AYOT. h. 18. called Ayot Lawrence, neere which place Adelnulph and Adelbaide his sonne gaue theAnno. 829. Danes an ouerthrow: the place to this day where they were slayne, is called DANE-ENDDacorum clades. Dacorum clades.

AYOT h. 20. called Ayet Mountfitchet or little Ayot.

ALDBERIE d. 30. Villa vel aula antiqua.

ALDBERYE i. 18. eiusdem significationis.

AFFLEY e. 14.

ALDNHAM m. 18. Idem quod ALD-BERYE.

S. ALBANS. k. 18. Villa Albani. ALBANS TOWNE first founded by Offa K. of the Mercees, in perpetuall memorie ofAlbans towne founded. 790▪ or 793. Holmchurst. Dours-waldt Alban in the 33 yeere of his raigne. The Towne is said to be buil­ded in the place where Alban was martyred, namely vpon a hill in a wood called HOLMEHVRST of Beda DOVRS­WALDT: which is the wood neere the water, meaning the great Stagne, which was betweene Verlame and the place of Alban exe­cution. Alban was a Cittizen of Verolame, and by bloud a Romane, and gaue entertainement to Amphibal at his comming to that citie. by whom he was from Paganisme conuerted to the Christian faith,Capgraue. for which he suffered as Capgraue affirmeth, whose further friuo­lous reportes of the miracles wrought by this holy Conuert, liuing and dead, I leaue as idle or needelesse▪ onely it seemeth probable that such a man there was executed at that place, and for his eter­nall commemoration, this Albans Monasterie was founded, and consequently the towne, both consecrate to his owne name. And endowed with many large priuiledges and dayly augmented and successiuely confirmed, by the charters of many Kings of this LandThe Kings auncient confirmati­on of char­ters. The Mona­sterie en­larged. The priui­ledges of S. Albans. whereof I haue seene and read not a sewe; signed onely signo crucis without further ceremonie of sealing.

This Monasterie hath bene enlarged by sundrie Abbots of this place, as especially by Eldred and Edmer about Eadgars time, and in Edward 3. time, who gaue the then Abbot Licentiam ad confirmardam et kernellandam Abathiam de calce et petra: in the 31. yeere of his raigne ouer England, and of his raigne ouer Fraunce the 18.

Such were the priuiledges of this place, that the King coulde make no secular officer ouer them, but by their owne consent.

They were acquitted of all Toll through England.

They made Iustices ad audiendum et terminandum, within them­selues, [Page 10] and no other Iustice could call them for any matter out of their libertie.

They made also Bayliffes and Corroners.

No Bishoppe had any Iurisdiction to correct any person among them for any matter spirituall or temporall.

They had the execution and returne of all writs, and the goodes of all Outlawes: and that is yet continued to the Towne by thePresent Priuiledges of the town graunt of Edward 6. And no man may bee impanelled out of the Towne.

They had gayle and gayle deliuerie within the towne: and the towne at this day hath the like, namely one gayle for the libertie,Gayle and gayle deliuerie. Th'incor­poration. and another for the towne. For the gayle deliuerie, the Steward of the towne is alwayes in commission, but not by their Charter.

The towne is gouerned by a Maior and 10. Burgesses, a stewarde and a Chamberlaine.

There are in the towne 4. Wards and in euery Ward a Constable and 2. Churchwardens.

In the Abbey church of this place is a Font of brasse brought out of Scotland by Sir Richard Lée: as may appeare by a circum­scription about the same font, as if the font did proclaime the same in it owne person in these wordes.

In this Abbey church lyeth buried famous Sir Iohn Mandeuile Sir Iohn Maundeuile. liuely formed in a marble stone: whose trauayles in forraine regions and rare reportes, are at this time admired through the world.

There lie also many Nobles, who lost their liues in the conflictesNobles bu­ried. in and neere this towne, betweene the houses of Lancaster and Yorke.

In the North-west ende of the towne was sometime a stately castle, and called KINGSBERRIE, which is as much, as theKingsberie castle. Kinges house or castle, for BERRYE castrum et castrametationem significat: the ruines thereof doe yet somewhat appeare, the place now supplied with a farme house. The Abbot of that place in the time of K. Stephen made suite vnto the K. to ouerthrowe and sup­plant the same castle, for that (as he suggested) Antiquis tempori­bus latebant quidam regales nequam homines, Abbatis minus infesti et damnosi. At whose instance the castle was forthwith ouerthrowne.A graat Meere be­tweene Verlame and S. Albans.

There was sometime a great Meere or stagne, betweene this towne and olde Verolamium▪ and many haue constantly, but idlely affirmed, that the Thames hath had issue that way, and nauigable so farre, a thing meerely fabulous, though it be true, that an ancker [Page 11] was sometime founde there. It was indeede Stagnum maximum an ample and large fishpoole of the Kinges, and belonged to his ca­stle of Kingsberie before spoken of: And the Kinge for his recre­ation, and delight lying there, did often passe by boate, to and fro within the same, according to the order of the noble men and gen­tlemen of Rome, who did vsually, make fayre fishpondes aboute their houses, to recreate themselues therein: and these with ex­ceeding cost, as Marcus Varro wryteth especially of the wonder­full large and costly fishpondes of Hortentius, Hircius and Lucullus. And of these, and such other princely Romans, did these Verlame Citizens, take president for this great ponde, which comming af­terwardes to the king of the land, he often tooke his repasle there­in, accompanyed commonly with no smalle troupe of his nobles, and therefore the boates, were prouided of large hull, furnished with cable and ancer, that at the kings pleasure, the boate might be moared in any parte of the poole, whereby, how easie it is to loose an ancre in the meere reason may iudge, and this was the occasion of the losse, of the ancre doubtlesse that was found there, and not ordinarie recourse of shippes as some vainely suppose. And yet as Ouid sayth: & vetus inuenta est in montibus anchora summis. This fish­pooleThe ponde bought of the king & drained dry continued in this pryde, till the time of Alfric the seuenth Abbott of this Monastery, who bought the same of the king, and by industry and charge caused it to be drayned drie: And the more to argue it to be but a fishpoole there remayneth yet one witnesse, a streete in the towne lying towardes it called FISHPOOLE­STREETE.Fishpoole streete.

If any boates in former times, came thither, they came from Staenes and vp the Colne riuer to Rickmansworth, to Watforde and so to S. Albans, but in no sence to the place where the ancre was founde, for that the fall of the water there was such as it coulde yeelde no accesse for shipping against the same. There is indeede a feilde be­lowe S. Albans called key feyld, and belowe Rickmansworth, a place vpon the riuer called Westhythe, which may in sort argue some such passage for boates, but for the first it may bee aswell pascuum, vacci­num a pastour for kye, or kyne, as a strande for fastening of boates or ships & more like. And Westhithe may be as wel taken for a house as for a harbour of ships. And yet these simple probabilities might worke that conceite in Gildas, who was the authour of this error.

In and about this towne, haue beene sundry battelles conflictesS. Albans spoyled. and spoyles, as in the time of Henrie 3. one Falcatius de Brent a no­torious robber, with a companie of wicked persons came too this towne by night, spoyled the same and murthered many: and would haue set the Abbey on fire, But the Abbot feed him with 100 pound to depart.

This was a dangerous time when theeues and murtheres must be hyred for rewarde and not constrayned by iustice, to desist from [Page 12] violence and bloud.

In the same yeare it was ransackt againe by the souldiees, that went vnder the conduct of Earle Patric, Sayre and others to remoueThe 2 spoile of S. Albans. the seidge of Mount Sorrell.

Moreouer, about the yeare 1455. Henrie 6. of the famelie of Lancaster with many of his nobles, at this towne mett with Richard Duke of Yorke, and his adnerentes, where the king was taken, andA batte'l at S. Albans. a great slaughter made vpon his men, euen of best accoumpt. But afterwardes within 4. yeares neere the same, at a place called by the inhabitants BERNET FEYLD but I take it rather Brentes feild, of the former Falcatius de Brent, such as stood affected to the fa­mely of Lancaster, vnder the conduct of Margaret the Queene, migh­tily preuayled against the complices of the house of Yorke, to the infranchesing of the Captaiue king, and ouerthrowe of many ofThe 2. bat­tel neere S. Albans. the aduerse parte.

In the middle of this towne is a crosse, verie stately erected a­bout the yeare of Christ 1290. by Edward 1. as in many other pla­ces, in memoriall of the death and dolefull carriage of his Queene, from. Herdbie nere Lincolne where shee dyed, towardes Westminster where she was buryed.

At this place was executed that Libellor aud stirrer of the com­mons named Iohn Ball in the time of Richard the 2.Iohn Ball executed.

The terme is sometime kept in the Abbey chutch where all pla­ces are orderly prouided for the same.

AMWELL. h. 28. which signifieth fontem amnensem a well by the riuers side.

ANSTIE. b. 30. At this place are the ruynes and deepe tren­ches of a stronge castle, scituate aloft on a steepe hi [...]l, and was cal­led HANST-HYE castle depraecipitio. I take it of the stepe­nesle of it.Hanst-hye castle.

ASPENDEN. d. 24. so called eyther detremules of the Aspe trees, or for that it hath beene cauerna viperina a place of venemous wormes.

ASTON. f. 22.

ASHWELL. b. 20. fons inter fraxinos. M. Camdtn taketh it to be, that which Antoninus termth in his ltenerari MAGIOVINIVM Magiouiniū. And he prooueth it by the signification of the worde Magionirdum, chaunging only n. for u. which then signifieth a nurserie for Ashes, and so much doth the nature of the place fitly import▪

ASHRIDGE. i. 10. Iugum fraxinium, at this place was an her­mitage built by Edward Beanforde Earle of Cornewall, wherein (so it1291. was esteemed) Edward 1. kept a royall Christmas. Wherein also our moste worthie and euer famous Queene Elizabeth lodged as in her owne, (being then a more stately house) at the iime of Wy­atts 2. Elizabeth attempt in Queene Maryes dayes. And from this place she was in all post sent for to the courte, by such seuere Commissionars, that [Page 12] though she were then sicke, she was forced to take her iourney with them. The worthy history whereof to our perpetuall ioy, for that the high Iehouah seeing her innocencie preserued her to the regall throane, is at large set downe in our Chronicles.

This place is lately beautified by the Lord Cheyney.

B.

BARHAMSTED. k. 8. or rather BERGHAMSTEDT villa sita inter montes BERG in the Saxon tonge is a hil, HAM a towne, and STEDT or STADT a place or seat, and theBerg quid hom quid stedt quid scituation of this place agreeth to the former interpretation.

Nere vnto this towne was a stronge castle, the ruynous walles and some buildinges thereof yet remaine. It was builded (as M. Camden affirmeth) by the Normans.

The Conqueror, in deede stayd there, as histories report, as he passed through the country, And thither resorted vnto him many Lordes and nobles of the Realme, At which time, it is like, he gaueBarkhamsted castle. order for the erecting of the castle, if it were not a castle when he made stay there, the beauty and strength of the castle, is now ad­uaunced on a loftie hill, stataly and pleasant not farre from the olde site, not holding the former forme of a castle, but is become with addition and charge a beautifull house, by Sir Edward Carry knight M. of her maiesties lewell house.

Lewes of Frauncè beseiged this castle against Henrie 3. the first yeare of his raigne, in the time of which seige certayne knightes and souldiers salied out of the castle, adn depriued the aduersary ofThe castle beseiged. sundry pillage, and safely returned. But afterward at the kinges commaundement it was yelded vp to Lewes.

Richard king of Almane dyed in this castle who was also Earle of Cornewall, and brother to Henry 3. And Cicelie mother to Edward the fourth. And wife too the Duke of Yorke, too whome theRich. king of Almain died castle belonged, ended her dayes in this place in the time of Henry 7. after she had seene the deserued fall of vsurping Richard▪ who was also borne in this castle, some say at Fotheringay.

There is in the towne of Barkhamsted a fayre free Schoole built of bricke, by doctor Incent sometime deane of Paules, the stipendRic. 3. borne A free schoole. of the Master is 20. pound per annum, of the vsher 10. pound confirmed by acte of parliament.

It is a market towne, and standeth most vpon making of malt, it hath two fayres in the yeare.

BARKHAMSTED. i. 26. or Berghamsted vt supra.

BARKEWAY. b. 28. I haue seene it in an auncient recorde BERGWANT which is as much as viain montem the way to theBerg-want. hill, it is a market towne. In Nouember last much defaced wtih sire.

BARLEY, a. 28▪ or BERGLEG ager montosus.

[Page 13]BARFEYLD b. 24. I haue read it in the Saxon Berȝfeldt, and signifieth the same that Bergleg doth.

BALDOCK d. 20. a market towne standing betweene the hils, little furnished with any matter of moment, onely it yeeldeth malt­makers not a few, the prayse of the place is the chalkie soyle fitte for corne.

BAYFORD i. 26.

BERNET n. 26. or BERGNET monticulus, called high Ber­net of the scituation on a hill, and chipping Bernet of the market famous for cattle, there bought and sold euery munday.

BERNET n. 18▪ called East Bergnet.

BERNET feyld k. 16. a place vulgarly so called, but corruptly as I take it, it should be rather Brentes feyld, of that Fulcatius de Brent Brentes-feyld. spoken of before in S. Albans, who with a troupe of wicked men, a­bout this place robbed and murthered many.

In this feyld, was the matter handled by deadly blowes, betweene Queene Margaret leading the fauourers of the house of Lancaster, Queene Margarets victorie. and the complices of the house of Yorke, & where she redeemed the king that was taken before at the battell of S. Albans, And gaue the kinges and her enemies a sound requitall.

BENINGTON e. 24. or BENIGNTON villa Benigna, eyther of the bountie of the inhabitantes, or the pleasent and profi­rable scituation of the place. As Blithe in the North partes de iucun­ditate of myrth and good fellowship.

But it may bee BENETON of a riuer called BENE, orBene. Benefician. BENEFICIAN which riseth neere it, which carryeth greate probabilitie.

BENGEHOO h. 26. or rather BENEHOO which is rightly enterpreted the riuer of Bene, BENEHOO for Benegoe in the Germaine tongue, HOO with vs being pronounced for GOWGow & Hoo. idem. which is in the French EAV, with vs water.

BEDMONT l. 16. a hamlet called Bedmont ponde de Stagno of the poole neere it

BELLBARR l. 24.

BIGRAVE c. 20. a parishe wherein is onely the Berye, of Mannor house and none other.

BOVRNE-END k. 10.

BOVINGDON m. 10.

BROAD-WATER f. 20. a little hamlet whereof Broad-wa­ter hundred taketh name, so called not of the continuall water for the place is commonly drie: But at great flouds the fall of the land water maketh it a great Sea.

BRAGBERG-END f. 22.

BRADFEYLD a hamlet sometime a chappell of ease nowe ecayed.

BRANFEYLD k. 24. It was giuen by one Hardewine de Sea­leris [Page 14] and Odell his wife to th'aduancement of Albans Monastery.

BROWGHING d. 28. or BRAWGHING, A libertie hauing other members, And thereof Brawghing hundred taketh name.

BEOX-BORNE i. 30, or BROOKES-BORNE de aqua.

BVSHIE o. 18. aptly so called de Dumis of the Bushes, and woodes there, heretofore abounding.

BVRWELL f. 24. or BVRGHWELL

BVNTINGFORD a. 26. a large hamlet and a good thorow­fare: also a market towne, standing as it is sayd in foure seuerall pa­rishes, namely in Layston, Widiall, Throcking, and Aspenden. And hath two fayres in the yeare.

BVCKLAND b. 26. fortè de fagis.

C.

CALK-COTE b. 18. rightly so called de creta vel calce, and signifieth cretaceam casam, a house standing in a chalkie soyle.cretacea casa.

CAISHOO n. 16. or CAEGSHO, M. Camden deri­ueth the name de Cassijs of a people mentioned by Caesar who had their aboad in this part as is supposed.

Caishoo should import a water, called CAIS or Caegs the name,Cassij. it may bee, of the riuer that passeth through this hundred, called CAISHOO or Caegeshoo hundred, called of Hollenshed GADES and giues name to the Gadesdens, where the riuer riseth: And so by corruption of pronunciation they call it Caishoo for Gadeshoo, Gades Gades. Cais. Gaegs. riuer or else is GADES mistaken for CAIS or CAEGS and so for Caisden or Caegsden pronounced Gadesden, for doubtlesse the riuer giueth name to Caishoo or Caegshoo, or Gadeshoo-berye.

Offa king of Mercia gaue vnto the monasterie of S. Albans, a place by the name of Caegshoo, whether it were the whole hundred Caeg­shoo-bery or some place else now decayed, I can not affrime. But I take it most like to be the whole hundred for that the most of it be­longeth to the libertie of S. Albans.

CHIPPERS FEYLD m. 12.

COLNEY l. 20.

COLNEY-STREET l. 18, these take name of Colney streame, which giueth name also to Colnebrooke, a towne standing both in Buc­kinghamshire and Middlesex.

CODERYD a. 24. or Caude-rydge iugum frigidum.

CHESFEYLD e. 20. forte CHOISFEYLD Ager delectus, for the rich scituation in so fertile a corne soyle.

CHESTON l. 30. cur non Chestin? castanetum of chesse­nut trees.chestin.

CORNERHALL a hamlet so called for the suddaine tur­ning in it from Hemsted way to Barkhamsted.

[Page 15]CLOTHALL d. 20.

• COLGREENE h. 24.
• COLLIERS-END f. 26.

COLSEHILL greene o. 8, a hamlet of Hartfordshire, yet within Buckinghamshire foure miles from the neerest parte of Hari­fordshire▪

CVMBERLOW greene d. 22.Casa frigi­da.

CVDICOTE g. 20. or CAVDE-COTE casa frigida.

D.

DANE-END i. 26. terminus velclades Dacornm.

DANE-END h. 16. of these see more in the definition of the hundred DACORVM.

DIGSWELL h. 22.

DATCH-WORTH g. 22.

E.

EAST-WIKE g. 32. vicus orientalis.

ELSTREE n. 20. in OFFAES grant EAGLESTRE

Nemus aquilinum: a place wherit may be thought Eagles breddNemus a­quilinium. in time past, for though it be nowe hilly and heathy-it hath beene replenished with stately trees, fit for such fowle to breede and har­bour in. It is parcell of the libertie of S. Albans.

EPPALETS e. 16, or HIPPOLETTS, vulgarly PAL­LETS, this place was dedicate to a supposed Saint of that name,Eppalets was a good horseleach. that in his life time was a good tamer of colts, and as good a horse­leach: And for these qualities so deuoutly honored after his death, as all passengers by that way on horsebacke, thought themselues bound to bring their steedes into the church, euen, vp to the high aulter, where this holy horseman was shryned, and where a Priest continually attended, to bestowe such fragmentes of Eppolettes my­racles, vpon their vntamed coltes and olde wanton, and forworne Iades, as hee had in store, And did auaile so much the more or lesse, as the passengers were bountifull or hard-handed, but he that was coy of his coyne had but a colde and counterfeite cure.

ESENDEN i. 24. or EAVSENDEN.

F.

FLAMSTED i. 14, It may be VERLAM-STED, a placeVerlamsted. vpon the riuer Verlame for there it riseth, which of the aunci­ents was called Verlame water, of vs Redburne streame which runnes betweene the Ruines of Verlamcester and S. Albans, Verlamsted is more tedious in pronunciation then is Flamsted, and therefore [Page 17] Flamsted held in vse, and soundeth locum Flamenus. And was somtime a baronie so called.

FLAVNDEN n. 10.

FINCHES-END e. 22.

G.

GADES-DEN i. 10. or CAIS-DEN called GADES­DEN magna. It taketh name of the Riuer Gades or Cais see more of this before in Caishoo.

GADES-DEN i. 10. called Gades-den parua.

GELDS-DEN g. 32.

GRAVELEY e. 18. or GRAVESLEY terra praepositi, theGraueley cum Ches­feyld. Reeues land: Chesfeyld is annexed vnto it, and in al charges is called Graueley cum Chesfeyld.

GRAVES-END d. 32. limes prepositi the Reeues end or the bound of the precincte of the Reeues office, this officer at this day in many partes Westward is yet in force, especially in anncient de­meisne Land.

H.

HARDING h. 16. in record HARPEDEN or HAR­PENDEN.

HATFEYLD k. 22. or HAVTFEYLD Campus alius called Bushoppes Hautfeyld for that it did sometime belong to the Bushoppe of Elye.

It is now her Maiesties, and will bee for euer famous, for that itQueene Eli­zabeth. first offered forth our most worthy Elizabeth to the Regal diademe, and to recelue the triumphant cepter of this Realme, happie in her Royal Maiestie. And therefore let Hautfeyld be euer famous.

HARTFORD h. 26. after M. Camden HERVDFORD for the THE RVDFORD.

But vnder correction (reuerenoing his iudgement) Irather take it vadum ceruinum. HARTSFORD a passage for Deere, moreVadum cer­uinum. like then Oxeford should be de vado Boum, where in deed it is Ous-ford A passage or forde ouer the Riuer Ouse, which giueth name to Ows­ney. More is sayd of Hartford before in the definition of the Shire.

There is in this towne a Castle neuer of great strength, buylt asThe castle is thought by Edward 1. and much increased by the houses of Clare and Lancaster, and is at this day accompted parcell of the Duchie of Lancaster.

Rogerus de Clare was created Earle of this place in the time ofRoger de Clare. Henrie 2.

The Castle and Towne standeth vpon the Lea, which is sayde toPassage for Shippes. haue yeelded passage for shipping euen to the walles of the Castle, which I dare, neither to affirme or denie, hauing seene no record to [Page 18] prooue the one or impossibilities for the other, more is sayde of the Lea and of the passage for ships, before in handling the Riuers.

This Towne hath beene of greater state, estimation and beautie then now it is, And had foure parish churches; namly S. Michaells, & S. Maryes decayed, onlie All Saintes and S. Androwes stand.

It hath beene most rob-d of her glory, by Wayres aduancementThe cause of Hartfords decay. The corpo­ration. which since the turning of the high way through it hath flourished more and more, and this dayly withered.

It hath a corporation, a Bayliffe, elcuen Burgesses, and a Serge­ant, the gayle for the Shire is in this towne, and the gayle deliuerie in the castle, and vpon occasion, namely when the sickenes visiteth London, the terme for the most part is kept here in the castle, to theThe terme. great reliefe of the poore towne.

It hath market Saterday, and 4. fayres in the yeare.

HARTINGFORD-BERY h. 24 whereof see in the de­finition of the Shire.

HAVT-WICK c. 24. de alto situ.

HADHAM f. c2 called Hadham magna where the Bishop of London hath an auncient house.

HADHAM c. 32. called Hadham parua.

HADHAM c. 30. called Hadham on ash a hamlet, standing on a brooke of that name.

HEMSTED k. 12. or Hempsted locus cannabinus forte of hempe. Etheldred graunted it to the monasterie of S. Albans by the name of HENAMSTED.

HENXWORTH b. 20.

HYDE o. 12. called West-hide or hithe.

HIGH-STREET l. 14.

HITCHING c. 16 or HITCHINE more rightly HITCH­END, because it lyeth at the end of a famous wood called HITCHHitch wood of which also the hundred of Hitch, called HITCH HAVLFE HVNDRED taketh name, and not of the towne which is quasi terminus the vtter edge or end of that woode, though time haue ex­tinguished that parte of the woode, which laie towardes the towne.

It cannot be Hitch-ing which soundeth de pratis, vnlesse it bee in that sence, as Lucus is a thicke wood de lucendo of yelding light being altogether darke. So Hitch inge of meadow ground because it hath no meadowe, and yet standeth in a valley betweene the hils.

The towne is the Queenes, and a very bountifull corne Market.

It is gouerned by a Bayliffe, and foure Constables, whereof two are called for the towne, and two for the forraine.

In the towne is made great store of Malt.

About the towne is a kinde of chalke, which they call Hurlocke aHurlock. stonie Marle, more fit to make lime then to soyle the grounde, yet beeing mixed with a more fragile and gentle Marle, which also a­boundeth there, they find it very helpfull to their corne feilds.

[Page 19]HITCH-WOOD f. 16,

HILL-END h. 16.

HIGH-BRIDGE o. 16 a bridge neere Moar house ouer Col­ney streame.

HOW-END g. 18. or HOO-END the head of the Riuer.

HIGH-CROSSE f. 26▪

HORMEADE c. 28. or HORMEHEAD magna as the head of the riuer or brooke so called.

HORMEAD c. 28. or HORME-HEAD parua.

HODDESDON i. 30. a market towne and a thorow fare from the north partes to London.

HOCKERELL c. 36. a little hamlet belonging to Stortforde on Essex side but in Hartfordshire.

HVNSDON i. 32. This place giueth vnto the R. Ho. Syr George Carey knight, nowe Lord Chamberlaine to her Ma. the title of BA­RON of HVNSDOD. It is an auncient house, and lately be­gunneBaron of Hunsdon. to be inlarged with a stately gallery, fayre lodginges and offi­ces, by the right honourable. Hen. late Baron of the same place, and in his life time, also Lord Chambersaine to her Maiestie.

HICKLINGFORD d. 16. of some HITCH-INGFORD of some ICKLINGFORD.

I.

ICKLINGFORD vide Hicklingforde.

K.

KENSWORTH h. 12.

KELSHVLL b. 24▪ in record KELSWALDE.

KNEBWORTH g. 20.

KEMPTON g. 16. or KIMETON.

KINESBVRNE k. 14 or KINESBOVRN of the riuer soKime riuer. called whose head is neere it.

L.

LAYSTON c. 26.

LANGLEY m. 12. called KINGES-LANGLEY.

At this place Richard 2. and Queene Anne his wife, with manieRichard 2. buried Edmond of Langley. of their nobles kept a Royall Christmas. And when the king decea sed he was buryed in the church there, But afterwardes hee was re­moued to Westminster by Henrie 5. At this house Edmond Duke of Yorke was borne, and thereof called Edmond of Langley, where also he was buried and many other of that famelie.

LANGLEY m. 14. called ABBOTESLANGLEY.

[Page 20]LANGLEY f. 18.

LADWELL d. 16.

LEVESDEN m. 16.

LETCHEWORTH d. 18.

LONGE MEERSTON i. 4. So called for that it is termi­nus extremus huius Hartfordiensis agri.

LVLLEY f. 12. or rather Low ley, de solo depresso, of the lowgroūd

M.

MAGIOVINIVM see Ashwell.

MARKAT h. 13. corruptly so called for MER-GATE which is Scatebra an issue or outgate of water called in Sussex and Surrey a Bourne that breaketh out of the earth, at sometimes,A Bourne. foregoing (as hath beene obserued) some dismall accident as yel­ding teares for the euils to come, And of all men held malum omen and this is termed WOMERE, a water presaging sorrowe toWomere. Malum o­men. come▪ as in the time of Edw. 4 when it brake forth 19. February & ran till the 14. of Iune following, But for these kind of waters some willyeeld natural reasons of the cause, but for my part I will not de­ny but some diuine mistery may be hidden therein.

MICHAELS k. 16. called S. Michaels neere S. Albans.

MYMS l. 22. called North Myms.

MEERSTON vide Longe Meerston.

MVNDON e. 26. called MVNDON furniuall and great MVNDON.

MVNDON e. 26. called Mundon frewell and litle Mundon.

MVNKES-WOOD f. 22.

N.

NAST-HIDE k. 20.

NORTH-CHVRCH k. 8.

NORTON c. 10.

NEWN-HAM c. 20. villa noua.

NORTH-HALL l. 26. corruptly for North-haw nemus boreale. The famous and rightly honourable Henrie Earle of Warwick decea­sed, there raised a stately house from the ground, and contriued it in verie beautifull order, gracing it with delightfull gardens aud walkes with sundrie other pleasant and necessary deuises, now held and possessed by that moste vertuous his Lady, the Countisse of Warwick.

NEW-GATE-STREET k. 26. derianoua.

O.

ODDESEY See the definition of Oddesey hundred.

P.

PERITON d. 14. or PIRTON.

PREE k. 16. or the Prey called Sancta Mario de pratis, of the meadowes, and was a house of Nunnes a sweete neighbor to the Munckes of S. Albans.

PVNCHIN-END k. 10.

POTTERS crowche l 16.

PVCKERIDGE e. 28. a thorowe fare, called of Lealande PVLCHER CHVRCH.Pulcher church.

PELHAM c, 32. called Stoken Pelham.

PELHAM b. 30. called Pelhamarsa, burnt Pelham, some frag­mentes doe yet appeare of the foundations of sundry buildinges, which were consumd by that fire, wherofit taketh the adiuncte arsa.

In the walles of this church lyeth a moste auncient monument,A monumēt a stone wherein is figured a man, and about him an Eagle, a Lyon, and a Bull hauing all winges, and a fourth of the shape of an Angel, as if they should represent the foure Euangelistes: vnder the feete of the man is a crosse Flourie, and vnder the crosse a Serpent, he is thought to be sometime the Lord of an auncient decayed place, wel moated not farre from this place called SHONKES.

PELHAM c. 30. called PELHAM furnix.

All these Pelhams seeme to take name de scatebris, of the pells and Pelham vn­dedicta. water springes, which abound about and within them.

PVTNHAM i. 4. It signifieth a towne of welles and water springes.

R.

REDBVRNE i. 14. aquarubra.

Before the Conquest by the Normans, it did belonge to the Abbey of S. Albans, and at that generall spoyle and confusion of thinges it was taken away, and Lanfranck being afterwards Arch­bishoppe of Canterbury wrought the restauration of it againe, about the beginning of Rufus raigne.1089.

This Church was defaced and spoyled, with many other there aboutes in the time of Henrie 3.

At this place were founde the reliques of Amphiball, who is saideThe reli­ques of Am­phiball. to be the instructour and conuertour of Alban from Paganisme, of whose reliques such was the regard, that the Abbottes of the mona­stetie of Alban had, that they should be deuoutly preserued, that a1366. decree was made, by Thomas then Abbott, that a pryor and three munckes should be appointed to this holie function, whose allow­ance [Page 22] in those dayes amounted yearely to 20. pound or vpwardes, as much as three hundred pound in this age. Such was the price andSeca deuotio. estimation of the lothsome reliques of dead mens bones.

RADWELL c, 18.

RICKMANSWORTH o, 14. or Rich mans worth I haue redd it Rickmersford And as I take it the truest title, for that in for­mer ages the d was pronounced th as ath for ad quoth for quoth and forth for forde, and so for Richmansforde is pronounced Richmansforth, not Rickmansworth.

It standeth in a lowe grounde watered on all sides, yet not high­ly to be commended for great fertiletie, for the lowest and best mea­dowes are but a blacke moarish earth colde and mossie, for the most parte, And the higher groundes especially on the north side of the towne stonie and barraine, king Ethelred graunted it to the mona­sterieK. Ethelred of S. Albans by charter.

It is a market towne but of no great repayre.

The towne is gouerned by two constables and two headborowes.

ROYSTON a, 24. Roisiae oppidum, Royes town, this Royes about the time of king Stephen, was Countisse of Norff. and erected a crosse of stone in the high way, where Royston now standeth. And the place was called CRVX ROISIAE, Roys crosse, and vnder that nameCrux Roisiae. t continued vntill Eustachius de Marke built a cloyster there. And from that time it began to be more and more peopled, and to be fur­nished with houses and Innes. And Rich. I. made it a market towneMade a market. now famous for corne, standing in a very plentifull soyle: And is a verie fitte receptacle for traueilers that from the North partes haue recourse to London.

The towne was almost consumed with fire in the time of Henry the fourth.

In the time of Henrie 6. such was the plentie of corne, that in thisWheare tweluepéce the quarter place the best wheare was sould for twelue pence the quarter, three halfe pence the bushell.

The price was not then so lowe as it is now aloft, for it is at this present in the same place at eight shillinges the bushell.

RIDGE m, 22. de iugo of the hill or Ridge wheron it standeth

REED b, 26. de loco arundinoso.

RVSHDEN c, 24. vallis Scirpina a lowe rushie ground.

S.

SARRET n, 14. It was granted by Ethelred, to S. Albans by the name of SYRET.

SANDON c, 24. mons arenosus. It belongeth to Paules.

SANDRIGE k, 18. It diffreth not in signification from Sandon.

SAWCOMBE f, 26.

SABS-WORTH f, 34. or SABRIDGE-FORDE a [Page 23] market Towne, standing neere the Stort.

SLEPES HIDE k, 20. a little hamlet.

SHENLEY m, 20.

SHEEPES HALE f, 22. Ager ouibus salutaris.

SPELBROOKE e, 34.

STEPHENS l, 16. called S. Stephens neere S. Albans.

STEVEN-EDGE e, 20. or STEPHEN-EDGE, de ac­cliuitate of the steepe standing of it on the edge of a hill, of some Steuen-haut or Stepen-haut.

The principal parte of this towne is from the church. ½. mile, and is a pretie thorrow fare.

There hath beene in time past a market.

It is a libertie and belongeth to the Bishoppe of London, hauingA libertie pillory and gallowes within it selfe, but howe farre the power for execution extendeth, mihi latet.

STAPLEFORD g, 24. or STABLEFORD.

STANDON e. 28. or STENEDON mons saxosus there is a free Schole for the towne, the stipend yet in suspence, the Fish­mongersA freeschole of London contribute twentie pound vt ferunt.

STANSTED h, 32. or STENSTEDT locus glariatus of the grauely soyle, called Abbotes Stansted.

STANSTED h, 32. in time past called Le Veyle, nowe Olde Lee veyle Stansted and corruptly Stansted Theele.

STORTFORD e, 34. so called of the passage or forde ouer the Riuer Stort.

There is neere this towne, on the east side of the riuer a little ru­ynousWaymore castle. castle, called the Castle of Waymour standing in an Iland, vpon a little firme artificiall mount verie steepe aud though of small cir­cuit, yet in former dayes stronge, within it is a dungion deepe and darke, called the Conuictes pryson, arguing some great priuiledges inConuictes prison. Giuen by William the Conqueror time past to belong thereunto.

William the Conqueror gaue both the towne and the Castle to the Bishoppe of London, and to this day it belongeth to that Sea, and thereof is called Bishoppes Stortforde.

The towne standeth on the side of a hill, declyning towardes the riuer, And some fruitefull groundes are about the same.

It hath market on the Thursday and three faires in the yeare.

SVLLONIACA n, 22. the ruynes of an olde cittie or famous place, mentioned by ANTONINVS in his Itenerary, which he placeth twelue miles a Longidinio from London, and nine miles a verolamio a citie sometime neere S. Albans: And where others haue heretofore placed this Sulloniacae at Chipping Barnet, regarding onely the foresayde distances M. Camden by dilligent obseruation hath founde that it should stand vpon Brokeley hilles West of Bernet, wher­by I being occasioned made inquisition thereof in my trauaile, and was informed of the place where these snpposed ruynes appeare, [Page 22] [...] [Page 23] [...] [Page 24] namely some fragmentes of the scituation of some decayed build­ings, where sundry peeces of Romish coyne haue beene taken vp, as was informed me. This place indeede neere agreeth with the former distances of Antoninus, and standeth east of a regall aunci­ent highway called Watlingstreet or via consularis.

T.

THOMAS Chappell c, 14. called S. Thomas chappell.

TEWING h, 22. or TWEY-ING de binis pratis.

TRINGE k. 6. a little market towne on the Fryday.

THROCKING c, 24.

THVNDREDGE f, 28.

THORLEY f, 34. or THORNLEY terra spinosa.

TOTTER-EDGE f, 28. parcell of the hundred of Broad­water yet eight miles from the neerest parte of that hundred. Lon­doners haue much beautified this place with their neat buildings.

TWO-WATERS i, 13. a little hamlet so called de binis aqua­rum fluctibus, of the two riuers that meete there.

V.

VEROLAMIVM k, 18. the ruynes of a most auncient citie called of the Britons Cair Maricipit, Cair Municip, Cair Watteline of Ptolomey Verolanium, of the Saxons ƿerlamcester [...], a Citie vpon the riuer Werlame or Verlame.

This auncient decayed Citie seemeth at this day to publishe her pristine state and strength, on the west side of S Albans, by the reli­ques of her defensiue walles, And at this day although Seges sit vbi erat Werlamcester, yet the sundry Roman coyns tumbled out of theirRomane coyne. obscure denns, by the painefull plough, doe, as it were, proclaime vnto vs, so many hundred yeares after her fall, that it is no fable that is written of her antiquitie.

The brasse monies whereof I haue much but seeme farre more, Import the antique names, and pictures, not only of sundry Empe­rors, but of some of their Empresses also: which in those ages swayd the Romane monarchie, which argueth it to bee quondam, CAIR MVNICIP or Municipium, a citie, enfranchized and endowed,Municipium quid. not only, with the ayde of the Romans by mony, but with their Ro­mishe priuiledges also, the inhabitantes, for the most part being of the auncient britishe line: who deseruing well at the handes of the Romans▪ were made Municipes as it were free denizens of Rome, hauing their Lawes orders and officers, free among them, permit­ted to liue vnder their ayde and protection, vntill through the furyThe subuersion of Ver­lame. of the Saxons and Danes it was sackt and subuerted, and of a hautie citie made an heape of stones, which as a Caos layd afterwards long [Page 25] smothered in the ashes of her owne rubble and ruynes, without re­gard, what it was or had beene. At length one Eldred Abbot of theEldred sear­ched the ruynes of Verlame. new Monasterie of S. Albans, coueting to aduance the state of his monasticall sea, began to embowell this ruynate heape, to search what curious conceites, hee might finde to beautifie S. Albans sell. And founde in short time great varietie, of stone worke of sundrie kindes, and pillers of mettall as of Brasse, and Latton, towch and Allablaster. All which laide in heapes Eldred beheld to his no small ioy, but imploide them not according to his purpose intended, for death preuented him: But as curious a searcher as hee succeeded him one Eadmere, who had both a will and workemen, to sound fur­therEadmere continued the search. An argumēt of Verlams paganisme. into the bottome of this vnknowne gulfe, not ceassing till hee saw the very entrayles of this confused Caos, in whose most hidden­vautes, he found sundry Idolls, and aulters not a fewe, superstiti­ously adorned for the honour of these vnknown gods of the Pagans, some of these Idols were of pure golde, some of other metall, and withall he founde great store of housholde stuffe, and other thinges witnessing the glory both of the citie and the cittizens of the same. Besides sundry pottes of gould, brasse earth, glasse and other met­tall,Pottes with ashes of the dead. some frawght with the ashes of the dead, some with the coyne of the auncient Britons and Romane Emperours. And in a stone were found certayne Brytish bookes, whereof one imported the hi­storie of Albans martyrdome.

In the ruynous walles of this Citie groweth licoras.Licoras.

There are within the walles at this day the ruynes of an olde church called S. Germans. S. Germans.

The cause why it was called of the Brytons CAIR WATTE­LINE was an auncient high way, begun by Dunwallow and fini­shed by Guitheline, called as some thinke GVITHELINS­STREET corruptly WATTELINE-STREET which camWatteline streete. by this citie from Douer leading Northwards.

About 70. yeares paste this high way, was founde at this place (though mentioned in historie many years before) 18. foote broad and 10. foote deepe, now almost leuell with the feyldes as is also the Citie.

And as Plato sayth.

Alban was a citizen of this cittie, and being hoste vnto Amphiball Albana citi­zen of Ver­lame. became conuerted, from paganisme to the knowledge of Christ, and for the same was condemned and suffered, as is set downe before in S. Albans.

W.

WALDT-DEN f. 16. called kinges Walden, vallis siluestris the woody deane.

WALDT-DEN f. 18. called Walden S. Paul.

WATFORDE o. 16. cur non WATELINEFORDE for that the Watteline-streete crosseth the Colne nere this place, andWat teline­forde. so coasteth to old Verlame as is sayd before.

This towne hath market on the tuesday well repleat with coun­try necessaryes, and hath two fayres in the yeere.

There is an almes house erected by the Ladie Bryget Countisse of Bedford.

WALK-HORNE c. 22. or Wake-hurne.

WALLINGTON c. 22. de aquarum scatebris.

WATTON f. 24. called Watton at stone.

WARE h. 26. or WAYRE de Cataractis of the wayres and water stoppes nere it, rather then de Mercimonijs as some will hauewayre drow ned. it of wares or marchandize, It was drowned in anno 1408. by the great inundation of waters that from the vpland passe by the town, and since, and before, there was great prouision made by wayres and slcuces, for the better preseruation of the town, and the groūds belonging vnto the same.

It began to bee moste famous in king Iohns time, in the furiouswhen it be­gan to be famous. broyles of the Barons, for being then but a hamlet of small moment the high way towardes the North partes, was laid through it by the meanes of the Lord de Wake, and by little and little by that meanes, increased and much obscured, auncient Hartford.

Edward the first gaue first order and direction for the founding ofFrst foun­ded. it about anno 914.

WAADESNELL g. 28.

WALTHAM crosse m. 30, or WALDT-HAM de cruce of the crosse which Edward 1. erected in memoriall of his Queenes death, and conveyance of her corpes from the place where she dy­ed to westminster.

WALSWORTH d. 16.

WATTELINE-STREET See Verolamium▪

WAYMORE Castle See Stortford.

WESTWIKE k. 14. vicus occidentalis in regard of Eastwike before mentioned.

WELBERIE k. 14. called also welles, of the springe called Owghton head.

WESTON d. 20.

WESTMILL d. 26.

WHEATHAMSTED i. 18. locus frumentarius inde Ioannes de loco frumentario, famous in the time of Henry 6.

[Page 27]WILSTERNE k. 4.

WIGGINGTON k. 6.

VVHITEWELL i. 8. fons albus a hamlet that giueth name to the riuer that ryseth there, and passeth by Welwine Digswell, &c. and so to the Lea.

VVHORWELL a decayed hamlet in Kelshull parish, furni­shed in time past with many howses.

VVYMLEY l. 18. or WIMONELEY magna, where are the ruines and ditches of a castle which did sometime belong to the fitz-Taeces.

WYMLEY e. 18. or wimonly parua.

WILLION d. 18.

WYDYALL c. 28. of some Wythiall of some Wiggell.

VVIDFORD g. 30. or-VVYDEFORD so rightly termed de vado spatioso.

Wood-greene l. 30.

VVORMELEY k. 30.

Y.

YARDELEY d. 24. belonging to Paules.