And first J vvill beginne to declare of all maner Rentes.

Rentes of Lands, and Tenemēts holden at will. THere maye belonge to a Manour, Rentes of Lan­des, Tenements, Mesua­ges, Burgages, Cotta­ges, Curtillages, Toftes Roueles, Tenemēts, mil­les, Douehouses, barnes, Stables, Gardeines, Orchardes, Parkes, Warrens, Meares, Waters, Pondes, Sta­gues, [Page]Fishinges, Meadowes, Cloases, Crof­tes, Fieldes, Pastures, Woodes, Groues, Heathes, Firzes, Moores, Marshes, Turba­ries, &c. Graunted, to any persone, or perso­nes, at the Lordes pleasure, or will, for some yerely rent, certaine, paiable, at two or fower feastes of the yere, vsuall by euen porcions. And suche parsons, are commonly called, Te­nauntes at will, and these are remoueable, at the pleasure, and will of the Lorde, and these also, commonly are not chargeable, with re­payring their tenementes, or holdynges, but they are punisheable for waste, by action of trespasse, if thei commit any in the same, and are straineable for their rente.

Rentes of Lands and Tenemēts holden for tearme of yeres.There may also belong to a Mannour yere­ly rentes, of any Landes, Tenements, Bur­gages, &c. (as aforesaide) that are demised, to any persone or persones, by Indenture, or without Indenture, or writing (by worde or parolle onely) for tearme of yere, or yeres, for some yerely rent, certaine, paiable, at twoo, or fower feastes, of the yere, by euen porcions, and suche parsons, are called Tenauntes, for tearme of yeres, and are bound, to suche repa­racions, and other duties, as the couenaūtes, or promises in their leases doe containe, and they are chargeable with waste, if they doe commit any, and are strainable, for their rent of common right, or maye bee iustly sued for the same, by action of debte if it be arrere. And suche are not bounde to appeare vpon Iuries at Westminster, nor at Assises or Sessions, vnlesse they may Dispende .xl. s. of [Page]Fréehold otherwise.

Rentes of freeholde Landes.Also, there may belong to a Mannour, ren­tes of Fréeholders, that holde their landes, Tenementes, or hereditamentes, of the lorde of the Mannour, some in Capite, by knights seruice, escuage vncertaine, or Graundser­geauntie, and some by Soccage or Burgage tenure, by paiyng yerely a Rose, a pounde of Pepper, or Capons, Hennes, or suche like, and some (both the Fréeholders) Tenauntes in Capite, and Tenauntes in soccage) paie a yerely rent besides their seruices, and some time no Rent. And suche Landes and Tene­mētes, &c. thei haue to them and to their hei­res, and the same is commonly called Free­holde, and those Tenauntes and Tenauntes for tearme of life, are alwaies called Fréehol­ders. And sometyme also, they holde by cer­taine Seruices. And euery suche Tenaunt, oweth fealtie to their chiefe lorde. And suche Tenauntes alwaies, if thei maye dispende by their said Tenementes, xl. s̄. a yere or aboue, are likewise chargeable vpō Iuries at Westminster hall, and at Assisses, and Sessiōs, and may also impleade, and be impleaded (if occa­sion so require) for their Tenementes, at the courtes at Westminster without the lordes licence as aforesaied. But suche Tenauntes are not cōmonly chargable with wast, if they doe any vpō their said fréeholde tenementes, tenaūts for terme of life onely excepted. And you must note there are sondry kindes of frée holders. Some hold their lande by Charter, some by newe Feoffamente, and some by olde [Page]Tenure, and by many maner of rents, Custo­mes and seruices. And some be Tenauntes in fée simple, and some Tenauntes in taile, and many suche like, and may holde their Landes by diuers customes, seruices and tenures, as by homage and fealtie, and as I said before by knightes seruice, graundsergeanty, petieser­geauntie, escuage, Frankalmo [...]ne, Homage aūcestrell, tenure in Soccage, Burgage, and villanage: for the further knowledge wherof, I referre you to maister Littleton. And note also, that the Lorde of suche Tenauntes, if he haue any rentes, customes or seruices, detai­ned from him, whiche he can by any euidence, rentals or Court Rolles, proue a possession therof, in himself, or his Auncestors since the limitation, in the statute of Westminster, the second: Then hee may lawfully distraine for the same. And these Tenaunts be straineable by their Lordes, if their Rentes or seruices be arrere, vnpaied, or vndon. And also a writ of Cessauit, lieth against them, if occasion so serue. Also the Lorde maie haue a writ of ex­cheate, if any suche tenaunt doe commit felo­ny, or dye without Heires generall, or speci­all. And such Tenaunts, doe commonly paie, a releefe to the Lorde at euery alienation, ex­chaunge or death of any tenaunt of the same. And note also, there may be also forrain frée­holders, whiche holde not of the Mannour, and yet holde of the Lorde. And it is further to be specially remembred, that all suche Te­nauntes as holde any Landes, tenementes or hereditamentes by charter, déede, or Inden­ture, [Page]for the tearme of their owne liues, or by le curtyze de angleterre, or for the tearme of another mans life, are alwaies Fréeholders.

Rentes of Lands hol­den by aun­cient de­meane.There may bee also belongyng to a Man­nour, rentes of Landes, tenements and here­ditamentes, holden of the Mannour, by cu­stome, called auncient Demeasne. And in some places the whole Mannour is Aun­cient Demeasne. And the tenaunts also paie some a Rose, some a pound of Pepper, some Capons, some Hennes, and suche like, both with an yerely rent in money, and some with­out a rent, and by certaine homage, and feal­tie, and suche seruices. And the Tenauntes of suche Landes and tenementes, haue the same to them and their Heires, accordyng to the custome of auncient demeasne. And such Te­nauntes can not impleade or bee impleaded for their Landes or tenements, in any other court, but in the Lordes courte of the Man­nour, without the Lordes licence. And these Tenauntes, are not chargeable vpon Iuries at Westminster, or at Assises, or Sessions, vnlesse they may dispende other freehold lan­des of xl. s. a yere. These Tenauntes also, are straineable, if their rentes be arrere. If they cōmit waste, they forfeite their Tenauntries by their custome. These Tenaunts, paie com­monly at euery alienation, death or exchange, a fine certayne, by their custome. In some Mannours suche Landes are heritable, in some Mannours not.

There may be also belongyng, to a Man­nour, Rentes of other Landes, Tenementes, [Page]Mesuages, Cottages, &c. (as aforesaid) that are customary and demised to any Tenaunts of the same Mannour, by copy of court rolle, at the will of the Lorde, accordyng to the cu­stome of the Mannour there, either by the verge, rodde, or otherwise. And in some Man­nours, the tenauntes, holde their saide custo­mary tenemēts, to theim and to their heires, in fée Simple, or in fée tayle, by copy of court Rolle, and in some Mannours, for tearme of yeres, and in some Mannours for tearme of thrée liues, accordyng as the custome of eue­ry Mannour hath bene tyme out of mynde of man vsed. And these lands, be properly called Copie holdes or customarie tenements. And in some place they bee called olde aster lands. And in Somersetshire, Deuonshire, Corne­wal, Dorsetshire and Glocestershire (where most Mannours haue commonly those custo­marieRente ser­uice which is properly all such lan­des as are holden of the lord by Fealty, and certaine rent, or by homage, Fealty, and Rent, or by any other seruice, and certaine rent, of which na­ture are these, of custo­marie Landes and Te­nemen­tes hol­den by copie of Courte Roll at will, ac­cording to the custome of the Man­nour &c. Landes. (suche landes and Tenements are there called Bar­gaines) and these cannot impleade or be impleaded, for their tenemen­tes out of the Lordes courte, of the Mannour whereof they are holden without the Lordes licence, nei­ther are they chargeable vpon Iu­ries at Westminster, nor at Assi­ses, or Sessions, vnlesse they may also dispend other fréehold, of xl.s. yerely or aboue. Also if these Te­nauntes commit waste, they com­monly forfeite their landes, to theRentes Lorde. And these tenaunts cannot [Page]sell, alienate nor exchaunge, their Landes by Déede, Fine, or Feoffa­ment. But must surrender the same into the Lordes handes before the Stewarde (or in some place in the presence of twoo other Tenaunts of the Mannour) to the vse of hym or theim that shall haue the same lāds, be it in fée simple, fée taile, for tearme of life or yeres, accordyng to the custome of the same Man­nour. And that persone that should haue it, muste in the Courte take of the Lorde or his Stewarde, the same Landes and Tenementes so surrendred And these Tenauntes are euer also straineable, if their Rentes bee arrere. And they also paie commonly at euery alienatiō, death, or exchaunge, and surrender of their Tenements a fine (in some Mannours certaine and knowen) but in moste Mannours vncertain and at the Lordes will, as he or his Surueiour, or his Stewarde be­yng thereto auctorised, pleaseth to assesse the same, with the agrement of the Tenaunt that taketh it. And in moste Mannours these Landes are heritable. And note speciallie for a generall Rule, that there may bee of Customarie, or Copie holde Lande, all maner of like estates, as there maye hee, of free holde lande, [Page]at the common lawe.

Rentes of custo­marie lande, holdē by custome called tenaunt right.There are also Rentes, of muche like nature, of customary and copie holde Landes, and Tenementes belongyng to Mannours, in di­uers places, and specially in the Counties of Yorke, Westmerland Cumberlande, Chester, Lancaster, and the Bishopricke of Durham, and some other Counties, dimised also accordyng to the Custome of suche Mannours, to the tenauntes of the same, in some places to hold to theim and their heires, and next of kinne, so long as there is any of the same stocke, kinred or linage remainyng. And in some Man­nours, but onely so long, as there is any lefte of the name, and they commonly call suche holdinges in those places, Tackes, and in some other places, they are called Te­naunte rightes. And these also can not impleade, or be impleaded out of the Lordes Court, of the Man­nour, for their Landes or Tene­ments without the Lords licence, nor are chargeable vpon [...]ries, at Westminster, or at Assises, or Ses­sions, excepte they maye dispende yerely xl. s. of other freeholde land, as is aforesaide. These also com­monly by their custome, forfeite to [Page]the Lord, their Tackes or Holdin­ges, if thei commit any wast. They are also strainable for their rents, if they be arrere. And the Fines (v­pon euery exchaunge or death of tenaunts is in fewe of those Man­nours also, certaine and knowen. But in moste of those Mannours, vncertaine, and to be assessed, as the Lorde or his Officer, and the Te­naunt can agree for the same. And commonly also their said Tackes, Tenaunt rightes or holdings are heritable.

Memorandum, no maner of par­son, can make his Landes, Copi­holde, or Custumarie at this pre­sente daye, vnlesse the same haue bene custumarie lande tyme out of mind of man vsed. But a man may make Copiholde, freehold, euen at this daie.

Memorandum, Also there may be, belonging to a Mannour in one shire or place, yea and parcel of the same Mannour, diuers landes and tenementes in other Tounes, and sometyme in other Counties, a greate distance from the Mannor, and aunswerable, and to be valued in the value, or accoumpte of the same Mannour, and as parcell of the same.

And now that I haue treated of [Page]Rentes, of Landes and tenements, and hereditamentes at large, in a generalitie, whiche doe or may be­long to a Mannour, I will nowe touche in a specialtie the nature of certaine Rentes, of seueral names or kindes which are contained al­so in the compasse of the Rentes a­boue generally declared, and yet, for your better instruction) hereaf­ter particulerly touched, whiche are these ensuing, and suche like.

Reddi­tus Agi­staments & her­bagij.Rent of Iuistement, or herbage, is where a Te­naunt holdeth, or occu­pieth onelie the feeding, grasing, or pasture, of a Parke, or anye other grounde, paled, or en­cloased, wherein anye Deare, or suche like are: and commonly the Te­naūt of such Iuistement or herbage in some place muste put but a nomber of cattaill certaine, and at some speciall times of the yere, and perchaunce but the Tenauntes bea­stes of the Mannor one­ly, & in some other place the Tenaunt may put in beastes saunce number, [Page]and when hee will, and yeldeth a yerely rent for the same.

Reddi­tus mo­lendino­rum, cu­iuscun (que) generis.Rent of milles, is where the Lorde of a Mannour hath belongynge to his Mannour any maner of corne milles, horsmilles, watermilles, windemil­les, or quarnes for grain or other milles, as smith­milles, yron milles, ful­lyng milles, Sieth mil­les, cutler milles, Tinne blaste milles, Lead blaste milles, or suche like, and hath lett the same to hys Tenaunt, at a Rente, or hath demised y^e Socome, which is the grindyng of his customarie Tenaun­tes Corne, at his Corne mille to any person for a yerely rent, &c.

Reddi­tus Gar­borum & feni.Rente of Corne, or Hay, is where the Lorde hath graunted any Landes, or Tenementes to his Te­naunt, yelding the yerely rent of some certaine nō ­ber of corne, or Haie. Al­so it is properly, where a Tith is impropriated, to a Mannour, and the [Page]Lorde hath demised the same to his Tenaunt at a rente.

Reddi­tus Pis­cariorū.Rēt of Fishings, is wher the Lord of a Mannour, hath demised to any par­son, any Weares, Gar­thes, or suche like in any Creeke, Riuer, Meare, Poole, pond, or common Sewer or seueral water, or suche like, or y^e fishyng called the Kettels at the sea side, or the dredgyng of Oysters, Muskels or Cockles in any Crekes, or other places, within his Mannour, at a yere­ly Rente reserued, for the same. And note, that if a­ny Fishe the seuerall wa­ters of the Lorde, with­out the Lordes licence, the Lorde may bring his action against the partie, vppon the statute West­minster the first.

Reddi­tus Ci­gnorum.Rent of Swannes, or for Swannes, is where the Lorde hath great Ri­uers, Meares or fennes, and hath Swannes bree­dyng within the precinct of his Mānour, and hath [Page]demised them to a tenaūt for a yerely rente reser­ued: this rent is muche in vre in Lincolneshire, Cambridgeshire, &c.

The like Rente, maie be and in some Mannours, is of Herneshawes, Sho­uelors. &c.

Reddi­tus Mi­neraliū.Rent of Mines, is where the Lord of a Mannour, hath demised any Mines of Tinne, Lead, Copper, or Coale to anye of hys tenauntes, therefore re­seruing a yerely Rente, out of the same, or any o­ther suche like Mines.

Reddi­tus Quarrium.Rente of Quarries, is where the Lord of a Mā ­nour, hath likewise de­mised anye Quarires of Free stone, Harde stone, or of Marble, Slate, Whetstones, or suche like, or of Grauel, Sand or Chalke, or suche like to any Tenaunte, reser­uing to hym out of the same an yerely rente.

Muche like this rent, is the Rente of a peece of ground hauyng slimy or Clayie Earthe, whereof [Page] Rentes of all natu­res or kin­des.Bricke & Tyle is made, when it is let to a Te­naunt at an yerely rente. Rent of frée Warrēs, is where the lorde of a man­nour, hath in his Parke, Wodds, Heathes, Com­mons, or other grounds, wast or seueral, any War­ren of Conies, Hares, Herneshawes, or anie o­ther beastes, or foules, & y^t he either kepe the war­ren in his owne handes, or demiseth y^e same to any parson, at a yerely Rent.Reddi­tus libe­rorum Warren­nium. And note, that if any par­son kill anye suche his game, within the Lords ground, the Lorde maie haue an action of Tres­passe against hym, at the common lawe.

Memorandum, no man can haue a frée Warren, but he haue the same, by the Kynge, or Quéenes speciall graunt of Char­ter, except it haue bene v­sed time out of mynd and allowed before Iustices of Oyer.

Annuall rent of pencion, or porciō, is where, there [Page] Reddi­tus pen­cionum & por­cionum.is any yerely Rente, or pencion in money, or o­ther Portion goyng or growyng due, out of any other lordships or Man­nours, Landes or Tene­ments, Parsonages, Vi­carages or Tithes, belō ­ging to a Mannour, and before time graunted to the same Mannour by some composition, or for some liberty of waie, wa­tercourse, or suche like. Some accompte this no Rente.

Reddi­tus ope­rum cu­stuma­riorum.Rent of workes, is com­monlie where the custo­marie Tenauntes, of a Mannour are bounde by their custome to help the lorde in Sowyng tyme, Mowyng tyme, or Har­ueste, some with thrée Daies worke, some with fower daies worke, some with moe, and some with lesse, accordyng to the cu­stome. And where y^e lorde is agreed, or at composi­tiō with euery of his Te­nauntes for a yerely rent for the same, or els hath demised the whole day­works [Page]of the whole man­nour to some one tenaūt, at one certaine and en­tire yerely rent reserued, then is suche rent called Redditus operum custm̄. Els is it no Rente.

Reddi­tus pro licentijs.Rent yerely reserued for licences, is where the cu­stomarie Tenauntes, by their custome can not let or set their landes aboue a yere, or but from three yeres to thrée yeres. And that they giue the Lorde a yerely rente, to licence theim, to lett or sett the same for moe yeres or longer time. And also it is where the customarie tenaunt cannot stocke a woodde, or till his Laie ground, without the lor­des licence, and for the li­cence herof, yeldeth an yerely rent. But in some Mānours the Tenaūts geue but a Fine for the same, and no yerely rent.

Rent called newe rent, or encrease of Rente, is where the Lord hath suf­fered his Tenauntes, or any of theim to builde or [Page] Nouus Reddi­tus.sett anye Walle, Barne, stalle, or House, vpon any parte of the Lordes wast, or some, or that the Lord hath graunted any Te­naunte to encloase anye parte of his common or wast ground, or such like, and reserueth to himselfe an yerely Rente for the same and suche like.

Memorandū, there are some kindes of Issues, and yerely Profites ari­sing in some Mannours, which are not properly called rentes, because of ther vncertaintie, because some yere they may bee more, and some yere lesse, and suche are these foure ensuyng, and their like, and where they are certaine, they are in na­ture of rentes.

Profi­cua nun­dinarū siue mer­catuum.Rent or yerely profite of Faires and Markets is wher there is any Faire kepte within y^e Mannor, once or twise a yere, and the Lorde hath demised the profites of Bothes, standinges, Tolles, and such like profites, of the Faire, at a rent, to any of his Tenauntes. And in like maner of profites of Bothes, stādinges, sham­bles [Page]and tolles or other profits of a wekely mar­ket, kept once or twise a wéeke within the Man­nour.

Venditio boscorū & Sub­boscorū.Profites of woodsale, is where somtymes the LORD of a Mannour doeth make a yerely sale of his woodes, and som­tyme it maie be a yerely rent also, when the lorde of a Mannour, hath lett to Fearme at a rente, to some of his tenaūtes, the sale of a greate Woode, whiche is perchaunce growyng in his Com­mon or waste, or suche a Wod wherof he kepeth the herbage for hymself, or other his tenauntes, and reserueth an yerely rente, and in like maner maie it bee of Bushes, Thornes, and gorsse. &c.

Rent or profit of Heath, Furses, or Turbarie is euen like, where somety­mes the lorde of a Man­nour doeth either make a yerely sale of the same, [Page] Venditio Iampno­rū, Bru­ere & Turba­rie &c.or els let to Fearme the Furses, Heath, or Tur­ues of some Moore, or enclosed groūd, to some of his tenauntes, for Fe­well at a Rente. And in like maner it is in some Mānours of Broome, & Fearne, or Brakens. &c.

Panna­giū Por­corum.Pannage, is where the lorde of a Mannour hath a Parke, or some greate woods, that hath store of Maste, of Oke, Bech. &c. and hath vsed to take of his tenauntes, for euery of their Swine that shal goe there betwene Mi­chaelmas, & Martilmas, in some place i. d. a peece, in some Mannour ij. d. a péece &c. by his Bailie or Fermer of the same Mā ­nour, who either yeldeth a yerely rente therefore, or els a yerely accompte of the saied Pannage to the Lorde. &c.

There maie also belong to a Man­nour, Rent charge, whiche is com­monlie where the Lorde hath alie­nated, or graunted some parte of [Page] Rente chardgehis Mannour, or Landes, to any persone and his heires in Fee, by Indēture enrolled, Fine, or Feoff [...] ­mente, or otherwise: Reseruyng a yerely rent to hymself, and his hei­res, paiable at .ij. or .iiij. Feastes of the yere, and in the same graunte therof, hath put a prouiso, or clause of distresse, that he maie lawfullie distraine, if the Rent bee arrere, af­ter any feast of paiment, in whiche it shalbe due. Also euery Fée ferme, where the Lorde maie distraine for his rent, if it be vnpaied, is a Rent chardge. And a rent chardge can in no wise be apportioned, if the graū ­tée or his heires, doe purchase any of those landes, that are chardged with suche rente: the grauntee and his heires may be chardged in per­sone for this rente, vnlesse there be expresse woordes in the Deede by prouiso made to the cōtrary therof.

Rent seckeThere may also belong to a Mannour, Rent Secke, whiche is alwaies where the Lorde or his auncestours, Lordes of the same Man­nour, haue graunted to any person, any par­cell of Lande, to hym, and his heires, in Fee simple, or in fee taile, with remainder ouer to an other in Fee or suche like, reseruyng a ye­rely Rente. And yet in the saied graunte, or writyng thereof made, there bee no clause of distresse, or prouiso of Reentrie: that the lorde [Page]may distraine, or reentre for non paiment of the Rente, if it be behinde vnpaide after any feast or day of paiment. And therfore it is cal­led a drie Rent, because it can not be strained for: And if the persone and his heires, to whō the Rent, Seche is graunted, or reserued, had neuer season therof, he is as some men iudge, nere without his remeadie for recouery ther­of. But if he haue had once season thereof, he maie recouer it well enough, by a Writte of nouelle Disseason at the common lawe.

Annuall Rente.There is also an other maner of Rent, called annuall Rente, whiche is commonly when a man graunteth to an other by Deede, an An­nuitie of x. s̄. or xx. s̄. a yere, or suche like, more or lesse. And that there is in the Deede, no lande charged, with, or for, the paiment there­of. This rente is neither Rente charge, rente seruice, nor Rente secke: (and it chargeth the persone of the graunter, by writte of Annui­tie) as some mennes opinion is thereof.

Demaines, princiyallie is the Mannour place, whiche is sometyme called the halle place, som­tyme the halle courte, sometyme the Mannour house, &c. with all the houses, buildynges, edifi­ces, Barnes, stables, roomes, courtelages, and yardes, & courtes to the same adiacent, or with in any wall, or preciucte of y^e Scite of the same.

Also the Douehouses, and all Orchardes, Gar­dens, Pondes, Pooles, Motes, Stagnes, wal­kes, and like places, adioynyng to the Mānour [Page]house, or neare the Scite of the same, are com­monly also parcell of the Demeanes.

Also all suche Landes, Meadowes, Pastures, Féedyngs, Closes Croftes, and enclosures, as the Lorde of the Mannour, hath commonly v­sed to manure or keepe in his owne handes, or occupation, together with his Mannour place, is also commonly parcell of the Demeasnes.

Demai­nes of a Mānour.In like maner, a Parke, or any Woodes, or Groues, or any Meares, Riuers, Pondes, or Fishynges, maie bee parcell of the Demeanes of a Mannour, if the Lorde or his auncestours, haue tyme out of mynde of man, occupied the same with his Mannour place.

Also (some exempte) Wastes, Moores, Mar­shes, Fennes, and also Turbary, which may be parte of the Demaines, if the Lorde haue vsed tyme out of minde, to occupy them in his owne handes.

And finallie, for a generall rule, all those lan­des, tenementes, and her editamentes, are com­mōly called, knowen, and taken for Demeisnes whatsoeuer the Lordes of any Mannour, or Lordshippe, and their auncestours haue béen ac­customed, tyme out of memorie of man, to occu­pie in their owne handes, with the Mannour place or hedde haile house of his Mannour.

Memorandum, by the better opinion of the learned in the Law, no Demeasnes can at this daie, bee demised by Copie, but by Indenture, [Page]vnlesse the same haue been so vsed to be let, time beyonde all mennes remembraunce. Quaere.

Fines terrarū.Fines of landes, is commonly where any Copiholde lande falleth into the lordes handes of the Mannour, or in­to his disposition, by death of tenaun­tes, excheate, forfeiture, or otherwise. And the Lorde or his officer graun­teth the same to any Tenaunte, for tearme of three liues, or for yeres, or to hym and his heires, or by tenaunte right, accordyng to the custome of suche Mannour, whereof the same is holden, and for suche customable rēt, and seruices as before hath been ac­customed. And for suche estate to bee had in the same, the Tenaunte com­monly geueth the lorde, some summe of money, whiche is called his Fyne. And somtyme suche customarie fines in some Mannours, are alwaies one, and certaine, and neuer augmented: And in some Mannors, their Fynes are moste commonly vncertaine, and at the choise of the Lorde, how much he will take.

Also when the Lorde of a Mannour letteth a peece of Lande customarie, or not customarie, by an Indenture or Lease, for tearme of life, or yeres, to any person, and reserueth an yere­ly Rente, and taketh a fine, or income [Page]for suche graunte, or demise: the same is also called Finis terrarum.

Also where one Copie holder, will, or doeth make surrendour of his te­nemente or holding to an other, and giueth the Lorde a Fyne for the same Surrendour, it is also called Finis terrarum.

Also where a Tenaunte giueth the Lorde a Fine, to licence him to Ti [...]e and [...]are his laye grounde, or to let or set his customarie Lande to an other for yeres, by Indenture, or otherwise and suche like, it is commonly entred emong the title of Fines terrarum.

Amerciamentes are also parcell of the per­quisites of courtes, and are diuerse, and they are all Summes, Penalties, and mīas, wherein the Tenauntes are amerced, by the Homage or Ferro [...]s, of euerie Courte, Lete, or lawe daie of a Mannour, for lacke of suite of Courte, and other sondrie faultes, and of­fences.

And as when they be Fréeholders, or Copie holders, and owe Suite of courte to a Man­nour, and make defaulte, or bee absent at the Lordes Court, and be not there, and be ther­fore amerced.

And some suche fréeholders, are at their fine certaine, for their suite of Court, and that is called communis finis, which common fine is set on the heddes of suche Suiters, in the [Page]margent of the courte Rolle.

All other Suiters, that are not at their co­men Fine for Suite of Courte, are amerced for their absence, by the title of miā. vppon their heades, in the said margent of the court Rolle.

Amercia­ments of al sortes, for Suite of court, com­mon tres­passes, &c.Likewise, when any tenaunte hath bene com­maunded by the Court, Surueior, Stuarde, and homage, to amende an high way, or to re­paire a bridge, or to repaire his custumarie holding, or tenement, by a daie assigned, or to auoide some [...] parson, out of his house, or to yoke and ring his Swine by a daie vpon forfeiture of a paine and doth it not. And the same, at the next court be presented by the ho­mage. Then the same default is an Amercia­ment, when it is totted cōmonly ouer against the [...] heades in the le [...]ee that gente vnder the [...] of [...]ā.

And Tenauntes being amerced, for not re­ [...]uing their Mix [...]ns, or dounghilles, out of y^e high waie, by a day or for not making their Hedge or Soyse, by a daie▪ For not pollyng their [...] hanging ouer an high waie, and letting carriadge, by a daie, or for not auoi­ding their ho [...]des, or grathoundes by a day (if they cannot Dispend xl. s. by yere, accor­ding to the Statute) or for breaking and ca­ [...]yng awaie the Lordes Pales, or hedges, or for Suffering their beastes to wander in the highwaie, or to destroie the Lordes woddes, or for not [...]a [...]yng open againe by a day, a way by the Tenaunt before wrongfullie encloa­sed, or for [...]uenyng of any streame, brooke or [Page]water, out of his right or el [...] course, or for cutting doune, any custumar [...] woddes, with­out the Lordes licence, or for remouing any markes or me [...]re stones. All these and manie moe suche like, are called Amerciamentes when the Tenauntes are amerced by seueral paines with the title of miā.

Also the amerciaments of Bakers, Bruers, Butchers, and Tipplers, for not keping the Assise, are totted on their heades, with the ti­tle of miā.

Also all suche persons, as do commit fraies, or bloudsheds, in any Manour, and presented, are amerced with the title of miā.

You must specially note, that there are twoo maners of Herriottes one called by the name Heriot Custome, & another called by y^e name of Herriot Seruice. Herriot seruice is euer expressed in a mans graunte or déede, and the other is, wheras Herriottes haue béene paied time out of minde by custome. And now to the description of an Herriot.

Parquisi­tes or ca­sualties of Courtes, belonging to a Man­nour.An Herriott is properly called the best Oxe, Cowe, Horse, or other thing, that the Lordes Tenaunte holdyng of a Mannour, hath when he dieth. Whiche Herriot after the Tenaun­tes death is commonlie seased to the Lordes vse, by the Bailife, Reue, Beadle, or Borse­holder, of the Mannour, and is commonlie, or ought to bee presented by the Homage, orHerriottes sworne Tenauntes of the Mannour, at the nexte Courte, Lete, or Lawdaie, of the same Mannour to be holden.

And if the Tenaunte haue no quicke good, [Page]then the Lorde will haue the beste dead good, that his Tenaunt hath when he dieth, for his Heriot.

And in some Mannours, if the Tenaunte, do voluntarily depart out of his house, or ferme, not discharged of the Lord, he shall paie to y^e Lord his best quicke good, nomine Heriotte. Also in some Mannours, the Tenaunt shall paie his farewell, to the Lorde for his depar­ting, whiche is called his fare fée, or farewell, and that is in some places two shillinges, and there also the tenaunt must before his depar­ting doe all maner of reparations.

Relieffes.A Relief is after the death, chaunge, or alie­nation of euerie Fréeholder, or of a Tenaunt by auncient demaisne, and ought to be paied to the lord, as a knowledge. And the relief in some place, is the whole yeres Rente of the Fréeholder, or Tenaūt so doyng and in some place or Mannour, it is but halfe the yeres rent by custome. A Reliefe is alwaies to bée paied at one whole paimēt. Also, for the same the Lorde may straine of common right, in euerie parcell of lande, if it be vnpaied.

Also if a Fréeholder hold of the Lord of the Mannor by knights seruice, his Heire being of full age, the Lorde shall haue of the Heire for euerie Knightes fée .C. s. noīe Releuij. And if the Knightes Fées bee more or lesse, Then the Tenauntes Relief to bee aportio­nated thereafter.

Waiues, is commonly where a Theefe hath stolne certaine goodes, and Cattailles, and brought them into a Mannour, and then by [Page] Waiues.reason of pursuite, fléeth awale, leauyng the said goods and cattailes within the iurisdic­tion or circuite of the Mānour. And then are thei the lords of that Mannour, and are to be seised by the Bailife, or Rent there, to the lor­des vse, and are to bee presented at the nexte court, to be holden within the same Mannor.

Straies.Straies, is where any Horses, Coltes, O­xen, Rine, Swine, or other cattailes, do come or straie, and there doe tary one yere, and one daie, and the owner fetche them not, and that the same straie haue been Proclaimed, three seuerall Sondaies, in three of the nexte Pa­rishes, and three tymes at the nexte markette toune, nexte by the Mannor, then thei are the lords, and thei are alwaies presentable at the nexte Courte, after the straie happeneth to come into the Mannour.

Forfeitu­res.Forfeiture, is wheras any tenaunt holdeth a­ny Copie holde, or Customarie Lande of the Lorde of any Mannour, and for non paiment of his rentes, customes, or seruices, or by sel­lyng of the woodes of his Copie holde, or by lettyng the houses goe doune, or by makyng waste, or by alienatyng, lettyng, or settyng his customarie Landes, without the Lordes licence, forfeiteth his Copie holde Lande, in­to the Lordes hande, whiche is to be so found by the presentment of the homage, at the next Courte thereto bee holden, and to bee seased into the Lordes vse: Also tenauntes by deede indented for life, or yeres, maie forfeite their [Page]estates.

ExcheatesExcheates is commonlie, where a Free­holder of a Mannour committeth Fellonie, then after the Kyng hath had the yere & daie, the Lorde shall haue the Lande by Excheate. Likewise if a Tenaunt doe dye, without law­full heires generall, or speciall, his lande Ex­cheateth to the lorde of the Mannour, where­of the same is holden, and this is commonlie of Free holders, and of Tenauntes by aun­ciente Demeasne. And the Excheate is alwa­yes to bée presēted by the homage, at the next courte of the Mannour then to be holden.

Plees and Processe of Courtes.Plees and processes of Courtes, or where the Lorde of a Mannour in his Courte, Lete, or Lawdaie, or three weekes Court, holdeth Plea of his Tenauntes, for their landes hol­den of the saied Mannour, or for any debtes, trespasses, or sommes of money, vnder the va­lue of xl. s̄. debte and damage.

Memorandum many other thynges maie be accompted, or noumbred emongest perqui­sites, if the same growe but casuallie, and not yerely.

Wardes.Is where any Free holders hold of a Mā ­nour in Capite, Escuage, vncertaine, Graūd­sergeauntie, or otherwise by knightes Ser­uice, and dieth his heire male, beyng within the age of xxj. yere, and his heire Female be­yng within the age of .xiiij. yere. Then the Kyng, or Lorde of the Mannour, or of whom [Page]suche Lande is holden, oughte to haue the wardeshippe of suche heire: that is to saie, the garde, and custodie of the bodie, and landes of suche heire, vnto their full age. And also the mariage of suche heire, if thei happen then to bee vnmaried. And as for the residue of the vnderstandyng of this pointe, I referre you to the instruction of the lawe.

Patronage of a Churche, is where the Lorde of the Mannour is verie vndoubted patrone of the Parsonage, Vicarage, frée Chap­pell, &c. belongyng to his Man­nour, and maie, or ought to giue the same, when, and as often as it falleth voide.

Presentation, is whē the lorde maie present any lawfull Clerke, to any Parsonage, Vicarege. &c. continually, or but at euery secōd or thirde auoidaunce, by force, or in the right of his Mannour.

Patrona­ges, presen­tations, no­minations, and aduou­sons of par­sonages, vicarages, prebendes, Churches. &c.Nomination, is where the lord or any other, maie in the right of his Mannour, or otherwise, no­minate a condigne Clarke, to any Parsonage, Vicarage &c.

Aduouson, is where the Lorde maie, or hath graunted, or giuen his right of presentyng, or nomi­natyng [Page] Such thin­ges are ap­pendaunte, regardaūte or exspec­tante, to a Mannour, are these.of a Clarke to any Vica­rage, or Parsonage, &c. in the life of the Incumbent, or Parsone of the same Parsonage, or Vica­rage, &c. The same graunt or Ad­uouson to take place, immediatly vpon, or after the nexte aduoy­daunce of the same, be it by death, Depriuation, Surrender, or Se­questration of the Parson, Vicar, or Incumbent of the same.

And note, the lorde maie graūt out twoo, or three Aduousons of one benefice, the one to take place after the other.

Villaines, and Nieffes, is where Bondmen, and Bondwomen be­long to a Mannour, the bondman is called a Villaine, and the bond­woman is called a Nieffe. And in some Mannours all the Te­nauntes are Villaines and Neif­fes, and then is it saied that lande is, a tenure in Villanage.

Villaines & Nieffes.Note, the proper Landes of a Villaine and Neiffe, and all his goodes, and cattaills, are the lor­des, to whom he is Villaine, if the Lorde so please, vnlesse he haue made thē a Manumission, or that thei bee enfranchised otherwise. There are sometymes Villaines engrosse, whiche are neither re­gardaunte, [Page]nor appendaunte to a Mannour: but the Lorde or his Auncestours, haue boughte the same and therefore thei are called Villaines engrosse: their landes, goodes, and cattalls, are likewise at the Lordes pleasure and dispo­sition.

And as touchyng other thyn­ges, that be appēdaunte to a Mā ­nour, some maner of Commons are appendaunte to a Mannour, aswell as appurtenaunte.

Also Free Warrens, in some place maie bee appendaunte to a Mannour aswel as appurtenaūt.

Also euery Mannour, hath com­monly his peculie [...] seuerall custo­mes, and priuiledges belongyng to the same.

The descri­ption, what a custome properly is.And it is to bee specially noted, there can be no custome, vnlesse it haue been vsed, time out of memo­rie of man: and all suche customes as hee of that continuaunce, bee lawfull, so long as thei be not vn­reasonable, nor haue any incon­uenience that bee against reason. And note also, that no man can at this daie make, or bryng vp any newe custome, but the same muste be of auncient tyme but of mynde of man vsed, as is aforesaid, or els [Page]t is no custome.

And for as muche, as the son­drie customes of all Mannours, cānot bée recited, yet for enstruc­tion sake (emongest many) I will now note a fewe, moste common.

Some Mānour hath a custome, that surren­dour can not be made of Landes holden of that Mannour, but to the Stewarde hymself: and yet in some Mannours it maie be doen to twoo of the Tenauntes, or Homage of that Mānour. And in some Mannour, he Surrendour muste bee made by the circumstaunce of deliueryng a rod, strawe, or mote, els is it a voide surrendour and in some Mannours it maie bee doen with­out it.

Also in some Mannours the Tenauuntes cā not lease, or set their landes aboue a yere, with­out the lordes licence, vpon paine of forfeiture of the same. And in some Mannours, for three yeres or more.

Insome Mannours, the Tenauntes maie not fell, ne loppe, the woodes growyng vppon their tenementes, no, not to repaire their hou­ses, without the lordes licence: and yet in some Mannours, thei maie doe bothe, yea, and sell the woode awaie, without the Lordes licence.

In some Mānours, which is cōmonly in De­uonshire, Somersetshire, Dorsetshire, Corne­wall, Witshire, and part of Glocestershire, the Tenauntes take the customarie Landes of the Lorde, for tearme of three liues, and not aboue, paiyng a fine vncertaine, as the Lorde and Te­naunte [Page]can agree. And cōmonly in suche Man­nours the wiues of the Tenauntes, after their housebandes deceasses, haue their widowes e­state, by their custome, which is as long as thei kepe theim selues vnmaried, and honeste, and in some Mannours it is otherwise and common­ly also in these Mannours, the lorde hath a her­riotte, after the death of euery Tenaunte.

In some Mannours, the Tenauntes haue their tenementes, to them and to their heires, paieyng to the Lorde a fine certaine, at euery chaunge, and there onely the wife, hath no wi­dowes estate, and also commonly suche Tenaū ­tes paie Herriottes.

In some Mannours, the Tenauntes are bounde by their custome, to serue the Lorde in the Quenes warres, so it be within the realme, against Rebels, or suche enemies, at their own proper costes and charges: And in some Man­nours it is otherwise: But note, that now by a statute therefore made, all customarie tenaūtes must serue their Lordes against Rebelles, vpon paine of forfeiture of their holdynges.

Also in some Mannours, the tenaūtes ought by their custome, for three or fower daies in so­wyng tyme, and asmuche in mowyng tyme, and likewise in Haruest, to helpe to tille the Lordes grounde, to make his Haye, or to helpe in with his Harueste, whiche bee called commonlie opera custumaria, that is to saie, daie woorkes, and suche like, and in some place thei vse to doe it, onely with their persones, and in some Mā ­nours bothe with their Teames, Waines, ser­uauntes, and persones, and in some place other­wise.

[Page]Also in some Mannours, the Tenauntes by their custome, muste grinde their Corne at no Mill, but at the lordes mille, belongyng to the Mannour, and this is commonly called So­come, as is aforesaid.

In some Mannours, the Tenauntes haue their Fewell out of the Lordes wooddes, and this in moste places is properly called estouer, and in some Manours but onely timber, for re­pairyng their tenauntries.

In some Mānours, their custome is to haue common for their beastes, in all the lordes wast grounde, and cōmons. And in some Mannours but in a parte of theim, and that onely for a cer­tain nūber, and some speciall kinde of cattaile, yea, and also in some places, at certaine tymes onely accustomed, or prefixed.

And as touchyng the description, of the sun­drie kindes of Common, that is to saie, Com­mon appendaunte, Common appurtenaunte, Common engrosse. &c. I leaue thre to the in­struction of master Littleton,

And note for a speciall Rule: a tenaunte that hath Common in the Lordes Commons, maie haue there nothyng by reason of Common, but alonely bitte of mouthe with their cattaile, nei­ther maie Geese or Swine haue common, but by the lordes sufferaunce, without speciall wor­des in the charter, or copie of the Tenaunt.

Sometyme customarie Tenauntes in some Mannours, haue also common of Fishing, with shouenettes, castyng neetes, small pitches, and trodde nettes, and suche like.

[Page]Some Countries haue customes by theim selues, as the custome of Gauell kinde in Rent, and parte of Wales, where the sonnes of Free holders, shall haue their fathers landes equally deuided emongest theim, touchyng the whiche and all suche like customes, I committe you to the instruction of the learned in the lawe.

Priuiledges, are all suche liberties and fraū ­chesies, as are graunted to a Mānour, or toune by the Kyng Quene, or Princes greate Char­tre, or letters patentes, or by acte of parliamēt.

The descri­ption what reprises cō ­mōly & pro­perly are.Also there are commonlie goyng yerely out of moste Mannours sondrie Deductions, Paimentes, and dueties, and these are alwaies called Reprises. And of suche there bee diuers natures, where­of some goe out of one Mannour and some out of an other, as bee these ensuyng, and their like.

Suites of Courte, or annuall fine, for suite and seruice of Courte, to any other Courte.

Rent charge, or rent secke, yerely goyng out of any Mannour.

Sometymes also Rente seruice, either of Capons, Hennes, Peper, Cūminséede, or suche like, maye be yerely paied, out of one Mannour to an other.

And also a Rente, or a Suite, maie bee some­tymes paied out of a Mannour to a Hundred, or Sheriues Tourne.

Also an annuall pencion or porcion maie bee [Page]paied out of some one Mannour, to some other Mannour, Personage, or Vicuarage.

Item a Rente resolute, maie sometymes bee yerely goyng out of one Mannour, to some o­ther Mannour or Parsonage, for a high waie, or a Water, course, or a libertie of foldyng, or suche like.

Also out of some Mannours or Landes, an yerely tenth is reserued, to the Kyng or Quée­nes highnes.

Reprises of al natures.Also yerely Fées to any Receiuour, Bai­life, Collectour, high Stewarde, or vnder Ste­warde, charged by the Lordes Letters Paten­tes, or otherwise, to bee goyng out of a Man­nour, or suche Landes, are called Reprises.

Likewise euerie other yerely Fee, that is paied to anye other parson, out of any Man­nour, Landes or Tenementes.

Corrodies also for Tearme of life, or in Fée to any Parsone or Persones, yerely paied out of any Mannour.

Stipendes, Salaries, or Annuities of Chapleynes, men of Counsell in the Lawe or suche like.

Memorandum, all these Reprises, aforesaied, and their like, are to bee diligently learned, that thei maie be deducted, when thei ought out of any Mannour, in the makyng of the valewe thereof.

And when these sixe principall thinges before in the saied seconde rule set out and described, are perfectly knowen, and well vnderstanded of him that would bee a Surueiour, then hath he some entraunce in the knowledge of his Office. And [Page] now here next ensuing, for his further enstruction, shall ensue the thirde Rule, whiche shall containe in a brief rehearsall the summe of all suche partes and duties which doth or ought to belong to the Office of a Surueiour, and whiche then (after followyng in order) the speciallest pointes of them are per­ticulerlie by them selues, more at large to be touched and de­clared.

¶The Toune of Dale. The vewe of the Mannour of Dale, taken the x. day of May in the xiiii. yere of the raigne of King Henry the eight. By A. B. generall Surueiour to the right honourable lorde. C. D. Lorde of the same by his Commaundement, and also by the o­thes of E. F. & G. H. and many other tenauntes of the same, as hereafter ensueth.

Then in myne opinion, (vnder correction) the Surueiour should first beginne with the Scite of the Mannour or prin­cipall Mannour place, if there be any, and firste to set out the boundes thereof by euery side, that is to saie by East, Weast, North and South. And then the contentes what it contai­neth [Page] in length and breadth. Thou what edifices, buildinges, and houses of offices Barnes, Stables, Stalles, and Doue-houses are standyng vpon the same, and whether builded with Tymber, Bricke, or Freestone, Tyled, stated, shingled, or thatched. And what Gardens, Orchardes, Motes, or Pon­des, be about the same, or adioynyng thereto. And then if ye will (though maister Fitz Harbert, haue not altogether so set foorth) he may goe straight to the surueiyng of the Demai­nes, that is, what seuerall, or particuler Closes, Meadowes, Pastures, arable lande, &c. they are of, which be the Demai­nes. And where they doe lie, and if they haue any proper or peculiar names, then what euery parcell of ground is called, and how many Acres euery parcell doth containe, and howe they butte and bounde. And what woo [...]des bee thereof, and how many yeres grouth: also what Shawes, or good hedge­rowes of wood be about euery fence, of any Close of the said Demaines. And then if a Fe [...]our holdeth it, what is his name, and what yerely rent he paieth, and at what feastes the some is paiable, and also the date of the Farmours Inden­ture of Leasse (if he haue any) and for what tearme of yeres or liues he holdeth it, and vnder what couenauntes, as by ex­ample hereafter.

Then in like maner of the Scite of the Parsonage (if there be any) Buttyng, boundyng, containyng and recityng, the same in all pointes as is before expressed in the Scyte of the Mannour. Adding who is Person, or Vicar there, to whom the gifte thereof belongeth, who occupieth it, and what it is yerely worth. And also likewise namyng, buttyng, bounding, and shewing the contentes and names of euery parcell of the glebe landes, thereto belongyng accordingly.

Then to take the viewe of Tenementes, of Freeholders, and of their Landes, Meadowes and Pastures, &c. Alwaies buttyng, boundyng, containyng, and recityng the contentes and proper names of euery parcell thereof, accordyng as is [Page] aforesaide. And specially remembryng by what rent, seruice, reliefe, Fyne, Herriot, Suite of Court, or custumary workes, they doe holde the same of the Lorde.

And in like maner to vewe the Tenementes and Landes of all manner of Tennauntes at wille, Tennauntes by In­denture, or by Copie, &c. Alwaies buttyng, boundyng, contai­nyng, recityng, notyng and declaryng the seuerall contentes and names of euery particuler parcell of Lande, Meadowe, Pasture, Close, Crofte, Wood, Shawe, &c. And also the seue­rall yerely Rentes, suites, seruices and workes, and the Fy­nes, Heriottes, and customes, of the same. &c.

And it were good, that ye vewed the Fieldes, in a generall maner, euery fielde seuerally by hym self. Hauyng if ye be not the skilfuller, a Diall in your hande (accordyng to maister Fitz herbertes counsaile) I meane that thereby, who so ta­keth the suruey, may thereby know perfectly, which is Easte, Weste, North and South. And the Surueiour should stande in the middes of the fielde, or where he may best see euery side or corner thereof. And as touchyng the buttyng and boun­dyng of the fieldes, before he doe begynne to enter the buttes and boundes of any particuler mans grounde, or lande in the same fielde, he should enter the buttyng, and boundyng of the whole fieldes on euery side, how it doth lie, naming the boun­dynges thereof, alwaies vpon the most notable knowen mar­kes, or Mearestones as he can: as these and suche like be that follow: Marelepittes, grauell pittes. Brokes, pondes, Wind­milles and Windmill hilles, crosse waies, Lanes and suche like boundes, not remoueable and of continuaunce. And after he hath so butted and bounded the whole fielde, on all partes, Then to beginne at one place certaine, and so from thence a­long to bound & butte euery tenaunts particular furlonges, Landes, Hedlandes, Bawkes and groundes, be it by the lande or by the Acre, as he shall thinke best, or deuise to do the same, for surer, longer, and mens better knowledge thereof, as in [Page] example hereafter shal appeare. Maister Fitzherbert would haue the Meadowes, pastures and Closes also likewise sur­ueied generally.

And the like maner & forme in all pointes, is to be vsed by the Surueiour, in buttyng, and boundyng of the Meadowes that bee common Meadowes, with their seuerall contentes of Acres, by their seuerall markes, and Mearestones, as exā ­ple shall shewe also hereafter.

And as for Closes, Croftes, Pastures, or Woodes that bee enclosed, he should butte and bounde them seuerallie, en­tryng their contentes of Acres, and names if he can, with the value what thei bée yerely worthe, and who holdeth them, as is afore saied, whereof ye shall also haue an example here followyng in his place.

And after like maner and forme, maie the Surueiour, if he will, butte, bounde, and enter the contentes of Acres, of all maner of Pastures, where Herdmen keepe cattalle. And also all Commons, Moores, Marshes, Heathes, Common Woodes, or suche like.

Hereafter doe followe the examples, how the pre­misses should be entred orderly. And first how the Mannour place, or Scite should bée entred, But­ted and bounded.

SCitus Maner̄ de Dale pred Scituatur, et exi­stit, inter Cemiterium Ecclesie de Dale, super le Borial, et Regiam viam di [...]cest, a villa de B. vsque villam de A. super Austral et communem campum eiusdem ville, super Orient, et Tentm̄ siue Mesuagium R. F. super occident. Et continet in latitu­dine triginta perticas, et quatuor pedes terre, vnaqueque pertica existen̄ xvi. pedes dī. Super quem Scitum le Man­nour [Page] place scituat sufficient edificat cum vna Aula, & duabus cameris, ex lapidibus quadrat construct, cum omnibus domi­bus, edificiis, cameris, structur̄, et duobus atriis eidem Sci­tui pertinen̄. Necnon vnum Columbarium, in exteriori A­trio ibm̄ voc̄ le greate Courte, scituat, cum vno Gardino cir­cūmurat cont vnā acr̄ dī. Ac vnū hortū cūt quatuor Acr̄, vnde vnum caput abbuttat super Regiam viam predictam, verfue Boreal, et super scitum pred versus occident, et super campū pred versus Austr̄, et clm̄ rectoris ibm̄ super Orient, Ac etiā cum duobus Horreis, continent quatuor Bayes, le peece, vna domo vocat le Stalle, als le Oxe house, continen̄ iii. Baies, edificat, vnum Srabul cont vi. Baies, edific̄ Qui quidem Scitus, et cetere damus, et edificia, sunc coopert, cum tegu­lis siue lapi [...], voc̄ Tyle, preter dict duo Horrea que coopert sunt cum le Shingle &c. Et qui quidem Scitus, & cetere do­mus, ac edificia, ac cetera premiss. cum omnibus et singu­lis dominicis terr̄, prat, pasc. pastur̄, boscis, et subboscis, cum pertin̄ (if it bee out of the Lordes owne hande, demised to a Fermour, ye must saie) modo dimittuntur, R. H. executor̄ et assign̄ suis, (Some vse to specifie the Farmours estate, with the date of his Indenture, and for what liues, or how many yeres he holdeth it) and this is more then is in Master Fitz­harbertes presidente (and then must ye saie) Hend et Tenend pred R.H. executor̄ et assign̄ suis a festo sancti Michaelis ar­changeli prox. futur̄ (vel vltīo preterito, as the feaste is, and if it be for his life, saie) ad terminum et pro termino vite na­tural ipsius R.H. (And if it bee for yeres, then saie) vsque ad finem et terminum xxj. annorum (or so many yeres as it is) extunc prox. sequend et plenarie complend. And then name the rente, saiyng. Reddend inde annuatim dict Iohanni at Stile dn̄o Manerij pred xxxi. li. x. s̄. (or naming what other rēt he paieth, & thē at what feastes as) ad duos āni terminos vsuales, viz ad fest Annunciationis beate Marie virginis, et sancti Michaelis Archangeli, per equal portiones duran̄ ter­mino [Page] pred. (And then some doe touche partly the couenaun­tes in the Indenture, on the tenauntes behalfe to bee perfor­med, in this or like forme.) Et pred R. H. et executor̄ fui te­nentur omnibus reparationibus premissor̄ ad sumptos suos proprios preter grande meremium, et in fine termini dabit dn̄o xl. s̄. nomine Herriott, et habebit sufficien̄ Hedgebdote, Houseboote, Fireboote, Ploughboote, Carteboote, et Haie­boote super premiss. crescen̄ et ibm̄ expendend, et non alibi, duran̄ termino pred, et hēit cōmuniam in omnibus commu­niis et vastis dn̄i et continet etiam in Indentura pred vnum promso; ꝙ si Reddūs pred aretrofuerit in parte vel in tot [...] per spatium vnius mensis post aliquod festum solutionis pred, et litime demandat, quod tunc potest dn̄s et heredes sui in premissa, et quamlibet inde percellam reintrare &c̄. And likewise you maie bréefly in the same maner, rehearse any o­ther couenaunte in the Indenture declared) all whiche is more then master Fitz harbert declareth, and it is muche v­sed at this daie. And then ye muste drawe all together, and set the rente thereof in the middest of the right margente, that it maie be ready to the eye.

How the Sry [...]e of a Personage or Rectorie, and Vicaredge may be bounded.

SCitus Rectorie de Sale scituatur et existit inter Regiam viam pred super austr̄ et eccliām ꝑochial ex parte Occidental et campum Boreal ex parte Boreal, et Tentm̄ R.F. ex parte oriental. Et Re­ctor ecclesie pred habet vnum Croftum iacent inter campum Boreal et Cemiteriū ecclesie pred ex parte Austral. Ac dict Crostum continet detem perticas ex parte Boreal et duo­decim perticas ex parte Austral, et Triginta perticas in longitudine ex Oriental parte, et viginti perticas et dimi­diam ex parte occidental. Et R.T. est modo rector ibm̄, et ha­buit [Page] rectoriam pred ex dono domini huius Manerij de Dale, cui donatio eiusdem pertinet imꝑꝑm̄, vt vero et iudubitato patrono eiusdem in iure Maner̄ sui predicti. Et predit. R. T. clīcus tenet rectoriam pred, cum omnibus Terris, Glebis, Pratis, Pascuis, pasturis, decim̄, oblacoī (bus), prouencoī (bus); ab­ueucoī (bus) & alijs proficuis quibuscunque in occupatione sua propria, et valor annuus eiusdem in libris Dn̄e Regine ex­tendit ad x [...]iij. l. ij. s̄. sed valet per annum vltra repris̄ xxij. l.

And note that the cause why I haue neither in the Scite and Demaynes of the Mannour afore mencioned, nor in the entrie of the saide Scite of the Personage aforesaide, here butted, bounded or set out the names, contentes of Acres of the said Landes, Meadowes, Pastures, Closes, &c. of the De­maines or Glebe Landes, or of the Landes, Meadowes, Pa­stures. &c. belonging to any tenement of frée holders, or copy holders, (the fourmes of thentries whereof nowe also ensue) is, because the same must and should appeare in the generall vewes of the fieldes, Meadowes and closes of the hole Man­nour by them selues as hereafter shall appeare.

How the Tenementes or Mesuages of Fréehol­ders should be butted, bounded and entred.

VNum Mesuagium siue tenementum, quod D. C. tenet libere per chartam cum omnibus ter­ris, prat, pastur̄, &c. eidem tenemento siue Mess. ꝑtin̄, de Dn̄o huius Manerij: quod quidem me­suagium siue Tenementum iacet inter regiam viam pred ex parte Austral, et campum Borial pred ex parte Borial, et rectoriam pred ex parte Occidental, et Ten̄tū W. R. ex parte Oriental, et continet xiii. perticas ex parte Au­stral eiusdem in latitudine et xxi. perticas et tres pedes in longitudine, et xvi. perticas in latitudine apud caput Bo­reol. [Page] Et tenet Mesuagium siue Tenementum predict cū per­tin̄ de dēo domino per homagium, fidelitatem et duos solidat reddit per annum, et vnam libram Piperis, ac sect ad curiam dn̄i de tri (bus) septīanis in tres septīanas, et ad duas letas dn̄i ibm̄ annuatim tenend.

And thus must ye enter the Mesuages, Landes and pastu­res of all free holders beyng alwaies sure to expresse the but­tes & boundes of the same, and the seruice and yerely Rent of euery free Tenaunt as nere as ye can, in the entrie of the same.

How other Mesuages, Tenementes or Cotages, holden of the Lorde at wille, or by Indenture, or by Copy of Courte rolle, should be butted, boun­ded, contained and entred.

VNum Mesuagium siue Tenementum dimissum. S.H. (if it be at wille, say, ad voluntatem dn̄i (if it be by In­denture, say) per Indenturam gerent dat, &c. (if it bee by Copie of Court roll) saye, per copiam Curie ad volunta­tem dn̄i, secundum consuetudinem Manerij, cuius dat est, &c. Scituat inter regiam viam predict ex parte Austral, et cam­pum Borealem predict ex parte Boreal, et dictum Tenement D.C. pred ex parte Occidental, et cōem Campum ibm̄ vo­cat Le Est fielde ex parte Oriental, et continet in latitudine quatuordecem pertic̄, et tres pedes assise, et xviii pertit̄, et de­cem pedes assis̄ in longitudine, hēnd &c. (as his estate is, fol­lowyng the fourme set out in the entrie of the Scyte of the Mannour before expressed.) Reddend inde annuatim dict Io­anni Style dn̄o Maner̄ predict xxiiii. s̄. vi. d. ad duos āni ter­minos vsual, vz. ad festa Annuntiationis beate Marie virgi­nis, et seī Michaelis Archangeli per equales porcoēs. (And then if it be by Indenture, touche also the couenauntes ther­in in this or like fourme.) Et pred. S. H. et executor̄ sui per [Page] Indentur̄ pred tenentur omnibus reparationibus premisso­rum ad sumptus suos proprios (grandi maremio solummodo ercept) Et in fine termini sui dabit domino optimū Animal quod hēt nomine Herriott. Et pred S. H. et execut sui habe­bunt (ex conuentione dn̄i predicti,) Sufficient hedgeboote, houseboote, fyreboote, Ploughboote et Carteboote, super p̄ ­mis. crescen̄, et ibm̄ expendend. duran̄ termino predicto. Et faciet Sectam ad curiā domini quotiēs legaliter summoītus fuerit. Et dabit annuatim dn̄o predco, duas gallinas ad Fest natal dn̄i, &c. Et si reddūs predict aretro fuerit in parte vel in toto per spacium vnius mensis post aliquod festum solucon̄ pred et litīme demandat, quod tunc potest dn̄s et heredes sui in p̄miss. reintrar̄, &c. (And euen in like fourme let hym enter al other couenauntes contained in the Indenture.) And if it be by Copy ye muste recite the seruices and woorkes whiche the Tenaunt should doe if hee should or ought to doe any, &c. and in this fourme make your entrie of all suche like.

Now touchyng the entrie of the Fieldes, Landes, Closes and meadowes of euery Tenement (after Maister Fitzhar­bartes fourme) they must be recited in the vewe of the whole mannour, as next hereafter ensuyng shall appeare.

Howe to Butte and Bounde the whole common fieldes belonging to a Mannour.

CAmpus Austral ibm̄ iacet ex australi parte vil­le de Sale pred, et incipit apud le Crucem ibm̄ vocat Shawcrosse, apud quoddam furlongū vo­cat Well Furlong. Quod quidem Furlongum continet sexaginta acras terre arabil et abbut­tant ex parte boreal et occidental, super magnum Clausum dm̄ de terris dominicis voc̄ wrangclose, et ex parte oriental super communem viam ibm̄ voc̄ longlane, et ex parte austral [Page] super Riuulum ibm̄ vocatur Kernebroke, vnde Dn̄s habet tres acras et vnam rodam, rector ibm̄ iii. acr̄ et iiii. pertic̄. R. F. quatuor acr̄. G.H. vnam acram et vnam rodam, S. R. se­ptem acr̄ et tres rod. et sic de ceteris. Ye may doe the like if ye will by the Landes as I haue doen by the acres.

Also if there bee any mo common Fieldes, enter them and bounde them in like maner, as I haue doen this South fielde aforemencioned.

How to but and bound the Meadowes of a Man, nour, and specially when they are common Mea­dowes.

PRatū commune Maner̄ de Sale predict vocat Brodemeade, iacet in Orientali campo coīs cā ­pi ibm̄ vocat Southfield, inter campum pred et Riuulum predict vocat Kernebrooke, et ex par­te Occidental abbuttat super viam vocat long­lane pred, et ex partibus Austral et Oriental abu [...]t super claus. dedn̄icis dn̄i vocat Wrangclose, et ex parte Borcal abbut super Crofta I. H. et W. H. Et Pratum predictum continet lxiii. acr̄ et vnam rodam, et iacet in diuersis partib. vocat Shootes. Et incipiens apud longlane pred in australi parte eiusdem, rector ibm̄ habet tres Acras et vnam Rodam, dn̄s Maner̄ vt de dnīcis suis sex Acras. R. S. v. acras et dī. I. B. quatuor acras et vnam rodam. F. H. sex acras et dī. T.B. v. acras, Dn̄a Regina ix. acras, Rector predict tres a­cras et dī, &c. et sic de ceteris his Sili (bus).

And if there bee any moe or other Meadowes, vse the lyke fourme of entryng of their Buttes Boundes and contentes, notyng alwayes their knowen names specially if you can.

How a man should enter, butte and bound the se­uerall [Page] Pastures, Croftes and Enclosures belon­gyng to a Manour.

VNam Clausur̄ Pastur̄ de Dn̄icis dn̄i conti­nen̄ quadraginta acr̄ iacet inter Pratum ibm̄ vocat Brodemeade ex parte oriental, et v­num clauss. pastur̄ in tenur̄ R. F. vocat Wel­croft, et Riuulum predic̄ vocat Kernebroke ex partibus Occidental et austral, ac cōem Campum ibm̄ vocat Northfield, ex parte Boriale, et valet per annum vi. l.

Vnum aliud clauss. Pastur̄ ibm̄ quod R.F. tenet libē de dn̄o pred vt libō ten̄to suo ꝑtinen̄, voc̄ Welcrofte cōt xiii. acr̄ iacet inter wrangclose predict. super Occidental et clm̄. S. T. vocat olde Acre, ex parte Oriental & riuulum predict̄ vo­cat̄ Kernebrooke, ex parte Austral, et campum predict vocat Northefelde, et val per annum. xxx. s̄. iiii. d.

Vnum aliud claus. Pasture quod G. H. tenet de domino, vt Ten̄to suo custumario pertinen̄, cont xxiiii. acr̄, et iii. Rodas vocat Marlefelde, iacet iuxta Wrangclose pred, abbut super Longlane pred versus Oriental et clm̄ I. M. vocat Short-acre, versus Occidental, et clm̄ Rectoris ecclesie ibidem voc̄ Parsones Close ex parte Austral, et dict clm̄ ibidem vocat Well crofte ex parte Boreal, et valet per annum xxxii. s̄.

Vnum Claus. pastur̄ ibidem vocat Parsones close, conti­nen̄ xxii. acr̄ dī, et vnam Rodam iacet super clauss. pred vocat Shortacre versus Boreal, et claus. vocat Welcrofte, versus Austral, et Longlane versus Occidental, et claus. R.F. ver­sus Oriental, pertinen̄ Rectorie de Sale pred, val per an­num. xxvi. s̄. viii. d.

And after this and like maner, ye maie peruse, vewe, butte and bounde, and enter all maner of Closes, Pastures and Croftes in any Mannour, or about any Mannour.

[Page]And you shall note, that this maner and forme of vewyng, buttyng, boundyng, and entryng of the saied Messuages, or Tenementes, Fieldes, Meadowes, and Pastures, or Closes, is almoste whollie accordyng to the forme, prescribed by ma­ster Fitz Harbert, and is a very exacte and moste perfect way.

But there is now vsed of some, an other maner of Suruei­yng, Buttyng, and Boundyng, but specially of entryng of the same in these latter daies, whereof I would not haue you also ignoraunte, & that is in this forme: Thei entre seuerally euery mannes Messuage, or Tenement, and Butte and boūd first the Scite therof accordingly, and then euen in the same entre all in one (infra) thei doe particularly butte and bound, and also entre euery mannes errable lande, also his Meado­wes, Closes, and Pastures, belongyng to euery of the same seuerall Tenementes, all together, and then see out the rente in the right margent thereof, and the fine and Herriot there­fore, to bee due in the lefte margente thereof, as for your in­struction, I will sett out hereafter onely one example.

[Page]And this fourme aforesaid semeth also very commodious, for it sheweth together plainely to the eye, what, how, and where the parcells of landes be, that doth belong to euery te­nement or mesuage, wheras after the fourme afore surueied, after ye haue founde in your suruey, a tenauntes mesuage or house, ye must be faine to séeke and pike out in the general­tie of the whole suruey of Fieldes, Meadowes and Cloases of the same Mannour, euery tenauntes parcelles particuler­ly. Whiche is a trouble and somewhat diffuse to hym that is but a young surueiour. Mary, to helpe that, it is vsed (after the suruey of a Mannour is generally taken in fourme afore­said: Then immediatly therout to make your Terrour wher­in euery mans parcelles of Lande are set out with his tene­ment, partely in fourme of the last example aforesaide.

Manerium de Dale in Comitatu praedicto.

Comitat Northūb. MAgnum Terrarium Iohīs at Stile mi­litis, dn̄i Manerij pred de eodem Mane­rio diligenter renouat, fact, et examinat per Mandat dn̄i predict, vltimo die Au­gusti. Anno dn̄i M.D.lxij. Annoque Re­gni Dn̄e Nostre Elizabeth Dei gratia Anglie Frauncie et Hibernie Regine fi­dei defensor̄, &c. Quarto.

¶Ʋidelicet.

CIrcuitur Manerij de Dale pred, incipit apud le crosse Way vocat Shawe crosse apud Orient, ducent ad Burgu [...] de B. et exterdit a [...]re [...]i [...]a via per sepem mag [...]i cōij, vocat le Hethe Downe, vsque ad locum quen­dam [Page] Circuitus Maner [...]d Dale, cun metis et boundis e­iusdem. vocat le grauell pittes, in exteriore parte cōij predict, et abinde extend per magnum foss. vocat the drie diche, versus Austrum, vsque par­uum riuulum vocat Slades Brooke, et abinde extendens semper a longe per Riuulum pred versus occidental, vsque ad molend pertinen̄ Manerio de H. vocat Huttes mylle, et abinde reextendit per cōem viam sine callem ibm̄, ver­sus boreal vsque ad Stagnum quoddam cōe vo­cat Helliers ponde, et abinde circumextendens per corneriū Parci Manerij pred, & per sepem vocat le greate quicksett camporum cōmun̄, cu­iusdā Manerij voc̄. G. adiacen̄ vsque ad le crosse waie vocat Shawe crosse pred.

Qui quidem notabiles siue special loci pred noīat Shawcrosse, Grauell Pittes, Slades Brooke, Hittes mille, et Heliers ponde, sunt et semper de antiquo fuerīt limites, seu le perti­culer boūdes, markes, et meares totius precint siue circuitus Manerij de Dale pred.

Tenura, si­ue de quo tenet Ma­nerium de Dale et per que redd et scruit.Manerium de Dale pred cum omnibus et sin­gulis terris, tenementis, pratis, pascuis, pastu­ris, et ceteris suis iuribus, membr̄, et pertinen­tijs tenetur de H. Comite Northumbrie, vt de vnīo siue manerio suo de C. per libm̄ Soccagiū et reddit xxxiiij. s̄ ij. d. ob q. annuatī solut ad fe­stum sc [...] Michaelis Archangeli tantum.

Manerium de Dale pred cum omnibus et sin­gulis Terris, Tenemētis, Pratis, Pascuis, pa­stur̄, et ceteris suis iuribus, membris et perti­nen̄ [Page]si dimitterentur xxiiii. li.

Rectoria de Dale pred cum terr̄ Glebis.

Iacobus Branborne clicus Rec­tor Recto­rie de Dale xliiii. li.TEnet Rectoriam de Dale pred, scitus­que eiusdem existit inter Regiam viam ibm̄ ex parte Occidental, et cemiteriū ex parte Oriental, et Scitum Manerij ex parte Austral, et communem campum ibidē ex parte Boreal, et continet xxxiiii. pertic̄ in latitudine, et lxxxii. pertic̄ in longitudine, su­perque Scitum pred edificat sunt vna Aula, vnū cenaculū vocat a Parlour, cum quatuor cameris, et coquina, ac vnum stabul et vnum Horreū, cont iii. Baies. Ac vnū claus. terr̄ in Occidētal parte Pomarij, et Gardinum ei­dem Rectorie pertinen̄, cont vndecem acr̄, ac xxii. acr̄ terr̄ arabil de terr̄ glebis in cōmuni campo ibm̄ voc̄ Milfelde, vnde vi. acr̄ insi­mul iacent apud Hoggesende Ferrie ibm̄, ac vnam acr̄ et dī iacent apud Branbushe ibidē ac vnū acr̄ apud Wynlease &c. Ac etiam om­nes decimas, lane, garbar̄, feni et ceter̄ omni­bus et singulis proficuis, decimis, obuentio­nibus, et commoditatibus ac aduantagiis dict Rector̄ pertinen̄ siue spectan̄, et habuit rectoriam predict ex donatione dicti domini Manerii predit, qui est indubitatus patro­nus eiusdem in iure Manerii de Dale pred et valet per annum.

Liberi Tenentes.

Willmus at Nooke. lxii. s̄.TEnet libe sibi et hered suis de domino huius Manerii ex donatione progeni­tor̄ domini per Chartam, vnum Me­suagium siue tenementum liberum: quod qui dem Messuagium siue tenementum iacet in­ter Rectoriam de Dale, ex parte Occidental et Tenementum in tenur̄ R. F. ex parte O­riētal et Regiam viam ibm̄ ex parte Austral, et communem campum ibidem vocat Milne­marshe felde ex parte Boreal, & continet xxxi perticas in longitudine, et xxii. pertic̄ in la­titudine. Ac etiam vnam acr̄ prati in comuni prato voc̄ Blithe Meade, apud le Slade ibm̄ et v. acr̄ prat in eodem prato apud Forough Bush ibm̄ &c. Ac vnū claus. pastur̄ voc̄ Crad­docks cont iiii. acr̄, vnde vnum caput abbutt &c. quod quidem Tenementum vocatur Ho­lynshedes, quond Iohannis Makereth, et reddit domino annuatim iiii. s̄. viii. d. et tenet per fidelitat et sect ad cur̄ Maner̄ ad duas le­tas annuatim tenend. Et Tenementum pred est heritabil. &c.—

Silis intratio fiat de terr̄ et Tenemen­tis ceterorum libor̄ tenentium.

¶Tenentes ad voluntatem.

TEnet ad voluntatem Domini vnum te­nementum in Ribstrete, iacen̄ inter te­nementum, S. T. ex Oriental parte et W. B. ex parte occidental, et Regiā viā pred ex parte Auscr̄ et campū pred ex parte Borial continens xxii. pertit in longitudine et xxi. [Page] Iohēs Doe. xxxxiiii. s̄. viii.d. pertit in latitudine, cum vno Horto et Gar­din̄ adiacen̄, ac vnū claus. pastur̄ vocat horse crofte, continens octo Acr̄ et dī, abbutt super terr̄ Iohīs P. versus austral & terr̄ I. H. ver­sus boreal, &c. ac vnam acr̄ et dī prati in cōi prato ibm̄ apud Wrinehille, et quatuor acr̄ dī terr̄ arabil apud mylne Marshe fielde, iuxta locum vocat Hollie acre, &c. et redd per an­num xxiiij. s̄. viii. d. ad duos anni terminos equal porcoī (bus). —

Silis Intratio fiat de terris et tenemen­tis ceterorum tenen̄ ad volunt.

Tenentes per Indentur̄ pro terīo vite siue Annorum.

TEnet per Indentur̄ gerent dat xxii. die Februarij. anno regni dn̄i Regis nuꝑ Henrici octaui xxxiiii. vnum mesuagiū siue Tenementum scituat inter regiam viam pred ex parte boreal et Tentum in tenur̄ R. F. ex parte austral, et coēm campū pred ex ꝑte occidental, et Sowters lane ex parte orien­tal, et continet in latitudine xxii. pertic̄, et xx. pertic̄ in latitudine, et mesuagium siue Tene­mentum pred est sufficienter construct, ac etiā tegulat, cum vno Stabul et vno Horreo, ac le Oxehouse ibm̄ cum Stramine coopert, cum vno Gardino et vno Pomario insimul iacen̄ cont duas acr̄ et vnam Rodam terr̄, ac cum v­no paruo Clauso Pastur̄ in Oriental, vnde vnum Caput abutt, &c. Ac etiam xxiiii. Acr̄ [...]err̄ arabil, vnde. iiii. acr̄ iacent in Mylne­marshe fielde, apud windemill hille, &c. ac xi. [Page] Iohēs at Noke. Cxiii. s̄. iiii. d.Acr̄ prat, vnde iii. acr̄ et vna Roda prati iacet in Broademeade, iuxta le milne dāme ibm̄, &c. ac quat claus. pastur̄, cont in tot 32 acr̄ pastur̄, vnde vnū claus. iacet apud Benbowe Crosse cont xiiii. acr̄ et dī abbut suꝑ le Bēbow lane, vers. occiden̄ et terr̄. Iohīs M. versus orien­tal, et vnum caput eiusdem abut super claus. de dn̄icis dn̄i ibm̄ versus Austral et alterum caput eiusdem abuttt super alium croft eius­dem I. M. versus Boreal (& silī modo de ce­teris) quod quidem mesuagium siue tenemē ­tum, ac cetera premiss. cum pertin̄ quondam voc̄ Maliardes, modo Tournors nuꝑ, ī tenur̄ Willī Turnour defunct. Hēd et tenend pred. mesuagium siue tenementum, ac cetera p̄miss. cum pertinēt prefat Iohn̄i at Noke executor̄ et assign̄ suis a festo seī Michaelis Archange­li vltimo preterito ante dat eiusdem Inden­tur̄ ad terminum viginti, et vnius annorum, extunc proximo sequen̄ & complend. Reddend inde annuatim dict I. S. dn̄o Manerij pred hered et assign̄ suis v. l. xiii. s̄. iiii. d. ad duos anni terminos vsual equis porcionibus sol­uend, duran̄ termino pred. vz. ad Festa &c. Et pred Iohēs at Noke, et executor̄ sui habe­bunt, (ex conuencōe dn̄i pred sufficient hedge­boote, ploughboote. &c. Et pred I. at Noke, et excutor̄ sui per Indentur̄ pred tenētur om­nibus reparationibus premissorum ad sump­tos suos proprios (grandi Maremio solum­modo excepto) et ita sufficienter reꝑat in fi­ne termī pred, in man̄ dn̄i siue hered suorum quiet relinquēt, et sursum reddent, ac etiam in fine termī sui predcī dabit dn̄o pred, seu he­redibus [Page]suis Quadraginta Solidos noīe He­riott. Ac etiam tenetur facere sectam ad cu­riam dn̄i quotiens legaliter summōit fuerit, ac etiam dabit dn̄o annuatim vnum Caponē et vnam Gallinam ad fest natal dn̄i, &c. Et si reddūs p̄dūs areted fuerit insolut in parte vel in tot ꝑ spaciū sex septimanarū post aliquod festū solucon̄ p̄d, et litime demandat, quod tūc licebit dn̄o pred, et heredibus suis in p̄miss. et quamlibt inde parcell reintrar̄, &c.

Silīs intratio fiat de terr̄ & Tenementis cete­rorum tenentium ad voluntatē, et pro terīo an­norum, ac pro terīo vite, ac per Copiam Cur̄ secundum consuetudinem Mauerij.

Tenentes ꝑ Copiam Curie secundum consue­tudinem Manerij.

TEnet per copiā Cur̄ gerent dat vndecimo die Maij. anno regni Regis nuꝑ. H. viii. xxxiiii. vnum tenementū custumariū abutt, &c. cuius ten̄ti scitus continet in longitudine ab orient vsque ad occident xiiii. pertic̄, et in latitudine ab austro vsque ad bor̄ xi. perticas quod ten̄tum cum vno Stabulo, vno Horreo, ac le Oxestall sunt veter̄ domus et ruinos. cumque Stramine coopert. Ac etiam vnum Gardinum et vnū paruū Poma­riū adiacent in Austral parte eiusdem ten̄ti, cont tres Rodas, cum vno paruo Crofto ei­dem Pomario adiacen̄ cont tres acr̄ & dī, ab­but suꝑ Austr̄, &c. Ac etiā xxiiii. acr̄ Pastur̄ in [Page]septem clausis, vnde vnum clm cont ix acr̄ iacen̄ apud Ducwell strete abbut super terr̄ W. H. versus Occiden̄, &c. Ac etiam quatuor acr̄ Prati in cōi Prato ibm̄ voc̄ Myulnemar­shemeade, apud Sande Hille, &c. ac xxxi. acr̄ terr̄ arabl in tribus coī (bus) Cāpis pertin̄ Ma­nerio pred, videlicet xix. acr̄ in Rubro Campo. vnde tres acr̄ et ii. furlonḡ iacent insimul apd Shepardes Bush ibm̄, &c. qd quidem ten̄tum custumar̄ quod olim vocabat Coliers, modo Hollandes, et erat quondā in tenur̄ Willm̄i Martyn hēnd et tenend predicto Nicholao at Stile, (si sit sibi et hered) dic, hered & assign̄ suis, si sit pro termino vite dic) et A vxore sue ac I. filij eorumdem et vtriusque eorum diu­tius viuent (Si sit pro terīo annorum dic) executor̄ et assign̄ suis pro termino xxi. anno­rum extunc prox. sequend et plenarie cōplen­dorum, ad voluntat domini secundum consue tudinem Manerii, per redd lxii. s̄. ad felt san­cti Michaelis archangeli, et Annunciationis beate Marie virgin̄ annuat soluend equal portionibus, et per alia seruicia inde prius debit et de iure consuet: et hēt coīam in am­nibus communiis domini Manerii pred pro quibulcunque aueriis suis, et tenetur per cō ­suetudinem Manerii pred omnibus repara­tionibus premissorū p̄ter grāde Marenniū, et habent Firewoode; ex consuetudine apud boscum domini voc̄ Estouer, super tenemen­tū suum pred expendend et non alibi, et dabūt annuatim ex consuetudine domino Maner̄ pred duas gallinas ad festum natal Domini. Ac etiam post mortem cuiuslibt tenentium [Page] pred dabunt dn̄o quilibt eorum optimum Animal nomine Herriotte, et dedit domino de fine viii. li. pro tali statu habend, &c. et ad­miss. sunt &c. et fecer̄ fidelitat &c.—

Silis intrato fiat de terr̄ et Tene­mentis ceterorum tenentium per co­piam curie. Sed multi solēt breuiori modo agere Intracoēm eorum tenē ­tium custum̄.

Communia, More et Bosci, ac Mari­sce dict Manerio de Dale pertin̄, spe­ctan̄ siue appenden̄.

Communia vocat Wy­mond cōmōMagna communia ibidem vocat Wymonde­common, continens duo millia, et trecentas a­cras terr̄ pertinet cōmuniter cam dn̄o & tenen­tibus Manerii de Dale pred, quam dn̄is et te­nentibus Maneriorum de H. et C. dicto Mane­rio de Dale adiacen̄ siue contingen̄.

Communia vocat MarshmoreAlia communia vocat Marshemore, continens quadringentas acras terr̄ pertin̄ proprie Dn̄o et tenētibus huius Manerii de Dale, et extēdit se a le Rosses woode in Orient, vsque Halliers Ponde in Occiden̄, et abbutt ver le Auster̄ su­per, &c.

Boscus cō ­munis voc̄ le Estouer.Boscus communis ibidem vocat le Estouer magna, pertinet proprie domino Manerii de Dale predict, et tenentibus eiusdem tam pro reparatione ceuementorum suorum, quam pro le Fewell eorundem ex consuetud, & extend ab Mores Lake, versus Orient ad Blande marle­pitte [Page] versus Occiden̄, et a Graies doune Lane, versus Austr̄ vsque Banierdes Shaue, versus Boreal, &c.

Silis fiat intratio de horum silibus.

And thus muche breefly for the engrossemente of a Sur­uey and terrour, obseruyng as well the Rules, as formes of entries afore specified, maie well suffice.

Note also, diuerse men addicted to their owne fantasies and mindes, do vse diuerse other formes, in makyng of Sur­ueyes and terrours, whose doynges like as I will not re­pugne, so I truste thei will not of their gentlenesse muche carpe at this, sette out of good will for enstruction, onely of suche as be ignoraunte in that facultie.

But yet before I leaue treatyng hereof, I thinke good to put you in remembraunce, that one speciall pointe bee obserued, in the entryng of all parcelles, that (by searchyng of the aunciente Euidences, Recordes, Bookes of Surueye, and Terrours of any Mannour, he doe as nere as he can, in his newe entrie in the Surueye booke or Terrour, at the en­grossyng thereof, specifie it, and enter the olde seuerall na­mes of euery Tenemente, Close, or suche: and also the names of suche olde Tenauntes as helde the same before, aswell as­of them that holde it at this presente daie, and specially of the landes of freeholders, and this principall obseruation will not onely wonderfully preserue memorie, but also exclude doubtes, and be occasion from tyme to tyme to greate quiet­nesse. A breef ensample whereof ensueth.

Iohannes Doo.Tenet lib̄e de domino huius Manerii per Chartā, sibi et hered suis, (if it bee by Copie, saie) per Copiam cut &c. vnum Mesuagium siue Tenementum cum pertin̄ &c. olim vo­cat [Page] Shanckes, postea Shangrelles, et modo Tremors, olim in tenur̄ Willmi Shanck et postea Edmundi Tremour, et nuper Briani Tyson &c.—

¶ A bye Rule. Regula Apportionation̄ terrarum secundum reddit eiusdem.

SOme Surueiours vse, some time to portionate the rente of euery Tenauntes holdyng, accordyng to the number, quantitie, and qualitie of the lande that he holdeth after the acre. That he maie thereby the better perceiue what euery Tenaunte commonly paieth for an acre, bee it Lande, Meadowe, Pasture, or woode, after the stinte of his rente, and if it be better thā the rente, then there by he vnderstandeth how muche more rente euery Acre is yerely worthe.

But this enstruction with other some before specified, should not be made to common emongst those persones, who are ouergredie coueteous, that care not how thei racke their Tenauntes, to their owne dampnation, leaste thei abuse the same, to the oppressyng of their Tenauntes. Yet ye shal haue here a breefe example thereof.

SVppose a Tenaunt holdeth a Meese or Tene­mente, with Garden and Orchard, and twentie Acres of Pasture, thirtie Acres of arable, and fowertine Acres of Meadowe, (as for the wod­lande, vnlesse it bee in those Mannours where it is lawfull for the Tenaunt to fell it, or after the same being stubbed, is made into Pasture, &c. is seldome vsed to be rated or apportionated.) And he paieth for all the same lx. s̄. yerely. [Page] Now if it be knowen how muche of the saide Rente is yerely pated for the Pasture, howe muche for the errable, and howe muche for the Meadowe distinctly, either by seuerall reserua­tion in tymes past, or how they were seuerally let heretofore, it were soone doone. (As for the House, Garden or Orcharde where there is aboue thirty or fiue and twenty Acres of land belongyng to it, in this kynde of apportionatyng, is seldome or neuer rated or apportionated) but vpō the Land, Meadow and Pasture onely. Then is the rate of the Lande aforesaide, in this maner apportionated.

Some write their Rate or Apportionation in this fourme followyng.

Thus where the Rente is seuerally reserued for euery na­ture or kinde of lande a seuerall certaine rente, it may easely as ye see, be rated or aportionated. And if this bee the case en­suyng as it most comonly chaunceth, that the seuerall rentes are vncertaine.

As a Tenaunt holdeth a tenement and twenty foure acres errable, twelue acres Pasture, and eight acres meadowe, or such like, now to rate or apportionate the same is somewhat difficulte. And before ye can make any substanciall apportio­nation, Ye must partly knowe the goodnes and fruitfulnes or [Page] fertillity of euery suche lande, Meadowe and Pasture. For in suche a place the same maye lye that the errable is not worth iiii. d. an acre, but lesse, and in suche place it may lye, that an acre errable is worth xii. d. xvi. d. yea xx. d. an acre and more. And in like maner the Pasture may lye in some place, that it is worthe iii. s̄. iiii. d. or iiii. s̄. or more, an acre, and in some place liyng againe it is worthe scante xii. d. an acre or lesse. The Meadow likewise may lye in some suche place, that it is worth yerely vi.s̄. viii. d. x.s̄. yea xiii. s̄. iiii. d. or xx. s̄. an acre, beyng enclosed and lowe grounde. And againe in some place it may so lye, that it may bee to deare of v.s̄. an acre, either for that it is baren, or lieth high, or liyng lowe and fenny, it may be full of Rushes, Flagges, or knotgrasse. And all these good­nesses of grounde may bee sometyme in one Mannour. Yea sometyme belongyng to one Tenement. Therefore in this, and suche like cases the rent must be apportionated after the goodnes, and badnesse, of the kindes of groūd, accordyng on­ly to the prudente discretion of the Surueiour, without a ru­le, or if ye will needes desire, a certaine fourme to apportio­nate suche vncertainties (as moste men dooe couet to haue a certainty prescribed in euery thing) Then let this following be your waye, or meane, which I haue knowen some men vse, called a supposition pro incerto, as they tearme it.

Apportionate the rente in the second case aforesaide, by al­lottyng first to euery acre of the arrable xii. d. an acre, let this be the roote nowe, or foundation. Then allotte vpon euery a­cre of Pasture alwaies double asmuche and halfe as muche, as is allotted vpon an acre errable, and then is here euery a­cre of pasture ii.s̄. vi. d. And thā allot vpō euery acre of Mea­dowe foure tymes as muche and halfe as muche as is allot­ted also vpon any acre errable, which as the number of acres of meadowe doe arise here, is fower shillynges sixe pence vp­pon the acre, as thus.

• [Page]In terr̄ arabil xxiiii. acr̄ reddit xxiiii.s̄. quelib̄t acr̄ xii. d. sum̄ acr̄ xliiii sūm̄ redd. 4. l x.s̄.
• In Pastur̄— xii.acr̄ reddit xxx.s̄.—quelib̄t acr̄ ii.s̄. vi. d. sum̄ acr̄ xliiii sūm̄ redd. 4. l x.s̄.
• In Prat—viii. acr̄. reddit xxxvi.s̄. quelībt acr̄ iiii.s̄. vi. d. sum̄ acr̄ xliiii sūm̄ redd. 4. l. x.s̄.

This maner of apportionatyng some doe vse when they would redily see a present apportionaciō (although, nere al­waies beyng vncertayne, because it is founded vpon a suppo­sition vncertaine. But the best and surest waie is to make the apportionatiō alwaies by the knowledge and discretion that is to say accordyng to the goodnes and fertilitie of the lande, and seldome otherwise.

Jnstruction for Introduction.

TO aunswere by Rodde or by line, it is at your pleasure, but of them both the lyne is the spedier and most com­modious, and also of most antiquitie.

Your line beyng foure Perches of lengthe, and at euery pearche ende a knot, would be well seared with hoate Waxe and Rosen, to auoide stretching thereof in the wete, and shrin­king in the drought.

Also you must note, there are diuerse fashions of landes, and therefore diuersly to be measured. And some manner of lande lieth in suche sondrie fourmes, that it must needes be measu­red, not in the whole, but in diuers parcelles, euery parte by it self. Also where a pece of Lande is to be deuided into diuers partes, of whiche eche one muste bee measured by hym selfe, then ye ought vigilauntly to consider, into how many parcel­ls, and into how many and what maner fashions they must be diuided, that ye may measure euery parte, accordyng to his fourme or fashion.

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BVt before I enter into the declaratiō of any exāples, I must first enforme you. That whē any line (which cutteth any side of a Triangle or suche like euen crosse) maketh the thinge it deuideth, like vnto a Car­penters squire, I do alwaies tearme, suche a line to fall, light, or hit, squier­wise. And I name that line, the depē ­ding line, and sometime I call it hereafter, the whipped line, because I haue fourmed it, in all the Figures like a littell whipcorde, that by suche difference ye may know it from the other lines, being also the principall worker for the learning of all quantities. And that side or parte of euerie three corne­red or triangled peece of Lande, whiche the saide dependyng or whipped line cutteth, to bee called the base line. And note also euery peece of Lande is named a Triangle, when it hath or is supposed to haue only three corners or angles, and thrée sides, whether the sides be equall or not: and likewise they be called squares, that haue foure sides or foure corners, whe­ther they differ in widenes or not.

Note also that howsoeuer your péece of lande be fourmed or fashioned, be it square or partly square, rounde or partely rounde, triangled or partly triangled, or a hill mountyng, or a valley descending (of some of al which figures ye shall here­after see examples) Yet alwaies must suche peeces of Lande whatsoeuer it bee, bee reduced into one certaine breadth and one certaine length, or els it can neuer bee collected or sum­med into a perfecte contente or number of Acres, and other odde quantities. The findyng out of whiche Lengthes and Breadthes, my examples ensuyng shall throughly shewe you.