hurt of the rider.

[...]¶ And as my lordes grace was passed well nie half y^e way homeward, a Scottish herauld with a cote of hys princes ar­mes vpō him (as the maner is) and with him a trumpetour did ouertake his grace, we thought vpon sum message and thear­fore euery mā gaue them place to cum & saye their erraundes, which as I mought ges (part­ly by the aunswers as followe) wear these,The heraul­des message. or to this effect. The [Page] heraulde first, my lorde the Gouernor hath sēt me to your gra­ce to enquere of prisoners takē, and thear with to say, that for y^e pitee he hath of effusiō of Chri­sten bloude, whiche by battaile must nedes be shed, and bicause your grace hath not doen much hurt in the cuntree, he is con­tent ye shall returne as ye cam, and wil proffer your grace ho­nest condicions of peace. And then the trumpetour:The trumpe­tours erraūd. My lord my Master the earle of Hunt­ley, hath willed me to shewe your grace, y^t bicause this mat­ter may be y^e sooner ended & w^t les hurt, he wil fight with your grace for the hole quarell .xx. to xx.x. to .x. or els hymselfe alone with your grace man to man. My lordes grace hauyng kept [Page] with him my lord Lieutenaunt had harde them both thrughly, and then in aunsweryng spake sumwhat w^t lowder voice, thē they had doon their messages. whear vpon wee that wear the ryders by, thynkyng his grace woulde haue it no secret, wear sumwhat the bolder to cum the nigher. The woordes whearof (as semed me) wear vttred so expeditely with honour and so honourable with expedicion, as I was for my part much moo­ued then to dout, whyther I mought rather note in them, y^e prōptnes of a singuler prudēce or y^e animositee of a noble coo­rage. And thei wear thus, your goouernour may knowe,My lordes graces aun­swers. To y^e herauld that y^e speciall cause of our cummyng hyther was not to fight, but for [Page] the thynge that shoulde be the weale of both vs and you, for God we take to recorde, wee mynd no more hurt to y^e Ream of Scotlande then we doo too the Ream of England, & thear­fore our quarel beyng so good, we truste God will prosper vs the better. But as for peace, he hath refused such condicions at our handes as we will neuer proffer again, and thearfore let hym look for none, til this wey we make it.

¶And thou Trumpet,To the trum­petour. say to thy Master, he semeth to lak wit to make this challenge to me, beynge of suche estate by the sufferaunce of GOD as haue so weighty a charge of so precious a iewel, the goouer­naunce of a kyngs parson, and [Page] then y^e protection of all his rea­mes, whearby in this case I haue no powr of my self, which yf I had, as I am true gentle­man it shoulde be the first Bargain I would make, but thear be a great sort here amonge vs his equals, to whom he mought haue made this challenge with out refusal, ꝙ my lord Lieute­naunt to them both, he sheweth his small wit to make challēge to my lords grace & he so mean, but yf his grace will geue me leaue I shall receiue it, & trum­pet bryng me worde thy master wil so doo, and thou shalt haue of me a .C. crownes. Nay quod my lordes grace, the erle hunt­ley is not mete in estate with you my lord. But heraulde, say to the gouernour and hym also [Page] that we haue bene a good seasō in this cūtrey,Sober, is the proper terme whearby the Scottes doo signifie smal, litle, easy, or slender. and ar here now but w^t a sobre cumpenie & they a greate number, & yf they will mete vs in felde they shalbe sa­tisfied with fightynge ynough. And heraulde, bryng me worde they wil so doo & by my honour I will geue y^e a thousand crou­nes. Ye haue a proude sorte a­monge you, but I truste to see their pride abated shortly & of y^e erle huntleys too, iwys his co­rage is knowē wel ynough but he is a glorious yoong gentle­man. This sayd, my lord Lieu­tenaunt cōtinued his requestes y^t he might receyue this challenge, but my lordes grace woulde in no wyse graunte too it, these messagers had their aunswers, and thear with leaue to depart.

[Page]¶ It is an auncient order in w [...]t, inuiolably obserued, that y^e herauldes & trumpetours at ony tyme vpon necessarie messages may freely pas too and fro betwene the enemies, without hurt or stay of ony, as priuile­ged with a certein immunitee & freedō of passage: Lykewise as duryng y^e time of ony such mes­sage, hostilitee on both sydes should vtterly ceas. The Scottes notwithstōding, what moo­ued them I knowe not, but sumwhat bisyde the rules of Stans puer ad mensam, shot, iii. or .iiii. shot at vs in the midst of this message dooīg but as hap was wyde inough. On y^e morowe after thei had their gunnes taken from them euery chone, & put into the hādes of them y^t coulde [Page] vse them more w^t good maner.

¶It becummeth not me I wot, apertly to tax their goo­uernour w^t y^e note of dissimulaciō: for how euer he be our ene­my, yet a mā of honorable esiat & woorthy (for ought I knowe) of the office he beares. Howbeit touchyng this message sent by the heraulde, to say as I thinke I am fully persuaded he neuer sent it either bicaus he thought it would be receyued by my lordes grace, whoos coorage of custume he knue to be suche that would neuer brook so much dishonour as to trauaile so far to returne in vain: or els y^t he mēt ony sparing or pitee of vs whō ī his hart he had al redy deuoured. But only to shewe a colour of kindnes, by y^e refusal whear­of [Page] he might firste in hys sighte the more iustely (as he shoulde lyst) vse extremitee against vs, and then vpō victorie triumph with more glorie. For asfor of victorie, he thought hymself no les sure, then he was sure he was willynge to fyght. That makes me in this case nowe to be so quite oute of doute, wear the causes whearof I was af­ter so certeinly enformed. And they were, firste his respecte of our onely strength (as he thou­ght) our horsmen, the which not so much vpon pollecie to make his men hardy agaynste vs, as for that he plainly so took it, he caused to be published in his hoste, that it was hooly but of very yoong men vnskilfull of the warres and easie to be delt [Page] with al. And thē his regarde to y^e number & place of our powr & his, y^e whiche indede wear far vnequall. And hereto his assu­red hope of .xii. galleys and .l. ships that alweys he lookt for to be sent out of Fraūce to cum in at our backes. He with hys hoste made themselues hereby so sure of the matter, that in the night of this day, they fel aforehande to plaiynge at dyce for certeine of our noble men and Captains of fame. For asfor al the rest they thought quite to dispatch, and wear of nothinge so mooch afeard, as least we woulde haue made awey out of the cuntrey ear they and wee had met, brutyng among them, that our ships the day before remooued from before Lyeth, [Page] but onely to take in our foot­men and caryage, to the entent our horsmen then, w^t more hast and its cumber might thence be able to hie them homeward: for the fear hearof also, appointed they this night to haue ge­uen vs a camisado in our cāpe as we lay, whearof euen then we hapt to haue an inkelyng, & thearfore late in y^e night entrenched our cariages and waggē ­boorowe had good skout with­out and sure watch within, so that yf they had kept point­ment (as what letted them I coulde not lerne) they shoulde neyther haue bene vnwelcum­med nor vnlooked for. Ye, the great fear thei had of our hasty departure made them so hasty as y^e next morowe (beyng y^e day [Page] of the battaile) so early to cum towarde vs out of their campe, agaynst whoom then though they sawe our horsmen redily to make, yet woold thei not thī ­ke, but that it was for a polle­cie to stay them while our foot­mē and cariage might fully be stowed a shipboorde. Meruai­lousmen, thei woold not beleue thear wear ony bees in y^e hyue, til thei cam out and stang them by the noses. They fared herein (yf I may cōpare great things to small & earnestie to game) li­ke as I haue wyst a good fel­lowe ear this, that hath cum to a dycyng boord very hastely thrustyng, for fear least all shoold be doon ear he could be­gin, and hath soon bene shred of [Page] al that euer he brought: but af­ter, when he hath cū tro y^e boord with his handes in his boosom & remembred thear was neuer a peny in his purse, he coulde quikly fynde, y^t y^e fondnes was not in tariynge to long but in cummyng to soon. We ar war­ned if we wear wise of these wit les brūtes by y^e commune pro­uerbe that saith: It is better sit still, then ryse vp and fall. But bylyke they knowe it not. In y^e night of this dai, my lords grace appoīted y^t early in y^e next morning part of our ordinaūce should be planted in the lane I spake of, vnder y^e turf wall next to their campe: & sum also to be set vpō the hil nie to Undreske church afore remēbred: & these to thentent we should with our [Page] shot caus them either hoolly to remooue their cāpe, or els much to anoy thē as thei lay. It was not y^e least part of our meaning also, hereby to wyn from them certein of their ordinaunce that lay nerest this church.

¶No great breach of order I trust, though here I reherse y^e thing, y^t not til after I harde touchynge the trūpetours mes­sage from the earle Huntley. Which was (as I harde y^e erle hym self say) that he neuer sent y^e same to my lordes grace, but George Douglas in his name: and this by him deuised, not so specially for ony challēge sake, as for that the messager should mayntein by mouth his talke to my lordes grace, whyle his eye wear rolling to toote & prie [Page] vpon the state of our campe, & whyther we wear pakkynge or no (as indede the fellowe had a very good coūtenaūce to make a spie.) But my lordes grace of custume not vsyng so redyly to admit ony kynde of enemie to cum so nie, had dispatched thē both with their aunswers (as I sayd) ear euer they cam within a mile of our campe. As I hapt soon after to reherse the excuse of the Earle and this drift of Douglas, a gentleman Skot that was prisoner and present, sware by the mis it was lyke inough for he kend George ful well, and sayd he was a mete man to pike whatels for oother men to fight for. To thentent I woolde shewe my good will to make all thyng as easy to the [Page] sense of the reder as my know­ledge coolde enstruct, and for­asmuch as the assaylee spetial­ly of our horsmen at the firste, their retyre agayn, and our last onset, pursuit, and slaugh­ter of the enemies, can not all be shewed well in one plot: I haue deuised and drawen, ac­cordynge to my cunnyng, three seuerall viewes of them, pla­ced in their order as folowe in the battayle. Whearin ar also oother tounes and places remembred, such as that tyme I thought mete to marke, and as my memorie could since call to mynde. No fyne portray­ture indede, nor yet ony exqui­site obseruaūce of geometricall dimēsiō, but yet neither so grose nor far from the truth I trust, [Page] but that thei may sarue for sumeas of vnderstandynge. But since the skantnes of roome wil not suffer me plainly & at lēgth to write thear euery places na­me, but thearfore am fayin in stede of a name to set vp a let­ter. The Reder must be cōtēt to learne his A.B.C. again, such as I haue thear deuised for the expoundyng of y^e same viewes. Thei that list to learne, I trust in this point will not much stik with me, considerynge also that Ignoratis Terminis, Aristot. ignoratur & ars. Yf thei know not my A.B. C. they cannot well knowe my matter: lyke as he that knowes not Raymūdes Alphabete shal neuer cum to the composicion of his quintessēce:In practica testi sui. ca. ii. what he shal doo though, sum practicioners [Page] doo dout. And mīding to inter­rupt y^e proces of the battaile y^e followeth with as fewe mean matters as I maye, I haue thought good, this hereto haue before written.

¶ This day morenyng sum­what before .viii. of the clok,Saturday y^e x. of septēber being y^e daye of y^e battaile. our campe dislodged, and our hoste marched straight toward the church of Undreske, aswell for entent to haue camped nie y^e same, as for placyng our orde­naunce & oother consideraciōs afore remēbred. The Scottes, I knowe not whither more for fear of our departynge or hope of our spoylynge, wear out of their campe cummyng toward vs, passed the Ryuer, gathered in array, and wellny at thys church ear we wear halfe wey [Page] to it. They had quite disapoin­ted our purpose, and this at the first was so straunge in our eys, that we coold not deuyse what to make of their meaning. And so much the straunger, as it was quite bysyde our expec­tacion or dout, that they woold euer forsake their strength to mete vs in felde. But we after vnderstood, that they dyd not onely thus purpose to doo, but also to haue assayled vs in our campe as we lay, yf we had not bene sturryng the tymelyer. And to thentent at this tyme, that aswell none of their soul­diours shoolde lurke behinde them in their campes, as also that none of their Captayns shoold be able to flee from their enterprise, they had first caused [Page] all their tentes to be let flat doū to the ground ear thei cam out, & then al that had horses aswel nobles as oother (fewe except) that were not horsmen appoin­ted, to leaue their horses behin­de them, & march on with theyr souldiours afoot. We cam on spedily a both sydes, neither as thento ony whit ware of others entent: but y^e Scots indede w^t a rounder pace: Betwent the ii. Hillockes betwixt vs and the church, thei moustred sumwhat brim in our eyes, at whoom, as they stayed thear a while, our galley shot of and slewe the Master of Greym with a fiue & twenty nere by him, and thear­with so skarred the .iiii. thou­sand Irish archers brought by the erle of Arguile, that whear [Page] (as it was sayd) they shoulde haue bene a wyng to the fore­warde, thei coold neuer after be made to cum forwarde. Hereu­pon dyd their armie hastely re­mooue & from thence declyning southwarde, took their direct wey towarde Fauxsyde Bray: Of this, sir Rafe Uane Lieute­naunt of all our horsmen (as I thinke of al mē he first did note it) quickly aduertised my lord: whoos grace thearby did redi­ly conceiue much of their mea­ning: which was to wyn of vs y^e hill, & thearby the wynde and y^e sun yf it had shyned, as it did not (for the weather was clou­dy & lowrīg) The gain of which iii. thynges whyther party, in fight of battaile can hap to ob­tein, hath his force doubled a­gainst [Page] his enemie. In all this enterprise, thei vsed for hafte so lytle the help of horse, that they pluct foorth their ordinaūce by draught of men, whiche at this tyme begā freely to shoot of to­ward vs: whearby we wear further warned they mēt more thē a skirmish. Here w^t began eue­ry man to be smittē with y^e care of his office & chardge, & thear­upō accordyngly to applie him about it: Hearwith began still ridyng too & fro, herewith a ge­nerall rumor & buzzing amoōg y^e souldiours, not vnlyke y^e nois of y^e sea beyng harde a far of: & herewith my lordes grace & the coūsel on horsbak as thei wear, fell straight in consultacion. The sharpnes of whoos circū ­spect wysedomes, as it quyckly [Page] spyed out the enemies entntes, so did it amoong other thinges prōptly prouide thearin to pre­uent them, (as nedefull it was, for the tyme askt no leasure.) Their deuise was this, that my lorde Gray with his bande of Bulleners & with my lord Protectours bāde & my Lord Lieutenauntes, al to y^e number of an xviii.C. horsmē on y^e east half: & sir Ra [...]e Uane w^t sir Thomas Darey captain of y^e pencioners & men of armes & my lord Fitz­waters w^t his bāde of dimilaū ­ces, all to y^e nūber also of a .xvi.C. to be redy & euē w^t my lorde Marshal on y^e west half, & thus all these toogether afore to en­coūter y^e enemies a frūt, whear­by either to break their array, & y^t wey weakē their powr by dis­order, [Page] or at y^e lest to stop them of their gate, & force them to stay while our forewarde might hoolly haue y^e hilles syde, & our battaile and Rerewarde be placed in groundes next that in order and best for aduauntage. And after this then; that y^e same our horsmen shoolde retyre vp the hilles syde to cum doun in order a fresh and infest them on both their sydes, whiles our battayles should occupie them in fight a frunt. The pollecie of this deuise for the state of y^e case, as it was to al y^t knue of it generally allowed to be y^e best y^e coold be, euen so also takē to be of no small daūger for my lord Marshall, sir Rafe Uane & oo­ther y^e assaylers, the which ne­uertheles I knowe not whither [Page] more nobly and wisely deuised of y^e counsell, or more valiaūtly and willingly executed of them for euen thear w^t good coorage takyng theyr leaues of y^e coun­sel, my lord Marshal requyrīg onely, that yf it went not well w^t him, my lordes grace would be good to his wyfe and chyl­drē, he said he would mete these Scottes: and so with their bandes these Captayns took theyr wey towarde the enemie. By this, wear our forewarde and theyrs within a .ii. flightshot a sunder: The Scottes hasted with so fast a pace, that it was thought of the most parte of vs, they wear rather hors­men then footmen. Our men again wear led y^e more w^t spede. The Master of the ordinaunce [Page] to our great aduaūtage pluct vp the hill then certeyn peces, and soon after planted .ii. or .iii canons of them, well nie vpon the top thear, whearby hauing so much the helpe of the hill, he might ouer oure mens heddes shoot nyest at the enemie. As my lordes grace had so circū ­spectly takē order for the array and station of the armie, & for thexecuciō of euery mās office beside: Euē as it is metest that hed to be highest, that shoolde wel look about for y^e safegarde of all the other membres and partes of the body, so did his grace (first perfitly appointed in fayre harneys) accompanied with no mo (as I noted) then with Syr Thomas Chaloner knight, one of the Clerkes of [Page] the kynges Maiesties priuie coūsaill) take hys way toward the heyth of the hyll to tary by the ordinaunce, whearas he mought both best suruey vs al and succour with ayde whear most he sawe nede, and also by hys presence be a defence to the thing y^t stood weakest in place and most in daūger, the which thearby how much it did stede, anon shall I shewe. As hys grace was halt vp the hill (my lord Leiutenaūt as it chaūced by hym) he was ware the ene­mies were all at a sodeyn stay and stood still a good while. The sighte and cause hereof was marueyllous too vs all, but understādable of none, my Lordes grace thought (as in dede the most lykely was) that [Page] the men had muche ouer shotte themselues and woolde fayne haue bene home again, & here­with sayd to this effect: These men surely wil cum no further, it wear mete to cast whear we shoolde campe, for peyn of my lyfe they will neuer fight. It had bene hardely, I wot not howe bad, but I am sure no good deuise for our pour to haue forsaken their groūde to as­saile them whearthey stood, so far from the hill, that we had wellnie wunne so hardly, and shoold kepe to so much aduaū tage. And in warfare allways, tymely prouision is counted great pollecie. Hereto his grace was sure that wee wear able, better and longer to kepe our hyll, then they their playne. [Page] Asfor fighting now, it mought be more then likely to who that cōsidered it, their courage was quite quayled, & thearfore had no will to cum ony further, but woold haue bene glad to haue bene whence they cam. Firste, because at that time, besyde the ful mouster of our foot men, of whoome they thought we had had none thear, but all to haue ben eyther shipt or a shipping: then they sawe playne that we wear sure to haue the gain of y^e hil, and they the ground of dis­aduauntage, out of their holde & put fro their hope. And here­to, for that their Herauld gaue my lordes grace no warning y^e whiche by him (if they had mēt to fight it out) whoo woold not haue presumed, that for the estimacion [Page] of their honour, they woold little stuck to haue sent, and he againe and it had bene but for his thousande Crounes woold haue bene right glad to haue brought? These be the cō sideracions that both then and since did persuade me, my lor­des grace had good cause too say thei woold not fight. How­beit, hereunto if I wist & disclosed but half as muche now, as (I am sure) of circumspeccion his grace knue then, I doo not dout, but I were able sufficiēt­ly to prooue, he might well be no les certeyn of y^t he had sayd, then ony man might bee of an vndoon dede: the which neuer­theles how true it was, y^e proof of the matter soon after did de­clare, which was, that y^e Scot­tes [Page] ran quite their way, & wold neuer tary stroke w^t oure foot­men, whear the fight on bothe sydes shold haue bene shewed. Notwithstondyng by thys ty­me consyderyng bylyke y^e state they stood in, that as they had left their strength to soon, soo now to be to late to repent, vpō a chaunge of countenaūce thei made hastely toward vs agaī, I knowe not (to sai truth) whi­ther more stoutly of courage or more strongely of order, me thoughte then I mighte noote bothe in their marche. But what after I lerned,The maner of the Scot­tish order in Battaile. specially touchyng their order, their ar­mour and their maner of fight aswell in goynge to offende as in standing to defende, I haue thought necessarie here to vt­ter. Hakbutters haue they few [Page] or none, & appoint theyr fight most commonly alwais a foot. They cum to the felde wel fur­nished all with Iak and skull, dagger, buckler, and swoordes all notably brode and thin, of excedinge good temper & vni­uersally so made to slyce, that as I neuer sawe none so good, so think I it harde to deuyse y^e better: hereto euery mā hys py­ke, & a great kercher wrapped twyse or thrise about his neck, not for colde but for cuttīg. In their aray toward y^e ioining w^t y^e enemie, they cling & thrust so nere in y^e foreranke shoulder to shoulder together, wyth their pykes in bothe handes stray­ght afore them and their follo­wers in that order soo harde at their backes, laiynge their pykes ouer theyr fooregoers [Page] shoulders, that if they doo as­saile vndisseuered, no force can well withstond thē. Standing at defēce, they thrust shoulders lykewise so nie together y^e forerākes wel nie to kneling stoop lowe before for their fellowes behynde, holdynge their pykes in both handes, and thearwith in their left their bucklers, the one ende of the pyke agaynste their right foot▪ thother agaīst the enemie brest hye, their followers crossing theyr pyke poin­tes with theim forewarde, and thus each with other so nye as place & space wil suffer, thrugh the hole warde so thick, that as easly shall a bare fynger perce thrugh the skyn of an angrie hedgehog, as ony encoūter the frunt of their pykes. My lord [Page] Marshall, notwithstondynge, whoom no daunger detracted from dooing his enterprise, w^t the cumpanie and order afore appointed, cam full in their fa­ces from y^e hilles syde towarde them. Herewith waxt it very hot on both sydes,The coun­tenaunce of warre. with piteful cryes, horrible rore and terri­ble thunderinge of gunnes be­syde, the day darkened abooue hed with smoke of shot, y^e sight and apparaunce of the enemye euen at hand before, the daūger of death on euery syde els, the bullettes, pellettes & arrowes fliyng each whear so thik, and so vncerteinly lightynge, that no whear was thear ony suerty of safety, euery man strooken with a dreadfull fear, not soo muche perchaunce of death as [Page] of hurt, which thinges, though they wear but certeyn to sum, yet douted of all, assured cruel­tie at the enemies hādes with­out hope of mercy, death to flye and daūger to fyght. The hole face of the felde on bothe sydes vpō this point of ioining both to the eye and to the ear, so hea­uy, so deadly, lamentable, furi­ous, outragious, terribly con­fuse, & so quite against y^e quiet nature of man: as if to our no­bilite the regard of their honor and fame, to the knightes & Capitaines, the estimaciō of their wurship and honestie: and ge­nerally to vs all, the naturall motion of bounden duetie, our oun safetie, hope of victorie, & the fauour of God that we tru­sted we had for y^e equite of our [Page] quarel, had not bene a more vē hemēt cause of courage, then y^e daūger of death was cause of feare, y^e very horrour of y^e thing had ben able to make ony mā to forget both prowes & pollecie. But my lord Marshal & the o­ther, with present mynde & cou­rage waerely and quikly continued their coorse towarde thē. And my lordes grace then at his place by thordinaūce aloft. The enemies were in a fallowe felde, wherof the furrowes lay sydelyng towarde our men, by the syde of thesame furrowes, next vs and a stones cast from them, was thear a crosdich or slough, which our mē must ne­des pas to cum to thē, whearin many that could not leap ouer stack fast, to no small daunger of theim selues and sum disor­der [Page] of their fellowes. The ene­mies perceiuing our men faste approche, disposed themselues to abyde the brunt, and in this order stood still to receyue thē. The erle of Anguish next vs in their forewarde, as Capitayn of the same with an .viii.M. & iiii. or .v. peces of ordinaunce on hys right syde, and a .iiii.C horsemen on hys lefte: Behind him sumwhat Westwarde, the gouernour with a .x.M. inlōd men (as they call them) y^e choy­sest men counted of their cōtre. And the erle Huntley in the re­rewarde, wellnie euen with the battaile on the left syde, w^t .viii M. also. The .iiii.m. Irish Ar­chers as a wyng to them both, last indede in order, & first (as they sayd) that rā a way. These [Page] battaile & rereward wear war­ded also with their ordinaunce accordinge. Edward Shelley Lieutenaunt vnder my lorde Gray of hys bande of Bulle­ners, was the first on our syde that was ouer this slough, my lord Gray next, and so then af­ter two or thre rākes of the for­mer bandes. But badly yet, coolde they make their race, by reason the furrowes laye tra­uers to their course. That, not­withstondynge, and thoughe also thei wear nothynge likely well to bee able thus a frunt to cum within them to hurt them, aswell, because the Scottish­mens pykes wear as longe or lēger then their staues, as also for that their horses wear all naked without barbes, wherof

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[Page] though thear wear right many among vs, yet not one put on, forasmuch as at our cumming foorth in the mornīg, we loked for nothing les then for battail that daye, yet did my lorde and Shelley with y^e residue, so va­liauntly and strongly gyue the charge vpō them, that whither it wear by theyr prowes or po­wer, the left side of the enemies that his lordship did set vpon (though their order remayned vnbroken) was yet compelled to swey a good wey bak & gyue ground largely, and all the re­sidue of them besyde, to stonde much amased. Before this, as our men wear well nie at them, they stood very braue & brag­ging shaking their pyke poin­tes, criyng, cum here loundes, [Page] cum here tykes, cum here here­tykes, & suche lyke (as hardely they are fayre mouthed men) Thoughe they ment but small humanite▪ yet shewed thei here­by much ciuilite, both of fayre play to warne ear thei strook, & of formall order to chyde ear they fought.

Our Captains that wear be­hinde, perceyuinge at eye that both by the vnevinnes of the grounde, by the sturdy order of the enemie, and for that their fellowes wear so nie & straight before them, they were not able to ony aduaūtage to maintei­ne this onset, did thearfore, ac­cording to the deuise in y^t point appointed, turne themselues & made a soft retyre vp towarde the hyll agayne. Howbeit, too

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[Page] confes the truth, sum of the nū ber that knue not the prepēsed pollecie of the counsaill in this case: made of a sober aduised retyre, an hasty temerarious flyght. Sound to ony mans ear as it may, I shal neuer ad­mit for ony affection towarde coūtree or kyn, to be so partial, as wil wittingly, either bolster the falshod or bery the truthe, for honor in myn opiniō y^e way gotten wear vnworthely wun and a very vyle gain: howbeit hereby I cānot count ony lost, whear but a fewe leude souldi­ours ran rashely out of array without standard or Captayn vpon no cause of nede, but of a mere vndiscretion & madnes: A madnes in dede, for fyrste the scottes were not able to pursue [Page] because they wear footmen, & thē if they coold, what hope by flight, so far from home in their enemies londe, whear no place of refuge?

¶My lord Marshal, Edward Shelley, litle Prestō, Bramp­ton and Gerningham, Bulle­ners, Ratclyf, the lord Fitzwa­ters brother, Syr Ihon Cle­res son & heyr, Digges of kēt, Ellerker a pēcioner Segraue. Of my lorde Protectours bād my lorde Edward, hys graces sonne, Captain of y^e same bāde, Stāley, Woodhous, Coonis­by, Horgill, Morris Dennys, Arthur and Atkinson, with o­ther in the forerāke, not being able in this earnst assault, both to tende to their fight afore, & to y^e retyre behynde: y^e Scottes [Page] again, wel considering hereby how weak thei remayned, cau­ght courage a fresh, rā sharply forward vpon them, and with­out ony mercy slewe euery man of our men that abode furthest in prece: a .vi. mo (of Bulleners and other) then I haue here named, in all to the number of a xxvi. and most part gentlemē. My lord Grey, yet and my lord Edward (as sum grace was) returned agayne, but neyther all in safetie nor without euident markes they had bene thear: for the one with a pyke thrugh the mouth was raced a longe from the tip of the tunge, and thrust that way very daunge­rously more then twoo inches wythin the neck, and my lorde [Page] Edwarde had hys horse vn­der hym with swoordes woun­ded sore, and I thīke to death. Lyke as also a litle before this onset, Syr Thomas Darcy vpon hys approch to the ene­mies, was strooken glauncing wyse on the ryght syde, with a bullet of one of their felde pe­ces, and thearby his body broosed wyth the boowynge in of hys harneys, hys swoord hil­tes broken, & the forefynger of his right hāde beatē flat. Euen so vppon the partynge of thys fray, was Syr Arthur Darcy slasht at with swoordes, and so hurt vppon the weddyng fyn­ger of hys righte hande also, as it was counted for the fyrst parte of medecine, too haue it quite cut awaye.

[Page]About the same time, certein of the Scottes ran out hastely to y^e kynges Maiesties standerde of the horsmen, (the whiche syr Androwe Flammak bare) and laiyng fast holde vpon the staf thearof, cryed a kyng a kynge. That if both his strength, hys hart and hys horse had not ben good, and hereto, sumwhat ay­ded at this pinch by sir Raulph Coppinger a pencioner: bothe he had bene slain, and the stan­derd lost, whiche the Scottes neuertheles hilde so fast, y^t they brake and bare away y^e nether ende of the staff to the burrel, & intended so much to the gayne of the stāderd, that syr Androw (as hap was) skaped home all safe, and els without hurt. At this bysines also, was my lord [Page] Fitzwaters Captain of a num­ber of dimilaunces, vnhorste, but soone mounted againe, skaped yet in great daunger, and hys horse al he wē: Hereat fur­ther wear Cauarley the stan­dard bearer of the men of ar­mes, and Clemēt Paston a pē ­cioner, thrust eche of them into the leg with pykes: and Don Philip a Spaniard, in y^e knee: diuers other mayned and hurt and many horses sore woūded besyde.

¶By this tyme had our fore­warde, accordingly gotten the full vaūtage of the hilles side, and in respect of their march, stood sydeling toward the ene­mie: Who neuertheles wear not able in all partes to stonde full square in array, by reason [Page] that at the West ende of theim vpon their right hand, and to­ward the enemie, thear was a square plot enclosed with turfe (as their maner of fencynge in thoose partes is) one corner whearof, did let the square of the same arraye. Our bat­taile in good order next theim, but so as in continaunce of ar­ray, the former parte thearof stood vpon the hilles syde, the tayle vpon the playn. And the rerewarde hoolly vppon the playn. So that by the placing and countenaunce of oure ar­mye in this wyse, wee shewed ourselues in a maner to cum­pas them in, that they shoolde no way skape vs: the whiche, by our poure and number we wear as well able to doo, as a [Page] spynners webbe to catche a swarme of bees. Howebeit for hart and courage we ment too mete wyth them, had they bene as many mo. These vndis­crete gadlinges, that so fondly brake array from the horsmen in the retyre (as I sayde) ran so hastely thrughe the orders and rankes of our forewarde as it stood, that it did both ther disorder many, feared many, & was great encouraging to the enemie. My lorde Lieutenaūt, who had the gyding of our fo­rewarde right valiauntly had conducted the same to their stō dynge, and thear did very no­bly encourage & comfort thē. Bidding them plucke vp their hartes, & shew thēselfes mē, for thear was no cause of fear: as­for [Page] victorie, it was in their oun handes if they did abyde by it, & he himself euen thear woold lyue and dye amōg them. And surely, as hys wurthines all­wayes right well deserueth, so was hys honour at that tyme, accordingly furnished w^t wur­thy Captains. First syr Ihon Lutterel, who had the leading of a .iii.C. of hys lordships mē that wear the formost of thys forewarde, all with harneys & weapon, and in all pointes els so well trimmed for war, that lyke as at that tyme I coulde well note my lordes great cost and honour, for that their choyse and perfect appointment and furniture: so did I then also cō sider syr Ihon Luttrels proo­wes and wisedom for their va­liaunt [Page] conductiō and exact ob­seruaunce of order, whom (knowynge as I knowe) for his witmanhod, good qualitees & apt­nes to all gentle feates besyde, I haue good cause to counte both a good Captaī a warfare in feld, and a wurthy courtyar in peace at home.I mean suche a one as Cōte Balthazar the Italian in his boke of Courtyar doth fra­me. Then, in the same forwarde, Syr Morrice Dēnis, another Captain, who wysely first exhortyng his men to play the mē, shewing thear­by the assuraunce of victorie: & then to the entent they shoolde be sure, he woold neuer shrīke from theim, he did with no les wurship then valiaunce, in the hottest of this bysines alight amōg them, and put hys horse from hym. But if I shoold (as cause I confesse thear wear [Page] inough) make here ony stay in hys commendacion thearfore, or of the forwarde courage of Syr George Hawarde, whoo bere the Kynges Maiesties standarde in the battaile: or of the circumspect diligence of syr William Pykering, and Syr Rychard Wingfeld, Sargeaū tes of the band to the foreward or of the prōpt forwardnes of Syr Charles Brādō, another Captain ther, or of y^e peinful industrie of syr Iames Wilford, Prouost Marshal, who placed himselfe w^t the formost of thys forewarde, or of the good order in march of syr Hugh Willou­ghby, and William Dēnis es­quyer captaīs both, or of y^e pre­sent hart of Ihon Chaloner a Captain also in y^e battail, or of honest respect of Edward Chā berlayn, [Page] gētlemā harbynger of y^e armie, who willingly as then came in order w^t the same fore­ward. Or of right many other in both these battailes (for I was not nie y^e rereward) whose behauours & wurthynes wear at y^e tyme notable in myne eye, (although I neither knue then al of thē I saw, nor coold not since remēber of thē I knue) I mought wel be in dout, it shold be to much an intricaciō to the matter to great a tediousnes to y^e reder. And therfore to say on: The Scottes wear sūwhat disordred w^t their cūminge out a­bout y^e slaughter of our men: y^e which thei did so earnestly then entēd, thei toke not one to mer­cie: but more thei wear amased at this aduētorous & hardy on­set. [Page] My lordes grace, hauing be­fore this for the causes afore­sayde, placed himselfe on thys Fauxsyde Bray: and thearby quikly, perceyuynge the great disorder of these stragling horsmen: hemd them in frō further straiyng, whom syr Rafe Uane soon after with great dexterite brought in good order and ar­ray agayn. And thearwith the rest of our strengths by y^e pol­lecie of my lordes grace, and diligence of euery Captain and officer bysyde, wear so oportu­nely and aptly applyed in their feat, that whear this repulse of the enemie, & retyre of vs was douted of many to turne to the daunger of our los: y^e same was wrought and aduaunced (ac­cordynge as it was deuysed) to [Page] our certeinte of gayn and vic­torie. For first at this sloughe whear most of our horsmē had stond, syr Peter Mewtus Captain of all y^e hakbutters a foot, did very valiauntly conduct & place a good number of hys men, in a maner harde at the faces of the enemies. Wherunto Syr Peter Gamboa a Span­yard, Captain of a .ii.C. hak­butters on horsback did redily bring his mē also, whoo with y^e hot cōtinuaūce of their shot on both partes did so stoutly stay the enemies, that thei could not well cum forther forward: then our archers that marched in array on the right hande of oure footmen, & next to the ennemie prict them sharply w^t arrowes as they stoode. Thearwith the

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[Page] Master of the ordinaunce to their great anoyaunce did gall them with hailshot & other out of the great ordinaūce directly from the hil top, and certeyn o­ther gunners with their peces, a flanke from our Rerewarde, most of our artillerie & missiue engins, then holy thus at ones with great puissance & vehemē cie occupied about thē: Here­with, the full sight of our foot­men all shadowed from theim before by oure horsmen & dust reysed, whoom then they wear ware in such order to be so nere vpō them. And to this the per­fet array of our horsmen again cummīg cooragiously to set on them afresh. Miserable mē, perceyuyng themselues then al to late, howe muche to much, they [Page] weare misenformed, began so­deinly to shrinke. Their gouernour that brought thē firste to y^e bargain, lyke a doughty Ca­pitain, took hastely hys horse, that he might run foremost a­way. Indede it stood sumwhat with reason that he should ma­ke first homewarde that fyrste made outwarde, but (as sum of them sayde) skant with honour & with shame inough. The erle of Anguish, & other chefe Capi­tains, did quickly followe as their gouernour led: And with the formoste their Irishmen. Thearwith then turned all the hole rout, kest doun their wea­pons, ran out of their wardes, of with their iackes, & with all that euer they might, betooke them to the race y^t their gouer­nour [Page] began. Oure men had foūd them at the first (as what could escape so many thousand eyes?) and sharply and quikly with an vniuersall outcrie, thei flye they flye, pursued after in chase amam: and thearto so ea­gerly, and with suche fiersnes, that they ouertooke many, and spared indede but fewe, (as it mought then hardly haue bene both folie & parell to haue she­wed ony pitee) But when they wear ones turned, it was a wō der to see how soō & in how sundry sortes they wear skattered: The place they stood on, like a wood of staues strewed on the ground as rushes in a chāber, vnpassable (thei lay so thik) for eyther horse or mā: Here at the first had thei let fal al their py­kes. [Page] After that euery whear skatred swordes, buklers, daggers, iackes, and all thing els that eyther was of ony weyght or mighte be ony let too their course, which course amōg thē, three weys specially thei made, sum along the sandes by the Fryth toward Lyeth, sū strai­ght toward Edinborow, whearof parte throughe the parke thear (in the walles whearof, though they be rounde about of flynte stone, yet wear thear many holes al redy made) and parte of them by the hye waye that leades alonge by holly rood Abbey. And the residue, & (as we noted then) the moste of them toward Dakyth, whiche wey by meanes of the marish, [Page] our horsmen wear woorst able to followe. Sundry shyftes sum shrewd sū, sory, made they in their running, diuers of thē in their courses, as they wear ware they wear pursued but of one, would sodenly start back & lashe at y^e legges of the horse or foyne him in y^e belly, & sum­tyme did they reach at the ri­der also: wherby Clemēt Pastō in the arme and diuers other o­therwyse in thys chase weare hurt. Sum other lay flat in a furrowe as though they wear dead, therby past by of our mē vntouched, as I harde say the Erle of Anguishe confessed he couched till hys hors hapt to be brought hym. Oother sum, to stay in the Ryuer cowringe doun hys body, hys hed vnder the [Page] rote of a Willowe tree with skant hys nose abooue water for breath: A shift, but no succour it was too many that had their skulles on, at the stroke of the follower too shrinke w^t their heddes into their shul­ders lyke a tortuis into hys shell: Oothers again for their more lightnes, cast awai shoos and doblettes and ran in their shirtes: And sum also seen in in this race all breathles to fal flat doun, and haue run them­selues to death.

¶Before thys, at the tyme of our onset cam thear Eastward a .v.C. of their horsmen vp a longe thys Fauxsyde Bray strayght vpon our ordinaunce and cariage. My lordes grace (as I sayde) most specially for [Page] the dout of the same placynge hymself thearby, caused a pece or two to be turned towarde them with a few shottes whearof, they wear soon turned also and fled to Dakyth. But had they kept on, they wear proui­ded for accordingly, for one parson Keble, a chaplain of hys graces, and two or thre oother, by and by discharged foure or fyue of the cartes of municion, and thearwith bestowed py­kes, billes, bowes, and arro­wes, to as many as came, soo that of carters and other thear wear soon weaponed thear a­bout a thousand, whoom par­son Keble and the oother dyd very handsomly dispose in ar­ray, and made a prety mouster. To returne nowe, Soon after [Page] thys notable strewyng of theyr footmens weapons, beganne a pitefull sight of the dead corp­ses, liyng disparsed abrode, sum their legges of, sum but hou­ght, and left liynge half dead, sum thrust quite thrughe y^e bo­dy, oothers the armes cut of, diuers their neckes half a sun­der, many their heddes clouen, of sundry the braynes pasht out, sum others agaī their hed­des quite of, w^t other .M. kyn­des of kyllīg. After y^t & further in chase, al for y^e most part kyl­led either in the hed or in y^e nek for our horsmē coolde not well reach thē lower w^t their swoor­des. And thus w^t blod & slaughter of y^e enemie, this chase was continued .v. miles in length westward, frō the place of their [Page] standynge, whiche was in the fallow feldes of Undreske, vntill Edinborowe parke, & well nye to the gates of the toune it self, and vnto Lyeth. And in breadth nie .iiii. myle, from the Fryth sandes vp towarde Daketh Southwarde. In all, whiche space the dead bodyes lay as thik as a man may note cattell grasing in a full reple­nished pasture. The Ryuer ran al red with blood, soo that in the same chase wear counted aswell by sum of our men, that sumwhat diligently did marke it, as by sum of them takē pri­soners that very muche did la­ment it, to haue bene slayn a­booue .xiiii. thousande. In all thys cumpas of grounde, what with weapons, armes, [Page] handes, legges, heddes, blood, and dead bodyes, their flight mought haue easly bene trac­ted to euery of theyr .iii. refu­ges. And for the smallnes of our number, and shortnes of the tyme (whiche was skant .v. houres, from one till wellnie vi.) the mortalite was so great, as it was thought, the lyke a­fore time not to haue bene sene. Indede it was the better maynteyned with theyr oun swoor­des that lay each whear skat­tred by the waye, whearof our men as they had broke one, stil tooke vp another, thear was store inough, and they layd it on freely, that righte many a­mong theim, at thys bysynes brake thre or foure ear they re­turned homeward to y^e armye. [Page] I may well perchaunce confes that herein we vsed sum sharp­nes (although not asmuche as we mought) and little curtesie, and yet I can safely avowe, all doon by vs, as rather by sun­dry respectes dryuen and com­peld, then eyther of crueltie or of delight in slaughter. And lyke (sumwaye) to the diligent Master that sharpely sumtime (when warnynge will not ser­ue) dooth beat hys scholler, not hardely for hate of the chylde, or hys oune delyghte in beatynge, but for looue he woolde haue hym amende hys fautes or negligence, and bea­tes hym ones surely, because he woolde nede to beat hym no more. One cause of the cor­rection [Page] we vsed, I maye well count to be their tyrannous vowe they made (which we certeinly hard or) that whensoeuer they fou­ght and ouercam, they woolde liea so many, and spare so fewe: a sure proof wherof thei plain­ly had shewed at our onset be­fore, whear they kylde all and saued not a man.

Another respecte was, to re­uenge their great and cruel ty­ranny shewed at Panyar ho­ugh (as I haue before sayde) whear they slewe the Lorde Euers (whome otherwyse they mought haue taken prisoner and saued) and cruelly kylde as many els of oure men as came into theyr handes. We wear forced yet hereto by a [Page] further & very earnest regarde, whiche was the dout of assem­ble of their armie again, whearof a cantell (for the number) had bene able to compare with our hole hoste, when it was at the greatest: and so perchaunce we shoulde haue bene driuen with dooble labour to beat thē again, and make two woorkes of one: whearas we well remē ­bred, that a thynge ones well doon is twyse doon. To these, anoother and not the meanest matter was,The name of lorde▪ y^e Scottes take in ly­ke significa­tion of speche as we do. But a larde with theim (I take it) is as a squyer wyth vs, A lound is a name of re­proch as a villain or suche lyke. their armour a­mong theim so little differing, and their apparail so base and beggerly, whearin the Lurdein was in a maner all one wyth the Lorde, and the Lounde wyth the Larde: all clad a lyke in iackes coouerd wyth whyte [Page] with whyte leather, dooblet­tes of y^e same or of fustian, and most commonly al white hosen. Not one w^t either cheine, broochryng, or garment of silke that I coold see, onles cheynes of latten drawen four or fyue ty­mes along y^e thighs of their hosen and dooblet sleues for cut­tyng: and of y^e sort I sawe ma­ny. This vilenes of port, was the caus that so many of their great men and gentlemen wear kyld & so fewe saued. The out­warde sheaw, the semblaunce & sign, whearby a starūger might discern a villain from a gentle­man was not amoong them to be seen: As for woordes & goodly proffer of great raundsums, wear as commō and ryfe in the [Page] mouths of the tone as in the toother. And thearfore hereby it cam to pas that after, at the examinacion and countyng of the prisoners, we sound taken aboue twenty of their villayns to one of their gentlemen: whoō no man nede to dout, we had rather haue spared then the villayns, yf we coold haue knowen ony difference betwene thē in takyng: And yet notwith­stonding all these our iust cau­ses and quarels to kyll them, we shewed more grace & tooke mo to mercy, then the case on our syde for the causes afore­sayd did well deserue or requi­re: for bysyde the Erle Hunt­ley, who in good harneys ap­pointed lykest a gentleman of [Page] ony of them that I coold he­reof or see, (but coold not then eskape bicaus he lact his horse and thearfore hapt to be taken by Sir Rafe Uane) and bysy­de the Lorde of Yester, Hobby Hambleton Captayn of Dun­bar. The Master of Sāpoole. The Larde of Wimmes taken by Iohn Bren. A broother of y^e erle of Cassils. And bysyde one Moutrell taken by Cornelius Cōtroller of the ordinaunce in this armie. And bisyde one of y^e Camals an Irish gentlemā ta­kē by Edward Chamberlain, & bysyde many oother Skottish gētlemē mo,A kynsmā by­lyke of y^e erle or Arguiles whoos proper sur name is Lamall, lyke as the erle of Anguishes is Douglas, & y^e erle Huntleys Gordon. A Scottish heraulde was also takē, but here not placed, bicaus my lor­des grace cau­sed hī foorth with free y to be releaced home w^tout raūdsō or los whoos names & takers I wel remēber not. The prisoners accōted by y^e Marshals book wear numbred to abooue [Page] xv. Touching y^e slaughter, sure we kyld nothynge so many, as (if we had mynded crueltie so much) for the tyme and oportu­nitee right well we mought: for my lords grace of his woonted mercy mooch mooued w^t y^e pitee of this sight: and rather glad of victorie then desyrous of crueltie, soon after (by ges) v. of the clok, stayed his standerd of his horsmen at the furthest part of their campe westward, and caused the trumpettes to blowe a retreat. Whearat also sir Rafe sadleyr treasurer (whoos great diligēce at y^t time, and redy for­wardenes in y^e chefest of y^e fray before, did woorthely merit no small commendacion) caused al the footmen to stay, and then w^t [Page] much trauaile and great peyn made them to be brought in sū order agayn: It was a thyng yet not easly to be doon, by rea­son they all as then sumwhat bisyly applied their market, the spoile of this Scottish campe. Whearin wear foūd good pro­uision of whyte bread, ale, oten­cakes, otemeal, mutton, butter in pottes, chese, & in diuers ten­tes good wyne also: good store to say truth of good vitaile for the maner of their cuntree. And in sum tentes amoong them, as I hard say wear also founde of siluer plate a dish or ii: ii. or .iii. goblettes, and .iii. or .iiii. chali­ces, the whiche the fynders, (I know not with what reuerence, but w^t sum deuotion hardely) [Page] pluct out of the colde clouts & thrust into their warme boosōs. Here now to say sumwhat of the maner of their campe: As they had no pauilions or roūd houses of ony cōmendable cumpas, so wear thear fewe oother tentes w^t postes as y^e vsed ma­ner of makyng is: And of these fewe also, none of abooue .xx. foot lēgth, but most, far vnder: for y^e most part all very sump­tuously beset (after their faciō) for the looue of Fraunce with fleur de lices, sum of blue buc­keram sum of black and sum of sum oother colours. These whyte ridges (as I calld them) that as we stood on Fauxsyde Bray dyd make so great mou­ster toward vs, which I dyd [Page] take then to be a number of tentes: when we cam, we found it a lynnen draperie, of the coor­ser cameryk in dede, for it was all of canuas sheets: and wear the tenticles or rather cabayns and couches of theyr souldi­ours, the which (much after the common byldyng of their cun­tree besyde) had they framed of iiii. sticks, about an elle long a pece, whearof .ii. fastened toogyther at one ende a loft, and y^e .ii. endes beneath stict in y^e ground an elle a sunder, standing in fa­cion lyke the bowe of a soowes yoke: Ouer .ii. such bowes (one as it wear at their hed, thoother at their feet) thei stretched a shete doun on both sides, whearby their cabain becam roofed lyke [Page] a ridge: But skant shit at both endes & not very close beneath on the sydes, onles their stiks wear the shorter, or their wiues y^e more liberal to lend them larger naperie. Howbeit w^tin they had lyned them and stuft them so thick with strawe, y^t the wea­ther as it was not very cold, when they wear ones couched, thei wear as warme as thei had bene wrapt in horsdung.

This the plot of their campe was called Edminstō edge, nie Gilberton a place of the Lorde of Brimstons, halfe a mile be­yond Muskelboorowe and a iiii. mile on this syde Edenbo­rowe, and occupied in largenes with diuers tentes and ten­ticles, that stood in sundry par­tes [Page] out of square about a mi­les cumpas: whearin as our mē vpon y^e sound of retreat at their retire wear sumwhat assembled we all with a loud and entyer outcrie and hallowyng, in sign of gladnes and victorie, made an vniuersall noys and shout: whearof the shrilnes (as after we hard) was hard vntil Edin­boorowe.

It was a woonder to see, but that (as they say) many handes make lyght woork, how soon the dead bodyes wear stryped out of their garments starke naked, euen from as far as the chase went, vntill the place of our onset: whearby the parsonages of the enemies, might by y^e wey easly be viewed and consi­dered: [Page] y^t which for their tallnes of stature, cleanes of skyn, big­nes of bone, with due propor­tion in al partes, I for my part aduisedly noted to be such, as but that I well sawe that it was so, I woolde not haue be­leued sure so many of that sort to haue bene in all their cūtree: Amoong them lay thear ma­ny prestes and kirkmen as thei call them: of whoom it was bruted amoong vs that thear was a hole band of a .iii. or .iiii. M. but we wear after enfourmed, it was not altogyther so. At the place of the chardge at the first by vs gyuen, thear found we our horses slayn, all gored and heawē, and our men so rufully gasht and mangled in the hed [Page] spetially as not one by the face coold be knowen who he was. Litle Preston was found thear with both his handes cut of by the wreasts, and knowen to be he, for that it was knowen he had of each arme a bracelet of golde, for y^e which they so chopt hym. Edward Shelley alas that woorthy gentleman and valiaunt Captain all piteeful­ly disfigured and mangled a­moong them lay: and but by his bearde nothing discernable Of whoom (bysyde the proper­nes of parson) for his wit, his good qualitees, his actiuitee in feates of war, and his perfet honestie (for the whiche with all men of all estates he was al­wey so much estemed & so wel­belooued) [Page] & hereto for that he was so nere my frende: I had caus inough here without par­simonie to prays his lyfe, & la­ment his death, wear it not that thesame shoolde be to great a digression and to muche inter­rupcion of the matter:As their fel sodeinly in Roō a great dun­geō & swallo­wig of groūd Curtiꝰ a Ro­mane gentle­mā, for y^t pleasyng of y^e goddes & y^t y^e same might ceas, moūted on his horse and lept doun into the same, which straight then after closed by agayne. Vale. Max. li. vi. ca. vi. Decius Mus & Publiꝰ De­cius his sun, Consule of Room, as thei shoold fight, the Father a­gainst y^e I ati­nes, & the sun after y^t agaīst the Sānites, & wear warned by dream that those armies shoolde haue the victorie, whoos Cap­tains wear first slayn in felde, thei both ran willingly in to y^e hostes of their ene­mies, they wear slayn, & theyr armies wan the felde Plutarch. de Decio pr̄e. paral. xxxvii. Et Liui. de. P. Decio li.x. dec. i. But tou­ching the maner of his death, I thinke his merit to mooch to be let pas in silence: who not infe­riour in fortitude of mynde ey­ther vnto the Romane Curtius or the .ii. Decii, he being in this busines formost of all our men against the enemies: Consyde­ryng with hymself, that as his hardy charge vpon them, was sure to be their terrour, and ve­ry lykely to turne to the breach of their order: and herewith al­so [Page] y^t the same shoulde be greate coorage to his followers that cam to gyue the charge with hym: And ponderynge agayn that his turnynge bak at thys point, shoulde caus the contra­rye and be great daunger of our confusion: was content in his kyngs and contrees qua­rell, in hope the rather to leaue victorie vnto his cuntremen, thus honorably to take death to hym selfe. Whoom, let no man thynke, no foolysh hardi­nes or werynes of lyfe draue vnto so harde an enterprise: whoos sober valiaunce of coo­rage had often ootherwyse in the late warres with Fraunce bene sufficiently before appro­ued, and whoos state of lyuing [Page] my selfe I knue to be such, as lact nothing y^e might pertein to perfit worldly wealth. I trust it shall not be taken that I mean hearby to derogate fame from ony of the rest that dyed thear (GOD haue their sol­les) who I wot bought the bargain as deere as he, but only to doo that in me may lye to make his name famous, Whoo amoong these (in my o­pinion) towarde his prince and cuntree did best deserue.

Nye this place of onset, whear the Scottes at their rū ­nynge awey had let fall their weapons (as I sayd) Thear found we, bysyde their com­mon maner of armour, certeyn nice instrumentes for war (as [Page] we thought.) And they wear, nue boordes endes cut of, being about a foot in breadth and half a yarde in leangth: ha­uyng on the insyde, handels made very cunnyngly of .ii. cordes endes: These a Gods name wear their targettes a­gain the shot of our small ar­tillerie, for they wear not able to hold out a canon. And with these, found we great rattels swellyng bygger then the bel­ly of a pottell pot, coouered with old parchement or doo­ble papers, small stones put in them to make noys, and set vpon the ende of a staff of more then twoo els long: and this was their fyne deuyse to fray our horses when our [Page] horsmen shoulde cum at them: Howbeeit bycaus the ryders wear no babyes, nor their hor­ses no colts: they coold, neyther duddle the tone nor fray the toother, so that this pollecye was as witles as their powr forceles.

Amoong these weapons, and bysyde diuers oother banners standerds and penons, a ban­ner of whyte sarcenet was foūd vnder whiche it was sayd these kirkmen cam, whearupon was paynted a wooman with her hear about her shoulders, kne­lynge before a crucifix, and on her right hande a church, after that written a long vpon the banner in greate Romane let­ters, Afflictae sponsae ne obliuis­caris, [Page] whiche woordes declared that they woold haue this wooman to signifie, the church Christes spouse, and thus in humble wyse makynge her pe­ticion vnto Christ her husbond that he woold not now forget her, his spouse beyng skourged and persecuted, meanynge at this tyme by vs. It was sayd it was the Abbot of Donfor­lings Banner, but whyther yt wear his or the Bysshop of Dunkels y^e goouernours broothers (who I vnderstood wear both in the felde.) And what the number of these kirkmen was, I coold not certeinly learne: but sure it was sum deuout papistes deuise, that not onely bylyke woold not endevour to doo ought for atonement and [Page] peacemakyng betwene vs, but al contrariwise brought foorth his standard stoutly to fyght in feld himself against vs: pre­texyng this his great vngodli­nes thus bent toward y^e maint­naunce of a noughtie quarell, with coolour of religion to cum in ayde of Christes church. Which church to say truth cū ­myng thus to battaile full ap­pointed with weapon and gar­ded with such a sorte of deacōs to fight: how euer in payntyng he had set her out, a man might well thinke that in condicion he had rather framed her after a curst quean that woolde piuk her husband by the pate except she had her will, then lyke a meke spouse that went aboute humbly by submission and pra­yer [Page] to desyre her husbands help for redres of thinges amisse. Howbeit for sauynge vpright the suftiltie of this godly mās deuise, it is best we take hym he ment the most lykely: that is, the church malignaunt and cō ­gregacion of the wicked, whear vnto that Antichrist the Bys­shop of Roome is husbond whome Christ sayd, as a thefe cums neuer but to steal slea & destroy.Io. ca. [...]. And whoos good sun this holly Prelate in his thus cummyng to the felde with his Afflictae now shewed hym self to be.

Thear was vpon this Faux­syde Bray (as I haue before said) a litle Castel or pile which was very bysy all the tyme of the battaile, as ony of our men [Page] cam nye it, to shoot at them w^t suche artillerie as they had (which, was none oother then of handgunnes and hakbutes, and of them not a doosein ney­ther) litle hurt dyd they, but as they sawe their fellowes in the feld thus driuen and beaten a­wey before their faces, they pluct in their peces, lyke a dog his taile: and couched them sel­fes within all muet: but by and by y^e hous was set on fyre, and they for their good will brent & smoothered within.

Thus thrugh the fauour of gods bounty, by the valiaunce and pollecie of my lordes Pro­tectours grace by the foreward endeuour of all the nobles and counsell thear besyde, and by y^e willing diligence of euery cap­tain, [Page] officer, and true subiecte els, we most valiauntly and honourably wan the victorie ouer our enemies. Of whoō .xiiii.M wear slaī thus in felde, of which nūber (as we wear certeinly en­fourmed by sundry and the best of the prisoners then taken) bysyde the erle of Loghen war, y^e lorde Flemmyng, the master of Greym, the master of Arskyn y^e master of Ogleby, the master of Auendale, the master of Ro­uen and many oother of noble birth amōg them: thear wear of Lardes, Lardes sūnes & oother gentlemen slayn abooue .xxvi.C. & v.C. wear takē prisoners whearof many gentlemen also, amōg whome wear thear of name (as I haue before named) y^e erle Huntley lord Chauncelour [Page] of the Ream thear. The lord of pester, Hobby Hambleton cap­tayn of Dunbar. The Master of Sampoole. The Larde of Wymmes, and a broother of y^e erle of Cassyls. Too thousand by luckyng & liyng as though they wear dead skaped awey in y^e night all maymed and hurt. Herewith wan we of their wea­pons and armour more then we woolde vouchesafe to gyue ca­riage for, & yet wear thear con­ueyed thence by ship into these parties of iakkes spetially and swords abooue .xxx.M. This night with great gladnes and thankes gyuyng to God (as good caus we had) about .vii. of the clok we pitched our cam­pe at Edgebuklyng Bray by­syde Pynkersclough, and a [Page] mile beyond the place we cam­ped at afore.

About an hour after that, in sum tokē (as I took it) of gods assent and applause shewed to vs touchyng this victorie, the heauens relented and poured doun a great shour of rayne that lasted wel nie an hour, not vnlyke and accordyng as after our late souereigne lordes con­quest of Bullein plētifull shoures did also then ensue.

And as we wear then a setlīg & y^e tentes a settyng vp, amoōg all things els commendable in our hole iorney, one thīg semed to me an intollerable disorder & abuse, that whear as all weys both in al tounes of war & in al cāpes of armies, quietnes & stilnes without nois is principally [Page] in the night after the watch set, obserued. (I nede not reason why) our Northern prikkers y^e borderers, notwithstandyng w^t great enormite (as thought me) & not vnlyke (to be playn) vnto a masterles hound howlyng in a hie wey when he hath lost him he wayted on: sum hoopynge, sum whistelyng and most with crying, a Berwyke a Berwyke a Fenwyke a Fenwyke, a Bul­mer a Bulmer or so ootherwise as theyr capteins names wear, neuer linde these troublous & daungerous noyses all y^e night long. They sayd they did it to fynd out their captain & fello­wes, but yf the souldiours of our oother coūtrees and sheres had vsed y^e same maner in that case, we shoold haue oft tymes [Page] had the state of our camp more lyke the outrage of a dissolute huntyng then y^e quiet of a well ordred armye. If is a feat of war in myne opiniō that might right well be left: I could reherse causes (but y^t I take it, they ar better vnspoken then vttred, onles the faut wear sure to be amēded) that might shewe, thei mooue alweis more perel to our armie but in their one nightes so doyng, then thei shewe good seruice (as sum sey) in a hoole vyage. And since it is my part to be playn in my proces I wil be y^e bolder to shewe what fur­ther I noted & hard. Anoother maner haue they amoong them of wearyng handkerchers rol­led about their armes & letters broudred apō their cappes, thei [Page] sayd themselues the vse thearof was y^t ech of them might know his fellowe & thearby y^e sooner assemble, or in nede to ayde one another & such lyke respectes: Howbeit thear wear of tharmy amoōg vs (sum suspicious mē perchaūce) y^e thought thei vsed them for collusion, & rather by­caus they might be knowen to thenemie, as y^e enemies ar kno­wen to them (for thei haue their markes too) & so in cōflict either ech to spare oother, or gētly ech to take oother. In dede mē haue bene mooued y^t rather to thinke so, bycaus sum of their crosses wear so narrowe & so singly set on that a puff of wynde might haue blowē thē frō their brestes & y^t thei wear found right often talkīg w^t y^e Skottish prikkers w^tin les then their gads length [Page] a sunder, & when thei perceiued thei had bene spied, thei haue begun one to run at another, but so apparauntly perlassent, as y^e lookers on resembled, their chasyng like y^e running at base, in an vplondish toun, whear the match is made for a quart of good ale: or like y^e play in Robin Cooks skole, whear bicaus the punics may lerne thei strike fewe strokes but by assent & appointemēt. I hard sum men say it did mooch augment their suspiciō y^t wey, bicaus at y^e battail thei sawe these prikkers so badly demean them, more intēding y^e takīg of prisoners then y^e suerty of victorie, for while oother men fought, they fell to their prey, that as thear wear but few of them but brought home [Page] his prisoner, so wear thear ma­ny y^t had .vi. or .vii. Many men yet, I must cōfes ar not dispo­sed all weys, to say all of the best, but more redy haply to fynde oothers mēs fautes then to amend their oun. Howbeit I thīke sure as for our prikkers, yf their fautes had bene fewer their infamye had bene les. yet say I not this so moch to dis­prais them, as for mean of amē dement. Their Captains and gentlemen again, ar men for y^e most part al of right honest ser­uice and approoued prowes, & such sure as for their well doo­ing, woold soon becum famous yf their souldiours wear as to­ward as thēselues be forward.

As thyngs fell after in communicacion, one question amōg [Page] oother arose, who kyld the first man this day in felde, the glorie whearof one Ieronimo an Italian woold fayn haue had, howbeit it was after well tryed, y^t it was one Cuthbert Musgraue a gentlemā of my lord of War wykes, who right hardely kyld a Gūner at his pece in y^e Scot­tes foreward, ear euer they be­gon ony whit to turne: the fact for the forwardnes well deser­uyng remembraūce I thought it not mete to be let slip in si­lence.

This nyght the Skottish goouernor when he thought o­nes him self in sum safetie, with all spede caused the erle Both­wel to be let out of prisō: which whither he did for the doubt he had that we woold haue relea­ced [Page] him wild he nild he, or whi­ther he woold shew hīself fayn to doo sumwhat before y^e peple to make sum amendes of his former faut I doo not knowe, but this sure, rather for sū caus of fear, then for ony good will: whiche was well apparaunt to all men, in that he had kept the erle so long before in hold, with out ony iust caus.

Sonday the xi. of septem­ber.¶In the morenyng a great sort of vs rode to the place of onset whear our mē lay slayn, and what by gentlemē for their frēdes, and seruaūtes for their Masters, al of thē y^t wear kno­wē to be ours wear buried. In y^e mean time, y^e Master & officers of y^e ordinaūce, did very diligētly get to gyther all y^e Skottish ordinaūce, which bycaus it lay in sundry places thei could not [Page] inne all ouer night. And these wear in nūber a xxx. peces, whe­arof one culuerine .iii. sacres ix. smaller peces of bras & of iron 17. peces mo moūted on cariage.

These thinges thus done, sū ­what a fore none our cāpe rey­sed, we marched alōg the Fryth syde straight toward Lyeth: & approchīg me y^e same about iii. of the clok in thafter none, we pyght our fyeld a prikshot on thissyde the toun: being on the southest half sumwhat shado­wed frō Edinborowe by a hill, but y^e most of it liyng w^tin y^e ful sight & shot of the castell thear, & in distaunce sumwhat abooue a quarter of a mile. My lor­des grace, garded but with a small cūpeny was cūmē to Ly­eth well nie half an hour before [Page] the armie, the whiche he found all desolate of resistaūce or ony body els. Thear wear in y^e ha­uen that runneth into the mids of the roun, vessels of diuers sortes a xiii. Sumwhat of ode, wynes, wainskot and salt wear found in the toun, but as but litle of y^t, so nothīg els of value: for how much of oother things as could wel be caried, y^e inha­bitauntes ouernight had pact awei w^t them. My lord Mar­shall and most of our horsmen wear bestowed & lodged in the toun, my lordes grace, my lord Lietenaunt & the rest of thar­mie in the campe.

Monday the xii. of septem­ber.¶This day my lordes gra­ce with the counsell and sir Ry­chard Lee, rode about y^t toun, & to the plottes and hilloks on [Page] eyther syde nie to it, to viewe & consider whither the same by byldyng, might be made tena­ble and defensible.

¶ Certayne of our smaller vessels burnt Kynkorne and a toun or twoo mo stondyng on the northe shore of the Frith a­gainst Lyeth.Tuysday the xiii. of september.

In the after noon, my lords grace rowed vp the Fryth a .vi. or .vii. myles westward as it runneth into the land, and took in his way an Iland thear cal­led sainct Coomes Ins, which stōdeth a .iiii. mile beyōd Lieth and a good wey nerar the north shore then the south, yet not w^t ­in a mile of the nerest. It is but half a myle about, and hath in it a prety Abbey (but y^e moōks wear gone) fresh water inough, [Page] and also coonyes, and is so na­turally strong as but by one way it can be entred. The plot whear of, my lordes grace consideryng, did quikly cast to haue it kept, whearby al traffik of marchaūdise, all cōmodities els commyng by the Fryth into their land, & vtterly y^e hole vse of the Fryth it self with all the hauens vppon it shoold quyte be taken from them.

Wednesday y^e .xiiii. of september.¶This day my lords grace tidyng bak again Estward to vyew diuers things and pla­ces, tooke Dakyth in his way, whear a howse of George Douglasses dooth stande: and com­myng sumwhat nere it, he sent Soomerset his herald with a trompet before to knowe, whoo kept it, and whether the kepers [Page] holde it or yelde it to his grace, Aunswere was made that the­ar was a .lx. parsons within, whoom their maister liyng the­ar the saterday at night after the batell, dyd will that they, the hous, and all that was in yt shoolde be at my lordes gra­ces commaundement and plea­sure. Whear vppon the che­fest came out, and in the name of all the rest humbled hymself vnto my Lords will, profe­rynge his grace in his Ma­sters name, diuers fayr go­shaukes, the whiche my Lords grace how nobly soeuer he lis­ted to shew mercy vpō submis­siō, yet vttering a more maiestie of honor, then to base his gene­rositie to the reward of his ene­mie, did (but not cōtemptuosly) [Page] refuse, and so without cūmyng in past by, and rode to the place whear the battell was begun to be strooken: the whiche hauyng a prety while ouerseen, he retor­ned by Muskelborowe and so along by the Frythe, diligently markyng and notyng thinges by y^e way. And aswell in his re­torne, as in his out goyng, ma­ny wear the houses, gentlemen, and oother, that vpon submis­sion his grace receiued in to his protection.

This dai my lords grace as­well for countenaunce of buyl­dyng, as though he woold tary long, as also to kepe our Pio­ners sumwhat in exercise (whoō a litle rest woolde soone make nought) caused along the east syde of Lyeth a greate dich and [Page] trench to be cast toward the Frith, the woorke whearof cō ­tinued till the mornyng of our departyng.

¶My Lorde Clynton,Thursday the xv. of septēber hye Admiral (as I said) of this flete takyng with hym the galley (whearof one Broke is Cap­tain) and .iiii. or .v. of our smal­ler vessels besides, all well ap­poynted with municion & men, rowed vp the Frith a ten myle westward to an hauen toun stondyng on the south shore called Blaknestes, whearat towardes the water syde is a castel of a prety strength. As nie whear­vnto as the depth of the water thear woold suffer: the Skots for sauegard, had laied y^e Mary willough by and the Antony of Newcastel .ii. tall ships, whiche [Page] with extreme iniurie they had stollē from vs before tyme, whē no war betwene vs: with these ley thear also an oother large vessel called (by them) the Bosse and a .vii. mo, whearof part la­den with marchaūdize: my lord Clynton, & his cōpenie w^t right hardy approche, after a great conflict betwixt the castel & our vessels, by fyne force, wan from them those .iii. ships of name, & burnt all y^e residew before their faces as they ley.

Friday y^e .xvi. of september.¶The lard of Brimston, a Skottish gentleman who cam to my lordes grace from their counsell for caus of communi­cacion bilyke, retourned again to them hauing w^t him Norrey an herauld & king of armes of ours: whoo foūd them w^t y^e olde [Page] quene at Sterlyng, a toun stondyng westward vppon y^e Frith a .xx. mile beyond Edinborowe.

¶Thear was a fellowe ta­ken in our cāpe,Saterday the xvii. of sep­tember. whoō y^e Scot­tes called English William, an English man indede, y^t before tyme hauyng doon a robery in Lincolnshier, did after rū awai into Scotlād, & at this time cū ­mē out of Edēborowe castel as a spie for ȳe Scottes was spied himself with the maner, and hā ­ged for his mede in y^e best wise (bicaus he wel deserued) vpō a nue giebet somewhat biside our camp, in y^e sight bothe of y^e toun & castel. God haue mercy on his soule. Thear is no good logi­cioner, but woold think, I thīk, y^t a Syllogisim thus formed of such a theuing maior, a rūaway [Page] minor, and a trayterous conse­quent, must nedes prooue (at y^e weakest) to such a hanging ar­gument.

Sir Ihon Luttrell knight hauyng bene by my lords gra­ce, and the counsell elect Abbot by gods suffraunce of the mo­nastery of sainct Coomes Ins afore remembred, in the after noon of this day departed to­wardes the Iland to be stalled in his see thear accordyngly: & had with him a coouent of a C. hakbutters and .l. pioners to kepe his house and land thear, and .ii. rowe barkes well furni­shed with municion & .lxx. ma­riners for them to kepe his wa­ters. Whearby it is thought he shal soō becū a prelate of great powr. The perfytnes of his re­ligion, [Page] is not alwaies to tarry at home, but sumtime to rowe out abrode a visitacion, & when he goithe, I haue hard say he taketh alweyes his sumners in barke with hym, which ar very open mouthed & neuer talk, but they ar harde a mile of, so that either for looue of his blessyn­ges, or feare of his cursinges he is lyke to be sooueraigne ouer most of his neighbours.

My lords grace as this day geuyng warnyng that our de­parture shoold be on y^e morowe and myndynge before with re­compence sumwhat according, to rewarde one Bartō that had plaid an vntrue part: cōmaun­ded that ouer night his hous in Lyeth shoolde be set afyer. And as the same thesame night [Page] about .v. of the clok was doon, many of our souldiours that wear very forward in fyering, fyered with al hast all the toun besyde. But so farfoorth (as I may thinke) without commissiō or knowledge of my lords gra­ce, as right many horses both of his graces and of diuers others wear in great daunger ear they coold be quited then from out of the toun .vi. greate ships liyng in the hauen the­ar, that for age and decay wear not so apt for vse, wear then al­so set, a fyer which all the night with great flame did burne ve­ry solemnly.

In the tyme of our here campynge many lardes and gentlemen of the cuntry nie thear, cam in to my lorde to re­quire [Page] his protection, the whiche his grace to whoom he thought good, did graunt.

This day also, cam the erle Bothwell to my lordes grace, a gentleman of a right cumly porte and stature, and hereto of right honourable and iust meanyng and dealyng toward the kyngs maiestie, whoom my lords grace did thearfore accordyng vnto his degree & deme­rites, very frendly welcum and entertein, & hauing supped this night w^t his grace, he then after departed.

Thear stode southwestward about a quarter of a mile from our cāpe, a monasterie, thei call it holly roode abbey, sir Water Bonhā and Edward Chāber­layne gat lycence to suppresse it [Page] whearupō these commissioners makyng first theyr visitacion thear, they found the moōks all gone: but the church and mooch parte of y^e house well coouered with leade, soon after thei pluct of the leade & had doun y^e bels (which wear but .ii.) and accor­dyng to y^e statute did sumwhat hearby disgrace y^e hous. As touchyng the moōkes, bicaus they wear gone, thei put them to the­ir pencions at large.

Sunday the xviii. of sep­tember.¶My lords grace for con­sideracions moouyng hym to pitee, hauing al this while spa­red Edinborowe from hurt, did so leaue it, but Lieth and the ships still burnyng, soon after vii. of y^e clock in this morenyng caused y^e cāpe to dislodge. And as we wear parted from whear [Page] we laye, the castel shot of a peal (with chambers hardely & all) of a .xxiiii. peces, we marched sowtheast from the Frith, into y^e landward. But part of vs kept the wey y^t the chiefe of the chase was continued in, whearby we founde most parte of the dead corpses liyng very rufully with y^e colour of their skynnes chaū ­ged grenish about y^e place they had be smitten in, and as thento abooue grounde vnberied, ma­ny also we perceyued to haue bene beried in Undreske church yarde, the graues of whoom, y^e Scots had very slyly for sight coouered agayn with grene turfe. By diuerse of these dead bodies wear thear set vp a stik with a clowte, with a rag, with an olde shoe or sū oother marke [Page] for knowlege, the which we vn­derstode to be markes made by y^e frendes of y^e partie dead when they had found him, whoō then sith they durst not for feare or lack of leasure conuey awey to bery while we wear in those partes, thei had stict vp a mark to fynde hym the sooner when we wear goon. And passyng that day all quietly a .vii. mile, we camped early for that night at Crainston, by a place of the Lorde of Ormstons. This morenynge his grace makyn­ge Master Andrew Dudley knight, broother vnto the erle of Warwyk (as his valiaunce sundry whear tried, had well before deserued it) dispatched my Lorde Admirall and hym by shippes full fraught wyth [Page] men and municion towarde the wynnyng of an holde in the east syde of Skotland called Broughty Crak, whiche ston­dest in such sort at the mouth of the tyuer of Tey, as that be­yng gotten, both Dundy, sainct Iohns town, and many tow­nes els (the best of the cuntrey in those partes, set vppon the Tey) shall eyther be cum sub­iecte vnto this holde, or els be compelled to for goo their hole vse of the riuer, for hauyng ony thyng thearby cummynge in­warde or outwarde.

¶We went a ten myle,Mūday y^e .xix. of september. and camped towarde night a lit­tell a thissyde a market town called Lawder: at the whiche as we had indede no frendely enterteynment, so had we no [Page] enuious resistaunce, for thear was no body at home. Here, as our tentes wear a pytchyng, a doosein or .xx. of their hedge crepers horsmen, that lay lurking thearby, lyke shepe byter cur­res to snach vp and it wear but a sory lambe for their prey, vp­pon a hill about half a mile sowtheast from vs, ran at and hurt one of our mē. For acqui­taile whearof, my lordes grace commaunded that .iii. or .iiii. houses (such as thei wear) ston­dyng also vppon a hill .ii. flight shot southward from our cāpe, shoolde be burnt. Thomas fis­sher his graces secretarie rode straight thyther w^t a burnyng brand in his tone hand, and his gun in the toother, accōpanied with no mo but one of his own [Page] men and fyred them all by and by. I noted it for my part an enterprise of a right good hart & courage, peraduēture so mooch the rather, bicaus I woold not gladly haue taken in hand to haue doon it so my self, spetial­ly since parte of these prikkers stode then within a slight shot of hī. Howbeit as in al this ior­ney vpon ony likelihode of by­sines I euer sawe hym right wel appointed and as forward as the best, so at the skirmish which the Scottes profered at Hailes castell on wedensday a­fore written the .vii. of this mo­neth, I sawe none so nere them as he: Whearby I maye haue good cause to be y^e les in doubt of his hardines. Here also as we wear setteled, our herauld Nor­rey [Page] retourned from the Skot­tes counsell, with the Larde of Brimston and Rose their he­raulde: who vppon theyr sute to my Lordes grace obteyned, that .v. of theyr counsell shool­de haue his graces safecundet that at ony tyme and place within fiften dayes durynge our abode in theyr cuntrey or at Berwyke, the same .v. might cum and commen with .v. of our counsell touching the mat­ters bitwene vs.

Tuysday the xx. of september.¶Rose the heraulde depar­ted erely with this saufecun­det, our campe reysed and we went that day an .vii. myle till as far as Hume castell: whear we camped on the westsyde of a rocky hill that they call ha­recrag [Page] whyche stondeth about a myle westwarde from the Castell. The Lorde of Hu­me (as I sayd) lay diseased at Edenborowe of his hurt in his flight at the Frydays skyrmysh before the battayle. the Lady his wife cam straight to my Lordes grace, makyng her humble sute that lyke as hys goodnes had graciously bene shewed to right many oo­ther in receyuynge them and their howses into his graces protection and assuraunce, e­uen so, that it woold pleas him to receyue and assure her and her howse the Castell: My Lordes grace myndynge ne­uer oother but to assure her she shoolde be sure soon to for­go [Page] it, turned straight her sute of assurance into communica­cion of tendring, for my part I doubt not but the terrour of extremitie by their obstinacy, and proffit of frēdship by their sub­mission, was sufficiētly shewed her: the which hauyng well (by like) considered, she lefte of her sute and desired respite for con­sultacion tyll the next day at noon, whiche hauyng graunted her, shere turned to the castell. They say a matche well made is half wun: we wear half put in assuraunce of a toward aun­swer by the promesse of a pro­phecy amoong the Frenchmen, which sayeth. Chasteau que par­loit & femme que escote: lūg voet rendre, & lautre: and so foorth. Thear wear certeī hakbutters [Page] that vpon appointment afore, had beset the castell: whoo then had further commaundement geuen them, that takyng dili­gent hede none shoulde pas in or out without my lordes gra­ces licence, they should also not occupie ony shot or annoyaun­ce tyll vpon further warnyng.

¶This Lady in this mean tyme consulted with her sun & heir prisoner with vs,Wednesday the .xxi. of september. and with oother her frendes the kepers of the castell, at the tyme ap­pointed, returned this day to my lordes grace: requirynge first a longer respit till .viii. a clock at night, and thearwith saufcundet for Andrew Hume her secund sun and Iohn Hume lord of Coldamknowes a kins­man of her husbāds, Captains [Page] of this castell, to cum and spea­ke with his grace in the meane while: It was graunted her, whearupon these Captains a­bout .iii. of the clock cam to his Lordship & after oother cooue­naūtes with long debatyng on bothe partes agreed vpon, she and these Captains concluded to geue their assent to render y^e Castell, so far foorth as the rest of the kepers woold thearwith be content. For .ii. or .iii. within (saide they) wear also in charge w^t keping it, as wel as they: for knowledge of whose mīdes, my lords grace then sent Soomer­set his herauld w^t this lady to y^e castel to them: who, as the he­rauld had made them priuie of the articles, woolde fayne haue had leasure for .xxiiii. houres [Page] lenger to send to their Lord to Edīborowe to kno his wil, but beyng wisely & sharply cauld vpō by the herauld, thei agreed to the coouenauntes, afore by their Lady and capteyns con­cluded on. Whearof parte we­ar (as I sawe by y^e sequele) that they shoolde departe thence the next daie mornyng by .x. of the clok with bagge and baggage as mooch as they coold cary, sauyng all municion and vy­tayle to be left be hynde them in the Castell: Howbeeit for as mooche as before tyme the­yr nacion had not bene all to­gether so iuste of coouenaunt, whearby as then we mought haue cause fyrmly to credyt their promys, my Lords grace prouidyng, ech wey to be redy [Page] for them, caused this night viii. peces of our ordinaunce fenced w^t baskets of earth to be plāted on the southsyde towarde the Castell within pour of batrie, & the hakbuttes to continue their watch and warde.

Thursday y^e xxii. of september.¶This mornyng my lords grace hauyng deputed my lord Gray to receyue the rendryng of the castell, and Sir Edward Dudley after to be captayn of the same. They both departed to yt: & at the time set, Androwe Hume and .iiii. oother of y^e che­fest thear with hym cam out, & yeldyng y^e castell deliuered my lord the keis. His lordship cau­syng the residue also to cumme out then, sauyng .vi. or .vii. to kepe their baggage w^tin (who all wear in number .lxxviii) en­tred [Page] y^e same with master Dud­ley and diuers oother gentlemē with him. He found thear indif­ferent good store, of vytayle & wyne: and of ordinaunce, twoo basterd culuerins, one sacre .iii. fawconets of bras, and of iren viii. peces beside. The castell stondeth vppon a rocky crag, with a prowd heith ouer all the contrie about it, on euery syde well me fenced by marrysh, all­most rounde in foorme, w^t thik walls▪ & (which is a rare thing vpō so hie and stonie a groūd) A faire well within yt. The ke­pyng of this castell my lord be­takyng vnto master Dudley accordyngly, retourned to my lordes grace at the campe.

We reised,Friday y^e xxiii. of september. and cam that mornyng to Rokesborow, and [Page] iii. myle from Hume: our camp occupied a greate fallowe felde betwene Rokesborowe and Kelseye stondyng eastward a quarter of a myle of: a prety mar­ket toun to, but they wear all goon foorth thear. My Lor­des grace wyth dyuers of the Counsell and Sir Richard lee knight (whose chardge in this expedycyon spetially was to appoynt the pioners ech whear in woork as he shoolde thynke meete, and then (whear my lor­des grace assigned) to deuyse the fourme of byldyng for for­tificacion: whoom suerly the goodnes of his wytt and hys greate experience hath made in that science right excellent) went straight to Rokesborowe [Page] to caste what thear for strengthnyng might be doon. The plot and syte whearof hath bene in tyme paste a Castell,Rokesborow. and standeth naturally very strong, vpon a hyll east and west of an eyght skore in length and .iii. skore in bredth, draw­ynge to narownes at the easte ende: the hole grounde whe­arof, the old walles doo yet en­uyron. Besyde the heyth and hardines to cum to, it is strōgly fenced on eythter syde with the course of ii. great riuers, Tiuet on the north and Twede on the sowth: both which ioyning sum what nie to gyther at the west ende of it, Tyuet by a large cumpas a bowte the feldes wee laye in, at Kelsey dooth [Page] fall into this Twede which w^t greate deapth & swiftnes run­neth from thence eastward into the sea at Berwyk, and is no­table and famous for .ii. com­modities specially, Salmons: and whetstones. Ouer this, betwyxte kelsey and Rokesborowe hath thear bene a great stone bridge with arches, the which y^e Skottes in time paste haue all to broken bycaus we shoold not that wei cum to them. Soō after my Lords graces survey of the plot and determinacion, to doo asmuch indeede for ma­kynge it defensyble, as short­nes of the tyme and season of y^e yere could suffer: (which was, y^t one great trench of twenty foot brode with deapth accordyng, and a wall of lyke breadth, and [Page] heyth, shoold be made a cros w^t in the castel from the tone side­wall to thoother and a .xl. foot from the west ende: and that a like trēch and wall shoold like­wise be cast a trauers within about a quoyts cast frō theast ende, and hereto that the castell walles on either syde, whear neede was shoolde be mended with turfe and made w^t loop­holes as well for shooting di­rectly foorthward as for flan­kyng at hand: the woork of which deuise did make, that bi­syde the sauegard of these tren­ches & walles, y^e kepers shoold also be much fenced by both the ende walles of the castel) y^e pio­ners wear set a woork and di­ligently applied in the same.

¶This day the Lard of Ces­foorth, [Page] and many oother lards and gentlemen of Tyuetdale and their marches thear ha­uyng cum and communed with my Lordes grace, made vs an assuraunce (which was a frend­ship and as it wear a truis) for that daye till the next day at nyght.

¶This daye in the meane while theyr assuraunce lasted, these Lardes and gentlemen aforesayde, beyng the Chefeste in the hole marches and Ty­uetdale, cam in agayn, whoom my Lords grace with wysdom and pollecie without any figh­tynge or bloodshed, dyd wyn then vnto the obedience of the kyngs maiestie: for the whyche they dyd wyllyngly then also [Page] receyue an oth, whose names ensue.

• The lard of Ceffoorth.
• The lard of Fernyherst.
• The lard of Grenehed.
• The lard of Hunthill.
• The lard of Hundley.
• The lard of Markestone by mersyde.
• The lard of Bouniedworth.
• The lard of Ormeston.
• The lard of Mallestaynes.
• The lard of Warmesey.
• The lard of Lynton.
• The lard of Egerston.
• The lard of Marton.
• The lard of Mowe.
• The lard of Ryddell.
• The lard of Reamersyde.

• [Page]George Trombull.
• Iohn Hollyburton.
• Robert Car.
• Robert Car of Greyden.
• Adam Kyrton.
• Andrew Meyther.
• Saunder Spuruose of Er­leston.
• Mark Car of Litleden.
• George Car of Faldenside.
• Alexander Makdowell.
• Charles Rotherford.
• Thomas Car of the yere.
• Ihon Car of Meynthorn.
• Walter Holy burton.
• Richard Hanganfyde.
• Andrew Car.
• Iames Douglas of Ea­uers.
• Iames Car of Mersyngtō.
• [Page]George Hoppringl [...]
• William Ormeston of End­merden.
• Ihon Grymslowe.

Many wear thear mo besyde, whose names also for that they remayne in regester with these, I haue thought the lesse mister here to wryt.

My lords grace did tender so mooch y^e furtheraūce of y^e work in y^e castell, y^t this daie (as euery day els duryng our campynge thear) his grace dyd not styk to digge w^t a spade abooue .ii. houres him self:Curti. lib. viii. whearby as his es­tate sure was no more embased then y^e maiestie of great Alexā ­der what time w^t his oun hādes he set the poor colde soldiour in his oun chaire of estate▪ to re­leeue hym by his tier. So by y^e [Page] example herof was euery man so mooued, as thear wear but fewe of Lordes knightes and gentlemen in the feld, but with spade shoouell or mattook did thearin, right willyngly & vn­compeld their partes.

Sunday the xxv. of sep­tember.¶ This daye began the Skottes to brynge vitayll to our campe, for the whiche they wear so well entreated and paide, that durynge the tyme we laye thear, we wanted none of the commodities their cōtry coold minister.

Munday the xxvi of sep­tember.¶ No notable thyng but the continuaunce of our woork at the Castell: for furtheraunce whearof, order was taken that the Captayns of footmen eche after oother shoolde send vp his C. of souldiours thither [Page] to woorke an houres space.

¶ The larde of Coldeham­knowes not hauyng so fully kepte hys appoyntment made at Hume Castell touchyng his cummynge agayn to my Lor­des grace,Tuisday the xxvii. of sep­tember at Rokesborowe: Sir Raufe Uane with a twoo or .iii.C. horses, about .iii. of the clock in this mornyng was sent for hym to his house, whi­che was a .vii. myte from vs: the whyche chardge Master Uane dyd so earnestly ap­plye, as he was thear wyth his number before .vi: but the Larde whither he was warned thearof by priuie skout or spie, he was passed by, an oother waye, and was soon after .vii. with my Lordes grace in the [Page] cāpe, master Uane was welcū ­med and hauing no resistaunce made, but al submitted, & prof­fer of chere (for so had the lorde charged his wyfe to doe) soon after he retourned to y^e campe.

This day my lordes grace was certefied by letter from my lorde Clynton and sir Andrew Dudley that on the wednesday last beyng y^e .xxi. of this moōth, after certein of their shott dis­charged against the castell of Browghty Crak, thesame was yeldyn vnto them, the whiche sir Andrew dyd then enter, and after kepe as captain.

Wedynsday the .xxviiii. of september.¶ A Skottysh heraulde ac­cumpanied with certein Frēch­men y^t wear perchaunce more desierous to marke our armie then to wit of our welfare, cam [Page] and declared from their coūsell y^e within a seuenight after, their commissioners to whoom my lords grace had before graun­ted his safecundet, shoold cum & commune with our counsel at Berwyk: whose cūming my lorde Lieutenaūt & master Trea­surer & thoother of our commissioners did so long while there abyde. But these Skottes (as men that ar neuer so iuste, and in nothing so true as in breache of promys and vsyng vntruth) neither cam, nor by like ment to cū: And yet sure take I this no fetch of no fine deuise, ōles thei mean hereby to wyn, y^t thei shal nede neuer after to promys; v­syng the feate of Arnus, In Epigrā. Mor [...]. who w^t his all weys swearyng and his euer liyng, at last obteined that [Page] his bare woorde was as much in credyt as his solemn oth, but his solemn oth indeede no more then an impudent lye: Howbeit since I am certeyn that sundry of them, haue she­wed themselues right honest, I woold be loth here to be coūted so vnaduised, as to arret y^e fau­tes of many to y^e infamie of al.

It was sayde amoong vs they had in the meane tyme receyued letters of consolacion and of many gay offers from the French kyng: yet had that bene no cause to haue broken promys w^t y^e coūsel of a Ream: Howbeit, as these letters wear to thē but an vnprofitable pla­ster to heale their hurt then, so ar thei full likly (if thei trust much therin) to fynd thē a corzey that [Page] will freate them a nue sore.

¶ My lords grace conside­ryng that of vertue and well­dooyng the proper mede is ho­nour. Aswell thearfore for re­warde to them that had afore doon well, as for cause of en­coorage to oother then after to doo the lyke, dyd this daye af­ter noon adourne many Lor­des knyghtes and gentlemen with dignitees as folowe. The names and promotiōs of whoō I haue here set in order, as they wear placed in the herauldes book.

• Sir Rafe Sadlier,
  Banereis.
  Trea­surer.
• Sir Fraunces Bryan, Cap­teyn of the light horsmen.
• Sir Rafe Uane, Lieutenaūt of all the horsmen.

[Page]These knightes wear made Banerettes a dignitie abooue a knight, and next to a Baron, whose acts I haue partly tou­ched in the story before.

• Knightes▪
  The lord Grace of Wylton high Marshall.
• The lord Edward Seimor my lordes graces sun.

Of these, the reder shal also fynde before.

• The lord Thomas Haward
• The lord Walldyke.
• Sir Thomas Dacres.
• Sir Edward Hastyng.
• Sir Edmund Brydges.
• Sir Ihō Thinne, my lords graces Stuard of hows­hold.
• Sir Miles Partrich.
• Sir Ihon Conwey.
• Sir Giles Poole.
• [Page]Sir Rafe Bagnolle.
• Sir Oliuer Laurence.
• Sir Henry Gates.
• Sir Thomas Chaloner, one of the Clerks of the kyngs ma­iesties priuie coūsel, and in this armie, (as I mought call him) chefe secretarie, who with his great peyns and expedite dili­gēce in dispatch of things pas­syng from my lords grace and the coūsel thear, did make y^t his merite was not with y^e meanest.
• Sir Fraunces Flemmynge master of thordinaunce thear, a gentlemā whoom long exercise & good obseruaunce hath made in that feate right perfit, whear vnto in this viage he ioyned so mooch hede and diligence, as it was well found how much his seruice did stede.
• [Page]Sir Ihon Gresham.
• Sir William Skipwyth.
• Sir Ihon Buttes.
• Sir George Blaag.
• Sir William Frauncis.
• Sir Fraunces Knolles.
• Sir William Thorborow.
• Sir George Haward.
• Sir Iames Wylforde.
• Sir Rauf Coppinger.

But y^t I haue writtē in y^e storie before w^t what forward har­dines Sir George haward did bear y^e kings maiestie stāderd in y^e battail, & thear also of y^e industrious peyn of sir Iames Wilford, & how sir Rauf Coppīger did aied not smally in saufgard of the standard of our horsmen, I woolde haue bene more dili­gent to haue rehersed it here.

• Sir Thomas Wētwoorth.
• Sir Ihon Maruen.
• [Page]Sir Nychās Straunge.
  Yet knightes
• Sir Charles Sturton.
• Sir Hugh Askue.
• Sir Frauncis Salmyn.
• Sir Richard Tounley.
• Sir Marmaduke Cūstable
• Sir George Awdeley.
• Sir Ihon Holcroft.
• Sir Ihon Soutwoorth.
• Sir Thomas Danby.
• Sir Ihon Talbott.
• Sir Rowland Clerk.
• Sir Ihon Horsely.
• Sir Iohn Forster.
• Sir Christofer Dies.
  iii. spaniards.
• Sir Peter Negroo.
• Sir Alonzo de vile.
• Sir Henry Hussey.
• Sir Iames Granado.
• Sir Water Bonham.
• Sir Robert Brādling mayr of new castell and made knight [Page] thear at my lordes graces re­tourne.

As it is not to be douted but right many mo in the armie be­side these, did also well and va­liauntly quite them. Although their prefermente was rather then differred, then their deserts yet to forgotten: euen so amōg these wear thear right many, the knowledge of whose actes and demerytes, I coold not cū by: And yet woold haue no man no more to doubt of the worthines of their aduauncemēt then they ar certein of his circūspec­tiō and wisedome, who preferd them to it. Whearupon all mē may safely thus far foorth without offence presume, y^t his grace vnworthely bestowed this honour on no man.

[Page]By this day, as Rokesbo­rowe was sufficiently made te­nable and defensible, (y^t whiche to see, my lordes grace semed half to haue vowed before he woold thence departe) his grace and the counsell did first deter­mine, that my lord Gray shoold remayne vpō the borders thear as the kynges maiesties Lieu­tenaunt. And then took ordre for the forts, that sir Andrew Dudley Captein of Broughty Crak had leaft with hym .CC. soldiours of hakbutters and oother, and a sufficient number of pyoners for his works. Sir Edwarde Dudley Captain of Hume castell lx. hakbutters .xl. horsemē and a .C. pioners. Sir Rafe Bulmer captain of Ro­kesborowe .CCC. souldyours [Page] of hakbutters & oother, & .CC. pioners.

Thursday the xxix. of sep­tember being Mighelmas day.¶ As thinges wear thus con­cluded, & warnyng gyuen ouer night that our cāpe shoold this day dissolue, euery man fell to pakkyng a pace: my Lordes grace this morening soon after vii. of the clok was passed ouer the Twede here. The best place whearof for gettīg ouer (whych was ouer against the west ende of our cāp, and not farr from y^e brokē atches of y^e brokē bridge) was yet with great stones in y^e bottom so vneuen of grounde: And by reason of rayne that la­tely tel before, the water so depe and the streame so swyft that right many of our horsemen and footmen wear greately at theyr passage in perell, and [Page] one or twoo drowned: and ma­ny cariages ouerthrowen and in greate daunger also of lo­syng.

My lords grace toke his wey strayght toward Nuecastell, and thence homeward: And my lordtherle of Warwik, my lord Grey, and sir Rafe, Sadleyr w^t diuers oother rode towarde Barwyke, to abide the cūmyng of the Scottish commissioners. In y^e meā time of tariyng thear my lord of Warwyk did make v. knights.

• Sir Thomas Neuell, the lord Neuels broother.
• Sir Anthony Strelley.
• Sir Uerney.
• Sir Ihon Barteuile, Frēch man. and anoother.

[Page]But the Skottes lyke men, though supper in couenaunt yet cōstant in vsage: and thear­fore les blusshing to break promes, then custome, came not at all: whearupō my lord & oother of our commissioners, hauyng taryed for them, the full time of appoyntment which was vn­til the iiii. of october, y^e next day after departed thēce homeward. In part of y^e meane time, while my lordes grace was thus do­yng thexploits in Skotlād as I haue before written, the erle of Linnos, w^t my lord Whartō lord Warden of our westmar­ches against Skotland (accor­ding as his grace had before takē order) w^t a nūber of v.M. entred Skotlād on the west mar­ches. And first passing a ii. mile [Page] (after a dayes & a nightes de­fence) they wan the churche of Annan, a strōg place and very noysum alwey vnto oure men as they passed that wey. Thear they toke .lxii. prisoners the ke­pers of thesame, burnt y^e spoile for cumber of caryage, and caused the churche to be blowen w^t pouder: passinge thence, a .xvi. mile within the lōd, soon after they wan a hold, called y^e castle of mylke, y^e which they left well furnyshed with municion & mē and so retourned. Diuers other actes notable they did, here left vnwrittē of me, because vnknowen too me, but asmuche as I certeinly hard of, I haue thou­ght mete hereunto to adde: be­cause I may wel coūt theim as part of this expediciō & viage.